diff --git "a/reference_files/sentence-test.new_wiki.txt" "b/reference_files/sentence-test.new_wiki.txt" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/reference_files/sentence-test.new_wiki.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,3969 @@ +The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam , contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. +With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. + Humid subtropical climates lie on the east side continents, roughly between latitudes 20° and 40° degrees away from the equator. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science " named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes. +High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture . +Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. +Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services ( YouTube, Dailymotion ), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. +Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King , explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. +In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. +Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. +The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). +Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. +The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AFŽ), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. +Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. +The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long , may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. +Some acronyms are chosen deliberately to avoid a name considered undesirable : For example, Verliebt in Berlin (ViB), a German telenovela, was first intended to be Alles nur aus Liebe (All for Love), but was changed to avoid the resultant acronym ANAL. +A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them "tins", while speakers of American English call them "cans" or "tin cans". +J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( a quarterly philosophical review) , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: "The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition." +Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize. +This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China . +In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. +Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts . +At the onset of winter , the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia – Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed] +Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States. +Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. +Other languages, such as C and Lisp , do not distinguish between functions and subroutines. +Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. +Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum . +This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution . +There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed ). +91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. +Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (" The Royal Road "). +The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. +Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist , and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. +The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier . +A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda, a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter because of "circumstances beyond their control," including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment. +Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women. +Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. +According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. +The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory . +One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. +The last year of medical school consists of the so-called "practical year" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). +lower the transition temperature well below 0 °C (32 °F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin. +The Armenian Church instead adheres to the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria , considered as a saint by the Chalcedonian Churches as well, who described Christ as being of one incarnate nature, where both divine and human nature are united (miaphysis). +By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training . +Average height went down from 5'10" (178 cm) for men and 5'6" (168 cm) for women to 5'5" (165 cm) and 5'1" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. +He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor "New Angoulême", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoulême in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a "very big river"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita – what is now Upper New York Bay – after Marguerite de Navarre , the elder sister of the king. +Further, there is a subset of the 3rd conjugation, the i-stems, which behave somewhat like the 4th conjugation , as they are both i-stems, one short and the other long. +The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake. +In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors). +Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together. +The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. +An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion. +Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal . +As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary and replace him by "some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades". +Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School , Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. +Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak . +About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. +Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province) , both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. +On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. +The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. +While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. +Bard High School Early College , a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city. +Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope . +Along with several Interandean Valles, they are typically dominated by deciduous woodland, shrub and xeric vegetation, reaching the extreme in the slopes near the virtually lifeless Atacama Desert. +The idea of structure-preserving functions , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. +The convention may choose to endorse a candidate , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office. +The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia. +On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide. +Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the 15th century , where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar. +These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production. +Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism . +For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. +On December 25, 1991 , Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state. +In south India , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed] +Birmingham , the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. +Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974 . +Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. +They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay . +The " fat-soluble " vitamins (A, D, E and K) – which are isoprene-based lipids – are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. +However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. +"E-Week" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. +The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey . +Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15 % of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate. +A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. +It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages . +This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that "the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed" and that "African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe". +All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. + Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air . +In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages . +Nearly continuous frontier warfare during the era of King William's War and Queen Anne's War drove economic and political wedges between merchants and planters. +The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. +Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. +It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900 . +Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions. +Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries , and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. +Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize . +The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. +No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). +It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London . +However, floating ice was additionally observed near Świnoujście harbour in January 2010. +Population -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. +While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). +The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. +While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies . +The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. +As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. +The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. +Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the " New Lights ", as contrasted with the "Old Lights", who disapproved of their movement. +Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. +Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. +In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888 , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude. +Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a clockwise direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere). + In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n be identified with the tuples ( lists ) of n real numbers, +The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range. +Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models. +The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon − a three-vote majority. +Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports . +Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. +The idea of " dual sovereignty " or "separate sovereigns" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that "the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." +The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. +. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. +From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). +The city's leading football club, Oxford United , are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. +Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities . +Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing . +In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. +Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is. +The Silahtarağa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. +The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. +Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. +From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox . +This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. +These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards . +It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year. +Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 19 50s , partly in response to French Existentialism. +The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the " Slave Coast ". +To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution . + Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty , which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). +When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary. +Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man—who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded —had enough land to support a family. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +The state is divided into 169 towns , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. +In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as "hermana" [ sister ] plus the surname of her husband. +The British elite , the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. +The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943–45. +The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year. +They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves . +The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument. +Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa , Ontario. +They can be initiated from the centers of authority ("top-down") or from individuals, localities or regions ("bottom-up"), or from a " mutually desired " combination of authorities and localities working together. +Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong like the El Castillo pyramid at Chichen Itza shown above. +Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen , but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. +Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide. +It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities . +The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature . +This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes , and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). +These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season . +Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands . +In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations . +In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. +The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management . +Decentralization may be uneven and " asymmetric " given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. +The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, "some simple name like 'Republican' +Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname . +Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a " skid row ". +Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy , with 50%/50% being the most common. +90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. +The C21 subclass includes the progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids . +In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. +The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas , as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). +The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate . +In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. +40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen . +It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK , which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. +After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006 , for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. +In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. +Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States: +The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952 , hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. +The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. + Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core "kernel". +A "penalty shot" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a "breakaway" . +Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party ( the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary ) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium). +The settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte (or Rotta, as it was then known, from rot, 'muddy' and a, 'water', thus 'muddy water' ) dates from at least 900 CE. +In general, n Cartesian coordinates (an element of real n-space) specify the point in an n-dimensional Euclidean space for any dimension n. These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes. + When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles , rather than rain or snow. +The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of φ to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is ....∃.z.(.z.=.x.+.1.)...{\displaystyle \exists z(z=x+1)}.., which is again logically valid. +Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance , and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments. +The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects , including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. +Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease ; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable. +Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. +More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. + From 1892–7 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra. +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +Monin and Miller ( 2001 ) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials. +The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest. +Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rhéaume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero. +The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. +Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. +The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. + On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. +On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition) , the last DOS-based version of Windows. +In 1983 , Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). +Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. +On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly. +Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. +Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces . +Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. +In 1795 , the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). +Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. +A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: "One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. +Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. +Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. +In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5 , whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2. +Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. +Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. +In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a "steady, slow trickle" of escapes from these camps. +Many prestigious private prep schools are located in Manhattan, including the Upper East Side's Brearley School , Dalton School, Browning School, Spence School, Chapin School, Nightingale-Bamford School, Convent of the Sacred Heart, Hewitt School, Saint David's School, and Loyola School, along with the Upper West Side's Collegiate School and Trinity School. +A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. +Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30°N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s . +Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion ( RHS ) of the implication — e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). +Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. +While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states . + Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s. +Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule "in civil things" and "liberty of conscience". +Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). +By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). +Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010 , on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre – Cowley – Blackbird Leys). +Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic. +Facing leadership challenges from the "Forward" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. +Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). +A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key , which is now universal on modern saxophones. +New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia , by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS. +However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo . +In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung für Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. +In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors. +In its normative sense, "morality" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. +The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). +Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. +This tradition may come from the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American flag bearer did not. +The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. +The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley and barring cyclonic storms originating from the Bay of Bengal.[citation needed] +To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. +Jonathan Edwards , perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. +a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. +The present Cuban government of Raúl Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing . +In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogotá Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names. +The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity . +Marxism–Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s , when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). + Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. +Those teams, coached by the innovative and legendary Naismith Hall of Fame inductee "Doc" Carlson , were led by National Player of the Year and Hall of Famer Charlie Hyatt. +Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease . +When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory .[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. +In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system , which has districts that follow the old county territories. +The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is "inflected" to express different grammatical functions . +Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. +Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. +While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. + The typical traditional definition is that only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field . +This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly . +Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria , yellow fever, and malaria. +Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance , and the issue has lost much of its political potency. +Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. +In 1763 , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. +The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms . +Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office , which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions. +The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view. +During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. +The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. +Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC , squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. +Both of these fatty acids are 18 -carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. +From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards. +Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. +On 31 May 2007 , the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing "profound regret" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. +Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. +The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. +In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. +The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La Géométrie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students . +National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. +The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. +During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing —such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad → RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company → AT&T). +This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons’ points of view and to grasping others’ feelings . +According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project . + Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. +Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. +English sentences like "everyone loves someone" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like ∀x∃y L(x,y) . +The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. +In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 × 3 ft. or 4 × 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 × 4 ft. or 5 × 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 × 5 ft. or 6 × 10 ft. (1.667) . +Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire , New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area. +By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720 . +During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. +The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. +Some programming languages, such as Pascal , Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. +With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. +Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning " teacher of medicine ", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. +That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y) . +In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee . +Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems , respectively. +Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. +Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. +Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs. +In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain , despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country. +Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, +They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been. +Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctor ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as "doctor" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. +After 1945 , the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. +At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men .[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). +Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. +The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. +He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia . +This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. +The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the "Carnival Cup." +The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. +Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic. +In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. +Cornell University 's +This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York. +A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). +On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009. +The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication . +The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. +Organizations started to develop in the 1920s , such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. +In 1945 , the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. +The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities—the Northern Mariana Islands , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): +Human Rights Watch ( 2010 ) identified emancipated teenagers in California as a new homeless population. +A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x ∈ X and y ∈ Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. +The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers . +At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. + The term 1 in 100 year storm describes a rainfall event which is extremely rare and which will occur with a likelihood of only once in a century, so has a 1 percent likelihood in any given year. +During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing—such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad → RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company → AT&T ). +It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong . +However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. +Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. + The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry. Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. +In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion. +A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X × Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. +that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography . +Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that "de" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands . +It publishes The Sunday Times Bestseller List of best-selling books in Britain, and a list of the "100 Best Companies to Work For", focusing on UK companies. +The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. The "Book of Epistles" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. +Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005 , is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. +To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. +The most recent case was in early 1987 , which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. +Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Perón had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Perón, but not if he was known as Juan Perón Duarte. +The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil . +Darüşşafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade , providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language—German or French. +In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y ( Spanish ) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dalí i Domènech. +Angola, Benin, the Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) all became Marxist–Leninist states between 1969 and 1980 . +The three heavier members are volatile molecular compounds, whereas the tetrafluoride is polymeric . +If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.). +The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave . +In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name ("last name") is placed after the personal or given name ("first name"). +Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m) . +Home and Professional were later accompanied by the "Media Center" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the "Tablet PC" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). +During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. +In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. +Beyond this seemingly "compound" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries . +Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative. +The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived , with the 'ker' (Marathi) or 'Kar'(Konkani) suffix, for example, Mumbaiker, Puneker, Aurangabadker or Tendulkar, Parrikar, Mangeshkar, Mahendrakar. + A steppe is a dry grassland. +approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. +The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities—the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): +Income inequality , expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. + Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March . +Smaller drops are called cloud droplets , and their shape is spherical. +In Vermont , Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. +The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. +The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the " Carnival Cup ." +In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. +Because of the topography, buildings in Beyoğlu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps . +Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding. +The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991 , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. +Thus the British Navy captured New Amsterdam (New York) in 1664. +Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . +About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. +The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. +Animals that provided milk , such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. + Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image ; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. +According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. +Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline – mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. +District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. +A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that "familiarity breeds sympathy" and greater support for addressing the problem. +A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. +The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians . +The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs . +Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. +For example, Simon Blackburn states that "apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system , and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels". +Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. +For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives , and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively. +There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features . +The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840. +On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. +On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. +Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead , tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. +Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. +The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. +These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guipúzcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logroño, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime façade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay .) +From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others . +From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. +The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. +Some historians consider the Kočevje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. +Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. +Analysis of operations. Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. +Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the "Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists. " Therefore, many Marxist–Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. +Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. +Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). +In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. +An example would be the surname Pazmiño, whose members are related to the Paz y Miño, as both descend from the "Paz Miño" family of five centuries ago . +The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978 . +One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse. +Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns . +shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it ). +The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F , has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. +If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing). +In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored. +After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. +They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop . +Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. +Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. +A nascent telephone system began to emerge in Istanbul in 1881 and after the first manual telephone exchange became operational in Istanbul in 1909 , the Ministry of Post and Telegraph became the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone. +This component of the name is called a nisbah . +The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. +At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory . +Central governments themselves may own large tracts of land and control the forest, water, mineral, wildlife and other resources they contain. +Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe , during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. +By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. +Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up . +During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. +The edition also contains a weekly "Scottish Focus" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. + In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole , or north. +Drum and bass is usually between 160–180 BPM , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130–140 BPM. +Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbahçe S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most Süper Lig championships. +Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. +Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions. +In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. +The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. +Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. + The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113 , cited above. + In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on the windward side of a mountain than on the leeward or downwind side. +High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake. +The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. +Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with "cockroach landlords" exploiting the new immigrants. +Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. +A study conducted by Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde in 2004, found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system with Service Pack 1 lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised, and an unprotected and also unpatched Windows Server 2003 system was compromised after being connected to the internet for 8 hours. +Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image . +Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK , Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC). +The Old Right sharply attacked the "Second New Deal" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. +Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. +Since 1920 , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. +By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. +Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue. +Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as "G-spec" (for " government specification ") flags. +In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. +The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker , flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business. +From 1942 till after 1944 , they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. +New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall . +Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. +For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. +Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide . + In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship , which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. +They then appeared in Egypt from 872 and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter. +Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009 . +the Eastern and the Western cultures about morality. +The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment . +In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. +The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. +Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class. +The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house . +"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse." +They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another . +With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function. +It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. +Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. +The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. +The above definition of "a function from X to Y" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a "function" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. +Humans consequently evolved "pro-social" emotions , such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors. +A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. +The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. + Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands . +President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. + There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. +Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher. +At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University – Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery , Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine–William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan. +The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year." +The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): +The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a " D+ " on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020. +Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. +Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts. +Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders . +As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. +The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. +Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts. +In 1526 , the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. +The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water . +Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. +It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P . +Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. +Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a " skid row ". +The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. +In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. +Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville , as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. +However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. +The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses +If morality is the answer to the question ' how ought we to live ' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. +The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. +The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. +Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. +Women also lost most control of their property when marrying. +Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. +The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. +A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years. +The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. +Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect Peter Eisenmann in Chora L Works: Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman. +A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified. +The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735 . +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism , a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society. +In 1907 Eben Appleton , New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead.