Answer: to help feed and support the family

Context: Many factors played a role in Britain’s long-term economic growth, such as the industrial revolution in the late 1700s and the prominent presence of child labour during the industrial age. Children who worked at an early age were often not forced; but did so because they needed to help their family survive financially. Due to poor employment opportunities for many parents, sending their children to work on farms and in factories was a way to help feed and support the family. Child Labour first started to occur in England when household businesses were turned into local labour markets that mass-produced the once homemade goods. Because children often helped produce the goods out of their homes, working in a factory to make those same goods was a simple change for many of these youths. Although there are many counts of children under the age of ten working for factories, the majority of children workers were between the ages of ten and fourteen. This age range was an important time for many youths as they were first helping to provide for their families; while also transitioning to save for their own future families.

Question: If not forced why did children work?


Answer: between the ages of ten and fourteen

Question: What was the age of the majority of child workers in Britain?


Answer: they were first helping to provide for their families; while also transitioning to save for their own future families

Question: Why was this age range important?


Answer: poor

Question: How were the work oppurtunies for parents during this time period?


Answer: financially

Context: Besides the obligation, many children had to help support their families financially; another factor that influenced child labour was the demographic changes that occurred in the eighteenth century. By the end of the eighteenth century, 20 percent of the population was made up of children between the ages of 5 and 14. Due to this substantial shift in available workers, and the development of the industrial revolution, children began to work earlier in life in companies outside of the home. Yet, even though there was an increase of child labour in factories such as cotton textiles, there consistently was large numbers of children working in the field of agriculture and domestic production.

Question: What type of support did child give to their families by working?


Answer: cotton textiles

Question: What type of factories saw an increased need for child labour?


Answer: large numbers of children working in the field of agriculture

Question: Was there an increase or decrease in the field of agriculture?


Answer: illiteracy

Context: With such a high percentage of children working, the rising of illiteracy, and the lack of a formal education became a widespread issue for many children who worked to provide for their families. Due to this problematic trend, many parents developed a change of opinion when deciding whether or not to send their children to work. Other factors that lead to the decline of child labour included financial changes in the economy, changes in the development of technology, raised wages, and continuous regulations on factory legislation.

Question: What became an issue for the working child?


Answer: many parents developed a change of opinion

Question: Was illiteracy a factor in changing the minds of parents of child labourers?


Answer: financial changes in the economy, changes in the development of technology, raised wages, and continuous regulations on factory legislation

Question: What are the reasons that lead to a decline of child labour?


Answer: 1966

Context: The first legal steps taken to end the occurrence of child labour was enacted more than fifty years ago. In 1966, the nation adopted the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. This act legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14. But 23 years later in 1989 the Convention on the Rights of Children was adopted and helped to reduce the exploitation of children and demanded safe working environments. They all worked towards the goal of ending the most problematic forms of child labour.

Question: When was the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enacted?


Answer: legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14

Question: What did this act due?


Answer: 1989

Question: When were safe working environments legislation adopted for child labourers?


Answer: helped to reduce the exploitation of children

Question: What did it help do to?


Answer: 23 June 1757

Context: On 23 June 1757, the English East India Company defeated Siraj-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Bengal, in the Battle of Plassey. The British thus became masters of east India (Bengal, Bihar, Orissa) – a prosperous region with a flourishing agriculture, industry and trade. This led to a large amount of children being forced into labour due to the increasing need of cheap labour to produce large numbers of goods. Many multinationals often employed children because that they can be recruited for less pay, and have more endurance to utilise in factory environments. Another reason many Indian children were hired was because they lack knowledge of their basic rights, they did not cause trouble or complain, and they were often more trustworthy. The innocence that comes with childhood was utilised to make a profit by many and was encouraged by the need for family income.

Question: When did the English East India Company defeat Siraj-ud-Daula?


Answer: British

Question: Who was the master of the east of India?


Answer: increasing need of cheap labour

Question: Why were many children employed?


Answer: lack knowledge of their basic rights

Question: What was the primary reason for India children being employed?


Answer: they did not cause trouble or complain

Question: How did India child workers act?


Answer: one-fourth

Context: A variety of Indian social scientists as well as the Non-Governmental Organization (NGOs) have done extensive research on the numeric figures of child labour found in India and determined that India contributes to one-third of Asia’s child labour and one-fourth of the world's child labour. Due to a large number of children being illegally employed, the Indian government began to take extensive actions to reduce the number of children working, and to focus on the importance of facilitating the proper growth and development of children.

Question: How much of the world's child labour does India's workers contribute to?


Answer: one-third

Question: How many Asian child workers are from India?


Answer: extensive actions to reduce the number of children working, and to focus on the importance of facilitating the proper growth and development of children.

Question: Did the India goverment take any actions against child labour?


Answer: 1924

Context: International influences help to encourage legal actions to be taken in India, such as the Geneva Declaration of the Right of Children Act was passed in 1924. This act was followed by The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 to which incorporated the basic human rights and needs of children for proper progression and growth in their younger years. These international acts encouraged major changes to the workforce in India which occurred in 1986 when the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act was put into place. This act prohibited hiring children younger than the age of 14, and from working in hazardous conditions.

Question: When did the Geneva Declaration of the Right of Children Act pass?


Answer: encouraged major changes to the workforce

Question: What did the international acts do?


Answer: 14

Question: What is the age limit now in India for child workers?


Answer: hazardous conditions

Question: What child working conditions are they protected from?


Answer: 1950s

Context: From the 1950s on, the students were also used for unpaid work at schools, where they cleaned and performed repairs. This practice has continued in the Russian Federation, where up to 21 days of the summer holidays is sometimes set aside for school works. By law, this is only allowed as part of specialized occupational training and with the students' and parents' permission, but those provisions are widely ignored. In 2012 there was an accident near city of Nalchik where a car killed several pupils cleaning up a highway shoulder during their "holiday work" as well as their teacher who was supervising them.

Question: When were students used as workers?


Answer: 21 days

Question: For Russian student workers how many summer days were devoted to work?


Answer: this is only allowed as part of specialized occupational training and with the students' and parents' permission

Question: Did they need parental consent?


Answer: 2012

Question: What year were students killed as part of a road cleanup project?


Answer: Uzbekistan

Context: Out of former Soviet Union republics Uzbekistan continued and expanded the program of child labour on industrial scale to increase profits on the main source of Islam Karimov's income, cotton harvesting. In September, when school normally starts, the classes are suspended and children are sent to cotton fields for work, where they are assigned daily quotas of 20 to 60 kg of raw cotton they have to collect. This process is repeated in spring, when collected cotton needs to be hoed and weeded. In 2006 it is estimated that 2.7 million children were forced to work this way.

Question: What former Soviet Union continued child labour programs?


Answer: cotton harvesting

Question: What was the main source of income for Islam Karimov?


Answer: daily quotas of 20 to 60 kg of raw cotton

Question: Did they have daily quotas for cotton?


Answer: 2.7 million

Question: What are the 2016 estimates for child labour in regards to cotton picking?


Answer: chimney sweep children

Context: As in many other countries, child labour in Switzerland affected among the so-called Kaminfegerkinder ("chimney sweep children") and chidren working p.e. in spinning mills, factories and in agriculture in 19th-century Switzerland, but also to the 1960s so-called Verdingkinder (literally: "contract children" or "indentured child laborers") were children who were taken from their parents, often due to poverty or moral reasons – usually mothers being unmarried, very poor citizens, of Gypsy–Yeniche origin, so-called Kinder der Landstrasse, etc. – and sent to live with new families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour.

Question: What is Kaminfegerkinder?


Answer: spinning mills, factories and in agriculture

Question: What types of child labour did Switzerland employ?


Answer: poor farmers who needed cheap labour

Question: Where did the children go to work primarily in Switzerland?


Answer: children were handed over to the farmer asking the least amount of money

Context: There were even Verdingkinder auctions where children were handed over to the farmer asking the least amount of money from the authorities, thus securing cheap labour for his farm and relieving the authority from the financial burden of looking after the children. In the 1930s 20% of all agricultural labourers in the Canton of Bern were children below the age of 15. Swiss municipality guardianship authorities acted so, commonly tolerated by federal authorities, to the 1960s, not all of them of course, but usually communities affected of low taxes in some Swiss cantons Swiss historian Marco Leuenberger investigated, that in 1930 there were some 35,000 indentured children, and between 1920 and 1970 more than 100,000 are believed to have been placed with families or homes. 10,000 Verdingkinder are still alive. Therefore, the so-called Wiedergutmachungsinitiative was started in April 2014. In April 2014 the collection of targeted at least authenticated 100,000 signatures of Swiss citizens has started, and still have to be collected to October 2015.

Question: What happened at Verdingkinder auctions?


Answer: 35,000

Question: In 1930s how many indentured children were there?


Answer: 100,000

Question: How many Swiss citizen signatures were collected?


Answer: 151

Context: In 1999, ILO helped lead the Worst Forms Convention 182 (C182), which has so far been signed upon and domestically ratified by 151 countries including the United States. This international law prohibits worst forms of child labour, defined as all forms of slavery and slavery-like practices, such as child trafficking, debt bondage, and forced labour, including forced recruitment of children into armed conflict. The law also prohibits the use of a child for prostitution or the production of pornography, child labour in illicit activities such as drug production and trafficking; and in hazardous work. Both the Worst Forms Convention (C182) and the Minimum Age Convention (C138) are examples of international labour standards implemented through the ILO that deal with child labour.

