Answer: Copa del Generalísimo

Question: Due to the emergence of Fuste and Rexach, what competition did Barcelona win in 1963?


Answer: Fairs Cup

Context: The 1960s were less successful for the club, with Real Madrid monopolising La Liga. The completion of the Camp Nou, finished in 1957, meant the club had little money to spend on new players. The 1960s saw the emergence of Josep Maria Fusté and Carles Rexach, and the club won the Copa del Generalísimo in 1963 and the Fairs Cup in 1966. Barcelona restored some pride by beating Real Madrid 1–0 in the 1968 Copa del Generalísimo final at the Bernabéu in front of Franco, with coach Salvador Artigas, a former republican pilot in the civil war. With the end of Franco's dictatorship in 1974, the club changed its official name back to Futbol Club Barcelona and reverted the crest to its original design, including the original letters once again.

Question: What competition did Barcelona win in 1966?


Answer: Franco

Question: Who was present when Barcelona beat Real Madrid in 1968?


Answer: Futbol Club Barcelona

Question: With Franco's dictatorship over, to what did Barcelona change their name ?


Answer: Boixos Nois

Context: Around this time, tensions began to arise between what was perceived as president Núñez's dictatorial rule and the nationalistic support group, Boixos Nois. The group, identified with a left-wing separatism, repeatedly demanded the resignation of Núñez and openly defied him through chants and banners at matches. At the same time, Barcelona experienced an eruption in skinheads, who often identified with a right-wing separatism. The skinheads slowly transferred the Boixos Nois' ideology from liberalism to fascism, which caused division within the group and a sudden support for Núñez's presidency. Inspired by British hooligans, the remaining Boixos Nois became violent, causing havoc leading to large-scale arrests.

Question: What political group wanted Nunez to resign the presidency?


Answer: left-wing separatism

Question: To what did Boixos Nois idetify themselves as belonging?


Answer: skinheads

Question: What right-wing separatists tried to spread fascism to the Boixos Nois?


Answer: Núñez's presidency

Question: What did the resulting split in the Boixos Nois group cause many to support?


Answer: large-scale arrests

Question: What did the resulting violence perpetrated by the extremists produce?


Answer: without trophies

Context: Despite being the favourites and starting strongly, Barcelona finished the 2006–07 season without trophies. A pre-season US tour was later blamed for a string of injuries to key players, including leading scorer Eto'o and rising star Lionel Messi. There was open feuding as Eto'o publicly criticized coach Frank Rijkaard and Ronaldinho. Ronaldinho also admitted that a lack of fitness affected his form. In La Liga, Barcelona were in first place for much of the season, but inconsistency in the New Year saw Real Madrid overtake them to become champions. Barcelona advanced to the semi-finals of the Copa del Rey, winning the first leg against Getafe 5–2, with a goal from Messi bringing comparison to Diego Maradona's goal of the century, but then lost the second leg 4–0. They took part in the 2006 FIFA Club World Cup, but were beaten by a late goal in the final against Brazilian side Internacional. In the Champions League, Barcelona were knocked out of the competition in the last 16 by eventual runners-up Liverpool on away goals.

Question: How did Barcelona finish the 2006-07 season?


Answer: US tour

Question: What event was blamed for the injuries to Barcelona stars?


Answer: Real Madrid

Question: What team beat Barcelona in La Liga in the 2006-07 season?


Answer: Diego Maradona

Question: To whom was Messi's goal in the first leg of the Copa del Rey compared?


Answer: Liverpool

Question: What team pushed Barcelona out of the Champions League play?


Answer: UEFA Super Cup

Context: Later the same month, Barcelona won the UEFA Super Cup after defeating Porto 2–0 thanks to goals from Lionel Messi and Cesc Fàbregas. This extended the club's overall number of official trophies to 74, surpassing Real Madrid's total amount of official trophies. The UEFA Super Cup victory also marked another impressive achievement as Josep Guardiola won his 12th trophy out of 15 possible in only three years at the helm of the club, becoming the all-time record holder of most titles won as a coach at FC Barcelona.

Question: What competition did Barcelona win because of goals by Messi and Fabregas?


Answer: Porto

Question: Which team did Barcelona beat to win the UEFA Super Cup?


Answer: 74

Question: How many total trophies did Barcelona's Super Cup win produce?


Answer: Real Madrid

Question: What team did Barcelona's total competition wins pass?


Answer: Josep Guardiola

Question: Who is the record holder for most trophy wins as coach of Barcelona?


Answer: April 2014

Context: In April 2014, FIFA banned the club from buying players for the next two transfer windows following the violation of the FIFA's rules about the transfer of footballers aged under 18. A statement on FIFA's website read "With regard to the case in question, FC Barcelona has been found to be in breach of art. 19 of the Regulations in the case of ten minor players and to have committed several other concurrent infringements in the context of other players, including under Annexe 2 of the Regulations. The Disciplinary Committee regarded the infringements as serious and decided to sanction the club with a transfer ban at both national and international level for two complete and consecutive transfer periods, together with a fine of CHF 450,000. Additionally, the club was granted a period of 90 days in which to regularise the situation of all minor players concerned." FIFA rejected an appeal in August but the pending appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport allowed Barcelona to sign players during the summer of 2014.

Question: When FIFA ban Barcelona from buying players?


Answer: footballers aged under 18

Question: What was the FIFA charge that Barcelona violated?


Answer: CHF 450,000

Question: What fine did FIFA impose on Barcelona for the rules violation?


Answer: August

Question: When did FIFA reject an appeal of the rules violation ruling?


Answer: sign players

Question: What did the pending appeal allow Barcelona to do anyway?


Answer: Sevilla FC

Context: On 11 August, Barcelona started the 2015–16 season winning a joint record fifth European Super Cup by beating Sevilla FC 5–4 in the 2015 UEFA Super Cup. They ended the year with a 3–0 win over Argentine club River Plate in the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup Final on 20 December to win the trophy for a record third time, with Suárez, Messi and Iniesta the top three players of the tournament. The FIFA Club World Cup was Barcelona's 20th international title, a record only matched by Egyptian club Al Ahly SC. By scoring 180 goals in 2015 in all competitions, Barcelona set the record for most goals scored in a calendar year, breaking Real Madrid's record of 178 goals scored in 2014.

Question: Who did Barcelona beat to win the 2015 UEFA Super Cup?


Answer: River Plate

Question: What team did Barcelona defeat to win the 2015 FIFA World Cup Final?


Answer: Al Ahly SC

Question: What was the only team to match Barcelona's record of trophy wins by 2015?


Answer: 180

Question: How many goals did Barcelona score to break the record for most goals in a year?


Answer: Real Madrid

Question: What teams previous record was 178 goals in a year?


Answer: Santiago Bernabéu Stadium

Context: In the 2005–06 season, Barcelona repeated their league and Supercup successes. The pinnacle of the league season arrived at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in a 3–0 win over Real Madrid. It was Frank Rijkaard's second victory at the Bernabéu, making him the first Barcelona manager to win there twice. Ronaldinho's performance was so impressive that after his second goal, which was Barcelona's third, some Real Madrid fans gave him a standing ovation. In the Champions League, Barcelona beat the English club Arsenal in the final. Trailing 1–0 to a 10-man Arsenal and with less than 15 minutes remaining, they came back to win 2–1, with substitute Henrik Larsson, in his final appearance for the club, setting up goals for Samuel Eto'o and fellow substitute Juliano Belletti, for the club's first European Cup victory in 14 years.

Question: Where did Barcelona defeat Real Madrid for a trophy win in 2005-06?


Answer: 3–0

Question: What was the winning score for the game with Real Madrid at Bernabeu stadium?


Answer: second victory

Question: How many wins did Frank Rijkaard have at Bernabeu Stadium?


Answer: standing ovation

Question: What recognition did Ronaldinho's second goal receive at Bernabeu?


Answer: Arsenal

Question: What team did Barcelona defeat to win the Champions League trophy?


Answer: dictatorships

Context: During the dictatorships of Miguel Primo de Rivera (1923–1930) and especially of Francisco Franco (1939–1975), all regional cultures were suppressed. All of the languages spoken in Spanish territory, except Spanish (Castilian) itself, were officially banned. Symbolising the Catalan people's desire for freedom, Barça became 'More than a club' (Més que un club) for the Catalans. According to Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, the best way for the Catalans to demonstrate their identity was by joining Barça. It was less risky than joining a clandestine anti-Franco movement, and allowed them to express their dissidence. During Franco's regime, however, the blaugrana team was granted profit due to its good relationship with the dictator at management level, even giving two awards to him.

Question: What caused the suppression of regional cultures?


Answer: Spanish (Castilian)

Question: Of the languages of the are, what was the only approved language?


Answer: joining Barça

Question: How did the Catalans show their identity during the dictatorships?


Answer: blaugrana

Question: What team was awarded by Franco for having a good relationship?


Answer: 'More than a club'

Question: What motto of the team Barcelona appealed to the Catalans?


Answer: Sandro Rosell

Context: After Laporta's departure from the club in June 2010, Sandro Rosell was soon elected as the new president. The elections were held on 13 June, where he got 61.35% (57,088 votes, a record) of total votes. Rosell signed David Villa from Valencia for €40 million and Javier Mascherano from Liverpool for €19 million. In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival, Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico. In the 2010–11 season, Barcelona retained the La Liga trophy, their third title in succession, finishing with 96 points. In April 2011, the club reached the Copa del Rey final, losing 1–0 to Real Madrid at the Mestalla in Valencia. In May, Barcelona defeated Manchester United in the 2011 Champions League Final 3–1 held at Wembley Stadium, a repeat of the 2009 final, winning their fourth European Cup. In August 2011, La Masia graduate Cesc Fàbregas was bought from Arsenal and he would help Barcelona defend the Spanish Supercup against Real Madrid. The Supercup victory brought the total number of official trophies to 73, matching the number of titles won by Real Madrid.

Question: Who was elected as president of the Barcelona club in 2010?


Answer: 61.35%

Question: What percentage of the votes for president did Rosell get?


Answer: 57,088

Question: What was Rosell's record number of votes he received for president?


Answer: €40 million

Question: How much did Barcelona pay to sign David Villa?


Answer: Real Madrid

Question: What team did Barcelona beat in El Clasico in 2010?