(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. +None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. +With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of Užice in 1941. +By 1874 there were nine breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere. +These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728–29) by William Byrd , which however was not published until a century later. +may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. +Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. +In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. +Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE . +The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. +The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as "progressive reforms" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly "public utilities" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. +The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States – it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s . +The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama , the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. +The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal , on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. +The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya , Lebanon. +In 2005, companies based in Istanbul produced exports worth $41.4 billion and received imports totaling $69.9 billion; these figures were equivalent to 57 percent and 60 percent, respectively, of the national totals. +Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company. +The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011 , although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate. +The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables . +Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. +Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). +First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects . + Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse. +The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the consumer -oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors. +Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. +The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the codomain . +Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as "Oxenaforda", meaning "Ford of the Oxen" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work "Chronicon ex chronicis"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. +Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. +Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. +The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. +The PSC's members full designations are " Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China " (中国共产党中央政治局常务委员会委员); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (常委), with the term Ruchang (入常) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. +As of the 2005–2006 season , a minor penalty is also assessed for "diving", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. +In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted , and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. +Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship . +The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral , that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. +In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States. +The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. +In 1968 , an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and "[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' +In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children . +To gather intelligence, agents of the western Allies were infiltrated into both the Partisans and the Chetniks. + There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas , which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. +Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War. +In both China and Russia , lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities. +Marxist–Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie , and the old intelligentsia. +The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur . +Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. +However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android , which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. +The Andean condor , the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities. +In 1816 , a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. +The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league—the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)—in 1904. +.Peano arithmetic and Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. +"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse." +The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature . +.Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a "false dawn" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East. +The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) , both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. +Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 – 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. +Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. +This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s. +Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 – 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. +The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. +However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it " postmodernist ", especially practitioners of "French Theory". +The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation . +Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops . +The name "Connecticut" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut , meaning "place of long tidal river." +Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. +If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself , causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. +Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. +Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland. +Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community . +Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. +In 2013, a Central Florida Commission on Homelessness study indicated that the region spends $31,000 a year per homeless person to cover "salaries of law-enforcement officers to arrest and transport homeless individuals — largely for nonviolent offenses such as trespassing, public intoxication or sleeping in parks — as well as the cost of jail stays, emergency-room visits and hospitalization for medical and psychiatric issues. +It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ tinne ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English). +It is common to divide the symbols of the alphabet into logical symbols, which always have the same meaning, and non-logical symbols , whose meaning varies by interpretation. +Philosopher David Hume stated that, "the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere." +It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002 , Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. +About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. +First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( 1773 ). +Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards , which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. +In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, "In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened." +Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. +Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. +While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa. +However, Windows 2000 , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. +Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. +The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. +Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656 , and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. +Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). +In English, although the usual order of names is "first middle last" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to " last, first middle," with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. +For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. +The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook . +Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. +Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. +The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m)* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. +As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. +Marxism–Leninism supports universal social welfare . +The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's "Timeless")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. +According to numerous decisions of the United States Supreme Court, the 50 individual states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions.[citation needed] The 13 original states Thirteen Colonies declared independence from the British Empire in 1776 . +Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter. +In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. +This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. +On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or "PL 111-22"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. +They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 – 23 years after joining the Football League. +Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves . +The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671 . +The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina , in 1735. +The adipocyte, or fat cell , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. +Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. +Further, Gallup reported that: "Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March. +In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. +The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16 . +Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. +In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. +The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). +One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion , which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). +Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: "The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia." Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase "national church". +The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. +A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere . +A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. +UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland . +The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. +Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). +A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: "All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans , with a view to that object." +From 1999–2000 until 2003–04, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to "open-up" the game. +The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy , with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. +The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year." +Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. +Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems . +Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. +The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. +Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's. +Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. +The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers. +Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament. +After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force. +Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps. +The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic ; they led to the "First International Tin Agreement" in 1956, the first of a.continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. +Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. +Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. +Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing "known criminals" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. +Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. +At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare . +In cold conditions, β-tin tends to transform spontaneously into α-tin, a phenomenon known as "tin pest". Although the α-β transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 °C (55.8 °F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 °C (32 °F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin. +Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. +A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013 . +The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). +Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. +In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed] +In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. +In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. +Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains . +Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170–180 range . +During the English Civil War , Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. +Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664." +In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. +As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. +The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. +The whole procedure takes around eight minutes . +The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate. +A particularly rich s ource of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. +Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. +The writings of Pliny the Elder (23–79) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: +Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side . +Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism . +That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999." +This hellenization led to the addition of "Y" and "Z" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. +Beşiktaş J.K. , established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. +In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. +Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word , in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)‍—‌an abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters). +The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton. +On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging "with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians." +Generally, any locale north or west of Interstate 84 receives the most snow, during a storm, and throughout the season. +Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on civic holidays like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day. +Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. +Hockey is an "off-side" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby. +Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. +Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport . +A similar game ( knattleikr ) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. +Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. +This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector . +They have been used for their biocidal effects in/as fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, wood preservative s, and antifouling agents. +Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2–1–2, 1–2–2, and 1–4 . +Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy , and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1] +Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French . + Ideally, the contract should contain an ' Entire Agreement ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. +In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces . +In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition "de" (of) . +In other cultures the surname is placed first , followed by the given name or names. +The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club , champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. +Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. +The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe . +The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227–229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission. +Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. +Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. +The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining. Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits, which may contain as little as 0.015% tin. +The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. +During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642 , after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. + This function will be referred to as the "color-of-the-shape function" . +No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). +.In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as "the Croatian miracle." +Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. + When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band. +However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders . +The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030 , an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. +This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China . +First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. +With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. +The major commercial application of organo tin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. +However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004 , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012. +As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003 , were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been. + For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house ) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. + It allows the use of sentences that contain variables , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. +The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). +Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. +They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. +In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas . +These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. +On September 21, 1938 , the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. +There are many historically significant places in Manhattan: Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement. +In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. +High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years. +The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal , is also based there. +This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s . +Structural engineering depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads. +The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. +The Holland Tunnel , connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. +The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922 ; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. +First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the Löwenheim–Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem. +John Watkins Chapman suggested "a Postmodern style of painting" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. + The idea of an optional federal charter was first raised after a spate of solvency and capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers in the 1970s. +Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. +Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983 . +Structural engineer ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. +Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials. +New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons—more than all of the other colonies combined. +The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (스카이, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). +At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. +Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. +Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud , who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance. +Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective , and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. +Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington ) for battle—which would later benefit the American Revolution. +Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. +This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger . +The U.S. economy was severely impacted by the subprime mortgage crisis and the resulting 2007-2009 recession. +Unlike first-order logic , for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. +Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided . +Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows . +An example would be the surname Pazmiño, whose members are related to the Paz y Miño, as both descend from the " Paz Miño " family of five centuries ago. +The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s . +In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. +In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. +Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. +At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). +Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A . +In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline. +Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30° S and 38°S in the with a break in trend at 33° S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline. +The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin , Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war. +Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate "locally.” +A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. +There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km²). +In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis , it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. +Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. +The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. +Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. +Since the organization of the Northwest Territory in 1789 , all areas not admitted to the United States as States were under the direct control of Congress as organized incorporated territories, with some political autonomy at the local level. +Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. +Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon . +Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. +An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque . + In 1886 , the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising "challenges" to the existing champion. +A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group. +They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake , private creation of standards usually is better because "regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs." +She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). +Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996 , introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +Those insufficient size studies are the basis for all domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry, since the few large enough studies there are always find individuals with the brain changes thought to be associated with a mental condition but without any of the symptoms. +A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at Ožbalt . +If t is a term and φ is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then φ[t/x] (often denoted φ[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in φ. + In different programming languages , a subroutine may be called a procedure, a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram. +Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. +It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. +The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building . +It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. +In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. +They fled England and in America attempted to create a "nation of saints" or a "City upon a Hill": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe . +The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University . +Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. +At the end of the War for Independence in 1783 , the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States. +On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer . +Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine . +Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies . +New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789 , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. +Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. +Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. +Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step — absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. +Oxford is the junction for a short branch line to Bicester, which was upgraded to 100 mph (161 km/h) during an 18-month closure in 2014/2015 - and is anticipated to be extended to form the East West Rail Link. +Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization . +For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee , which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. +The more "recent" argument of a "moral shift" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an "ideological" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. +These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. +The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. +When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. +⟨ae⟩ and ⟨oe⟩ also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in aēnus [aˈeː.nʊs] "of bronze" and coēpit [kɔˈeː.pɪt] "began", and ⟨au ui eu ei ou⟩ represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cauē [ˈka.weː] "beware!", cuius [ˈkʊj.jʊs] "whose", monuī [ˈmɔn.ʊ.iː] "I warned", soluī [ˈsɔɫ.wiː] "I released", dēlēuī [deːˈleː.wiː] "I destroyed", eius [ˈɛj.jʊs] "his", and nouus [ˈnɔ.wʊs] "new". +Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States : +The sharp recession of 1981–82 proved to be quite harsh on the tin industry. +With the Suddeten agreement in 1938 , Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. +Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. +Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other. +The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. +The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. +It is also known as first-order predicate calculus , the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. +A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. +Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation : +Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. + Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). +Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs. +This distinguishes it from propositional logic , which does not use quantifiers. +It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837 ), graduated and later taught at WUP. +British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. +Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011 . +Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania. +In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. +Small early attempts—such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke—often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. +In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. +A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. +Works in the technique are described as "in relief ", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is "a relief". +The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. +The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept ‘decentralization’ describing and elaborating on the "who, what, when, where, why and how" factors in any process of decentralization. +Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus . +In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). +Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk Górecki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. +In another example, the word "全国人民代表大会" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts : "全国" = +For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( nodes ) and connections (directed edges). +Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother , but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row. +Government spending and taxation decisions ( fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. +Up until the 1999–2000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. +In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. +.Taiwan’s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. +Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as "Mr Mesfin" would be erroneous: the correct term would be "Mr Abraham." Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their "pseudo-surname." + Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000 , including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. +Harold Evans , editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. +The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. +Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. +Parts of the Sunsás Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. +CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001. +At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. +For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire . +Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. +Istanbul-based Zaman , although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. +In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. +In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique . +This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice. +The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game ("zero tolerance"). + In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). +A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually . +On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell . +After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier – "Fresh River") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called "House of Hope" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop). +In her career as 14 time national champ , she broke 6 world records. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis. +The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. +In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. +One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. +In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey , a radical politician. +The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing (very roughly) 9,000 people. +In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act ( 1775 ). +Since July 2010 , the sites have charged for access. +The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. +Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. +A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top "three" parties in the governor's race all became major parties . +The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. +In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: "We cannot continue to blame the white men , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. +Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides . + The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun social democratic political party that had dominated the independent Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1920 and was active in the diaspora, saw the Church and clergy, with its worldwide headquarters at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in the Soviet Republic of Armenia, as a captive Communist puppet, and accused its clergy in the US as unduly influenced by Communists, particularly as the clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet . +It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. " Post-structuralists " were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. +Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis . +In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain ; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. +An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion . +The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. +The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. +Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. +In parallel with this research, work with brain-damaged patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions. +Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and İzmir editions. +Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists , believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). +The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[a] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on the European side of the Bosphorus . +Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). +Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name . +The CHP are generally strongest in the west , where newer residential developments are taking place. +Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. +According to the United Nations Development Programme , it is "more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind." +The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex , and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. +In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA). + The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). +Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, "The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem," where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes . +Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara . + Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks. Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer. +Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. +Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. +The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Aküfi (for Abkürzungsfimmel , strange habit of abbreviating). +IJscolf , a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. +Armenian.religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating "the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion". +Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons. +These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). +The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. +The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 , in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. +Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics. +In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory . +Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features ; for example, Ishikawa (石川) means "stone river", Yamamoto (山本) means "the base of the mountain", and Inoue (井上) means "above the well." +No theory of structures existed , and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. +A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC) , which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. +Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. +The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. +A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (" cloud forests ") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. +Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War. +The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. + His proposed " Tiger Bay Village " would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. +The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam. +From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall ), with nine different buildings holding the title. +As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). +Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. +In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodnooslobodilačka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. +Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. +In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. +.Taiwan’s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. +Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8 , 8.1 and RT except Single Language). +Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey , Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. +The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial "winners" of the "Pokey Awards" for slowest service in New York City . +The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. +The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically . +It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665–66. +But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection . +After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917 , the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. +In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal. +Beams and columns are called line elements and are often represented by simple lines in structural modeling. +There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league. +However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. +There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization . +First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. +In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries , thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler. +Georgia was established on strict moralistic principles . +They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses , at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. +If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes. +The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens. + Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. +Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. +The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility "through revolution, or through consent of the States ." +Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. + Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. +In 1625 , construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. +Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts , published by Oxford University Press. +The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. +The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. +Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. +The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. +Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 μm in diameter) freeze. +The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax , a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. +Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction . +After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement . +It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge . +Marxism–Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism , the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist–Leninist run states and classical Marxism. +Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery . +The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use . +Philosopher David Hume stated that, "the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere." +Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. +Extended support ended on April 8, 2014 . +The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. +While the city ranks as world's 5th -largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. +There is a significant runtime overhead in a calling a subroutine, including passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller . +Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. +The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and "clutching and grabbing" among players were commonplace . +In comparing corporate taxes, the Congressional Budget Office found in 2005 that the top statutory tax rate was the third highest among OECD countries behind Japan and Germany. However, the U.S. ranked 27th lowest of 30 OECD countries in its collection of corporate taxes relative to GDP, at 1.8% vs. the average 2.5%. +By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months . +Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. +It is most commonly used in the United States . +Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem. +Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. +During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing—such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad → RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company → AT&T). +The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. +By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being , respectively. +Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). +The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia . +Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. +In those at really low risk it is not recommended . +It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists , which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. +Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin , is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. +Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. +Neurons are cells specialized for communication . +Tin is also used as a negative electrode in advanced Li-ion batteries. +Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. +Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004 , when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. +Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, "which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world", enjoy "among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world ".[c] +Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. +The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive . +Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. +Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. +The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league— the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) —in 1904. +However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations , preferring "PC's, TV's and VCR's". +Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game. +Gülhane Park and Yıldız Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces— Topkapı Palace and Yıldız Palace —but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. +The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later. +The "last battle of World War Two in Europe", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14–15 May 1945.