diff --git "a/data/processed/new_wiki.test00.jsonl" "b/data/processed/new_wiki.test00.jsonl"
--- "a/data/processed/new_wiki.test00.jsonl"
+++ "b/data/processed/new_wiki.test00.jsonl"
@@ -1,1500 +1,3 @@
-{"question": "Why did The Sunday Times and The Times launch separate websites in 2010?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "answer": "to reflect their distinct brand identities", "sentence": "It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times has its own website. <hl> It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities . <hl> Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites <hl> to reflect their distinct brand identities <hl>. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "sentence_answer": "It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites <hl> to reflect their distinct brand identities <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6733952b22cd4dfcfbf266"}
-{"question": "In what year did gold extraction turn to more difficult locations?", "paragraph": "By 1853, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 In hydraulic mining, a high-pressure hose directed a powerful stream or jet of water at gold-bearing gravel beds. By the mid-1880s, it is estimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of gold (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) had been recovered by \"hydraulicking\". A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of gravel, silt, heavy metals, and other pollutants went into streams and rivers.:32\u201336 As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life.:116\u2013121", "answer": "1853", "sentence": "By 1853 , most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By 1853 , most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. <hl> Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 In hydraulic mining, a high-pressure hose directed a powerful stream or jet of water at gold-bearing gravel beds. By the mid-1880s, it is estimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of gold (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) had been recovered by \"hydraulicking\". A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of gravel, silt, heavy metals, and other pollutants went into streams and rivers.:32\u201336 As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life.:116\u2013121", "paragraph_answer": "By <hl> 1853 <hl>, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 In hydraulic mining, a high-pressure hose directed a powerful stream or jet of water at gold-bearing gravel beds. By the mid-1880s, it is estimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of gold (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) had been recovered by \"hydraulicking\". A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of gravel, silt, heavy metals, and other pollutants went into streams and rivers.:32\u201336 As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life.:116\u2013121", "sentence_answer": "By <hl> 1853 <hl> , most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773722b22cd4dfcfbfc3e"}
-{"question": "What did Morgenstern mean?", "paragraph": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\".  During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "answer": "morning star", "sentence": "Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\" morning star \"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\").", "paragraph_sentence": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. <hl> Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\" morning star \"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). <hl> In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "paragraph_answer": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"<hl> morning star <hl>\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "sentence_answer": "Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\" <hl> morning star <hl> \"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\").", "paragraph_id": "5d66efdb2b22cd4dfcfbe622"}
-{"question": "What is the term for the slight changes caused by people changing places of work and new people just beginning their job search?", "paragraph": "During the 1940s, the U.S Department of Labor, specifically the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), began collecting employment information via monthly household surveys. Other data series are available back to 1912. The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression. More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948-2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%.  There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. This is referred to as frictional unemployment. For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015.  A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation in theory, as a shortage of workers would bid wages (and thus prices) upward.", "answer": "frictional unemployment", "sentence": "This is referred to as frictional unemployment .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the 1940s, the U.S Department of Labor, specifically the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), began collecting employment information via monthly household surveys. Other data series are available back to 1912. The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression. More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948-2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%. There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. <hl> This is referred to as frictional unemployment . <hl> For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015. A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation in theory, as a shortage of workers would bid wages (and thus prices) upward.", "paragraph_answer": "During the 1940s, the U.S Department of Labor, specifically the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), began collecting employment information via monthly household surveys. Other data series are available back to 1912. The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression. More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948-2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%. There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. This is referred to as <hl> frictional unemployment <hl>. For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015. A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation in theory, as a shortage of workers would bid wages (and thus prices) upward.", "sentence_answer": "This is referred to as <hl> frictional unemployment <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a0a2b22cd4dfcfbeba2"}
-{"question": "When did Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "March 1917", "sentence": "In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl>, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl> , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ea2b22cd4dfcfc058e"}
-{"question": "The manifestation of Neolithic complex began which age?", "paragraph": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c.\u20095,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "answer": "Bronze Age", "sentence": "The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c.\u20095,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age .", "paragraph_sentence": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. <hl> The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the <hl> Bronze Age <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the <hl> Bronze Age <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673aea2b22cd4dfcfbf338"}
-{"question": "What is the spot an ordered pair points out called?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "at ordered pair (0, 0)", "sentence": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0) .", "paragraph_sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. <hl> Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0) . <hl> The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "paragraph_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually <hl> at ordered pair (0, 0) <hl>. The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "sentence_answer": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually <hl> at ordered pair (0, 0) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c702b22cd4dfcfbd6f6"}
-{"question": "In what decade did homeless shelters start popping up?", "paragraph": "The McKinney-Vento Act paved the way for service providers in the coming years. During the 1990s homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation. However, despite these efforts and the dramatic economic growth marked by this decade, homeless numbers remained stubbornly high. It became increasingly apparent that simply providing services to alleviate the symptoms of homelessness (i.e. shelter beds, hot meals, psychiatric counseling, etc.), although needed, were not successful at solving the root causes of homelessness.", "answer": "During the 1990s", "sentence": "During the 1990s homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation.", "paragraph_sentence": "The McKinney-Vento Act paved the way for service providers in the coming years. <hl> During the 1990s homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation. <hl> However, despite these efforts and the dramatic economic growth marked by this decade, homeless numbers remained stubbornly high. It became increasingly apparent that simply providing services to alleviate the symptoms of homelessness (i.e. shelter beds, hot meals, psychiatric counseling, etc.), although needed, were not successful at solving the root causes of homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "The McKinney-Vento Act paved the way for service providers in the coming years. <hl> During the 1990s <hl> homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation. However, despite these efforts and the dramatic economic growth marked by this decade, homeless numbers remained stubbornly high. It became increasingly apparent that simply providing services to alleviate the symptoms of homelessness (i.e. shelter beds, hot meals, psychiatric counseling, etc.), although needed, were not successful at solving the root causes of homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> During the 1990s <hl> homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604552b22cd4dfcfbd5a7"}
-{"question": "How many colonies started preparing war against the British?", "paragraph": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "answer": "13", "sentence": "By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). <hl> By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the <hl> 13 <hl> colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "sentence_answer": "By this point the <hl> 13 <hl> colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_id": "5d67715e2b22cd4dfcfbfbe3"}
-{"question": "Most of the salt in the Baltic Sea is how many meters below sea level?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "answer": "40 to 70 m", "sentence": "It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. <hl> It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. <hl> The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below <hl> 40 to 70 m <hl> (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "sentence_answer": "It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below <hl> 40 to 70 m <hl> (130 to 230 ft) deep.", "paragraph_id": "5d6619032b22cd4dfcfbd880"}
-{"question": "What books did Alvin Toffler publish in 1970 and 1980?", "paragraph": "Leopold Kohr, author of the 1957 book The Breakdown of Nations\u2014known for its statement \u201cWhenever something is wrong, something is too big\u201d\u2014was a major influence on E.F. Schumacher, author of the 1973 bestseller Small is Beautiful:Economics As If People Mattered . In the next few years a number of best-selling books promoted decentralization. Daniel Bell's The Coming of Post-Industrial Society discussed the need for decentralization and a \u201ccomprehensive overhaul of government structure to find the appropriate size and scope of units\u201d, as well as the need to detach functions from current state boundaries, creating regions based on functions like water, transport, education and economics which might have \u201cdifferent \u2018overlays\u2019 on the map.\u201d Alvin Toffler published Future Shock (1970) and The Third Wave (1980). Discussing the books in a later interview, Toffler said that industrial-style, centralized, top-down bureaucratic planning would be replaced by a more open, democratic, decentralized style which he called \u201canticipatory democracy.\u201d Futurist John Naisbitt's 1982 book \u201cMegatrends\u201d was on The New York Times Best Seller list for more than two years and sold 14 million copies. Naisbitt\u2019s book outlines 10 \u201cmegatrends\u201d, the fifth of which is from centralization to decentralization. In 1996 David Osborne and Ted Gaebler had a best selling book Reinventing Government proposing decentralist public administration theories which became labeled the \"New Public Management\".", "answer": "Alvin Toffler published Future Shock (1970) and The Third Wave (1980)", "sentence": "Daniel Bell's The Coming of Post-Industrial Society discussed the need for decentralization and a \u201ccomprehensive overhaul of government structure to find the appropriate size and scope of units\u201d, as well as the need to detach functions from current state boundaries, creating regions based on functions like water, transport, education and economics which might have \u201cdifferent \u2018overlays\u2019 on the map.\u201d Alvin Toffler published Future Shock (1970) and The Third Wave (1980) .", "paragraph_sentence": "Leopold Kohr, author of the 1957 book The Breakdown of Nations\u2014known for its statement \u201cWhenever something is wrong, something is too big\u201d\u2014was a major influence on E.F. Schumacher, author of the 1973 bestseller Small is Beautiful:Economics As If People Mattered . In the next few years a number of best-selling books promoted decentralization. <hl> Daniel Bell's The Coming of Post-Industrial Society discussed the need for decentralization and a \u201ccomprehensive overhaul of government structure to find the appropriate size and scope of units\u201d, as well as the need to detach functions from current state boundaries, creating regions based on functions like water, transport, education and economics which might have \u201cdifferent \u2018overlays\u2019 on the map.\u201d Alvin Toffler published Future Shock (1970) and The Third Wave (1980) . <hl> Discussing the books in a later interview, Toffler said that industrial-style, centralized, top-down bureaucratic planning would be replaced by a more open, democratic, decentralized style which he called \u201canticipatory democracy.\u201d Futurist John Naisbitt's 1982 book \u201cMegatrends\u201d was on The New York Times Best Seller list for more than two years and sold 14 million copies. Naisbitt\u2019s book outlines 10 \u201cmegatrends\u201d, the fifth of which is from centralization to decentralization. In 1996 David Osborne and Ted Gaebler had a best selling book Reinventing Government proposing decentralist public administration theories which became labeled the \"New Public Management\".", "paragraph_answer": "Leopold Kohr, author of the 1957 book The Breakdown of Nations\u2014known for its statement \u201cWhenever something is wrong, something is too big\u201d\u2014was a major influence on E.F. Schumacher, author of the 1973 bestseller Small is Beautiful:Economics As If People Mattered . In the next few years a number of best-selling books promoted decentralization. Daniel Bell's The Coming of Post-Industrial Society discussed the need for decentralization and a \u201ccomprehensive overhaul of government structure to find the appropriate size and scope of units\u201d, as well as the need to detach functions from current state boundaries, creating regions based on functions like water, transport, education and economics which might have \u201cdifferent \u2018overlays\u2019 on the map.\u201d <hl> Alvin Toffler published Future Shock (1970) and The Third Wave (1980) <hl>. Discussing the books in a later interview, Toffler said that industrial-style, centralized, top-down bureaucratic planning would be replaced by a more open, democratic, decentralized style which he called \u201canticipatory democracy.\u201d Futurist John Naisbitt's 1982 book \u201cMegatrends\u201d was on The New York Times Best Seller list for more than two years and sold 14 million copies. Naisbitt\u2019s book outlines 10 \u201cmegatrends\u201d, the fifth of which is from centralization to decentralization. In 1996 David Osborne and Ted Gaebler had a best selling book Reinventing Government proposing decentralist public administration theories which became labeled the \"New Public Management\".", "sentence_answer": "Daniel Bell's The Coming of Post-Industrial Society discussed the need for decentralization and a \u201ccomprehensive overhaul of government structure to find the appropriate size and scope of units\u201d, as well as the need to detach functions from current state boundaries, creating regions based on functions like water, transport, education and economics which might have \u201cdifferent \u2018overlays\u2019 on the map.\u201d <hl> Alvin Toffler published Future Shock (1970) and The Third Wave (1980) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66664f2b22cd4dfcfbdde6"}
-{"question": "What does the U.S. Virgin Islands call municipalities?", "paragraph": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "answer": "Districts", "sentence": "Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts , American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "paragraph_sentence": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. <hl> Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts , American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term <hl> Districts <hl>, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "sentence_answer": "Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term <hl> Districts <hl> , American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771d92b22cd4dfcfbfc01"}
-{"question": "If the definition has parentheses what does it mean for each formula?", "paragraph": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "answer": "there is a unique parse tree", "sentence": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). <hl> This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, <hl> there is a unique parse tree <hl> for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "sentence_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, <hl> there is a unique parse tree <hl> for each formula).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d42b22cd4dfcfbccce"}
-{"question": "Rotterdam was ranked what in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to visit?", "paragraph": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "answer": "listed 8th", "sentence": "Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. <hl> Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was <hl> listed 8th <hl> in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "sentence_answer": "Recently Rotterdam was <hl> listed 8th <hl> in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcd92b22cd4dfcfbe93a"}
-{"question": "What failed in 1982?", "paragraph": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "answer": "adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution", "sentence": "However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. <hl> However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. However, in 1982 <hl> adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution <hl> failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "sentence_answer": "However, in 1982 <hl> adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution <hl> failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f512b22cd4dfcfbfd81"}
-{"question": "What two adjectives describe modernistic music?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "rigidity and aesthetic limitations", "sentence": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the <hl> rigidity and aesthetic limitations <hl> of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the <hl> rigidity and aesthetic limitations <hl> of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf090"}
-{"question": "In what year did the Gallup poll begin to collect figures on party identification?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "1991", "sentence": "The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. <hl> The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991 . <hl> In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in <hl> 1991 <hl>. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in <hl> 1991 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673dac2b22cd4dfcfbf3c0"}
-{"question": "What is the most common coordinate system in computer graphics?", "paragraph": "Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "answer": "Cartesian coordinates", "sentence": "Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. <hl> A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates <hl> are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates <hl> are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c0f2b22cd4dfcfbd905"}
-{"question": "What is the possessive plural of the acronym CD?", "paragraph": "Multiple options arise when acronyms are spelled with periods and are pluralized: for example, whether compact discs may become C.D.'s, C.D.s, or CDs. Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the C.D.'s' labels (the labels of the compact discs). This is yet another reason to use apostrophes only for possessives and not for plurals. In some instances, however, an apostrophe may increase clarity: for example, if the final letter of an abbreviation is S, as in SOS's (although abbreviations ending with S can also take -es, e.g. SOSes), or when pluralizing an abbreviation that has periods. However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations, preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "answer": "C.D.'s'", "sentence": "Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the C.D.'s' labels (the labels of the compact discs).", "paragraph_sentence": "Multiple options arise when acronyms are spelled with periods and are pluralized: for example, whether compact discs may become C.D.'s, C.D.s, or CDs. <hl> Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the C.D.'s' labels (the labels of the compact discs). <hl> This is yet another reason to use apostrophes only for possessives and not for plurals. In some instances, however, an apostrophe may increase clarity: for example, if the final letter of an abbreviation is S, as in SOS's (although abbreviations ending with S can also take -es, e.g. SOSes), or when pluralizing an abbreviation that has periods. However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations, preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "paragraph_answer": "Multiple options arise when acronyms are spelled with periods and are pluralized: for example, whether compact discs may become C.D.'s, C.D.s, or CDs. Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the <hl> C.D.'s' <hl> labels (the labels of the compact discs). This is yet another reason to use apostrophes only for possessives and not for plurals. In some instances, however, an apostrophe may increase clarity: for example, if the final letter of an abbreviation is S, as in SOS's (although abbreviations ending with S can also take -es, e.g. SOSes), or when pluralizing an abbreviation that has periods. However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations, preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "sentence_answer": "Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the <hl> C.D.'s' <hl> labels (the labels of the compact discs).", "paragraph_id": "5d65a9df2b22cd4dfcfbcaf3"}
-{"question": "When did Britain ban the slave trade?", "paragraph": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "answer": "1807,", "sentence": "Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807).", "paragraph_sentence": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. <hl> Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). <hl> The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "paragraph_answer": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in <hl> 1807, <hl> imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "sentence_answer": "Britain banned the slave trade in <hl> 1807, <hl> imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807).", "paragraph_id": "5d66bb422b22cd4dfcfbe486"}
-{"question": "In 2006, how many jobs did the arts, film, history, and tourism segments generate for Connecticut?", "paragraph": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "answer": "170,000 jobs annually", "sentence": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually . <hl> This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and <hl> 170,000 jobs annually <hl>. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and <hl> 170,000 jobs annually <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6669a62b22cd4dfcfbde4e"}
-{"question": "What is the legal limit on exposure to tin in the workplace?", "paragraph": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "answer": "2 mg/m3", "sentence": "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday.", "paragraph_sentence": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. <hl> The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. <hl> The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "paragraph_answer": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as <hl> 2 mg/m3 <hl> over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "sentence_answer": "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as <hl> 2 mg/m3 <hl> over an 8-hour workday.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e7f2b22cd4dfcfbf5ed"}
-{"question": "What type of load is a column capable of carrying?", "paragraph": "The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa. This is represented on an interaction chart and is a complex non-linear relationship.", "answer": "axial", "sentence": "The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa. <hl> This is represented on an interaction chart and is a complex non-linear relationship.", "paragraph_answer": "The capacity of a column to carry <hl> axial <hl> load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa. This is represented on an interaction chart and is a complex non-linear relationship.", "sentence_answer": "The capacity of a column to carry <hl> axial <hl> load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa.", "paragraph_id": "5d681f672b22cd4dfcfc05d2"}
-{"question": "What parties besides Green have seats on the crossbench", "paragraph": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "answer": "the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party", "sentence": "The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party , and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. <hl> The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party , and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. <hl> The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "paragraph_answer": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for <hl> the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party <hl>, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "sentence_answer": "The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for <hl> the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party <hl> , and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6412b22cd4dfcfbcca0"}
-{"question": "What term is associated to Cotton Mather?", "paragraph": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "answer": "Connecticotian", "sentence": "There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \" Connecticotian \" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" <hl> There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \" Connecticotian \" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. <hl> \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"<hl> Connecticotian <hl>\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "sentence_answer": "There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \" <hl> Connecticotian <hl> \" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8852b22cd4dfcfbd489"}
-{"question": "Who provided services to the farming population in 1750?", "paragraph": "By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population. Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages. There they built and repaired goods needed by farm families. Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. The storekeepers of these shops sold their imported goods in exchange for crops and other local products including roof shingles, potash, and barrel staves. These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast. Enterprising men set up stables and taverns along wagon roads to service this transportation system.", "answer": "a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants", "sentence": "By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population. <hl> Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages. There they built and repaired goods needed by farm families. Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. The storekeepers of these shops sold their imported goods in exchange for crops and other local products including roof shingles, potash, and barrel staves. These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast. Enterprising men set up stables and taverns along wagon roads to service this transportation system.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1750, <hl> a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants <hl> provided services to the growing farming population. Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages. There they built and repaired goods needed by farm families. Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. The storekeepers of these shops sold their imported goods in exchange for crops and other local products including roof shingles, potash, and barrel staves. These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast. Enterprising men set up stables and taverns along wagon roads to service this transportation system.", "sentence_answer": "By 1750, <hl> a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants <hl> provided services to the growing farming population.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3302b22cd4dfcfbcbf8"}
-{"question": "What is the value of X in the function f(x) = 1/x?", "paragraph": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.  For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line.  The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "answer": "x = 0", "sentence": " For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0 , since division by zero is not defined.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. <hl> For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0 , since division by zero is not defined. <hl> Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "paragraph_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for <hl> x = 0 <hl>, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "sentence_answer": " For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for <hl> x = 0 <hl> , since division by zero is not defined.", "paragraph_id": "5d66c5a42b22cd4dfcfbe4a2"}
-{"question": "What subsection of the Office of Planning and Management is responsible for coordinating regional planning with the administrative bodies of the planning regions?", "paragraph": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "answer": "Intragovernmental Policy Division", "sentence": "The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. <hl> The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. <hl> Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The <hl> Intragovernmental Policy Division <hl> of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Intragovernmental Policy Division <hl> of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8772b22cd4dfcfbd226"}
-{"question": "Who was the mother of the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "\"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedb6"}
-{"question": "What religious sect was this city paramount for it's growth?", "paragraph": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "answer": "It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times", "sentence": "It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "paragraph_sentence": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. <hl> It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. <hl> It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times <hl>, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times <hl> , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de7f2b22cd4dfcfbd015"}
-{"question": "How long did Oxford United take to reach top division?", "paragraph": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "answer": "23 years", "sentence": "They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. <hl> They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. <hl> They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "paragraph_answer": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 <hl> 23 years <hl> after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "sentence_answer": "They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 <hl> 23 years <hl> after joining the Football League.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b9b2b22cd4dfcfbf369"}
-{"question": "Which area spotted floating ice in January 2010?", "paragraph": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "answer": "\u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour", "sentence": "However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. <hl> However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near <hl> \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour <hl> in January 2010.", "sentence_answer": "However, floating ice was additionally observed near <hl> \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour <hl> in January 2010.", "paragraph_id": "5d661af52b22cd4dfcfbd8d2"}
-{"question": "Where is the last name commonly placed Hungary?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "answer": "is placed before a person's given name.", "sentence": "In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. <hl> In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name <hl> is placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name <hl> is placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d67edaf2b22cd4dfcfc040d"}
-{"question": "How many total championships did Marie Braun win?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as 14 time national champ, she broke 6 world records. Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "answer": "14 time national champ", "sentence": "In her career as 14 time national champ , she broke 6 world records.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. <hl> In her career as 14 time national champ , she broke 6 world records. <hl> Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as <hl> 14 time national champ <hl>, she broke 6 world records. Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "sentence_answer": "In her career as <hl> 14 time national champ <hl> , she broke 6 world records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6730922b22cd4dfcfbf219"}
-{"question": "When did Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "March 1917", "sentence": "In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl>, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl> , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815dd2b22cd4dfcfc0576"}
-{"question": "Who is Michael E. Arth?", "paragraph": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\"  His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "answer": "Homeless advocate and urban designer", "sentence": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. <hl> As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer <hl> Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer <hl> Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d972b22cd4dfcfbdca0"}
-{"question": "When did the Senate regain?", "paragraph": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "answer": "in the 2002 elections", "sentence": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections . <hl> Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "paragraph_answer": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained <hl> in the 2002 elections <hl>. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "sentence_answer": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained <hl> in the 2002 elections <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6748f82b22cd4dfcfbf4fe"}
-{"question": "Which Senator has a History Center that can be visited for free with a Pitt ID?", "paragraph": "Pitt Arts is a program founded by the University in 1997 to encourage students to explore and connect to the art and cultural opportunities of the City of Pittsburgh via three programs. Art Encounters provides trips to arts events for undergrads that include free tickets, transportation, a catered reception, and encounters with international artists and thinkers. Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator John Heinz History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum.", "answer": "John Heinz", "sentence": "Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator John Heinz History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum.", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt Arts is a program founded by the University in 1997 to encourage students to explore and connect to the art and cultural opportunities of the City of Pittsburgh via three programs. Art Encounters provides trips to arts events for undergrads that include free tickets, transportation, a catered reception, and encounters with international artists and thinkers. <hl> Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator John Heinz History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt Arts is a program founded by the University in 1997 to encourage students to explore and connect to the art and cultural opportunities of the City of Pittsburgh via three programs. Art Encounters provides trips to arts events for undergrads that include free tickets, transportation, a catered reception, and encounters with international artists and thinkers. Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator <hl> John Heinz <hl> History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum.", "sentence_answer": "Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator <hl> John Heinz <hl> History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum.", "paragraph_id": "5d676e692b22cd4dfcfbfb69"}
-{"question": "What is the official title of the person who runs the highest court in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "answer": "Chief Justice of Connecticut", "sentence": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut . <hl> The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "paragraph_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the <hl> Chief Justice of Connecticut <hl>. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "sentence_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the <hl> Chief Justice of Connecticut <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e58c2b22cd4dfcfbd19b"}
-{"question": "When did the Istanbul Stock Exchange move to the Sanyar district?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange  was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul)  moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "answer": "1995", "sentence": "In 1995 , the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul)  moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. <hl> In 1995 , the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. <hl> A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In <hl> 1995 <hl>, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1995 <hl> , the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0cf2b22cd4dfcfbd34d"}
-{"question": "Which historian's methodology and accuracy has come under scrutiny?", "paragraph": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "answer": "Rodney", "sentence": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney 's methodology and accuracy.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Other historians have attacked both Rodney 's methodology and accuracy. <hl> Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "paragraph_answer": "Other historians have attacked both <hl> Rodney <hl>'s methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "sentence_answer": "Other historians have attacked both <hl> Rodney <hl> 's methodology and accuracy.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b632b22cd4dfcfbde76"}
-{"question": "Owen believes what are manufactured and sold by firms?", "paragraph": "According to Bruce M. Owen, this does not mean that all firms themselves have to be equally decentralized. He writes: \"markets allocate resources through arms-length transactions among decentralized actors. Much of the time, markets work very efficiently, but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. Hence, goods and services are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\" Additionally, he writes that the \"economic incentive to expand horizontally or vertically is usually, but not always, compatible with the social interest in maximizing long-run consumer welfare.\" When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary.", "answer": "goods and services", "sentence": "Hence, goods and services are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Bruce M. Owen, this does not mean that all firms themselves have to be equally decentralized. He writes: \"markets allocate resources through arms-length transactions among decentralized actors. Much of the time, markets work very efficiently, but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. <hl> Hence, goods and services are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\" <hl> Additionally, he writes that the \"economic incentive to expand horizontally or vertically is usually, but not always, compatible with the social interest in maximizing long-run consumer welfare.\" When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Bruce M. Owen, this does not mean that all firms themselves have to be equally decentralized. He writes: \"markets allocate resources through arms-length transactions among decentralized actors. Much of the time, markets work very efficiently, but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. Hence, <hl> goods and services <hl> are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\" Additionally, he writes that the \"economic incentive to expand horizontally or vertically is usually, but not always, compatible with the social interest in maximizing long-run consumer welfare.\" When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary.", "sentence_answer": "Hence, <hl> goods and services <hl> are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc422b22cd4dfcfbcf72"}
-{"question": "What does that interpretation also determine?", "paragraph": "An interpretation of a first-order language assigns a denotation to all non-logical constants in that language. It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers. The result is that each term is assigned an object that it represents, and each sentence is assigned a truth value. In this way, an interpretation provides semantic meaning to the terms and formulas of the language. The study of the interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics. What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic. (It is also possible to define game semantics for first-order logic, but aside from requiring the axiom of choice, game semantics agree with Tarskian semantics for first-order logic, so game semantics will not be elaborated herein.)", "answer": "It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers", "sentence": "It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers .", "paragraph_sentence": "An interpretation of a first-order language assigns a denotation to all non-logical constants in that language. <hl> It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers . <hl> The result is that each term is assigned an object that it represents, and each sentence is assigned a truth value. In this way, an interpretation provides semantic meaning to the terms and formulas of the language. The study of the interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics. What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic. (It is also possible to define game semantics for first-order logic, but aside from requiring the axiom of choice, game semantics agree with Tarskian semantics for first-order logic, so game semantics will not be elaborated herein.)", "paragraph_answer": "An interpretation of a first-order language assigns a denotation to all non-logical constants in that language. <hl> It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers <hl>. The result is that each term is assigned an object that it represents, and each sentence is assigned a truth value. In this way, an interpretation provides semantic meaning to the terms and formulas of the language. The study of the interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics. What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic. (It is also possible to define game semantics for first-order logic, but aside from requiring the axiom of choice, game semantics agree with Tarskian semantics for first-order logic, so game semantics will not be elaborated herein.)", "sentence_answer": "<hl> It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d663f2f2b22cd4dfcfbdb7f"}
-{"question": "What are FBI and HTML an example of?", "paragraph": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word, in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters).\nSome dictionaries include additional senses equating acronym with initialism. The distinction, when made, hinges on whether the abbreviation is pronounced as a word or as a string of individual letters. Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for initialisms. The rest of this article uses acronym for both types of abbreviation.", "answer": "initialisms", "sentence": "Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for initialisms .", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word, in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters). Some dictionaries include additional senses equating acronym with initialism. The distinction, when made, hinges on whether the abbreviation is pronounced as a word or as a string of individual letters. <hl> Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for initialisms . <hl> The rest of this article uses acronym for both types of abbreviation.", "paragraph_answer": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word, in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters). Some dictionaries include additional senses equating acronym with initialism. The distinction, when made, hinges on whether the abbreviation is pronounced as a word or as a string of individual letters. Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for <hl> initialisms <hl>. The rest of this article uses acronym for both types of abbreviation.", "sentence_answer": "Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for <hl> initialisms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ac782b22cd4dfcfbcb06"}
-{"question": "Where was Lloyd's located?", "paragraph": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio  of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable.   This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.  As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "answer": "London", "sentence": "  This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London , will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. <hl> This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London , will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. <hl> As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "paragraph_answer": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of <hl> London <hl>, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "sentence_answer": " This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of <hl> London <hl> , will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8432b22cd4dfcfbcd14"}
-{"question": "Have other states used these same plans?", "paragraph": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. Many communities and states across the country have created these plans and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "answer": "Many communities and states across the country have created these plans", "sentence": "Many communities and states across the country have created these plans and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. <hl> Many communities and states across the country have created these plans and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. <hl> Many communities and states across the country have created these plans <hl> and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Many communities and states across the country have created these plans <hl> and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "paragraph_id": "5d6606412b22cd4dfcfbd5ec"}
-{"question": "What is antagonistic to individual freedom?", "paragraph": "Accordingly, libertarian socialists believe that \"the exercise of power in any institutionalized form\u2014whether economic, political, religious, or sexual\u2014brutalizes both the wielder of power and the one over whom it is exercised\". Libertarian socialists generally place their hopes in decentralized means of direct democracy such as libertarian municipalism, citizens' assemblies, or workers' councils. Libertarian socialists are strongly critical of coercive institutions, which often leads them to reject the legitimacy of the state in favor of anarchism. Adherents propose achieving this through decentralization of political and economic power, usually involving the socialization of most large-scale private property and enterprise (while retaining respect for personal property). Libertarian socialism tends to deny the legitimacy of most forms of economically significant private property, viewing capitalist property relations as forms of domination that are antagonistic to individual freedom.", "answer": "capitalist property relations", "sentence": "Libertarian socialism tends to deny the legitimacy of most forms of economically significant private property, viewing capitalist property relations as forms of domination that are antagonistic to individual freedom.", "paragraph_sentence": "Accordingly, libertarian socialists believe that \"the exercise of power in any institutionalized form\u2014whether economic, political, religious, or sexual\u2014brutalizes both the wielder of power and the one over whom it is exercised\". Libertarian socialists generally place their hopes in decentralized means of direct democracy such as libertarian municipalism, citizens' assemblies, or workers' councils. Libertarian socialists are strongly critical of coercive institutions, which often leads them to reject the legitimacy of the state in favor of anarchism. Adherents propose achieving this through decentralization of political and economic power, usually involving the socialization of most large-scale private property and enterprise (while retaining respect for personal property). <hl> Libertarian socialism tends to deny the legitimacy of most forms of economically significant private property, viewing capitalist property relations as forms of domination that are antagonistic to individual freedom. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Accordingly, libertarian socialists believe that \"the exercise of power in any institutionalized form\u2014whether economic, political, religious, or sexual\u2014brutalizes both the wielder of power and the one over whom it is exercised\". Libertarian socialists generally place their hopes in decentralized means of direct democracy such as libertarian municipalism, citizens' assemblies, or workers' councils. Libertarian socialists are strongly critical of coercive institutions, which often leads them to reject the legitimacy of the state in favor of anarchism. Adherents propose achieving this through decentralization of political and economic power, usually involving the socialization of most large-scale private property and enterprise (while retaining respect for personal property). Libertarian socialism tends to deny the legitimacy of most forms of economically significant private property, viewing <hl> capitalist property relations <hl> as forms of domination that are antagonistic to individual freedom.", "sentence_answer": "Libertarian socialism tends to deny the legitimacy of most forms of economically significant private property, viewing <hl> capitalist property relations <hl> as forms of domination that are antagonistic to individual freedom.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc5f2b22cd4dfcfbcf87"}
-{"question": "What is the new name given to Bay of Santa Margarita?", "paragraph": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "answer": "New York Bay", "sentence": "He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_sentence": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. <hl> He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper <hl> New York Bay <hl> \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "sentence_answer": "He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper <hl> New York Bay <hl> \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5632b22cd4dfcfc03cc"}
-{"question": "What role does a structual engineer play?", "paragraph": "The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and often the sole designer. In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer).", "answer": "lead designer on these structures", "sentence": "The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures , and often the sole designer.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures , and often the sole designer. <hl> In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer).", "paragraph_answer": "The structural engineer is the <hl> lead designer on these structures <hl>, and often the sole designer. In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer).", "sentence_answer": "The structural engineer is the <hl> lead designer on these structures <hl> , and often the sole designer.", "paragraph_id": "5d672a912b22cd4dfcfbf14c"}
-{"question": "What shore of the Baltic's was among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity?", "paragraph": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "answer": "eastern shore", "sentence": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. <hl> This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "paragraph_answer": "The lands on the Baltic's <hl> eastern shore <hl> were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "sentence_answer": "The lands on the Baltic's <hl> eastern shore <hl> were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity.", "paragraph_id": "5d665e2f2b22cd4dfcfbdcb4"}
-{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedd7"}
-{"question": "When did Connecticut pick up an official nickname?", "paragraph": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "answer": "1959", "sentence": "Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959 , is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" <hl> Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959 , is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. <hl> Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in <hl> 1959 <hl>, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in <hl> 1959 <hl> , is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7ab2b22cd4dfcfbd46b"}
-{"question": "What was New England's population in 1725?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "250,000", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to <hl> 250,000 <hl> in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to <hl> 250,000 <hl> in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0692b22cd4dfcfbcb68"}
-{"question": "What type of economics do Conservatives endorse?", "paragraph": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics.", "answer": "Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics", "sentence": "Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics .", "paragraph_sentence": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. <hl> Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. <hl> Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc7d2b22cd4dfcfbe91e"}
-{"question": "When did Istanbul establish as a artistic center?", "paragraph": "By the end of the 19th century, Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city. Despite efforts to make Ankara Turkey's cultural heart, Istanbul had the country's primary institution of art until the 1970s. When additional universities and art journals were founded in Istanbul during the 1980s, artists formerly based in Ankara moved in. Beyo\u011flu has been transformed into the artistic center of the city, with young artists and older Turkish artists formerly residing abroad finding footing there. Modern art museums, including \u0130stanbul Modern, the Pera Museum, Sak\u0131p Sabanc\u0131 Museum and SantralIstanbul, opened in the 2000s to complement the exhibition spaces and auction houses that have already contributed to the cosmopolitan nature of the city. These museums have yet to attain the popularity of older museums on the historic peninsula, including the Istanbul Archaeology Museums, which ushered in the era of modern museums in Turkey, and the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum.", "answer": "By the end of the 19th century", "sentence": "By the end of the 19th century , Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the end of the 19th century , Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city. <hl> Despite efforts to make Ankara Turkey's cultural heart, Istanbul had the country's primary institution of art until the 1970s. When additional universities and art journals were founded in Istanbul during the 1980s, artists formerly based in Ankara moved in. Beyo\u011flu has been transformed into the artistic center of the city, with young artists and older Turkish artists formerly residing abroad finding footing there. Modern art museums, including \u0130stanbul Modern, the Pera Museum, Sak\u0131p Sabanc\u0131 Museum and SantralIstanbul, opened in the 2000s to complement the exhibition spaces and auction houses that have already contributed to the cosmopolitan nature of the city. These museums have yet to attain the popularity of older museums on the historic peninsula, including the Istanbul Archaeology Museums, which ushered in the era of modern museums in Turkey, and the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> By the end of the 19th century <hl>, Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city. Despite efforts to make Ankara Turkey's cultural heart, Istanbul had the country's primary institution of art until the 1970s. When additional universities and art journals were founded in Istanbul during the 1980s, artists formerly based in Ankara moved in. Beyo\u011flu has been transformed into the artistic center of the city, with young artists and older Turkish artists formerly residing abroad finding footing there. Modern art museums, including \u0130stanbul Modern, the Pera Museum, Sak\u0131p Sabanc\u0131 Museum and SantralIstanbul, opened in the 2000s to complement the exhibition spaces and auction houses that have already contributed to the cosmopolitan nature of the city. These museums have yet to attain the popularity of older museums on the historic peninsula, including the Istanbul Archaeology Museums, which ushered in the era of modern museums in Turkey, and the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> By the end of the 19th century <hl> , Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fa4a2b22cd4dfcfbd4b6"}
-{"question": "Where can you find Theodosius' obelisk?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "Sultanahmet Square", "sentence": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square , and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. <hl> The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square , and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. <hl> The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in <hl> Sultanahmet Square <hl>, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in <hl> Sultanahmet Square <hl> , and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b4172b22cd4dfcfbe408"}
-{"question": "Which part of Manhattan was considered to be especially cramped and dirty?", "paragraph": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "answer": "Lower East Side", "sentence": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side , densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side , densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. <hl> Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the <hl> Lower East Side <hl>, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "sentence_answer": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the <hl> Lower East Side <hl> , densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing.", "paragraph_id": "5d673ba22b22cd4dfcfbf37a"}
-{"question": "What percentage of the inhabitants were slaves?", "paragraph": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "answer": "40 percent", "sentence": "Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent , were slaves.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. <hl> Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent , were slaves. <hl> The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "paragraph_answer": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or <hl> 40 percent <hl>, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "sentence_answer": "Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or <hl> 40 percent <hl> , were slaves.", "paragraph_id": "5d660d6d2b22cd4dfcfbd732"}
-{"question": "Who frequently goes to the Princes' Islands?", "paragraph": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "answer": "Istanbulites and foreign tourists", "sentence": "Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists .", "paragraph_sentence": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. <hl> Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among <hl> Istanbulites and foreign tourists <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among <hl> Istanbulites and foreign tourists <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb8f2b22cd4dfcfbd2a3"}
-{"question": "What is osteoprotegerin?", "paragraph": "A fairly recent emphasis is on the link between low-grade inflammation that hallmarks atherosclerosis and its possible interventions. C-reactive protein is a common inflammatory marker that has been found to be present in increased levels in patients who are at risk for cardiovascular disease.  Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "answer": "risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "sentence": " Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "paragraph_sentence": "A fairly recent emphasis is on the link between low-grade inflammation that hallmarks atherosclerosis and its possible interventions. C-reactive protein is a common inflammatory marker that has been found to be present in increased levels in patients who are at risk for cardiovascular disease. <hl> Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A fairly recent emphasis is on the link between low-grade inflammation that hallmarks atherosclerosis and its possible interventions. C-reactive protein is a common inflammatory marker that has been found to be present in increased levels in patients who are at risk for cardiovascular disease. Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a <hl> risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. <hl>", "sentence_answer": " Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a <hl> risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6663412b22cd4dfcfbdd53"}
-{"question": "What type of cooling happens when air rises and expands?", "paragraph": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.  Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath.  Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "answer": "Adiabatic", "sentence": "Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. <hl> Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. <hl> The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "paragraph_answer": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. <hl> Adiabatic <hl> cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Adiabatic <hl> cooling occurs when air rises and expands.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ce8a2b22cd4dfcfc025d"}
-{"question": "When was Istanbul linked up to Europe via railroad?", "paragraph": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "answer": "the 1880s", "sentence": "Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s .", "paragraph_sentence": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. <hl> Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s . <hl> Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in <hl> the 1880s <hl>. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "sentence_answer": "Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in <hl> the 1880s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4872b22cd4dfcfbd16b"}
-{"question": "When did the school achieve university status?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "1819", "sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. <hl> The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in <hl> 1819 <hl> the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in <hl> 1819 <hl> the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe906"}
-{"question": "What percentage of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking?", "paragraph": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "answer": "10%", "sentence": "Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. <hl> Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately <hl> 10% <hl> of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "sentence_answer": "Approximately <hl> 10% <hl> of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_id": "5d65bf9f2b22cd4dfcfbcb42"}
-{"question": "Where is the headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church located?", "paragraph": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians. Since 1601, the Patriarchate has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox or members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city. Because of events during the 20th century\u2014including the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, a 1942 wealth tax, and the 1955 Istanbul riots\u2014the Greek population, originally centered in Fener and Samatya, has decreased substantially. At the start of the 21st century, Istanbul's Greek population numbered 3,000 (down from 130,000 in 1923 and 260,000 according to the Ottoman Census of 1910 of 850,000 total). There are today between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul, down from 164,000 in 1913 partly due to the Armenian Genocide. Christians made up half the population of the city in 1910.", "answer": "in the city", "sentence": "The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians. Since 1601, the Patriarchate has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox or members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. <hl> The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city . <hl> Because of events during the 20th century\u2014including the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, a 1942 wealth tax, and the 1955 Istanbul riots\u2014the Greek population, originally centered in Fener and Samatya, has decreased substantially. At the start of the 21st century, Istanbul's Greek population numbered 3,000 (down from 130,000 in 1923 and 260,000 according to the Ottoman Census of 1910 of 850,000 total). There are today between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul, down from 164,000 in 1913 partly due to the Armenian Genocide. Christians made up half the population of the city in 1910.", "paragraph_answer": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians. Since 1601, the Patriarchate has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox or members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located <hl> in the city <hl>. Because of events during the 20th century\u2014including the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, a 1942 wealth tax, and the 1955 Istanbul riots\u2014the Greek population, originally centered in Fener and Samatya, has decreased substantially. At the start of the 21st century, Istanbul's Greek population numbered 3,000 (down from 130,000 in 1923 and 260,000 according to the Ottoman Census of 1910 of 850,000 total). There are today between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul, down from 164,000 in 1913 partly due to the Armenian Genocide. Christians made up half the population of the city in 1910.", "sentence_answer": "The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located <hl> in the city <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0572b22cd4dfcfbe660"}
-{"question": "When would you be unable to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X with f(A)?", "paragraph": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.  In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "answer": "the domain is also an element of the domain", "sentence": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain . <hl> In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_answer": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of <hl> the domain is also an element of the domain <hl>. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "sentence_answer": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of <hl> the domain is also an element of the domain <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c212b22cd4dfcfbd6e4"}
-{"question": "where was the city of Sis in todays map?", "paragraph": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there. The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "answer": "the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey)", "sentence": "Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there. The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. <hl> Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there. The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, <hl> the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) <hl> was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "sentence_answer": "Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, <hl> the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) <hl> was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "paragraph_id": "5d65727f2b22cd4dfcfbc8f4"}
-{"question": "What is the Dutch named for New Netherland?", "paragraph": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s.\nTraces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "answer": "Nieuw-Nederland", "sentence": "Nieuw-Nederland , or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Nieuw-Nederland , or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. <hl> The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Nieuw-Nederland <hl>, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Nieuw-Nederland <hl> , or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e59a2b22cd4dfcfbd1a4"}
-{"question": "How many Panther's guard the Hollow bridge?", "paragraph": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "answer": "four", "sentence": "The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. <hl> The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. <hl> Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "paragraph_answer": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are <hl> four <hl> panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "sentence_answer": "The oldest representations are <hl> four <hl> panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8642b22cd4dfcfbe874"}
-{"question": "What do people typically base their moral judgements of intentional harms on aside from the action outcome itself?", "paragraph": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral\njudgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why\nwere moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other\nmorally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either\naccount, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "answer": "intentions and beliefs", "sentence": "On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs .", "paragraph_sentence": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. <hl> On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs . <hl> So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "paragraph_answer": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's <hl> intentions and beliefs <hl>. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "sentence_answer": "On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's <hl> intentions and beliefs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6754ac2b22cd4dfcfbf73e"}
-{"question": "What does a player get if the defender tries to cover the puck in the crease?", "paragraph": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "answer": "penalty shot", "sentence": "A \" penalty shot \" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A \" penalty shot \" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". <hl> A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "paragraph_answer": "A \"<hl> penalty shot <hl>\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "sentence_answer": "A \" <hl> penalty shot <hl> \" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6639982b22cd4dfcfbdb20"}
-{"question": "Granting women control over property came into conflict with what?", "paragraph": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage.", "answer": "English law", "sentence": "German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law .", "paragraph_sentence": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. <hl> German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law . <hl> Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage.", "paragraph_answer": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local <hl> English law <hl>. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage.", "sentence_answer": "German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local <hl> English law <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6689502b22cd4dfcfbe20b"}
-{"question": "What happened in 1980?", "paragraph": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "answer": "In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings.", "sentence": "In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. <hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. <hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. <hl> The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. <hl> The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702d92b22cd4dfcfbea52"}
-{"question": "How many Africans were killed during the voyages of the Middle Passage?", "paragraph": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "answer": "2.2 million", "sentence": "Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time.", "paragraph_sentence": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. <hl> Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. <hl> Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "paragraph_answer": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around <hl> 2.2 million <hl> Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "sentence_answer": "Around <hl> 2.2 million <hl> Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8cf2b22cd4dfcfbceed"}
-{"question": "What is it relevant to?", "paragraph": "Fiscal decentralization means decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility.  While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to unitary, federal and confederal governments. Fiscal federalism also concerns the \"vertical imbalances\" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels.  It actually can be a way of increasing central government control of lower levels of government, if it is not linked to other kinds of responsibilities and authority.", "answer": "unitary, federal and confederal governments", "sentence": " While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to unitary, federal and confederal governments .", "paragraph_sentence": "Fiscal decentralization means decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility. <hl> While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to unitary, federal and confederal governments . <hl> Fiscal federalism also concerns the \"vertical imbalances\" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels. It actually can be a way of increasing central government control of lower levels of government, if it is not linked to other kinds of responsibilities and authority.", "paragraph_answer": "Fiscal decentralization means decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility. While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to <hl> unitary, federal and confederal governments <hl>. Fiscal federalism also concerns the \"vertical imbalances\" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels. It actually can be a way of increasing central government control of lower levels of government, if it is not linked to other kinds of responsibilities and authority.", "sentence_answer": " While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to <hl> unitary, federal and confederal governments <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660d0a2b22cd4dfcfbd722"}
-{"question": "Why is the use of global variables generally deemed unwise?", "paragraph": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "answer": "because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables", "sentence": "For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables .", "paragraph_sentence": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. <hl> For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables . <hl> If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "paragraph_answer": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, <hl> because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables <hl>. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, <hl> because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e04a2b22cd4dfcfc036e"}
-{"question": "In what systems do restrictions reduce axiom schemas?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "deductive", "sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. <hl> The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in <hl> deductive <hl> systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in <hl> deductive <hl> systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e69f2b22cd4dfcfbe502"}
-{"question": "Where did 20,000 people work in Oxford during the 1970s?", "paragraph": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "answer": "Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher", "sentence": "By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. <hl> By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. <hl> By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "paragraph_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge <hl> Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher <hl> plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "sentence_answer": "By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge <hl> Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher <hl> plants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6761932b22cd4dfcfbf957"}
-{"question": "What was the job of the person who came up with the idea for the name of the Republican party?", "paragraph": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "answer": "party's leading publicist", "sentence": "The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican'", "paragraph_sentence": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. <hl> The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' <hl> [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "paragraph_answer": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the <hl> party's leading publicist <hl> Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "sentence_answer": "The idea for the name came from an editorial by the <hl> party's leading publicist <hl> Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican'", "paragraph_id": "5d6735f92b22cd4dfcfbf29b"}
-{"question": "What year was the the high rise White House office building in Dutch Witte Huis completed?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "1898", "sentence": "In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl>, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl> , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ae02b22cd4dfcfbf168"}
-{"question": "What societal monetary concern is potentially addressed by a decentralized approach?", "paragraph": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "answer": "economic decline", "sentence": "Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline , government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. <hl> Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline , government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. <hl> The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like <hl> economic decline <hl>, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like <hl> economic decline <hl> , government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ed3b2b22cd4dfcfbd2d4"}
-{"question": "What does a high relief imply?", "paragraph": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used.  The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements.  There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below).  However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "answer": "more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas", "sentence": " The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas , mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. <hl> The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas , mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements. <hl> There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below). However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "paragraph_answer": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where <hl> more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas <hl>, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements. There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below). However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "sentence_answer": " The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where <hl> more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas <hl> , mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4cd2b22cd4dfcfbe771"}
-{"question": "What is another theory for how moral judgements are made that do not take belief into account?", "paragraph": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral\njudgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why\nwere moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other\nmorally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either\naccount, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "answer": "an abnormal processing route", "sentence": "Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). <hl> Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. <hl> On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "paragraph_answer": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via <hl> an abnormal processing route <hl> that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "sentence_answer": "Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via <hl> an abnormal processing route <hl> that does not take belief into account.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754ac2b22cd4dfcfbf73f"}
-{"question": "The name of the island mentioned by Pliny is what?", "paragraph": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen. The origin of the latter name is speculative. It might be connected to the Germanic word belt, a name used for two of the Danish straits, the Belts, while others claim it to be derived from Latin balteus (belt). Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia (or Balcia) with reference to accounts of Pytheas and Xenophon. It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas. Baltia also might be derived from \"belt\" and mean \"near belt of sea (strait).\" Meanwhile, others have concluded that the name of the island originates from the Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its basic meaning were retained in both Lithuanian (as baltas) and Latvian (as balts). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps. Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant \"enclosed sea, bay\" as opposed to open sea.\nSome Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology.", "answer": "Basilia", "sentence": "It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas.", "paragraph_sentence": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen. The origin of the latter name is speculative. It might be connected to the Germanic word belt, a name used for two of the Danish straits, the Belts, while others claim it to be derived from Latin balteus (belt). Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia (or Balcia) with reference to accounts of Pytheas and Xenophon. <hl> It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas. <hl> Baltia also might be derived from \"belt\" and mean \"near belt of sea (strait).\" Meanwhile, others have concluded that the name of the island originates from the Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its basic meaning were retained in both Lithuanian (as baltas) and Latvian (as balts). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps. Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant \"enclosed sea, bay\" as opposed to open sea. Some Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology.", "paragraph_answer": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen. The origin of the latter name is speculative. It might be connected to the Germanic word belt, a name used for two of the Danish straits, the Belts, while others claim it to be derived from Latin balteus (belt). Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia (or Balcia) with reference to accounts of Pytheas and Xenophon. It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named <hl> Basilia <hl> (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas. Baltia also might be derived from \"belt\" and mean \"near belt of sea (strait).\" Meanwhile, others have concluded that the name of the island originates from the Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its basic meaning were retained in both Lithuanian (as baltas) and Latvian (as balts). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps. Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant \"enclosed sea, bay\" as opposed to open sea. Some Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology.", "sentence_answer": "It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named <hl> Basilia <hl> (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas.", "paragraph_id": "5d665c272b22cd4dfcfbdc90"}
-{"question": "What did Windows 8 use for software distribution?", "paragraph": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "answer": "Windows Store", "sentence": "Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. <hl> Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. <hl> An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the <hl> Windows Store <hl> service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "sentence_answer": "Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the <hl> Windows Store <hl> service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715cc2b22cd4dfcfbeeac"}
-{"question": "Who are two predecessors to Jonathan Kramer that have similar ideology?", "paragraph": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "answer": "Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard", "sentence": "Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard ) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. <hl> Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard ) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following <hl> Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard <hl>) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "sentence_answer": "Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following <hl> Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard <hl> ) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "paragraph_id": "5d6722262b22cd4dfcfbf01e"}
-{"question": "Why is first order logic completely formal?", "paragraph": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal.  There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "answer": "so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal", "sentence": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal . <hl> There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, <hl> so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal <hl>. There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, <hl> so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6b42b22cd4dfcfbccb1"}
-{"question": "Where did David Rioch research the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research through clinical psychiatry?", "paragraph": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s. During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "answer": "at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research", "sentence": "Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , starting in the 1950s.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. <hl> Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , starting in the 1950s. <hl> During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "paragraph_answer": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry <hl> at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research <hl>, starting in the 1950s. During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "sentence_answer": "Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry <hl> at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research <hl> , starting in the 1950s.", "paragraph_id": "5d670d6b2b22cd4dfcfbec5a"}
-{"question": "What city did the Luftwaffe bomb?", "paragraph": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "answer": "Belgrade", "sentence": "During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. <hl> During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. <hl> The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "paragraph_answer": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, <hl> Belgrade <hl> was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "sentence_answer": "During the invasion, <hl> Belgrade <hl> was bombed by the Luftwaffe.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fb8f2b22cd4dfcfc04cf"}
-{"question": "Where is Silicon Alley located?", "paragraph": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "answer": "centered in Manhattan", "sentence": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan , has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan , has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. <hl> High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "paragraph_answer": "Silicon Alley, <hl> centered in Manhattan <hl>, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "sentence_answer": "Silicon Alley, <hl> centered in Manhattan <hl> , has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem.", "paragraph_id": "5d6847d42b22cd4dfcfc06b0"}
-{"question": "How many years is internship for medical education in Taiwan?", "paragraph": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.\nThe first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours.\nClinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years.\nThe duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade.\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree.  Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "answer": "1-year", "sentence": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. <hl> The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus <hl> 1-year <hl> internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "sentence_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus <hl> 1-year <hl> internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655c12b22cd4dfcfbdc35"}
-{"question": "Where is thundersnow possible?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "within a cyclone's comma head", "sentence": " Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. <hl> Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. <hl> In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible <hl> within a cyclone's comma head <hl> and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " Thundersnow is possible <hl> within a cyclone's comma head <hl> and within lake effect precipitation bands.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8882b22cd4dfcfc0054"}
-{"question": "What is different about the Dutch approach to medicine studies?", "paragraph": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology.  The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "answer": "graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen)", "sentence": "This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "paragraph_sentence": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. <hl> This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which <hl> graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) <hl> who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "sentence_answer": "This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which <hl> graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) <hl> who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "paragraph_id": "5d66503b2b22cd4dfcfbdc17"}
-{"question": "What diseases become more likely as people get older?", "paragraph": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "answer": "cardiovascular/heart diseases", "sentence": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases . <hl> One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "paragraph_answer": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of <hl> cardiovascular/heart diseases <hl>. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "sentence_answer": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of <hl> cardiovascular/heart diseases <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ce062b22cd4dfcfbcda4"}
-{"question": "What genres did Drum and bass influenced ?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "answer": "hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop", "sentence": "Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop .", "paragraph_sentence": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. <hl> Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop . <hl> Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like <hl> hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop <hl>. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "sentence_answer": "Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like <hl> hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a32c2b22cd4dfcfbe388"}
-{"question": "When did the Hurriyet Daily News begin printing?", "paragraph": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "answer": "1961", "sentence": "H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961 , but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. <hl> H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961 , but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. <hl> Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since <hl> 1961 <hl>, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since <hl> 1961 <hl> , but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607712b22cd4dfcfbd61f"}
-{"question": "What is the subgenre that drew greater influence from techno music?", "paragraph": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "answer": "techstep", "sentence": "As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. <hl> As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including <hl> techstep <hl> (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "sentence_answer": "As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including <hl> techstep <hl> (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a70d2b22cd4dfcfbe3bf"}
-{"question": "Which tenses make up the perfect system?", "paragraph": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "answer": "the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses", "sentence": "These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses .", "paragraph_sentence": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. <hl> These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses . <hl> Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "paragraph_answer": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of <hl> the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses <hl>. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "sentence_answer": "These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of <hl> the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f5e62b22cd4dfcfbd41f"}
-{"question": "Are the Australian Democrats considered a major party?", "paragraph": "One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. Whereas in the House of Representatives the government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations. When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005, it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. Government members argued that the Senate continued to be a forum of vigorous debate, and its committees continued to be active. The Opposition leader in the Senate suggested that the government had attenuated the scrutinising activities of the Senate. The Australian Democrats, a minor party which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "answer": "The Australian Democrats, a minor party", "sentence": "The Australian Democrats, a minor party which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. Whereas in the House of Representatives the government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations. When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005, it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. Government members argued that the Senate continued to be a forum of vigorous debate, and its committees continued to be active. The Opposition leader in the Senate suggested that the government had attenuated the scrutinising activities of the Senate. <hl> The Australian Democrats, a minor party which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. Whereas in the House of Representatives the government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations. When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005, it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. Government members argued that the Senate continued to be a forum of vigorous debate, and its committees continued to be active. The Opposition leader in the Senate suggested that the government had attenuated the scrutinising activities of the Senate. <hl> The Australian Democrats, a minor party <hl> which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Australian Democrats, a minor party <hl> which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1482b22cd4dfcfbd0b4"}
-{"question": "What may the decentralization be?", "paragraph": "Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects.  Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization.\nIt has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "answer": "territorial", "sentence": " Its decentralization may be territorial , moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization.", "paragraph_sentence": "Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects. <hl> Its decentralization may be territorial , moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization. <hl> It has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "paragraph_answer": "Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects. Its decentralization may be <hl> territorial <hl>, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization. It has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "sentence_answer": " Its decentralization may be <hl> territorial <hl> , moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c192b22cd4dfcfbd6dc"}
-{"question": "How are elements positioned often in Ancient Greek sculpture?", "paragraph": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "answer": "fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth", "sentence": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth . <hl> The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often <hl> fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth <hl>. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often <hl> fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fbf22b22cd4dfcfc04d9"}
-{"question": "Who were the first group of people from Europe to use African slaves in the New World?", "paragraph": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "answer": "Spaniards", "sentence": "The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards , who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola.", "paragraph_sentence": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. <hl> The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards , who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. <hl> The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "paragraph_answer": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the <hl> Spaniards <hl>, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "sentence_answer": "The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the <hl> Spaniards <hl> , who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola.", "paragraph_id": "5d65da752b22cd4dfcfbcf1c"}
-{"question": "How did Slovenia emphasize its defence of its ethnic identity?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers", "sentence": "An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers , following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. <hl> An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers , following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown <hl> by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers <hl>, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "sentence_answer": "An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown <hl> by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers <hl> , following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725b02b22cd4dfcfbf0c0"}
-{"question": "What are sometimes called stannanes?", "paragraph": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "answer": "Organotin compounds", "sentence": "Organotin compounds , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Organotin compounds , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. <hl> Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Organotin compounds <hl>, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Organotin compounds <hl> , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds.", "paragraph_id": "5d676bef2b22cd4dfcfbfae8"}
-{"question": "What was the first NHL season to not happen?", "paragraph": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season.  The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "answer": "2004-2005", "sentence": "The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. <hl> The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" <hl> After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the <hl> 2004-2005 <hl> NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "sentence_answer": "The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the <hl> 2004-2005 <hl> NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d661de62b22cd4dfcfbd932"}
-{"question": "whose responsibility to achieve structural element and materiel goals?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "answer": "Structural engineer", "sentence": "Structural engineer ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineer ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. <hl> Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineer <hl>ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineer <hl> ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771f52b22cd4dfcfbfc0a"}
-{"question": "What indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis?", "paragraph": "Figure 7 depicts a left and a right-handed coordinate system.  Because a three-dimensional object is represented on the two-dimensional screen, distortion and ambiguity result. The axis pointing downward (and to the right) is also meant to point towards the observer, whereas the \"middle\" axis is meant to point away from the observer.  The red circle is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases).  Hence the red arrow passes in front of the z-axis.", "answer": "The red circle", "sentence": " The red circle is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases).", "paragraph_sentence": "Figure 7 depicts a left and a right-handed coordinate system. Because a three-dimensional object is represented on the two-dimensional screen, distortion and ambiguity result. The axis pointing downward (and to the right) is also meant to point towards the observer, whereas the \"middle\" axis is meant to point away from the observer. <hl> The red circle is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases). <hl> Hence the red arrow passes in front of the z-axis.", "paragraph_answer": "Figure 7 depicts a left and a right-handed coordinate system. Because a three-dimensional object is represented on the two-dimensional screen, distortion and ambiguity result. The axis pointing downward (and to the right) is also meant to point towards the observer, whereas the \"middle\" axis is meant to point away from the observer. <hl> The red circle <hl> is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases). Hence the red arrow passes in front of the z-axis.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> The red circle <hl> is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases).", "paragraph_id": "5d6623db2b22cd4dfcfbd9dc"}
-{"question": "Why has a marker been placed by the Cathedral of Learning?", "paragraph": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union.\nIn addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "answer": "to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh", "sentence": "\nIn addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself.", "paragraph_sentence": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. <hl> In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. <hl> Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning <hl> to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh <hl> itself. Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": " In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning <hl> to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh <hl> itself.", "paragraph_id": "5d6700ff2b22cd4dfcfbe9f6"}
-{"question": "Where are these surnames generally located in Alava?", "paragraph": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "answer": "throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain", "sentence": "These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. <hl> These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.) <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found <hl> throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain <hl> generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "sentence_answer": "These type of customary compound surnames used to be found <hl> throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain <hl> generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "paragraph_id": "5d671aba2b22cd4dfcfbef56"}
-{"question": "East Asians and Europeans were among the first cultures to develop which weapons?", "paragraph": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "answer": "firearms and steel swords", "sentence": "Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords .", "paragraph_sentence": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. <hl> Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords . <hl> In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as <hl> firearms and steel swords <hl>. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "sentence_answer": "Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as <hl> firearms and steel swords <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2c72b22cd4dfcfc02b4"}
-{"question": "Which program has been ended after 20+ years?", "paragraph": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns,  Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "answer": "the Semester at Sea program", "sentence": "In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns,  Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. <hl> In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. <hl> Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of <hl> the Semester at Sea program <hl> due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of <hl> the Semester at Sea program <hl> due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7f12b22cd4dfcfc0209"}
-{"question": "When did the American revolution start?", "paragraph": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "answer": "1775", "sentence": "The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. <hl> The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in <hl> 1775 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in <hl> 1775 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6770112b22cd4dfcfbfbae"}
-{"question": "Who predicted the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013", "paragraph": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "answer": "Wells Fargo Economics", "sentence": "During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. <hl> During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. <hl> This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, <hl> Wells Fargo Economics <hl> forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "sentence_answer": "During December 2012, <hl> Wells Fargo Economics <hl> forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4862b22cd4dfcfbe76b"}
-{"question": "What is considered to be Manhattan's most important economic sector?", "paragraph": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry, metonymously known as Wall Street. The borough's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "answer": "its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry", "sentence": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry , metonymously known as Wall Street.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry , metonymously known as Wall Street. <hl> The borough's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in <hl> its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry <hl>, metonymously known as Wall Street. The borough's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in <hl> its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry <hl> , metonymously known as Wall Street.", "paragraph_id": "5d6845c62b22cd4dfcfc069c"}
-{"question": "What is disenclavement?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents of the \"Old World\" (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and those of the \"New World\" (North America and South America). For centuries, tidal currents had made ocean travel particularly difficult and risky for the ships that were then available, and as such there had been very little, if any, naval contact between the peoples living in these continents. In the 15th century, however, new European developments in seafaring technologies meant that ships were better equipped to deal with the problem of tidal currents, and could begin traversing the Atlantic Ocean. Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. In doing so, they came into contact with societies living along the west African coast and in the Americas which they had never previously encountered. Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "answer": "the consequences of European navigation", "sentence": "Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents of the \"Old World\" (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and those of the \"New World\" (North America and South America). For centuries, tidal currents had made ocean travel particularly difficult and risky for the ships that were then available, and as such there had been very little, if any, naval contact between the peoples living in these continents. In the 15th century, however, new European developments in seafaring technologies meant that ships were better equipped to deal with the problem of tidal currents, and could begin traversing the Atlantic Ocean. Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. In doing so, they came into contact with societies living along the west African coast and in the Americas which they had never previously encountered. <hl> Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents of the \"Old World\" (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and those of the \"New World\" (North America and South America). For centuries, tidal currents had made ocean travel particularly difficult and risky for the ships that were then available, and as such there had been very little, if any, naval contact between the peoples living in these continents. In the 15th century, however, new European developments in seafaring technologies meant that ships were better equipped to deal with the problem of tidal currents, and could begin traversing the Atlantic Ocean. Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. In doing so, they came into contact with societies living along the west African coast and in the Americas which they had never previously encountered. Historian Pierre Chaunu termed <hl> the consequences of European navigation <hl> \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "sentence_answer": "Historian Pierre Chaunu termed <hl> the consequences of European navigation <hl> \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "paragraph_id": "5d659a872b22cd4dfcfbca8a"}
-{"question": "What is a call stack?", "paragraph": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "answer": "a special case of the stack data structure", "sentence": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure , to implement subroutine calls and returns.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure , to implement subroutine calls and returns. <hl> Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "paragraph_answer": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, <hl> a special case of the stack data structure <hl>, to implement subroutine calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "sentence_answer": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, <hl> a special case of the stack data structure <hl> , to implement subroutine calls and returns.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e162b22cd4dfcfbf5da"}
-{"question": "What are three common launch vehicles?", "paragraph": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "answer": "Atlas, Delta, Titan", "sentence": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( Atlas, Delta, Titan ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( Atlas, Delta, Titan ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). <hl> Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "paragraph_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (<hl> Atlas, Delta, Titan <hl>), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "sentence_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( <hl> Atlas, Delta, Titan <hl> ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11).", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc82b22cd4dfcfbfe5b"}
-{"question": "What are the differences between house and rave music?", "paragraph": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "answer": "rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo", "sentence": "But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. <hl> But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. <hl> This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But <hl> rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo <hl> (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "sentence_answer": "But <hl> rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo <hl> (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a4942b22cd4dfcfbe394"}
-{"question": "What values did David Hume call superstitious?", "paragraph": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "answer": "piety and devotion", "sentence": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. <hl> Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious <hl> piety and devotion <hl>; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "sentence_answer": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious <hl> piety and devotion <hl> ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d670b162b22cd4dfcfbebc4"}
-{"question": "According to meteorology what is precipitation?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity", "sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity . <hl> The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is <hl> any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity <hl>. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is <hl> any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676fc62b22cd4dfcfbfb9f"}
-{"question": "What do the first three letters in COMCRUDESPAC mean?", "paragraph": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "answer": "commander", "sentence": "The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. <hl> The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". <hl> \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for <hl> commander <hl>, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "sentence_answer": "The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for <hl> commander <hl> , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657a022b22cd4dfcfbc954"}
-{"question": "Windows ME ysed visual interface enhenacements from what OS?", "paragraph": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "answer": "Windows NT", "sentence": "Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT -based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. <hl> Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT -based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. <hl> However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its <hl> Windows NT <hl>-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "sentence_answer": "Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its <hl> Windows NT <hl> -based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f292b22cd4dfcfbecc3"}
-{"question": "What stretch of water divides the city of Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "answer": "The Bosphorus", "sentence": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. <hl> The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] <hl> The Bosphorus <hl>, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] <hl> The Bosphorus <hl> , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8802b22cd4dfcfbcd25"}
-{"question": "To enter a port blocked with ice, what kind of ships are required?", "paragraph": "During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "answer": "icebreakers", "sentence": "During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers . <hl> Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "paragraph_answer": "During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of <hl> icebreakers <hl>. Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "sentence_answer": "During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of <hl> icebreakers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66151b2b22cd4dfcfbd809"}
-{"question": "How many characters is SMS limited to?", "paragraph": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "answer": "160", "sentence": "To fit messages into the 160 -character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream.", "paragraph_sentence": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). <hl> To fit messages into the 160 -character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. <hl> Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "paragraph_answer": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). To fit messages into the <hl> 160 <hl>-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "sentence_answer": "To fit messages into the <hl> 160 <hl> -character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream.", "paragraph_id": "5d657b002b22cd4dfcfbc965"}
-{"question": "What islands did the Portuguese attempt to conquer in 1535?", "paragraph": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "answer": "Bissagos Islands", "sentence": "For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. <hl> For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. <hl> In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the <hl> Bissagos Islands <hl> in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "sentence_answer": "For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the <hl> Bissagos Islands <hl> in 1535.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a0c72b22cd4dfcfbe37d"}
-{"question": "What kind of sorted first-order logic would end up as a result of reduction of many-sorted first-order logic in case of finitely many sorts in a theory?", "paragraph": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse. For example, if there are two sorts, one adds predicate symbols \n\n\n\n\nP\n\n1\n\n\n(\nx\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle P_{1}(x)}\n\n and \n\n\n\n\nP\n\n2\n\n\n(\nx\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle P_{2}(x)}\n\n and the axiom", "answer": "many-sorted", "sentence": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. <hl> One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse. For example, if there are two sorts, one adds predicate symbols P 1 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{1}(x)} and P 2 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{2}(x)} and the axiom", "paragraph_answer": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, <hl> many-sorted <hl> first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse. For example, if there are two sorts, one adds predicate symbols P 1 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{1}(x)} and P 2 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{2}(x)} and the axiom", "sentence_answer": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, <hl> many-sorted <hl> first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0032b22cd4dfcfbe636"}
-{"question": "What is the qualification for Medicine and Surgery in Unani?", "paragraph": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "answer": "Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS", "sentence": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. <hl> The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "paragraph_answer": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, <hl> Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS <hl> in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "sentence_answer": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, <hl> Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS <hl> in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha.", "paragraph_id": "5d66532b2b22cd4dfcfbdc21"}
-{"question": "When it comes to decentralization, what views should be taken into account regarding the political interests of the country?", "paragraph": "Decentralization ideally happens as a careful, rational, and orderly process, but it often takes place during times of economic and political crisis, the fall of a regime and the resultant power struggles. Even when it happens slowly, there is a need for experimentation, testing, adjusting, and replicating successful experiments in other contexts. There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization.", "answer": "whether they support or oppose decentralization", "sentence": "There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization .", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization ideally happens as a careful, rational, and orderly process, but it often takes place during times of economic and political crisis, the fall of a regime and the resultant power struggles. Even when it happens slowly, there is a need for experimentation, testing, adjusting, and replicating successful experiments in other contexts. <hl> There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization ideally happens as a careful, rational, and orderly process, but it often takes place during times of economic and political crisis, the fall of a regime and the resultant power struggles. Even when it happens slowly, there is a need for experimentation, testing, adjusting, and replicating successful experiments in other contexts. There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and <hl> whether they support or oppose decentralization <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and <hl> whether they support or oppose decentralization <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66768a2b22cd4dfcfbe007"}
-{"question": "How much more does The Sunday Times sell than The Times?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "answer": "more than twice as many copies", "sentence": "It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. <hl> It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells <hl> more than twice as many copies <hl> as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "It sells <hl> more than twice as many copies <hl> as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6829382b22cd4dfcfc0613"}
-{"question": "The naming convention of parents names used in their child's name is shared by cultures such as that of Norway, Spain, Portugal and which other culture?", "paragraph": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "answer": "English", "sentence": "This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. <hl> This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in <hl> English <hl> (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "sentence_answer": "This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in <hl> English <hl> (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738e02b22cd4dfcfbf2e8"}
-{"question": "Where did the Magallanes Basin start out at?", "paragraph": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\nThe Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "answer": "in the Mesozoic", "sentence": "Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_sentence": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. <hl> Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin <hl> in the Mesozoic <hl> to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "sentence_answer": "Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin <hl> in the Mesozoic <hl> to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66864f2b22cd4dfcfbe1b0"}
-{"question": "What level of government does the SfH represent?", "paragraph": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "answer": "federal", "sentence": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. <hl> The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "paragraph_answer": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized <hl> federal <hl> organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "sentence_answer": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized <hl> federal <hl> organization, and the universities themselves.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d44a2b22cd4dfcfbce44"}
-{"question": "How many jobs were added per year during the Clinton presidency?", "paragraph": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "answer": "756,000", "sentence": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent ( 756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent ( 756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. <hl> But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "paragraph_answer": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (<hl> 756,000 <hl> jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "sentence_answer": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent ( <hl> 756,000 <hl> jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget.", "paragraph_id": "5d670c2a2b22cd4dfcfbec14"}
-{"question": "What type of model is discussed in Lowenheim-Skolem theorem?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "answer": "infinite model", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model , then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model , then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. <hl> One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an <hl> infinite model <hl>, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "sentence_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an <hl> infinite model <hl> , then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718d12b22cd4dfcfbef29"}
-{"question": "What types of colours were used when painting the reliefs?", "paragraph": "These were often round mirror-cases, combs, handles, and other small items, but included a few larger caskets like the Casket with Scenes of Romances (Walters 71264) in Baltimore, Maryland, in the United States. Originally there were very often painted in bright colours.  Reliefs can be impressed by stamps onto clay, or the clay pressed into a mould bearing the design, as was usual with the mass-produced [terra sigillata] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) of Ancient Roman pottery. Decorative reliefs in plaster or stucco may be much larger; this form of architectural decoration is found in many styles of interiors in the post-Renaissance West, and in Islamic architecture.", "answer": "bright colours", "sentence": "Originally there were very often painted in bright colours .", "paragraph_sentence": "These were often round mirror-cases, combs, handles, and other small items, but included a few larger caskets like the Casket with Scenes of Romances (Walters 71264) in Baltimore, Maryland, in the United States. <hl> Originally there were very often painted in bright colours . <hl> Reliefs can be impressed by stamps onto clay, or the clay pressed into a mould bearing the design, as was usual with the mass-produced [terra sigillata] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) of Ancient Roman pottery. Decorative reliefs in plaster or stucco may be much larger; this form of architectural decoration is found in many styles of interiors in the post-Renaissance West, and in Islamic architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "These were often round mirror-cases, combs, handles, and other small items, but included a few larger caskets like the Casket with Scenes of Romances (Walters 71264) in Baltimore, Maryland, in the United States. Originally there were very often painted in <hl> bright colours <hl>. Reliefs can be impressed by stamps onto clay, or the clay pressed into a mould bearing the design, as was usual with the mass-produced [terra sigillata] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) of Ancient Roman pottery. Decorative reliefs in plaster or stucco may be much larger; this form of architectural decoration is found in many styles of interiors in the post-Renaissance West, and in Islamic architecture.", "sentence_answer": "Originally there were very often painted in <hl> bright colours <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6822fe2b22cd4dfcfc05fd"}
-{"question": "What is also called cherry-picking?", "paragraph": "A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A one-timer is a shot struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. Headmanning the puck, also known as  breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice. Loafing, also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "answer": "Loafing", "sentence": "Loafing , also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "paragraph_sentence": "A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A one-timer is a shot struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. Headmanning the puck, also known as breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice. <hl> Loafing , also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A one-timer is a shot struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. Headmanning the puck, also known as breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice. <hl> Loafing <hl>, also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Loafing <hl> , also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7c32b22cd4dfcfbced2"}
-{"question": "What location is granite most prominent in?", "paragraph": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "answer": "east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N", "sentence": "This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N .", "paragraph_sentence": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. <hl> This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N . <hl> In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "paragraph_answer": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found <hl> east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N <hl>. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "sentence_answer": "This granite is mostly found <hl> east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f16c2b22cd4dfcfbe6ac"}
-{"question": "What is the principal application of structural mechanics?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. To apply the knowledge successfully a structural engineer generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads, such as from earthquakes and winds.", "answer": "to understand and predict how structures support and resist", "sentence": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. <hl> To apply the knowledge successfully a structural engineer generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads, such as from earthquakes and winds.", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics <hl> to understand and predict how structures support and resist <hl> self-weight and imposed loads. To apply the knowledge successfully a structural engineer generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads, such as from earthquakes and winds.", "sentence_answer": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics <hl> to understand and predict how structures support and resist <hl> self-weight and imposed loads.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766c72b22cd4dfcfbf9f9"}
-{"question": "What was the name of the United States President in 1848", "paragraph": "On August 19, 1848, the New York Herald was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold. On December 5, 1848, President James Polk confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\". Miners lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships. Wherever gold was discovered, hundreds of miners would collaborate to put up a camp and stake their claims.", "answer": "James Polk", "sentence": "On December 5, 1848, President James Polk confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\".", "paragraph_sentence": "On August 19, 1848, the New York Herald was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold. <hl> On December 5, 1848, President James Polk confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\". <hl> Miners lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships. Wherever gold was discovered, hundreds of miners would collaborate to put up a camp and stake their claims.", "paragraph_answer": "On August 19, 1848, the New York Herald was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold. On December 5, 1848, President <hl> James Polk <hl> confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\". Miners lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships. Wherever gold was discovered, hundreds of miners would collaborate to put up a camp and stake their claims.", "sentence_answer": "On December 5, 1848, President <hl> James Polk <hl> confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\".", "paragraph_id": "5d670c1e2b22cd4dfcfbec0c"}
-{"question": "When did Soviet Union collapse?", "paragraph": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "answer": "1990 and 1991", "sentence": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991 , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991 , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. <hl> With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "paragraph_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between <hl> 1990 and 1991 <hl>, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "sentence_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between <hl> 1990 and 1991 <hl> , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c2852b22cd4dfcfc0178"}
-{"question": "What is labelled with the capital letter O?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7).  The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "answer": "The origin", "sentence": " The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). <hl> The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. <hl> This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). <hl> The origin <hl> is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> The origin <hl> is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space.", "paragraph_id": "5d661e962b22cd4dfcfbd947"}
-{"question": "When did advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerge?", "paragraph": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "answer": "in the 1960s", "sentence": "Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007).", "paragraph_sentence": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. <hl> Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). <hl> Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "paragraph_answer": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged <hl> in the 1960s <hl> to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "sentence_answer": "Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged <hl> in the 1960s <hl> to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007).", "paragraph_id": "5d676e492b22cd4dfcfbfb54"}
-{"question": "What year did the Republican presidential candidate win majority of the popular vote?", "paragraph": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "answer": "2004", "sentence": "However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004 , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. <hl> However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004 , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in <hl> 2004 <hl>, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in <hl> 2004 <hl> , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746fb2b22cd4dfcfbf4ca"}
-{"question": "What is a point source of light placed at the focal point converted into?", "paragraph": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "answer": "collimated beam by the lens", "sentence": "Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens .", "paragraph_sentence": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. <hl> Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens . <hl> These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "paragraph_answer": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a <hl> collimated beam by the lens <hl>. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "sentence_answer": "Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a <hl> collimated beam by the lens <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678bc92b22cd4dfcfbfe3f"}
-{"question": "What grade did the American Society of Engineers give infrastructure investment in 2013?", "paragraph": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "answer": "D+", "sentence": "The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \" D+ \" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. <hl> The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \" D+ \" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"<hl> D+ <hl>\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "sentence_answer": "The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \" <hl> D+ <hl> \" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f872b22cd4dfcfbece1"}
-{"question": "Where is the ATM that gives instructions in Latin?", "paragraph": "The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the Holy See, the primary language of its public journal, the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and the working language of the Roman Rota. Vatican City is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language.", "answer": "Vatican City", "sentence": "Vatican City is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin.", "paragraph_sentence": "The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the Holy See, the primary language of its public journal, the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and the working language of the Roman Rota. <hl> Vatican City is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin. <hl> In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language.", "paragraph_answer": "The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the Holy See, the primary language of its public journal, the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and the working language of the Roman Rota. <hl> Vatican City <hl> is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Vatican City <hl> is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin.", "paragraph_id": "5d661bed2b22cd4dfcfbd8fb"}
-{"question": "What was the address of the Bowery Mission when first established?", "paragraph": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.\nAn examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\"  An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "answer": "36 Bowery", "sentence": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. <hl> An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at <hl> 36 Bowery <hl>, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "sentence_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at <hl> 36 Bowery <hl> , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b782b22cd4dfcfbd6be"}
-{"question": "What's the objective of the convention?", "paragraph": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "answer": "choose to endorse a candidate", "sentence": "The convention may choose to endorse a candidate , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "paragraph_sentence": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. <hl> The convention may choose to endorse a candidate , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may <hl> choose to endorse a candidate <hl>, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "sentence_answer": "The convention may <hl> choose to endorse a candidate <hl> , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ae2b22cd4dfcfbe146"}
-{"question": "What was the result of the initial attempt to pass that bill?", "paragraph": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House.", "answer": "failed", "sentence": "The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition.", "paragraph_sentence": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. <hl> The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. <hl> Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House.", "paragraph_answer": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. The initial attempt to pass the bill <hl> failed <hl> in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House.", "sentence_answer": "The initial attempt to pass the bill <hl> failed <hl> in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition.", "paragraph_id": "5d676c202b22cd4dfcfbfaf3"}
-{"question": "What were the most important factors that determined the support for the Partisan movement?", "paragraph": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "answer": "region and nationality,", "sentence": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. <hl> The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to <hl> region and nationality, <hl> reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "sentence_answer": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to <hl> region and nationality, <hl> reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706c62b22cd4dfcfbeb08"}
-{"question": "What tactic attempts to keep the puck in the offensive zone by pressuring the opposing team's winger when they are breaking out?", "paragraph": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "answer": "Pinching", "sentence": "Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. <hl> A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching <hl> is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Pinching <hl> is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d97d2b22cd4dfcfbcf00"}
-{"question": "What would an author write for the preimage of a set and a singleton?", "paragraph": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.  In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "answer": "f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b]", "sentence": "Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_sentence": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. <hl> Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write <hl> f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] <hl> for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "sentence_answer": "Thus they would write <hl> f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] <hl> for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c212b22cd4dfcfbd6e5"}
-{"question": "What news paper occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "answer": "The Sunday Times", "sentence": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. <hl> While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined.", "paragraph_id": "5d6829382b22cd4dfcfc0610"}
-{"question": "IN new york, ho much does a person need to make to have affordable houseing?", "paragraph": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "answer": "$54,000", "sentence": "A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home.", "paragraph_sentence": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. <hl> A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. <hl> The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least <hl> $54,000 <hl> to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "sentence_answer": "A family in New York City must earn at least <hl> $54,000 <hl> to find an affordable home.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2692b22cd4dfcfbd0eb"}
-{"question": "When did U.S employment reach 98% of it's pre-recession peak", "paragraph": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "answer": "May 2013", "sentence": "By May 2013 , U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months.", "paragraph_sentence": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. <hl> By May 2013 , U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. <hl> Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "paragraph_answer": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By <hl> May 2013 <hl>, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "sentence_answer": "By <hl> May 2013 <hl> , U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3742b22cd4dfcfbe731"}
-{"question": "When was the 3rd Council of Dvin?", "paragraph": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "answer": "609\u2013610", "sentence": "Almost a century later ( 609\u2013610 ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Almost a century later ( 609\u2013610 ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. <hl> The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "paragraph_answer": "Almost a century later (<hl> 609\u2013610 <hl>) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "sentence_answer": "Almost a century later ( <hl> 609\u2013610 <hl> ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating.", "paragraph_id": "5d6577c42b22cd4dfcfbc92a"}
-{"question": "What is not true of vernacular Latin?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically", "sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically . <hl> On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that <hl> the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically <hl>. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that <hl> the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9a"}
-{"question": "When did the agreement created in 1956 and the agreements following collapse?", "paragraph": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a\ncontinuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "answer": "1985", "sentence": "The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a\ncontinuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. <hl> The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985 . <hl> Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in <hl> 1985 <hl>. Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "sentence_answer": "The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in <hl> 1985 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d68969c2b22cd4dfcfc3c8d"}
-{"question": "Are reliefs included in Islam?", "paragraph": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.  Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\".  Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "answer": "in the arabesques of Islamic art,", "sentence": "The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_sentence": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. <hl> The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as <hl> in the arabesques of Islamic art, <hl> and may be of any subject.", "sentence_answer": "The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as <hl> in the arabesques of Islamic art, <hl> and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6652b22cd4dfcfbe7f0"}
-{"question": "The Sunday Times took a more Thatcherite stance under which appointed editor that served until 1994?", "paragraph": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "answer": "Andrew Neil", "sentence": "Under Andrew Neil , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under Andrew Neil , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. <hl> It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "paragraph_answer": "Under <hl> Andrew Neil <hl>, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "sentence_answer": "Under <hl> Andrew Neil <hl> , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph.", "paragraph_id": "5d6719b52b22cd4dfcfbef41"}
-{"question": "What percentage of people in emergency shelters stayed less than a month?", "paragraph": "In 2008 more than 66 percent of all sheltered homeless people were located in principal cities, with 32 percent located in suburban or rural jurisdictions. About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "answer": "60 percent", "sentence": "Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2008 more than 66 percent of all sheltered homeless people were located in principal cities, with 32 percent located in suburban or rural jurisdictions. About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. <hl> Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2008 more than 66 percent of all sheltered homeless people were located in principal cities, with 32 percent located in suburban or rural jurisdictions. About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: <hl> 60 percent <hl> stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "sentence_answer": "Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: <hl> 60 percent <hl> stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "paragraph_id": "5d665e0b2b22cd4dfcfbdcac"}
-{"question": "Who was the mother of the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "\"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedc2"}
-{"question": "What can Tin be use for?", "paragraph": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "answer": "protective coat", "sentence": "Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. <hl> Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. <hl> In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a <hl> protective coat <hl> for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Tin can be highly polished and is used as a <hl> protective coat <hl> for other metals.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef172b22cd4dfcfbe5e2"}
-{"question": "What was caused by the Nazca and Antarctic Plate sliding under the South American Palte?", "paragraph": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "answer": "The Andean volcanism", "sentence": "The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. <hl> The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. <hl> The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. <hl> The Andean volcanism <hl> is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Andean volcanism <hl> is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate.", "paragraph_id": "5d6696be2b22cd4dfcfbe31b"}
-{"question": "Who was reelected in 1936", "paragraph": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "answer": "1936", "sentence": "Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. <hl> Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. <hl> Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in <hl> 1936 <hl> but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "sentence_answer": "Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in <hl> 1936 <hl> but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741d02b22cd4dfcfbf421"}
-{"question": "What did the 20 new buses introduced by Oxford Bus Company in 2014 have?", "paragraph": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "answer": "flywheel energy storage (FES)", "sentence": "In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University.", "paragraph_sentence": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. <hl> In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. <hl> Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "paragraph_answer": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with <hl> flywheel energy storage (FES) <hl> on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "sentence_answer": "In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with <hl> flywheel energy storage (FES) <hl> on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University.", "paragraph_id": "5d67537f2b22cd4dfcfbf717"}
-{"question": "Where did Marxist-Leninist regime and movement continued to exist?", "paragraph": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "answer": "Asia", "sentence": "In Asia , a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed].", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Asia , a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. <hl> The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> Asia <hl>, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Asia <hl> , a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed].", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6f72b22cd4dfcfc01d4"}
-{"question": "When were Jewish families in Central Europe forced to adopt surnames?", "paragraph": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. Many families later changed these names.", "answer": "18th and 19th centuries", "sentence": "When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries , those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar.", "paragraph_sentence": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" <hl> When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries , those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. <hl> Many families later changed these names.", "paragraph_answer": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the <hl> 18th and 19th centuries <hl>, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. Many families later changed these names.", "sentence_answer": "When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the <hl> 18th and 19th centuries <hl> , those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee722b22cd4dfcfbe5b8"}
-{"question": "When playing ice hockey, at what speeds are players moving?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "answer": "20 \u2013 30 mph", "sentence": "Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. <hl> Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. <hl> Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately <hl> 20 \u2013 30 mph <hl> and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "sentence_answer": "Players are moving at speeds around approximately <hl> 20 \u2013 30 mph <hl> and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d62b22cd4dfcfbcd55"}
-{"question": "What is required for the United State's lease to end?", "paragraph": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "answer": "only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area", "sentence": "The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. <hl> The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. <hl> The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which <hl> only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area <hl> can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "sentence_answer": "The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which <hl> only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area <hl> can terminate.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773922b22cd4dfcfbfc4c"}
-{"question": "What book influenced Betty Friedan to write a bestselling book?", "paragraph": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "answer": "The Second Sex", "sentence": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. <hl> Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by <hl> The Second Sex <hl>, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "sentence_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by <hl> The Second Sex <hl> , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique.", "paragraph_id": "5d6711022b22cd4dfcfbed2c"}
-{"question": "How many people are Irish descendants?", "paragraph": "According to the 2009 American Community Survey, the average household size was 2.11, and the average family size was 3.21. Approximately 59.4% of the population over the age of 25 have a bachelor's degree or higher. Approximately 27.0% of the population is foreign-born, and 61.7% of the population over the age of 5 speak only English at home. People of Irish ancestry make up 7.8% of the population, while Italian Americans make up 6.8% of the population. German Americans and Russian Americans make up 7.2% and 6.2% of the population respectively.", "answer": "7.8% of the population", "sentence": "People of Irish ancestry make up 7.8% of the population , while Italian Americans make up 6.8% of the population.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the 2009 American Community Survey, the average household size was 2.11, and the average family size was 3.21. Approximately 59.4% of the population over the age of 25 have a bachelor's degree or higher. Approximately 27.0% of the population is foreign-born, and 61.7% of the population over the age of 5 speak only English at home. <hl> People of Irish ancestry make up 7.8% of the population , while Italian Americans make up 6.8% of the population. <hl> German Americans and Russian Americans make up 7.2% and 6.2% of the population respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the 2009 American Community Survey, the average household size was 2.11, and the average family size was 3.21. Approximately 59.4% of the population over the age of 25 have a bachelor's degree or higher. Approximately 27.0% of the population is foreign-born, and 61.7% of the population over the age of 5 speak only English at home. People of Irish ancestry make up <hl> 7.8% of the population <hl>, while Italian Americans make up 6.8% of the population. German Americans and Russian Americans make up 7.2% and 6.2% of the population respectively.", "sentence_answer": "People of Irish ancestry make up <hl> 7.8% of the population <hl> , while Italian Americans make up 6.8% of the population.", "paragraph_id": "5d6763342b22cd4dfcfbf982"}
-{"question": "What percentage of the lower houses lived in the elected representatives' districts?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "90", "sentence": "Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90 % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. <hl> Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90 % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because <hl> 90 <hl>% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because <hl> 90 <hl> % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_id": "5d66346c2b22cd4dfcfbdae7"}
-{"question": "What climate is found on the Sea of Marmara?", "paragraph": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "answer": "warmer, drier and less affected by humidity", "sentence": "The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. <hl> The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity . <hl> The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "paragraph_answer": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is <hl> warmer, drier and less affected by humidity <hl>. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "sentence_answer": "The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is <hl> warmer, drier and less affected by humidity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67572e2b22cd4dfcfbf793"}
-{"question": "What is defined as opposition to that which is good or right?", "paragraph": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "answer": "Immorality", "sentence": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Immorality <hl> is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Immorality <hl> is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e4d82b22cd4dfcfc03c3"}
-{"question": "What was the focus of Modern Architecture?", "paragraph": "The idea of Postmodernism in architecture began as a response to the perceived blandness and failed Utopianism of the Modern movement. Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. Definitive postmodern architecture such as the work of Michael Graves and Robert Venturi rejects the notion of a 'pure' form or 'perfect' architectonic detail, instead conspicuously drawing from all methods, materials, forms and colors available to architects.", "answer": "the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\"", "sentence": "Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of Postmodernism in architecture began as a response to the perceived blandness and failed Utopianism of the Modern movement. <hl> Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. <hl> Definitive postmodern architecture such as the work of Michael Graves and Robert Venturi rejects the notion of a 'pure' form or 'perfect' architectonic detail, instead conspicuously drawing from all methods, materials, forms and colors available to architects.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of Postmodernism in architecture began as a response to the perceived blandness and failed Utopianism of the Modern movement. Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on <hl> the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" <hl> Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. Definitive postmodern architecture such as the work of Michael Graves and Robert Venturi rejects the notion of a 'pure' form or 'perfect' architectonic detail, instead conspicuously drawing from all methods, materials, forms and colors available to architects.", "sentence_answer": "Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on <hl> the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" <hl> Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy.", "paragraph_id": "5d674ffb2b22cd4dfcfbf666"}
-{"question": "In California, the word \"town\" is synonymous to which entity?", "paragraph": "Towns and townships are subdivisions of counties. The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). However, the powers granted to towns or townships varies considerably from state to state. In New England, towns are a principal form of local government, providing many of the functions of counties in other states. In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \"city\", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "answer": "city", "sentence": "In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \" city \", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Towns and townships are subdivisions of counties. The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). However, the powers granted to towns or townships varies considerably from state to state. In New England, towns are a principal form of local government, providing many of the functions of counties in other states. <hl> In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \" city \", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Towns and townships are subdivisions of counties. The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). However, the powers granted to towns or townships varies considerably from state to state. In New England, towns are a principal form of local government, providing many of the functions of counties in other states. In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \"<hl> city <hl>\", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "sentence_answer": "In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \" <hl> city <hl> \", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "paragraph_id": "5d6753722b22cd4dfcfbf70a"}
-{"question": "What type of medical equipment is also used in the home for diabetes?", "paragraph": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ;  equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "answer": "Diagnostic Medical Equipment", "sentence": "Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus.", "paragraph_sentence": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. <hl> Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. <hl> A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "paragraph_answer": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; <hl> Diagnostic Medical Equipment <hl> may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "sentence_answer": "Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; <hl> Diagnostic Medical Equipment <hl> may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dc62b22cd4dfcfbfe78"}
-{"question": "What do all real lenses have?", "paragraph": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "answer": "nonzero thickness", "sentence": "All real lenses have nonzero thickness , however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive.", "paragraph_sentence": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. <hl> All real lenses have nonzero thickness , however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. <hl> To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "paragraph_answer": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have <hl> nonzero thickness <hl>, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "sentence_answer": "All real lenses have <hl> nonzero thickness <hl> , however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive.", "paragraph_id": "5d6788922b22cd4dfcfbfe1d"}
-{"question": "Who is invited to the festival?", "paragraph": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "answer": "married women", "sentence": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. <hl> Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where <hl> married women <hl> (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where <hl> married women <hl> (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children.", "paragraph_id": "5d67896a2b22cd4dfcfbfe26"}
-{"question": "Where is it common to have surname in western cultures?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "placed after the personal or given name", "sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\").", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1132b22cd4dfcfc046a"}
-{"question": "What did Istanbul Park host?", "paragraph": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "answer": "Turkish Grand Prix", "sentence": "Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. <hl> Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. <hl> The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual <hl> Turkish Grand Prix <hl>; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual <hl> Turkish Grand Prix <hl> ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles.", "paragraph_id": "5d66069d2b22cd4dfcfbd5fe"}
-{"question": "Which European people were the first to settle in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "answer": "Dutch", "sentence": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch . <hl> They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's first European settlers were <hl> Dutch <hl>. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut's first European settlers were <hl> Dutch <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddf62b22cd4dfcfbcfe2"}
-{"question": "Can states make their own changes regarding the law ?", "paragraph": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.  They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "answer": "each state may make changes in the enactment process", "sentence": "Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_sentence": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. <hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. <hl> The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "paragraph_answer": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and <hl> each state may make changes in the enactment process <hl>, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "sentence_answer": "Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and <hl> each state may make changes in the enactment process <hl> , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_id": "5d6623f52b22cd4dfcfbd9e4"}
-{"question": "Categorical axiom systems are possible to be acquired using stronger logics such as what?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "second-order logic", "sentence": "Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic .", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. <hl> Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as <hl> second-order logic <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as <hl> second-order logic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b0212b22cd4dfcfbe3e7"}
-{"question": "The Orthodox Byzantine Empire was replaced by what Empire?", "paragraph": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade,  where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "answer": "Latin", "sentence": "The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire.", "paragraph_sentence": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade, where the City was sacked and pillaged. <hl> The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. <hl> Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "paragraph_answer": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade, where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the <hl> Latin <hl> Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "sentence_answer": "The city subsequently became the center of the <hl> Latin <hl> Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2d32b22cd4dfcfbd0ff"}
-{"question": "In what year was the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club formed?", "paragraph": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "answer": "1885", "sentence": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. <hl> The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "paragraph_answer": "In Europe, it is believed that in <hl> 1885 <hl> the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "sentence_answer": "In Europe, it is believed that in <hl> 1885 <hl> the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented.", "paragraph_id": "5d66635b2b22cd4dfcfbdd62"}
-{"question": "What book did Alex Haley write?", "paragraph": "The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. The influence of these led many African Americans to begin researching their family histories and making visits to West Africa. In turn, a tourist industry grew up to supply them. One notable example of this is through the Roots Homecoming Festival held annually in the Gambia, in which rituals are held through which African Americans can symbolically \"come home\" to Africa. Issues of dispute have however developed between African Americans and African authorities over how to display historic sites that were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, with prominent voices in the former criticising the latter for not displaying such sites sensitively, but instead treating them as a commercial enterprise.", "answer": "Roots: The Saga of an American Family", "sentence": "In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family , published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community.", "paragraph_sentence": "The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. <hl> In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family , published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. <hl> The influence of these led many African Americans to begin researching their family histories and making visits to West Africa. In turn, a tourist industry grew up to supply them. One notable example of this is through the Roots Homecoming Festival held annually in the Gambia, in which rituals are held through which African Americans can symbolically \"come home\" to Africa. Issues of dispute have however developed between African Americans and African authorities over how to display historic sites that were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, with prominent voices in the former criticising the latter for not displaying such sites sensitively, but instead treating them as a commercial enterprise.", "paragraph_answer": "The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book <hl> Roots: The Saga of an American Family <hl>, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. The influence of these led many African Americans to begin researching their family histories and making visits to West Africa. In turn, a tourist industry grew up to supply them. One notable example of this is through the Roots Homecoming Festival held annually in the Gambia, in which rituals are held through which African Americans can symbolically \"come home\" to Africa. Issues of dispute have however developed between African Americans and African authorities over how to display historic sites that were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, with prominent voices in the former criticising the latter for not displaying such sites sensitively, but instead treating them as a commercial enterprise.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book <hl> Roots: The Saga of an American Family <hl> , published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684f92b22cd4dfcfbe18a"}
-{"question": "what was the last battle of the war two in europe called?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Battle of Poljana", "sentence": "The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", <hl> the Battle of Poljana <hl>, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", <hl> the Battle of Poljana <hl> , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d680d0a2b22cd4dfcfc052d"}
-{"question": "Who established the West Africa Squadron in 1808?", "paragraph": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "answer": "Royal Navy", "sentence": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. <hl> By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "paragraph_answer": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the <hl> Royal Navy <hl> turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "sentence_answer": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the <hl> Royal Navy <hl> turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3fb2b22cd4dfcfbd3d0"}
-{"question": "In which hall was the United States Bill of Rights drafted?", "paragraph": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "answer": "Federal Hall", "sentence": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall .", "paragraph_sentence": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). <hl> New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall . <hl> Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "paragraph_answer": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at <hl> Federal Hall <hl>. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "sentence_answer": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at <hl> Federal Hall <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6702602b22cd4dfcfbea31"}
-{"question": "What do we call a metal alloy containing both zinc and copper?", "paragraph": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "answer": "bronze and/or brass alloys", "sentence": "Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. <hl> Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called <hl> bronze and/or brass alloys <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called <hl> bronze and/or brass alloys <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee02b22cd4dfcfbecae"}
-{"question": "Who was accused of laundering money?", "paragraph": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "answer": "the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan", "sentence": "In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. <hl> In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. <hl> In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, <hl> the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan <hl> were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, <hl> the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan <hl> were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus.", "paragraph_id": "5d657efc2b22cd4dfcfbc9be"}
-{"question": "From where did Haplogroup J arrive to Europe?", "paragraph": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa.", "answer": "Near East", "sentence": "In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. <hl> In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. <hl> In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa.", "paragraph_answer": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the <hl> Near East <hl> respectively. In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa.", "sentence_answer": "In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the <hl> Near East <hl> respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d39e2b22cd4dfcfc02c9"}
-{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712412b22cd4dfcfbed7d"}
-{"question": "Are junior Senators without consequence viz a viz how decisions are made within the parties?", "paragraph": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties. This period saw the first instances of crossing the floor by senators since the conservative government took office in 1996: Gary Humphries on civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory, and Barnaby Joyce on voluntary student unionism. A more significant potential instance of floor crossing was averted when the government withdrew its Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, of which several government senators had been critical, and which would have been defeated had it proceeded to the vote. The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "answer": "the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations", "sentence": "The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "paragraph_sentence": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties. This period saw the first instances of crossing the floor by senators since the conservative government took office in 1996: Gary Humphries on civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory, and Barnaby Joyce on voluntary student unionism. A more significant potential instance of floor crossing was averted when the government withdrew its Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, of which several government senators had been critical, and which would have been defeated had it proceeded to the vote. <hl> The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties. This period saw the first instances of crossing the floor by senators since the conservative government took office in 1996: Gary Humphries on civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory, and Barnaby Joyce on voluntary student unionism. A more significant potential instance of floor crossing was averted when the government withdrew its Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, of which several government senators had been critical, and which would have been defeated had it proceeded to the vote. The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both <hl> the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations <hl> and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "sentence_answer": "The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both <hl> the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations <hl> and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ed7e2b22cd4dfcfbd2de"}
