Answer: junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts

Context: The junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas, announced in 1984 that he would be stepping down for health reasons. Kerry ran, and as in his 1982 race for Lieutenant Governor, he did not receive the endorsement of the party regulars at the state Democratic convention. Congressman James Shannon, a favorite of House Speaker Tip O'Neill, was the early favorite to win the nomination, and he "won broad establishment support and led in early polling." Again as in 1982, however, Kerry prevailed in a close primary.

Question: What was Paul Tsongas's job in 1984?


Answer: 1984

Question: When did Kerry run for Senate?


Answer: 1982

Question: When did Kerry run for Lt Governor?


Answer: Congressman

Question: What was James Shannon's job?


Answer: House Speaker

Question: What was Tip O'Neill's job?


Answer: April 18, 1985

Context: On April 18, 1985, a few months after taking his Senate seat, Kerry and Senator Tom Harkin of Iowa traveled to Nicaragua and met the country's president, Daniel Ortega. Though Ortega had won internationally certified elections, the trip was criticized because Ortega and his leftist Sandinista government had strong ties to Cuba and the USSR and were accused of human rights abuses. The Sandinista government was opposed by the right-wing CIA-backed rebels known as the Contras. While in Nicaragua, Kerry and Harkin talked to people on both sides of the conflict. Through the senators, Ortega offered a cease-fire agreement in exchange for the U.S. dropping support of the Contras. The offer was denounced by the Reagan administration as a "propaganda initiative" designed to influence a House vote on a $14 million Contra aid package, but Kerry said "I am willing..... to take the risk in the effort to put to test the good faith of the Sandinistas." The House voted down the Contra aid, but Ortega flew to Moscow to accept a $200 million loan the next day, which in part prompted the House to pass a larger $27 million aid package six weeks later.

Question: When did Kerry visit Nicaragua?


Answer: Senator Tom Harkin

Question: Who did Kerry visit Nicaragua with?


Answer: Iowa

Question: Where was Tom Harkin from?


Answer: Daniel Ortega

Question: Who did Kerry visit in Nicaragua?


Answer: strong ties to Cuba and the USSR and were accused of human rights abuses

Question: What was criticized about Ortega's administration?


Answer: Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North

Context: Meanwhile, Kerry's staff began their own investigations and, on October 14, issued a report that exposed illegal activities on the part of Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North, who had set up a private network involving the National Security Council and the CIA to deliver military equipment to right-wing Nicaraguan rebels (Contras). In effect, North and certain members of the President's administration were accused by Kerry's report of illegally funding and supplying armed militants without the authorization of Congress. Kerry's staff investigation, based on a year-long inquiry and interviews with fifty unnamed sources, is said to raise "serious questions about whether the United States has abided by the law in its handling of the contras over the past three years."

Question: Who did Kerry's staff expose in an Oct 14 report?


Answer: right-wing Nicaraguan rebels (Contras)

Question: Who had Oliver North been supporting?


Answer: illegally funding and supplying armed militants without the authorization of Congress

Question: What crime had Kerry said North committed?


Answer: right-wing Nicaraguan rebels

Question: Who were the Contras?


Answer: the National Security Council and the CIA

Question: What government agencies worked with North?


Answer: drug traffickers

Context: The Kerry Committee report found that "the Contra drug links included..... payments to drug traffickers by the U.S. State Department of funds authorized by the Congress for humanitarian assistance to the Contras, in some cases after the traffickers had been indicted by federal law enforcement agencies on drug charges, in others while traffickers were under active investigation by these same agencies." The U.S. State Department paid over $806,000 to known drug traffickers to carry humanitarian assistance to the Contras. Kerry's findings provoked little reaction in the media and official Washington.

Question: Who was the State Department giving money to?


Answer: over $806,000

Question: How much money did the State Department give the traffickers?


Answer: funds authorized by the Congress for humanitarian assistance to the Contras

Question: Where had the money given to drug traffickers come from?


Answer: little reaction in the media and official Washington

Question: What was the response to Kerry's accusation of funding traffickers?


Answer: Pakistan

Context: During their investigation of Noriega, Kerry's staff found reason to believe that the Pakistan-based Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) had facilitated Noriega's drug trafficking and money laundering. This led to a separate inquiry into BCCI, and as a result, banking regulators shut down BCCI in 1991. In December 1992, Kerry and Senator Hank Brown, a Republican from Colorado, released The BCCI Affair, a report on the BCCI scandal. The report showed that the bank was crooked and was working with terrorists, including Abu Nidal. It blasted the Department of Justice, the Department of the Treasury, the Customs Service, the Federal Reserve Bank, as well as influential lobbyists and the CIA.

Question: Where is the BCCI based?


Answer: Bank of Credit and Commerce International

Question: What bank helped Noriega?


Answer: 1991

Question: When was BCCI shut down?


Answer: Kerry and Senator Hank Brown

Question: Who collaborated in the report about BCCI?


Answer: The BCCI Affair

Question: What was the BCCI report called?


Answer: William Weld

Context: In 1996, Kerry faced a difficult re-election fight against Governor William Weld, a popular Republican incumbent who had been re-elected in 1994 with 71% of the vote. The race was covered nationwide as one of the most closely watched Senate races that year. Kerry and Weld held several debates and negotiated a campaign spending cap of $6.9 million at Kerry's Beacon Hill townhouse. Both candidates spent more than the cap, with each camp accusing the other of being first to break the agreement. During the campaign, Kerry spoke briefly at the 1996 Democratic National Convention. Kerry won re-election with 53 percent to Weld's 45 percent.

Question: Who ran against Kerry in 1996?


Answer: 71%

Question: When Weld was re-elected governor, how much of the vote did he get?


Answer: 1994

Question: When was Weld re-elected governor?


Answer: $6.9 million

Question: What did Kerry and Weld agree to limit their campaign spending to?


Answer: Both candidates

Question: Who broke the agreed-upon spending cap?


Answer: "... you end up getting us stuck in a war in Iraq. Just ask President Bush."

Context: Kerry said that he had intended the remark as a jab at President Bush, and described the remarks as a "botched joke", having inadvertently left out the key word "us" (which would have been, "If you don't, you get us stuck in Iraq"), as well as leaving the phrase "just ask President Bush" off of the end of the sentence. In Kerry's prepared remarks, which he released during the ensuing media frenzy, the corresponding line was "... you end up getting us stuck in a war in Iraq. Just ask President Bush." He also said that from the context of the speech which, prior to the "stuck in Iraq" line, made several specific references to Bush and elements of his biography, that Kerry was referring to President Bush and not American troops in general.

Question: What was Kerry supposed to say when he 'botched a joke'?


Answer: President Bush and not American troops in general

Question: Who was Kerry saying was stuck in Iraq?


Answer: inadvertently left out the key word "us"

Question: What mistake did Kerry make in the joke?


Answer: Afghanistan and Pakistan

Context: Kerry "has emerged in the past few years as an important envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan during times of crisis," a Washington Post report stated in May 2011, as Kerry undertook another trip to the two countries. The killing of Osama bin Laden "has generated perhaps the most important crossroads yet," the report continued, as the senator spoke at a press conference and prepared to fly from Kabul to Pakistan. Among matters discussed during the May visit to Pakistan, under the general rubric of "recalibrating" the bilateral relationship, Kerry sought and retrieved from the Pakistanis the tail-section of the U.S. helicopter which had had to be abandoned at Abbottabad during the bin Laden strike. In 2013, Kerry met with Pakistan's army chief Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani to discuss the peace process with the Taliban in Afghanistan.

Question: Who did the Washington Post say Kerry was an envoy for?


Answer: May 2011

Question: When did the Washington Post say Kerry was important envoy?


Answer: perhaps the most important crossroads yet

Question: How, in May 2011, did the WaPo describe Bin Laden's killing?


Answer: the tail-section of the U.S. helicopter which had had to be abandoned at Abbottabad during the bin Laden strike

Question: What did Kerry get from the Pakistanis?