Question: How many countries have signed the Worst Forms Convention 183 (C182)?


Answer: all forms of slavery

Question: What types of child labour does this prohibit?


Answer: Minimum Age Convention (C138)

Question: What other international laws deal with child labour?


Answer: International Program on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC)

Context: In addition to setting the international law, the United Nations initiated International Program on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) in 1992. This initiative aims to progressively eliminate child labour through strengthening national capacities to address some of the causes of child labour. Amongst the key initiative is the so-called time-bounded programme countries, where child labour is most prevalent and schooling opportunities lacking. The initiative seeks to achieve amongst other things, universal primary school availability. The IPEC has expanded to at least the following target countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, El Salvador, Nepal, Tanzania, Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, Philippines, Senegal, South Africa and Turkey.

Question: What did the United Nations take charge of with regards to child labour?


Answer: progressively eliminate child labour

Question: What is the aim of this?


Answer: Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt

Question: What are some of the target countries?


Answer: universal primary school

Question: What do they want to do with regards to schooling of young children?


Answer: amendment to the Fair Labour Standards Act of 1938

Context: In 2004, the United States passed an amendment to the Fair Labour Standards Act of 1938. The amendment allows certain children aged 14–18 to work in or outside a business where machinery is used to process wood. The law aims to respect the religious and cultural needs of the Amish community of the United States. The Amish believe that one effective way to educate children is on the job. The new law allows Amish children the ability to work with their families, once they are passed eighth grade in school.

Question: What did the United States pass in 2004?


Answer: aged 14–18

Question: What is the age of US children allowed to work outside of the home?


Answer: Amish

Question: What culture in the US benefits from this Act?


Answer: eighth grade

Question: What grade do Amish children need to pass in order to be able to work for their families?


Answer: agreed to a number of exceptions for young people in its child labour laws

Context: Similarly, in 1996, member countries of the European Union, per Directive 94/33/EC, agreed to a number of exceptions for young people in its child labour laws. Under these rules, children of various ages may work in cultural, artistic, sporting or advertising activities if authorised by the competent authority. Children above the age of 13 may perform light work for a limited number of hours per week in other economic activities as defined at the discretion of each country. Additionally, the European law exception allows children aged 14 years or over to work as part of a work/training scheme. The EU Directive clarified that these exceptions do not allow child labour where the children may experience harmful exposure to dangerous substances. Nonetheless, many children under the age of 13 do work, even in the most developed countries of the EU. For instance, a recent study showed over a third of Dutch twelve-year-old kids had a job, the most common being babysitting.

Question: What happened in the European Union in 1996?


Answer: 13

Question: What age were children allowed to do light labour?


Answer: aged 14 years or over

Question: What age were children able to take part in European training programs?


Answer: babysitting

Question: What is the most common occupation for Dutch youth to have?


Answer: leads to poor labour standards

Context: Some scholars[who?] suggest any labour by children aged 18 years or less is wrong since this encourages illiteracy, inhumane work and lower investment in human capital. Child labour, claim these activists, also leads to poor labour standards for adults, depresses the wages of adults in developing countries as well as the developed countries, and dooms the third world economies to low-skill jobs only capable of producing poor quality cheap exports. More children that work in poor countries, the fewer and worse-paid are the jobs for adults in these countries. In other words, there are moral and economic reasons that justify a blanket ban on labour from children aged 18 years or less, everywhere in the world.

Question: What does child labour do for adults?


Answer: depresses the wages of adults in developing countries as well as the developed countries

Question: What happens to the wages of adults?


Answer: low-skill jobs only capable of producing poor quality cheap exports

Question: What are the implications for third world countries with regards to child labour?


Answer: there are moral and economic reasons that justify a blanket ban on labour

Question: Does ending child labour have a global value?


Answer: poverty

Context: Other scholars[who?] suggest that these arguments are flawed, ignores history and more laws will do more harm than good. According to them, child labour is merely the symptom of a greater disease named poverty. If laws ban all lawful work that enables the poor to survive, informal economy, illicit operations and underground businesses will thrive. These will increase abuse of the children. In poor countries with very high incidence rates of child labour - such as Ethiopia, Chad, Niger and Nepal - schools are not available, and the few schools that exist offer poor quality education or are unaffordable. The alternatives for children who currently work, claim these studies, are worse: grinding subsistence farming, militia or prostitution. Child labour is not a choice, it is a necessity, the only option for survival. It is currently the least undesirable of a set of very bad choices.

Question: What do some scholars agress is the "disease" of child labour?


Answer: These will increase abuse of the children. In poor countries with very high incidence rates of child labour

Question: Do these scholars argue for or against ending child labour?


Answer: only option for survival

Question: What do these scholars argue for keeping child labour as a practice?


Answer: economic development

Context: These scholars suggest, from their studies of economic and social data, that early 20th-century child labour in Europe and the United States ended in large part as a result of the economic development of the formal regulated economy, technology development and general prosperity. Child labour laws and ILO conventions came later. Edmonds suggests, even in contemporary times, the incidence of child labour in Vietnam has rapidly reduced following economic reforms and GDP growth. These scholars suggest economic engagement, emphasis on opening quality schools rather than more laws and expanding economically relevant skill development opportunities in the third world. International legal actions, such as trade sanctions increase child labour.

Question: What caused child labour to decrease in the 20th century?


Answer: economic reforms

Question: What caused child labour to decrease in Vietnam?


Answer: emphasis on opening quality schools rather than more laws and expanding economically relevant skill development opportunities in the third world

Question: What do these scholars suggest with regards to child labour reductions?


Answer: increase child labour

Question: What do international actions do according to these scholars?


Answer: UNICEF

Context: In 1998, UNICEF reported that Ivory Coast farmers used enslaved children – many from surrounding countries. In late 2000 a BBC documentary reported the use of enslaved children in the production of cocoa—the main ingredient in chocolate— in West Africa. Other media followed by reporting widespread child slavery and child trafficking in the production of cocoa. In 2001, the US State Department estimated there were 15,000 child slaves cocoa, cotton and coffee farms in the Ivory Coast, and the Chocolate Manufacturers Association acknowledged that child slavery is used in the cocoa harvest.[not in citation given][better source needed]

Question: Who reported Ivory Coast farmers usage of child labour?


Answer: production of cocoa

Question: What do child labourers work on in West Africa?


Answer: 15,000

Question: How many child slaves were reported in cocoa, coffee and cotton farms?


Answer: Malian

Context: Malian migrants have long worked on cocoa farms in the Ivory Coast, but in 2000 cocoa prices had dropped to a 10-year low and some farmers stopped paying their employees. The Malian counsel had to rescue some boys who had not been paid for five years and who were beaten if they tried to run away. Malian officials believed that 15,000 children, some as young as 11 years old, were working in the Ivory Coast in 2001. These children were often from poor families or the slums and were sold to work in other countries. Parents were told the children would find work and send money home, but once the children left home, they often worked in conditions resembling slavery. In other cases, children begging for food were lured from bus stations and sold as slaves. In 2002, the Ivory Coast had 12,000 children with no relatives nearby, which suggested they were trafficked, likely from neighboring Mali, Burkina Faso and Togo.

Question: What migrants worked on the Ivory Coast?


Answer: stopped paying their employees

Question: After a 10 year low in prices what did some farmers resort to?


Answer: slums

Question: Where did the children mainly come from?


Answer: bus stations

Question: Where were begging children often targeted for being sold into slavery?


Answer: cocoa industry

Context: The cocoa industry was accused of profiting from child slavery and trafficking. The European Cocoa Association dismissed these accusations as "false and excessive" and the industry said the reports were not representative of all areas. Later the industry acknowledged the working conditions for children were unsatisfactory and children's rights were sometimes violated and acknowledged the claims could not be ignored. In a BBC interview, the ambassador for Ivory Coast to the United Kingdom called these reports of widespread use of slave child labour by 700,000 cocoa farmers as absurd and inaccurate.

Question: What industry was accused of profiting from child labour?


Answer: European Cocoa Association

Question: Who dismissed the allegations?


Answer: 700,000

Question: What are the figures for cocoa farmers using child labour?


Answer: ambassador for Ivory Coast to the United Kingdom

Question: Who claimed these reports as being inaccurate?


Answer: voluntary

Context: In 2001, a voluntary agreement called the Harkin-Engel Protocol, was accepted by the international cocoa and chocolate industry to eliminate the worst forms of child labour, as defined by ILO's Convention 182, in West Africa. This agreement created a foundation named International Cocoa Initiative in 2002. The foundation claims it has, as of 2011, active programs in 290 cocoa growing communities in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, reaching a total population of 689,000 people to help eliminate the worst forms of child labour in cocoa industry. Other organisations claim progress has been made, but the protocol's 2005 deadlines have not yet been met.

Question: What type of agreement was the 2001 Harkin-Engel Protocol?


Answer: International Cocoa Initiative

Question: What was the foundation that was the direct result of the agreement?


Answer: 290

Question: How many active programs does the foundation have?


Answer: have not yet been met

Question: What happened to the 2005 deadlines?


Answer: Congo

Context: In 2008, Bloomberg claimed child labour in copper and cobalt mines that supplied Chinese companies in Congo. The children are creuseurs, that is they dig the ore by hand, carry sacks of ores on their backs, and these are then purchased by these companies. Over 60 of Katanga's 75 processing plants are owned by Chinese companies and 90 percent of the region's minerals go to China. An African NGO report claimed 80,000 child labourers under the age of 15, or about 40% of all miners, were supplying ore to Chinese companies in this African region. Amnesty International alleged in 2016 that some cobalt sold by Congo Dongfang Mining was produced by child labor, and that it was being used in lithium-ion batteries powering electric cars and mobile devices worldwide.