-{"question": "What percentage had said free-trade agreements hurt the US three years ago?", "paragraph": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "answer": "46%", "sentence": "That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. <hl> That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" <hl> Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from <hl> 46% <hl> three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "sentence_answer": "That is up from <hl> 46% <hl> three years ago and 32% in 1999.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d676b602b22cd4dfcfbfac4"}
-{"question": "What would the sons of a man from poland  with the name podwinski be called?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, such as Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Czech, etc. surnames change form depending on the gender of the bearer. For example, in Greece, if a man called Papadopoulos has a daughter, she will likely be named Papadopoulou (if the couple have decided their offspring will take the father's surname), since that name has a female version. In Poland, if the husband is named Podwi\u0144ski, and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska. The sons would be known as Podwi\u0144ski. In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named Vilkait\u0117. In Slovakia and Czech Republic alike, if a man is called Nov\u00e1k, the wife adds a feminine suffix \"-ov\u00e1\" to his surname after the marriage, hence Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1. The same is true for daughters which almost always inherit the father's surname with the feminine suffix.", "answer": "Podwi\u0144ski", "sentence": "In Poland, if the husband is named Podwi\u0144ski , and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, such as Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Czech, etc. surnames change form depending on the gender of the bearer. For example, in Greece, if a man called Papadopoulos has a daughter, she will likely be named Papadopoulou (if the couple have decided their offspring will take the father's surname), since that name has a female version. <hl> In Poland, if the husband is named Podwi\u0144ski , and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska. <hl> The sons would be known as Podwi\u0144ski. In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named Vilkait\u0117. In Slovakia and Czech Republic alike, if a man is called Nov\u00e1k, the wife adds a feminine suffix \"-ov\u00e1\" to his surname after the marriage, hence Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1. The same is true for daughters which almost always inherit the father's surname with the feminine suffix.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, such as Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Czech, etc. surnames change form depending on the gender of the bearer. For example, in Greece, if a man called Papadopoulos has a daughter, she will likely be named Papadopoulou (if the couple have decided their offspring will take the father's surname), since that name has a female version. In Poland, if the husband is named <hl> Podwi\u0144ski <hl>, and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska. The sons would be known as Podwi\u0144ski. In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named Vilkait\u0117. In Slovakia and Czech Republic alike, if a man is called Nov\u00e1k, the wife adds a feminine suffix \"-ov\u00e1\" to his surname after the marriage, hence Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1. The same is true for daughters which almost always inherit the father's surname with the feminine suffix.", "sentence_answer": "In Poland, if the husband is named <hl> Podwi\u0144ski <hl> , and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc552b22cd4dfcfbe8fe"}
-{"question": "What groups did Marc. Bekoff and Jessica Pierce argue have morality?", "paragraph": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "answer": "all mammals living in complex social groups", "sentence": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). <hl> They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "paragraph_answer": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by <hl> all mammals living in complex social groups <hl> (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "sentence_answer": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by <hl> all mammals living in complex social groups <hl> (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees).", "paragraph_id": "5d67656d2b22cd4dfcfbf9cc"}
-{"question": "What is the common rule of inference ?", "paragraph": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "answer": "one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution", "sentence": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution . <hl> If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "paragraph_answer": "For example, <hl> one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution <hl>. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66021a2b22cd4dfcfbd578"}
-{"question": "what gained national attention?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "violence against the homeless", "sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of <hl> violence against the homeless <hl> has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of <hl> violence against the homeless <hl> has gained national attention.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fb2b22cd4dfcfbdf59"}
-{"question": "What proof verifiers can take a sketch and fill in the missing pieces?", "paragraph": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input.  Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.  They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "answer": "Mizar and Isabelle", "sentence": " Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. <hl> Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". <hl> Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "paragraph_answer": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. Others, such as <hl> Mizar and Isabelle <hl>, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "sentence_answer": " Others, such as <hl> Mizar and Isabelle <hl> , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6675db2b22cd4dfcfbdfd7"}
-{"question": "Who did the Yugoslav Partisans assist in escaping from German POW camps?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "Allied soldiers", "sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. <hl> These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of <hl> Allied soldiers <hl> who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of <hl> Allied soldiers <hl> who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99e2b22cd4dfcfc00a2"}
-{"question": "Which type of stretched structure operates as a catenary in dual directions?", "paragraph": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "answer": "A fabric", "sentence": "A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. <hl> A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. <hl> A fabric <hl> structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A fabric <hl> structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6762ec2b22cd4dfcfbf978"}
-{"question": "When did the Armenian church distance itself from the Roman church?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "answer": "373", "sentence": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373 , King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373 , King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. <hl> Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in <hl> 373 <hl>, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in <hl> 373 <hl> , King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning.", "paragraph_id": "5d65892a2b22cd4dfcfbca22"}
-{"question": "What type of material was used to widen Lower Manhattan in the 19th century?", "paragraph": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "answer": "landfill", "sentence": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. <hl> When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "paragraph_answer": "Early in the 19th century, <hl> landfill <hl> was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "sentence_answer": "Early in the 19th century, <hl> landfill <hl> was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street.", "paragraph_id": "5d6720db2b22cd4dfcfbeffe"}
-{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9d"}
-{"question": "What city was at the center of the New York Campaign?", "paragraph": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "answer": "Manhattan", "sentence": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. <hl> The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Manhattan <hl> was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Manhattan <hl> was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701092b22cd4dfcfbe9fe"}
-{"question": "What was the name of the international governing competition founded in 1908?", "paragraph": "Lord Stanley's five sons were instrumental in bringing ice hockey to Europe, defeating a court team (which included the future Edward VII and George V) at Buckingham Palace in 1895. By 1903, a five-team league had been founded. The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910. The sport grew further in Europe in the 1920s, after ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Many bandy players switched to ice hockey so as to be able to compete in the Olympics. Bandy remained popular in the Soviet Union, which only started its ice hockey program in the 1950s. In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "answer": "Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace", "sentence": "The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lord Stanley's five sons were instrumental in bringing ice hockey to Europe, defeating a court team (which included the future Edward VII and George V) at Buckingham Palace in 1895. By 1903, a five-team league had been founded. <hl> The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910. <hl> The sport grew further in Europe in the 1920s, after ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Many bandy players switched to ice hockey so as to be able to compete in the Olympics. Bandy remained popular in the Soviet Union, which only started its ice hockey program in the 1950s. In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "paragraph_answer": "Lord Stanley's five sons were instrumental in bringing ice hockey to Europe, defeating a court team (which included the future Edward VII and George V) at Buckingham Palace in 1895. By 1903, a five-team league had been founded. The <hl> Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace <hl> was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910. The sport grew further in Europe in the 1920s, after ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Many bandy players switched to ice hockey so as to be able to compete in the Olympics. Bandy remained popular in the Soviet Union, which only started its ice hockey program in the 1950s. In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace <hl> was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665c52b22cd4dfcfbddc9"}
-{"question": "What does the executive order on U.S. flags govern?", "paragraph": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "answer": "flags made for or by the U.S. federal government", "sentence": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government . <hl> In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "paragraph_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only <hl> flags made for or by the U.S. federal government <hl>. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "sentence_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only <hl> flags made for or by the U.S. federal government <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666cb92b22cd4dfcfbde9b"}
-{"question": "What discipline focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders?", "paragraph": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "answer": "Psychiatry", "sentence": "Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. <hl> Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. <hl> Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "paragraph_answer": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. <hl> Psychiatry <hl> focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Psychiatry <hl> focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders.", "paragraph_id": "5d672dad2b22cd4dfcfbf1c4"}
-{"question": "What is one major artery in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "answer": "U.S. Route 7", "sentence": "Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. <hl> Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. Other major arteries in the state include <hl> U.S. Route 7 <hl> (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "sentence_answer": "Other major arteries in the state include <hl> U.S. Route 7 <hl> (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b982b22cd4dfcfbde89"}
-{"question": "How many years is basic science and liberal art courses?", "paragraph": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.\nThe first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours.\nClinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years.\nThe duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade.\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree.  Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "answer": "2 years", "sentence": "The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses.", "paragraph_sentence": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. <hl> The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. <hl> Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first <hl> 2 years <hl> in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "sentence_answer": "The first <hl> 2 years <hl> in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655c12b22cd4dfcfbdc36"}
-{"question": "What is earthquake engineering?", "paragraph": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "answer": "interaction of structures with the shaking ground,", "sentence": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the <hl> interaction of structures with the shaking ground, <hl> foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "sentence_answer": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the <hl> interaction of structures with the shaking ground, <hl> foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "paragraph_id": "5d6727fa2b22cd4dfcfbf114"}
-{"question": "When did the first stock insurance company in the US come into existence?", "paragraph": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792. Massachusetts enacted the first state law requiring insurance companies to maintain adequate reserves in 1837. Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851. In 1869, the State of New York appointed its own commissioner of insurance and created a state insurance department to move towards more comprehensive regulation of insurance at the state level.", "answer": "1792", "sentence": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792 . <hl> Massachusetts enacted the first state law requiring insurance companies to maintain adequate reserves in 1837. Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851. In 1869, the State of New York appointed its own commissioner of insurance and created a state insurance department to move towards more comprehensive regulation of insurance at the state level.", "paragraph_answer": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in <hl> 1792 <hl>. Massachusetts enacted the first state law requiring insurance companies to maintain adequate reserves in 1837. Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851. In 1869, the State of New York appointed its own commissioner of insurance and created a state insurance department to move towards more comprehensive regulation of insurance at the state level.", "sentence_answer": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in <hl> 1792 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65edce2b22cd4dfcfbd2f8"}
-{"question": "How large is the Baltic's dead zone?", "paragraph": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "answer": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi", "sentence": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. <hl> The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi <hl>) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi <hl> ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cd1c2b22cd4dfcfbcd9a"}
-{"question": "What did the large chimney provide?", "paragraph": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "answer": "cooking facilities and warmth during the winter", "sentence": "A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter .", "paragraph_sentence": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. <hl> A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter . <hl> One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "paragraph_answer": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided <hl> cooking facilities and warmth during the winter <hl>. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "sentence_answer": "A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided <hl> cooking facilities and warmth during the winter <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667dbe2b22cd4dfcfbe0a0"}
-{"question": "In which year the Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded?", "paragraph": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "answer": "1629", "sentence": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. <hl> They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in <hl> 1629 <hl> with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in <hl> 1629 <hl> with 400 settlers.", "paragraph_id": "5d662d0b2b22cd4dfcfbda8f"}
-{"question": "What kind of shelters does Indianapolis have?", "paragraph": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "answer": "faith-based shelters", "sentence": "Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters , such as the century-old Wheeler Mission.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. <hl> Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters , such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. <hl> In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "paragraph_answer": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only <hl> faith-based shelters <hl>, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "sentence_answer": "Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only <hl> faith-based shelters <hl> , such as the century-old Wheeler Mission.", "paragraph_id": "5d665ea32b22cd4dfcfbdccc"}
-{"question": "What did President Obama advocate raising in February of 2013?", "paragraph": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "answer": "minimum wage", "sentence": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. <hl> In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "President Obama advocated raising the <hl> minimum wage <hl> during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "sentence_answer": "President Obama advocated raising the <hl> minimum wage <hl> during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b1812b22cd4dfcfbffb2"}
-{"question": "Why would someone petition for trade adjustment assistance", "paragraph": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade. This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "answer": "due to jobs lost from international trade", "sentence": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade . <hl> This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "paragraph_answer": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, <hl> due to jobs lost from international trade <hl>. This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "sentence_answer": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, <hl> due to jobs lost from international trade <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5102b22cd4dfcfbe779"}
-{"question": "Cereal grasses began with what?", "paragraph": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "answer": "emmer, einkorn and barley", "sentence": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley ), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley ), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. <hl> Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "paragraph_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with <hl> emmer, einkorn and barley <hl>), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "sentence_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with <hl> emmer, einkorn and barley <hl> ), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d552b22cd4dfcfbf3af"}
-{"question": "What did Dharani Samhita do?", "paragraph": "Neighbouring cultures each had differing names for Manipur and its people. The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "answer": "Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "sentence": "Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neighbouring cultures each had differing names for Manipur and its people. The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. <hl> Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Neighbouring cultures each had differing names for Manipur and its people. The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. <hl> Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6701f52b22cd4dfcfbea1b"}
-{"question": "In what general area is the Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave located?", "paragraph": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "answer": "Mexican highlands", "sentence": "At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands , fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC.", "paragraph_sentence": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. <hl> At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands , fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. <hl> In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "paragraph_answer": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the <hl> Mexican highlands <hl>, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "sentence_answer": "At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the <hl> Mexican highlands <hl> , fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC.", "paragraph_id": "5d673fc82b22cd4dfcfbf3e6"}
-{"question": "Who was the founder of the newspaper?", "paragraph": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "answer": "Henry White", "sentence": "Its founder, Henry White , chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. <hl> Its founder, Henry White , chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. <hl> On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "paragraph_answer": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, <hl> Henry White <hl>, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "sentence_answer": "Its founder, <hl> Henry White <hl> , chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers.", "paragraph_id": "5d682b7f2b22cd4dfcfc0631"}
-{"question": "Tin fluroide has been shown to be more effective in controlling gingivitis than what commonly used chemical?", "paragraph": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "answer": "sodium fluoride", "sentence": "Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). <hl> Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. <hl> It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common <hl> sodium fluoride <hl> gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "sentence_answer": "Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common <hl> sodium fluoride <hl> gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds.", "paragraph_id": "5d6749f32b22cd4dfcfbf507"}
-{"question": "What day of the week is the Nationality Rooms Open House?", "paragraph": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "answer": "Sunday", "sentence": "A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "paragraph_sentence": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. <hl> A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a <hl> Sunday <hl> in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "sentence_answer": "A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a <hl> Sunday <hl> in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "paragraph_id": "5d676bb32b22cd4dfcfbfad7"}
-{"question": "How far back does the practice of a surname go?", "paragraph": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "answer": "relatively recent historical development", "sentence": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". <hl> Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "paragraph_answer": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a <hl> relatively recent historical development <hl>, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "sentence_answer": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a <hl> relatively recent historical development <hl> , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67ef592b22cd4dfcfc044f"}
-{"question": "What do the liberal wing of the Democrat party and Republican party have in common?", "paragraph": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "answer": "believe in the power of government to improve people's lives", "sentence": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives . <hl> Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, <hl> believe in the power of government to improve people's lives <hl>. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "sentence_answer": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, <hl> believe in the power of government to improve people's lives <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674a002b22cd4dfcfbf512"}
-{"question": "Which house has more political diversity?", "paragraph": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "answer": "Senate", "sentence": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate , like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate , like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". <hl> Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "paragraph_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the <hl> Senate <hl>, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "sentence_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the <hl> Senate <hl> , like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66d7f52b22cd4dfcfbe4c0"}
-{"question": "Who are the main rivals of The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "answer": "The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday", "sentence": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday , combined.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday , combined. <hl> While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, <hl> The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday <hl>, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, <hl> The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday <hl> , combined.", "paragraph_id": "5d6829382b22cd4dfcfc0612"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the type of class that is taught abroad but was established by Pitt faculty?", "paragraph": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns,  Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "answer": "Panther Programs", "sentence": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs , which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs , which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. <hl> The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the <hl> Panther Programs <hl>, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the <hl> Panther Programs <hl> , which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7f12b22cd4dfcfc0207"}
-{"question": "Pitt was intended to be a sister school to another school located where?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "Philadelphia", "sentence": "The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia .", "paragraph_sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. <hl> The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia . <hl> By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in <hl> Philadelphia <hl>. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in <hl> Philadelphia <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe90a"}
-{"question": "In what year did Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley present the Hodgkin-Huxley model?", "paragraph": "In 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "answer": "1952", "sentence": "In 1952 , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1952 , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. <hl> In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1952 <hl>, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1952 <hl> , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model.", "paragraph_id": "5d670eb22b22cd4dfcfbeca2"}
-{"question": "Percipitatiion on the planet Mars most likely is in what form?", "paragraph": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts.  Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones.  A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass.  Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas.  Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth.  When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "answer": "ice needles", "sentence": " When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles , rather than rain or snow.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. <hl> When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles , rather than rain or snow. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of <hl> ice needles <hl>, rather than rain or snow.", "sentence_answer": " When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of <hl> ice needles <hl> , rather than rain or snow.", "paragraph_id": "5d6781c02b22cd4dfcfbfdaf"}
-{"question": "What newspaper is this paragraph about?", "paragraph": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "answer": "The Sunday Times", "sentence": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. <hl> Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "paragraph_answer": "In July 2011 <hl> The Sunday Times <hl> was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "sentence_answer": "In July 2011 <hl> The Sunday Times <hl> was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750132b22cd4dfcfbf678"}
-{"question": "When was the Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble founded?", "paragraph": "University of Pittsburgh Orchestra performs several concerts and consists of music students, students from the University at large, faculty, staff, and members of the metropolitan community. The orchestra performs not only works of the standard art music literature, but also new works of student composers. Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in 1983 by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa. Under the direction of J. S. Kofi Gbolonyo, it presents a range of African artistic expressions including music, dance, drama and visual arts. Pitt Band, founded in 1911, is the varsity marching band of the University of Pittsburgh and performs at various athletic and other University events.", "answer": "1983", "sentence": "Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in 1983 by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "University of Pittsburgh Orchestra performs several concerts and consists of music students, students from the University at large, faculty, staff, and members of the metropolitan community. The orchestra performs not only works of the standard art music literature, but also new works of student composers. Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. <hl> Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in 1983 by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa. <hl> Under the direction of J. S. Kofi Gbolonyo, it presents a range of African artistic expressions including music, dance, drama and visual arts. Pitt Band, founded in 1911, is the varsity marching band of the University of Pittsburgh and performs at various athletic and other University events.", "paragraph_answer": "University of Pittsburgh Orchestra performs several concerts and consists of music students, students from the University at large, faculty, staff, and members of the metropolitan community. The orchestra performs not only works of the standard art music literature, but also new works of student composers. Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in <hl> 1983 <hl> by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa. Under the direction of J. S. Kofi Gbolonyo, it presents a range of African artistic expressions including music, dance, drama and visual arts. Pitt Band, founded in 1911, is the varsity marching band of the University of Pittsburgh and performs at various athletic and other University events.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in <hl> 1983 <hl> by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f81e2b22cd4dfcfbe844"}
-{"question": "What were the \"Religious Society of Friends\" also commonly referred to as?", "paragraph": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "answer": "(Quakers)", "sentence": "Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". <hl> Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. <hl> The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "paragraph_answer": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends <hl> (Quakers) <hl> and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "sentence_answer": "Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends <hl> (Quakers) <hl> and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce.", "paragraph_id": "5d66bb422b22cd4dfcfbe484"}
-{"question": "What does the Xbox One use for updates?", "paragraph": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications.\nMicrosoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". \nXbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "answer": "Xbox Live service", "sentence": "\nMicrosoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC.", "paragraph_sentence": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. <hl> Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. <hl> The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "paragraph_answer": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the <hl> Xbox Live service <hl> to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "sentence_answer": " Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the <hl> Xbox Live service <hl> to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC.", "paragraph_id": "5d672bda2b22cd4dfcfbf184"}
-{"question": "How many republicans agreed they would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one?", "paragraph": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "answer": "56%", "sentence": "A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing.", "paragraph_sentence": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". <hl> A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. <hl> Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "paragraph_answer": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with <hl> 56% <hl> of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "sentence_answer": "A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with <hl> 56% <hl> of Republicans agreeing.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8b02b22cd4dfcfc0302"}
-{"question": "Which Latin word does morality derive from from?", "paragraph": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "answer": "moralitas", "sentence": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper. <hl> Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Morality (from the Latin <hl> moralitas <hl> \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "sentence_answer": "Morality (from the Latin <hl> moralitas <hl> \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e39d2b22cd4dfcfc03a8"}
-{"question": "How much did the civilian population increase between October 2009 and September 2014?", "paragraph": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "answer": "10 million", "sentence": "The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million.", "paragraph_sentence": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. <hl> The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. <hl> However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "paragraph_answer": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. The civilian population increased by roughly <hl> 10 million <hl> during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "sentence_answer": "The civilian population increased by roughly <hl> 10 million <hl> during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million.", "paragraph_id": "5d674bb32b22cd4dfcfbf562"}
-{"question": "Manhattan is mainly what kind of workers?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in Manhattan (New York County) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. Manhattan also has the highest per capita income of any county in the United States.", "answer": "white collar", "sentence": "Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in Manhattan (New York County) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. <hl> Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. <hl> Manhattan also has the highest per capita income of any county in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in Manhattan (New York County) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on <hl> white collar <hl> professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. Manhattan also has the highest per capita income of any county in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on <hl> white collar <hl> professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct.", "paragraph_id": "5d67271b2b22cd4dfcfbf0f8"}
-{"question": "How many Republicans lost House seats in the November congressional elections?", "paragraph": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "answer": "7", "sentence": "In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. <hl> In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. <hl> However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost <hl> 7 <hl> seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost <hl> 7 <hl> seats in the House, they retained control.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0612b22cd4dfcfbe66a"}
-{"question": "In what year did The Hartford Convention fail?", "paragraph": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "answer": "1814", "sentence": "The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. <hl> The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. The failure of the Hartford Convention in <hl> 1814 <hl> hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "sentence_answer": "The failure of the Hartford Convention in <hl> 1814 <hl> hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "paragraph_id": "5d6625c22b22cd4dfcfbda12"}
-{"question": "How is the water of the rivers draining the Manipur Hills?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "These rivers are corrosive", "sentence": "These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season.", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. <hl> These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. <hl> Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. <hl> These rivers are corrosive <hl> and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> These rivers are corrosive <hl> and assume turbulent form in the rainy season.", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebb1"}
-{"question": "which coalition controlled American politics for 30  years?", "paragraph": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "answer": "The New Deal", "sentence": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. <hl> Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The New Deal <hl> coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The New Deal <hl> coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d9c2b22cd4dfcfbf3b8"}
-{"question": "During which war was Rotterdam at the edge of destruction?", "paragraph": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "answer": "World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz)", "sentence": "The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. <hl> The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. <hl> Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "paragraph_answer": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during <hl> World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) <hl> has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "sentence_answer": "The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during <hl> World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) <hl> has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcd92b22cd4dfcfbe938"}
-{"question": "What is the significance of 36 Browery in history?", "paragraph": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.\nAn examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\"  An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "answer": "New York City Draft Riots", "sentence": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots , when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots , when the building was used as a saloon. <hl> An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the <hl> New York City Draft Riots <hl>, when the building was used as a saloon. An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "sentence_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the <hl> New York City Draft Riots <hl> , when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b782b22cd4dfcfbd6bf"}
-{"question": "How might have Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of Latin?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own", "sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. <hl> On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_answer": "As <hl> vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own <hl>, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "As <hl> vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own <hl> , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically.", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9e"}
-{"question": "Does improving diet and participating in physical activity change lifestyle behaviors?", "paragraph": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "answer": "has not been found to significantly alter behavior", "sentence": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior , and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior , and thus is not recommended. <hl> It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity <hl> has not been found to significantly alter behavior <hl>, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "sentence_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity <hl> has not been found to significantly alter behavior <hl> , and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613b42b22cd4dfcfbd7c7"}
-{"question": "What is the name for the cost associated with an insurance policy?", "paragraph": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).  For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.  That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "answer": "the insurance premium", "sentence": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( the insurance premium )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( the insurance premium ) <hl> . For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (<hl> the insurance premium <hl>). For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "sentence_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( <hl> the insurance premium <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65ebfe2b22cd4dfcfbd2ae"}
-{"question": "In 1890, which city had the world's tallest building?", "paragraph": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "answer": "New York City", "sentence": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City 's identity since the end of the 19th century.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City 's identity since the end of the 19th century. <hl> From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with <hl> New York City <hl>'s identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "sentence_answer": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with <hl> New York City <hl> 's identity since the end of the 19th century.", "paragraph_id": "5d67244f2b22cd4dfcfbf072"}
-{"question": "Which institution was Norman Johnson a member of?", "paragraph": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "answer": "Los Alamos National Laboratory", "sentence": "Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing.", "paragraph_sentence": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. <hl> Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. <hl> An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "paragraph_answer": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. Norman Johnson of <hl> Los Alamos National Laboratory <hl> wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "sentence_answer": "Norman Johnson of <hl> Los Alamos National Laboratory <hl> wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9b72b22cd4dfcfbd255"}
-{"question": "When did the city's name change again?", "paragraph": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "answer": "After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE", "sentence": "After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires.", "paragraph_sentence": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. <hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. <hl> It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "paragraph_answer": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. <hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE <hl>, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE <hl> , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de7f2b22cd4dfcfbd013"}
-{"question": "What kind of diet can decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol  and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "answer": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables", "sentence": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. <hl> Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> A diet high in fruits and vegetables <hl> decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A diet high in fruits and vegetables <hl> decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0052b22cd4dfcfbcb54"}
-{"question": "Pyramids were built frequently because of what?", "paragraph": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape.  The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "answer": "structural stability", "sentence": "that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape.", "paragraph_sentence": "However, it's important to note <hl> that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape. <hl> The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "paragraph_answer": "However, it's important to note that the <hl> structural stability <hl> of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape. The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "sentence_answer": "that the <hl> structural stability <hl> of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape.", "paragraph_id": "5d675f612b22cd4dfcfbf8f8"}
-{"question": "In what years did states begin to legalize same sex marriage?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "2010s", "sentence": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "paragraph_sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. <hl> As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the <hl> 2010s <hl>, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the <hl> 2010s <hl> , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "paragraph_id": "5d674cd32b22cd4dfcfbf59a"}
-{"question": "Ohalo II is dated to when?", "paragraph": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "answer": "19,400 BP", "sentence": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. <hl> Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "paragraph_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around <hl> 19,400 BP <hl> has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "sentence_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around <hl> 19,400 BP <hl> has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0d42b22cd4dfcfbe686"}
-{"question": "In which year did the Pueblo revolt occur?", "paragraph": "Throughout the 16th century, Spain explored the southwest from Mexico with the most notable explorer being Francisco Coronado whose expedition rode throughout modern New Mexico and Arizona. The Spanish, moving north from Mexico, settled villages in the upper valley of the Rio Grande, including much of the western half of the present-day state of New Mexico. The capital was Santa Fe. Local Indians expelled the Spanish for 12 years following the Pueblo Revolt of 1680; they returned in 1692 in the \"bloodless\" reoccupation of Santa Fe. Control was by Spain (223 years) and Mexico (25 years) until 1846, when the American Army of the West took over in the Mexican\u2013American War. About of a third of the population in the 21st century descends from the Spanish settlers.", "answer": "1680", "sentence": "Local Indians expelled the Spanish for 12 years following the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 ; they returned in 1692 in the \"bloodless\" reoccupation of Santa Fe.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout the 16th century, Spain explored the southwest from Mexico with the most notable explorer being Francisco Coronado whose expedition rode throughout modern New Mexico and Arizona. The Spanish, moving north from Mexico, settled villages in the upper valley of the Rio Grande, including much of the western half of the present-day state of New Mexico. The capital was Santa Fe. <hl> Local Indians expelled the Spanish for 12 years following the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 ; they returned in 1692 in the \"bloodless\" reoccupation of Santa Fe. <hl> Control was by Spain (223 years) and Mexico (25 years) until 1846, when the American Army of the West took over in the Mexican\u2013American War. About of a third of the population in the 21st century descends from the Spanish settlers.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the 16th century, Spain explored the southwest from Mexico with the most notable explorer being Francisco Coronado whose expedition rode throughout modern New Mexico and Arizona. The Spanish, moving north from Mexico, settled villages in the upper valley of the Rio Grande, including much of the western half of the present-day state of New Mexico. The capital was Santa Fe. Local Indians expelled the Spanish for 12 years following the Pueblo Revolt of <hl> 1680 <hl>; they returned in 1692 in the \"bloodless\" reoccupation of Santa Fe. Control was by Spain (223 years) and Mexico (25 years) until 1846, when the American Army of the West took over in the Mexican\u2013American War. About of a third of the population in the 21st century descends from the Spanish settlers.", "sentence_answer": "Local Indians expelled the Spanish for 12 years following the Pueblo Revolt of <hl> 1680 <hl> ; they returned in 1692 in the \"bloodless\" reoccupation of Santa Fe.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0c92b22cd4dfcfbd095"}
-{"question": "The western boundary could not be closer than 10 miles of what?", "paragraph": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "answer": "Hudson River", "sentence": "\"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River .", "paragraph_sentence": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). <hl> \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River . <hl> This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_answer": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of <hl> Hudson River <hl>. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "\"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of <hl> Hudson River <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6783222b22cd4dfcfbfdd3"}
-{"question": "Who rated Windows ME as one of the worst operating systems of all time?", "paragraph": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "answer": "PC World", "sentence": "PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. <hl> PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. <hl> PC World <hl> considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> PC World <hl> considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f292b22cd4dfcfbecc1"}
-{"question": "What is the elevation of Mount Aconcagua?", "paragraph": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "answer": "6,961 m", "sentence": "The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. <hl> The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. <hl> The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about <hl> 6,961 m <hl> (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "sentence_answer": "The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about <hl> 6,961 m <hl> (22,838 ft) above sea level.", "paragraph_id": "5d6596ea2b22cd4dfcfbca36"}
-{"question": "What is the more expensive plating when it comes to protecting the brass?", "paragraph": "Prior to final assembly, the manufacturers usually apply a thin coating of clear or colored acrylic lacquer, or silver plate, over the bare brass. The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation, and maintains its shiny appearance. Several different types and colors of surface finish have been used over the years. It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold, and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. Plating saxophones with gold is an expensive process because gold does not adhere directly to brass. As a result, the brass is first plated with silver, then gold.", "answer": "gold", "sentence": "It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to final assembly, the manufacturers usually apply a thin coating of clear or colored acrylic lacquer, or silver plate, over the bare brass. The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation, and maintains its shiny appearance. Several different types and colors of surface finish have been used over the years. <hl> It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. <hl> Plating saxophones with gold is an expensive process because gold does not adhere directly to brass. As a result, the brass is first plated with silver, then gold.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to final assembly, the manufacturers usually apply a thin coating of clear or colored acrylic lacquer, or silver plate, over the bare brass. The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation, and maintains its shiny appearance. Several different types and colors of surface finish have been used over the years. It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or <hl> gold <hl>, and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. Plating saxophones with gold is an expensive process because gold does not adhere directly to brass. As a result, the brass is first plated with silver, then gold.", "sentence_answer": "It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or <hl> gold <hl> , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8f92b22cd4dfcfc006f"}
-{"question": "What river does the Lincoln Tunnel go under?", "paragraph": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "answer": "the Hudson River", "sentence": "The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. <hl> The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. <hl> The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "paragraph_answer": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under <hl> the Hudson River <hl> between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "sentence_answer": "The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under <hl> the Hudson River <hl> between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f23a2b22cd4dfcfbe6cf"}
-{"question": "In which year the Tea Act was passed?", "paragraph": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "answer": "1773", "sentence": "First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( 1773 ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: <hl> First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( 1773 ). <hl> In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_answer": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (<hl> 1773 <hl>). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "sentence_answer": "First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( <hl> 1773 <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67715e2b22cd4dfcfbfbe6"}
-{"question": "What is the ratio of millionaires per capita in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's per capita personal income in 2013 was estimated at $60,847, the highest of any state. There is, however, a great disparity in incomes throughout the state; after New York, Connecticut had the second largest gap nationwide between the average incomes of the top 1 percent and the average incomes of the bottom 99 percent. According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, Connecticut had the third-largest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, with a ratio of 7.32 percent. New Canaan is the wealthiest town in Connecticut, with a per capita income of $85,459. Darien, Greenwich, Weston, Westport and Wilton also have per capita incomes over $65,000. Hartford is the poorest municipality in Connecticut, with a per capita income of $13,428 in 2000.", "answer": "7.32 percent", "sentence": "According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, Connecticut had the third-largest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, with a ratio of 7.32 percent .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut's per capita personal income in 2013 was estimated at $60,847, the highest of any state. There is, however, a great disparity in incomes throughout the state; after New York, Connecticut had the second largest gap nationwide between the average incomes of the top 1 percent and the average incomes of the bottom 99 percent. <hl> According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, Connecticut had the third-largest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, with a ratio of 7.32 percent . <hl> New Canaan is the wealthiest town in Connecticut, with a per capita income of $85,459. Darien, Greenwich, Weston, Westport and Wilton also have per capita incomes over $65,000. Hartford is the poorest municipality in Connecticut, with a per capita income of $13,428 in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's per capita personal income in 2013 was estimated at $60,847, the highest of any state. There is, however, a great disparity in incomes throughout the state; after New York, Connecticut had the second largest gap nationwide between the average incomes of the top 1 percent and the average incomes of the bottom 99 percent. According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, Connecticut had the third-largest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, with a ratio of <hl> 7.32 percent <hl>. New Canaan is the wealthiest town in Connecticut, with a per capita income of $85,459. Darien, Greenwich, Weston, Westport and Wilton also have per capita incomes over $65,000. Hartford is the poorest municipality in Connecticut, with a per capita income of $13,428 in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, Connecticut had the third-largest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, with a ratio of <hl> 7.32 percent <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6663ea2b22cd4dfcfbdd79"}
-{"question": "Medical education is how many years old in Taiwan?", "paragraph": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.\nThe first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours.\nClinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years.\nThe duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade.\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree.  Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "answer": "100 years", "sentence": "\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now.", "paragraph_sentence": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. <hl> Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. <hl> Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over <hl> 100 years <hl> old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "sentence_answer": " Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over <hl> 100 years <hl> old now.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655c12b22cd4dfcfbdc38"}
-{"question": "Who advocated anarchism in Germany?", "paragraph": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "answer": "Thomas Muenzer", "sentence": "In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer ; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. <hl> In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer ; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. <hl> The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "paragraph_answer": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was <hl> Thomas Muenzer <hl>; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "sentence_answer": "In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was <hl> Thomas Muenzer <hl> ; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd922b22cd4dfcfbcfbe"}
-{"question": "What kind of freedom did members have in elections?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation. However the basis for elements of Marxism\u2013Leninism predate this. Marxism\u2013Leninism descends from the Bolshevik (\"Majority\") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik faction led by Lenin advocated an active, politically committed vanguard party membership while opposing trade union based membership of social democratic parties. The Bolsheviks supported a vanguard Marxist party composed of active militants committed to socialism who would initiate communist revolution. The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders.", "answer": "elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders.", "sentence": "The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders.", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation. However the basis for elements of Marxism\u2013Leninism predate this. Marxism\u2013Leninism descends from the Bolshevik (\"Majority\") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik faction led by Lenin advocated an active, politically committed vanguard party membership while opposing trade union based membership of social democratic parties. The Bolsheviks supported a vanguard Marxist party composed of active militants committed to socialism who would initiate communist revolution. <hl> The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation. However the basis for elements of Marxism\u2013Leninism predate this. Marxism\u2013Leninism descends from the Bolshevik (\"Majority\") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik faction led by Lenin advocated an active, politically committed vanguard party membership while opposing trade union based membership of social democratic parties. The Bolsheviks supported a vanguard Marxist party composed of active militants committed to socialism who would initiate communist revolution. The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to <hl> elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to <hl> elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6709182b22cd4dfcfbeb74"}
-{"question": "what company solved the problems preventing the use of using tin in commercial Li-ion batteries?", "paragraph": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "answer": "Sony", "sentence": "The problem was partially solved by Sony .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. <hl> The problem was partially solved by Sony . <hl> Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by <hl> Sony <hl>. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "sentence_answer": "The problem was partially solved by <hl> Sony <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674c572b22cd4dfcfbf57e"}
-{"question": "When was the peak of the re-evaluation of the Western value system?", "paragraph": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism.  It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "answer": "1968", "sentence": "These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968 \u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. <hl> These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968 \u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. <hl> Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of <hl> 1968 <hl>\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "sentence_answer": "These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of <hl> 1968 <hl> \u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2e2b22cd4dfcfbf62e"}
-{"question": "What are GUIs?", "paragraph": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android, which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. However, comparisons across different markets are not fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.", "answer": "graphical user interfaces", "sentence": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). <hl> Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android, which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. However, comparisons across different markets are not fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.", "paragraph_answer": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in <hl> graphical user interfaces <hl> (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android, which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. However, comparisons across different markets are not fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.", "sentence_answer": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in <hl> graphical user interfaces <hl> (GUIs).", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee342b22cd4dfcfbe59d"}
-{"question": "What is the translation for the Dutch phrase, \"Huis van Hoop?\"", "paragraph": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "answer": "\"House of Hope\"", "sentence": "After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_sentence": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. <hl> After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called <hl> \"House of Hope\" <hl> (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "sentence_answer": "After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called <hl> \"House of Hope\" <hl> (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_id": "5d6676582b22cd4dfcfbdffd"}
-{"question": "Before what age is aspirin therapy not advised in women?", "paragraph": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "answer": "55", "sentence": "The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. <hl> The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. <hl> Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "paragraph_answer": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than <hl> 55 <hl> and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "sentence_answer": "The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than <hl> 55 <hl> and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals.", "paragraph_id": "5d66122a2b22cd4dfcfbd7ac"}
-{"question": "What is the last server edition of Windows to support IA-64?", "paragraph": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "answer": "Server 2008 R2", "sentence": "Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. <hl> Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows <hl> Server 2008 R2 <hl> is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "sentence_answer": "Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows <hl> Server 2008 R2 <hl> is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_id": "5d67aa7b2b22cd4dfcfbff6c"}
-{"question": "what reaction combines organotin with organic halides or pseudohalides?", "paragraph": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "answer": "Stille reaction", "sentence": "The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. <hl> The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. The <hl> Stille reaction <hl> couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Stille reaction <hl> couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748812b22cd4dfcfbf4e4"}
-{"question": "What are two major international music labels?", "paragraph": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "answer": "Sony Music and Universal", "sentence": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. <hl> Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The major international music labels such as <hl> Sony Music and Universal <hl> have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The major international music labels such as <hl> Sony Music and Universal <hl> have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner.", "paragraph_id": "5d666ede2b22cd4dfcfbded0"}
-{"question": "What was Thalidomide associated with?", "paragraph": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "answer": "birth defects", "sentence": "On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects , and quickly withdrawn.", "paragraph_sentence": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. <hl> On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects , and quickly withdrawn. <hl> The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "paragraph_answer": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with <hl> birth defects <hl>, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "sentence_answer": "On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with <hl> birth defects <hl> , and quickly withdrawn.", "paragraph_id": "5d67735b2b22cd4dfcfbfc31"}
-{"question": "What were guns exchanged for at that time?", "paragraph": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "answer": "slaves", "sentence": "Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves .", "paragraph_sentence": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. <hl> Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves . <hl> 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "paragraph_answer": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for <hl> slaves <hl>. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "sentence_answer": "Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for <hl> slaves <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65db482b22cd4dfcfbcf3a"}
-{"question": "With what have the rest of candidates won with?", "paragraph": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "answer": "\"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign", "sentence": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign ; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign ; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. <hl> A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "paragraph_answer": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a <hl> \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign <hl>; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "sentence_answer": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a <hl> \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign <hl> ; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success.", "paragraph_id": "5d6683732b22cd4dfcfbe167"}
-{"question": "Do Republicans want one federal law on gay marriage?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "sentence": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. <hl> As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. <hl> As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f6d2b22cd4dfcfbecd7"}
-{"question": "What is one of the most diverse small city in Britain?", "paragraph": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "answer": "Oxford", "sentence": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. <hl> Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "paragraph_answer": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given <hl> Oxford <hl> a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "sentence_answer": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given <hl> Oxford <hl> a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival.", "paragraph_id": "5d6763c02b22cd4dfcfbf99c"}
-{"question": "When were the UConn Huskies women's basketball team prevented from winning 91 games in a row?", "paragraph": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "answer": "2008", "sentence": "The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008 .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "paragraph_sentence": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. <hl> The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008 .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in <hl> 2008 <hl>.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "sentence_answer": "The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in <hl> 2008 <hl> .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f68a2b22cd4dfcfbd430"}
-{"question": "What is a well known New York City public high school?", "paragraph": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "answer": "Beacon High School", "sentence": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. <hl> Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as <hl> Beacon High School <hl>, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "sentence_answer": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as <hl> Beacon High School <hl> , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5392b22cd4dfcfbfeec"}
-{"question": "What ferry is used to get from Manhattan to Staten Island?", "paragraph": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "answer": "Staten Island Ferry", "sentence": "Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge.", "paragraph_sentence": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. <hl> Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. <hl> The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "paragraph_answer": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the <hl> Staten Island Ferry <hl> across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "sentence_answer": "Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the <hl> Staten Island Ferry <hl> across New York Harbor, which is free of charge.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0ea2b22cd4dfcfbe690"}
-{"question": "From where does pierced tin technique originate from?", "paragraph": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "answer": "central Europe", "sentence": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. <hl> Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "paragraph_answer": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in <hl> central Europe <hl> for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "sentence_answer": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in <hl> central Europe <hl> for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bf0c2b22cd4dfcfc0141"}
-{"question": "Who emphasized that free markets are decentralized systems?", "paragraph": "Free market ideas popular in the 19th century, such as those of Adam Smith  returned to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide. As Eleanor Doyle writes: \"Economic decision-making in free markets is decentralized across all the individuals dispersed in each market and is synchronized or coordinated by the price system.\" The individual right to property is part of this decentralized system. Analyzing the problems of central government control, Hayek wrote in The Road to Serfdom:", "answer": "Friedrich von Hayek", "sentence": "Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide.", "paragraph_sentence": "Free market ideas popular in the 19th century, such as those of Adam Smith returned to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. <hl> Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide. <hl> As Eleanor Doyle writes: \"Economic decision-making in free markets is decentralized across all the individuals dispersed in each market and is synchronized or coordinated by the price system.\" The individual right to property is part of this decentralized system. Analyzing the problems of central government control, Hayek wrote in The Road to Serfdom:", "paragraph_answer": "Free market ideas popular in the 19th century, such as those of Adam Smith returned to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist <hl> Friedrich von Hayek <hl> emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide. As Eleanor Doyle writes: \"Economic decision-making in free markets is decentralized across all the individuals dispersed in each market and is synchronized or coordinated by the price system.\" The individual right to property is part of this decentralized system. Analyzing the problems of central government control, Hayek wrote in The Road to Serfdom:", "sentence_answer": "Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist <hl> Friedrich von Hayek <hl> emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1712b22cd4dfcfbd0bc"}
-{"question": "What does NYMEX stand for?", "paragraph": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "answer": "New York Mercantile Exchange", "sentence": "The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. <hl> The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. <hl> In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "paragraph_answer": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the <hl> New York Mercantile Exchange <hl> (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "sentence_answer": "The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the <hl> New York Mercantile Exchange <hl> (NYMEX) are also located downtown.", "paragraph_id": "5d6846c72b22cd4dfcfc06a9"}
-{"question": "The Pittsburgh campus historic buildings are part of what district?", "paragraph": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "answer": "Schenley Farms Historic District", "sentence": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_sentence": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. <hl> The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. <hl> The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "paragraph_answer": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the <hl> Schenley Farms Historic District <hl>, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "sentence_answer": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the <hl> Schenley Farms Historic District <hl> , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f9772b22cd4dfcfbe8b0"}
-{"question": "Where did the captives who were sold usually come from?", "paragraph": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "answer": "neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups", "sentence": "The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ;", "paragraph_sentence": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. <hl> The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; <hl> African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from <hl> neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups <hl>.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from <hl> neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups <hl> .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ;", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8882b22cd4dfcfbd494"}
-{"question": "How are the names order in citations?", "paragraph": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "answer": "\"last, first middle,\"", "sentence": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to <hl> \"last, first middle,\" <hl> with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "sentence_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to <hl> \"last, first middle,\" <hl> with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d92b22cd4dfcfbff1d"}
-{"question": "What did the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria suggest to African countries demanding an apology?", "paragraph": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "answer": "African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame", "sentence": "In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. <hl> In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if <hl> African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame <hl> and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "sentence_answer": "In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if <hl> African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame <hl> and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6687752b22cd4dfcfbe1f1"}
-{"question": "Why did the federal government agree to furlough soldiers?", "paragraph": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "answer": "running at half capacity", "sentence": "Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. <hl> Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing <hl> running at half capacity <hl>, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "sentence_answer": "Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing <hl> running at half capacity <hl> , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_id": "5d662a912b22cd4dfcfbda73"}
-{"question": "Private property would be respected by which morality?", "paragraph": "Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive: it defines a person\u2019s territory, including his or her property and dependents, which is not to be damaged or interfered with. Apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual. These norms will be arbitrary, culturally dependent and \u2018flexible\u2019, whereas territorial morality aims at rules which are universal and absolute, such as Kant\u2019s \u2018categorical imperative\u2019 and Geisler's graded absolutism. Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property, and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "answer": "private property", "sentence": "Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property , and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "paragraph_sentence": "Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive: it defines a person\u2019s territory, including his or her property and dependents, which is not to be damaged or interfered with. Apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual. These norms will be arbitrary, culturally dependent and \u2018flexible\u2019, whereas territorial morality aims at rules which are universal and absolute, such as Kant\u2019s \u2018categorical imperative\u2019 and Geisler's graded absolutism. <hl> Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property , and the ascendancy of contract over status. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive: it defines a person\u2019s territory, including his or her property and dependents, which is not to be damaged or interfered with. Apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual. These norms will be arbitrary, culturally dependent and \u2018flexible\u2019, whereas territorial morality aims at rules which are universal and absolute, such as Kant\u2019s \u2018categorical imperative\u2019 and Geisler's graded absolutism. Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of <hl> private property <hl>, and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "sentence_answer": "Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of <hl> private property <hl> , and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702a12b22cd4dfcfbea48"}
-{"question": "What are the some of the problems of replacing lead in a lead and tin alloy?", "paragraph": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "answer": "a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems", "sentence": "Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. <hl> Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems . <hl> Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including <hl> a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems <hl>. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "sentence_answer": "Replacing lead has many problems, including <hl> a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670b8a2b22cd4dfcfbebf9"}
-{"question": "Americans feel that the best way to keep jobs here is to keep what in the United States?", "paragraph": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "answer": "manufacturing", "sentence": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. <hl> Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "paragraph_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep <hl> manufacturing <hl> in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "sentence_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep <hl> manufacturing <hl> in this country and stop sending work overseas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6763a52b22cd4dfcfbf988"}
-{"question": "Who started drilling their militia?", "paragraph": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "answer": "13 colonies", "sentence": "By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). <hl> By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the <hl> 13 colonies <hl> had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "sentence_answer": "By this point the <hl> 13 colonies <hl> had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_id": "5d67715e2b22cd4dfcfbfbe4"}
-{"question": "Around what year did the population begin to stabilize?", "paragraph": "Since the social history revolution in the 1970s historians have paid special attention to the role of women, family and gender in the colonial South. In the early Chesapeake colonies, very few women were present. In 1650, estimates put Maryland's total population near six hundred with fewer than two hundred women present. Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants, and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. African women entered the colony as early as 1619, although their status: free, slave or indentured servant remains a historical debate. In the 17th century high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists. These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. These extreme conditions both demeaned and empowered women. Lacking male protectors, women, especially teenage girls who were indentured servants, often were vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. On the other hand, without parental oversight, young women had much more freedom in choosing spouses, and the shortage of eligible women enabled them to use marriage as an avenue to upward mobility. The high death rates meant that Chesapeake wives generally became widows who inherited property; many widows increased their property by remarrying as soon as possible. The population began to stabilize around 1700, with a 1704 census listing 30,437 white people present with 7,163 of those being women. Women married younger, remained wed longer, bore more children, and lost influence within the family polity.", "answer": "1700", "sentence": "These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the social history revolution in the 1970s historians have paid special attention to the role of women, family and gender in the colonial South. In the early Chesapeake colonies, very few women were present. In 1650, estimates put Maryland's total population near six hundred with fewer than two hundred women present. Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants, and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. African women entered the colony as early as 1619, although their status: free, slave or indentured servant remains a historical debate. In the 17th century high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists. <hl> These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. <hl> These extreme conditions both demeaned and empowered women. Lacking male protectors, women, especially teenage girls who were indentured servants, often were vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. On the other hand, without parental oversight, young women had much more freedom in choosing spouses, and the shortage of eligible women enabled them to use marriage as an avenue to upward mobility. The high death rates meant that Chesapeake wives generally became widows who inherited property; many widows increased their property by remarrying as soon as possible. The population began to stabilize around 1700, with a 1704 census listing 30,437 white people present with 7,163 of those being women. Women married younger, remained wed longer, bore more children, and lost influence within the family polity.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the social history revolution in the 1970s historians have paid special attention to the role of women, family and gender in the colonial South. In the early Chesapeake colonies, very few women were present. In 1650, estimates put Maryland's total population near six hundred with fewer than two hundred women present. Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants, and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. African women entered the colony as early as 1619, although their status: free, slave or indentured servant remains a historical debate. In the 17th century high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists. These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before <hl> 1700 <hl> fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. These extreme conditions both demeaned and empowered women. Lacking male protectors, women, especially teenage girls who were indentured servants, often were vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. On the other hand, without parental oversight, young women had much more freedom in choosing spouses, and the shortage of eligible women enabled them to use marriage as an avenue to upward mobility. The high death rates meant that Chesapeake wives generally became widows who inherited property; many widows increased their property by remarrying as soon as possible. The population began to stabilize around 1700, with a 1704 census listing 30,437 white people present with 7,163 of those being women. Women married younger, remained wed longer, bore more children, and lost influence within the family polity.", "sentence_answer": "These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before <hl> 1700 <hl> fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England.", "paragraph_id": "5d660fbd2b22cd4dfcfbd76c"}
-{"question": "How many travelers did Istanbul Ataturk serve in 2013?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast.  Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "answer": "51.2 million", "sentence": "It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. <hl> It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. <hl> Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled <hl> 51.2 million <hl> passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "sentence_answer": "It handled <hl> 51.2 million <hl> passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609472b22cd4dfcfbd67e"}
-{"question": "Who selected the Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks?", "paragraph": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "answer": "Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation", "sentence": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition, the <hl> Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation <hl> has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, the <hl> Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation <hl> has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703952b22cd4dfcfbea74"}
-{"question": "Which instrument sounded at concert pitch?", "paragraph": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s,  Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "answer": "The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch.", "sentence": "The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "paragraph_sentence": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). <hl> The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). <hl> The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. <hl> All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. <hl> All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "paragraph_id": "5d674d9d2b22cd4dfcfbf5c1"}
-{"question": "It was a best selling magazine for who?", "paragraph": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "answer": "Britain", "sentence": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain 's", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain 's <hl> best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_answer": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is <hl> Britain <hl>'s best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "sentence_answer": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is <hl> Britain <hl> 's", "paragraph_id": "5d674e9a2b22cd4dfcfbf5f8"}
-{"question": "what happens after the sixth shot and the score still remain tie?", "paragraph": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "answer": "sudden death format", "sentence": "If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format .", "paragraph_sentence": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. <hl> If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format . <hl> Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "paragraph_answer": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a <hl> sudden death format <hl>. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a <hl> sudden death format <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666bf52b22cd4dfcfbde90"}
-{"question": "What are lenses classified by?", "paragraph": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "answer": "the curvature of the two optical surfaces", "sentence": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces . <hl> A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenses are classified by <hl> the curvature of the two optical surfaces <hl>. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "sentence_answer": "Lenses are classified by <hl> the curvature of the two optical surfaces <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6786f82b22cd4dfcfbfe00"}
-{"question": "What was A.W.O.L. called when pronounced as a word?", "paragraph": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "answer": "awol", "sentence": "For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word ( awol ), it became an acronym.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") <hl> For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word ( awol ), it became an acronym. <hl> While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (<hl> awol <hl>), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word ( <hl> awol <hl> ), it became an acronym.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4c42b22cd4dfcfbcc5c"}
-{"question": "What does the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process result of depletion of water vapor cause the droplet to do?", "paragraph": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets.  This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process.  The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.  These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.  These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground.  Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "answer": "evaporate", "sentence": " The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate , meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.", "paragraph_sentence": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process. <hl> The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate , meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. <hl> These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "paragraph_answer": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to <hl> evaporate <hl>, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "sentence_answer": " The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to <hl> evaporate <hl> , meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.", "paragraph_id": "5d6762b22b22cd4dfcfbf96d"}
-{"question": "Oranges and peaches where cultivated when?", "paragraph": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "answer": "around 2500 BC", "sentence": "They were cultivated around 2500 BC .", "paragraph_sentence": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. <hl> They were cultivated around 2500 BC . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated <hl> around 2500 BC <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "They were cultivated <hl> around 2500 BC <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2292b22cd4dfcfbe6c7"}
-{"question": "What is one major college established during the Great Awakening?", "paragraph": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "answer": "Princeton", "sentence": "To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. <hl> To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. <hl> The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "paragraph_answer": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including <hl> Princeton <hl> and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "sentence_answer": "To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including <hl> Princeton <hl> and Williams College.", "paragraph_id": "5d667ed82b22cd4dfcfbe0b6"}
-{"question": "What brought back the Connecticut Colony to England?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "void in political affairs", "sentence": "In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. <hl> In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. <hl> Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this <hl> void in political affairs <hl> and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this <hl> void in political affairs <hl> and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms.", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde6"}
-{"question": "Where is the Bay of Gda\u0144sk?", "paragraph": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat  and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "answer": "east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast", "sentence": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast . <hl> The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies <hl> east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast <hl>. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "sentence_answer": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies <hl> east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6615fb2b22cd4dfcfbd81c"}
-{"question": "What percentage said that free-trade agreements have hurt the US?", "paragraph": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "answer": "53%", "sentence": "An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53% , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S.", "paragraph_sentence": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. <hl> An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53% , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. <hl> That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, <hl> 53% <hl>, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "sentence_answer": "An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, <hl> 53% <hl> , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b602b22cd4dfcfbfac3"}
-{"question": "What approach does the government operate under?", "paragraph": "The Municipal Council is responsible for citywide issues, including managing the budget, maintaining civic infrastructure, and overseeing museums and major cultural centers. Since the government operates under a \"powerful mayor, weak council\" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee, although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. All representatives on the Committee are appointed by the metropolitan mayor and the Council, with the mayor\u2014or someone of his or her choosing\u2014serving as head.", "answer": "powerful mayor, weak council", "sentence": "Since the government operates under a \" powerful mayor, weak council \" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Municipal Council is responsible for citywide issues, including managing the budget, maintaining civic infrastructure, and overseeing museums and major cultural centers. <hl> Since the government operates under a \" powerful mayor, weak council \" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. <hl> The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee, although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. All representatives on the Committee are appointed by the metropolitan mayor and the Council, with the mayor\u2014or someone of his or her choosing\u2014serving as head.", "paragraph_answer": "The Municipal Council is responsible for citywide issues, including managing the budget, maintaining civic infrastructure, and overseeing museums and major cultural centers. Since the government operates under a \"<hl> powerful mayor, weak council <hl>\" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee, although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. All representatives on the Committee are appointed by the metropolitan mayor and the Council, with the mayor\u2014or someone of his or her choosing\u2014serving as head.", "sentence_answer": "Since the government operates under a \" <hl> powerful mayor, weak council <hl> \" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5e02b22cd4dfcfbd1b9"}
-{"question": "What two things does the rain shadow affect in the central Great Basin?", "paragraph": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California.  Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "answer": "climate and ecology", "sentence": "However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. <hl> However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. <hl> This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the <hl> climate and ecology <hl> of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the <hl> climate and ecology <hl> of the central Great Basin.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5582b22cd4dfcfbe7a0"}
-{"question": "When was the Western University of Pennsylvania renamed?", "paragraph": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of 1908. During this time, the University had also outgrown its accommodations on what is now the North Side of Pittsburgh and its departments had been scattered throughout the city for years. To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. In the fall of 1909, the University became the first college to adopt the panther as its mascot. It was also during this period that the university, led by Chancellor Samuel McCormick, again held off pressures to abandon the school's commitment to liberal education in favor of more technical-based training. During his administration, McCormick also led the university into a new level of national recognition, expansion, and growth, as well as beginning institutional support of athletics.", "answer": "1908", "sentence": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of 1908 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of 1908 . <hl> During this time, the University had also outgrown its accommodations on what is now the North Side of Pittsburgh and its departments had been scattered throughout the city for years. To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. In the fall of 1909, the University became the first college to adopt the panther as its mascot. It was also during this period that the university, led by Chancellor Samuel McCormick, again held off pressures to abandon the school's commitment to liberal education in favor of more technical-based training. During his administration, McCormick also led the university into a new level of national recognition, expansion, and growth, as well as beginning institutional support of athletics.", "paragraph_answer": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of <hl> 1908 <hl>. During this time, the University had also outgrown its accommodations on what is now the North Side of Pittsburgh and its departments had been scattered throughout the city for years. To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. In the fall of 1909, the University became the first college to adopt the panther as its mascot. It was also during this period that the university, led by Chancellor Samuel McCormick, again held off pressures to abandon the school's commitment to liberal education in favor of more technical-based training. During his administration, McCormick also led the university into a new level of national recognition, expansion, and growth, as well as beginning institutional support of athletics.", "sentence_answer": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of <hl> 1908 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4162b22cd4dfcfbe742"}
-{"question": "What is increasing the use of tin?", "paragraph": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "answer": "recycling of scrap", "sentence": "The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly.", "paragraph_sentence": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. <hl> The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. <hl> Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or <hl> recycling of scrap <hl> tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "The recovery of tin through secondary production, or <hl> recycling of scrap <hl> tin, is increasing rapidly.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c152b22cd4dfcfbfd37"}
-{"question": "In what area did Russia remain a great power?", "paragraph": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "answer": "Baltic", "sentence": "Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. <hl> Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic . <hl> Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "paragraph_answer": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the <hl> Baltic <hl>. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "sentence_answer": "Russia became and remained a dominating power in the <hl> Baltic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d663b6b2b22cd4dfcfbdb33"}
-{"question": "When was SFN founded?", "paragraph": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries.  Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily:  as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.  Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "answer": "1969", "sentence": " Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily:  as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries. <hl> Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. <hl> Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "paragraph_answer": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries. Since its founding in <hl> 1969 <hl> the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "sentence_answer": " Since its founding in <hl> 1969 <hl> the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d672e842b22cd4dfcfbf1df"}
-{"question": "what type of fats found in hydrogenated vegetable oils pose a risk for cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "answer": "trans fats", "sentence": "In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats , such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. <hl> In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats , such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of <hl> trans fats <hl>, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "sentence_answer": "In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of <hl> trans fats <hl> , such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_id": "5d6805cf2b22cd4dfcfc0516"}
-{"question": "How many states comprise the United States of America?", "paragraph": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "answer": "50", "sentence": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> 50 <hl> states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> 50 <hl> states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6a92b22cd4dfcfbe7f6"}
-{"question": "Who can animals in close-knit groups rely on to feed them when hungry?", "paragraph": "The phenomenon of reciprocity in nature is seen by evolutionary biologists as one way to begin to understand human morality. Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably. For example, some vampire bats fail to feed on prey some nights while others manage to consume a surplus. Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on other group members to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "answer": "other group members", "sentence": "Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on other group members to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "paragraph_sentence": "The phenomenon of reciprocity in nature is seen by evolutionary biologists as one way to begin to understand human morality. Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably. For example, some vampire bats fail to feed on prey some nights while others manage to consume a surplus. Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. <hl> Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on other group members to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984) <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The phenomenon of reciprocity in nature is seen by evolutionary biologists as one way to begin to understand human morality. Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably. For example, some vampire bats fail to feed on prey some nights while others manage to consume a surplus. Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on <hl> other group members <hl> to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "sentence_answer": "Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on <hl> other group members <hl> to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "paragraph_id": "5d67644a2b22cd4dfcfbf9b2"}
-{"question": "During which war did the Atlantic slave trade reach its peak?", "paragraph": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War. Wars among tiny states along the Niger River's Igbo-inhabited region and the accompanying banditry also spiked in this period. Another reason for surplus supply of enslaved people was major warfare conducted by expanding states, such as the kingdom of Dahomey, the Oyo Empire, and the Asante Empire.", "answer": "the Kongo Civil War", "sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War .", "paragraph_sentence": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). <hl> The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War . <hl> Wars among tiny states along the Niger River's Igbo-inhabited region and the accompanying banditry also spiked in this period. Another reason for surplus supply of enslaved people was major warfare conducted by expanding states, such as the kingdom of Dahomey, the Oyo Empire, and the Asante Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following <hl> the Kongo Civil War <hl>. Wars among tiny states along the Niger River's Igbo-inhabited region and the accompanying banditry also spiked in this period. Another reason for surplus supply of enslaved people was major warfare conducted by expanding states, such as the kingdom of Dahomey, the Oyo Empire, and the Asante Empire.", "sentence_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following <hl> the Kongo Civil War <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66438b2b22cd4dfcfbdbae"}
-{"question": "When was the entrenchment of Bolshevik power began?", "paragraph": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in 1918 with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets. The Bolshevik government established the Cheka, a secret police force dedicated to confronting anti-Bolshevik elements. The Cheka was the predecessor to the NKVD and the KGB. Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. Lenin repressed opposition political parties. Intense political struggle continued until 1922.", "answer": "1918", "sentence": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in 1918 with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in 1918 with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets. <hl> The Bolshevik government established the Cheka, a secret police force dedicated to confronting anti-Bolshevik elements. The Cheka was the predecessor to the NKVD and the KGB. Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. Lenin repressed opposition political parties. Intense political struggle continued until 1922.", "paragraph_answer": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in <hl> 1918 <hl> with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets. The Bolshevik government established the Cheka, a secret police force dedicated to confronting anti-Bolshevik elements. The Cheka was the predecessor to the NKVD and the KGB. Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. Lenin repressed opposition political parties. Intense political struggle continued until 1922.", "sentence_answer": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in <hl> 1918 <hl> with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets.", "paragraph_id": "5d6818ba2b22cd4dfcfc05ae"}
-{"question": "How many children on average survived to adulthood?", "paragraph": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "answer": "three", "sentence": "During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood.", "paragraph_sentence": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. <hl> During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. <hl> Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "paragraph_answer": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with <hl> three <hl> on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "sentence_answer": "During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with <hl> three <hl> on average surviving to adulthood.", "paragraph_id": "5d667cd82b22cd4dfcfbe085"}
-{"question": "What are bronze reliefs made with?", "paragraph": "Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. What is actually performed when a relief is cut in from a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving) is a lowering of the field, leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly raised. The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone.  In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting.", "answer": "bronze reliefs are made by casting", "sentence": " In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting .", "paragraph_sentence": "Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. What is actually performed when a relief is cut in from a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving) is a lowering of the field, leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly raised. The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone. <hl> In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. What is actually performed when a relief is cut in from a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving) is a lowering of the field, leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly raised. The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone. In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental <hl> bronze reliefs are made by casting <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental <hl> bronze reliefs are made by casting <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4342b22cd4dfcfbe750"}
-{"question": "When was Postmodernism a movement?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "answer": "late-20th-century", "sentence": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. <hl> Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a <hl> late-20th-century <hl> movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "sentence_answer": "Postmodernism is a <hl> late-20th-century <hl> movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745a32b22cd4dfcfbf4a5"}
-{"question": "What did the Cheasepeake planters produce?", "paragraph": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "answer": "cash crop", "sentence": "As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). <hl> As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. <hl> With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As <hl> cash crop <hl> producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "sentence_answer": "As <hl> cash crop <hl> producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England.", "paragraph_id": "5d662af82b22cd4dfcfbda7d"}
-{"question": "The Nile River Valley developed agriculture from what event?", "paragraph": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast,   Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent.  \nMany grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP.\nUnlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "answer": "original Neolithic Revolution", "sentence": "By contrast,   Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent.", "paragraph_sentence": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. <hl> By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. <hl> Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "paragraph_answer": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the <hl> original Neolithic Revolution <hl> in the Fertile Crescent. Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "sentence_answer": "By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the <hl> original Neolithic Revolution <hl> in the Fertile Crescent.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f31d2b22cd4dfcfbe70a"}
-{"question": "Who would make the decisions during each trial?", "paragraph": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "answer": "local judges and juries", "sentence": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries .", "paragraph_sentence": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. <hl> Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries . <hl> This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "paragraph_answer": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by <hl> local judges and juries <hl>. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "sentence_answer": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by <hl> local judges and juries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6687522b22cd4dfcfbe1dc"}
-{"question": "Before Republicans became conservative which ideologies did they promote?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism.", "sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. <hl> It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had <hl> historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. <hl> The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had <hl> historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. <hl> The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f5c2b22cd4dfcfbf639"}
-{"question": "What was the name of the newsletter that Freeman created?", "paragraph": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth  and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "answer": "Voice of the women's liberation movement", "sentence": "After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement .", "paragraph_sentence": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. <hl> After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement . <hl> It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "paragraph_answer": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called <hl> Voice of the women's liberation movement <hl>. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "sentence_answer": "After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called <hl> Voice of the women's liberation movement <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677cbb2b22cd4dfcfbfd4e"}
-{"question": "Who can you buy U.S. flags from that are flew over the Capitol?", "paragraph": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "answer": "Representatives or Senators", "sentence": "Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes.", "paragraph_sentence": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). <hl> Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. <hl> Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "paragraph_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through <hl> Representatives or Senators <hl> are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "sentence_answer": "Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through <hl> Representatives or Senators <hl> are provided in these sizes.", "paragraph_id": "5d666cb92b22cd4dfcfbde9a"}
-{"question": "What became prominent when humans gained momentum in agriculture?", "paragraph": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "answer": "cereal grasses", "sentence": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. <hl> Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "paragraph_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of <hl> cereal grasses <hl> (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "sentence_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of <hl> cereal grasses <hl> (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d552b22cd4dfcfbf3ae"}
-{"question": "Which material is most applicable for the construction of arches?", "paragraph": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "answer": "masonry", "sentence": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry . <hl> They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "paragraph_answer": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of <hl> masonry <hl>. They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "sentence_answer": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of <hl> masonry <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675fbb2b22cd4dfcfbf915"}
-{"question": "Where is the Staten Island Ferry Terminal Located?", "paragraph": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "answer": "Battery Park", "sentence": "The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip.", "paragraph_sentence": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. <hl> The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. <hl> It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "paragraph_answer": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near <hl> Battery Park <hl> at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "sentence_answer": "The ferry terminal is located near <hl> Battery Park <hl> at Manhattan's southern tip.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0ea2b22cd4dfcfbe691"}
-{"question": "What happens when nested calls accumulate?", "paragraph": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "answer": "call stack structure is formed", "sentence": "As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed , consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram.", "paragraph_sentence": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. <hl> As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed , consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. <hl> In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "paragraph_answer": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a <hl> call stack structure is formed <hl>, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "sentence_answer": "As nested calls accumulate, a <hl> call stack structure is formed <hl> , consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bfe2b22cd4dfcfbf85e"}
-{"question": "What is morality defined as?", "paragraph": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "answer": "the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper", "sentence": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper .Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper .Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). <hl> The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is <hl> the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper <hl>.Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "sentence_answer": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is <hl> the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper <hl> .Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987).", "paragraph_id": "5d67e39d2b22cd4dfcfc03a6"}
-{"question": "Who said an atheist Armenian is not an Armenian?", "paragraph": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "answer": "Father Asoghik Karapetyan", "sentence": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan , the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan , the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". <hl> A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "paragraph_answer": "In October 2013 <hl> Father Asoghik Karapetyan <hl>, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "sentence_answer": "In October 2013 <hl> Father Asoghik Karapetyan <hl> , the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65801b2b22cd4dfcfbc9c6"}
-{"question": "What did Alan Turing and Alonzo Church's results of arbitrary formulas do to the Entscheidungs problem?", "paragraph": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "answer": "a negative answer", "sentence": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. <hl> This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. <hl> Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving <hl> a negative answer <hl> to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "sentence_answer": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving <hl> a negative answer <hl> to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674562b22cd4dfcfbdf9e"}
-{"question": "What is the Chinese word for \"country?\"", "paragraph": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "answer": "gu\u00f3", "sentence": "Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi gu\u00f3 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). <hl> Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi gu\u00f3 . <hl> M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "paragraph_answer": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi<hl> gu\u00f3 <hl>. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "sentence_answer": "Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi <hl> gu\u00f3 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6669962b22cd4dfcfbde48"}
-{"question": "What Air Force also contributed to helping Yugoslavia in 1944?", "paragraph": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "answer": "the Balkan Air Force", "sentence": "It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944.", "paragraph_sentence": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. <hl> It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. <hl> At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "paragraph_answer": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from <hl> the Balkan Air Force <hl> from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "sentence_answer": "It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from <hl> the Balkan Air Force <hl> from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7d62b22cd4dfcfc01fe"}
-{"question": "How many tenses are in latin?", "paragraph": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "answer": "six", "sentence": "There are six tenses in the Latin language.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are six tenses in the Latin language. <hl> These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "paragraph_answer": "There are <hl> six <hl> tenses in the Latin language. These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "sentence_answer": "There are <hl> six <hl> tenses in the Latin language.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f5e62b22cd4dfcfbd41c"}
-{"question": "State universities in Michigan have spcecial status comparable to which entity?", "paragraph": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "answer": "metropolitan municipality", "sentence": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality . <hl> That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "paragraph_answer": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of <hl> metropolitan municipality <hl>. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "sentence_answer": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of <hl> metropolitan municipality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6759322b22cd4dfcfbf7da"}
-{"question": "What letter is not marked by the apex?", "paragraph": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "answer": "\u27e8I\u27e9", "sentence": "During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9 , were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "paragraph_sentence": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. <hl> During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9 , were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for <hl> \u27e8I\u27e9 <hl>, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "sentence_answer": "During the Classical period, long vowels, except for <hl> \u27e8I\u27e9 <hl> , were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "paragraph_id": "5d6603cb2b22cd4dfcfbd594"}
-{"question": "How were ideological differences considered?", "paragraph": "Many feminist scholars see the generational division of the second-wave as problematic. Second wavers are typically essentialized as the Baby Boomer generation, when in actuality many feminist leaders of the second-wave were born before World War II ended. This generational essentialism homogenizes the group that belongs to the wave and asserts that every person part of a certain demographic generation shared the same ideologies, because ideological differences were considered to be generational differences.", "answer": "to be generational differences", "sentence": "This generational essentialism homogenizes the group that belongs to the wave and asserts that every person part of a certain demographic generation shared the same ideologies, because ideological differences were considered to be generational differences .", "paragraph_sentence": "Many feminist scholars see the generational division of the second-wave as problematic. Second wavers are typically essentialized as the Baby Boomer generation, when in actuality many feminist leaders of the second-wave were born before World War II ended. <hl> This generational essentialism homogenizes the group that belongs to the wave and asserts that every person part of a certain demographic generation shared the same ideologies, because ideological differences were considered to be generational differences . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many feminist scholars see the generational division of the second-wave as problematic. Second wavers are typically essentialized as the Baby Boomer generation, when in actuality many feminist leaders of the second-wave were born before World War II ended. This generational essentialism homogenizes the group that belongs to the wave and asserts that every person part of a certain demographic generation shared the same ideologies, because ideological differences were considered <hl> to be generational differences <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This generational essentialism homogenizes the group that belongs to the wave and asserts that every person part of a certain demographic generation shared the same ideologies, because ideological differences were considered <hl> to be generational differences <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66efb12b22cd4dfcfbe613"}
-{"question": "Which party greatly opposes environmental regulation?", "paragraph": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "answer": "Republicans", "sentence": "Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. <hl> Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then <hl> Republicans <hl> have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "sentence_answer": "Since then <hl> Republicans <hl> have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6739562b22cd4dfcfbf2f8"}
-{"question": "How high is the singles population of ages 20-40 in the city center?", "paragraph": "Overall the demographics differ per city area. According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of 70%, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas. Also the city centre has a much larger population of people with higher education and higher income. Nonetheless, 80% of the homes are rented, not owned. The city centre also has a higher percentage (51% vs 45%) of foreign-born citizens (Dutch: allochtonen). The majority (70%) of shops are also run by foreign-born citizens.", "answer": "70%", "sentence": "According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of 70% , between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Overall the demographics differ per city area. <hl> According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of 70% , between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas. <hl> Also the city centre has a much larger population of people with higher education and higher income. Nonetheless, 80% of the homes are rented, not owned. The city centre also has a higher percentage (51% vs 45%) of foreign-born citizens (Dutch: allochtonen). The majority (70%) of shops are also run by foreign-born citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "Overall the demographics differ per city area. According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of <hl> 70% <hl>, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas. Also the city centre has a much larger population of people with higher education and higher income. Nonetheless, 80% of the homes are rented, not owned. The city centre also has a higher percentage (51% vs 45%) of foreign-born citizens (Dutch: allochtonen). The majority (70%) of shops are also run by foreign-born citizens.", "sentence_answer": "According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of <hl> 70% <hl> , between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8292b22cd4dfcfc0035"}
-{"question": "What year did international train travel arrive in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "answer": "1889", "sentence": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889 , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889 , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. <hl> Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in <hl> 1889 <hl>, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "sentence_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in <hl> 1889 <hl> , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris.", "paragraph_id": "5d66068e2b22cd4dfcfbd5f4"}
-{"question": "The start of modern morality is closely tied?", "paragraph": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "answer": "sociocultural evolution", "sentence": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution . <hl> Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "paragraph_answer": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to <hl> sociocultural evolution <hl>. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "sentence_answer": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to <hl> sociocultural evolution <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6755f32b22cd4dfcfbf76a"}
-{"question": "What did Hume warn against making assumptions about  based on someone's religiosity?", "paragraph": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "answer": "a man's morals", "sentence": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. <hl> Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of <hl> a man's morals <hl>, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "sentence_answer": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of <hl> a man's morals <hl> , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d670b162b22cd4dfcfbebc5"}
-{"question": "What percentage of 6 million people brought to the New World were involuntary slaves?", "paragraph": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Chesapeake region", "sentence": "In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. <hl> In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. <hl> About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in <hl> the Chesapeake region <hl> and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in <hl> the Chesapeake region <hl> and a few hundred in the Carolinas.", "paragraph_id": "5d667a392b22cd4dfcfbe054"}
-{"question": "How were the teams setup after 2013?", "paragraph": "In 1967, the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. As of 1979, the NHL had grown to 17 teams and merged with the WHA. This created a 21 team league. By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions.", "answer": "these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions", "sentence": "By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1967, the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. As of 1979, the NHL had grown to 17 teams and merged with the WHA. This created a 21 team league. <hl> By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1967, the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. As of 1979, the NHL had grown to 17 teams and merged with the WHA. This created a 21 team league. By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, <hl> these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, <hl> these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e7252b22cd4dfcfbd1fd"}
-{"question": "How many dimensions does a single straight line exist in?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "answer": "one", "sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one -dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one -dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. <hl> An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a <hl> one <hl>-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "sentence_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a <hl> one <hl> -dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6693432b22cd4dfcfbe2d7"}
-{"question": "What are the main systems for forechecking?", "paragraph": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "answer": "2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134", "sentence": "Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 .", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). <hl> Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 . <hl> The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "paragraph_answer": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: <hl> 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 <hl>. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "sentence_answer": "Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: <hl> 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7c62b22cd4dfcfbceda"}
-{"question": "What kind of ice is first to form during the winter?", "paragraph": "During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "answer": "fast ice", "sentence": "During winter, fast ice , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During winter, fast ice , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. <hl> Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "paragraph_answer": "During winter, <hl> fast ice <hl>, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "sentence_answer": "During winter, <hl> fast ice <hl> , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers.", "paragraph_id": "5d66151b2b22cd4dfcfbd80c"}
-{"question": "Who was the Revere type lantern named after?", "paragraph": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "answer": "Paul Revere", "sentence": "A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere .", "paragraph_sentence": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. <hl> A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after <hl> Paul Revere <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after <hl> Paul Revere <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6704222b22cd4dfcfbea9b"}
-{"question": "What is the length of a minor penalty?", "paragraph": "In ice hockey, infractions of the rules lead to play stoppages whereby the play is restarted at a face off. Some infractions result in the imposition of a penalty to a player or team. In the simplest case, the offending player is sent to the \"penalty box\" and their team has to play with one fewer player on the ice for a designated amount of time. Minor penalties last for two minutes, major penalties last for five minutes, and a double minor penalty is two consecutive penalties of two minutes duration. A single minor penalty may be extended by a further two minutes for causing visible injury to the victimized player. This is usually when blood is drawn during high sticking. Players may be also assessed personal extended penalties or game expulsions for misconduct in addition to the penalty or penalties their team must serve. The team that has been given a penalty is said to be playing \"short-handed\" while the opposing team is on a \"power play.\"", "answer": "two minutes", "sentence": "Minor penalties last for two minutes , major penalties last for five minutes, and a double minor penalty is two consecutive penalties of two minutes duration.", "paragraph_sentence": "In ice hockey, infractions of the rules lead to play stoppages whereby the play is restarted at a face off. Some infractions result in the imposition of a penalty to a player or team. In the simplest case, the offending player is sent to the \"penalty box\" and their team has to play with one fewer player on the ice for a designated amount of time. <hl> Minor penalties last for two minutes , major penalties last for five minutes, and a double minor penalty is two consecutive penalties of two minutes duration. <hl> A single minor penalty may be extended by a further two minutes for causing visible injury to the victimized player. This is usually when blood is drawn during high sticking. Players may be also assessed personal extended penalties or game expulsions for misconduct in addition to the penalty or penalties their team must serve. The team that has been given a penalty is said to be playing \"short-handed\" while the opposing team is on a \"power play.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In ice hockey, infractions of the rules lead to play stoppages whereby the play is restarted at a face off. Some infractions result in the imposition of a penalty to a player or team. In the simplest case, the offending player is sent to the \"penalty box\" and their team has to play with one fewer player on the ice for a designated amount of time. Minor penalties last for <hl> two minutes <hl>, major penalties last for five minutes, and a double minor penalty is two consecutive penalties of two minutes duration. A single minor penalty may be extended by a further two minutes for causing visible injury to the victimized player. This is usually when blood is drawn during high sticking. Players may be also assessed personal extended penalties or game expulsions for misconduct in addition to the penalty or penalties their team must serve. The team that has been given a penalty is said to be playing \"short-handed\" while the opposing team is on a \"power play.\"", "sentence_answer": "Minor penalties last for <hl> two minutes <hl> , major penalties last for five minutes, and a double minor penalty is two consecutive penalties of two minutes duration.", "paragraph_id": "5d6634512b22cd4dfcfbdade"}
-{"question": "When was a law considered to change the order of last names?", "paragraph": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "answer": "2008", "sentence": "In early 2008 , some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In early 2008 , some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In early <hl> 2008 <hl>, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "sentence_answer": "In early <hl> 2008 <hl> , some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "paragraph_id": "5d675d3e2b22cd4dfcfbf8a8"}
-{"question": "Any other current Armenian church leaders?", "paragraph": "It is headed by a Catholicos (the plural is Catholicoi). Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "answer": "two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "sentence": "The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is headed by a Catholicos (the plural is Catholicoi). Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. <hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is headed by a Catholicos (the plural is Catholicoi). Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and <hl> two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and <hl> two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6579c92b22cd4dfcfbc94a"}
-{"question": "The slang term tinny means?", "paragraph": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "answer": "can of beer\"", "sentence": "One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \" can of beer\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". <hl> One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \" can of beer\" . <hl> The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"<hl> can of beer\" <hl>. The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "sentence_answer": "One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \" <hl> can of beer\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670d482b22cd4dfcfbec47"}
-{"question": "Is Korean spoken in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population, ages 5 and older, spoke a language other than English at home.", "answer": "Korean, 0.70% (10,496)", "sentence": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. <hl> In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population, ages 5 and older, spoke a language other than English at home.", "paragraph_answer": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) <hl> Korean, 0.70% (10,496) <hl> German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population, ages 5 and older, spoke a language other than English at home.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) <hl> Korean, 0.70% (10,496) <hl> German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767d82b22cd4dfcfbfa30"}
-{"question": "What is the only one based in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "answer": "Radio 2", "sentence": "Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. <hl> Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. <hl> Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "paragraph_answer": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only <hl> Radio 2 <hl> is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "sentence_answer": "Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only <hl> Radio 2 <hl> is based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608632b22cd4dfcfbd644"}
-{"question": "Where in Canada does Amtrak travel to from New York", "paragraph": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "answer": "cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal", "sentence": "Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. <hl> Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; <hl> cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal <hl>; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "sentence_answer": "Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; <hl> cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal <hl> ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e0c2b22cd4dfcfbec6d"}
-{"question": "When, specifically, was the Fulton Center finished?", "paragraph": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "answer": "November 2014", "sentence": "Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. <hl> Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in <hl> November 2014 <hl> and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in <hl> November 2014 <hl> and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "paragraph_id": "5d673be42b22cd4dfcfbf38b"}
-{"question": "Did most women change their names after marriage in the 17th century?", "paragraph": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "answer": "It spread in the late 19th century", "sentence": "It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory.", "paragraph_sentence": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. <hl> It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. <hl> Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. <hl> It spread in the late 19th century <hl> in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> It spread in the late 19th century <hl> in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee4b2b22cd4dfcfbe5a6"}
-{"question": "When did Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "March 1917", "sentence": "In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl>, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl> , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ec2b22cd4dfcfc0596"}
-{"question": "When was the Brooklyn Bridge opened?", "paragraph": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "answer": "1883", "sentence": "In 1883 , the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1883 , the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. <hl> In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1883 <hl>, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1883 <hl> , the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ddfb2b22cd4dfcfc033e"}
-{"question": "When was the great fire that destroyed 20 square block of Pittsburgh?", "paragraph": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "answer": "1845", "sentence": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. <hl> Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "paragraph_answer": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of <hl> 1845 <hl> that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "sentence_answer": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of <hl> 1845 <hl> that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2462b22cd4dfcfbe6d8"}
-{"question": "How many elements of y are there?", "paragraph": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "answer": "there is exactly one element y", "sentence": "In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f.", "paragraph_sentence": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. <hl> In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. <hl> This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "paragraph_answer": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X <hl> there is exactly one element y <hl> such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "sentence_answer": "In other words, for every x in X <hl> there is exactly one element y <hl> such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f.", "paragraph_id": "5d6614b02b22cd4dfcfbd7e3"}
-{"question": "Who prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance", "paragraph": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade. This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "answer": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration", "sentence": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade. <hl> This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration <hl> (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade. This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration <hl> (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5102b22cd4dfcfbe778"}
-{"question": "What is this type of society based on?", "paragraph": "Because Marxism\u2013Leninism has historically only been the state ideology of countries who were economically undeveloped prior to socialist revolution (or whose economies were nearly obliterated by war, such as the German Democratic Republic), the primary goal before achieving full communism was the development of socialism in itself. Such was the case in the Soviet Union, where the economy was largely agrarian and urban industry was in a primitive stage. To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation, in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice. Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories. These reforms were promoted to encourage materialism and acquisitiveness in order to stimulate economic growth. This pro-consumerist policy has been advanced on the lines of \"industrial pragmatism\" as it advances economic progress through bolstering industrialisation.", "answer": "egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice", "sentence": "Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice .", "paragraph_sentence": "Because Marxism\u2013Leninism has historically only been the state ideology of countries who were economically undeveloped prior to socialist revolution (or whose economies were nearly obliterated by war, such as the German Democratic Republic), the primary goal before achieving full communism was the development of socialism in itself. Such was the case in the Soviet Union, where the economy was largely agrarian and urban industry was in a primitive stage. To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation, in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. <hl> Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice . <hl> Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories. These reforms were promoted to encourage materialism and acquisitiveness in order to stimulate economic growth. This pro-consumerist policy has been advanced on the lines of \"industrial pragmatism\" as it advances economic progress through bolstering industrialisation.", "paragraph_answer": "Because Marxism\u2013Leninism has historically only been the state ideology of countries who were economically undeveloped prior to socialist revolution (or whose economies were nearly obliterated by war, such as the German Democratic Republic), the primary goal before achieving full communism was the development of socialism in itself. Such was the case in the Soviet Union, where the economy was largely agrarian and urban industry was in a primitive stage. To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation, in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon <hl> egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice <hl>. Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories. These reforms were promoted to encourage materialism and acquisitiveness in order to stimulate economic growth. This pro-consumerist policy has been advanced on the lines of \"industrial pragmatism\" as it advances economic progress through bolstering industrialisation.", "sentence_answer": "Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon <hl> egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6716ab2b22cd4dfcfbeee1"}
-{"question": "What kind of structures always have the same geometry?", "paragraph": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "answer": "static structures", "sentence": "The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "paragraph_sentence": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. <hl> The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. The design of <hl> static structures <hl> assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "sentence_answer": "The design of <hl> static structures <hl> assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "paragraph_id": "5d6789772b22cd4dfcfbfe30"}
-{"question": "Structural building engineering ensures that buildings are structurally safe when subject to what?", "paragraph": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic.", "answer": "loads", "sentence": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. <hl> This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic.", "paragraph_answer": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the <hl> loads <hl> it could reasonably be expected to experience. This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic.", "sentence_answer": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the <hl> loads <hl> it could reasonably be expected to experience.", "paragraph_id": "5d6757fb2b22cd4dfcfbf7a2"}
-{"question": "What are subprograms referred to as?", "paragraph": "In the Visual Basic 6 language, subprograms are termed functions or subs (or methods when associated with a class). Visual Basic 6 uses various terms called types to define what is being passed as a parameter. By default, an unspecified variable is registered as a variant type and can be passed as ByRef (default) or ByVal. Also, when a function or sub is declared, it is given a public, private, or friend designation, which determines whether it can be accessed outside the module or project that it was declared in.", "answer": "termed functions or subs", "sentence": "In the Visual Basic 6 language, subprograms are termed functions or subs (or methods when associated with a class).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Visual Basic 6 language, subprograms are termed functions or subs (or methods when associated with a class). <hl> Visual Basic 6 uses various terms called types to define what is being passed as a parameter. By default, an unspecified variable is registered as a variant type and can be passed as ByRef (default) or ByVal. Also, when a function or sub is declared, it is given a public, private, or friend designation, which determines whether it can be accessed outside the module or project that it was declared in.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Visual Basic 6 language, subprograms are <hl> termed functions or subs <hl> (or methods when associated with a class). Visual Basic 6 uses various terms called types to define what is being passed as a parameter. By default, an unspecified variable is registered as a variant type and can be passed as ByRef (default) or ByVal. Also, when a function or sub is declared, it is given a public, private, or friend designation, which determines whether it can be accessed outside the module or project that it was declared in.", "sentence_answer": "In the Visual Basic 6 language, subprograms are <hl> termed functions or subs <hl> (or methods when associated with a class).", "paragraph_id": "5d675a9b2b22cd4dfcfbf816"}
-{"question": "What can be installed additionally if Windows does have the needed multilingual files?", "paragraph": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "answer": "Third-party IMEs", "sentence": "Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). <hl> Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). <hl> Third-party IMEs <hl> may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Third-party IMEs <hl> may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7972b22cd4dfcfbff33"}
-{"question": "Name a landmark that has thwarted attacks in the past?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "answer": "Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn", "sentence": "The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. <hl> The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the <hl> Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn <hl> at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "sentence_answer": "The confluence of the <hl> Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn <hl> at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8802b22cd4dfcfbcd26"}
-{"question": "Who had multi-purpose houses?", "paragraph": "Many merchants became very wealthy by providing their goods to the agricultural population and ended up dominating the society of sea port cities. Unlike yeoman farmhouses, these merchants resembled the lifestyle of that of the upper class of England living in elegant \u200b2 1\u20442-story houses designed the new Georgian style. These Georgian houses had a symmetrical fa\u00e7ade with equal numbers of windows on both sides of the central door. The interior consisted of a passageway down the middle of the house with specialized rooms such as a library, dining room, formal parlor, and master bedroom off the sides. Unlike the multi-purpose space of the yeoman houses, each of these rooms served a separate purpose. In a Georgian house, men mainly used certain rooms, such as the library, while women mostly used the kitchen. These houses contained bedrooms on the second floor that provided privacy to parents and children.", "answer": "yeoman houses", "sentence": "Unlike the multi-purpose space of the yeoman houses , each of these rooms served a separate purpose.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many merchants became very wealthy by providing their goods to the agricultural population and ended up dominating the society of sea port cities. Unlike yeoman farmhouses, these merchants resembled the lifestyle of that of the upper class of England living in elegant \u200b2 1\u20442-story houses designed the new Georgian style. These Georgian houses had a symmetrical fa\u00e7ade with equal numbers of windows on both sides of the central door. The interior consisted of a passageway down the middle of the house with specialized rooms such as a library, dining room, formal parlor, and master bedroom off the sides. <hl> Unlike the multi-purpose space of the yeoman houses , each of these rooms served a separate purpose. <hl> In a Georgian house, men mainly used certain rooms, such as the library, while women mostly used the kitchen. These houses contained bedrooms on the second floor that provided privacy to parents and children.", "paragraph_answer": "Many merchants became very wealthy by providing their goods to the agricultural population and ended up dominating the society of sea port cities. Unlike yeoman farmhouses, these merchants resembled the lifestyle of that of the upper class of England living in elegant \u200b2 1\u20442-story houses designed the new Georgian style. These Georgian houses had a symmetrical fa\u00e7ade with equal numbers of windows on both sides of the central door. The interior consisted of a passageway down the middle of the house with specialized rooms such as a library, dining room, formal parlor, and master bedroom off the sides. Unlike the multi-purpose space of the <hl> yeoman houses <hl>, each of these rooms served a separate purpose. In a Georgian house, men mainly used certain rooms, such as the library, while women mostly used the kitchen. These houses contained bedrooms on the second floor that provided privacy to parents and children.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike the multi-purpose space of the <hl> yeoman houses <hl> , each of these rooms served a separate purpose.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4302b22cd4dfcfbcc38"}
-{"question": "How many streets were there in the original Manhattan traffic plan?", "paragraph": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "answer": "155", "sentence": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). <hl> Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "paragraph_answer": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were <hl> 155 <hl> numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "sentence_answer": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were <hl> 155 <hl> numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan).", "paragraph_id": "5d670fca2b22cd4dfcfbecf0"}
-{"question": "What is the Hindu view of killing?", "paragraph": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "answer": "it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances", "sentence": "For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances .", "paragraph_sentence": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. <hl> For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances . <hl> In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that <hl> it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances <hl>. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "sentence_answer": "For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that <hl> it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670b162b22cd4dfcfbebc8"}
-{"question": "How does a program start the process to get full privileges?", "paragraph": "Windows Vista changes this by introducing a privilege elevation system called User Account Control. When logging in as a standard user, a logon session is created and a token containing only the most basic privileges is assigned. In this way, the new logon session is incapable of making changes that would affect the entire system. When logging in as a user in the Administrators group, two separate tokens are assigned. The first token contains all privileges typically awarded to an administrator, and the second is a restricted token similar to what a standard user would receive. User applications, including the Windows Shell, are then started with the restricted token, resulting in a reduced privilege environment even under an Administrator account. When an application requests higher privileges or \"Run as administrator\" is clicked, UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given (including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group), start the process using the unrestricted token.", "answer": "requests higher privileges or \"Run as administrator\" is clicked", "sentence": "When an application requests higher privileges or \"Run as administrator\" is clicked , UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given (including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group), start the process using the unrestricted token.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows Vista changes this by introducing a privilege elevation system called User Account Control. When logging in as a standard user, a logon session is created and a token containing only the most basic privileges is assigned. In this way, the new logon session is incapable of making changes that would affect the entire system. When logging in as a user in the Administrators group, two separate tokens are assigned. The first token contains all privileges typically awarded to an administrator, and the second is a restricted token similar to what a standard user would receive. User applications, including the Windows Shell, are then started with the restricted token, resulting in a reduced privilege environment even under an Administrator account. <hl> When an application requests higher privileges or \"Run as administrator\" is clicked , UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given (including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group), start the process using the unrestricted token. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Windows Vista changes this by introducing a privilege elevation system called User Account Control. When logging in as a standard user, a logon session is created and a token containing only the most basic privileges is assigned. In this way, the new logon session is incapable of making changes that would affect the entire system. When logging in as a user in the Administrators group, two separate tokens are assigned. The first token contains all privileges typically awarded to an administrator, and the second is a restricted token similar to what a standard user would receive. User applications, including the Windows Shell, are then started with the restricted token, resulting in a reduced privilege environment even under an Administrator account. When an application <hl> requests higher privileges or \"Run as administrator\" is clicked <hl>, UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given (including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group), start the process using the unrestricted token.", "sentence_answer": "When an application <hl> requests higher privileges or \"Run as administrator\" is clicked <hl> , UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given (including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group), start the process using the unrestricted token.", "paragraph_id": "5d6730462b22cd4dfcfbf211"}
-{"question": "Where was the Royal Africa Company located?", "paragraph": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "answer": "London", "sentence": "At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London .", "paragraph_sentence": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. <hl> At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London . <hl> But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "paragraph_answer": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of <hl> London <hl>. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "sentence_answer": "At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of <hl> London <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65db482b22cd4dfcfbcf37"}
-{"question": "When did the election take place?", "paragraph": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election.  However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "answer": "5 April", "sentence": "On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April , which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. <hl> On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April , which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on <hl> 5 April <hl>, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "sentence_answer": "On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on <hl> 5 April <hl> , which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef8d2b22cd4dfcfbd317"}
-{"question": "How many households did Mehmed II intend to resettle in Constantinople?", "paragraph": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "answer": "five thousand", "sentence": "He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September.", "paragraph_sentence": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. <hl> He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. <hl> From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. He demanded that <hl> five thousand <hl> households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "sentence_answer": "He demanded that <hl> five thousand <hl> households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3be2b22cd4dfcfbd12e"}
-{"question": "What year was the Secretary of State for the colonies officially named?", "paragraph": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially,  matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625.  From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "answer": "1768", "sentence": " From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768 .", "paragraph_sentence": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. <hl> From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in <hl> 1768 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in <hl> 1768 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6674e82b22cd4dfcfbdfbc"}
-{"question": "How many people are aging in the population?", "paragraph": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "answer": "elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%", "sentence": "The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. <hl> The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The <hl> elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% <hl>, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% <hl> , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "paragraph_id": "5d67614e2b22cd4dfcfbf946"}
-{"question": "How many POWs snuck out of the camp at the end of August", "paragraph": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "answer": "seven", "sentence": "Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_sentence": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. <hl> Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of <hl> seven <hl> slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "sentence_answer": "Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of <hl> seven <hl> slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c5752b22cd4dfcfc0198"}
-{"question": "What does Pera mean?", "paragraph": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "answer": "across", "sentence": "Pera (from the Greek word for \" across \") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts).", "paragraph_sentence": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. <hl> Pera (from the Greek word for \" across \") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). <hl> Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "paragraph_answer": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"<hl> across <hl>\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "sentence_answer": "Pera (from the Greek word for \" <hl> across <hl> \") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2192b22cd4dfcfbcbc3"}
-{"question": "What are the only two teams to ever win gold metals in these competitions?", "paragraph": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "answer": "Canadian national team or the United States national team", "sentence": "the Canadian national team or the United States national team .", "paragraph_sentence": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either <hl> the Canadian national team or the United States national team . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the <hl> Canadian national team or the United States national team <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "the <hl> Canadian national team or the United States national team <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d668dcb2b22cd4dfcfbe23c"}
-{"question": "What does the new launched site also include?", "paragraph": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "answer": "editorial content from the newspaper", "sentence": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. <hl> It can be accessed without cost.", "paragraph_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes <hl> editorial content from the newspaper <hl> as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "sentence_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes <hl> editorial content from the newspaper <hl> as well as specially commissioned articles.", "paragraph_id": "5d674bec2b22cd4dfcfbf56d"}
-{"question": "What did the 1968 EEOC decision ruling make illegal?", "paragraph": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement.  In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "answer": "sex-segregated help wanted ads", "sentence": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads , Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads , Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. <hl> However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement. In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "paragraph_answer": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal <hl> sex-segregated help wanted ads <hl>, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement. In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "sentence_answer": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal <hl> sex-segregated help wanted ads <hl> , Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973.", "paragraph_id": "5d677b382b22cd4dfcfbfd11"}
-{"question": "Where was the compound achromatic lens created?", "paragraph": "With the invention of the telescope and microscope there was a great deal of experimentation with lens shapes in the 17th and early 18th centuries trying to correct chromatic errors seen in lenses. Opticians tried to construct lenses of varying forms of curvature, wrongly assuming errors arose from defects in the spherical figure of their surfaces. Optical theory on refraction and experimentation was showing no single-element lens could bring all colours to a focus. This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent.", "answer": "England", "sentence": "This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the invention of the telescope and microscope there was a great deal of experimentation with lens shapes in the 17th and early 18th centuries trying to correct chromatic errors seen in lenses. Opticians tried to construct lenses of varying forms of curvature, wrongly assuming errors arose from defects in the spherical figure of their surfaces. Optical theory on refraction and experimentation was showing no single-element lens could bring all colours to a focus. <hl> This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "With the invention of the telescope and microscope there was a great deal of experimentation with lens shapes in the 17th and early 18th centuries trying to correct chromatic errors seen in lenses. Opticians tried to construct lenses of varying forms of curvature, wrongly assuming errors arose from defects in the spherical figure of their surfaces. Optical theory on refraction and experimentation was showing no single-element lens could bring all colours to a focus. This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in <hl> England <hl> in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent.", "sentence_answer": "This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in <hl> England <hl> in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent.", "paragraph_id": "5d6768f02b22cd4dfcfbfa7a"}
-{"question": "What kind of coordinate system is figure 8?", "paragraph": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a right-handed coordinate system. Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. Many observers see Figure 8 as \"flipping in and out\" between a convex cube and a concave \"corner\".  This corresponds to the two possible orientations of the coordinate system.  Seeing the figure as convex gives a left-handed coordinate system.  Thus the \"correct\" way to view Figure 8 is to imagine the x-axis as pointing towards the observer and thus seeing a concave corner.", "answer": "right-handed", "sentence": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a right-handed coordinate system.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a right-handed coordinate system. <hl> Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. Many observers see Figure 8 as \"flipping in and out\" between a convex cube and a concave \"corner\". This corresponds to the two possible orientations of the coordinate system. Seeing the figure as convex gives a left-handed coordinate system. Thus the \"correct\" way to view Figure 8 is to imagine the x-axis as pointing towards the observer and thus seeing a concave corner.", "paragraph_answer": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a <hl> right-handed <hl> coordinate system. Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. Many observers see Figure 8 as \"flipping in and out\" between a convex cube and a concave \"corner\". This corresponds to the two possible orientations of the coordinate system. Seeing the figure as convex gives a left-handed coordinate system. Thus the \"correct\" way to view Figure 8 is to imagine the x-axis as pointing towards the observer and thus seeing a concave corner.", "sentence_answer": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a <hl> right-handed <hl> coordinate system.", "paragraph_id": "5d6675222b22cd4dfcfbdfc2"}