Answer: Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani

Question: Who was Pakistan's army chief in 2013?


Answer: the National Journal

Context: Most analyses place Kerry's voting record on the left within the Senate Democratic caucus. During the 2004 presidential election he was portrayed as a staunch liberal by conservative groups and the Bush campaign, who often noted that in 2003 Kerry was rated the National Journal's top Senate liberal. However, that rating was based only upon voting on legislation within that past year. In fact, in terms of career voting records, the National Journal found that Kerry is the 11th most liberal member of the Senate. Most analyses find that Kerry is at least slightly more liberal than the typical Democratic Senator. Kerry has stated that he opposes privatizing Social Security, supports abortion rights for adult women and minors, supports same-sex marriage, opposes capital punishment except for terrorists, supports most gun control laws, and is generally a supporter of trade agreements. Kerry supported the North American Free Trade Agreement and Most Favored Nation status for China, but opposed the Central American Free Trade Agreement.[citation needed]

Question: Who said Kerry was the 'top Senate liberal'?


Answer: 2003

Question: When was Kerry called the 'top Senate liberal'?


Answer: 11th most liberal

Question: What was Kerry's actual career voting rank for 'liberalness'?


Answer: North American Free Trade Agreement

Question: What trade agreement did Kerry support?


Answer: Central American Free Trade Agreement

Question: What trade agreement did Kerry oppose?


Answer: October 9, 2002

Context: In the lead up to the Iraq War, Kerry said on October 9, 2002; "I will be voting to give the President of the United States the authority to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein because I believe that a deadly arsenal of weapons of mass destruction in his hands is a real and grave threat to our security." Bush relied on that resolution in ordering the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Kerry also gave a January 23, 2003 speech to Georgetown University saying "Without question, we need to disarm Saddam Hussein. He is a brutal, murderous dictator; leading an oppressive regime he presents a particularly grievous threat because he is so consistently prone to miscalculation. So the threat of Saddam Hussein with weapons of mass destruction is real." Kerry did, however, warn that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war: "Mr. President, do not rush to war, take the time to build the coalition, because it's not winning the war that's hard, it's winning the peace that's hard."

Question: When did Kerry say he intended to support the Iraq War?


Answer: 2003

Question: When did Bush declare the Iraq war?


Answer: Saddam Hussein

Question: Who did Kerry say we should disarm?


Answer: January 23, 2003

Question: When did Kerry speak at Georgetown University?


Answer: the Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs

Context: Kerry chaired the Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs from 1991 to 1993. The committee's report, which Kerry endorsed, stated there was "no compelling evidence that proves that any American remains alive in captivity in Southeast Asia." In 1994 the Senate passed a resolution, sponsored by Kerry and fellow Vietnam veteran John McCain, that called for an end to the existing trade embargo against Vietnam; it was intended to pave the way for normalization. In 1995, President Bill Clinton normalized diplomatic relations with the country of Vietnam.

Question: What committee did Kerry chair in 1991-1993?


Answer: there was "no compelling evidence that proves that any American remains alive in captivity in Southeast Asia."

Question: What did the POW/MIA committee conclude about Vietnam POWs?


Answer: 1994

Question: When did Kerry sponsor a resolution to reopen trade with Vietnam?


Answer: John McCain

Question: Who sponsored the resolution to reopen trade with Vietnam, along with Kerry?


Answer: 1995

Question: When did Bill Clinton normalize relations with Vietnam?


Answer: North Carolina

Context: In the 2004 Democratic presidential primaries, John Kerry defeated several Democratic rivals, including Sen. John Edwards (D-North Carolina.), former Vermont Governor Howard Dean and retired Army General Wesley Clark. His victory in the Iowa caucuses is widely believed to be the tipping point where Kerry revived his sagging campaign in New Hampshire and the February 3, 2004, primary states like Arizona, South Carolina and New Mexico. Kerry then went on to win landslide victories in Nevada and Wisconsin. Kerry thus won the Democratic nomination to run for President of the United States against incumbent George W. Bush. On July 6, 2004, he announced his selection of John Edwards as his running mate. Democratic strategist Bob Shrum, who was Kerry's 2004 campaign adviser, wrote an article in Time magazine claiming that after the election, Kerry had said that he wished he'd never picked Edwards, and that the two have since stopped speaking to each other. In a subsequent appearance on ABC's This Week, Kerry refused to respond to Shrum's allegation, calling it a "ridiculous waste of time."

Question: Where was John Edwards a senator?


Answer: Vermont

Question: Where was Howard Dean a governor?


Answer: Army General

Question: What was Wesley Clark's former job?


Answer: John Kerry

Question: Who won the 2004 Iowa Democratic Caucus?


Answer: July 6, 2004

Question: When did Kerry choose John Edwards to be his VP?


Answer: President George W. Bush

Context: During his bid to be elected president in 2004, Kerry frequently criticized President George W. Bush for the Iraq War. While Kerry had initially voted in support of authorizing President Bush to use force in dealing with Saddam Hussein, he voted against an $87 billion supplemental appropriations bill to pay for the subsequent war. His statement on March 16, 2004, "I actually did vote for the $87 billion before I voted against it," helped the Bush campaign to paint him as a flip-flopper and has been cited as contributing to Kerry's defeat.

Question: Who did Kerry criticize during the 2004 campaign?


Answer: for the Iraq War

Question: Why did Kerry criticize Bush during the 2004 campaign?


Answer: an $87 billion supplemental appropriations bill to pay for the subsequent war

Question: What had Kerry voted against after supporting the initial Iraq authorization?


Answer: a flip-flopper

Question: What did Bush's campaign call Kerry for changing his mind about Iraq?


Answer: Keeping America's Promise

Context: Kerry established a separate political action committee, Keeping America's Promise, which declared as its mandate "A Democratic Congress will restore accountability to Washington and help change a disastrous course in Iraq", and raised money and channeled contributions to Democratic candidates in state and federal races. Through Keeping America's Promise in 2005, Kerry raised over $5.5 million for other Democrats up and down the ballot. Through his campaign account and his political action committee, the Kerry campaign operation generated more than $10 million for various party committees and 179 candidates for the U.S. House, Senate, state and local offices in 42 states focusing on the midterm elections during the 2006 election cycle. "Cumulatively, John Kerry has done as much if not more than any other individual senator", Hassan Nemazee, the national finance chairman of the DSCC said.

Question: What was Kerry's PAC?


Answer: "A Democratic Congress will restore accountability to Washington and help change a disastrous course in Iraq"

Question: What was the mission of Keeping America's Promise?


Answer: 179

Question: How many down-ballot candidates did Kerry help support?


Answer: 42

Question: How many states' down-ballot candidates did Kerry help support?


Answer: the midterm elections during the 2006 election cycle

Question: Which election did Kerry's PAC focus on?


Answer: December 15, 2012

Context: On December 15, 2012, several news outlets reported that President Barack Obama would nominate Kerry to succeed Hillary Clinton as Secretary of State, after Susan Rice, widely seen as Obama's preferred choice, withdrew her name from consideration citing a politicized confirmation process following criticism of her response to the 2012 Benghazi attack. On December 21, Obama proposed the nomination which received positive commentary. His confirmation hearing took place on January 24, 2013, before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, the same panel where he first testified in 1971. The committee unanimously voted to approve him on January 29, 2013, and the same day the full Senate confirmed him on a vote of 94–3. In a letter to Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick, Kerry announced his resignation from the Senate effective February 1.

Question: When was it reported that Kerry would become SoS?


Answer: Hillary Clinton

Question: Who was Secretary of State before Kerry?


Answer: Susan Rice

Question: Who backed out of becoming SoS after Hillary?


Answer: a politicized confirmation process following criticism of her response to the 2012 Benghazi attack

Question: Why did Rice withdraw?


Answer: January 29, 2013

Question: When was Kerry's appointment confirmed?