Answer: 1918

Context: In 1918 Espanyol started a counter-petition against autonomy, which at that time had become a pertinent issue. Later on, an Espanyol supporter group would join the Falangists in the Spanish Civil War, siding with the fascists. Despite these differences in ideology, the derbi has always been more relevant to Espanyol supporters than Barcelona ones due to the difference in objectives. In recent years the rivalry has become less political, as Espanyol translated its official name and anthem from Spanish to Catalan.

Question: When did Espanyol offer a counter-petition against autonomy?


Answer: Falangists

Question: Which civil war group did some Espanyol supporters join?


Answer: derbi

Question: What event is more relevant to Espanyol supporters than to Barcelona fans?


Answer: Spanish

Question: From what language did Espanyol translate their name?


Answer: less political

Question: How has the rivalry between Espanyol and Barcelona changed?


Answer: 474

Context: FC Barcelona's all-time highest goalscorer in all competitions (including friendlies) is Lionel Messi with 474 goals. Messi is also the all-time highest goalscorer for Barcelona in all official competitions, excluding friendlies, with 445 goals. He is the record goalscorer for Barcelona in European (82 goals) and international club competitions (90 goals), and the record league scorer with 305 goals in La Liga. Four players have managed to score over 100 league goals at Barcelona: Lionel Messi (305), César Rodríguez (192), László Kubala (131) and Samuel Eto'o (108).

Question: What is Lionel Messi's goal total in all competitions?


Answer: Four

Question: How many players on the Barelona team have scored over 100 goals?


Answer: 445

Question: What is Messi's total goal scores in official competitions?


Answer: 305

Question: How many goals has Messi scored in La Liga competitions?


Answer: César Rodríguez

Question: Who is the next highest goal scorer after Mess?


Answer: Barcelona

Context: Barcelona won the treble in the 2014–2015 season, winning La Liga, Copa del Rey and UEFA Champions League titles, and became the first European team to have won the treble twice. On 17 May, the club clinched their 23rd La Liga title after defeating Atlético Madrid. This was Barcelona's seventh La Liga title in the last ten years. On 30 May, the club defeated Athletic Bilbao in the Copa del Rey final at Camp Nou. On 6 June, Barcelona won the UEFA Champions League final with a 3–1 win against Juventus, which completed the treble, the club's second in 6 years. Barcelona's attacking trio of Messi, Suárez and Neymar, dubbed MSN, scored 122 goals in all competitions, the most in a season for an attacking trio in Spanish football history.

Question: What team has won the treble competitions twice?


Answer: La Liga

Question: What competition did Barcelona win on May 17 of the 2014-15 season?


Answer: Atlético Madrid

Question: What team did Barcelona defeat to win their 23rd La Liga title?


Answer: MSN

Question: What have the trio of players , Messi, Suarez, and Neymar been called?


Answer: 122

Question: How many total goals have the trio MSN scored in the 2014-15 season?


Answer: UNICEF

Context: Prior to the 2011–2012 season, Barcelona had a long history of avoiding corporate sponsorship on the playing shirts. On 14 July 2006, the club announced a five-year agreement with UNICEF, which includes having the UNICEF logo on their shirts. The agreement had the club donate €1.5 million per year to UNICEF (0.7 percent of its ordinary income, equal to the UN International Aid Target, cf. ODA) via the FC Barcelona Foundation. The FC Barcelona Foundation is an entity set up in 1994 on the suggestion of then-chairman of the Economical-Statutory Committee, Jaime Gil-Aluja. The idea was to set up a foundation that could attract financial sponsorships to support a non-profit sport company. In 2004, a company could become one of 25 "Honorary members" by contributing between £40,000–60,000 (£54,800–82,300) per year. There are also 48 associate memberships available for an annual fee of £14,000 (£19,200) and an unlimited number of "patronages" for the cost of £4,000 per year (£5,500). It is unclear whether the honorary members have any formal say in club policy, but according to the author Anthony King, it is "unlikely that Honorary Membership would not involve at least some informal influence over the club".

Question: What corporate sponsorship did Barcelona agree to in 2006?


Answer: €1.5 million

Question: How much does Barcelona donate to UNICEF per year?


Answer: UN International Aid Target

Question: What target does the Barcelona donation to UNICEF match?


Answer: Jaime Gil-Aluja

Question: Who recommended setting up the FC Barcelona Foundation?


Answer: financial sponsorships

Question: What was the Barcelona foundation meant to attract?


Answer: El Clásico

Context: There is often a fierce rivalry between the two strongest teams in a national league, and this is particularly the case in La Liga, where the game between Barcelona and Real Madrid is known as El Clásico. From the start of national competitions the clubs were seen as representatives of two rival regions in Spain: Catalonia and Castile, as well as of the two cities. The rivalry reflects what many regard as the political and cultural tensions felt between Catalans and the Castilians, seen by one author as a re-enactment of the Spanish Civil War.

Question: What is the game between the rivals Barcelona and Real Madrid called?


Answer: rival regions

Question: What basic difference is there between the teams of Barcelona and Real Madrid?


Answer: Catalonia and Castile

Question: What areas of Spain do the teams of Barcelona and Real Madrid represent?


Answer: political and cultural

Question: What kind of tensions are the two teams viewed as displaying?


Answer: two cities

Question: Besides the areas of Spain, what other differences are there between Barcelona and Real Madrid?


Answer: meet UEFA criteria

Context: In 1980, when the stadium was in need of redesign to meet UEFA criteria, the club raised money by offering supporters the opportunity to inscribe their name on the bricks for a small fee. The idea was popular with supporters, and thousands of people paid the fee. Later this became the centre of controversy when media in Madrid picked up reports that one of the stones was inscribed with the name of long-time Real Madrid chairman and Franco supporter Santiago Bernabéu. In preparation for the 1992 Summer Olympics two tiers of seating were installed above the previous roofline. It has a current capacity of 99,354 making it the largest stadium in Europe.

Question: Why did the stadium need to be redesigned in 1980?


Answer: inscribe their name

Question: What were people allowed to do to bricks for a fee to support the stadium redesign?


Answer: popular

Question: How did supporters of the team view the inscriptions on bricks idea?


Answer: Santiago Bernabéu

Question: What name inscription was a center of controversy?


Answer: 99,354

Question: What is the capacity of the Barcelona stadium?


Answer: compliance

Context: Traditionally, Espanyol was seen by the vast majority of Barcelona's citizens as a club which cultivated a kind of compliance to the central authority, in stark contrast to Barça's revolutionary spirit. Also in the 1960s and 1970s, while FC Barcelona acted as an integrating force for Catalonia's new arrivals from poorer regions of Spain expecting to find a better life, Espanyol drew their support mainly from sectors close to the regime such as policemen, military officers, civil servants and career fascists.

Question: How was Espanyol viewed as being toward Spanish authority by the people of Barcelona?


Answer: Catalonia's new arrivals

Question: What type of supporters did Barcelona attract?


Answer: close to the regime

Question: From where did Espanyol draw their supporters?


Answer: 1960s and 1970s

Question: When did Barcelona act as a draw to new arrivals from Catalan?


Answer: revolutionary

Question: What kind of spirit does Team Barcelona seem to encourage?


Answer: 1900

Context: The blue and red colours of the shirt were first worn in a match against Hispania in 1900. Several competing theories have been put forth for the blue and red design of the Barcelona shirt. The son of the first president, Arthur Witty, claimed it was the idea of his father as the colours were the same as the Merchant Taylor's School team. Another explanation, according to author Toni Strubell, is that the colours are from Robespierre's First Republic. In Catalonia the common perception is that the colours were chosen by Joan Gamper and are those of his home team, FC Basel. The club's most frequently used change colours have been yellow and orange. An away kit featuring the red and yellow stripes of the flag of Catalonia has also been used.

Question: When were the blue and red colors worn for a game by Barcelona?


Answer: Hispania

Question: When the colors were first worn, what team did Barcelona play?


Answer: flag of Catalonia

Question: What do the red and yellow stripes of the away kit symbolize?


Answer: yellow and orange

Question: What are Barcelona's most often used change colors?


Answer: Joan Gamper

Question: From what source do Catalons think the red/blue colors originated?


Answer: 196

Context: After the construction was complete there was no further room for expansion at Les Corts. Back-to-back La Liga titles in 1948 and 1949 and the signing of László Kubala in June 1950, who would later go on to score 196 goals in 256 matches, drew larger crowds to the games. The club began to make plans for a new stadium. The building of Camp Nou commenced on 28 March 1954, before a crowd of 60,000 Barça fans. The first stone of the future stadium was laid in place under the auspices of Governor Felipe Acedo Colunga and with the blessing of Archbishop of Barcelona Gregorio Modrego. Construction took three years and ended on 24 September 1957 with a final cost of 288 million pesetas, 336% over budget.

Question: How many goals did Laszlo Kubala score in 256 matches?


Answer: La Liga

Question: What titles did Barcelona win in 1948 and 1949?


Answer: June 1950

Question: When did Barcelona sign Kubala?


Answer: 1954

Question: In what year did Barcelona begin the construction of a new stadium?


Answer: Archbishop of Barcelona Gregorio Modrego

Question: Who blessed the first stone of the new stadium?


Answer: Barcelona

Context: Barcelona is one of the most supported teams in the world, and has the largest social media following in the world among sports teams. Barcelona's players have won a record number of Ballon d'Or awards (11), as well as a record number of FIFA World Player of the Year awards (7). In 2010, the club made history when three players who came through its youth academy (Messi, Iniesta and Xavi) were chosen as the three best players in the world in the FIFA Ballon d'Or awards, an unprecedented feat for players from the same football school.

Question: Which sports team has the world's largest social media following?


Answer: 11

Question: How Ballon d'Or awards have members of the Barcelona team won?


Answer: 7

Question: How amny FIFA World Player of the Year have members of FC Barcelona won?


Answer: three

Question: How amny of Barcelona's players were picked as the three best players of the year in 2010?


Answer: youth academy

Question: Where did Messi, Iniesta and Xavi learn their football in Barcelona?