-{"question": "What is the standard tool used to measure rainfall or snowfall?", "paragraph": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge, which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. The inner cylinder is filled by 25 mm (1 in) of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder. Plastic gauges have markings on the inner cylinder down to 0.25 mm (0.01 in) resolution, while metal gauges require use of a stick designed with the appropriate 0.25 mm (0.01 in) markings. After the inner cylinder is filled, the amount inside it is discarded, then filled with the remaining rainfall in the outer cylinder until all the fluid in the outer cylinder is gone, adding to the overall total until the outer cylinder is empty. These gauges are used in the winter by removing the funnel and inner cylinder and allowing snow and freezing rain to collect inside the outer cylinder.  Some add anti-freeze to their gauge so they do not have to melt the snow or ice that falls into the gauge.  Once the snowfall/ice is finished accumulating, or as 300 mm (12 in) is approached, one can either bring it inside to melt, or use lukewarm water to fill the inner cylinder with in order to melt the frozen precipitation in the outer cylinder, keeping track of the warm fluid added, which is subsequently subtracted from the overall total once all the ice/snow is melted.", "answer": "standard rain gauge", "sentence": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge , which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge , which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. <hl> The inner cylinder is filled by 25 mm (1 in) of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder. Plastic gauges have markings on the inner cylinder down to 0.25 mm (0.01 in) resolution, while metal gauges require use of a stick designed with the appropriate 0.25 mm (0.01 in) markings. After the inner cylinder is filled, the amount inside it is discarded, then filled with the remaining rainfall in the outer cylinder until all the fluid in the outer cylinder is gone, adding to the overall total until the outer cylinder is empty. These gauges are used in the winter by removing the funnel and inner cylinder and allowing snow and freezing rain to collect inside the outer cylinder. Some add anti-freeze to their gauge so they do not have to melt the snow or ice that falls into the gauge. Once the snowfall/ice is finished accumulating, or as 300 mm (12 in) is approached, one can either bring it inside to melt, or use lukewarm water to fill the inner cylinder with in order to melt the frozen precipitation in the outer cylinder, keeping track of the warm fluid added, which is subsequently subtracted from the overall total once all the ice/snow is melted.", "paragraph_answer": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the <hl> standard rain gauge <hl>, which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. The inner cylinder is filled by 25 mm (1 in) of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder. Plastic gauges have markings on the inner cylinder down to 0.25 mm (0.01 in) resolution, while metal gauges require use of a stick designed with the appropriate 0.25 mm (0.01 in) markings. After the inner cylinder is filled, the amount inside it is discarded, then filled with the remaining rainfall in the outer cylinder until all the fluid in the outer cylinder is gone, adding to the overall total until the outer cylinder is empty. These gauges are used in the winter by removing the funnel and inner cylinder and allowing snow and freezing rain to collect inside the outer cylinder. Some add anti-freeze to their gauge so they do not have to melt the snow or ice that falls into the gauge. Once the snowfall/ice is finished accumulating, or as 300 mm (12 in) is approached, one can either bring it inside to melt, or use lukewarm water to fill the inner cylinder with in order to melt the frozen precipitation in the outer cylinder, keeping track of the warm fluid added, which is subsequently subtracted from the overall total once all the ice/snow is melted.", "sentence_answer": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the <hl> standard rain gauge <hl> , which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fd42b22cd4dfcfbf652"}
-{"question": "What is in X?", "paragraph": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "answer": "x in X", "sentence": "In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f.", "paragraph_sentence": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. <hl> In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. <hl> This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "paragraph_answer": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every <hl> x in X <hl> there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "sentence_answer": "In other words, for every <hl> x in X <hl> there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f.", "paragraph_id": "5d6614b02b22cd4dfcfbd7e5"}
-{"question": "What causes Chromatic aberration?", "paragraph": "Chromatic aberration is caused by the dispersion of the lens material\u2014the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light. Since, from the formulae above, f is dependent upon n, it follows that light of different wavelengths is focused to different positions. Chromatic aberration of a lens is seen as fringes of colour around the image. It can be minimised by using an achromatic doublet (or achromat) in which two materials with differing dispersion are bonded together to form a single lens. This reduces the amount of chromatic aberration over a certain range of wavelengths, though it does not produce perfect correction. The use of achromats was an important step in the development of the optical microscope. An apochromat is a lens or lens system with even better chromatic aberration correction, combined with improved spherical aberration correction. Apochromats are much more expensive than achromats.", "answer": "the dispersion of the lens material\u2014the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light.", "sentence": "Chromatic aberration is caused by the dispersion of the lens material\u2014the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light. Since, from the formulae above, f is dependent upon n, it follows that light of different wavelengths is focused to different positions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Chromatic aberration is caused by the dispersion of the lens material\u2014the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light. Since, from the formulae above, f is dependent upon n, it follows that light of different wavelengths is focused to different positions. <hl> Chromatic aberration of a lens is seen as fringes of colour around the image. It can be minimised by using an achromatic doublet (or achromat) in which two materials with differing dispersion are bonded together to form a single lens. This reduces the amount of chromatic aberration over a certain range of wavelengths, though it does not produce perfect correction. The use of achromats was an important step in the development of the optical microscope. An apochromat is a lens or lens system with even better chromatic aberration correction, combined with improved spherical aberration correction. Apochromats are much more expensive than achromats.", "paragraph_answer": "Chromatic aberration is caused by <hl> the dispersion of the lens material\u2014the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light. <hl> Since, from the formulae above, f is dependent upon n, it follows that light of different wavelengths is focused to different positions. Chromatic aberration of a lens is seen as fringes of colour around the image. It can be minimised by using an achromatic doublet (or achromat) in which two materials with differing dispersion are bonded together to form a single lens. This reduces the amount of chromatic aberration over a certain range of wavelengths, though it does not produce perfect correction. The use of achromats was an important step in the development of the optical microscope. An apochromat is a lens or lens system with even better chromatic aberration correction, combined with improved spherical aberration correction. Apochromats are much more expensive than achromats.", "sentence_answer": "Chromatic aberration is caused by <hl> the dispersion of the lens material\u2014the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light. <hl> Since, from the formulae above, f is dependent upon n, it follows that light of different wavelengths is focused to different positions.", "paragraph_id": "5d66feb22b22cd4dfcfbe992"}
-{"question": "Who started a nunnery in Armenia?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "answer": "Bartholomew", "sentence": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles <hl> Bartholomew <hl> and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles <hl> Bartholomew <hl> and Thaddeus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6586b02b22cd4dfcfbca00"}
-{"question": "How many stars are on the American flag", "paragraph": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "answer": "fifty small, white, five-pointed stars", "sentence": "It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. <hl> It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. <hl> The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing <hl> fifty small, white, five-pointed stars <hl> arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "sentence_answer": "It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing <hl> fifty small, white, five-pointed stars <hl> arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbbe2b22cd4dfcfbcf4a"}
-{"question": "What initially happened to the average height after agriculture?", "paragraph": "It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologists showing that nutritional standards of Neolithic populations were generally inferior to that of hunter-gatherers, and that their life expectancy may well have been shorter too, in part due to diseases and harder work - hunter-gatherers must have covered their food needs with about 20 hours' work a week, while agriculture required much more and was at least as uncertain. The hunter-gatherers' diet was more varied and balanced than what agriculture later allowed. Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. Agriculturalists had more anaemias and vitamin deficiencies, more spinal deformations and more dental pathologies.", "answer": "Average height went down", "sentence": "Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels.", "paragraph_sentence": "It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologists showing that nutritional standards of Neolithic populations were generally inferior to that of hunter-gatherers, and that their life expectancy may well have been shorter too, in part due to diseases and harder work - hunter-gatherers must have covered their food needs with about 20 hours' work a week, while agriculture required much more and was at least as uncertain. The hunter-gatherers' diet was more varied and balanced than what agriculture later allowed. <hl> Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. <hl> Agriculturalists had more anaemias and vitamin deficiencies, more spinal deformations and more dental pathologies.", "paragraph_answer": "It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologists showing that nutritional standards of Neolithic populations were generally inferior to that of hunter-gatherers, and that their life expectancy may well have been shorter too, in part due to diseases and harder work - hunter-gatherers must have covered their food needs with about 20 hours' work a week, while agriculture required much more and was at least as uncertain. The hunter-gatherers' diet was more varied and balanced than what agriculture later allowed. <hl> Average height went down <hl> from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. Agriculturalists had more anaemias and vitamin deficiencies, more spinal deformations and more dental pathologies.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Average height went down <hl> from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels.", "paragraph_id": "5d67447d2b22cd4dfcfbf479"}
-{"question": "What does Fiscal decentralization mean?", "paragraph": "Fiscal decentralization means decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility.  While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to unitary, federal and confederal governments. Fiscal federalism also concerns the \"vertical imbalances\" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels.  It actually can be a way of increasing central government control of lower levels of government, if it is not linked to other kinds of responsibilities and authority.", "answer": "decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility", "sentence": "Fiscal decentralization means decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Fiscal decentralization means decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility . <hl> While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to unitary, federal and confederal governments. Fiscal federalism also concerns the \"vertical imbalances\" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels. It actually can be a way of increasing central government control of lower levels of government, if it is not linked to other kinds of responsibilities and authority.", "paragraph_answer": "Fiscal decentralization means <hl> decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility <hl>. While this process usually is called fiscal federalism it may be relevant to unitary, federal and confederal governments. Fiscal federalism also concerns the \"vertical imbalances\" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels. It actually can be a way of increasing central government control of lower levels of government, if it is not linked to other kinds of responsibilities and authority.", "sentence_answer": "Fiscal decentralization means <hl> decentralizing revenue raising and/or expenditure of moneys to a lower level of government while maintaining financial responsibility <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660d0a2b22cd4dfcfbd720"}
-{"question": "Which University is introducing the new degree of MedScD?", "paragraph": "At some other universities (especially older institutions, such as Oxford, Dublin, Cambridge and St Andrews), the MD is a higher doctorate (similar to a DSc) awarded upon submission of a portfolio of published work representing a substantial contribution to medical research. The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "answer": "University of Cambridge", "sentence": "The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "paragraph_sentence": "At some other universities (especially older institutions, such as Oxford, Dublin, Cambridge and St Andrews), the MD is a higher doctorate (similar to a DSc) awarded upon submission of a portfolio of published work representing a substantial contribution to medical research. <hl> The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At some other universities (especially older institutions, such as Oxford, Dublin, Cambridge and St Andrews), the MD is a higher doctorate (similar to a DSc) awarded upon submission of a portfolio of published work representing a substantial contribution to medical research. The <hl> University of Cambridge <hl> is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> University of Cambridge <hl> is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "paragraph_id": "5d66378a2b22cd4dfcfbdb02"}
-{"question": "Which two boroughs did not join the Greater City of New York?", "paragraph": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "answer": "Manhattan and the Bronx", "sentence": "In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. <hl> In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. <hl> On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", <hl> Manhattan and the Bronx <hl>, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", <hl> Manhattan and the Bronx <hl> , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ddfb2b22cd4dfcfc0341"}
-{"question": "What is the name for a function's set of outputs?", "paragraph": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2).  The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers.  Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "answer": "codomain", "sentence": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain ; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain ; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. <hl> Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2). The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers. Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "paragraph_answer": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its <hl> codomain <hl>; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2). The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers. Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "sentence_answer": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its <hl> codomain <hl> ; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684b72b22cd4dfcfbe181"}
-{"question": "What degree is granted after completing an examination in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature?", "paragraph": "The MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery) degree represents the first (graduation) level of training required to be licensed as a physicians, and the MS or MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree, representative of specialty training. The equivalent training in the US or Canada would be completion of a medical (post-graduate) degree. Eligibility for the MS or MD course is restricted to medical graduates holding the MBBS degree. The MBBS course is for five and a half years, and training is obtained in medical disciplines (e.g.: Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature the candidate receives MD degree, whereas in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature, i.e. anatomy, general surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology, the candidate receives the equivalent degree Master of Surgery (MS).", "answer": "Master of Surgery (MS)", "sentence": "After three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature the candidate receives MD degree, whereas in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature, i.e. anatomy, general surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology, the candidate receives the equivalent degree Master of Surgery (MS) .", "paragraph_sentence": "The MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery) degree represents the first (graduation) level of training required to be licensed as a physicians, and the MS or MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree, representative of specialty training. The equivalent training in the US or Canada would be completion of a medical (post-graduate) degree. Eligibility for the MS or MD course is restricted to medical graduates holding the MBBS degree. The MBBS course is for five and a half years, and training is obtained in medical disciplines (e.g.: Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). <hl> After three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature the candidate receives MD degree, whereas in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature, i.e. anatomy, general surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology, the candidate receives the equivalent degree Master of Surgery (MS) . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery) degree represents the first (graduation) level of training required to be licensed as a physicians, and the MS or MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree, representative of specialty training. The equivalent training in the US or Canada would be completion of a medical (post-graduate) degree. Eligibility for the MS or MD course is restricted to medical graduates holding the MBBS degree. The MBBS course is for five and a half years, and training is obtained in medical disciplines (e.g.: Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature the candidate receives MD degree, whereas in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature, i.e. anatomy, general surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology, the candidate receives the equivalent degree <hl> Master of Surgery (MS) <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "After three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature the candidate receives MD degree, whereas in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature, i.e. anatomy, general surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology, the candidate receives the equivalent degree <hl> Master of Surgery (MS) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6693e82b22cd4dfcfbe2eb"}
-{"question": "what kills crops and increases erosion?", "paragraph": "Precipitation, especially rain, has a dramatic effect on agriculture.  All plants need at least some water to survive, therefore rain (being the most effective means of watering) is important to agriculture.  While a regular rain pattern is usually vital to healthy plants, too much or too little rainfall can be harmful, even devastating to crops.  Drought can kill crops and increase erosion, while overly wet weather can cause harmful fungus growth. Plants need varying amounts of rainfall to survive. For example, certain cacti require small amounts of water, while tropical plants may need up to hundreds of inches of rain per year to survive.", "answer": "Drought", "sentence": " Drought can kill crops and increase erosion, while overly wet weather can cause harmful fungus growth.", "paragraph_sentence": "Precipitation, especially rain, has a dramatic effect on agriculture. All plants need at least some water to survive, therefore rain (being the most effective means of watering) is important to agriculture. While a regular rain pattern is usually vital to healthy plants, too much or too little rainfall can be harmful, even devastating to crops. <hl> Drought can kill crops and increase erosion, while overly wet weather can cause harmful fungus growth. <hl> Plants need varying amounts of rainfall to survive. For example, certain cacti require small amounts of water, while tropical plants may need up to hundreds of inches of rain per year to survive.", "paragraph_answer": "Precipitation, especially rain, has a dramatic effect on agriculture. All plants need at least some water to survive, therefore rain (being the most effective means of watering) is important to agriculture. While a regular rain pattern is usually vital to healthy plants, too much or too little rainfall can be harmful, even devastating to crops. <hl> Drought <hl> can kill crops and increase erosion, while overly wet weather can cause harmful fungus growth. Plants need varying amounts of rainfall to survive. For example, certain cacti require small amounts of water, while tropical plants may need up to hundreds of inches of rain per year to survive.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Drought <hl> can kill crops and increase erosion, while overly wet weather can cause harmful fungus growth.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718f52b22cd4dfcfbef31"}
-{"question": "What country was the leader of the capitalist west?", "paragraph": "Tensions between the Western Allies and the communist Eastern allies accelerated after the end of World War II, resulting in the Cold War between the Soviet-led communist East and the American-led capitalist West. Key events that began the Cold War included Soviet, Yugoslav, Bulgarian, and Albanian intervention in the Greek Civil War on the side of the communists, and the creation of the Berlin Blockade by the Soviet Union in 1948. China returned to civil war between the Western-backed Kuomintang versus Mao Zedong's Communists supported by the Soviet Union with the Communists seizing control of all of mainland China in 1949, creating the People's Republic of China (PRC). Direct conflict between the East and West erupted in the Korean War, when the United Nations Security Council, with the absence of the Soviet Union at the time of the vote, voted for international intervention in Korea to stop the civil war. The United States and other Western powers used the war to prop up South Korea against Soviet and PRC-backed communist North Korea led by Kim Il-sung. The war ended in armistice and stalemate in 1953.", "answer": "American", "sentence": "Tensions between the Western Allies and the communist Eastern allies accelerated after the end of World War II, resulting in the Cold War between the Soviet-led communist East and the American -led capitalist West.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tensions between the Western Allies and the communist Eastern allies accelerated after the end of World War II, resulting in the Cold War between the Soviet-led communist East and the American -led capitalist West. <hl> Key events that began the Cold War included Soviet, Yugoslav, Bulgarian, and Albanian intervention in the Greek Civil War on the side of the communists, and the creation of the Berlin Blockade by the Soviet Union in 1948. China returned to civil war between the Western-backed Kuomintang versus Mao Zedong's Communists supported by the Soviet Union with the Communists seizing control of all of mainland China in 1949, creating the People's Republic of China (PRC). Direct conflict between the East and West erupted in the Korean War, when the United Nations Security Council, with the absence of the Soviet Union at the time of the vote, voted for international intervention in Korea to stop the civil war. The United States and other Western powers used the war to prop up South Korea against Soviet and PRC-backed communist North Korea led by Kim Il-sung. The war ended in armistice and stalemate in 1953.", "paragraph_answer": "Tensions between the Western Allies and the communist Eastern allies accelerated after the end of World War II, resulting in the Cold War between the Soviet-led communist East and the <hl> American <hl>-led capitalist West. Key events that began the Cold War included Soviet, Yugoslav, Bulgarian, and Albanian intervention in the Greek Civil War on the side of the communists, and the creation of the Berlin Blockade by the Soviet Union in 1948. China returned to civil war between the Western-backed Kuomintang versus Mao Zedong's Communists supported by the Soviet Union with the Communists seizing control of all of mainland China in 1949, creating the People's Republic of China (PRC). Direct conflict between the East and West erupted in the Korean War, when the United Nations Security Council, with the absence of the Soviet Union at the time of the vote, voted for international intervention in Korea to stop the civil war. The United States and other Western powers used the war to prop up South Korea against Soviet and PRC-backed communist North Korea led by Kim Il-sung. The war ended in armistice and stalemate in 1953.", "sentence_answer": "Tensions between the Western Allies and the communist Eastern allies accelerated after the end of World War II, resulting in the Cold War between the Soviet-led communist East and the <hl> American <hl> -led capitalist West.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6c72b22cd4dfcfbe80b"}
-{"question": "Why did the Kingdom of Benin participate in the slave trade after centuries on non-participation?", "paragraph": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"  Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "answer": "The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods", "sentence": "The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. <hl> The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. <hl> Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "paragraph_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. <hl> The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods <hl> was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods <hl> was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b8722b22cd4dfcfbe44e"}
-{"question": "Where was bas-relief commonly used?", "paragraph": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less.  It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.  These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "answer": "In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America", "sentence": "In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.", "paragraph_sentence": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. <hl> In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. <hl> These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "paragraph_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. <hl> In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America <hl>, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America <hl> , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c50f2b22cd4dfcfc018e"}
-{"question": "When was the first time the 49 and 50 star U.S. flag was officially flown and where?", "paragraph": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "answer": "Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959", "sentence": "Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. <hl> Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at <hl> Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 <hl> and 1960 respectively.", "sentence_answer": "Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at <hl> Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 <hl> and 1960 respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6677992b22cd4dfcfbe020"}
-{"question": "What factors made family life impossible or unstable for colonists?", "paragraph": "Since the social history revolution in the 1970s historians have paid special attention to the role of women, family and gender in the colonial South. In the early Chesapeake colonies, very few women were present. In 1650, estimates put Maryland's total population near six hundred with fewer than two hundred women present. Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants, and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. African women entered the colony as early as 1619, although their status: free, slave or indentured servant remains a historical debate. In the 17th century high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists. These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. These extreme conditions both demeaned and empowered women. Lacking male protectors, women, especially teenage girls who were indentured servants, often were vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. On the other hand, without parental oversight, young women had much more freedom in choosing spouses, and the shortage of eligible women enabled them to use marriage as an avenue to upward mobility. The high death rates meant that Chesapeake wives generally became widows who inherited property; many widows increased their property by remarrying as soon as possible. The population began to stabilize around 1700, with a 1704 census listing 30,437 white people present with 7,163 of those being women. Women married younger, remained wed longer, bore more children, and lost influence within the family polity.", "answer": "high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women", "sentence": "In the 17th century high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the social history revolution in the 1970s historians have paid special attention to the role of women, family and gender in the colonial South. In the early Chesapeake colonies, very few women were present. In 1650, estimates put Maryland's total population near six hundred with fewer than two hundred women present. Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants, and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. African women entered the colony as early as 1619, although their status: free, slave or indentured servant remains a historical debate. <hl> In the 17th century high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists. <hl> These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. These extreme conditions both demeaned and empowered women. Lacking male protectors, women, especially teenage girls who were indentured servants, often were vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. On the other hand, without parental oversight, young women had much more freedom in choosing spouses, and the shortage of eligible women enabled them to use marriage as an avenue to upward mobility. The high death rates meant that Chesapeake wives generally became widows who inherited property; many widows increased their property by remarrying as soon as possible. The population began to stabilize around 1700, with a 1704 census listing 30,437 white people present with 7,163 of those being women. Women married younger, remained wed longer, bore more children, and lost influence within the family polity.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the social history revolution in the 1970s historians have paid special attention to the role of women, family and gender in the colonial South. In the early Chesapeake colonies, very few women were present. In 1650, estimates put Maryland's total population near six hundred with fewer than two hundred women present. Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants, and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. African women entered the colony as early as 1619, although their status: free, slave or indentured servant remains a historical debate. In the 17th century <hl> high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women <hl> made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists. These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. These extreme conditions both demeaned and empowered women. Lacking male protectors, women, especially teenage girls who were indentured servants, often were vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. On the other hand, without parental oversight, young women had much more freedom in choosing spouses, and the shortage of eligible women enabled them to use marriage as an avenue to upward mobility. The high death rates meant that Chesapeake wives generally became widows who inherited property; many widows increased their property by remarrying as soon as possible. The population began to stabilize around 1700, with a 1704 census listing 30,437 white people present with 7,163 of those being women. Women married younger, remained wed longer, bore more children, and lost influence within the family polity.", "sentence_answer": "In the 17th century <hl> high mortality rates for newcomers and a very high ratio of men to women <hl> made family life either impossible or unstable for most colonists.", "paragraph_id": "5d660fbd2b22cd4dfcfbd76d"}
-{"question": "What Observatory at Pitt was chosen as a historical landmark?", "paragraph": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "answer": "Allegheny", "sentence": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: <hl> Allegheny <hl> Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: <hl> Allegheny <hl> Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703952b22cd4dfcfbea75"}
-{"question": "What was one of the benefits of slavery?", "paragraph": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "answer": "capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant).", "sentence": "First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. <hl> First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. <hl> Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "paragraph_answer": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to <hl> capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). <hl> The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "sentence_answer": "First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to <hl> capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). <hl> The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society.", "paragraph_id": "5d6601672b22cd4dfcfbd565"}
-{"question": "What is an archetype of a plate in engineering?", "paragraph": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "answer": "concrete flat slab", "sentence": "A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate.", "paragraph_sentence": "Plates carry bending in two directions. <hl> A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. <hl> Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "paragraph_answer": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A <hl> concrete flat slab <hl> is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> concrete flat slab <hl> is an example of a plate.", "paragraph_id": "5d67551c2b22cd4dfcfbf751"}
-{"question": "Who created James Bond?", "paragraph": "On 12 November 1945, Ian Fleming, who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer. The following month, circulation reached 500,000. On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "answer": "Ian Fleming", "sentence": "On 12 November 1945, Ian Fleming , who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On 12 November 1945, Ian Fleming , who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer. <hl> The following month, circulation reached 500,000. On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "paragraph_answer": "On 12 November 1945, <hl> Ian Fleming <hl>, who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer. The following month, circulation reached 500,000. On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "sentence_answer": "On 12 November 1945, <hl> Ian Fleming <hl> , who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ba72b22cd4dfcfbf838"}
-{"question": "What notions did the results of the investigations of brain activity during moral reasoning support?", "paragraph": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature.  In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "answer": "the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings", "sentence": "This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings .", "paragraph_sentence": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). <hl> This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings . <hl> These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "paragraph_answer": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports <hl> the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings <hl>. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "sentence_answer": "This supports <hl> the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6768042b22cd4dfcfbfa43"}
-{"question": "The Swedish people brought which style of cabin to the New World?", "paragraph": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "answer": "log cabin", "sentence": "The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. <hl> The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. <hl> The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the <hl> log cabin <hl> to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The colonists also introduced the <hl> log cabin <hl> to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6642b22cd4dfcfbd1d5"}
-{"question": "Who became the acting editor of The Sunday Times in January 2013 after John Witherow?", "paragraph": "During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. The independent directors rejected a permanent position for Ivens as editor because of the possible merger of the two Times titles.", "answer": "Martin Ivens", "sentence": "During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. <hl> The independent directors rejected a permanent position for Ivens as editor because of the possible merger of the two Times titles.", "paragraph_answer": "During January 2013, <hl> Martin Ivens <hl> became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. The independent directors rejected a permanent position for Ivens as editor because of the possible merger of the two Times titles.", "sentence_answer": "During January 2013, <hl> Martin Ivens <hl> became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time.", "paragraph_id": "5d6732c72b22cd4dfcfbf24e"}
-{"question": "What distributes Sierra water throughout the state?", "paragraph": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California.  Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "answer": "aqueducts", "sentence": " Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. <hl> Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. <hl> However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major <hl> aqueducts <hl> serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "sentence_answer": " Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major <hl> aqueducts <hl> serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5582b22cd4dfcfbe79e"}
-{"question": "In which year did Spain trade Florida to Great Britain?", "paragraph": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "answer": "1763", "sentence": "In 1763 , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1763 , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. <hl> Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1763 <hl>, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1763 <hl> , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de8b2b22cd4dfcfbd020"}
-{"question": "How many visitors came to Istanbul in 2015?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "answer": "12.56", "sentence": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. <hl> Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed <hl> 12.56 <hl> million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed <hl> 12.56 <hl> million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f2882b22cd4dfcfbd38d"}
-{"question": "What year did the Yankees move to Yankee stadium?", "paragraph": "Today, Manhattan is the only borough in New York City that does not have a professional baseball franchise. The Bronx has the Yankees (American League) and Queens has the Mets (National League) of Major League Baseball. The Minor League Baseball Brooklyn Cyclones play in Brooklyn, while the Staten Island Yankees play in Staten Island. Yet three of the four major league teams to play in New York City played in Manhattan. The New York Giants played in the various incarnations of the Polo Grounds at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue from their inception in 1883\u2014except for 1889, when they split their time between Jersey City and Staten Island, and when they played in Hilltop Park in 1911\u2014until they headed west with the Brooklyn Dodgers after the 1957 season. The New York Yankees began their franchise as the Highlanders, named for Hilltop Park, where they played from their creation in 1903 until 1912. The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium. The New York Mets played in the Polo Grounds in 1962 and 1963, their first two seasons, before Shea Stadium was completed in 1964. After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing.", "answer": "1923", "sentence": "The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium.", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, Manhattan is the only borough in New York City that does not have a professional baseball franchise. The Bronx has the Yankees (American League) and Queens has the Mets (National League) of Major League Baseball. The Minor League Baseball Brooklyn Cyclones play in Brooklyn, while the Staten Island Yankees play in Staten Island. Yet three of the four major league teams to play in New York City played in Manhattan. The New York Giants played in the various incarnations of the Polo Grounds at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue from their inception in 1883\u2014except for 1889, when they split their time between Jersey City and Staten Island, and when they played in Hilltop Park in 1911\u2014until they headed west with the Brooklyn Dodgers after the 1957 season. The New York Yankees began their franchise as the Highlanders, named for Hilltop Park, where they played from their creation in 1903 until 1912. <hl> The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium. <hl> The New York Mets played in the Polo Grounds in 1962 and 1963, their first two seasons, before Shea Stadium was completed in 1964. After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing.", "paragraph_answer": "Today, Manhattan is the only borough in New York City that does not have a professional baseball franchise. The Bronx has the Yankees (American League) and Queens has the Mets (National League) of Major League Baseball. The Minor League Baseball Brooklyn Cyclones play in Brooklyn, while the Staten Island Yankees play in Staten Island. Yet three of the four major league teams to play in New York City played in Manhattan. The New York Giants played in the various incarnations of the Polo Grounds at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue from their inception in 1883\u2014except for 1889, when they split their time between Jersey City and Staten Island, and when they played in Hilltop Park in 1911\u2014until they headed west with the Brooklyn Dodgers after the 1957 season. The New York Yankees began their franchise as the Highlanders, named for Hilltop Park, where they played from their creation in 1903 until 1912. The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in <hl> 1923 <hl> to Yankee Stadium. The New York Mets played in the Polo Grounds in 1962 and 1963, their first two seasons, before Shea Stadium was completed in 1964. After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing.", "sentence_answer": "The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in <hl> 1923 <hl> to Yankee Stadium.", "paragraph_id": "5d671ca52b22cd4dfcfbef9c"}
-{"question": "On what date was Manhattan abandoned by the Continental Army?", "paragraph": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "answer": "November 16, 1776", "sentence": "The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. <hl> The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776 . <hl> The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on <hl> November 16, 1776 <hl>. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "sentence_answer": "The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on <hl> November 16, 1776 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6701092b22cd4dfcfbea00"}
-{"question": "How much of the volume of the Baltic is from freshwater runoff?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "answer": "one-fortieth", "sentence": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). <hl> The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly <hl> one-fortieth <hl> its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "sentence_answer": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly <hl> one-fortieth <hl> its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi).", "paragraph_id": "5d661a572b22cd4dfcfbd8c2"}
-{"question": "What is also known as armamentarium?", "paragraph": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ;  equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "answer": "Medical equipment", "sentence": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. <hl> There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Medical equipment <hl> (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Medical equipment <hl> (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dc62b22cd4dfcfbfe76"}
-{"question": "There is a what between the ease of working within a formal system and the ease of proving results?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "a trade-off", "sentence": "There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. <hl> There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus <hl> a trade-off <hl> between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "There is thus <hl> a trade-off <hl> between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6a32b22cd4dfcfbe3b6"}
-{"question": "What are the Un-official colors used on when pertaining to the U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products intended to evoke flag colors. The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new. As Taylor, Knoche, and Granville wrote in 1950: \"The color of the official wool bunting [of the blue field] is a very dark blue, but printed reproductions of the flag, as well as merchandise supposed to match the flag, present the color as a deep blue much brighter than the official wool.\"", "answer": "mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products", "sentence": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products intended to evoke flag colors.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products intended to evoke flag colors. <hl> The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new. As Taylor, Knoche, and Granville wrote in 1950: \"The color of the official wool bunting [of the blue field] is a very dark blue, but printed reproductions of the flag, as well as merchandise supposed to match the flag, present the color as a deep blue much brighter than the official wool.\"", "paragraph_answer": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for <hl> mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products <hl> intended to evoke flag colors. The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new. As Taylor, Knoche, and Granville wrote in 1950: \"The color of the official wool bunting [of the blue field] is a very dark blue, but printed reproductions of the flag, as well as merchandise supposed to match the flag, present the color as a deep blue much brighter than the official wool.\"", "sentence_answer": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for <hl> mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products <hl> intended to evoke flag colors.", "paragraph_id": "5d6673ee2b22cd4dfcfbdf8c"}
-{"question": "Where is the Silchar railway station?", "paragraph": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "answer": "Assam", "sentence": "National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam , which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. <hl> National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam , which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. <hl> The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "paragraph_answer": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in <hl> Assam <hl>, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "sentence_answer": "National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in <hl> Assam <hl> , which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6764ef2b22cd4dfcfbf9b8"}
-{"question": "Which mountain area had a particularly diverse group of Partisans?", "paragraph": "Until early 1942, the almost exclusively Serb Partisans in Bosnia and Herzegovina cooperated closely with the Chetniks, and some Partisans in eastern Herzegovina and western Bosnia refused to accept Muslims into their ranks. For many Muslims, the behavior of these Serb Partisans towards them meant that there was little difference for them between the Partisans and Chetniks. However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo. In the Kozara area, Muslims and Croats made up 25 percent of Partisan strength by the end of 1941.", "answer": "Kozara Mountain", "sentence": "However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo.", "paragraph_sentence": "Until early 1942, the almost exclusively Serb Partisans in Bosnia and Herzegovina cooperated closely with the Chetniks, and some Partisans in eastern Herzegovina and western Bosnia refused to accept Muslims into their ranks. For many Muslims, the behavior of these Serb Partisans towards them meant that there was little difference for them between the Partisans and Chetniks. <hl> However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo. <hl> In the Kozara area, Muslims and Croats made up 25 percent of Partisan strength by the end of 1941.", "paragraph_answer": "Until early 1942, the almost exclusively Serb Partisans in Bosnia and Herzegovina cooperated closely with the Chetniks, and some Partisans in eastern Herzegovina and western Bosnia refused to accept Muslims into their ranks. For many Muslims, the behavior of these Serb Partisans towards them meant that there was little difference for them between the Partisans and Chetniks. However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the <hl> Kozara Mountain <hl> area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo. In the Kozara area, Muslims and Croats made up 25 percent of Partisan strength by the end of 1941.", "sentence_answer": "However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the <hl> Kozara Mountain <hl> area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd012b22cd4dfcfbe94b"}
-{"question": "How many categories of precipitation are there?", "paragraph": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall.  Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.  Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.  Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously.  Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle.  Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\".  Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "answer": "three categories", "sentence": " Precipitation can be divided into three categories , based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. <hl> Precipitation can be divided into three categories , based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. <hl> Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "paragraph_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into <hl> three categories <hl>, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "sentence_answer": " Precipitation can be divided into <hl> three categories <hl> , based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb0e2b22cd4dfcfc00c8"}
-{"question": "To how much Are these laws or regulation are a must to do ?", "paragraph": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.  They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "answer": "Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation", "sentence": "Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation , and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_sentence": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. <hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation , and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. <hl> The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "paragraph_answer": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. <hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation <hl>, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation <hl> , and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_id": "5d6623f52b22cd4dfcfbd9e3"}
-{"question": "What did stannum come to mean in the 4th century BCE?", "paragraph": "The Latin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "answer": "tin", "sentence": "The La tin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The La tin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". <hl> Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "paragraph_answer": "The La<hl> tin <hl> name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "sentence_answer": "The La <hl> tin <hl> name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcc92b22cd4dfcfbe92f"}
-{"question": "When was the Annual Homeless Assessment Report first released?", "paragraph": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007. The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS).", "answer": "June of every year since 2007", "sentence": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007 . <hl> The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS).", "paragraph_answer": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in <hl> June of every year since 2007 <hl>. The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS).", "sentence_answer": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in <hl> June of every year since 2007 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6693122b22cd4dfcfbe2ce"}
-{"question": "Which rivers drain from the east?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.", "sentence": "Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. [citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. <hl> Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. [citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the <hl> Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. <hl>[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the <hl> Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. <hl> [citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebb4"}
-{"question": "What types of plants were seen as undesirable?", "paragraph": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "answer": "Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste", "sentence": "Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable.", "paragraph_sentence": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. <hl> Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. <hl> Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "paragraph_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. <hl> Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste <hl> would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste <hl> would have been seen as undesirable.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d552b22cd4dfcfbf3b2"}
-{"question": "What does an etymologist do?", "paragraph": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin:  given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name.  This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "answer": "classify European surnames", "sentence": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin:  given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name. <hl> This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "Name etymologists <hl> classify European surnames <hl> under five categories, depending on their origin: given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name. This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": "Name etymologists <hl> classify European surnames <hl> under five categories, depending on their origin: given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name.", "paragraph_id": "5d671d252b22cd4dfcfbefb8"}
-{"question": "Are there more towns or cities in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "answer": "towns", "sentence": "The state is divided into 169 towns , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. <hl> The state is divided into 169 towns , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. <hl> There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 <hl> towns <hl>, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "sentence_answer": "The state is divided into 169 <hl> towns <hl> , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e73a2b22cd4dfcfbd207"}
-{"question": "How many brands is the tin traded under?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "17 brands", "sentence": "\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands .", "paragraph_sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. <hl> Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under <hl> 17 brands <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under <hl> 17 brands <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677e172b22cd4dfcfbfd66"}
-{"question": "What happens when a subprogram calls itself due to recursion?", "paragraph": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "answer": "execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs", "sentence": "If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs .", "paragraph_sentence": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. <hl> If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs . <hl> Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "paragraph_answer": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its <hl> execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs <hl>. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "sentence_answer": "If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its <hl> execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675b0b2b22cd4dfcfbf821"}
-{"question": "What values do Paul Kurtz say transcend cultures?", "paragraph": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "answer": "integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness", "sentence": "Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness .", "paragraph_sentence": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". <hl> Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness . <hl> These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "paragraph_answer": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including <hl> integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness <hl>. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "sentence_answer": "Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including <hl> integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670c4e2b22cd4dfcfbec1e"}
-{"question": "What theory shows that there are functions that can be precisely defined but are not computable?", "paragraph": "Fundamental results of computability theory show that there are functions that can be precisely defined but are not computable. Moreover, in the sense of cardinality, almost all functions from the integers to integers are not computable. The number of computable functions from integers to integers is countable, because the number of possible algorithms is. The number of all functions from integers to integers is higher: the same as the cardinality of the real numbers. Thus most functions from integers to integers are not computable. Specific examples of uncomputable functions are known, including the busy beaver function and functions related to the halting problem and other undecidable problems.", "answer": "computability theory", "sentence": "Fundamental results of computability theory show that there are functions that can be precisely defined but are not computable.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Fundamental results of computability theory show that there are functions that can be precisely defined but are not computable. <hl> Moreover, in the sense of cardinality, almost all functions from the integers to integers are not computable. The number of computable functions from integers to integers is countable, because the number of possible algorithms is. The number of all functions from integers to integers is higher: the same as the cardinality of the real numbers. Thus most functions from integers to integers are not computable. Specific examples of uncomputable functions are known, including the busy beaver function and functions related to the halting problem and other undecidable problems.", "paragraph_answer": "Fundamental results of <hl> computability theory <hl> show that there are functions that can be precisely defined but are not computable. Moreover, in the sense of cardinality, almost all functions from the integers to integers are not computable. The number of computable functions from integers to integers is countable, because the number of possible algorithms is. The number of all functions from integers to integers is higher: the same as the cardinality of the real numbers. Thus most functions from integers to integers are not computable. Specific examples of uncomputable functions are known, including the busy beaver function and functions related to the halting problem and other undecidable problems.", "sentence_answer": "Fundamental results of <hl> computability theory <hl> show that there are functions that can be precisely defined but are not computable.", "paragraph_id": "5d660af42b22cd4dfcfbd6ac"}
-{"question": "The RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against which country?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Germany", "sentence": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. <hl> Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. <hl> However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815de2b22cd4dfcfc0581"}
-{"question": "How many ships did the partisans Navy had?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "9 or 10 armed ships", "sentence": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships , 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. <hl> At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships , 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). <hl> The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded <hl> 9 or 10 armed ships <hl>, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded <hl> 9 or 10 armed ships <hl> , 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_id": "5d67bce52b22cd4dfcfc010c"}
-{"question": "During what years was the most recent U.S. recession?", "paragraph": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "answer": "2007-2009", "sentence": "Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession.", "paragraph_sentence": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. <hl> Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. <hl> Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "paragraph_answer": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the <hl> 2007-2009 <hl> recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the <hl> 2007-2009 <hl> recession.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706552b22cd4dfcfbeaef"}
-{"question": "Who creates the protocols for the internet?", "paragraph": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "answer": "Voluntary boards", "sentence": "Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones.", "paragraph_sentence": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. <hl> Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. <hl> Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. <hl> Voluntary boards <hl> establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Voluntary boards <hl> establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8ab2b22cd4dfcfbcee4"}
-{"question": "What would be the preferred style of name should Eva Duarte and Juan Domingo Peron marry?", "paragraph": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was Eva Per\u00f3n, or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "answer": "Eva Per\u00f3n", "sentence": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was Eva Per\u00f3n , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was Eva Per\u00f3n , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was <hl> Eva Per\u00f3n <hl>, or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "sentence_answer": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was <hl> Eva Per\u00f3n <hl> , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "paragraph_id": "5d67be6b2b22cd4dfcfc0133"}
-{"question": "In Manipur, how many explosions were recorded in 2013?", "paragraph": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "answer": "76", "sentence": "However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). <hl> However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. <hl> Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "paragraph_answer": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were <hl> 76 <hl> explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "sentence_answer": "However, there were <hl> 76 <hl> explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012.", "paragraph_id": "5d67625a2b22cd4dfcfbf964"}
-{"question": "What is one example of how the names are used in India?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "In telephone directories the surname is used for collation", "sentence": "In telephone directories the surname is used for collation .", "paragraph_sentence": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. <hl> In telephone directories the surname is used for collation . <hl> In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. <hl> In telephone directories the surname is used for collation <hl>. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In telephone directories the surname is used for collation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d32b22cd4dfcfbff14"}
-{"question": "Which president was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel?", "paragraph": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "answer": "President Franklin D. Roosevelt", "sentence": "The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it.", "paragraph_sentence": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. <hl> The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. <hl> The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "paragraph_answer": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; <hl> President Franklin D. Roosevelt <hl> was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "sentence_answer": "The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; <hl> President Franklin D. Roosevelt <hl> was the first person to drive through it.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f23a2b22cd4dfcfbe6d1"}
-{"question": "What discipline focuses on the classification and the pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous systems?", "paragraph": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "answer": "Neuropathology", "sentence": "Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. <hl> Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. <hl> Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "paragraph_answer": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. <hl> Neuropathology <hl> focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Neuropathology <hl> focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations.", "paragraph_id": "5d672dad2b22cd4dfcfbf1c6"}
-{"question": "Do most insurance groups operate in the same manner?", "paragraph": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation.  Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups.  That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well).  There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether.  All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "answer": "There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next", "sentence": " There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether.", "paragraph_sentence": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation. Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups. That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well). <hl> There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether. <hl> All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "paragraph_answer": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation. Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups. That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well). <hl> There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next <hl> in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether. All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next <hl> in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ea992b22cd4dfcfbe52b"}
-{"question": "What extinct species of cetacean once traveled to the Baltic?", "paragraph": "Cetaceans in Baltic Sea have been monitored by the ASCOBANS. Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. In recent years, very small, but with an increasing rate, humpback whales migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. Now extinct Atlantic grey whales and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "answer": "Atlantic grey whales", "sentence": "Now extinct Atlantic grey whales and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cetaceans in Baltic Sea have been monitored by the ASCOBANS. Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. In recent years, very small, but with an increasing rate, humpback whales migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. <hl> Now extinct Atlantic grey whales and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cetaceans in Baltic Sea have been monitored by the ASCOBANS. Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. In recent years, very small, but with an increasing rate, humpback whales migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. Now extinct <hl> Atlantic grey whales <hl> and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "Now extinct <hl> Atlantic grey whales <hl> and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cb2b2b22cd4dfcfbcd80"}
-{"question": "Where is the New York Amsterdam News based in?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "answer": "Harlem", "sentence": "The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem , is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. <hl> The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem , is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. <hl> The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in <hl> Harlem <hl>, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "sentence_answer": "The New York Amsterdam News, based in <hl> Harlem <hl> , is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a1132b22cd4dfcfbfec8"}
-{"question": "What important colony did France lose to a slave revolt in 1791?", "paragraph": "By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to the United Kingdom. After entering the sugar colony business late, British naval supremacy and control over key islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, the Leeward Islands and Barbados and the territory of British Guiana gave it an important edge over all competitors; while many British did not make gains, a handful of individuals made small fortunes. This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. Before 1791, British sugar had to be protected to compete against cheaper French sugar.", "answer": "St. Domingue", "sentence": "This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty.", "paragraph_sentence": "By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to the United Kingdom. After entering the sugar colony business late, British naval supremacy and control over key islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, the Leeward Islands and Barbados and the territory of British Guiana gave it an important edge over all competitors; while many British did not make gains, a handful of individuals made small fortunes. <hl> This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. <hl> Before 1791, British sugar had to be protected to compete against cheaper French sugar.", "paragraph_answer": "By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to the United Kingdom. After entering the sugar colony business late, British naval supremacy and control over key islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, the Leeward Islands and Barbados and the territory of British Guiana gave it an important edge over all competitors; while many British did not make gains, a handful of individuals made small fortunes. This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, <hl> St. Domingue <hl> (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. Before 1791, British sugar had to be protected to compete against cheaper French sugar.", "sentence_answer": "This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, <hl> St. Domingue <hl> (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667332b22cd4dfcfbde04"}
-{"question": "Why is the crust of the earth in that region depressed?", "paragraph": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "answer": "was caused by the weight of ice", "sentence": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. <hl> The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "paragraph_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which <hl> was caused by the weight of ice <hl> during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "sentence_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which <hl> was caused by the weight of ice <hl> during the last glaciation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7b42b22cd4dfcfbccfc"}
-{"question": "What are two features of postmodern influence in music scores?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression", "sentence": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression <hl>, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression <hl> , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf08f"}
-{"question": "How tall is the Cathedral of Learning?", "paragraph": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "answer": "42-story", "sentence": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_sentence": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. <hl> The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. <hl> The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "paragraph_answer": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its <hl> 42-story <hl> Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "sentence_answer": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its <hl> 42-story <hl> Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f9772b22cd4dfcfbe8ae"}
-{"question": "Who was a leader in the Digger movement?", "paragraph": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "answer": "Gerrard Winstanley", "sentence": "In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley , a leading participant in the Digger movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. <hl> In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley , a leading participant in the Digger movement. <hl> The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "paragraph_answer": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, <hl> Gerrard Winstanley <hl>, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "sentence_answer": "In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, <hl> Gerrard Winstanley <hl> , a leading participant in the Digger movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd922b22cd4dfcfbcfbf"}
-{"question": "What is Jose's Luis' First surname?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "Rodr\u00edguez", "sentence": "For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. <hl> For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis <hl> Rodr\u00edguez <hl> Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis <hl> Rodr\u00edguez <hl> Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7362b22cd4dfcfbff28"}
-{"question": "Which magazine promoted immigration in their suggestions to encourage new businesses?", "paragraph": "Regulatory costs on business start-ups and going concerns are significant. Requiring laws to have sunset provisions (end-dates) would help ensure only worthwhile regulations are renewed. New businesses account for about one-fifth of new jobs added. However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. Inc. magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "answer": "Inc.", "sentence": "Inc. magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "paragraph_sentence": "Regulatory costs on business start-ups and going concerns are significant. Requiring laws to have sunset provisions (end-dates) would help ensure only worthwhile regulations are renewed. New businesses account for about one-fifth of new jobs added. However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. <hl> Inc. magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Regulatory costs on business start-ups and going concerns are significant. Requiring laws to have sunset provisions (end-dates) would help ensure only worthwhile regulations are renewed. New businesses account for about one-fifth of new jobs added. However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. <hl> Inc. <hl> magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Inc. <hl> magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b2cd2b22cd4dfcfbffc0"}
-{"question": "A large tsunami caused the deaths of about how many people?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "answer": "10,000", "sentence": "Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. <hl> Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. <hl> More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than <hl> 10,000 <hl> people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "sentence_answer": "Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than <hl> 10,000 <hl> people.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccea2b22cd4dfcfbcd92"}
-{"question": "Who holds the Fall Fest?", "paragraph": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "answer": "Pitt Program Council", "sentence": "These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands.", "paragraph_sentence": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". <hl> These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. <hl> Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "paragraph_answer": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". These festivals are held by the <hl> Pitt Program Council <hl> between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "sentence_answer": "These festivals are held by the <hl> Pitt Program Council <hl> between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands.", "paragraph_id": "5d676bb32b22cd4dfcfbfad5"}
-{"question": "Why is the tin whistle so called?", "paragraph": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "answer": "because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel", "sentence": "The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". <hl> The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called <hl> because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The tin whistle is so called <hl> because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670d482b22cd4dfcfbec48"}
-{"question": "What years did Rotterdam have trouble filling pop music venues?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed]  Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music.\nThere are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "answer": "2005\u20132011", "sentence": "In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed]  Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. <hl> In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. <hl> This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years <hl> 2005\u20132011 <hl> the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "In the years <hl> 2005\u20132011 <hl> the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9422b22cd4dfcfc008a"}
-{"question": "Which two groups of political groups identify as economically and socially conservative?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "Republicans and Republican-leaning independents", "sentence": "In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. <hl> In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of <hl> Republicans and Republican-leaning independents <hl> identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "In another Gallup poll, 42% of <hl> Republicans and Republican-leaning independents <hl> identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_id": "5d673dac2b22cd4dfcfbf3c4"}
-{"question": "What do small droplets of water collide with in a cloud to form precipitation?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "other rain drops or ice crystals", "sentence": "Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. <hl> Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. <hl> Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with <hl> other rain drops or ice crystals <hl> within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": "Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with <hl> other rain drops or ice crystals <hl> within a cloud.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7c32b22cd4dfcfc001a"}
-{"question": "The Westermarck effect reduces what risky behavior?", "paragraph": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "answer": "inbreeding", "sentence": "Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding .", "paragraph_sentence": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). <hl> Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as <hl> inbreeding <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as <hl> inbreeding <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675a412b22cd4dfcfbf809"}
-{"question": "What is the name of a foreign high school established in the 19th century?", "paragraph": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "answer": "Liceo Italiano", "sentence": "The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano , that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. <hl> The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano , that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as <hl> Liceo Italiano <hl>, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "sentence_answer": "The city also has foreign high schools, such as <hl> Liceo Italiano <hl> , that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7e52b22cd4dfcfbd476"}
-{"question": "What year did FDR serve his third term?", "paragraph": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "answer": "1940", "sentence": "Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. <hl> Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. <hl> Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in <hl> 1940 <hl> and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "sentence_answer": "Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in <hl> 1940 <hl> and 1944.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741d02b22cd4dfcfbf424"}
-{"question": "What is another name for homomorphisms?", "paragraph": "The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "answer": "structure-preserving functions", "sentence": "The idea of structure-preserving functions , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The idea of structure-preserving functions , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. <hl> In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of <hl> structure-preserving functions <hl>, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "sentence_answer": "The idea of <hl> structure-preserving functions <hl> , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory.", "paragraph_id": "5d66cad12b22cd4dfcfbe4a8"}
-{"question": "Why did Mount Holyoke College engage in a debate under the presidency of Truman?", "paragraph": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "answer": "the issue of coeducation", "sentence": "Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation .", "paragraph_sentence": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. <hl> Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation . <hl> On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "paragraph_answer": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over <hl> the issue of coeducation <hl>. On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "sentence_answer": "Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over <hl> the issue of coeducation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677a752b22cd4dfcfbfcee"}
-{"question": "will the earth run out of tin?", "paragraph": "About 253,000 tonnes of tin have been mined in 2011, mostly in China (110,000 t), Indonesia (51,000 t), Peru (34,600 t), Bolivia (20,700 t) and Brazil (12,000 t). Estimates of tin production have historically varied with the dynamics of economic feasibility and the development of mining technologies, but it is estimated that, at current consumption rates and technologies, the Earth will run out of tin that can be mined in 40 years. However Lester Brown has suggested tin could run out within 20 years based on an extremely conservative extrapolation of 2% growth per year.", "answer": "the Earth will run out of tin that can be mined in 40 years", "sentence": "Estimates of tin production have historically varied with the dynamics of economic feasibility and the development of mining technologies, but it is estimated that, at current consumption rates and technologies, the Earth will run out of tin that can be mined in 40 years .", "paragraph_sentence": "About 253,000 tonnes of tin have been mined in 2011, mostly in China (110,000 t), Indonesia (51,000 t), Peru (34,600 t), Bolivia (20,700 t) and Brazil (12,000 t). <hl> Estimates of tin production have historically varied with the dynamics of economic feasibility and the development of mining technologies, but it is estimated that, at current consumption rates and technologies, the Earth will run out of tin that can be mined in 40 years . <hl> However Lester Brown has suggested tin could run out within 20 years based on an extremely conservative extrapolation of 2% growth per year.", "paragraph_answer": "About 253,000 tonnes of tin have been mined in 2011, mostly in China (110,000 t), Indonesia (51,000 t), Peru (34,600 t), Bolivia (20,700 t) and Brazil (12,000 t). Estimates of tin production have historically varied with the dynamics of economic feasibility and the development of mining technologies, but it is estimated that, at current consumption rates and technologies, <hl> the Earth will run out of tin that can be mined in 40 years <hl>. However Lester Brown has suggested tin could run out within 20 years based on an extremely conservative extrapolation of 2% growth per year.", "sentence_answer": "Estimates of tin production have historically varied with the dynamics of economic feasibility and the development of mining technologies, but it is estimated that, at current consumption rates and technologies, <hl> the Earth will run out of tin that can be mined in 40 years <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67f25f2b22cd4dfcfc0481"}
-{"question": "How many Nationality Rooms does Pitt have?", "paragraph": "Pitt's history of commitment to international education is illustrated by its unique collection of 30 Nationality Rooms on the first and third floors of the Cathedral of Learning. As a further demonstration of this commitment, Pitt is one of the country's leading producers of both Fulbright scholars and Peace Corps volunteers and one of fewer than 20 American universities to claim five or more area studies programs that have been competitively designated as National Resource Centers by the U.S. Department of Education.", "answer": "30", "sentence": "Pitt's history of commitment to international education is illustrated by its unique collection of 30 Nationality Rooms on the first and third floors of the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Pitt's history of commitment to international education is illustrated by its unique collection of 30 Nationality Rooms on the first and third floors of the Cathedral of Learning. <hl> As a further demonstration of this commitment, Pitt is one of the country's leading producers of both Fulbright scholars and Peace Corps volunteers and one of fewer than 20 American universities to claim five or more area studies programs that have been competitively designated as National Resource Centers by the U.S. Department of Education.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt's history of commitment to international education is illustrated by its unique collection of <hl> 30 <hl> Nationality Rooms on the first and third floors of the Cathedral of Learning. As a further demonstration of this commitment, Pitt is one of the country's leading producers of both Fulbright scholars and Peace Corps volunteers and one of fewer than 20 American universities to claim five or more area studies programs that have been competitively designated as National Resource Centers by the U.S. Department of Education.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt's history of commitment to international education is illustrated by its unique collection of <hl> 30 <hl> Nationality Rooms on the first and third floors of the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6612b22cd4dfcfc01b8"}
-{"question": "How many roads travel cross-town through Central Park?", "paragraph": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "answer": "4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park,", "sentence": "only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and <hl> only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. <hl> Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only <hl> 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, <hl> which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "only <hl> 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, <hl> which is between 59th Street and 110th Street.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710772b22cd4dfcfbed18"}
-{"question": "In what year did the NCAA enforce this rule?", "paragraph": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "answer": "2012", "sentence": "In 2012 , this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. <hl> In 2012 , this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. <hl> In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "paragraph_answer": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In <hl> 2012 <hl>, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 2012 <hl> , this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b392b22cd4dfcfbf829"}
-{"question": "At least how many where killed in the Bleiburg killings?", "paragraph": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "answer": "30,000", "sentence": "Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. <hl> Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least <hl> 30,000 <hl> people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "sentence_answer": "Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least <hl> 30,000 <hl> people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e62b22cd4dfcfbf015"}
-{"question": "What was the earliest year in which Prescott Bush was a senator of Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "answer": "1953", "sentence": "He served 1953 \u201363.", "paragraph_sentence": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. <hl> He served 1953 \u201363. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served <hl> 1953 <hl>\u201363.", "sentence_answer": "He served <hl> 1953 <hl> \u201363.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f58c2b22cd4dfcfbd416"}
-{"question": "Where were most of the physicians and surgeons who started these schools trained?", "paragraph": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "answer": "England and Scotland", "sentence": "These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland .", "paragraph_sentence": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. <hl> These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland . <hl> University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "paragraph_answer": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in <hl> England and Scotland <hl>. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "sentence_answer": "These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in <hl> England and Scotland <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb742b22cd4dfcfbd28f"}
-{"question": "In what period did David Rioch start research through clinical psychiatry?", "paragraph": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s. During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "answer": "in the 1950s", "sentence": "Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. <hl> Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s . <hl> During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "paragraph_answer": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting <hl> in the 1950s <hl>. During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "sentence_answer": "Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting <hl> in the 1950s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670d6b2b22cd4dfcfbec5b"}
-{"question": "In which war did the British capture Havana,Cuba?", "paragraph": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "answer": "the Seven Years' War", "sentence": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War . <hl> Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during <hl> the Seven Years' War <hl>. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "sentence_answer": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during <hl> the Seven Years' War <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65de8b2b22cd4dfcfbd022"}
-{"question": "When did the United States win in the world cup?", "paragraph": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "answer": "The United States won in 1996", "sentence": "The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. <hl> The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. <hl> The United States won in 1996 <hl> and Canada won in 2004.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The United States won in 1996 <hl> and Canada won in 2004.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3fa2b22cd4dfcfbd142"}
-{"question": "Which macronym was discovered to be the most deeply nested?", "paragraph": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "answer": "RARS", "sentence": "In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. <hl> In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". <hl> Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "paragraph_answer": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: <hl> RARS <hl> is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "sentence_answer": "In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: <hl> RARS <hl> is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6575a82b22cd4dfcfbc912"}
-{"question": "What was the name of the first fully professional hockey league?", "paragraph": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904. The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "answer": "the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)", "sentence": "The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014 the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) \u2014in 1904.", "paragraph_sentence": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. <hl> The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014 the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) \u2014in 1904. <hl> The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "paragraph_answer": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014<hl> the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) <hl>\u2014in 1904. The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "sentence_answer": "The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014 <hl> the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) <hl> \u2014in 1904.", "paragraph_id": "5d666e172b22cd4dfcfbdec6"}
-{"question": "What must travelers do?", "paragraph": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "answer": "Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "sentence": "Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. <hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. <hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d67025f2b22cd4dfcfbea2b"}
-{"question": "What is the abbreviation for the Oxford English Dictionary?", "paragraph": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "answer": "OED", "sentence": "The Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "paragraph_sentence": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. <hl> The Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (<hl> OED <hl>) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "sentence_answer": "The Oxford English Dictionary ( <hl> OED <hl> ) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1a42b22cd4dfcfbcba5"}
-{"question": "When did the United States act to abolish its internal slave trade?", "paragraph": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "answer": "the 1860s", "sentence": "The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s .", "paragraph_sentence": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. <hl> The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s . <hl> In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "paragraph_answer": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until <hl> the 1860s <hl>. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "sentence_answer": "The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until <hl> the 1860s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0472b22cd4dfcfbd33c"}
-{"question": "What marker was dispersed with farming in Africa?", "paragraph": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa.", "answer": "Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a", "sentence": "In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. <hl> In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of <hl> Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a <hl> from West Africa.", "sentence_answer": "In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of <hl> Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a <hl> from West Africa.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d39e2b22cd4dfcfc02c7"}
-{"question": "Who were aggressive in battling the Germans?", "paragraph": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "answer": "Partisans", "sentence": "The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_sentence": "His reports contained two important observations. <hl> The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. <hl> The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "paragraph_answer": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the <hl> Partisans <hl> were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "sentence_answer": "The first was that the <hl> Partisans <hl> were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8002b22cd4dfcfc002a"}
-{"question": "What are lenses made out of?", "paragraph": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "answer": "transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape", "sentence": "Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape .", "paragraph_sentence": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. <hl> Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape . <hl> A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. Lenses are made from <hl> transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape <hl>. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "sentence_answer": "Lenses are made from <hl> transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6767ab2b22cd4dfcfbfa17"}
-{"question": "What was the population of Detroit in 1773?", "paragraph": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "answer": "1,400", "sentence": "By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400 .", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. <hl> By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400 . <hl> At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was <hl> 1,400 <hl>. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "sentence_answer": "By 1773, the population of Detroit was <hl> 1,400 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3222b22cd4dfcfbd11b"}
-{"question": "When was Yugoslavia invaded by Axis powers?", "paragraph": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "answer": "6 April 1941", "sentence": "On 6 April 1941 , the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On 6 April 1941 , the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. <hl> During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "paragraph_answer": "On <hl> 6 April 1941 <hl>, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> 6 April 1941 <hl> , the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fb8f2b22cd4dfcfc04ce"}
-{"question": "E. Van Ree believed that Stalin generally followed whose political philosophy?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "answer": "Marx", "sentence": "Marx ism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marx ism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. <hl> Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Marx <hl>ism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Marx <hl> ism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism.", "paragraph_id": "5d672a812b22cd4dfcfbf145"}
-{"question": "Who ruled over the town post invasion?", "paragraph": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious  \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "answer": "Robert D'Oyly", "sentence": "Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly , who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. <hl> Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly , who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. <hl> The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, <hl> Robert D'Oyly <hl>, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "sentence_answer": "Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, <hl> Robert D'Oyly <hl> , who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736552b22cd4dfcfbf2a3"}
-{"question": "Where is it common to have surname in western cultures?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "placed after the personal or given name", "sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\").", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1112b22cd4dfcfc0460"}
-{"question": "What country did escaped Allied soldiers pass though on their way to Bari in Italy?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "Croatia", "sentence": "These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. <hl> These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. <hl> In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through <hl> Croatia <hl> for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through <hl> Croatia <hl> for a boat passage to Bari in Italy.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99e2b22cd4dfcfc00a4"}
-{"question": "What is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday paper?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "answer": "The Sunday Times", "sentence": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. <hl> It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper.", "paragraph_id": "5d6828882b22cd4dfcfc0607"}
-{"question": "What principle does the Senate not adhere to?", "paragraph": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "answer": "\"one vote one value\"", "sentence": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\" . <hl> Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "paragraph_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of <hl> \"one vote one value\" <hl>. Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "sentence_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of <hl> \"one vote one value\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66d7f52b22cd4dfcfbe4bd"}
-{"question": "When was The History of Nations written?", "paragraph": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "answer": "1910", "sentence": "In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d", "paragraph_sentence": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. <hl> In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d <hl> He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. In his <hl> 1910 <hl> The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "In his <hl> 1910 <hl> The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d", "paragraph_id": "5d660b092b22cd4dfcfbd6b6"}
-{"question": "How large is Emirgan park?", "paragraph": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "answer": "47-hectare (120-acre)", "sentence": "Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. <hl> Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. <hl> Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the <hl> 47-hectare (120-acre) <hl> park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "sentence_answer": "Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the <hl> 47-hectare (120-acre) <hl> park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b2c92b22cd4dfcfbe3f4"}
-{"question": "The Nuruosmaniye Mosque was built in what style?", "paragraph": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque),  and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "answer": "European styles", "sentence": "In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles .", "paragraph_sentence": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. <hl> In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles . <hl> An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "paragraph_answer": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by <hl> European styles <hl>. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "sentence_answer": "In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by <hl> European styles <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8532b22cd4dfcfbd21a"}
-{"question": "What was an adverse effect of the development around Lake Tahoe?", "paragraph": "Between 1912 and 1918, Congress debated three times to protect Lake Tahoe in a national park. None of these efforts succeeded, and after World War II, towns such as South Lake Tahoe grew around the shores of the lake. By 1980, the permanent population of the Lake Tahoe area grew to 50,000, while the summer population grew to 90,000. The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water. In order to preserve the lake's clarity, construction in the Tahoe basin is currently regulated by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency.", "answer": "clarity of the lake water", "sentence": "The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water .", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1912 and 1918, Congress debated three times to protect Lake Tahoe in a national park. None of these efforts succeeded, and after World War II, towns such as South Lake Tahoe grew around the shores of the lake. By 1980, the permanent population of the Lake Tahoe area grew to 50,000, while the summer population grew to 90,000. <hl> The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water . <hl> In order to preserve the lake's clarity, construction in the Tahoe basin is currently regulated by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency.", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1912 and 1918, Congress debated three times to protect Lake Tahoe in a national park. None of these efforts succeeded, and after World War II, towns such as South Lake Tahoe grew around the shores of the lake. By 1980, the permanent population of the Lake Tahoe area grew to 50,000, while the summer population grew to 90,000. The development around Lake Tahoe affected the <hl> clarity of the lake water <hl>. In order to preserve the lake's clarity, construction in the Tahoe basin is currently regulated by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency.", "sentence_answer": "The development around Lake Tahoe affected the <hl> clarity of the lake water <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6778e22b22cd4dfcfbfcc4"}
-{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedb7"}
-{"question": "What method is widely used in bronze and other metals ?", "paragraph": "Various modelling techniques are used, such repouss\u00e9 (\"pushed-back\") in metalwork, where a thin metal plate is shaped from behind using various metal or wood punches, producing a relief image. Casting has also been widely used in bronze and other metals. Casting and repouss\u00e9 are often used in concert in to speed up production and add greater detail to the final relief. In stone, as well as engraved gems, larger hardstone carvings in semi-precious stones have been highly prestigious since ancient times in many Eurasian cultures. Reliefs in wax were produced at least from the Renaissance.", "answer": "Casting", "sentence": "Casting has also been widely used in bronze and other metals.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various modelling techniques are used, such repouss\u00e9 (\"pushed-back\") in metalwork, where a thin metal plate is shaped from behind using various metal or wood punches, producing a relief image. <hl> Casting has also been widely used in bronze and other metals. <hl> Casting and repouss\u00e9 are often used in concert in to speed up production and add greater detail to the final relief. In stone, as well as engraved gems, larger hardstone carvings in semi-precious stones have been highly prestigious since ancient times in many Eurasian cultures. Reliefs in wax were produced at least from the Renaissance.", "paragraph_answer": "Various modelling techniques are used, such repouss\u00e9 (\"pushed-back\") in metalwork, where a thin metal plate is shaped from behind using various metal or wood punches, producing a relief image. <hl> Casting <hl> has also been widely used in bronze and other metals. Casting and repouss\u00e9 are often used in concert in to speed up production and add greater detail to the final relief. In stone, as well as engraved gems, larger hardstone carvings in semi-precious stones have been highly prestigious since ancient times in many Eurasian cultures. Reliefs in wax were produced at least from the Renaissance.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Casting <hl> has also been widely used in bronze and other metals.", "paragraph_id": "5d6821192b22cd4dfcfc05db"}
-{"question": "Who argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge?", "paragraph": "Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. He asks why postmodernist intellectuals do not respond like people in other fields when asked, \"what are the principles of their theories, on what evidence are they based, what do they explain that wasn't already obvious, etc.?...If [these requests] can't be met, then I'd suggest recourse to Hume's advice in similar circumstances: 'to the flames'.\"", "answer": "Noam Chomsky", "sentence": "For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge.", "paragraph_sentence": "Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. <hl> For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. <hl> He asks why postmodernist intellectuals do not respond like people in other fields when asked, \"what are the principles of their theories, on what evidence are they based, what do they explain that wasn't already obvious, etc.?... If [these requests] can't be met, then I'd suggest recourse to Hume's advice in similar circumstances: 'to the flames'.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. For example, <hl> Noam Chomsky <hl> has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. He asks why postmodernist intellectuals do not respond like people in other fields when asked, \"what are the principles of their theories, on what evidence are they based, what do they explain that wasn't already obvious, etc.?...If [these requests] can't be met, then I'd suggest recourse to Hume's advice in similar circumstances: 'to the flames'.\"", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> Noam Chomsky <hl> has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge.", "paragraph_id": "5d67cf132b22cd4dfcfc027b"}
-{"question": "All natural languages contain what?", "paragraph": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "answer": "All natural languages contain ambiguities", "sentence": "All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "paragraph_sentence": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. <hl> All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. <hl> All natural languages contain ambiguities <hl> of one sort or another.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> All natural languages contain ambiguities <hl> of one sort or another.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3862b22cd4dfcfbd3c0"}
-{"question": "linoleic acid is a type of what fatty acid?", "paragraph": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "answer": "omega-6", "sentence": "Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. <hl> Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. <hl> Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an <hl> omega-6 <hl> fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "sentence_answer": "Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an <hl> omega-6 <hl> fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet.", "paragraph_id": "5d6805cf2b22cd4dfcfc0513"}
-{"question": "Are liberals critical of debts and budget deficits?", "paragraph": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "answer": "Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt", "sentence": "Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive.", "paragraph_sentence": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. <hl> Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. <hl> During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "paragraph_answer": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. <hl> Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt <hl> and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt <hl> and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb232b22cd4dfcfbe8d7"}
-{"question": "Where was western boundary of Connecticut marked?", "paragraph": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "answer": "Greenwich Bay", "sentence": "According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km).", "paragraph_sentence": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. <hl> According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). <hl> \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_answer": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from <hl> Greenwich Bay <hl> for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from <hl> Greenwich Bay <hl> for a distance of 20 miles (32 km).", "paragraph_id": "5d6783222b22cd4dfcfbfdd2"}
-{"question": "What program made most black voters switch to the Democratic Party in the 1930's?", "paragraph": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "answer": "New Deal", "sentence": "Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. <hl> Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. <hl> Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the <hl> New Deal <hl> of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "sentence_answer": "Until the <hl> New Deal <hl> of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715672b22cd4dfcfbee84"}
-{"question": "How many individuals played on each team in the first organized indoor game of hockey?", "paragraph": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "answer": "nine", "sentence": "On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine -player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students.", "paragraph_sentence": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. <hl> On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine -player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. <hl> Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "paragraph_answer": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two <hl> nine <hl>-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "sentence_answer": "On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two <hl> nine <hl> -player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e17c2b22cd4dfcfbd0c7"}
-{"question": "What military organization uses the acronym COMCRUDESPAC?", "paragraph": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "answer": "U.S. Navy", "sentence": "The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy , is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. <hl> The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy , is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". <hl> \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the <hl> U.S. Navy <hl>, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "sentence_answer": "The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the <hl> U.S. Navy <hl> , is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657a022b22cd4dfcfbc951"}
-{"question": "What kind of institutions does the Life Science center have located nearby?", "paragraph": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "answer": "academic, medical, and research institutions", "sentence": "By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions .", "paragraph_sentence": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. <hl> By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions . <hl> The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "paragraph_answer": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby <hl> academic, medical, and research institutions <hl>. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "sentence_answer": "By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby <hl> academic, medical, and research institutions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d68485e2b22cd4dfcfc06be"}
-{"question": "What is the next set of courses student's are allowed to register for after bachelor courses?", "paragraph": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology.  The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "answer": "'master in medicine' courses", "sentence": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses , which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses , which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. <hl> In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "paragraph_answer": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the <hl> 'master in medicine' courses <hl>, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "sentence_answer": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the <hl> 'master in medicine' courses <hl> , which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study.", "paragraph_id": "5d66503b2b22cd4dfcfbdc16"}
-{"question": "Which form of Latin uses fui and fueram?", "paragraph": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "answer": "Medieval Latin", "sentence": "Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead.", "paragraph_sentence": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. <hl> Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. <hl> Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "paragraph_answer": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. <hl> Medieval Latin <hl> might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Medieval Latin <hl> might use fui and fueram instead.", "paragraph_id": "5d6617ed2b22cd4dfcfbd843"}
-{"question": "why were they short lived?", "paragraph": "The Partisans gained an effective air force in May 1942, when the pilots of two aircraft belonging to the Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia (French-designed and Yugoslav-built Potez 25, and Breguet 19 biplanes, themselves formerly of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force), Franjo Kluz and Rudi \u010cajavec, defected to the Partisans in Bosnia. Later, these pilots used their aircraft against Axis forces in limited operations. Although short-lived due to a lack of infrastructure, this was the first instance of a resistance movement having its own air force. Later, the air force would be re-established and destroyed several times until its permanent institution. The Partisans later established a permanent air force by obtaining aircraft, equipment, and training from captured Axis aircraft, the British Royal Air Force (see BAF), and later the Soviet Air Force.[citation needed]", "answer": "lack of infrastructure", "sentence": "Although short-lived due to a lack of infrastructure , this was the first instance of a resistance movement having its own air force.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans gained an effective air force in May 1942, when the pilots of two aircraft belonging to the Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia (French-designed and Yugoslav-built Potez 25, and Breguet 19 biplanes, themselves formerly of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force), Franjo Kluz and Rudi \u010cajavec, defected to the Partisans in Bosnia. Later, these pilots used their aircraft against Axis forces in limited operations. <hl> Although short-lived due to a lack of infrastructure , this was the first instance of a resistance movement having its own air force. <hl> Later, the air force would be re-established and destroyed several times until its permanent institution. The Partisans later established a permanent air force by obtaining aircraft, equipment, and training from captured Axis aircraft, the British Royal Air Force (see BAF), and later the Soviet Air Force.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans gained an effective air force in May 1942, when the pilots of two aircraft belonging to the Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia (French-designed and Yugoslav-built Potez 25, and Breguet 19 biplanes, themselves formerly of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force), Franjo Kluz and Rudi \u010cajavec, defected to the Partisans in Bosnia. Later, these pilots used their aircraft against Axis forces in limited operations. Although short-lived due to a <hl> lack of infrastructure <hl>, this was the first instance of a resistance movement having its own air force. Later, the air force would be re-established and destroyed several times until its permanent institution. The Partisans later established a permanent air force by obtaining aircraft, equipment, and training from captured Axis aircraft, the British Royal Air Force (see BAF), and later the Soviet Air Force.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Although short-lived due to a <hl> lack of infrastructure <hl> , this was the first instance of a resistance movement having its own air force.", "paragraph_id": "5d680e202b22cd4dfcfc053f"}
-{"question": "Who were Plautus and Terence?", "paragraph": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "answer": "comic playwrights", "sentence": "Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. <hl> Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. <hl> Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "paragraph_answer": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of <hl> comic playwrights <hl> like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "sentence_answer": "Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of <hl> comic playwrights <hl> like Plautus and Terence.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f6e2b22cd4dfcfbd96f"}
-{"question": "Who was the final Ottoman sultan?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "answer": "Mehmed VI", "sentence": "The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. <hl> The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, <hl> Mehmed VI <hl>, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "sentence_answer": "The final Ottoman sultan, <hl> Mehmed VI <hl> , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c88e2b22cd4dfcfbcd2f"}
-{"question": "What portion is the Alava surname characterized by?", "paragraph": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "answer": "patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language)", "sentence": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. <hl> While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a <hl> patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) <hl> or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "sentence_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a <hl> patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) <hl> or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava.", "paragraph_id": "5d671aba2b22cd4dfcfbef54"}
-{"question": "Directions on how to handle illegal immigration are what among Republicans?", "paragraph": "Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists). In 2006, the White House supported and Republican-led Senate passed comprehensive immigration reform that would eventually allow millions of illegal immigrants to become citizens, but the House, also led by Republicans, did not advance the bill.", "answer": "divided", "sentence": "Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists). <hl> In 2006, the White House supported and Republican-led Senate passed comprehensive immigration reform that would eventually allow millions of illegal immigrants to become citizens, but the House, also led by Republicans, did not advance the bill.", "paragraph_answer": "Republicans are <hl> divided <hl> on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists). In 2006, the White House supported and Republican-led Senate passed comprehensive immigration reform that would eventually allow millions of illegal immigrants to become citizens, but the House, also led by Republicans, did not advance the bill.", "sentence_answer": "Republicans are <hl> divided <hl> on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists).", "paragraph_id": "5d67453c2b22cd4dfcfbf494"}
-{"question": "The highly toxic organotin compounds have been used as what?", "paragraph": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "answer": "biocides", "sentence": "Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides .", "paragraph_sentence": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. <hl> Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides . <hl> The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "paragraph_answer": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as <hl> biocides <hl>. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "sentence_answer": "Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as <hl> biocides <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676bef2b22cd4dfcfbfaeb"}
-{"question": "How much did the labor force increase between October 2009 and September 2014?", "paragraph": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "answer": "2 million", "sentence": "The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million.", "paragraph_sentence": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. <hl> The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. <hl> However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "paragraph_answer": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about <hl> 2 million <hl> and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "sentence_answer": "The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about <hl> 2 million <hl> and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million.", "paragraph_id": "5d674bb32b22cd4dfcfbf563"}
-{"question": "If a function is presented as a picture, what would it be called?", "paragraph": "Functions of various kinds are \"the central objects of investigation\" in most fields of modern mathematics. There are many ways to describe or represent a function. Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input. Others are given by a picture, called the graph of the function. In science, functions are sometimes defined by a table that gives the outputs for selected inputs. A function could be described implicitly, for example as the inverse to another function or as a solution of a differential equation.", "answer": "the graph of the function", "sentence": "Others are given by a picture, called the graph of the function .", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions of various kinds are \"the central objects of investigation\" in most fields of modern mathematics. There are many ways to describe or represent a function. Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input. <hl> Others are given by a picture, called the graph of the function . <hl> In science, functions are sometimes defined by a table that gives the outputs for selected inputs. A function could be described implicitly, for example as the inverse to another function or as a solution of a differential equation.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions of various kinds are \"the central objects of investigation\" in most fields of modern mathematics. There are many ways to describe or represent a function. Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input. Others are given by a picture, called <hl> the graph of the function <hl>. In science, functions are sometimes defined by a table that gives the outputs for selected inputs. A function could be described implicitly, for example as the inverse to another function or as a solution of a differential equation.", "sentence_answer": "Others are given by a picture, called <hl> the graph of the function <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6683662b22cd4dfcfbe15f"}
-{"question": "How long of a period is featured in the documentary?", "paragraph": "Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, have produced many successful bands and musicians. The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School, though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins,  Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. These and many other bands from over 30 years of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "answer": "30 years", "sentence": "These and many other bands from over 30 years of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, have produced many successful bands and musicians. The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School, though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins, Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. <hl> These and many other bands from over 30 years of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, have produced many successful bands and musicians. The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School, though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins, Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. These and many other bands from over <hl> 30 years <hl> of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "sentence_answer": "These and many other bands from over <hl> 30 years <hl> of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "paragraph_id": "5d673aca2b22cd4dfcfbf324"}
-{"question": "When did Connecticut give up the Western Reserve?", "paragraph": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "answer": "Northwest Territory", "sentence": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory . <hl> Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the <hl> Northwest Territory <hl>. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "sentence_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the <hl> Northwest Territory <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6782f22b22cd4dfcfbfdc1"}
-{"question": "What were computers main input?", "paragraph": "In many early computers, the program instructions were entered into memory from a punched paper tape. Each subroutine could then be provided by a separate piece of tape, loaded or spliced before or after the main program; and the same subroutine tape could then be used by many different programs. A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through punched cards. The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use.", "answer": "punched cards", "sentence": "A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through punched cards .", "paragraph_sentence": "In many early computers, the program instructions were entered into memory from a punched paper tape. Each subroutine could then be provided by a separate piece of tape, loaded or spliced before or after the main program; and the same subroutine tape could then be used by many different programs. <hl> A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through punched cards . <hl> The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use.", "paragraph_answer": "In many early computers, the program instructions were entered into memory from a punched paper tape. Each subroutine could then be provided by a separate piece of tape, loaded or spliced before or after the main program; and the same subroutine tape could then be used by many different programs. A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through <hl> punched cards <hl>. The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use.", "sentence_answer": "A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through <hl> punched cards <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674d892b22cd4dfcfbf5b8"}
-{"question": "What act paved the way for service providers for years to come?", "paragraph": "The McKinney-Vento Act paved the way for service providers in the coming years. During the 1990s homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation. However, despite these efforts and the dramatic economic growth marked by this decade, homeless numbers remained stubbornly high. It became increasingly apparent that simply providing services to alleviate the symptoms of homelessness (i.e. shelter beds, hot meals, psychiatric counseling, etc.), although needed, were not successful at solving the root causes of homelessness.", "answer": "McKinney-Vento Act", "sentence": "The McKinney-Vento Act paved the way for service providers in the coming years.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The McKinney-Vento Act paved the way for service providers in the coming years. <hl> During the 1990s homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation. However, despite these efforts and the dramatic economic growth marked by this decade, homeless numbers remained stubbornly high. It became increasingly apparent that simply providing services to alleviate the symptoms of homelessness (i.e. shelter beds, hot meals, psychiatric counseling, etc.), although needed, were not successful at solving the root causes of homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> McKinney-Vento Act <hl> paved the way for service providers in the coming years. During the 1990s homeless shelters, soup kitchens, and other supportive services sprouted up in cities and towns across the nation. However, despite these efforts and the dramatic economic growth marked by this decade, homeless numbers remained stubbornly high. It became increasingly apparent that simply providing services to alleviate the symptoms of homelessness (i.e. shelter beds, hot meals, psychiatric counseling, etc.), although needed, were not successful at solving the root causes of homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> McKinney-Vento Act <hl> paved the way for service providers in the coming years.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604552b22cd4dfcfbd5a4"}
-{"question": "What branch of government does the Connecticut Supreme Court oversee?", "paragraph": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "answer": "judicial", "sentence": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. <hl> The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "paragraph_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's <hl> judicial <hl> branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "sentence_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's <hl> judicial <hl> branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e58c2b22cd4dfcfbd19a"}
-{"question": "The RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against which country?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Germany", "sentence": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. <hl> Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. <hl> However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815e02b22cd4dfcfc0589"}
-{"question": "Who's visit to China and developed new relations with them in 1972?", "paragraph": "Developments of Marxism\u2013Leninism and communist revolution occurred in Asia in this period. The People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong developed its own unique brand of Marxism\u2013Leninism known as Maoism. Tensions erupted between the PRC and the Soviet Union over a number of issues, including border disputes, resulting in the Sino-Soviet split in the 1960s. After the split, the PRC eventually pursued d\u00e9tente with the United States as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. This was inaugurated with the visit of US President Richard Nixon to the PRC in 1972 and the US supporting the PRC replacing the Republic of China as the representative of China at the United Nations and taking its seat at the UN Security Council. The death of Mao eventually saw the Deng Xiaoping politically outmaneuver Mao's chosen successor to power in the People's Republic of China. Deng made controversial economic reforms to the PRC's economy involving effective economic liberalisation under the policy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. His reforms helped to gradually transform the PRC into one of the world's fastest growing economies.", "answer": "Richard Nixon", "sentence": "This was inaugurated with the visit of US President Richard Nixon to the PRC in 1972 and the US supporting the PRC replacing the Republic of China as the representative of China at the United Nations and taking its seat at the UN Security Council.", "paragraph_sentence": "Developments of Marxism\u2013Leninism and communist revolution occurred in Asia in this period. The People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong developed its own unique brand of Marxism\u2013Leninism known as Maoism. Tensions erupted between the PRC and the Soviet Union over a number of issues, including border disputes, resulting in the Sino-Soviet split in the 1960s. After the split, the PRC eventually pursued d\u00e9tente with the United States as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. <hl> This was inaugurated with the visit of US President Richard Nixon to the PRC in 1972 and the US supporting the PRC replacing the Republic of China as the representative of China at the United Nations and taking its seat at the UN Security Council. <hl> The death of Mao eventually saw the Deng Xiaoping politically outmaneuver Mao's chosen successor to power in the People's Republic of China. Deng made controversial economic reforms to the PRC's economy involving effective economic liberalisation under the policy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. His reforms helped to gradually transform the PRC into one of the world's fastest growing economies.", "paragraph_answer": "Developments of Marxism\u2013Leninism and communist revolution occurred in Asia in this period. The People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong developed its own unique brand of Marxism\u2013Leninism known as Maoism. Tensions erupted between the PRC and the Soviet Union over a number of issues, including border disputes, resulting in the Sino-Soviet split in the 1960s. After the split, the PRC eventually pursued d\u00e9tente with the United States as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. This was inaugurated with the visit of US President <hl> Richard Nixon <hl> to the PRC in 1972 and the US supporting the PRC replacing the Republic of China as the representative of China at the United Nations and taking its seat at the UN Security Council. The death of Mao eventually saw the Deng Xiaoping politically outmaneuver Mao's chosen successor to power in the People's Republic of China. Deng made controversial economic reforms to the PRC's economy involving effective economic liberalisation under the policy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. His reforms helped to gradually transform the PRC into one of the world's fastest growing economies.", "sentence_answer": "This was inaugurated with the visit of US President <hl> Richard Nixon <hl> to the PRC in 1972 and the US supporting the PRC replacing the Republic of China as the representative of China at the United Nations and taking its seat at the UN Security Council.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc732b22cd4dfcfbe913"}
-{"question": "How frequent were advances in buildings?", "paragraph": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "answer": "seldom", "sentence": "Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. <hl> Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. <hl> Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. Knowledge was retained by guilds and <hl> seldom <hl> supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "sentence_answer": "Knowledge was retained by guilds and <hl> seldom <hl> supplanted by advances.", "paragraph_id": "5d67601b2b22cd4dfcfbf929"}
-{"question": "When was the October Revolution?", "paragraph": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "answer": "1917", "sentence": "By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party.", "paragraph_sentence": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. <hl> By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. <hl> Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of <hl> 1917 <hl> remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "sentence_answer": "By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of <hl> 1917 <hl> remained in the Party.", "paragraph_id": "5d6722e32b22cd4dfcfbf029"}
-{"question": "In what year did the Moors conquer Spain?", "paragraph": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "answer": "711", "sentence": "It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. <hl> It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. <hl> The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in <hl> 711 <hl> cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "sentence_answer": "It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in <hl> 711 <hl> cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611a52b22cd4dfcfbd79b"}
-{"question": "On average, how many thunderstorms does Connecticut receive annually?", "paragraph": "Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with average highs in New London of 81 \u00b0F (27 \u00b0C) and 87 \u00b0F (31 \u00b0C) in Windsor Locks. Although summers are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average 30 times annually. These storms can be severe, and the state usually averages one tornado per year. During hurricane season, tropical cyclones occasionally affect the region. Fall months are mild and bring colorful foliage across northern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in October and November.", "answer": "30", "sentence": "Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average 30 times annually.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with average highs in New London of 81 \u00b0F (27 \u00b0C) and 87 \u00b0F (31 \u00b0C) in Windsor Locks. Although summers are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. <hl> Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average 30 times annually. <hl> These storms can be severe, and the state usually averages one tornado per year. During hurricane season, tropical cyclones occasionally affect the region. Fall months are mild and bring colorful foliage across northern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in October and November.", "paragraph_answer": "Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with average highs in New London of 81 \u00b0F (27 \u00b0C) and 87 \u00b0F (31 \u00b0C) in Windsor Locks. Although summers are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average <hl> 30 <hl> times annually. These storms can be severe, and the state usually averages one tornado per year. During hurricane season, tropical cyclones occasionally affect the region. Fall months are mild and bring colorful foliage across northern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in October and November.", "sentence_answer": "Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average <hl> 30 <hl> times annually.", "paragraph_id": "5d66752b2b22cd4dfcfbdfcf"}
-{"question": "What were the hallmarks that offered saxophones creative possibilities in the new realm", "paragraph": "Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s.  Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz again removed boundaries and the new space was explored with every device that saxophone players could conceive of.  Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm.  One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement has been the exploration of non-western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the Africanized sounds used by Pharoah Sanders.  The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.", "answer": "Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics", "sentence": " Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm.", "paragraph_sentence": "Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz again removed boundaries and the new space was explored with every device that saxophone players could conceive of. <hl> Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm. <hl> One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement has been the exploration of non-western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the Africanized sounds used by Pharoah Sanders. The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.", "paragraph_answer": "Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz again removed boundaries and the new space was explored with every device that saxophone players could conceive of. <hl> Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics <hl> were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm. One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement has been the exploration of non-western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the Africanized sounds used by Pharoah Sanders. The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics <hl> were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b782b22cd4dfcfbf831"}
-{"question": "How much did a bushel of wheat cost in 1770?", "paragraph": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "answer": "twice as much as it did in 1720", "sentence": "By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. <hl> By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720 . <hl> Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost <hl> twice as much as it did in 1720 <hl>. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "sentence_answer": "By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost <hl> twice as much as it did in 1720 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6609292b22cd4dfcfbd66c"}
-{"question": "What types of companies were the most commonplace in the insurance industry prior to the 1950s?", "paragraph": "Insurance and the insurance industry has grown, diversified and developed significantly ever since.  Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s.  From an industry dominated by small, local, single-line mutual companies and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "answer": "small, local, single-line mutual companies", "sentence": " From an industry dominated by small, local, single-line mutual companies and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "paragraph_sentence": "Insurance and the insurance industry has grown, diversified and developed significantly ever since. Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s. <hl> From an industry dominated by small, local, single-line mutual companies and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance and the insurance industry has grown, diversified and developed significantly ever since. Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s. From an industry dominated by <hl> small, local, single-line mutual companies <hl> and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "sentence_answer": " From an industry dominated by <hl> small, local, single-line mutual companies <hl> and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1b42b22cd4dfcfbd37d"}
-{"question": "What leader first created guidelines on when the flag should be flown at half-staff?", "paragraph": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "answer": "President Dwight D. Eisenhower", "sentence": "President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. <hl> President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. <hl> However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. <hl> President Dwight D. Eisenhower <hl> issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> President Dwight D. Eisenhower <hl> issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5712b22cd4dfcfbcc8a"}
-{"question": "Latin influence in what language was significant?", "paragraph": "Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words. These were dubbed \"inkhorn terms\", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten. Some useful ones, though, survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French.", "answer": "Old French", "sentence": "Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French .", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words. These were dubbed \"inkhorn terms\", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten. Some useful ones, though, survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. <hl> Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words. These were dubbed \"inkhorn terms\", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten. Some useful ones, though, survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of <hl> Old French <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of <hl> Old French <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6625912b22cd4dfcfbd9fc"}
-{"question": "Texas v. White held that political states don't have which right?", "paragraph": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or through consent of the States.\"", "answer": "through revolution", "sentence": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \" through revolution , or through consent of the States.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \" through revolution , or through consent of the States.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"<hl> through revolution <hl>, or through consent of the States.\"", "sentence_answer": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \" <hl> through revolution <hl> , or through consent of the States.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5ba2b22cd4dfcfbe7ba"}
-{"question": "what does first order logic uses quantified variables over", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "(non-logical) objects", "sentence": "First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects .", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. <hl> First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects . <hl> It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over <hl> (non-logical) objects <hl>. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "sentence_answer": "First-order logic uses quantified variables over <hl> (non-logical) objects <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6618df2b22cd4dfcfbd874"}
-{"question": "Which country's territory is dealt with in Article IV, Section 3?", "paragraph": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States:", "answer": "United States", "sentence": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States :", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States : <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the <hl> United States <hl>:", "sentence_answer": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the <hl> United States <hl> :", "paragraph_id": "5d675c0f2b22cd4dfcfbf869"}
-{"question": "Were there clear winners in the election in Western Australia?", "paragraph": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election.  However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "answer": "most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount", "sentence": " However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount .", "paragraph_sentence": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. <hl> However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount . <hl> After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "paragraph_answer": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, <hl> most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount <hl>. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "sentence_answer": " However, <hl> most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef8d2b22cd4dfcfbd314"}
-{"question": "Types of Old English elements may be found in the second part of what kind of names?", "paragraph": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "answer": "habitational", "sentence": "Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names.", "paragraph_sentence": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. <hl> Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. <hl> The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "paragraph_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of <hl> habitational <hl> names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "sentence_answer": "Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of <hl> habitational <hl> names.", "paragraph_id": "5d6739a42b22cd4dfcfbf302"}
-{"question": "Where was the floating molten glass held while producing the window glass?", "paragraph": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "answer": "on top of molten tin", "sentence": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. <hl> This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "paragraph_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass <hl> on top of molten tin <hl> (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "sentence_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass <hl> on top of molten tin <hl> (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c0dc2b22cd4dfcfc0167"}
-{"question": "This first structure that needed engineering was what?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "answer": "the step pyramid", "sentence": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. <hl> Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when <hl> the step pyramid <hl> for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "sentence_answer": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when <hl> the step pyramid <hl> for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6b2b22cd4dfcfbf8cb"}
-{"question": "Do Omega-3 fatty acids have an effect?", "paragraph": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "answer": "does not appear to have an effect", "sentence": "Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect .", "paragraph_sentence": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. <hl> Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) <hl> does not appear to have an effect <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) <hl> does not appear to have an effect <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c14e2b22cd4dfcfbcb89"}
-{"question": "How many sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa between 1600 and 1800?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents of the \"Old World\" (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and those of the \"New World\" (North America and South America). For centuries, tidal currents had made ocean travel particularly difficult and risky for the ships that were then available, and as such there had been very little, if any, naval contact between the peoples living in these continents. In the 15th century, however, new European developments in seafaring technologies meant that ships were better equipped to deal with the problem of tidal currents, and could begin traversing the Atlantic Ocean. Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. In doing so, they came into contact with societies living along the west African coast and in the Americas which they had never previously encountered. Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "answer": "approximately 300,000", "sentence": "Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents of the \"Old World\" (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and those of the \"New World\" (North America and South America). For centuries, tidal currents had made ocean travel particularly difficult and risky for the ships that were then available, and as such there had been very little, if any, naval contact between the peoples living in these continents. In the 15th century, however, new European developments in seafaring technologies meant that ships were better equipped to deal with the problem of tidal currents, and could begin traversing the Atlantic Ocean. <hl> Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. <hl> In doing so, they came into contact with societies living along the west African coast and in the Americas which they had never previously encountered. Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents of the \"Old World\" (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and those of the \"New World\" (North America and South America). For centuries, tidal currents had made ocean travel particularly difficult and risky for the ships that were then available, and as such there had been very little, if any, naval contact between the peoples living in these continents. In the 15th century, however, new European developments in seafaring technologies meant that ships were better equipped to deal with the problem of tidal currents, and could begin traversing the Atlantic Ocean. Between 1600 and 1800, <hl> approximately 300,000 <hl> sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. In doing so, they came into contact with societies living along the west African coast and in the Americas which they had never previously encountered. Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation \"disenclavement\", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others.", "sentence_answer": "Between 1600 and 1800, <hl> approximately 300,000 <hl> sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa.", "paragraph_id": "5d659a872b22cd4dfcfbca88"}
-{"question": "The combination of breakbeats is generally perceived of by DJs as what?", "paragraph": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \"drop\". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and \"breakdown\". Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will \"rewind\" or \"reload\" or \"lift up\" by spinning the record back and restarting it at the build. \"The drop\" is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drumbreaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging the crowd to dance.", "answer": "a more difficult exercise", "sentence": "Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise .", "paragraph_sentence": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \"drop\". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and \"breakdown\". <hl> Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise . <hl> Some drops are so popular that the DJ will \"rewind\" or \"reload\" or \"lift up\" by spinning the record back and restarting it at the build. \"The drop\" is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drumbreaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging the crowd to dance.", "paragraph_answer": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \"drop\". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and \"breakdown\". Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, <hl> a more difficult exercise <hl>. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will \"rewind\" or \"reload\" or \"lift up\" by spinning the record back and restarting it at the build. \"The drop\" is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drumbreaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging the crowd to dance.", "sentence_answer": "Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, <hl> a more difficult exercise <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ffc52b22cd4dfcfbd54b"}
-{"question": "What were the initial significant improvements made after 1866 to the Saxophone?", "paragraph": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "answer": "extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range", "sentence": "The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. <hl> The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. <hl> It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "paragraph_answer": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who <hl> extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range <hl> downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "sentence_answer": "The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who <hl> extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range <hl> downwards by one semitone to B\u266d.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750ac2b22cd4dfcfbf694"}
-{"question": "What would be the legal name of a married woman drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname?", "paragraph": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "answer": "her birth name", "sentence": "In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). <hl> In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name . <hl> This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be <hl> her birth name <hl>. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "sentence_answer": "In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be <hl> her birth name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67301d2b22cd4dfcfbf209"}
-{"question": "Which areas are typically frozen?", "paragraph": "The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. Severe winters can lead to ice formation around southern Sweden and even in the Danish straits. According to the 18th-century natural historian William Derham, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga. This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice.", "answer": "the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga", "sentence": "Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga .", "paragraph_sentence": "The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. Severe winters can lead to ice formation around southern Sweden and even in the Danish straits. According to the 18th-century natural historian William Derham, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. <hl> Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga . <hl> This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice.", "paragraph_answer": "The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. Severe winters can lead to ice formation around southern Sweden and even in the Danish straits. According to the 18th-century natural historian William Derham, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. Frequently, parts of <hl> the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga <hl>. This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice.", "sentence_answer": "Frequently, parts of <hl> the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6619352b22cd4dfcfbd892"}
-{"question": "What did Kennedy's report reveal?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life,", "sentence": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. <hl> Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed94"}
-{"question": "What was the type of Bass and Drum known in mainstream UK?", "paragraph": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass.  Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's.  Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty.  Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal.  A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "answer": "clean and formal", "sentence": " Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. <hl> Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal . <hl> A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "paragraph_answer": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was <hl> clean and formal <hl>. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "sentence_answer": " Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was <hl> clean and formal <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65daa62b22cd4dfcfbcf2f"}
-{"question": "What is an advantage of having multiple threads?", "paragraph": "If a subprogram can function properly even when called while another execution is already in progress, that subprogram is said to be reentrant. A recursive subprogram must be reentrant. Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other. In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive, but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "answer": "call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other", "sentence": "Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other .", "paragraph_sentence": "If a subprogram can function properly even when called while another execution is already in progress, that subprogram is said to be reentrant. A recursive subprogram must be reentrant. <hl> Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other . <hl> In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive, but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "paragraph_answer": "If a subprogram can function properly even when called while another execution is already in progress, that subprogram is said to be reentrant. A recursive subprogram must be reentrant. Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can <hl> call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other <hl>. In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive, but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "sentence_answer": "Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can <hl> call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675c982b22cd4dfcfbf880"}
-{"question": "ZAVNOH was associated with what country?", "paragraph": "Croatian Partisans were integral to overall Yugoslav Partisans; by the end of 1943 Croatia proper, with 24% of the Yugoslav population, provided more Partisans than Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Macedonia combined which collectively accounted for 59% of the Yugoslav population. Croat partisans were unique in having the highest numbers of local Jews in their ranks of any other European resistance,[citation needed] and in early 1943 they took steps to establish ZAVNOH (National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Croatia) to act as a parliamentary body for all of Croatia \u2013 the only one of its kind in occupied Europe. ZAVNOH held three plenary sessions during the War in areas which remained surrounded by Axis troops. At its fourth and last session, held on 24\u201325 July 1945 in Zagreb, ZAVNOH proclaimed itself as the Croatian Parliament or Sabor.", "answer": "Croatian", "sentence": "Croatian Partisans were integral to overall Yugoslav Partisans; by the end of 1943 Croatia proper, with 24% of the Yugoslav population, provided more Partisans than Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Macedonia combined which collectively accounted for 59% of the Yugoslav population.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Croatian Partisans were integral to overall Yugoslav Partisans; by the end of 1943 Croatia proper, with 24% of the Yugoslav population, provided more Partisans than Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Macedonia combined which collectively accounted for 59% of the Yugoslav population. <hl> Croat partisans were unique in having the highest numbers of local Jews in their ranks of any other European resistance,[citation needed] and in early 1943 they took steps to establish ZAVNOH (National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Croatia) to act as a parliamentary body for all of Croatia \u2013 the only one of its kind in occupied Europe. ZAVNOH held three plenary sessions during the War in areas which remained surrounded by Axis troops. At its fourth and last session, held on 24\u201325 July 1945 in Zagreb, ZAVNOH proclaimed itself as the Croatian Parliament or Sabor.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Croatian <hl> Partisans were integral to overall Yugoslav Partisans; by the end of 1943 Croatia proper, with 24% of the Yugoslav population, provided more Partisans than Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Macedonia combined which collectively accounted for 59% of the Yugoslav population. Croat partisans were unique in having the highest numbers of local Jews in their ranks of any other European resistance,[citation needed] and in early 1943 they took steps to establish ZAVNOH (National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Croatia) to act as a parliamentary body for all of Croatia \u2013 the only one of its kind in occupied Europe. ZAVNOH held three plenary sessions during the War in areas which remained surrounded by Axis troops. At its fourth and last session, held on 24\u201325 July 1945 in Zagreb, ZAVNOH proclaimed itself as the Croatian Parliament or Sabor.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Croatian <hl> Partisans were integral to overall Yugoslav Partisans; by the end of 1943 Croatia proper, with 24% of the Yugoslav population, provided more Partisans than Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia and Macedonia combined which collectively accounted for 59% of the Yugoslav population.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd262b22cd4dfcfbe952"}
-{"question": "What  superpower was involved in the Cuban Missile Crises with the United States?", "paragraph": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "sentence": "In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union .", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. <hl> In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union . <hl> American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to <hl> the Soviet Union <hl>. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "sentence_answer": "In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to <hl> the Soviet Union <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66facc2b22cd4dfcfbe8cb"}
-{"question": "Blacks moved into which party in the New Deal era?", "paragraph": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "answer": "Democratic Party", "sentence": "Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. <hl> Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. <hl> After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the <hl> Democratic Party <hl> during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "sentence_answer": "Blacks moved into the <hl> Democratic Party <hl> during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d9c2b22cd4dfcfbf3b9"}
-{"question": "What type of impact often happens to the environment when jobs are created?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "adverse", "sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. <hl> Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, <hl> adverse <hl> environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, <hl> adverse <hl> environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec86"}
-{"question": "Daniel Zohary highlighted the importance of what?", "paragraph": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary, who highlighted importance of the three cereals, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later. Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. Gordon Hillman and Stuart Davies carried out experiments with wild wheat varieties to show that the process of domestication would have happened over a relatively short period of between twenty and two hundred years. Some of these pioneering attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later: rye, tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia, made its way to Europe as weed seeds and was successfully domesticated in Europe, thousands of years after the earliest agriculture. Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. This process of domestication allowed the founder crops to adapt and eventually become larger, more easily harvested, more dependable in storage and more useful to the human population", "answer": "the three cereals", "sentence": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary, who highlighted importance of the three cereals , and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary, who highlighted importance of the three cereals , and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later. <hl> Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. Gordon Hillman and Stuart Davies carried out experiments with wild wheat varieties to show that the process of domestication would have happened over a relatively short period of between twenty and two hundred years. Some of these pioneering attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later: rye, tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia, made its way to Europe as weed seeds and was successfully domesticated in Europe, thousands of years after the earliest agriculture. Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. This process of domestication allowed the founder crops to adapt and eventually become larger, more easily harvested, more dependable in storage and more useful to the human population", "paragraph_answer": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary, who highlighted importance of <hl> the three cereals <hl>, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later. Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. Gordon Hillman and Stuart Davies carried out experiments with wild wheat varieties to show that the process of domestication would have happened over a relatively short period of between twenty and two hundred years. Some of these pioneering attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later: rye, tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia, made its way to Europe as weed seeds and was successfully domesticated in Europe, thousands of years after the earliest agriculture. Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. This process of domestication allowed the founder crops to adapt and eventually become larger, more easily harvested, more dependable in storage and more useful to the human population", "sentence_answer": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary, who highlighted importance of <hl> the three cereals <hl> , and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee9b2b22cd4dfcfbe5c3"}
-{"question": "When did the formation of the modern Andes begin?", "paragraph": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "answer": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic", "sentence": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. <hl> It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic <hl> when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic <hl> when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6599392b22cd4dfcfbca7c"}
-{"question": "Where is the Town of Stafford?", "paragraph": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "answer": "Tolland County", "sentence": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County ) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County ) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. <hl> The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in <hl> Tolland County <hl>) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "sentence_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in <hl> Tolland County <hl> ) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8772b22cd4dfcfbd222"}
-{"question": "What is ethics also known as?", "paragraph": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "answer": "moral philosophy", "sentence": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ethics (also known as moral philosophy ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. <hl> The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Ethics (also known as <hl> moral philosophy <hl>) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "sentence_answer": "Ethics (also known as <hl> moral philosophy <hl> ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5722b22cd4dfcfc03d2"}
-{"question": "What language does the term acronym derive from?", "paragraph": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "answer": "Greek", "sentence": "(It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\")", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. <hl> (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") <hl> For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the <hl> Greek <hl> words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "sentence_answer": "(It was formed from the <hl> Greek <hl> words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\")", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4c42b22cd4dfcfbcc5e"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the oldest European-built house in the state of New Jersey?", "paragraph": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "answer": "Nothnagle Log House", "sentence": "The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. <hl> The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. <hl> It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The <hl> Nothnagle Log House <hl> in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Nothnagle Log House <hl> in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6642b22cd4dfcfbd1d7"}
-{"question": "A virtual object can be seen when a lens is inserted into a what?", "paragraph": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "answer": "converging beam", "sentence": "This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image.", "paragraph_sentence": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. <hl> This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. <hl> In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "paragraph_answer": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a <hl> converging beam <hl> (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "sentence_answer": "This happens when the lens is inserted into a <hl> converging beam <hl> (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image.", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ef2b22cd4dfcfbfcde"}
-{"question": "When were the missions disbanded?", "paragraph": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The  indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "answer": "1830s", "sentence": "In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios.", "paragraph_sentence": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. <hl> In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. <hl> The indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "paragraph_answer": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the <hl> 1830s <hl> the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "sentence_answer": "In the <hl> 1830s <hl> the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e31a2b22cd4dfcfbd113"}
-{"question": "Which version of Windows started using a permission based file system?", "paragraph": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "answer": "Windows NT 3", "sentence": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. <hl> These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "paragraph_answer": "All Windows versions from <hl> Windows NT 3 <hl> have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "sentence_answer": "All Windows versions from <hl> Windows NT 3 <hl> have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e52b22cd4dfcfbf246"}
-{"question": "In 1340 what did Rotterdam grow into?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "answer": "a major logistic and economic centre", "sentence": "In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. <hl> In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre . <hl> Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into <hl> a major logistic and economic centre <hl>. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "sentence_answer": "In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into <hl> a major logistic and economic centre <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc052b22cd4dfcfbe8f5"}