Answer: Career State Department officials

Context: In the State Department, Kerry quickly earned a reputation "for being aloof, keeping to himself, and not bothering to read staff memos." Career State Department officials have complained that power has become too centralized under Kerry's leadership, which slows department operations when Kerry is on one of his frequent overseas trips. Others in State describe Kerry as having "a kind of diplomatic attention deficit disorder" as he shifts from topic to topic instead of focusing on long-term strategy. When asked whether he was traveling too much, he responded, "Hell no. I'm not slowing down." Despite Kerry's early achievements, morale at State is lower than under Hillary Clinton according to department employees. However, after Kerry's first six months in the State Department, a Gallup poll found he had high approval ratings among Americans as Secretary of State. After a year, another poll showed Kerry's favorability continued to rise. Less than two years into Kerry's term, the Foreign Policy Magazine's 2014 Ivory Tower survey of international relations scholars asked, "Who was the most effective U.S. Secretary of State in the past 50 years?"; John Kerry and Lawrence Eagleburger tied for 11th place out of the 15 confirmed Secretaries of State in that period.

Question: Who complained about how Kerry ran the State Dept?


Answer: power has become too centralized under Kerry's leadership, which slows department operations when Kerry is on one of his frequent overseas trips

Question: What was the complaint about how Kerry ran the State Dept?


Answer: having "a kind of diplomatic attention deficit disorder"

Question: How had some State employees described Kerry?


Answer: Foreign Policy Magazine

Question: Who published the Ivory Tower Survey?


Answer: tied for 11th place out of the 15

Question: What was Kerry's ranking in the Ivory Tower Survey for effectiveness as SoS?


Answer: Archbishop Pietro Parolin

Context: In January 2014, having met with Secretary of State, Archbishop Pietro Parolin, Kerry said "We touched on just about every major issue that we are both working on, that are issues of concern to all of us. First of all, we talked at great length about Syria, and I was particularly appreciative for the Archbishop’s raising this issue, and equally grateful for the Holy Father’s comments – the Pope's comments yesterday regarding his support for the Geneva II process. We welcome that support. It is very important to have broad support, and I know that the Pope is particularly concerned about the massive numbers of displaced human beings and the violence that has taken over 130,000 lives".

Question: Who met Kerry in Jan 2014?


Answer: Syria

Question: What country did Kerry discuss with Parolin?


Answer: the Geneva II process

Question: What did the Pope express support for in Jan 2014?


Answer: over 130,000

Question: How many people did Kerry say had died in Syria as of Jan 2014?


Answer: Bashar al-Assad

Context: Kerry said on September 9 in response to a reporter's question about whether Syrian President Bashar al-Assad could avert a military strike: "He could turn over every single bit of his chemical weapons to the international community in the next week. Turn it over, all of it, without delay, and allow a full and total accounting for that. But he isn't about to do it, and it can't be done, obviously." This unscripted remark initiated a process that would lead to Syria agreeing to relinquish and destroy its chemical weapons arsenal, as Russia treated Kerry's statement as a serious proposal. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said Russia would work "immediately" to convince Syria relinquish and destroy its large chemical weapons arsenal. Syria quickly welcomed this proposal and on September 14, the UN formally accepted Syria's application to join the convention banning chemical weapons, and separately, the U.S. and Russia agreed on a plan to eliminate Syria's chemical weapons by the middle of 2014. On September 28, the UN Security Council passed a resolution ordering the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons and condemning the August 21 Ghouta attack.

Question: Who was Syria's president in 2014?


Answer: turn over every single bit of his chemical weapons to the international community in the next week

Question: What did Kerry say Syria could do to avoid a military strike?


Answer: Russia

Question: Which country convinced Syria to actually give up its chemical weapons?


Answer: Russian Foreign Minister

Question: What was Sergey Lavrov's position?


Answer: September 28

Question: When did the UN Security Council order Syria's chemical weapons be destroyed?


Answer: the Organization of American States

Context: In a speech before the Organization of American States in November 2013, Kerry remarked that the era of the Monroe Doctrine was over. He went on to explain, "The relationship that we seek and that we have worked hard to foster is not about a United States declaration about how and when it will intervene in the affairs of other American states. It's about all of our countries viewing one another as equals, sharing responsibilities, cooperating on security issues, and adhering not to doctrine, but to the decisions that we make as partners to advance the values and the interests that we share."

Question: Where did Kerry speak in Nov 2013?


Answer: the era of the Monroe Doctrine

Question: What did Kerry say had ended, in the Nov 2013 speech?


Answer: in November 2013

Question: When did Kerry speak to the OAS?


Answer: Ida Lowe

Context: Kerry's paternal grandparents, shoe businessman Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry and musician Ida Lowe, were immigrants from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Fred was born as "Fritz Kohn" before he and Ida took on the "Kerry" name and moved to the United States. Fred and Ida were born Jewish, and converted to Catholicism together in Austria. His maternal ancestors were of Scottish and English descent, and his maternal grandfather James Grant Forbes II was a member of the Forbes family, while his maternal grandmother Margaret Tyndal Winthrop was a member of the Dudley–Winthrop family. Margaret's paternal grandfather Robert Charles Winthrop served as the 22nd Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. Robert's father was Governor Thomas Lindall Winthrop. Thomas' father John Still Winthrop was a great-great-grandson of Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Winthrop and great-grandson of Governor Thomas Dudley. Through his mother, John is a first cousin once removed of French politician Brice Lalonde.

Question: Who was Kerry's paternal grandmother?


Answer: Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry

Question: Who was Kerry's paternal grandfather?


Answer: musician

Question: What was Kerry's paternal grandmother's career?


Answer: shoe businessman

Question: What was Kerry's paternal grandfather's career?


Answer: the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Question: Where did Kerry's paternal grandparents immigrate from?


Answer: 1982

Context: Alexandra was born days before Kerry began law school. In 1982, Julia asked Kerry for a separation while she was suffering from severe depression. They were divorced on July 25, 1988, and the marriage was formally annulled in 1997. "After 14 years as a political wife, I associated politics only with anger, fear and loneliness" she wrote in A Change of Heart, her book about depression. Thorne later married Richard Charlesworth, an architect, and moved to Bozeman, Montana, where she became active in local environmental groups such as the Greater Yellowstone Coalition. Thorne supported Kerry's 2004 presidential run. She died of cancer on April 27, 2006.

Question: When did Kerry and his wife separate?


Answer: July 25, 1988

Question: When did Kerry and his wife divorce?


Answer: 1997

Question: When did Kerry and his wife get an annullment?


Answer: A Change of Heart

Question: What book did Kerry's ex-wife write?


Answer: Richard Charlesworth

Question: Who did Kerry's ex-wife remarry?


Answer: Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira

Context: Kerry and his second wife, Mozambican-born businesswoman and philanthropist Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira (known as Teresa), the widow of Kerry's late Pennsylvania Republican Senate colleague Henry John Heinz III, were introduced to each other by Heinz at an Earth Day rally in 1990. Early the following year, Senator Heinz was killed in a plane crash near Lower Merion. Teresa has three sons from her previous marriage to Heinz, Henry John Heinz IV, André Thierstein Heinz, and Christopher Drake Heinz. Heinz and Kerry were married on May 26, 1995, in Nantucket, Massachusetts.

Question: Who is Kerry's 2nd wife?


Answer: Mozambican

Question: What is Kerry's 2nd wife's nationality?


Answer: Henry John Heinz III

Question: Who was Kerry's 2nd wife's previous husband?


Answer: 1990

Question: When did Kerry and Teresa meet?


Answer: at an Earth Day rally

Question: Where did Kerry and Teresa meet?


