Question: What is the oldest way to study migration?

Answer: marking

<hl> Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking . <hl> Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, <hl> marking <hl>. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, <hl> marking <hl> .

question: What is the oldest way to study migration?, context: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.


Question: How have swans been marked?

Answer: a nick on the beak

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. <hl> Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. <hl> Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with <hl> a nick on the beak <hl> since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

question: How have swans been marked?, context: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.


Question: Who was scientific ringing pioneered by?

Answer: Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. <hl> Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. <hl> Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by <hl> Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen <hl> in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

question: Who was scientific ringing pioneered by?, context: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.


Question: Since when have swans been marked?

Answer: 1560

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. <hl> Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. <hl> Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about <hl> 1560 <hl> in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.

question: Since when have swans been marked?, context: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.


Question: What are other forms of studying migration?

Answer: radar and satellite tracking

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. <hl> Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking . <hl>

Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include <hl> radar and satellite tracking <hl>.

Other techniques include <hl> radar and satellite tracking <hl> .

question: What are other forms of studying migration?, context: Bird migration routes have been studied by a variety of techniques including the oldest, marking. Swans have been marked with a nick on the beak since about 1560 in England. Scientific ringing was pioneered by Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen in 1899. Other techniques include radar and satellite tracking.


Question: How are orientation behavior studies traditionally carried out?

Answer: the Emlen funnel

<hl> Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as the Emlen funnel , which consists of a circular cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues. <hl> The orientation behaviour of the bird inside the cage is studied quantitatively using the distribution of marks that the bird leaves on the walls of the cage. Other approaches used in pigeon homing studies make use of the direction in which the bird vanishes on the horizon.

Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as <hl> the Emlen funnel <hl>, which consists of a circular cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues. The orientation behaviour of the bird inside the cage is studied quantitatively using the distribution of marks that the bird leaves on the walls of the cage. Other approaches used in pigeon homing studies make use of the direction in which the bird vanishes on the horizon.

Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as <hl> the Emlen funnel <hl> , which consists of a circular cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues.

question: How are orientation behavior studies traditionally carried out?, context: Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as the Emlen funnel, which consists of a circular cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues. The orientation behaviour of the bird inside the cage is studied quantitatively using the distribution of marks that the bird leaves on the walls of the cage. Other approaches used in pigeon homing studies make use of the direction in which the bird vanishes on the horizon.


Question: What shape is the cage in the Emlen funnel?

Answer: circular

<hl> Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as the Emlen funnel, which consists of a circular cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues. <hl> The orientation behaviour of the bird inside the cage is studied quantitatively using the distribution of marks that the bird leaves on the walls of the cage. Other approaches used in pigeon homing studies make use of the direction in which the bird vanishes on the horizon.

Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as the Emlen funnel, which consists of a <hl> circular <hl> cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues. The orientation behaviour of the bird inside the cage is studied quantitatively using the distribution of marks that the bird leaves on the walls of the cage. Other approaches used in pigeon homing studies make use of the direction in which the bird vanishes on the horizon.

question: What shape is the cage in the Emlen funnel?, context: Orientation behaviour studies have been traditionally carried out using variants of a setup known as the Emlen funnel, which consists of a circular cage with the top covered by glass or wire-screen so that either the sky is visible or the setup is placed in a planetarium or with other controls on environmental cues. The orientation behaviour of the bird inside the cage is studied quantitatively using the distribution of marks that the bird leaves on the walls of the cage. Other approaches used in pigeon homing studies make use of the direction in which the bird vanishes on the horizon.