Answer: four

Context: With the new stadium, Barcelona participated in the inaugural version of the Pyrenees Cup, which, at the time, consisted of the best teams of Languedoc, Midi and Aquitaine (Southern France), the Basque Country and Catalonia; all were former members of the Marca Hispanica region. The contest was the most prestigious in that era. From the inaugural year in 1910 to 1913, Barcelona won the competition four consecutive times. Carles Comamala played an integral part of the four-time champion, managing the side along with Amechazurra and Jack Greenwell. The latter became the club's first full-time coach in 1917. The last edition was held in 1914 in the city of Barcelona, which local rivals Espanyol won.

Question: How many times did Barcelona win the Pyrenees Cup?


Answer: Marca Hispanica

Question: From what area were the participants of the Pyrenees Cup competition?


Answer: 1910

Question: When was the Pyrenees Cup play begun?


Answer: Jack Greenwell

Question: Who was Barcelona's first full time coach?


Answer: 1914

Question: When was the last Pyrenees Cup played?


Answer: Josep Lluís Núñez

Context: In 1978, Josep Lluís Núñez became the first elected president of FC Barcelona, and, since then, the members of Barcelona have elected the club president. The process of electing a president of FC Barcelona was closely tied to Spain's transition to democracy in 1974 and the end of Franco's dictatorship. The new president's main objective was to develop Barcelona into a world-class club by giving it stability both on and off the pitch. His presidency was to last for 22 years, and it deeply affected the image of Barcelona, as Núñez held to a strict policy regarding wages and discipline, letting go of such players as Maradona, Romário and Ronaldo rather than meeting their demands.

Question: Who was the first elected president of the Barcelona club?


Answer: 1978

Question: When was Nunez elected as president of FC Barcelona?


Answer: members of Barcelona

Question: What group elects the club president?


Answer: 22 years

Question: How long was Nunez president of Barcelona?


Answer: wages and discipline

Question: What was Nunez known to be strict about?


Answer: Real Madrid

Context: The departures of Núñez and van Gaal were hardly noticed by the fans when compared to that of Luís Figo, then club vice-captain. Figo had become a cult hero, and was considered by Catalans to be one of their own. However, Barcelona fans were distraught by Figo's decision to join arch-rivals Real Madrid, and, during subsequent visits to the Camp Nou, Figo was given an extremely hostile reception. Upon his first return, a piglet's head and a full bottle of whiskey were thrown at him from the crowd. The next three years saw the club in decline, and managers came and went. van Gaal was replaced by Llorenç Serra Ferrer who, despite an extensive investment in players in the summer of 2000, presided over a mediocre league campaign and a humiliating first-round Champions League exit, and was eventually dismissed late in the season. Long-serving coach Carles Rexach was appointed as his replacement, initially on a temporary basis, and managed to at least steer the club to the last Champions League spot on the final day of the season. Despite better form in La Liga and a good run to the semi-finals of the Champions League, Rexach was never viewed as a long-term solution and that summer Louis van Gaal returned to the club for a second spell as manager. What followed, despite another decent Champions League performance, was one of the worst La Liga campaigns in the club's history, with the team as low as 15th in February 2003. This led to van Gaal's resignation and replacement for the rest of the campaign by Radomir Antić, though a sixth-place finish was the best that he could manage. At the end of the season, Antić's short-term contract was not renewed, and club president Joan Gaspart resigned, his position having been made completely untenable by such a disastrous season on top of the club's overall decline in fortunes since he became president three years prior.

Question: What team did favorite play Luis Figo leave Barcelona to join?


Answer: hostile

Question: What kind of treatment was Figo offered during visits to Barcelona?


Answer: decline

Question: After Figo's departure what happened the next three years?


Answer: 15th

Question: What rank was club Barcelona in 2003?


Answer: Joan Gaspart

Question: After Barcelona's poor showing in the 2003 season , who resigned from the presidency?


Answer: Luis Enrique

Context: Two days later, it was announced that Luis Enrique would return to Barcelona as head coach, after he agreed to a two-year deal. He was recommended by sporting director Andoni Zubizarreta, his former national teammate. Following Enrique's arrival, Barcelona broke their transfer record when they paid Liverpool F.C. between €81 to €94 million for striker Luis Suárez, who was serving a four-month ban from all football-related activity imposed by the FIFA Disciplinary Committee after biting Italian defender Giorgio Chiellini during his appearance for Uruguay in a World Cup group stage match.

Question: Who returned to Barcelona as head coach?


Answer: two-year

Question: How long did Enrique 's deal as coach run?


Answer: between €81 to €94 million

Question: How much did Barcelona pay for Luis Saurez?


Answer: ban from all football

Question: Why was Saurez not playing for four months?


Answer: FIFA Disciplinary Committee

Question: Who banned Saurez for four months after he bit another player?


Answer: culé

Context: The nickname culé for a Barcelona supporter is derived from the Catalan cul (English: arse), as the spectators at the first stadium, Camp de la Indústria, sat with their culs over the stand. In Spain, about 25% of the population is said to be Barça sympathisers, second behind Real Madrid, supported by 32% of the population. Throughout Europe, Barcelona is the favourite second-choice club. The club's membership figures have seen a significant increase from 100,000 in the 2003–04 season to 170,000 in September 2009, the sharp rise being attributed to the influence of Ronaldinho and then-president Joan Laporta's media strategy that focused on Spanish and English online media.

Question: What is the nickname for a Barcelona supporter?


Answer: 25%

Question: How much of the Spanish population are Barcelona supporters?


Answer: 32%

Question: How much of the population of Spain are supporters of Real Madrid?


Answer: 100,000

Question: What was the club membership in 2003-04?


Answer: 170,000

Question: What did the club membership grow to by 2009?


Answer: Alfredo di Stéfano

Context: During the 1950s the rivalry was exacerbated further when there was a controversy surrounding the transfer of Alfredo di Stéfano, who finally played for Real Madrid and was key to their subsequent success. The 1960s saw the rivalry reach the European stage when they met twice in a controversial knock-out round of the European Cup, with Madrid receiving unfavourable treatment from the referee. In 2002, the European encounter between the clubs was dubbed the "Match of The Century" by Spanish media, and Madrid's win was watched by more than 500 million people.

Question: In 1950 what player was successful for Real Madrid?


Answer: 1960s

Question: When did Barcelona meet Real Madrid twice in Europe?


Answer: Match of The Century

Question: What was a match between Real Madrid and Barcelona called in 2002?


Answer: 500 million

Question: How many people watched the Match of the Century?


Answer: Madrid

Question: Which team won the 2002 match between Real Madrid and Barcelona?


Answer: €752 million

Context: In 2010, Forbes evaluated Barcelona's worth to be around €752 million (USD $1 billion), ranking them fourth after Manchester United, Real Madrid, and Arsenal, based on figures from the 2008–09 season. According to Deloitte, Barcelona had a recorded revenue of €366 million in the same period, ranking second to Real Madrid, who generated €401 million in revenue. In 2013, Forbes magazine ranked Barcelona the third most valuable sports team in the world, behind Real Madrid and Manchester United, with a value of $2.6 billion. In 2014, Forbes ranked them the second most valuable sports team in the world, worth $3.2 billion, and Deloitte ranked them the world's fourth richest football club in terms of revenue, with an annual turnover of €484.6 million.

Question: What did Forbes say Barcelona was worth in 2010?


Answer: fourth

Question: In what place does the Forbes ranking put Barcelona?


Answer: Manchester United

Question: Besides Real Madrid and Arsenal,what other team is ahead of Barcelona in worth ranking?


Answer: €366 million

Question: What was Barcelona's revenue in 2010?


Answer: second

Question: Where in 2014 did Forbes rank Barcelona as to how valuable a sports team they are?


Answer: 2009

Context: Barcelona is the only European club to have played continental football every season since 1955, and one of three clubs to have never been relegated from La Liga, along with Athletic Bilbao and Real Madrid. In 2009, Barcelona became the first club in Spain to win the treble consisting of La Liga, Copa del Rey, and the Champions League. That same year, it also became the first football club ever to win six out of six competitions in a single year, thus completing the sextuple, comprising the aforementioned treble and the Spanish Super Cup, UEFA Super Cup and FIFA Club World Cup. In the 2014–15 season, Barcelona won another historic treble, making them the first club in European football to win the treble twice.

Question: When did Barcelona become the first Spanish team to win the treble competitions?


Answer: single year

Question: In 2009 Barcelona became the first team to win six of six competitions in what span of time?


Answer: Barcelona

Question: What European football team has won the treble twice?


Answer: 2014–15

Question: During which football season did Barcelona win its second treble?


Answer: Barcelona

Question: What team has played continental football every season since 1955?


Answer: 1992

Context: Everton were founder members of the Premier League in 1992, but struggled to find the right manager. Howard Kendall had returned in 1990 but could not repeat his previous success, while his successor, Mike Walker, was statistically the least successful Everton manager to date. When former Everton player Joe Royle took over in 1994 the club's form started to improve; his first game in charge was a 2–0 victory over derby rivals Liverpool. Royle dragged Everton clear of relegation, leading the club to the FA Cup for the fifth time in its history, defeating Manchester United 1–0 in the final.

Question: When was Everton admitted as a member of the Premier League?


Answer: 1990

Question: What year did Howard Kendall return to manage Everton?


Answer: Mike Walker

Question: Who replaced Howard Kendall as Everton's manager?


Answer: 2–0

Question: What was the score in the first Everton game managed by Joe Royle?


Answer: 1994

Question: What year did former Everton player Joe Royle take over managing the club?


Answer: 1787

Context: The Tower has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow in Netherfield Road. The tower was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough".

Question: When was the Tower constructed?


Answer: bridewell

Question: For what purpose was the Tower first used?


Answer: Netherfield

Question: On what road is the Tower located on?


Answer: Nil Satis Nisi Optimum

Question: What is the Everton club motto?


Answer: Nothing but the best is good enough

Question: What does the Everton club motto, "Nil Satis Nisi Optimum," mean in English?


Answer: Johnny Todd

Context: On matchdays, in a tradition going back to 1962, players walk out to the theme tune to Z-Cars, named "Johnny Todd", a traditional Liverpool children's song collected in 1890 by Frank Kidson which tells the story of a sailor betrayed by his lover while away at sea, although on two separate occasions in the 1994, they ran out to different songs. In August 1994, the club played 2 Unlimited's song "Get Ready For This", and a month later, a reworking of the Creedence Clearwater Revival classic "Bad Moon Rising". Both were met with complete disapproval by Everton fans.