Answer: $750 million

Context: The Forbes 400 survey estimated in 2004 that Teresa Heinz Kerry had a net worth of $750 million. However, estimates have frequently varied, ranging from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion, according to a study in the Los Angeles Times. Regardless of which figure is correct, Kerry was the wealthiest U.S. Senator while serving in the Senate. Independent of Heinz, Kerry is wealthy in his own right, and is the beneficiary of at least four trusts inherited from Forbes family relatives, including his mother, Rosemary Forbes Kerry, who died in 2002. Forbes magazine (named for the Forbes family of publishers, unrelated to Kerry) estimated that if elected, and if Heinz family assets were included, Kerry would have been the third-richest U.S. President in history, when adjusted for inflation. This assessment was based on Heinz and Kerry's combined assets, but the couple signed a prenuptial agreement that keeps their assets separate. Kerry's financial disclosure form for 2011 put his personal assets in the range of $230,000,000 to $320,000,000, including the assets of his spouse and any dependent children. This included slightly more than three million dollars worth of H. J. Heinz Company assets, which increased in value by over six hundred thousand dollars in 2013 when Berkshire Hathaway announced their intention to purchase the company.

Question: What was Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth in 2004 according to Forbes?


Answer: from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion

Question: What range of estimates have been given for Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth?


Answer: Rosemary Forbes Kerry

Question: What was Kerry's mother's name?


Answer: 2002

Question: When did Kerry's mother pass away?


Answer: third-richest

Question: Where would Kerry have ranked among richest US presidents, adjusted for inflation?


Answer: Roman Catholic

Context: Kerry is a Roman Catholic, and is said to carry a religious rosary, a prayer book, and a St. Christopher medal (the patron saint of travelers) when he campaigned. While Kerry is personally against abortion, he supports a woman's legal right to have one. Discussing his faith, Kerry said, "I thought of being a priest. I was very religious while at school in Switzerland. I was an altar boy and prayed all the time. I was very centered around the Mass and the church." He also said that the Letters of Paul (Apostle Paul) moved him the most, stating that they taught him to "not feel sorry for myself."

Question: What religion is Kerry?


Answer: a religious rosary, a prayer book, and a St. Christopher medal

Question: What religious items did Kerry bring with him while campaigning?


Answer: travelers

Question: What is St. Christopher the patron saint of?


Answer: was an altar boy and prayed all the time

Question: What did Kerry do in the church while living in Switzerland?


Answer: the Letters of Paul

Question: Which part of the Bible did Kerry find the most moving?


Answer: Christianity Today

Context: Kerry told Christianity Today in October 2004 "I'm a Catholic and I practice, but at the same time I have an open-mindedness to many other expressions of spirituality that come through different religions... I've spent some time reading and thinking about religion and trying to study it, and I've arrived at not so much a sense of the differences, but a sense of the similarities in so many ways." He said that he believed that the Torah, the Qur'an, and the Bible all share a fundamental story which connects with readers.

Question: Who interviewed Kerry in Oct 2004 about his religion?


Answer: many other expressions of spirituality that come through different religions

Question: What did Kerry tell Christianity Today that he is open-minded to?


Answer: he believed that the Torah, the Qur'an, and the Bible all share a fundamental story

Question: What did Kerry say about major religious texts?


Answer: Sports Illustrated

Context: In addition to the sports he played at Yale, Kerry is described by Sports Illustrated, among others, as an "avid cyclist", primarily riding on a road bike. Prior to his presidential bid, Kerry was known to have participated in several long-distance rides (centuries). Even during his many campaigns, he was reported to have visited bicycle stores in both his home state and elsewhere. His staff requested recumbent stationary bikes for his hotel rooms. He has also been a snowboarder, windsurfer, and sailor.

Question: Who said Kerry is an 'avid cyclist'?


Answer: a road bike

Question: What type of bicycle does Kerry prefer?


Answer: long-distance rides

Question: What are 'centuries' in bicycling?


Answer: recumbent stationary bikes for his hotel rooms

Question: What bicycles did Kerry use while campaigning?


Answer: snowboarder, windsurfer, and sailor

Question: What other sports does Kerry participate in?


Answer: a Friendship 75

Context: According to the Boston Herald, dated July 23, 2010, Kerry commissioned construction on a new $7 million yacht (a Friendship 75) in New Zealand and moored it in Portsmouth, Rhode Island, where the Friendship yacht company is based. The article claimed this allowed him to avoid paying Massachusetts taxes on the property including approximately $437,500 in sales tax and an annual excise tax of about $500. However, on July 27, 2010, Kerry stated he had yet to take legal possession of the boat, had not intended to avoid the taxes, and that when he took possession, he would pay the taxes whether he owed them or not.

Question: What type of yacht did Kerry buy?


Answer: $7 million

Question: How expensive was Kerry's yacht?


Answer: New Zealand

Question: Where was Kerry's yacht built?


Answer: $437,500

Question: How much sales tax did Kerry owe on the yacht?


Answer: Massachusetts

Question: Which state received Kerry's yacht's sales tax?


Answer: 342,239

Context: Rajasthan (/ˈrɑːdʒəstæn/ Hindustani pronunciation: [raːdʒəsˈt̪ʰaːn] ( listen); literally, "Land of Kings") is India's largest state by area (342,239 square kilometres (132,139 sq mi) or 10.4% of India's total area). It is located on the western side of the country, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the "Rajasthan Desert" and "Great Indian Desert") and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley. Elsewhere it is bordered by the other Indian states: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya Pradesh to the southeast; and Gujarat to the southwest. Its features include the ruins of the Indus Valley Civilization at Kalibanga; the Dilwara Temples, a Jain pilgrimage site at Rajasthan's only hill station, Mount Abu, in the ancient Aravalli mountain range; and, in eastern Rajasthan, the Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, a World Heritage Site known for its bird life. Rajasthan is also home to two national tiger reserves, the Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur and Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar.

Question: How many square kilometers is Rajasthan?


Answer: 10.4%

Question: What percentage of India's total area is Rajasthan?


Answer: the "Rajasthan Desert" and "Great Indian Desert"

Question: What are alternative names the Thar Desert is known by?


Answer: Punjab

Question: What province in Pakistan does Rajasthan border on its north?


Answer: Jain

Question: The Dilwara Temples are a pilgrimage site for whom?


Answer: 1829

Context: The first mention of the name "Rajasthan" appears in James Tod's 1829 publication Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India, while the earliest known record of "Rajputana" as a name for the region is in George Thomas's 1800 memoir Military Memories. John Keay, in his book India: A History, stated that "Rajputana" was coined by the British in 1829, John Briggs, translating Ferishta's history of early Islamic India, used the phrase "Rajpoot (Rajput) princes" rather than "Indian princes".

Question: When was the first usage of the word Rajasthan?


Answer: Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India

Question: In what publication did the name Rajasthan first appear?


Answer: Rajputana

Question: What is another name for the Rajasthan region?


Answer: 1800

Question: In what year did George Thomas write the memoir known as Military Memories?


Answer: John Keay

Question: Who wrote the book entitled India: A History?


Answer: the Indus Valley Civilization

Context: Parts of what is now Rajasthan were part of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan, in Hanumangarh district, was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization,. It is believed that Western Kshatrapas (405–35 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians and were contemporaneous with the Kushans, who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with their calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps state. Matsya, a state of the Vedic civilisation of India, is said to roughly corresponded to the former state of Jaipur in Rajasthan and included the whole of Alwar with portions of Bharatpur. The capital of Matsya was at Viratanagar (modern Bairat), which is said to have been named after its founder king Virata.

Question: Some portions of Rajasthan were involved with what ancient civilization?


Answer: Hanumangarh district

Question: In what Indus Valley Civilization district was Kalibangan within?


Answer: Western Kshatrapas

Question: What were the Saka Rulers of Western India believed to be called?


Answer: 405–35 BC

Question: Over what time period were the Western Kshatrapas in power?


Answer: the northern part

Question: The Kushans ruled what part of the Indian subcontinent?


Answer: Gurjars

Context: Traditionally the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, PhulMali (Saini) and other tribes made a great contribution in building the state of Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land. Millions of them were killed trying to protect their land. A number of Gurjars had been exterminated in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas fighting with the invaders. Bhils once ruled Kota. Meenas were rulers of Bundi and the Dhundhar region.