-{"question": "In what museum was the exhibition Postmodernism - Style and Subversion 1970-1990?", "paragraph": "Recently metamodernism, post-postmodernism and the \"death of postmodernism\" have been widely debated: in 2007 Andrew Hoberek noted in his introduction to a special issue of the journal Twentieth Century Literature titled \"After Postmodernism\" that \"declarations of postmodernism's demise have become a critical commonplace\". A small group of critics has put forth a range of theories that aim to describe culture or society in the alleged aftermath of postmodernism, most notably Raoul Eshelman (performatism), Gilles Lipovetsky (hypermodernity), Nicolas Bourriaud (altermodern), and Alan Kirby (digimodernism, formerly called pseudo-modernism). None of these new theories and labels have so far gained very widespread acceptance. The exhibition Postmodernism - Style and Subversion 1970\u20131990 at the Victoria and Albert Museum (London, 24 September 2011 \u2013 15 January 2012) was billed as the first show to document postmodernism as a historical movement.", "answer": "Victoria and Albert Museum", "sentence": "The exhibition Postmodernism - Style and Subversion 1970\u20131990 at the Victoria and Albert Museum (London, 24 September 2011 \u2013 15 January 2012) was billed as the first show to document postmodernism as a historical movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Recently metamodernism, post-postmodernism and the \"death of postmodernism\" have been widely debated: in 2007 Andrew Hoberek noted in his introduction to a special issue of the journal Twentieth Century Literature titled \"After Postmodernism\" that \"declarations of postmodernism's demise have become a critical commonplace\". A small group of critics has put forth a range of theories that aim to describe culture or society in the alleged aftermath of postmodernism, most notably Raoul Eshelman (performatism), Gilles Lipovetsky (hypermodernity), Nicolas Bourriaud (altermodern), and Alan Kirby (digimodernism, formerly called pseudo-modernism). None of these new theories and labels have so far gained very widespread acceptance. <hl> The exhibition Postmodernism - Style and Subversion 1970\u20131990 at the Victoria and Albert Museum (London, 24 September 2011 \u2013 15 January 2012) was billed as the first show to document postmodernism as a historical movement. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Recently metamodernism, post-postmodernism and the \"death of postmodernism\" have been widely debated: in 2007 Andrew Hoberek noted in his introduction to a special issue of the journal Twentieth Century Literature titled \"After Postmodernism\" that \"declarations of postmodernism's demise have become a critical commonplace\". A small group of critics has put forth a range of theories that aim to describe culture or society in the alleged aftermath of postmodernism, most notably Raoul Eshelman (performatism), Gilles Lipovetsky (hypermodernity), Nicolas Bourriaud (altermodern), and Alan Kirby (digimodernism, formerly called pseudo-modernism). None of these new theories and labels have so far gained very widespread acceptance. The exhibition Postmodernism - Style and Subversion 1970\u20131990 at the <hl> Victoria and Albert Museum <hl> (London, 24 September 2011 \u2013 15 January 2012) was billed as the first show to document postmodernism as a historical movement.", "sentence_answer": "The exhibition Postmodernism - Style and Subversion 1970\u20131990 at the <hl> Victoria and Albert Museum <hl> (London, 24 September 2011 \u2013 15 January 2012) was billed as the first show to document postmodernism as a historical movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d67cd5c2b22cd4dfcfc0256"}
-{"question": "What does decentralization allow for managers?", "paragraph": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "answer": "hands on training", "sentence": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have <hl> hands on training <hl> to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "sentence_answer": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have <hl> hands on training <hl> to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "paragraph_id": "5d660a6b2b22cd4dfcfbd6a4"}
-{"question": "When was Sarajevo tales by Partisans?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "in early April", "sentence": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo <hl> in early April <hl>, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo <hl> in early April <hl> , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb522b22cd4dfcfc00d6"}
-{"question": "What term was used to describe the vision of a decentralized electronic community?", "paragraph": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "answer": "\"electronic frontier\"", "sentence": "This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. <hl> This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. <hl> Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "paragraph_answer": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an <hl> \"electronic frontier\" <hl> which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "sentence_answer": "This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an <hl> \"electronic frontier\" <hl> which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society.", "paragraph_id": "5d65da7f2b22cd4dfcfbcf26"}
-{"question": "What is Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella's paternal surname?", "paragraph": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "Paz y Mi\u00f1o", "sentence": "For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. <hl> For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo <hl> Paz y Mi\u00f1o <hl> Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo <hl> Paz y Mi\u00f1o <hl> Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766b22b22cd4dfcfbf9ef"}
-{"question": "How many times was it ranked best app?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has twice been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor. Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "answer": "twice", "sentence": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has twice been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has twice been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor. <hl> Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has <hl> twice <hl> been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor. Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "sentence_answer": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has <hl> twice <hl> been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a3f2b22cd4dfcfbf526"}
-{"question": "how long was the first african been kidnapped ?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "seven years", "sentence": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years .", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. <hl> These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years . <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after <hl> seven years <hl>. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after <hl> seven years <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d665ff92b22cd4dfcfbdcf1"}
-{"question": "What institute of Columbia University identified one of three major trends associated with decentralization?", "paragraph": "Decentralization is often linked to concepts of participation in decision-making, democracy, equality and liberty from higher authority.  Decentralization enhances the democratic voice. Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.\u201d Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships.\"", "answer": "Earth Institute", "sentence": "Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization is often linked to concepts of participation in decision-making, democracy, equality and liberty from higher authority. Decentralization enhances the democratic voice. Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.\u201d <hl> Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization is often linked to concepts of participation in decision-making, democracy, equality and liberty from higher authority. Decentralization enhances the democratic voice. Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.\u201d Columbia University's <hl> Earth Institute <hl> identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships.\"", "sentence_answer": "Columbia University's <hl> Earth Institute <hl> identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6607462b22cd4dfcfbd615"}
-{"question": "How are the items alphabetized?", "paragraph": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "answer": "in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers", "sentence": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers , the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers , the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and <hl> in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers <hl>, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "sentence_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and <hl> in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers <hl> , the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6642b22cd4dfcfbff01"}
-{"question": "What medical school does Philippines have?", "paragraph": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "answer": "University of the Philippines College of Medicine", "sentence": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine , Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine , Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the <hl> University of the Philippines College of Medicine <hl>, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "sentence_answer": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the <hl> University of the Philippines College of Medicine <hl> , Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "paragraph_id": "5d6646832b22cd4dfcfbdbce"}
-{"question": "What kind of lens can project a real image even if it's negative?", "paragraph": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "answer": "Barlow lens", "sentence": "a Barlow lens .", "paragraph_sentence": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by <hl> a Barlow lens . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a <hl> Barlow lens <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> Barlow lens <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ef2b22cd4dfcfbfcdc"}
-{"question": "To whose interests did the Chinese Dowager Empress subjugate China?", "paragraph": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content.\nPolitical Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "answer": "European", "sentence": "The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests).", "paragraph_sentence": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. <hl> The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). <hl> Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "paragraph_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to <hl> European <hl> interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "sentence_answer": "The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to <hl> European <hl> interests).", "paragraph_id": "5d66fedd2b22cd4dfcfbe9a6"}
-{"question": "Education is believed by Marxism-Leninism to advance a society towards what?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "answer": "a communist society", "sentence": "Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society .", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. <hl> Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society . <hl> This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards <hl> a communist society <hl>. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "sentence_answer": "Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards <hl> a communist society <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711732b22cd4dfcfbed64"}
-{"question": "In what year were two African American Republicans elected to the U.S. House of Representatives?", "paragraph": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "answer": "2010", "sentence": "In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. <hl> In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. <hl> The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the <hl> 2010 <hl> elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "sentence_answer": "In the <hl> 2010 <hl> elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715672b22cd4dfcfbee82"}
-{"question": "What part of North America did the British settle first?", "paragraph": "On the eastern seaboard of what would become the United States, the four distinct British regions were: New England, the Middle Colonies, the Chesapeake Bay Colonies (Upper South) and the Lower South. Some historians add a fifth region, the Frontier, which was never separately organized. By the time European settlers arrived around 1600\u20131650, the majority of the Native Americans living in the eastern United States had been ravaged by new diseases, introduced to them decades before by explorers and sailors.", "answer": "the eastern seaboard", "sentence": "On the eastern seaboard of what would become the United States, the four distinct British regions were: New England, the Middle Colonies, the Chesapeake Bay Colonies (Upper South) and the Lower South.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On the eastern seaboard of what would become the United States, the four distinct British regions were: New England, the Middle Colonies, the Chesapeake Bay Colonies (Upper South) and the Lower South. <hl> Some historians add a fifth region, the Frontier, which was never separately organized. By the time European settlers arrived around 1600\u20131650, the majority of the Native Americans living in the eastern United States had been ravaged by new diseases, introduced to them decades before by explorers and sailors.", "paragraph_answer": "On <hl> the eastern seaboard <hl> of what would become the United States, the four distinct British regions were: New England, the Middle Colonies, the Chesapeake Bay Colonies (Upper South) and the Lower South. Some historians add a fifth region, the Frontier, which was never separately organized. By the time European settlers arrived around 1600\u20131650, the majority of the Native Americans living in the eastern United States had been ravaged by new diseases, introduced to them decades before by explorers and sailors.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> the eastern seaboard <hl> of what would become the United States, the four distinct British regions were: New England, the Middle Colonies, the Chesapeake Bay Colonies (Upper South) and the Lower South.", "paragraph_id": "5d66737e2b22cd4dfcfbdf82"}
-{"question": "What dish is typical in Turkey?", "paragraph": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "answer": "kebab", "sentence": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. <hl> Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "paragraph_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like <hl> kebab <hl>, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "sentence_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like <hl> kebab <hl> , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb8f2b22cd4dfcfbd2a2"}
-{"question": "Universal suffrage was eventually given to all Soviets above what age?", "paragraph": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "answer": "eighteen", "sentence": "In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen .", "paragraph_sentence": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. <hl> In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen . <hl> The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of <hl> eighteen <hl>. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "sentence_answer": "In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of <hl> eighteen <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6722e32b22cd4dfcfbf02a"}
-{"question": "What did one review find strong evidence of?", "paragraph": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "answer": "there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension", "sentence": "Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension , and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms.", "paragraph_sentence": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. <hl> Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension , and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. <hl> Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "paragraph_answer": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that <hl> there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension <hl>, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "sentence_answer": "Another review of dietary salt concluded that <hl> there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension <hl> , and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3072b22cd4dfcfbcbf2"}
-{"question": "Where did most Jewish settlers to the United states settle?", "paragraph": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "answer": "port cities", "sentence": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities . <hl> The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in <hl> port cities <hl>. The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in <hl> port cities <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6688412b22cd4dfcfbe201"}
-{"question": "Who has given the University of Pittsburgh serveral Green Star Awards?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "answer": "the Professional Grounds Management Society", "sentence": "The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" <hl> The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from <hl> the Professional Grounds Management Society <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from <hl> the Professional Grounds Management Society <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6830212b22cd4dfcfc064f"}
-{"question": "What term is given to the three regions of Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas Nevada combined?", "paragraph": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.  Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett.  Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "answer": "Nevada Triangle", "sentence": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \" Nevada Triangle \", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \" Nevada Triangle \", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. <hl> Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "paragraph_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"<hl> Nevada Triangle <hl>\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "sentence_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \" <hl> Nevada Triangle <hl> \", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.", "paragraph_id": "5d67048d2b22cd4dfcfbeaad"}
-{"question": "What teams share a rivalry?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "answer": "Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e", "sentence": "Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. <hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. <hl> Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. <hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e <hl> have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e <hl> have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef992b22cd4dfcfbd321"}
-{"question": "What did New England factories do?", "paragraph": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "answer": "raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum", "sentence": "They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum .", "paragraph_sentence": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). <hl> They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum . <hl> The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the <hl> raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum <hl>. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "sentence_answer": "They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the <hl> raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3be2b22cd4dfcfbcc15"}
-{"question": "What is the oldest extracurricular club on the University of Pittsburgh's campus?", "paragraph": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "answer": "Pitt Men's Glee Club", "sentence": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club , founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Pitt Men's Glee Club , founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. <hl> The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> Pitt Men's Glee Club <hl>, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Pitt Men's Glee Club <hl> , founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8092b22cd4dfcfbe837"}
-{"question": "What does decentralization offer and ensure to firms?", "paragraph": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "answer": "efficiency", "sentence": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures <hl> efficiency <hl> by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "sentence_answer": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures <hl> efficiency <hl> by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "paragraph_id": "5d660a6b2b22cd4dfcfbd6a2"}
-{"question": "Who had the power to dissolve the assembly?", "paragraph": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "answer": "The governor", "sentence": "The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly.", "paragraph_sentence": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. <hl> The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. <hl> The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "paragraph_answer": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. <hl> The governor <hl> was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The governor <hl> was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff442b22cd4dfcfbd52e"}
-{"question": "Who did the Albanian Church remain under?", "paragraph": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "answer": "the Armenian Church", "sentence": "The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon.", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. <hl> The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. <hl> This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "paragraph_answer": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with <hl> the Armenian Church <hl> having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "sentence_answer": "The Georgian Church disagreed with <hl> the Armenian Church <hl> having approved the christology of Chalcedon.", "paragraph_id": "5d6577c42b22cd4dfcfbc92e"}
-{"question": "Which two groups used elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\"?", "paragraph": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "answer": "Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie", "sentence": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. <hl> Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, <hl> Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie <hl> (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "sentence_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, <hl> Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie <hl> (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604892b22cd4dfcfbd5b7"}
-{"question": "What place is considered the home of drum and bass?", "paragraph": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "answer": "the UK", "sentence": "Despite its roots in the UK , which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Despite its roots in the UK , which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. <hl> There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite its roots in <hl> the UK <hl>, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "sentence_answer": "Despite its roots in <hl> the UK <hl> , which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d6600d12b22cd4dfcfbd55a"}
-{"question": "How much rain does the inner cylinder of a standard rain gauge hold?", "paragraph": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge, which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. The inner cylinder is filled by 25 mm (1 in) of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder. Plastic gauges have markings on the inner cylinder down to 0.25 mm (0.01 in) resolution, while metal gauges require use of a stick designed with the appropriate 0.25 mm (0.01 in) markings. After the inner cylinder is filled, the amount inside it is discarded, then filled with the remaining rainfall in the outer cylinder until all the fluid in the outer cylinder is gone, adding to the overall total until the outer cylinder is empty. These gauges are used in the winter by removing the funnel and inner cylinder and allowing snow and freezing rain to collect inside the outer cylinder.  Some add anti-freeze to their gauge so they do not have to melt the snow or ice that falls into the gauge.  Once the snowfall/ice is finished accumulating, or as 300 mm (12 in) is approached, one can either bring it inside to melt, or use lukewarm water to fill the inner cylinder with in order to melt the frozen precipitation in the outer cylinder, keeping track of the warm fluid added, which is subsequently subtracted from the overall total once all the ice/snow is melted.", "answer": "25 mm (1 in)", "sentence": "The inner cylinder is filled by 25 mm (1 in) of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder.", "paragraph_sentence": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge, which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. <hl> The inner cylinder is filled by 25 mm (1 in) of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder. <hl> Plastic gauges have markings on the inner cylinder down to 0.25 mm (0.01 in) resolution, while metal gauges require use of a stick designed with the appropriate 0.25 mm (0.01 in) markings. After the inner cylinder is filled, the amount inside it is discarded, then filled with the remaining rainfall in the outer cylinder until all the fluid in the outer cylinder is gone, adding to the overall total until the outer cylinder is empty. These gauges are used in the winter by removing the funnel and inner cylinder and allowing snow and freezing rain to collect inside the outer cylinder. Some add anti-freeze to their gauge so they do not have to melt the snow or ice that falls into the gauge. Once the snowfall/ice is finished accumulating, or as 300 mm (12 in) is approached, one can either bring it inside to melt, or use lukewarm water to fill the inner cylinder with in order to melt the frozen precipitation in the outer cylinder, keeping track of the warm fluid added, which is subsequently subtracted from the overall total once all the ice/snow is melted.", "paragraph_answer": "The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge, which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. The inner cylinder is filled by <hl> 25 mm (1 in) <hl> of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder. Plastic gauges have markings on the inner cylinder down to 0.25 mm (0.01 in) resolution, while metal gauges require use of a stick designed with the appropriate 0.25 mm (0.01 in) markings. After the inner cylinder is filled, the amount inside it is discarded, then filled with the remaining rainfall in the outer cylinder until all the fluid in the outer cylinder is gone, adding to the overall total until the outer cylinder is empty. These gauges are used in the winter by removing the funnel and inner cylinder and allowing snow and freezing rain to collect inside the outer cylinder. Some add anti-freeze to their gauge so they do not have to melt the snow or ice that falls into the gauge. Once the snowfall/ice is finished accumulating, or as 300 mm (12 in) is approached, one can either bring it inside to melt, or use lukewarm water to fill the inner cylinder with in order to melt the frozen precipitation in the outer cylinder, keeping track of the warm fluid added, which is subsequently subtracted from the overall total once all the ice/snow is melted.", "sentence_answer": "The inner cylinder is filled by <hl> 25 mm (1 in) <hl> of rain, with overflow flowing into the outer cylinder.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fd42b22cd4dfcfbf655"}
-{"question": "how much larger than the sun are theses masses?", "paragraph": "Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun). It arises via beta decay of heavy isotopes of indium.", "answer": "10 times that of Sun", "sentence": "Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun ).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun ). <hl> It arises via beta decay of heavy isotopes of indium.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to <hl> 10 times that of Sun <hl>). It arises via beta decay of heavy isotopes of indium.", "sentence_answer": "Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to <hl> 10 times that of Sun <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67ef012b22cd4dfcfc043f"}
-{"question": "What polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units to form fatty acids?", "paragraph": "In animals, when there is an oversupply of dietary carbohydrate, the excess carbohydrate is converted to triglycerides. This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis. Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the acetyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group. The enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis are divided into two groups, in animals and fungi all these fatty acid synthase reactions are carried out by a single multifunctional protein, while in plant plastids and bacteria separate enzymes perform each step in the pathway. The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver.", "answer": "fatty acid synthases", "sentence": "Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units.", "paragraph_sentence": "In animals, when there is an oversupply of dietary carbohydrate, the excess carbohydrate is converted to triglycerides. This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis. <hl> Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. <hl> The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the acetyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group. The enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis are divided into two groups, in animals and fungi all these fatty acid synthase reactions are carried out by a single multifunctional protein, while in plant plastids and bacteria separate enzymes perform each step in the pathway. The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver.", "paragraph_answer": "In animals, when there is an oversupply of dietary carbohydrate, the excess carbohydrate is converted to triglycerides. This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis. Fatty acids are made by <hl> fatty acid synthases <hl> that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the acetyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group. The enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis are divided into two groups, in animals and fungi all these fatty acid synthase reactions are carried out by a single multifunctional protein, while in plant plastids and bacteria separate enzymes perform each step in the pathway. The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver.", "sentence_answer": "Fatty acids are made by <hl> fatty acid synthases <hl> that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8da2b22cd4dfcfc049d"}
-{"question": "What do restrictions in deductive systems lead to?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "shorter proofs of metalogical results", "sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results . <hl> The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to <hl> shorter proofs of metalogical results <hl>. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to <hl> shorter proofs of metalogical results <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6a32b22cd4dfcfbe3b7"}
-{"question": "What is the abbreviation for the ventromedial prefrontal cortex?", "paragraph": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "answer": "VMPC", "sentence": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex ( VMPC ) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex ( VMPC ) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (<hl> VMPC <hl>) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "sentence_answer": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex ( <hl> VMPC <hl> ) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "paragraph_id": "5d6768c92b22cd4dfcfbfa67"}
-{"question": "What is one of the oldest christian communities?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Apostolic Church ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. It is part of Oriental Orthodoxy and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia is an early center of Christianity, and it was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the early 4th century (traditionally in 301 AD), by establishing this church. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century.", "answer": "The Armenian Apostolic Church", "sentence": "The Armenian Apostolic Church ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. <hl> It is part of Oriental Orthodoxy and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia is an early center of Christianity, and it was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the early 4th century (traditionally in 301 AD), by establishing this church. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. It is part of Oriental Orthodoxy and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia is an early center of Christianity, and it was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the early 4th century (traditionally in 301 AD), by establishing this church. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people.", "paragraph_id": "5d6585512b22cd4dfcfbc9e2"}
-{"question": "Which rivers drain from the west?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak", "sentence": "Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak .", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. <hl> Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak . <hl> Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the <hl> Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak <hl>. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Important rivers draining the western area include the <hl> Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebbd"}
-{"question": "Rotterdam is known for having foreigners from what kind of nations?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "answer": "non-industrialised", "sentence": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. <hl> They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from <hl> non-industrialised <hl> nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "sentence_answer": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from <hl> non-industrialised <hl> nations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b90e2b22cd4dfcfc0075"}
-{"question": "What age group is the Memorial Cup designed for?", "paragraph": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "answer": "age 20 and under", "sentence": "The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level ( age 20 and under ) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. <hl> The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level ( age 20 and under ) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (<hl> age 20 and under <hl>) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level ( <hl> age 20 and under <hl> ) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5292b22cd4dfcfbd190"}
-{"question": "An earthquake near \u0130zmit killed how many people?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "answer": "18,000", "sentence": "More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. <hl> More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. <hl> The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left <hl> 18,000 <hl> people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "sentence_answer": "More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left <hl> 18,000 <hl> people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccea2b22cd4dfcfbcd93"}
-{"question": "What term has been used interchangeably with postmodernism?", "paragraph": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism.  It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "answer": "post-structuralism", "sentence": "Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates.", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. <hl> Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. <hl> Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term <hl> post-structuralism <hl> out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "sentence_answer": "Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term <hl> post-structuralism <hl> out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2e2b22cd4dfcfbf630"}
-{"question": "What were the ages of the boys charged with beating to death of 2 homeless men?", "paragraph": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "answer": "15, 16 and 18", "sentence": "In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18 , were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. <hl> In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18 , were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys <hl> 15, 16 and 18 <hl>, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "sentence_answer": "In July 2014 three boys <hl> 15, 16 and 18 <hl> , were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607142b22cd4dfcfbd60b"}
-{"question": "Which attack stopped the revolts?", "paragraph": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "answer": "Tianamen Square attacks", "sentence": "In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force.", "paragraph_sentence": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. <hl> In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. <hl> The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "paragraph_answer": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the <hl> Tianamen Square attacks <hl> that stopped the revolts by force. The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "sentence_answer": "In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the <hl> Tianamen Square attacks <hl> that stopped the revolts by force.", "paragraph_id": "5d67be8c2b22cd4dfcfc0139"}
-{"question": "at what levels is tin immediately dangerous to life and health?", "paragraph": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "answer": "100 mg/m3", "sentence": "At levels of 100 mg/m3 , tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "paragraph_sentence": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. <hl> At levels of 100 mg/m3 , tin is immediately dangerous to life and health. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of <hl> 100 mg/m3 <hl>, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "sentence_answer": "At levels of <hl> 100 mg/m3 <hl> , tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e7f2b22cd4dfcfbf5ef"}
-{"question": "What conditions must be met for an ECG screening?", "paragraph": "Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "answer": "either at rest or with exercise", "sentence": "Screening ECGs ( either at rest or with exercise ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Screening ECGs ( either at rest or with exercise ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. <hl> This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "paragraph_answer": "Screening ECGs (<hl> either at rest or with exercise <hl>) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "sentence_answer": "Screening ECGs ( <hl> either at rest or with exercise <hl> ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611542b22cd4dfcfbd793"}
-{"question": "Who is a major supplier of Latin textbooks?", "paragraph": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "answer": "The British Cambridge University Press", "sentence": "The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. <hl> The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. <hl> It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "paragraph_answer": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. <hl> The British Cambridge University Press <hl> is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The British Cambridge University Press <hl> is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series.", "paragraph_id": "5d663d5d2b22cd4dfcfbdb50"}
-{"question": "what compounds are used to stabilize PVC plastics?", "paragraph": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "answer": "organotin compounds", "sentence": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. <hl> In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "paragraph_answer": "The major commercial application of <hl> organotin compounds <hl> is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "sentence_answer": "The major commercial application of <hl> organotin compounds <hl> is in the stabilization of PVC plastics.", "paragraph_id": "5d674dd42b22cd4dfcfbf5d1"}
-{"question": "How many members does the national Junior Classical League have?", "paragraph": "In the United Kingdom, the Classical Association encourages the study of antiquity through various means, such as publications and grants. The University of Cambridge, the Open University (OU), a number of prestigious independent schools, for example Eton and Harrow, and Via Facilis, a London-based charity, run Latin courses. In the United States and Canada, the American Classical League supports every effort to further the study of classics. Its subsidiaries include the National Junior Classical League (with more than 50,000 members), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the National Senior Classical League, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college. The league also sponsors the National Latin Exam. Classicist Mary Beard wrote in The Times Literary Supplement in 2006 that the reason for learning Latin is because of what was written in it.", "answer": "more than 50,000 members", "sentence": "Its subsidiaries include the National Junior Classical League (with more than 50,000 members ), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the National Senior Classical League, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the United Kingdom, the Classical Association encourages the study of antiquity through various means, such as publications and grants. The University of Cambridge, the Open University (OU), a number of prestigious independent schools, for example Eton and Harrow, and Via Facilis, a London-based charity, run Latin courses. In the United States and Canada, the American Classical League supports every effort to further the study of classics. <hl> Its subsidiaries include the National Junior Classical League (with more than 50,000 members ), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the National Senior Classical League, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college. <hl> The league also sponsors the National Latin Exam. Classicist Mary Beard wrote in The Times Literary Supplement in 2006 that the reason for learning Latin is because of what was written in it.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United Kingdom, the Classical Association encourages the study of antiquity through various means, such as publications and grants. The University of Cambridge, the Open University (OU), a number of prestigious independent schools, for example Eton and Harrow, and Via Facilis, a London-based charity, run Latin courses. In the United States and Canada, the American Classical League supports every effort to further the study of classics. Its subsidiaries include the National Junior Classical League (with <hl> more than 50,000 members <hl>), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the National Senior Classical League, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college. The league also sponsors the National Latin Exam. Classicist Mary Beard wrote in The Times Literary Supplement in 2006 that the reason for learning Latin is because of what was written in it.", "sentence_answer": "Its subsidiaries include the National Junior Classical League (with <hl> more than 50,000 members <hl> ), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the National Senior Classical League, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college.", "paragraph_id": "5d663eb12b22cd4dfcfbdb6d"}
-{"question": "What types of powers might a large urban area inherit under decentralization from the central government?", "paragraph": "Decentralization may be uneven and \"asymmetric\" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. In many countries, political, economic and administrative responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government. Decentralization of responsibilities to provinces may be limited only to those provinces or states which want or are capable of handling responsibility. Some privatization may be more appropriate to an urban than a rural area; some types of privatization may be more appropriate for some states and provinces but not others.", "answer": "political, economic and administrative", "sentence": "In many countries, political, economic and administrative responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government.", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization may be uneven and \"asymmetric\" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. <hl> In many countries, political, economic and administrative responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government. <hl> Decentralization of responsibilities to provinces may be limited only to those provinces or states which want or are capable of handling responsibility. Some privatization may be more appropriate to an urban than a rural area; some types of privatization may be more appropriate for some states and provinces but not others.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization may be uneven and \"asymmetric\" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. In many countries, <hl> political, economic and administrative <hl> responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government. Decentralization of responsibilities to provinces may be limited only to those provinces or states which want or are capable of handling responsibility. Some privatization may be more appropriate to an urban than a rural area; some types of privatization may be more appropriate for some states and provinces but not others.", "sentence_answer": "In many countries, <hl> political, economic and administrative <hl> responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government.", "paragraph_id": "5d667add2b22cd4dfcfbe060"}
-{"question": "What are basic terms for the two types of truss components?", "paragraph": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. struts and ties). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements.  Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "answer": "struts and ties", "sentence": "struts and ties ).", "paragraph_sentence": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. <hl> struts and ties ). <hl> Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements. Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "paragraph_answer": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. <hl> struts and ties <hl>). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements. Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> struts and ties <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67524e2b22cd4dfcfbf6d2"}
-{"question": "What determines the z axis' pointing down and to the left or down and to the right?", "paragraph": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left.  If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "answer": "the presumed viewer or camera perspective", "sentence": "In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective .", "paragraph_sentence": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left. If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. <hl> In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective . <hl> In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "paragraph_answer": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left. If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on <hl> the presumed viewer or camera perspective <hl>. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "sentence_answer": "In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on <hl> the presumed viewer or camera perspective <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661fea2b22cd4dfcfbd978"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the location of the highest point in the contiguous United States?", "paragraph": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "answer": "Mount Whitney", "sentence": "Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. <hl> Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, <hl> Mount Whitney <hl> is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "sentence_answer": "Finally, near Lone Pine, <hl> Mount Whitney <hl> is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d66effc2b22cd4dfcfbe62f"}
-{"question": "Which department is responsible for garbage removal?", "paragraph": "The New York City Department of Sanitation is responsible for garbage removal. The bulk of the city's trash ultimately is disposed at mega-dumps in Pennsylvania, Virginia, South Carolina and Ohio (via transfer stations in New Jersey, Brooklyn and Queens) since the 2001 closure of the Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island. A small amount of trash processed at transfer sites in New Jersey is sometimes incinerated at waste-to-energy facilities. Like New York City, New Jersey and much of Greater New York relies on exporting its trash to far-flung areas.", "answer": "New York City Department of Sanitation", "sentence": "The New York City Department of Sanitation is responsible for garbage removal.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New York City Department of Sanitation is responsible for garbage removal. <hl> The bulk of the city's trash ultimately is disposed at mega-dumps in Pennsylvania, Virginia, South Carolina and Ohio (via transfer stations in New Jersey, Brooklyn and Queens) since the 2001 closure of the Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island. A small amount of trash processed at transfer sites in New Jersey is sometimes incinerated at waste-to-energy facilities. Like New York City, New Jersey and much of Greater New York relies on exporting its trash to far-flung areas.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> New York City Department of Sanitation <hl> is responsible for garbage removal. The bulk of the city's trash ultimately is disposed at mega-dumps in Pennsylvania, Virginia, South Carolina and Ohio (via transfer stations in New Jersey, Brooklyn and Queens) since the 2001 closure of the Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island. A small amount of trash processed at transfer sites in New Jersey is sometimes incinerated at waste-to-energy facilities. Like New York City, New Jersey and much of Greater New York relies on exporting its trash to far-flung areas.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> New York City Department of Sanitation <hl> is responsible for garbage removal.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8052b22cd4dfcfbe82e"}
-{"question": "Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, and Ben van Berkel are examples of what?", "paragraph": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "answer": "architects", "sentence": "Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. <hl> Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. <hl> Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "paragraph_answer": "The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University, riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of Rotterdam's city centre during World War II (known as the Rotterdam Blitz) has resulted in a varied architectural landscape including sky-scrapers, which are an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities. Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned <hl> architects <hl> like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. Recently Rotterdam was listed 8th in The Rough Guide Top 10 Cities to Visit and was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "sentence_answer": "Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned <hl> architects <hl> like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcd92b22cd4dfcfbe939"}
-{"question": "How many jobs per month are needed to close the job gap by 2017", "paragraph": "From January to November 2012, the U.S. added approximately 151,000 jobs per month on average.\nEach month, The Hamilton Project examines the \"jobs gap,\" which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. During the prosperous 1990's decade, the U.S. created an average of 182,000 jobs/month.", "answer": "320,000", "sentence": "Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015.", "paragraph_sentence": "From January to November 2012, the U.S. added approximately 151,000 jobs per month on average. Each month, The Hamilton Project examines the \"jobs gap,\" which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. <hl> Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. <hl> During the prosperous 1990's decade, the U.S. created an average of 182,000 jobs/month.", "paragraph_answer": "From January to November 2012, the U.S. added approximately 151,000 jobs per month on average. Each month, The Hamilton Project examines the \"jobs gap,\" which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; <hl> 320,000 <hl> by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. During the prosperous 1990's decade, the U.S. created an average of 182,000 jobs/month.", "sentence_answer": "Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; <hl> 320,000 <hl> by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2ac2b22cd4dfcfbe6f0"}
-{"question": "What parameters could be passed in to the constructor?", "paragraph": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "answer": "colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed", "sentence": "There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed ).", "paragraph_sentence": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. <hl> There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed ). <hl> If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "paragraph_answer": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (<hl> colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed <hl>). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "sentence_answer": "There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( <hl> colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67df362b22cd4dfcfc035d"}
-{"question": "How many homeless people died as a result of attacks in 2013?", "paragraph": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "answer": "Eighteen", "sentence": "Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. <hl> Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. <hl> In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "paragraph_answer": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. <hl> Eighteen <hl> people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Eighteen <hl> people died as a result of the attacks.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607142b22cd4dfcfbd60a"}
-{"question": "Who made the first significant modification?", "paragraph": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "answer": "The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer", "sentence": "The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. <hl> The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. <hl> It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "paragraph_answer": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. <hl> The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer <hl> who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer <hl> who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750ac2b22cd4dfcfbf693"}
-{"question": "Thomas Chippendale is most known for what type of art?", "paragraph": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "answer": "furniture designs", "sentence": "This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment.", "paragraph_sentence": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. <hl> This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. <hl> To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the <hl> furniture designs <hl> of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "sentence_answer": "This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the <hl> furniture designs <hl> of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment.", "paragraph_id": "5d6632612b22cd4dfcfbdacc"}
-{"question": "Lowenheim-Skolem theorem involves which theory of cardinality?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "answer": "first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. <hl> One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb <hl> has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "sentence_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb <hl> has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718d12b22cd4dfcfbef28"}
-{"question": "Occluded fronts are usually generated in what areas?", "paragraph": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts.  Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones.  A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass.  Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas.  Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth.  When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "answer": "mature low-pressure areas", "sentence": " Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas .", "paragraph_sentence": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. <hl> Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas . <hl> Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "paragraph_answer": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around <hl> mature low-pressure areas <hl>. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "sentence_answer": " Occluded fronts usually form around <hl> mature low-pressure areas <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6781c02b22cd4dfcfbfdae"}
-{"question": "Which tactic involves creating a scoring position by fatiguing defenders?", "paragraph": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "answer": "Cycling", "sentence": "Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. <hl> Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. <hl> Cycling <hl> moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cycling <hl> moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d97d2b22cd4dfcfbceff"}
-{"question": "How much did Los Angeles want to spend to fix homelessness?", "paragraph": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"  Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015.  These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "answer": "$100 million", "sentence": "\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. <hl> \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\" <hl> Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015. These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find <hl> $100 million <hl> to cure what has become a municipal curse.\" Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015. These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "sentence_answer": "\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find <hl> $100 million <hl> to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65d4e32b22cd4dfcfbce58"}
-{"question": "According to Kate Turabian, how would you make Ph,D plural?", "paragraph": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "answer": "Ph.D.'s", "sentence": "Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \" Ph.D.'s \", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\".", "paragraph_sentence": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". <hl> Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \" Ph.D.'s \", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". <hl> Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "paragraph_answer": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"<hl> Ph.D.'s <hl>\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "sentence_answer": "Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \" <hl> Ph.D.'s <hl> \", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65a8042b22cd4dfcfbcac9"}
-{"question": "What other logic permits simultaneous quantification?", "paragraph": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "answer": "L\u03ba\u03bb", "sentence": "Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "paragraph_sentence": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. <hl> Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic <hl> L\u03ba\u03bb <hl> permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "sentence_answer": "Similarly, the logic <hl> L\u03ba\u03bb <hl> permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "paragraph_id": "5d6670372b22cd4dfcfbdf00"}
-{"question": "What island is linked to New York City's boroughs by bridges?", "paragraph": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "answer": "Manhattan", "sentence": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. <hl> Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "paragraph_answer": "Being primarily an island, <hl> Manhattan <hl> is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "sentence_answer": "Being primarily an island, <hl> Manhattan <hl> is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0ea2b22cd4dfcfbe68e"}
-{"question": "Which new model did the Modern movement seek to design and plan cities?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "answer": "industrial mass production", "sentence": "From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990).", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. <hl> From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). <hl> Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of <hl> industrial mass production <hl>; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "sentence_answer": "From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of <hl> industrial mass production <hl> ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990).", "paragraph_id": "5d676be12b22cd4dfcfbfadf"}
-{"question": "What makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic?", "paragraph": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "answer": "additional quantifiers and the full semantics", "sentence": "The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. <hl> The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. <hl> In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of <hl> additional quantifiers and the full semantics <hl> for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "sentence_answer": "The combination of <hl> additional quantifiers and the full semantics <hl> for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671f22b22cd4dfcfbdf37"}
-{"question": "What does R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate?", "paragraph": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature  is infinity.", "answer": "convex surfaces", "sentence": "Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces.", "paragraph_sentence": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. <hl> Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. <hl> The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "paragraph_answer": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate <hl> convex surfaces <hl> (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "sentence_answer": "Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate <hl> convex surfaces <hl> (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces.", "paragraph_id": "5d678c972b22cd4dfcfbfe49"}
-{"question": "Other than policy changes, what other thing do organizations advocating for the homeless community, call for?", "paragraph": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "answer": "creation of policy", "sentence": "Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness.", "paragraph_sentence": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. <hl> Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. <hl> Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "paragraph_answer": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the <hl> creation of policy <hl> to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "sentence_answer": "Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the <hl> creation of policy <hl> to help end homelessness.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662a42b22cd4dfcfbdd41"}
-{"question": "In which order logic connectedness can be showed?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "second", "sentence": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. <hl> However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in <hl> second <hl>-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in <hl> second <hl> -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_id": "5d66dbe22b22cd4dfcfbe4de"}
-{"question": "What vitamins are classified as ubiquinones?", "paragraph": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "answer": "Vitamin E and vitamin K", "sentence": "Vitamin E and vitamin K , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. <hl> Vitamin E and vitamin K , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. <hl> Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "paragraph_answer": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. <hl> Vitamin E and vitamin K <hl>, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Vitamin E and vitamin K <hl> , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class.", "paragraph_id": "5d67512a2b22cd4dfcfbf6ba"}
-{"question": "When did the University of Pittsburgh adopt the panther as a mascot?", "paragraph": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "answer": "1909", "sentence": "In the fall of 1909 , the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the fall of 1909 , the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. <hl> Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "paragraph_answer": "In the fall of <hl> 1909 <hl>, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "sentence_answer": "In the fall of <hl> 1909 <hl> , the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8642b22cd4dfcfbe870"}
-{"question": "What decades did most of the structural change occur in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "answer": "1940s and early 1950s", "sentence": "From the late 1940s and early 1950s , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. <hl> From the late 1940s and early 1950s , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. <hl> The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late <hl> 1940s and early 1950s <hl>, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "From the late <hl> 1940s and early 1950s <hl> , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c86e2b22cd4dfcfbcd1c"}
-{"question": "Where is the University of Pittsburgh's medical center complex located?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "answer": "the west end of campus", "sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus , the medical center complex.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus , the medical center complex. <hl> The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on <hl> the west end of campus <hl>, the medical center complex. The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "sentence_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on <hl> the west end of campus <hl> , the medical center complex.", "paragraph_id": "5d6831872b22cd4dfcfc0657"}
-{"question": "How many metals have teams outside the \"Big Six\" won since 1953?", "paragraph": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "answer": "five", "sentence": "Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_sentence": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. <hl> Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only <hl> five <hl> medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "sentence_answer": "Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only <hl> five <hl> medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_id": "5d668dcb2b22cd4dfcfbe23b"}
-{"question": "What did the former primer minister accuse them of?", "paragraph": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "answer": "employing \"known criminals\"", "sentence": "Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records.", "paragraph_sentence": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. <hl> Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. <hl> Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "paragraph_answer": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of <hl> employing \"known criminals\" <hl> to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "sentence_answer": "Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of <hl> employing \"known criminals\" <hl> to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750132b22cd4dfcfbf675"}
-{"question": "What is the effect of inline expansion?", "paragraph": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "answer": "avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively", "sentence": "Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call.", "paragraph_sentence": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). <hl> Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. <hl> The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "paragraph_answer": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). Not only does this <hl> avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively <hl> by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "sentence_answer": "Not only does this <hl> avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively <hl> by taking into account the context and arguments at that call.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2be2b22cd4dfcfc038f"}
-{"question": "On what date was New York declared first capital?", "paragraph": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "answer": "March 4, 1789", "sentence": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789 , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall.", "paragraph_sentence": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). <hl> New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789 , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. <hl> Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "paragraph_answer": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from <hl> March 4, 1789 <hl>, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "sentence_answer": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from <hl> March 4, 1789 <hl> , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702602b22cd4dfcfbea30"}
-{"question": "What is contained in the subset defining the function of f?", "paragraph": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "answer": "the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset", "sentence": "In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f.", "paragraph_sentence": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. <hl> In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. <hl> This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "paragraph_answer": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that <hl> the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset <hl> defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "sentence_answer": "In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that <hl> the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset <hl> defining the function f.", "paragraph_id": "5d6614b02b22cd4dfcfbd7e6"}
-{"question": "What production they use the Maize?", "paragraph": "The ancient peoples of the Andes such as the Incas have practiced irrigation techniques for over 6,000 years. Because of the mountain slopes, terracing has been a common practice. Terracing, however, was only extensively employed after Incan imperial expansions to fuel their expanding realm. The potato holds a very important role as an internally consumed staple crop. Maize was also an important crop for these people, and was used for the production of chicha, important to Andean native people. Currently, tobacco, cotton and coffee are the main export crops. Coca, despite eradication programmes in some countries, remains an important crop for legal local use in a mildly stimulating herbal tea, and, both controversially and illegally, for the production of cocaine.", "answer": "chicha", "sentence": "Maize was also an important crop for these people, and was used for the production of chicha , important to Andean native people.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ancient peoples of the Andes such as the Incas have practiced irrigation techniques for over 6,000 years. Because of the mountain slopes, terracing has been a common practice. Terracing, however, was only extensively employed after Incan imperial expansions to fuel their expanding realm. The potato holds a very important role as an internally consumed staple crop. <hl> Maize was also an important crop for these people, and was used for the production of chicha , important to Andean native people. <hl> Currently, tobacco, cotton and coffee are the main export crops. Coca, despite eradication programmes in some countries, remains an important crop for legal local use in a mildly stimulating herbal tea, and, both controversially and illegally, for the production of cocaine.", "paragraph_answer": "The ancient peoples of the Andes such as the Incas have practiced irrigation techniques for over 6,000 years. Because of the mountain slopes, terracing has been a common practice. Terracing, however, was only extensively employed after Incan imperial expansions to fuel their expanding realm. The potato holds a very important role as an internally consumed staple crop. Maize was also an important crop for these people, and was used for the production of <hl> chicha <hl>, important to Andean native people. Currently, tobacco, cotton and coffee are the main export crops. Coca, despite eradication programmes in some countries, remains an important crop for legal local use in a mildly stimulating herbal tea, and, both controversially and illegally, for the production of cocaine.", "sentence_answer": "Maize was also an important crop for these people, and was used for the production of <hl> chicha <hl> , important to Andean native people.", "paragraph_id": "5d660da32b22cd4dfcfbd740"}
-{"question": "The main campus is in walking distance of what nearby neighborhood?", "paragraph": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "answer": "Oakland", "sentence": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. <hl> The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "paragraph_answer": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the <hl> Oakland <hl> neighborhood. The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "sentence_answer": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the <hl> Oakland <hl> neighborhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d68358d2b22cd4dfcfc0677"}
-{"question": "Cite three of the main tribal groups", "paragraph": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "answer": "Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis", "sentence": "There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups.", "paragraph_sentence": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. <hl> There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. <hl> They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "paragraph_answer": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the <hl> Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis <hl> and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "sentence_answer": "There is violence between the <hl> Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis <hl> and other tribal groups.", "paragraph_id": "5d6837d12b22cd4dfcfc0694"}
-{"question": "What year did Turkey establish the Turkish Republic?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Overlooked for the new capital during the interwar period, the city has since regained much of its prominence. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, Music, Film and Cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today, and infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network.", "answer": "the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923", "sentence": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 . <hl> Overlooked for the new capital during the interwar period, the city has since regained much of its prominence. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, Music, Film and Cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today, and infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since <hl> the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 <hl>. Overlooked for the new capital during the interwar period, the city has since regained much of its prominence. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, Music, Film and Cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today, and infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since <hl> the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dfc02b22cd4dfcfbd079"}
-{"question": "What caused the spread of Latin without its natural spoken base?", "paragraph": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "answer": "incipient Romance languages", "sentence": "The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages ; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base.", "paragraph_sentence": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. <hl> The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages ; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. <hl> Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "paragraph_answer": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various <hl> incipient Romance languages <hl>; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "sentence_answer": "The spoken language had developed into the various <hl> incipient Romance languages <hl> ; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base.", "paragraph_id": "5d6612e42b22cd4dfcfbd7c0"}
-{"question": "How many days does it rain in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "answer": "about fifteen days", "sentence": "During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. <hl> During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. <hl> The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only <hl> about fifteen days <hl> with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "sentence_answer": "During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only <hl> about fifteen days <hl> with measurable precipitation between June and August.", "paragraph_id": "5d67578f2b22cd4dfcfbf79a"}
-{"question": "What is the main sex related hormone in women?", "paragraph": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women.  In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference.  Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function.  The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "answer": "estrogen", "sentence": " Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone.", "paragraph_sentence": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference. <hl> Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. <hl> Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "paragraph_answer": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference. Among women, <hl> estrogen <hl> is the predominant sex hormone. Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "sentence_answer": " Among women, <hl> estrogen <hl> is the predominant sex hormone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d18c2b22cd4dfcfbcdf6"}
-{"question": "What does moral self-licensing suggest increases the likelihood of engaging in immoral behavior?", "paragraph": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour.   Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals.  Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.   When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "answer": "self-image security", "sentence": " Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.", "paragraph_sentence": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour. Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. <hl> Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. <hl> When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "paragraph_answer": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour. Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that <hl> self-image security <hl> increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "sentence_answer": " Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that <hl> self-image security <hl> increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.", "paragraph_id": "5d6752cc2b22cd4dfcfbf6f9"}
-{"question": "Who other than the BBC broadcast radio?", "paragraph": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "answer": "Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio", "sentence": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). <hl> A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "paragraph_answer": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, <hl> Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio <hl> (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "sentence_answer": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, <hl> Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio <hl> (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005).", "paragraph_id": "5d6739f82b22cd4dfcfbf30a"}
-{"question": "What year did the earthquake that caused a major tsunami occur?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "answer": "1509", "sentence": "Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. <hl> Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. <hl> More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the <hl> 1509 <hl> earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "sentence_answer": "Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the <hl> 1509 <hl> earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccea2b22cd4dfcfbcd91"}
-{"question": "What was the life expectancy of a 15-year-old boy in 1700?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "63", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 ) <hl> . As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about <hl> 63 <hl>). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about <hl> 63 <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0692b22cd4dfcfbcb69"}
-{"question": "The sulfides of tin exist in what two oxidation states?", "paragraph": "Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. SnO2 is amphoteric, which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. There are also stannates with the structure [Sn(OH)6]2\u2212, like K2[Sn(OH)6], although the free stannic acid H2[Sn(OH)6] is unknown. The sulfides of tin exist in both the +2 and +4 oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "answer": "both the +2 and +4", "sentence": "The sulfides of tin exist in both the +2 and +4 oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. SnO2 is amphoteric, which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. There are also stannates with the structure [Sn(OH)6]2\u2212, like K2[Sn(OH)6], although the free stannic acid H2[Sn(OH)6] is unknown. <hl> The sulfides of tin exist in both the +2 and +4 oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. SnO2 is amphoteric, which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. There are also stannates with the structure [Sn(OH)6]2\u2212, like K2[Sn(OH)6], although the free stannic acid H2[Sn(OH)6] is unknown. The sulfides of tin exist in <hl> both the +2 and +4 <hl> oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "sentence_answer": "The sulfides of tin exist in <hl> both the +2 and +4 <hl> oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "paragraph_id": "5d676ab52b22cd4dfcfbfaaa"}
-{"question": "Atherosclerosis develops in what stage of life?", "paragraph": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "answer": "childhood", "sentence": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood . <hl> The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "paragraph_answer": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in <hl> childhood <hl>. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "sentence_answer": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in <hl> childhood <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6702b22cd4dfcfbce8a"}
-{"question": "What does a calling convention allow for?", "paragraph": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time.\nThe arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years.\nThe earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction.\nSubroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site.\nSome very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines.\nMachines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines.\nThe PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "answer": "deep levels of subroutine nesting", "sentence": "This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting , but does not support recursive subroutines.", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years. The earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction. Subroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site. Some very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines. Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. <hl> This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting , but does not support recursive subroutines. <hl> The PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years. The earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction. Subroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site. Some very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines. Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily <hl> deep levels of subroutine nesting <hl>, but does not support recursive subroutines. The PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "sentence_answer": "This allows arbitrarily <hl> deep levels of subroutine nesting <hl> , but does not support recursive subroutines.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c882b22cd4dfcfbf594"}
-{"question": "What is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during a cold season?", "paragraph": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.  This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.  As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets.  However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface.  A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "answer": "a warm layer", "sentence": " A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. <hl> A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing <hl> a warm layer <hl> above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "sentence_answer": " A temperature profile showing <hl> a warm layer <hl> above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2e52b22cd4dfcfc02bf"}
-{"question": "What was translated into Armenian along with the Bible?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "answer": "Liturgy", "sentence": "Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. <hl> Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. <hl> The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and <hl> Liturgy <hl> were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "sentence_answer": "Thus, the Bible and <hl> Liturgy <hl> were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian.", "paragraph_id": "5d65892a2b22cd4dfcfbca26"}
-{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9b"}
-{"question": "What do some of those in the Republican Party support in regard to national security?", "paragraph": "Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. In general, Republican thinking on defense and international relations is heavily influenced by the theories of neorealism and realism, characterizing conflicts between nations as struggles between faceless forces of international structure, as opposed to being the result of the ideas and actions of individual leaders. The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil.", "answer": "unilateralism", "sentence": "Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. <hl> In general, Republican thinking on defense and international relations is heavily influenced by the theories of neorealism and realism, characterizing conflicts between nations as struggles between faceless forces of international structure, as opposed to being the result of the ideas and actions of individual leaders. The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil.", "paragraph_answer": "Some in the Republican Party support <hl> unilateralism <hl> on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. In general, Republican thinking on defense and international relations is heavily influenced by the theories of neorealism and realism, characterizing conflicts between nations as struggles between faceless forces of international structure, as opposed to being the result of the ideas and actions of individual leaders. The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil.", "sentence_answer": "Some in the Republican Party support <hl> unilateralism <hl> on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746552b22cd4dfcfbf4af"}
-{"question": "What was the the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria's stance apologizing?", "paragraph": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "answer": "cannot continue to blame the white men", "sentence": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. <hl> In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We <hl> cannot continue to blame the white men <hl>, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We <hl> cannot continue to blame the white men <hl> , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687752b22cd4dfcfbe1f0"}
-{"question": "When do Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka students begin learning german or french?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "sixth grade", "sentence": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade , a second foreign language\u2014German or French.", "paragraph_sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade , a second foreign language\u2014German or French. <hl> Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in <hl> sixth grade <hl>, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in <hl> sixth grade <hl> , a second foreign language\u2014German or French.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd480"}
-{"question": "Hartford, Connecticut is found at the junction of which two rivers?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "answer": "Park and Connecticut", "sentence": "They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. <hl> They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. <hl> Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the <hl> Park and Connecticut <hl> rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the <hl> Park and Connecticut <hl> rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddf62b22cd4dfcfbcfe4"}
-{"question": "What year did President Obama sign the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act?", "paragraph": "In February 2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. Part of the Act addressed homelessness prevention, in which he allocated an additional $1.5 billion to HUD for the \"Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program (HPRP).\" The purpose of HPRP was to assist individuals and families who are otherwise healthy and not chronically homeless in escaping homelessness or preventing homelessness of the vulnerable population. HPRP grant monies were distributed to localities in the same formula used for Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG) in amounts not to exceed $500,000 and must be used within three years. Primary grantee activities include short-term and medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "In February 2009 , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In February 2009 , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. <hl> Part of the Act addressed homelessness prevention, in which he allocated an additional $1.5 billion to HUD for the \"Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program (HPRP).\" The purpose of HPRP was to assist individuals and families who are otherwise healthy and not chronically homeless in escaping homelessness or preventing homelessness of the vulnerable population. HPRP grant monies were distributed to localities in the same formula used for Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG) in amounts not to exceed $500,000 and must be used within three years. Primary grantee activities include short-term and medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management.", "paragraph_answer": "In February <hl> 2009 <hl>, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. Part of the Act addressed homelessness prevention, in which he allocated an additional $1.5 billion to HUD for the \"Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program (HPRP).\" The purpose of HPRP was to assist individuals and families who are otherwise healthy and not chronically homeless in escaping homelessness or preventing homelessness of the vulnerable population. HPRP grant monies were distributed to localities in the same formula used for Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG) in amounts not to exceed $500,000 and must be used within three years. Primary grantee activities include short-term and medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management.", "sentence_answer": "In February <hl> 2009 <hl> , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0fd2b22cd4dfcfbd356"}
-{"question": "George W. Bush opposed the validity of what?", "paragraph": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "answer": "the Kyoto Protocols", "sentence": "Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. <hl> Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of <hl> the Kyoto Protocols <hl> which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "sentence_answer": "Bush also publicly opposed ratification of <hl> the Kyoto Protocols <hl> which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "paragraph_id": "5d6742e92b22cd4dfcfbf437"}
-{"question": "Sweden was defeated in what war?", "paragraph": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "answer": "the Great Northern War", "sentence": "Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. <hl> Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. <hl> Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "paragraph_answer": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in <hl> the Great Northern War <hl> brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "sentence_answer": "Sweden's defeat in <hl> the Great Northern War <hl> brought Russia to the eastern coast.", "paragraph_id": "5d663b6b2b22cd4dfcfbdb32"}
-{"question": "What produced most of the world's tin in 2007?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "The ten largest companies", "sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. <hl> It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The ten largest companies <hl> produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The ten largest companies <hl> produced most of the world's tin in 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d68959f2b22cd4dfcfc3c57"}
-{"question": "Who constructed the Petionville school?", "paragraph": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures.  Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "answer": "Rev. Fortin Augustin", "sentence": " Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing.", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures. <hl> Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. <hl> The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures. Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which <hl> Rev. Fortin Augustin <hl> \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "sentence_answer": " Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which <hl> Rev. Fortin Augustin <hl> \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754972b22cd4dfcfbf72a"}
-{"question": "When is a biconcave lens?", "paragraph": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "answer": "lens with two concave surfaces", "sentence": "A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave).", "paragraph_sentence": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. <hl> A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). <hl> If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A <hl> lens with two concave surfaces <hl> is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> lens with two concave surfaces <hl> is biconcave (or just concave).", "paragraph_id": "5d6786f82b22cd4dfcfbfe03"}
-{"question": "Who was the first elected minority governor in Louisiana?", "paragraph": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "answer": "Bobby Jindal", "sentence": "The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. <hl> The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. <hl> He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of <hl> Bobby Jindal <hl> as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "sentence_answer": "The election of <hl> Bobby Jindal <hl> as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716192b22cd4dfcfbeec6"}
-{"question": "Where was the court of Charles I housed in 1642?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "Oxford", "sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. <hl> The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, <hl> Oxford <hl> housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "During the English Civil War, <hl> Oxford <hl> housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714ef2b22cd4dfcfbee78"}
-{"question": "Of the new jobs added, how many of them due to new businesses?", "paragraph": "Regulatory costs on business start-ups and going concerns are significant. Requiring laws to have sunset provisions (end-dates) would help ensure only worthwhile regulations are renewed. New businesses account for about one-fifth of new jobs added. However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. Inc. magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "answer": "one-fifth", "sentence": "New businesses account for about one-fifth of new jobs added.", "paragraph_sentence": "Regulatory costs on business start-ups and going concerns are significant. Requiring laws to have sunset provisions (end-dates) would help ensure only worthwhile regulations are renewed. <hl> New businesses account for about one-fifth of new jobs added. <hl> However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. Inc. magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "paragraph_answer": "Regulatory costs on business start-ups and going concerns are significant. Requiring laws to have sunset provisions (end-dates) would help ensure only worthwhile regulations are renewed. New businesses account for about <hl> one-fifth <hl> of new jobs added. However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. Inc. magazine published 16 ideas to encourage new startups, including cutting red tape, approving micro-loans, allowing more immigration, and addressing tax uncertainty.", "sentence_answer": "New businesses account for about <hl> one-fifth <hl> of new jobs added.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b2cd2b22cd4dfcfbffbd"}
-{"question": "Who introduced the concept by translating Descartes' works into Latin?", "paragraph": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students. These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "answer": "Frans van Schooten and his students", "sentence": "The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students .", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. <hl> The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students . <hl> These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by <hl> Frans van Schooten and his students <hl>. These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "sentence_answer": "The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by <hl> Frans van Schooten and his students <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661ced2b22cd4dfcfbd921"}
-{"question": "What portion of Anglican missionaries succumbed to death upon arrival in the Carolinas?", "paragraph": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon  the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "answer": "over one-fourth", "sentence": "For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. <hl> For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. <hl> Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "paragraph_answer": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, <hl> over one-fourth <hl> of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "sentence_answer": "For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, <hl> over one-fourth <hl> of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773ba2b22cd4dfcfbfc64"}
-{"question": "What is the literacy rate among Muslims?", "paragraph": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "answer": "58.6 percent", "sentence": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). <hl> In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is <hl> 58.6 percent <hl> (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "sentence_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is <hl> 58.6 percent <hl> (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_id": "5d6836ff2b22cd4dfcfc0688"}
-{"question": "Vertical clouds can result in what form of precipitation?", "paragraph": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "answer": "snow showers", "sentence": "Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers .", "paragraph_sentence": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. <hl> Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers . <hl> The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "paragraph_answer": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce <hl> snow showers <hl>. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "sentence_answer": "Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce <hl> snow showers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1a92b22cd4dfcfbe6b5"}
-{"question": "What is a two-dimensional space called?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "answer": "rectangular coordinate system", "sentence": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system ) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system ) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. <hl> (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a <hl> rectangular coordinate system <hl>) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "sentence_answer": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a <hl> rectangular coordinate system <hl> ) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714742b22cd4dfcfbee5c"}
-{"question": "Recent research has shown what as being responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity in Li-ion batteries?", "paragraph": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "answer": "some crystalline facets of tetragonal", "sentence": "Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. <hl> Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only <hl> some crystalline facets of tetragonal <hl> (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "sentence_answer": "Recent research showed that only <hl> some crystalline facets of tetragonal <hl> (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c572b22cd4dfcfbf580"}
-{"question": "When was the first recorded instance of Oxford University?", "paragraph": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355.", "answer": "12th century", "sentence": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records. <hl> Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in <hl> 12th century <hl> records. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355.", "sentence_answer": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in <hl> 12th century <hl> records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6737a32b22cd4dfcfbf2c8"}
-{"question": "If a man in Lithuania is named Vilkas, what will his daughter be named?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, such as Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Czech, etc. surnames change form depending on the gender of the bearer. For example, in Greece, if a man called Papadopoulos has a daughter, she will likely be named Papadopoulou (if the couple have decided their offspring will take the father's surname), since that name has a female version. In Poland, if the husband is named Podwi\u0144ski, and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska. The sons would be known as Podwi\u0144ski. In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named Vilkait\u0117. In Slovakia and Czech Republic alike, if a man is called Nov\u00e1k, the wife adds a feminine suffix \"-ov\u00e1\" to his surname after the marriage, hence Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1. The same is true for daughters which almost always inherit the father's surname with the feminine suffix.", "answer": "Vilkait\u0117", "sentence": "In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named Vilkait\u0117 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, such as Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Czech, etc. surnames change form depending on the gender of the bearer. For example, in Greece, if a man called Papadopoulos has a daughter, she will likely be named Papadopoulou (if the couple have decided their offspring will take the father's surname), since that name has a female version. In Poland, if the husband is named Podwi\u0144ski, and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska. The sons would be known as Podwi\u0144ski. <hl> In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named Vilkait\u0117 . <hl> In Slovakia and Czech Republic alike, if a man is called Nov\u00e1k, the wife adds a feminine suffix \"-ov\u00e1\" to his surname after the marriage, hence Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1. The same is true for daughters which almost always inherit the father's surname with the feminine suffix.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, such as Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Czech, etc. surnames change form depending on the gender of the bearer. For example, in Greece, if a man called Papadopoulos has a daughter, she will likely be named Papadopoulou (if the couple have decided their offspring will take the father's surname), since that name has a female version. In Poland, if the husband is named Podwi\u0144ski, and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwi\u0144ska. The sons would be known as Podwi\u0144ski. In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named <hl> Vilkait\u0117 <hl>. In Slovakia and Czech Republic alike, if a man is called Nov\u00e1k, the wife adds a feminine suffix \"-ov\u00e1\" to his surname after the marriage, hence Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1. The same is true for daughters which almost always inherit the father's surname with the feminine suffix.", "sentence_answer": "In Lithuania, if the husband is named Vilkas, his wife will be named Vilkien\u0117 and his daughter will be named <hl> Vilkait\u0117 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc552b22cd4dfcfbe900"}
-{"question": "When did the war became Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States?", "paragraph": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s.", "answer": "1980s", "sentence": "The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. <hl> The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the <hl> 1980s <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the <hl> 1980s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7072b22cd4dfcfc01e2"}
-{"question": "What is one reason for implementing top-down decentralization?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "mutually desired", "sentence": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" mutually desired \" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. <hl> They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" mutually desired \" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"<hl> mutually desired <hl>\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" <hl> mutually desired <hl> \" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671e12b22cd4dfcfbdf2d"}
-{"question": "Which saxes are usually included in a concert band?", "paragraph": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone. The typical high-level[clarification needed] concert band includes two altos, one tenor, and one baritone. The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist. The bass saxophone in B\u266d is called for in some concert band music (especially music by Percy Grainger).[citation needed]", "answer": "the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone", "sentence": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone . <hl> The typical high-level[clarification needed] concert band includes two altos, one tenor, and one baritone. The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist. The bass saxophone in B\u266d is called for in some concert band music (especially music by Percy Grainger).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for <hl> the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone <hl>. The typical high-level[clarification needed] concert band includes two altos, one tenor, and one baritone. The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist. The bass saxophone in B\u266d is called for in some concert band music (especially music by Percy Grainger).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for <hl> the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6723a72b22cd4dfcfbf054"}
-{"question": "What is (0,0) called on a Cartesian coordinate system?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "ordered pair", "sentence": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0).", "paragraph_sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. <hl> Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). <hl> The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "paragraph_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at <hl> ordered pair <hl> (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "sentence_answer": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at <hl> ordered pair <hl> (0, 0).", "paragraph_id": "5d660c702b22cd4dfcfbd6f4"}
-{"question": "What risk factors for cardiovascular disease do not change over time?", "paragraph": "There are several risk factors for heart diseases: age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent. Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history, are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "answer": "age, gender or family history", "sentence": "Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are several risk factors for heart diseases: age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent. <hl> Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are several risk factors for heart diseases: age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent. Some of these risk factors, such as <hl> age, gender or family history <hl>, are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "sentence_answer": "Some of these risk factors, such as <hl> age, gender or family history <hl> , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "paragraph_id": "5d6614eb2b22cd4dfcfbd7ee"}
-{"question": "What is the nations largest newspaper by circulation?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "answer": "The Wall Street Journal", "sentence": "The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal , is also based there.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. <hl> The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal , is also based there. <hl> Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, <hl> The Wall Street Journal <hl>, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "sentence_answer": "The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, <hl> The Wall Street Journal <hl> , is also based there.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a1132b22cd4dfcfbfec7"}
-{"question": "Which syllables were potentially removed to come up with the name 'Der Saadet'?", "paragraph": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.  This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "answer": "the first and third syllables", "sentence": "An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped.", "paragraph_sentence": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. <hl> An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. <hl> A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "paragraph_answer": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with <hl> the first and third syllables <hl> dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "sentence_answer": "An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with <hl> the first and third syllables <hl> dropped.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2ce2b22cd4dfcfbcbe8"}
-{"question": "In how many countries has Ranganiketan performed?", "paragraph": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "answer": "15", "sentence": "In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. <hl> In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. <hl> Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "paragraph_answer": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over <hl> 15 <hl> countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "sentence_answer": "In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over <hl> 15 <hl> countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6786662b22cd4dfcfbfdfb"}
-{"question": "How long did it take Sweden to recover from the 1991 financial crisis", "paragraph": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "answer": "17.8 years", "sentence": "For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis.", "paragraph_sentence": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. <hl> For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. <hl> The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "paragraph_answer": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden <hl> 17.8 years <hl> after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "sentence_answer": "For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden <hl> 17.8 years <hl> after its 1991 financial crisis.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3742b22cd4dfcfbe734"}
-{"question": "What is the Orocline related to, according to Isacks?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "crustal shortening.", "sentence": "The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. <hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". <hl> Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to <hl> crustal shortening. <hl> The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "sentence_answer": "The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to <hl> crustal shortening. <hl> The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca6b"}
-{"question": "Where was there a high demand for corn?", "paragraph": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "answer": "West Indies", "sentence": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. <hl> In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the <hl> West Indies <hl> with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "sentence_answer": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the <hl> West Indies <hl> with corn and flour.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609292b22cd4dfcfbd66b"}
-{"question": "What is one convention used instead of parentheses in formulas?", "paragraph": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "answer": "colons", "sentence": "For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted.", "paragraph_sentence": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. <hl> For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. <hl> Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use <hl> colons <hl> or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "sentence_answer": "For example, some authors use <hl> colons <hl> or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d42b22cd4dfcfbccd0"}
-{"question": "Who else claims to have invented the compound achromatic lens?", "paragraph": "With the invention of the telescope and microscope there was a great deal of experimentation with lens shapes in the 17th and early 18th centuries trying to correct chromatic errors seen in lenses. Opticians tried to construct lenses of varying forms of curvature, wrongly assuming errors arose from defects in the spherical figure of their surfaces. Optical theory on refraction and experimentation was showing no single-element lens could bring all colours to a focus. This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent.", "answer": "Englishman John Dollond", "sentence": "This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the invention of the telescope and microscope there was a great deal of experimentation with lens shapes in the 17th and early 18th centuries trying to correct chromatic errors seen in lenses. Opticians tried to construct lenses of varying forms of curvature, wrongly assuming errors arose from defects in the spherical figure of their surfaces. Optical theory on refraction and experimentation was showing no single-element lens could bring all colours to a focus. <hl> This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow Englishman John Dollond in a 1758 patent. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "With the invention of the telescope and microscope there was a great deal of experimentation with lens shapes in the 17th and early 18th centuries trying to correct chromatic errors seen in lenses. Opticians tried to construct lenses of varying forms of curvature, wrongly assuming errors arose from defects in the spherical figure of their surfaces. Optical theory on refraction and experimentation was showing no single-element lens could bring all colours to a focus. This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow <hl> Englishman John Dollond <hl> in a 1758 patent.", "sentence_answer": "This led to the invention of the compound achromatic lens by Chester Moore Hall in England in 1733, an invention also claimed by fellow <hl> Englishman John Dollond <hl> in a 1758 patent.", "paragraph_id": "5d6768f02b22cd4dfcfbfa7b"}
-{"question": "Which tin halide is the most important commercially?", "paragraph": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "answer": "Tin(II) chloride", "sentence": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. <hl> Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Tin(II) chloride <hl> (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tin(II) chloride <hl> (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense.", "paragraph_id": "5d6700882b22cd4dfcfbe9ea"}
-{"question": "What economic effect can a non-centralized approach incur?", "paragraph": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "answer": "higher enforcement costs", "sentence": "Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority.", "paragraph_sentence": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. <hl> Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. <hl> Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "paragraph_answer": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in <hl> higher enforcement costs <hl> and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in <hl> higher enforcement costs <hl> and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df242b22cd4dfcfbd048"}
-{"question": "In what city did the beating of 2 homeless men occur?", "paragraph": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "answer": "Albuquerque", "sentence": "In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque .", "paragraph_sentence": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. <hl> In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in <hl> Albuquerque <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in <hl> Albuquerque <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6607142b22cd4dfcfbd60c"}
-{"question": "What are said to be the three tabloid supplements?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning Insight team \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. It has a number of popular writers, columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson, A. A. Gill and Bryan Appleyard. It was Britain's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals. A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages. Besides the main news section, it has standalone News Review, Business, Sport, Money and Appointments sections \u2013 all broadsheet. There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements (Travel, Home and Driving). It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus, all of which offer video clips, extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper.[citation needed]", "answer": "Travel, Home and Driving", "sentence": "There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements ( Travel, Home and Driving ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning Insight team \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. It has a number of popular writers, columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson, A. A. Gill and Bryan Appleyard. It was Britain's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals. A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages. Besides the main news section, it has standalone News Review, Business, Sport, Money and Appointments sections \u2013 all broadsheet. <hl> There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements ( Travel, Home and Driving ). <hl> It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus, all of which offer video clips, extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning Insight team \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. It has a number of popular writers, columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson, A. A. Gill and Bryan Appleyard. It was Britain's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals. A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages. Besides the main news section, it has standalone News Review, Business, Sport, Money and Appointments sections \u2013 all broadsheet. There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements (<hl> Travel, Home and Driving <hl>). It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus, all of which offer video clips, extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements ( <hl> Travel, Home and Driving <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d6829e72b22cd4dfcfc061e"}
-{"question": "Who is a Dutch composer of postmodern music?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "Louis Andriessen", "sentence": "The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. <hl> The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer <hl> Louis Andriessen <hl>, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "The works of Dutch composer <hl> Louis Andriessen <hl> , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf086"}
-{"question": "What would a \"D\" designation of the Koppen classification suggest?", "paragraph": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation.  The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "answer": "cold mid-latitude", "sentence": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude ; and E, polar.", "paragraph_sentence": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. <hl> The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude ; and E, polar. <hl> The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_answer": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, <hl> cold mid-latitude <hl>; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "sentence_answer": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, <hl> cold mid-latitude <hl> ; and E, polar.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c722b22cd4dfcfbfd43"}
-{"question": "Who was elected as governor of Connecticut in 1974?", "paragraph": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "answer": "Ella Grasso", "sentence": "In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut.", "paragraph_sentence": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. <hl> In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. <hl> This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "paragraph_answer": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, <hl> Ella Grasso <hl> was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "sentence_answer": "In 1974, <hl> Ella Grasso <hl> was elected as the governor of Connecticut.", "paragraph_id": "5d667e782b22cd4dfcfbe0aa"}
-{"question": "Where are hydrocarbons trapped in the Andes Mountains?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "answer": "eastern fold and thrust belt", "sentence": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. <hl> In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their <hl> eastern fold and thrust belt <hl> acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "sentence_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their <hl> eastern fold and thrust belt <hl> acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons.", "paragraph_id": "5d6697e12b22cd4dfcfbe32e"}
-{"question": "Where is overhead most obvious?", "paragraph": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions, which return without making any procedure calls themselves.\nTo reduce that overhead, many modern compilers try to delay the use of a call stack until it is really needed.[citation needed] For example, the call of a procedure P may store the return address and parameters of the called procedure in certain processor registers, and transfer control to the procedure's body by a simple jump. If procedure P returns without making any other call, the call stack is not used at all. If P needs to call another procedure Q, it will then use the call stack to save the contents of any registers (such as the return address) that will be needed after Q returns.", "answer": "leaf procedures or leaf functions", "sentence": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions , which return without making any procedure calls themselves.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions , which return without making any procedure calls themselves. <hl> To reduce that overhead, many modern compilers try to delay the use of a call stack until it is really needed.[citation needed] For example, the call of a procedure P may store the return address and parameters of the called procedure in certain processor registers, and transfer control to the procedure's body by a simple jump. If procedure P returns without making any other call, the call stack is not used at all. If P needs to call another procedure Q, it will then use the call stack to save the contents of any registers (such as the return address) that will be needed after Q returns.", "paragraph_answer": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in <hl> leaf procedures or leaf functions <hl>, which return without making any procedure calls themselves. To reduce that overhead, many modern compilers try to delay the use of a call stack until it is really needed.[citation needed] For example, the call of a procedure P may store the return address and parameters of the called procedure in certain processor registers, and transfer control to the procedure's body by a simple jump. If procedure P returns without making any other call, the call stack is not used at all. If P needs to call another procedure Q, it will then use the call stack to save the contents of any registers (such as the return address) that will be needed after Q returns.", "sentence_answer": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in <hl> leaf procedures or leaf functions <hl> , which return without making any procedure calls themselves.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fba2b22cd4dfcfbf641"}
-{"question": "When rain happens at intense yet short intervals in scattered locations what is it called?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "showers", "sentence": " Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \" showers .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. <hl> Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \" showers .\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"<hl> showers <hl>.\"", "sentence_answer": " Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \" <hl> showers <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d676fc62b22cd4dfcfbfb9c"}
-{"question": "What new style of music came up in the late 1980s and early 1990s?", "paragraph": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "answer": "rave music", "sentence": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music , which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music , which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. <hl> But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called <hl> rave music <hl>, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "sentence_answer": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called <hl> rave music <hl> , which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a4942b22cd4dfcfbe390"}
-{"question": "What percent of slaves did the South American colonies account for?", "paragraph": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "answer": "slightly more than 3%", "sentence": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. <hl> It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for <hl> slightly more than 3% <hl> of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "sentence_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for <hl> slightly more than 3% <hl> of all Atlantic slave trade.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f35d2b22cd4dfcfbd3b3"}
-{"question": "When was the first settlement attempt in Carolina?", "paragraph": "The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors, who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. Carolina was not settled until 1670, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area, a mission led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what was to become Charleston (originally Charles Town for Charles II of England). The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in food for the slave plantations in the Caribbean. The settlers came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. Barbados, as a wealthy sugarcane plantation island, was one of the early English colonies to use large numbers of Africans in plantation style agriculture. The cultivation of rice was introduced during the 1690s and became an important export crop.", "answer": "1670", "sentence": "Carolina was not settled until 1670 , and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors, who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. <hl> Carolina was not settled until 1670 , and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. <hl> Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area, a mission led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what was to become Charleston (originally Charles Town for Charles II of England). The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in food for the slave plantations in the Caribbean. The settlers came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. Barbados, as a wealthy sugarcane plantation island, was one of the early English colonies to use large numbers of Africans in plantation style agriculture. The cultivation of rice was introduced during the 1690s and became an important export crop.", "paragraph_answer": "The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors, who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. Carolina was not settled until <hl> 1670 <hl>, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area, a mission led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what was to become Charleston (originally Charles Town for Charles II of England). The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in food for the slave plantations in the Caribbean. The settlers came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. Barbados, as a wealthy sugarcane plantation island, was one of the early English colonies to use large numbers of Africans in plantation style agriculture. The cultivation of rice was introduced during the 1690s and became an important export crop.", "sentence_answer": "Carolina was not settled until <hl> 1670 <hl> , and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fbcb2b22cd4dfcfbd4d4"}
-{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedc3"}
-{"question": "Who organized E-Week each year?", "paragraph": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "answer": "Engineer Student Council", "sentence": "\"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. <hl> \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. <hl> Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the <hl> Engineer Student Council <hl> for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "sentence_answer": "\"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the <hl> Engineer Student Council <hl> for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie.", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7f2b22cd4dfcfbfb38"}
-{"question": "When was the unemployment rate projected to be 8.8%", "paragraph": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "answer": "August 2012", "sentence": "During August 2012 , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. <hl> During August 2012 , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. <hl> CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During <hl> August 2012 <hl>, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "sentence_answer": "During <hl> August 2012 <hl> , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4862b22cd4dfcfbe76a"}
-{"question": "how many were lethal?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "155", "sentence": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. <hl> The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which <hl> 155 <hl> were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which <hl> 155 <hl> were lethal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fb2b22cd4dfcfbdf5b"}
-{"question": "How long do good analyses of gauge data typically take?", "paragraph": "In other cases, the goal is producing the best instantaneous satellite estimate, which is the High Resolution Precipitation Product approach. In either case, of course, the less-emphasized goal is also considered desirable. One key result of the multi-satellite studies is that including even a small amount of surface gauge data is very useful for controlling the biases that are endemic to satellite estimates. The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. Thus, precipitation estimates that include gauge data tend to be produced further after the observation time than the no-gauge estimates. As a result, while estimates that include gauge data may provide a more accurate depiction of the \"true\" precipitation, they are generally not suited for real- or near-real-time applications.", "answer": "two months or more", "sentence": "The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control.", "paragraph_sentence": "In other cases, the goal is producing the best instantaneous satellite estimate, which is the High Resolution Precipitation Product approach. In either case, of course, the less-emphasized goal is also considered desirable. One key result of the multi-satellite studies is that including even a small amount of surface gauge data is very useful for controlling the biases that are endemic to satellite estimates. <hl> The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. <hl> Thus, precipitation estimates that include gauge data tend to be produced further after the observation time than the no-gauge estimates. As a result, while estimates that include gauge data may provide a more accurate depiction of the \"true\" precipitation, they are generally not suited for real- or near-real-time applications.", "paragraph_answer": "In other cases, the goal is producing the best instantaneous satellite estimate, which is the High Resolution Precipitation Product approach. In either case, of course, the less-emphasized goal is also considered desirable. One key result of the multi-satellite studies is that including even a small amount of surface gauge data is very useful for controlling the biases that are endemic to satellite estimates. The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take <hl> two months or more <hl> after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. Thus, precipitation estimates that include gauge data tend to be produced further after the observation time than the no-gauge estimates. As a result, while estimates that include gauge data may provide a more accurate depiction of the \"true\" precipitation, they are generally not suited for real- or near-real-time applications.", "sentence_answer": "The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take <hl> two months or more <hl> after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control.", "paragraph_id": "5d677aa72b22cd4dfcfbfcf6"}
-{"question": "Nanotextured surfaces have how many dimensions on the nanoscale?", "paragraph": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "answer": "one dimension", "sentence": "Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm.", "paragraph_sentence": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. <hl> Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. <hl> Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "paragraph_answer": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have <hl> one dimension <hl> on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "sentence_answer": "Nanotextured surfaces have <hl> one dimension <hl> on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm.", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc22b22cd4dfcfbfe52"}
-{"question": "What is a bas-relief?", "paragraph": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less.  It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.  These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "answer": "a projecting image with a shallow overall depth", "sentence": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. <hl> In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "paragraph_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is <hl> a projecting image with a shallow overall depth <hl>, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "sentence_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is <hl> a projecting image with a shallow overall depth <hl> , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c50f2b22cd4dfcfc018c"}
-{"question": "What was the privilege of voting called?", "paragraph": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "answer": "suffrage", "sentence": "First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote.", "paragraph_sentence": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. <hl> First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. <hl> While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "paragraph_answer": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, <hl> suffrage <hl> was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "sentence_answer": "First, <hl> suffrage <hl> was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote.", "paragraph_id": "5d66872f2b22cd4dfcfbe1d4"}
-{"question": "What's the biggest singing-related event during Greek Week called?", "paragraph": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "answer": "Greek Sing", "sentence": "The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. <hl> The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing . <hl> Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and <hl> Greek Sing <hl>. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "sentence_answer": "The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and <hl> Greek Sing <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7f2b22cd4dfcfbfb37"}
-{"question": "What was the last public university that was all male in the U.S.?", "paragraph": "In the dissenting opinions, Justices Harry A. Blackmun, Warren E. Burger, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and William H. Rehnquist suggested that the result of this ruling would be the elimination of publicly supported single-sex educational opportunities. This suggestion has proven to be accurate as there are no public women's colleges in the United States today and, as a result of United States v. Virginia, the last all-male public university in the United States, Virginia Military Institute, was required to admit women. The ruling did not require the university to change its name to reflect its coeducational status and it continues a tradition of academic and leadership development for women by providing liberal arts and professional education to women and men.", "answer": "Virginia Military Institute", "sentence": "This suggestion has proven to be accurate as there are no public women's colleges in the United States today and, as a result of United States v. Virginia, the last all-male public university in the United States, Virginia Military Institute , was required to admit women.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the dissenting opinions, Justices Harry A. Blackmun, Warren E. Burger, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and William H. Rehnquist suggested that the result of this ruling would be the elimination of publicly supported single-sex educational opportunities. <hl> This suggestion has proven to be accurate as there are no public women's colleges in the United States today and, as a result of United States v. Virginia, the last all-male public university in the United States, Virginia Military Institute , was required to admit women. <hl> The ruling did not require the university to change its name to reflect its coeducational status and it continues a tradition of academic and leadership development for women by providing liberal arts and professional education to women and men.", "paragraph_answer": "In the dissenting opinions, Justices Harry A. Blackmun, Warren E. Burger, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and William H. Rehnquist suggested that the result of this ruling would be the elimination of publicly supported single-sex educational opportunities. This suggestion has proven to be accurate as there are no public women's colleges in the United States today and, as a result of United States v. Virginia, the last all-male public university in the United States, <hl> Virginia Military Institute <hl>, was required to admit women. The ruling did not require the university to change its name to reflect its coeducational status and it continues a tradition of academic and leadership development for women by providing liberal arts and professional education to women and men.", "sentence_answer": "This suggestion has proven to be accurate as there are no public women's colleges in the United States today and, as a result of United States v. Virginia, the last all-male public university in the United States, <hl> Virginia Military Institute <hl> , was required to admit women.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ed872b22cd4dfcfbe582"}
-{"question": "What musical notes did The primary saxophone family alternate", "paragraph": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "answer": "B\u266d and E\u266d", "sentence": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d . <hl> The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "paragraph_answer": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in <hl> B\u266d and E\u266d <hl>. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "sentence_answer": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in <hl> B\u266d and E\u266d <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675ccc2b22cd4dfcfbf886"}
-{"question": "How is the core that verifies the derivation called?", "paragraph": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input.  Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.  They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "answer": "\"kernel\".", "sentence": " Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. <hl> Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. <hl> They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "paragraph_answer": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core <hl> \"kernel\". <hl> Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "sentence_answer": " Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core <hl> \"kernel\". <hl> Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6675db2b22cd4dfcfbdfd9"}
-{"question": "In first-order logic, which graphs are not part of elementary class?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "connected graphs", "sentence": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. <hl> However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that <hl> connected graphs <hl> are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that <hl> connected graphs <hl> are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_id": "5d66dbe22b22cd4dfcfbe4dd"}
-{"question": "What museum is currently displaying the flag as part of an exhibition on the U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "answer": "Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History", "sentence": "The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. <hl> The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the <hl> Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History <hl> in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "sentence_answer": "The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the <hl> Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History <hl> in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "paragraph_id": "5d66677f2b22cd4dfcfbde18"}
-{"question": "How many people will the expansion of the city house?", "paragraph": "During the Ottoman period, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y were outside the scope of urban Istanbul, serving as tranquil outposts with seaside yal\u0131s and gardens. During the second half of the 20th century, the Asian side experienced major urban growth; the late development of this part of the city led to better infrastructure and tidier urban planning when compared with most other residential areas in the city. Much of the Asian side of the Bosphorus functions as a suburb of the economic and commercial centers in European Istanbul, accounting for a third of the city's population but only a quarter of its employment. As a result of Istanbul's exponential growth during the 20th century, a significant portion of the city is composed of gecekondus (literally \"built overnight\"), referring to illegally constructed squatter buildings. At present, some gecekondu areas are being gradually demolished and replaced by modern mass-housing compounds. Moreover, large scale gentrification and urban renewal projects have been taking place, such as the one in Tarlaba\u015f\u0131; some of these projects, like the one in Sulukule, have faced criticism. The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with plans for a third airport and the city's Olympic bid; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing 1.5 million people.", "answer": "1.5 million people", "sentence": "The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with plans for a third airport and the city's Olympic bid; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing 1.5 million people .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the Ottoman period, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y were outside the scope of urban Istanbul, serving as tranquil outposts with seaside yal\u0131s and gardens. During the second half of the 20th century, the Asian side experienced major urban growth; the late development of this part of the city led to better infrastructure and tidier urban planning when compared with most other residential areas in the city. Much of the Asian side of the Bosphorus functions as a suburb of the economic and commercial centers in European Istanbul, accounting for a third of the city's population but only a quarter of its employment. As a result of Istanbul's exponential growth during the 20th century, a significant portion of the city is composed of gecekondus (literally \"built overnight\"), referring to illegally constructed squatter buildings. At present, some gecekondu areas are being gradually demolished and replaced by modern mass-housing compounds. Moreover, large scale gentrification and urban renewal projects have been taking place, such as the one in Tarlaba\u015f\u0131; some of these projects, like the one in Sulukule, have faced criticism. <hl> The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with plans for a third airport and the city's Olympic bid; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing 1.5 million people . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "During the Ottoman period, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y were outside the scope of urban Istanbul, serving as tranquil outposts with seaside yal\u0131s and gardens. During the second half of the 20th century, the Asian side experienced major urban growth; the late development of this part of the city led to better infrastructure and tidier urban planning when compared with most other residential areas in the city. Much of the Asian side of the Bosphorus functions as a suburb of the economic and commercial centers in European Istanbul, accounting for a third of the city's population but only a quarter of its employment. As a result of Istanbul's exponential growth during the 20th century, a significant portion of the city is composed of gecekondus (literally \"built overnight\"), referring to illegally constructed squatter buildings. At present, some gecekondu areas are being gradually demolished and replaced by modern mass-housing compounds. Moreover, large scale gentrification and urban renewal projects have been taking place, such as the one in Tarlaba\u015f\u0131; some of these projects, like the one in Sulukule, have faced criticism. The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with plans for a third airport and the city's Olympic bid; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing <hl> 1.5 million people <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with plans for a third airport and the city's Olympic bid; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing <hl> 1.5 million people <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67595f2b22cd4dfcfbf7e7"}
-{"question": "What property is taxable in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "answer": "All real and personal property", "sentence": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. <hl> All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> All real and personal property <hl> located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> All real and personal property <hl> located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667782b22cd4dfcfbde0a"}
-{"question": "What bridge connects Staten Island to Brooklyn?", "paragraph": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "answer": "Verrazano-Narrows Bridge", "sentence": "It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge .", "paragraph_sentence": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. <hl> It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the <hl> Verrazano-Narrows Bridge <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the <hl> Verrazano-Narrows Bridge <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0ea2b22cd4dfcfbe692"}
-{"question": "How many people were on hockey teams following 1880?", "paragraph": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "answer": "seven", "sentence": "In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. <hl> In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. <hl> The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of <hl> seven <hl> rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "sentence_answer": "In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of <hl> seven <hl> rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2532b22cd4dfcfbd0e1"}
-{"question": "Which English queen helped propell national assertiveness in the 17the century?", "paragraph": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "answer": "Queen Elizabeth", "sentence": "During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth .", "paragraph_sentence": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. <hl> During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth . <hl> At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "paragraph_answer": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of <hl> Queen Elizabeth <hl>. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "sentence_answer": "During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of <hl> Queen Elizabeth <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6625ba2b22cd4dfcfbda07"}
-{"question": "What is considered a new linguistic phenomonom?", "paragraph": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "answer": "frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers", "sentence": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. <hl> As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "paragraph_answer": "The widespread, <hl> frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers <hl> is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "sentence_answer": "The widespread, <hl> frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers <hl> is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1a42b22cd4dfcfbcba2"}
-{"question": "Who led Cuba during the time of the Bay of Pigs Crises?", "paragraph": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "answer": "Fidel Castro", "sentence": "In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. <hl> In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. <hl> American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by <hl> Fidel Castro <hl> and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "sentence_answer": "In Cuba in 1959, forces led by <hl> Fidel Castro <hl> and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d66facc2b22cd4dfcfbe8cc"}
-{"question": "What region of Africa did Joseph C. Miller research?", "paragraph": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "answer": "West Central Africa", "sentence": "Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa ) was caused primarily by domestic factors.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. <hl> Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa ) was caused primarily by domestic factors. <hl> Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "paragraph_answer": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of <hl> West Central Africa <hl>) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "sentence_answer": "Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of <hl> West Central Africa <hl> ) was caused primarily by domestic factors.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b632b22cd4dfcfbde73"}
-{"question": "Who financed the Province of Carolina?", "paragraph": "The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors, who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. Carolina was not settled until 1670, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area, a mission led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what was to become Charleston (originally Charles Town for Charles II of England). The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in food for the slave plantations in the Caribbean. The settlers came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. Barbados, as a wealthy sugarcane plantation island, was one of the early English colonies to use large numbers of Africans in plantation style agriculture. The cultivation of rice was introduced during the 1690s and became an important export crop.", "answer": "a group of English Lords Proprietors", "sentence": "It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors , who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. <hl> It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors , who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. <hl> Carolina was not settled until 1670, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area, a mission led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what was to become Charleston (originally Charles Town for Charles II of England). The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in food for the slave plantations in the Caribbean. The settlers came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. Barbados, as a wealthy sugarcane plantation island, was one of the early English colonies to use large numbers of Africans in plantation style agriculture. The cultivation of rice was introduced during the 1690s and became an important export crop.", "paragraph_answer": "The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. It was a private venture, financed by <hl> a group of English Lords Proprietors <hl>, who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. Carolina was not settled until 1670, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to that area. Eventually, however, the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area, a mission led by Sir John Colleton. The expedition located fertile and defensible ground at what was to become Charleston (originally Charles Town for Charles II of England). The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in food for the slave plantations in the Caribbean. The settlers came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. Barbados, as a wealthy sugarcane plantation island, was one of the early English colonies to use large numbers of Africans in plantation style agriculture. The cultivation of rice was introduced during the 1690s and became an important export crop.", "sentence_answer": "It was a private venture, financed by <hl> a group of English Lords Proprietors <hl> , who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fbcb2b22cd4dfcfbd4d3"}
-{"question": "What is a convenient feature of the AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP process?", "paragraph": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "answer": "easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders", "sentence": "However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders .", "paragraph_sentence": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. <hl> However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for <hl> easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for <hl> easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e52b22cd4dfcfbf249"}
-{"question": "What are codes of group morality used to regulate?", "paragraph": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content.\nPolitical Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "answer": "behavior within a culture or community", "sentence": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community . <hl> Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "paragraph_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate <hl> behavior within a culture or community <hl>. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "sentence_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate <hl> behavior within a culture or community <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fedd2b22cd4dfcfbe9a9"}
-{"question": "October Revolution was carried out by which group?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Bolsheviks", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks <hl>, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks <hl> , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815de2b22cd4dfcfc057f"}
-{"question": "What was a crucial part of an education for those who wished to join the literate circle?", "paragraph": "Throughout European history, an education in the Classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in America learn from Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors. This book, first published in 1956, was written by Frederic M. Wheelock, who received a PhD from Harvard University. Wheelock's Latin has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.", "answer": "the Classics", "sentence": "Throughout European history, an education in the Classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Throughout European history, an education in the Classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. <hl> Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in America learn from Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors. This book, first published in 1956, was written by Frederic M. Wheelock, who received a PhD from Harvard University. Wheelock's Latin has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout European history, an education in <hl> the Classics <hl> was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in America learn from Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors. This book, first published in 1956, was written by Frederic M. Wheelock, who received a PhD from Harvard University. Wheelock's Latin has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.", "sentence_answer": "Throughout European history, an education in <hl> the Classics <hl> was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles.", "paragraph_id": "5d663c242b22cd4dfcfbdb44"}
-{"question": "How is classic Latin distinguished?", "paragraph": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "answer": "between long and short vowels", "sentence": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels . <hl> During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "paragraph_answer": "Classical Latin distinguished <hl> between long and short vowels <hl>. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "sentence_answer": "Classical Latin distinguished <hl> between long and short vowels <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6603cb2b22cd4dfcfbd592"}
-{"question": "What do intra- and intercellular proteins contain?", "paragraph": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "answer": "binding sites", "sentence": "In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). <hl> In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. <hl> Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and <hl> binding sites <hl> for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "sentence_answer": "In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and <hl> binding sites <hl> for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fe12b22cd4dfcfbf65d"}
-{"question": "How do the modern day Turks feel about the Constantinople name now?", "paragraph": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter  widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "answer": "The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect", "sentence": "The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "paragraph_sentence": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. <hl> The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. <hl> The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect <hl>, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect <hl> , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1972b22cd4dfcfbd0d1"}
-{"question": "What was the main form of reading material in the colonies?", "paragraph": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "answer": "major news, advertisements, and business reports", "sentence": "Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports .", "paragraph_sentence": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. <hl> Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports . <hl> Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "paragraph_answer": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as <hl> major news, advertisements, and business reports <hl>. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "sentence_answer": "Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as <hl> major news, advertisements, and business reports <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6656942b22cd4dfcfbdc48"}
-{"question": "What were you able to do if you were a white man that owned land?", "paragraph": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "answer": "vote", "sentence": "Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. <hl> Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could <hl> vote <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Most white men owned some land, and therefore could <hl> vote <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660d6d2b22cd4dfcfbd736"}
-{"question": "What type of rules allow for a forward pass, allowing hockey to be more of a team sport?", "paragraph": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby. Before the 1930s hockey was an on-side game, meaning that only backward passes were allowed. Those rules favoured individual stick-handling as a key means of driving the puck forward. With the arrival of offside rules, the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "answer": "offside rules", "sentence": "With the arrival of offside rules , the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "paragraph_sentence": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby. Before the 1930s hockey was an on-side game, meaning that only backward passes were allowed. Those rules favoured individual stick-handling as a key means of driving the puck forward. <hl> With the arrival of offside rules , the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby. Before the 1930s hockey was an on-side game, meaning that only backward passes were allowed. Those rules favoured individual stick-handling as a key means of driving the puck forward. With the arrival of <hl> offside rules <hl>, the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "sentence_answer": "With the arrival of <hl> offside rules <hl> , the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "paragraph_id": "5d666fa52b22cd4dfcfbdef7"}
-{"question": "Who founded the Connecticut Party?", "paragraph": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "answer": "Lowell Weicker", "sentence": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. <hl> A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "paragraph_answer": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like <hl> Lowell Weicker <hl> whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "sentence_answer": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like <hl> Lowell Weicker <hl> whose minor parties disappear after that success.", "paragraph_id": "5d6683732b22cd4dfcfbe168"}
-{"question": "Where did the Partisans started the fight?", "paragraph": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "answer": "Serbia", "sentence": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia , which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia , which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. <hl> On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to <hl> Serbia <hl>, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to <hl> Serbia <hl> , which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ba0d2b22cd4dfcfc00b5"}
-{"question": "How many metals where awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics?", "paragraph": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "answer": "69", "sentence": "Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. <hl> Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. <hl> In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the <hl> 69 <hl> medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "sentence_answer": "Of the <hl> 69 <hl> medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d668dcb2b22cd4dfcfbe239"}
-{"question": "Most often what does the term checking refer to?", "paragraph": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "answer": "body checking", "sentence": "Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "paragraph_sentence": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). <hl> Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to <hl> body checking <hl>, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "sentence_answer": "Often the term checking is used to refer to <hl> body checking <hl> , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d41c2b22cd4dfcfbce3a"}
-{"question": "Boston's Matthews Arena was the original home rink of what NHL team?", "paragraph": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "answer": "Boston Bruins", "sentence": "It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924.", "paragraph_sentence": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. <hl> It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. <hl> Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "paragraph_answer": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the <hl> Boston Bruins <hl> professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "It was the original home rink of the <hl> Boston Bruins <hl> professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924.", "paragraph_id": "5d666d552b22cd4dfcfbdeb4"}
-{"question": "Are the rivers draining the Manipur Hills calm?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "assume turbulent form in the rainy season", "sentence": "These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season .", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. <hl> These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season . <hl> Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and <hl> assume turbulent form in the rainy season <hl>. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "These rivers are corrosive and <hl> assume turbulent form in the rainy season <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebbc"}
-{"question": "What is the baritone and alto pitched in?", "paragraph": "Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. Since the baritone and alto are pitched in E\u266d, players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature. This process, referred to as clef substitution, makes it possible for the Eb instruments to play from parts written for bassoon, tuba, trombone, or string bass. This can be useful if a band or orchestra lacks one of those instruments.", "answer": "E\u266d", "sentence": "Since the baritone and alto are pitched in E\u266d , players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature.", "paragraph_sentence": "Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. <hl> Since the baritone and alto are pitched in E\u266d , players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature. <hl> This process, referred to as clef substitution, makes it possible for the Eb instruments to play from parts written for bassoon, tuba, trombone, or string bass. This can be useful if a band or orchestra lacks one of those instruments.", "paragraph_answer": "Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. Since the baritone and alto are pitched in <hl> E\u266d <hl>, players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature. This process, referred to as clef substitution, makes it possible for the Eb instruments to play from parts written for bassoon, tuba, trombone, or string bass. This can be useful if a band or orchestra lacks one of those instruments.", "sentence_answer": "Since the baritone and alto are pitched in <hl> E\u266d <hl> , players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature.", "paragraph_id": "5d67658a2b22cd4dfcfbf9d7"}
-{"question": "What is the reflection of the point (x, -y) across the first coordinate axis?", "paragraph": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis), as if that line were a mirror.  Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis (the X-axis). In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle \n\n\n\n\u03b8\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\theta }\n\n with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates (x, y) by the point with coordinates (x\u2032,y\u2032), where", "answer": "(the X-axis)", "sentence": " Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis (the X-axis) .", "paragraph_sentence": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis), as if that line were a mirror. <hl> Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis (the X-axis) . <hl> In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle \u03b8 {\\displaystyle \\theta } with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates (x, y) by the point with coordinates (x\u2032,y\u2032), where", "paragraph_answer": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis), as if that line were a mirror. Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis <hl> (the X-axis) <hl>. In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle \u03b8 {\\displaystyle \\theta } with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates (x, y) by the point with coordinates (x\u2032,y\u2032), where", "sentence_answer": " Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis <hl> (the X-axis) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6620df2b22cd4dfcfbd99f"}
-{"question": "What was the major profession of immigrants to America after 1700?", "paragraph": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "answer": "indentured servants", "sentence": "After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants \u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment.", "paragraph_sentence": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. <hl> After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants \u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. <hl> Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "paragraph_answer": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as <hl> indentured servants <hl>\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "sentence_answer": "After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as <hl> indentured servants <hl> \u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment.", "paragraph_id": "5d6625ba2b22cd4dfcfbda08"}
-{"question": "Which two things does the Republican Party oppose?", "paragraph": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "answer": "aristocracy and corruption", "sentence": "The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption .", "paragraph_sentence": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". <hl> The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption . <hl> It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "paragraph_answer": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to <hl> aristocracy and corruption <hl>. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "sentence_answer": "The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to <hl> aristocracy and corruption <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6735f92b22cd4dfcfbf299"}
-{"question": "What would be done if a person had the same name in medieval times?", "paragraph": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "answer": "a byname would be used", "sentence": "Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "paragraph_sentence": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". <hl> Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, <hl> a byname would be used <hl> in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "sentence_answer": "Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, <hl> a byname would be used <hl> in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ef592b22cd4dfcfc0450"}
-{"question": "What fueled economic growth in Europe and the Americas?", "paragraph": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "answer": "profits from slavery", "sentence": "Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. <hl> Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. <hl> Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "paragraph_answer": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the <hl> profits from slavery <hl> were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "sentence_answer": "Rodney contended that the <hl> profits from slavery <hl> were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6669602b22cd4dfcfbde3b"}
-{"question": "What is an untouchable organization?", "paragraph": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Armenian\nreligious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "answer": "Armenian Apostolic Church", "sentence": "Armenian\nreligious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. <hl> Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". <hl> The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "sentence_answer": "Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> today wants to have a monopoly on religion\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657c112b22cd4dfcfbc98a"}
-{"question": "What began to spread when people started to settle into non-nomadic societies?", "paragraph": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "answer": "disease", "sentence": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. <hl> Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, <hl> disease <hl> spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "sentence_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, <hl> disease <hl> spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d1b62b22cd4dfcfc02a8"}
-{"question": "What region was based on farms that were self-sufficient and only traded for what they couldn't produce?", "paragraph": "Economically, Puritan New England fulfilled the expectations of its founders. Unlike the cash crop-oriented plantations of the Chesapeake region, the Puritan economy was based on the efforts of self-supporting farmsteads who traded only for goods they could not produce themselves. There was a generally higher economic standing and standard of living in New England than in the Chesapeake. Along with agriculture, fishing, and logging, New England became an important mercantile and shipbuilding center, serving as the hub for trading between the southern colonies and Europe.", "answer": "Puritan New England", "sentence": "Economically, Puritan New England fulfilled the expectations of its founders.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Economically, Puritan New England fulfilled the expectations of its founders. <hl> Unlike the cash crop-oriented plantations of the Chesapeake region, the Puritan economy was based on the efforts of self-supporting farmsteads who traded only for goods they could not produce themselves. There was a generally higher economic standing and standard of living in New England than in the Chesapeake. Along with agriculture, fishing, and logging, New England became an important mercantile and shipbuilding center, serving as the hub for trading between the southern colonies and Europe.", "paragraph_answer": "Economically, <hl> Puritan New England <hl> fulfilled the expectations of its founders. Unlike the cash crop-oriented plantations of the Chesapeake region, the Puritan economy was based on the efforts of self-supporting farmsteads who traded only for goods they could not produce themselves. There was a generally higher economic standing and standard of living in New England than in the Chesapeake. Along with agriculture, fishing, and logging, New England became an important mercantile and shipbuilding center, serving as the hub for trading between the southern colonies and Europe.", "sentence_answer": "Economically, <hl> Puritan New England <hl> fulfilled the expectations of its founders.", "paragraph_id": "5d661bc62b22cd4dfcfbd8f0"}
-{"question": "What sport are women playing?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "answer": "350 percent", "sentence": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. <hl> In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing <hl> 350 percent <hl> in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "sentence_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing <hl> 350 percent <hl> in the last 10 years.", "paragraph_id": "5d668fb42b22cd4dfcfbe260"}
-{"question": "How are ratios typically expressed?", "paragraph": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio  of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable.   This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.  As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "answer": "as a percentage", "sentence": "  This ratio (expressed as a percentage ), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. <hl> This ratio (expressed as a percentage ), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. <hl> As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "paragraph_answer": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. This ratio (expressed <hl> as a percentage <hl>), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "sentence_answer": " This ratio (expressed <hl> as a percentage <hl> ), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8432b22cd4dfcfbcd12"}