Question: What is the name of the theme song that players walk out to on Everton matchdays?


Answer: Liverpool

Question: Where did "Johnny Todd"--the theme song for Everton matchdays--originate?


Answer: 1994

Question: What year did the Everton players walk out to a song other than "Johnny Todd"?


Answer: disapproval

Question: What was the reaction of the crowd to the Everton replacement theme songs in 1994?


Answer: Get Ready For This

Question: What song did the Everton club replace its player walkout theme with in August 1994?


Answer: 111

Context: Everton hold the record for the most seasons in England's top tier (Division One/Premier League), at 111 seasons out of 114 as of 2014–15 (the club played in Division 2 in 1930–31 and from 1951–54). They are one of seven teams to have played all 22 seasons of the Premier League since its inception in August 1992 – the others being Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Liverpool, Manchester United, and Tottenham Hotspur. Everton against Aston Villa is the most played fixture in England's top flight, as of the 2012–13 season the two founder members of the Football League have played a record 196 league games.

Question: How many seasons out of the last 114 has Everton been in England's top tier?


Answer: seven

Question: How many other teams have played all 22 seasons in the Premier League since its inception?


Answer: 1992

Question: When was the Premier League established?


Answer: Everton against Aston Villa

Question: What match has been played the most since the inception of the Premier League?


Answer: 196

Question: How many games has Everton played against Aston Villa?


Answer: 1878

Context: Formed in 1878, Everton were founding members of The Football League in 1888 and won their first league championship two seasons later. Following four league titles and two FA Cup wins, Everton experienced a lull in the immediate post World War Two period until a revival in the 1960s which saw the club win two league championships and an FA Cup. The mid-1980s represented their most recent period of sustained success, with two League Championship successes, an FA Cup, and the 1985 European Cup Winners' Cup. The club's most recent major trophy was the 1995 FA Cup. The club's supporters are known as Evertonians.

Question: When was the Everton club founded?


Answer: 1960s

Question: In what decade did Everton experience a revival?


Answer: 1995

Question: When was Everton's most recent trophy awarded?


Answer: two

Question: How many league championships did Everton win in the 1960s?


Answer: Evertonians

Question: What nickname is used for Everton's club supporters?


Answer: 1931–32

Context: Everton were relegated to the Second Division two years later during internal turmoil at the club. However, the club was promoted at the first attempt scoring a record number of goals in the second division. On return to the top flight in 1931–32, Everton wasted no time in reaffirming their status and won a fourth League title at the first opportunity. Everton also won their second FA Cup in 1933 with a 3–0 win against Manchester City in the final. The era ended in 1938–39 with a fifth League title.

Question: In what season did Everton win their fourth League title?


Answer: 1933

Question: In what year did Everton win their second FA Cup?


Answer: 3–0

Question: What was the score in the final game that Everton won its second FA Cup in 1993 against Manchester City?


Answer: 1938–39

Question: In what season did Everton win its fifth League title?


Answer: 2002

Context: The Everton board finally ran out of patience with Smith and he was sacked in March 2002 after an FA Cup exit at Middlesbrough, with Everton in real danger of relegation. David Moyes, was his replacement and guided Everton to a safe finish in fifteenth place. In 2002–03 Everton finished seventh, their highest finish since 1996. A fourth-place finish in 2004–05, ensured Everton qualified for the Champions League qualifying round. The team failed to make it through to the Champions League group stage and were then eliminated from the UEFA Cup. Everton qualified for the 2007–08 and 2008–09 UEFA Cup competitions and they were runners-up in the 2009 FA Cup Final.

Question: When did the Everton club board fire Smith?


Answer: David Moyes

Question: Who replaced Smith as manager of the Everton FC in 2002?


Answer: seventh

Question: In what place did the Everton FC place in the 2004-05 season?


Answer: runners-up

Question: Where did Everton FC place in the 2009 FA Cup Final?


Answer: 2013

Context: In May 2013, the club launched a new crest to improve the reproducibility of the design in print and broadcast media, particularly on a small scale. Critics[who?] suggested that it was external pressure from sports manufacturers Nike, Inc. that evoked the redesign as the number of colours has been reduced and the radial effect have been removed, making the kit more cost efficient to reproduce.[citation needed] The redesign was poorly received by supporters, with a poll on an Everton fan site registering a 91% negative response to the crest. A protest petition reached over 22,000 signatures before the club offered an apology and announced a new crest would be created for the 2014–15 season with an emphasis on fan consultation. Shortly afterwards, the Head of Marketing left the club.

Question: When did Everton FC launch their new crest?


Answer: Nike

Question: What company did critics suggest pressured Everton FC to change their crest?


Answer: poorly

Question: How was the Everton FC's crest redesign received by fans?


Answer: 91

Question: What percentage of fans had a negative reaction to Everton FC's crest redesign in 2013?


Answer: over 22,000

Question: How many people signed a petition in protest of Everton FC's crest redesign in 2013?


Answer: Stanley

Context: Everton originally played in the southeast corner of Stanley Park, which was the site for the new Liverpool F.C. stadium, with the first official match taking place in 1879. In 1882, a man named J. Cruitt donated land at Priory Road which became the club's home before they moved to Anfield, which was Everton's home until 1892. At this time, a dispute of how the club was to be owned and run emerged with Anfield's owner and Everton's chairman, John Houlding. A dispute between Houlding and the club's committee over how the club should be run, led to Houlding attempting to gain full control of the club by registering the company, "Everton F.C. and Athletic Grounds Ltd". In response, Everton left Anfield for a new ground, Goodison Park, where the club have played ever since. Houlding attempted to take over Everton's name, colours, fixtures and league position, but was denied by The Football Association. Instead, Houlding formed a new club, Liverpool F.C.

Question: In which park did Everton FC originally play?


Answer: Stanley Park

Question: Where was the new Liverpool FC stadium located in 1879?


Answer: J. Cruitt

Question: Who donated land to Everton FC in 1882?


Answer: John Houlding

Question: Who was the chairman of the Everton FC in 1892?


Answer: Anfield

Question: Where did Everton FC relocate their games to in 1892?


Answer: 55,000

Context: There have been indications since 1996 that Everton will move to a new stadium. The original plan was for a new 60,000-seat stadium to be built, but in 2000 a proposal was submitted to build a 55,000 seat stadium as part of the King's Dock regeneration. This was unsuccessful as Everton failed to generate the £30 million needed for a half stake in the stadium project, with the city council rejecting the proposal in 2003. Late in 2004, driven by Liverpool Council and the Northwest Development Corporation, the club entered talks with Liverpool F.C. about sharing a proposed stadium on Stanley Park. Negotiations broke down as Everton failed to raise 50% of the costs. On 11 January 2005, Liverpool announced that ground-sharing was not a possibility, proceeding to plan their own Stanley Park Stadium.

Question: How many seats did the proposal for the new Everton stadium feature in 2000?


Answer: £30 million

Question: How much money did Everton FC need to generate for a half-stake in the new stadium project in 2000?


Answer: 2003

Question: In what year did the Liverpool city council reject Everton FC's new stadium proposal?


Answer: 2005

Question: In what year did Liverpool announce that they would build their own Stanley Park Stadium?


Answer: Liverpool

Question: What team did Everton FC consider sharing grounds with around the year 2000?


Answer: eighth

Context: Everton have a large fanbase, with the eighth highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008–09 season. The majority of Everton's matchday support comes from the North West of England, primarily Merseyside, Cheshire, West Lancashire and parts of Western Greater Manchester along with many fans who travel from North Wales and Ireland. Within the city of Liverpool support for Everton and city rivals Liverpool is not determined by geographical basis with supporters mixed across the city. However Everton's support heartland is traditionally based in the North West of the city and in the southern parts of Sefton. Everton also have many supporters' clubs worldwide, in places such as North America, Singapore, Indonesia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Thailand, and Australia. The official supporters club is FOREVERTON, and there are also several fanzines including When Skies are Grey and Speke from the Harbour, which are sold around Goodison Park on match days.

Question: What place did Everton FC rank in highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008-09 season?


Answer: North West of England

Question: Where does the majority of Everton's matchday support hail from?


Answer: FOREVERTON

Question: What is the name of Everton's official supporters club?


Answer: Goodison Park

Question: Where can you find fanzines sold on Everton match days?


Answer: Roberto Martínez

Context: Current manager, Roberto Martínez, is the fourteenth permanent holder of the position since it was established in 1939. There have also been four caretaker managers, and before 1939 the team was selected by either the club secretary or by committee. The club's longest-serving manager has been Harry Catterick, who was in charge of the team from 1961–73, taking in 594 first team matches. The Everton manager to win most domestic and international trophies is Howard Kendall, who won two Division One championships, the 1984 FA Cup, the 1984 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, and three Charity Shields.

Question: Who is the current manager of the Everton Football Club?


Answer: four

Question: How many caretaker managers have their been in the Everton FC's history?


Answer: Harry Catterick

Question: Who was the Everton FC team's longest serving manager?


Answer: 1961–73

Question: When did Harry Catterick manage the Everton Football Club?


Answer: Howard Kendall

Question: Which Everton manager won the most domestic and international trophies during his time?


Answer: 1961

Context: Everton's second successful era started when Harry Catterick was made manager in 1961. In 1962–63, his second season in charge, Everton won the League title and in 1966 the FA Cup followed with a 3–2 win over Sheffield Wednesday. Everton again reached the final in 1968, but this time were unable to overcome West Bromwich Albion at Wembley. Two seasons later in 1969–70, Everton won the League championship, nine points clear of nearest rivals Leeds United. During this period, Everton were the first English club to achieve five consecutive years in European competitions—seasons 1961–62 to 1966–67.

Question: In what year did Everton's second successful era begin?


Answer: Harry Catterick

Question: Who was the manager when Everton's second successful era began in 1961?


Answer: 1966

Question: In what year did Everton win the FA cup in a 3-2 win over Sheffield?


Answer: Wembley

Question: In what year did Everton lose the FA cup final to West Bromwich Albion?


Answer: Liverpool

Context: On 16 June 2006, it was announced that Everton had entered into talks with Knowsley Council and Tesco over the possibility of building a new 55,000 seat stadium, expandable to over 60,000, in Kirkby. The club took the unusual move of giving its supporters a say in the club's future by holding a ballot on the proposal, finding a split of 59% to 41% in favour. Opponents to the plan included other local councils concerned by the effect of a large Tesco store being built as part of the development, and a group of fans demanding that Everton should remain within the city boundaries of Liverpool.