Question: Who was the supplier of copper and cobalt to China?


Answer: they dig the ore by hand, carry sacks of ores on their backs

Question: What are child creuseurs?


Answer: 90 percent

Question: What percent of materials go to China?


Answer: lithium-ion batteries powering electric cars and mobile devices worldwide

Question: What is the cobalt used for?


Answer: mining and smelting operations of Africa

Context: BBC, in 2012, accused Glencore of using child labour in its mining and smelting operations of Africa. Glencore denied it used child labour, and said it has strict policy of not using child labour. The company claimed it has a strict policy whereby all copper was mined correctly, placed in bags with numbered seals and then sent to the smelter. Glencore mentioned being aware of child miners who were part of a group of artisanal miners who had without authorisation raided the concession awarded to the company since 2010; Glencore has been pleading with the government to remove the artisanal miners from the concession.

Question: What did the BBC say that Glencore used child labour for in 2012?


Answer: denied

Question: What did Glencore say in regards to the allegations?


Answer: being aware of child miners

Question: What did Glencore admit to with regards to child labor?


Answer: gold

Context: Small-scale artisanal mining of gold is another source of dangerous child labour in poor rural areas in certain parts of the world. This form of mining uses labour-intensive and low-tech methods. It is informal sector of the economy. Human Rights Watch group estimates that about 12 percent of global gold production comes from artisanal mines. In west Africa, in countries such as Mali - the third largest exporter of gold in Africa - between 20,000 and 40,000 children work in artisanal mining. Locally known as orpaillage, children as young as 6 years old work with their families. These children and families suffer chronic exposure to toxic chemicals including mercury, and do hazardous work such as digging shafts and working underground, pulling up, carrying and crushing the ore. The poor work practices harm the long term health of children, as well as release hundreds of tons of mercury every year into local rivers, ground water and lakes. Gold is important to the economy of Mali and Ghana. For Mali, it is the second largest earner of its export revenue. For many poor families with children, it is the primary and sometimes the only source of income.

Question: What is another source of mining dangerous to children workers?


Answer: Mali

Question: What is the third largest exporter of gold in Africa?


Answer: it is the second largest earner of its export revenue

Question: Why is gold vital to the people of Mali?


Answer: primary and sometimes the only source of income

Question: What is the gold production income of poor families in Mali?


Answer: 57

Context: In early August 2008, Iowa Labour Commissioner David Neil announced that his department had found that Agriprocessors, a kosher meatpacking company in Postville which had recently been raided by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, had employed 57 minors, some as young as 14, in violation of state law prohibiting anyone under 18 from working in a meatpacking plant. Neil announced that he was turning the case over to the state Attorney General for prosecution, claiming that his department's inquiry had discovered "egregious violations of virtually every aspect of Iowa's child labour laws." Agriprocessors claimed that it was at a loss to understand the allegations. Agriprocessors' CEO went to trial on these charges in state court on 4 May 2010. After a five-week trial he was found not guilty of all 57 charges of child labour violations by the Black Hawk County District Court jury in Waterloo, Iowa, on 7 June 2010.

Question: How many minors did Agriprocessors employ?


Answer: claimed that it was at a loss to understand the allegations

Question: What did Agriprocessors say in regards to the allegations?


Answer: 4 May 2010

Question: When did the CEO go on trial?


Answer: not guilty of all 57 charges of child labour violations by the Black Hawk County District Court jury in Waterloo, Iowa, on 7 June 2010.

Question: What was the verdict?


Answer: Anti-Slavery International and the Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF)

Context: In December 2009, campaigners in the UK called on two leading high street retailers to stop selling clothes made with cotton which may have been picked by children. Anti-Slavery International and the Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) accused H&M and Zara of using cotton suppliers in Bangladesh. It is also suspected that many of their raw materials originates from Uzbekistan, where children aged 10 are forced to work in the fields. The activists were calling to ban the use of Uzbek cotton and implement a "track and trace" systems to guarantee an ethical responsible source of the material.

Question: Who accused H&M of using products made by child labours?


Answer: Zara

Question: Who else did they accuse of using child labor products?


Answer: Bangladesh

Question: What country did the cotton come from that was picked by children?


Answer: "track and trace" systems

Question: What are activists trying to get implemented?


Answer: Primark

Context: In 2008, the BBC reported that the company Primark was using child labor in the manufacture of clothing. In particular, a £4 hand-embroidered shirt was the starting point of a documentary produced by BBC's Panorama programme. The programme asks consumers to ask themselves, "Why am I only paying £4 for a hand embroidered top? This item looks handmade. Who made it for such little cost?", in addition to exposing the violent side of the child labour industry in countries where child exploitation is prevalent.

Question: Who did the BBC in 2008 report as using child labor?


Answer: clothing

Question: What does Primark produce?


Answer: "Why am I only paying £4 for a hand embroidered top?

Question: What did the BBC program make their viewers question?


Answer: the violent side of the child labour industry

Question: What else did the BBC expose?


Answer: three years

Context: Primark continued to investigate the allegations for three years, concluding that BBC report was a fake. In 2011, following an investigation by the BBC Trust’s Editorial Standards Committee, the BBC announced, "Having carefully scrutinised all of the relevant evidence, the committee concluded that, on the balance of probabilities, it was more likely than not that the Bangalore footage was not authentic." BBC subsequently apologised for faking footage, and returned the television award for investigative reporting.

Question: How many years was Primark investigated for?


Answer: fake

Question: What did they claim about the BBC report?


Answer: apologised for faking footage

Question: What did the BBC do?


Answer: returned the television award

Question: What happened to the reward the BBC received?


Answer: may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution

Context: Concerns have often been raised over the buying public's moral complicity in purchasing products assembled or otherwise manufactured in developing countries with child labour. However, others have raised concerns that boycotting products manufactured through child labour may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution or agriculture. For example, a UNICEF study found that after the Child Labour Deterrence Act was introduced in the US, an estimated 50,000 children were dismissed from their garment industry jobs in Bangladesh, leaving many to resort to jobs such as "stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution", jobs that are "more hazardous and exploitative than garment production". The study suggests that boycotts are "blunt instruments with long-term consequences, that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."

Question: What do some feel may happen if child labour products were completely rejected by society as a whole?


Answer: stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution"

Question: What happened to the 50,000 children in the UNICEF study?


Answer: that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."

Question: What does the study say in regards to boycotts?


Answer: agriculture

Context: According to Milton Friedman, before the Industrial Revolution virtually all children worked in agriculture. During the Industrial Revolution many of these children moved from farm work to factory work. Over time, as real wages rose, parents became able to afford to send their children to school instead of work and as a result child labour declined, both before and after legislation. Austrian School economist Murray Rothbard said that British and American children of the pre- and post-Industrial Revolution lived and suffered in infinitely worse conditions where jobs were not available for them and went "voluntarily and gladly" to work in factories.

Question: Where did children work prior to the Industrial Revolution?


Answer: virtually all

Question: How many children worked?


Answer: factory work

Question: Where did children go to work after doing farm work for so long?


Answer: send their children to school instead of work

Question: What did parents do when the wages were finally raised?


Answer: University of Houston

Context: According to Thomas DeGregori, an economics professor at the University of Houston, in an article published by the Cato Institute, a libertarian think-tank operating in Washington D.C., "it is clear that technological and economic change are vital ingredients in getting children out of the workplace and into schools. Then they can grow to become productive adults and live longer, healthier lives. However, in poor countries like Bangladesh, working children are essential for survival in many families, as they were in our own heritage until the late 19th century. So, while the struggle to end child labour is necessary, getting there often requires taking different routes—and, sadly, there are many political obstacles.

Question: Where is Thomas DeGregori from?


Answer: Bangladesh

Question: What country does he argue needs child labor to survive?


Answer: political obstacles

Question: What are the obstacles he claims are to ending child labor?


Answer: Domestic work

Context: The term child labour can be misleading when it confuses harmful work with employment that may be beneficial to children. It can also ignore harmful work outside employment and any benefits children normally derive from their work. Domestic work is an example: all families but the rich must work at cleaning, cooking, caring, and more to maintain their homes. In most families in the world, this process extends to productive activities, especially herding and various types of agriculture, and to a variety of small family businesses. Where trading is a significant feature of social life, children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers.

Question: What is benefical work for children?


Answer: children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers

Question: What can children do in countries were trading is involved?


Answer: rich

Question: All but what type of children must learn to clean?


Answer: Work

Context: Work is undertaken from an early age by vast numbers of children in the world and may have a natural place in growing up. Work can contribute to the well-being of children in a variety of ways; children often choose to work to improve their lives, both in the short- and long-term. At the material level, children’s work often contributes to producing food or earning income that benefits themselves and their families; and such income is especially important when the families are poor. Work can provide an escape from debilitating poverty, sometimes by allowing a young person to move away from an impoverished environment. Young people often enjoy their work, especially paid work, or when work involves the company of peers. Even when work is intensive and enforced, children often find ways to combine their work with play.

Question: What is a natural process of child development?


Answer: Work

Question: What is an escape for the young that live in poverty?


Answer: children often find ways to combine their work with play

Question: What are children able to do during intense work situations?