Question: Members of what tribe were exterminated in Ajmer?


Answer: Bhils

Question: What tribe formerly ruled Kota?


Answer: Meenas

Question: What was the name of the group that formerly ruled Bundi?


Answer: Saini

Question: What is another way to refer to the PhulMali?


Answer: Rajasthan

Question: The Jats assisted in building what state?


Answer: Gurjar Pratihar Empire

Context: The Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as a barrier for Arab invaders from the 8th to the 11th century. The chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west, starting in the days of Junaid. Historian R. C. Majumdar says that this was openly acknowledged by the Arab writers. He further notes that historians of India have wondered at the slow progress of Muslim invaders in India, as compared with their rapid advance in other parts of the world. Now there seems little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army that effectively barred the progress of the Arabs beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly 300 years.

Question: What empire stopped Arab invasions?


Answer: 8th

Question: Arab attempted to invade the Gurjar Pratihar Empire beginning in what century?


Answer: Sindh

Question: Arab conquest was limited to what region?


Answer: its successful resistance to foreign invasions

Question: What was the most notable accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire?


Answer: Historian R. C. Majumdar

Question: Which historian claims that even the Arabs acknowledged the importance of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire in stopping invasions?


Answer: nineteen

Context: Modern Rajasthan includes most of Rajputana, which comprises the erstwhile nineteen princely states, two chiefships, and the British district of Ajmer-Merwara. Marwar (Jodhpur), Bikaner, Mewar (Chittorgarh), Alwar and Dhundhar (Jaipur) were some of the main Rajput princely states. Bharatpur and Dholpur were Jat princely states whereas Tonk was a princely state under a Muslim Nawab. Rajput families rose to prominence in the 6th century CE. The Rajputs put up a valiant resistance to the Islamic invasions and protected this land with their warfare and chivalry for more than 500 years. They also resisted Mughal incursions into India and thus contributed to their slower-than-anticipated access to the Indian subcontinent. Later, the Mughals, through skilled warfare, were able to get a firm grip on northern India, including Rajasthan. Mewar led other kingdoms in its resistance to outside rule. Most notably, Rana Sanga fought the Battle of Khanua against Babur, the founder of the Mughal empire.

Question: How many princely states of Rajputana contain?


Answer: Ajmer-Merwara

Question: What is the name of the British district within Rajputana?


Answer: princely

Question: Bharatpur is an example of what kind of state?


Answer: Tonk

Question: Under a Muslim Nawab there was a princely state, what was its name?


Answer: Rajput families

Question: What families rose to power in the 6th century?


Answer: Mughals

Context: Over the years, the Mughals began to have internal disputes which greatly distracted them at times. The Mughal Empire continued to weaken, and with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century, Rajputana came under the suzerainty of the Marathas. The Marathas, who were Hindus from the state of what is now Maharashtra, ruled Rajputana for most of the eighteenth century. The Maratha Empire, which had replaced the Mughal Empire as the overlord of the subcontinent, was finally replaced by the British Empire in 1818.

Question: What group in the Rajasthan region started to have internal disputes?


Answer: 18th century

Question: In what century did the Mughal Empire come into decline?


Answer: suzerainty

Question: The Maratharas gained what over Rajputana?


Answer: the state of what is now Maharashtra

Question: Where were the Marathas from?


Answer: 1818

Question: In what year did the British Empire replace the Maratha Empire?


Answer: the Aravalli Range

Context: The geographic features of Rajasthan are the Thar Desert and the Aravalli Range, which runs through the state from southwest to northeast, almost from one end to the other, for more than 850 kilometres (530 mi). Mount Abu lies at the southwestern end of the range, separated from the main ranges by the West Banas River, although a series of broken ridges continues into Haryana in the direction of Delhi where it can be seen as outcrops in the form of the Raisina Hill and the ridges farther north. About three-fifths of Rajasthan lies northwest of the Aravallis, leaving two-fifths on the east and south direction.

Question: Which mountain range goes through Rajasthan?


Answer: 530 mi

Question: What is the length in miles of the Aravalli Range?


Answer: Mount Abu

Question: What peak is at the southwestern part of the Aravalli Range?


Answer: two-fifths

Question: What portion of Rajasthan is east and south of the Aravalli Range?


Answer: West Banas River

Question: Which river separates the main Aravelli ranges?


Answer: The northwestern portion

Context: The northwestern portion of Rajasthan is generally sandy and dry. Most of this region are covered by the Thar Desert which extends into adjoining portions of Pakistan. The Aravalli Range does not intercept the moisture-giving southwest monsoon winds off the Arabian Sea, as it lies in a direction parallel to that of the coming monsoon winds, leaving the northwestern region in a rain shadow. The Thar Desert is thinly populated; the town of Jodhpur is the largest city in the desert and known as the gateway of thar desert. The desert has some major districts like Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Nagour. This area is also important defence point of view. Jodhpur airbase is Indias largest airbase and military, BSF bases are also situated here. A single civil airport is also situated in Jodhpur. The Northwestern thorn scrub forests lie in a band around the Thar Desert, between the desert and the Aravallis. This region receives less than 400 mm of rain in an average year. Temperatures can exceed 48 °C in the summer months and drop below freezing in the winter. The Godwar, Marwar, and Shekhawati regions lie in the thorn scrub forest zone, along with the city of Jodhpur. The Luni River and its tributaries are the major river system of Godwar and Marwar regions, draining the western slopes of the Aravallis and emptying southwest into the great Rann of Kutch wetland in neighboring Gujarat. This river is saline in the lower reaches and remains potable only up to Balotara in Barmer district. The Ghaggar River, which originates in Haryana, is an intermittent stream that disappears into the sands of the Thar Desert in the northern corner of the state and is seen as a remnant of the primitive Saraswati river.

Question: Dry and sandy conditions are indicative of which region of Rajasthan?


Answer: the Thar Desert

Question: Which desert is in the northwestern part of Rajasthan?


Answer: Jodhpur

Question: What is the most populous city in the Thar Desert?


Answer: Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Nagour

Question: What are the names of the major districts of the Thar?


Answer: 400 mm

Question: Rainfall in the Thar Desert region is less than what amount each year on avarage?


Answer: more fertile and better watered

Context: The Aravalli Range and the lands to the east and southeast of the range are generally more fertile and better watered. This region is home to the Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion, with tropical dry broadleaf forests that include teak, Acacia, and other trees. The hilly Vagad region, home to the cities of Dungarpur and Banswara lies in southernmost Rajasthan, on the border with Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. With the exception of Mount Abu, Vagad is the wettest region in Rajasthan, and the most heavily forested. North of Vagad lies the Mewar region, home to the cities of Udaipur and Chittaurgarh. The Hadoti region lies to the southeast, on the border with Madhya Pradesh. North of Hadoti and Mewar lies the Dhundhar region, home to the state capital of Jaipur. Mewat, the easternmost region of Rajasthan, borders Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Eastern and southeastern Rajasthan is drained by the Banas and Chambal rivers, tributaries of the Ganges.

Question: What is a characteristic of the region to the east of the Aravalli range?


Answer: the Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion

Question: What is the name of the ecoregion to the east and southeast of the Aravalli Range?


Answer: teak, Acacia

Question: What are two examples of trees in the broadleaf forests east of the Aravalli's?


Answer: Vagad region

Question: What is the name of the region which is home to Dungarpur?


Answer: Vagad

Question: What is the most heavily forested region in Rajasthan?