-{"question": "What were some of the legal obstacles to gender equality addressed by first wave feminism?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "voting rights, property rights", "sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights ), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights ), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., <hl> voting rights, property rights <hl>), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., <hl> voting rights, property rights <hl> ), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e292b22cd4dfcfbec73"}
-{"question": "A person who has their last name indicated by their mother's first name is known as what?", "paragraph": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "answer": "matronymic", "sentence": "A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother ( matronymic ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. <hl> A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother ( matronymic ). <hl> Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_answer": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (<hl> matronymic <hl>). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "sentence_answer": "A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother ( <hl> matronymic <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d6738e02b22cd4dfcfbf2e7"}
-{"question": "What was another name for the Atlantic slave trade?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "answer": "transatlantic slave trade", "sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. <hl> The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or <hl> transatlantic slave trade <hl> took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "sentence_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or <hl> transatlantic slave trade <hl> took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries.", "paragraph_id": "5d65962f2b22cd4dfcfbca2c"}
-{"question": "What type of clause should contracts have?", "paragraph": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "answer": "Entire Agreement", "sentence": " Ideally, the contract should contain an ' Entire Agreement ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_sentence": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> Ideally, the contract should contain an ' Entire Agreement ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_answer": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an '<hl> Entire Agreement <hl>' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "sentence_answer": " Ideally, the contract should contain an ' <hl> Entire Agreement <hl> ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8e82b22cd4dfcfbcd68"}
-{"question": "What are municipalities typically subordinate to?", "paragraph": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "answer": "a county government", "sentence": "Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government , with some exceptions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. <hl> Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government , with some exceptions. <hl> Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "paragraph_answer": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to <hl> a county government <hl>, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "sentence_answer": "Municipalities are typically subordinate to <hl> a county government <hl> , with some exceptions.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f702b22cd4dfcfbfb8b"}
-{"question": "Which gender had a higher relative risk for the disease?", "paragraph": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did.  Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5.  Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure.  PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "answer": "Women", "sentence": "Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did.", "paragraph_sentence": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. <hl> Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. <hl> Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "paragraph_answer": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. <hl> Women <hl> had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Women <hl> had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d26e2b22cd4dfcfbce10"}
-{"question": "What was emphasized in preaching during the Great Awakening?", "paragraph": "The First Great Awakening, the nation's first major religious revival in the middle of the 18th century injected new vigor into Christian faith. It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. Jonathan Edwards, perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts.  The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of personal guilt and redemption by Christ Jesus. It resulted from powerful preaching that deeply affected listeners with a deep sense of personal guilt and salvation by Christ.  Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made religion personal to the average person.", "answer": "personal guilt and redemption by Christ", "sentence": " The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of personal guilt and redemption by Christ Jesus.", "paragraph_sentence": "The First Great Awakening, the nation's first major religious revival in the middle of the 18th century injected new vigor into Christian faith. It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. Jonathan Edwards, perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts. <hl> The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of personal guilt and redemption by Christ Jesus. <hl> It resulted from powerful preaching that deeply affected listeners with a deep sense of personal guilt and salvation by Christ. Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made religion personal to the average person.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Great Awakening, the nation's first major religious revival in the middle of the 18th century injected new vigor into Christian faith. It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. Jonathan Edwards, perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts. The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of <hl> personal guilt and redemption by Christ <hl> Jesus. It resulted from powerful preaching that deeply affected listeners with a deep sense of personal guilt and salvation by Christ. Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made religion personal to the average person.", "sentence_answer": " The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of <hl> personal guilt and redemption by Christ <hl> Jesus.", "paragraph_id": "5d668ae52b22cd4dfcfbe21f"}
-{"question": "What does First-order logic allow?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "It allows the use of sentences that contain variables", "sentence": " It allows the use of sentences that contain variables , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. <hl> It allows the use of sentences that contain variables , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. <hl> This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. <hl> It allows the use of sentences that contain variables <hl>, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> It allows the use of sentences that contain variables <hl> , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b3b02b22cd4dfcfbe3fd"}
-{"question": "Who finds the system of Hindu morality hard to grasp?", "paragraph": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "answer": "modern Westerners", "sentence": "For modern Westerners , who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. <hl> For modern Westerners , who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. For <hl> modern Westerners <hl>, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "sentence_answer": "For <hl> modern Westerners <hl> , who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67056d2b22cd4dfcfbeac9"}
-{"question": "What do the three Danish straits connect the Baltic Sea to?", "paragraph": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat  and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "answer": "the Kattegat  and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea", "sentence": "The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat  and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. <hl> The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with <hl> the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with <hl> the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6615fb2b22cd4dfcfbd81f"}
-{"question": "What's the first objective of the bill as summarized by the Congressional Research Service?", "paragraph": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "answer": "exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee", "sentence": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) <hl> exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee <hl> who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "sentence_answer": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) <hl> exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee <hl> who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d676cf12b22cd4dfcfbfb16"}
-{"question": "In what month did the crisis in regards to Australia's constitution end?", "paragraph": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "answer": "November", "sentence": "The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. <hl> The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. <hl> This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "paragraph_answer": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in <hl> November <hl> 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "sentence_answer": "The crisis was resolved in <hl> November <hl> 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5e02b22cd4dfcfbce73"}
-{"question": "Aatherosclerosis is how important?", "paragraph": "This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken.", "answer": "extremely", "sentence": "This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. <hl> In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken.", "paragraph_answer": "This is <hl> extremely <hl> important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken.", "sentence_answer": "This is <hl> extremely <hl> important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d75d2b22cd4dfcfbcea9"}
-{"question": "who involved in building structures?", "paragraph": "Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants).", "answer": "Structural engineers", "sentence": "Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. <hl> Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants).", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety.", "paragraph_id": "5d676fee2b22cd4dfcfbfba7"}
-{"question": "What kind of integers are used to process and compute the greatest common divisor?", "paragraph": "Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. Functions definable by an algorithm are called computable functions. For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers. Many of the functions studied in the context of number theory are computable.", "answer": "two positive integers", "sentence": "For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers .", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. Functions definable by an algorithm are called computable functions. <hl> For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers . <hl> Many of the functions studied in the context of number theory are computable.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. Functions definable by an algorithm are called computable functions. For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of <hl> two positive integers <hl>. Many of the functions studied in the context of number theory are computable.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of <hl> two positive integers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6618262b22cd4dfcfbd84e"}
-{"question": "At one point, the Soviets had a non aggression pact with what power?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "Nazi Germany", "sentence": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. <hl> In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and <hl> Nazi Germany <hl> agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and <hl> Nazi Germany <hl> agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf044"}
-{"question": "Where were potatoes domesticated?", "paragraph": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "answer": "South America", "sentence": "Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America .", "paragraph_sentence": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. <hl> Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America . <hl> In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "paragraph_answer": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in <hl> South America <hl>. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "sentence_answer": "Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in <hl> South America <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673fc82b22cd4dfcfbf3e5"}
-{"question": "At what age can smokers stop smoking to have the same risk as non-smokers?", "paragraph": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "answer": "age 30", "sentence": "Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. <hl> Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by <hl> age 30 <hl> have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "sentence_answer": "Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by <hl> age 30 <hl> have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_id": "5d65bf9f2b22cd4dfcfbcb43"}
-{"question": "What makes f(x) = x2 different?", "paragraph": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "answer": "codomain is not specified", "sentence": "on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified , and in the other it is a valid definition.", "paragraph_sentence": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 <hl> on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified , and in the other it is a valid definition. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the <hl> codomain is not specified <hl>, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "sentence_answer": "on the reals does not completely specify a function as the <hl> codomain is not specified <hl> , and in the other it is a valid definition.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ba802b22cd4dfcfbe475"}
-{"question": "What did farm women do to provide for the rest of the needs of the family?", "paragraph": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "answer": "spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter", "sentence": "Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter .", "paragraph_sentence": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. <hl> Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by <hl> spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by <hl> spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667cd82b22cd4dfcfbe086"}
-{"question": "Which group has the highest concentration in the city center relative to the other city areas?", "paragraph": "Overall the demographics differ per city area. According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of 70%, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas. Also the city centre has a much larger population of people with higher education and higher income. Nonetheless, 80% of the homes are rented, not owned. The city centre also has a higher percentage (51% vs 45%) of foreign-born citizens (Dutch: allochtonen). The majority (70%) of shops are also run by foreign-born citizens.", "answer": "singles", "sentence": "According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of 70%, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Overall the demographics differ per city area. <hl> According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a singles population of 70%, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas. <hl> Also the city centre has a much larger population of people with higher education and higher income. Nonetheless, 80% of the homes are rented, not owned. The city centre also has a higher percentage (51% vs 45%) of foreign-born citizens (Dutch: allochtonen). The majority (70%) of shops are also run by foreign-born citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "Overall the demographics differ per city area. According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a <hl> singles <hl> population of 70%, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas. Also the city centre has a much larger population of people with higher education and higher income. Nonetheless, 80% of the homes are rented, not owned. The city centre also has a higher percentage (51% vs 45%) of foreign-born citizens (Dutch: allochtonen). The majority (70%) of shops are also run by foreign-born citizens.", "sentence_answer": "According to a recent area analysis, the city centre has a <hl> singles <hl> population of 70%, between the ages of 20 and 40,[citation needed] considerably more than other city areas.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8292b22cd4dfcfc0036"}
-{"question": "What is the abbreviation for Sun Oil Company?", "paragraph": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "answer": "Sunoco", "sentence": "Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "paragraph_sentence": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). <hl> Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and <hl> Sunoco <hl> (Sun Oil Company).", "sentence_answer": "Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and <hl> Sunoco <hl> (Sun Oil Company).", "paragraph_id": "5d65b7e32b22cd4dfcfbcb30"}
-{"question": "In what country is cardiovascular disease not the leading cause of death?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "answer": "Africa", "sentence": "This is true in all areas of the world except Africa .", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. <hl> This is true in all areas of the world except Africa . <hl> Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except <hl> Africa <hl>. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "sentence_answer": "This is true in all areas of the world except <hl> Africa <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6613dc2b22cd4dfcfbd7ce"}
-{"question": "Is there are clear time frame for the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed", "sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl>. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedb4"}
-{"question": "How many times over are boats and aircrafts subjected to forces?", "paragraph": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "answer": "thousands", "sentence": "The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime.", "paragraph_sentence": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. <hl> The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. <hl> The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "paragraph_answer": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so <hl> thousands <hl> of times over the structure's lifetime. The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "sentence_answer": "The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so <hl> thousands <hl> of times over the structure's lifetime.", "paragraph_id": "5d678d0a2b22cd4dfcfbfe67"}
-{"question": "What was considered the first Slovene elected parliament by some historians?", "paragraph": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Ko\u010devje Assembly", "sentence": "Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. <hl> Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. <hl> The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider <hl> the Ko\u010devje Assembly <hl> to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Some historians consider <hl> the Ko\u010devje Assembly <hl> to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6796672b22cd4dfcfbfe97"}
-{"question": "Are major international labels interested in drum and bass?", "paragraph": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "answer": "have shown very little interest", "sentence": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. <hl> Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal <hl> have shown very little interest <hl> in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal <hl> have shown very little interest <hl> in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner.", "paragraph_id": "5d666ede2b22cd4dfcfbded3"}
-{"question": "Poland was initially invaded, starting World War II, during what month?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "September 1939", "sentence": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. <hl> In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in <hl> September 1939 <hl> by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in <hl> September 1939 <hl> by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf043"}
-{"question": "When was the Pitt Men's Glee Club founded?", "paragraph": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "answer": "1890", "sentence": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890 , is the oldest extracurricular club on campus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890 , is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. <hl> The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "paragraph_answer": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in <hl> 1890 <hl>, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "sentence_answer": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in <hl> 1890 <hl> , is the oldest extracurricular club on campus.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8092b22cd4dfcfbe836"}
-{"question": "when was Chattel slavery codified ?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "1656, and in 1662", "sentence": "Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662 , the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662 , the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in <hl> 1656, and in 1662 <hl>, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in <hl> 1656, and in 1662 <hl> , the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity.", "paragraph_id": "5d665ff92b22cd4dfcfbdcf2"}
-{"question": "What did the New York Times say should have be the hourly wage if it had kept up with the growth in average labor productivity?", "paragraph": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "answer": "$17", "sentence": "If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. <hl> If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about <hl> $17 <hl> an hour.\"", "sentence_answer": "If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about <hl> $17 <hl> an hour.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d67af792b22cd4dfcfbffac"}
-{"question": "Why did English do well in settling in the New World?", "paragraph": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially,  matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625.  From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "answer": "English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government", "sentence": "However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support.", "paragraph_sentence": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. <hl> However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. <hl> Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "paragraph_answer": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, <hl> English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government <hl> support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government <hl> support.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674e82b22cd4dfcfbdfb8"}
-{"question": "What must always be factored into a test?", "paragraph": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "answer": "rights, obligations or benefits", "sentence": " If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_sentence": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such <hl> rights, obligations or benefits <hl> exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "sentence_answer": " If such <hl> rights, obligations or benefits <hl> exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8e82b22cd4dfcfbcd6a"}
-{"question": "What is mainly the focus of the feminist movement in history?", "paragraph": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "answer": "women's consciousness-raising groups", "sentence": "The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups , disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women.", "paragraph_sentence": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. <hl> The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups , disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. <hl> Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "paragraph_answer": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and <hl> women's consciousness-raising groups <hl>, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "sentence_answer": "The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and <hl> women's consciousness-raising groups <hl> , disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eee62b22cd4dfcfbe5d7"}
-{"question": "What did the board of trustees for Mount Holyoke College decide in 1971?", "paragraph": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "answer": "Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college", "sentence": "On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. <hl> On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" <hl> Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "paragraph_answer": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that <hl> Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college <hl>, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "sentence_answer": "On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that <hl> Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college <hl> , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d677a752b22cd4dfcfbfcef"}
-{"question": "What Dutch city is Harlem named after?", "paragraph": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "answer": "Haarlem", "sentence": "Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem , a city in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). <hl> Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem , a city in the Netherlands. <hl> Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after <hl> Haarlem <hl>, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "sentence_answer": "Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after <hl> Haarlem <hl> , a city in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724a92b22cd4dfcfbf07e"}
-{"question": "Why is \"de\" used with the second part of the Alava surname?", "paragraph": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "answer": "local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava", "sentence": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava . <hl> While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a <hl> local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava <hl>. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "sentence_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a <hl> local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671aba2b22cd4dfcfbef55"}
-{"question": "How many winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable major party?", "paragraph": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "answer": "most winning candidates", "sentence": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. <hl> A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "paragraph_answer": "In short, <hl> most winning candidates <hl> have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "sentence_answer": "In short, <hl> most winning candidates <hl> have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success.", "paragraph_id": "5d6683732b22cd4dfcfbe166"}
-{"question": "What was the name of the Yugoslav Partisans operation that rescued over 100 Allied prisoners from the Germans in August 1944 called?", "paragraph": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "answer": "Raid at O\u017ebalt", "sentence": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt . <hl> In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the <hl> Raid at O\u017ebalt <hl>. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "sentence_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the <hl> Raid at O\u017ebalt <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bc0e2b22cd4dfcfc00f1"}
-{"question": "How the restrictions on bound variables to be seen ?", "paragraph": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\ny\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)}\n\n, in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)}\n\n, which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t  became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "answer": "by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z", "sentence": "The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_sentence": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. <hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained <hl> by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z <hl>, so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "sentence_answer": "The intended replacement can be obtained <hl> by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z <hl> , so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_id": "5d6605192b22cd4dfcfbd5c8"}
-{"question": "What did Hungary dispatch to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina?", "paragraph": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "answer": "Hungarian Third Army", "sentence": "Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje.", "paragraph_sentence": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. <hl> Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. <hl> Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "paragraph_answer": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the <hl> Hungarian Third Army <hl> to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "sentence_answer": "Hungary dispatched the <hl> Hungarian Third Army <hl> to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fca82b22cd4dfcfc04e5"}
-{"question": "How is knowledge articulated from a postmodern perspective?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "answer": "knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox", "sentence": "From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox .", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. <hl> From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox . <hl> Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective <hl> knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox <hl>. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "sentence_answer": "From a postmodern perspective <hl> knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6745a32b22cd4dfcfbf4a6"}
-{"question": "What is the major subclass of sphingoid base?", "paragraph": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms.", "answer": "Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases)", "sentence": "Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. <hl> Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. <hl> The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms.", "paragraph_answer": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. <hl> Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) <hl> are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) <hl> are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750602b22cd4dfcfbf682"}
-{"question": "Does all of Chile refrain from changing last names?", "paragraph": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "answer": "in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference,", "sentence": "However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "paragraph_sentence": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. <hl> However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. However, <hl> in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, <hl> as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, <hl> as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "paragraph_id": "5d675e1b2b22cd4dfcfbf8c3"}
-{"question": "Who does the Armenian church say gave them apostolic succession?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "answer": "Bartholomew and Thaddeus.", "sentence": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. <hl> Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles <hl> Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles <hl> Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_id": "5d6586b02b22cd4dfcfbc9fc"}
-{"question": "How has Indianapolis criminalized aspects of homelessness?", "paragraph": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "answer": "making panhandling a misdemeanor", "sentence": "The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. <hl> The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as <hl> making panhandling a misdemeanor <hl>; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "sentence_answer": "The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as <hl> making panhandling a misdemeanor <hl> ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "paragraph_id": "5d665ea32b22cd4dfcfbdccb"}
-{"question": "The Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line is operated by which company?", "paragraph": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury. Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018. A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line, will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts, serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor Locks, and Springfield, MA and the Vermonter runs from Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.", "answer": "the Metropolitan Transportation Authority", "sentence": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury. <hl> Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018. A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line, will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts, serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor Locks, and Springfield, MA and the Vermonter runs from Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.", "paragraph_answer": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by <hl> the Metropolitan Transportation Authority <hl> and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury. Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018. A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line, will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts, serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor Locks, and Springfield, MA and the Vermonter runs from Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.", "sentence_answer": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by <hl> the Metropolitan Transportation Authority <hl> and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury.", "paragraph_id": "5d667d8f2b22cd4dfcfbe099"}
-{"question": "Treating strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of what type of cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "answer": "rheumatic heart disease", "sentence": "Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease .", "paragraph_sentence": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. <hl> Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease . <hl> The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "paragraph_answer": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of <hl> rheumatic heart disease <hl>. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "sentence_answer": "Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of <hl> rheumatic heart disease <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66122a2b22cd4dfcfbd7ab"}
-{"question": "The strike caused production for The Sunday Times to shift to where?", "paragraph": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed.  The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "answer": "Wapping", "sentence": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping , and the strikers were dismissed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping , and the strikers were dismissed. <hl> The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "paragraph_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in <hl> Wapping <hl>, and the strikers were dismissed. The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "sentence_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in <hl> Wapping <hl> , and the strikers were dismissed.", "paragraph_id": "5d671aeb2b22cd4dfcfbef65"}
-{"question": "New architectural policy starting in the 1980s made the city center of Rotterdam more what?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre.\nRotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "answer": "livable", "sentence": "Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more ' livable ' city centre with a new skyline.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. <hl> Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more ' livable ' city centre with a new skyline. <hl> In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more '<hl> livable <hl>' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "sentence_answer": "Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more ' <hl> livable <hl> ' city centre with a new skyline.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b5ee2b22cd4dfcfbfff3"}
-{"question": "Why were wars perpetuated in the African region?", "paragraph": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "answer": "not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans", "sentence": "A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans , with a view to that object.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. <hl> A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans , with a view to that object.\" <hl> People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "paragraph_answer": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating <hl> not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans <hl>, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "sentence_answer": "A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating <hl> not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans <hl> , with a view to that object.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d669efd2b22cd4dfcfbe362"}
-{"question": "What new philosophical period was adopted by the high class colonist?", "paragraph": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "answer": "Enlightenment", "sentence": "This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment .", "paragraph_sentence": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. <hl> This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment . <hl> To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the <hl> Enlightenment <hl>. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "sentence_answer": "This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the <hl> Enlightenment <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6632612b22cd4dfcfbdaca"}
-{"question": "What component of fatty acids are considered lipids?", "paragraph": "Although the term lipid is sometimes used as a synonym for fats, fats are a subgroup of lipids called triglycerides. Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other sterol-containing metabolites such as cholesterol. Although humans and other mammals use various biosynthetic pathways both to break down and to synthesize lipids, some essential lipids cannot be made this way and must be obtained from the diet.", "answer": "sterol-containing metabolites such as cholesterol", "sentence": "Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other sterol-containing metabolites such as cholesterol .", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the term lipid is sometimes used as a synonym for fats, fats are a subgroup of lipids called triglycerides. <hl> Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other sterol-containing metabolites such as cholesterol . <hl> Although humans and other mammals use various biosynthetic pathways both to break down and to synthesize lipids, some essential lipids cannot be made this way and must be obtained from the diet.", "paragraph_answer": "Although the term lipid is sometimes used as a synonym for fats, fats are a subgroup of lipids called triglycerides. Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other <hl> sterol-containing metabolites such as cholesterol <hl>. Although humans and other mammals use various biosynthetic pathways both to break down and to synthesize lipids, some essential lipids cannot be made this way and must be obtained from the diet.", "sentence_answer": "Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other <hl> sterol-containing metabolites such as cholesterol <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8172b22cd4dfcfc02f8"}
-{"question": "What is Connecticut's state nickname?", "paragraph": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "answer": "the \"Constitution State\"", "sentence": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\" . <hl> While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut is known as <hl> the \"Constitution State\" <hl>. While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut is known as <hl> the \"Constitution State\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667bf52b22cd4dfcfbe078"}
-{"question": "Is formula 5 a logical consequence of formula 2?", "paragraph": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "answer": "formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2", "sentence": "In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). <hl> In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore <hl> formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore <hl> formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d663db92b22cd4dfcfbdb65"}
-{"question": "What can two afocal lense form?", "paragraph": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "answer": "the simplest type of optical telescope", "sentence": "Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope .", "paragraph_sentence": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. <hl> Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope . <hl> Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "paragraph_answer": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. Two lenses at this separation form <hl> the simplest type of optical telescope <hl>. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "sentence_answer": "Two lenses at this separation form <hl> the simplest type of optical telescope <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6702062b22cd4dfcfbea22"}
-{"question": "What popular description is given to the area known as Clinton?", "paragraph": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "answer": "Hell's Kitchen", "sentence": "Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen , alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. <hl> Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen , alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as <hl> Hell's Kitchen <hl>, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "sentence_answer": "Some have simple folkloric names, such as <hl> Hell's Kitchen <hl> , alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "paragraph_id": "5d6724a92b22cd4dfcfbf080"}
-{"question": "How is an object at the focal length distance from the lens imaged?", "paragraph": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "answer": "at infinity", "sentence": "In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity .", "paragraph_sentence": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. <hl> In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity . <hl> The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "paragraph_answer": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged <hl> at infinity <hl>. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "sentence_answer": "In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged <hl> at infinity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678bc92b22cd4dfcfbfe41"}
-{"question": "What makes for a theoretically possible theorem be difficult to find derivations?", "paragraph": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "answer": "computationally infeasible", "sentence": "Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics.", "paragraph_sentence": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. <hl> Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. <hl> Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "paragraph_answer": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but <hl> computationally infeasible <hl> for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "sentence_answer": "Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but <hl> computationally infeasible <hl> for many systems of interest in mathematics.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674c32b22cd4dfcfbdfb1"}
-{"question": "How much material was removed from the area during the building of the World Trade Center?", "paragraph": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "answer": "1.2 million cubic yards", "sentence": "When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. <hl> When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. <hl> Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "paragraph_answer": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, <hl> 1.2 million cubic yards <hl> (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "sentence_answer": "When building the World Trade Center in 1968, <hl> 1.2 million cubic yards <hl> (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site.", "paragraph_id": "5d6720db2b22cd4dfcfbefff"}
-{"question": "What type of music do postmodern composers create?", "paragraph": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "answer": "music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies", "sentence": "Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. <hl> Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. <hl> Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "paragraph_answer": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing <hl> music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies <hl>, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "sentence_answer": "Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing <hl> music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies <hl> , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723b22b22cd4dfcfbf05e"}
-{"question": "When did the Silahtaraga plant begin operation?", "paragraph": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "answer": "1914", "sentence": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914 , when its first engine room was completed, and 1952.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914 , when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. <hl> Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "paragraph_answer": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between <hl> 1914 <hl>, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "sentence_answer": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between <hl> 1914 <hl> , when its first engine room was completed, and 1952.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6aa2b22cd4dfcfbd437"}
-{"question": "Who approves the Doctorate in Medicine program?", "paragraph": "In Argentina the First Degree of Physician or Physician Diplomate (T\u00edtulo de M\u00e9dico) is equivalent to the North American M. D. Degree with six years of intensive studies followed by usually three or four years of residency as a major specialty in a particular empiric field, consisting of internships, social services and sporadic research. Only by holding a Medical Title can the postgraduate student apply for the Doctor degree through a Doctorate in Medicine program approved by the National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation.", "answer": "National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation", "sentence": "Only by holding a Medical Title can the postgraduate student apply for the Doctor degree through a Doctorate in Medicine program approved by the National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Argentina the First Degree of Physician or Physician Diplomate (T\u00edtulo de M\u00e9dico) is equivalent to the North American M. D. Degree with six years of intensive studies followed by usually three or four years of residency as a major specialty in a particular empiric field, consisting of internships, social services and sporadic research. <hl> Only by holding a Medical Title can the postgraduate student apply for the Doctor degree through a Doctorate in Medicine program approved by the National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Argentina the First Degree of Physician or Physician Diplomate (T\u00edtulo de M\u00e9dico) is equivalent to the North American M. D. Degree with six years of intensive studies followed by usually three or four years of residency as a major specialty in a particular empiric field, consisting of internships, social services and sporadic research. Only by holding a Medical Title can the postgraduate student apply for the Doctor degree through a Doctorate in Medicine program approved by the <hl> National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Only by holding a Medical Title can the postgraduate student apply for the Doctor degree through a Doctorate in Medicine program approved by the <hl> National Commission for University Evaluation and Accreditation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6690e82b22cd4dfcfbe27e"}
-{"question": "When did employment rates begin to rise after Obama's policies took effect?", "paragraph": "As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. Monthly job losses began slowing shortly thereafter. By March 2010, employment again began to rise. From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million.", "answer": "March 2010", "sentence": "By March 2010 , employment again began to rise.", "paragraph_sentence": "As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. Monthly job losses began slowing shortly thereafter. <hl> By March 2010 , employment again began to rise. <hl> From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million.", "paragraph_answer": "As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. Monthly job losses began slowing shortly thereafter. By <hl> March 2010 <hl>, employment again began to rise. From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million.", "sentence_answer": "By <hl> March 2010 <hl> , employment again began to rise.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca032b22cd4dfcfc0226"}
-{"question": "What is car is currently built in Oxford?", "paragraph": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "answer": "Mini for BMW", "sentence": "Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site.", "paragraph_sentence": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". <hl> Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. <hl> A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "paragraph_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful <hl> Mini for BMW <hl> on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "sentence_answer": "Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful <hl> Mini for BMW <hl> on a smaller site.", "paragraph_id": "5d6761932b22cd4dfcfbf959"}
-{"question": "Space shuttle is an example of what type of aerospace structure?", "paragraph": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "answer": "Hypersonic vehicles", "sentence": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). <hl> Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "paragraph_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), <hl> Hypersonic vehicles <hl> (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "sentence_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), <hl> Hypersonic vehicles <hl> (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11).", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc82b22cd4dfcfbfe5e"}
-{"question": "Kidnapped Africans brought into Jamestown, Virginia were not initially considered slaves but what?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "indentured servants", "sentence": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. <hl> These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as <hl> indentured servants <hl> and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as <hl> indentured servants <hl> and freed after seven years.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667292b22cd4dfcfbddfb"}
-{"question": "What did much of the 2012 presidential election focus on?", "paragraph": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "answer": "job creation", "sentence": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. <hl> Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the <hl> job creation <hl> rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "sentence_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the <hl> job creation <hl> rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707c42b22cd4dfcfbeb4e"}
-{"question": "What does the Republic party reject altogether as a means to limit carbon emissions?", "paragraph": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "answer": "cap-and-trade policy", "sentence": "The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. <hl> The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. <hl> Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "paragraph_answer": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects <hl> cap-and-trade policy <hl> to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "sentence_answer": "The Republican party rejects <hl> cap-and-trade policy <hl> to limit carbon emissions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6744072b22cd4dfcfbf467"}
-{"question": "What does the amount of tin in the pipe defines?", "paragraph": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious  \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "answer": "the pipe's tone", "sentence": "The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone , since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious  \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. <hl> The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone , since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. <hl> This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "paragraph_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines <hl> the pipe's tone <hl>, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "sentence_answer": "The amount of tin in the pipe defines <hl> the pipe's tone <hl> , since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect.", "paragraph_id": "5d67be542b22cd4dfcfc0128"}
-{"question": "In pairing function theories, functions of arity greater than what number can be dispensed?", "paragraph": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "answer": "2", "sentence": "One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. <hl> One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. <hl> This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "paragraph_answer": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than <hl> 2 <hl> and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "sentence_answer": "One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than <hl> 2 <hl> and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ebbf2b22cd4dfcfbe54c"}
-{"question": "In what area was slavery not confined to people belonging to a minority ethnicity or faith group?", "paragraph": "Forms of slavery varied both in Africa and in the New World. In general, slavery in Africa was not heritable \u2013 that is, the children of slaves were free \u2013 while in the Americas, children of slave mothers were considered born into slavery. This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "answer": "West Africa", "sentence": "This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "paragraph_sentence": "Forms of slavery varied both in Africa and in the New World. In general, slavery in Africa was not heritable \u2013 that is, the children of slaves were free \u2013 while in the Americas, children of slave mothers were considered born into slavery. <hl> This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Forms of slavery varied both in Africa and in the New World. In general, slavery in Africa was not heritable \u2013 that is, the children of slaves were free \u2013 while in the Americas, children of slave mothers were considered born into slavery. This was connected to another distinction: slavery in <hl> West Africa <hl> was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "sentence_answer": "This was connected to another distinction: slavery in <hl> West Africa <hl> was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "paragraph_id": "5d66453d2b22cd4dfcfbdbc8"}
-{"question": "What is the annual traditional event held in the spring?", "paragraph": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"Bigelow Bash\". These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "answer": "Bigelow Bash", "sentence": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \" Bigelow Bash \".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \" Bigelow Bash \". <hl> These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "paragraph_answer": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \"<hl> Bigelow Bash <hl>\". These festivals are held by the Pitt Program Council between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning and involve a range of activities, novelties, and bands. Related to graduation, there is Honors Convocation, where awards and recognition are bestowed upon students, faculty, alumni, and staff throughout the schools and departments of the university. Also, the \"Panther Sendoff\" is a free annual reception typically held in Alumni Hall to congratulate each year's graduating class and wish them well. A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees.", "sentence_answer": "Annual traditional events include \"Fall Fest\", and in the spring, \" <hl> Bigelow Bash <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d676bb32b22cd4dfcfbfad4"}
-{"question": "Raising what would allow households to spend more?", "paragraph": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "answer": "minimum wage", "sentence": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. <hl> Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Raising the <hl> minimum wage <hl> would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "sentence_answer": "Raising the <hl> minimum wage <hl> would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest.", "paragraph_id": "5d67af792b22cd4dfcfbffa8"}
-{"question": "What area receives the most precipitation?", "paragraph": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "answer": "Tamenglong", "sentence": "Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong .", "paragraph_sentence": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). <hl> Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong . <hl> The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in <hl> Tamenglong <hl>. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in <hl> Tamenglong <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6710392b22cd4dfcfbed11"}
-{"question": "What was the Public Law number that is connected to the HEARTH ACT and renewed HUD's homeless aided programs?", "paragraph": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "answer": "Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"", "sentence": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law ( Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\" ), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law ( Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\" ), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. <hl> It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "paragraph_answer": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (<hl> Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\" <hl>), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "sentence_answer": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law ( <hl> Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\" <hl> ), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f51e2b22cd4dfcfbd3f6"}
-{"question": "What is the process of creating float glass called?", "paragraph": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "answer": "Pilkington process", "sentence": "This is called the \" Pilkington process \".", "paragraph_sentence": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. <hl> This is called the \" Pilkington process \". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"<hl> Pilkington process <hl>\".", "sentence_answer": "This is called the \" <hl> Pilkington process <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d67c0dc2b22cd4dfcfc0169"}
-{"question": "What historical fountain is located near Pitt's campus?", "paragraph": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "answer": "Schenley Fountain", "sentence": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain , Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain , Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. <hl> Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "paragraph_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the <hl> Schenley Fountain <hl>, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "sentence_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the <hl> Schenley Fountain <hl> , Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705222b22cd4dfcfbeabe"}
-{"question": "How many New York residents experienced an electrical power failure due to Hurricane Sandy?", "paragraph": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "answer": "hundreds of thousands", "sentence": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. <hl> The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "paragraph_answer": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for <hl> hundreds of thousands <hl> of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "sentence_answer": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for <hl> hundreds of thousands <hl> of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d671b422b22cd4dfcfbef70"}
-{"question": "What is the last league listed?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "answer": "Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League", "sentence": "While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. <hl> While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. <hl> The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, <hl> Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League <hl>, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "sentence_answer": "While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, <hl> Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League <hl> , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams.", "paragraph_id": "5d668fb42b22cd4dfcfbe263"}
-{"question": "Who was the former prime minister?", "paragraph": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "answer": "Gordon Brown", "sentence": "Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records.", "paragraph_sentence": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. <hl> Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. <hl> Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "paragraph_answer": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister <hl> Gordon Brown <hl> accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "sentence_answer": "Former British prime minister <hl> Gordon Brown <hl> accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750132b22cd4dfcfbf677"}
-{"question": "how many Green seats are on the crossbench?", "paragraph": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "answer": "18", "sentence": "The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. <hl> The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. <hl> The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "paragraph_answer": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of <hl> 18 <hl> consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "sentence_answer": "The crossbench of <hl> 18 <hl> consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6412b22cd4dfcfbcc9f"}
-{"question": "Other than the people on the planes, how many people were killed in the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11th?", "paragraph": "On September 11, 2001, two of four hijacked planes were flown into the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center, and the towers subsequently collapsed. 7 World Trade Center collapsed due to fires and structural damage caused by heavy debris falling from the collapse of the Twin Towers. The other buildings within the World Trade Center complex were damaged beyond repair and soon after demolished. The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of 2,606 people, in addition to those on the planes. Since 2001, most of Lower Manhattan has been restored, but there has been controversy surrounding the rebuilding. However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. A memorial at the site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, and the museum opened in 2014. In 2014, the new One World Trade Center, at 1,776 feet (541 m)* and formerly known as the Freedom Tower, became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, while other skyscrapers were under construction at the site.", "answer": "2,606", "sentence": "The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of 2,606 people, in addition to those on the planes.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 11, 2001, two of four hijacked planes were flown into the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center, and the towers subsequently collapsed. 7 World Trade Center collapsed due to fires and structural damage caused by heavy debris falling from the collapse of the Twin Towers. The other buildings within the World Trade Center complex were damaged beyond repair and soon after demolished. <hl> The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of 2,606 people, in addition to those on the planes. <hl> Since 2001, most of Lower Manhattan has been restored, but there has been controversy surrounding the rebuilding. However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. A memorial at the site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, and the museum opened in 2014. In 2014, the new One World Trade Center, at 1,776 feet (541 m)* and formerly known as the Freedom Tower, became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, while other skyscrapers were under construction at the site.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 11, 2001, two of four hijacked planes were flown into the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center, and the towers subsequently collapsed. 7 World Trade Center collapsed due to fires and structural damage caused by heavy debris falling from the collapse of the Twin Towers. The other buildings within the World Trade Center complex were damaged beyond repair and soon after demolished. The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of <hl> 2,606 <hl> people, in addition to those on the planes. Since 2001, most of Lower Manhattan has been restored, but there has been controversy surrounding the rebuilding. However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. A memorial at the site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, and the museum opened in 2014. In 2014, the new One World Trade Center, at 1,776 feet (541 m)* and formerly known as the Freedom Tower, became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, while other skyscrapers were under construction at the site.", "sentence_answer": "The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of <hl> 2,606 <hl> people, in addition to those on the planes.", "paragraph_id": "5d67129c2b22cd4dfcfbee08"}
-{"question": "Prior to the 20th century, what were most reed's made from?", "paragraph": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "answer": "Arundo donax cane", "sentence": "Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. <hl> Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. <hl> Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. Most saxophonists use reeds made from <hl> Arundo donax cane <hl>, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "sentence_answer": "Most saxophonists use reeds made from <hl> Arundo donax cane <hl> , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9862b22cd4dfcfc0092"}
-{"question": "What is a physician with an MBBS degree called?", "paragraph": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctorates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "answer": "doctor", "sentence": "Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctor ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners.", "paragraph_sentence": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. <hl> Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctor ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. <hl> In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "paragraph_answer": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold <hl> doctor <hl>ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "sentence_answer": "Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold <hl> doctor <hl> ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners.", "paragraph_id": "5d6624de2b22cd4dfcfbd9ef"}
-{"question": "When did The Sunday Times publish its first major campaigning report on Thalidomide?", "paragraph": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "answer": "19 May 1968", "sentence": "On 19 May 1968 , the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn.", "paragraph_sentence": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. <hl> On 19 May 1968 , the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. <hl> The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "paragraph_answer": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On <hl> 19 May 1968 <hl>, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> 19 May 1968 <hl> , the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn.", "paragraph_id": "5d67735b2b22cd4dfcfbfc30"}
-{"question": "How many supporters did the Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claim?", "paragraph": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments.  About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka.  After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "answer": "6,000,000", "sentence": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. <hl> The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "paragraph_answer": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed <hl> 6,000,000 <hl> civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "sentence_answer": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed <hl> 6,000,000 <hl> civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725882b22cd4dfcfbf0a0"}
-{"question": "Mirror neurons fire in imitation of what?", "paragraph": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "answer": "the action being observed", "sentence": "The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. <hl> The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. <hl> Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "paragraph_answer": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of <hl> the action being observed <hl>, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "sentence_answer": "The neurons fire in imitation of <hl> the action being observed <hl> , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c502b22cd4dfcfbf575"}
-{"question": "What does the phrase \"melting pot\" refer to?", "paragraph": "The borough has a place in several American idioms. The phrase a New York minute is meant to convey a very short time, sometimes in hyperbolic form, as in \"perhaps faster than you would believe is possible\". It refers to the rapid pace of life in Manhattan. The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908. The iconic Flatiron Building is said to have been the source of the phrase \"23 skidoo\" or scram, from what cops would shout at men who tried to get glimpses of women's dresses being blown up by the winds created by the triangular building. The \"Big Apple\" dates back to the 1920s, when a reporter heard the term used by New Orleans stablehands to refer to New York City's racetracks and named his racing column \"Around The Big Apple.\" Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a 1970s ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "answer": "the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play", "sentence": "The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908.", "paragraph_sentence": "The borough has a place in several American idioms. The phrase a New York minute is meant to convey a very short time, sometimes in hyperbolic form, as in \"perhaps faster than you would believe is possible\". It refers to the rapid pace of life in Manhattan. <hl> The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908. <hl> The iconic Flatiron Building is said to have been the source of the phrase \"23 skidoo\" or scram, from what cops would shout at men who tried to get glimpses of women's dresses being blown up by the winds created by the triangular building. The \"Big Apple\" dates back to the 1920s, when a reporter heard the term used by New Orleans stablehands to refer to New York City's racetracks and named his racing column \"Around The Big Apple.\" Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a 1970s ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "paragraph_answer": "The borough has a place in several American idioms. The phrase a New York minute is meant to convey a very short time, sometimes in hyperbolic form, as in \"perhaps faster than you would believe is possible\". It refers to the rapid pace of life in Manhattan. The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe <hl> the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play <hl> The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908. The iconic Flatiron Building is said to have been the source of the phrase \"23 skidoo\" or scram, from what cops would shout at men who tried to get glimpses of women's dresses being blown up by the winds created by the triangular building. The \"Big Apple\" dates back to the 1920s, when a reporter heard the term used by New Orleans stablehands to refer to New York City's racetracks and named his racing column \"Around The Big Apple.\" Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a 1970s ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "sentence_answer": "The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe <hl> the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play <hl> The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908.", "paragraph_id": "5d67196f2b22cd4dfcfbef39"}
-{"question": "When X and Y are finite and of size |X| and |Y|, then what is the number of functions X  \u2192 Y?", "paragraph": "The set of all functions from a set X to a set Y is denoted by X \u2192 Y, by [X \u2192 Y], or by YX. The latter notation is motivated by the fact that, when X and Y are finite and of size |X| and |Y|, then the number of functions X  \u2192 Y is |YX| = |Y||X|. This is an example of the convention from enumerative combinatorics that provides notations for sets based on their cardinalities. If X is infinite and there is more than one element in Y then there are uncountably many functions from X to Y, though only countably many of them can be expressed with a formula or algorithm.", "answer": "|YX| = |Y||X|", "sentence": "The latter notation is motivated by the fact that, when X and Y are finite and of size |X| and |Y|, then the number of functions X  \u2192 Y is |YX| = |Y||X| .", "paragraph_sentence": "The set of all functions from a set X to a set Y is denoted by X \u2192 Y, by [X \u2192 Y], or by YX. <hl> The latter notation is motivated by the fact that, when X and Y are finite and of size |X| and |Y|, then the number of functions X \u2192 Y is |YX| = |Y||X| . <hl> This is an example of the convention from enumerative combinatorics that provides notations for sets based on their cardinalities. If X is infinite and there is more than one element in Y then there are uncountably many functions from X to Y, though only countably many of them can be expressed with a formula or algorithm.", "paragraph_answer": "The set of all functions from a set X to a set Y is denoted by X \u2192 Y, by [X \u2192 Y], or by YX. The latter notation is motivated by the fact that, when X and Y are finite and of size |X| and |Y|, then the number of functions X \u2192 Y is <hl> |YX| = |Y||X| <hl>. This is an example of the convention from enumerative combinatorics that provides notations for sets based on their cardinalities. If X is infinite and there is more than one element in Y then there are uncountably many functions from X to Y, though only countably many of them can be expressed with a formula or algorithm.", "sentence_answer": "The latter notation is motivated by the fact that, when X and Y are finite and of size |X| and |Y|, then the number of functions X \u2192 Y is <hl> |YX| = |Y||X| <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660eba2b22cd4dfcfbd74f"}
-{"question": "Which city is considered by many as having the highest amount of homeless people?", "paragraph": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "answer": "Chicago", "sentence": "Over the years, the city of Chicago , Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Over the years, the city of Chicago , Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. <hl> The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "paragraph_answer": "Over the years, the city of <hl> Chicago <hl>, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "sentence_answer": "Over the years, the city of <hl> Chicago <hl> , Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fe612b22cd4dfcfbd50e"}
-{"question": "What does Dominium maris baltici mean?", "paragraph": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"Lordship over the Baltic Sea\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "answer": "Lordship over the Baltic Sea", "sentence": "In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\" Lordship over the Baltic Sea \").", "paragraph_sentence": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. <hl> In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\" Lordship over the Baltic Sea \"). <hl> Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "paragraph_answer": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"<hl> Lordship over the Baltic Sea <hl>\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "sentence_answer": "In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\" <hl> Lordship over the Baltic Sea <hl> \").", "paragraph_id": "5d665f202b22cd4dfcfbdcd3"}
-{"question": "Which city in the Netherlands has the largest amount of foreigners from third world countries?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "answer": "Rotterdam", "sentence": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. <hl> They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, <hl> Rotterdam <hl> has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "sentence_answer": "In the Netherlands, <hl> Rotterdam <hl> has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b90e2b22cd4dfcfc0074"}
-{"question": "Many figures keep heads in what type of relief?", "paragraph": "The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work. In particular, most later \"high reliefs\" contain sections in low relief, usually in the background. From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, many single figures have heads in high relief, but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery).  As unfinished examples from various periods show, raised reliefs, whether high or low, were normally \"blocked out\" by marking the outline of the figure and reducing the background areas to the new background level, work no doubt performed by apprentices (see gallery).", "answer": "many single figures have heads in high relief", "sentence": "From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, many single figures have heads in high relief , but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery).", "paragraph_sentence": "The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work. In particular, most later \"high reliefs\" contain sections in low relief, usually in the background. <hl> From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, many single figures have heads in high relief , but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery). <hl> As unfinished examples from various periods show, raised reliefs, whether high or low, were normally \"blocked out\" by marking the outline of the figure and reducing the background areas to the new background level, work no doubt performed by apprentices (see gallery).", "paragraph_answer": "The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work. In particular, most later \"high reliefs\" contain sections in low relief, usually in the background. From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, <hl> many single figures have heads in high relief <hl>, but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery). As unfinished examples from various periods show, raised reliefs, whether high or low, were normally \"blocked out\" by marking the outline of the figure and reducing the background areas to the new background level, work no doubt performed by apprentices (see gallery).", "sentence_answer": "From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, <hl> many single figures have heads in high relief <hl> , but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f7252b22cd4dfcfbe816"}
-{"question": "Which one of Pitt's departments is renowned worldwide for a long time?", "paragraph": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "answer": "Department of Philosophy", "sentence": "Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy , which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. <hl> Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy , which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's <hl> Department of Philosophy <hl>, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "sentence_answer": "Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's <hl> Department of Philosophy <hl> , which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99c2b22cd4dfcfc0098"}
-{"question": "Under what are all States equal in international law?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "in the Westphalian sense", "sentence": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign <hl> in the Westphalian sense <hl> in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign <hl> in the Westphalian sense <hl> in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbca"}
-{"question": "How much is the ratio among unaffiliated voters on the Republican side?", "paragraph": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "answer": "for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party", "sentence": "As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. <hl> As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and <hl> for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and <hl> for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6680b52b22cd4dfcfbe0ed"}
-{"question": "Is there are clear time frame for the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed", "sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl>. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712412b22cd4dfcfbed82"}
-{"question": "The Byzantines increased the size of what two churches in what is now known as Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "answer": "Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church", "sentence": "After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church .", "paragraph_sentence": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. <hl> After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church . <hl> The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "paragraph_answer": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, <hl> Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church <hl>. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "sentence_answer": "After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, <hl> Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5a62b22cd4dfcfbd1b0"}
-{"question": "where was the report published?", "paragraph": "A 2011 study led by Dr. Rebecca T. Brown in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\". The report was published in the Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine.", "answer": "Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine", "sentence": "The report was published in the Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine .", "paragraph_sentence": "A 2011 study led by Dr. Rebecca T. Brown in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\". <hl> The report was published in the Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A 2011 study led by Dr. Rebecca T. Brown in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\". The report was published in the <hl> Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The report was published in the <hl> Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666cd72b22cd4dfcfbdea4"}
-{"question": "What is the UK garage style also known as?", "paragraph": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "answer": "speed garage", "sentence": "But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles.", "paragraph_sentence": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. <hl> But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. <hl> Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "paragraph_answer": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as <hl> speed garage <hl> yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "sentence_answer": "But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as <hl> speed garage <hl> yielded several hit singles.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a84f2b22cd4dfcfbe3c7"}
-{"question": "What capacity must the design of a column check?", "paragraph": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force -  compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a beam-column but practically, just a column). The design of a column must check the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity.", "answer": "the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity", "sentence": "The design of a column must check the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity .", "paragraph_sentence": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force - compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a beam-column but practically, just a column). <hl> The design of a column must check the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force - compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a beam-column but practically, just a column). The design of a column must check <hl> the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The design of a column must check <hl> the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6819dd2b22cd4dfcfc05ba"}
-{"question": "What type of cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with cold surfaces?", "paragraph": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.  Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath.  Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "answer": "Conductive", "sentence": "Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). <hl> Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. <hl> Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "paragraph_answer": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). <hl> Conductive <hl> cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Conductive <hl> cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ce8a2b22cd4dfcfc025e"}
-{"question": "What was the result of the disagreements with foreign policy?", "paragraph": "In 1947\u201348, the Soviet Union attempted to command obedience from Yugoslavia, primarily on issues of foreign policy, which resulted in the Tito-Stalin split and almost ignited an armed conflict. A period of very cool relations with the Soviet Union followed, during which the U.S. and the UK considered courting Yugoslavia into the newly formed NATO. This however changed in 1953 with the Trieste crisis, a tense dispute between Yugoslavia and the Western Allies over the eventual Yugoslav-Italian border (see Free Territory of Trieste), and with Yugoslav-Soviet reconciliation in 1956. This ambivalent position at the start of the Cold War matured into the non-aligned foreign policy which Yugoslavia actively espoused until its dissolution.", "answer": "Tito-Stalin split", "sentence": "In 1947\u201348, the Soviet Union attempted to command obedience from Yugoslavia, primarily on issues of foreign policy, which resulted in the Tito-Stalin split and almost ignited an armed conflict.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1947\u201348, the Soviet Union attempted to command obedience from Yugoslavia, primarily on issues of foreign policy, which resulted in the Tito-Stalin split and almost ignited an armed conflict. <hl> A period of very cool relations with the Soviet Union followed, during which the U.S. and the UK considered courting Yugoslavia into the newly formed NATO. This however changed in 1953 with the Trieste crisis, a tense dispute between Yugoslavia and the Western Allies over the eventual Yugoslav-Italian border (see Free Territory of Trieste), and with Yugoslav-Soviet reconciliation in 1956. This ambivalent position at the start of the Cold War matured into the non-aligned foreign policy which Yugoslavia actively espoused until its dissolution.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1947\u201348, the Soviet Union attempted to command obedience from Yugoslavia, primarily on issues of foreign policy, which resulted in the <hl> Tito-Stalin split <hl> and almost ignited an armed conflict. A period of very cool relations with the Soviet Union followed, during which the U.S. and the UK considered courting Yugoslavia into the newly formed NATO. This however changed in 1953 with the Trieste crisis, a tense dispute between Yugoslavia and the Western Allies over the eventual Yugoslav-Italian border (see Free Territory of Trieste), and with Yugoslav-Soviet reconciliation in 1956. This ambivalent position at the start of the Cold War matured into the non-aligned foreign policy which Yugoslavia actively espoused until its dissolution.", "sentence_answer": "In 1947\u201348, the Soviet Union attempted to command obedience from Yugoslavia, primarily on issues of foreign policy, which resulted in the <hl> Tito-Stalin split <hl> and almost ignited an armed conflict.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c9aa2b22cd4dfcfc021b"}
-{"question": "What continental mass had its central region exposed to easy attacks?", "paragraph": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "answer": "Eurasian", "sentence": "Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent.", "paragraph_sentence": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. <hl> Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. <hl> Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the <hl> Eurasian <hl> continent. Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "sentence_answer": "Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the <hl> Eurasian <hl> continent.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2c72b22cd4dfcfc02b6"}
-{"question": "Some Republicans support added oil drilling where?", "paragraph": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "answer": "in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge", "sentence": "Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge , a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "paragraph_sentence": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. <hl> Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge , a position that has drawn criticism from activists. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling <hl> in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge <hl>, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "sentence_answer": "Some Republicans support increased oil drilling <hl> in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge <hl> , a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "paragraph_id": "5d6744072b22cd4dfcfbf468"}
-{"question": "Ethical subjectivism claims that morality comes from what?", "paragraph": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively.", "answer": "hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being", "sentence": "For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being , respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. <hl> For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being , respectively. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the <hl> hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being <hl>, respectively.", "sentence_answer": "For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the <hl> hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being <hl> , respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701d52b22cd4dfcfbea11"}
-{"question": "Who was the leader of the Bolshevik faction?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation. However the basis for elements of Marxism\u2013Leninism predate this. Marxism\u2013Leninism descends from the Bolshevik (\"Majority\") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik faction led by Lenin advocated an active, politically committed vanguard party membership while opposing trade union based membership of social democratic parties. The Bolsheviks supported a vanguard Marxist party composed of active militants committed to socialism who would initiate communist revolution. The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders.", "answer": "Lenin", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013 Lenin ism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013 Lenin ism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation. <hl> However the basis for elements of Marxism\u2013Leninism predate this. Marxism\u2013Leninism descends from the Bolshevik (\"Majority\") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik faction led by Lenin advocated an active, politically committed vanguard party membership while opposing trade union based membership of social democratic parties. The Bolsheviks supported a vanguard Marxist party composed of active militants committed to socialism who would initiate communist revolution. The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013<hl> Lenin <hl>ism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation. However the basis for elements of Marxism\u2013Leninism predate this. Marxism\u2013Leninism descends from the Bolshevik (\"Majority\") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik faction led by Lenin advocated an active, politically committed vanguard party membership while opposing trade union based membership of social democratic parties. The Bolsheviks supported a vanguard Marxist party composed of active militants committed to socialism who would initiate communist revolution. The Bolsheviks advocated the policy of democratic centralism that would allow members to elect their leaders and decide policy but that once policy was set, members would be obligated to have complete loyalty in their leaders.", "sentence_answer": "Marxism\u2013 <hl> Lenin <hl> ism was created after Lenin's death during the regime of Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, but continued to be the official ideology of the Soviet Communist Party after de-Stalinisation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6709182b22cd4dfcfbeb73"}
-{"question": "Habitative elements may have different meanings according to what?", "paragraph": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "answer": "different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements", "sentence": "The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements .", "paragraph_sentence": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. <hl> The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements . <hl> For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "paragraph_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to <hl> different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements <hl>. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "sentence_answer": "The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to <hl> different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6739a42b22cd4dfcfbf303"}
-{"question": "What is the relationship between liquid and amount of energy released?", "paragraph": "The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz  to a few hundred GHz. Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates.", "answer": "larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy.", "sentence": "Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz to a few hundred GHz. <hl> Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. <hl> Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates.", "paragraph_answer": "The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz to a few hundred GHz. Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with <hl> larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. <hl> Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates.", "sentence_answer": "Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with <hl> larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. <hl> Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6778842b22cd4dfcfbfcbb"}
-{"question": "What was the original name for Pitt?", "paragraph": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "answer": "Pittsburgh Academy", "sentence": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. <hl> It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "paragraph_answer": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as <hl> Pittsburgh Academy <hl> in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "sentence_answer": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as <hl> Pittsburgh Academy <hl> in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb8e2b22cd4dfcfbe8e9"}
-{"question": "Who was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War?", "paragraph": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "answer": "James H. Ward of Hartford", "sentence": "James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. <hl> James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. <hl> Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. <hl> James H. Ward of Hartford <hl> was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> James H. Ward of Hartford <hl> was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War.", "paragraph_id": "5d6627462b22cd4dfcfbda2d"}
-{"question": "What kind of coordinates have many uses in the real world?", "paragraph": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world.  However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application.  1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates.  2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "answer": "Cartesian", "sentence": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world. <hl> However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates. 2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cartesian <hl> coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world. However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates. 2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cartesian <hl> coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world.", "paragraph_id": "5d6677952b22cd4dfcfbe014"}
-{"question": "What has been featured as a backdrop for several films?", "paragraph": "The first film screening in Turkey was at Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace in 1896, a year after the technology publicly debuted in Paris. Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyo\u011flu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as \u0130stiklal Avenue. Istanbul also became the heart of Turkey's nascent film industry, although Turkish films were not consistently developed until the 1950s. Since then, Istanbul has been the most popular location to film Turkish dramas and comedies. The Turkish film industry ramped up in the second half of the century, and with Uzak (2002) and My Father and My Son (2005), both filmed in Istanbul, the nation's movies began to see substantial international success. Istanbul and its picturesque skyline have also served as a backdrop for several foreign films, including Topkapi (1964), The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Mission Istaanbul (2008).", "answer": "Istanbul and its picturesque skyline", "sentence": "Istanbul and its picturesque skyline have also served as a backdrop for several foreign films, including Topkapi (1964), The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Mission Istaanbul (2008).", "paragraph_sentence": "The first film screening in Turkey was at Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace in 1896, a year after the technology publicly debuted in Paris. Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyo\u011flu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as \u0130stiklal Avenue. Istanbul also became the heart of Turkey's nascent film industry, although Turkish films were not consistently developed until the 1950s. Since then, Istanbul has been the most popular location to film Turkish dramas and comedies. The Turkish film industry ramped up in the second half of the century, and with Uzak (2002) and My Father and My Son (2005), both filmed in Istanbul, the nation's movies began to see substantial international success. <hl> Istanbul and its picturesque skyline have also served as a backdrop for several foreign films, including Topkapi (1964), The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Mission Istaanbul (2008). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The first film screening in Turkey was at Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace in 1896, a year after the technology publicly debuted in Paris. Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyo\u011flu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as \u0130stiklal Avenue. Istanbul also became the heart of Turkey's nascent film industry, although Turkish films were not consistently developed until the 1950s. Since then, Istanbul has been the most popular location to film Turkish dramas and comedies. The Turkish film industry ramped up in the second half of the century, and with Uzak (2002) and My Father and My Son (2005), both filmed in Istanbul, the nation's movies began to see substantial international success. <hl> Istanbul and its picturesque skyline <hl> have also served as a backdrop for several foreign films, including Topkapi (1964), The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Mission Istaanbul (2008).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Istanbul and its picturesque skyline <hl> have also served as a backdrop for several foreign films, including Topkapi (1964), The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Mission Istaanbul (2008).", "paragraph_id": "5d65fdf02b22cd4dfcfbd506"}
-{"question": "When did Brazil itself end slavery?", "paragraph": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935.\nThe last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "answer": "1888", "sentence": "In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888 , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "paragraph_sentence": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935. The last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. <hl> In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888 , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935. The last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until <hl> 1888 <hl>, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "sentence_answer": "In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until <hl> 1888 <hl> , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7812b22cd4dfcfbd461"}
-{"question": "Who produced mark VI alto saxophones with the ability to play the low A key?", "paragraph": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "answer": "Selmer Paris", "sentence": "For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. <hl> For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. <hl> Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. For a short time <hl> Selmer Paris <hl> produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "sentence_answer": "For a short time <hl> Selmer Paris <hl> produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key.", "paragraph_id": "5d6764342b22cd4dfcfbf9a7"}
-{"question": "Other than political power what other power a township may have?", "paragraph": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "answer": "governments", "sentence": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. <hl> Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "paragraph_answer": "Some townships have <hl> governments <hl> and political power, others are simply geographic designations. Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "sentence_answer": "Some townships have <hl> governments <hl> and political power, others are simply geographic designations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67554d2b22cd4dfcfbf75d"}
-{"question": "What threatened New England's ideal of an independent society?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "overpopulation", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by <hl> overpopulation <hl>, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by <hl> overpopulation <hl> , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2592b22cd4dfcfbcbce"}
-{"question": "What principle means that all children of slave mothers were made into slaves?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "partus sequitur ventrem", "sentence": "Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem , by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem , by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of <hl> partus sequitur ventrem <hl>, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of <hl> partus sequitur ventrem <hl> , by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667292b22cd4dfcfbddf9"}
-{"question": "what does the penn state study conclude?", "paragraph": "Many advocates for the homeless contend that a key difficulty is the social stigma surrounding homelessness. Many associate a lack of a permanent home with a lack of a proper bathroom and limited access to regular grooming. Thus, the homeless become \"aesthetically unappealing\" to the general public. Research shows that \"physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits\u2026reflecting social competence.\"  In addition to the physical component of stigmatization exists an association of the homeless with mental illness. Many people consider the mentally ill to be irresponsible and childlike and treat them with fear and exclusion, using their mental incapacitation as justification for why they should be left out of communities. There is anecdotal evidence that many Americans complain about the presence of homeless people, blame them for their situation, and feel that their requests for money or support (usually via begging) are unjustified. In the 1990s, particularly, many observers and media articles spoke of \"compassion fatigue\" a belief that the public had grown weary of this seemingly intractable problem. A common misconception persists that many individuals who panhandle are not actually homeless, but actually use pity and compassion to fund their lifestyles, making up to $20 an hour and living luxurious lives. This exception to the rule seems more prevalent due to media attention, but in reality, only a few cases exist. Public opinion surveys show relatively little support for this view, however. A 1995 paper in the American Journal of Community Psychology concluded that \"although the homeless are clearly stigmatized, there is little evidence to suggest that the public has lost compassion and is unwilling to support policies to help homeless people.\" A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \"familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem.", "answer": "familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem", "sentence": "A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \" familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem .", "paragraph_sentence": "Many advocates for the homeless contend that a key difficulty is the social stigma surrounding homelessness. Many associate a lack of a permanent home with a lack of a proper bathroom and limited access to regular grooming. Thus, the homeless become \"aesthetically unappealing\" to the general public. Research shows that \"physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits\u2026reflecting social competence.\" In addition to the physical component of stigmatization exists an association of the homeless with mental illness. Many people consider the mentally ill to be irresponsible and childlike and treat them with fear and exclusion, using their mental incapacitation as justification for why they should be left out of communities. There is anecdotal evidence that many Americans complain about the presence of homeless people, blame them for their situation, and feel that their requests for money or support (usually via begging) are unjustified. In the 1990s, particularly, many observers and media articles spoke of \"compassion fatigue\" a belief that the public had grown weary of this seemingly intractable problem. A common misconception persists that many individuals who panhandle are not actually homeless, but actually use pity and compassion to fund their lifestyles, making up to $20 an hour and living luxurious lives. This exception to the rule seems more prevalent due to media attention, but in reality, only a few cases exist. Public opinion surveys show relatively little support for this view, however. A 1995 paper in the American Journal of Community Psychology concluded that \"although the homeless are clearly stigmatized, there is little evidence to suggest that the public has lost compassion and is unwilling to support policies to help homeless people.\" <hl> A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \" familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many advocates for the homeless contend that a key difficulty is the social stigma surrounding homelessness. Many associate a lack of a permanent home with a lack of a proper bathroom and limited access to regular grooming. Thus, the homeless become \"aesthetically unappealing\" to the general public. Research shows that \"physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits\u2026reflecting social competence.\" In addition to the physical component of stigmatization exists an association of the homeless with mental illness. Many people consider the mentally ill to be irresponsible and childlike and treat them with fear and exclusion, using their mental incapacitation as justification for why they should be left out of communities. There is anecdotal evidence that many Americans complain about the presence of homeless people, blame them for their situation, and feel that their requests for money or support (usually via begging) are unjustified. In the 1990s, particularly, many observers and media articles spoke of \"compassion fatigue\" a belief that the public had grown weary of this seemingly intractable problem. A common misconception persists that many individuals who panhandle are not actually homeless, but actually use pity and compassion to fund their lifestyles, making up to $20 an hour and living luxurious lives. This exception to the rule seems more prevalent due to media attention, but in reality, only a few cases exist. Public opinion surveys show relatively little support for this view, however. A 1995 paper in the American Journal of Community Psychology concluded that \"although the homeless are clearly stigmatized, there is little evidence to suggest that the public has lost compassion and is unwilling to support policies to help homeless people.\" A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \"<hl> familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \" <hl> familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666f602b22cd4dfcfbdee4"}
-{"question": "What is the Irish Germanic of Tin?", "paragraph": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "answer": "tinne", "sentence": "It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ tinne ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "paragraph_sentence": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). <hl> It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ tinne ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [<hl> tinne <hl>] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "sentence_answer": "It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ <hl> tinne <hl> ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8e02b22cd4dfcfbe8a5"}
-{"question": "When are the conditions optimal for the use of IR methods?", "paragraph": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "answer": "deep, vigorous convection", "sentence": "IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection \u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions.", "paragraph_sentence": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. <hl> IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection \u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. <hl> The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "paragraph_answer": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of <hl> deep, vigorous convection <hl>\u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "sentence_answer": "IR works best in cases of <hl> deep, vigorous convection <hl> \u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ba2b22cd4dfcfbfcd2"}
-{"question": "What is another name for adipocyte?", "paragraph": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "answer": "fat cell", "sentence": "The adipocyte, or fat cell , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase.", "paragraph_sentence": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. <hl> The adipocyte, or fat cell , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. <hl> The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "paragraph_answer": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or <hl> fat cell <hl>, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "sentence_answer": "The adipocyte, or <hl> fat cell <hl> , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745162b22cd4dfcfbf481"}
-{"question": "How many bishops are in the Book of Epistles?", "paragraph": "At the First Council of Dvin in 506 the synod of the Armenian, Georgian, and Caucasian Albanian bishops were assembled during the reign of Catholicos Babken I. The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. The involvement in the council discussion of different level of lay persons seemed to be a general rule in Armenia.", "answer": "20", "sentence": "The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the First Council of Dvin in 506 the synod of the Armenian, Georgian, and Caucasian Albanian bishops were assembled during the reign of Catholicos Babken I. The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. <hl> The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. <hl> The involvement in the council discussion of different level of lay persons seemed to be a general rule in Armenia.", "paragraph_answer": "At the First Council of Dvin in 506 the synod of the Armenian, Georgian, and Caucasian Albanian bishops were assembled during the reign of Catholicos Babken I. The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that <hl> 20 <hl> bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. The involvement in the council discussion of different level of lay persons seemed to be a general rule in Armenia.", "sentence_answer": "The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that <hl> 20 <hl> bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council.", "paragraph_id": "5d6576fc2b22cd4dfcfbc925"}
-{"question": "Which version of Windows dropped support some of the Windows NT platforms?", "paragraph": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, Windows 2000, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "answer": "Windows 2000", "sentence": "However, Windows 2000 , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) <hl> However, Windows 2000 , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. <hl> The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, <hl> Windows 2000 <hl>, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> Windows 2000 <hl> , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a9852b22cd4dfcfbff58"}
-{"question": "How often is the Memorial cup held?", "paragraph": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "answer": "annually", "sentence": "The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. <hl> The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held <hl> annually <hl> from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held <hl> annually <hl> from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5292b22cd4dfcfbd194"}
-{"question": "How many POW were transported from Stalag XVIII-D to Ozbalt everyday for railway maintenance work?", "paragraph": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "answer": "Over 100", "sentence": "Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening.", "paragraph_sentence": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. <hl> Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. <hl> Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. <hl> Over 100 <hl> POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Over 100 <hl> POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c5752b22cd4dfcfc0197"}
-{"question": "How many axes are involved?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. <hl> Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "paragraph_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from <hl> two <hl> fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "sentence_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from <hl> two <hl> fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.", "paragraph_id": "5d66141b2b22cd4dfcfbd7db"}
-{"question": "What happened to only Slovenia in WWII?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "absorption and annexation", "sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. <hl> As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 <hl> absorption and annexation <hl> into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "sentence_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 <hl> absorption and annexation <hl> into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725b02b22cd4dfcfbf0bf"}
-{"question": "Where were lenses used for in the past?", "paragraph": "The earliest written records of lenses date to Ancient Greece, with Aristophanes' play The Clouds (424 BC) mentioning a burning-glass (a biconvex lens used to focus the sun's rays to produce fire). Some scholars argue that the archeological evidence indicates that there was widespread use of lenses in antiquity, spanning several millennia. Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions. The writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: Nero was said to watch the gladiatorial games using an emerald (presumably concave to correct for nearsightedness, though the reference is vague). Both Pliny and Seneca the Younger (3 BC\u201365) described the magnifying effect of a glass globe filled with water.", "answer": "used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions", "sentence": "Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions .", "paragraph_sentence": "The earliest written records of lenses date to Ancient Greece, with Aristophanes' play The Clouds (424 BC) mentioning a burning-glass (a biconvex lens used to focus the sun's rays to produce fire). Some scholars argue that the archeological evidence indicates that there was widespread use of lenses in antiquity, spanning several millennia. <hl> Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions . <hl> The writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: Nero was said to watch the gladiatorial games using an emerald (presumably concave to correct for nearsightedness, though the reference is vague). Both Pliny and Seneca the Younger (3 BC\u201365) described the magnifying effect of a glass globe filled with water.", "paragraph_answer": "The earliest written records of lenses date to Ancient Greece, with Aristophanes' play The Clouds (424 BC) mentioning a burning-glass (a biconvex lens used to focus the sun's rays to produce fire). Some scholars argue that the archeological evidence indicates that there was widespread use of lenses in antiquity, spanning several millennia. Such lenses were <hl> used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions <hl>. The writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: Nero was said to watch the gladiatorial games using an emerald (presumably concave to correct for nearsightedness, though the reference is vague). Both Pliny and Seneca the Younger (3 BC\u201365) described the magnifying effect of a glass globe filled with water.", "sentence_answer": "Such lenses were <hl> used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6768012b22cd4dfcfbfa3a"}
-{"question": "What the usual age of Cheasepeake colonists during early days?", "paragraph": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "answer": "very young", "sentence": "High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. <hl> High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a <hl> very young <hl> population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "sentence_answer": "High death rates and a <hl> very young <hl> population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_id": "5d662af82b22cd4dfcfbda7b"}
-{"question": "In which year major cities' mayors were surveyed about homelessness?", "paragraph": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "answer": "2004", "sentence": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness....", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> \"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... <hl> The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "paragraph_answer": "\"In <hl> 2004 <hl> the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "sentence_answer": "\"In <hl> 2004 <hl> the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness....", "paragraph_id": "5d66196c2b22cd4dfcfbd8a2"}
-{"question": "What is another name for personal or given name?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "first name", "sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\" first name \").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\" first name \"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"<hl> first name <hl>\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\" <hl> first name <hl> \").", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1112b22cd4dfcfc0462"}
-{"question": "What happens when air turbulence causes droplets to collide?", "paragraph": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops.  When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "answer": "producing larger droplets", "sentence": " When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets .", "paragraph_sentence": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. <hl> When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets . <hl> As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "paragraph_answer": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, <hl> producing larger droplets <hl>. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "sentence_answer": " When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, <hl> producing larger droplets <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67cf7b2b22cd4dfcfc0284"}
-{"question": "What of the United States does not possess international legal sovereignty?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "the member states", "sentence": "Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_sentence": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, <hl> the member states <hl> of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "Additionally, <hl> the member states <hl> of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbc3"}
-{"question": "What does the abbreviated name TriBeCa stand for?", "paragraph": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "answer": "TRIangle BElow CAnal Street", "sentence": "Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \" TRIangle BElow CAnal Street \") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\").", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). <hl> Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \" TRIangle BElow CAnal Street \") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). <hl> and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"<hl> TRIangle BElow CAnal Street <hl>\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "sentence_answer": "Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \" <hl> TRIangle BElow CAnal Street <hl> \") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\").", "paragraph_id": "5d6724a92b22cd4dfcfbf07c"}
-{"question": "How many teams are in the AHL?", "paragraph": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "answer": "30", "sentence": "It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada.", "paragraph_sentence": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. <hl> It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. <hl> It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "paragraph_answer": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises <hl> 30 <hl> teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "sentence_answer": "It comprises <hl> 30 <hl> teams from the United States and Canada.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f492b22cd4dfcfbd963"}
-{"question": "How much was Pele's contract for when he signed with the Cosmos on 1975?", "paragraph": "The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League played their home games at Downing Stadium for two seasons, starting in 1974. In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a $4.5 million contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory. The playing pitch and facilities at Downing Stadium were in dreadful condition though and as the team's popularity grew they too left for Yankee Stadium, and then Giants Stadium. The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "answer": "$4.5 million", "sentence": "In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a $4.5 million contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League played their home games at Downing Stadium for two seasons, starting in 1974. <hl> In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a $4.5 million contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory. <hl> The playing pitch and facilities at Downing Stadium were in dreadful condition though and as the team's popularity grew they too left for Yankee Stadium, and then Giants Stadium. The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "paragraph_answer": "The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League played their home games at Downing Stadium for two seasons, starting in 1974. In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a <hl> $4.5 million <hl> contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory. The playing pitch and facilities at Downing Stadium were in dreadful condition though and as the team's popularity grew they too left for Yankee Stadium, and then Giants Stadium. The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "sentence_answer": "In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a <hl> $4.5 million <hl> contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory.", "paragraph_id": "5d670c772b22cd4dfcfbec29"}
-{"question": "What does Markings on the ice indicate?", "paragraph": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "answer": "Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "sentence": "Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "paragraph_sentence": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. <hl> Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. <hl> Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6664022b22cd4dfcfbdd8d"}
-{"question": "What is a function as a ordered pair a type of?", "paragraph": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "answer": "correspondence", "sentence": "Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets.", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. <hl> Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. <hl> The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a <hl> correspondence <hl> is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "sentence_answer": "Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a <hl> correspondence <hl> is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets.", "paragraph_id": "5d66be882b22cd4dfcfbe49a"}
-{"question": "How many people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night of the year?", "paragraph": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "answer": "190,207", "sentence": "It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_sentence": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. <hl> It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that <hl> 190,207 <hl> people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "sentence_answer": "It is estimated that <hl> 190,207 <hl> people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_id": "5d665fc62b22cd4dfcfbdce7"}
-{"question": "What is the caloric content used for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins?", "paragraph": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "answer": "4 kcal/g", "sentence": "The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins.", "paragraph_sentence": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. <hl> The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. <hl> Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "paragraph_answer": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with <hl> 4 kcal/g <hl> for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "sentence_answer": "The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with <hl> 4 kcal/g <hl> for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745162b22cd4dfcfbf484"}
-{"question": "What takes place at the end of the first year in the Medical University?", "paragraph": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "answer": "an internal ranking examination", "sentence": "At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus.", "paragraph_sentence": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). <hl> At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. <hl> First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "paragraph_answer": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, <hl> an internal ranking examination <hl> takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "sentence_answer": "At the end of first year, <hl> an internal ranking examination <hl> takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6639582b22cd4dfcfbdb14"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the railway lift bridge?", "paragraph": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "answer": "De Hef", "sentence": "The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "paragraph_sentence": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). <hl> The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). The former railway lift bridge <hl> De Hef <hl> ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "The former railway lift bridge <hl> De Hef <hl> ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a542b22cd4dfcfbf52f"}
-{"question": "Is the depth of the Baltic rising or falling?", "paragraph": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "answer": "depth of the sea are diminishing", "sentence": "Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing .", "paragraph_sentence": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. <hl> Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing . <hl> The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "paragraph_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the <hl> depth of the sea are diminishing <hl>. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "sentence_answer": "Consequently, the surface area and the <hl> depth of the sea are diminishing <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7b42b22cd4dfcfbccfe"}
-{"question": "After how many years of work were indentured servants freed?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "seven", "sentence": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. <hl> These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after <hl> seven <hl> years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after <hl> seven <hl> years.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667292b22cd4dfcfbddfa"}
-{"question": "When was the American Jobs Act proposed?", "paragraph": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "answer": "September 2011", "sentence": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011 , which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011 , which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. <hl> The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "paragraph_answer": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in <hl> September 2011 <hl>, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "sentence_answer": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in <hl> September 2011 <hl> , which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation.", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7e2b22cd4dfcfbfb2f"}
-{"question": "What complements the military high schools?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "three military academies", "sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies \u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies \u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by <hl> three military academies <hl>\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by <hl> three military academies <hl> \u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd47d"}
-{"question": "Along with New York and Connecticut, which is the third state in the Tri-State area?", "paragraph": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "answer": "New Jersey", "sentence": "Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. <hl> Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. <hl> It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and <hl> New Jersey <hl> as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and <hl> New Jersey <hl> as the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd092b22cd4dfcfbcfab"}
-{"question": "Saxophonist who follow the French school of classical playing were influenced by who?", "paragraph": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction.  At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "answer": "Marcel Mule", "sentence": "Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule , generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. <hl> Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule , generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. <hl> The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction. At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "paragraph_answer": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by <hl> Marcel Mule <hl>, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction. At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "sentence_answer": "Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by <hl> Marcel Mule <hl> , generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb052b22cd4dfcfc00c1"}
-{"question": "What is the nom-dit of a family branch that lived near a city?", "paragraph": "In French Canada until the 19th century, several families adopted surnames that followed the family name in order to distinguish the various branches of a large family. Such a surname was preceded by the word \"dit\" (\"said\") and was known as a \"nom-dit\" (\"said-name\"). (Compare with some Roman naming conventions.) While this tradition is no longer in use, in many cases the nom-dit has come to replace the original family name. Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville, Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. In many cases Verville, Lacourse, or Beauchesne has become the new family name. Likewise, the Rivard family has split into the Rivard dit Lavigne, Rivard dit Loranger and Rivard dit Lanoie. The origin of the nom-dit can vary. Often it denoted a geographical trait of the area where that branch of the family lived: Verville lived towards the city, Beauchesne lived near an oak tree, Larivi\u00e8re near a river, etc. Some of the oldest noms-dits are derived from the war name of a settler who served in the army or militia: Tranchemontagne (\"mountain slasher\"), Jolic\u0153ur (\"braveheart\"). Others denote a personal trait: Lacourse might have been a fast runner, Legrand was probably tall, etc.", "answer": "Verville", "sentence": "Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne.", "paragraph_sentence": "In French Canada until the 19th century, several families adopted surnames that followed the family name in order to distinguish the various branches of a large family. Such a surname was preceded by the word \"dit\" (\"said\") and was known as a \"nom-dit\" (\"said-name\"). (Compare with some Roman naming conventions.) While this tradition is no longer in use, in many cases the nom-dit has come to replace the original family name. <hl> Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. <hl> In many cases Verville, Lacourse, or Beauchesne has become the new family name. Likewise, the Rivard family has split into the Rivard dit Lavigne, Rivard dit Loranger and Rivard dit Lanoie. The origin of the nom-dit can vary. Often it denoted a geographical trait of the area where that branch of the family lived: Verville lived towards the city, Beauchesne lived near an oak tree, Larivi\u00e8re near a river, etc. Some of the oldest noms-dits are derived from the war name of a settler who served in the army or militia: Tranchemontagne (\"mountain slasher\"), Jolic\u0153ur (\"braveheart\"). Others denote a personal trait: Lacourse might have been a fast runner, Legrand was probably tall, etc.", "paragraph_answer": "In French Canada until the 19th century, several families adopted surnames that followed the family name in order to distinguish the various branches of a large family. Such a surname was preceded by the word \"dit\" (\"said\") and was known as a \"nom-dit\" (\"said-name\"). (Compare with some Roman naming conventions.) While this tradition is no longer in use, in many cases the nom-dit has come to replace the original family name. Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit <hl> Verville <hl>, Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. In many cases Verville, Lacourse, or Beauchesne has become the new family name. Likewise, the Rivard family has split into the Rivard dit Lavigne, Rivard dit Loranger and Rivard dit Lanoie. The origin of the nom-dit can vary. Often it denoted a geographical trait of the area where that branch of the family lived: Verville lived towards the city, Beauchesne lived near an oak tree, Larivi\u00e8re near a river, etc. Some of the oldest noms-dits are derived from the war name of a settler who served in the army or militia: Tranchemontagne (\"mountain slasher\"), Jolic\u0153ur (\"braveheart\"). Others denote a personal trait: Lacourse might have been a fast runner, Legrand was probably tall, etc.", "sentence_answer": "Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit <hl> Verville <hl> , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736f32b22cd4dfcfbf2b8"}
-{"question": "When the religious system was replaced with a mayor and council, what was the new system modeled after?", "paragraph": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "answer": "French cities", "sentence": "Following the model of French cities , this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. <hl> Following the model of French cities , this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. <hl> Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "paragraph_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of <hl> French cities <hl>, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "sentence_answer": "Following the model of <hl> French cities <hl> , this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ea1a2b22cd4dfcfbd273"}
-{"question": "What is the literacy state's average?", "paragraph": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "answer": "70.5 percent", "sentence": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). <hl> In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of <hl> 70.5 percent <hl> (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "sentence_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of <hl> 70.5 percent <hl> (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_id": "5d6836ff2b22cd4dfcfc0689"}
-{"question": "How many distinct areas is Istanbul broken into?", "paragraph": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "answer": "nine", "sentence": "Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts.", "paragraph_sentence": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. <hl> Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. <hl> This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "paragraph_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with <hl> nine <hl> constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "sentence_answer": "Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with <hl> nine <hl> constituent districts.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b88a2b22cd4dfcfbe457"}
-{"question": "What king declared Vaishnavism the official State religion?", "paragraph": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "answer": "Garib Niwas", "sentence": "Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion.", "paragraph_sentence": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. <hl> Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. <hl> This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "paragraph_answer": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, <hl> Garib Niwas <hl> (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "sentence_answer": "Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, <hl> Garib Niwas <hl> (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion.", "paragraph_id": "5d6832562b22cd4dfcfc0663"}
-{"question": "In what conference besides the Atlantic Coast does Pitt university belong?", "paragraph": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "answer": "Eastern College Athletic", "sentence": "The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "paragraph_sentence": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). <hl> The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the <hl> Eastern College Athletic <hl> Conference (ECAC).", "sentence_answer": "The university also maintains membership in the <hl> Eastern College Athletic <hl> Conference (ECAC).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f84b2b22cd4dfcfbe860"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the executive department in charge of emergencies?", "paragraph": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. In addition to these departments, there are other independent bureaus, offices and commissions.", "answer": "Emergency Management and Public Protection", "sentence": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection , Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection , Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. <hl> In addition to these departments, there are other independent bureaus, offices and commissions.", "paragraph_answer": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, <hl> Emergency Management and Public Protection <hl>, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. In addition to these departments, there are other independent bureaus, offices and commissions.", "sentence_answer": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, <hl> Emergency Management and Public Protection <hl> , Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs.", "paragraph_id": "5d667f6b2b22cd4dfcfbe0bf"}
-{"question": "According to William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, what does moral self-identity lead to?", "paragraph": "In modern moral psychology, morality is considered to change through personal development. A number of psychologists have produced theories on the development of morals, usually going through stages of different morals. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, and Elliot Turiel have cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development; to these theorists morality forms in a series of constructive stages or domains. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize social and emotional development based on biology, such as empathy. Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes. Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud, who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "answer": "a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes", "sentence": "Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes .", "paragraph_sentence": "In modern moral psychology, morality is considered to change through personal development. A number of psychologists have produced theories on the development of morals, usually going through stages of different morals. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, and Elliot Turiel have cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development; to these theorists morality forms in a series of constructive stages or domains. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize social and emotional development based on biology, such as empathy. <hl> Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes . <hl> Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud, who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "paragraph_answer": "In modern moral psychology, morality is considered to change through personal development. A number of psychologists have produced theories on the development of morals, usually going through stages of different morals. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, and Elliot Turiel have cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development; to these theorists morality forms in a series of constructive stages or domains. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize social and emotional development based on biology, such as empathy. Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to <hl> a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes <hl>. Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud, who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "sentence_answer": "Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to <hl> a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674fbf2b22cd4dfcfbf64a"}
-{"question": "What is \"sambass\"?", "paragraph": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "answer": "Brazilian drum and bass", "sentence": "S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. <hl> S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. <hl> In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] <hl> Brazilian drum and bass <hl> is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "sentence_answer": "S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] <hl> Brazilian drum and bass <hl> is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound.", "paragraph_id": "5d6600d12b22cd4dfcfbd55c"}
-{"question": "Croatian Partisans actually became majority Croatian by when?", "paragraph": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche.\nIn the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "answer": "October 1943", "sentence": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. <hl> This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche. In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by <hl> October 1943 <hl> the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche. In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by <hl> October 1943 <hl> the majority were Croats.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd6d2b22cd4dfcfbe966"}
-{"question": "What city surpassed Istanbul for Europe's largest city?", "paragraph": "Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv  for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London.", "answer": "London", "sentence": "It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London .", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. <hl> It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by <hl> London <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by <hl> London <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb7e2b22cd4dfcfbd29b"}
-{"question": "How large is the auditorium (in acres)?", "paragraph": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "answer": "2 acres", "sentence": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). <hl> It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about <hl> 2 acres <hl> (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about <hl> 2 acres <hl> (8,100 m2).", "paragraph_id": "5d6788912b22cd4dfcfbfe12"}
-{"question": "Otherwise, the next best possibility is from what other disease?", "paragraph": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide  (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "answer": "diabetes", "sentence": "Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_sentence": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. <hl> Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. <hl> These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "paragraph_answer": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and <hl> diabetes <hl> are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "sentence_answer": "Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and <hl> diabetes <hl> are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7602b22cd4dfcfbceb3"}
-{"question": "How many people are in Oxforshire?", "paragraph": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "answer": "159,994", "sentence": "With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. <hl> With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. <hl> Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of <hl> 159,994 <hl> it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "sentence_answer": "With a population of <hl> 159,994 <hl> it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse.", "paragraph_id": "5d67355a2b22cd4dfcfbf289"}
-{"question": "Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are classified under what larger class of diseases?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "answer": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction", "sentence": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack).", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). <hl> Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction <hl> (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction <hl> (commonly known as a heart attack).", "paragraph_id": "5d660f0d2b22cd4dfcfbd759"}
-{"question": "How can a subformula can be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers?", "paragraph": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "answer": "In other infinitary logics", "sentence": "In other infinitary logics , a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. <hl> In other infinitary logics , a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. <hl> For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "paragraph_answer": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. <hl> In other infinitary logics <hl>, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In other infinitary logics <hl> , a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers.", "paragraph_id": "5d6670372b22cd4dfcfbdefe"}
-{"question": "What does the Stratiform process involve?", "paragraph": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall.  Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.  Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.  Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously.  Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle.  Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\".  Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "answer": "weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation", "sentence": " Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation .", "paragraph_sentence": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. <hl> Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation . <hl> Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "paragraph_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve <hl> weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation <hl>. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "sentence_answer": " Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve <hl> weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67745b2b22cd4dfcfbfc6e"}
-{"question": "Do wives alway adopt their husbands' family name?", "paragraph": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "answer": "in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name", "sentence": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is a common <hl> in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name <hl> instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "sentence_answer": "It is a common <hl> in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name <hl> instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4382b22cd4dfcfbe759"}
-{"question": "What do dietary guidelines around the world recommend reducing?", "paragraph": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "answer": "recommend a reduction in saturated fat", "sentence": "Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat .", "paragraph_sentence": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. <hl> Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat . <hl> However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "paragraph_answer": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines <hl> recommend a reduction in saturated fat <hl>. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "sentence_answer": "Worldwide, dietary guidelines <hl> recommend a reduction in saturated fat <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c14e2b22cd4dfcfbcb87"}
-{"question": "What theory with an infinite domain has the strength to uniquely describe a structure?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "No first-order theory", "sentence": "\n No first-order theory , however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory , however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. <hl> Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory <hl>, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> No first-order theory <hl> , however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b0212b22cd4dfcfbe3e4"}
-{"question": "What century was the Evliya Celebi written in?", "paragraph": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.  This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "answer": "the 17th", "sentence": "Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use.", "paragraph_sentence": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. <hl> Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. <hl> The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "paragraph_answer": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of <hl> the 17th <hl> century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "sentence_answer": "Some Ottoman sources of <hl> the 17th <hl> century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2ce2b22cd4dfcfbcbea"}
-{"question": "What does word inflection do?", "paragraph": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "answer": "express different grammatical functions", "sentence": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions . <hl> The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "paragraph_answer": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to <hl> express different grammatical functions <hl>. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "sentence_answer": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to <hl> express different grammatical functions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3862b22cd4dfcfbd3bd"}
-{"question": "On which island will you find Mount Wai'ale'ale?", "paragraph": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).  Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March.  Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains.  Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "answer": "Kauai", "sentence": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). <hl> Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of <hl> Kauai <hl>, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "sentence_answer": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of <hl> Kauai <hl> , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef7c2b22cd4dfcfbe600"}
-{"question": "What did the Renaissance Humanists start the tradition of?", "paragraph": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "answer": "producing revised editions of the literary works", "sentence": "They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. <hl> They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. <hl> They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "paragraph_answer": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of <hl> producing revised editions of the literary works <hl> that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "sentence_answer": "They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of <hl> producing revised editions of the literary works <hl> that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts.", "paragraph_id": "5d661a252b22cd4dfcfbd8b9"}
-{"question": "What is the name of French medical students' thesis?", "paragraph": "Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis, no original research is actually necessary to write an MD thesis.  At the conclusion of the thesis defense, French medical students receive a State Diploma of Doctor of Medicine (MD) or dipl\u00f4me d'Etat de docteur en m\u00e9decine. Every new doctor must then proceed to a Diploma of Specialised Studies (Dipl\u00f4me d'Etudes Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es or DES) to mark their specialty.  Some students may also receive a Diploma of Complementary Specialized Studies (Dipl\u00f4me d'Etudes Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es Compl\u00e9mentaires or DESC).", "answer": "MD thesis", "sentence": "Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis, no original research is actually necessary to write an MD thesis .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis, no original research is actually necessary to write an MD thesis . <hl> At the conclusion of the thesis defense, French medical students receive a State Diploma of Doctor of Medicine (MD) or dipl\u00f4me d'Etat de docteur en m\u00e9decine. Every new doctor must then proceed to a Diploma of Specialised Studies (Dipl\u00f4me d'Etudes Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es or DES) to mark their specialty. Some students may also receive a Diploma of Complementary Specialized Studies (Dipl\u00f4me d'Etudes Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es Compl\u00e9mentaires or DESC).", "paragraph_answer": "Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis, no original research is actually necessary to write an <hl> MD thesis <hl>. At the conclusion of the thesis defense, French medical students receive a State Diploma of Doctor of Medicine (MD) or dipl\u00f4me d'Etat de docteur en m\u00e9decine. Every new doctor must then proceed to a Diploma of Specialised Studies (Dipl\u00f4me d'Etudes Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es or DES) to mark their specialty. Some students may also receive a Diploma of Complementary Specialized Studies (Dipl\u00f4me d'Etudes Sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es Compl\u00e9mentaires or DESC).", "sentence_answer": "Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis, no original research is actually necessary to write an <hl> MD thesis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0ee2b22cd4dfcfbcde9"}
-{"question": "What is an especially monumental sculpture called?", "paragraph": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions.  The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "answer": "the work itself is \"a relief\".", "sentence": "Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". <hl> Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, <hl> the work itself is \"a relief\". <hl>", "sentence_answer": "Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, <hl> the work itself is \"a relief\". <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5742b22cd4dfcfbe7aa"}
-{"question": "What islands are divided into islands and atolls?", "paragraph": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "answer": "The Marshall Islands", "sentence": "The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands.", "paragraph_sentence": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). <hl> The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. <hl> While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "paragraph_answer": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). <hl> The Marshall Islands <hl> is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Marshall Islands <hl> is divided into atolls and islands.", "paragraph_id": "5d6772bc2b22cd4dfcfbfc27"}
-{"question": "Who offered generous credit to customers?", "paragraph": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "answer": "British merchants", "sentence": "Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. <hl> Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. <hl> From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "paragraph_answer": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because <hl> British merchants <hl> offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "sentence_answer": "Because <hl> British merchants <hl> offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b992b22cd4dfcfbfacb"}
-{"question": "What order for listing parents last name is common?", "paragraph": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "answer": "father then mother", "sentence": "Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "paragraph_sentence": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. <hl> Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional <hl> father then mother <hl> order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "sentence_answer": "Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional <hl> father then mother <hl> order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "paragraph_id": "5d675c4e2b22cd4dfcfbf871"}
-{"question": "What is the oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today?", "paragraph": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "answer": "Boston's Matthews Arena", "sentence": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena , which was built in 1910.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena , which was built in 1910. <hl> It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "paragraph_answer": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is <hl> Boston's Matthews Arena <hl>, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is <hl> Boston's Matthews Arena <hl> , which was built in 1910.", "paragraph_id": "5d666d552b22cd4dfcfbdeb2"}
-{"question": "What elevations of the Sierra would have an alpine climate?", "paragraph": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.  During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "answer": "The highest elevations", "sentence": "The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. <hl> The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. <hl> The highest elevations <hl> of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The highest elevations <hl> of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4522b22cd4dfcfbe761"}
-{"question": "What are population centers organized into?", "paragraph": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "answer": "incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities", "sentence": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities . <hl> Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "paragraph_answer": "Population centers may be organized into <hl> incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities <hl>. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "sentence_answer": "Population centers may be organized into <hl> incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676f702b22cd4dfcfbfb8a"}
-{"question": "What is the first country committed to the  establishment of communism?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR)", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the <hl> Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) <hl>, the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the <hl> Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) <hl> , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815dd2b22cd4dfcfc0570"}
-{"question": "What fatty acid is important for vision?", "paragraph": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "answer": "Docosahexaenoic acid", "sentence": "Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight.", "paragraph_sentence": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. <hl> Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. <hl> Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. <hl> Docosahexaenoic acid <hl> is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Docosahexaenoic acid <hl> is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9742b22cd4dfcfc031b"}
-{"question": "In what year was the Massachusetts charter revoked?", "paragraph": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "answer": "1684", "sentence": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684 , and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "paragraph_sentence": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. <hl> However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684 , and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. <hl> Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "paragraph_answer": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in <hl> 1684 <hl>, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in <hl> 1684 <hl> , and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "paragraph_id": "5d661e042b22cd4dfcfbd93e"}
-{"question": "In 2010, how many civilians died in Manipur because of militancy?", "paragraph": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "answer": "25", "sentence": "From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people).", "paragraph_sentence": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). <hl> From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). <hl> However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "paragraph_answer": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about <hl> 25 <hl> civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "sentence_answer": "From 2010 onwards, about <hl> 25 <hl> civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people).", "paragraph_id": "5d67625a2b22cd4dfcfbf961"}
-{"question": "Name two recognizable subgenres it splitted into", "paragraph": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "answer": "jump-up and Hardstep", "sentence": "It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep .", "paragraph_sentence": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). <hl> It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep . <hl> As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "paragraph_answer": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as <hl> jump-up and Hardstep <hl>. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "sentence_answer": "It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as <hl> jump-up and Hardstep <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a70d2b22cd4dfcfbe3be"}
-{"question": "What two tribes were located on the western side of Sierra Nevada?", "paragraph": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "answer": "Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe", "sentence": "The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra.", "paragraph_sentence": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. <hl> The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. <hl> Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "paragraph_answer": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the <hl> Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe <hl> on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "sentence_answer": "The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the <hl> Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe <hl> on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705f72b22cd4dfcfbeae3"}
-{"question": "Is it objectively possible to differentiate high and low reliefs?", "paragraph": "The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work. In particular, most later \"high reliefs\" contain sections in low relief, usually in the background. From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, many single figures have heads in high relief, but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery).  As unfinished examples from various periods show, raised reliefs, whether high or low, were normally \"blocked out\" by marking the outline of the figure and reducing the background areas to the new background level, work no doubt performed by apprentices (see gallery).", "answer": "The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work", "sentence": "The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work . <hl> In particular, most later \"high reliefs\" contain sections in low relief, usually in the background. From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, many single figures have heads in high relief, but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery). As unfinished examples from various periods show, raised reliefs, whether high or low, were normally \"blocked out\" by marking the outline of the figure and reducing the background areas to the new background level, work no doubt performed by apprentices (see gallery).", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work <hl>. In particular, most later \"high reliefs\" contain sections in low relief, usually in the background. From the Parthenon Frieze onwards, many single figures have heads in high relief, but their lower legs are in low relief; the slightly projecting figures created in this way work well in reliefs that are seen from below (see Moissac portal in gallery). As unfinished examples from various periods show, raised reliefs, whether high or low, were normally \"blocked out\" by marking the outline of the figure and reducing the background areas to the new background level, work no doubt performed by apprentices (see gallery).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f7252b22cd4dfcfbe814"}
-{"question": "What animal was the Middle East the first to domesticate?", "paragraph": "The Middle East served as the source for many animals that could be domesticated, such as sheep, goats and pigs. This area was also the first region to domesticate the dromedary camel. Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic. The presence of these animals gave the region a large advantage in cultural and economic development. As the climate in the Middle East changed and became drier, many of the farmers were forced to leave, taking their domesticated animals with them. It was this massive emigration from the Middle East that would later help distribute these animals to the rest of Afroeurasia. This emigration was mainly on an east-west axis of similar climates, as crops usually have a narrow optimal climatic range outside of which they cannot grow for reasons of light or rain changes. For instance, wheat does not normally grow in tropical climates, just like tropical crops such as bananas do not grow in colder climates. Some authors, like Jared Diamond, have postulated that this East-West axis is the main reason why plant and animal domestication spread so quickly from the Fertile Crescent to the rest of Eurasia and North Africa, while it did not reach through the North-South axis of Africa to reach the Mediterranean climates of South Africa, where temperate crops were successfully imported by ships in the last 500 years. Similarly, the African Zebu of central Africa and the domesticated bovines of the fertile-crescent \u2014 separated by the dry sahara desert \u2014 were not introduced into each other's region.", "answer": "the dromedary camel", "sentence": "This area was also the first region to domesticate the dromedary camel .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Middle East served as the source for many animals that could be domesticated, such as sheep, goats and pigs. <hl> This area was also the first region to domesticate the dromedary camel . <hl> Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic. The presence of these animals gave the region a large advantage in cultural and economic development. As the climate in the Middle East changed and became drier, many of the farmers were forced to leave, taking their domesticated animals with them. It was this massive emigration from the Middle East that would later help distribute these animals to the rest of Afroeurasia. This emigration was mainly on an east-west axis of similar climates, as crops usually have a narrow optimal climatic range outside of which they cannot grow for reasons of light or rain changes. For instance, wheat does not normally grow in tropical climates, just like tropical crops such as bananas do not grow in colder climates. Some authors, like Jared Diamond, have postulated that this East-West axis is the main reason why plant and animal domestication spread so quickly from the Fertile Crescent to the rest of Eurasia and North Africa, while it did not reach through the North-South axis of Africa to reach the Mediterranean climates of South Africa, where temperate crops were successfully imported by ships in the last 500 years. Similarly, the African Zebu of central Africa and the domesticated bovines of the fertile-crescent \u2014 separated by the dry sahara desert \u2014 were not introduced into each other's region.", "paragraph_answer": "The Middle East served as the source for many animals that could be domesticated, such as sheep, goats and pigs. This area was also the first region to domesticate <hl> the dromedary camel <hl>. Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic. The presence of these animals gave the region a large advantage in cultural and economic development. As the climate in the Middle East changed and became drier, many of the farmers were forced to leave, taking their domesticated animals with them. It was this massive emigration from the Middle East that would later help distribute these animals to the rest of Afroeurasia. This emigration was mainly on an east-west axis of similar climates, as crops usually have a narrow optimal climatic range outside of which they cannot grow for reasons of light or rain changes. For instance, wheat does not normally grow in tropical climates, just like tropical crops such as bananas do not grow in colder climates. Some authors, like Jared Diamond, have postulated that this East-West axis is the main reason why plant and animal domestication spread so quickly from the Fertile Crescent to the rest of Eurasia and North Africa, while it did not reach through the North-South axis of Africa to reach the Mediterranean climates of South Africa, where temperate crops were successfully imported by ships in the last 500 years. Similarly, the African Zebu of central Africa and the domesticated bovines of the fertile-crescent \u2014 separated by the dry sahara desert \u2014 were not introduced into each other's region.", "sentence_answer": "This area was also the first region to domesticate <hl> the dromedary camel <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67433e2b22cd4dfcfbf43e"}
-{"question": "How much oil passes thru the waterway each year?", "paragraph": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "answer": "more than 200 million tonnes", "sentence": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. <hl> As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "paragraph_answer": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; <hl> more than 200 million tonnes <hl> of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "sentence_answer": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; <hl> more than 200 million tonnes <hl> of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1772b22cd4dfcfbd367"}
-{"question": "What was the land in present-day Ohio known as in 1786?", "paragraph": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "answer": "Connecticut Western Reserve", "sentence": "Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. <hl> Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve . <hl> The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the <hl> Connecticut Western Reserve <hl>. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the <hl> Connecticut Western Reserve <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6782f22b22cd4dfcfbfdbe"}
-{"question": "Until when was the view that the hart was the source of consciousness not challenged?", "paragraph": "The view that the heart was the source of consciousness was not challenged until the time of the Greek physician Hippocrates. He believed that the brain was not only involved with sensation\u2014since most specialized organs (e.g., eyes, ears, tongue) are located in the head near the brain\u2014but was also the seat of intelligence. Plato also speculated that the brain was the seat of the rational part of the soul. Aristotle, however, believed the heart was the center of intelligence and that the brain regulated the amount of heat from the heart. This view was generally accepted until the Roman physician Galen, a follower of Hippocrates and physician to Roman gladiators, observed that his patients lost their mental faculties when they had sustained damage to their brains.", "answer": "until the time of the Greek physician Hippocrates", "sentence": "The view that the heart was the source of consciousness was not challenged until the time of the Greek physician Hippocrates .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The view that the heart was the source of consciousness was not challenged until the time of the Greek physician Hippocrates . <hl> He believed that the brain was not only involved with sensation\u2014since most specialized organs (e.g., eyes, ears, tongue) are located in the head near the brain\u2014but was also the seat of intelligence. Plato also speculated that the brain was the seat of the rational part of the soul. Aristotle, however, believed the heart was the center of intelligence and that the brain regulated the amount of heat from the heart. This view was generally accepted until the Roman physician Galen, a follower of Hippocrates and physician to Roman gladiators, observed that his patients lost their mental faculties when they had sustained damage to their brains.", "paragraph_answer": "The view that the heart was the source of consciousness was not challenged <hl> until the time of the Greek physician Hippocrates <hl>. He believed that the brain was not only involved with sensation\u2014since most specialized organs (e.g., eyes, ears, tongue) are located in the head near the brain\u2014but was also the seat of intelligence. Plato also speculated that the brain was the seat of the rational part of the soul. Aristotle, however, believed the heart was the center of intelligence and that the brain regulated the amount of heat from the heart. This view was generally accepted until the Roman physician Galen, a follower of Hippocrates and physician to Roman gladiators, observed that his patients lost their mental faculties when they had sustained damage to their brains.", "sentence_answer": "The view that the heart was the source of consciousness was not challenged <hl> until the time of the Greek physician Hippocrates <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67ac142b22cd4dfcfbff82"}