Question: Where did a group of fans demand that Everton remain within the city boundaries of?


Answer: 2006

Question: In what year was it revealed that Everton had entered talks to build a new 55,000 seat stadium in Kirkby?


Answer: Knowsley Council and Tesco

Question: Who did Everton enter talks with to build a new 55,000 seat stadium in Kirkby?


Answer: 59

Question: What percentage of fans were supportive of Everton's plans to build a new stadium in 2006?


Answer: 7,000

Context: Everton regularly take large numbers away from home both domestically and in European fixtures. The club implements a loyalty points scheme offering the first opportunity to purchase away tickets to season ticket holders who have attended the most away matches. Everton often sell out the full allocation in away grounds and tickets sell particularly well for North West England away matches. In October 2009, Everton took 7,000 travelling fans to Benfica, their largest ever away crowd in Europe since the 1985 European Cup Winners' Cup Final.

Question: How many travelling fans did Everton bring with them to Benefica in 2009?


Answer: loyalty points

Question: How does the Everton FC promote fans to purchase away tickets?


Answer: 2009

Question: In what year did Everton take 7,000 travelling fans with them to an away game?


Answer: 1985

Question: Aside from 2009, in what year did Everton FC bring the most fans with them to an away game?


Answer: the board of directors

Context: Everton F.C. is a limited company with the board of directors holding a majority of the shares. The club's most recent accounts, from May 2014, show a net total debt of £28.1 million, with a turnover of £120.5 million and a profit of £28.2 million. The club's overdraft with Barclays Bank is secured against the Premier League's "Basic Award Fund", a guaranteed sum given to clubs for competing in the Premier League. Everton agreed a long-term loan of £30 million with Bear Stearns and Prudential plc in 2002 over the duration of 25 years; a consolidation of debts at the time as well as a source of capital for new player acquisitions. Goodison Park is secured as collateral.

Question: Who holds a majority of the shares in the Everton FC?


Answer: Basic Award Fund

Question: What is the Everton FC's overdraft with Barclays Bank secured against?


Answer: competing in the Premier League

Question: What is the Premier League's "Basic Award Fund" for?


Answer: £30 million

Question: How much money did Everton FC borrow from Bear Stearns and Prudential in 2002?


Answer: 25 years

Question: How long does Everton FC have to pay back £30 million they borrowed from Bear Stearns and Prudential?


Answer: Liverpool

Context: Everton's biggest rivalry is with neighbours Liverpool, against whom they contest the Merseyside derby. The Merseyside derby is usually a sellout fixture, and has been known as the "friendly derby" because both sets of fans can often be seen side by side red and blue inside the stadium both at Anfield and Goodison Park. Recently on the field, matches tend to be extremely stormy affairs; the derby has had more red cards than any other fixture in Premiership history. The rivalry stems from an internal dispute between Everton officials and the owners of Anfield, which was then Everton's home ground, resulting in Everton moving to Goodison Park, and the subsequent formation of Liverpool F.C., in 1892.

Question: Who is the Everton Football Club's biggest rivals?


Answer: Merseyside

Question: What derby does Everton FC contest against Liverpool?


Answer: 1892

Question: In what year was the Liverpool Football Club established?


Answer: Goodison Park

Question: Where did Everton FC move to that began their rivalry with Liverpool?


Answer: the "friendly derby"

Question: The Merseyside derby is also known as?


Answer: Neville Southall

Context: Neville Southall holds the record for the most Everton appearances, having played 751 first-team matches between 1981 and 1997, and previously held the record for the most league clean sheets during a season (15). During the 2008–09 season, this record was beaten by American goalkeeper Tim Howard (17). The late centre half and former captain Brian Labone comes second, having played 534 times. The longest serving player is Goalkeeper Ted Sagar who played for 23 years between 1929 and 1953, both sides of the Second World War, making a total of 495 appearances. The club's top goalscorer, with 383 goals in all competitions, is Dixie Dean; the second-highest goalscorer is Graeme Sharp with 159. Dean still holds the English national record of most goals in a season, with 60.

Question: What player holds the Everton Football Club record for most appearances?


Answer: Tim Howard

Question: Who currently holds the record for the most league clean sheets during a season?


Answer: Brian Labone

Question: Which former captain made 534 appearances with the Everton Football Club?


Answer: Ted Sagar

Question: Who was the longest serving goalkeeper for the Everton FC?


Answer: 23

Question: How many years did Ted Sagar play for the Everton Football Club?


Answer: 78,299

Context: The record attendance for an Everton home match is 78,299 against Liverpool on 18 September 1948. Amazingly, there was only 1 injury at this game-Tom Fleetwood was hit on the head by a coin thrown from the crowd whilst he marched around the perimeter with St Edward's Orphanage Band, playing the cornet. Goodison Park, like all major English football grounds since the recommendations of the Taylor Report were implemented, is now an all-seater and only holds just under 40,000, meaning it is unlikely that this attendance record will ever be broken at Goodison. Everton's record transfer paid was to Chelsea for Belgian forward Romelu Lukaku for a sum of £28m. Everton bought the player after he played the previous year with the team on loan.

Question: How many fans were in attendance during Everton's match against Liverpool on September 18, 1948?


Answer: 1

Question: How many fans were injured in Everton's 1948 match against Liverpool that drew the largest crowd they've had?


Answer: Tom Fleetwood

Question: Who was injured during Everton's record attendance match against Liverpool in 1948?


Answer: under 40,000

Question: How many people does Goodison Park stadium hold?


Answer: £28m

Question: How much did Everton FC pay to transfer Belgian forward Romelu Lukaku?


Answer: Tigers

Context: The club also owned and operated a professional basketball team, by the name of Everton Tigers, who compete in the elite British Basketball League. The team was launched in the summer of 2007 as part of the clubs' Community programme, and play their home games at the Greenbank Sports Academy. The team was an amalgam of the Toxteth Tigers community youth programme which started in 1968. The team quickly became one of the most successful in the league winning the BBL Cup in 2009 and the play-offs in 2010. However Everton withdrew funding before the 2010–11 season and the team was re launched as the Mersey Tigers.

Question: What was the name of Everton's professional basketball team?


Answer: British Basketball League

Question: In which league do the Everton Tigers compete?


Answer: 2007

Question: When was the Everton Tigers team launched?


Answer: Greenbank Sports Academy

Question: Where do the Everton Tigers play their home games?


Answer: 2009

Question: When did the Everton Tigers win the BBL Cup?


Answer: Everton de Viña del Mar

Context: Everton also have links with Chilean team Everton de Viña del Mar who were named after the English club. On 4 August 2010, the two Evertons played each other in a friendly named the Copa Hermandad at Goodison Park to mark the centenary of the Chilean team, an occasion organised by The Ruleteros Society, a society founded to promote connections between the two clubs. Other Evertons exist in Rosario in Colonia Department, Uruguay, La Plata, and Río Cuarto in Argentina, Elk Grove, California in the United States, and in Cork, Ireland.

Question: What is the name of the Chilean team that has ties to the Everton FC?


Answer: 2010

Question: When did the two Everton Football Clubs (English and Chilean) face off against one another?


Answer: The Ruleteros Society

Question: Who organized the friendly match between the English and Chilean Everton football clubs in 2010?


Answer: Elk Grove

Question: What US city also has an Everton football team?


Answer: 1984

Context: The club have entered the UK pop charts on four occasions under different titles during the 1980s and 1990s when many clubs released a song to mark their reaching the FA Cup Final. "The Boys in Blue", released in 1984, peaked at number 82. The following year the club scored their biggest hit when "Here We Go" peaked at 14. In 1986 the club released "Everybody's Cheering The Blues" which reached number 83. "All Together Now", a reworking of a song by Merseyside band The Farm, was released for the 1995 FA Cup Final and reached number 27. When the club next reached the 2009 FA Cup Final, the tradition had passed into history and no song was released.

Question: What year did the Everton FC release their UK pop song "The Boys in Blue"?


Answer: 14

Question: What position did the song "Here We Go" by the Everton FC peak at on the UK pop charts in 1985?


Answer: Everybody's Cheering The Blues

Question: What was the name of the song that the Everton Football Club released in 1986?


Answer: The Farm

Question: Who originally sang the song "All Together Now" that was reworked and released by Everton Football Club in 1995?


Answer: four

Question: How many times has the Everton FC entered the UK pop charts?


Answer: Dave Watson

Context: The cup triumph was also Everton's passport to the Cup Winners' Cup—their first European campaign in the post-Heysel era. Progress under Joe Royle continued in 1995–96 as they climbed to sixth place in the Premiership. A fifteenth-place finish the following season saw Royle resign towards the end of the campaign, to be temporarily replaced by club captain, Dave Watson. Howard Kendall was appointed Everton manager for the third time in 1997, but the appointment proved unsuccessful as Everton finished seventeenth in the Premiership; only avoiding relegation due to their superior goal difference over Bolton Wanderers. Former Rangers manager Walter Smith then took over from Kendall in the summer of 1998 but only managed three successive finishes in the bottom half of the table.

Question: Who temporarily replaced Joe Royle as club captain after he resigned?


Answer: 1997

Question: In what year was Howard Kendall appointed manager of the Everton FC for the third time?


Answer: Walter Smith

Question: Who took over for Howard Kendall after his third attempt at managing the Everton FC was unsuccessful?


Answer: three

Question: How many successive finishes did Walter Smith manage for the Everton FC?


Answer: seventeenth

Question: What rank did Everton place in the 1997 Premiership league?


Answer: 1901

Context: Everton have had many other nicknames over the years. When the black kit was worn Everton were nicknamed "The Black Watch", after the famous army regiment. Since going blue in 1901, Everton have been given the simple nickname "The Blues". Everton's attractive style of play led to Steve Bloomer calling the team "scientific" in 1928, which is thought to have inspired the nickname "The School of Science". The battling 1995 FA Cup winning side were known as "The Dogs of War". When David Moyes arrived as manager he proclaimed Everton as "The People's Club", which has been adopted as a semi-official club nickname.

Question: What year did the Everton Football Club "go blue"?