Answer: 1,722

Context: The Aravalli Range runs across the state from the southwest peak Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu), which is 1,722 m in height, to Khetri in the northeast. This range divides the state into 60% in the northwest of the range and 40% in the southeast. The northwest tract is sandy and unproductive with little water but improves gradually from desert land in the far west and northwest to comparatively fertile and habitable land towards the east. The area includes the Thar Desert. The south-eastern area, higher in elevation (100 to 350 m above sea level) and more fertile, has a very diversified topography. in the south lies the hilly tract of Mewar. In the southeast, a large area within the districts of Kota and Bundi forms a tableland. To the northeast of these districts is a rugged region (badlands) following the line of the Chambal River. Farther north the country levels out; the flat plains of the northeastern Bharatpur district are part of an alluvial basin. Merta City lies in the geographical center of Rajasthan.

Question: How many meters high is Guru Shikhar?


Answer: 60%

Question: What percentage of Rajasthan is to the northwest of the Aravalli range?


Answer: 100 to 350 m above sea level

Question: What is the average elevation of the south-eastern region of Rajasthan?


Answer: Kota and Bundi

Question: A tableland is contained within what to southeastern districts?


Answer: the Chambal River

Question: What river runs along the badlands in the northeast of Rajasthan


Answer: Jaisalmer

Context: The Desert National Park in Jaisalmer is spread over an area of 3,162 square kilometres (1,221 sq mi), is an excellent example of the ecosystem of the Thar Desert and its diverse fauna. Seashells and massive fossilised tree trunks in this park record the geological history of the desert. The region is a haven for migratory and resident birds of the desert. One can see many eagles, harriers, falcons, buzzards, kestrels and vultures. Short-toed eagles (Circaetus gallicus), tawny eagles (Aquila rapax), spotted eagles (Aquila clanga), laggar falcons (Falco jugger) and kestrels are the commonest of these.

Question: Which region contains Desert National Park?


Answer: 1,221 sq mi

Question: How many square miles is Desert National Park?


Answer: massive fossilised tree trunks

Question: What types of large fossils are found in Desert National Park?


Answer: Short-toed eagles (Circaetus gallicus), tawny eagles (Aquila rapax), spotted eagles (Aquila clanga)

Question: What are the most common types of eagles one might see in the Jaisalmer region?


Answer: Falco jugger

Question: What is another name for a laggar falcon?


Answer: Ranthambore National Park

Context: Ranthambore National Park is known worldwide for its tiger population and is considered by both wilderness lovers and photographers as one of the best place in India to spot tigers. At one point, due to poaching and negligence, tigers became extinct at Sariska, but five tigers have been relocated there. Prominent among the wildlife sanctuaries are Mount Abu Sanctuary, Bhensrod Garh Sanctuary, Darrah Sanctuary, Jaisamand Sanctuary, Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Jawahar Sagar sanctuary, and Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary.

Question: What Rajasthani national park is known for its tigers?


Answer: five tigers

Question: How many tigers were relocated to Sariska?


Answer: one of the best place in India to spot tigers

Question: Ranthamb National Park is known by photographers as what?


Answer: poaching and negligence

Question: Why did tigers became extinct in Sariska?


Answer: agricultural and pastoral

Context: Rajasthan's economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral. Wheat and barley are cultivated over large areas, as are pulses, sugarcane, and oilseeds. Cotton and tobacco are the state's cash crops. Rajasthan is among the largest producers of edible oils in India and the second largest producer of oilseeds. Rajasthan is also the biggest wool-producing state in India and the main opium producer and consumer. There are mainly two crop seasons. The water for irrigation comes from wells and tanks. The Indira Gandhi Canal irrigates northwestern Rajasthan.

Question: The Rajasthan economy is largely composed of what type of industries?


Answer: Cotton and tobacco

Question: What are Rajasthans two main cash crops?


Answer: edible oils

Question: What type of oil does Rajasthan produce some of the largest amounts of in India?


Answer: opium

Question: Rajasthan consumes the most of what product?


Answer: two crop seasons

Question: How many crop seasons are there in Rajasthan?


Answer: polyester fibre

Context: The main industries are mineral based, agriculture based, and textile based. Rajasthan is the second largest producer of polyester fibre in India. The Pali and Bhilwara District produces more cloth than Bhiwandi, Maharashtra and the bhilwara is the largest city in suitings production and export and Pali is largest city in cotton and polyster in blouse pieces and rubia production and export. Several prominent chemical and engineering companies are located in the city of Kota, in southern Rajasthan. Rajasthan is pre-eminent in quarrying and mining in India. The Taj Mahal was built from the white marble which was mined from a town called Makrana. The state is the second largest source of cement in India. It has rich salt deposits at Sambhar, copper mines at Khetri, Jhunjhunu, and zinc mines at Dariba, Zawar mines and Rampura Aghucha (opencast) near Bhilwara. Dimensional stone mining is also undertaken in Rajasthan. Jodhpur sandstone is mostly used in monuments, important buildings and residential buildings. This stone is termed as "chittar patthar". Jodhpur leads in Handicraft and Guar Gum industry. Rajasthan is also a part of the Mumbai-Delhi Industrial corridor is set to benefit economically. The State gets 39% of the DMIC, with major districts of Jaipur, Alwar, Kota and Bhilwara benefiting.

Question: What type of fibre is Rajasthan ranked 2nd in production of?


Answer: Pali is largest city in cotton and polyster in blouse pieces

Question: What is the largest city for polyster blouse pieces in Rajasthan?


Answer: Makrana

Question: From what town did the marble in the Taj Mahal come?


Answer: rich salt deposits

Question: What type of deposits are found at Sambhar?


Answer: copper mines

Question: What kind of mines are found in Khetri and Jhunjhunu ?


Answer: ₹250 million per day

Context: Rajasthan is[when?] earning Rs. 150 million (approx. US$2.5 million) per day as revenue from the crude oil sector. This earning is expected to reach ₹250 million per day in 2013 (which is an increase of ₹100 million or more than 66 percent). The government of India has given permission to extract 300,000 barrels of crude per day from Barmer region which is now 175,000 barrels per day. Once this limit is achieved Rajasthan will become a leader in Crude extraction in Country. Bombay High leads with a production of 250,000 barrels crude per day. Once the limit if 300,000 barrels per day is reached, the overall production of the country will increase by 15 percent. Cairn India is doing the work of exploration and extraction of crude oil in Rajasthan.

Question: What are earnings from crude oil in Rajasthan expected to be in 2013?


Answer: 300,000 barrels

Question: How many barrels of crude oil from Barmer is Rajasthan allowed to extract each day?


Answer: Bombay High

Question: The leader in Indian crude oil production at 250,000 barrels per day is what region?


Answer: Cairn India

Question: What group is conducting exploration for Rajasthan's crude oil??


Answer: 175,000 barrels

Question: How many barrels per day is currently being extracted from the Barmer region?


Answer: Food that could last for several days and could be eaten without heating

Context: Rajasthani cooking was influenced by both the war-like lifestyles of its inhabitants and the availability of ingredients in this arid region. Food that could last for several days and could be eaten without heating was preferred. The scarcity of water and fresh green vegetables have all had their effect on the cooking. It is known for its snacks like Bikaneri Bhujia. Other famous dishes include bajre ki roti (millet bread) and lashun ki chutney (hot garlic paste), mawa kachori Mirchi Bada, Pyaaj Kachori and ghevar from Jodhpur, Alwar ka Mawa(Milk Cake), malpauas from Pushkar and rassgollas from Bikaner. Originating from the Marwar region of the state is the concept Marwari Bhojnalaya, or vegetarian restaurants, today found in many parts of India, which offer vegetarian food of the Marwari people. 4 Dal-Bati-Churma is very popular in Rajasthan. The traditional way to serve it is to first coarsely mash the Baati then pour pure Ghee on top of it. It is served with the daal (lentils) and spicy garlic chutney. Also served with Besan (gram flour) ki kadi. It is commonly served at all festivities, including religious occasions, wedding ceremonies, and birthday parties in Rajasthan. "Dal-Baati-Churma", is a combination of three different food items — Daal (lentils), Baati and Churma (Sweet). It is a typical Rajasthani dish.

Question: What type of food was preferred in Rajasthani cooking?