-{"question": "What was the maximum area of ice in 2011?", "paragraph": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "answer": "315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi)", "sentence": "During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi) , which was reached on 25 February 2011.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). <hl> During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi) , which was reached on 25 February 2011. <hl> The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was <hl> 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi) <hl>, which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "sentence_answer": "During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was <hl> 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi) <hl> , which was reached on 25 February 2011.", "paragraph_id": "5d661af52b22cd4dfcfbd8d3"}
-{"question": "How does a Social-traditional view truth?", "paragraph": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "answer": "found in the heritage of American and Western civilization", "sentence": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization , or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization , or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is <hl> found in the heritage of American and Western civilization <hl>, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "sentence_answer": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is <hl> found in the heritage of American and Western civilization <hl> , or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e332b22cd4dfcfbf5e5"}
-{"question": "What is window glass often made by?", "paragraph": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "answer": "floating molten glass", "sentence": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. <hl> This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "paragraph_answer": "Window glass is most often made by <hl> floating molten glass <hl> on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "sentence_answer": "Window glass is most often made by <hl> floating molten glass <hl> on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c0dc2b22cd4dfcfc0166"}
-{"question": "What was the original name of Oxford?", "paragraph": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "answer": "Oxenaforda", "sentence": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \" Oxenaforda \", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \" Oxenaforda \", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. <hl> It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"<hl> Oxenaforda <hl>\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "sentence_answer": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \" <hl> Oxenaforda <hl> \", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time.", "paragraph_id": "5d6735ca2b22cd4dfcfbf290"}
-{"question": "In case of projection functions of ordered pair, how many predicate symbols of arity 2 are enough?", "paragraph": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. <hl> It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. <hl> In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "paragraph_answer": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have <hl> two <hl> predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "sentence_answer": "It is also sufficient to have <hl> two <hl> predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ebbf2b22cd4dfcfbe54e"}
-{"question": "Italians and Chetniks engaged in criminal acts together where?", "paragraph": "The Chetniks were a mainly Serb-oriented group and their Serb nationalism resulted in an inability to recruit or appeal to many non-Serbs. The Partisans played down communism in favour of a Popular Front approach which appealed to all Yugoslavs. In Bosnia, the Partisan rallying cry was for a country which was to be neither Serbian nor Croatian nor Muslim, but instead to be free and brotherly in which full equality of all groups would be ensured. Nevertheless, Serbs remained the dominant ethnic group in the Yugoslav Partisans throughout the war.  Chetnik ethnic cleansing policies against the Muslims in Eastern Bosnia, and Dalmatia alienated Croats and Muslims from joining the Chetniks. Italian collaboration with Chetniks in northern Dalmatia resulted in atrocities which further galvanized support for the Partisans among Dalmatian Croats. Chetnik attacks on Gala, near Split, resulted in the slaughter of some 200 Croatian civilians.", "answer": "northern Dalmatia", "sentence": "Italian collaboration with Chetniks in northern Dalmatia resulted in atrocities which further galvanized support for the Partisans among Dalmatian Croats.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Chetniks were a mainly Serb-oriented group and their Serb nationalism resulted in an inability to recruit or appeal to many non-Serbs. The Partisans played down communism in favour of a Popular Front approach which appealed to all Yugoslavs. In Bosnia, the Partisan rallying cry was for a country which was to be neither Serbian nor Croatian nor Muslim, but instead to be free and brotherly in which full equality of all groups would be ensured. Nevertheless, Serbs remained the dominant ethnic group in the Yugoslav Partisans throughout the war. Chetnik ethnic cleansing policies against the Muslims in Eastern Bosnia, and Dalmatia alienated Croats and Muslims from joining the Chetniks. <hl> Italian collaboration with Chetniks in northern Dalmatia resulted in atrocities which further galvanized support for the Partisans among Dalmatian Croats. <hl> Chetnik attacks on Gala, near Split, resulted in the slaughter of some 200 Croatian civilians.", "paragraph_answer": "The Chetniks were a mainly Serb-oriented group and their Serb nationalism resulted in an inability to recruit or appeal to many non-Serbs. The Partisans played down communism in favour of a Popular Front approach which appealed to all Yugoslavs. In Bosnia, the Partisan rallying cry was for a country which was to be neither Serbian nor Croatian nor Muslim, but instead to be free and brotherly in which full equality of all groups would be ensured. Nevertheless, Serbs remained the dominant ethnic group in the Yugoslav Partisans throughout the war. Chetnik ethnic cleansing policies against the Muslims in Eastern Bosnia, and Dalmatia alienated Croats and Muslims from joining the Chetniks. Italian collaboration with Chetniks in <hl> northern Dalmatia <hl> resulted in atrocities which further galvanized support for the Partisans among Dalmatian Croats. Chetnik attacks on Gala, near Split, resulted in the slaughter of some 200 Croatian civilians.", "sentence_answer": "Italian collaboration with Chetniks in <hl> northern Dalmatia <hl> resulted in atrocities which further galvanized support for the Partisans among Dalmatian Croats.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcb92b22cd4dfcfbe928"}
-{"question": "In which century did the Ottoman Turks begin to cut off supply routes for Constantinople?", "paragraph": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "answer": "14th-century", "sentence": "In the mid- 14th-century , the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. <hl> In the mid- 14th-century , the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. <hl> On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-<hl> 14th-century <hl>, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "sentence_answer": "In the mid- <hl> 14th-century <hl> , the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3532b22cd4dfcfbd122"}
-{"question": "Where is Naugatuck located?", "paragraph": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "answer": "Connecticut", "sentence": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. <hl> The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Connecticut <hl> shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Connecticut <hl> shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e73a2b22cd4dfcfbd20a"}
-{"question": "What is high sugar intake associated with?", "paragraph": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk.  High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. \nThere is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "answer": "There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids", "sentence": "\n There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids , and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus.", "paragraph_sentence": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk. High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. <hl> There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids , and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. <hl> High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "paragraph_answer": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk. High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. <hl> There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids <hl>, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids <hl> , and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0de2b22cd4dfcfbcb7f"}
-{"question": "What is the name of Lord Krishna's love interest?", "paragraph": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "answer": "Radha", "sentence": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha 's", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha 's <hl> love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved <hl> Radha <hl>'s love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved <hl> Radha <hl> 's", "paragraph_id": "5d6787a92b22cd4dfcfbfe0d"}
-{"question": "What are the purpose of axons?", "paragraph": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "answer": "specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials", "sentence": "These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials ) \u2013", "paragraph_sentence": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. <hl> These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials ) \u2013 <hl> and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "paragraph_answer": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (<hl> specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials <hl>) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "sentence_answer": "These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( <hl> specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials <hl> ) \u2013", "paragraph_id": "5d67b34f2b22cd4dfcfbffd1"}
-{"question": "What is the dispute about when speaking the term URL or IRA?", "paragraph": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/.  There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "answer": "what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word", "sentence": " There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word .", "paragraph_sentence": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/. <hl> There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word . <hl> For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/. There is also some disagreement as to <hl> what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word <hl>. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": " There is also some disagreement as to <hl> what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65b1e82b22cd4dfcfbcb26"}
-{"question": "What research at Pitt is considered some of most important medical achievements today?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "answer": "breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development", "sentence": "The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. <hl> The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The <hl> breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development <hl> at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development <hl> at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6af2b22cd4dfcfbe804"}
-{"question": "What is the most common way in which formulas can become infinte?", "paragraph": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "answer": "infinite conjunctions and disjunctions", "sentence": "The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions .", "paragraph_sentence": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. <hl> The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions . <hl> However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "paragraph_answer": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through <hl> infinite conjunctions and disjunctions <hl>. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "sentence_answer": "The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through <hl> infinite conjunctions and disjunctions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666de62b22cd4dfcfbdebd"}
-{"question": "What did Pitt participate in at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter?", "paragraph": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union.\nIn addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "answer": "archaeological excavation", "sentence": "Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_sentence": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. <hl> Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the <hl> archaeological excavation <hl> at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the <hl> archaeological excavation <hl> at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_id": "5d6700ff2b22cd4dfcfbe9f7"}
-{"question": "When was the Valens Aqueduct built?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "the late 4th century", "sentence": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century , stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. <hl> The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century , stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. <hl> The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in <hl> the late 4th century <hl>, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in <hl> the late 4th century <hl> , stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b4172b22cd4dfcfbe404"}
-{"question": "What percentage of Manipuri are Hindus?", "paragraph": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "answer": "About 41.3%", "sentence": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. <hl> Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> About 41.3% <hl> of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> About 41.3% <hl> of Manipuri people are Hindus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6832562b22cd4dfcfc0660"}
-{"question": "Who were the winners of the Presidential election of 2012?", "paragraph": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "answer": "Obama and Biden", "sentence": "Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. <hl> Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden . <hl> In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by <hl> Obama and Biden <hl>. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "sentence_answer": "Romney and Ryan were defeated by <hl> Obama and Biden <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6733bb2b22cd4dfcfbf26e"}
-{"question": "How do most organotin compounds, liquid or solid, appear physically?", "paragraph": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "answer": "colorless", "sentence": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. <hl> They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "paragraph_answer": "Most organotin compounds are <hl> colorless <hl> liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "sentence_answer": "Most organotin compounds are <hl> colorless <hl> liquids or solids that are stable to air and water.", "paragraph_id": "5d676c892b22cd4dfcfbfafa"}
-{"question": "What part of the Connecticut Colony remained with the government of Hartford?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "New Haven", "sentence": "Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. <hl> Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, <hl> New Haven <hl> remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, <hl> New Haven <hl> remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde8"}
-{"question": "What borders the Andes to the east?", "paragraph": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "answer": "several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco,", "sentence": "To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. <hl> To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. <hl> In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by <hl> several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, <hl> that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "sentence_answer": "To the east, the Andes range is bounded by <hl> several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, <hl> that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America.", "paragraph_id": "5d6597ed2b22cd4dfcfbca4e"}
-{"question": "What humans first developed immunities to diseases spread by animals?", "paragraph": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "answer": "humans who first domesticated the big mammals", "sentence": "In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. <hl> In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. <hl> In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the <hl> humans who first domesticated the big mammals <hl> quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "sentence_answer": "In concordance with a process of natural selection, the <hl> humans who first domesticated the big mammals <hl> quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d1b62b22cd4dfcfc02aa"}
-{"question": "What do homeless people have a higher incidence of, that never get reported?", "paragraph": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "answer": "criminal victimization rate", "sentence": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. <hl> A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "paragraph_answer": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher <hl> criminal victimization rate <hl> than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "sentence_answer": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher <hl> criminal victimization rate <hl> than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607142b22cd4dfcfbd608"}
-{"question": "What disease is the worldwide leading cause of death?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "answer": "Cardiovascular diseases", "sentence": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. <hl> This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular diseases <hl> are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular diseases <hl> are the leading cause of death globally.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613dc2b22cd4dfcfbd7d1"}
-{"question": "What is another name for breaking out the puck?", "paragraph": "A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A one-timer is a shot struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. Headmanning the puck, also known as  breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice. Loafing, also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "answer": "Headmanning", "sentence": "Headmanning the puck, also known as  breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice.", "paragraph_sentence": "A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A one-timer is a shot struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. <hl> Headmanning the puck, also known as breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice. <hl> Loafing, also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "paragraph_answer": "A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A one-timer is a shot struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. <hl> Headmanning <hl> the puck, also known as breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice. Loafing, also known as cherry-picking, is when a player, usually a forward, skates behind an attacking team, instead of playing defense, in an attempt to create an easy scoring chance.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Headmanning <hl> the puck, also known as breaking out, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the ice.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7c32b22cd4dfcfbced0"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the agreement between the United States and the Pacific Islands?", "paragraph": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "answer": "Compact of Free Association", "sentence": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. <hl> The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the <hl> Compact of Free Association <hl> (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "sentence_answer": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the <hl> Compact of Free Association <hl> (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_id": "5d6771862b22cd4dfcfbfbef"}
-{"question": "How many feet tall is 40 Wall Street?", "paragraph": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "answer": "927", "sentence": "At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. <hl> At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. <hl> At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At <hl> 927 <hl> feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "sentence_answer": "At <hl> 927 <hl> feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724f12b22cd4dfcfbf097"}
-{"question": "If the object distance is negative then what kind of object does the lens see?", "paragraph": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "answer": "a so-called virtual object", "sentence": "It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object .", "paragraph_sentence": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. <hl> It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object . <hl> This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "paragraph_answer": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees <hl> a so-called virtual object <hl>. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "sentence_answer": "It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees <hl> a so-called virtual object <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ef2b22cd4dfcfbfcdd"}
-{"question": "On the Varsity Walk, what's the recognition awarded for athletic achievements called?", "paragraph": "Traditions related to athletics include the  \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements. The Annual Bonfire and Pep Rally which is hosted by the Pitt Program Council and is held prior to a select football game. Held on the lawn of the Cathedral of Learning, it often involves the band, cheerleaders, football team, visiting dignitaries, and giveaways. Homecoming, which revolves around another home football game each year, includes a traditional fireworks and a laser-light display between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning. This is followed by Casino Night in the union, the football game, and a homecoming cruise on a Gateway Clipper Party Liner. At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic (Panther Award) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "answer": "Panther Award", "sentence": "At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic ( Panther Award ) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "paragraph_sentence": "Traditions related to athletics include the \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements. The Annual Bonfire and Pep Rally which is hosted by the Pitt Program Council and is held prior to a select football game. Held on the lawn of the Cathedral of Learning, it often involves the band, cheerleaders, football team, visiting dignitaries, and giveaways. Homecoming, which revolves around another home football game each year, includes a traditional fireworks and a laser-light display between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning. This is followed by Casino Night in the union, the football game, and a homecoming cruise on a Gateway Clipper Party Liner. <hl> At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic ( Panther Award ) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Traditions related to athletics include the \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements. The Annual Bonfire and Pep Rally which is hosted by the Pitt Program Council and is held prior to a select football game. Held on the lawn of the Cathedral of Learning, it often involves the band, cheerleaders, football team, visiting dignitaries, and giveaways. Homecoming, which revolves around another home football game each year, includes a traditional fireworks and a laser-light display between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning. This is followed by Casino Night in the union, the football game, and a homecoming cruise on a Gateway Clipper Party Liner. At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic (<hl> Panther Award <hl>) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "sentence_answer": "At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic ( <hl> Panther Award <hl> ) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "paragraph_id": "5d676cb02b22cd4dfcfbfb06"}
-{"question": "What can the call stack mechanism help do?", "paragraph": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "answer": "could save significant amounts of memory.", "sentence": "Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "paragraph_sentence": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). <hl> Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism <hl> could save significant amounts of memory. <hl> Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "sentence_answer": "Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism <hl> could save significant amounts of memory. <hl> Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "paragraph_id": "5d674ed22b22cd4dfcfbf60c"}
-{"question": "What kind of design must ensure structures are able to endure loading without ever failing?", "paragraph": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "answer": "structural design", "sentence": "The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "paragraph_sentence": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. <hl> The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. The <hl> structural design <hl> must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> structural design <hl> must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "paragraph_id": "5d678d0a2b22cd4dfcfbfe64"}
-{"question": "What additional sales taxes can city and other local governments enforce?", "paragraph": "Connecticut levies a 6.35% state sales tax on the retail sale, lease, or rental of most goods. Some items and services in general are not subject to sales and use taxes unless specifically enumerated as taxable by statute. A provision excluding clothing under $50 from sales tax was repealed as of July 1, 2011. There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions. In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "answer": "no additional sales taxes", "sentence": "There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut levies a 6.35% state sales tax on the retail sale, lease, or rental of most goods. Some items and services in general are not subject to sales and use taxes unless specifically enumerated as taxable by statute. A provision excluding clothing under $50 from sales tax was repealed as of July 1, 2011. <hl> There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions. <hl> In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut levies a 6.35% state sales tax on the retail sale, lease, or rental of most goods. Some items and services in general are not subject to sales and use taxes unless specifically enumerated as taxable by statute. A provision excluding clothing under $50 from sales tax was repealed as of July 1, 2011. There are <hl> no additional sales taxes <hl> imposed by local jurisdictions. In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "sentence_answer": "There are <hl> no additional sales taxes <hl> imposed by local jurisdictions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6666472b22cd4dfcfbdddd"}
-{"question": "What percentage of cardiovascular disease deaths does high blood pressure account for?", "paragraph": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "answer": "High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths", "sentence": "High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths , while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%.", "paragraph_sentence": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. <hl> High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths , while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. <hl> Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "paragraph_answer": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. <hl> High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths <hl>, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths <hl> , while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%.", "paragraph_id": "5d6610bd2b22cd4dfcfbd77c"}
-{"question": "Are biomarkers useful in predicting the likelihood of cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "answer": "questionable", "sentence": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is <hl> questionable <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is <hl> questionable <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6612972b22cd4dfcfbd7b4"}
-{"question": "Which newspaper reported on Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is one of the highest-income places in the United States with a population greater than one million. As of 2012[update], Manhattan's cost of living was the highest in the United States, but the borough also contained the country's most profound level of income inequality. Manhattan is also the United States county with the highest per capita income, being the sole county whose per capita income exceeded $100,000 in 2010. In 2012, The New York Times reported that \"the income gap in Manhattan, already wider than almost anywhere else in the country, rivaled disparities in sub-Saharan Africa. ... The wealthiest fifth of Manhattanites made more than 40 times what the lowest fifth reported, a widening gap (it was 38 times, the year before) surpassed by only a few developing countries\".", "answer": "The New York Times", "sentence": "In 2012, The New York Times reported that \"the income gap in Manhattan, already wider than almost anywhere else in the country, rivaled disparities in sub-Saharan Africa. ...", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is one of the highest-income places in the United States with a population greater than one million. As of 2012[update], Manhattan's cost of living was the highest in the United States, but the borough also contained the country's most profound level of income inequality. Manhattan is also the United States county with the highest per capita income, being the sole county whose per capita income exceeded $100,000 in 2010. <hl> In 2012, The New York Times reported that \"the income gap in Manhattan, already wider than almost anywhere else in the country, rivaled disparities in sub-Saharan Africa. ... <hl> The wealthiest fifth of Manhattanites made more than 40 times what the lowest fifth reported, a widening gap (it was 38 times, the year before) surpassed by only a few developing countries\".", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is one of the highest-income places in the United States with a population greater than one million. As of 2012[update], Manhattan's cost of living was the highest in the United States, but the borough also contained the country's most profound level of income inequality. Manhattan is also the United States county with the highest per capita income, being the sole county whose per capita income exceeded $100,000 in 2010. In 2012, <hl> The New York Times <hl> reported that \"the income gap in Manhattan, already wider than almost anywhere else in the country, rivaled disparities in sub-Saharan Africa. ... The wealthiest fifth of Manhattanites made more than 40 times what the lowest fifth reported, a widening gap (it was 38 times, the year before) surpassed by only a few developing countries\".", "sentence_answer": "In 2012, <hl> The New York Times <hl> reported that \"the income gap in Manhattan, already wider than almost anywhere else in the country, rivaled disparities in sub-Saharan Africa. ...", "paragraph_id": "5d6766d22b22cd4dfcfbfa0e"}
-{"question": "What was closed down due to the annexation of Armenia?", "paragraph": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities.  There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "answer": "all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO", "sentence": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. <hl> After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., <hl> all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO <hl> were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "sentence_answer": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., <hl> all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO <hl> were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot.", "paragraph_id": "5d657d2e2b22cd4dfcfbc99a"}
-{"question": "Where does most of the complexity lie with the nervous system?", "paragraph": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "answer": "brain", "sentence": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. <hl> In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "paragraph_answer": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (<hl> brain <hl> and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "sentence_answer": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( <hl> brain <hl> and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710e72b22cd4dfcfbed24"}
-{"question": "What did the 1st president of the US call Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "answer": "The Provisions State", "sentence": "George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \" The Provisions State \" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort.", "paragraph_sentence": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. <hl> George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \" The Provisions State \" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. <hl> Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"<hl> The Provisions State <hl>\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "sentence_answer": "George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \" <hl> The Provisions State <hl> \" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7ab2b22cd4dfcfbd46c"}
-{"question": "What year did the founder of Mellon Bank graduate from Pitt?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "1837", "sentence": "It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837 ), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. <hl> It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837 ), graduated and later taught at WUP. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of <hl> 1837 <hl>), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of <hl> 1837 <hl> ), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe908"}
-{"question": "What state did the Quakers who opposed theatrical performances live in?", "paragraph": "Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature. Benjamin West was a noteworthy painter of historical subjects and two first-rate portrait painters emerged in John Copley and Gilbert Stuart, yet all three men spent much of their lives in London. Theater was more developed in the Southern colonies, especially South Carolina, but nowhere did stage works attain the level of Europe. Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "answer": "Pennsylvania", "sentence": "Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "paragraph_sentence": "Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature. Benjamin West was a noteworthy painter of historical subjects and two first-rate portrait painters emerged in John Copley and Gilbert Stuart, yet all three men spent much of their lives in London. Theater was more developed in the Southern colonies, especially South Carolina, but nowhere did stage works attain the level of Europe. <hl> Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature. Benjamin West was a noteworthy painter of historical subjects and two first-rate portrait painters emerged in John Copley and Gilbert Stuart, yet all three men spent much of their lives in London. Theater was more developed in the Southern colonies, especially South Carolina, but nowhere did stage works attain the level of Europe. Puritans in New England and Quakers in <hl> Pennsylvania <hl> opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "sentence_answer": "Puritans in New England and Quakers in <hl> Pennsylvania <hl> opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "paragraph_id": "5d6658b72b22cd4dfcfbdc66"}
-{"question": "In what district can you find the Valens Aqueduct?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "Fatih district", "sentence": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. <hl> The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district . <hl> The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the <hl> Fatih district <hl>. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the <hl> Fatih district <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b4172b22cd4dfcfbe405"}
-{"question": "The design of moveable or moving structures must account for what?", "paragraph": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "answer": "fatigue", "sentence": "The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue , variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "paragraph_sentence": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. <hl> The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue , variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for <hl> fatigue <hl>, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "sentence_answer": "The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for <hl> fatigue <hl> , variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "paragraph_id": "5d6789772b22cd4dfcfbfe2f"}
-{"question": "When did Haydarpasa Terminal begin operations?", "paragraph": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "answer": "1908", "sentence": "After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908 , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. <hl> After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908 , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. <hl> Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in <hl> 1908 <hl>, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "sentence_answer": "After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in <hl> 1908 <hl> , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d66068e2b22cd4dfcfbd5f6"}
-{"question": "What was the predecessor to Windows 7?", "paragraph": "On July 22, 2009, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.", "answer": "Windows Vista", "sentence": "Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista , which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible.", "paragraph_sentence": "On July 22, 2009, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. <hl> Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista , which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. <hl> Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.", "paragraph_answer": "On July 22, 2009, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. Unlike its predecessor, <hl> Windows Vista <hl>, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike its predecessor, <hl> Windows Vista <hl> , which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715b32b22cd4dfcfbee9f"}
-{"question": "What is the point where the axes meet?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "answer": "the origin for both", "sentence": "The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both , thus turning each axis into a number line.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. <hl> The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both , thus turning each axis into a number line. <hl> For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as <hl> the origin for both <hl>, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "sentence_answer": "The point where the axes meet is taken as <hl> the origin for both <hl> , thus turning each axis into a number line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714742b22cd4dfcfbee5f"}
-{"question": "When was the Georgia Colony founded?", "paragraph": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "answer": "1733", "sentence": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. <hl> At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "paragraph_answer": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in <hl> 1733 <hl> as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "sentence_answer": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in <hl> 1733 <hl> as a common solution to two problems.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fde92b22cd4dfcfbd4fb"}
-{"question": "Alternatives to infrastructure investment includes: reduced payroll taxes, providing tax credits to low income households, and what else?", "paragraph": "CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing aid to the unemployed, and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "answer": "aid to the unemployed", "sentence": "However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing aid to the unemployed , and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "paragraph_sentence": "CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. <hl> However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing aid to the unemployed , and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing <hl> aid to the unemployed <hl>, and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "sentence_answer": "However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing <hl> aid to the unemployed <hl> , and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ac482b22cd4dfcfbff8e"}
-{"question": "What services did the new release of Windows 8 allow for increased integration in?", "paragraph": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "answer": "cloud services", "sentence": "Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. <hl> Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. <hl> An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with <hl> cloud services <hl> and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "sentence_answer": "Other changes include increased integration with <hl> cloud services <hl> and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715cc2b22cd4dfcfbeeab"}
-{"question": "In what months does the ice reach its maximum?", "paragraph": "On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the archipelago west of Estonia, the Stockholm archipelago, and the Archipelago Sea southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. The thickness decreases farther south.", "answer": "February or March", "sentence": "The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice.", "paragraph_sentence": "On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the archipelago west of Estonia, the Stockholm archipelago, and the Archipelago Sea southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. <hl> The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. <hl> The thickness decreases farther south.", "paragraph_answer": "On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the archipelago west of Estonia, the Stockholm archipelago, and the Archipelago Sea southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. The ice reaches its maximum extent in <hl> February or March <hl>; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. The thickness decreases farther south.", "sentence_answer": "The ice reaches its maximum extent in <hl> February or March <hl> ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice.", "paragraph_id": "5d66193b2b22cd4dfcfbd89b"}
-{"question": "What is the SMS acronym for girlfriend?", "paragraph": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "answer": "GF", "sentence": "To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \" GF \" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream.", "paragraph_sentence": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). <hl> To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \" GF \" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. <hl> Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "paragraph_answer": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"<hl> GF <hl>\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "sentence_answer": "To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \" <hl> GF <hl> \" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream.", "paragraph_id": "5d657b002b22cd4dfcfbc966"}
-{"question": "Surnames were uncommon prior to what century?", "paragraph": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "answer": "12th", "sentence": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler').", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). <hl> This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the <hl> 12th <hl> century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the <hl> 12th <hl> century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler').", "paragraph_id": "5d6703f72b22cd4dfcfbea86"}
-{"question": "Who were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen?", "paragraph": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "answer": "The Partisans", "sentence": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. <hl> For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Partisans <hl> were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Partisans <hl> were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans.", "paragraph_id": "5d6798002b22cd4dfcfbfeb2"}
-{"question": "Who was Mao Zedong fighting in a civil war originally, then cooperated to fight the Japanese?", "paragraph": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "answer": "Kuomintang", "sentence": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. <hl> In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. <hl> In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the <hl> Kuomintang <hl> and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "sentence_answer": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the <hl> Kuomintang <hl> and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f51f2b22cd4dfcfbe783"}
-{"question": "The Allies fought against what coalition?", "paragraph": "The German invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the substantial realignment of multiple Soviet policies. The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the Axis Powers. The war brought the threat of physical disintegration of the Soviet Union, as German forces were initially welcomed as liberators by many Belarussians, Georgians,[citation needed] and Ukrainians.[failed verification] Soviet forces initially faced disastrous losses from 1941 to 1942. Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification]", "answer": "Axis", "sentence": "The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the Axis Powers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The German invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the substantial realignment of multiple Soviet policies. <hl> The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the Axis Powers. <hl> The war brought the threat of physical disintegration of the Soviet Union, as German forces were initially welcomed as liberators by many Belarussians, Georgians,[citation needed] and Ukrainians.[failed verification] Soviet forces initially faced disastrous losses from 1941 to 1942. Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification]", "paragraph_answer": "The German invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the substantial realignment of multiple Soviet policies. The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the <hl> Axis <hl> Powers. The war brought the threat of physical disintegration of the Soviet Union, as German forces were initially welcomed as liberators by many Belarussians, Georgians,[citation needed] and Ukrainians.[failed verification] Soviet forces initially faced disastrous losses from 1941 to 1942. Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification]", "sentence_answer": "The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the <hl> Axis <hl> Powers.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723842b22cd4dfcfbf04f"}
-{"question": "In what year did more women begin to earn more bachelor's degrees than men?", "paragraph": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "answer": "2011", "sentence": "As of 2011 [update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men.", "paragraph_sentence": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. <hl> As of 2011 [update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. <hl> The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "paragraph_answer": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of <hl> 2011 <hl>[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "sentence_answer": "As of <hl> 2011 <hl> [update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men.", "paragraph_id": "5d6780dc2b22cd4dfcfbfda3"}
-{"question": "How did the slave trade negatively impact Africa?", "paragraph": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"  Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "answer": "the significant decline in population,", "sentence": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. <hl> With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "paragraph_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely <hl> the significant decline in population, <hl> some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "sentence_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely <hl> the significant decline in population, <hl> some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b8722b22cd4dfcfbe44c"}
-{"question": "What represents the greatest amount of surviving secular art from Late Antiquity?", "paragraph": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "answer": "consular diptychs", "sentence": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. <hl> In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "paragraph_answer": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example <hl> consular diptychs <hl> represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "sentence_answer": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example <hl> consular diptychs <hl> represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity.", "paragraph_id": "5d68220b2b22cd4dfcfc05f2"}
-{"question": "What does Connecticut allow if taxes are paid in other states?", "paragraph": "All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction. Since New York and Massachusetts have higher tax rates than Connecticut, this effectively means that Connecticut residents that work in those states have no Connecticut income tax withheld. Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "answer": "a credit", "sentence": "Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "paragraph_sentence": "All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction. Since New York and Massachusetts have higher tax rates than Connecticut, this effectively means that Connecticut residents that work in those states have no Connecticut income tax withheld. <hl> Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction. Since New York and Massachusetts have higher tax rates than Connecticut, this effectively means that Connecticut residents that work in those states have no Connecticut income tax withheld. Connecticut permits <hl> a credit <hl> for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut permits <hl> a credit <hl> for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665742b22cd4dfcfbddb9"}
-{"question": "What is neuroethology and neuropsychology?", "paragraph": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "answer": "how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors", "sentence": "The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors .", "paragraph_sentence": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? <hl> The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors . <hl> Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "paragraph_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of <hl> how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors <hl>. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "sentence_answer": "The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of <hl> how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b3d82b22cd4dfcfbffd9"}
-{"question": "What is Oxford considered?", "paragraph": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "answer": "the oldest university in the English-speaking world", "sentence": "The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world .", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. <hl> The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world . <hl> Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, <hl> the oldest university in the English-speaking world <hl>. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "sentence_answer": "The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, <hl> the oldest university in the English-speaking world <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67355a2b22cd4dfcfbf28a"}
-{"question": "In what year are the first photographs and team lists?", "paragraph": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "answer": "1895", "sentence": "The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. <hl> The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895 . <hl> This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "paragraph_answer": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from <hl> 1895 <hl>. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "sentence_answer": "The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from <hl> 1895 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66635b2b22cd4dfcfbdd65"}
-{"question": "A revolutionary vanguard is made up of what class of people?", "paragraph": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "answer": "working class", "sentence": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. <hl> The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "paragraph_answer": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the <hl> working class <hl> who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "sentence_answer": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the <hl> working class <hl> who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle.", "paragraph_id": "5d6729d12b22cd4dfcfbf138"}
-{"question": "What other special purpose divisions exist separately?", "paragraph": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts.", "answer": "conservation districts and Congressional districts", "sentence": "Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts .", "paragraph_sentence": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. <hl> Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include <hl> conservation districts and Congressional districts <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include <hl> conservation districts and Congressional districts <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6770222b22cd4dfcfbfbbb"}
-{"question": "What are the days that the Australian Senate works grouped into?", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "answer": "sitting fortnights", "sentence": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into ' sitting fortnights ' of two four-day weeks.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into ' sitting fortnights ' of two four-day weeks. <hl> These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into '<hl> sitting fortnights <hl>' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "sentence_answer": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into ' <hl> sitting fortnights <hl> ' of two four-day weeks.", "paragraph_id": "5d66d9f02b22cd4dfcfbe4d1"}
-{"question": "Who was hoping that Germany could conquer the Netherlands in one day?", "paragraph": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "answer": "Adolf Hitler", "sentence": "Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance.", "paragraph_sentence": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. <hl> Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. <hl> The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "paragraph_answer": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. <hl> Adolf Hitler <hl> had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Adolf Hitler <hl> had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ffb72b22cd4dfcfbe9cd"}
-{"question": "Which two people orchestrated the Connecticut Compromise?", "paragraph": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "answer": "Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth", "sentence": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. <hl> This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "paragraph_answer": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which <hl> Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth <hl> helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "sentence_answer": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which <hl> Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth <hl> helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise.", "paragraph_id": "5d667d672b22cd4dfcfbe08d"}
-{"question": "How do you identify point coordinates in a two-dimensional plane?", "paragraph": "There is no natural interpretation of multiplying vectors to obtain another vector that works in all dimensions, however there is a way to use complex numbers to provide such a multiplication. In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number z = x + iy. Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1), so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. Since the complex numbers can be multiplied giving another complex number, this identification provides a means to \"multiply\" vectors. In a three dimensional cartesian space a similar identification can be made with a subset of the quaternions.", "answer": "z = x + iy", "sentence": "In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number z = x + iy .", "paragraph_sentence": "There is no natural interpretation of multiplying vectors to obtain another vector that works in all dimensions, however there is a way to use complex numbers to provide such a multiplication. <hl> In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number z = x + iy . <hl> Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1), so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. Since the complex numbers can be multiplied giving another complex number, this identification provides a means to \"multiply\" vectors. In a three dimensional cartesian space a similar identification can be made with a subset of the quaternions.", "paragraph_answer": "There is no natural interpretation of multiplying vectors to obtain another vector that works in all dimensions, however there is a way to use complex numbers to provide such a multiplication. In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number <hl> z = x + iy <hl>. Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1), so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. Since the complex numbers can be multiplied giving another complex number, this identification provides a means to \"multiply\" vectors. In a three dimensional cartesian space a similar identification can be made with a subset of the quaternions.", "sentence_answer": "In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number <hl> z = x + iy <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6676c92b22cd4dfcfbe00d"}
-{"question": "Why was this rock chosen?", "paragraph": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape.  The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "answer": "compressive strength", "sentence": "Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa =", "paragraph_sentence": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape. The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. <hl> Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = <hl> Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "paragraph_answer": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape. The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the <hl> compressive strength <hl> of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "sentence_answer": "Since the <hl> compressive strength <hl> of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa =", "paragraph_id": "5d675f612b22cd4dfcfbf8fa"}
-{"question": "What was the political party of the congressional candidate that won the 2008 election in Fairfield County?", "paragraph": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "answer": "Democrat", "sentence": "Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democrat ic, liberal towns in Fairfield County.", "paragraph_sentence": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. <hl> Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democrat ic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. <hl> The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "paragraph_answer": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally <hl> Democrat <hl>ic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "sentence_answer": "Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally <hl> Democrat <hl> ic, liberal towns in Fairfield County.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f4a62b22cd4dfcfbd3e6"}
-{"question": "Who supported Portugal in their campaign to take over Southwest Angola?", "paragraph": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "answer": "Kingdom of Kongo", "sentence": "In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. <hl> In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. <hl> Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the <hl> Kingdom of Kongo <hl>, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "sentence_answer": "In 1571 Portugal, supported by the <hl> Kingdom of Kongo <hl> , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a0c72b22cd4dfcfbe37e"}
-{"question": "When did Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "March 1917", "sentence": "In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl>, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl> , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815de2b22cd4dfcfc057e"}
-{"question": "Which two states came to be almost completely dependent on tobacco?", "paragraph": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "answer": "Virginia and Maryland", "sentence": "Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. <hl> Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. <hl> Virginia and Maryland <hl> came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Virginia and Maryland <hl> came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607e52b22cd4dfcfbd637"}
-{"question": "Wha letters does the labeling of Koppen classification span?", "paragraph": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation.  The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "answer": "A through E", "sentence": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E .", "paragraph_sentence": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. <hl> The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E . <hl> Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_answer": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled <hl> A through E <hl>. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "sentence_answer": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled <hl> A through E <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677c722b22cd4dfcfbfd41"}
-{"question": "What would the formula be in the example given?", "paragraph": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as \n\n\n\n\nf\n(\nx\n)\n=\n\n\n\nx\n\n2\n\n\n\u2212\n5\nx\n+\n6\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}}\n\n may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "answer": "f(x) = 4 \u2212 x", "sentence": "So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x .", "paragraph_sentence": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. <hl> So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x . <hl> Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "paragraph_answer": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write <hl> f(x) = 4 \u2212 x <hl>. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "sentence_answer": "So in this example many just write <hl> f(x) = 4 \u2212 x <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c92b22cd4dfcfbd831"}
-{"question": "In what year was the material removed during the building of the World Trade Center?", "paragraph": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "answer": "1968", "sentence": "When building the World Trade Center in 1968 , 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. <hl> When building the World Trade Center in 1968 , 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. <hl> Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "paragraph_answer": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in <hl> 1968 <hl>, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "sentence_answer": "When building the World Trade Center in <hl> 1968 <hl> , 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site.", "paragraph_id": "5d6720db2b22cd4dfcfbf002"}
-{"question": "Which group has exclusive jurisdiction concerning DC?", "paragraph": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "answer": "United States Congress", "sentence": "The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council.", "paragraph_sentence": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. <hl> The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. <hl> Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_answer": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the <hl> United States Congress <hl> exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "sentence_answer": "The District does not form part of any state and the <hl> United States Congress <hl> exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee052b22cd4dfcfc0419"}
-{"question": "Where do the seals that make the ice cover their home seek their food?", "paragraph": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "answer": "underneath the ice", "sentence": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. <hl> Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "paragraph_answer": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed <hl> underneath the ice <hl> and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "sentence_answer": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed <hl> underneath the ice <hl> and breed on its surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c12b22cd4dfcfbd824"}
-{"question": "What did the researchers suggest disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional and attempted harms?", "paragraph": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral\njudgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why\nwere moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other\nmorally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either\naccount, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "answer": "TMS to the RTPJ", "sentence": "So why\nwere moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ ?", "paragraph_sentence": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. <hl> So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ ? <hl> One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "paragraph_answer": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by <hl> TMS to the RTPJ <hl>? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "sentence_answer": "So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by <hl> TMS to the RTPJ <hl> ?", "paragraph_id": "5d6754ac2b22cd4dfcfbf740"}
-{"question": "How many total pounds of material were retrieved in 2003?", "paragraph": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "answer": "2,450 lb", "sentence": "This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( 2,450 lb ) of material in 2003.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. <hl> This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( 2,450 lb ) of material in 2003. <hl> Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (<hl> 2,450 lb <hl>) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( <hl> 2,450 lb <hl> ) of material in 2003.", "paragraph_id": "5d663eb52b22cd4dfcfbdb78"}
-{"question": "What festivals does Rotterdam celebrate?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed]  Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music.\nThere are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "answer": "\"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days", "sentence": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days . <hl> In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired <hl> \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days <hl>. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired <hl> \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9422b22cd4dfcfc0088"}
-{"question": "Did women favor Republicans or Democrats?", "paragraph": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "answer": "Democrats", "sentence": "They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. <hl> They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. <hl> Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described <hl> Democrats <hl> had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "sentence_answer": "They found that self-described <hl> Democrats <hl> had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714892b22cd4dfcfbee66"}
-{"question": "Which of the parents last names is commonly used by children?", "paragraph": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "answer": "fathers'", "sentence": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Children typically use their fathers' last names only. <hl> Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "paragraph_answer": "Children typically use their <hl> fathers' <hl> last names only. Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "sentence_answer": "Children typically use their <hl> fathers' <hl> last names only.", "paragraph_id": "5d675c4e2b22cd4dfcfbf86e"}
-{"question": "How much money does Pitt give in community support per year?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "$1.7 billion", "sentence": "These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. <hl> These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. <hl> The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than <hl> $1.7 billion <hl> in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than <hl> $1.7 billion <hl> in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf40e"}
-{"question": "Who is Bob Riley?", "paragraph": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "answer": "Governor of Alabama", "sentence": "On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama , Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. <hl> On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama , Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. <hl> Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "paragraph_answer": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On 31 May 2007, the <hl> Governor of Alabama <hl>, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "sentence_answer": "On 31 May 2007, the <hl> Governor of Alabama <hl> , Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects.", "paragraph_id": "5d6686be2b22cd4dfcfbe1ca"}
-{"question": "How cold can it get in northeastern India?", "paragraph": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "answer": "In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F)", "sentence": "In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) , bringing frost.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). <hl> In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) , bringing frost. <hl> Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). <hl> In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) <hl>, bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) <hl> , bringing frost.", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee52b22cd4dfcfbecb9"}
-{"question": "Which country was the last European State to convert to Christianity?", "paragraph": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "answer": "Lithuania", "sentence": "Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "paragraph_sentence": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. <hl> Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. <hl> Lithuania <hl> was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Lithuania <hl> was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "paragraph_id": "5d665e2f2b22cd4dfcfbdcc0"}
-{"question": "What color cord does someone receive for completing OCC?", "paragraph": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "answer": "green", "sentence": "Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. <hl> Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a <hl> green <hl> cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "sentence_answer": "Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a <hl> green <hl> cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c58a2b22cd4dfcfc01a2"}
-{"question": "Who must conduct analysis of operations when governments are implementing decentralization?", "paragraph": "Analysis of operations\nProject and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.  Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "answer": "Project and program planners", "sentence": "Analysis of operations\n Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Analysis of operations Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. <hl> Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "paragraph_answer": "Analysis of operations <hl> Project and program planners <hl> must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "sentence_answer": "Analysis of operations <hl> Project and program planners <hl> must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674522b22cd4dfcfbdf92"}
-{"question": "What axis the Andes Mountain formed?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "answer": "north-south", "sentence": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. <hl> A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains form a <hl> north-south <hl> axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "sentence_answer": "The Andes Mountains form a <hl> north-south <hl> axis of cultural influences.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608c82b22cd4dfcfbd655"}
-{"question": "The \"pioneer crops\" were named by who?", "paragraph": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary, who highlighted importance of the three cereals, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later. Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. Gordon Hillman and Stuart Davies carried out experiments with wild wheat varieties to show that the process of domestication would have happened over a relatively short period of between twenty and two hundred years. Some of these pioneering attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later: rye, tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia, made its way to Europe as weed seeds and was successfully domesticated in Europe, thousands of years after the earliest agriculture. Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. This process of domestication allowed the founder crops to adapt and eventually become larger, more easily harvested, more dependable in storage and more useful to the human population", "answer": "Daniel Zohary", "sentence": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary , who highlighted importance of the three cereals, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by Daniel Zohary , who highlighted importance of the three cereals, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later. <hl> Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. Gordon Hillman and Stuart Davies carried out experiments with wild wheat varieties to show that the process of domestication would have happened over a relatively short period of between twenty and two hundred years. Some of these pioneering attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later: rye, tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia, made its way to Europe as weed seeds and was successfully domesticated in Europe, thousands of years after the earliest agriculture. Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. This process of domestication allowed the founder crops to adapt and eventually become larger, more easily harvested, more dependable in storage and more useful to the human population", "paragraph_answer": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by <hl> Daniel Zohary <hl>, who highlighted importance of the three cereals, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later. Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. Gordon Hillman and Stuart Davies carried out experiments with wild wheat varieties to show that the process of domestication would have happened over a relatively short period of between twenty and two hundred years. Some of these pioneering attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later: rye, tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia, made its way to Europe as weed seeds and was successfully domesticated in Europe, thousands of years after the earliest agriculture. Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. This process of domestication allowed the founder crops to adapt and eventually become larger, more easily harvested, more dependable in storage and more useful to the human population", "sentence_answer": "Several plant species, the \"pioneer crops\" or Neolithic founder crops were named by <hl> Daniel Zohary <hl> , who highlighted importance of the three cereals, and suggesting domestication of flax, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch and lentil came a little later.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee9b2b22cd4dfcfbe5c2"}
-{"question": "What was the murder rate in 2008?", "paragraph": "By the 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. The outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination of immigrants from around the world, joining with low interest rates and Wall Street bonuses to fuel the growth of the real estate market. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in Manhattan's economy.", "answer": "537", "sentence": "Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. <hl> Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. <hl> The outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination of immigrants from around the world, joining with low interest rates and Wall Street bonuses to fuel the growth of the real estate market. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in Manhattan's economy.", "paragraph_answer": "By the 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to <hl> 537 <hl> by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. The outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination of immigrants from around the world, joining with low interest rates and Wall Street bonuses to fuel the growth of the real estate market. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in Manhattan's economy.", "sentence_answer": "Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to <hl> 537 <hl> by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2c22b22cd4dfcfc0398"}
-{"question": "What helps bolster high technology startup companies in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "answer": "New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center", "sentence": "High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity.", "paragraph_sentence": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. <hl> High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. <hl> Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "paragraph_answer": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by <hl> New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center <hl>, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "sentence_answer": "High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by <hl> New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center <hl> , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6847d42b22cd4dfcfc06b2"}
-{"question": "What does Bar mean in Aramaic?", "paragraph": "As part of Hebrew patronymic names, Ben is followed by the father's name, e.g. ben adam (Hebrew: \u05d1\u05df \u05d0\u05d3\u05dd\u200e) or Abraham ben Abraham. Bar-, \"son of\" in Aramaic, is used likewise, e.g. Meir Bar-Ilan. Ben (Hebrew: \u05d1\u05b6\u05bc\u05df\u200e, son of) also forms part of Hebrew names, e.g. Benjamin.", "answer": "\"son of\"", "sentence": "Bar-, \"son of\" in Aramaic, is used likewise, e.g. Meir Bar-Ilan.", "paragraph_sentence": "As part of Hebrew patronymic names, Ben is followed by the father's name, e.g. ben adam (Hebrew: \u05d1\u05df \u05d0\u05d3\u05dd\u200e) or Abraham ben Abraham. <hl> Bar-, \"son of\" in Aramaic, is used likewise, e.g. Meir Bar-Ilan. <hl> Ben (Hebrew: \u05d1\u05b6\u05bc\u05df\u200e, son of) also forms part of Hebrew names, e.g. Benjamin.", "paragraph_answer": "As part of Hebrew patronymic names, Ben is followed by the father's name, e.g. ben adam (Hebrew: \u05d1\u05df \u05d0\u05d3\u05dd\u200e) or Abraham ben Abraham. Bar-, <hl> \"son of\" <hl> in Aramaic, is used likewise, e.g. Meir Bar-Ilan. Ben (Hebrew: \u05d1\u05b6\u05bc\u05df\u200e, son of) also forms part of Hebrew names, e.g. Benjamin.", "sentence_answer": "Bar-, <hl> \"son of\" <hl> in Aramaic, is used likewise, e.g. Meir Bar-Ilan.", "paragraph_id": "5d673c5b2b22cd4dfcfbf39d"}
-{"question": "What was being taught as a base learning experience to help the homeless with employment?", "paragraph": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "answer": "computer classes", "sentence": "Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009).", "paragraph_sentence": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. <hl> Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). <hl> After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "paragraph_answer": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in <hl> computer classes <hl> being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "sentence_answer": "Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in <hl> computer classes <hl> being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009).", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1fb2b22cd4dfcfbd385"}
-{"question": "Who was the son of Prescott Bush?", "paragraph": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "answer": "George H.W. Bush", "sentence": "Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush.", "paragraph_sentence": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. <hl> Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. <hl> He served 1953\u201363.", "paragraph_answer": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President <hl> George H.W. Bush <hl> and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "sentence_answer": "Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President <hl> George H.W. Bush <hl> and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f58c2b22cd4dfcfbd413"}
-{"question": "How many members are in the facebook-coordinated volunteer group, H.O.P.E.?", "paragraph": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "answer": "800", "sentence": "There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800 -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. <hl> There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800 -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated <hl> 800 <hl>-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "sentence_answer": "There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated <hl> 800 <hl> -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662ac2b22cd4dfcfbdd49"}
-{"question": "What does Shumang mean?", "paragraph": "Secular theatre is mostly confined to themes that are not religious; it is performed in the secular or profane spheres. In these are Shumang lila and Phampak lila (stage drama). Shumang lila is very popular. Etymologically Shumang lila is the combination of \"Shumang\" (courtyard) and \"Lila\" (play or performance). It is performed in an area of 13\u00d713 ft in the centre of any open space, in a very simple style without a raised stage, set design, or heavy props such as curtains, background scenery, and visual effects. It uses one table and two chairs, kept on one side of the performance space.  Its claim as the \"theatre of the masses\" is underlined by the way it is performed in the middle of an audience that surrounds it, leaving one passage as entrance and exit.[citation needed]", "answer": "courtyard", "sentence": "Etymologically Shumang lila is the combination of \"Shumang\" ( courtyard )", "paragraph_sentence": "Secular theatre is mostly confined to themes that are not religious; it is performed in the secular or profane spheres. In these are Shumang lila and Phampak lila (stage drama). Shumang lila is very popular. <hl> Etymologically Shumang lila is the combination of \"Shumang\" ( courtyard ) <hl> and \"Lila\" (play or performance). It is performed in an area of 13\u00d713 ft in the centre of any open space, in a very simple style without a raised stage, set design, or heavy props such as curtains, background scenery, and visual effects. It uses one table and two chairs, kept on one side of the performance space. Its claim as the \"theatre of the masses\" is underlined by the way it is performed in the middle of an audience that surrounds it, leaving one passage as entrance and exit.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Secular theatre is mostly confined to themes that are not religious; it is performed in the secular or profane spheres. In these are Shumang lila and Phampak lila (stage drama). Shumang lila is very popular. Etymologically Shumang lila is the combination of \"Shumang\" (<hl> courtyard <hl>) and \"Lila\" (play or performance). It is performed in an area of 13\u00d713 ft in the centre of any open space, in a very simple style without a raised stage, set design, or heavy props such as curtains, background scenery, and visual effects. It uses one table and two chairs, kept on one side of the performance space. Its claim as the \"theatre of the masses\" is underlined by the way it is performed in the middle of an audience that surrounds it, leaving one passage as entrance and exit.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Etymologically Shumang lila is the combination of \"Shumang\" ( <hl> courtyard <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d6768e22b22cd4dfcfbfa6f"}
-{"question": "By what degree is ischemic heart disease reduced in adults who participate in 150 minutes of physical activity a week?", "paragraph": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide.  In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active.  \nThe risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "answer": "a third", "sentence": " \nThe risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent).", "paragraph_sentence": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active. <hl> The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). <hl> In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "paragraph_answer": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active. The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost <hl> a third <hl> in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "sentence_answer": " The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost <hl> a third <hl> in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0282b22cd4dfcfbcb61"}
-{"question": "In what year was Montreal's Victoria Rink demolished?", "paragraph": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "answer": "The Stannus Street Rink", "sentence": "The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. <hl> The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. <hl> The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "paragraph_answer": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. <hl> The Stannus Street Rink <hl> in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Stannus Street Rink <hl> in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b842b22cd4dfcfbde7d"}
-{"question": "Where did pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration?", "paragraph": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "answer": "In America", "sentence": "In America , pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In America , pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. <hl> These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> In America <hl>, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In America <hl> , pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c06b2b22cd4dfcfc015c"}
-{"question": "What is the call stack mechanism known for?", "paragraph": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "answer": "the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management", "sentence": "Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management .", "paragraph_sentence": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. <hl> Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as <hl> the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as <hl> the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674ed22b22cd4dfcfbf60a"}
-{"question": "How many electoral districts are there?", "paragraph": "The incumbent mayor of the city is Kadir Topba\u015f of the AKP, who was first elected in the 2004 local elections and succeeded Ali M\u00fcfit G\u00fcrtuna of the closed down Welfare Party. He was re-elected in 2009 and 2014. The leader of the CHP and parliamentary opposition, Kemal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu, ran against Topba\u015f in the 2009 local elections. He is currently a Member of Parliament for \u0130stanbul. Between 2007 and 2014, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan was also an MP for \u0130stanbul. For general elections, the city is divided into 3 electoral districts and returns 85 MPs to the Turkish parliament. In the 2014 presidential election, 49.83% of the city's electorate voted for AKP candidate Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan. Although Erdo\u011fan won the most votes in \u0130stanbul, his failure to win above 50% was seen as significant. Opposition candidate Ekmeleddin \u0130hsano\u011flu came second with 41.08% and the HDP pro-Kurdish and left-wing candidate Selahattin Demirta\u015f won a substantial 9.09%. In 2013 and 2014, large-scale anti-AKP government protests began in \u0130stanbul and spread throughout the nation.", "answer": "3 electoral districts", "sentence": "For general elections, the city is divided into 3 electoral districts and returns 85 MPs to the Turkish parliament.", "paragraph_sentence": "The incumbent mayor of the city is Kadir Topba\u015f of the AKP, who was first elected in the 2004 local elections and succeeded Ali M\u00fcfit G\u00fcrtuna of the closed down Welfare Party. He was re-elected in 2009 and 2014. The leader of the CHP and parliamentary opposition, Kemal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu, ran against Topba\u015f in the 2009 local elections. He is currently a Member of Parliament for \u0130stanbul. Between 2007 and 2014, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan was also an MP for \u0130stanbul. <hl> For general elections, the city is divided into 3 electoral districts and returns 85 MPs to the Turkish parliament. <hl> In the 2014 presidential election, 49.83% of the city's electorate voted for AKP candidate Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan. Although Erdo\u011fan won the most votes in \u0130stanbul, his failure to win above 50% was seen as significant. Opposition candidate Ekmeleddin \u0130hsano\u011flu came second with 41.08% and the HDP pro-Kurdish and left-wing candidate Selahattin Demirta\u015f won a substantial 9.09%. In 2013 and 2014, large-scale anti-AKP government protests began in \u0130stanbul and spread throughout the nation.", "paragraph_answer": "The incumbent mayor of the city is Kadir Topba\u015f of the AKP, who was first elected in the 2004 local elections and succeeded Ali M\u00fcfit G\u00fcrtuna of the closed down Welfare Party. He was re-elected in 2009 and 2014. The leader of the CHP and parliamentary opposition, Kemal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu, ran against Topba\u015f in the 2009 local elections. He is currently a Member of Parliament for \u0130stanbul. Between 2007 and 2014, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan was also an MP for \u0130stanbul. For general elections, the city is divided into <hl> 3 electoral districts <hl> and returns 85 MPs to the Turkish parliament. In the 2014 presidential election, 49.83% of the city's electorate voted for AKP candidate Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan. Although Erdo\u011fan won the most votes in \u0130stanbul, his failure to win above 50% was seen as significant. Opposition candidate Ekmeleddin \u0130hsano\u011flu came second with 41.08% and the HDP pro-Kurdish and left-wing candidate Selahattin Demirta\u015f won a substantial 9.09%. In 2013 and 2014, large-scale anti-AKP government protests began in \u0130stanbul and spread throughout the nation.", "sentence_answer": "For general elections, the city is divided into <hl> 3 electoral districts <hl> and returns 85 MPs to the Turkish parliament.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ee292b22cd4dfcfbd305"}
-{"question": "What did people need to own in order to vote?", "paragraph": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "answer": "property", "sentence": "First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote.", "paragraph_sentence": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. <hl> First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. <hl> While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "paragraph_answer": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of <hl> property <hl> allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "sentence_answer": "First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of <hl> property <hl> allowed to vote.", "paragraph_id": "5d66872f2b22cd4dfcfbe1d0"}
-{"question": "What kind of work did the merchants have the newly arrived immigrants do in their homes?", "paragraph": "Some immigrants who just arrived purchased farms and shared in this export wealth, but many poor German and Irish immigrants were forced to work as agricultural wage laborers. Merchants and artisans also hired these homeless workers for a domestic system for the manufacture of cloth and other goods. Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth. Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. The Mid-Atlantic region, by 1750, was divided by both ethnic background and wealth.", "answer": "spinning the materials into yarn and cloth", "sentence": "Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth .", "paragraph_sentence": "Some immigrants who just arrived purchased farms and shared in this export wealth, but many poor German and Irish immigrants were forced to work as agricultural wage laborers. Merchants and artisans also hired these homeless workers for a domestic system for the manufacture of cloth and other goods. <hl> Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth . <hl> Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. The Mid-Atlantic region, by 1750, was divided by both ethnic background and wealth.", "paragraph_answer": "Some immigrants who just arrived purchased farms and shared in this export wealth, but many poor German and Irish immigrants were forced to work as agricultural wage laborers. Merchants and artisans also hired these homeless workers for a domestic system for the manufacture of cloth and other goods. Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes <hl> spinning the materials into yarn and cloth <hl>. Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. The Mid-Atlantic region, by 1750, was divided by both ethnic background and wealth.", "sentence_answer": "Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes <hl> spinning the materials into yarn and cloth <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c592b22cd4dfcfbd6ed"}
-{"question": "What does an interpretation of a first-order model specify?", "paragraph": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables. These entities form the domain of discourse or universe, which is usually required to be a nonempty set. For example, in interpretation with the domain of discourse consisting of all human beings and the predicate \"is a philosopher\" understood as \"was the author of the Republic\", the sentence \"There exists a such that a is a philosopher\" is seen as being true, as witnessed by Plato.", "answer": "what each predicate means", "sentence": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables. <hl> These entities form the domain of discourse or universe, which is usually required to be a nonempty set. For example, in interpretation with the domain of discourse consisting of all human beings and the predicate \"is a philosopher\" understood as \"was the author of the Republic\", the sentence \"There exists a such that a is a philosopher\" is seen as being true, as witnessed by Plato.", "paragraph_answer": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies <hl> what each predicate means <hl> and the entities that can instantiate the variables. These entities form the domain of discourse or universe, which is usually required to be a nonempty set. For example, in interpretation with the domain of discourse consisting of all human beings and the predicate \"is a philosopher\" understood as \"was the author of the Republic\", the sentence \"There exists a such that a is a philosopher\" is seen as being true, as witnessed by Plato.", "sentence_answer": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies <hl> what each predicate means <hl> and the entities that can instantiate the variables.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b67f2b22cd4dfcfbe437"}
-{"question": "About how many slaves were brought to what is now the U.S.?", "paragraph": "About 600,000 slaves were imported into what is now the U.S., or 5% of the 12 million slaves brought from Africa. The great majority went to sugarcane-growing colonies in the Caribbean and to Brazil, where life expectancy was short and the numbers had to be continually replenished. Life expectancy was much greater in the North American colonies (because of better food, less disease, lighter work loads, and better medical care) so the numbers grew rapidly by excesses of births over deaths, reaching 4 million by the 1860 Census. From 1770 until 1860, the rate of natural growth of North American slaves was much greater than for the population of any nation in Europe, and was nearly twice as rapid as that of England.", "answer": "600,000", "sentence": "About 600,000 slaves were imported into what is now the U.S., or 5% of the 12 million slaves brought from Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> About 600,000 slaves were imported into what is now the U.S., or 5% of the 12 million slaves brought from Africa. <hl> The great majority went to sugarcane-growing colonies in the Caribbean and to Brazil, where life expectancy was short and the numbers had to be continually replenished. Life expectancy was much greater in the North American colonies (because of better food, less disease, lighter work loads, and better medical care) so the numbers grew rapidly by excesses of births over deaths, reaching 4 million by the 1860 Census. From 1770 until 1860, the rate of natural growth of North American slaves was much greater than for the population of any nation in Europe, and was nearly twice as rapid as that of England.", "paragraph_answer": "About <hl> 600,000 <hl> slaves were imported into what is now the U.S., or 5% of the 12 million slaves brought from Africa. The great majority went to sugarcane-growing colonies in the Caribbean and to Brazil, where life expectancy was short and the numbers had to be continually replenished. Life expectancy was much greater in the North American colonies (because of better food, less disease, lighter work loads, and better medical care) so the numbers grew rapidly by excesses of births over deaths, reaching 4 million by the 1860 Census. From 1770 until 1860, the rate of natural growth of North American slaves was much greater than for the population of any nation in Europe, and was nearly twice as rapid as that of England.", "sentence_answer": "About <hl> 600,000 <hl> slaves were imported into what is now the U.S., or 5% of the 12 million slaves brought from Africa.", "paragraph_id": "5d6679232b22cd4dfcfbe042"}
-{"question": "What's the first reason listed why a fight might break out?", "paragraph": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "answer": "players gets hit hard", "sentence": "A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. <hl> A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. <hl> The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_answer": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled <hl> players gets hit hard <hl> or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "sentence_answer": "A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled <hl> players gets hit hard <hl> or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit.", "paragraph_id": "5d668f052b22cd4dfcfbe244"}
-{"question": "Marxism-Leninism advocates what type of economy?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "answer": "planned socialist economy", "sentence": "This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy .", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. <hl> This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy . <hl> It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a <hl> planned socialist economy <hl>. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "sentence_answer": "This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a <hl> planned socialist economy <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711732b22cd4dfcfbed65"}
-{"question": "Do many people confuse if the first surname denotes that father's family?", "paragraph": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "answer": "it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family", "sentence": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family , and the second surname denotes one's mother's family.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family , and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. <hl> So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "paragraph_answer": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since <hl> it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family <hl>, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since <hl> it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family <hl> , and the second surname denotes one's mother's family.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a8682b22cd4dfcfbff44"}
-{"question": "Which state is Francis Hopkinson from?", "paragraph": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "answer": "New Jersey", "sentence": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey , a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey , a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. <hl> The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "paragraph_answer": "Francis Hopkinson of <hl> New Jersey <hl>, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "sentence_answer": "Francis Hopkinson of <hl> New Jersey <hl> , a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663ef2b22cd4dfcfbdd82"}
-{"question": "When was the first offical American flag flown during battle", "paragraph": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777 at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler.  Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout's blue cloth coat.  A voucher is extant that  Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag.", "answer": "August 3, 1777", "sentence": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777 at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777 at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. <hl> Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout's blue cloth coat. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag.", "paragraph_answer": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on <hl> August 3, 1777 <hl> at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout's blue cloth coat. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag.", "sentence_answer": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on <hl> August 3, 1777 <hl> at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc662b22cd4dfcfbcf8e"}
-{"question": "At which levels do elections take place in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide. In almost all races, the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. Several processes, to varying degrees internal to either a major or minor party, are in practice nearly prerequisites to being permitted mention on the provided ballots, and even more so to winning office.", "answer": "town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide", "sentence": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide . <hl> In almost all races, the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. Several processes, to varying degrees internal to either a major or minor party, are in practice nearly prerequisites to being permitted mention on the provided ballots, and even more so to winning office.", "paragraph_answer": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of <hl> town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide <hl>. In almost all races, the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. Several processes, to varying degrees internal to either a major or minor party, are in practice nearly prerequisites to being permitted mention on the provided ballots, and even more so to winning office.", "sentence_answer": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of <hl> town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66817a2b22cd4dfcfbe110"}
-{"question": "What river did New Orleans become an important gateway to?", "paragraph": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "answer": "Mississippi River", "sentence": "Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "paragraph_sentence": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. <hl> Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the <hl> Mississippi River <hl>, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "sentence_answer": "Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the <hl> Mississippi River <hl> , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4662b22cd4dfcfbd162"}
-{"question": "How many more Africans were brought over in the next 50 years?", "paragraph": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "answer": "About 170,000 more", "sentence": "About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades.", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. <hl> About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. <hl> By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. <hl> About 170,000 more <hl> Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> About 170,000 more <hl> Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades.", "paragraph_id": "5d667a392b22cd4dfcfbe056"}
-{"question": "A selfish person who cares about nothing but themselves would be called what?", "paragraph": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie, and the old intelligentsia. Agitprop and various associations and institutions are used by the Marxist\u2013Leninist state to educate society with the values of communism. Both cultural and educational policy in Marxist\u2013Leninist states have emphasised the development of a \"New Man\"\u2014a class conscious, knowledgeable, heroic proletarian person devoted to work and social cohesion as opposed to the antithetic \"bourgeois individualist\" associated with cultural backwardness and social atomisation.", "answer": "the bourgeoisie", "sentence": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie , and the old intelligentsia.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie , and the old intelligentsia. <hl> Agitprop and various associations and institutions are used by the Marxist\u2013Leninist state to educate society with the values of communism. Both cultural and educational policy in Marxist\u2013Leninist states have emphasised the development of a \"New Man\"\u2014a class conscious, knowledgeable, heroic proletarian person devoted to work and social cohesion as opposed to the antithetic \"bourgeois individualist\" associated with cultural backwardness and social atomisation.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, <hl> the bourgeoisie <hl>, and the old intelligentsia. Agitprop and various associations and institutions are used by the Marxist\u2013Leninist state to educate society with the values of communism. Both cultural and educational policy in Marxist\u2013Leninist states have emphasised the development of a \"New Man\"\u2014a class conscious, knowledgeable, heroic proletarian person devoted to work and social cohesion as opposed to the antithetic \"bourgeois individualist\" associated with cultural backwardness and social atomisation.", "sentence_answer": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, <hl> the bourgeoisie <hl> , and the old intelligentsia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713c52b22cd4dfcfbee42"}
-{"question": "What kind of designs did rural Quakers prefer, as opposed to urban Quakers?", "paragraph": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "answer": "simple", "sentence": "Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. <hl> Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. <hl> However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred <hl> simple <hl> designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "sentence_answer": "Rural Quakers preferred <hl> simple <hl> designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684912b22cd4dfcfbe178"}
-{"question": "Which rival newspaper took a more traditional stance in contrast to Thatcherite leaning The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "answer": "Sunday Telegraph", "sentence": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph . <hl> It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "paragraph_answer": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival <hl> Sunday Telegraph <hl>. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "sentence_answer": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival <hl> Sunday Telegraph <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6719b52b22cd4dfcfbef40"}
-{"question": "What park began as private property?", "paragraph": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "answer": "Emirgan Park", "sentence": "Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park ; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. <hl> Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park ; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. <hl> Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is <hl> Emirgan Park <hl>; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "sentence_answer": "Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is <hl> Emirgan Park <hl> ; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b2c92b22cd4dfcfbe3f1"}
-{"question": "Where is most of the world's tin traded?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "on the London Metal Exchange (LME)", "sentence": "\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME) , from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. <hl> Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME) , from 8 countries, under 17 brands. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded <hl> on the London Metal Exchange (LME) <hl>, from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "sentence_answer": " Most of the world's tin is traded <hl> on the London Metal Exchange (LME) <hl> , from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "paragraph_id": "5d68959f2b22cd4dfcfc3c5a"}
-{"question": "What type of magazine was it?", "paragraph": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "answer": "Travel", "sentence": "The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_sentence": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. <hl> The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times <hl> Travel <hl> Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "sentence_answer": "The first issue of The Sunday Times <hl> Travel <hl> Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e9a2b22cd4dfcfbf5f5"}
-{"question": "What sculpture near Pitt was chosen as a historical landmark?", "paragraph": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "answer": "Stephen Foster", "sentence": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. <hl> Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "paragraph_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the <hl> Stephen Foster <hl> sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "sentence_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the <hl> Stephen Foster <hl> sculpture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705222b22cd4dfcfbeac1"}
-{"question": "What bay is north of the Usedom and Wolin islands?", "paragraph": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat  and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "answer": "The Bay of Pomerania", "sentence": "The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. <hl> The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. <hl> Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. <hl> The Bay of Pomerania <hl> lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Bay of Pomerania <hl> lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen.", "paragraph_id": "5d6615fb2b22cd4dfcfbd81d"}
-{"question": "What common mistake is made by English speakers when it comes to Hispanic names?", "paragraph": "A new trend in the United States for Hispanics is to hyphenate their father's and mother's last names. This is done because American born English-speakers are not aware of the Hispanic custom of using two last names and thus mistake the first last name of the individual for a middle name. In doing so they would, for example, mistakenly refer to Esteban \u00c1lvarez Cobos as Esteban A. Cobos. Such confusion can be particularly troublesome in official matters. To avoid such mistakes, Esteban \u00c1lvarez Cobos, would become Esteban \u00c1lvarez-Cobos, to clarify that both are last names.", "answer": "mistake the first last name of the individual for a middle name", "sentence": "This is done because American born English-speakers are not aware of the Hispanic custom of using two last names and thus mistake the first last name of the individual for a middle name .", "paragraph_sentence": "A new trend in the United States for Hispanics is to hyphenate their father's and mother's last names. <hl> This is done because American born English-speakers are not aware of the Hispanic custom of using two last names and thus mistake the first last name of the individual for a middle name . <hl> In doing so they would, for example, mistakenly refer to Esteban \u00c1lvarez Cobos as Esteban A. Cobos. Such confusion can be particularly troublesome in official matters. To avoid such mistakes, Esteban \u00c1lvarez Cobos, would become Esteban \u00c1lvarez-Cobos, to clarify that both are last names.", "paragraph_answer": "A new trend in the United States for Hispanics is to hyphenate their father's and mother's last names. This is done because American born English-speakers are not aware of the Hispanic custom of using two last names and thus <hl> mistake the first last name of the individual for a middle name <hl>. In doing so they would, for example, mistakenly refer to Esteban \u00c1lvarez Cobos as Esteban A. Cobos. Such confusion can be particularly troublesome in official matters. To avoid such mistakes, Esteban \u00c1lvarez Cobos, would become Esteban \u00c1lvarez-Cobos, to clarify that both are last names.", "sentence_answer": "This is done because American born English-speakers are not aware of the Hispanic custom of using two last names and thus <hl> mistake the first last name of the individual for a middle name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bd4b2b22cd4dfcfc0116"}
-{"question": "What are the 3 axis's in in a three-dimensional system?", "paragraph": "where \n\n\n\n\ni\n\n=\n\n\n(\n\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n0\n\n\n\n)\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbf {i} ={\\begin{pmatrix}1\\\\0\\end{pmatrix}}}\n\n, and \n\n\n\n\nj\n\n=\n\n\n(\n\n\n\n0\n\n\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n)\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbf {j} ={\\begin{pmatrix}0\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}}}\n\n are unit vectors in the direction of the x-axis and y-axis respectively, generally referred to as the standard basis (in some application areas these may also be referred to as versors). Similarly, in three dimensions, the vector from the origin to the point with Cartesian coordinates \n\n\n\n(\nx\n,\ny\n,\nz\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle (x,y,z)}\n\n can be written as:", "answer": "x,y,z", "sentence": "Similarly, in three dimensions, the vector from the origin to the point with Cartesian coordinates \n\n\n\n(\nx\n,\ny\n,\nz\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle ( x,y,z )}\n\n can be written as:", "paragraph_sentence": "where i = ( 1 0 ) {\\displaystyle \\mathbf {i} ={\\begin{pmatrix}1\\\\0\\end{pmatrix}}} , and j = ( 0 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\mathbf {j} ={\\begin{pmatrix}0\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}}} are unit vectors in the direction of the x-axis and y-axis respectively, generally referred to as the standard basis (in some application areas these may also be referred to as versors). <hl> Similarly, in three dimensions, the vector from the origin to the point with Cartesian coordinates ( x , y , z ) {\\displaystyle ( x,y,z )} can be written as: <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "where i = ( 1 0 ) {\\displaystyle \\mathbf {i} ={\\begin{pmatrix}1\\\\0\\end{pmatrix}}} , and j = ( 0 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\mathbf {j} ={\\begin{pmatrix}0\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}}} are unit vectors in the direction of the x-axis and y-axis respectively, generally referred to as the standard basis (in some application areas these may also be referred to as versors). Similarly, in three dimensions, the vector from the origin to the point with Cartesian coordinates ( x , y , z ) {\\displaystyle (<hl> x,y,z <hl>)} can be written as:", "sentence_answer": "Similarly, in three dimensions, the vector from the origin to the point with Cartesian coordinates ( x , y , z ) {\\displaystyle ( <hl> x,y,z <hl> )} can be written as:", "paragraph_id": "5d6675f22b22cd4dfcfbdfe3"}
-{"question": "In 2013, how many civilians died in Manipur because of militancy?", "paragraph": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "answer": "21", "sentence": "From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people).", "paragraph_sentence": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). <hl> From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). <hl> However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "paragraph_answer": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to <hl> 21 <hl> civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "sentence_answer": "From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to <hl> 21 <hl> civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people).", "paragraph_id": "5d67625a2b22cd4dfcfbf962"}
-{"question": "What did Kennedy's report reveal?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life,", "sentence": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. <hl> Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9e"}
-{"question": "How did Thornton describe the \"initial exploration of the Atlantic\"?", "paragraph": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "answer": "\"a truly international exercise", "sentence": "This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. <hl> This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" <hl> That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "paragraph_answer": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as <hl> \"a truly international exercise <hl>, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "sentence_answer": "This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as <hl> \"a truly international exercise <hl> , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d669e762b22cd4dfcfbe355"}
-{"question": "Who agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution?", "paragraph": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "answer": "Republicans and Democrats", "sentence": "Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions.", "paragraph_sentence": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" <hl> Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. <hl> Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "paragraph_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" <hl> Republicans and Democrats <hl> agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "sentence_answer": "Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" <hl> Republicans and Democrats <hl> agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions.", "paragraph_id": "5d676a852b22cd4dfcfbfa94"}
-{"question": "Early Windows versions are thought of as what?", "paragraph": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "answer": "graphical shells", "sentence": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells , mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells , mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. <hl> However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "paragraph_answer": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as <hl> graphical shells <hl>, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "sentence_answer": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as <hl> graphical shells <hl> , mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef4a2b22cd4dfcfbe5ea"}
-{"question": "Polyketides compromise a large number of what?", "paragraph": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "answer": "secondary metabolites and natural products", "sentence": "They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity.", "paragraph_sentence": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. <hl> They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. <hl> Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "paragraph_answer": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of <hl> secondary metabolites and natural products <hl> from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "sentence_answer": "They comprise a large number of <hl> secondary metabolites and natural products <hl> from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748ab2b22cd4dfcfbf4ea"}
-{"question": "When was the earliest time in which hockey referred to a stick-and-ball game?", "paragraph": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "answer": "1773", "sentence": "However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773 , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. <hl> However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773 , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. <hl> Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "paragraph_answer": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as <hl> 1773 <hl>, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "sentence_answer": "However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as <hl> 1773 <hl> , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0c72b22cd4dfcfbd08d"}
-{"question": "What support is believed to be lacking, that makes medical, psychiatric, and counseling services ineffective?", "paragraph": "Homeless individuals report mental illness as being the number three reason for becoming or staying homeless. Such illnesses are often closely linked with the fourth reason\u2014substance abuse\u2014and therefore it is generally accepted that both of these issues should be treated simultaneously. Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective. Furthermore, in the absence of a universal health-care plan, many of those in need cannot afford such services. Proposed legislation such as the Bringing America Home Act are intended to provide comprehensive treatment for many homeless mental and substance abuse patients.", "answer": "reliable and stable housing", "sentence": "Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective.", "paragraph_sentence": "Homeless individuals report mental illness as being the number three reason for becoming or staying homeless. Such illnesses are often closely linked with the fourth reason\u2014substance abuse\u2014and therefore it is generally accepted that both of these issues should be treated simultaneously. <hl> Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective. <hl> Furthermore, in the absence of a universal health-care plan, many of those in need cannot afford such services. Proposed legislation such as the Bringing America Home Act are intended to provide comprehensive treatment for many homeless mental and substance abuse patients.", "paragraph_answer": "Homeless individuals report mental illness as being the number three reason for becoming or staying homeless. Such illnesses are often closely linked with the fourth reason\u2014substance abuse\u2014and therefore it is generally accepted that both of these issues should be treated simultaneously. Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of <hl> reliable and stable housing <hl> such treatments remain ineffective. Furthermore, in the absence of a universal health-care plan, many of those in need cannot afford such services. Proposed legislation such as the Bringing America Home Act are intended to provide comprehensive treatment for many homeless mental and substance abuse patients.", "sentence_answer": "Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of <hl> reliable and stable housing <hl> such treatments remain ineffective.", "paragraph_id": "5d6660772b22cd4dfcfbdd05"}
-{"question": "How do you often denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X?", "paragraph": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.  In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "answer": "Use of f(A)", "sentence": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. <hl> In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Use of f(A) <hl> to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Use of f(A) <hl> to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c212b22cd4dfcfbd6e2"}
-{"question": "Hockey pucks approach goaltenders at upwards of what speed?", "paragraph": "Goaltenders use different equipment. With hockey pucks approaching them at speeds of up to 100 mph they must wear equipment with more protection. Goaltenders wear specialty goalie skates, (these skates are built more for movement side to side rather than forwards and backwards) a jock or jill, large leg pads, (there are size restrictions in certain leagues) blocking glove, catching glove, a chest protector, a goalie mask, and a large jersey. Goaltender's equipment has continually become larger and larger leading to fewer goals in each game and many official rule changes.", "answer": "100 mph", "sentence": "With hockey pucks approaching them at speeds of up to 100 mph they must wear equipment with more protection.", "paragraph_sentence": "Goaltenders use different equipment. <hl> With hockey pucks approaching them at speeds of up to 100 mph they must wear equipment with more protection. <hl> Goaltenders wear specialty goalie skates, (these skates are built more for movement side to side rather than forwards and backwards) a jock or jill, large leg pads, (there are size restrictions in certain leagues) blocking glove, catching glove, a chest protector, a goalie mask, and a large jersey. Goaltender's equipment has continually become larger and larger leading to fewer goals in each game and many official rule changes.", "paragraph_answer": "Goaltenders use different equipment. With hockey pucks approaching them at speeds of up to <hl> 100 mph <hl> they must wear equipment with more protection. Goaltenders wear specialty goalie skates, (these skates are built more for movement side to side rather than forwards and backwards) a jock or jill, large leg pads, (there are size restrictions in certain leagues) blocking glove, catching glove, a chest protector, a goalie mask, and a large jersey. Goaltender's equipment has continually become larger and larger leading to fewer goals in each game and many official rule changes.", "sentence_answer": "With hockey pucks approaching them at speeds of up to <hl> 100 mph <hl> they must wear equipment with more protection.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8c92b22cd4dfcfbcd38"}
-{"question": "What is the usual deciding factor as to the severity of a penalty?", "paragraph": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "answer": "visible injury (such as bleeding)", "sentence": "Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding) , as well as for fighting.", "paragraph_sentence": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. <hl> Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding) , as well as for fighting. <hl> Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "paragraph_answer": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in <hl> visible injury (such as bleeding) <hl>, as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "sentence_answer": "Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in <hl> visible injury (such as bleeding) <hl> , as well as for fighting.", "paragraph_id": "5d6635d62b22cd4dfcfbdaf2"}
-{"question": "What is one thing religion and morality be called, according to the Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics?", "paragraph": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\"", "answer": "value systems", "sentence": "Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. <hl> Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of <hl> value systems <hl> or action guides.\"", "sentence_answer": "Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of <hl> value systems <hl> or action guides.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6703b52b22cd4dfcfbea7f"}
-{"question": "How does the College Scholastic Ability Test shorten their name?", "paragraph": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "answer": "Suneung", "sentence": "In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "paragraph_sentence": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). <hl> In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\"). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to <hl> Suneung <hl> (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "sentence_answer": "In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to <hl> Suneung <hl> (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "paragraph_id": "5d657af82b22cd4dfcfbc95a"}
-{"question": "Who designed the Van Nelle fabriek in Rotterdam in 1929?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "Brinkman en Van der Vlugt", "sentence": "Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. <hl> Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. <hl> en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by <hl> Brinkman en Van der Vlugt <hl>, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": "Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by <hl> Brinkman en Van der Vlugt <hl> , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr.", "paragraph_id": "5d672adf2b22cd4dfcfbf161"}
-{"question": "Why was the castle built?", "paragraph": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious  \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "answer": "to confirm Norman authority over the area", "sentence": "Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area .", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. <hl> Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area . <hl> The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle <hl> to confirm Norman authority over the area <hl>. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "sentence_answer": "Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle <hl> to confirm Norman authority over the area <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6736552b22cd4dfcfbf2a4"}
-{"question": "Although many of the upper class of Boston, New York, Charleston and Philadelphia had never been to Britian, what could have caused them to be heavily influenced by British culture?", "paragraph": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "answer": "seaport cities", "sentence": "To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "paragraph_sentence": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. <hl> To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the <hl> seaport cities <hl> of colonial America were truly British cities.", "sentence_answer": "To many of their inhabitants, the <hl> seaport cities <hl> of colonial America were truly British cities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6632612b22cd4dfcfbdacd"}
-{"question": "How many carbon atoms do fatty acids contain?", "paragraph": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms.", "answer": "16 to 26 carbon atoms", "sentence": "The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms .", "paragraph_sentence": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. <hl> The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from <hl> 16 to 26 carbon atoms <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from <hl> 16 to 26 carbon atoms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6750602b22cd4dfcfbf681"}
-{"question": "In 1959, who purchased the Kemsley group?", "paragraph": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson, and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton, launched The Sunday Times Magazine. (At the insistence of newsagents, worried at the impact on sales of standalone magazines, it was initially called the \"colour section\" and did not take the name The Sunday Times Magazine until 9 August 1964.) The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey. The magazine got off to a slow start, but the advertising soon began to pick up, and, over time, other newspapers launched magazines of their own.", "answer": "Lord Thomson", "sentence": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson , and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson , and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. <hl> In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton, launched The Sunday Times Magazine. (At the insistence of newsagents, worried at the impact on sales of standalone magazines, it was initially called the \"colour section\" and did not take the name The Sunday Times Magazine until 9 August 1964.) The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey. The magazine got off to a slow start, but the advertising soon began to pick up, and, over time, other newspapers launched magazines of their own.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by <hl> Lord Thomson <hl>, and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton, launched The Sunday Times Magazine. (At the insistence of newsagents, worried at the impact on sales of standalone magazines, it was initially called the \"colour section\" and did not take the name The Sunday Times Magazine until 9 August 1964.) The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey. The magazine got off to a slow start, but the advertising soon began to pick up, and, over time, other newspapers launched magazines of their own.", "sentence_answer": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by <hl> Lord Thomson <hl> , and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771b62b22cd4dfcfbfbf4"}
-{"question": "What did Justice Sandra Day say about the number of women who are nurses?", "paragraph": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"  She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "answer": "there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses,", "sentence": " She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" <hl> She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" She went on to point out that <hl> there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, <hl> and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "sentence_answer": " She went on to point out that <hl> there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, <hl> and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec0d2b22cd4dfcfbe556"}
-{"question": "What is one of the prestigious races?", "paragraph": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "answer": "race for the Marine Forces Trophy", "sentence": "The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. <hl> The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy . <hl> Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its <hl> race for the Marine Forces Trophy <hl>. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its <hl> race for the Marine Forces Trophy <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66069d2b22cd4dfcfbd601"}
-{"question": "When did the complete re-evaluation of the Western value system take place?", "paragraph": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism.  It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "answer": "since the 1950s and 1960s", "sentence": "These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s , with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. <hl> These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s , with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. <hl> Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place <hl> since the 1950s and 1960s <hl>, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "sentence_answer": "These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place <hl> since the 1950s and 1960s <hl> , with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2e2b22cd4dfcfbf62d"}
-{"question": "What is point O?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "answer": "the origin", "sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line ( the origin ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line ( the origin ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. <hl> An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (<hl> the origin <hl>), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "sentence_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line ( <hl> the origin <hl> ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713bf2b22cd4dfcfbee39"}
-{"question": "What are the states of the Federated States of Micronesia called?", "paragraph": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "answer": "States of Micronesia", "sentence": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). <hl> The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "paragraph_answer": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated <hl> States of Micronesia <hl> and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "sentence_answer": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated <hl> States of Micronesia <hl> and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau).", "paragraph_id": "5d6772bc2b22cd4dfcfbfc25"}
-{"question": "What is a one-dimensional space called?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "answer": "a straight line", "sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line \u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line \u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. <hl> An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for <hl> a straight line <hl>\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "sentence_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for <hl> a straight line <hl> \u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713bf2b22cd4dfcfbee36"}
-{"question": "In elderly women, what age-related condition is more prevalent than it is for men?", "paragraph": "Among men and women, there are notable differences in body weight, height, body fat distribution, heart rate, stroke volume, and arterial compliance. In the very elderly, age-related large artery pulsatility and stiffness is more pronounced among women than men. This may be caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause.", "answer": "In the very elderly, age-related large artery pulsatility and stiffness is more pronounced among women than men.", "sentence": "In the very elderly, age-related large artery pulsatility and stiffness is more pronounced among women than men. This may be caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause.", "paragraph_sentence": "Among men and women, there are notable differences in body weight, height, body fat distribution, heart rate, stroke volume, and arterial compliance. <hl> In the very elderly, age-related large artery pulsatility and stiffness is more pronounced among women than men. This may be caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Among men and women, there are notable differences in body weight, height, body fat distribution, heart rate, stroke volume, and arterial compliance. <hl> In the very elderly, age-related large artery pulsatility and stiffness is more pronounced among women than men. <hl> This may be caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In the very elderly, age-related large artery pulsatility and stiffness is more pronounced among women than men. <hl> This may be caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause.", "paragraph_id": "5d65bf062b22cd4dfcfbcb36"}
-{"question": "What does it mean for acronyms to be contrived?", "paragraph": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "answer": "deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named", "sentence": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). <hl> Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, <hl> deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named <hl> (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "sentence_answer": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, <hl> deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named <hl> (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word).", "paragraph_id": "5d65a6db2b22cd4dfcfbcabe"}
-{"question": "What type of system is an ecosystem according to Norman L. Johnson?", "paragraph": "Diversity\nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d  Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "answer": "decentralized", "sentence": "Diversity\nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. <hl> \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in <hl> decentralized <hl> systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "sentence_answer": "Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in <hl> decentralized <hl> systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608eb2b22cd4dfcfbd660"}
-{"question": "What does reducing inequality through decentralization help to do?", "paragraph": "Conflict resolution\nEconomic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. Dawn Brancati finds that political decentralization reduces intrastate conflict unless politicians create political parties that mobilize minority and even extremist groups to demand more resources and power within national governments. However, the likelihood this will be done depends on factors like how democratic transitions happen and features like a regional party's proportion of legislative seats, a country's number of regional legislatures, elector procedures, and the order in which national and regional elections occur. Brancati holds that decentralization can promote peace if it encourages statewide parties to incorporate regional demands and limit the power of regional parties.", "answer": "prevent or reduce conflict", "sentence": "Conflict resolution\nEconomic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Conflict resolution Economic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. <hl> Dawn Brancati finds that political decentralization reduces intrastate conflict unless politicians create political parties that mobilize minority and even extremist groups to demand more resources and power within national governments. However, the likelihood this will be done depends on factors like how democratic transitions happen and features like a regional party's proportion of legislative seats, a country's number of regional legislatures, elector procedures, and the order in which national and regional elections occur. Brancati holds that decentralization can promote peace if it encourages statewide parties to incorporate regional demands and limit the power of regional parties.", "paragraph_answer": "Conflict resolution Economic and/or political decentralization can help <hl> prevent or reduce conflict <hl> because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. Dawn Brancati finds that political decentralization reduces intrastate conflict unless politicians create political parties that mobilize minority and even extremist groups to demand more resources and power within national governments. However, the likelihood this will be done depends on factors like how democratic transitions happen and features like a regional party's proportion of legislative seats, a country's number of regional legislatures, elector procedures, and the order in which national and regional elections occur. Brancati holds that decentralization can promote peace if it encourages statewide parties to incorporate regional demands and limit the power of regional parties.", "sentence_answer": "Conflict resolution Economic and/or political decentralization can help <hl> prevent or reduce conflict <hl> because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government.", "paragraph_id": "5d660be72b22cd4dfcfbd6d3"}
-{"question": "What has the Apostolic church ignored?", "paragraph": "In independent Armenia, the Armenian Apostolic Church has often been criticized for its perceived support of the government despite the formal separation of church and state in Armenia. According to former Prime Minister Hrant Bagratyan religion and state management \"have completely gotten mixed up\". He called the church an \"untouchable\" organization that is secretive of its income and expenditure. Large-scale construction of new churches in the independence period and the negligence of endangered historic churches by the Apostolic church (and the government) have also been criticized.", "answer": "endangered historic churches", "sentence": "Large-scale construction of new churches in the independence period and the negligence of endangered historic churches by the Apostolic church (and the government) have also been criticized.", "paragraph_sentence": "In independent Armenia, the Armenian Apostolic Church has often been criticized for its perceived support of the government despite the formal separation of church and state in Armenia. According to former Prime Minister Hrant Bagratyan religion and state management \"have completely gotten mixed up\". He called the church an \"untouchable\" organization that is secretive of its income and expenditure. <hl> Large-scale construction of new churches in the independence period and the negligence of endangered historic churches by the Apostolic church (and the government) have also been criticized. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In independent Armenia, the Armenian Apostolic Church has often been criticized for its perceived support of the government despite the formal separation of church and state in Armenia. According to former Prime Minister Hrant Bagratyan religion and state management \"have completely gotten mixed up\". He called the church an \"untouchable\" organization that is secretive of its income and expenditure. Large-scale construction of new churches in the independence period and the negligence of <hl> endangered historic churches <hl> by the Apostolic church (and the government) have also been criticized.", "sentence_answer": "Large-scale construction of new churches in the independence period and the negligence of <hl> endangered historic churches <hl> by the Apostolic church (and the government) have also been criticized.", "paragraph_id": "5d657e2a2b22cd4dfcfbc9b5"}
-{"question": "Who sold farmers plots of land in New Hampshire?", "paragraph": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. Other farmers became agricultural innovators. They planted nutritious English grass such as red clover and timothy-grass, which provided more feed for livestock, and potatoes, which provided a high production rate that was an advantage for small farms. Families increased their productivity by exchanging goods and labor with each other. They loaned livestock and grazing land to one another and worked together to spin yarn, sew quilts, and shuck corn. Migration, agricultural innovation, and economic cooperation were creative measures that preserved New England's yeoman society until the 19th century.", "answer": "speculators", "sentence": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. <hl> Other farmers became agricultural innovators. They planted nutritious English grass such as red clover and timothy-grass, which provided more feed for livestock, and potatoes, which provided a high production rate that was an advantage for small farms. Families increased their productivity by exchanging goods and labor with each other. They loaned livestock and grazing land to one another and worked together to spin yarn, sew quilts, and shuck corn. Migration, agricultural innovation, and economic cooperation were creative measures that preserved New England's yeoman society until the 19th century.", "paragraph_answer": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from <hl> speculators <hl> in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. Other farmers became agricultural innovators. They planted nutritious English grass such as red clover and timothy-grass, which provided more feed for livestock, and potatoes, which provided a high production rate that was an advantage for small farms. Families increased their productivity by exchanging goods and labor with each other. They loaned livestock and grazing land to one another and worked together to spin yarn, sew quilts, and shuck corn. Migration, agricultural innovation, and economic cooperation were creative measures that preserved New England's yeoman society until the 19th century.", "sentence_answer": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from <hl> speculators <hl> in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2bd2b22cd4dfcfbcbd6"}
-{"question": "Can a high fiber also lower risk?", "paragraph": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol  and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "answer": "A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "sentence": "A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "paragraph_sentence": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. <hl> A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. <hl> A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0052b22cd4dfcfbcb56"}
-{"question": "What do we know about spread of heart disease in poor countries?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. \n The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "answer": "relatively little", "sentence": "There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. <hl> There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. <hl> Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is <hl> relatively little <hl> information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "sentence_answer": "There is <hl> relatively little <hl> information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7692b22cd4dfcfbcec5"}
-{"question": "What is the asiento system?", "paragraph": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "answer": "awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies", "sentence": "While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies .", "paragraph_sentence": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. <hl> While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies . <hl> During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, <hl> awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies <hl>. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "sentence_answer": "While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, <hl> awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f35d2b22cd4dfcfbd3b4"}
-{"question": "How is the interpretation indexed?", "paragraph": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "answer": "so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain", "sentence": "The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain .", "paragraph_sentence": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. <hl> The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain . <hl> One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "paragraph_answer": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended <hl> so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain <hl>. One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "sentence_answer": "The interpretation is extended <hl> so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66452a2b22cd4dfcfbdbc0"}
-{"question": "How much of the general public believe that unemployment is most important issue?", "paragraph": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "answer": "40%", "sentence": "Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "paragraph_sentence": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. <hl> Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about <hl> 40% <hl> say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "sentence_answer": "Among the general public, about <hl> 40% <hl> say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd342b22cd4dfcfbe95e"}
-{"question": "Who proposed the Entscheidungsproblem?", "paragraph": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "answer": "David Hilbert", "sentence": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. <hl> This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. <hl> Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by <hl> David Hilbert <hl> in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "sentence_answer": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by <hl> David Hilbert <hl> in 1928.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713162b22cd4dfcfbee1c"}
-{"question": "For what kind of ensemble was the saxophone made?", "paragraph": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "answer": "military bands", "sentence": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. <hl> Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. <hl> Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian <hl> military bands <hl> took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian <hl> military bands <hl> took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e52b22cd4dfcfbf008"}
-{"question": "How many public hospitals are in Istanbul in 2000?", "paragraph": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "answer": "Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private.", "sentence": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. <hl> As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, <hl> Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. <hl> Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "sentence_answer": "In 2000, <hl> Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. <hl> Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fcc72b22cd4dfcfbd4dc"}
-{"question": "What geometry do organotin compounds adopt?", "paragraph": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "answer": "tetrahedral geometry", "sentence": "They adopt tetrahedral geometry .", "paragraph_sentence": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. <hl> They adopt tetrahedral geometry . <hl> Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "paragraph_answer": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt <hl> tetrahedral geometry <hl>. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "sentence_answer": "They adopt <hl> tetrahedral geometry <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676c892b22cd4dfcfbfafc"}
-{"question": "What saxophones are made with phosphor bronze?", "paragraph": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect.  Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design.  Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein.  Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound.  With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "answer": "Yanagisawa's 902 and 992", "sentence": " Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect. <hl> Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design. <hl> Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein. Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound. With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "paragraph_answer": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect. <hl> Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 <hl> series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design. Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein. Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound. With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 <hl> series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8622b22cd4dfcfc0041"}
-{"question": "What was William Berry's name after he was ennobled?", "paragraph": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively. Under their ownership, The Sunday Times continued its reputation for innovation: on 23 November 1930, it became the first Sunday newspaper to publish a 40-page issue and on 21 January 1940, news replaced advertising on the front page.", "answer": "Lord Camrose", "sentence": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively. <hl> Under their ownership, The Sunday Times continued its reputation for innovation: on 23 November 1930, it became the first Sunday newspaper to publish a 40-page issue and on 21 January 1940, news replaced advertising on the front page.", "paragraph_answer": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as <hl> Lord Camrose <hl> and Viscount Kemsley respectively. Under their ownership, The Sunday Times continued its reputation for innovation: on 23 November 1930, it became the first Sunday newspaper to publish a 40-page issue and on 21 January 1940, news replaced advertising on the front page.", "sentence_answer": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as <hl> Lord Camrose <hl> and Viscount Kemsley respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6759872b22cd4dfcfbf7ef"}
-{"question": "How long is the penalty for fighting?", "paragraph": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "answer": "10-minute", "sentence": "The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues).", "paragraph_sentence": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. <hl> The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). <hl> Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_answer": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a <hl> 10-minute <hl> misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "sentence_answer": "The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a <hl> 10-minute <hl> misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues).", "paragraph_id": "5d668f052b22cd4dfcfbe245"}
-{"question": "The studies done are based on what?", "paragraph": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "answer": "Population", "sentence": "Population -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Population -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. <hl> The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Population <hl>-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Population <hl> -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6702b22cd4dfcfbce8e"}
-{"question": "What does Kurtz say values that cross cultural lines can be used for?", "paragraph": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "answer": "finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers", "sentence": "These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers .", "paragraph_sentence": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. <hl> These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for <hl> finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "These values can be resources for <hl> finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670c4e2b22cd4dfcfbec1f"}
-{"question": "What is one example of a secondary Koppen classification label?", "paragraph": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation.  The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "answer": "oceanic climate", "sentence": "The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_sentence": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. <hl> The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, <hl> oceanic climate <hl>, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "sentence_answer": "The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, <hl> oceanic climate <hl> , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c722b22cd4dfcfbfd44"}
-{"question": "Why was train service to Thessaloniki curtailed?", "paragraph": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "answer": "economic problems in Greece", "sentence": "Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece .", "paragraph_sentence": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. <hl> Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece . <hl> After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to <hl> economic problems in Greece <hl>. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "sentence_answer": "Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to <hl> economic problems in Greece <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66068e2b22cd4dfcfbd5f5"}
-{"question": "What caused a huge improvement in Oxford during the 1920s?", "paragraph": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "answer": "mass-produce cars", "sentence": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. <hl> By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "paragraph_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to <hl> mass-produce cars <hl> in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "sentence_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to <hl> mass-produce cars <hl> in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d6761932b22cd4dfcfbf956"}
-{"question": "Who painted the earliest known example of the flag", "paragraph": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "answer": "John Trumbull", "sentence": "Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. <hl> Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by <hl> John Trumbull <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by <hl> John Trumbull <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dde42b22cd4dfcfbcfd9"}
-{"question": "For what two things is Emirgan Park notable?", "paragraph": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "answer": "its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival", "sentence": "Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. <hl> Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. <hl> Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for <hl> its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival <hl> held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "sentence_answer": "Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for <hl> its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival <hl> held since 2005.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b2c92b22cd4dfcfbe3f2"}
-{"question": "What year did News International acquire the group?", "paragraph": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "answer": "1981", "sentence": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981 . <hl> Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "paragraph_answer": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February <hl> 1981 <hl>. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "sentence_answer": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February <hl> 1981 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6716df2b22cd4dfcfbeeea"}
-{"question": "From what architecture knowledge did the Byzantines create their structures?", "paragraph": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "answer": "classical Roman", "sentence": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. <hl> The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "paragraph_answer": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the <hl> classical Roman <hl> model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "sentence_answer": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the <hl> classical Roman <hl> model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b5cb2b22cd4dfcfbe424"}
-{"question": "What sport did the Hockey Association of England focus on?", "paragraph": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "answer": "field hockey", "sentence": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. <hl> In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's <hl> field hockey <hl> organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "sentence_answer": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's <hl> field hockey <hl> organization.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2532b22cd4dfcfbd0e4"}
-{"question": "What is the process of creating fatty acids called?", "paragraph": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "answer": "fatty acid synthesis", "sentence": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis . <hl> They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "paragraph_answer": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called <hl> fatty acid synthesis <hl>. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "sentence_answer": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called <hl> fatty acid synthesis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8dd2b22cd4dfcfc0309"}
-{"question": "What does printing money do for the economy?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Federal Reserve has taken significant action to stimulate the economy after the 2007-2009 recession. The Fed expanded its balance sheet significantly from 2008-2014, meaning it essentially \"printed money\" to purchase large quantities of mortgage-backed securities and U.S. treasury bonds. This bids up bond prices, helping keep interest rates low, to encourage companies to borrow and invest and people to buy homes. It planned to end its quantitative easing in October 2014 but was undecided on when it might raise interest rates from near record lows. The Fed also tied its actions to its outlook for unemployment and inflation for the first time in December 2012.", "answer": "This bids up bond prices, helping keep interest rates low, to encourage companies to borrow and invest and people to buy homes", "sentence": "This bids up bond prices, helping keep interest rates low, to encourage companies to borrow and invest and people to buy homes .", "paragraph_sentence": "The U.S. Federal Reserve has taken significant action to stimulate the economy after the 2007-2009 recession. The Fed expanded its balance sheet significantly from 2008-2014, meaning it essentially \"printed money\" to purchase large quantities of mortgage-backed securities and U.S. treasury bonds. <hl> This bids up bond prices, helping keep interest rates low, to encourage companies to borrow and invest and people to buy homes . <hl> It planned to end its quantitative easing in October 2014 but was undecided on when it might raise interest rates from near record lows. The Fed also tied its actions to its outlook for unemployment and inflation for the first time in December 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Federal Reserve has taken significant action to stimulate the economy after the 2007-2009 recession. The Fed expanded its balance sheet significantly from 2008-2014, meaning it essentially \"printed money\" to purchase large quantities of mortgage-backed securities and U.S. treasury bonds. <hl> This bids up bond prices, helping keep interest rates low, to encourage companies to borrow and invest and people to buy homes <hl>. It planned to end its quantitative easing in October 2014 but was undecided on when it might raise interest rates from near record lows. The Fed also tied its actions to its outlook for unemployment and inflation for the first time in December 2012.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This bids up bond prices, helping keep interest rates low, to encourage companies to borrow and invest and people to buy homes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f98d2b22cd4dfcfbe8b9"}
-{"question": "Is there a relationship between heart disease and economic inequality?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. \n The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "answer": "a cause and effect relationship", "sentence": "Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship .", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. <hl> Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship . <hl> Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying <hl> a cause and effect relationship <hl>. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "sentence_answer": "Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying <hl> a cause and effect relationship <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0c72b22cd4dfcfbcdd6"}
-{"question": "What is American Ginseng referred to as in China?", "paragraph": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "answer": "flower flag ginseng", "sentence": "However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: ' flower flag ginseng ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. <hl> However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: ' flower flag ginseng ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: '<hl> flower flag ginseng <hl>' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "sentence_answer": "However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: ' <hl> flower flag ginseng <hl> ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "paragraph_id": "5d6669962b22cd4dfcfbde47"}
-{"question": "Among college graduates, how much of an advantage did people identifying as Democrats have over Republicans?", "paragraph": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "answer": "+8", "sentence": "They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. <hl> They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. <hl> Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a <hl> +8 <hl> advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "sentence_answer": "They found that self-described Democrats had a <hl> +8 <hl> advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714892b22cd4dfcfbee64"}
-{"question": "About how many people were traded as slaves in the Atlantic slave trade?", "paragraph": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than 11 million people. For a long time, an accepted figure was 15 million, although this has in recent years been revised down. Estimates by Patrick Manning are that about 12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas. Besides the slaves who died on the Middle Passage, more Africans likely died during the slave raids in Africa and forced marches to ports. Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. Manning's estimate covers the 12 million who were originally destined for the Atlantic, as well as the 6 million destined for Asian slave markets and the 8 million destined for African markets.", "answer": "11 million people", "sentence": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than 11 million people .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than 11 million people . <hl> For a long time, an accepted figure was 15 million, although this has in recent years been revised down. Estimates by Patrick Manning are that about 12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas. Besides the slaves who died on the Middle Passage, more Africans likely died during the slave raids in Africa and forced marches to ports. Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. Manning's estimate covers the 12 million who were originally destined for the Atlantic, as well as the 6 million destined for Asian slave markets and the 8 million destined for African markets.", "paragraph_answer": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than <hl> 11 million people <hl>. For a long time, an accepted figure was 15 million, although this has in recent years been revised down. Estimates by Patrick Manning are that about 12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas. Besides the slaves who died on the Middle Passage, more Africans likely died during the slave raids in Africa and forced marches to ports. Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. Manning's estimate covers the 12 million who were originally destined for the Atlantic, as well as the 6 million destined for Asian slave markets and the 8 million destined for African markets.", "sentence_answer": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than <hl> 11 million people <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6647712b22cd4dfcfbdbe0"}
-{"question": "Which teams won the S\u00fcper Lig tournament?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "answer": "Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K.", "sentence": "Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, <hl> Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. <hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's <hl> Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. <hl> have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul's <hl> Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. <hl> have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef992b22cd4dfcfbd31f"}
-{"question": "What was teh range of teh instruments covered by the patent?", "paragraph": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s,  Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "answer": "split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass", "sentence": "The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass .", "paragraph_sentence": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. <hl> The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass . <hl> Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "paragraph_answer": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, <hl> split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass <hl>. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "sentence_answer": "The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, <hl> split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674d9d2b22cd4dfcfbf5c0"}
-{"question": "who designs the individual structure element of a structure?", "paragraph": "Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis. Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a building.", "answer": "Entry-level structural engineers", "sentence": "Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building.", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis. <hl> Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building. <hl> More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a building.", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis. <hl> Entry-level structural engineers <hl> may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a building.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Entry-level structural engineers <hl> may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building.", "paragraph_id": "5d67735b2b22cd4dfcfbfc37"}
-{"question": "What is Istanbul's annual population growth rate?", "paragraph": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "answer": "3.45 percent", "sentence": "The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] <hl> The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. <hl> The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "paragraph_answer": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of <hl> 3.45 percent <hl> ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "sentence_answer": "The city's annual population growth of <hl> 3.45 percent <hl> ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecb82b22cd4dfcfbd2c2"}
-{"question": "About how long does a division take?", "paragraph": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "answer": "around eight minutes", "sentence": "The whole procedure takes around eight minutes .", "paragraph_sentence": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). <hl> The whole procedure takes around eight minutes . <hl> Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "paragraph_answer": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes <hl> around eight minutes <hl>. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "sentence_answer": "The whole procedure takes <hl> around eight minutes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3f42b22cd4dfcfbd139"}
-{"question": "What is the American Libertarian think-tank discussed called?", "paragraph": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed]  According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example. For example, in banking, Cato Institute believes some deregulation allowed banks to compete across state lines, increasing consumer choice, while an actual increase in regulators and regulations forced banks to do business the way central government regulators commanded, including making loans to individuals incapable of repaying them, leading eventually to the financial crisis of 2007\u20132008.[unreliable source?]", "answer": "Cato Institute", "sentence": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed]  According to Cato Institute , an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to Cato Institute , an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example. <hl> For example, in banking, Cato Institute believes some deregulation allowed banks to compete across state lines, increasing consumer choice, while an actual increase in regulators and regulations forced banks to do business the way central government regulators commanded, including making loans to individuals incapable of repaying them, leading eventually to the financial crisis of 2007\u20132008.[unreliable source?]", "paragraph_answer": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to <hl> Cato Institute <hl>, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example. For example, in banking, Cato Institute believes some deregulation allowed banks to compete across state lines, increasing consumer choice, while an actual increase in regulators and regulations forced banks to do business the way central government regulators commanded, including making loans to individuals incapable of repaying them, leading eventually to the financial crisis of 2007\u20132008.[unreliable source?]", "sentence_answer": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to <hl> Cato Institute <hl> , an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c46e2b22cd4dfcfbcc40"}
-{"question": "Should saturated fats be replaced with carbohydrates?", "paragraph": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "answer": "Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk.", "sentence": "Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "paragraph_sentence": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. <hl> Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. <hl> Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. <hl> Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. <hl> Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c14e2b22cd4dfcfbcb8a"}
-{"question": "Of what was the Connecticut Colony considered a part of legally?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "Massachusetts Bay", "sentence": "They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay .", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. <hl> They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay . <hl> In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of <hl> Massachusetts Bay <hl>. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of <hl> Massachusetts Bay <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde5"}
-{"question": "The three major rules includes?", "paragraph": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "answer": "offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play.", "sentence": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \" offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \" offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. <hl> Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "paragraph_answer": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"<hl> offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. <hl> A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "sentence_answer": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \" <hl> offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. <hl> A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665ed2b22cd4dfcfbddd3"}