Answer: scientific

Question: How did Steve Bloomer describe Everton's style of play in 1928?


Answer: The People's Club

Question: What is Everton Football Club's semi-official club nickname?


Answer: The Black Watch

Question: What was Everton's nickname when they wore black before 1901?


Answer: The Dogs of War

Question: What was Everton Football Club called after winning the 1995 FA Cup?


Answer: Old English

Context: Old English (Ænglisc, Anglisc, Englisc) or Anglo-Saxon is the earliest historical form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers probably in the mid 5th century, and the first Old English literary works date from the mid 7th century. After the Norman Conquest of 1066, English was replaced for a time as the language of the upper classes by Anglo-Norman, a relative of French, and Old English developed into the next historical form of English, known as Middle English.

Question: What is the name of the English language's earliest form?


Answer: southern and eastern

Question: In what parts of Scotland was Old English spoken?


Answer: the early Middle Ages

Question: in what historical period was Old English spoken?


Answer: Anglo-Saxon settlers

Question: What people brought Old English to Britain?


Answer: Middle English

Question: What language developed from Old English?


Answer: Kentish

Context: The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.

Question: Along with West Saxon, Northumbrian and Mercian, what was one of the four main dialects of Old English?


Answer: Anglian

Question: What is a term that collectively refers to Northumbrian and Mercian?


Answer: Humber

Question: Geographically, what river was Northumbria north of?


Answer: Humber

Question: What river was the Mercian region south of?


Answer: Kentish

Question: Which of the Old English dialects covered the smallest geograhical region?


Answer: Latin

Context: Old English contained a certain number of loanwords from Latin, which was the scholarly and diplomatic lingua franca of Western Europe. It is sometimes possible to give approximate dates for the borrowing of individual Latin words based on which patterns of sound change they have undergone. Some Latin words had already been borrowed into the Germanic languages before the ancestral Angles and Saxons left continental Europe for Britain. More entered the language when the Anglo-Saxons were converted to Christianity and Latin-speaking priests became influential. It was also through Irish Christian missionaries that the Latin alphabet was introduced and adapted for the writing of Old English, replacing the earlier runic system. Nonetheless, the largest transfer of Latin-based (mainly Old French) words into English occurred after the Norman Conquest of 1066, and thus in the Middle English rather than the Old English period.

Question: From what language did Old English borrow some words?


Answer: Irish Christian missionaries

Question: What individuals introduced the Latin alphabet to the speakers of Old English?


Answer: Old French

Question: After the Norman Conquest, Latin words entered English via what language?


Answer: runic system

Question: Before the introduction of the Latin alphabet, how was Old English written?


Answer: 1066

Question: In what year did the Norman Conquest occur?


Answer: grammatical

Context: Old English nouns had grammatical gender, a feature absent in modern English, which uses only natural gender. For example, the words sunne ("sun"), mōna ("moon") and wīf ("woman/wife") were respectively feminine, masculine and neuter; this is reflected, among other things, in the form of the definite article used with these nouns: sēo sunne ("the sun"), se mōna ("the moon"), þæt wīf ("the woman/wife"). Pronoun usage could reflect either natural or grammatical gender, when those conflicted (as in the case of wīf, a neuter noun referring to a female person).

Question: What type of gender did Old English nouns possess?


Answer: natural

Question: What type of gender is present in modern English nouns?


Answer: sunne

Question: What was a feminine word in Old English?


Answer: neuter

Question: What was the grammatical gender of the Old English word for wife?


Answer: mōna

Question: What was a masculine word in Old English?


Answer: u

Context: The Latin alphabet of the time still lacked the letters ⟨j⟩ and ⟨w⟩, and there was no ⟨v⟩ as distinct from ⟨u⟩; moreover native Old English spellings did not use ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩ or ⟨z⟩. The remaining 20 Latin letters were supplemented by four more: ⟨æ⟩ (æsc, modern ash) and ⟨ð⟩ (ðæt, now called eth or edh), which were modified Latin letters, and thorn ⟨þ⟩ and wynn ⟨ƿ⟩, which are borrowings from the futhorc. A few letter pairs were used as digraphs, representing a single sound. Also used was the Tironian note ⟨⁊⟩ (a character similar to the digit 7) for the conjunction and, and a thorn with a crossbar through the ascender for the pronoun þæt. Macrons over vowels were originally used not to mark long vowels (as in modern editions), but to indicate stress, or as abbreviations for a following m or n.

Question: When the Latin alphabet was introduced to Old English, what letter was the same as v?


Answer: q

Question: Along with k and z, what Latin letter was not used in Old English?


Answer: thorn

Question: What is the term for the letter þ?


Answer: ƿ

Question: What number was the Tironian note visually similar to?


Answer: wynn

Question: What was the term for the letter ƿ?


Answer: Beowulf

Context: The first example is taken from the opening lines of the folk-epic Beowulf, a poem of some 3,000 lines and the single greatest work of Old English. This passage describes how Hrothgar's legendary ancestor Scyld was found as a baby, washed ashore, and adopted by a noble family. The translation is literal and represents the original poetic word order. As such, it is not typical of Old English prose. The modern cognates of original words have been used whenever practical to give a close approximation of the feel of the original poem.

Question: What is regarded as the greatest literary work in Old English?


Answer: 3,000

Question: About how many lines was Beowulf?


Answer: Scyld

Question: Who was Hrothgar a descendant of?


Answer: a noble family

Question: Who adopted Hrothgar's ancestor?


Answer: West Germanic

Context: Old English is one of the West Germanic languages, and its closest relatives are Old Frisian and Old Saxon. Like other old Germanic languages, it is very different from Modern English and difficult for Modern English speakers to understand without study. Old English grammar is quite similar to that of modern German: nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and verbs have many inflectional endings and forms, and word order is much freer. The oldest Old English inscriptions were written using a runic system, but from about the 9th century this was replaced by a version of the Latin alphabet.

Question: To what language group does Old English belong?


Answer: Old Frisian

Question: Along with Old Saxon, what language is closely related to Old English?


Answer: German

Question: To what modern language is Old English similar?


Answer: 9th

Question: In what century did the Latin alphabet replace the runic system in Old English writing?


Answer: Ælfric of Eynsham

Context: A later literary standard, dating from the later 10th century, arose under the influence of Bishop Æthelwold of Winchester, and was followed by such writers as the prolific Ælfric of Eynsham ("the Grammarian"). This form of the language is known as the "Winchester standard", or more commonly as Late West Saxon. It is considered to represent the "classical" form of Old English. It retained its position of prestige until the time of the Norman Conquest, after which English ceased for a time to be of importance as a literary language.

Question: Who was known by the nickname "the Grammarian"?


Answer: Bishop Æthelwold of Winchester

Question: What churchman was influential in the development of the Winchester standard?


Answer: 10th

Question: In what century did the Winchester standard arise?


Answer: Late West Saxon

Question: What is another term for the Winchester standard?


Answer: the Norman Conquest

Question: What event led to English temporarily losing its importance as a literary language?


Answer: 700

Context: Old English was not static, and its usage covered a period of 700 years, from the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain in the 5th century to the late 11th century, some time after the Norman invasion. While indicating that the establishment of dates is an arbitrary process, Albert Baugh dates Old English from 450 to 1150, a period of full inflections, a synthetic language. Perhaps around 85 per cent of Old English words are no longer in use, but those that survived, to be sure, are basic elements of Modern English vocabulary.

Question: For about how many years was Old English used?


Answer: 5th

Question: In what century was Old English first used?


Answer: 11th

Question: In what century did Old English cease to be used?


Answer: 450 to 1150

Question: According to Albert Baugh, what was the period in which Old English was used?


Answer: 85

Question: About what percentage of Old English words are not present in Modern English?


Answer: Mercian

Context: Due to the centralisation of power and the Viking invasions, there is relatively little written record of the non-Wessex dialects after Alfred's unification. Some Mercian texts continued to be written, however, and the influence of Mercian is apparent in some of the translations produced under Alfred's programme, many of which were produced by Mercian scholars. Other dialects certainly continued to be spoken, as is evidenced by the continued variation between their successors in Middle and Modern English. In fact, what would become the standard forms of Middle English and of Modern English are descended from Mercian rather than West Saxon, while Scots developed from the Northumbrian dialect. It was once claimed that, owing to its position at the heart of the Kingdom of Wessex, the relics of Anglo-Saxon accent, idiom and vocabulary were best preserved in the dialect of Somerset.

Question: From what Old English dialect is the standard for of Modern English descended?


Answer: Northumbrian

Question: From what Old English dialect did Scots derive?


Answer: the Viking invasions

Question: Along with centralization, what reason is given for the lack of records in non-Wessex dialects after the unification of Alfred?


Answer: Somerset

Question: What modern dialect is sometimes regarded as being similar to that of the historical Kingdom of Wessex?


Answer: Danish

Context: The strength of the Viking influence on Old English appears from the fact that the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence; the best evidence of Scandinavian influence appears in the extensive word borrowings for, as Jespersen indicates, no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time to give certain evidence of an influence on syntax. The change to Old English from Old Norse was substantive, pervasive, and of a democratic character. Old Norse and Old English resembled each other closely like cousins and with some words in common, they roughly understood each other; in time the inflections melted away and the analytic pattern emerged. It is most “important to recognize that in many words the English and Scandinavian language differed chiefly in their inflectional elements. The body of the word was so nearly the same in the two languages that only the endings would put obstacles in the way of mutual understanding. In the mixed population which existed in the Danelaw these endings must have led to much confusion, tending gradually to become obscured and finally lost.” This blending of peoples and languages happily resulted in “simplifying English grammar.”

Question: What language influenced Old English as a result of the Viking invasions?


Answer: Old Norse

Question: What language was spoken in Northern England after the Viking invasions?


Answer: inflectional

Question: Between the English and Scandinavian language, what elements were most different?


Answer: morphological diversity

Context: Unlike Modern English, Old English is a language rich in morphological diversity. It maintains several distinct cases: the nominative, accusative, genitive, dative and (vestigially) instrumental. The only remnants of this system in Modern English are in the forms of a few pronouns (such as I/me/mine, she/her, who/whom/whose) and in the possessive ending -'s, which derives from the old (masculine and neuter) genitive ending -es. In Old English, however, nouns and their modifying words take appropriate endings depending on their case.