[citation needed] +Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x) . +The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements . +Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city. +As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram . +The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). +All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. +Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. +The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday , a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the "e-ball finale" on Saturday evening. +Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. +In 2002, activist and youth advocate Carl Siciliano founded the Ali Forney Center—a homeless shelter in New York City that is dedicated specifically to providing aid and shelter to homeless and at-risk LGBTQ youth. +Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol . +Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s . +The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501 . +Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. +The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors . +Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m²) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot ( 16 m ) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making. +TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically. +The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived "tails" by ester linkages and to one "head" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. +Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available. +In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year) +A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms . +The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt , William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as "progressive reforms" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly "public utilities" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. +This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. +The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. +The city was captured by the English in 1664 ; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. +However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers. +The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. + If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance . +Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity , both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). +In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. +Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis. +Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. +All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. +A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. +Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall . +Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call , which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address. +Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. +The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time . +Since the 1920s Republicans have generally been opposed by labor union organizations and members. +The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). " No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. " As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. +The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. + The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it ; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. +The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965 , well after acronym had become common. +Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. +Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. +London DJ/producer C.K. says, "It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called " garage house " existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music." +The goal of Marxism–Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. +As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. +Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. +The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. +Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. +Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation , and republicanism that led to the American Revolution. +The relationship between "town and gown" has often been uneasy – as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355 . +Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014 , with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. +In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy . +In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as " hermana " [sister] plus the surname of her husband. +On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. +There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives , though the government usually synchronises election dates. +Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun). +The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. +The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. +Prior to the 2005–06 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line , with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. +A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations . +There has been considerable exploration of different timbres in the bass line region, particularly within techstep. +Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. +For below the line, voters will be required to write at least their first 12 preferences. +A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. +Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies . +Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic . +Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft . +A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. +In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery . +Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body—the Provincial Parliament—and an appointed Executive Committee. +Indian surname s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. +Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. +Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. +The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example. +For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. +The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. +The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe . +A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. +A bas-relief (" low relief ", French pronunciation: ​[baʁəljɛf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. + However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. + This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. +In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. +It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S. , such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. +The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. +In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s , etc. +Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). +Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal ) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. +The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8 % over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. +Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times , New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. + Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein . +The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. +The name "Connecticut" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning " place of long tidal river ." +Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. +Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in Çengelköy, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies —the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days. +Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England , the English settlers of Jamestown, and the "worthy poor" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. +Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. +Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. +Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military. +There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates. +In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. +Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. +Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the "Nevada Triangle", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. +But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the "streaming" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight. +The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. +Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. +opposition to that which is good or right ), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles. +Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. +The BBC's "urban" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. +The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT ), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates. +All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL) +Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver—that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. +Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 °C or 23 °F) between the water surface and the air above . +This subgenre was known as "hardcore" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music , were referred to as "jungle techno", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just "jungle", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. +Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. +These may be a simple first name such as "Wilhelm," a patronymic such as "Andersen," a matronymic such as " Beaton ," or a clan name such as "O'Brien." +The more likely source of the nickname "Constitution State" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787 , during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. +The construction of the New York City Subway , which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. +Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. +At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943 , it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). +The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena , which was built in 1910. +Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. +In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. +Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. +Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative . + The most commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude ; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. +Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009 ; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. +The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by René Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. +After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. +Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the Beyoğlu, Beşiktaş, Şişli and Kadıköy districts . +While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. +The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists . +The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. +Diversity.Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. +Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population +The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes , including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft). +Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. +All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. +Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions. +In international competitions, the national teams of six countries ( The "Big Six" ) predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. +Examples include the Kopassus (Komando Pasukan Khusus; Special Forces Command), Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak; Frogmen Command), Kodim (Komando Distrik Militer; Military District Command—one of the Indonesian army's administrative divisions), Serka (Sersan Kepala; Head Sergeant), Akmil (Akademi Militer; Military Academy—in Magelang) and many other terms regarding ranks, units, divisions, procedures, etc. +The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin . +Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. +In Ethiopia and Eritrea , a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. +Screening ECGs ( either at rest or with exercise ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. +To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum. +In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective . +In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. +.Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands . +Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union. + This process is known as the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen process . +Many mixing points begin or end with the " drop ". +Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. +A few studies have suggested that total dietary fat intake is linked to an increased risk of obesity and diabetes . +In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management . +According to Mary Brosnaham, spokeswoman for Coalition for the Homeless, the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg employs a deliberate policy of "active deterrence". +The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse . +On November 6, 1971, "after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision." + Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence , as in the case of the Pétionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin "constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. +At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55 . +Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. +According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). +Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series ; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk—both based in the city—are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. +It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. +The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (" zero tolerance "). +Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant . + Above the line voting greatly speeds up counting which is now done by computer. +As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. +Home and Professional were later accompanied by the "Media Center" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the "Tablet PC" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). +When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes , during which time senators must go to the chamber. +Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s . +Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. +As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically . +The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. +Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence . +The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. +Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. +In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe . +Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . +In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle ; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. +Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. +Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. +It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665–66 . +In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. +A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol "plenty of Islam" because the city was called Islambol ("plenty of Islam") or Islambul ("find Islam") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. +The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) , was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. +Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree . +The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991 . +The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): +Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007. +A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. +The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop , a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. +Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed] +Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. +American scientific activity was symbolized by David Rittenhouse , who constructed the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, New York lieutenant governor Cadwallader Colden, botanist and anthropologist, and Dr. Benjamin Rush, the celebrated physician and social reformer and member of the American Philosophical Society founded by Benjamin Franklin, who had contributed important discoveries to physics such as electricity, but was more successful in his practical inventions such as stoves and lightning rods. +In China, the claim that Mao had "adapted Marxism–Leninism to Chinese conditions" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term "Mao Zedong Thought" (commonly known as Maoism ) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). +Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule. +The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. +These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns . +A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada. +The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side , and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. +Advancing technology may allow decentralized, privatized and free market solutions for what have been public services, such utilities producing and/or delivering power, water, mail, telecommunications and services like consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing and detection and metering technologies for highways, parking, and auto emissions.[clarification needed] However, in terms of technology, a clear distinction between fully centralized or decentralized technical solutions is often not possible and therefore finding an optimal degree of centralization difficult from an infrastructure planning perspective. +The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. +Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. +However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites , and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. +NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. +The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides. +Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. +In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax "holiday" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing. +Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. +Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War . +Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1) , so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. +Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. +The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. +Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer) . +As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life .:116–121 +Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. +During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic ) societies based in built-up villages and towns. +Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example. +Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris , were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. +Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved "neck" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. +Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold , shouting "Gold! +Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. +Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. +Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel : William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's. +In English, although the usual order of names is "first middle last" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers , the order is changed to "last, first middle," with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. +With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. +Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with "cockroach landlords" exploiting the new immigrants. +The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. +After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. +The loss of Penn Station—called "an act of irresponsible public vandalism" by historian Lewis Mumford—led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the "city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage". +In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name ("metal worker"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. +Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search. +The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. +The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). +These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes – either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs . +Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs ) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. +"Washington," for instance, is thought to mean "the homestead of the family of Wassa," while "Lucci" likely means " resident of Lucca ." +Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote , is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. +Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC ) +The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west , and are generally 60 feet (18 m) +Armenian.religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating "the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion". +Using cut stone to build their houses, German and Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania followed the way of their homeland and completely ignored the plethora of timber in the area. +If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it , or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. +The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. +Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft. +During the Classical period, long vowels, except for ⟨I⟩, were frequently marked using the apex , which was sometimes similar to an acute accent ⟨Á É Ó V́ Ý⟩. Long /iː/ was written using a taller version of ⟨I⟩, called i longa "long I": ⟨ꟾ⟩. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron ⟨ā ē ī ō ū⟩, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: ⟨ă ĕ ĭ ŏ ŭ⟩. +Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever , asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. +Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. +By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 ) +Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, +He also attempted to promote the name " Nova Roma" and its Greek version "Νέα Ῥώμη" Nea Romē (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. +The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. +The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade . +There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field , for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. +Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic. +Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code . +Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk Górecki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. +A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanitätsoffizieranwärter). +Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step — absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. +Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. + Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. +In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as "NT OS/2". +There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. +President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: "The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. +Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans. +Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. +This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in "Agricultural Origins and Dispersals", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture. +The B♭ soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist . +By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the "boys' clubs" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. +A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia ; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. +In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output. +However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula φ(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic , however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as .....Σ..1...1.....{\displaystyle \Sigma _{1}^{1}}.. also enjoys compactness. +Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. +The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage – undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities. +The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. +The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. +The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15° to 20° counter clockwise and clockwise respectively . +The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze , an alloy of tin and copper. +Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. [citation needed] +The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. +Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. +Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. +The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. +While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was " a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words ", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer. +Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation ("NYCEDC")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport , a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. +Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring . +The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation. +Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. +It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis . +Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries . +Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces . +The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute . + Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth. +For example, Doug Bandow, former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan , criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush "decision is treason" as well as how many Bush defenders charged "critics with a lack of patriotism". +On 20 October , the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. +When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as "Schweinmann" ("pig man") or "Schmutz" (a variant of "filthy")) by the local registrar . +Nobel Prize–winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide . +One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease , among others (Irving 1993). +The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. +Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( Atlas, Delta, Titan ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). +For example, the Old English element tūn may have originally meant "enclosure" in one name, but can have meant "farmstead", "village", "manor", or "estate" in other names. +SnO2 is amphoteric , which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. + The most commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude ; and E, polar. +Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on . +The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. +Home and Professional were later accompanied by the " Media Center " edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the "Tablet PC" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). + The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio , or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. +With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola , coastal African leaders "generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens." +In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. +The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. +Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Eminönü . +With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. +Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event , such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. +Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and “for the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.” +The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or "The Consolidated," became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. +For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikrit i, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. +In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. +Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute . +Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000 . +In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. +Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush . +This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Božidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy . +These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. +Subroutines, often collected into libraries , are an important mechanism for sharing and trading software. +Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control. +its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. +The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. +Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense. +Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: 美国; traditional Chinese: 美國; pinyin: Měi guó . + When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets . +During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. +To define a function, sometimes a dot notation is used in order to emphasize the functional nature of an expression without assigning a special symbol to the variable . + Insurers in the U.S. may be "admitted", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner , and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling. +U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. +There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem . +By 1630 , Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. +The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840 . +The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. +Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. +While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen . +The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). +Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth . +Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions. +However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924 , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic. +In the years 2005–2011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. +This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world , since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, "Paz y Miño" might be inadvertently mistaken as "Paz" for the paternal surname and "Miño" for the maternal surname. +Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term borough for what the Census terms county-equivalents in those states. +The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war. +Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers. +Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. +Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. +Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890 . +With a PPP-adjusted gross domestic product of US$301.1 billion, Istanbul ranked 29th among the world's urban areas in 2011. +Almost a century later (609–610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. +All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). +The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality λ has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to λ . +Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism . +On March 3, 1875 , the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. +In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand Départ of the 2010 Tour de France. +In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. +Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in) , depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. +For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers . +Low relief may use any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting being most common. +In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. +The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003–04 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams . +Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line. +According to one definition: "Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels." +Istanbul has three major shipping ports—the Port of Haydarpaşa, the Port of Ambarlı , and the Port of Zeytinburnu—as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. +Minor parties appear below major parties , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear. +These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. +In 1989 he founded "Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. +For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, scientific planning replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy. +When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( parameters, return address, and local variables ) of each procedure +I t is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. +Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007 . +The earliest bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of less than 2% and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore. +Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. +Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, "which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world", enjoy "among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world".[c] +Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone . +The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree , and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc). +In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. +This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010 . +There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. + However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames , according to euphony, social significance or other reasons. +In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion. +The 1944-1945 killings in Bačka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. +After Istanbul's Haydarpaşa Terminal opened in 1908 , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. +The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. +In Egypt, from the late Middle Kingdom onwards, the brain was regularly removed in preparation for mummification. +A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. +Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas , for which derivations can be constructed separately. +It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. +In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. +On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. +The altitude ranges from 40 m at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mt. Iso Peak near Mao Songsong. +Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody . +As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005 ). +There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre . +Connecticut retained land.extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve . +The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria ) throughout the war, but especially from 1943–45. +Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. +The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney , lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. +Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams , he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. +The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007. +Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. +The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959 . +Then about 97–98% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. +The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u , is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ūs. +They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 – 23 years after joining the Football League. + There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir . +Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin , while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. +Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable . +Death caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in low- and middle-income countries as over 80% of all global death caused by cardiovascular diseases occurred in those countries. +Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. +The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire . +Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea , divides the city into a European, Thracian side—comprising the historic and economic centers—and an Asian, Anatolian side. +Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: "A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. +Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect. +Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown , and they were independent political entities. +After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662 . +As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). +The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park , The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's "Timeless")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. +The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths . +Under the Köppen climate classification, using the 0 °C (32 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40°N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. +The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. +One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. +Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease. +Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable , much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. +Teams outside the "Big Six" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team. +George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. +Recent archaeological research suggests that in some regions such as the Southeast Asian peninsula , the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturalist was not linear, but region-specific. +The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): +The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids . +Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from ), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. +University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). +An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: "[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53% , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. +A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island . +[that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery". +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +Marxism–Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. +Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. +Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side—comprising the historic and economic centers—and an Asian, Anatolian side. +On July 22, 2009 , Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. +Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead . +It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied , which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. +In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform . +Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players – Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations ( Indians ) + The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive. +Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942 , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. +.Subroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence —a series of instructions—at each call site. +In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa . +Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch . +Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. +The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism . +Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. +In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. +Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. +The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. +The Interior Department has a wide range of responsibilities (which include the regulation of territorial governments, the basic responsibilities for public lands, and other various duties). + Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing "sculpture in the round ". +Marxism– Lenin ism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. +According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. +Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006 . +At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns . +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to "significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed." +The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute memory protection. +Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles. +Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats , which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. +An example is a random number function , available in many languages, that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called. +Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names . +The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army , like the M24 Mauser rifle. +For example, Doug Bandow , former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush "decision is treason" as well as how many Bush defenders charged "critics with a lack of patriotism". +These were managed via the "People's committees ", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. +The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625 . +Unemployment can be measured in several ways. +They were being assisted by local civilians , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed] +The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future. +The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of φ to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is ....∃.z.(.z.=.x.+.1.)...{\displaystyle \exists z(z=x+1)}.., which is again logically valid. +The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina , at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. +However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. +Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare. +Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary. +In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a "Best Neighbor" for positive impact on its urban community , including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the "Saviors of Our Cities" ranking. +Lenin repressed opposition political parties. +In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. +In 2001 , the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be "(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System." +The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul—albeit in ruins—is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque ), which was built in 454. +The neighborhood of Balat used to be home to a sizable Sephardi Jewish community, first formed during the period of the Spanish Inquisition. +the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days. +Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect. +Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed. +Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt. +It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP. +The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5% ), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). +Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. +A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. +Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. +This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. +Around 44% of homeless people were employed. +Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. +The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system. +The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension. +In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. +By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against , the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. +Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships. +The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. +In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. +The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. +Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school . +By 1995 , whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass. +Organotin compounds , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin–carbon bonds. +In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships . +A classic real-world example of this is the name of the predecessor to the Apple Macintosh, The Apple Lisa, which was said to refer to " Local Integrated Software Architecture ", but was actually named after Steve Jobs' daughter, born in 1978. +According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church , with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863. +High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs , are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. +The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC). +Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican . +Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. +The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. +Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. +The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as ....→...{\displaystyle \to }... +Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship . +This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses. +The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word "cordel", meaning "rope" . +Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders. +Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation. +The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910. +In its normative sense, " morality " refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. +Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. +. In the first decades of the 20th century , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. +In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University . +Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts . +During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow , who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. +The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. +The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street . +This is not the case , however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. +Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. +Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis . +The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. +A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, "practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life . +Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer . +After the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. +In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as " Digital Empire ", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). +The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election. +The first subdivision of the United States is the state. +Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. +IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection—such as the tropics —and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. +High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5% . +A grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the Cistercian Order ; and friars of various orders (Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Augustinians and Trinitarians) all had houses of varying importance at Oxford. +The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb , is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. + Using [ longitude = −73.