-{"question": "Without the Romans, what happened to Latin?", "paragraph": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "answer": "many words have been changed", "sentence": "Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular.", "paragraph_sentence": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. <hl> Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. <hl> Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "paragraph_answer": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of <hl> many words have been changed <hl> and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "sentence_answer": "Furthermore, the meanings of <hl> many words have been changed <hl> and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular.", "paragraph_id": "5d6617ed2b22cd4dfcfbd845"}
-{"question": "What material was the red part of the first official American flag flown during battle", "paragraph": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777 at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler.  Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout's blue cloth coat.  A voucher is extant that  Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag.", "answer": "flannel petticoats", "sentence": " Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777 at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. <hl> Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. <hl> Abraham Swartwout's blue cloth coat. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag.", "paragraph_answer": "The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777 at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red <hl> flannel petticoats <hl> of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout's blue cloth coat. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag.", "sentence_answer": " Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red <hl> flannel petticoats <hl> of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc662b22cd4dfcfbcf92"}
-{"question": "When did the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria write the open letter?", "paragraph": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "In 2009 , the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2009 , the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. <hl> In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 2009 <hl>, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 2009 <hl> , the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687752b22cd4dfcfbe1ef"}
-{"question": "Which Canadian province was given over to the British by France?", "paragraph": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "answer": "Quebec", "sentence": "Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec , the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. <hl> Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec , the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. <hl> Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including <hl> Quebec <hl>, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "sentence_answer": "Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including <hl> Quebec <hl> , the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley.", "paragraph_id": "5d662a6c2b22cd4dfcfbda66"}
-{"question": "What colony were Quakers attracted to?", "paragraph": "Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. William Penn, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. (\"Freehold\" meant owning land free and clear, with the right to resell it to anyone.) The first major influx of settlers were the Scotch Irish, who headed to the frontier. Many Germans came to escape the religious conflicts and declining economic opportunities in Germany and Switzerland.", "answer": "the colony of Pennsylvania", "sentence": "William Penn, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. <hl> William Penn, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. <hl> (\"Freehold\" meant owning land free and clear, with the right to resell it to anyone.) The first major influx of settlers were the Scotch Irish, who headed to the frontier. Many Germans came to escape the religious conflicts and declining economic opportunities in Germany and Switzerland.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. William Penn, the man who founded <hl> the colony of Pennsylvania <hl> in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. (\"Freehold\" meant owning land free and clear, with the right to resell it to anyone.) The first major influx of settlers were the Scotch Irish, who headed to the frontier. Many Germans came to escape the religious conflicts and declining economic opportunities in Germany and Switzerland.", "sentence_answer": "William Penn, the man who founded <hl> the colony of Pennsylvania <hl> in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6681332b22cd4dfcfbe0fe"}
-{"question": "How much is the education at the military academies?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "free", "sentence": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent.", "paragraph_sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides <hl> free <hl> education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides <hl> free <hl> education to children across the country missing at least one parent.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd47e"}
-{"question": "As you head north or east on the Baltic Sea does the salinity increase or decrease?", "paragraph": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "answer": "decreases", "sentence": "The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. <hl> The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. <hl> At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily <hl> decreases <hl> towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "The salinity steadily <hl> decreases <hl> towards North and East.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c152b22cd4dfcfbd90c"}
-{"question": "What percentage of railway passengers in the country live in the New York metropolitan area?", "paragraph": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "answer": "two-thirds", "sentence": "About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs.", "paragraph_sentence": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. <hl> About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. <hl> Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and <hl> two-thirds <hl> of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "sentence_answer": "About one-third of users of mass transit and <hl> two-thirds <hl> of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e0c2b22cd4dfcfbec6c"}
-{"question": "In what two editions was Windows XP marketed in?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "Home and Professional", "sentence": "Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. <hl> Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). <hl> Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. <hl> Home and Professional <hl> were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Home and Professional <hl> were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_id": "5d6715792b22cd4dfcfbee8a"}
-{"question": "What did Congress pass that acts as a local constitution?", "paragraph": "The insular areas of the United States are those jurisdictions that are neither a part of one of the 50 states nor the federal district. Unlike within the States, sovereignty over insular areas rests not with the local people, but in Congress. In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an Organic Act, which functions as a local constitution. Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "answer": "Organic Act", "sentence": "In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an Organic Act ,", "paragraph_sentence": "The insular areas of the United States are those jurisdictions that are neither a part of one of the 50 states nor the federal district. Unlike within the States, sovereignty over insular areas rests not with the local people, but in Congress. <hl> In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an Organic Act , <hl> which functions as a local constitution . Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "paragraph_answer": "The insular areas of the United States are those jurisdictions that are neither a part of one of the 50 states nor the federal district. Unlike within the States, sovereignty over insular areas rests not with the local people, but in Congress. In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an <hl> Organic Act <hl>, which functions as a local constitution. Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "sentence_answer": "In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an <hl> Organic Act <hl> ,", "paragraph_id": "5d676b472b22cd4dfcfbfab1"}
-{"question": "Who wassaid to make rounds with the homeless and offering heling services from mental help, to counstling?", "paragraph": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that Leah Esguerra, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "answer": "Leah Esguerra", "sentence": "It mentions that Leah Esguerra , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them.", "paragraph_sentence": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. <hl> It mentions that Leah Esguerra , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. <hl> She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "paragraph_answer": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that <hl> Leah Esguerra <hl>, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "sentence_answer": "It mentions that <hl> Leah Esguerra <hl> , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them.", "paragraph_id": "5d65efd52b22cd4dfcfbd329"}
-{"question": "Which position does Pitt hold in the Newsweek Top 100 Global Universities list?", "paragraph": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\" Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. Pitt ranked 133rd globally in the 2015/16 QS World University Rankings.  Pitt ranks 24th of all universities in the world for the impact and performance of its scientific public publications according to the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities produced by the Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT). Pitt ranks as the 26th best higher education research institution worldwide according to SCImago Institutions Rankings' 2009 World Report. Other world rankings include 29th in the world in the latest ranking by the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation at Wuhan University, 37th in the world in the latest Webometrics rankings, and 42nd in the world according to both the 2006 G-Factor International University Ranking as well as the Russian-based 2009 Global University Ranking.", "answer": "37th", "sentence": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\" <hl> Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. Pitt ranked 133rd globally in the 2015/16 QS World University Rankings. Pitt ranks 24th of all universities in the world for the impact and performance of its scientific public publications according to the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities produced by the Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT). Pitt ranks as the 26th best higher education research institution worldwide according to SCImago Institutions Rankings' 2009 World Report. Other world rankings include 29th in the world in the latest ranking by the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation at Wuhan University, 37th in the world in the latest Webometrics rankings, and 42nd in the world according to both the 2006 G-Factor International University Ranking as well as the Russian-based 2009 Global University Ranking.", "paragraph_answer": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt <hl> 37th <hl> in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\" Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. Pitt ranked 133rd globally in the 2015/16 QS World University Rankings. Pitt ranks 24th of all universities in the world for the impact and performance of its scientific public publications according to the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities produced by the Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT). Pitt ranks as the 26th best higher education research institution worldwide according to SCImago Institutions Rankings' 2009 World Report. Other world rankings include 29th in the world in the latest ranking by the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation at Wuhan University, 37th in the world in the latest Webometrics rankings, and 42nd in the world according to both the 2006 G-Factor International University Ranking as well as the Russian-based 2009 Global University Ranking.", "sentence_answer": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt <hl> 37th <hl> in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d67ceb42b22cd4dfcfc0266"}
-{"question": "What is used to get approximate colors of the U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1)  the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2)  defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "answer": "Pantone Matching System (PMS)", "sentence": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. <hl> One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Sometimes, <hl> Pantone Matching System (PMS) <hl> approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "sentence_answer": "Sometimes, <hl> Pantone Matching System (PMS) <hl> approximations to the flag colors are used.", "paragraph_id": "5d6676092b22cd4dfcfbdfe8"}
-{"question": "How many different ways can \"a function from X to Y\" be presented?", "paragraph": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "answer": "two different ways", "sentence": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. <hl> Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "paragraph_answer": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are <hl> two different ways <hl> a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "sentence_answer": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are <hl> two different ways <hl> a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ba802b22cd4dfcfbe472"}
-{"question": "Spherical nanoparticles have how many dimensions on the nanoscale?", "paragraph": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "answer": "three dimensions", "sentence": "Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension.", "paragraph_sentence": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. <hl> Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. <hl> The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "paragraph_answer": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have <hl> three dimensions <hl> on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "sentence_answer": "Finally, spherical nanoparticles have <hl> three dimensions <hl> on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension.", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc22b22cd4dfcfbfe53"}
-{"question": "How many times a year do Senate committees conduct hearings related to government's budget and operation?", "paragraph": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "answer": "three", "sentence": "These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. <hl> These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. <hl> These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. These committees also conduct hearings <hl> three <hl> times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "sentence_answer": "These committees also conduct hearings <hl> three <hl> times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined.", "paragraph_id": "5d66de342b22cd4dfcfbe4e4"}
-{"question": "Which elements carry only pure bending?", "paragraph": "Beams are elements which carry pure bending only. Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "answer": "Beams", "sentence": "Beams are elements which carry pure bending only.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Beams are elements which carry pure bending only. <hl> Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Beams <hl> are elements which carry pure bending only. Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Beams <hl> are elements which carry pure bending only.", "paragraph_id": "5d68220a2b22cd4dfcfc05ea"}
-{"question": "What was The Hibbert Journal?", "paragraph": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "answer": "a quarterly philosophical review)", "sentence": "J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( a quarterly philosophical review) , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. <hl> J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( a quarterly philosophical review) , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (<hl> a quarterly philosophical review) <hl>, used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "sentence_answer": "J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( <hl> a quarterly philosophical review) <hl> , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d674da82b22cd4dfcfbf5ca"}
-{"question": "How does first-order logic differ from propositional logic?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "does not use quantifiers", "sentence": "This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers .", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. <hl> This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which <hl> does not use quantifiers <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which <hl> does not use quantifiers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66954c2b22cd4dfcfbe314"}
-{"question": "Who controls the Bisie mine?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "renegade militia", "sentence": "a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by <hl> a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. <hl> Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "paragraph_answer": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a <hl> renegade militia <hl> and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> renegade militia <hl> and produces 15,000 tonnes.", "paragraph_id": "5d677e172b22cd4dfcfbfd68"}
-{"question": "Where is the unemployment rate forecast provided", "paragraph": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "answer": "long term budget outlook", "sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook . <hl> During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its <hl> long term budget outlook <hl>. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "sentence_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its <hl> long term budget outlook <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4862b22cd4dfcfbe769"}
-{"question": "What is the definition of straitform?", "paragraph": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts.  Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones.  A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass.  Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas.  Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth.  When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "answer": "dynamic precipitation", "sentence": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. <hl> Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "paragraph_answer": "Stratiform or <hl> dynamic precipitation <hl> occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "sentence_answer": "Stratiform or <hl> dynamic precipitation <hl> occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts.", "paragraph_id": "5d6781c02b22cd4dfcfbfdac"}
-{"question": "What group of people in Nova Scotia referred to lacrosse as something else?", "paragraph": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "answer": "the Mi'kmaq", "sentence": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). <hl> Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "paragraph_answer": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what <hl> the Mi'kmaq <hl> in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "sentence_answer": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what <hl> the Mi'kmaq <hl> in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse).", "paragraph_id": "5d65dfa72b22cd4dfcfbd065"}
-{"question": "Who argued that Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy?", "paragraph": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "answer": "John Thornton", "sentence": "This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). <hl> This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". <hl> However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by <hl> John Thornton <hl> (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "sentence_answer": "This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by <hl> John Thornton <hl> (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1902b22cd4dfcfbd371"}
-{"question": "What is attributed to infrastructure investment?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "job creation", "sentence": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. <hl> These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 <hl> job creation <hl> arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 <hl> job creation <hl> arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec7f"}
-{"question": "What are prepared using Grignard reagents?", "paragraph": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "answer": "Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds", "sentence": "Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "paragraph_sentence": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. <hl> Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents: <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. <hl> Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds <hl> can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds <hl> can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "paragraph_id": "5d676c892b22cd4dfcfbfafd"}
-{"question": "How long has the Roosevelt Island Tramway been operating?", "paragraph": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "answer": "since 1978", "sentence": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978 . <hl> (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "paragraph_answer": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island <hl> since 1978 <hl>. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "sentence_answer": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island <hl> since 1978 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670d422b22cd4dfcfbec3b"}
-{"question": "In England, what name did the game \"Hockey on ice\" replace?", "paragraph": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "answer": "bandie ball", "sentence": "In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \" bandie ball ,\" played in England).", "paragraph_sentence": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. <hl> In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \" bandie ball ,\" played in England). <hl> IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "paragraph_answer": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"<hl> bandie ball <hl>,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "sentence_answer": "In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \" <hl> bandie ball <hl> ,\" played in England).", "paragraph_id": "5d6691f92b22cd4dfcfbe2ab"}
-{"question": "What Allied country went to Slovenia and saw that more allied soldiers were escaping German POW camps?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "British military", "sentence": "In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. <hl> In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. <hl> They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the <hl> British military <hl> mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In the spring of 1944, the <hl> British military <hl> mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c13e2b22cd4dfcfc0171"}
-{"question": "What government agency counts the number of homeless people?", "paragraph": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.  In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters.  Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007.  Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "answer": "U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development", "sentence": "Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.", "paragraph_sentence": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. <hl> Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. <hl> In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the <hl> U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development <hl> in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "Although the <hl> U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development <hl> in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3992b22cd4dfcfbce22"}
-{"question": "Since when do most saxophones have keytouches?", "paragraph": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.  Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "answer": "1920", "sentence": "Since 1920 , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. <hl> Since 1920 , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. <hl> Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "paragraph_answer": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since <hl> 1920 <hl>, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "sentence_answer": "Since <hl> 1920 <hl> , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767b52b22cd4dfcfbfa1f"}
-{"question": "Who paid little attention to legibility in design?", "paragraph": "Postmodern designers were in the beginning stages of what we now refer to as \"graphic design\". They created works beginning in the 1970s without any set adherence to rational order and formal organization. They also seemed to entirely pay no attention to traditional conventions such as legibility. Another characteristic of postmodern graphic design is that \"retro, techno, punk, grunge, beach, parody, and pastiche were all conspicuous trends. Each had its own sites and venues, detractors and advocates\". Yet, while postmodern design did not consist of one unified graphic style, the movement was an expressive and playful time for designers who searched for more and more ways to go against the system. Key influential postmodern graphic designers include Wolfgang Weingart, April Greiman, Tibor Kalman, and Jamie Reid.", "answer": "Postmodern designers", "sentence": "Postmodern designers were in the beginning stages of what we now refer to as \"graphic design\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Postmodern designers were in the beginning stages of what we now refer to as \"graphic design\". <hl> They created works beginning in the 1970s without any set adherence to rational order and formal organization. They also seemed to entirely pay no attention to traditional conventions such as legibility. Another characteristic of postmodern graphic design is that \"retro, techno, punk, grunge, beach, parody, and pastiche were all conspicuous trends. Each had its own sites and venues, detractors and advocates\". Yet, while postmodern design did not consist of one unified graphic style, the movement was an expressive and playful time for designers who searched for more and more ways to go against the system. Key influential postmodern graphic designers include Wolfgang Weingart, April Greiman, Tibor Kalman, and Jamie Reid.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Postmodern designers <hl> were in the beginning stages of what we now refer to as \"graphic design\". They created works beginning in the 1970s without any set adherence to rational order and formal organization. They also seemed to entirely pay no attention to traditional conventions such as legibility. Another characteristic of postmodern graphic design is that \"retro, techno, punk, grunge, beach, parody, and pastiche were all conspicuous trends. Each had its own sites and venues, detractors and advocates\". Yet, while postmodern design did not consist of one unified graphic style, the movement was an expressive and playful time for designers who searched for more and more ways to go against the system. Key influential postmodern graphic designers include Wolfgang Weingart, April Greiman, Tibor Kalman, and Jamie Reid.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Postmodern designers <hl> were in the beginning stages of what we now refer to as \"graphic design\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6725d72b22cd4dfcfbf0d0"}
-{"question": "What is the percentage of American adults that believe that the warming of the climate is due to human activity?", "paragraph": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "answer": "44%", "sentence": "While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. <hl> While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. <hl> Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, <hl> 44% <hl> of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "sentence_answer": "While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, <hl> 44% <hl> of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741ab2b22cd4dfcfbf419"}
-{"question": "Cuba and the Philippines used to be territories but are now what?", "paragraph": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "answer": "independent countries", "sentence": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries . <hl> The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now <hl> independent countries <hl>. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "sentence_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now <hl> independent countries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6773922b22cd4dfcfbfc48"}
-{"question": "When did many Croatians begin to join the Partisans?", "paragraph": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "answer": "late 1941", "sentence": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941 . <hl> In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "paragraph_answer": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in <hl> late 1941 <hl>. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "sentence_answer": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in <hl> late 1941 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fce42b22cd4dfcfbe945"}
-{"question": "In what way is first order logic unlike English?", "paragraph": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal.  There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "answer": "is completely formal", "sentence": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal , so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal , so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal. <hl> There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic <hl> is completely formal <hl>, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal. There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic <hl> is completely formal <hl> , so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6b42b22cd4dfcfbccb0"}
-{"question": "What year was a permanent European presence established in New Netherland?", "paragraph": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "answer": "1624", "sentence": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. <hl> In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "paragraph_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in <hl> 1624 <hl> with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "sentence_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in <hl> 1624 <hl> with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff252b22cd4dfcfbe9b0"}
-{"question": "Does tie still occur in the NHL?", "paragraph": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "answer": "Ties no longer occur in the NHL", "sentence": "Ties no longer occur in the NHL .", "paragraph_sentence": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. <hl> Ties no longer occur in the NHL . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. <hl> Ties no longer occur in the NHL <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Ties no longer occur in the NHL <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666bf52b22cd4dfcfbde92"}
-{"question": "what happened to the federal reform pressure regarding the regulation ?", "paragraph": "A wave of insurance company insolvencies in the 1980s sparked a renewed interest in federal insurance regulation, including new legislation for a dual state and federal system of insurance solvency regulation.  In response, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) adopted several model reforms for state insurance regulation, including risk-based capital requirements, financial regulation accreditation standards and an initiative to codify accounting principles. As more and more states enacted versions of these model reforms into law, the pressure for federal reform of insurance regulation waned. However, there are still significant differences between states in their systems of insurance regulation, and the cost of compliance with those systems is ultimately borne by insureds in the form of higher premiums. McKinsey & Company estimated in 2009 that the U.S. insurance industry incurs about $13 billion annually in unnecessary regulatory costs under the state-based regulatory system.", "answer": "waned.", "sentence": "As more and more states enacted versions of these model reforms into law, the pressure for federal reform of insurance regulation waned. However, there are still significant differences between states in their systems of insurance regulation, and the cost of compliance with those systems is ultimately borne by insureds in the form of higher premiums.", "paragraph_sentence": "A wave of insurance company insolvencies in the 1980s sparked a renewed interest in federal insurance regulation, including new legislation for a dual state and federal system of insurance solvency regulation. In response, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) adopted several model reforms for state insurance regulation, including risk-based capital requirements, financial regulation accreditation standards and an initiative to codify accounting principles. <hl> As more and more states enacted versions of these model reforms into law, the pressure for federal reform of insurance regulation waned. However, there are still significant differences between states in their systems of insurance regulation, and the cost of compliance with those systems is ultimately borne by insureds in the form of higher premiums. <hl> McKinsey & Company estimated in 2009 that the U.S. insurance industry incurs about $13 billion annually in unnecessary regulatory costs under the state-based regulatory system.", "paragraph_answer": "A wave of insurance company insolvencies in the 1980s sparked a renewed interest in federal insurance regulation, including new legislation for a dual state and federal system of insurance solvency regulation. In response, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) adopted several model reforms for state insurance regulation, including risk-based capital requirements, financial regulation accreditation standards and an initiative to codify accounting principles. As more and more states enacted versions of these model reforms into law, the pressure for federal reform of insurance regulation <hl> waned. <hl> However, there are still significant differences between states in their systems of insurance regulation, and the cost of compliance with those systems is ultimately borne by insureds in the form of higher premiums. McKinsey & Company estimated in 2009 that the U.S. insurance industry incurs about $13 billion annually in unnecessary regulatory costs under the state-based regulatory system.", "sentence_answer": "As more and more states enacted versions of these model reforms into law, the pressure for federal reform of insurance regulation <hl> waned. <hl> However, there are still significant differences between states in their systems of insurance regulation, and the cost of compliance with those systems is ultimately borne by insureds in the form of higher premiums.", "paragraph_id": "5d6620942b22cd4dfcfbd997"}
-{"question": "What was one of titles the first Africans imported to the English colonies referred to as?", "paragraph": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed.  Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants.  The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "answer": "indentured servants", "sentence": " The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \" indentured servants \", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. <hl> The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \" indentured servants \", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". <hl> By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "paragraph_answer": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"<hl> indentured servants <hl>\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "sentence_answer": " The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \" <hl> indentured servants <hl> \", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6598032b22cd4dfcfbca56"}
-{"question": "German army were intercepted by whom?", "paragraph": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "answer": "British", "sentence": "British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity.", "paragraph_sentence": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. <hl> British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. <hl> All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "paragraph_answer": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. <hl> British <hl> intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> British <hl> intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8002b22cd4dfcfc002e"}
-{"question": "What beat per minute interval is drum and bass usually between?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "answer": "160\u2013180 BPM", "sentence": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. <hl> A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass is usually between <hl> 160\u2013180 BPM <hl>, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "sentence_answer": "Drum and bass is usually between <hl> 160\u2013180 BPM <hl> , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fd2f2b22cd4dfcfbd4f0"}
-{"question": "The Great Awakening created much division between revivalists & traditionalists in what region of colonial America?", "paragraph": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "answer": "New England", "sentence": "It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. <hl> It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. <hl> It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "paragraph_answer": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in <hl> New England <hl> that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "sentence_answer": "It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in <hl> New England <hl> that challenged established authority.", "paragraph_id": "5d668cf72b22cd4dfcfbe230"}
-{"question": "Structural building enginnering is different to that of architectural design by means of what?", "paragraph": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic.", "answer": "an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic", "sentence": "This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic .", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. <hl> This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve <hl> an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve <hl> an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6757fb2b22cd4dfcfbf7a1"}
-{"question": "The winning team was awarded what?", "paragraph": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender.  In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "answer": "Carnival Cup", "sentence": "The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \" Carnival Cup .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. <hl> The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \" Carnival Cup .\" <hl> The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "paragraph_answer": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"<hl> Carnival Cup <hl>.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "sentence_answer": "The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \" <hl> Carnival Cup <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6662892b22cd4dfcfbdd37"}
-{"question": "Who won the most votes in the Electoral College in 2000?", "paragraph": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.\nIn the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.\nIn 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "answer": "George W. Bush", "sentence": "Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. <hl> Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. <hl> In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of <hl> George W. Bush <hl> and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "sentence_answer": "Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of <hl> George W. Bush <hl> and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_id": "5d66192a2b22cd4dfcfbd886"}
-{"question": "What is Jose Luis' second surname?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "Zapatero", "sentence": "For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. <hl> For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez <hl> Zapatero <hl> has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez <hl> Zapatero <hl> has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7362b22cd4dfcfbff29"}
-{"question": "What is the chemical formula for cassiterite?", "paragraph": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "answer": "SnO2", "sentence": "Cassiterite ( SnO2 ), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cassiterite ( SnO2 ), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. <hl> Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Cassiterite (<hl> SnO2 <hl>), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Cassiterite ( <hl> SnO2 <hl> ), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff872b22cd4dfcfbe9c2"}
-{"question": "First-order theories with infinite models can not be what?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "categorical", "sentence": "In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical .", "paragraph_sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. <hl> In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical . <hl> Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be <hl> categorical <hl>. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": "In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be <hl> categorical <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6022b22cd4dfcfbe3ad"}
-{"question": "When is Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line scheduled to begin operating?", "paragraph": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury. Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018. A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line, will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts, serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor Locks, and Springfield, MA and the Vermonter runs from Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.", "answer": "2018", "sentence": "A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury. Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. <hl> A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018 . <hl> A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line, will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts, serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor Locks, and Springfield, MA and the Vermonter runs from Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.", "paragraph_answer": "Southwestern Connecticut is served by the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and providing commuter service to New York City and New Haven, with branches servicing New Canaan, Danbury, and Waterbury. Connecticut lies along Amtrak's Northeast Corridor which features frequent Northeast Regional and Acela Express service. Towns between New Haven and New London are also served by the Shore Line East commuter line. A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in <hl> 2018 <hl>. A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line, will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. Amtrak also operates a shuttle service between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts, serving Wallingford, Meriden, Berlin, Hartford, Windsor Locks, and Springfield, MA and the Vermonter runs from Washington to St. Albans, Vermont via the same line.", "sentence_answer": "A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in <hl> 2018 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667d8f2b22cd4dfcfbe096"}
-{"question": "What does the Baltic sea dump into the North Sea?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "answer": "brackish water", "sentence": "A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. <hl> A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. <hl> Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of <hl> brackish water <hl> discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "sentence_answer": "A surface layer of <hl> brackish water <hl> discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d6619032b22cd4dfcfbd87d"}
-{"question": "What percentage of Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen?", "paragraph": "40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen. This may be because when a new dynasty took power in Vietnam it was custom to adopt that dynasty's surname. The last dynasty in Vietnam was the Nguyen dynasty, so as a result many people have this surname.", "answer": "40%", "sentence": "40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> 40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen. <hl> This may be because when a new dynasty took power in Vietnam it was custom to adopt that dynasty's surname. The last dynasty in Vietnam was the Nguyen dynasty, so as a result many people have this surname.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> 40% <hl> of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen. This may be because when a new dynasty took power in Vietnam it was custom to adopt that dynasty's surname. The last dynasty in Vietnam was the Nguyen dynasty, so as a result many people have this surname.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> 40% <hl> of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f52c2b22cd4dfcfbe78b"}
-{"question": "What does a negative meniscus lens have?", "paragraph": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "answer": "steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery", "sentence": "A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery .", "paragraph_sentence": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. <hl> A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery . <hl> Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "paragraph_answer": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a <hl> steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery <hl>. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "sentence_answer": "A negative meniscus lens has a <hl> steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6788922b22cd4dfcfbfe1a"}
-{"question": "In the United States, how many surnames cover 50% of the population?", "paragraph": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "answer": "1,712", "sentence": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. <hl> Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United States, <hl> 1,712 <hl> surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, <hl> 1,712 <hl> surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725962b22cd4dfcfbf0aa"}
-{"question": "Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives play an important role transporting what across membranes?", "paragraph": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "answer": "oligosaccharides", "sentence": "Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. <hl> Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. <hl> Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "paragraph_answer": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of <hl> oligosaccharides <hl> across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "sentence_answer": "Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of <hl> oligosaccharides <hl> across membranes.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f7b62b22cd4dfcfc0493"}
-{"question": "Arabic names  referring to a city of of origin is one component of the surname called what?", "paragraph": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. This component of the name is called a nisbah.", "answer": "nisbah", "sentence": "This component of the name is called a nisbah .", "paragraph_sentence": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. <hl> This component of the name is called a nisbah . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. This component of the name is called a <hl> nisbah <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This component of the name is called a <hl> nisbah <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673dfd2b22cd4dfcfbf3cd"}
-{"question": "How are feminine forms declined?", "paragraph": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "answer": "like first declension nouns", "sentence": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. <hl> For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "paragraph_answer": "First and second declension adjectives are declined <hl> like first declension nouns <hl> for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "sentence_answer": "First and second declension adjectives are declined <hl> like first declension nouns <hl> for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f48e2b22cd4dfcfbd3db"}
-{"question": "What degree in the US is equivalent to a master'd degree in Israel?", "paragraph": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "answer": "Doctor of Medicine", "sentence": "The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "paragraph_sentence": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. <hl> The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of <hl> Doctor of Medicine <hl> (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "sentence_answer": "The degree of <hl> Doctor of Medicine <hl> (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "paragraph_id": "5d6681912b22cd4dfcfbe11c"}
-{"question": "What is the poverty rate in Armenia?", "paragraph": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "answer": "34%", "sentence": "Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). <hl> Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". <hl> He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the <hl> 34% <hl> poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "sentence_answer": "Pointing out to the <hl> 34% <hl> poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657efc2b22cd4dfcfbc9bd"}
-{"question": "Which systems derivations can be longer than additional connectives derivations?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "limited", "sentence": "Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives.", "paragraph_sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. <hl> Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. <hl> There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the <hl> limited <hl> systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Similarly, derivations in the <hl> limited <hl> systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e69f2b22cd4dfcfbe506"}
-{"question": "What state beginning with the letter \"A\" does not use counties?", "paragraph": "The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in all but two states. The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). Counties exist to provide general local support of state government activities, such as collection of property tax revenues (counties almost never have their own power to tax), but without providing most of the services one associates with municipalities. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance. In some states, mainly in New England, they are primarily used as judicial districts. In other states, counties have broad powers in housing, education, transportation and recreation.", "answer": "Alaska", "sentence": "The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes).", "paragraph_sentence": "The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in all but two states. <hl> The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). <hl> Counties exist to provide general local support of state government activities, such as collection of property tax revenues (counties almost never have their own power to tax), but without providing most of the services one associates with municipalities. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance. In some states, mainly in New England, they are primarily used as judicial districts. In other states, counties have broad powers in housing, education, transportation and recreation.", "paragraph_answer": "The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in all but two states. The exceptions are <hl> Alaska <hl> where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). Counties exist to provide general local support of state government activities, such as collection of property tax revenues (counties almost never have their own power to tax), but without providing most of the services one associates with municipalities. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance. In some states, mainly in New England, they are primarily used as judicial districts. In other states, counties have broad powers in housing, education, transportation and recreation.", "sentence_answer": "The exceptions are <hl> Alaska <hl> where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes).", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb802b22cd4dfcfbe8e0"}
-{"question": "What other election is usually at the same time as House of Representatives.", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "answer": "election of senators", "sentence": "There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. <hl> There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the <hl> election of senators <hl> to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "sentence_answer": "There is no constitutional requirement for the <hl> election of senators <hl> to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4ef2b22cd4dfcfbcc6a"}
-{"question": "The Istanbul Special Provincial Administration is similar to what?", "paragraph": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "answer": "the MMI", "sentence": "Similar to the MMI , the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. <hl> Similar to the MMI , the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. <hl> Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to <hl> the MMI <hl>, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "sentence_answer": "Similar to <hl> the MMI <hl> , the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eaa12b22cd4dfcfbd27d"}
-{"question": "When was the Annual Homeless Assessment Report first released?", "paragraph": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "answer": "2007", "sentence": "Since 2007 , the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered.", "paragraph_sentence": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. <hl> Since 2007 , the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. <hl> It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. Since <hl> 2007 <hl>, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "Since <hl> 2007 <hl> , the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6002b22cd4dfcfbce84"}
-{"question": "The rate of precipitation increases when a cloud becomes what?", "paragraph": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "answer": "deeper", "sentence": "The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. <hl> The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the <hl> deeper <hl> the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "sentence_answer": "The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the <hl> deeper <hl> the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1a92b22cd4dfcfbe6b6"}
-{"question": "What are U.S. flags that are the prescribed 1.9 ratio called?", "paragraph": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "answer": "\"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags", "sentence": "Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags .", "paragraph_sentence": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. <hl> Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as <hl> \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as <hl> \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666cb92b22cd4dfcfbde98"}
-{"question": "What percent chance is enough to be considered significant for a 10 percent loss?", "paragraph": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater.  Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance.  Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "answer": "10", "sentence": " Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. <hl> Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. <hl> Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a <hl> 10 <hl> percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "sentence_answer": " Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a <hl> 10 <hl> percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7d92b22cd4dfcfbcd09"}
-{"question": "Which river splits Rotterdam into northern and southern parts?", "paragraph": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "answer": "Nieuwe Maas", "sentence": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas , connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge').", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> 'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas , connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). <hl> The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "paragraph_answer": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river <hl> Nieuwe Maas <hl>, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river <hl> Nieuwe Maas <hl> , connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge').", "paragraph_id": "5d67b70b2b22cd4dfcfc0004"}
-{"question": "who is specialized in industrial structures?", "paragraph": "Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "answer": "Structural engineers", "sentence": "Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "paragraph_id": "5d67755a2b22cd4dfcfbfc9f"}
-{"question": "Why is private creation of standards better in some cases like public safety?", "paragraph": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from  commodity market,  inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed]  Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative\nbenefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "answer": "because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\"", "sentence": "They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from commodity market, inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed] Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative benefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. <hl> They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from commodity market, inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed] Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative benefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better <hl> because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" <hl> As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "sentence_answer": "They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better <hl> because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" <hl> As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c56e2b22cd4dfcfbcc82"}
-{"question": "What type of impact often happens to the environment when jobs are created?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "adverse", "sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. <hl> Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, <hl> adverse <hl> environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, <hl> adverse <hl> environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec7c"}
-{"question": "How many Catholicos does the Armenian church currently have?", "paragraph": "It is headed by a Catholicos (the plural is Catholicoi). Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "answer": "two catholicoi", "sentence": "The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is headed by a Catholicos (the plural is Catholicoi). Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. <hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is headed by a Catholicos (the plural is Catholicoi). Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has <hl> two catholicoi <hl> (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has <hl> two catholicoi <hl> (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church.", "paragraph_id": "5d6579c92b22cd4dfcfbc949"}
-{"question": "What year was Tet Offensive by North Vietnam in the south?", "paragraph": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "answer": "1968", "sentence": "With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968 , US forces suffered heavy losses.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. <hl> With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968 , US forces suffered heavy losses. <hl> The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "paragraph_answer": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of <hl> 1968 <hl>, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "sentence_answer": "With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of <hl> 1968 <hl> , US forces suffered heavy losses.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b6f32b22cd4dfcfbfffe"}
-{"question": "What does the NAIC models provide ?", "paragraph": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.  They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "answer": "NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states", "sentence": "NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states , but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.", "paragraph_sentence": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. <hl> NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states , but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. <hl> They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "paragraph_answer": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. <hl> NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states <hl>, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states <hl> , but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.", "paragraph_id": "5d6623f52b22cd4dfcfbd9e5"}
-{"question": "What was Felix Guattari often considered to be?", "paragraph": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \"postmodernist\", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "answer": "postmodernist", "sentence": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" postmodernist \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" postmodernist \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". <hl> Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "paragraph_answer": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \"<hl> postmodernist <hl>\", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "sentence_answer": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" <hl> postmodernist <hl> \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67d08a2b22cd4dfcfc028e"}
-{"question": "Who is in charge of fundraising for state gubernatorial races on the Republican side?", "paragraph": "The Republican House and Senate caucuses have separate fundraising and strategy committees. The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) assists in House races, while the National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) does so in Senate races. They each raise over $100 million per election cycle, and play important roles in recruiting strong state candidates, while the Republican Governors Association (RGA) assists in state gubernatorial races; in 2014 it is chaired by Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey.", "answer": "Republican Governors Association (RGA)", "sentence": "They each raise over $100 million per election cycle, and play important roles in recruiting strong state candidates, while the Republican Governors Association (RGA) assists in state gubernatorial races; in 2014 it is chaired by Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Republican House and Senate caucuses have separate fundraising and strategy committees. The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) assists in House races, while the National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) does so in Senate races. <hl> They each raise over $100 million per election cycle, and play important roles in recruiting strong state candidates, while the Republican Governors Association (RGA) assists in state gubernatorial races; in 2014 it is chaired by Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican House and Senate caucuses have separate fundraising and strategy committees. The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) assists in House races, while the National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) does so in Senate races. They each raise over $100 million per election cycle, and play important roles in recruiting strong state candidates, while the <hl> Republican Governors Association (RGA) <hl> assists in state gubernatorial races; in 2014 it is chaired by Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey.", "sentence_answer": "They each raise over $100 million per election cycle, and play important roles in recruiting strong state candidates, while the <hl> Republican Governors Association (RGA) <hl> assists in state gubernatorial races; in 2014 it is chaired by Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey.", "paragraph_id": "5d67da372b22cd4dfcfc032d"}
-{"question": "Who made Istanbul part of the Roman Empire?", "paragraph": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter  widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "answer": "Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE", "sentence": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE , the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE , the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". <hl> He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "paragraph_answer": "After <hl> Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE <hl>, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "sentence_answer": "After <hl> Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE <hl> , the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1972b22cd4dfcfbd0ce"}
-{"question": "In what year was the New York Downing stadium torn down?", "paragraph": "The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League played their home games at Downing Stadium for two seasons, starting in 1974. In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a $4.5 million contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory. The playing pitch and facilities at Downing Stadium were in dreadful condition though and as the team's popularity grew they too left for Yankee Stadium, and then Giants Stadium. The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "answer": "2002", "sentence": "The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League played their home games at Downing Stadium for two seasons, starting in 1974. In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a $4.5 million contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory. The playing pitch and facilities at Downing Stadium were in dreadful condition though and as the team's popularity grew they too left for Yankee Stadium, and then Giants Stadium. <hl> The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League played their home games at Downing Stadium for two seasons, starting in 1974. In 1975, the team signed Pel\u00e9, officially recorded by FIFA as the world's greatest soccer player, to a $4.5 million contract, drawing a capacity crowd of 22,500 to watch him lead the team to a 2\u20130 victory. The playing pitch and facilities at Downing Stadium were in dreadful condition though and as the team's popularity grew they too left for Yankee Stadium, and then Giants Stadium. The stadium was demolished in <hl> 2002 <hl> to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "sentence_answer": "The stadium was demolished in <hl> 2002 <hl> to make way for the $45 million, 4,754-seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club.", "paragraph_id": "5d670c772b22cd4dfcfbec2a"}
-{"question": "What is another name for an insurance fee?", "paragraph": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).  For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.  That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "answer": "insurance premium", "sentence": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium ) <hl> . For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the <hl> insurance premium <hl>). For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "sentence_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the <hl> insurance premium <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65ebfe2b22cd4dfcfbd2ab"}
-{"question": "How many rules did England's field hockey organization have?", "paragraph": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "answer": "twelve", "sentence": "In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. <hl> In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. <hl> The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's <hl> twelve <hl> rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "sentence_answer": "In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's <hl> twelve <hl> rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2532b22cd4dfcfbd0e3"}
-{"question": "What river did the Bonneville Expedition route take place on?", "paragraph": "In 1833, a subgroup of the Bonneville Expedition led by Joseph Reddeford Walker was sent westward to find an overland route to California. Eventually the party discovered a route along the Humboldt River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage. The group may have been the first non-indigenous people to see Yosemite Valley. The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "answer": "Humboldt", "sentence": "Eventually the party discovered a route along the Humboldt River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1833, a subgroup of the Bonneville Expedition led by Joseph Reddeford Walker was sent westward to find an overland route to California. <hl> Eventually the party discovered a route along the Humboldt River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage. <hl> The group may have been the first non-indigenous people to see Yosemite Valley. The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1833, a subgroup of the Bonneville Expedition led by Joseph Reddeford Walker was sent westward to find an overland route to California. Eventually the party discovered a route along the <hl> Humboldt <hl> River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage. The group may have been the first non-indigenous people to see Yosemite Valley. The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "sentence_answer": "Eventually the party discovered a route along the <hl> Humboldt <hl> River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707422b22cd4dfcfbeb27"}
-{"question": "How are the legislators called to a vote?", "paragraph": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "answer": "bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes", "sentence": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes , during which time senators must go to the chamber.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes , during which time senators must go to the chamber. <hl> At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "paragraph_answer": "When a division is to be held, <hl> bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes <hl>, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "sentence_answer": "When a division is to be held, <hl> bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes <hl> , during which time senators must go to the chamber.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3f42b22cd4dfcfbd136"}
-{"question": "What polarized the state?", "paragraph": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "answer": "Religious tensions", "sentence": "Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. <hl> Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. <hl> The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "paragraph_answer": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. <hl> Religious tensions <hl> polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Religious tensions <hl> polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power.", "paragraph_id": "5d6625c22b22cd4dfcfbda14"}
-{"question": "Moving between the key centers indicates a lack of what in the saxophone?", "paragraph": "The fingering scheme of the saxophone, which has had only minor changes since the instrument's original invention, has presented inherent acoustic problems related to closed keys below the first open tonehole that affect response of, and slightly muffle, some notes.  There is also a lack of tactile consistency moving between key centers.  In other words, extra effort is required from the player to adjust modes of muscle memory when moving between key centers.  Two efforts to remedy the acoustic problems and awkward aspects of the original fingering system are noteworthy.", "answer": "tactile consistency", "sentence": " There is also a lack of tactile consistency moving between key centers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The fingering scheme of the saxophone, which has had only minor changes since the instrument's original invention, has presented inherent acoustic problems related to closed keys below the first open tonehole that affect response of, and slightly muffle, some notes. <hl> There is also a lack of tactile consistency moving between key centers. <hl> In other words, extra effort is required from the player to adjust modes of muscle memory when moving between key centers. Two efforts to remedy the acoustic problems and awkward aspects of the original fingering system are noteworthy.", "paragraph_answer": "The fingering scheme of the saxophone, which has had only minor changes since the instrument's original invention, has presented inherent acoustic problems related to closed keys below the first open tonehole that affect response of, and slightly muffle, some notes. There is also a lack of <hl> tactile consistency <hl> moving between key centers. In other words, extra effort is required from the player to adjust modes of muscle memory when moving between key centers. Two efforts to remedy the acoustic problems and awkward aspects of the original fingering system are noteworthy.", "sentence_answer": " There is also a lack of <hl> tactile consistency <hl> moving between key centers.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e722b22cd4dfcfbf8e0"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the saxophone's creator?", "paragraph": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "answer": "Sax", "sentence": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. <hl> Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. <hl> Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that <hl> Sax <hl> had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that <hl> Sax <hl> had designed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e52b22cd4dfcfbf009"}
-{"question": "How many miles is Loktak Lake from Imphal?", "paragraph": "48 km (30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea. There is a Tourist Bungalow atop Sendra Island. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with an attached cafeteria in the middle of the lake. Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants. The wetland is swampy and is favourable for a number of species. It is in the district of Bishnupur. The etymology of Loktak is \"lok = stream / tak = the end\" (End of the Streams). Sendra park and resort is opening on the top of Sendra hills and attracting the tourist.", "answer": "30", "sentence": "48 km ( 30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> 48 km ( 30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea. <hl> There is a Tourist Bungalow atop Sendra Island. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with an attached cafeteria in the middle of the lake. Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants. The wetland is swampy and is favourable for a number of species. It is in the district of Bishnupur. The etymology of Loktak is \"lok = stream / tak = the end\" (End of the Streams). Sendra park and resort is opening on the top of Sendra hills and attracting the tourist.", "paragraph_answer": "48 km (<hl> 30 <hl> mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea. There is a Tourist Bungalow atop Sendra Island. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with an attached cafeteria in the middle of the lake. Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants. The wetland is swampy and is favourable for a number of species. It is in the district of Bishnupur. The etymology of Loktak is \"lok = stream / tak = the end\" (End of the Streams). Sendra park and resort is opening on the top of Sendra hills and attracting the tourist.", "sentence_answer": "48 km ( <hl> 30 <hl> mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766cd2b22cd4dfcfbfa03"}
-{"question": "What did the Congressional Budget Office project would happen because of the proposed changes?", "paragraph": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "answer": "cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013", "sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013 , with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs.", "paragraph_sentence": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. <hl> The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013 , with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. <hl> The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely <hl> cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013 <hl>, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "sentence_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely <hl> cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013 <hl> , with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b2f2b22cd4dfcfbebcf"}
-{"question": "What is the abbreviate for the Intel Itanium Architecture?", "paragraph": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "answer": "IA-64", "sentence": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture ( IA-64 ), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture ( IA-64 ), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. <hl> Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (<hl> IA-64 <hl>), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "sentence_answer": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture ( <hl> IA-64 <hl> ), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it.", "paragraph_id": "5d67aa7b2b22cd4dfcfbff6a"}
-{"question": "What kind of precipitation is found in locations that are above 1,800 m?", "paragraph": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.  During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "answer": "snow", "sentence": " During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m).", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. <hl> During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). <hl> Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as <hl> snow <hl> above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "sentence_answer": " During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as <hl> snow <hl> above 6,000 ft (1,800 m).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4522b22cd4dfcfbe75f"}
-{"question": "Who was Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella?", "paragraph": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador", "sentence": "For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador , General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. <hl> For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador , General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former <hl> Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador <hl>, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "For instance, former <hl> Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador <hl> , General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766b22b22cd4dfcfbf9ee"}
-{"question": "Landlords were exploited by greedy owners that they nicknamed what?", "paragraph": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "answer": "\"cockroach landlords\"", "sentence": "Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants.", "paragraph_sentence": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. <hl> Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. <hl> By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with <hl> \"cockroach landlords\" <hl> exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "sentence_answer": "Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with <hl> \"cockroach landlords\" <hl> exploiting the new immigrants.", "paragraph_id": "5d673ba22b22cd4dfcfbf37c"}
-{"question": "When did the merge happen?", "paragraph": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "answer": "March 1945", "sentence": "In March 1945 , the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. <hl> In March 1945 , the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In <hl> March 1945 <hl>, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> March 1945 <hl> , the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67971f2b22cd4dfcfbfea2"}
-{"question": "In which year was New Orleans founded?", "paragraph": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "answer": "1718", "sentence": "This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718 .", "paragraph_sentence": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. <hl> This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718 . <hl> Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "paragraph_answer": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in <hl> 1718 <hl>. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "sentence_answer": "This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in <hl> 1718 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4662b22cd4dfcfbd160"}
-{"question": "Who is the Bolshevik party leader between 1908 to 1917?", "paragraph": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "answer": "Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP", "sentence": "Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. <hl> Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. <hl> Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "paragraph_answer": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, <hl> Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP <hl> in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "sentence_answer": "Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, <hl> Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP <hl> in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6813002b22cd4dfcfc0557"}
-{"question": "How did Latin change during the post-classical period?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "This language was more in line with the everyday speech", "sentence": "This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. <hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. <hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech <hl> not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech <hl> not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9d"}
-{"question": "Whose reign over Constantinople ended in 1025?", "paragraph": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade,  where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "answer": "Basil II", "sentence": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025. <hl> The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade, where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "paragraph_answer": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of <hl> Basil II <hl> in 1025. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade, where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "sentence_answer": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of <hl> Basil II <hl> in 1025.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2d32b22cd4dfcfbd0fc"}
-{"question": "what did the NCH called those acts?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "hate crimes", "sentence": "The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress).", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. <hl> The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). <hl> They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts <hl> hate crimes <hl> (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "The NCH called those acts <hl> hate crimes <hl> (they retain the definition of the American Congress).", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fc2b22cd4dfcfbdf66"}
-{"question": "What does U-PARC stand for?", "paragraph": "The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. The university also has a major archeological research site, the Allen L. Cook Spring Creek Preserve, in Spring Creek, Wyoming.", "answer": "University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center", "sentence": "Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville.", "paragraph_sentence": "The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. <hl> Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. <hl> The university also has a major archeological research site, the Allen L. Cook Spring Creek Preserve, in Spring Creek, Wyoming.", "paragraph_answer": "The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the <hl> University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center <hl> (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. The university also has a major archeological research site, the Allen L. Cook Spring Creek Preserve, in Spring Creek, Wyoming.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the <hl> University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center <hl> (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706f52b22cd4dfcfbeb20"}
-{"question": "When is the festival held each year?", "paragraph": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "answer": "2nd lunar day of Heyangei", "sentence": "It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. <hl> It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the <hl> 2nd lunar day of Heyangei <hl> (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "It is held every year on the <hl> 2nd lunar day of Heyangei <hl> (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67896a2b22cd4dfcfbfe27"}
-{"question": "What did Neolithic societies do to modify their natural environment?", "paragraph": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "answer": "irrigation and deforestation", "sentence": "These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation ) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. <hl> These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation ) which allowed extensive surplus food production. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., <hl> irrigation and deforestation <hl>) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "sentence_answer": "These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., <hl> irrigation and deforestation <hl> ) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "paragraph_id": "5d673a092b22cd4dfcfbf313"}
-{"question": "Since what year has liberalism taken a downturn in the Republican Party?", "paragraph": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "answer": "1976", "sentence": "Since 1976 , liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. <hl> Since 1976 , liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since <hl> 1976 <hl>, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "sentence_answer": "Since <hl> 1976 <hl> , liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a002b22cd4dfcfbf510"}
-{"question": "What does a magnifying glass create?", "paragraph": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "answer": "virtual image behind the magnifying glass", "sentence": "The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. <hl> The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) <hl> virtual image behind the magnifying glass <hl>, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "sentence_answer": "The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) <hl> virtual image behind the magnifying glass <hl> , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dbe2b22cd4dfcfbfe71"}
-{"question": "When must the value of x be fetched again?", "paragraph": "There are some seemingly obvious optimizations of procedure calls that cannot be applied if the procedures may have side effects. For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice, because the two calls may return different results. Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call, since the first call may have changed it. Determining whether a subprogram may have a side effect is very difficult (indeed, undecidable).[citation needed] So, while those optimizations are safe in purely functional programming languages, compilers of typical imperative programming usually have to assume the worst.", "answer": "before the second call", "sentence": "Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call , since the first call may have changed it.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are some seemingly obvious optimizations of procedure calls that cannot be applied if the procedures may have side effects. For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice, because the two calls may return different results. <hl> Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call , since the first call may have changed it. <hl> Determining whether a subprogram may have a side effect is very difficult (indeed, undecidable).[citation needed] So, while those optimizations are safe in purely functional programming languages, compilers of typical imperative programming usually have to assume the worst.", "paragraph_answer": "There are some seemingly obvious optimizations of procedure calls that cannot be applied if the procedures may have side effects. For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice, because the two calls may return different results. Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again <hl> before the second call <hl>, since the first call may have changed it. Determining whether a subprogram may have a side effect is very difficult (indeed, undecidable).[citation needed] So, while those optimizations are safe in purely functional programming languages, compilers of typical imperative programming usually have to assume the worst.", "sentence_answer": "Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again <hl> before the second call <hl> , since the first call may have changed it.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2342b22cd4dfcfc0389"}
-{"question": "How much was the time warner center valued at in 2006?", "paragraph": "Real estate is a major force in Manhattan's economy, and indeed the city's, as the total value of all New York City property was assessed at US$914.8 billion for the 2015 fiscal year. Manhattan has perennially been home to some of the nation's, as well as the world's, most valuable real estate, including the Time Warner Center, which had the highest-listed market value in the city in 2006 at US$1.1 billion, to be subsequently surpassed in October 2014 by the Waldorf Astoria New York, which became the most expensive hotel ever sold after being purchased by the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, for US$1.95 billion. When 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for US$510 million, about US$1,589 per square foot (US$17,104/m\u00b2), it broke the barely month-old record for an American office building of US$1,476 per square foot (US$15,887/m\u00b2) based on the sale of 660 Madison Avenue. In 2014, Manhattan was home to six of the top ten zip codes in the United States by median housing price.", "answer": "US$1.1 billion", "sentence": "Manhattan has perennially been home to some of the nation's, as well as the world's, most valuable real estate, including the Time Warner Center, which had the highest-listed market value in the city in 2006 at US$1.1 billion , to be subsequently surpassed in October 2014 by the Waldorf Astoria New York, which became the most expensive hotel ever sold after being purchased by the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, for US$1.95 billion.", "paragraph_sentence": "Real estate is a major force in Manhattan's economy, and indeed the city's, as the total value of all New York City property was assessed at US$914.8 billion for the 2015 fiscal year. <hl> Manhattan has perennially been home to some of the nation's, as well as the world's, most valuable real estate, including the Time Warner Center, which had the highest-listed market value in the city in 2006 at US$1.1 billion , to be subsequently surpassed in October 2014 by the Waldorf Astoria New York, which became the most expensive hotel ever sold after being purchased by the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, for US$1.95 billion. <hl> When 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for US$510 million, about US$1,589 per square foot (US$17,104/m\u00b2), it broke the barely month-old record for an American office building of US$1,476 per square foot (US$15,887/m\u00b2) based on the sale of 660 Madison Avenue. In 2014, Manhattan was home to six of the top ten zip codes in the United States by median housing price.", "paragraph_answer": "Real estate is a major force in Manhattan's economy, and indeed the city's, as the total value of all New York City property was assessed at US$914.8 billion for the 2015 fiscal year. Manhattan has perennially been home to some of the nation's, as well as the world's, most valuable real estate, including the Time Warner Center, which had the highest-listed market value in the city in 2006 at <hl> US$1.1 billion <hl>, to be subsequently surpassed in October 2014 by the Waldorf Astoria New York, which became the most expensive hotel ever sold after being purchased by the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, for US$1.95 billion. When 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for US$510 million, about US$1,589 per square foot (US$17,104/m\u00b2), it broke the barely month-old record for an American office building of US$1,476 per square foot (US$15,887/m\u00b2) based on the sale of 660 Madison Avenue. In 2014, Manhattan was home to six of the top ten zip codes in the United States by median housing price.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan has perennially been home to some of the nation's, as well as the world's, most valuable real estate, including the Time Warner Center, which had the highest-listed market value in the city in 2006 at <hl> US$1.1 billion <hl> , to be subsequently surpassed in October 2014 by the Waldorf Astoria New York, which became the most expensive hotel ever sold after being purchased by the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, for US$1.95 billion.", "paragraph_id": "5d679f632b22cd4dfcfbfebd"}
-{"question": "Why is an explanation of abbreviations a problem for people who already know them?", "paragraph": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "answer": "redundant to such readers", "sentence": "In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions ( redundant to such readers )", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) <hl> In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions ( redundant to such readers ) <hl> .", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (<hl> redundant to such readers <hl>).", "sentence_answer": "In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions ( <hl> redundant to such readers <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d657bf82b22cd4dfcfbc97f"}
-{"question": "How much does the university spend each year on research?", "paragraph": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "answer": "$900 million", "sentence": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. <hl> A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "paragraph_answer": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly <hl> $900 million <hl> in research and development expenditures. A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "sentence_answer": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly <hl> $900 million <hl> in research and development expenditures.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fa7d2b22cd4dfcfbe8c0"}
-{"question": "What would be a second way you would casually refer to Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella?", "paragraph": "Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella is also known more casually as Luis Paz y Mi\u00f1o, Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o, or Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o. He would never be regarded as Luis Estrella, Telmo Estrella, or Luis Telmo Estrella, nor as Luis Paz, Telmo Paz, or Luis Telmo Paz. This is because \"Paz\" alone is not his surname (although other people use the \"Paz\" surname on its own).", "answer": "Luis Paz y Mi\u00f1o", "sentence": "Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella is also known more casually as Luis Paz y Mi\u00f1o , Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o, or Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella is also known more casually as Luis Paz y Mi\u00f1o , Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o, or Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o. <hl> He would never be regarded as Luis Estrella, Telmo Estrella, or Luis Telmo Estrella, nor as Luis Paz, Telmo Paz, or Luis Telmo Paz. This is because \"Paz\" alone is not his surname (although other people use the \"Paz\" surname on its own).", "paragraph_answer": "Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella is also known more casually as <hl> Luis Paz y Mi\u00f1o <hl>, Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o, or Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o. He would never be regarded as Luis Estrella, Telmo Estrella, or Luis Telmo Estrella, nor as Luis Paz, Telmo Paz, or Luis Telmo Paz. This is because \"Paz\" alone is not his surname (although other people use the \"Paz\" surname on its own).", "sentence_answer": "Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella is also known more casually as <hl> Luis Paz y Mi\u00f1o <hl> , Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o, or Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o.", "paragraph_id": "5d6768822b22cd4dfcfbfa5d"}
-{"question": "What two settlements comprised the Province of Massachusetts Bay?", "paragraph": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "answer": "Massachusetts and Plymouth", "sentence": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "paragraph_sentence": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. <hl> However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. <hl> Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "paragraph_answer": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined <hl> Massachusetts and Plymouth <hl> into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined <hl> Massachusetts and Plymouth <hl> into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "paragraph_id": "5d661e042b22cd4dfcfbd940"}
-{"question": "The major focus of these exposure effects is what?", "paragraph": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did.  Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5.  Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure.  PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "answer": "PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk", "sentence": "Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk .", "paragraph_sentence": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. <hl> Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk . <hl> For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "paragraph_answer": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, <hl> PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk <hl>. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "sentence_answer": "Currently, <hl> PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7642b22cd4dfcfbcebb"}
-{"question": "In which year did the inhabitants of West Florida revolt against the Spanish?", "paragraph": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "answer": "1810", "sentence": "The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. <hl> The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. <hl> The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in <hl> 1810 <hl> and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "sentence_answer": "The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in <hl> 1810 <hl> and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de8b2b22cd4dfcfbd024"}
-{"question": "What do the Pokey awards \"honor\"?", "paragraph": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "answer": "slowest service in New York City", "sentence": "The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. <hl> The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for <hl> slowest service in New York City <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for <hl> slowest service in New York City <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6710772b22cd4dfcfbed1c"}
-{"question": "What year was the term Big Apple used in an ad campaign by the New York City Convention?", "paragraph": "The borough has a place in several American idioms. The phrase a New York minute is meant to convey a very short time, sometimes in hyperbolic form, as in \"perhaps faster than you would believe is possible\". It refers to the rapid pace of life in Manhattan. The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908. The iconic Flatiron Building is said to have been the source of the phrase \"23 skidoo\" or scram, from what cops would shout at men who tried to get glimpses of women's dresses being blown up by the winds created by the triangular building. The \"Big Apple\" dates back to the 1920s, when a reporter heard the term used by New Orleans stablehands to refer to New York City's racetracks and named his racing column \"Around The Big Apple.\" Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a 1970s ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "answer": "1970s", "sentence": "Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a 1970s ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "paragraph_sentence": "The borough has a place in several American idioms. The phrase a New York minute is meant to convey a very short time, sometimes in hyperbolic form, as in \"perhaps faster than you would believe is possible\". It refers to the rapid pace of life in Manhattan. The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908. The iconic Flatiron Building is said to have been the source of the phrase \"23 skidoo\" or scram, from what cops would shout at men who tried to get glimpses of women's dresses being blown up by the winds created by the triangular building. The \"Big Apple\" dates back to the 1920s, when a reporter heard the term used by New Orleans stablehands to refer to New York City's racetracks and named his racing column \"Around The Big Apple.\" <hl> Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a 1970s ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The borough has a place in several American idioms. The phrase a New York minute is meant to convey a very short time, sometimes in hyperbolic form, as in \"perhaps faster than you would believe is possible\". It refers to the rapid pace of life in Manhattan. The term \"melting pot\" was first popularly coined to describe the densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side in Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet set by Zangwill in New York City in 1908. The iconic Flatiron Building is said to have been the source of the phrase \"23 skidoo\" or scram, from what cops would shout at men who tried to get glimpses of women's dresses being blown up by the winds created by the triangular building. The \"Big Apple\" dates back to the 1920s, when a reporter heard the term used by New Orleans stablehands to refer to New York City's racetracks and named his racing column \"Around The Big Apple.\" Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a <hl> 1970s <hl> ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "sentence_answer": "Jazz musicians adopted the term to refer to the city as the world's jazz capital, and a <hl> 1970s <hl> ad campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau helped popularize the term.", "paragraph_id": "5d67196f2b22cd4dfcfbef3b"}
-{"question": "What is private data?", "paragraph": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "answer": "parameters, return address, and local variables", "sentence": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( parameters, return address, and local variables ) of each procedure", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( parameters, return address, and local variables ) of each procedure <hl> . At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "paragraph_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (<hl> parameters, return address, and local variables <hl>) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "sentence_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( <hl> parameters, return address, and local variables <hl> ) of each procedure", "paragraph_id": "5d674ed22b22cd4dfcfbf60b"}
-{"question": "What types of plants were not gathered at harvest?", "paragraph": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "answer": "Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity", "sentence": "Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. <hl> Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. <hl> Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity <hl> tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity <hl> tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d552b22cd4dfcfbf3b0"}
-{"question": "What can you find just a short distance away from Cotopaxi?", "paragraph": "The climate in the Andes varies greatly depending on latitude, altitude, and proximity to the sea. Temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity decrease in higher elevations. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances. Rainforests exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi. The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The snow line depends on the location. It is at between 4,500 and 4,800 m (14,800 and 15,700 ft) in the tropical Ecuadorian, Colombian, Venezuelan, and northern Peruvian Andes, rising to 4,800\u20135,200 m (15,700\u201317,100 ft) in the drier mountains of southern Peru south to northern Chile south to about 30\u00b0S, then descending to 4,500 m (14,760 ft) on Aconcagua at 32\u00b0S, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at 40\u00b0S, 500 m (1,640 ft) at 50\u00b0S, and only 300 m (980 ft) in Tierra del Fuego at 55\u00b0S; from 50\u00b0S, several of the larger glaciers descend to sea level.", "answer": "Rainforests", "sentence": "Rainforests exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate in the Andes varies greatly depending on latitude, altitude, and proximity to the sea. Temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity decrease in higher elevations. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances. <hl> Rainforests exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi. <hl> The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The snow line depends on the location. It is at between 4,500 and 4,800 m (14,800 and 15,700 ft) in the tropical Ecuadorian, Colombian, Venezuelan, and northern Peruvian Andes, rising to 4,800\u20135,200 m (15,700\u201317,100 ft) in the drier mountains of southern Peru south to northern Chile south to about 30\u00b0S, then descending to 4,500 m (14,760 ft) on Aconcagua at 32\u00b0S, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at 40\u00b0S, 500 m (1,640 ft) at 50\u00b0S, and only 300 m (980 ft) in Tierra del Fuego at 55\u00b0S; from 50\u00b0S, several of the larger glaciers descend to sea level.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate in the Andes varies greatly depending on latitude, altitude, and proximity to the sea. Temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity decrease in higher elevations. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances. <hl> Rainforests <hl> exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi. The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The snow line depends on the location. It is at between 4,500 and 4,800 m (14,800 and 15,700 ft) in the tropical Ecuadorian, Colombian, Venezuelan, and northern Peruvian Andes, rising to 4,800\u20135,200 m (15,700\u201317,100 ft) in the drier mountains of southern Peru south to northern Chile south to about 30\u00b0S, then descending to 4,500 m (14,760 ft) on Aconcagua at 32\u00b0S, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at 40\u00b0S, 500 m (1,640 ft) at 50\u00b0S, and only 300 m (980 ft) in Tierra del Fuego at 55\u00b0S; from 50\u00b0S, several of the larger glaciers descend to sea level.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Rainforests <hl> exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi.", "paragraph_id": "5d6699022b22cd4dfcfbe33b"}
-{"question": "Who founded outposts at Green Bay,Fort Buade and Saint Ignace?", "paragraph": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "answer": "French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments", "sentence": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. <hl> During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1660, <hl> French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments <hl> based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "sentence_answer": "By 1660, <hl> French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments <hl> based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3222b22cd4dfcfbd11a"}
-{"question": "How many years it takes to get the degree in medicine in the Netherlands?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "answer": "6", "sentence": "After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine).", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. <hl> After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). <hl> As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After <hl> 6 <hl> years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "sentence_answer": "After <hl> 6 <hl> years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine).", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc202b22cd4dfcfbcf5e"}
-{"question": "Besides corporations and private companies, who else has worked to have government services turned over to them?", "paragraph": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "answer": "non-profit organizations or associations", "sentence": "Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations ,", "paragraph_sentence": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. <hl> Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations , <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to <hl> non-profit organizations or associations <hl>,", "sentence_answer": "Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to <hl> non-profit organizations or associations <hl> ,", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3852b22cd4dfcfbcc0d"}
-{"question": "What other court did Oxford house?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "Charles II", "sentence": "It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. <hl> It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. <hl> Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of <hl> Charles II <hl> during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "It later housed the court of <hl> Charles II <hl> during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6e2b22cd4dfcfbf8d6"}
-{"question": "First-order theory with infinite model would have cardinality larger than what?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem implies that infinite structures cannot be categorically axiomatized in first-order logic. For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the continuum. Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models. When the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem is applied to first-order set theories, the nonintuitive consequences are known as Skolem's paradox.", "answer": "continuum", "sentence": "For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the continuum .", "paragraph_sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem implies that infinite structures cannot be categorically axiomatized in first-order logic. <hl> For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the continuum . <hl> Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models. When the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem is applied to first-order set theories, the nonintuitive consequences are known as Skolem's paradox.", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem implies that infinite structures cannot be categorically axiomatized in first-order logic. For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the <hl> continuum <hl>. Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models. When the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem is applied to first-order set theories, the nonintuitive consequences are known as Skolem's paradox.", "sentence_answer": "For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the <hl> continuum <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671abd2b22cd4dfcfbef5d"}
-{"question": "What's a technical term for axial force and bending?", "paragraph": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force -  compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a beam-column but practically, just a column). The design of a column must check the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity.", "answer": "beam-column", "sentence": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force -  compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a beam-column but practically, just a column).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Columns are elements that carry only axial force - compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a beam-column but practically, just a column). <hl> The design of a column must check the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity.", "paragraph_answer": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force - compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a <hl> beam-column <hl> but practically, just a column). The design of a column must check the axial capacity of the element, and the buckling capacity.", "sentence_answer": "Columns are elements that carry only axial force - compression - or both axial force and bending (which is technically called a <hl> beam-column <hl> but practically, just a column).", "paragraph_id": "5d6819dd2b22cd4dfcfc05b9"}
-{"question": "IABSE is what kind of Structural engineering orginization?", "paragraph": "The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. The complexity of modern structures often requires a great deal of creativity from the engineer in order to ensure the structures support and resist the loads they are subjected to. A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified.\nStructural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). Depending on the degree course they have studied and/or the jurisdiction they are seeking licensure in, they may be accredited (or licensed) as just structural engineers, or as civil engineers, or as both civil and structural engineers.\nAnother international organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering). The aim of that association is to exchange knowledge and to advance the practice of structural engineering worldwide in the service of the profession and society.", "answer": "international", "sentence": "\nAnother international organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering).", "paragraph_sentence": "The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. The complexity of modern structures often requires a great deal of creativity from the engineer in order to ensure the structures support and resist the loads they are subjected to. A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified. Structural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). Depending on the degree course they have studied and/or the jurisdiction they are seeking licensure in, they may be accredited (or licensed) as just structural engineers, or as civil engineers, or as both civil and structural engineers. <hl> Another international organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering). <hl> The aim of that association is to exchange knowledge and to advance the practice of structural engineering worldwide in the service of the profession and society.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. The complexity of modern structures often requires a great deal of creativity from the engineer in order to ensure the structures support and resist the loads they are subjected to. A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified. Structural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). Depending on the degree course they have studied and/or the jurisdiction they are seeking licensure in, they may be accredited (or licensed) as just structural engineers, or as civil engineers, or as both civil and structural engineers. Another <hl> international <hl> organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering). The aim of that association is to exchange knowledge and to advance the practice of structural engineering worldwide in the service of the profession and society.", "sentence_answer": " Another <hl> international <hl> organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering).", "paragraph_id": "5d675d752b22cd4dfcfbf8b4"}
-{"question": "Between what percentage is the salinity of the open Baltic sea?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "answer": "1.0% and 1.5%", "sentence": "Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. <hl> Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between <hl> 1.0% and 1.5% <hl> in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "sentence_answer": "Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between <hl> 1.0% and 1.5% <hl> in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "paragraph_id": "5d661a572b22cd4dfcfbd8c4"}
-{"question": "What is the German word for a medical officer candidate?", "paragraph": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "answer": "Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter", "sentence": "A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates ( Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter )", "paragraph_sentence": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. <hl> A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates ( Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter ) <hl> .", "paragraph_answer": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (<hl> Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter <hl>).", "sentence_answer": "A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates ( <hl> Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65d44a2b22cd4dfcfbce41"}
-{"question": "Which president was a progressive Republican during the 1900 decade before 1932?", "paragraph": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "answer": "Theodore Roosevelt", "sentence": "Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt , Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. <hl> Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt , Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. <hl> Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included <hl> Theodore Roosevelt <hl>, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "sentence_answer": "Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included <hl> Theodore Roosevelt <hl> , Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6755fe2b22cd4dfcfbf777"}
-{"question": "Do all children get all of both their parents' surnames?", "paragraph": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves.  However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "answer": "some bear only the last surnames of the parents", "sentence": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents . <hl> For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves. However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "paragraph_answer": "For the children, <hl> some bear only the last surnames of the parents <hl>. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves. However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "sentence_answer": "For the children, <hl> some bear only the last surnames of the parents <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f08e2b22cd4dfcfbe67c"}
-{"question": "What instruments are in a classical saxophone quartet?", "paragraph": "The classical  saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "answer": "the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone", "sentence": "The classical  saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone . <hl> There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of <hl> the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone <hl>. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of <hl> the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6725f22b22cd4dfcfbf0db"}
-{"question": "How would \"sound\" be defined in first-order logic?", "paragraph": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "answer": "(all provable statements are true in all models", "sentence": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models ) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models ) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). <hl> Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound <hl> (all provable statements are true in all models <hl>) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "sentence_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound <hl> (all provable statements are true in all models <hl> ) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable).", "paragraph_id": "5d66b43f2b22cd4dfcfbe40e"}
-{"question": "Does the practice change after multiple marriages?", "paragraph": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "answer": "people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status", "sentence": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status , theirs or that of their parents, may change.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status , theirs or that of their parents, may change. <hl> However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "paragraph_answer": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so <hl> people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status <hl>, theirs or that of their parents, may change. However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "sentence_answer": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so <hl> people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status <hl> , theirs or that of their parents, may change.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e1b2b22cd4dfcfbf8c4"}
-{"question": "In which state does the violence takes part in?", "paragraph": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "answer": "Manipur", "sentence": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. <hl> There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "paragraph_answer": "The violence in <hl> Manipur <hl> extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "sentence_answer": "The violence in <hl> Manipur <hl> extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups.", "paragraph_id": "5d6837d12b22cd4dfcfc0692"}
-{"question": "What caused the river to flood downtown?", "paragraph": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "answer": "Heavy rainfall", "sentence": "Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. <hl> Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. <hl> An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. <hl> Heavy rainfall <hl> caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Heavy rainfall <hl> caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford.", "paragraph_id": "5d662bee2b22cd4dfcfbda87"}
-{"question": "What culture domesticated the llama?", "paragraph": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "answer": "Inca Empire", "sentence": "Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. <hl> Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. <hl> According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the <hl> Inca Empire <hl> did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "sentence_answer": "Some cultures like the <hl> Inca Empire <hl> did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d1b62b22cd4dfcfc02ac"}
-{"question": "Many Japanese surnames are thought to be derived from what?", "paragraph": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "answer": "geographical features", "sentence": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features ; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features ; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many Japanese surnames derive from <hl> geographical features <hl>; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "sentence_answer": "Many Japanese surnames derive from <hl> geographical features <hl> ; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d673c1b2b22cd4dfcfbf394"}
-{"question": "who led a study in 2011?", "paragraph": "A 2011 study led by Dr. Rebecca T. Brown in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\". The report was published in the Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine.", "answer": "Dr. Rebecca T. Brown", "sentence": "A 2011 study led by Dr. Rebecca T. Brown in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A 2011 study led by Dr. Rebecca T. Brown in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\". <hl> The report was published in the Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine.", "paragraph_answer": "A 2011 study led by <hl> Dr. Rebecca T. Brown <hl> in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\". The report was published in the Journal of Geriatric Internal Medicine.", "sentence_answer": "A 2011 study led by <hl> Dr. Rebecca T. Brown <hl> in Boston, Massachusetts conducted by the Institute for Aging Research (an affiliate of Harvard Medical School), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program found the elderly homeless population had \"higher rates of geriatric syndromes, including functional decline, falls, frailty and depression, than seniors in the general population and that many of these conditions may be easily treated if detected\".", "paragraph_id": "5d666cd72b22cd4dfcfbdea2"}
-{"question": "What does morality concern itself with?", "paragraph": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores. It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong. Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "answer": "personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores", "sentence": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores . <hl> It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong. Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "paragraph_answer": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to <hl> personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores <hl>. It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong. Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "sentence_answer": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to <hl> personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5d82b22cd4dfcfc03dc"}
-{"question": "What imagery did Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army use to attract the partizanka?", "paragraph": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments.  About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka.  After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "answer": "traditional folklore heroines", "sentence": "It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. <hl> It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. <hl> After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "paragraph_answer": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of <hl> traditional folklore heroines <hl> to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "sentence_answer": "It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of <hl> traditional folklore heroines <hl> to attract and legitimize the partizanka.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725882b22cd4dfcfbf0a4"}
-{"question": "In what year did the U.S. establish the National Center for Appropriate Technology?", "paragraph": "\"Appropriate technology\", originally described as \"intermediate technology\" by economist E. F. Schumacher in  Small is Beautiful, is generally recognized as encompassing technologies that are small-scale, decentralized, labor-intensive, energy-efficient, environmentally sound, and locally controlled. It is most commonly discussed as an alternative to transfers of capital-intensive technology from industrialized nations to developing countries. Even developed countries developed appropriate technologies, as did the United States in 1977 when it created the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT), though funding later dropped off. A related concept is \"design for the other 90 percent\" - low-cost solutions for the great majority of the world's low income people.", "answer": "1977", "sentence": "Even developed countries developed appropriate technologies, as did the United States in 1977 when it created the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT), though funding later dropped off.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Appropriate technology\", originally described as \"intermediate technology\" by economist E. F. Schumacher in Small is Beautiful, is generally recognized as encompassing technologies that are small-scale, decentralized, labor-intensive, energy-efficient, environmentally sound, and locally controlled. It is most commonly discussed as an alternative to transfers of capital-intensive technology from industrialized nations to developing countries. <hl> Even developed countries developed appropriate technologies, as did the United States in 1977 when it created the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT), though funding later dropped off. <hl> A related concept is \"design for the other 90 percent\" - low-cost solutions for the great majority of the world's low income people.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Appropriate technology\", originally described as \"intermediate technology\" by economist E. F. Schumacher in Small is Beautiful, is generally recognized as encompassing technologies that are small-scale, decentralized, labor-intensive, energy-efficient, environmentally sound, and locally controlled. It is most commonly discussed as an alternative to transfers of capital-intensive technology from industrialized nations to developing countries. Even developed countries developed appropriate technologies, as did the United States in <hl> 1977 <hl> when it created the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT), though funding later dropped off. A related concept is \"design for the other 90 percent\" - low-cost solutions for the great majority of the world's low income people.", "sentence_answer": "Even developed countries developed appropriate technologies, as did the United States in <hl> 1977 <hl> when it created the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT), though funding later dropped off.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc792b22cd4dfcfbcf9b"}
-{"question": "Who broke from Republican practice by signing bills related to capping carbon emissions?", "paragraph": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "answer": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "sentence": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. <hl> George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2006 then California Governor <hl> Arnold Schwarzenegger <hl> broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "sentence_answer": "In 2006 then California Governor <hl> Arnold Schwarzenegger <hl> broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California.", "paragraph_id": "5d6742e92b22cd4dfcfbf434"}
-{"question": "What kind of sentence elements does Latin produce?", "paragraph": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "answer": "compact sentence elements", "sentence": "This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements .", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. <hl> This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements . <hl> For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "paragraph_answer": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very <hl> compact sentence elements <hl>. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "sentence_answer": "This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very <hl> compact sentence elements <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3422b22cd4dfcfbd3a3"}
-{"question": "What is the name for collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain?", "paragraph": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2).  The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers.  Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "answer": "function spaces", "sentence": " Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces , the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "paragraph_sentence": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2). The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers. <hl> Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces , the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2). The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers. Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called <hl> function spaces <hl>, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "sentence_answer": " Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called <hl> function spaces <hl> , the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684b72b22cd4dfcfbe184"}
-{"question": "What Croatian group harassed the Serbian people?", "paragraph": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "answer": "Usta\u0161e", "sentence": "Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "paragraph_sentence": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. <hl> Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian <hl> Usta\u0161e <hl> on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "sentence_answer": "Attacks from Croatian <hl> Usta\u0161e <hl> on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fce42b22cd4dfcfbe943"}
-{"question": "Madison Square Garden replaced which station?", "paragraph": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "answer": "Penn Station", "sentence": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. <hl> Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old <hl> Penn Station <hl> and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old <hl> Penn Station <hl> and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725a32b22cd4dfcfbf0b4"}
-{"question": "Who appointed a state commissioner of insurance first, New Hampshire or New York?", "paragraph": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792. Massachusetts enacted the first state law requiring insurance companies to maintain adequate reserves in 1837. Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851. In 1869, the State of New York appointed its own commissioner of insurance and created a state insurance department to move towards more comprehensive regulation of insurance at the state level.", "answer": "New Hampshire", "sentence": "Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792. Massachusetts enacted the first state law requiring insurance companies to maintain adequate reserves in 1837. <hl> Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851. <hl> In 1869, the State of New York appointed its own commissioner of insurance and created a state insurance department to move towards more comprehensive regulation of insurance at the state level.", "paragraph_answer": "The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792. Massachusetts enacted the first state law requiring insurance companies to maintain adequate reserves in 1837. Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in <hl> New Hampshire <hl> in 1851. In 1869, the State of New York appointed its own commissioner of insurance and created a state insurance department to move towards more comprehensive regulation of insurance at the state level.", "sentence_answer": "Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in <hl> New Hampshire <hl> in 1851.", "paragraph_id": "5d65edce2b22cd4dfcfbd2fc"}
-{"question": "What type of award does UCIS give out?", "paragraph": "The University Center for International Studies (UCIS) coordinates international education curricula, centers on topical specializations in international studies, and the centers for area studies, including the National Resource Centers, among existing faculty and departments throughout the university. It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (undergraduate & graduate). UCIS also operates the Study Abroad Office, Nationality Rooms and Intercultural Exchange Programs.", "answer": "certificates of attainment", "sentence": "It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (undergraduate & graduate).", "paragraph_sentence": "The University Center for International Studies (UCIS) coordinates international education curricula, centers on topical specializations in international studies, and the centers for area studies, including the National Resource Centers, among existing faculty and departments throughout the university. <hl> It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (undergraduate & graduate). <hl> UCIS also operates the Study Abroad Office, Nationality Rooms and Intercultural Exchange Programs.", "paragraph_answer": "The University Center for International Studies (UCIS) coordinates international education curricula, centers on topical specializations in international studies, and the centers for area studies, including the National Resource Centers, among existing faculty and departments throughout the university. It does not confer degrees, but awards <hl> certificates of attainment <hl> to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (undergraduate & graduate). UCIS also operates the Study Abroad Office, Nationality Rooms and Intercultural Exchange Programs.", "sentence_answer": "It does not confer degrees, but awards <hl> certificates of attainment <hl> to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (undergraduate & graduate).", "paragraph_id": "5d67c72b2b22cd4dfcfc01ea"}
-{"question": "What is the only optional piece of safety equipment?", "paragraph": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector.", "answer": "neck protector", "sentence": "This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector .", "paragraph_sentence": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. <hl> This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a <hl> neck protector <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a <hl> neck protector <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675d2f2b22cd4dfcfbf8a3"}
-{"question": "What contain long-chain fatty acids?", "paragraph": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "answer": "phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids", "sentence": "In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). <hl> In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. <hl> Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as <hl> phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids <hl> are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "sentence_answer": "In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as <hl> phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids <hl> are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fe12b22cd4dfcfbf65e"}
-{"question": "In what year was Windows 10 released?", "paragraph": "On September 30, 2014, Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8.1. It was released on July 29, 2015, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode. Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1 and Windows 8.1 computers from the Get Windows 10 Application (for Windows 7, Windows 8.1) or Windows Update (Windows 7).", "answer": "2015", "sentence": "It was released on July 29, 2015 ,", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 30, 2014, Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8.1. <hl> It was released on July 29, 2015 , <hl> and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode. Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1 and Windows 8.1 computers from the Get Windows 10 Application (for Windows 7, Windows 8.1) or Windows Update (Windows 7).", "paragraph_answer": "On September 30, 2014, Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8.1. It was released on July 29, <hl> 2015 <hl>, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode. Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1 and Windows 8.1 computers from the Get Windows 10 Application (for Windows 7, Windows 8.1) or Windows Update (Windows 7).", "sentence_answer": "It was released on July 29, <hl> 2015 <hl> ,", "paragraph_id": "5d6715df2b22cd4dfcfbeebc"}
-{"question": "What vital periodical first announced that gold was discovered?", "paragraph": "On August 19, 1848, the New York Herald was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold. On December 5, 1848, President James Polk confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\". Miners lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships. Wherever gold was discovered, hundreds of miners would collaborate to put up a camp and stake their claims.", "answer": "New York Herald", "sentence": "On August 19, 1848, the New York Herald was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On August 19, 1848, the New York Herald was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold. <hl> On December 5, 1848, President James Polk confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\". Miners lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships. Wherever gold was discovered, hundreds of miners would collaborate to put up a camp and stake their claims.", "paragraph_answer": "On August 19, 1848, the <hl> New York Herald <hl> was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold. On December 5, 1848, President James Polk confirmed the discovery of gold in an address to Congress.:80 Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later called the \"forty-niners\", invaded the Gold Country of California or \"Mother Lode\". Miners lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships. Wherever gold was discovered, hundreds of miners would collaborate to put up a camp and stake their claims.", "sentence_answer": "On August 19, 1848, the <hl> New York Herald <hl> was the first major newspaper on the East Coast to report the discovery of gold.", "paragraph_id": "5d670c1e2b22cd4dfcfbec0a"}
-{"question": "What proportion of slaves died in the Middle Passage?", "paragraph": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "answer": "12.5%", "sentence": "Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5% .", "paragraph_sentence": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. <hl> Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5% . <hl> Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "paragraph_answer": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at <hl> 12.5% <hl>. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "sentence_answer": "Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at <hl> 12.5% <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8cf2b22cd4dfcfbceec"}
-{"question": "When did saxophones become common in dance orchestras?", "paragraph": "The saxophone is also commonly used in jazz music, where the saxophone is one of the signature sounds. Beginning in the early 20th century, the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow. The arrival of the saxophone as a jazz instrument is attributed to tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins' stint with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra starting in 1923.  The saxophone was soon embraced by Chicago style musicians who added it, along with chordal instruments such as a piano, banjo, or guitar, to the trumpet-clarinet-trombone-bass-drums ensemble format inherited from New Orleans jazz.  The Duke Ellington Orchestra of the late 1920s featured saxophone-based ensemble sounds and solos by saxophonists Otto Hardwick, Johnny Hodges, and Harry Carney.  The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns.  The influence of tenor saxophonist Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the tremendous popularity of Coleman Hawkins' 1939 recording of Body and Soul marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to that of the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans.  But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians.  The small group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles, typically with one to three lead instruments(usually including a saxophone), a chordal instrument, bass, and drums, gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians emphasized extended exploration utilizing the new harmonic and melodic freedoms that bebop provided, thanks to Charlie Parker and a few other pioneers such as Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell.", "answer": "the early 20th century", "sentence": "Beginning in the early 20th century , the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone is also commonly used in jazz music, where the saxophone is one of the signature sounds. <hl> Beginning in the early 20th century , the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow. <hl> The arrival of the saxophone as a jazz instrument is attributed to tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins' stint with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra starting in 1923. The saxophone was soon embraced by Chicago style musicians who added it, along with chordal instruments such as a piano, banjo, or guitar, to the trumpet-clarinet-trombone-bass-drums ensemble format inherited from New Orleans jazz. The Duke Ellington Orchestra of the late 1920s featured saxophone-based ensemble sounds and solos by saxophonists Otto Hardwick, Johnny Hodges, and Harry Carney. The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns. The influence of tenor saxophonist Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the tremendous popularity of Coleman Hawkins' 1939 recording of Body and Soul marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to that of the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans. But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. The small group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles, typically with one to three lead instruments(usually including a saxophone), a chordal instrument, bass, and drums, gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians emphasized extended exploration utilizing the new harmonic and melodic freedoms that bebop provided, thanks to Charlie Parker and a few other pioneers such as Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone is also commonly used in jazz music, where the saxophone is one of the signature sounds. Beginning in <hl> the early 20th century <hl>, the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow. The arrival of the saxophone as a jazz instrument is attributed to tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins' stint with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra starting in 1923. The saxophone was soon embraced by Chicago style musicians who added it, along with chordal instruments such as a piano, banjo, or guitar, to the trumpet-clarinet-trombone-bass-drums ensemble format inherited from New Orleans jazz. The Duke Ellington Orchestra of the late 1920s featured saxophone-based ensemble sounds and solos by saxophonists Otto Hardwick, Johnny Hodges, and Harry Carney. The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns. The influence of tenor saxophonist Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the tremendous popularity of Coleman Hawkins' 1939 recording of Body and Soul marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to that of the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans. But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. The small group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles, typically with one to three lead instruments(usually including a saxophone), a chordal instrument, bass, and drums, gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians emphasized extended exploration utilizing the new harmonic and melodic freedoms that bebop provided, thanks to Charlie Parker and a few other pioneers such as Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell.", "sentence_answer": "Beginning in <hl> the early 20th century <hl> , the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow.", "paragraph_id": "5d672bda2b22cd4dfcfbf18c"}
-{"question": "Which order logic is the strongest one that can be held by compactness theorem?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "first-order", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. <hl> In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order <hl> theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order <hl> theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e16d2b22cd4dfcfbe4f2"}
-{"question": "Why is liberalism more valuable in areas on a coast?", "paragraph": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where the cultural mix is greater, thus requiring more liberalism.", "answer": "the cultural mix is greater", "sentence": "where the cultural mix is greater , thus requiring more liberalism.", "paragraph_sentence": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, <hl> where the cultural mix is greater , thus requiring more liberalism. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where <hl> the cultural mix is greater <hl>, thus requiring more liberalism.", "sentence_answer": "where <hl> the cultural mix is greater <hl> , thus requiring more liberalism.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8562b22cd4dfcfbe868"}
-{"question": "What will often be indicated by the first name of his or her father or mother in regards to that person as a child?", "paragraph": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "answer": "A person's last name", "sentence": "A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. <hl> A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). <hl> Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_answer": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. <hl> A person's last name <hl> indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A person's last name <hl> indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic).", "paragraph_id": "5d6738e02b22cd4dfcfbf2e5"}
-{"question": "Which exam must be completed to obtain the LMCC qualifications?", "paragraph": "In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. McGill University Faculty of Medicine is the only medical school in Canada that continues to award the MD, CM degrees (abbreviated MDCM). MDCM is from the Latin \"Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum\" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\". Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "answer": "Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination", "sentence": "Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. McGill University Faculty of Medicine is the only medical school in Canada that continues to award the MD, CM degrees (abbreviated MDCM). MDCM is from the Latin \"Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum\" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\". Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. <hl> Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. McGill University Faculty of Medicine is the only medical school in Canada that continues to award the MD, CM degrees (abbreviated MDCM). MDCM is from the Latin \"Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum\" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\". Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the <hl> Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination <hl> to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "sentence_answer": "Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the <hl> Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination <hl> to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "paragraph_id": "5d65edaa2b22cd4dfcfbd2f1"}
-{"question": "What year did Alonzo Church establish that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid?", "paragraph": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "answer": "1936", "sentence": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. <hl> This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. <hl> Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in <hl> 1936 <hl> and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "sentence_answer": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in <hl> 1936 <hl> and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674562b22cd4dfcfbdf9b"}
-{"question": "In what year was The Stannus Street Rink built?", "paragraph": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "answer": "1897", "sentence": "The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897 ) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. <hl> The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897 ) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. <hl> The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "paragraph_answer": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in <hl> 1897 <hl>) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "sentence_answer": "The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in <hl> 1897 <hl> ) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b842b22cd4dfcfbde7f"}
-{"question": "In what month in 1863 did one of the worst civil disorder events in American history take place?", "paragraph": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "answer": "July", "sentence": "The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863.", "paragraph_sentence": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. <hl> The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. <hl> These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "paragraph_answer": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of <hl> July <hl> 1863. These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "sentence_answer": "The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of <hl> July <hl> 1863.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703622b22cd4dfcfbea66"}
-{"question": "New Sweden was founded in what year?", "paragraph": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "answer": "1638", "sentence": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. <hl> The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "paragraph_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from <hl> 1638 <hl> to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "sentence_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from <hl> 1638 <hl> to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5f02b22cd4dfcfbd1c3"}
-{"question": "squalene is folded up and formed into a set of rings to create what?", "paragraph": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "answer": "lanosterol", "sentence": "Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol .", "paragraph_sentence": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. <hl> Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol . <hl> Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "paragraph_answer": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make <hl> lanosterol <hl>. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "sentence_answer": "Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make <hl> lanosterol <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d68036a2b22cd4dfcfc0503"}
-{"question": "What are the two chambers of the bicameral legislature?", "paragraph": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "answer": "the Senate and House of Representatives", "sentence": "That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. <hl> That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. <hl> This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "paragraph_answer": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between <hl> the Senate and House of Representatives <hl> reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "sentence_answer": "That degree of equality between <hl> the Senate and House of Representatives <hl> reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d2da2b22cd4dfcfbce1c"}
-{"question": "For the example given, what four shapes does X consist of?", "paragraph": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow. Linking each shape to its color is a function from X to Y: each shape is linked to a color (i.e., an element in Y), and each shape is \"linked\", or \"mapped\", to exactly one color.  There is no shape that lacks a color and no shape that has two or more colors.  This function will be referred to as the \"color-of-the-shape function\".", "answer": "a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square", "sentence": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square ; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square ; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow. <hl> Linking each shape to its color is a function from X to Y: each shape is linked to a color (i.e., an element in Y), and each shape is \"linked\", or \"mapped\", to exactly one color. There is no shape that lacks a color and no shape that has two or more colors. This function will be referred to as the \"color-of-the-shape function\".", "paragraph_answer": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: <hl> a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square <hl>; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow. Linking each shape to its color is a function from X to Y: each shape is linked to a color (i.e., an element in Y), and each shape is \"linked\", or \"mapped\", to exactly one color. There is no shape that lacks a color and no shape that has two or more colors. This function will be referred to as the \"color-of-the-shape function\".", "sentence_answer": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: <hl> a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square <hl> ; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow.", "paragraph_id": "5d6685c32b22cd4dfcfbe19c"}
-{"question": "A replacement senator must come from which political party?", "paragraph": "Section 15 of the Constitution provides that a casual vacancy of a State senator shall be filled by the State Parliament. If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from the same party, but the State Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case Section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless. If the State Parliament happens to be in recess when the vacancy occurs, the Constitution provides that the State Governor can appoint someone to fill the place until fourteen days after the State Parliament resumes sitting.", "answer": "the same party", "sentence": "If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from the same party , but the State Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case Section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless.", "paragraph_sentence": "Section 15 of the Constitution provides that a casual vacancy of a State senator shall be filled by the State Parliament. <hl> If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from the same party , but the State Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case Section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless. <hl> If the State Parliament happens to be in recess when the vacancy occurs, the Constitution provides that the State Governor can appoint someone to fill the place until fourteen days after the State Parliament resumes sitting.", "paragraph_answer": "Section 15 of the Constitution provides that a casual vacancy of a State senator shall be filled by the State Parliament. If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from <hl> the same party <hl>, but the State Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case Section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless. If the State Parliament happens to be in recess when the vacancy occurs, the Constitution provides that the State Governor can appoint someone to fill the place until fourteen days after the State Parliament resumes sitting.", "sentence_answer": "If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from <hl> the same party <hl> , but the State Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case Section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless.", "paragraph_id": "5d66d6732b22cd4dfcfbe4b3"}
-{"question": "What did Francis Hopkinson ask for as payment for designing the U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "answer": "Quarter Cask of the Public Wine", "sentence": "In this letter, he asked for a \" Quarter Cask of the Public Wine \" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices.", "paragraph_sentence": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. <hl> In this letter, he asked for a \" Quarter Cask of the Public Wine \" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. <hl> However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "paragraph_answer": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"<hl> Quarter Cask of the Public Wine <hl>\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "sentence_answer": "In this letter, he asked for a \" <hl> Quarter Cask of the Public Wine <hl> \" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663ef2b22cd4dfcfbdd84"}
-{"question": "What country shared Slovenia's experience of being trisected in WWII?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "Greece", "sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. <hl> As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only <hl> Greece <hl> shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "sentence_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only <hl> Greece <hl> shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725b02b22cd4dfcfbf0be"}
-{"question": "In what language are the paternal and maternal surnames are combined using i?", "paragraph": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "answer": "Catalan", "sentence": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in <hl> Catalan <hl>), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "sentence_answer": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in <hl> Catalan <hl> ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cd82b22cd4dfcfbf1a8"}
-{"question": "What year was Feyenoord in Rotterdam founded?", "paragraph": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "answer": "1908", "sentence": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. <hl> It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "paragraph_answer": "Feyenoord, founded in <hl> 1908 <hl> and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "sentence_answer": "Feyenoord, founded in <hl> 1908 <hl> and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cfd2b22cd4dfcfbf1ae"}
-{"question": "In what areas was slavery generally confined to people belonging to a minority ethnicity or faith group?", "paragraph": "Forms of slavery varied both in Africa and in the New World. In general, slavery in Africa was not heritable \u2013 that is, the children of slaves were free \u2013 while in the Americas, children of slave mothers were considered born into slavery. This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "answer": "European colonies", "sentence": "This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies , although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "paragraph_sentence": "Forms of slavery varied both in Africa and in the New World. In general, slavery in Africa was not heritable \u2013 that is, the children of slaves were free \u2013 while in the Americas, children of slave mothers were considered born into slavery. <hl> This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in European colonies , although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Forms of slavery varied both in Africa and in the New World. In general, slavery in Africa was not heritable \u2013 that is, the children of slaves were free \u2013 while in the Americas, children of slave mothers were considered born into slavery. This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in <hl> European colonies <hl>, although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "sentence_answer": "This was connected to another distinction: slavery in West Africa was not reserved for racial or religious minorities, as it was in <hl> European colonies <hl> , although the case was otherwise in places such as Somalia, where Bantus were taken as slaves for the ethnic Somalis.", "paragraph_id": "5d66453d2b22cd4dfcfbdbc9"}
-{"question": "When did the North Western Railway initially open?", "paragraph": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "answer": "1851", "sentence": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851 , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851 , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. <hl> The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in <hl> 1851 <hl>, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "sentence_answer": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in <hl> 1851 <hl> , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738722b22cd4dfcfbf2dd"}
-{"question": "Why were pyramids built rather than other shapes?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "answer": "a pyramid is inherently stable", "sentence": "Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. <hl> Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of <hl> a pyramid is inherently stable <hl> and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "sentence_answer": "Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of <hl> a pyramid is inherently stable <hl> and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6b2b22cd4dfcfbf8cd"}
-{"question": "What is one type of legal expressions?", "paragraph": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal.  There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "answer": "terms", "sentence": " There are two key types of legal expressions: terms , which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal. <hl> There are two key types of legal expressions: terms , which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. <hl> The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal. There are two key types of legal expressions: <hl> terms <hl>, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "sentence_answer": " There are two key types of legal expressions: <hl> terms <hl> , which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6b42b22cd4dfcfbccb2"}
-{"question": "What was the monthly magazine called?", "paragraph": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "answer": "The Sunday Times Travel Magazine", "sentence": "The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_sentence": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. <hl> The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of <hl> The Sunday Times Travel Magazine <hl> was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "sentence_answer": "The first issue of <hl> The Sunday Times Travel Magazine <hl> was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e9a2b22cd4dfcfbf5f7"}
-{"question": "Can eutectic systems occur?", "paragraph": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "answer": "Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "sentence": "Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "paragraph_sentence": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. <hl> Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. <hl> Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee112b22cd4dfcfbe597"}
-{"question": "What is the Weintraub Day Center?", "paragraph": "In October 2009, as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons. It is a multi-service center, providing shelter, counseling, health care, housing assistance, and other support services. It is a 3,400-square-foot (320 m2) facility located in the Woods Mullen Shelter. It is also meant to reduce the strain on the city's hospital emergency rooms by providing services and identifying health problems before they escalate into emergencies. It was funded by $3 million in grants from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD), the Massachusetts Medical Society and Alliance Charitable Foundation, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).", "answer": "the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons", "sentence": "In October 2009, as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In October 2009, as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons . <hl> It is a multi-service center, providing shelter, counseling, health care, housing assistance, and other support services. It is a 3,400-square-foot (320 m2) facility located in the Woods Mullen Shelter. It is also meant to reduce the strain on the city's hospital emergency rooms by providing services and identifying health problems before they escalate into emergencies. It was funded by $3 million in grants from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD), the Massachusetts Medical Society and Alliance Charitable Foundation, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).", "paragraph_answer": "In October 2009, as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is <hl> the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons <hl>. It is a multi-service center, providing shelter, counseling, health care, housing assistance, and other support services. It is a 3,400-square-foot (320 m2) facility located in the Woods Mullen Shelter. It is also meant to reduce the strain on the city's hospital emergency rooms by providing services and identifying health problems before they escalate into emergencies. It was funded by $3 million in grants from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD), the Massachusetts Medical Society and Alliance Charitable Foundation, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).", "sentence_answer": "In October 2009, as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is <hl> the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6660b02b22cd4dfcfbdd0c"}
-{"question": "Where is the home of two world's largest stock exchange?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "answer": "Manhattan", "sentence": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. <hl> Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Manhattan <hl> is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Manhattan <hl> is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca502b22cd4dfcfc023a"}
-{"question": "In what part of the country do most republican conservatives reside?", "paragraph": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "answer": "South, Mountain West and Midwest", "sentence": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest , where they draw support from social conservatives.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest , where they draw support from social conservatives. <hl> The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "paragraph_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the <hl> South, Mountain West and Midwest <hl>, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "sentence_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the <hl> South, Mountain West and Midwest <hl> , where they draw support from social conservatives.", "paragraph_id": "5d6743c62b22cd4dfcfbf45c"}
-{"question": "Proving the first-order logic has made much progress made in what theorem?", "paragraph": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "answer": "automated theorem", "sentence": "Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). <hl> Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. <hl> First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in <hl> automated theorem <hl> proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "sentence_answer": "Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in <hl> automated theorem <hl> proving in first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66addc2b22cd4dfcfbe3de"}
-{"question": "Resources were thrown away when what happened?", "paragraph": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "answer": "memory became scarce", "sentence": "Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "paragraph_sentence": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. <hl> Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when <hl> memory became scarce <hl>; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "sentence_answer": "Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when <hl> memory became scarce <hl> ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef4a2b22cd4dfcfbe5ee"}
-{"question": "How many people from overseas have certified for National Insurance Numbers?", "paragraph": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "answer": "10,000", "sentence": "These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "paragraph_sentence": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). <hl> These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than <hl> 10,000 <hl> people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "sentence_answer": "These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than <hl> 10,000 <hl> people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "paragraph_id": "5d6763c02b22cd4dfcfbf99e"}
-{"question": "Why are managers motivated through decentralization?", "paragraph": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "answer": "by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity", "sentence": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity ; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity ; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated <hl> by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity <hl>; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "sentence_answer": "Firms may prefer decentralization because it ensures efficiency by making sure that managers closest to the local information make decisions and in a more timely fashion; that their taking responsibility frees upper management for long term strategics rather than day-to-day decision-making; that managers have hands on training to prepare them to move up the management hierarchy; that managers are motivated <hl> by having the freedom to exercise their own initiative and creativity <hl> ; that managers and divisions are encouraged to prove that they are profitable, instead of allowing their failures to be masked by the overall profitability of the company.", "paragraph_id": "5d660a6b2b22cd4dfcfbd6a5"}
-{"question": "When did Stalin enact harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry?", "paragraph": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "answer": "In 1929", "sentence": "In 1929 , Stalin seized control of the Party.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1929 , Stalin seized control of the Party. <hl> Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> In 1929 <hl>, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1929 <hl> , Stalin seized control of the Party.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ead2b22cd4dfcfbf8f0"}
-{"question": "When was World War I started?", "paragraph": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "answer": "1914", "sentence": "At the outset of World War I in 1914 , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the outset of World War I in 1914 , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. <hl> Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "paragraph_answer": "At the outset of World War I in <hl> 1914 <hl>, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "sentence_answer": "At the outset of World War I in <hl> 1914 <hl> , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments.", "paragraph_id": "5d6814242b22cd4dfcfc0566"}
-{"question": "Between what streets does the bedrock base sink further down before rising again near Lower Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "answer": "between 29th Street and Canal Street", "sentence": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. <hl> It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "paragraph_answer": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower <hl> between 29th Street and Canal Street <hl>, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "sentence_answer": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower <hl> between 29th Street and Canal Street <hl> , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan.", "paragraph_id": "5d672b382b22cd4dfcfbf17d"}
-{"question": "What group has flag retirement ceremonies?", "paragraph": "The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning. The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. (The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.)", "answer": "American Legion", "sentence": "The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning. <hl> The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. <hl> (The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.)", "paragraph_answer": "The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning. The <hl> American Legion <hl> and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. (The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.)", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> American Legion <hl> and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1e22b22cd4dfcfbcbb8"}
-{"question": "Who did people turn to when they were sick?", "paragraph": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon  the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "answer": "local healers", "sentence": "Most sick people turn to local healers , and used folk remedies.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. <hl> Most sick people turn to local healers , and used folk remedies. <hl> Others relied upon the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "paragraph_answer": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to <hl> local healers <hl>, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "sentence_answer": "Most sick people turn to <hl> local healers <hl> , and used folk remedies.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773ba2b22cd4dfcfbfc66"}
-{"question": "The new plant enabled journalists to do what?", "paragraph": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed.  The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "answer": "input copy directly", "sentence": " The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU).", "paragraph_sentence": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed. <hl> The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). <hl> The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "paragraph_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed. The plant, which allowed journalists to <hl> input copy directly <hl>, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "sentence_answer": " The plant, which allowed journalists to <hl> input copy directly <hl> , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU).", "paragraph_id": "5d671aeb2b22cd4dfcfbef66"}