Answer: full-time work

Context: While full-time work hinders schooling, empirical evidence is varied on the relationship between part-time work and school. Sometimes even part-time work may hinder school attendance or performance. On the other hand, many poor children work for resources to attend school. Children who are not doing well at school sometimes seek more satisfactory experience in work. Good relations with a supervisor at work can provide relief from tensions that children feel at school and home. In the modern world, school education has become so central to society that schoolwork has become the dominant work for most children, often replacing participation in productive work. If school curricula or quality do not provide children with appropriate skills for available jobs or if children do nor have the aptitude for schoolwork, school may impede the learning of skills, such as agriculture, which will become necessary for future livelihood.

Question: What hinders schooling for child labourers?


Answer: Good relations with a supervisor

Question: What can relieve tension for children at work?


Answer: school may impede the learning of skills

Question: What can schools do to help children led to better work lives?


Answer: three

Context: North Carolina consists of three main geographic sections: the Atlantic Coastal Plain, which occupies the eastern 45% of the state; the Piedmont region, which contains the middle 35%; and the Appalachian Mountains and foothills. The extreme eastern section of the state contains the Outer Banks, a string of sandy, narrow barrier islands between the Atlantic Ocean and two inland waterways or "sounds": Albemarle Sound in the north and Pamlico Sound in the south. They are the two largest landlocked sounds in the United States.

Question: How many main geographical sections make up North Carolina?


Answer: Atlantic Coastal Plain

Question: What section of North carolina makes up 45% of the state?


Answer: the Piedmont region

Question: What is the section in the middle 35% of North Carolina called?


Answer: North Carolina

Question: Tha Appalacian mountains and foothills make up a region of what state?


Answer: Outer Banks

Question: The extreme eastern section of North Carolina is called what?


Answer: Piedmont

Context: The coastal plain transitions to the Piedmont region along the Atlantic Seaboard fall line, a line which marks the elevation at which waterfalls first appear on streams and rivers. The Piedmont region of central North Carolina is the state's most urbanized and densely populated section. It consists of gently rolling countryside frequently broken by hills or low mountain ridges. Small, isolated, and deeply eroded mountain ranges and peaks are located in the Piedmont, including the Sauratown Mountains, Pilot Mountain, the Uwharrie Mountains, Crowder's Mountain, King's Pinnacle, the Brushy Mountains, and the South Mountains. The Piedmont ranges from about 300 to 400 feet (91 to 122 m) in elevation in the east to over 1,000 feet (300 m) in the west. Because of the rapid population growth in the Piedmont, a significant part of the rural area in this region is being transformed into suburbs with shopping centers, housing, and corporate offices. Agriculture is steadily declining in importance. The major rivers of the Piedmont, such as the Yadkin and Catawba, tend to be fast-flowing, shallow, and narrow.

Question: Pilot Mountain and South Mountains are located in what region of North Carolina?


Answer: The Piedmont region

Question: What section of Central North Carolina has the most dense population?


Answer: 1,000 feet

Question: What is the average elevation in the west Piedmont region?


Answer: Atlantic Seaboard fall line

Question: What do you call the line that marks the elevation that waterfalls first appear on rivers?


Answer: along the Atlantic Seaboard fall line

Question: At what point does the coastal plin transition to the Piedmont region?


Answer: Appalachian Mountain range

Context: The western section of the state is part of the Appalachian Mountain range. Among the subranges of the Appalachians located in the state are the Great Smoky Mountains, Blue Ridge Mountains, Great Balsam Mountains, and Black Mountains. The Black Mountains are the highest in the eastern United States, and culminate in Mount Mitchell at 6,684 feet (2,037 m) the highest point east of the Mississippi River. Although agriculture still remains important, tourism has become a dominant industry in the mountains. Growing Christmas trees has recently become an important industry as well. Because of the higher altitude, the climate in the mountains often differs markedly from that of the rest of the state. Winter in western North Carolina typically features high snowfall and subfreezing temperatures more akin to those of a midwestern state than of a southern state.

Question: The weatern part of North Carolina is part of what mountain range?


Answer: Appalachians

Question: The Great Smokey Mountains and the Black Moutains are subranges of what mountains?


Answer: The Black Mountains

Question: What mountains are the highest in the eastern United States?


Answer: Mount Mitchell

Question: What is the name of the highest point east of the Mississippi river?


Answer: 6,684 feet

Question: How high is Mt. Mitchell?


Answer: Atlantic

Context: The climate of the coastal plain is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, which keeps conditions mild in winter and moderate, although humid, in summer. The highest coastal, daytime temperature averages less than 89 °F (32 °C) during summer months. The coast has mild temperatures in winter, with daytime highs rarely below 40 °F (4 °C). The average daytime temperature in the coastal plain is usually in the mid-50s °F (11–14 °C) in winter. Temperatures in the coastal plain only occasionally drop below the freezing point at night. The coastal plain averages only around 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snow or ice annually, and in many years, there may be no snow or ice at all.

Question: What ocean influinces the climate of North Carolinas coastal plain?


Answer: mild

Question: What is the climate of the coastal plain in the winter?


Answer: moderate, although humid

Question: What is the climate of North Carolinas coastal plain in the summer?


Answer: 89 °F

Question: What is the average high North Carolina coastal temperature on the plains in the summer?


Answer: occasionally

Question: How often do temperatures on the coastal plain of NC drop below freezing at night?


Answer: Piedmont

Context: The Atlantic Ocean has less influence on the climate of the Piedmont region, which has hotter summers and colder winters than in the coast. Daytime highs in the Piedmont often reach over 90 °F (32 °C) in the summer. While it is not common for the temperature to reach over 100 °F (38 °C) in the state, such temperatures, when they occur, typically are found only in the lower-elevation areas of the Piedmont and far-inland areas of the coastal plain. The weaker influence of the Atlantic Ocean also means that temperatures in the Piedmont often fluctuate more widely than in the coast.

Question: What region of North Carolina has hotter summers and colder winters than the coast?


Answer: 90 °F

Question: In summer, daytime highs often reach what temperature in the Piedmont region?


Question: Temperatures over 100 degrees will typically be found in what elevation of the Piedmont?


Answer: weaker

Question: What type of influence of the Atlantic Ocean makes the temperatures fluctuate more than on the coast?


Answer: winter

Context: In winter, the Piedmont is colder than the coast, with temperatures usually averaging in the upper 40s–lower 50s °F (8–12 °C) during the day and often dropping below the freezing point at night. The region averages around 3–5 in (8–13 cm) of snowfall annually in the Charlotte area, and slightly more north toward the Virginia border. The Piedmont is especially notorious for sleet and freezing rain. Freezing rain can be heavy enough to snarl traffic and break down trees and power lines. Annual precipitation and humidity are lower in the Piedmont than in the mountains or the coast, but even at its lowest, the average is 40 in (1,020 mm) per year.

Question: The Piedmont is colder than the coast in what season?


Answer: upper 40s–lower 50s °F

Question: What is the average winter daytime temperature in the Piedmont?


Answer: below the freezing point

Question: What do the temperatures often drop to at night in the piedmont region in the winter?


Answer: 3–5 in

Question: What is the average snowfall per year in Charlotte?


Answer: sleet and freezing rain

Question: What type of precipitation is the Piedmont known for?


Answer: The Appalachian Mountains

Context: The Appalachian Mountains are the coolest area of the state, with temperatures averaging in the low 40s and upper 30s °F (6–3 °C) for highs in the winter and falling into the low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower on winter nights. Relatively cool summers have temperatures rarely rising above 80 °F (27 °C). Average snowfall in many areas exceeds 30 in (76 cm) per year, and can be heavy at the higher elevations; for example, during the Blizzard of 1993 more than 60 in (152 cm) of snow fell on Mount Mitchell over a period of three days. Mount Mitchell has received snow in every month of the year.

Question: What mountain range makes up the coolest part of North Carolina?


Answer: low 40s and upper 30s °F

Question: What are the average high winter temperatures in the Appalachians?


Answer: low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower

Question: What are the low winter temperatures in the Appalachians?


Answer: 80 °F

Question: Temperatures rarely go higher than what temperature in the Appalachians?


Answer: 30

Question: Average snowfall in the Appalachians can exceed how many inches?


Answer: once a decade

Context: Severe weather occurs regularly in North Carolina. On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade. Destructive hurricanes that have struck the state include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the strongest storm to make landfall in the state, as a Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel stands out as the most damaging of the 21st century. Tropical storms arrive every 3 or 4 years. In addition, many hurricanes and tropical storms graze the state. In some years, several hurricanes or tropical storms can directly strike the state or brush across the coastal areas. Only Florida and Louisiana are hit by hurricanes more often. Although many people believe that hurricanes menace only coastal areas, the rare hurricane which moves inland quickly enough can cause severe damage; for example, in 1989, Hurricane Hugo caused heavy damage in Charlotte and even as far inland as the Blue Ridge Mountains in the northwestern part of the state. On the average, North Carolina has 50 days of thunderstorm activity per year, with some storms becoming severe enough to produce hail, flash floods, and damaging winds.

Question: Hoe often do hurricanes hit North Carolina?


Answer: hurricanes

Question: Floyd, Fran, and Hazel are examples of what that hit the state of North Carolina?


Answer: Hurricane Hazel

Question: What was the strongest storm to make landfall in North Carolina?


Answer: 4

Question: What category of hurricane was Hazel?


Answer: 1954

Question: What year did Hurrican Hazel hit North Carolina?