Question: What trait does Old English possess that Modern English lacks?


Answer: accusative

Question: Along with the nominative, genitive, dative and instrumental, what case did Old English possess?


Answer: -es

Question: The Modern English ending -'s is derived from what ending in Old English?


Answer: their case

Question: In Old English, noun endings vary on what basis?


Answer: Old Norse

Context: The influence of Old Norse certainly helped move English from a synthetic language along the continuum to a more analytic word order, and Old Norse most likely made a greater impact on the English language than any other language. The eagerness of Vikings in the Danelaw to communicate with their southern Anglo-Saxon neighbors produced a friction that led to the erosion of the complicated inflectional word-endings. Simeon Potter notes: “No less far-reaching was the influence of Scandinavian upon the inflexional endings of English in hastening that wearing away and leveling of grammatical forms which gradually spread from north to south. It was, after all, a salutary influence. The gain was greater than the loss. There was a gain in directness, in clarity, and in strength.”

Question: What language had the greatest influence on English?


Answer: the Danelaw

Question: What was the name of the area in England ruled by the Vikings?


Answer: Simeon Potter

Question: Who argued that the influence of Old Norse caused English to become a clearer, stronger and more direct language?


Answer: word-endings

Question: What parts of English grammar declined as a result of Old Norse influence?


Answer: past

Context: The form of the verb varies with person (first, second and third), number (singular and plural), tense (present and past), and mood (indicative, subjunctive and imperative). Old English also sometimes uses compound constructions to express other verbal aspects, the future and the passive voice; in these we see the beginnings of the compound tenses of Modern English. Old English verbs include strong verbs, which form the past tense by altering the root vowel, and weak verbs, which use a suffix such as -de. As in Modern English, and peculiar to the Germanic languages, the verbs formed two great classes: weak (regular), and strong (irregular). Like today, Old English had fewer strong verbs, and many of these have over time decayed into weak forms. Then, as now, dental suffixes indicated the past tense of the weak verbs, as in work and worked.

Question: Along with the present, what was a verb tense in Old English?


Answer: indicative, subjunctive and imperative

Question: What were the three moods that caused verb variation in Old English?


Answer: third

Question: Along with the first and second, what person influenced verb variation in Old English?


Answer: -de

Question: What is an example of a suffix used by Old English weak verbs?


Answer: altering the root vowel

Question: How did Old English strong verbs express the past tense?


Answer: West Germanic

Context: Old English is a West Germanic language, developing out of Ingvaeonic (also known as North Sea Germanic) dialects from the 5th century. It came to be spoken over most of the territory of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms which became the Kingdom of England. This included most of present-day England, as well as part of what is now southeastern Scotland, which for several centuries belonged to the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria. Other parts of the island – Wales and most of Scotland – continued to use Celtic languages, except in the areas of Scandinavian settlements where Old Norse was spoken. Celtic speech also remained established in certain parts of England: Medieval Cornish was spoken all over Cornwall and in adjacent parts of Devon, while Cumbric survived perhaps to the 12th century in parts of Cumbria, and Welsh may have been spoken on the English side of the Anglo-Welsh border. Norse was also widely spoken in the parts of England which fell under Danish law.

Question: What language family does Old English belong to?


Answer: North Sea Germanic

Question: What is another name for Ingvaeonic?


Answer: 5th

Question: In what century did Old English first develop?


Answer: Northumbria

Question: What Anglo-Saxon kingdom ruled parts of modern-day Scotland?


Answer: Medieval Cornish

Question: What language was spoken in Cornwall?


Answer: the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

Context: Some of the most important surviving works of Old English literature are Beowulf, an epic poem; the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a record of early English history; the Franks Casket, an inscribed early whalebone artefact; and Cædmon's Hymn, a Christian religious poem. There are also a number of extant prose works, such as sermons and saints' lives, biblical translations, and translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers, legal documents, such as laws and wills, and practical works on grammar, medicine, and geography. Still, poetry is considered the heart of Old English literature. Nearly all Anglo-Saxon authors are anonymous, with a few exceptions, such as Bede and Cædmon. Cædmon, the earliest English poet we know by name, served as a lay brother in the monastery at Whitby.

Question: What is an important Old English historical record?


Answer: Cædmon's Hymn

Question: What is an important Old English religious poem?


Answer: an epic poem

Question: What type of literary work is Beowulf?


Answer: Cædmon

Question: Who is the earliest English poet known by name?


Answer: Whitby

Question: Where did Cædmon live?


Answer: North Sea Germanic

Context: Old English developed from a set of Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanic dialects originally spoken by Germanic tribes traditionally known as the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. As the Anglo-Saxons became dominant in England, their language replaced the languages of Roman Britain: Common Brittonic, a Celtic language, and Latin, brought to Britain by Roman invasion. Old English had four main dialects, associated with particular Anglo-Saxon kingdoms: Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish and West Saxon. It was West Saxon that formed the basis for the literary standard of the later Old English period, although the dominant forms of Middle and Modern English would develop mainly from Mercian. The speech of eastern and northern parts of England was subject to strong Old Norse influence due to Scandinavian rule and settlement beginning in the 9th century.

Question: What is another name for Anglo-Frisian?


Answer: Celtic

Question: What language family did Common Brittonic belong to?


Answer: Roman invasion

Question: How was the Latin language brought to Britain?


Answer: 9th

Question: In what century did Scandinavian settlement begin in northern England?


Answer: Jutes

Question: Along with the Angles and Saxons, what tribe spoke Anglo-Frisian?


Answer: Pastoral Care

Context: With the unification of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (outside the Danelaw) by Alfred the Great in the later 9th century, the language of government and literature became standardised around the West Saxon dialect (Early West Saxon). Alfred advocated education in English alongside Latin, and had many works translated into the English language; some of them, such as Pope Gregory I's treatise Pastoral Care, appear to have been translated by Alfred himself. In Old English, typical of the development of literature, poetry arose before prose, but King Alfred the Great (871 to 901) chiefly inspired the growth of prose.

Question: What treatise was written by Pope Gregory?


Answer: West Saxon

Question: What dialect did Alfred's government use?


Answer: 9th

Question: In what century did Alfred unify Anglo-Saxon England?


Answer: 871

Question: When did Alfred the Great's reign begin?


Answer: Alfred the Great

Question: What king unified the Anglo-Saxon realms in England?


Answer: Mercia

Context: Each of these four dialects was associated with an independent kingdom on the island. Of these, Northumbria south of the Tyne, and most of Mercia, were overrun by the Vikings during the 9th century. The portion of Mercia that was successfully defended, and all of Kent, were then integrated into Wessex under Alfred the Great. From that time on, the West Saxon dialect (then in the form now known as Early West Saxon) became standardised as the language of government, and as the basis for the many works of literature and religious materials produced or translated from Latin in that period.

Question: Along with Northumbria, what kingdom was invaded by the Vikings?


Answer: Kent

Question: Along with the part of Mercia not conquered by the Vikings, what other kingdom was combined with Wessex by Alfred?


Answer: Early West Saxon

Question: What is the modern name for the West Saxon dialect of Alfred's time?


Answer: Latin

Question: From what language was literature notably translated into West Saxon?


Answer: Tyne

Question: North of what river in Northumbria was the kingdom not overrun by the Vikings?


Answer: 11th

Context: Another source of loanwords was Old Norse, which came into contact with Old English via the Scandinavian rulers and settlers in the Danelaw from the late 9th century, and during the rule of Cnut and other Danish kings in the early 11th century. Many place-names in eastern and northern England are of Scandinavian origin. Norse borrowings are relatively rare in Old English literature, being mostly terms relating to government and administration. The literary standard, however, was based on the West Saxon dialect, away from the main area of Scandinavian influence; the impact of Norse may have been greater in the eastern and northern dialects. Certainly in Middle English texts, which are more often based on eastern dialects, a strong Norse influence becomes apparent. Modern English contains a great many, often everyday, words that were borrowed from Old Norse, and the grammatical simplification that occurred after the Old English period is also often attributed to Norse influence.

Question: During what century did Cnut rule?


Answer: Danish

Question: What was Cnut's nationality?


Answer: 9th

Question: During what century did Scandinavians begin to settle in England?


Answer: Old Norse

Question: What language was a source for English loanwords that are still used today?


Answer: northern

Question: Along with eastern England, what part of England contains many place names of Scandinavian origin?


Answer: palatal

Context: Modern editions of Old English manuscripts generally introduce some additional conventions. The modern forms of Latin letters are used, including ⟨g⟩ in place of the insular G, ⟨s⟩ for long S, and others which may differ considerably from the insular script, notably ⟨e⟩, ⟨f⟩ and ⟨r⟩. Macrons are used to indicate long vowels, where usually no distinction was made between long and short vowels in the originals. (In some older editions an acute accent mark was used for consistency with Old Norse conventions.) Additionally, modern editions often distinguish between velar and palatal ⟨c⟩ and ⟨g⟩ by placing dots above the palatals: ⟨ċ⟩, ⟨ġ⟩. The letter wynn ⟨ƿ⟩ is usually replaced with ⟨w⟩, but æsc, eth and thorn are normally retained (except when eth is replaced by thorn).

Question: What form of c, when written, contains a dot over the letter?


Answer: w

Question: What conventional letter from the Latin alphabet typically replaces the wynn from Old English?


Answer: g

Question: What letter from the Latin alphabet replaces the Old English insular G?


Answer: s

Question: What Latin letter is used in place of the Old English long S?


Answer: thorn

Question: When eth is replaced, what is it replaced by?


Answer: Neo-Paganism

Context: Like other historical languages, Old English has been used by scholars and enthusiasts of later periods to create texts either imitating Anglo-Saxon literature or deliberately transferring it to a different cultural context. Examples include Alistair Campbell and J. R. R. Tolkien. A number of websites devoted to Neo-Paganism and Historical re-enactment offer reference material and forums promoting the active use of Old English. By far the most ambitious project[peacock term] is the Old English Wikipedia, but most of the Neo-Old English texts published online bear little resemblance to the historical model and are riddled with very basic grammatical mistakes.

Question: What modern religion sometimes uses Old English?


Answer: Historical re-enactment

Question: What hobby champions the use of Old English?


Answer: Alistair Campbell

Question: Along with Tolkien, what modern scholar notably made use of Old English?