-{"question": "What does cellular neuroscience focus on?", "paragraph": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "answer": "mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically", "sentence": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically . <hl> These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "paragraph_answer": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the <hl> mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically <hl>. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "sentence_answer": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the <hl> mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b34f2b22cd4dfcfbffce"}
-{"question": "The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission started in what year?", "paragraph": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "answer": "1965", "sentence": "The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. <hl> The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". <hl> The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in <hl> 1965 <hl> of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in <hl> 1965 <hl> of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6725a32b22cd4dfcfbf0b8"}
-{"question": "What are some saxophones recently offered with?", "paragraph": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.  Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "answer": "abalone or stone keytouches", "sentence": " Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches .", "paragraph_sentence": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. <hl> Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. Recently, some saxophones are offered with <hl> abalone or stone keytouches <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " Recently, some saxophones are offered with <hl> abalone or stone keytouches <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6767b52b22cd4dfcfbfa1e"}
-{"question": "What is the cause for the change of the human brain over time?", "paragraph": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "answer": "the plasticity", "sentence": "Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life.", "paragraph_sentence": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. <hl> Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. <hl> Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "paragraph_answer": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to <hl> the plasticity <hl> of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "sentence_answer": "Due to <hl> the plasticity <hl> of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710e72b22cd4dfcfbed26"}
-{"question": "What is the first country listed?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "answer": "Canada", "sentence": "In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. <hl> In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. <hl> While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, <hl> Canada <hl> had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "sentence_answer": "In 2011, <hl> Canada <hl> had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172.", "paragraph_id": "5d668fb42b22cd4dfcfbe262"}
-{"question": "How many isotopes does Tin have?", "paragraph": "Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. It is a silvery, malleable other metal that is not easily oxidized in air, obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite where it occurs as tin dioxide, SnO2.", "answer": "10 stable isotopes", "sentence": "Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes , the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. <hl> Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes , the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. <hl> It is a silvery, malleable other metal that is not easily oxidized in air, obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite where it occurs as tin dioxide, SnO2.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with <hl> 10 stable isotopes <hl>, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. It is a silvery, malleable other metal that is not easily oxidized in air, obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite where it occurs as tin dioxide, SnO2.", "sentence_answer": "Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with <hl> 10 stable isotopes <hl> , the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eac72b22cd4dfcfbe532"}
-{"question": "Besides the Europeans, what group of people had a special name for the walled peninsula?", "paragraph": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "answer": "Turks", "sentence": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks . <hl> Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "paragraph_answer": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or <hl> Turks <hl>. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "sentence_answer": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or <hl> Turks <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2192b22cd4dfcfbcbc1"}
-{"question": "What is another way to abbreviate the word internationalization?", "paragraph": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "answer": "i18n", "sentence": "For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use.", "paragraph_sentence": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. <hl> For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. <hl> The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "paragraph_answer": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, <hl> i18n <hl> abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> i18n <hl> abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a5d02b22cd4dfcfbcab4"}
-{"question": "How large is the Alexandria Center for Life Science?", "paragraph": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "answer": "more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)*", "sentence": "By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions.", "paragraph_sentence": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. <hl> By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. <hl> The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "paragraph_answer": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses <hl> more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* <hl> on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "sentence_answer": "By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses <hl> more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* <hl> on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions.", "paragraph_id": "5d68485e2b22cd4dfcfc06bc"}
-{"question": "What was launched in 1993 on a small scale?", "paragraph": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "answer": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times", "sentence": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). <hl> It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times <hl> was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times <hl> was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor).", "paragraph_id": "5d674d7b2b22cd4dfcfbf5ad"}
-{"question": "How many women have been in usa minor league hockey?", "paragraph": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "answer": "Several", "sentence": "Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "paragraph_sentence": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. <hl> Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. <hl> Several <hl> women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Several <hl> women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "paragraph_id": "5d66928b2b22cd4dfcfbe2c8"}
-{"question": "Marxism-Leninism supports what?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "answer": "universal social welfare", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare . <hl> Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports <hl> universal social welfare <hl>. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "sentence_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports <hl> universal social welfare <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711732b22cd4dfcfbed62"}
-{"question": "What are citizens who argue for lower taxes and reduced regulation called?", "paragraph": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "answer": "conservatives", "sentence": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. <hl> Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and <hl> conservatives <hl> arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "sentence_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and <hl> conservatives <hl> arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707c42b22cd4dfcfbeb41"}
-{"question": "In which place medical students conduct their clinical training?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "answer": "hospitals", "sentence": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals . <hl> At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in <hl> hospitals <hl>. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "sentence_answer": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in <hl> hospitals <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc202b22cd4dfcfbcf60"}
-{"question": "What is the name of the islands the trust territory was partially divided into?", "paragraph": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "answer": "Northern Mariana Islands", "sentence": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. <hl> The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the <hl> Northern Mariana Islands <hl>, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "sentence_answer": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the <hl> Northern Mariana Islands <hl> , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_id": "5d6771862b22cd4dfcfbfbee"}
-{"question": "Where is the Isle of Lewis located?", "paragraph": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "answer": "Scotland", "sentence": "This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland , many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). <hl> This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland , many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in <hl> Scotland <hl>, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in <hl> Scotland <hl> , many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6703f72b22cd4dfcfbea89"}
-{"question": "What Pitt alumni won a Nobel Prize for his work in magnetic resonance imaging?", "paragraph": "Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the \"father of television\". National Medal of Science winners include Bert W. O'Malley '59 & '63, a pioneer in steroid hormones, and Herbert Boyer '63, Genentech founder and biotech pioneer; while Leonard Baker '52 and Michael Chabon '84 have won the Pulitzer Prize. Other notable people include Ken Wahlster, founder and CEO of BikeBandit.", "answer": "Paul Lauterbur", "sentence": "Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. <hl> Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the \"father of television\". National Medal of Science winners include Bert W. O'Malley '59 & '63, a pioneer in steroid hormones, and Herbert Boyer '63, Genentech founder and biotech pioneer; while Leonard Baker '52 and Michael Chabon '84 have won the Pulitzer Prize. Other notable people include Ken Wahlster, founder and CEO of BikeBandit.", "paragraph_answer": "Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: <hl> Paul Lauterbur <hl> '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the \"father of television\". National Medal of Science winners include Bert W. O'Malley '59 & '63, a pioneer in steroid hormones, and Herbert Boyer '63, Genentech founder and biotech pioneer; while Leonard Baker '52 and Michael Chabon '84 have won the Pulitzer Prize. Other notable people include Ken Wahlster, founder and CEO of BikeBandit.", "sentence_answer": "Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: <hl> Paul Lauterbur <hl> '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8c12b22cd4dfcfbe899"}
-{"question": "Ghettotech was recently created in what country?", "paragraph": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "answer": "the United States", "sentence": "Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_sentence": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. <hl> Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in <hl> the United States <hl> is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "sentence_answer": "Recently created in <hl> the United States <hl> is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604892b22cd4dfcfbd5b9"}
-{"question": "In New York, where is the Five Points neighborhood located?", "paragraph": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "answer": "between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall", "sentence": "After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall .", "paragraph_sentence": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. <hl> After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall . <hl> By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "paragraph_answer": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area <hl> between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall <hl>. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "sentence_answer": "After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area <hl> between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6713be2b22cd4dfcfbee2d"}
-{"question": "What group is least likely to support government interceding on high unemployment?", "paragraph": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "answer": "The affluent", "sentence": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. <hl> Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The affluent <hl> are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The affluent <hl> are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd342b22cd4dfcfbe95c"}
-{"question": "During what war did conflict erupted between the East and West in Asia?", "paragraph": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "answer": "Vietnam War", "sentence": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War . <hl> French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "paragraph_answer": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the <hl> Vietnam War <hl>. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "sentence_answer": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the <hl> Vietnam War <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b6f32b22cd4dfcfbfffb"}
-{"question": "What type of network is the internet?", "paragraph": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "answer": "No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.", "sentence": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \" No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. \" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \" No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. \" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. <hl> Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"<hl> No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. <hl>\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "sentence_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \" <hl> No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. <hl> \" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8ab2b22cd4dfcfbcee2"}
-{"question": "How much content per week does it have?", "paragraph": "An iPad edition was launched in December 2010, and an Android version in August 2011. Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform, allowing automated downloading of the news section. With over 500MB of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "answer": "500MB", "sentence": "With over 500MB of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "An iPad edition was launched in December 2010, and an Android version in August 2011. Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform, allowing automated downloading of the news section. <hl> With over 500MB of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "An iPad edition was launched in December 2010, and an Android version in August 2011. Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform, allowing automated downloading of the news section. With over <hl> 500MB <hl> of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "sentence_answer": "With over <hl> 500MB <hl> of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748f12b22cd4dfcfbf4f7"}
-{"question": "Cycling involves moving the puck along the board in which zone?", "paragraph": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "answer": "offensive", "sentence": "Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. <hl> Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the <hl> offensive <hl> zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "sentence_answer": "Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the <hl> offensive <hl> zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d97d2b22cd4dfcfbcefe"}
-{"question": "What two suspensions are not actually precipitation?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "fog and mist", "sentence": " Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". <hl> Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. <hl> Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, <hl> fog and mist <hl> are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": " Thus, <hl> fog and mist <hl> are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.", "paragraph_id": "5d676fc62b22cd4dfcfbfb9e"}
-{"question": "The Americans who advocate for more government spending are called?", "paragraph": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "answer": "liberals", "sentence": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. <hl> Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with <hl> liberals <hl> arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "sentence_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with <hl> liberals <hl> arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707c42b22cd4dfcfbeb40"}
-{"question": "What did John Thorton believe in contrast to other historians?", "paragraph": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "answer": "that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade", "sentence": "However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade , wrote:", "paragraph_sentence": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". <hl> However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade , wrote: <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion <hl> that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade <hl>, wrote:", "sentence_answer": "However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion <hl> that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade <hl> , wrote:", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1902b22cd4dfcfbd373"}
-{"question": "What Eastern Asian cultural spheres place their surnames first?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China", "sentence": "This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China .", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. <hl> This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including <hl> Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including <hl> Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1112b22cd4dfcfc0463"}
-{"question": "Latin legal principals have stood the test of time in what form?", "paragraph": "Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion, those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as Galen, established that today's medical terminology would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of legal Latin terms.", "answer": "legal Latin terms", "sentence": "Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of legal Latin terms .", "paragraph_sentence": "Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion, those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as Galen, established that today's medical terminology would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. <hl> Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of legal Latin terms . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion, those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as Galen, established that today's medical terminology would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of <hl> legal Latin terms <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of <hl> legal Latin terms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66269a2b22cd4dfcfbda1e"}
-{"question": "what form does most of the fat in food take on?", "paragraph": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "answer": "triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids", "sentence": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids . <hl> Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of <hl> triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids <hl>. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of <hl> triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6805cf2b22cd4dfcfc0512"}
-{"question": "Besides Bachelor degrees in arts and science, what other type of Bachelor degree can someone earn?", "paragraph": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "answer": "Bachelor of Philosophy", "sentence": "Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy .", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. <hl> Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy . <hl> Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and <hl> Bachelor of Philosophy <hl>. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "sentence_answer": "Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and <hl> Bachelor of Philosophy <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c58a2b22cd4dfcfc01a0"}
-{"question": "How many towns are in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "answer": "169", "sentence": "The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. <hl> The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. <hl> There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into <hl> 169 <hl> towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "sentence_answer": "The state is divided into <hl> 169 <hl> towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e73a2b22cd4dfcfbd206"}
-{"question": "Where do minor parties appear?", "paragraph": "More specifically, the status of \"major party\" is usually reconfirmed every four years, as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. Minor parties appear below major parties, and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "answer": "below major parties", "sentence": "Minor parties appear below major parties , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "paragraph_sentence": "More specifically, the status of \"major party\" is usually reconfirmed every four years, as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. <hl> Minor parties appear below major parties , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "More specifically, the status of \"major party\" is usually reconfirmed every four years, as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. Minor parties appear <hl> below major parties <hl>, and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "sentence_answer": "Minor parties appear <hl> below major parties <hl> , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "paragraph_id": "5d66820d2b22cd4dfcfbe135"}
-{"question": "When did the Spanish Civil War start?", "paragraph": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "answer": "1936", "sentence": "Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself.", "paragraph_sentence": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. <hl> Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. <hl> During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in <hl> 1936 <hl> anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "sentence_answer": "Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in <hl> 1936 <hl> anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0662b22cd4dfcfbd083"}
-{"question": "why does many homeless students fall behind their peers in school?", "paragraph": "Homelessness has a tremendous effect on a child's education. Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. This act is supposed to break down the barriers homeless students have to receiving an education. These barriers include residency restriction, medical record verification, and transportation issues. Once a student surpasses these barriers, they are still subject to the stigma of being homeless, and the humiliation they feel because of their situation. Some families do not report their homelessness, while others are unaware of the opportunities available to them. Many report that maintaining a stable school environment helps the students because it's the only thing that remains normal. Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school.", "answer": "behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school", "sentence": "Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school .", "paragraph_sentence": "Homelessness has a tremendous effect on a child's education. Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. This act is supposed to break down the barriers homeless students have to receiving an education. These barriers include residency restriction, medical record verification, and transportation issues. Once a student surpasses these barriers, they are still subject to the stigma of being homeless, and the humiliation they feel because of their situation. Some families do not report their homelessness, while others are unaware of the opportunities available to them. Many report that maintaining a stable school environment helps the students because it's the only thing that remains normal. <hl> Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Homelessness has a tremendous effect on a child's education. Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. This act is supposed to break down the barriers homeless students have to receiving an education. These barriers include residency restriction, medical record verification, and transportation issues. Once a student surpasses these barriers, they are still subject to the stigma of being homeless, and the humiliation they feel because of their situation. Some families do not report their homelessness, while others are unaware of the opportunities available to them. Many report that maintaining a stable school environment helps the students because it's the only thing that remains normal. Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to <hl> behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to <hl> behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666ade2b22cd4dfcfbde6c"}
-{"question": "Which building was the first to be called the world's tallest?", "paragraph": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "answer": "Park Row Building", "sentence": "The nearby Park Row Building , with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899.", "paragraph_sentence": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. <hl> The nearby Park Row Building , with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. <hl> The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby <hl> Park Row Building <hl>, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "sentence_answer": "The nearby <hl> Park Row Building <hl> , with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899.", "paragraph_id": "5d67244f2b22cd4dfcfbf074"}
-{"question": "What is the term for when frozen crystals grow to be hundreds of micrometers?", "paragraph": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets.  This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process.  The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.  These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.  These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground.  Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "answer": "Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process", "sentence": " This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process .", "paragraph_sentence": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. <hl> This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process . <hl> The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "paragraph_answer": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the <hl> Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process <hl>. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "sentence_answer": " This process is known as the <hl> Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677f9c2b22cd4dfcfbfd92"}
-{"question": "Who won the 2010 general election for governor of Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "answer": "Dannel Malloy", "sentence": "As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats.", "paragraph_sentence": "The governor heads the executive branch. <hl> As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. <hl> Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "paragraph_answer": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], <hl> Dannel Malloy <hl> is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2011[update], <hl> Dannel Malloy <hl> is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats.", "paragraph_id": "5d667e782b22cd4dfcfbe0a8"}
-{"question": "Which country annexed Macedonia?", "paragraph": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "answer": "Bulgaria", "sentence": "Bulgaria , meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo.", "paragraph_sentence": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. <hl> Bulgaria , meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. <hl> The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "paragraph_answer": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. <hl> Bulgaria <hl>, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Bulgaria <hl> , meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fca82b22cd4dfcfc04e6"}
-{"question": "In a European sense, what subject was nearly non existent in colonial America?", "paragraph": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "answer": "Literature", "sentence": "Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. <hl> Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. <hl> These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "paragraph_answer": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. <hl> Literature <hl> in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Literature <hl> in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6656942b22cd4dfcfbdc47"}
-{"question": "In what way did Chela Sandoval refer to the women's liberation movement?", "paragraph": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "answer": "hegemonic feminism", "sentence": "Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \" hegemonic feminism \" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women.", "paragraph_sentence": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. <hl> Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \" hegemonic feminism \" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. <hl> This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "paragraph_answer": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"<hl> hegemonic feminism <hl>\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "sentence_answer": "Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \" <hl> hegemonic feminism <hl> \" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eee62b22cd4dfcfbe5d8"}
-{"question": "how much higher does rainfall increase at 32 to 64 kilometers downwind of cities monthly?", "paragraph": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas.  This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity.  Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%.  Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind.  Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "answer": "28%", "sentence": " Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind.", "paragraph_sentence": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas. This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%. <hl> Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. <hl> Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "paragraph_answer": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas. This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%. Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about <hl> 28% <hl> greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "sentence_answer": " Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about <hl> 28% <hl> greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind.", "paragraph_id": "5d671bb92b22cd4dfcfbef7b"}
-{"question": "how dose tin occur?", "paragraph": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "answer": "from various ores.", "sentence": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. <hl> Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted <hl> from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "sentence_answer": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted <hl> from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_id": "5d67eefe2b22cd4dfcfc0432"}
-{"question": "What Japanese surname means the base of a mountain?", "paragraph": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "answer": "Yamamoto", "sentence": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", <hl> Yamamoto <hl> (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "sentence_answer": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", <hl> Yamamoto <hl> (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d673c1b2b22cd4dfcfbf396"}
-{"question": "What position did manon play?", "paragraph": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "answer": "goaltender", "sentence": "One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins.", "paragraph_sentence": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. <hl> One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. <hl> In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a <hl> goaltender <hl> for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "sentence_answer": "One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a <hl> goaltender <hl> for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins.", "paragraph_id": "5d66928b2b22cd4dfcfbe2c6"}
-{"question": "What was overrode by the Andes?", "paragraph": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\nThe Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "answer": "Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen", "sentence": "Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. <hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. <hl> The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_answer": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. <hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen <hl> in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen <hl> in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.", "paragraph_id": "5d66864f2b22cd4dfcfbe1ac"}
-{"question": "What did colonists subdivide between farmers?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "their land", "sentence": "As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. <hl> This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide <hl> their land <hl> between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide <hl> their land <hl> between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1692b22cd4dfcfbcb9c"}
-{"question": "Who did Thaddeus cure?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "answer": "Abgar V of Edessa", "sentence": " According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. <hl> Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured <hl> Abgar V of Edessa <hl> of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "sentence_answer": " According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured <hl> Abgar V of Edessa <hl> of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_id": "5d6586b02b22cd4dfcfbc9fd"}
-{"question": "What is the first way economic decentralization can be done by?", "paragraph": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "answer": "through privatization of public owned functions and businesses", "sentence": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses , as described briefly above.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses , as described briefly above. <hl> But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "paragraph_answer": "Economic decentralization can be done <hl> through privatization of public owned functions and businesses <hl>, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "sentence_answer": "Economic decentralization can be done <hl> through privatization of public owned functions and businesses <hl> , as described briefly above.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3852b22cd4dfcfbcc0b"}
-{"question": "A multi-storey office building can be described as simple in what way?", "paragraph": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "answer": "structurally", "sentence": "Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "paragraph_sentence": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. <hl> Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. Many structures are <hl> structurally <hl> simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "sentence_answer": "Many structures are <hl> structurally <hl> simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "paragraph_id": "5d67591a2b22cd4dfcfbf7d4"}
-{"question": "What caused the 2012 crisis?", "paragraph": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season.  The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "answer": "the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "sentence": " The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. <hl> The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before <hl> the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. <hl>", "sentence_answer": " The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before <hl> the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d661de62b22cd4dfcfbd935"}
-{"question": "What did women lose control of when marrying in early colonial America?", "paragraph": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage. Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural \"rulers\" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. Women also lost most control of their property when marrying. Even single women could not sue anyone or be sued, or make contracts, and divorce was almost impossible until the late eighteenth century.", "answer": "their property", "sentence": "Women also lost most control of their property when marrying.", "paragraph_sentence": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage. Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural \"rulers\" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. <hl> Women also lost most control of their property when marrying. <hl> Even single women could not sue anyone or be sued, or make contracts, and divorce was almost impossible until the late eighteenth century.", "paragraph_answer": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage. Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural \"rulers\" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. Women also lost most control of <hl> their property <hl> when marrying. Even single women could not sue anyone or be sued, or make contracts, and divorce was almost impossible until the late eighteenth century.", "sentence_answer": "Women also lost most control of <hl> their property <hl> when marrying.", "paragraph_id": "5d6692272b22cd4dfcfbe2b6"}
-{"question": "What degrees are awarded at completion of the seminary?", "paragraph": "The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin operates two seminaries, the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, and the Vaskenian Theological Academy at Lake Sevan. Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology. The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya, Lebanon. Upon graduation, students receive the equivalent of a high school diploma and pre-graduate theological study.", "answer": "bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology", "sentence": "Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin operates two seminaries, the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, and the Vaskenian Theological Academy at Lake Sevan. <hl> Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology . <hl> The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya, Lebanon. Upon graduation, students receive the equivalent of a high school diploma and pre-graduate theological study.", "paragraph_answer": "The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin operates two seminaries, the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, and the Vaskenian Theological Academy at Lake Sevan. Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a <hl> bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology <hl>. The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya, Lebanon. Upon graduation, students receive the equivalent of a high school diploma and pre-graduate theological study.", "sentence_answer": "Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a <hl> bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d657b7f2b22cd4dfcfbc970"}
-{"question": "Where in India do they use the surname before the given name?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "In North Indian states", "sentence": "In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists.", "paragraph_sentence": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. <hl> In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. <hl> In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. <hl> In North Indian states <hl> the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In North Indian states <hl> the surname is placed after given names where it exists.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d32b22cd4dfcfbff15"}
-{"question": "What are the jobs of the two linesmen?", "paragraph": "A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs, and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties. Linesmen can, however, report to the referee(s) that a penalty should be assessed against an offending player in some situations. The restrictions on this practice vary depending on the governing rules. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers.", "answer": "calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs", "sentence": "There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs , and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties.", "paragraph_sentence": "A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. <hl> There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs , and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties. <hl> Linesmen can, however, report to the referee(s) that a penalty should be assessed against an offending player in some situations. The restrictions on this practice vary depending on the governing rules. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers.", "paragraph_answer": "A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for <hl> calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs <hl>, and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties. Linesmen can, however, report to the referee(s) that a penalty should be assessed against an offending player in some situations. The restrictions on this practice vary depending on the governing rules. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers.", "sentence_answer": "There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for <hl> calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs <hl> , and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bcb2b22cd4dfcfbf843"}
-{"question": "What does DM stand for?", "paragraph": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees.  A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "answer": "Doctor of Medicine", "sentence": "Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM ( Doctor of Medicine ), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia.", "paragraph_sentence": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. <hl> Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM ( Doctor of Medicine ), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. <hl> For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees. A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "paragraph_answer": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (<hl> Doctor of Medicine <hl>), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees. A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "sentence_answer": "Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM ( <hl> Doctor of Medicine <hl> ), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6680182b22cd4dfcfbe0d9"}
-{"question": "What majority is needed to override a governor's veto?", "paragraph": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "answer": "two-thirds", "sentence": "a two-thirds majority in each house.", "paragraph_sentence": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by <hl> a two-thirds majority in each house. <hl> Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a <hl> two-thirds <hl> majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> two-thirds <hl> majority in each house.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e49b2b22cd4dfcfbd174"}
-{"question": "What type of nexus of control might get in the way of the project of decentralization?", "paragraph": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "answer": "centralized power", "sentence": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; <hl> centralized power <hl> centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; <hl> centralized power <hl> centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d65e12d2b22cd4dfcfbd0aa"}
-{"question": "Who died in 1953, giving rise to Khrushchev's rule in the Ussr?", "paragraph": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "answer": "Stalin", "sentence": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. <hl> Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "paragraph_answer": "With the death of <hl> Stalin <hl> in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "sentence_answer": "With the death of <hl> Stalin <hl> in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8432b22cd4dfcfbe854"}
-{"question": "How are numbers in names identified?", "paragraph": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "answer": "by digits rather than initial letters", "sentence": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters : as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters : as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). <hl> Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "paragraph_answer": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented <hl> by digits rather than initial letters <hl>: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "sentence_answer": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented <hl> by digits rather than initial letters <hl> : as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77).", "paragraph_id": "5d65acbe2b22cd4dfcfbcb0d"}
-{"question": "Where is the the Hillman Cancer Center located?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), which is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's \"Honor Roll\" of America's top hospitals, consists of the following hospitals and facilities in the Oakland area, many of which have shared use with various university departments: UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Thomas Detre Hall, Eye and Ear Institute, Forbes Tower (home to the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences), Iroquois Building, Kaufman Medical Building, Medical Arts Building, 230 McKee Place, and UPMC University Center. UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland.", "answer": "in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland", "sentence": "UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), which is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's \"Honor Roll\" of America's top hospitals, consists of the following hospitals and facilities in the Oakland area, many of which have shared use with various university departments: UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Thomas Detre Hall, Eye and Ear Institute, Forbes Tower (home to the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences), Iroquois Building, Kaufman Medical Building, Medical Arts Building, 230 McKee Place, and UPMC University Center. <hl> UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), which is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's \"Honor Roll\" of America's top hospitals, consists of the following hospitals and facilities in the Oakland area, many of which have shared use with various university departments: UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Thomas Detre Hall, Eye and Ear Institute, Forbes Tower (home to the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences), Iroquois Building, Kaufman Medical Building, Medical Arts Building, 230 McKee Place, and UPMC University Center. UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located <hl> in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located <hl> in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673edc2b22cd4dfcfbf3df"}
-{"question": "What part of Yugoslavia did Germany occupy?", "paragraph": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "answer": "northern Slovenia", "sentence": "Germany occupied northern Slovenia , while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia.", "paragraph_sentence": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. <hl> Germany occupied northern Slovenia , while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. <hl> Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "paragraph_answer": "The terms of the capitulation were extremely severe, as the Axis proceeded to dismember Yugoslavia. Germany occupied <hl> northern Slovenia <hl>, while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia. Mussolini's Italy occupied the remainder of Slovenia (annexed and renamed as the Province of Lubiana), Kosovo, and large chunks of the coastal Dalmatia region (along with nearly all its Adriatic islands). It also gained control over the newly created Montenegrin puppet state, and was granted the kingship in the Independent State of Croatia, though wielding little real power within it. Hungary dispatched the Hungarian Third Army to occupy part of Serbian Vojvodina, including Baranja and Ba\u010dka, and annexed the Croatian area of Me\u0111imurje and the Slovene area of Prekmurje. Bulgaria, meanwhile, annexed nearly all of Macedonia, and small areas of eastern Serbia and Kosovo. The dissolution of Yugoslavia, the creation of the NDH, Independent State of Montenegro and Nedic's Serbia and the annexations of Yugoslav territory by the various Axis countries were incompatible with international law in force at that time.", "sentence_answer": "Germany occupied <hl> northern Slovenia <hl> , while retaining direct occupation over a rump Serbian state and considerable influence over its newly created puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which extended over much of today's Croatia and contained all of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina and Syrmia region of modern-day Serbia.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fca82b22cd4dfcfc04e2"}
-{"question": "How many major rules limit the movement of puck in the game of hockey?", "paragraph": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "answer": "three major", "sentence": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. <hl> A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> three major <hl> rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> three major <hl> rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665ed2b22cd4dfcfbddd2"}
-{"question": "What is the average temperature in Istanbul during winter?", "paragraph": "Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures averaging 1\u20134 \u00b0C (34\u201339 \u00b0F). Lake-effect snow from the Black Sea is common, although difficult to forecast, with the potential to be heavy and\u2014as with the fog\u2014disruptive to the city's infrastructure. Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south\u2014sometimes in the same day\u2014tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year. The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in the city center on the Marmara coast are 40.5 \u00b0C (105 \u00b0F) and \u221216.1 \u00b0C (3 \u00b0F). The greatest rainfall recorded in a day is 227 millimeters (8.9 in), and the highest recorded snow cover is 80 centimeters (31 in).", "answer": "averaging 1\u20134 \u00b0C (34\u201339 \u00b0F)", "sentence": "Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures averaging 1\u20134 \u00b0C (34\u201339 \u00b0F) .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures averaging 1\u20134 \u00b0C (34\u201339 \u00b0F) . <hl> Lake-effect snow from the Black Sea is common, although difficult to forecast, with the potential to be heavy and\u2014as with the fog\u2014disruptive to the city's infrastructure. Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south\u2014sometimes in the same day\u2014tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year. The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in the city center on the Marmara coast are 40.5 \u00b0C (105 \u00b0F) and \u221216.1 \u00b0C (3 \u00b0F). The greatest rainfall recorded in a day is 227 millimeters (8.9 in), and the highest recorded snow cover is 80 centimeters (31 in).", "paragraph_answer": "Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures <hl> averaging 1\u20134 \u00b0C (34\u201339 \u00b0F) <hl>. Lake-effect snow from the Black Sea is common, although difficult to forecast, with the potential to be heavy and\u2014as with the fog\u2014disruptive to the city's infrastructure. Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south\u2014sometimes in the same day\u2014tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year. The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in the city center on the Marmara coast are 40.5 \u00b0C (105 \u00b0F) and \u221216.1 \u00b0C (3 \u00b0F). The greatest rainfall recorded in a day is 227 millimeters (8.9 in), and the highest recorded snow cover is 80 centimeters (31 in).", "sentence_answer": "Winter is colder in Istanbul than in most other cities around the Mediterranean Basin, with low temperatures <hl> averaging 1\u20134 \u00b0C (34\u201339 \u00b0F) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6758742b22cd4dfcfbf7ba"}
-{"question": "What Islands do not allow cars?", "paragraph": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "answer": "The Princes' Islands", "sentence": "The Princes' Islands , 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. <hl> The Princes' Islands , 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. <hl> Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "paragraph_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. <hl> The Princes' Islands <hl>, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Princes' Islands <hl> , 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb8f2b22cd4dfcfbd2a1"}
-{"question": "Do Marxist-Leninist economists believe people should have to work for life necessities?", "paragraph": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore freedom from having to perform such labour to receive access to the material necessities for life. It is argued that freedom from necessity would maximise individual liberty, as individuals would be able to pursue their own interests and develop their own talents while only performing labour by free will without external coercion. The stage of economic development in which this is possible is contingent upon advances in the productive capabilities of society. This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism.", "answer": "freedom from having to perform such labour", "sentence": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore freedom from having to perform such labour to receive access to the material necessities for life.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore freedom from having to perform such labour to receive access to the material necessities for life. <hl> It is argued that freedom from necessity would maximise individual liberty, as individuals would be able to pursue their own interests and develop their own talents while only performing labour by free will without external coercion. The stage of economic development in which this is possible is contingent upon advances in the productive capabilities of society. This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism.", "paragraph_answer": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore <hl> freedom from having to perform such labour <hl> to receive access to the material necessities for life. It is argued that freedom from necessity would maximise individual liberty, as individuals would be able to pursue their own interests and develop their own talents while only performing labour by free will without external coercion. The stage of economic development in which this is possible is contingent upon advances in the productive capabilities of society. This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism.", "sentence_answer": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore <hl> freedom from having to perform such labour <hl> to receive access to the material necessities for life.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705c72b22cd4dfcfbeadb"}
-{"question": "What year was University of Pittsburgh ranked second overall?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "In 2009 , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. <hl> In 2009 , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. <hl> Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In <hl> 2009 <hl>, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 2009 <hl> , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf40c"}
-{"question": "What types of plants were selected for harvesting?", "paragraph": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "answer": "strains that retained their edible seeds longer", "sentence": "Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer .", "paragraph_sentence": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. <hl> Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for <hl> strains that retained their edible seeds longer <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for <hl> strains that retained their edible seeds longer <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673d552b22cd4dfcfbf3b1"}
-{"question": "Which practice is more widely studied centralization or decentralization?", "paragraph": "Decentralization or  decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "answer": "centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied", "sentence": "While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization.", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. <hl> While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. <hl> The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. While <hl> centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied <hl> and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "sentence_answer": "While <hl> centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied <hl> and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization.", "paragraph_id": "5d66600c2b22cd4dfcfbdcfb"}
-{"question": "What did the period of an abbreviation replace?", "paragraph": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\"). In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.", "answer": "the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters", "sentence": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\"). <hl> In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.", "paragraph_answer": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of <hl> the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters <hl> \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\"). In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.", "sentence_answer": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of <hl> the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters <hl> \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\").", "paragraph_id": "5d65a3a32b22cd4dfcfbcaa3"}
-{"question": "The British lost control of Manhattan on what date?", "paragraph": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "answer": "November 25, 1783", "sentence": "British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783 , when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. <hl> British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783 , when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until <hl> November 25, 1783 <hl>, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "sentence_answer": "British occupation lasted until <hl> November 25, 1783 <hl> , when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701092b22cd4dfcfbea02"}
-{"question": "Which nominee did not represent states of red color?", "paragraph": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "answer": "Al Gore", "sentence": "That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue.", "paragraph_sentence": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. <hl> That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. <hl> Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "paragraph_answer": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee <hl> Al Gore <hl> were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "sentence_answer": "That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee <hl> Al Gore <hl> were colored blue.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736f32b22cd4dfcfbf2be"}
-{"question": "The HEARTH Act created what program?", "paragraph": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009. The HEARTH Act amends and reauthorizes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act with substantial changes. The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a Rural Housing Stability Program, changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance. The primary purpose of the legislation was to define homelessness terms: \"homeless,\" \"homeless individual,\" \"homeless person,\" and \"homeless individual with a disability.\"", "answer": "Rural Housing Stability Program", "sentence": "The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a Rural Housing Stability Program , changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance.", "paragraph_sentence": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009. The HEARTH Act amends and reauthorizes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act with substantial changes. <hl> The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a Rural Housing Stability Program , changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance. <hl> The primary purpose of the legislation was to define homelessness terms: \"homeless,\" \"homeless individual,\" \"homeless person,\" and \"homeless individual with a disability.\"", "paragraph_answer": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009. The HEARTH Act amends and reauthorizes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act with substantial changes. The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a <hl> Rural Housing Stability Program <hl>, changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance. The primary purpose of the legislation was to define homelessness terms: \"homeless,\" \"homeless individual,\" \"homeless person,\" and \"homeless individual with a disability.\"", "sentence_answer": "The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a <hl> Rural Housing Stability Program <hl> , changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691822b22cd4dfcfbe290"}
-{"question": "What did American do to each other the most during the 1700's?", "paragraph": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "answer": "sued each other", "sentence": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries.", "paragraph_sentence": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. <hl> Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. <hl> This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "paragraph_answer": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans <hl> sued each other <hl> at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "sentence_answer": "Americans <hl> sued each other <hl> at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687522b22cd4dfcfbe1db"}
-{"question": "What type of journalist was Gloria Steinem?", "paragraph": "In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show.  In her diary, Steinem alleged the club was mistreating its waitresses in order to gain male customers and exploited the Playboy Bunnies as symbols of male chauvinism, noting that the club's manual instructed the Bunnies that \"there are many pleasing ways they can employ to stimulate the club's liquor volume.\"  By 1968, Steinem had become arguably the most influential figure in the movement and support for legalized abortion and federally funded day-cares had become the two leading objectives for feminists.", "answer": "freelance", "sentence": "In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show. <hl> In her diary, Steinem alleged the club was mistreating its waitresses in order to gain male customers and exploited the Playboy Bunnies as symbols of male chauvinism, noting that the club's manual instructed the Bunnies that \"there are many pleasing ways they can employ to stimulate the club's liquor volume.\" By 1968, Steinem had become arguably the most influential figure in the movement and support for legalized abortion and federally funded day-cares had become the two leading objectives for feminists.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1963, <hl> freelance <hl> journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show. In her diary, Steinem alleged the club was mistreating its waitresses in order to gain male customers and exploited the Playboy Bunnies as symbols of male chauvinism, noting that the club's manual instructed the Bunnies that \"there are many pleasing ways they can employ to stimulate the club's liquor volume.\" By 1968, Steinem had become arguably the most influential figure in the movement and support for legalized abortion and federally funded day-cares had become the two leading objectives for feminists.", "sentence_answer": "In 1963, <hl> freelance <hl> journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show.", "paragraph_id": "5d677a652b22cd4dfcfbfce5"}
-{"question": "Which teams left the NHL?", "paragraph": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "answer": "The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans", "sentence": "The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "paragraph_sentence": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). <hl> The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). <hl> The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans <hl> eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans <hl> eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6412b22cd4dfcfbd1ce"}
-{"question": "What does a call stack structure contain?", "paragraph": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "answer": "one activation record for each suspended subprogram", "sentence": "As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram .", "paragraph_sentence": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. <hl> As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram . <hl> In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "paragraph_answer": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of <hl> one activation record for each suspended subprogram <hl>. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "sentence_answer": "As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of <hl> one activation record for each suspended subprogram <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675bfe2b22cd4dfcfbf85f"}
-{"question": "What structure was built on the Sarayburnu?", "paragraph": "Following the model of Rome, the historic peninsula is said to be characterized by seven hills, each topped by imperial mosques. The easternmost of these hills is the site of Topkap\u0131 Palace on the Sarayburnu. Rising from the opposite side of the Golden Horn is another, conical hill, where the modern Beyo\u011flu district is situated. Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar on the Asian side exhibits similarly hilly characteristics, with the terrain gradually extending down to the Bosphorus coast, but the landscape in \u015eemsipa\u015fa and Ayazma is more abrupt, akin to a promontory. The highest point in Istanbul is \u00c7aml\u0131ca Hill, with an altitude of 288 meters (945 ft). The northern half of Istanbul has a higher mean elevation compared to the south coast, with locations surpassing 200 meters (660 ft), and some coasts with steep cliffs resembling fjords, especially around the northern end of the Bosporus, where it opens up to the Black Sea.", "answer": "Topkap\u0131 Palace", "sentence": "The easternmost of these hills is the site of Topkap\u0131 Palace on the Sarayburnu.", "paragraph_sentence": "Following the model of Rome, the historic peninsula is said to be characterized by seven hills, each topped by imperial mosques. <hl> The easternmost of these hills is the site of Topkap\u0131 Palace on the Sarayburnu. <hl> Rising from the opposite side of the Golden Horn is another, conical hill, where the modern Beyo\u011flu district is situated. Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar on the Asian side exhibits similarly hilly characteristics, with the terrain gradually extending down to the Bosphorus coast, but the landscape in \u015eemsipa\u015fa and Ayazma is more abrupt, akin to a promontory. The highest point in Istanbul is \u00c7aml\u0131ca Hill, with an altitude of 288 meters (945 ft). The northern half of Istanbul has a higher mean elevation compared to the south coast, with locations surpassing 200 meters (660 ft), and some coasts with steep cliffs resembling fjords, especially around the northern end of the Bosporus, where it opens up to the Black Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the model of Rome, the historic peninsula is said to be characterized by seven hills, each topped by imperial mosques. The easternmost of these hills is the site of <hl> Topkap\u0131 Palace <hl> on the Sarayburnu. Rising from the opposite side of the Golden Horn is another, conical hill, where the modern Beyo\u011flu district is situated. Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar on the Asian side exhibits similarly hilly characteristics, with the terrain gradually extending down to the Bosphorus coast, but the landscape in \u015eemsipa\u015fa and Ayazma is more abrupt, akin to a promontory. The highest point in Istanbul is \u00c7aml\u0131ca Hill, with an altitude of 288 meters (945 ft). The northern half of Istanbul has a higher mean elevation compared to the south coast, with locations surpassing 200 meters (660 ft), and some coasts with steep cliffs resembling fjords, especially around the northern end of the Bosporus, where it opens up to the Black Sea.", "sentence_answer": "The easternmost of these hills is the site of <hl> Topkap\u0131 Palace <hl> on the Sarayburnu.", "paragraph_id": "5d65caf82b22cd4dfcfbcd76"}
-{"question": "When was the Arthurian legend written down?", "paragraph": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious  \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "answer": "1139", "sentence": "It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. <hl> It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in <hl> 1139 <hl> Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "sentence_answer": "It was there that in <hl> 1139 <hl> Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736552b22cd4dfcfbf2a6"}
-{"question": "Which term implying interconnection can describe tensity in dome design?", "paragraph": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "answer": "catenary", "sentence": "They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "paragraph_sentence": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. <hl> They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a <hl> catenary <hl> in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "sentence_answer": "They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a <hl> catenary <hl> in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bf82b22cd4dfcfbf858"}
-{"question": "The points of a Cartesian plan can be identified with what?", "paragraph": "A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian system is called a Cartesian plane.  Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with pairs of real numbers; that is with the Cartesian product \n\n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\n2\n\n\n=\n\nR\n\n\u00d7\n\nR\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} }\n\n, where \n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} }\n\n is the set of all reals.  In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n  be identified with the tuples (lists) of n real numbers, that is, with the Cartesian product \n\n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\nn\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{n}}\n\n.", "answer": "pairs of real numbers", "sentence": " Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with pairs of real numbers ; that is with the Cartesian product \n\n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\n2\n\n\n=\n\nR\n\n\u00d7\n\nR\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} }\n\n, where \n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} }\n\n is the set of all reals.", "paragraph_sentence": "A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian system is called a Cartesian plane. <hl> Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with pairs of real numbers ; that is with the Cartesian product R 2 = R \u00d7 R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} } , where R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} } is the set of all reals. <hl> In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n be identified with the tuples (lists) of n real numbers, that is, with the Cartesian product R n {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{n}} .", "paragraph_answer": "A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian system is called a Cartesian plane. Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with <hl> pairs of real numbers <hl>; that is with the Cartesian product R 2 = R \u00d7 R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} } , where R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} } is the set of all reals. In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n be identified with the tuples (lists) of n real numbers, that is, with the Cartesian product R n {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{n}} .", "sentence_answer": " Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with <hl> pairs of real numbers <hl> ; that is with the Cartesian product R 2 = R \u00d7 R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} } , where R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} } is the set of all reals.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716932b22cd4dfcfbeed7"}
-{"question": "What is the area of study within biophysics that is the current subject of academic research?", "paragraph": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "answer": "Phase behavior", "sentence": "Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research.", "paragraph_sentence": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. <hl> Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. <hl> Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "paragraph_answer": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. <hl> Phase behavior <hl> is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Phase behavior <hl> is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research.", "paragraph_id": "5d67473d2b22cd4dfcfbf4d3"}
-{"question": "How the deductive system works ?", "paragraph": "A deductive system is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. There are many such systems for first-order logic, including Hilbert-style deductive systems, natural deduction, the sequent calculus, the tableaux method, and resolution. These share the common property that a deduction is a finite syntactic object; the format of this object, and the way it is constructed, vary widely.  These finite deductions themselves are often called derivations in proof theory. They are also often called proofs, but are completely formalized unlike natural-language mathematical proofs.", "answer": "one formula is a logical consequence of another formula.", "sentence": "A deductive system is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. There are many such systems for first-order logic, including Hilbert-style deductive systems, natural deduction, the sequent calculus, the tableaux method, and resolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A deductive system is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. There are many such systems for first-order logic, including Hilbert-style deductive systems, natural deduction, the sequent calculus, the tableaux method, and resolution. <hl> These share the common property that a deduction is a finite syntactic object; the format of this object, and the way it is constructed, vary widely. These finite deductions themselves are often called derivations in proof theory. They are also often called proofs, but are completely formalized unlike natural-language mathematical proofs.", "paragraph_answer": "A deductive system is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that <hl> one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. <hl> There are many such systems for first-order logic, including Hilbert-style deductive systems, natural deduction, the sequent calculus, the tableaux method, and resolution. These share the common property that a deduction is a finite syntactic object; the format of this object, and the way it is constructed, vary widely. These finite deductions themselves are often called derivations in proof theory. They are also often called proofs, but are completely formalized unlike natural-language mathematical proofs.", "sentence_answer": "A deductive system is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that <hl> one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. <hl> There are many such systems for first-order logic, including Hilbert-style deductive systems, natural deduction, the sequent calculus, the tableaux method, and resolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff792b22cd4dfcfbd53f"}
-{"question": "What is the h2 quartet?", "paragraph": "The classical  saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "answer": "Classical saxophone quartets", "sentence": "Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others.", "paragraph_sentence": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. <hl> Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. <hl> Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. <hl> Classical saxophone quartets <hl> include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Classical saxophone quartets <hl> include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725f22b22cd4dfcfbf0da"}
-{"question": "Are people allowed to fly the flag at half mast outside of official times?", "paragraph": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "answer": "the governor", "sentence": "Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor .", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. <hl> Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor . <hl> In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by <hl> the governor <hl>. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "sentence_answer": "Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by <hl> the governor <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5712b22cd4dfcfbcc8b"}
-{"question": "What are convex lenses used to increase the efficiency of?", "paragraph": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "answer": "photovoltaic cells", "sentence": "A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "paragraph_sentence": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. <hl> A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small <hl> photovoltaic cells <hl>, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "sentence_answer": "A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small <hl> photovoltaic cells <hl> , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "paragraph_id": "5d67083c2b22cd4dfcfbeb60"}
-{"question": "How long is the trip between Manhattan and Staten Island on the ferry?", "paragraph": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "answer": "5.2-mile (8.4 km)", "sentence": "The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) <hl> The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. <hl> Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "paragraph_answer": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the <hl> 5.2-mile (8.4 km) <hl> run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "sentence_answer": "The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the <hl> 5.2-mile (8.4 km) <hl> run between Manhattan and Staten Island.", "paragraph_id": "5d670d422b22cd4dfcfbec3c"}
-{"question": "Owning what was a prerequisite for voting right in the colonial society?", "paragraph": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "answer": "property", "sentence": "First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote.", "paragraph_sentence": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. <hl> First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. <hl> While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "paragraph_answer": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of <hl> property <hl> allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "sentence_answer": "First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of <hl> property <hl> allowed to vote.", "paragraph_id": "5d6631e22b22cd4dfcfbdac2"}
-{"question": "Where were dogs first domesticated?", "paragraph": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "answer": "East Asia", "sentence": "Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs ( East Asia , about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "paragraph_sentence": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. <hl> Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs ( East Asia , about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (<hl> East Asia <hl>, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "sentence_answer": "Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs ( <hl> East Asia <hl> , about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67422b2b22cd4dfcfbf42e"}
-{"question": "When did the first African slaves reach the area now known as the United States?", "paragraph": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in January 1526 as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown. By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. The enslaved people revolted and joined a nearby Native American tribe, while the Spanish abandoned the colony altogether. Colombia received its first enslaved people in 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively.", "answer": "January 1526", "sentence": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in January 1526 as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in January 1526 as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown. <hl> By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. The enslaved people revolted and joined a nearby Native American tribe, while the Spanish abandoned the colony altogether. Colombia received its first enslaved people in 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in <hl> January 1526 <hl> as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown. By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. The enslaved people revolted and joined a nearby Native American tribe, while the Spanish abandoned the colony altogether. Colombia received its first enslaved people in 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively.", "sentence_answer": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in <hl> January 1526 <hl> as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbf52b22cd4dfcfbcf52"}
-{"question": "What are the five categories used for surnames?", "paragraph": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin:  given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name.  This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "answer": "given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name", "sentence": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin:  given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name . <hl> This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: <hl> given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name <hl>. This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: <hl> given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671d252b22cd4dfcfbefb9"}
-{"question": "To which part of a cloud is hail blown into?", "paragraph": "Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt.  The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the upper part of the cloud.  The updraft dissipates and the hailstones fall down, back into the updraft, and are lifted again.  Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more.  Within METAR code, GR is used to indicate larger hail, of a diameter of at least 6.4 millimetres (0.25 in).  GR is derived from the French word gr\u00eale.  Smaller-sized hail, as well as snow pellets, use the coding of GS, which is short for the French word gr\u00e9sil.  Stones just larger than golf ball-sized are one of the most frequently reported hail sizes.  Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 500 grams (1 lb).  In large hailstones, latent heat released by further freezing may melt the outer shell of the hailstone.  The hailstone then may undergo 'wet growth', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones.  The hailstone gains an ice layer and grows increasingly larger with each ascent. Once a hailstone becomes too heavy to be supported by the storm's updraft, it falls from the cloud.", "answer": "upper part", "sentence": " The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the upper part of the cloud.", "paragraph_sentence": "Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt. <hl> The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the upper part of the cloud. <hl> The updraft dissipates and the hailstones fall down, back into the updraft, and are lifted again. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Within METAR code, GR is used to indicate larger hail, of a diameter of at least 6.4 millimetres (0.25 in). GR is derived from the French word gr\u00eale. Smaller-sized hail, as well as snow pellets, use the coding of GS, which is short for the French word gr\u00e9sil. Stones just larger than golf ball-sized are one of the most frequently reported hail sizes. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 500 grams (1 lb). In large hailstones, latent heat released by further freezing may melt the outer shell of the hailstone. The hailstone then may undergo 'wet growth', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones. The hailstone gains an ice layer and grows increasingly larger with each ascent. Once a hailstone becomes too heavy to be supported by the storm's updraft, it falls from the cloud.", "paragraph_answer": "Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt. The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the <hl> upper part <hl> of the cloud. The updraft dissipates and the hailstones fall down, back into the updraft, and are lifted again. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Within METAR code, GR is used to indicate larger hail, of a diameter of at least 6.4 millimetres (0.25 in). GR is derived from the French word gr\u00eale. Smaller-sized hail, as well as snow pellets, use the coding of GS, which is short for the French word gr\u00e9sil. Stones just larger than golf ball-sized are one of the most frequently reported hail sizes. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 500 grams (1 lb). In large hailstones, latent heat released by further freezing may melt the outer shell of the hailstone. The hailstone then may undergo 'wet growth', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones. The hailstone gains an ice layer and grows increasingly larger with each ascent. Once a hailstone becomes too heavy to be supported by the storm's updraft, it falls from the cloud.", "sentence_answer": " The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the <hl> upper part <hl> of the cloud.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d3c32b22cd4dfcfc02d1"}
-{"question": "What is the family name of a Russian named Ivan Andreyevich Sergeyev?", "paragraph": "Patronymic name conventions are similar in some other nations, including Malaysia (see Malaysian name) and other Muslim countries, among most people of the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala (unlike another Indian state Andhra Pradesh, where ancestral origin village names have become surnames for the people), in Mongolia and in the Scottish Gaelic personal naming system. In Russia and Bulgaria, both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andreyevich Sergeyev, that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev. A similar system is used in Greece.", "answer": "Sergeyev", "sentence": "In Russia and Bulgaria, both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andreyevich Sergeyev , that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev.", "paragraph_sentence": "Patronymic name conventions are similar in some other nations, including Malaysia (see Malaysian name) and other Muslim countries, among most people of the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala (unlike another Indian state Andhra Pradesh, where ancestral origin village names have become surnames for the people), in Mongolia and in the Scottish Gaelic personal naming system. <hl> In Russia and Bulgaria, both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andreyevich Sergeyev , that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev. <hl> A similar system is used in Greece.", "paragraph_answer": "Patronymic name conventions are similar in some other nations, including Malaysia (see Malaysian name) and other Muslim countries, among most people of the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala (unlike another Indian state Andhra Pradesh, where ancestral origin village names have become surnames for the people), in Mongolia and in the Scottish Gaelic personal naming system. In Russia and Bulgaria, both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andreyevich <hl> Sergeyev <hl>, that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev. A similar system is used in Greece.", "sentence_answer": "In Russia and Bulgaria, both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andreyevich <hl> Sergeyev <hl> , that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev.", "paragraph_id": "5d673a3c2b22cd4dfcfbf31c"}
-{"question": "What hurricane did the most damage in 2011 and 2012?", "paragraph": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages. Hurricane Irene struck Connecticut August 28 and damage totaled $235 million. Two months later in late October, the \"Halloween nor'easter\" dropped extensive snow onto trees, resulting in snapped branches and trunks that damaged power lines, with some areas not seeing electricity restored for 11 days. Hurricane Sandy had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012. Sandy's winds drove storm surges into streets, and cut power to 98 percent of homes and businesses en route to more than $360 million in damage.", "answer": "Hurricane Sandy", "sentence": "Hurricane Sandy had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages. Hurricane Irene struck Connecticut August 28 and damage totaled $235 million. Two months later in late October, the \"Halloween nor'easter\" dropped extensive snow onto trees, resulting in snapped branches and trunks that damaged power lines, with some areas not seeing electricity restored for 11 days. <hl> Hurricane Sandy had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012. <hl> Sandy's winds drove storm surges into streets, and cut power to 98 percent of homes and businesses en route to more than $360 million in damage.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages. Hurricane Irene struck Connecticut August 28 and damage totaled $235 million. Two months later in late October, the \"Halloween nor'easter\" dropped extensive snow onto trees, resulting in snapped branches and trunks that damaged power lines, with some areas not seeing electricity restored for 11 days. <hl> Hurricane Sandy <hl> had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012. Sandy's winds drove storm surges into streets, and cut power to 98 percent of homes and businesses en route to more than $360 million in damage.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Hurricane Sandy <hl> had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012.", "paragraph_id": "5d6618af2b22cd4dfcfbd868"}
-{"question": "10000-9000 BP is when what became widespread in Southwest Asia?", "paragraph": "Early agriculture is believed to have originated and become widespread in Southwest Asia around 10,000\u20139,000 BP, though earlier individual sites have been identified. The Fertile Crescent region of Southwest Asia is the centre of domestication for three cereals (einkorn wheat, emmer wheat and barley) four legumes (lentil, pea, bitter vetch and chickpea) and flax. The Mediterranean climate consists of a long dry season with a short period of rain, which may have favored small plants with large seeds, like wheat and barley.[citation needed] The Fertile Crescent also had a large area of varied geographical settings and altitudes and this variety may have made agriculture more profitable for former hunter-gatherers in this region in comparison with other areas with a similar climate .[citation needed]", "answer": "Early agriculture", "sentence": "Early agriculture is believed to have originated and become widespread in Southwest Asia around 10,000\u20139,000 BP, though earlier individual sites have been identified.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Early agriculture is believed to have originated and become widespread in Southwest Asia around 10,000\u20139,000 BP, though earlier individual sites have been identified. <hl> The Fertile Crescent region of Southwest Asia is the centre of domestication for three cereals (einkorn wheat, emmer wheat and barley) four legumes (lentil, pea, bitter vetch and chickpea) and flax. The Mediterranean climate consists of a long dry season with a short period of rain, which may have favored small plants with large seeds, like wheat and barley.[citation needed] The Fertile Crescent also had a large area of varied geographical settings and altitudes and this variety may have made agriculture more profitable for former hunter-gatherers in this region in comparison with other areas with a similar climate .[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Early agriculture <hl> is believed to have originated and become widespread in Southwest Asia around 10,000\u20139,000 BP, though earlier individual sites have been identified. The Fertile Crescent region of Southwest Asia is the centre of domestication for three cereals (einkorn wheat, emmer wheat and barley) four legumes (lentil, pea, bitter vetch and chickpea) and flax. The Mediterranean climate consists of a long dry season with a short period of rain, which may have favored small plants with large seeds, like wheat and barley.[citation needed] The Fertile Crescent also had a large area of varied geographical settings and altitudes and this variety may have made agriculture more profitable for former hunter-gatherers in this region in comparison with other areas with a similar climate .[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Early agriculture <hl> is believed to have originated and become widespread in Southwest Asia around 10,000\u20139,000 BP, though earlier individual sites have been identified.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0232b22cd4dfcfbe640"}
-{"question": "How many public heliports does Manhattan have?", "paragraph": "Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009.", "answer": "three", "sentence": "Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. <hl> US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan has <hl> three <hl> public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan has <hl> three <hl> public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3362b22cd4dfcfbe71c"}
-{"question": "Which city is the most economically powerful city?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "answer": "New York City", "sentence": "Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. <hl> Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. <hl> Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, <hl> New York City <hl> has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "sentence_answer": "Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, <hl> New York City <hl> has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca502b22cd4dfcfc0239"}
-{"question": "Who elected the members of the assemblies?", "paragraph": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "answer": "the freeholders and planters", "sentence": "Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province.", "paragraph_sentence": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. <hl> Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. <hl> The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "paragraph_answer": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by <hl> the freeholders and planters <hl> (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "sentence_answer": "Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by <hl> the freeholders and planters <hl> (landowners) of the province.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff442b22cd4dfcfbd52d"}
-{"question": "What does forename mean?", "paragraph": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal. In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.", "answer": "given name", "sentence": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal. <hl> In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.", "paragraph_answer": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a <hl> given name <hl> (forename) is far from universal. In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.", "sentence_answer": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a <hl> given name <hl> (forename) is far from universal.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee652b22cd4dfcfc042a"}
-{"question": "What is the rule called when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck?", "paragraph": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "answer": "delayed penalty", "sentence": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. <hl> In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "paragraph_answer": "A <hl> delayed penalty <hl> call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> delayed penalty <hl> call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b392b22cd4dfcfbf826"}
-{"question": "Who was a two time 110 M hurdle gold medalist that attended Pitt?", "paragraph": "Pitt has a long history of success in other intercollegiate athletic events. In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom, and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith. The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16. Pitt's women's volleyball team, one of the winningest program in the nation, won 11 conference championships while a member of the Big East, and appeared in 11 NCAA tournaments since the program began in 1974. Pitt's swimming and diving teams have produced several Olympians and won 19 men's and nine women's Big East Championships while a member of that conference. Pitt women's gymnastics is a regular qualifier for the NCAA Northeast Regional Championship. Baseball, Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013.  Other varsity sports have also competed at national and conference championships and include cross country, soccer, softball, and tennis.", "answer": "Roger Kingdom", "sentence": "In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom , and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt has a long history of success in other intercollegiate athletic events. <hl> In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom , and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith <hl> . The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16. Pitt's women's volleyball team, one of the winningest program in the nation, won 11 conference championships while a member of the Big East, and appeared in 11 NCAA tournaments since the program began in 1974. Pitt's swimming and diving teams have produced several Olympians and won 19 men's and nine women's Big East Championships while a member of that conference. Pitt women's gymnastics is a regular qualifier for the NCAA Northeast Regional Championship. Baseball, Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013. Other varsity sports have also competed at national and conference championships and include cross country, soccer, softball, and tennis.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt has a long history of success in other intercollegiate athletic events. In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist <hl> Roger Kingdom <hl>, and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith. The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16. Pitt's women's volleyball team, one of the winningest program in the nation, won 11 conference championships while a member of the Big East, and appeared in 11 NCAA tournaments since the program began in 1974. Pitt's swimming and diving teams have produced several Olympians and won 19 men's and nine women's Big East Championships while a member of that conference. Pitt women's gymnastics is a regular qualifier for the NCAA Northeast Regional Championship. Baseball, Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013. Other varsity sports have also competed at national and conference championships and include cross country, soccer, softball, and tennis.", "sentence_answer": "In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist <hl> Roger Kingdom <hl> , and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8a02b22cd4dfcfbe88f"}
-{"question": "How many ships were seized by the Royal Navy's Squadron?", "paragraph": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "answer": "approximately 1,600", "sentence": "Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels.", "paragraph_sentence": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. <hl> Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. <hl> Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "paragraph_answer": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized <hl> approximately 1,600 <hl> ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "sentence_answer": "Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized <hl> approximately 1,600 <hl> ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3fb2b22cd4dfcfbd3d2"}
-{"question": "Who helped Gregory build the first Armenian church?", "paragraph": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "answer": "the king", "sentence": "With the king 's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. <hl> With the king 's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. <hl> He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "paragraph_answer": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With <hl> the king <hl>'s help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "sentence_answer": "With <hl> the king <hl> 's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision.", "paragraph_id": "5d65884a2b22cd4dfcfbca1c"}
-{"question": "Which code stated that both the legal and birth name are correct?", "paragraph": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "answer": "Argentine Civilian Code", "sentence": "The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. <hl> The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. <hl> Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "paragraph_answer": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The <hl> Argentine Civilian Code <hl> states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Argentine Civilian Code <hl> states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bde92b22cd4dfcfc011d"}
-{"question": "Who besides the Germans was terrorizing the local population?", "paragraph": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "answer": "collaborationist militias", "sentence": "Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population.", "paragraph_sentence": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. <hl> Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. <hl> The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with <hl> collaborationist militias <hl> roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with <hl> collaborationist militias <hl> roaming the countryside terrorizing the population.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703ff2b22cd4dfcfbea92"}
-{"question": "What health conditions are associated with cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "answer": "hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia", "sentence": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. <hl> It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of <hl> hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia <hl>, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "sentence_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of <hl> hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia <hl> , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613b42b22cd4dfcfbd7c8"}
-{"question": "What is one language the this alphabet has been used as the script for?", "paragraph": "Latin was written in the Latin alphabet, derived from the Old Italic alphabet, which was in turn drawn from the Greek and ultimately the Phoenician alphabet. This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Finnic, and many Slavic languages (Polish, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian and Czech), and has been adopted by many languages around the world, including Vietnamese, the Austronesian languages, many Turkic languages, and most languages in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system.", "answer": "Celtic", "sentence": "This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, Celtic , Germanic, Baltic, Finnic, and many Slavic languages (Polish, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian and Czech), and has been adopted by many languages around the world, including Vietnamese, the Austronesian languages, many Turkic languages, and most languages in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system.", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin was written in the Latin alphabet, derived from the Old Italic alphabet, which was in turn drawn from the Greek and ultimately the Phoenician alphabet. <hl> This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, Celtic , Germanic, Baltic, Finnic, and many Slavic languages (Polish, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian and Czech), and has been adopted by many languages around the world, including Vietnamese, the Austronesian languages, many Turkic languages, and most languages in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Latin was written in the Latin alphabet, derived from the Old Italic alphabet, which was in turn drawn from the Greek and ultimately the Phoenician alphabet. This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, <hl> Celtic <hl>, Germanic, Baltic, Finnic, and many Slavic languages (Polish, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian and Czech), and has been adopted by many languages around the world, including Vietnamese, the Austronesian languages, many Turkic languages, and most languages in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system.", "sentence_answer": "This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, <hl> Celtic <hl> , Germanic, Baltic, Finnic, and many Slavic languages (Polish, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian and Czech), and has been adopted by many languages around the world, including Vietnamese, the Austronesian languages, many Turkic languages, and most languages in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system.", "paragraph_id": "5d6605592b22cd4dfcfbd5dc"}
-{"question": "Where are Oxford's various chain stores located?", "paragraph": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "answer": "Cornmarket Street and Queen Street", "sentence": "Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. <hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. <hl> St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "paragraph_answer": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. <hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street <hl> are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street <hl> are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2a2b22cd4dfcfbf624"}
-{"question": "Where is The Stannus Street Rink located?", "paragraph": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "answer": "Windsor, Nova Scotia", "sentence": "The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. <hl> The Stannus Street Rink in Windsor, Nova Scotia (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. <hl> The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "paragraph_answer": "As the popularity of ice hockey as a spectator sport grew, earlier rinks were replaced by larger rinks. Most of the early indoor ice rinks have been demolished; Montreal's Victoria Rink, built in 1862, was demolished in 1925. Many older rinks succumbed to fire, such as Denman Arena, Dey's Arena, Quebec Skating Rink and Montreal Arena, a hazard of the buildings' wood construction. The Stannus Street Rink in <hl> Windsor, Nova Scotia <hl> (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey. The Aberdeen Pavilion (built in 1898) in Ottawa was used for ice hockey in 1904 and is the oldest existing facility that has hosted Stanley Cup games.", "sentence_answer": "The Stannus Street Rink in <hl> Windsor, Nova Scotia <hl> (built in 1897) may be the oldest still in existence; however, it is no longer used for ice hockey.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b842b22cd4dfcfbde7e"}
-{"question": "What specialty type of classified advertising was it geared for?", "paragraph": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "answer": "premium vehicles", "sentence": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. <hl> It can be accessed without cost.", "paragraph_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for <hl> premium vehicles <hl> that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "sentence_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for <hl> premium vehicles <hl> that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles.", "paragraph_id": "5d674bec2b22cd4dfcfbf56c"}
-{"question": "Who has produced many notable performers?", "paragraph": "Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, have produced many successful bands and musicians. The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School, though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins,  Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. These and many other bands from over 30 years of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "answer": "Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages,", "sentence": "Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, have produced many successful bands and musicians.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, have produced many successful bands and musicians. <hl> The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School, though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins, Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. These and many other bands from over 30 years of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, <hl> have produced many successful bands and musicians. The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School, though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins, Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. These and many other bands from over 30 years of the Oxford music scene's history feature in the documentary film Anyone Can Play Guitar?.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Oxford, and its surrounding towns and villages, <hl> have produced many successful bands and musicians.", "paragraph_id": "5d673aca2b22cd4dfcfbf325"}
-{"question": "What percentage of British men were able to vote in the colonial society?", "paragraph": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "answer": "fewer than 1%", "sentence": "While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible.", "paragraph_sentence": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. <hl> While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. <hl> The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "paragraph_answer": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While <hl> fewer than 1% <hl> of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "sentence_answer": "While <hl> fewer than 1% <hl> of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible.", "paragraph_id": "5d6631e22b22cd4dfcfbdac0"}
-{"question": "What did machines before the mid 1960s use?", "paragraph": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time.\nThe arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years.\nThe earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction.\nSubroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site.\nSome very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines.\nMachines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines.\nThe PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "answer": "a calling convention", "sentence": "\nMachines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine.", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years. The earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction. Subroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site. Some very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines. <hl> Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. <hl> This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines. The PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years. The earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction. Subroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site. Some very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines. Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use <hl> a calling convention <hl> which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines. The PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "sentence_answer": " Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use <hl> a calling convention <hl> which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c882b22cd4dfcfbf593"}
-{"question": "Where is the function of reciprocity in nature especially seen?", "paragraph": "The phenomenon of reciprocity in nature is seen by evolutionary biologists as one way to begin to understand human morality. Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably. For example, some vampire bats fail to feed on prey some nights while others manage to consume a surplus. Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on other group members to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "answer": "animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably", "sentence": "Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably .", "paragraph_sentence": "The phenomenon of reciprocity in nature is seen by evolutionary biologists as one way to begin to understand human morality. <hl> Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably . <hl> For example, some vampire bats fail to feed on prey some nights while others manage to consume a surplus. Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on other group members to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "paragraph_answer": "The phenomenon of reciprocity in nature is seen by evolutionary biologists as one way to begin to understand human morality. Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for <hl> animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably <hl>. For example, some vampire bats fail to feed on prey some nights while others manage to consume a surplus. Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. Since these animals live in close-knit groups over many years, an individual can count on other group members to return the favor on nights when it goes hungry (Wilkinson, 1984)", "sentence_answer": "Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for <hl> animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67644a2b22cd4dfcfbf9b0"}
-{"question": "After what event did Ottoman architectural style get replaced by European?", "paragraph": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque),  and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "answer": "the Tanzimat reforms", "sentence": "In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms , Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles.", "paragraph_sentence": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. <hl> In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms , Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. <hl> An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "paragraph_answer": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after <hl> the Tanzimat reforms <hl>, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "sentence_answer": "In the following centuries, and especially after <hl> the Tanzimat reforms <hl> , Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b6ae2b22cd4dfcfbe443"}
-{"question": "Who is Walter Rodney?", "paragraph": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "answer": "historian", "sentence": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries-", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- <hl> Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> historian <hl> Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> historian <hl> Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries-", "paragraph_id": "5d65fb2f2b22cd4dfcfbd4c3"}
-{"question": "Gorski is Polish for what word?", "paragraph": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "answer": "\"hill\"", "sentence": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\" ) or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\" ) or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. <hl> \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "paragraph_answer": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for <hl> \"hill\" <hl>) or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "sentence_answer": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for <hl> \"hill\" <hl> ) or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b4d2b22cd4dfcfbf33f"}
-{"question": "How can a decentralized model negatively affect national policy?", "paragraph": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "answer": "too complex", "sentence": "Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority.", "paragraph_sentence": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. <hl> Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. <hl> Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "paragraph_answer": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination <hl> too complex <hl>; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization can make national policy coordination <hl> too complex <hl> ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df242b22cd4dfcfbd047"}
-{"question": "What is checking?", "paragraph": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "answer": "attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play", "sentence": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014 attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014 attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play . <hl> Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "paragraph_answer": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014<hl> attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play <hl>. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "sentence_answer": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014 <hl> attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d41c2b22cd4dfcfbce37"}
-{"question": "What new category does the latest version of the AQF include?", "paragraph": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "answer": "Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees", "sentence": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. <hl> As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "paragraph_answer": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of <hl> Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees <hl> which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "sentence_answer": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of <hl> Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees <hl> which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d6697402b22cd4dfcfbe325"}
-{"question": "What major law did feminism attempt to pass that was defeated by Phyllis Schlafy?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution", "sentence": "Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution , in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. <hl> Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution , in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted <hl> passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution <hl>, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Its major effort was the attempted <hl> passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution <hl> , in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e292b22cd4dfcfbec76"}
-{"question": "At what level of jurisdiction would a problem be undertaken under the subsidiary approach?", "paragraph": "Participation\nIn decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "answer": "the lowest or least centralized", "sentence": "It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so.", "paragraph_sentence": "Participation In decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. <hl> It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. <hl> According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Participation In decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that <hl> the lowest or least centralized <hl> authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "sentence_answer": "It holds that <hl> the lowest or least centralized <hl> authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f07c2b22cd4dfcfbd343"}
-{"question": "Decentralization is generally based on what type of policies?", "paragraph": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system.\nA variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "answer": "explicit", "sentence": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. <hl> However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. A variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on <hl> explicit <hl> policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. A variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on <hl> explicit <hl> policies.", "paragraph_id": "5d6678262b22cd4dfcfbe030"}
-{"question": "What is difficult to measure?", "paragraph": "Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically, is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account.\"", "answer": "amount of decentralization, especially politically", "sentence": "Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically , is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically , is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. <hl> An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Measuring the <hl> amount of decentralization, especially politically <hl>, is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account.\"", "sentence_answer": "Measuring the <hl> amount of decentralization, especially politically <hl> , is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements.", "paragraph_id": "5d660a272b22cd4dfcfbd69b"}
-{"question": "What activities are prohibited by the rules, officially?", "paragraph": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "answer": "fighting", "sentence": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. <hl> At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_answer": "Although <hl> fighting <hl> is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "sentence_answer": "Although <hl> fighting <hl> is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport.", "paragraph_id": "5d668f052b22cd4dfcfbe243"}
-{"question": "Senator John McCain's position regarding carbon emissions was thought of as what?", "paragraph": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "answer": "unusual", "sentence": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. <hl> Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "paragraph_answer": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is <hl> unusual <hl> among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "sentence_answer": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is <hl> unusual <hl> among high-ranking party members.", "paragraph_id": "5d6744072b22cd4dfcfbf465"}
-{"question": "What were preachers called during the First Great Awakening that preached in the old style?", "paragraph": "Unlike the Second Great Awakening that began about 1800 and which reached out to the unchurched, the First Great Awakening focused on people who were already church members. It changed their rituals, their piety, and their self-awareness. The new style of sermons and the way people practiced their faith breathed new life into religion in America. People became passionately and emotionally involved in their religion, rather than passively listening to intellectual discourse in a detached manner. Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called \"new lights\", while the preachers of old were called \"old lights\". People began to study the Bible at home, which effectively decentralized the means of informing the public on religious manners and was akin to the individualistic trends present in Europe during the Protestant Reformation.", "answer": "old lights", "sentence": "Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called \"new lights\", while the preachers of old were called \" old lights \".", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike the Second Great Awakening that began about 1800 and which reached out to the unchurched, the First Great Awakening focused on people who were already church members. It changed their rituals, their piety, and their self-awareness. The new style of sermons and the way people practiced their faith breathed new life into religion in America. People became passionately and emotionally involved in their religion, rather than passively listening to intellectual discourse in a detached manner. <hl> Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called \"new lights\", while the preachers of old were called \" old lights \". <hl> People began to study the Bible at home, which effectively decentralized the means of informing the public on religious manners and was akin to the individualistic trends present in Europe during the Protestant Reformation.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike the Second Great Awakening that began about 1800 and which reached out to the unchurched, the First Great Awakening focused on people who were already church members. It changed their rituals, their piety, and their self-awareness. The new style of sermons and the way people practiced their faith breathed new life into religion in America. People became passionately and emotionally involved in their religion, rather than passively listening to intellectual discourse in a detached manner. Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called \"new lights\", while the preachers of old were called \"<hl> old lights <hl>\". People began to study the Bible at home, which effectively decentralized the means of informing the public on religious manners and was akin to the individualistic trends present in Europe during the Protestant Reformation.", "sentence_answer": "Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called \"new lights\", while the preachers of old were called \" <hl> old lights <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d668f2c2b22cd4dfcfbe24f"}
-{"question": "What kind of context makes it okay to drop the domain and codomain specification?", "paragraph": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as \n\n\n\n\nf\n(\nx\n)\n=\n\n\n\nx\n\n2\n\n\n\u2212\n5\nx\n+\n6\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}}\n\n may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "answer": "clear", "sentence": "Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context.", "paragraph_sentence": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. <hl> Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. <hl> So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "paragraph_answer": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are <hl> clear <hl> from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "sentence_answer": "Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are <hl> clear <hl> from the context.", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c92b22cd4dfcfbd82f"}
-{"question": "What happens when snowflakes fall through a warm air layer?", "paragraph": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.  This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.  As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets.  However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface.  A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "answer": "partial or complete melting", "sentence": " This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. <hl> This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. <hl> As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the <hl> partial or complete melting <hl> of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "sentence_answer": " This causes the <hl> partial or complete melting <hl> of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2e52b22cd4dfcfc02bd"}
-{"question": "Which medical school in Canada still awards the MDCM degree?", "paragraph": "In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. McGill University Faculty of Medicine is the only medical school in Canada that continues to award the MD, CM degrees (abbreviated MDCM). MDCM is from the Latin \"Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum\" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\". Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "answer": "Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum", "sentence": "MDCM is from the Latin \" Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum \" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. McGill University Faculty of Medicine is the only medical school in Canada that continues to award the MD, CM degrees (abbreviated MDCM). <hl> MDCM is from the Latin \" Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum \" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\". <hl> Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "paragraph_answer": "In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. McGill University Faculty of Medicine is the only medical school in Canada that continues to award the MD, CM degrees (abbreviated MDCM). MDCM is from the Latin \"<hl> Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum <hl>\" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\". Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. Prior to obtaining independent practicing license from a provincial regulatory body, students must complete the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination to obtain the Licentiate of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC) qualifications.", "sentence_answer": "MDCM is from the Latin \" <hl> Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum <hl> \" meaning \"doctor of medicine and master of surgery\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65edaa2b22cd4dfcfbd2ee"}
-{"question": "How were most early American flags made", "paragraph": "Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to the King of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of \"13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation.\" John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the Alliance, however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars.", "answer": "individually crafted", "sentence": "Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. <hl> Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. <hl> While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to the King of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of \"13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation.\" John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the Alliance, however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. Most were <hl> individually crafted <hl> rather than mass-produced. While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to the King of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of \"13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation.\" John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the Alliance, however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars.", "sentence_answer": "Most were <hl> individually crafted <hl> rather than mass-produced.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de852b22cd4dfcfbd01a"}
-{"question": "What government bodies fought each other the most?", "paragraph": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "answer": "appointed governor and the elected assembly", "sentence": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly . <hl> There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "paragraph_answer": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the <hl> appointed governor and the elected assembly <hl>. There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "sentence_answer": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the <hl> appointed governor and the elected assembly <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6687e62b22cd4dfcfbe1fa"}
-{"question": "When the diplomatic relations with Chile got suspended?", "paragraph": "For decades, Chile claimed ownership of land on the eastern side of the Andes. However, these claims were given up in about 1870 during the War of the Pacific between Chile, the allied Bolivia and Peru, in a diplomatic deal to keep Argentina out of the war. The Chilean Army and Chilean Navy defeated the combined forces of Bolivia and Peru, and Chile took over Bolivia's only province on the Pacific Coast, some land from Peru that was returned to Peru decades later. Bolivia has been a completely landlocked country ever since. It mostly uses seaports in eastern Argentina and Uruguay for international trade because its diplomatic relations with Chile have been suspended since 1978.", "answer": "1978", "sentence": "It mostly uses seaports in eastern Argentina and Uruguay for international trade because its diplomatic relations with Chile have been suspended since 1978 .", "paragraph_sentence": "For decades, Chile claimed ownership of land on the eastern side of the Andes. However, these claims were given up in about 1870 during the War of the Pacific between Chile, the allied Bolivia and Peru, in a diplomatic deal to keep Argentina out of the war. The Chilean Army and Chilean Navy defeated the combined forces of Bolivia and Peru, and Chile took over Bolivia's only province on the Pacific Coast, some land from Peru that was returned to Peru decades later. Bolivia has been a completely landlocked country ever since. <hl> It mostly uses seaports in eastern Argentina and Uruguay for international trade because its diplomatic relations with Chile have been suspended since 1978 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "For decades, Chile claimed ownership of land on the eastern side of the Andes. However, these claims were given up in about 1870 during the War of the Pacific between Chile, the allied Bolivia and Peru, in a diplomatic deal to keep Argentina out of the war. The Chilean Army and Chilean Navy defeated the combined forces of Bolivia and Peru, and Chile took over Bolivia's only province on the Pacific Coast, some land from Peru that was returned to Peru decades later. Bolivia has been a completely landlocked country ever since. It mostly uses seaports in eastern Argentina and Uruguay for international trade because its diplomatic relations with Chile have been suspended since <hl> 1978 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It mostly uses seaports in eastern Argentina and Uruguay for international trade because its diplomatic relations with Chile have been suspended since <hl> 1978 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c912b22cd4dfcfbd6fe"}
-{"question": "Who was the last Dutch Director General of New Amsterdam?", "paragraph": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "answer": "Peter Stuyvesant", "sentence": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. <hl> New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1647, <hl> Peter Stuyvesant <hl> was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "sentence_answer": "In 1647, <hl> Peter Stuyvesant <hl> was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony.", "paragraph_id": "5d67004d2b22cd4dfcfbe9e0"}
-{"question": "What year did the USICH transform and become separate from the Executive Office of the President?", "paragraph": "The Federal government contains one agency that focuses on the issue of homelessness in America, and it has had a much greater role in the policy community since its revitalization at the beginning of the decade and its continued appropriations in the HEARTH Act. The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. Since its revitalization in 2001 as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population. Its mission is to, \"coordinate the Federal response to homelessness and to create a national partnership at every lever of government and with the private sector to reduce and end homelessness in the nation while maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government in contributing to the end of homelessness.\" USICH has taken on a much greater role in Federal-level initiatives to end homelessness in the United States since exiting the Executive Office of the President and notably since the enactment of the HEARTH Act, in which it was mandated that USICH provide leadership in developing a national strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. Since its authorization as an independent agency, USICH been able to work with stakeholders across all government sectors and at all levels to promote collaboration and best practices within the homeless service provider community.", "answer": "2001", "sentence": "Since its revitalization in 2001 as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Federal government contains one agency that focuses on the issue of homelessness in America, and it has had a much greater role in the policy community since its revitalization at the beginning of the decade and its continued appropriations in the HEARTH Act. The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. <hl> Since its revitalization in 2001 as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population. <hl> Its mission is to, \"coordinate the Federal response to homelessness and to create a national partnership at every lever of government and with the private sector to reduce and end homelessness in the nation while maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government in contributing to the end of homelessness.\" USICH has taken on a much greater role in Federal-level initiatives to end homelessness in the United States since exiting the Executive Office of the President and notably since the enactment of the HEARTH Act, in which it was mandated that USICH provide leadership in developing a national strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. Since its authorization as an independent agency, USICH been able to work with stakeholders across all government sectors and at all levels to promote collaboration and best practices within the homeless service provider community.", "paragraph_answer": "The Federal government contains one agency that focuses on the issue of homelessness in America, and it has had a much greater role in the policy community since its revitalization at the beginning of the decade and its continued appropriations in the HEARTH Act. The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. Since its revitalization in <hl> 2001 <hl> as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population. Its mission is to, \"coordinate the Federal response to homelessness and to create a national partnership at every lever of government and with the private sector to reduce and end homelessness in the nation while maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government in contributing to the end of homelessness.\" USICH has taken on a much greater role in Federal-level initiatives to end homelessness in the United States since exiting the Executive Office of the President and notably since the enactment of the HEARTH Act, in which it was mandated that USICH provide leadership in developing a national strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. Since its authorization as an independent agency, USICH been able to work with stakeholders across all government sectors and at all levels to promote collaboration and best practices within the homeless service provider community.", "sentence_answer": "Since its revitalization in <hl> 2001 <hl> as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8dc2b22cd4dfcfbd49d"}
-{"question": "What was the name of the united colonies of New England, New York and the Jerseys under King James II?", "paragraph": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "answer": "Province of Massachusetts Bay", "sentence": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay .", "paragraph_sentence": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. <hl> However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay . <hl> Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "paragraph_answer": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the <hl> Province of Massachusetts Bay <hl>. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the <hl> Province of Massachusetts Bay <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661e042b22cd4dfcfbd93c"}
-{"question": "Glorida Steinem was working undercover as what?", "paragraph": "In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show.  In her diary, Steinem alleged the club was mistreating its waitresses in order to gain male customers and exploited the Playboy Bunnies as symbols of male chauvinism, noting that the club's manual instructed the Bunnies that \"there are many pleasing ways they can employ to stimulate the club's liquor volume.\"  By 1968, Steinem had become arguably the most influential figure in the movement and support for legalized abortion and federally funded day-cares had become the two leading objectives for feminists.", "answer": "a Playboy Bunny waitress", "sentence": "In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as a Playboy Bunny waitress at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show. <hl> In her diary, Steinem alleged the club was mistreating its waitresses in order to gain male customers and exploited the Playboy Bunnies as symbols of male chauvinism, noting that the club's manual instructed the Bunnies that \"there are many pleasing ways they can employ to stimulate the club's liquor volume.\" By 1968, Steinem had become arguably the most influential figure in the movement and support for legalized abortion and federally funded day-cares had become the two leading objectives for feminists.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as <hl> a Playboy Bunny waitress <hl> at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show. In her diary, Steinem alleged the club was mistreating its waitresses in order to gain male customers and exploited the Playboy Bunnies as symbols of male chauvinism, noting that the club's manual instructed the Bunnies that \"there are many pleasing ways they can employ to stimulate the club's liquor volume.\" By 1968, Steinem had become arguably the most influential figure in the movement and support for legalized abortion and federally funded day-cares had become the two leading objectives for feminists.", "sentence_answer": "In 1963, freelance journalist Gloria Steinem gained widespread popularity among feminists after a diary she authored while working undercover as <hl> a Playboy Bunny waitress <hl> at the Playboy Club was published as a two-part feature in the May and June issues of Show.", "paragraph_id": "5d677a652b22cd4dfcfbfce6"}
-{"question": "From which defeated army did the Partisans acquire their first small arms?", "paragraph": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army, like the M24 Mauser rifle. Throughout the war the Partisans used any weapons they could find, mostly weapons captured from the Germans, Italians, Army of the NDH, Usta\u0161e and the Chetniks, such as the Karabiner 98k rifle, MP 40 submachine gun, MG 34 machine gun, Carcano rifles and carbines and Beretta submachine guns. The other way that the Partisans acquired weapons was from supplies given to them by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, including the PPSh-41 and the Sten MKII submachine guns respectively. Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called \"Partisan rifle\" and the anti-tank \"Partisan mortar\".", "answer": "Royal Yugoslav Army", "sentence": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army , like the M24 Mauser rifle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army , like the M24 Mauser rifle. <hl> Throughout the war the Partisans used any weapons they could find, mostly weapons captured from the Germans, Italians, Army of the NDH, Usta\u0161e and the Chetniks, such as the Karabiner 98k rifle, MP 40 submachine gun, MG 34 machine gun, Carcano rifles and carbines and Beretta submachine guns. The other way that the Partisans acquired weapons was from supplies given to them by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, including the PPSh-41 and the Sten MKII submachine guns respectively. Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called \"Partisan rifle\" and the anti-tank \"Partisan mortar\".", "paragraph_answer": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated <hl> Royal Yugoslav Army <hl>, like the M24 Mauser rifle. Throughout the war the Partisans used any weapons they could find, mostly weapons captured from the Germans, Italians, Army of the NDH, Usta\u0161e and the Chetniks, such as the Karabiner 98k rifle, MP 40 submachine gun, MG 34 machine gun, Carcano rifles and carbines and Beretta submachine guns. The other way that the Partisans acquired weapons was from supplies given to them by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, including the PPSh-41 and the Sten MKII submachine guns respectively. Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called \"Partisan rifle\" and the anti-tank \"Partisan mortar\".", "sentence_answer": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated <hl> Royal Yugoslav Army <hl> , like the M24 Mauser rifle.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723d12b22cd4dfcfbf068"}
-{"question": "What is another word for high relief?", "paragraph": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "answer": "altorilievo", "sentence": "High relief (or altorilievo , from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> High relief (or altorilievo , from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. <hl> The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "High relief (or <hl> altorilievo <hl>, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "sentence_answer": "High relief (or <hl> altorilievo <hl> , from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fae32b22cd4dfcfc04c4"}
-{"question": "What transportation links most directly connect Sweden and Denmark?", "paragraph": "Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). The undersea tunnel of the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this, since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic\u2014given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about oil pollution.", "answer": "the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel", "sentence": "Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). <hl> The undersea tunnel of the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this, since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic\u2014given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about oil pollution.", "paragraph_answer": "Construction of <hl> the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel <hl> (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). The undersea tunnel of the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this, since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic\u2014given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about oil pollution.", "sentence_answer": "Construction of <hl> the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel <hl> (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula).", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf8c2b22cd4dfcfbcdc2"}
-{"question": "what climates feature year round cold and continuous permafrost with little precipitation?", "paragraph": "An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round.  The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.  A steppe is a dry grassland.  Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "answer": "Subarctic", "sentence": " Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "paragraph_sentence": "An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round. The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. A steppe is a dry grassland. <hl> Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round. The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. A steppe is a dry grassland. <hl> Subarctic <hl> climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Subarctic <hl> climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718452b22cd4dfcfbef21"}
-{"question": "what is an a important element of tin?", "paragraph": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "answer": "Cassiterite (SnO2)", "sentence": "Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. <hl> Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) <hl> is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) <hl> is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_id": "5d67eefe2b22cd4dfcfc0434"}
-{"question": "What replaced the Triglavka cap?", "paragraph": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Titovka cap", "sentence": "From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. <hl> From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. <hl> In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with <hl> the Titovka cap <hl> as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with <hl> the Titovka cap <hl> as part of their uniform.", "paragraph_id": "5d67971f2b22cd4dfcfbfea6"}
-{"question": "How many people out of each two hundred were homeless during 2008-2009?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress  estimated that 1.56 million people, or one in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii). On a single night in January 2009, 643,000 people were homeless. Nearly two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation (p. 19). A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group. Of all those who sought emergency shelter or transitional housing during 2009, the following characteristics were observed:", "answer": "one", "sentence": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress  estimated that 1.56 million people, or one in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress estimated that 1.56 million people, or one in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii). <hl> On a single night in January 2009, 643,000 people were homeless. Nearly two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation (p. 19). A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group. Of all those who sought emergency shelter or transitional housing during 2009, the following characteristics were observed:", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress estimated that 1.56 million people, or <hl> one <hl> in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii). On a single night in January 2009, 643,000 people were homeless. Nearly two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation (p. 19). A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group. Of all those who sought emergency shelter or transitional housing during 2009, the following characteristics were observed:", "sentence_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress estimated that 1.56 million people, or <hl> one <hl> in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii).", "paragraph_id": "5d66150a2b22cd4dfcfbd7f7"}
-{"question": "What is the effect that reduces mutual sexual attraction?", "paragraph": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "answer": "Westermarck", "sentence": "Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "paragraph_sentence": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). <hl> Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the <hl> Westermarck <hl> effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "sentence_answer": "Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the <hl> Westermarck <hl> effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "paragraph_id": "5d675a412b22cd4dfcfbf808"}
-{"question": "What was needed for property ownership?", "paragraph": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c.\u20095,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "answer": "citation", "sentence": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[ citation needed].", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[ citation needed]. <hl> Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "paragraph_answer": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[<hl> citation <hl> needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "sentence_answer": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[ <hl> citation <hl> needed].", "paragraph_id": "5d673aea2b22cd4dfcfbf335"}
-{"question": "What chapter had a title containing the word hockey?", "paragraph": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "answer": "chapter XI", "sentence": "whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), <hl> whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose <hl> chapter XI <hl> was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "sentence_answer": "whose <hl> chapter XI <hl> was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0c72b22cd4dfcfbd08e"}
-{"question": "What are consequentialism and humanism?", "paragraph": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "answer": "contemporary secular frameworks", "sentence": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. <hl> There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "paragraph_answer": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with <hl> contemporary secular frameworks <hl> such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "sentence_answer": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with <hl> contemporary secular frameworks <hl> such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others.", "paragraph_id": "5d67056d2b22cd4dfcfbeacb"}
-{"question": "What is also understood implicitly ?", "paragraph": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as \n\n\n\n\nf\n(\nx\n)\n=\n\n\n\nx\n\n2\n\n\n\u2212\n5\nx\n+\n6\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}}\n\n may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "answer": "the maximal possible domain", "sentence": "Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as \n\n\n\n\nf\n(\nx\n)", "paragraph_sentence": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. <hl> Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) <hl> = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "paragraph_answer": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, <hl> the maximal possible domain <hl> is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "sentence_answer": "Sometimes, <hl> the maximal possible domain <hl> is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x )", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c92b22cd4dfcfbd832"}
-{"question": "What types of patients did Salk test his vaccine on?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "answer": "paralyzed", "sentence": "Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. <hl> Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. <hl> By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in <hl> paralyzed <hl> polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "sentence_answer": "Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in <hl> paralyzed <hl> polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6af2b22cd4dfcfbe802"}
-{"question": "What is shortened name for the iconic test for risk transfer?", "paragraph": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater.  Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance.  Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "answer": "10/10", "sentence": " Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \" 10/10 \" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. <hl> Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \" 10/10 \" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"<hl> 10/10 <hl>\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "sentence_answer": " Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \" <hl> 10/10 <hl> \" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7d92b22cd4dfcfbcd08"}
-{"question": "What is it known as if formula has unique parse tree?", "paragraph": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "answer": "readability of formulas", "sentence": "This property is known as unique readability of formulas .", "paragraph_sentence": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). <hl> This property is known as unique readability of formulas . <hl> There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique <hl> readability of formulas <hl>. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "sentence_answer": "This property is known as unique <hl> readability of formulas <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d42b22cd4dfcfbcccf"}
-{"question": "These preachers that preached in a dramatic and emotional style called themselves what?", "paragraph": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "answer": "New Lights", "sentence": "Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \" New Lights \", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. <hl> Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \" New Lights \", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. <hl> To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "paragraph_answer": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"<hl> New Lights <hl>\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "sentence_answer": "Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \" <hl> New Lights <hl> \", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d667ed82b22cd4dfcfbe0b4"}
-{"question": "Which century saw overcapacity in small British factories?", "paragraph": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "answer": "18th", "sentence": "The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid- 18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. <hl> The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid- 18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. <hl> Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "paragraph_answer": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-<hl> 18th <hl> century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "sentence_answer": "The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid- <hl> 18th <hl> century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b992b22cd4dfcfbfacd"}
-{"question": "What was the  percentage increase in homeless in 2013?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007. D.C. ranks eighth regarding total homeless population among other major American cities. The city passed a law that requires to provide shelter to everybody in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since D.C. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around $100 for a night. According to the D.C. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent $2,544,454 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted $3.2 million on hotel beds in 2013. Homeless advocates Mitch Snyder and Eric Sheptock come from D.C.", "answer": "29 percent", "sentence": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007. <hl> D.C. ranks eighth regarding total homeless population among other major American cities. The city passed a law that requires to provide shelter to everybody in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since D.C. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around $100 for a night. According to the D.C. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent $2,544,454 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted $3.2 million on hotel beds in 2013. Homeless advocates Mitch Snyder and Eric Sheptock come from D.C.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a <hl> 29 percent <hl> increase after 2007. D.C. ranks eighth regarding total homeless population among other major American cities. The city passed a law that requires to provide shelter to everybody in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since D.C. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around $100 for a night. According to the D.C. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent $2,544,454 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted $3.2 million on hotel beds in 2013. Homeless advocates Mitch Snyder and Eric Sheptock come from D.C.", "sentence_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a <hl> 29 percent <hl> increase after 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb1d2b22cd4dfcfbd286"}
-{"question": "How might the Ecclesiastical Latin be described?", "paragraph": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "answer": "the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church", "sentence": "In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church , as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. <hl> In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church , as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to <hl> the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church <hl>, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "sentence_answer": "In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to <hl> the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church <hl> , as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "paragraph_id": "5d6641382b22cd4dfcfbdb93"}
-{"question": "When was the first building of Ahmolean Museum erected?", "paragraph": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "answer": "1678\u20131683", "sentence": "Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. <hl> Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. <hl> The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "paragraph_answer": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in <hl> 1678\u20131683 <hl> to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "sentence_answer": "Its first building was erected in <hl> 1678\u20131683 <hl> to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751872b22cd4dfcfbf6cc"}
-{"question": "When did Oxford house the court of Charles II?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "1665\u201366", "sentence": "It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366 .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. <hl> It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366 . <hl> Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in <hl> 1665\u201366 <hl>. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in <hl> 1665\u201366 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6714ef2b22cd4dfcfbee7a"}
-{"question": "What two things were necessary to maintain the status of the gentry?", "paragraph": "Sports occupied a great deal of attention at every social level, starting at the top.  In England hunting was sharply restricted to landowners, and enforced by armed gameskeepers. In American game was more than plentiful. Everyone\u2014including servants and slaves\u2014could and did hunt. Poor men with a good rifle aim won praise; rich gentlemen who were off target won ridicule. In 1691 Sir Francis Nicholson, the governor, organized competitions for the \u201cbetter sort of Virginians onely who are Batchelors,\u201d and he offered prizes \u201cto be shot for, wrastled, played at backswords, & Run for by Horse and foott.\u201d  Horse racing was the main event. The typical farmer did not own a horse in the first place, and racing was a matter for gentlemen only, but ordinary farmers were spectators and gamblers. Selected slaves often became skilled horse trainers.  Horse racing was especially important for knitting the gentry together. The race was a major public event designed to demonstrate to the world the superior social status of the gentry through expensive breeding, training, boasting and gambling, and especially winning the races themselves.  Historian Timothy Breen explains that horse racing and high-stakes gambling were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry. When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values.", "answer": "horse racing and high-stakes gambling", "sentence": " Historian Timothy Breen explains that horse racing and high-stakes gambling were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sports occupied a great deal of attention at every social level, starting at the top. In England hunting was sharply restricted to landowners, and enforced by armed gameskeepers. In American game was more than plentiful. Everyone\u2014including servants and slaves\u2014could and did hunt. Poor men with a good rifle aim won praise; rich gentlemen who were off target won ridicule. In 1691 Sir Francis Nicholson, the governor, organized competitions for the \u201cbetter sort of Virginians onely who are Batchelors,\u201d and he offered prizes \u201cto be shot for, wrastled, played at backswords, & Run for by Horse and foott.\u201d Horse racing was the main event. The typical farmer did not own a horse in the first place, and racing was a matter for gentlemen only, but ordinary farmers were spectators and gamblers. Selected slaves often became skilled horse trainers. Horse racing was especially important for knitting the gentry together. The race was a major public event designed to demonstrate to the world the superior social status of the gentry through expensive breeding, training, boasting and gambling, and especially winning the races themselves. <hl> Historian Timothy Breen explains that horse racing and high-stakes gambling were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry. <hl> When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values.", "paragraph_answer": "Sports occupied a great deal of attention at every social level, starting at the top. In England hunting was sharply restricted to landowners, and enforced by armed gameskeepers. In American game was more than plentiful. Everyone\u2014including servants and slaves\u2014could and did hunt. Poor men with a good rifle aim won praise; rich gentlemen who were off target won ridicule. In 1691 Sir Francis Nicholson, the governor, organized competitions for the \u201cbetter sort of Virginians onely who are Batchelors,\u201d and he offered prizes \u201cto be shot for, wrastled, played at backswords, & Run for by Horse and foott.\u201d Horse racing was the main event. The typical farmer did not own a horse in the first place, and racing was a matter for gentlemen only, but ordinary farmers were spectators and gamblers. Selected slaves often became skilled horse trainers. Horse racing was especially important for knitting the gentry together. The race was a major public event designed to demonstrate to the world the superior social status of the gentry through expensive breeding, training, boasting and gambling, and especially winning the races themselves. Historian Timothy Breen explains that <hl> horse racing and high-stakes gambling <hl> were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry. When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values.", "sentence_answer": " Historian Timothy Breen explains that <hl> horse racing and high-stakes gambling <hl> were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry.", "paragraph_id": "5d6620132b22cd4dfcfbd981"}
-{"question": "What years were the tradition of breakbeat used in hip hop production?", "paragraph": "By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats.  Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A, Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "answer": "1980s and early 1990s", "sentence": "By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats. <hl> Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A, Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "paragraph_answer": "By the late <hl> 1980s and early 1990s <hl> the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats. Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A, Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "sentence_answer": "By the late <hl> 1980s and early 1990s <hl> the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddf92b22cd4dfcfbcfee"}
-{"question": "What year did the Dutch conquer New Sweden?", "paragraph": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "answer": "1655", "sentence": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. <hl> The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "paragraph_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to <hl> 1655 <hl> and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "sentence_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to <hl> 1655 <hl> and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5f02b22cd4dfcfbd1c6"}
-{"question": "Who produced some of the first mainstream drum and bass tracks?", "paragraph": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "answer": "Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die", "sentence": "V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. <hl> V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene though there have been a few signings, most recently Pendulum's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's Full Cycle Records played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] <hl> Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die <hl> produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass.[citation needed] <hl> Roni Size, Krust and DJ Die <hl> produced some of the first tracks to be considered[who?] mainstream drum and bass tracks.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d666ede2b22cd4dfcfbded2"}
-{"question": "What seperates the volcanic zones?", "paragraph": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "answer": "volcanic gaps", "sentence": "The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. <hl> The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps . <hl> The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by <hl> volcanic gaps <hl>. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "sentence_answer": "The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by <hl> volcanic gaps <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6696be2b22cd4dfcfbe31c"}
-{"question": "What external factor might engineering software incorporate?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. To apply the knowledge successfully a structural engineer generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads, such as from earthquakes and winds.", "answer": "environmental loads", "sentence": "Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads , such as from earthquakes and winds.", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. To apply the knowledge successfully a structural engineer generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. <hl> Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads , such as from earthquakes and winds. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. To apply the knowledge successfully a structural engineer generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. Such software may also take into consideration <hl> environmental loads <hl>, such as from earthquakes and winds.", "sentence_answer": "Such software may also take into consideration <hl> environmental loads <hl> , such as from earthquakes and winds.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766c72b22cd4dfcfbf9fc"}
-{"question": "Welds, screws, rivets and bolts hold what together?", "paragraph": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "answer": "components", "sentence": "Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "paragraph_sentence": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). <hl> Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the <hl> components <hl> together.", "sentence_answer": "Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the <hl> components <hl> together.", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc82b22cd4dfcfbfe5d"}
-{"question": "What factors contribute to cardiovascular diseases?", "paragraph": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "answer": "genetic predisposition and environmental factors", "sentence": "This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors .", "paragraph_sentence": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. <hl> This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors . <hl> Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "paragraph_answer": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of <hl> genetic predisposition and environmental factors <hl>. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "sentence_answer": "This may be secondary to a combination of <hl> genetic predisposition and environmental factors <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6682db2b22cd4dfcfbe14f"}
-{"question": "what sphingolipid derived from ceramide is potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization?", "paragraph": "In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that lipid signaling is a vital part of the cell signaling. Lipid signaling may occur via activation of G protein-coupled or nuclear receptors, and members of several different lipid categories have been identified as signaling molecules and cellular messengers. These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. Phosphatidylserine lipids are known to be involved in signaling for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and/or pieces of cells. They accomplish this by being exposed to the extracellular face of the cell membrane after the inactivation of flippases which place them exclusively on the cytosolic side and the activation of scramblases, which scramble the orientation of the phospholipids. After this occurs, other cells recognize the phosphatidylserines and phagocytosize the cells or cell fragments exposing them.", "answer": "sphingosine-1-phosphate", "sentence": "These include sphingosine-1-phosphate , a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that lipid signaling is a vital part of the cell signaling. Lipid signaling may occur via activation of G protein-coupled or nuclear receptors, and members of several different lipid categories have been identified as signaling molecules and cellular messengers. <hl> These include sphingosine-1-phosphate , a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. <hl> Phosphatidylserine lipids are known to be involved in signaling for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and/or pieces of cells. They accomplish this by being exposed to the extracellular face of the cell membrane after the inactivation of flippases which place them exclusively on the cytosolic side and the activation of scramblases, which scramble the orientation of the phospholipids. After this occurs, other cells recognize the phosphatidylserines and phagocytosize the cells or cell fragments exposing them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that lipid signaling is a vital part of the cell signaling. Lipid signaling may occur via activation of G protein-coupled or nuclear receptors, and members of several different lipid categories have been identified as signaling molecules and cellular messengers. These include <hl> sphingosine-1-phosphate <hl>, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. Phosphatidylserine lipids are known to be involved in signaling for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and/or pieces of cells. They accomplish this by being exposed to the extracellular face of the cell membrane after the inactivation of flippases which place them exclusively on the cytosolic side and the activation of scramblases, which scramble the orientation of the phospholipids. After this occurs, other cells recognize the phosphatidylserines and phagocytosize the cells or cell fragments exposing them.", "sentence_answer": "These include <hl> sphingosine-1-phosphate <hl> , a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee4e2b22cd4dfcfc0422"}
-{"question": "who took the slaves to Montserrat ?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "Irish immigrants", "sentence": "Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants <hl> took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Irish immigrants <hl> took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_id": "5d665ff92b22cd4dfcfbdcf3"}
-{"question": "What is the third alternate qualification?", "paragraph": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees.  A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "answer": "DNB (superspecialties)", "sentence": " A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties) , offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "paragraph_sentence": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees. <hl> A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties) , offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees. A third alternate qualification is <hl> DNB (superspecialties) <hl>, offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "sentence_answer": " A third alternate qualification is <hl> DNB (superspecialties) <hl> , offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "paragraph_id": "5d6680182b22cd4dfcfbe0db"}
-{"question": "What specific roads give Alphabet City its name?", "paragraph": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "answer": "Avenues A, B, C, and D", "sentence": "Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D , to which its name refers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. <hl> Alphabet City comprises Avenues A, B, C, and D , to which its name refers. <hl> Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan's many neighborhoods are not named according to any particular convention. Some are geographical (the Upper East Side), or ethnically descriptive (Little Italy). Others are acronyms, such as TriBeCa (for \"TRIangle BElow CAnal Street\") or SoHo (\"SOuth of HOuston\"), or the far more recent vintages NoLIta (\"NOrth of Little ITAly\"). and NoMad (\"NOrth of MADison Square Park\"). Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem, a city in the Netherlands. Alphabet City comprises <hl> Avenues A, B, C, and D <hl>, to which its name refers. Some have simple folkloric names, such as Hell's Kitchen, alongside their more official but lesser used title (in this case, Clinton).", "sentence_answer": "Alphabet City comprises <hl> Avenues A, B, C, and D <hl> , to which its name refers.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724a92b22cd4dfcfbf07f"}
-{"question": "What type of climate can exist on the leeward side of mountains?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "desert climates", "sentence": " On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. <hl> On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. <hl> The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, <hl> desert climates <hl> can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " On the leeward side of mountains, <hl> desert climates <hl> can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8882b22cd4dfcfc0052"}
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