Answer: fewer than 20

Context: North Carolina averages fewer than 20 tornadoes per year, many of them produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plain. Tornadoes from thunderstorms are a risk, especially in the eastern part of the state. The western Piedmont is often protected by the mountains, which tend to break up storms as they try to cross over; the storms will often re-form farther east. Also a weather phenomenon known as "cold air damming" often occurs in the northwestern part of the state, which can also weaken storms but can also lead to major ice events in winter.

Question: How many tornadoes does North Carolina have per year?


Answer: tornadoes

Question: Houuricanes and tropical stors can produce what across the coastal plain?


Answer: eastern

Question: What part of the state holds the highest risk for tornadoes?


Answer: mountains

Question: What protects the western piedmont from tornadoes?


Answer: cold air damming

Question: What weather phenomenom can weaken storms but cause major ice events in NW North Carolina?


Answer: Before A.D. 200

Context: Before A.D. 200, residents were building earthwork mounds, which were used for ceremonial and religious purposes. Succeeding peoples, including those of the ancient Mississippian culture established by A.D. 1000 in the Piedmont, continued to build or add onto such mounds. In the 500–700 years preceding European contact, the Mississippian culture built large, complex cities and maintained far-flung regional trading networks. Historically documented tribes in the North Carolina region included the Carolina Algonquian-speaking tribes of the coastal areas, such as the Chowanoke, Roanoke, Pamlico, Machapunga, Coree, Cape Fear Indians, and others, who were the first to encounter the English; Iroquoian-speaking Meherrin, Cherokee and Tuscarora of the interior; and Southeastern Siouan tribes, such as the Cheraw, Waxhaw, Saponi, Waccamaw, and Catawba.[citation needed]

Question: During what time period did people buid earth mounds used for religious and ceremonial purposes?


Answer: ancient Mississippian culture

Question: By 1000 AD, what culture of people settled in the Piedmont?


Answer: 500–700 years

Question: About how many years before European contact did ancient Mississippian culture build large cities?


Answer: Algonquian-speaking tribes

Question: Pamlico and Cape fear indians are examples of what?


Answer: the coastal areas

Question: Where did the Algonquin speaking tribes of North Carolina live?


Answer: Edward Teach

Context: In June 1718 Blackbeard, aka Edward Teach, ran his flagship, the Queen Anne's Revenge, aground at Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, in present-day Carteret County. After the grounding her crew and supplies were transferred to smaller ships. In 1996 Intersal, Inc., a private firm, discovered the remains of a vessel likely to be the Queen Anne's Revenge, which was added to the US National Register of Historic Places. In November, after losing his ship and appealing to the governor of North Carolina who promised safe-haven and a pardon, the notorious pirate, Blackbeard (Edward Teach) was killed in an ambush by troops from Virginia.

Question: What was another name for Blackbeard?


Answer: the Queen Anne's Revenge

Question: What was the name of blackbeards ship?


Answer: Beaufort Inlet

Question: Where in North Carolina did Blackbeards ship crash?


Answer: 1718

Question: What year did Blackbeard run his ship aground in North Carolina?


Answer: 1996

Question: What year were the remains of the Queen Anne's Revenge discovered?


Answer: the Province of Carolina

Context: North Carolina became one of the English Thirteen Colonies and with the territory of South Carolina was originally known as the Province of Carolina. The northern and southern parts of the original province separated in 1729. Originally settled by small farmers, sometimes having a few slaves, who were oriented toward subsistence agriculture, the colony lacked cities or towns. Pirates menaced the coastal settlements, but by 1718 the pirates had been captured and killed. Growth was strong in the middle of the 18th century, as the economy attracted Scots-Irish, Quaker, English and German immigrants. The colonists generally supported the American Revolution, as the number of Loyalists was smaller than in some other colonies.

Question: North carolina and Sounth Carolina together were known as what?


Answer: 1729

Question: What year were the northern and southern carolinas seperated?


Answer: small farmers

Question: What was the profession of most of the settlers in the Province of Carolina?


Answer: Pirates

Question: What people were a menace to the coastal areas of the Province of carolina?


Answer: 1718

Question: By what year had all of the pirates in the NC Province been captured or killed?


Answer: Edenton

Context: During colonial times, Edenton served as the state capital beginning in 1722, and New Bern was selected as the capital in 1766. Construction of Tryon Palace, which served as the residence and offices of the provincial governor William Tryon, began in 1767 and was completed in 1771. In 1788 Raleigh was chosen as the site of the new capital, as its central location protected it from attacks from the coast. Officially established in 1792 as both county seat and state capital, the city was named after Sir Walter Raleigh, sponsor of Roanoke, the "lost colony" on Roanoke Island.

Question: What was the state capital of North Carolina in 1722?


Answer: New Bern

Question: What city became the capital of North Carolina in 1766?


Answer: William Tryon

Question: Who was the governor of North carolina in 1767?


Answer: Tryon Palace

Question: What was the name of the offices and residence built for William Tryon?


Answer: Raleigh

Question: What central North carolina cuty was chosen for the capital in 1788?


Answer: North Carolina

Context: North Carolina made the smallest per-capita contribution to the war of any state, as only 7,800 men joined the Continental Army under General George Washington; an additional 10,000 served in local militia units under such leaders as General Nathanael Greene. There was some military action, especially in 1780–81. Many Carolinian frontiersmen had moved west over the mountains, into the Washington District (later known as Tennessee), but in 1789, following the Revolution, the state was persuaded to relinquish its claim to the western lands. It ceded them to the national government so that the Northwest Territory could be organized and managed nationally.

Question: What state made the smallest contribution to the revolutionary war of any state?


Answer: 7,800

Question: How many men from NC joined the continental army?


Answer: 1780–81

Question: What years were the highest concentration of military action in NC during the revolutionary war?


Answer: General George Washington

Question: Who led the continental army?


Answer: Washington District

Question: Frontiersmen from the Carolinas moved west into what area that is now known as Tennessee?


Answer: After 1800

Context: After 1800, cotton and tobacco became important export crops. The eastern half of the state, especially the Tidewater region, developed a slave society based on a plantation system and slave labor. Many free people of color migrated to the frontier along with their European-American neighbors, where the social system was looser. By 1810, nearly 3 percent of the free population consisted of free people of color, who numbered slightly more than 10,000. The western areas were dominated by white families, especially Scots-Irish, who operated small subsistence farms. In the early national period, the state became a center of Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy, with a strong Whig presence, especially in the West. After Nat Turner's slave uprising in 1831, North Carolina and other southern states reduced the rights of free blacks. In 1835 the legislature withdrew their right to vote.

Question: After what year did cotton and tobacco become important crops in North Carolina?


Answer: eastern

Question: The Tidewater region was in what half of North Carolina?


Answer: the Tidewater region

Question: What region of North Carolina used slave labor and developed a slave society?


Answer: the frontier

Question: Where did free black people migrate to because of the looser social system?


Answer: 3

Question: By 1810, what percentage of the free population was black?


Answer: 1865

Context: With the defeat of the Confederacy in 1865, the Reconstruction Era began. The United States abolished slavery without compensation to slaveholders or reparations to freedmen. A Republican Party coalition of black freedmen, northern carpetbaggers and local scalawags controlled state government for three years. The white conservative Democrats regained control of the state legislature in 1870, in part by Ku Klux Klan violence and terrorism at the polls, to suppress black voting. Republicans were elected to the governorship until 1876, when the Red Shirts, a paramilitary organization that arose in 1874 and was allied with the Democratic Party, helped suppress black voting. More than 150 black Americans were murdered in electoral violence in 1876.

Question: What year was the confederacy defeated?


Answer: Reconstruction Era

Question: What Era began following the defeat of the confederacy?


Answer: compensation

Question: The US abolished slavery without giving what to slave owners?


Answer: 1870

Question: When did white Democrats regain control of the state legislature?


Answer: black voting

Question: What did the KKK target with violence and terrorism at the polls?


Answer: Democrats

Context: Democrats were elected to the legislature and governor's office, but the Populists attracted voters displeased with them. In 1896 a biracial, Populist-Republican Fusionist coalition gained the governor's office. The Democrats regained control of the legislature in 1896 and passed laws to impose Jim Crow and racial segregation of public facilities. Voters of North Carolina's 2nd congressional district elected a total of four African-American congressmen through these years of the late 19th century.

Question: What political party was elected to the legislature and Governors office?


Answer: Populists

Question: What political group attracted voters displeased with Democrats?


Answer: 1896

Question: What year did a biracial Populist fusion gain the Governors office?


Answer: 1896

Question: What year did the Democrats regain control of the governors office from the biracial Populists?


Answer: four

Question: In the 19th century, how many african american congressmen were elected?


Answer: a new constitution

Context: In 1899 the state legislature passed a new constitution, with requirements for poll taxes and literacy tests for voter registration which disfranchised most black Americans in the state. Exclusion from voting had wide effects: it meant that black Americans could not serve on juries or in any local office. After a decade of white supremacy, many people forgot that North Carolina had ever had thriving middle-class black Americans. Black citizens had no political voice in the state until after the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 were passed to enforce their constitutional rights. It was not until 1992 that another African American was elected as a US Representative from North Carolina.

Question: What did the NC state legislature pass in 1899?


Answer: poll taxes

Question: What type of taxes were required by the new NC constitution?


Answer: literacy tests

Question: What did the new constitution require for voter registration?


Answer: voting

Question: Being excluded from doing what, made it so that black people could not serve on juries or in public office?


Answer: 1964

Question: What year was the Federal Civil Rights Act?