Answer: the Old English Wikipedia

Question: What Wikipedia project makes use of the Old English language?


Answer: Neo-Old English

Question: What is a term for modern texts written in Old English?


Answer: fleet carrier

Context: A fleet carrier is intended to operate with the main fleet and usually provides an offensive capability. These are the largest carriers capable of fast speeds. By comparison, escort carriers were developed to provide defense for convoys of ships. They were smaller and slower with lower numbers of aircraft carried. Most were built from mercantile hulls or, in the case of merchant aircraft carriers, were bulk cargo ships with a flight deck added on top. Light aircraft carriers were carriers that were fast enough to operate with the fleet but of smaller size with reduced aircraft capacity. Soviet aircraft carriers now in use by Russia are actually called heavy aviation cruisers, these ships while sized in the range of large fleet carriers were designed to deploy alone or with escorts and provide both strong defensive weaponry and heavy offensive missiles equivalent to a guided missile cruiser in addition to supporting fighters and helicopters.

Question: What type of carrier is the largest?


Answer: offensive

Question: What capability does a fleet carrier offer?


Answer: to provide defense for convoys of ships

Question: What purpose were excort carriers developed for?


Answer: mercantile hulls

Question: What were most escort carriers built from?


Answer: heavy aviation cruisers

Question: What are the soviet aircraft carriers used by Russia actually called?


Answer: Escort

Context: This new-found importance of naval aviation forced nations to create a number of carriers, in efforts to provide air superiority cover for every major fleet in order to ward off enemy aircraft. This extensive usage required the construction of several new 'light' carriers. Escort aircraft carriers, such as USS Bogue, were sometimes purpose-built, but most were converted from merchant ships as a stop-gap measure to provide anti-submarine air support for convoys and amphibious invasions. Following this concept, light aircraft carriers built by the US, such as USS Independence, represented a larger, more "militarized" version of the escort carrier. Although with similar complement to Escort carriers, they had the advantage of speed from their converted cruiser hulls. The UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier was designed for building quickly by civilian shipyards and with an expected service life of about 3 years. They served the Royal Navy during the war and was the hull design chosen for nearly all aircraft carrier equipped navies after the war until the 1980s. Emergencies also spurred the creation or conversion of highly unconventional aircraft carriers. CAM ships, were cargo-carrying merchant ships that could launch (but not retrieve) a single fighter aircraft from a catapult to defend the convoy from long range German aircraft.

Question: What type of aircraft carrier was the USS Bogue?


Answer: light

Question: What type of aircraft was the USS Independence?


Answer: speed

Question: What advantage did light carriers have over escort carriers?


Answer: 3 years

Question: What was the expected serice life of the UK 1942 Design Light Fleet Carrier?


Answer: Royal Navy

Question: Who did the UK 1941 Design Light Fleet Carriers serve during the war?


Answer: 2016

Context: Speaking in St. Petersburg, Russia on 30 June 2011, the head of Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation said his company expected to begin design work for a new carrier in 2016, with a goal of beginning construction in 2018 and having the carrier achieve initial operational capability by 2023. Several months later, on 3 November 2011 the Russian newspaper Izvestiya reported that the naval building plan now included (first) the construction of a new shipyard capable of building large hull ships, after which Moscow will build two (80,000 tons full load each) nuclear-powered aircraft carriers by 2027. The spokesperson said one carrier would be assigned to the Russian Navy's Northern Fleet at Murmansk, and the second would be stationed with the Pacific Fleet at Vladivostok.

Question: When did Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation expect to begin design work for a new carrier?


Answer: 2023

Question: What year was the goal for Russia's new carrier to achieve initial operational capability?


Answer: Russian newspaper

Question: What was Izvestiya?


Answer: Murmansk

Question: Where was the Northern Fleets nuclear-powered aircraft carrier supposed to be stationed?


Answer: Vladivostok

Question: Where was the Pacific Fleets nuclear-powered aircraft carrier supposed to be stationed?


Answer: aircraft carriers

Context: As "runways at sea", aircraft carriers have a flat-top flight deck, which launches and recovers aircraft. Aircraft launch forward, into the wind, and are recovered from astern. The flight deck is where the most notable differences between a carrier and a land runway are found. Creating such a surface at sea poses constraints on the carrier – for example, the fact that it is a ship means that a full-length runway would be costly to construct and maintain. This affects take-off procedure, as a shorter runway length of the deck requires that aircraft accelerate more quickly to gain lift. This either requires a thrust boost, a vertical component to its velocity, or a reduced take-off load (to lower mass). The differing types of deck configuration, as above, influence the structure of the flight deck. The form of launch assistance a carrier provides is strongly related to the types of aircraft embarked and the design of the carrier itself.

Question: What are typically regarded as "runways at sea"?


Answer: flat-top flight deck

Question: What design feature do aircraft carriers feature to aid in launching and recovering aircraft?


Answer: The flight deck

Question: Where are the most notable differences between a carrier and a land runway found?


Answer: a full-length runway would be costly to construct and maintain

Question: What is a primary reason that ships have shorter runways than land runways have?


Answer: accelerate more quickly to gain lift

Question: What do aircraft need to do when using shorter runway lengths?


Answer: early 1950s

Context: Since the early 1950s on conventional carriers it has been the practice to recover aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship. The primary function of this angled deck is to allow aircraft that miss the arresting wires, referred to as a bolter, to become airborne again without the risk of hitting aircraft parked forward. The angled deck allows the installation of one or two "waist" catapults in addition to the two bow cats. An angled deck also improves launch and recovery cycle flexibility with the option of simultaneous launching and recovery of aircraft.

Question: When did conventional carriers start recovering aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship?


Answer: hitting aircraft parked forward

Question: What risk is avoided by aircraft by using an angled deck?


Answer: one or two

Question: How many "waist" catapults can be installed with an angled deck?


Answer: two

Question: How man bow cats can be installed with an angled deck?


Answer: An angled deck

Question: What aircraft design feature improves launch and recovery cycle flexibilty?


Answer: the forward end of the flight deck

Context: Another deck structure that can be seen is a ski-jump ramp at the forward end of the flight deck. This was first developed to help launch STOVL aircraft take off at far higher weights than is possible with a vertical or rolling takeoff on flat decks. Originally developed by the Royal Navy, it since has been adopted by many navies for smaller carriers. A ski-jump ramp works by converting some of the forward rolling movement of the aircraft into vertical velocity and is sometimes combined with the aiming of jet thrust partly downwards. This allows heavily loaded and fueled aircraft a few more precious seconds to attain sufficient air velocity and lift to sustain normal flight. Without a ski-jump launching fully loaded and fueled aircraft such as the Harrier would not be possible on a smaller flat deck ship before either stalling out or crashing directly into the sea.

Question: Where are ski-jump ramps located on aircraft carriers?


Answer: take off at far higher weights

Question: What did ski-jump ramps allow STOVL aircraft to do that they couldn't do with a flat deck??


Answer: the Royal Navy

Question: Who originally developed the ski-jump ramp?


Answer: some of the forward rolling movement of the aircraft into vertical velocity

Question: What does a ski-jump ramp convert in order to be successful?


Answer: either stalling out or crashing directly into the sea

Question: What does the ski-jump ramp prevent a fully loaded and fueled aircraft from doing?


Answer: full-length

Context: An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project air power worldwide without depending on local bases for staging aircraft operations. Aircraft carriers are expensive to build and are critical assets. Aircraft carriers have evolved from converted cruisers to nuclear-powered warships that carry numerous fighter planes, strike aircraft, helicopters, and other types of aircraft.

Question: What type of flight decks are aircraft carriers equipped with?


Answer: carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering

Question: What purpose do aircraft carriers serve for aircraft?


Answer: An aircraft carrier

Question: Typically, what is the capital ship of any fleet?


Answer: nuclear-powered warships

Question: What have the old converted cruiser aircraft carriers evolved into?


Answer: project air power worldwide without depending on local bases

Question: What do aircraft carriers allow naval forces to accomplish?


Answer: 1903

Context: The 1903 advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft was closely followed in 1910 by the first experimental take-off of an airplane, made from the deck of a United States Navy vessel (cruiser USS Birmingham), and the first experimental landings were conducted in 1911. On 9 May 1912 the first airplane take-off from a ship underway was made from the deck of the British Royal Navy's HMS Hibernia. Seaplane tender support ships came next, with the French Foudre of 1911. In September 1914 the Imperial Japanese Navy Wakamiya conducted the world's first successful ship-launched air raid: on 6 September 1914 a Farman aircraft launched by Wakamiya attacked the Austro-Hungarian cruiser SMS Kaiserin Elisabeth and the German gunboat Jaguar in Kiaochow Bay off Tsingtao; neither was hit. The first carrier-launched airstrike was the Tondern Raid in July 1918. Seven Sopwith Camels launched from the converted battlecruiser HMS Furious damaged the German airbase at Tønder and destroyed two zeppelins.

Question: In what year was the advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft?


Answer: 1910

Question: In what year was the first experimental take-off of an airplane?


Answer: 1911

Question: In what year were the first experimental landings of an airplane?


Answer: the Tondern Raid in July 1918

Question: What was the first carrier-launched airstrike?


Answer: the world's first successful ship-launched air raid

Question: What did the Imperial Japanese Navy Wakamiya conduct in September 1914?


Answer: the battleship

Context: Modern navies that operate such aircraft carriers treat them as the capital ship of the fleet, a role previously held by the battleship. This change took place during World War II in response to air power becoming a significant factor in warfare, driven by the superior range, flexibility and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft. Following the war, carrier operations continued to increase in size and importance. Supercarriers, displacing 75,000 tonnes or greater, have become the pinnacle of carrier development. Some are powered by nuclear reactors and form the core of a fleet designed to operate far from home. Amphibious assault ships, such as USS Tarawa and HMS Ocean, serve the purpose of carrying and landing Marines, and operate a large contingent of helicopters for that purpose. Also known as "commando carriers" or "helicopter carriers", many have the capability to operate VSTOL aircraft.

Question: Which ship was originally known as being the capital ship of the fleet?


Answer: World War II

Question: When did aircraft carriers begin being know as the capital ship of the fleet?


Answer: Supercarriers

Question: What type of carrier is capable of displacing 75,000 tonnes or greater?