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2π , and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = +Indian surname s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. +During the Great Recession, 8.5 million jobs were lost from the peak in early 2008 to the trough in February 2010. +During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. +The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system . +While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). +However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834–1911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904–1911. +The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries . +Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009 . +Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. +In some states, particularly in New England , towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely. +However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. +From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. + In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics. +Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860 . +The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor . +Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press. +The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate ( 36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). +Diversity .Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. +One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998 ; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. +In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. +He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as Tronik House in 1991–1992. +Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries . +They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. +Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th. +This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. +They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression. +Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. +Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. +Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A , Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence. +Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. +. Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits. +Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkapı Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. +Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor . +High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. +To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as "GF" (girlfriend), "LOL" (laughing out loud), and " DL " (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. +The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. +For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables . +During winter, fast ice , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. +Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. +Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley , which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California. +Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). +In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language , although the typologists are apt to say "inflecting". +In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping , leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries). +A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons . +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. +The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia. +This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700 , and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. +However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it " postmodernist ", especially practitioners of "French Theory". +For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( nodes ) and connections (directed edges). +Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. +In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name ("last name") is placed after the personal or given name ("first name"). +The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area . +Facing leadership challenges from the "Forward" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912 , to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. +Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: "All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object." +Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. +In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition , an updated version of Windows 98. +Two more allotropes, γ and σ, exist at temperatures above 161 °C (322 °F) and pressures above several GPa . +Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion , while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually. +The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by René Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. +Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . +Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops , dating back to 11,000 BP. +The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. +Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers , serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt. +Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize. +The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children . +Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR) , named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. +The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility " through revolution , or through consent of the States." +Another common example is RAM memory, which is redundant because RAM ( random-access memory ) includes the initial of the word memory. +A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change . +The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. +The composition ....g.∘.f...{\displaystyle g\circ f}.. is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g . +The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk , standing for "French Connection United Kingdom." +The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane. +Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. +In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. +The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law ; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. +The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities, the accumulation of goods and tools, and specialization in diverse forms of new labor. +During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. + Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation . +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +A surname or family name is a name added to a given name . + A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. +The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. +The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption . +Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world , with most concentrated in its big cities. +The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or "The Consolidated," became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. +If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected." +Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006. +Parts of the Sunsás Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.. The Sierras de Córdoba , where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. +The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. +Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. + Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116% . +Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. +The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul. + However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons. +Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent ( LHS ) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication — e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). +Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympics—in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020—and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully. +They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. +Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land. +The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. +A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse ("Stock Exchange Traverse"), better known by its informal name ' Koopgoot ' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). +In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. +The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections . +In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames . +There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /ˈdʒeɪpɛɡ/ +In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. +The "last battle of World War Two in Europe", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14–15 May 1945.[citation needed] +This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod ( son of Lewis ) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed] + Although four- and higher-dimensional spaces are difficult to visualize, the algebra of Cartesian coordinates can be extended relatively easily to four or more variables , so that certain calculations involving many variables can be done. +Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. +He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. +The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. +About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. +In the Philippines , the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. +They are almost always cable or fabric structures . +Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference. +"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River . +This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions , which return without making any procedure calls themselves. +The highest was the flood of 1872 when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnemünde and a maximum of 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) above sea level in Warnemünde. + About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. +Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. +Children take the surnames of both parents , so if the couple above had two children named "Andrés" and "Ana", then their names would be "Andrés Gómez Reyes" and "Ana Gómez Reyes". +The " Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing " initiative was a collaborative grant offered jointly by HUD and the Department of Labor (DOL). +One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties. +With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames. +Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. +Other major organizations devoted to neuroscience include the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) , which holds its meetings in a country from a different part of the world each year, and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS), which holds a meeting in a different European city every two years. +According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself. +However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade , wrote: +The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008 .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since. + If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing "out of the page" towards the viewer or camera . +In 1994 , the Zamboanga Medical School Foundation was founded. + Stratus is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. +The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip . +If t is the term "x + 1", the formula φ[t/y] is ....∃.x.(.x.=.x.+.1.)...{\displaystyle \exists x(x=x+1)}.., which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of φ to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is ....∃.z.(.z +The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders , with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. +As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, "swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards ". +Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. +Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. +The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. +During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world . +Since the 1990s , a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. +Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides . +The foul of "boarding" (defined as "check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. +Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered . +CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. +Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. +The small tree Cinchona pubescens , a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. +A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium . +The Sunday Times has its own website. +This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers . +In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (" Lordship over the Baltic Sea "). +Marxist–Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. +However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms " only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters ". +The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. +Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. +Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. +By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks . +Thus they would write f−1[B] and f−1[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton. +In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (대학수학능력시험, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (수능, "S.A."). +Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms , though they are rarely seen in "sunk relief" and are usual in "bas-relief" and "counter-relief". +[that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery ". +In common with other newspapers, The Sunday Times has been hit by a fall in circulation, which has declined from a peak of 1.3 million to just over 800,000. +By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists ) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. +By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). +More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby İzmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. +The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. +In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. +Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. + Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. +In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. +However, the Advantage program itself was consciously advanced by the Bloomberg administration as an alternative to providing long-term affordable housing opportunities for the poor and working class. +Darüşşafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. +A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. +In south India , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed] +In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany. +Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. +A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars , can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests ("cloud forests") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. +As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. +The state furnished 55,000 men. +The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense . +The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. +Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. +Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as "unrepresentative swill". +The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. + The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /ˌbɑːrɪˈliːf/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements . +With Allied air support ( Operation Flotsam ) +After the unification of Germany in 1871 , the whole southern coast became German. +Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garsoïan as "probably the most crucial step in its history." +a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-κB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. +These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Chocó, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey. +Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. +Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls. +These developments—re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968—are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. +No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). +Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. +Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong . +The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities—the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): +Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called "head contact"). +James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. +According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself. +It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. +Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025 . +Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids , derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. +Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. +Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. +Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. +Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed] +It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in . +The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. +During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 °C (84 °F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. +The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. +Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). +. No first-order theory , however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. +Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. +New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia , and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS. +Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. +Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. +There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority , Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. +Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90 % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament. +Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch ) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. +Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems . + Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization. .It has been called the "new public management" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation. +In 1929 , Stalin seized control of the Party. +After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). +Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation ." +At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). + In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the "latest fashion" in development administration. +An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: "a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account." +There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. +Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation . +The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. +Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. +Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded . +Abdi İpekçi Street in Nişantaşı and Bağdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts. +The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. +The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. +In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. +Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. +In 1961–2, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin–Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh–Nagumo model . + These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass , and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. +In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. + She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men "lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy". +Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the Øresund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). +The idea of "dual sovereignty" or " separate sovereigns " is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that "the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." + Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system. +Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. + Two processes , possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. +These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season . +For those aged 20–54, the rate of employment fell . +Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics. +In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the "Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service", ATOVS is "Advanced TOVS", TOVS is "TIROS operational vertical sounder" and TIROS is "Television infrared observational satellite". +The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by Christopher Robert , an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. +Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. +She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer . +Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. +A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. +At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. +They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). +Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. +The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. +Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass. +Unlike all but one other state ( Rhode Island ), Connecticut does not have county government. +By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 "Kroomen"—experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. +At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009. +The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname "Gateway to Europe" , and, conversely; "Gateway to the World" in Europe. +In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. +In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name ("metal worker"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. +Fons Trompenaars , author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. +The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. +The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both , thus turning each axis into a number line. +Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as "G-spec" (for "government specification") flags . +For example, a square root function might be defined to operate on reals, complex values or matrices . +These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland . +They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. +The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks. +The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. +The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. +Beginning in mid-1918 , the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as "war communism", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. +The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple , that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. +The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology. +The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. +The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton. +The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. +Born around the same time as jungle , breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. +In 1825, John Franklin wrote "The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. +A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear .[b] +Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation , and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. +In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity . +This is considered one of India's "sensitive areas", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. +For instance, a plano-convex lens , which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source. +"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2½ months. +It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. +Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders. +Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. +It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed] +The indigenous Native American population was around 150,000 ; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California. + On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating . +From the late 1940s and early 1950s , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. +The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans . +The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier . +Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife . +The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. +The Levant followed by Mesopotamia are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC. +Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. +Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps , a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine. +The Cathedral is "cut off" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending . +Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. +In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dalí i Domènech. +It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes , under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. +Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries . +In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale . +One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically , as follows: +Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders . +The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. +Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote . + Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc . +With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the "four-official system," where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee . +In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence. +It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in. +Occupational names include such simple examples as Smith (for a smith), Miller (for a miller), Farmer (for farm tax collectors or sometimes farmers), Thatcher (for a thatcher), Shepherd (for a shepherd), Potter (for a potter), and so on, as well as non-English ones such as Eisenhauer (iron worker, later Anglicized in America as Eisenhower) or Schneider (tailor). +Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A ⊆ X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. + The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. +Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. +There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults. +Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. +The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. +Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740 . +One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ) , the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. +This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic . +Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. +Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism , and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue. +The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert. +This type of system is called an afocal system , since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. + The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. +Friedan described this as "The Problem That Has No Name" . +According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). +These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs . +The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union . +There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: "Connecticotian" – Cotton Mather in 1702. " Connecticutensian " – Samuel Peters in 1781. +As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically , it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995–1997). +The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age . +Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees , rather than with the strings being parsed. +The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model. +As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. +Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. +Conflict resolution. Economic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. +It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union" ) bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. +Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres ( 28.1 in ). +It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features . + Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called " showers ." +Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. +A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. + Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year. +The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. +The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004. +There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: " Connecticotian " – Cotton Mather in 1702. +Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons . +A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health . +However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula φ(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as .....Σ..1...1.....{\displaystyle \Sigma _{1}^{1}}.. also enjoys compactness. +However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. +Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in 2009 , or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. +Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans , members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. +In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany. +It did not resume until November 1979 . + The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates , or a combination of both. +However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between "socialism" and "communism", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. +Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. + Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces. +Examples include "Morgenstern" ("morning star"), "Safire" (" sapphire "), and "Reis" ("branch"). +The morphology, molecular identity , and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest. +This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul. +Counties and county equivalents may be further subdivided into townships . +Windows 3.0 , released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. +Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0) . +The Latin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead , and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE—the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or "white lead". +Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone , forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. +In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. +Melatonin is a pineal gland secretion and it is shown to be able to lower total cholesterol, very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of rats. +These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes – either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. +Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments , bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. +A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually. +The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use . +In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals . +Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety . +In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a "free school'" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. + Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics , are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. +Trotskyists claim that Marxism–Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. +Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River, with death toll estimates ranging between 300 and 700 Pequots . +Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. +It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object . +The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. +In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania . + Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation . +Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. +These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing ), and property ownership[citation needed]. +Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses . +In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. +Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. +Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 °C (450 °F) , which is further reduced to 177.3 °C (351.1 °F) for 11 nm particles. +In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court , Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, "In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened." +A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. +The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm , with an average temperature of 18 °C (64 °F) in Colombia. + 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates. +The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut. +In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia ( Narodnooslobodilačka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. +The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors , while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins. +But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the "streaming" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight. +The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. +Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. +At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). +In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. +In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). +A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells. + Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections , thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression. +Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized "welfarist" policy of entitlements which now has become a "post-welfare" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization. +Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. +It also built on its reputation for investigations . +A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. +New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. +The Lion Brewery was converted into luxury apartments in 2002. +A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. +It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. +The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage – undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities. +Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company. +Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed . +Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter . +A simple lens consists of a single piece of material , while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. +An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. +The MD degree is typically earned in four years . +In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. +Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System . +paternal ) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. +Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue , are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. +More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed , (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self. +The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. +Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. +At the outset of World War I in 1914 , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. +A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. +The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. +It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion. +After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. +Pera (from the Greek word for "across") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyoğlu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). +An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers. +In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals . +Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. +Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula . +When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras , named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. +The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base . +Most skate's width are about an 1/8 of an inch thick . +By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin . +While Mayor of Denver, Colorado , Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper made dealing with the issues that underlie homelessness a top priority on his Mayoral agenda, speaking heavily on the issue during his first "State of the City" address in 2003. +In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. +It is a central tool in model theory , providing a fundamental method for constructing models. +By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees. +Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze . +In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler . +Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name . +Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844 ) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing "hurly on the long pond on the ice". +During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth . +Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium, Fenerbahçe's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and Türk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. +There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800 -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter. +There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. +After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism–Leninism. +The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion. +In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality . +The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). +In July 2013, NYSE Euronext , the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association. +For example, it is possible to create axiom systems in second-order logic that uniquely characterize the natural numbers and the real line. +In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. +In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead.(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. +At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. +The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. +A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white. +Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). +Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. +Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue. +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. +The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: "offside", "icing", and the puck going out of play. +The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States. +Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989 , it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006. +In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after "de". +An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the " two-line offside pass ." +Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. +Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981 , established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. +As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. +This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. +The " foibe massacres " draw their name from the "foibe" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) +Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. +They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because "regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs." As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy. +Although summer s are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. +As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party . +The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. +In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name ("last name") is placed after the personal or given name (" first name "). +.Peano arithmetic and Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. +Territories incorporated within the provisions of the U.S. Constitution are designated incorporated territories . +It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches . +Hüseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010. +Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant . +To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y- Miño . +A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. +Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae ( a major cause of pneumonia ) +In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque . +Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. +This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (López or Lopes, son of Lopo; Álvarez or Álvares, son of Álvaro; Domínguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc. +Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed] +Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input. +Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. +Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. +These questions include how signals are processed by neurites – thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials ) – + According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. +Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries . +In 1874 , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. +The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as "ComCruDesPac". +Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan. +By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused . +Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that "outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired." +Swedish [ tenn ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). +When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m³) of material was excavated from the site. +Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. +Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco , but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. +It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. +The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization . +Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine, called "Professional Doctorate in Medicine" validated by the " Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran ". +Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). +Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B 4 . +By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business , and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. +The concept of a "surname" is a relatively recent historical development , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a "byname". +In 1874 , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. +The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program . + The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone , brings rainy seasons to savannah climes. +The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). +This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded. +After he explored this region in 1614 , Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier – "Fresh River") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called "House of Hope" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop). +The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates. +These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as "Schwartzkopf," " Short ," and possibly "Caesar," and names based on temperament and personality such as "Daft," "Gutman," and "Maiden," which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning "effeminate." +The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. +The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. +However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. +Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat. +The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. +Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. +In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise. +Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. +The simple isoprenoids ( linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc. ) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. +In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years . +Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north–south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east. +Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. +It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep . +Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus. +The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to , and vice versa. +Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons , which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. + Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject. +After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s , the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism–Leninism. +Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30° S and 38°S in the with a break in trend at 33° S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline. + Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season. +According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Eth ics, religion and morality "are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with ea ch other. +Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. +The "relative" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's "white" . +Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. +As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. +The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. +In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. +The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel , inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. +Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. +The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics . +As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate , with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. +Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg , (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players – Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a "Long War for the West" over control of the region. +Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007. +Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems . +By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed "retrofitted memory." +Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. +As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. +The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject. +Friedan stepped down as president in 1969 . +The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the "People's committees", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. +Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx). +Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings , more often used low relief. +Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. +The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or "Locked Out." After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. +During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013 , which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. +Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. +The name İstanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [isˈtanbuɫ] (listen), colloquially [ɯsˈtambuɫ]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase "εἰς τὴν Πόλιν" (pronounced [is tim ˈbolin]), which means "to the city" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. +National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km ( 167 mi) away from Imphal. +Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. +Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city. +Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with "Manipureshwar", or "lord of Manipur", and the British discarded the name Meckley. Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825–34) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name. +There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively. +While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. +Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. +The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed] +Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. +a change to its charter in 1819. +In Chile , marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. +Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston , and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. +For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. +However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability . +She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer. +A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, "In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies," and "In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and "theistic" Portugal. [d] In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. +If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (−x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis) , as if that line were a mirror. +The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849. +As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England . +The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. +Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease , begins in childhood. +The last year of medical school consists of the so-called "practical year" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). + Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal . +The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, Süleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries . +Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models. +Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads). +The eye of the "Long Island Express" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. +Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation . +It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan ). +Full Language Packs , which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). +John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories – such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. +In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name. +In Hawaii, Mount Waiʻaleʻale, on the island of Kauai , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). +As historian John Thornton remarked, "the actual motivation for European expansion and for navigational breakthroughs was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities" . +Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company , the first investor-owned electric utility. +Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul . +The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011 , is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. +These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses , and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. +Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. +. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases. +Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of "utopian socialism" and individualist anarchism. +(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. +According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16 % identify as leaning Republican. +They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined. +According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets in the 2013–2014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012–2013 season; attendance in 2013–2014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012–2013 season's 11.57 million. +For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)). +F or a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. +Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. +These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semič , while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. +In Spain , a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. +They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. +With an even number of Senators retiring at an election, it takes 57% of the vote to win 4 out of 6 seats, which may be insurmountable. +The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. +The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. +Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. +Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road , rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. +On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI , was killed), Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. +In 'Postmodernist Fiction' ( 1987 ), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology. +The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and often the sole designer . +This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. +Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or "inne," several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism . +They can be initiated from the centers of authority (" top-down ") or from individuals, localities or regions ("bottom-up"), or from a "mutually desired" combination of authorities and localities working together. +Ethics (also known as moral philosophy ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. +The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support . +The same name may appear in different cultures by coincidence or romanization; the surname Lee is used in English culture, but is also a romanization of the Chinese surname Li. +Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages. +The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. +In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as "The A," is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. +This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution – it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949. +The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. +There are systems weaker than full first -order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable. +Connecticut has large Italian American, Irish American and English American populations, as well as German American and Polish American populations, with the Italian American population having the second highest percentage of any state, behind Rhode Island (19.3%). +The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. +Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration . +Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform , allowing automated downloading of the news section. +Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters. +The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin . +For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate , which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. +Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. +After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin (1204–1261), and the Ottoman (1453–1922) empires. +The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College , founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. +Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful . +To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated , for instance, as Paz-y-Miño. +In their fourth year , students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. +The 2–1–2 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. +Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012. + The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns . +The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empire s; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. +Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very "high" version of high-relief , with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. +Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbahçe based in the Anatolian part of the city. +Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists. +Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper . +The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely , able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. +The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. +At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street , completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. +The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969–70 , when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. +By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 ) +These may be a simple first name such as "Wilhelm," a patronymic such as " Andersen ," a matronymic such as "Beaton," or a clan name such as "O'Brien." +[but became,]in the end, an extension of centralization." In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called “Decentralization” for a French journal which reviewed the dynamics of government and bureaucratic centralization and recent French efforts at decentralization of government functions. +.It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer , logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. +The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry . +On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs . +Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. +In 1952 , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin–Huxley model. +A record was set on December 11, 2010, when the University of Michigan 's men's ice hockey team faced cross-state rival Michigan State in an event billed as "The Big Chill at the Big House." +The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, "fabulae mirabiles," are intended to garner popular interest in the language. +The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver . +In Vermont, Jim Jeffords , a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. +In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. +Beyoğlu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. +In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League , a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. +It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed] +The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina. +(This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) +In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. +Akmerkez was awarded the titles of "Europe's best" and "World's best" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. +Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated , and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains. +The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, " The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem " at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view. +This degree typically requires between four and six years of study and clinical training, and is equivalent to the North American MD degree. +In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). +As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions , and trace its path to these points on screen. +Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable. +In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q . +The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. +Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). +Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social , religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. +Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces . +The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B♭. +Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms . +For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice , because the two calls may return different results. +He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. +While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation ( vitamin E, vitamin C , etc.) +The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into "census areas"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). +Feyenoord , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. +British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. +Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. +Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. + Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice . +In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its "The Top 100 Global Universities." +Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. +After ratification the Convention entered into force on 17 January 2000 . +Almost a century later ( 609–610 ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. +struts and ties ). +There were often "country" and "court" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. +Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic , may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). +President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. +The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women. +Lying 790 meters above sea level , Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. +Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire . +Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property . +."One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women , to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions." +The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi) . +The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Ustaše militias and the German army.[citation needed] +Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. + The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument. + According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD . +In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: "We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. +The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan , would grow to become a major world city. +Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). +a two-thirds majority in each house. +Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. +Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015. +Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. +On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. +Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature. +A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences "Socrates is a philosopher" and "Plato is a philosopher". +A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort. +In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. +It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name "Windows", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985 . +Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL. +About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. +The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone. +The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. +Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. +For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence . +In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. +Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. +The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for " French Connection United Kingdom. " The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word "fuck." +For example, if "(José) GARCÍA Torres" and "(María) ACOSTA Gómez" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo García Acosta . +Eventually cows were brought with the horses. +But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs)." +the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied. +The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area. +Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. +Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the " Nevada Triangle ", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. +Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought , although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. +It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. +Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both . +For example, the main gauge, the unemployment rate, can be falling (a positive sign) while the labor force participation rate is falling as well (a negative sign). +Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. +He argues that the African economic model of the period was very different from the European, and could not sustain such population losses . +Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape . +The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block . +For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. +The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford . + Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core "kernel". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. +The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. +There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /ˈdʒeɪpɛɡ/ and MS-DOS /ˌɛmɛsˈdɒs/ . +In this letter, he asked for a " Quarter Cask of the Public Wine " as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. +Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. +These entities form the domain of discourse or universe , which is usually required to be a nonempty set. + If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. +The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000–10,000 people, of which approximately 3,000–5,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. +Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. +In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country. +In February 2009 , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. +Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. +After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans . +that the universe exists independently of human consciousness , consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism–Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. +There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year. +Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. +He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. +The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. +The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide. +They can be initiated from the centers of authority ("top-down") or from individuals, localities or regions ("bottom-up"), or from a " mutually desired " combination of authorities and localities working together. +The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. +In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851 , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. +A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. +The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are "squashed" flatter . +Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. +They define morality as " a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups ." +At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. +Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea . +Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions . + During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired. +For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /ˌjuːˌɑːrˈɛl/ and /ˌaɪˌɑːrˈeɪ/, respectively; or as a single word: /ˈɜːrl/ and /ˈaɪərə/ , respectively.[citation needed] +On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. +At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. +Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. +President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: "The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality... +Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification] + For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company. +The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. + However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. +Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable . +In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be "(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System." +The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins. +When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values. +In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America , a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition "de" (of). +Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. +No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before' . +The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries. +Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. +This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family , to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. +Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. +The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La Géométrie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students. +The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division , had suffered significant casualties, and required support. +The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools . +Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5% . +When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance , since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. +In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country . +Galleria Ataköy ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. +In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it " New York " after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. +During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend—through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine—anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. +Many towns center around a "green," such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). +The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal . +From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. +In Virginia , cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. +This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial "exploration of the Atlantic" as "a truly international exercise , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs." +Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in Çengelköy , and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies—the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. +Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. +On this understanding, moralities are sets of self-perpetuating and biologically-driven behaviors which encourage human cooperation . +This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant . +On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2. +A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. +The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. +Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels . +. In the first decades of the 20th century , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. +The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs . +Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (한국교원대학교, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (교원대, "Big Ed." or "Ed.-U"). +They can be initiated from the centers of authority (" top-down ") or from individuals, localities or regions ("bottom-up"), or from a "mutually desired" combination of authorities and localities working together. +The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. +As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party. +If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature , the lens is equiconvex. +Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. +As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain . + Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall ; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover. +Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan. +The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee . +Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders. +The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943–45. +This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment . +Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis . +In 1876 , the first game played in Montreal was reportedly "conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. +Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. +Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. +Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood . +an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic. +The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise . +South Carolina produced rice and indigo . +The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). +It is during this era, in 1867 , that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. + Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro. +As the event rate is higher in men than in women , the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. +The history of Windows dates back to September 1981 , when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. +Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind , many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called "boarding"). +In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. +Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent . +The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia. +Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. + Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. +Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data. +In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA). +This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism. +In 1969 , Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. +In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. +When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning . +São Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as "sambass", with its specific style and sound. +A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions. +Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides ." +Feyenoord , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. +In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive , but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads. +Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep , the first engineer in history known by name. +New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS. +Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease . +Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area . +Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper. +In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. +Under Andrew Neil , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. +Many towns center around a "green," such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). +In the notation ....g.∘.f...{\displaystyle g\circ f}.., the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order . +The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940 ; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. +The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN Türk there in 1999 . +According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. +Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault , close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. +After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). +The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. +Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent , with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. + From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768 . +Towns and towns hips are subdivisions of counties. +In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. +Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality ; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy. +Atatürk Olympic Stadium , the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. +In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogotá Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names. +German Drum and Bass DJ +The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation. +The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. +.Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism . +The 1944-1945 killings in Bačka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists , and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. + Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups . +Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). +The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new . +At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions . +The establishment of Constantinople served as one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity . +Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015 , Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency. +In 1971 , WLIB became New York's first black-owned radio station and the crown jewel of Inner City Broadcasting Corporation. +Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names , and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed] +From the 1670s several royal governors , notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. +During World War II , the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. +Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. +Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony , which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson. +The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps . +Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of "one vote one value". +It mentions that Leah Esguerra , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. +In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) , +The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. + Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). +Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans. +The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic . +Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest , where they draw support from social conservatives. +The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. +Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. +In telephone directories the surname is used for collation . +Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle , and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. +The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises "exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. +Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights) , second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. +They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the Åland Islands . + The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space . +Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very "high" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth . +In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. +However, the "flower flag" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: 花旗参; traditional Chinese: 花旗參; literally: ' flower flag ginseng ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as 花旗银行; 'Flower Flag Bank'. +The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides. +Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Kočevje, the 120 -member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. +A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. +Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. +Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. +Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams’ book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before. +Istanbul has three major shipping ports—the Port of Haydarpaşa , the Port of Ambarlı, and the Port of Zeytinburnu—as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. +Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for "Year 2000" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k—not K, which stands for kelvin). +For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis . +Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. +The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on March 3, 1875 . +Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. +Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands , are subdivided into municipalities. +Murdoch 's +For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. +Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. +It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. +Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. +If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format . +In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union . +For instance, using a magnifying glass of 5 cm focal length, held 20 cm from the eye and 5 cm from the object, produces a virtual image at infinity of infinite linear size: M = ∞. But the angular magnification is 5, meaning that the object appears 5 times larger to the eye than without the lens. +North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. +In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. +The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. + Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C♯, B, A, G, F and E♭) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. +The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. +This is the case in Hungary , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China. +Unemployment can have adverse health effects. +Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles . +As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity. +Structural building engineering includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings. +Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. +Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. +The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets . +Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass ) in order to produce a flat surface. +Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. +Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement . +International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889 , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. +Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution. +For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. +The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin , is increasing rapidly. + Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C♯, B, A, G, F and E♭) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. +The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. +Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s. +Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev -style political liberalisation. +Using just the two quantifiers ∀ and ∃ and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. +Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. +Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. +This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution – it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949. +The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. +After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662. +Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia , do not have any additional subdivisions. +Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania , the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the "worthy poor" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. +Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed] +Although New York County is the United States' second-smallest county by land area (larger only than Kalawao County, Hawaii), it is also the most densely populated U.S. county. +If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.). +By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war. +The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense. +Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. +In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II , who granted liberal political terms. +The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing. +To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation , in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. +Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations . +It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write "Defence of Fort M'Henry", later known as "The Star Spangled Banner", which is now the American national anthem. +Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge , the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs—the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. +Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more. +This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindström's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward Löwenheim–Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order. +Inconveniently long words used frequently in related conte x ts can be represented according to their letter count. +Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. +The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. +The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting – much of it by its award-winning Insight team – and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. +It is not uncommon for acronyms to be cited in a kind of false etymology, called a folk etymology , for a word. +However, it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen , for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the British Conservative Party, whose surname is "Duncan Smith". +This technique is used in practice but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic . +Although some surnames, such as "London," "Lisboa" or "Bialystok" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in Ó Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway . +In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied ; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals. +It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide . +After obtaining the first postgraduate degree , that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. +At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire . +Tectonic forces above the subduction zone along the entire west coast of South America where the Nazca Plate and a part of the Antarctic Plate are sliding beneath the South American Plate continue to produce an ongoing orogenic event resulting in minor to major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to this day. +By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels , and was known as a dangerous place to go. +will add an 's' following an apostrophe , as in "PC's". +Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial . +Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality λ has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to λ. +Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada. +The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. +A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. +By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). +Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. +Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring . +The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools , residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. +French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. +The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. +The United States completed the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 , doubling the size of the nation. +The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. +Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. +Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov , William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as "high modern"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster. +It was brought by missionaries to Manipur in the 19th century . + Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the Pétionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin "constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction" following a partial collapse of the three -story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. +As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament , secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced. +Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. +During August 2012 , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. +With Allied air support ( Operation Flotsam ) +Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull. +With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders "generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens." +Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: "increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships ." +The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital , stands not far from the Hippodrome. +Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms . +The present Cuban government of Raúl Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. +Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull . + Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. +In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word "ball" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. +The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston , South Carolina, in 1735. +Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor . +These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. +The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression. +Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. +Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. +The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. +After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing . +In most Spanish-speaking countries , the custom is for people to have two surnames. +The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. +the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. +In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. +William Penn , the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. +The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. +Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic . +The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. +Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942 , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. +There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. +Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word . +As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791 , or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. +In 1898 , when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form "the City of Greater New York", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. +Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. +The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree. +The initial medical schools that granted the ( Doctor of Medicine ) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. +In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith , which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name ("metal worker"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. +Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee , dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. +In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. +Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists). +This method minimizes the work removing the background , while allowing normal relief modelling. +When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Perón, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Perón, but the preferred style was Eva Perón , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva). +The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore . +Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon . + All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga , which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground. + For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0 , since division by zero is not defined. +The New York Knicks started play in 1946 as one of the National Basketball Association's original teams, playing their first home games at the 69th Regiment Armory, before making Madison Square Garden their permanent home. +Vitamin E and vitamin K , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. +The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. +It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. +Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. +Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. +They can be initiated from the centers of authority ("top-down") or from individuals, localities or regions (" bottom-up "), or from a "mutually desired" combination of authorities and localities working together. +Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. +Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905–7 . +The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. +A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor. +Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man—who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded —had enough land to support a family. +The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form . +He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor "New Angoulême", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoulême in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a "very big river"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita – what is now Upper New York Bay – after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king. +The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs. +The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). +The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and the successful completion of an examination , which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva. +Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio . +In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. +the Market Hall , with lots of small retailers inside. +This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2°N . +Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. +In the south, the Bay of Gdańsk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast . +The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas ; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. +The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake. +French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. +Lenses in which both spherical aberration and coma are minimised are called bestform lenses. +Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals . +Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon , Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. +Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States. +The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. +Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. +Ever since he left office in 1989 , Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. +In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. +As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services. +It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British , prior to 1944. +The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis. +For those aged 20–54, the rate of employment fell . +In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including "bandie ball," played in England). +Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a "minor" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding) , as well as for fighting. +The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. +Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. +Manhattan is also home to some of the most extensive art collections in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum. +Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective. +The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. +A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. +The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water . +Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics , sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: "Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations." +The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee , although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. +The chromatic, or linear fingering, saxophone is a project of instrument designer and builder Jim Schmidt , developing a horn maximizing tactile and logical consistency between every interval on the horn regardless of key, and avoiding the acoustic problems associated closed keys below the first open tone hole. +Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game , although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. +Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military. +It holds significant collections of art and archaeology , including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. +Morality (from the Latin moralitas " manner, character, proper behavior ") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper. +The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. +The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist–Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s . +The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. +The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing . +The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. +For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior , and thus is not recommended. +Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka. +The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide. +In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. +The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings. +In 1973 in Chile , the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated. +Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. +A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. +on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified , and in the other it is a valid definition. +The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick Nézet-Séguin ; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. +The set of free variables in a formula of Lκω can have any cardinality strictly less than κ, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. +A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at Ožbalt. +Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. +As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. +In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. +With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. +Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. +Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. +These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. +One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu , which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. +The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966 . +Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. +Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. +The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each , and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. +In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name. +They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources , and have great structural diversity. +There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km²). +London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass , with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential. +The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union – representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities – that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776 . +Sabiha Gökçen International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atatürk. +The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608 , both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands. +Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden . +Sax's patent expired in 1866 ; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. +According to one definition: "Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels." +Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs . +In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name . +A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest , has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada. +However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924 , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic. +After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007 , for consumers. +Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay . +Traditions related to athletics include the "Victory Lights", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements. +In 2009 , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a "Best Neighbor" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the "Saviors of Our Cities" ranking. +In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919 , and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. +Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. +For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating "industrial democracy," a system where workplaces would be "handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . +In 1790 , 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as "rural." +This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms . +Depending on the country, this may require constitutional or statutory reforms , the development of new political parties, increased power for legislatures, the creation of local political units, and encouragement of advocacy groups. +A bas-relief ("low relief", French pronunciation: ​[baʁəljɛf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. +First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. +As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. +It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. +Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. +According to the Hughston Health Alert, " Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey]."[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. +The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. +Humans consequently evolved "pro-social" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt , in response to these moral behaviors. +During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 °C (84 °F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. +So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 − x . +Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. +The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. +There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. +The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there . +Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell . +The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor Fiorello La Guardia and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance. +Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard . +The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and Üsküdar. +They were being assisted by local civilians , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed] +The rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply after the Civil War, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, a gift from the people of France . +Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000 . +For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. +There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions . +Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. +Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist–Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. + The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound , is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium +Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are "almost unknown" . +By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. +The statue stands near the Leuvehaven , not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas. +It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought. +After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924 , followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. +A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. +Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side—comprising the historic and economic centers—and an Asian, Anatolian side. +The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness , rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. +It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. +Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. +The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. +(An example is Claude Lévi-Strauss 's +Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. +These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guipúzcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logroño, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime façade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.) +In 2000 , the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. +Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture. +In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre . +Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria. +In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. +Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. +The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered "other", not part of the people of the ethnic group or "tribe" ; +The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. +Attacks from Croatian Ustaše on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance. +Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes . +The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin , has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. +Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast ) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. +Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party , may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. +The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. +Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. +The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. +The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. +The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex , and often requires a large team to complete. +The logic of this style is that the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme . +where the cultural mix is greater , thus requiring more liberalism. +Further, Gallup reported that: "Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March." +Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid . +This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an "electronic frontier" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. +Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. +By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701 . +The word "Manhattan" has been translated as " island of many hills " from the Lenape language. +Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis . +Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space—that is, for a straight line—involves choosing a point O of the line ( the origin ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. + This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. +There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton , and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. +This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an "electronic frontier" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. +A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at Ožbalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor , there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. +French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as "other" in the patriarchal society. +a corruption investigation , later pleading guilty to federal charges. +The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. +The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): +An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative ; we then say that the line "is oriented" (or "points") from the negative half towards the positive half. +In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. + They also enabled the player to make half-step shifts of scales by depressing one key while keeping the rest of the fingering consistent with that of the fingering a half step away (which could also trip up players used to certain alternate fingerings on a regular saxophone). +It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies ( undergraduate & graduate ). +Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. +The federal government also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. +These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers . +Although surplus line insurers are still regulated by the states in which they are actually admitted, the disadvantages of obtaining insurance from a surplus line insurer are that the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form (that is, not from the Insurance Services Office), and if the insurer collapses, its insureds in states in which it is nonadmitted will not enjoy certain types of protection available to insureds in states in which the insurer is admitted. +It can be accessed without cost. +They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum . +One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames. + At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle . +Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. +This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( 2,450 lb ) of material in 2003. +However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word "hockey" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773 , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. +In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. +The most widespread system in use today is the "three-man system," that uses one referee and two linesmen . +The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). +Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture . +The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). +The wedge and tipping bucket gauges will have problems with snow. +Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. +Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics . +Germany's Düsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting. +On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or "PL 111-22"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. +Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Cañaris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. +These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. +Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders "generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens." +Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981 . +Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. +According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III , the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. +After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). +Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. +In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. +Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( the insurance premium ) +Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. +In 1985 , Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. +These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. +Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents , or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row. +In Argentina , women traditionally used their husband's last name after "de". +The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent . +The club was founded in 2009 . +The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district . +Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph . +. Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox. +It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. +10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. +The city's strong commercial ties to the American South , its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. +Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl−), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. +Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortaköy, Bebek, Arnavutköy, Yeniköy, Beylerbeyi and Çengelköy). +A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter . +The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut . +The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. +The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. +Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870 . +The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. +The Armenian Apostolic Church ([Հայ Առաքելական Եկեղեցի, Hay Aṙak’elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. +Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle , a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. +This is the case in Hungary , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China. +A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. +Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the “Williams thesis” in academia. +Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. +Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. +The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: "Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act—Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities." +The specific point at 18° S where the coastline bends is known as the "Arica Elbow". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30° S and 38°S in the with a break in trend at 33° S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline. +They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. +In 1979 , the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. +For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. +If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X → Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y. This is the case in the ISO standard. +However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification. +The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. +However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic . +Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease , as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia. +Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows ( XP or later ) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). +At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots , when the building was used as a saloon. +In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka . +The La tin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE—the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or "white lead". +Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. +Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces , such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases. +In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping , and the strikers were dismissed. +High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years. +The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks). +The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million . +In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper , the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler. +The curve itself has a big impact on its performance. +In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form "the City of Greater New York", Manhattan and the Bronx , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. + She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men "lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy". +According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male , members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. +The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918 , with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. +The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. +There are no hard and fast rules of classification ; different scholars emphasize different features. +The Monastic Brotherhood consists of the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot . +Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. +In the United States, "ice polo", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches. +The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California . +What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic. +The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. +In the Köppen–Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb) , due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. +The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. +In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name. +A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. +When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. +Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants. +Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority . +An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line "is oriented" (or " points ") from the negative half towards the positive half. +Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships. +In 1968, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and "[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' +Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738 . +In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. +Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water . +Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. +Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. +The substitution rule states that for any φ and any term t, one can conclude φ[t/x] from φ provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. +Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest , spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. +The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866 . +Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic , or high pressures from water or compressed gases. +Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. +The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). +Unmarried and divorced women were far more likely to vote for Kerry in 2004. +Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain , especially if these are clear from the context. +Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 °C (450 °F), which is further reduced to 177.3 °C (351.1 °F) for 11 nm particles . +Among men and women, there are notable differences in body weight, height, body fat distribution, heart rate, stroke volume, and arterial compliance . +Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning , falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. +The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation , and maintains its shiny appearance. +Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. +Connecticut has the highest percentage of Puerto Ricans of any state. +The Fed also tied its actions to its outlook for unemployment and inflation for the first time in December 2012 . +The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility "through revolution, or through consent of the States." +An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers , following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion. +It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite , whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy." +Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a clockwise direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere). +Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. +In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs , but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. +The localization of function hypothesis was supported by observations of epileptic patients conducted by John Hughlings Jackson , who correctly inferred the organization of the motor cortex by watching the progression of seizures through the body. +Ice hockey is believed to have evolved from simple stick and ball games played in the 18th and 19th century United Kingdom and elsewhere. + Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine , contrasted with an open subroutine or macro. +Windows 3.0, released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. +Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. +Much of the Asian side of the Bosphorus functions as a suburb of the economic and commercial centers in European Istanbul, accounting for a third of the city's population but only a quarter of its employment. +Postmodern planning aims to accept pluralism and heighten awareness of social differences in order to accept and bring to light the claims of minority and disadvantaged groups (Goodchild 1990). +Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. +The term neurobiology is usually used interchangeably with the term neuroscience, although the former refers specifically to the biology of the nervous system, whereas the latter refers to the entire science of the nervous system. +The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece. + That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy . +His children, therefore, would inherit the compound surname "Paz y Miño" as their paternal surname, while Estrella would be lost, since the mother's paternal surname becomes the children's second surname (as their own maternal surname). +These factors, along with dispersed settlements and a reluctance to live in villages, together with a growing immigration of white indentured servants and black slaves made families and communities in the Virginia-Maryland region before 1700 fundamentally different from their counterparts in Europe and New England. +Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. +The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s . +The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. +Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. +In English, although the usual order of names is "first middle last" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to " last, first middle," with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. +Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. +Chiltern Railways now connects Oxford to London Marylebone, having sponsored the building of about 400 metres of new track between Bicester Town and the Chiltern Main Line southwards in 2014. +However, it may occur as " silent decentralization " in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. +These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins , which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. +Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. +Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. +Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. +Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads). +The bass lines most notably originate from sampled sources or synthesizers . +The general circulation is anti-clockwise : northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one . +When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners , so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. +The Pequots laid siege to Saybrook Colony's garrison that autumn, then in the spring of 1637 raided Wethersfield. + In that case, each coordinate is obtained by projecting the point onto one axis along a direction that is parallel to the other axis (or, in general, to the hyperplane defined by all the other axes). +As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers. +Friday Nite Improvs , Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. +As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million. +MDCM is from the Latin " Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum " meaning "doctor of medicine and master of surgery". + FENS comprises a set of 32 national-level organizations, including the British Neuroscience Association, the German Neuroscience Society (Neurowissenschaftliche Gesellschaft), and the French Société des Neurosciences. +The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. +Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys . +The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church . +The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. +However, for persons trying to obtain coverage for unusual risks, the choice is usually between a surplus line insurer or no coverage at all . +Australian artist Helen Reddy's song "I Am Woman" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a "feminist poster girl" or a "feminist icon". ."One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women, to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions." +The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. +In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton , launched The Sunday Times Magazine. +Aristotle, however, believed the heart was the center of intelligence and that the brain regulated the amount of heat from the heart . +In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina ). +Key influential postmodern graphic designers include Wolfgang Weingart, April Greiman, Tibor Kalman, and Jamie Reid. +Across the 1,000 km (620 mi) wide Drake Passage lie the mountains of the Antarctic Peninsula south of the Scotia Plate which appear to be a continuation of the Andes chain.[citation needed] +Several Pleistocene glacial episodes scooped out the river bed into the sea basin . +The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War . +When additional universities and art journals were founded in Istanbul during the 1980s , artists formerly based in Ankara moved in. +In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. +Spring and autumn are mild, but often wet and unpredictable; chilly winds from the northwest and warm gusts from the south —sometimes in the same day—tend to cause fluctuations in temperature. +Arsenical bronze objects appear first in the Near East where arsenic is commonly found in association with copper ore, but the health risks were quickly realized and the quest for sources of the much less hazardous tin ores began early in the Bronze Age . +However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans. +Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). +The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier , and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. +In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. +The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. +On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine -player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. +Inikori also notes that after the suppression of the slave trade Africa's population almost immediately began to rapidly increase, even prior to the introduction of modern medicines . +Structural building engineering includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings. +On 10 August in Stanulović, a mountain village, the Partisans formed the Kopaonik Partisan Detachment Headquarters . +Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military. +First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. +For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. +Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. + In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. +The distinction between high and low relief is somewhat subjective, and the two are very often combined in a single work . +They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki ; +It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes . +The number of people in the latter category, called "precariously housed" or "at risk of homelessness", was estimated by means of a telephone survey . +Luis Telmo Paz y Miño Estrella is also known more casually as Luis Paz y Miño, Telmo Paz y Miño, or Luis Telmo Paz y Miño. +Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the "father of television". +Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. +.Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME) , from 8 countries, under 17 brands. +His conclusion is that a " complex relationship " exists between religiosity and homicide "with some.dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it". +Four states (Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky ) call themselves "commonwealths." +Historian Pierre Chaunu termed the consequences of European navigation "disenclavement", with it marking an end of isolation for some societies and an increase in inter-societal contact for most others. +In winter the temperature often falls below 0 °C (32 °F) , bringing frost. +Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. +The AOL National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety Study of October 2004, determined that 80% of Windows users were infected by at least one spyware/adware product.[citation needed] Much documentation is available describing how to increase the security of Microsoft Windows products. +Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July. +Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. +Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. +The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense. +After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study . +At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus . +The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7–9 years . +It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate. +In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. +However, again like other Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Armenian Orthodox Church argues that the identification as "monophysitism" is an incorrect description of its position. It considers Monophysitism, as taught by Eutyches and condemned at Chalcedon, a heresy and only disagrees with the formula defined by the Council of Chalcedon. +During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. +University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. +The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. +The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake. +Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny . +In almost all races , the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. +Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). +These developments—re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968 —are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. +Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland ) and a few Jews in port cities. +In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated. +As a result of Istanbul's exponential growth during the 20th century, a significant portion of the city is composed of gecekondus (literally " built overnight "), referring to illegally constructed squatter buildings. +The Upper East Side has many art galleries, and the downtown neighborhood of Chelsea is known for its more than 200 art galleries that are home to modern art from both upcoming and established artists. +A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. +tributyltin hydride (Sn(C4H9)3H) . + She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men "lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy". +By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave , fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused. +In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island . +Amateur ice hockey leagues began in the 1880s , and professional ice hockey originated around 1900. +In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts : Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). +A deflection is a shot that redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player , by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. +Manhattan is one of the highest-income places in the United States with a population greater than one million. +Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres . + The red circle is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases). + Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth. +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality λ has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to λ. +The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. +The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. +When an application requests higher privileges or "Run as administrator" is clicked , UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given (including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group), start the process using the unrestricted token. +The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: "Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act—Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities." +The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County ) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. +Each brotherhood elects two delegates who take part in the National Ecclesiastical Assembly . +Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. +The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex, and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed . +Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs. +Climate classification systems such as the Köppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes. + Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics . +Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. +The most prominent of the festivals that evolved from the original Istanbul Festival is the Istanbul Biennial, held every two years since 1987 . +When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. +Historian John Thornton noted, "A number of technical and geographical factors combined to make Europeans the most likely people to explore the Atlantic and develop its commerce". +Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel . +A new front of Marxist–Leninist revolution erupted in Africa, with revolutions in Benin, the Republic of the Congo, and Somalia; Marxist–Leninist liberation fronts in Angola and Mozambique revolting against Portuguese colonial rule; the overthrow of Haile Selassie and the creation of the Derg communist military junta in Ethiopia ; blacks led by Robert Mugabe in Rhodesia revolting against white-minority rule there. +As a musical style built around funk or syncopated rock and roll breaks, James Brown, Al Green, Marvin Gaye, Ella Fitzgerald, Gladys Knight & the Pips, Billie Holiday, Aretha Franklin, Otis Redding, the Supremes, the Commodores , Jerry Lee Lewis and even Michael Jackson, are funky influences on the music. +In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. +Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid ) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. +As part of Hebrew patronymic names, Ben is followed by the father's name, e.g. ben adam (Hebrew: בן אדם‎) or Abraham ben Abraham. +⟨ae⟩ and ⟨oe⟩ also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in aēnus [aˈeː.nʊs] "of bronze" and coēpit [kɔˈeː.pɪt] "began", and ⟨au ui eu ei ou⟩ represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cauē [ˈka.weː] "beware!", cuius [ˈkʊj.jʊs] "whose", monuī [ˈmɔn.