Answer: Democratic

Context: As in the rest of the former Confederacy, North Carolina had become a one-party state, dominated by the Democratic Party. Impoverished by the Civil War, the state continued with an economy based on tobacco, cotton and agriculture. Towns and cities remained few in the east. A major industrial base emerged in the late 19th century in the western counties of the Piedmont, based on cotton mills established at the fall line. Railroads were built to connect the new industrializing cities. The state was the site of the first successful controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air flight, by the Wright brothers, near Kitty Hawk on December 17, 1903. In the first half of the 20th century, many African Americans left the state to go North for better opportunities, in the Great Migration. Their departure changed the demographic characteristics of many areas.

Question: What political party Dominated NC after the confederacy?


Answer: tobacco, cotton and agriculture

Question: What was the economy of North Carolina based on after the confederacy?


Answer: late 19th century

Question: When did a major industrial base appear in North Carolina?


Answer: western counties of the Piedmont

Question: Where did the major industrial base appear in North Carolina?


Answer: cotton mills

Question: What was the emergence of the industrial base of North carolina based on?


Answer: New Deal programs

Context: North Carolina was hard hit by the Great Depression, but the New Deal programs of Franklin D. Roosevelt for cotton and tobacco significantly helped the farmers. After World War II, the state's economy grew rapidly, highlighted by the growth of such cities as Charlotte, Raleigh, and Durham in the Piedmont. Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill form the Research Triangle, a major area of universities and advanced scientific and technical research. In the 1990s, Charlotte became a major regional and national banking center. Tourism has also been a boon for the North Carolina economy as people flock to the Outer Banks coastal area and the Appalachian Mountains anchored by Asheville.

Question: What programs created by FDR helped North Carolina during the Great Depression?


Answer: farmers

Question: Who did the new deal programs benefit?


Answer: cotton and tobacco

Question: What crops was the New Deal Program made for?


Answer: World War II

Question: After what war did the states economy improve?


Answer: Charlotte

Question: In the 1990's what NC city became a national banking center?


Answer: prehistoric indigenous cultures

Context: North Carolina was inhabited for thousands of years by succeeding cultures of prehistoric indigenous cultures. Before 200 AD, they were building earthwork mounds, which were used for ceremonial and religious purposes. Succeeding peoples, including those of the ancient Mississippian culture established by 1000 AD in the Piedmont, continued to build or add on to such mounds. In the 500–700 years preceding European contact, the Mississippian culture built large, complex cities and maintained far-flung regional trading networks. Its largest city was Cahokia, located in present-day Illinois near the Mississippi River.

Question: What inhibited North Carolina for thousands of years?


Answer: earthwork

Question: Before 200 AD, people built what kind of mounds for religious purposes?


Answer: Succeeding peoples

Question: Who continued to build on to the religious mounds?


Answer: Mississippian culture

Question: Before European contact, who built large cities and regional trading networks?


Answer: Cahokia

Question: What was the largest city in the Piedmont before European contact?


Answer: Joara

Context: Spanish explorers traveling inland in the 16th century met Mississippian culture people at Joara, a regional chiefdom near present-day Morganton. Records of Hernando de Soto attested to his meeting with them in 1540. In 1567 Captain Juan Pardo led an expedition to claim the area for the Spanish colony and to establish another route to protect silver mines in Mexico. Pardo made a winter base at Joara, which he renamed Cuenca. His expedition built Fort San Juan and left a contingent of 30 men there, while Pardo traveled further, and built and garrisoned five other forts. He returned by a different route to Santa Elena on Parris Island, South Carolina, then a center of Spanish Florida. In the spring of 1568, natives killed all but one of the soldiers and burned the six forts in the interior, including the one at Fort San Juan. Although the Spanish never returned to the interior, this effort marked the first European attempt at colonization of the interior of what became the United States. A 16th-century journal by Pardo's scribe Bandera and archaeological findings since 1986 at Joara have confirmed the settlement.

Question: In the 16th century, where did Spanish explorers meet Mississipian cultureal people?


Answer: a regional chiefdom

Question: What is Joara?


Answer: near present-day Morganton

Question: Where would present day Joara be?


Answer: Hernando de Soto

Question: What was the name of the Spanish man that met the people in Joara?


Answer: 1540

Question: What year did hernando de Soto arrive in Joara?


Answer: Sir Walter Raleigh

Context: In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the "Lost Colony" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.

Question: Who is the North Carolina state capital named for?


Answer: Elizabeth I

Question: Who granted the charter for Sir Walter Raleigh to travel to present day North Carolina?


Answer: 1584

Question: What year did Elizabeth I grant the charter to Raleigh to travel to North Carolina?


Answer: North Carolina

Question: What was the second american territory the English attempted to colonize?


Answer: two

Question: How many colonies did Raleigh establish on the coast of carolina in 1580?


Answer: Virginia

Context: As early as 1650, settlers from the Virginia colony moved into the area of Albemarle Sound. By 1663, King Charles II of England granted a charter to start a new colony on the North American continent; it generally established North Carolina's borders. He named it Carolina in honor of his father Charles I. By 1665, a second charter was issued to attempt to resolve territorial questions. In 1710, owing to disputes over governance, the Carolina colony began to split into North Carolina and South Carolina. The latter became a crown colony in 1729.

Question: In 1650, settlers from what colony moved in to Albemarie Sound?


Answer: 1663

Question: What year did King Charles II grant a charter to North America?


Answer: North Carolina's borders

Question: What did King Charles II's charter establish?


Answer: Charles I

Question: Carolina was named after King Charles iI's father, what was his name?


Answer: 1665

Question: What year was a second charter made to establish the borders of Carolina?


Answer: English colonists

Context: After the Spanish in the 16th century, the first permanent European settlers of North Carolina were English colonists who migrated south from Virginia. The latter had grown rapidly and land was less available. Nathaniel Batts was documented as one of the first of these Virginian migrants. He settled south of the Chowan River and east of the Great Dismal Swamp in 1655. By 1663, this northeastern area of the Province of Carolina, known as the Albemarle Settlements, was undergoing full-scale English settlement. During the same period, the English monarch Charles II gave the province to the Lords Proprietors, a group of noblemen who had helped restore Charles to the throne in 1660. The new province of "Carolina" was named in honor and memory of King Charles I (Latin: Carolus). In 1712, North Carolina became a separate colony. Except for the Earl Granville holdings, it became a royal colony seventeen years later. A large revolt happened in the state in 1711 known as Cary's Rebellion.

Question: After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina?


Answer: Virginia

Question: Where did the English colonists that settle North carolina come from?


Answer: less available

Question: The English colonist left virginia because of what issue with the land there?


Answer: Nathaniel Batts

Question: Who was one of the first Virginian migrants to reach the carolinas?


Answer: 1655

Question: What year did Nathaniel Battes settle in North Carolina?


Answer: Low Country

Context: Differences in the settlement patterns of eastern and western North Carolina, or the Low Country and uplands, affected the political, economic, and social life of the state from the 18th until the 20th century. The Tidewater in eastern North Carolina was settled chiefly by immigrants from rural England and the Scottish Highlands. The upcountry of western North Carolina was settled chiefly by Scots-Irish, English, and German Protestants, the so-called "cohee". Arriving during the mid- to late 18th century, the Scots-Irish from what is today Northern Ireland were the largest non-English immigrant group before the Revolution; English indentured servants were overwhelmingly the largest immigrant group before the Revolution. During the American Revolutionary War, the English and Highland Scots of eastern North Carolina tended to remain loyal to the British Crown, because of longstanding business and personal connections with Great Britain. The English, Welsh, Scots-Irish, and German settlers of western North Carolina tended to favor American independence from Britain.

Question: Eastern North Carolina is also known as what?


Answer: uplands

Question: Western North carolina is also known as what?


Answer: eastern North Carolina

Question: Where was The Tidewater located?


Answer: The Tidewater

Question: Where did immigrants from England and the Scottish Highlands settle?


Answer: the British Crown

Question: Who did the Tidewater settlers remain loyal to during the American revolution?


Answer: indentured servants

Context: Most of the English colonists had arrived as indentured servants, hiring themselves out as laborers for a fixed period to pay for their passage. In the early years the line between indentured servants and African slaves or laborers was fluid. Some Africans were allowed to earn their freedom before slavery became a lifelong status. Most of the free colored families formed in North Carolina before the Revolution were descended from unions or marriages between free white women and enslaved or free African or African-American men. Because the mothers were free, their children were born free. Many had migrated or were descendants of migrants from colonial Virginia. As the flow of indentured laborers to the colony decreased with improving economic conditions in Great Britain, planters imported more slaves, and the state's legal delineations between free and slave status tightened, effectively hardening the latter into a racial caste. The economy's growth and prosperity was based on slave labor, devoted first to the production of tobacco.

Question: Most English colonists arrived as what?


Answer: laborers

Question: Indentured servants hired theirselves out as what?


Answer: passage

Question: What did the English settlers get in return for their labor?


Answer: African slaves

Question: Indentured servants were similar to what people in the early days?


Answer: slaves

Question: As indentured servants improved the economy, there became a greater need to import more what?