Answer: scarcity of water

Question: Along with scarce green vegetables, what had an impact on Rajasthani cooking?


Answer: Bikaneri Bhujia

Question: What type of snack is Rajasthan known for?


Answer: lashun ki chutney

Question: What famous dish is also known as hot garlic paste?


Answer: the Marwar region

Question: Vegetarian restaurants come from which Rajasthani region?


Answer: The Ghoomar dance

Context: The Ghoomar dance from Jodhpur Marwar and Kalbeliya dance of Jaisalmer have gained international recognition. Folk music is a large part of Rajasthani culture. Kathputli, Bhopa, Chang, Teratali, Ghindr, Kachchhighori, and Tejaji are examples of traditional Rajasthani culture. Folk songs are commonly ballads which relate heroic deeds and love stories; and religious or devotional songs known as bhajans and banis which are often accompanied by musical instruments like dholak, sitar, and sarangi are also sung.

Question: What type of dance comes from Jodhpur Marwar?


Answer: Jaisalmer

Question: Kalbeliya dance is from which region?


Answer: Folk music

Question: What type of music plays a big part in the culture of Rajasthan?


Answer: Folk songs

Question: Heroic deeds are often a theme of what type of Rajasthani song?


Answer: religious or devotional

Question: What kind of song is referred to as a bhajan?


Answer: prints

Context: Rajasthan is known for its traditional, colorful art. The block prints, tie and dye prints, Bagaru prints, Sanganer prints, and Zari embroidery are major export products from Rajasthan. Handicraft items like wooden furniture and crafts, carpets, and blue pottery are commonly found here. Shopping reflects the colorful culture, Rajasthani clothes have a lot of mirror work and embroidery. A Rajasthani traditional dress for females comprises an ankle-length skirt and a short top, also known as a lehenga or a chaniya choli. A piece of cloth is used to cover the head, both for protection from heat and maintenance of modesty. Rajasthani dresses are usually designed in bright colors like blue, yellow and orange.

Question: Bagaru and Sanganer represent what type of art?


Answer: embroidery

Question: Zari is a type of what art that is a major Rajasthani export?


Answer: ankle-length skirt and a short top

Question: Females in Rajasthan wear what type of traditional clothing?


Answer: lehenga or a chaniya choli

Question: What are the names for a traditional female short-top piece of clothing?


Answer: bright colors like blue, yellow and orange

Question: What colors are dresses in Rajasthan typically made using?


Answer: Spirit possession

Context: Spirit possession has been documented in modern Rajasthan. Some of the spirits possessing Rajasthanis are seen as good and beneficial while others are seen as malevolent. The good spirits include murdered royalty, the underworld god Bhaironji, and Muslim saints. Bad spirits include perpetual debtors who die in debt, stillborn infants, deceased widows, and foreign tourists. The possessed individual is referred to as a ghorala ("mount"). Possession, even if it is by a benign spirit, is regarded as undesirable, as it entails loss of self-control and violent emotional outbursts.

Question: What type of possession has been documented in Rajasthan?


Answer: Bhaironji

Question: What underworld god possess Rajasthanis?


Answer: ghorala

Question: What are possessed individuals known as?


Answer: mount

Question: Ghorala is another word for what?


Answer: loss of self-control and violent emotional outbursts

Question: What results from possession by even benign spirits?


Answer: 38.55%

Context: In recent decades, the literacy rate of Rajasthan has increased significantly. In 1991, the state's literacy rate was only 38.55% (54.99% male and 20.44% female). In 2001, the literacy rate increased to 60.41% (75.70% male and 43.85% female). This was the highest leap in the percentage of literacy recorded in India (the rise in female literacy being 23%). At the Census 2011, Rajasthan had a literacy rate of 67.06% (80.51% male and 52.66% female). Although Rajasthan's literacy rate is below the national average of 74.04% and although its female literacy rate is the lowest in the country, the state has been praised for its efforts and achievements in raising male and female literacy rates.

Question: What was the literacy rate of Rajasthan in 1991?


Answer: 20.44%

Question: How many females had the ability to read in Rajasthan in 1991?


Answer: 23%

Question: What was the rise in female literacy between 1991 and 2001 in Rajasthan?


Answer: 74.04%

Question: What is the national average for literacy in India?


Answer: 60.41%

Question: What was the literacy rate of Rajasthan in 2001?


Answer: Jodhpur and Kota

Context: In Rajasthan, Jodhpur and Kota are two major educational hubs. Kota is known for its quality education in preparation of various competitive exams, coaching for medical and engineering exams while Jodhpur is home to many higher educational institutions like IIT, AIIMS, National Law University, Sardar Patel Police University, National institute of Fashion Technology, MBM Engineering College etc. Kota is popularly referred to as, "coaching capital of India". Other major educational institutions are Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, IIM Udaipur r and LNMIIT. Rajasthan has nine universities and more than 250 colleges, 55,000 primary and 7,400 secondary schools. There are 41 engineering colleges with an annual enrollment of about 11,500 students. Apart from above there 41 Private universities like Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur,Manipal University Jaipur, OPJS University, Churu, Mody University of Technology and Science Lakshmangarh (Women's University, Sikar), RNB Global University, Bikaner. The state has 23 polytechnic colleges and 152 Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) that impart vocational training.

Question: What are the to main educational hubs of Rajasthan?


Answer: Jodhpur

Question: In what educational hub would one find AIIMS?


Answer: coaching capital of India

Question: What is is Kota known as within India?


Answer: nine

Question: How many universities does Rajasthan have?


Answer: 41 engineering colleges

Question: How many engineering colleges are in Rajasthan?


Answer: 14 percent

Context: Rajasthan attracted 14 percent of total foreign visitors during 2009–2010 which is the fourth highest among Indian states. It is fourth also in Domestic tourist visitors. Tourism is a flourishing industry in Rajasthan. The palaces of Jaipur and Ajmer-Pushkar, the lakes of Udaipur, the desert forts of Jodhpur, Taragarh Fort (Star Fort) in Ajmer, and Bikaner and Jaisalmer rank among the most preferred destinations in India for many tourists both Indian and foreign. Tourism accounts for eight percent of the state's domestic product. Many old and neglected palaces and forts have been converted into heritage hotels. Tourism has increased employment in the hospitality sector.

Question: What percentage of India's foreign visitors came to Rajasthan from 2009 to 2010?


Answer: fourth highest

Question: At what level is Rajasthan ranked in India for visits by foreigners?


Answer: fourth

Question: How high is Rajasthan ranked among domestic Indian tourists?


Answer: The palaces of Jaipur and Ajmer-Pushkar

Question: What two palaces are frequent tourist destinations within Rajasthan?


Answer: eight percent

Question: What percentage of the Rajasthani GDP comes from tourism?


Answer: Rajput kings

Context: Rajasthan is famous for its forts, carved temples, and decorated havelis, which were built by Rajput kings in pre-Muslim era Rajasthan.[citation needed] Rajasthan's Jaipur Jantar Mantar, Mehrangarh Fort and Stepwell of Jodhpur, Dilwara Temples, Chittorgarh Fort, Lake Palace, miniature paintings in Bundi, and numerous city palaces and haveli's are part of the architectural heritage of India. Jaipur, the Pink City, is noted for the ancient houses made of a type of sandstone dominated by a pink hue. In Jodhpur, maximum houses are painted blue. At Ajmer, there is white marble Bara-dari on the Anasagar lake. Jain Temples dot Rajasthan from north to south and east to west. Dilwara Temples of Mount Abu, Ranakpur Temple dedicated to Lord Adinath in Pali District, Jain temples in the fort complexes of Chittor, Jaisalmer and Kumbhalgarh, Lodurva Jain temples, Mirpur Jain Temple, Sarun Mata Temple kotputli, Bhandasar and Karni Mata Temple of Bikaner and Mandore of Jodhpur are some of the best examples.