ʊ.iː] "I warned", soluī [ˈsɔɫ.wiː] "I released", dēlēuī [deːˈleː.wiː] "I destroyed", eius [ˈɛj.jʊs] "his", and nouus [ˈnɔ.wʊs] "new". +Marxist–Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie, and the old intelligentsia. +Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses . +The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). +But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689 , Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. +In Spain, especially Catalonia , the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dalí i Domènech. +The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. +From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). + Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. +In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. +The Pitt Men's Glee Club , founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. +The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. +They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. +Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk . +After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2–4 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected. +The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat , although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. +Since the mid-1990s , Istanbul's economy has been one of the fastest-growing among OECD metro-regions. +The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production , producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921. +The term "anarchist" first entered the English language in 1642 , during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. +The revival of low relief, which was seen as a classical style, begins early in the Renaissance; the Tempio Malatestiano in Rimini, a pioneering classicist building , designed by Leon Battista Alberti around 1450, uses low reliefs by Agostino di Duccio inside and on the external walls. +Research shows that " physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits …reflecting social competence." +These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. +Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. +First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics , +Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. +Christian ity is the religion of 41.2% of the people in the state. +Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as .....Σ..1...1.....{\displaystyle \Sigma _{1}^{1}}.. also enjoys compactness. +It may be associated with pluralistic politics and representative government , but it also means giving citizens, or their representatives, more influence in the formulation and implementation of laws and policies. +Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT -based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. +Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist, and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. +Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. +The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. +The idea of "dual sovereignty" or "separate sovereigns" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that "the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people ." +Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding . +These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion ) for the banking industry. +These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates ( PIPs ), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. +In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as "hermana" [sister] plus the surname of her husband. +From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. +Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986 , is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. +Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious , ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. +By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. +The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. +The input to a function is called the argument and the output is called the value . +Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. +One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. +The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day . +.Each month, The Hamilton Project examines the "jobs gap," which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. +Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. +The state serves as a safeguard for the ownership and as the coordinator of production through a universal economic plan. +Rotterdam is home to some world-famous architecture from renowned architects like Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom, Ben van Berkel and others. +Much of the population consisted of young, single, white indentured servants , and as such the colonies, to a large degree, lacked any social cohesiveness. +Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. +Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries , allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. +The Köppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the Köppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. +On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa . +Influential WQHT , also known as Hot 97, claims to be the premier hip-hop station in the United States. +Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits , which may contain as little as 0.015% tin. +Luis Telmo Paz y Miño Estrella is also known more casually as Luis Paz y Miño , Telmo Paz y Miño, or Luis Telmo Paz y Miño. +The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the codomain. +.Structural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). +Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. +It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. +The colony of Georgia never had an established religion. It consisted of people of various faiths. +The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise . +A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. struts and ties). +The overhead often includes saving and restoring certain processor registers, allocating and reclaiming call frame storage , etc.. +The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) assists in House races, while the National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) does so in Senate races. +* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. +Pitt first sponsored varsity men's basketball in 1905 and became an early national power after winning two Helms Foundation National Championships in 1927–28 and 1929–30 . +Various modelling techniques are used, such repoussé ("pushed-back") in metalwork, where a thin metal plate is shaped from behind using various metal or wood punches, producing a relief image. +Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn , while the least abundant one is 115Sn. +For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as "Picasso" and "Zapatero". +The city centre is relatively small , and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. +Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry , metonymously known as Wall Street. +The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. +A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries , and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found "The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime." +On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area . +Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space—that is, for a straight line —involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. +Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708–48), declared it as the official State religion. +Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 , as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government . +Till 2007, the Government of India and the Medical Council of India recognised the FCPS qualification - since then, this is being done by State Medical Councils . +As of 2015 [update], Oxford has one of the largest urban park and ride networks in the UK. +One thus-derived use of the slang term "tinnie" or "tinny" means " can of beer" . +The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. + Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes; scarlet material to form the red was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers' wives, while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. +Other surnames may have arisen from more than one source: the name "De Luca," for instance, likely arose either in or near Lucania or in the family of someone named Lucas or Lucius; in some instances, however, the name may have arisen from Lucca, with the spelling and pronunciation changing over time and with emigration. +This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis . +The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912 ) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva. +Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis, no original research is actually necessary to write an MD thesis . +For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as "Picasso" and "Zapatero" . +The academic degree Doctor of Medicine ( Dr. med. ) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. +The center takes its name from a homosexual teenager who lived on the streets for much of the 1990s . +Philosopher David Hume stated that, " the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere." +Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. +The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s . +Its first known mention is from the 1773 book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes , to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education, by Richard Johnson (Pseud. +The Löwenheim–Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality λ has an infinite model , then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to λ. +Developments in electron microscopy, computers, electronics, functional brain imaging, and most recently genetics and genomics , have all been major drivers of progress. +As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. +Although the term lipid is sometimes used as a synonym for fats, fats are a subgroup of lipids called triglycerides . +The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party , and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. +It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. +The first English settlers came in 1633 and settled at Windsor, and then at Wethersfield the following year. +Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet ( 4,421 m ), the highest point in the contiguous United States. +Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. +An example is a random number function, available in many languages , that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called. +This large number of stable isotopes is thought to be a direct result of tin possessing an atomic number of 50 , which is a "magic number" in nuclear physics. +In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered . +Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.” +Connecticut's per capita personal income in 2013 was estimated at $60,847 , the highest of any state. +Jonathan Haidt has noted that experimental observation indicating an in-group criterion provides one moral foundation substantially used by conservatives , but far less so by liberals. +Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives . +Towards the end of the medical program, French medical students are provided with more responsibilities and are required to defend a thesis; however, unlike a PhD thesis , no original research is actually necessary to write an MD thesis. +As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary and replace him by "some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades". +The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817. +In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7 %. + In different programming languages, a subroutine may be called a procedure , a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram. +Baseball , Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013. + When the customer writes their check for the premium to "GEICO", the premium is actually deposited with one of those seven insurance companies (the one that actually wrote their policy) . +In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams , nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer). +This transition everywhere seems associated with a change from a largely nomadic hunter-gatherer way of life to a more settled, agrarian-based one , with the inception of the domestication of various plant and animal species—depending on the species locally available, and probably also influenced by local culture. +There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs . +The changes abolished group voting tickets and introduced optional preferential voting, along with party logos on the ballot paper. +Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. +But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent ( 367,000 jobs )." +In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson , and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. +It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s , leaving a permanent impact on American religion. +As of 20 15[update], Oxford has one of the largest urban park and ride networks in the UK. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. +The colonists rejected a puritanical lifestyle and complained that their colony could not compete economically with the Carolina rice plantations . +An example of how insurance groups work is that when people call GEICO and ask for a rate quote, they are actually speaking to GEICO Insurance Agency, which may then write a policy from any one of GEICO's seven insurance companies . +In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. +In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. +This may be caused by the women's smaller body size and arterial dimensions which are independent of menopause . +A number of African kings and merchants took part in the trading of enslaved people from 1440 to about 1833 . +The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium. +The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America . +Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. +Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. +Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount. +Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. +This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'état against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. +The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. +Oxford's prestige was enhanced by its charter granted by King Henry II , granting its citizens the same privileges and exemptions as those enjoyed by the capital of the kingdom; and various important religious houses were founded in or near the city. +Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. +Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. +Overall the demographics differ per city area. +As part of Hebrew patronymic names , Ben is followed by the father's name, e.g. ben adam (Hebrew: בן אדם‎) or Abraham ben Abraham. +In early 2008 , some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country. +In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. +The Levant followed by Mesopotamia are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC . +Traditionally, neuroscience has been seen as a branch of biology . +These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. +For example, Simon Blackburn states that "apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels". +A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences "Socrates is a philosopher" and "Plato is a philosopher". +The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy . +Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. +This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland , many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed] + Some Leblanc System features were built into the Vito Model 35 saxophones of the 1950s and 1960s. +On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers . +It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure . + Alexis de Tocqueville was an advocate , writing: "Decentralization has, not only an administrative value, but also a civic dimension, since it increases the opportunities for citizens to take interest in public affairs; it makes them get accustomed to using freedom. +Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (mode rn-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia. +Manhattan has the only official Italian American school in the U.S., La Scuola d'Italia . +However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders. +In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation . +With hockey pucks approaching them at speeds of up to 100 mph they must wear equipment with more protection. +The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience . +In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. +With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968 , US forces suffered heavy losses. +The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning . +Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. +NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states , but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. +More specifically, the status of "major party" is usually reconfirmed every four years , as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. +The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is "Conn.;" the official postal abbreviation is CT . +It involves seeing multi-level frameworks and continuous, synergistic processes of interaction and iteration of cycles as critical for achieving wholeness in a decentralized system and for sustaining its development.” +Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. +In 'Postmodernist Fiction' (1987), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology. + But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. +The offending player is ejected from the game and must immediately leave the playing surface (he does not sit in the penalty box); meanwhile, if an additional minor or major penalty is assessed, a designated player must serve out of that segment of the penalty in the box (similar to the above-mentioned "two-and-ten"). +He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor "New Angoulême", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoulême in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a "very big river"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita – what is now Upper New York Bay – after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king. +Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. +However, this is still a well-defined function . +Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. +Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: "The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia. " Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase "national church". +Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1 and Windows 8.1 computers from the Get Windows 10 Application (for Windows 7, Windows 8.1) or Windows Update (Windows 7). +Goaltenders wear specialty goalie skates, (these skates are built more for movement side to side rather than forwards and backwards) a jock or jill, large leg pads , (there are size restrictions in certain leagues) blocking glove, catching glove, a chest protector, a goalie mask, and a large jersey. +In the light of political changes and developments in international environmental and maritime law , a new convention was signed in 1992 by all the states bordering on the Baltic Sea, and the European Community. +Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively. +It has been identified as having "inspired some of the most important developments in human history including the invention of the wheel, the planting of the first cereal crops and the development of cursive script, Mathematics , Astronomy and Agriculture." + After an acrimonious family dispute this much-loved brewery was closed in 1998 , the beer brand names being taken over by the Thomas Hardy Burtonwood brewery, while the 132 tied pubs were bought by Michael Cannon, owner of the American hamburger chain Fuddruckers, through a new company, Morrells of Oxford. +The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP . +For instance, the surname Vickers is thought to have arisen as an occupational name adopted by the servant of a vicar , while Roberts could have been adopted by either the son or the servant of a man named Robert. +Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people , who are majority in the state. +In 1895 WUP established its School of Law, and Andrew Carnegie and George Westinghouse were elected to the Board of Trustees, where they joined Andrew Mellon who had been elected in 1894. +While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. +In 1777 , they established a collective government under the Articles of Confederation. + Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro . +The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. +All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms . +After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants —young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. +At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic ( 38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). +In February 2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008 . +The interior consisted of a passageway down the middle of the house with specialized rooms such as a library , dining room, formal parlor, and master bedroom off the sides. +Marxism–Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union , state repression in Marxist–Leninist run states and classical Marxism. +The Leblanc Rationale and System saxophones had key mechanics designed to remedy the acoustic problems associated with closed keys below the first open tonehole. +Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants). +In Russia and Bulgaria , both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andreyevich Sergeyev, that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev. +Conflict resolution.Economic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. +The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. +The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. +Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006. +The beginning of this process in different regions has been dated from 10,000 to 8,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent and perhaps 8000 BC in the Kuk Early Agricultural Site of Melanesia to 2500 BC in Subsaharan Africa, with some[who?] considering the developments[clarification needed] of 9000–7000 BC in the Fertile Crescent to be the most important. +Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250–260 CE). +The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. +Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. +During the Crimean War , a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. +The 1–4 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. +Approximately 27.0 % of the population is foreign-born, and 61.7% of the population over the age of 5 speak only English at home. +Manhattan has many energy-efficient green office buildings, such as the Hearst Tower, the rebuilt 7 World Trade Center, and the Bank of America Tower —the first skyscraper designed to attain a Platinum LEED Certification. +One of the most well-known postmodernist concerns is " deconstruction ," a theory for philosophy, literary criticism, and textual analysis developed by Jacques Derrida. +On 22 February 1807 , twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. +Britain banned the slave trade in 1807 , imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). +.Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. + Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel. +Operated by Istanbul Electricity, Tramway, and Tunnel General Management (İETT), trams slowly returned to the city in the 1990s with the introduction of a nostalgic route and a faster modern tram line, which now carries 265,000 passengers each day . +Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. +Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called "new lights", while the preachers of old were called " old lights ". +An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: "a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account." +Although it is traditional in Eastern churches for the supreme head of the church to be named 'Patriarch', in the Armenian Apostolic Church hierarchy, the position of the Catholicos is higher than that of the Patriarch. The Armenian Apostolic Church presently has two catholicoi (Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, and Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia), and two patriarchs, plus primates, archbishops and bishops, lower clergy and laity serving the Church. +In Canada, the MD is the basic medical degree required to practice medicine. +Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. + Precipitation can be divided into three categories , based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. +Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. +Libertarian socialists are strongly critical of coercive institutions, which often leads them to reject the legitimacy of the state in favor of anarchism . +For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections ( directed edges ) +The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age , the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. +Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. +First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. +The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street . +The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. +People of Irish ancestry make up 7.8% of the population , while Italian Americans make up 6.8% of the population. +So "Rodríguez Zapatero" is not considered one surname ; it is two distinct surnames. +Goaltenders wear specialty goalie skates, (these skates are built more for movement side to side rather than forwards and backwards) a jock or jill, large leg pads, (there are size restrictions in certain leagues) blocking glove, catching glove, a chest protector, a goalie mask, and a large jersey. +Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. +Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. +Executives and managers face a constant tension between centralizing and decentralizing information technology for their organizations. +Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. +Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise . +A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda , a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter because of "circumstances beyond their control," including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment. +The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T) . +Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period. +Its subsidiaries include the National Junior Classical League (with more than 50,000 members ), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the National Senior Classical League, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college. + Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression. + Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation , while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. +Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate . +The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373 , King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. +In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. +The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the "First International Tin Agreement" in 1956, the first of a.continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. +Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator John Heinz History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum. +Chromatic aberration of a lens is seen as fringes of colour around the image . +There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women , 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively. +In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). +The flag is customarily flown year-round at most public buildings, and it is not unusual to find private houses flying full-size (3 by 5 feet (0.91 by 1.52 m)) flags. +Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. +Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup , and performance improvements. +Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion , those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. +Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations, +A fear of monetary compensation might have been one of the reasons for the opposition. +Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara. +Sometimes the codomain is called the function's " range ", but more commonly the word "range" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). +A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period , which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. +.A variation on this is "inadvertent decentralization", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. +In 2001 , Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. +The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. +The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade , close to the central railway station. +The situation changed when Napoleon forced Spain to return Louisiana to France in 1802 and threatened to close the river to American vessels. +They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. +In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as " house officers ". +In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. +The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey. +In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name ("metal worker"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. +Held after the Harvest festival in November, this festival predominantly celebrated by Kuki-Chin-Zomi tribes in Manipur has become one of the leading festivals of the state. +According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a " Connecticuter ." + Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. +Some state offices have started to use both last names , in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Perón had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Perón, but not if he was known as Juan Perón Duarte. +Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. +To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as " GF " (girlfriend), "LOL" (laughing out loud), and "DL" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. +Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP . +To relieve insurers and brokers of that tedious and time-consuming chore, many states (with the notable exception of Texas ) now maintain "export lists" of risks that the state insurance commissioner has already identified as having no coverage available whatsoever from any admitted insurer in the state. +The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. +Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania . +In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym . +The crepuscular (active during dawn and dusk) chinchillas , two threatened members of the rodent order, inhabit the Andes' alpine regions. +The most notable Oxford act is Radiohead, who all met at nearby Abingdon School , though other well known local bands include Supergrass, Ride, Swervedriver, Lab 4, Talulah Gosh, the Candyskins, Medal, the Egg, Unbelievable Truth, Hurricane No. 1, Crackout, Goldrush and more recently, Young Knives, Foals, Glass Animals, Dive Dive and Stornoway. +After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. +Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015 . +This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill , for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector. +In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that "town" is simply another word for " city ", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city. +During Neil's editorship, a number of new sections were added: the annual The Sunday Times Rich List and the Funday Times, in 1989, (the latter stopped appearing in print and was relaunched as a standalone website in March 2006 but was later closed); Style & Travel, News Review and Arts in 1990, and Culture in 1992. +The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. +A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. +Along İstiklal Avenue is the Çiçek Pasajı, now home to winehouses (known as meyhanes), pubs, and restaurants. +Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada . +In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. +As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. +The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. +The final collapse killed 94 people , mostly children. +While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League , Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. +This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial "exploration of the Atlantic" as "a truly international exercise, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs. " That leadership later gave rise to the myth that "the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration". +English sentences like "everyone loves someone" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like ∀x∃y L(x,y). +Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. +Windows 3.0, released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode , which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. +President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation . +Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. +In 'Postmodernist Fiction' (1987), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology . +Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions , such as W3C ("World Wide Web Consortium") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B ("business to business"); and numeronyms, such as i18n ("internationalization"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n). +The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long , of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. +According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III , the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. +Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk . +In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken. +Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications , although AT&T is available as well. +A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. +The stadium was demolished in 2002 to make way for the $45 million, 4,754 -seat Icahn Stadium, which includes an Olympic-standard 400-meter running track and, as part of Pele's and the Cosmos' legacy, includes a FIFA-approved floodlit soccer stadium that hosts matches between the 48 youth teams of a Manhattan soccer club. +With the king 's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. +The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell , who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. +He identified these as being the drive to find new and profitable commercial opportunities outside Europe as well as the desire to create an alternative trade network to that controlled by the Muslim Empire of the Middle East , which was viewed as a commercial, political and religious threat to European Christendom. +An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers. Insurers in the U.S. may be "admitted", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner, and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling. +Ministers who used this new style of preaching were generally called " new lights ", while the preachers of old were called "old lights". +Early agriculture is believed to have originated and become widespread in Southwest Asia around 10,000–9,000 BP, though earlier individual sites have been identified. +In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. +It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. +Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. +There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday , or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter. +Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles. +Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. +However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction . +Free Visits grants undergrad and grad students free admission using their Pitt IDs to the Carnegie Museum of Art, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Senator John Heinz History Center, Phipps Conservatory, Mattress Factory, and the Andy Warhol Museum. +In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: village of origin , caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors. +At the time, Broca's findings were seen as a confirmation of Franz Joseph Gall's theory that language was localized and that certain psychological functions were localized in specific areas of the cerebral cortex. +For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Miño Estrella , has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Miño as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. +Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well. +Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the "worthy poor" of Georgia , came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. +Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. +The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595 , and the refracting telescope in 1608, both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands. +The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS). +Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge , a position that has drawn criticism from activists. +Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway , representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. +Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. +(The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.) +For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder . +a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. +Similarly, the logic Lκλ permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than λ variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than κ. +An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables. +Manhattan is also home to some of the most extensive art collections in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum . +One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. +George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. +The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign . +George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts. +There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions. +A related concept is "design for the other 90 percent" - low-cost solutions for the great majority of the world's low income people. +The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. +Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath , insist on having a complete derivation as input. +New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. + Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. +Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. +Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking . +The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins. +Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. +This belief has been confirmed by simple computational models of evolution . +Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as .....f.(.x.) +Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. + An elevated portion of a frontal zone forces broad areas of lift, which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus . +In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name. +The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed "oblique" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) +The invasion lasted little more than ten days , ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. +At the national level Republicans supported the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, which gives workers the right not to participate in unions. +will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother , but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row. + The red circle is parallel to the horizontal xy-plane and indicates rotation from the x-axis to the y-axis (in both cases). +⟨ae⟩ and ⟨oe⟩ also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in aēnus [aˈeː.nʊs] "of bronze" and coēpit [kɔˈeː.pɪt] "began", and ⟨au ui eu ei ou⟩ represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cauē [ˈka.weː] "beware!", cuius [ˈkʊj.jʊs] "whose", monuī [ˈmɔn.