Answer: 1776

Context: On April 12, 1776, the colony became the first to instruct its delegates to the Continental Congress to vote for independence from the British Crown, through the Halifax Resolves passed by the North Carolina Provincial Congress. The dates of both of these events are memorialized on the state flag and state seal. Throughout the Revolutionary War, fierce guerrilla warfare erupted between bands of pro-independence and pro-British colonists. In some cases the war was also an excuse to settle private grudges and rivalries. A major American victory in the war took place at King's Mountain along the North Carolina–South Carolina border; on October 7, 1780, a force of 1000 mountain men from western North Carolina (including what is today the state of Tennessee)and Southwest Virginia overwhelmed a force of some 1000 British troops led by Major Patrick Ferguson. Most of the soldiers fighting for the British side in this battle were Carolinians who had remained loyal to the Crown (they were called "Tories" or Loyalists). The American victory at Kings Mountain gave the advantage to colonists who favored American independence, and it prevented the British Army from recruiting new soldiers from the Tories.

Question: What year did North Carolina instruct its delegates to vote for independence?


Answer: the British Crown

Question: Who was north carolina seeking independence from in 1776?


Answer: 1780

Question: What year was Americas Victory at King's Mountain?


Answer: 1000

Question: How many North Carolina mountain men fought at King's Mountain?


Answer: 1000

Question: How many British troops fought at king's Mountain?


Answer: the Southern Division of the Continental Army and local militia

Context: The road to Yorktown and America's independence from Great Britain led through North Carolina. As the British Army moved north from victories in Charleston and Camden, South Carolina, the Southern Division of the Continental Army and local militia prepared to meet them. Following General Daniel Morgan's victory over the British Cavalry Commander Banastre Tarleton at the Battle of Cowpens on January 17, 1781, southern commander Nathanael Greene led British Lord Charles Cornwallis across the heartland of North Carolina, and away from the latter's base of supply in Charleston, South Carolina. This campaign is known as "The Race to the Dan" or "The Race for the River."

Question: Who met the British army as they moved north?


Answer: the British Cavalry

Question: Who lost the battle of Cowpens?


Answer: Commander Banastre Tarleton

Question: Who led the British calvary at Cowpen?


Answer: January 17, 1781

Question: What was the date of the battle of Cowpens?


Answer: The Race for the River

Question: What is another name for the race to the Dan?


Answer: Catawba

Context: In the Battle of Cowan's Ford, Cornwallis met resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Cowan's Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to engage General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan had moved to the northern part of the state to combine with General Greene's newly recruited forces. Generals Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in present-day Greensboro on March 15, 1781. Although the British troops held the field at the end of the battle, their casualties at the hands of the numerically superior Continental Army were crippling. Following this "Pyrrhic victory", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army. This decision would result in Cornwallis' eventual defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, later in 1781. The Patriots' victory there guaranteed American independence.

Question: The Battle of Cowan's Ford was fought on the banks of what river?


Answer: 1781

Question: What year was the battle of Cowans Ford?


Answer: Greensboro

Question: What is the present day name of the city that the Battle of Guilford Courthouse was fought at?


Answer: Virginia coastline

Question: After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where?


Answer: to get reinforcements

Question: What did Cornwallis move to the coastline after losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse?


Answer: the Constitution

Context: On November 21, 1789, North Carolina became the twelfth state to ratify the Constitution. In 1840, it completed the state capitol building in Raleigh, still standing today. Most of North Carolina's slave owners and large plantations were located in the eastern portion of the state. Although North Carolina's plantation system was smaller and less cohesive than that of Virginia, Georgia, or South Carolina, significant numbers of planters were concentrated in the counties around the port cities of Wilmington and Edenton, as well as suburban planters around the cities of Raleigh, Charlotte, and Durham in the Piedmont. Planters owning large estates wielded significant political and socio-economic power in antebellum North Carolina, which was a slave society. They placed their interests above those of the generally non-slave-holding "yeoman" farmers of western North Carolina. In mid-century, the state's rural and commercial areas were connected by the construction of a 129-mile (208 km) wooden plank road, known as a "farmer's railroad", from Fayetteville in the east to Bethania (northwest of Winston-Salem).

Question: North Carolina was the twelth state to ratify what document?


Answer: November 21, 1789

Question: What date did North Carolina ratify the constitution?


Answer: 1840

Question: What year was the state capitol building of North Carolina completed?


Answer: Raleigh

Question: Where was the capitol building completed in 1840?


Answer: eastern

Question: What part of the state were most slave and plantation owners concentrated in?


Answer: Virginia

Context: Besides slaves, there were a number of free people of color in the state. Most were descended from free African Americans who had migrated along with neighbors from Virginia during the 18th century. The majority were the descendants of unions in the working classes between white women, indentured servants or free, and African men, indentured, slave or free. After the Revolution, Quakers and Mennonites worked to persuade slaveholders to free their slaves. Some were inspired by their efforts and the language of the Revolution to arrange for manumission of their slaves. The number of free people of color rose markedly in the first couple of decades after the Revolution.

Question: Some of the free people of color migrated from what state during the 18th century?


Answer: free their slaves

Question: After the revolution Quakers and mennonited encouraged slaveholders to do what?


Answer: rose

Question: What happened to the number of free colored people for the first few decades after the war?


Answer: Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad

Context: On October 25, 1836, construction began on the Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad to connect the port city of Wilmington with the state capital of Raleigh. In 1849 the North Carolina Railroad was created by act of the legislature to extend that railroad west to Greensboro, High Point, and Charlotte. During the Civil War, the Wilmington-to-Raleigh stretch of the railroad would be vital to the Confederate war effort; supplies shipped into Wilmington would be moved by rail through Raleigh to the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.

Question: What was the name of the railroad that began construction in 1836?


Answer: Raleigh

Question: The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad was going to connect Wilmington to what city?


Answer: North Carolina Railroad

Question: In 1849, what railroad was created?


Answer: west

Question: What direction did the North carolina railroad extend?


Answer: Wilmington-to-Raleigh stretch

Question: What stretch of the railroad was vital to the confederates in the civil war?


Answer: 33

Context: While slaveholding was slightly less concentrated than in some Southern states, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population of 992,622, were enslaved African Americans. They lived and worked chiefly on plantations in the eastern Tidewater. In addition, 30,463 free people of color lived in the state. They were also concentrated in the eastern coastal plain, especially at port cities such as Wilmington and New Bern, where a variety of jobs were available. Free African Americans were allowed to vote until 1835, when the state revoked their suffrage in restrictions following the slave rebellion of 1831 led by Nat Turner. Southern slave codes criminalized willful killing of a slave in most cases.

Question: In 1860, what percent of the North Carolina population were slaves?


Answer: eastern Tidewater

Question: Where were most of the slaves in North Carolina located?


Answer: plantations

Question: What type of land did the slaves live on?


Answer: 30,463

Question: How many free people of color lived in NC in 1860?


Answer: eastern coastal plain

Question: Where were the free people of color located in north carolina in 1860?


Answer: one-third

Context: In 1860, North Carolina was a slave state, in which one-third of the population was enslaved. This was a smaller proportion than in many Southern states. The state did not vote to join the Confederacy until President Abraham Lincoln called on it to invade its sister state, South Carolina, becoming the last or second-to-last state to officially join the Confederacy. The title of "last to join the Confederacy" has been disputed; although Tennessee's informal secession on May 7, 1861, preceded North Carolina's official secession on May 20, the Tennessee legislature did not formally vote to secede until June 8, 1861.

Question: What fraction of the population of North Carolina was enslaved in 1860?


Answer: South Carolina

Question: North Carolina did not vote to join the confederacy until they were ordered to invade what state?


Answer: May 20

Question: When was North Carolinas official secession?


Answer: May 7, 1861

Question: When was Tennessees informal secession?


Answer: June 8, 1861

Question: When did Tennessee officially vote to secede?


Answer: the Confederacy

Context: After secession, some North Carolinians refused to support the Confederacy. Some of the yeoman farmers in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region remained neutral during the Civil War, while some covertly supported the Union cause during the conflict. Approximately 2,000 North Carolinians from western North Carolina enlisted in the Union Army and fought for the North in the war. Two additional Union Army regiments were raised in the coastal areas of the state, which were occupied by Union forces in 1862 and 1863. Numerous slaves escaped to Union lines, where they became essentially free.

Question: Some North Carolinians still refused to support what after secession?


Answer: yeoman

Question: Some of what farmers remained neutral during the civil war?


Answer: in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region

Question: Where were the yoeman farmers that remained neutral during the civil war located?


Answer: 2,000

Question: How many North Carolinians from the west fought for the union Army?


Answer: 1862 and 1863

Question: When did union forces occupy coastal areas of North carolina?


Answer: Army of Northern Virginia

Context: Confederate troops from all parts of North Carolina served in virtually all the major battles of the Army of Northern Virginia, the Confederacy's most famous army. The largest battle fought in North Carolina was at Bentonville, which was a futile attempt by Confederate General Joseph Johnston to slow Union General William Tecumseh Sherman's advance through the Carolinas in the spring of 1865. In April 1865, after losing the Battle of Morrisville, Johnston surrendered to Sherman at Bennett Place, in what is today Durham. North Carolina's port city of Wilmington was the last Confederate port to fall to the Union, in February 1865, after the Union won the nearby Second Battle of Fort Fisher, its major defense downriver.

Question: What was the name of the Confederacys most famous army?


Answer: virtually all

Question: How many battles of the army of Northern Virginia did confederate troops from north Carolina fight in?


Answer: Bentonville

Question: What was the name of the largest battle fought in North Carolina?


Answer: General Joseph Johnston

Question: What was the name of the confederate general that fought in Bentonville?


Answer: General William Tecumseh Sherman

Question: What was the name of the Union General that fought in Bentonville?


Answer: Private Henry Wyatt

Context: The first Confederate soldier to be killed in the Civil War was Private Henry Wyatt from North Carolina, in the Battle of Big Bethel in June 1861. At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the 26th North Carolina Regiment participated in Pickett/Pettigrew's Charge and advanced the farthest into the Northern lines of any Confederate regiment. During the Battle of Chickamauga, the 58th North Carolina Regiment advanced farther than any other regiment on Snodgrass Hill to push back the remaining Union forces from the battlefield. At Appomattox Court House in Virginia in April 1865, the 75th North Carolina Regiment, a cavalry unit, fired the last shots of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the Civil War. For many years, North Carolinians proudly boasted that they had been "First at Bethel, Farthest at Gettysburg and Chickamauga, and Last at Appomattox."

Question: Who was the first confederate soldier to be killed in the civil war?


Answer: North Carolina

Question: Where was henry Wyatt from?


Answer: in the Battle of Big Bethel

Question: What battle did Private Henry Wyatt die in?


Answer: June 1861

Question: When did Henry Wyatt die?


Answer: July 1863

Question: When was the battle of Gettysburg?


Answer: Bible Belt

Context: While the Baptists in total (counting both blacks and whites) have maintained the majority in this part of the country (known as the Bible Belt), the population in North Carolina practices a wide variety of faiths, including Judaism, Islam, Baha'i, Buddhism, and Hinduism. As of 2010 the Southern Baptist Church was the biggest denomination, with 4,241 churches and 1,513,000 members; the second largest was the United Methodist Church, with 660,000 members and 1,923 churches. The third was the Roman Catholic Church, with 428,000 members in 190 congregations. The fourth greatest was the Presbyterian Church (USA), with 186,000 members and 710 congregations; this denomination was brought by Scots-Irish immigrants who settled the backcountry in the colonial era.

Question: What is the religious name given to the part of the country that includes the Carolinas?


Answer: Baptists

Question: What religion holds the majority in the Bible Belt?


Answer: Southern Baptist

Question: What was the largest denomination in North Carolina in 2010?


Answer: United Methodist Church

Question: What was the second largest denomination in North carolina in 2010?


Answer: Roman Catholic

Question: What was the third largest denomination in North carolina in 2010?


Answer: ethnic and religious diversity

Context: Currently, the rapid influx of northerners and immigrants from Latin America is steadily increasing ethnic and religious diversity: the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in the state has increased, as well as general religious diversity. The second-largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina after Baptist traditions is Methodism, which is strong in the northern Piedmont, especially in populous Guilford County. There are also a substantial number of Quakers in Guilford County and northeastern North Carolina. Many universities and colleges in the state have been founded on religious traditions, and some currently maintain that affiliation, including:

Question: Immigrants from latin America coming to North Carolina is increasing what?


Answer: increased

Question: What has happened to the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in North Carolina?


Answer: increased

Question: Religious diversity in North Carolina has generally what?


Answer: Methodism

Question: What is the second largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina?


Answer: Guilford

Question: What county in Piedmont is methodism especially strong in?


Answer: Old North State

Context: According to a Forbes article written in 2013 Employment in the "Old North State" has gained many different industry sectors. See the following article summary: science, technology, energy and math, or STEM, industries in the area surrounding North Carolina's capital have grown 17.9 percent since 2001, placing Raleigh-Cary at No. 5 among the 51 largest metro areas in the country where technology is booming. In 2010 North Carolina's total gross state product was $424.9 billion, while the state debt in November 2012, according to one source, totalled US$2.4bn, while according to another, was in 2012 US$57.8bn. In 2011 the civilian labor force was at around 4.5 million with employment near 4.1 million. The working population is employed across the major employment sectors. The economy of North Carolina covers 15 metropolitan areas. In 2010, North Carolina was chosen as the third-best state for business by Forbes Magazine, and the second-best state by Chief Executive Officer Magazine.

Question: What is the Nickname given to North Carolina?


Answer: 17.9

Question: Science, Technology, energy, and math industries have risen what percent since 2001?


Answer: 5

Question: What is raleigh-Cary ranked among the 51 largest metro areas in the country?


Answer: $424.9 billion

Question: What was North Carolinas gross state product in 2010?


Answer: $2.4bn

Question: What was North Carolinas state debt in 2012?


Answer: 1976

Context: North Carolina's party loyalties have undergone a series of important shifts in the last few years: While the 2010 midterms saw Tar Heel voters elect a bicameral Republican majority legislature for the first time in over a century, North Carolina has also become a Southern swing state in presidential races. Since Southern Democrat Jimmy Carter's comfortable victory in the state in 1976, the state had consistently leaned Republican in presidential elections until Democrat Barack Obama narrowly won the state in 2008. In the 1990s, Democrat Bill Clinton came within a point of winning the state in 1992 and also only narrowly lost the state in 1996. In the early 2000s, Republican George W. Bush easily won the state by over 12 points, but by 2008, demographic shifts, population growth, and increased liberalization in heavily populated areas such as the Research Triangle, Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, Fayetteville, and Asheville, propelled Barack Obama to victory in North Carolina, the first Democrat to win the state since 1976. In 2012, North Carolina was again considered a competitive swing state, with the Democrats even holding their 2012 Democratic National Convention in Charlotte. However, Republican Mitt Romney ultimately eked out a 2-point win in North Carolina, the only 2012 swing state that Obama lost, and one of only two states (along with Indiana) to flip from Obama in 2008 to the GOP in 2012.

Question: North carolina voters have leaned republican since what year?


Answer: 2008

Question: What year did North Carolina voters once again vote for a Democrat?


Answer: 1992

Question: What year did Bill Clinton win North Carolina?


Answer: 1996

Question: What year did Bill Clinton lose North Carolina?


Answer: Charlotte

Question: Where was the 2012 democratic national Convention held?


Answer: Pat McCrory

Context: In 2012, the state elected a Republican Governor (Pat McCrory) and Lieutenant Governor (Dan Forest) for the first time in more than two decades, while also giving the Republicans veto-proof majorities in both the State House of Representatives and the State Senate. Several U.S. House of Representatives seats also flipped control, with the Republicans holding nine seats to the Democrats' four. In the 2014 mid-term elections, Republican David Rouzer won the state's Seventh Congressional District seat, increasing the congressional delegation party split to 10-3 in favor of the GOP.

Question: Who was elected Governor of North Carolina in 2012?


Answer: Republican

Question: What political party does Pat McCrory belong to?


Answer: Dan Forest

Question: Who ws elected Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina in 2012?


Answer: Republican

Question: What political party does Dan Forest belong to?


Answer: David Rouzer

Question: Who won North Carolinas 7th congressional district seat in 2014?


Answer: North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

Context: Elementary and secondary public schools are overseen by the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction. The North Carolina Superintendent of Public Instruction is the secretary of the North Carolina State Board of Education, but the board, rather than the superintendent, holds most of the legal authority for making public education policy. In 2009, the board's chairman also became the "chief executive officer" for the state's school system. North Carolina has 115 public school systems, each of which is overseen by a local school board. A county may have one or more systems within it. The largest school systems in North Carolina are the Wake County Public School System, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, Guilford County Schools, Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Schools, and Cumberland County Schools. In total there are 2,425 public schools in the state, including 99 charter schools. North Carolina Schools were segregated until the Brown v. Board of Education trial and the release of the Pearsall Plan.

Question: What agency oversees public schools in North Carolina?


Answer: the board

Question: Who holds most legal authority for making education policy?


Answer: 2009

Question: What year did the boards chairman become the Chief Executive officer of public schools?


Answer: 115

Question: How many public school systems does North Carolina have?


Answer: Wake County Public School System

Question: What is the largest school system in North Carolina?


Answer: North Carolina

Context: In 1795, North Carolina opened the first public university in the United States—the University of North Carolina (now named the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill). More than 200 years later, the University of North Carolina system encompasses 17 public universities including North Carolina State University, North Carolina A&T State University, North Carolina Central University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, East Carolina University, Western Carolina University, Winston-Salem State University, the University of North Carolina at Asheville, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, UNC Wilmington, Elizabeth City State University, Appalachian State University, Fayetteville State University, and UNC School of the Arts, and . Along with its public universities, North Carolina has 58 public community colleges in its community college system.The largest university in North Carolina is currently North Carolina State University, with more than 34,000 students. North Carolina is home to many excellent universities as well as dozens of community colleges and private universities.

Question: What state opened the first public university in the United States?


Answer: 1795

Question: What year was the first public university opened in the United States?


Answer: University of North Carolina

Question: What was the name of the first public university to open in the US?


Answer: North Carolina State University

Question: What is the largest University in North Carolina?


Answer: 34,000

Question: How many students does North Carolina State University enroll?


Answer: private

Context: North Carolina is also home to many well-known private colleges and universities, including Duke University, Wake Forest University, Pfeiffer University, Lees-McRae College, Davidson College, Barton College, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Elon University, Guilford College, Livingstone College, Salem College, Shaw University (the first historically black college or university in the South), Laurel University, Meredith College, Methodist University, Belmont Abbey College (the only Catholic college in the Carolinas), Campbell University, University of Mount Olive, Montreat College, High Point University, Lenoir-Rhyne University (the only Lutheran university in North Carolina) and Wingate University.

Question: Duke University and Shaw University are examples of what type of colleges that are in North Carolina?


Answer: Shaw University

Question: What was the first black college in the south?


Answer: Belmont Abbey College

Question: What is the name of the only Catholic college in the Carolinas?


Answer: Lenoir-Rhyne University

Question: What is the name of the only Lutheran University in North Carolina?