ʊ.iː] "I warned", soluī [ˈsɔɫ.wiː] "I released", dēlēuī [deːˈleː.wiː] "I destroyed", eius [ˈɛj.jʊs] "his", and nouus [ˈnɔ.wʊs] "new". +The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). +In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. +Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management. +The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. +These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds . +In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. +Windows 3.0 is the first Microsoft Windows version to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months. +The Fed expanded its balance sheet significantly from 2008-2014 , meaning it essentially "printed money" to purchase large quantities of mortgage-backed securities and U.S. treasury bonds. +The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. +A commuter rail service called the Hartford Line between New Haven and Springfield on Amtrak's New Haven-Springfield Line is scheduled to begin operating in 2018 . +In other cultures the surname is placed first , followed by the given name or names. +Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. +The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side, and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. +Numerous colleges and universities are located in Manhattan, including Columbia University , New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world. +The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. +The borough's securities industry , enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. +Bats that did eat will then regurgitate part of their blood meal to save a conspecific from starvation. +The next major version of Windows NT, Windows XP , was released on October 25, 2001. +Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. +MDCM is from the Latin "Medicinae Doctorem et Chirurgiae Magistrum" meaning " doctor of medicine and master of surgery ". +Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results . +In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. +Team captain Martin Sheridan is famously quoted as saying "this flag dips to no earthly king", though the true provenance of this quotation is unclear. +Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called "Partisan rifle" and the anti-tank "Partisan mortar" . +After the 2000 election , the color red became associated with Republicans. +The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 , absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. +Pera (from the Greek word for "across") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyoğlu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). +Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart , introduced in 2009, or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. +As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers , the farms became too small to support single families. +Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. +For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. +For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers. +Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits . +Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter . +A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanitätsoffizieranwärter). +Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. +.There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. +For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification—which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. +In October 2009, as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons . +Wild lentils present a different challenge that needed to be overcome: most of the wild seeds do not germinate in the first year ; the first evidence of lentil domestication, breaking dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar (in modern Syria), and quickly spread south to the Netiv HaGdud site in the Jordan Valley. +During January 2013 , Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. +Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. +The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food -producing techniques. +The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. +For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador , General Luis Telmo Paz y Miño Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Miño as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. +Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens , lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. +In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. +Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians , but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies. +Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus , and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. +In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. +Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook. +By the time European settlers arrived around 1600–1650, the majority of the Native Americans living in the eastern United States had been ravaged by new diseases, introduced to them decades before by explorers and sailors . +Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation. +The effective length is ....K.∗.l...{\displaystyle K*l}.. where ....l...{\displaystyle l}.. is the real length of the column. +The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface . +Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. +The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940 , following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. +In Constructing Postmodernism (1992), McHale's second book, he provides readings of postmodern fiction and of some of the contemporary writers who go under the label of cyberpunk. +The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services . +The city of Rotterdam is known for the Erasmus University , riverside setting, lively cultural life and its maritime heritage. +In 1963, the Insight investigative team was established under Clive Irving . +Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens . + Horse racing was the main event. +When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals . +Average height went down from 5'10" (178 cm) for men and 5'6" (168 cm) for women to 5'5" (165 cm) and 5'1" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. +The EU banned the use of organotin compounds in 2003 , while concerns over the toxicity of these compounds to marine life and their effects on the reproduction and growth of some marine species, (some reports describe biological effects to marine life at a concentration of 1 nanogram per liter) have led to a worldwide ban by the International Maritime Organization. +First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. +Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York City's five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, and is the smallest borough in terms of land area. +Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically , is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. +With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile . +Immediately, a major "tin crisis" followed — tin was delisted from trading on the London Metal Exchange for about three years, the ITC dissolved soon afterward, and the price of tin, now in a free-market environment, plummeted sharply to $4 per pound and remained around this level through the 1990s. +The largest variety of surnames is found in the states of Maharashtra and Goa , which numbers more than the rest of India together. +The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. +İstanbul has 39 districts , more than any other province in Turkey. +In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. +It was released on July 29, 2015, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. +China returned to civil war between the Western-backed Kuomintang versus Mao Zedong's Communists supported by the Soviet Union with the Communists seizing control of all of mainland China in 1949, creating the People's Republic of China (PRC). +He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. +They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics . +Much of the time, markets work very efficiently , but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. +In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. +Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussion s is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called "head contact"). +Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. +In computer programming, a subroutine is a sequence of program instructions that perform a specific task, packaged as a unit. +Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. +On 1 November of every year the state declared holiday for Kut celebration. +Its function is typically to ensure a reliable supply of essential resources, especially for animals living in a habitat where food quantity or quality fluctuates unpredictably . +This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34° S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. +Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877 . +Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyoğlu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as İstiklal Avenue . +The extent to which persons are not fully utilizing their skills is also difficult to determine when measuring the level of underemployment. +Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. +Because of the higher specific gravity of tin dioxide, about 80% of mined tin is from secondary deposits found downstream from the primary lodes. +The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels . +Both classes exhibit unusual reactions. +Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx , north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. +Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle , and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. +Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River , with death toll estimates ranging between 300 and 700 Pequots. +The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. +The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa. +For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. +Beginning in 1963 , students at Radcliffe received Harvard diplomas signed by the presidents of Radcliffe and Harvard and joint commencement exercises began in 1970. +Geological surveys show that before the Pleistocene, instead of the Baltic Sea, there was a wide plain around a great river paleontologists call the Eridanos . +Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. +The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city . +In 1995 , the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the İstinye quarter of the Sarıyer district. +Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. +For modern Westerners , who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand". +'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug (' Erasmus Bridge '); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). +The output of a function f corresponding to an input x is denoted by f(x) (read "f of x"). +Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. +Leopold Kohr, author of the 1957 book The Breakdown of Nations —known for its statement “Whenever something is wrong, something is too big”—was a major influence on E.F. Schumacher, author of the 1973 bestseller Small is Beautiful:Economics As If People Mattered . +The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System . +William Penn, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. +The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008. +This will depend on analysis of the specific situation . +Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling . +In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici ("Lordship over the Baltic Sea"). +At its fourth and last session, held on 24–25 July 1945 in Zagreb, ZAVNOH proclaimed itself as the Croatian Parliament or Sabor . +At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). +Harlem is a name from the Dutch colonial era after Haarlem , a city in the Netherlands. +While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. +The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. +In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries , the custom is for people to have two surnames. +Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago . +The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. +The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina . +Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols , one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. +Human morality , although sophisticated and complex relative to other animals, is essentially a natural phenomenon that evolved to restrict excessive individualism that could undermine a group's cohesion and thereby reducing the individuals' fitness. + Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C♯, B, A, G, F and E♭) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. +Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s . +During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der ärztlichen Prüfung), administered nationally. +The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes , and has been serving the island since 1978. +In this case, Paz y Miño is in fact the paternal surname, being a true compound surname. +A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X × Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. +Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights ), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. +It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers . +As a result, fewer votes are expected to be classed as informal , however, more ballots will "exhaust" as a result (i.e. some votes are not counted towards electing any candidate). +The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits ; however, the flow is complex. +Fiscal federalism also concerns the "vertical imbalances" where the central government gives too much or too little money to the lower levels . +Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream , terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. +In Russia and Bulgaria, both patronymic and family name are obligatory parts of one's full name: e.g. if a Russian is called Ivan Andrey evich Sergeyev, that means that his father's name is Andrey and his family name is Sergeyev. +However, in the NHL, a team always has at least three skaters on the ice. +Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes . +As stated in Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century, “One of the important objectives of this book is to blend harmoniously the fine souls regarding conduct in the Eastern and the Western cultures, to take the result as the source and then to create newer and better conduct principles to suit the human society of the new century, and to introduce a lot of Chinese fine conduct spirits to the Western world. +Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968 , is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL. +The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. +The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet . +Some other neighborhoods around İstiklal Avenue have recently been revamped to cater to Beyoğlu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and restaurants playing live music . +Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes , the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. + The hailstone then may undergo ' wet growth ', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones. +In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to "..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes. +This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauhtémoc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez , due to the Chicano Movement's sexism. +Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. +The most recent of these is the 13,800 -seat Ülker Sports Arena, which opened in 2012 as the home court of Fenerbahçe's basketball teams. +Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. +The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. +However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. +Slavery was officially forbidden , as were alcohol and other forms of immorality. +A less common convention is Polish notation , in which one writes ....→...{\displaystyle \rightarrow }.., ....∧...{\displaystyle \wedge }.., and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. +If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served . +The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. +The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam. +Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. +In 1997, Ali Forney was himself murdered by an attacker who has not yet been identified . +Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that "outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired." +These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semič, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. +Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. +At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). +Since 2002, the right-wing Justice and Development Party (AKP) has won pluralities in every general and local election. +The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. +Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. +With proportional representation, and the small majorities in the Senate compared to the generally larger majorities in the House of Representatives, and the requirement that the number of members of the House be "nearly as practible" twice that of the Senate, a joint sitting after a double dissolution is more likely than not to lead to a victory for the House over the Senate. +The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade , attached to a shaft. +The use of predicates, such as "is a philosopher" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic. [clarification needed] +During the winter of 2010–11, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi) , which was reached on 25 February 2011. +This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied. +By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population. + Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. +This large number of stable isotopes is thought to be a direct result of tin possessing an atomic number of 50 , which is a "magic number" in nuclear physics. +Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property , and the ascendancy of contract over status. +For Murray Bookchin "In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. +Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's . +There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry , later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively. +Other notable people include Ken Wahlster , founder and CEO of BikeBandit. +The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the " brotherhood and unity " of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). +Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. +The federal government also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. +Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads , Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. +For each captive, the African rulers would receive a variety of goods from Europe . +In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection. +The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage , itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. +Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . +Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions . +Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures , like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250–260 CE). +A recursive subprogram must be reentrant . +As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. +However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. + This ratio (expressed as a percentage ), commonly called the "rate on line" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. +The keys are activated by keytouches pressed by the fingers , either directly on the pad cup or connected to it with levers, either directly or with joints called "linkages." +Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right. +Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America . +All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves. +From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). +48 km (30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake , a miniature inland sea. +When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005 , it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. +Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people , the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. +In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. +Originally there were very often painted in bright colours . +In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. +Formal regulation of the insurance industry began in earnest when the first state commissioner of insurance was appointed in New Hampshire in 1851. +When 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for US$510 million , about US$1,589 per square foot (US$17,104/m²), it broke the barely month-old record for an American office building of US$1,476 per square foot (US$15,887/m²) based on the sale of 660 Madison Avenue. + The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed' . + Production of this fascinating and expensive saxophone is on an individual order basis according to the designer's website referenced above. +Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. + Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. +The word "ethics" is "commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual. " Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: "Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations." +They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because "regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs." As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards , standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy. +Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. +A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer . +Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England , was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson. +All real lenses have nonzero thickness , however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. +More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization , or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self. +On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging "with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians." +A member of the Association of American Universities , Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. +Although initially successful in this venture, "it was not long before African naval forces were alerted to the new dangers , and the Portuguese [raiding] ships began to meet strong and effective resistance", with the crews of several of them being killed by African sailors, whose boats were better equipped at traversing the west African coasts and river systems. +Recently metamodernism, post-postmodernism and the "death of postmodernism" have been widely debated: in 2007 Andrew Hoberek noted in his introduction to a special issue of the journal Twentieth Century Literature titled "After Postmodernism" that "declarations of postmodernism's demise have become a critical commonplace". +Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun , number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut. +Since the government operates under a " powerful mayor, weak council " approach, the council's leader—the metropolitan mayor—has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. +The graph of a function or relation is the set of all points satisfying that function or relation. +The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor. +Over the years, the city of Chicago , Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. +According to Larry Teal , the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. +In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer). +Lucky Luciano established Cosa Nostra in Manhattan, forming alliances with other criminal enterprises, including the Jewish mob, led by Meyer Lansky , the leading Jewish gangster of that period. +It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan–June 2012). +However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London . +By 1853 , most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. +Similarly, in three dimensions, the vector from the origin to the point with Cartesian coordinates ....(.x.,.y.,.z.)...{\displaystyle ( x,y,z )}.. can be written as: +The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event. +Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations , e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Perón had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Perón, but not if he was known as Juan Perón Duarte. +The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested "a Postmodern style of painting" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. +São Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza .[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as "sambass", with its specific style and sound. + The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as "g of f" or "g after f" . +Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong "whip-back" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. +Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad , Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. +a drop in inappropriate behavior. +Before the modern era , in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine. +The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. +In the mid- 14th-century , the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. + Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-κB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. +During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. +These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. +Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud, who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance . +It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus . +These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. +Windows 3.0, released in 1990 , improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. +Latin was written in the Latin alphabet, derived from the Old Italic alphabet , which was in turn drawn from the Greek and ultimately the Phoenician alphabet. +Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. +The Valley and Mariposa Grove were added to the Park in 1906 . +After the Fall of Tarentum ( 272 BC ), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). +Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation , while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses. +This type of system is called an afocal system , since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. +Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters , many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word, in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)‍—‌an abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters). +Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone . +In later years, in response to increasing public demand , water from various springs was channeled to public fountains, like the Fountain of Ahmed III, by means of supply lines. +US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009. +Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. +These stem categories descend from Indo-European, and can therefore be compared to similar conjugations in other Indo-European languages. +Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a "revolutionary megatrend" in the 1980s. +The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists . +If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots . +A postmodernism of 'reaction' rejects Modernism and seeks to return to the lost traditions and history in order to create a new cultural synthesis, while Postmodernity of 'resistance' seeks to deconstruct Modernism and is a critique of the origins without necessarily returning to them (Irving 1993, 60). + Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. +The first stock insurance company formed in the United States was the Insurance Company of North America in 1792. +Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. +Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. +The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. +Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids . +If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour." +However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure . +Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates . +Real estate is a major force in Manhattan's economy, and indeed the city's, as the total value of all New York City property was assessed at US$914.8 billion for the 2015 fiscal year. +The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House. +In October 2009 , as part of the city's Leading the Way initiative, Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston dedicated and opened the Weintraub Day Center which is the first city-operated day center for chronically homeless persons. +The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when "Mother of the Movement" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . +Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. +Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on “since the Stone Age” through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today’s “hegemonic core states”. +In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. +The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, since 1898 . +The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility "through revolution, or through consent of the States ." +They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. +After three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a non-surgical nature the candidate receives MD degree, whereas in a pre-clinical or clinical subject of a surgical nature, i.e. anatomy, general surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology, the candidate receives the equivalent degree Master of Surgery (MS). + Drought can kill crops and increase erosion, while overly wet weather can cause harmful fungus growth. +Rarely, at a temperature of around −2 °C (28 °F) , snowflakes can form in threefold symmetry—triangular snowflakes. +When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners , so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. +The concept of a "surname" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a "byname". +Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. +Based on analysis of the genes of domesticated plants, he preferred theories of a single, or at most a very small number of domestication events for each taxa that spread in an arc from the Levantine corridor around the fertile crescent and later into Europe. +The costume is elegant , as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. +New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653 . +For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq . +.Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME) , from 8 countries, under 17 brands. +In fact, many structures considered strong may in fact be stiff, which can result in poor seismic performance. +Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a "best value" in higher education by several publications. +During most of the Middle Ages, the latter part of the Byzantine era, Constantinople was the largest and wealthiest city on the European continent and at times the largest in the world. +It is known that since 17 20 , the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. +This is also referred to by saying that " f maps X into Y " In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] → [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. +Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural "rulers" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. +Windows 7 has multi-touch support , a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements. +The overriding of f: X → Y by g: W → Y (also called overriding union) is an extension of g denoted as (f ⊕ g): (X ∪ W) → Y. Its graph is the set-theoretical union of the graphs of g and f|X \ W. Thus, it relates any element of the domain of g to its image under g, and any other element of the domain of f to its image under f. Overriding is an associative operation; it has the empty function as an identity element . +These plutons formed at various times, from 115 Ma to 87 Ma . +Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine , called "Professional Doctorate in Medicine" validated by the "Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran". +In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms , Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. +Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects. +Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democrat ic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. +As a result of the changes, voters may assign their preferences for parties above the line (numbering as many boxes as they wish ), or individual candidates below the line, and are not required to fill all of the boxes. +New Left and libertarian individuals who identified with social, economic, and often political decentralism through the ensuing years included Ralph Borsodi, Wendell Berry, Paul Goodman, Carl Oglesby, Karl Hess, Donald Livingston, Kirkpatrick Sale (author of Human Scale), Murray Bookchin, Dorothy Day, Senator Mark O. Hatfield, Mildred J. Loomis and Bill Kauffman. +The U.S. Federal Reserve has taken significant action to stimulate the economy after the 2007-2009 recession . +Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem , by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. +In 1968, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and "[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. +Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women 's +Second-order logic with full semantics is more expressive than first-order logic. +Ideas of liberty and decentralization were carried to their logical conclusions during the 19th and 20th centuries by anti-state political activists calling themselves "anarchists", "libertarians," and even decentralists . +Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. +Another large application for tin is corrosion-resistant tin plating of steel . +The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers . +A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that " familiarity breeds sympathy" and greater support for addressing the problem . + Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. +Other examples include ATM machine ( automated teller machine machine), EAB bank (European American Bank bank), CableACE Award (cable award for cable excellence award), DC Comics (Detective Comics Comics), HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus virus), Microsoft's NT Technology (New Technology Technology) and the formerly redundant SAT test (Scholastic Achievement/Aptitude/Assessment Test test, now simply SAT Reasoning Test). +In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. +The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991 , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. +The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. +Historian John Thornton noted, "A number of technical and geographical factors combined to make Europeans the most likely people to explore the Atlantic and develop its commerce". +If procedure P returns without making any other call , the call stack is not used at all. + Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s . +Stannane (SnH4), where tin is in the +4 oxidation state, is unstable. +The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in Črnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed] +Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. +Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City . +Luis Telmo Paz y Miño Estrella is also known more casually as Luis Paz y Miño , Telmo Paz y Miño, or Luis Telmo Paz y Miño. +.Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands. +In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. +Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy , which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics. +In Poland, if the husband is named Podwiński , and his wife takes his surname, her last name, and those of their unmarried daughters, would be Podwińska. +Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . +It was released on July 29, 2015 , + The United States Congress , however, responded almost immediately with the McCarran-Ferguson Act in 1945. +If the previous senator was a member of a particular political party the replacement must come from the same party , but the State Parliament may choose not to fill the vacancy, in which case Section 11 requires the Senate to proceed regardless. +The semantic element does not change . +However, the number of new businesses starting each year dropped by 17% after the recession. +Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbahçe S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most Süper Lig championships. +The decentralist movement attracted Southern Agrarians like Robert Penn Warren, as well as journalist Herbert Agar . + Some Leblanc System features were built into the Vito Model 35 saxophones of the 1950s and 1960s. +Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. +Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less. +At the copyediting end of the publishing industry, where the aforementioned distinction between acronyms (pronounced as a word) and initialisms (pronounced as a series of letters) is usually maintained,[citation needed] some publishers choose to use cap/lowercase (c/lc) styling for acronyms, reserving all-caps styling for initialisms. +The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. +Marxism–Leninism descends from the Bolshevik ("Majority") faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) that was founded in the RSDLP's Second Congress in 1903. +Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 +Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. +In 1967 , the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. +To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness. +Istanbul has three major shipping ports— the Port of Haydarpaşa, the Port of Ambarlı, and the Port of Zeytinburnu —as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. +Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. +A proposed commuter rail service, the Central Corridor Rail Line , will connect New London with Norwich, Willimantic, Storrs, and Stafford Springs, with service continuing into Massachusetts and Brattleboro. +The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries , the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia. +Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. +Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt , stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). +An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways. +Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite . +It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists , which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. +A court has delayed the cut until May 2011 because there was doubt over the legality of cancelling the city's commitment. +Lucky Luciano established Cosa Nostra in Manhattan, forming alliances with other criminal enterprises, including the Jewish mob, led by Meyer Lansky, the leading Jewish gangster of that period. +Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. +At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University , Far Eastern University – Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine–William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan. +In the light of political changes and developments in international environmental and maritime law, a new convention was signed in 1992 by all the states bordering on the Baltic Sea, and the European Community . +Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding. +In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage , the wife is referred to as "hermana" [sister] plus the surname of her husband. +Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts. +Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock , usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content. +Athletic facilities of the University of Pittsburgh Panthers that are located in Oakland in the upper campus and include the Charles L Cost Sports Center, Fitzgerald Field House, the Petersen Events Center, Trees Hall and Trees Field. +Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut. +Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. +This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes , and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). +By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. +Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. +The standard way of measuring rainfall or snowfall is the standard rain gauge, which can be found in 100 mm (4 in) plastic and 200 mm (8 in) metal varieties. +According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states . +From 1770 until 1860, the rate of natural growth of North American slaves was much greater than for the population of any nation in Europe, and was nearly twice as rapid as that of England. +By the 1990s , crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. +Stalin's regime was a totalitarian state under his dictatorship. +How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, +Overall, Istanbul has an annual average of 130 days with significant precipitation, which amounts to 810 millimeters (31.9 in) per year . +Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator , began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre – Cowley – Blackbird Leys). +In its normative sense, " morality " refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. +Manhattan is one of the highest-income places in the United States with a population greater than one million. +Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. +Beginning in 1963, students at Radcliffe received Harvard diplomas signed by the presidents of Radcliffe and Harvard and joint commencement exercises began in 1970 . +The overriding of f: X → Y by g: W → Y (also called overriding union) is an extension of g denoted as (f ⊕ g): (X ∪ W) → Y. Its graph is the set-theoretical union of the graphs of g and f|X \ W. Thus, it relates any element of the domain of g to its image under g, and any other element of the domain of f to its image under f. Overriding is an associative operation ; it has the empty function as an identity element. +The settlers were Puritans from Massachusetts, led by Thomas Hooker . +The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. +In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language. +. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases. + In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting . +After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. +After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. +In strongly typed languages, it is sometimes desirable to have a number of functions with the same name, but operating on different types of data, or with different parameter profiles . +In the northern part of the Andes , the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. +A free event open to the public, the Nationality Rooms Open House occurs on a Sunday in early December each year in the Cathedral of Learning and involves the presentation of the rooms decorated in traditional holiday styles, day-long performances of dance and song by various ethnic groups, and food and crafts from many of the nationality room's committees. +Upon graduation, students enter into a residency phase of training. +Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. +Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates. +The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. +A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. +By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats. +In such an oblique coordinate system the computations of distances and angles must be modified from that in standard Cartesian systems, and many standard formulas (such as the Pythagorean formula for the distance) do not hold (see Affine plane). +Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. +The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. +Further, Gallup reported that: "Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March." Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. +On 19 May 1968 , the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. +The borough is also home to two private schools that are known as the most diverse in the nation, Manhattan Country School and United Nations International School . +Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with "cockroach landlords" exploiting the new immigrants. +Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. +The internationalism of Marxism–Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of "socialist-leaning countries" of late Soviet Union). +Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees ). +There are systems weaker than full first-order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable. +As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture , which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. +A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: " One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. +Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. +Unlike the Second Great Awakening that began about 1800 and which reached out to the unchurched , the First Great Awakening focused on people who were already church members. +The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as "progressive reforms" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly "public utilities" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. +Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the 15th century, where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar. Along with this, they also captured native Canary Islanders, the Guanches, to use as slaves both on the Islands and across the Christian Mediterranean. \ No newline at end of file