Question: Who built the famous decorated havelis in Rajasthan?


Answer: the Pink City

Question: Jaipur is also known as what city?


Answer: a type of sandstone dominated by a pink hue

Question: What are the notable houses in Jaipur made from?


Answer: Jain Temples

Question: What type of temples stretch from the north to the south of Rajasthan?


Answer: Ranakpur Temple

Question: Which Pali District temple is dedicated to Lord Adinath?


Answer: United States

Context: Guam (i/ˈɡwɑːm/ or /ˈɡwɒm/; Chamorro: Guåhån;[needs IPA] formally the Territory of Guam) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States. Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, Guam is one of five American territories with an established civilian government. The capital city is Hagåtña, and the most populous city is Dededo. In 2015, 161,785 people resided on Guam. Guamanians are American citizens by birth. Guam has an area of 544 km2 (210 sq mi) and a density of 297/km² (770/sq mi). It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands, and the largest island in Micronesia. Among its municipalities, Mongmong-Toto-Maite has the highest density at 1,425/km² (3,691/sq mi), whereas Inarajan and Umatac have the lowest density at 47/km² (119/sq mi). The highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 meters (1,332 ft) above sea level.

Question: What country is Guam a territory of?


Answer: northwestern Pacific Ocean

Question: Where is the island of Guan located?


Answer: 161,785

Question: How many people currently call Guam home as of 2015?


Answer: Dededo

Question: What is the most populous city in Guam?


Answer: Mount Lamlam

Question: What is the name of the largest mountain in Guam?


Answer: Chamorros

Context: The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago. Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521. Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers, like Diego Luis de San Vitores, a Catholic missionary. Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons. During the Spanish–American War, the United States captured Guam on June 21, 1898. Under the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898. Guam is amongst the seventeen Non-Self-Governing Territories of the United Nations.

Question: What is the official name given for Guam's indigenous people?


Answer: 4,000 years ago

Question: When did Guam's indigenous people first arrive?


Answer: Ferdinand Magellan

Question: Who was the first European to visit the island?


Answer: 1668

Question: What year was Guam colonized?


Answer: 1898

Question: What year did the United States capture Guam?


Answer: American Samoa, Hawaii, and the Philippines

Context: Before World War II, Guam and three other territories – American Samoa, Hawaii, and the Philippines – were the only American jurisdictions in the Pacific Ocean. On December 7, 1941, hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Guam was captured by the Japanese, and was occupied for thirty months. During the occupation, Guamanians were subjected to culture alignment, forced labor, beheadings, rape, and torture. Guam endured hostilities when American forces recaptured the island on July 21, 1944; Liberation Day commemorates the victory. Since the 1960s, the economy is supported by two industries: tourism and the United States Armed Forces.

Question: Along with Guam, which other territories were in the United States jurisdiction before WWII?


Answer: December 7, 1941

Question: What was the date on the attack of Pearl Harbor?


Answer: Guam was captured by the Japanese

Question: What happened just after the attack on Peal Harbor?


Answer: thirty months

Question: How long did the Japanese occupation last?


Answer: chamorri (chiefs), matua (upper class), achaot (middle class), and mana'chang (lower class)

Context: The ancient-Chamorro society had four classes: chamorri (chiefs), matua (upper class), achaot (middle class), and mana'chang (lower class).:20–21 The matua were located in the coastal villages, which meant they had the best access to fishing grounds, whereas the mana'chang were located in the interior of the island. Matua and mana'chang rarely communicated with each other, and matua often used achaot as intermediaries. There were also "makåhna" (similar to shamans), skilled in healing and medicine. Belief in spirits of ancient Chamorros called "Taotao mo'na" still persists as a remnant of pre-European culture. Their society was organized along matrilineal clans.:21

Question: Which four classes made up the ancient -Chamorro society?


Answer: coastal villages

Question: Where were the matua located on the island?


Answer: interior of the island

Question: Where were the mana'chag located?


Answer: Portuguese

Context: The first European to discover Guam was Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan, sailing for the King of Spain, when he sighted the island on March 6, 1521 during his fleet's circumnavigation of the globe.:41–42 When Magellan arrived on Guam, he was greeted by hundreds of small outrigger canoes that appeared to be flying over the water, due to their considerable speed. These outrigger canoes were called Proas, and resulted in Magellan naming Guam Islas de las Velas Latinas ("Islands of the Lateen sails"). Antonio Pigafetta, one of Magellan's original 18 the name "Island of Sails", but he also writes that the inhabitants "entered the ships and stole whatever they could lay their hands on", including "the small boat that was fastened to the poop of the flagship.":129 "Those people are poor, but ingenious and very thievish, on account of which we called those three islands Islas de los Ladrones ("Islands of thieves").":131

Question: What was the nationality of Magellan?


Answer: 1521

Question: What year did Magellan locate the island of Guam?


Answer: Proas

Question: What were the name of outrigger canoes?


Answer: 1565

Context: Despite Magellan's visit, Guam was not officially claimed by Spain until January 26, 1565 by General Miguel López de Legazpi.:46 From 1565 to 1815, Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, the only Spanish outpost in the Pacific Ocean east of the Philippines, was an important resting stop for the Manila galleons, a fleet that covered the Pacific trade route between Acapulco and Manila.:51 To protect these Pacific fleets, Spain built several defensive structures which are still standing today, such as Fort Nuestra Señora de la Soledad in Umatac. It is the biggest single segment of Micronesia, the largest islands between the island of Kyushu (Japan), New Guinea, the Philippines, and the Hawaiian Islands.

Question: In what year was Guam claimed by Spain?


Answer: General Miguel López de Legazpi

Question: What was the name of the general who claimed Guam?


Answer: built several defensive structures

Question: What did Spain build to protect their fleet at Guam?


Answer: June 15, 1668

Context: Spanish colonization commenced on June 15, 1668 with the arrival of Diego Luis de San Vitores and Pedro Calungsod, who established the first Catholic church.:64 The islands were part of the Spanish East Indies governed from the Philippines, which were in turn part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain based in Mexico City. Other reminders of colonial times include the old Governor's Palace in Plaza de España and the Spanish Bridge, both in Hagatña. Guam's Cathedral Dulce Nombre de Maria was formally opened on February 2, 1669, as was the Royal College of San Juan de Letran.:68 Guam, along with the rest of the Mariana and Caroline Islands, were treated as part of Spain's colony in the Philippines. While Guam's Chamorro culture has indigenous roots, the cultures of both Guam and the Northern Marianas have many similarities with Spanish and Mexican culture due to three centuries of Spanish rule.

Question: When did Spanish colonization commence?


Answer: Diego Luis de San Vitores and Pedro Calungsod

Question: Which two Spaniards aided this colonization and started the first catholic church?


Answer: February 2, 1669

Question: When did Guam's Cathedral first open?


Answer: Dulce Nombre de Maria

Question: What was the name of the first Cathedral?


Answer: 1688

Context: Intermittent warfare lasting from July 23, 1670 until July 1695, plus the typhoons of 1671 and 1693, and in particular the smallpox epidemic of 1688, reduced the Chamorro population from 50,000 to 10,000 to less than 5,000.:86 Precipitated by the death of Quipuha, and the murder of Father San Vitores and Pedro Calungsod by local rebel chief Matapang, tensions led to a number of conflicts. Captain Juan de Santiago started a campaign to pacify the island, which was continued by the successive commanders of the Spanish forces.:68–74

Question: When did the Smallpox epidemic take place?


Answer: July 23, 1670 until July 1695

Question: In what years was there intermittent war fare?


Answer: 50,000 to 10,000

Question: What did the smallpox epidemic reduce the population down to in Chamorro?


Answer: Juan de Santiago

Question: What was the name of the person who started the campaign to pacify the area?


Answer: 1674

Context: After his arrival in 1674, Captain Damian de Esplana ordered the arrest of rebels who attacked the population of certain towns. Hostilities eventually led to the destruction of villages such as Chochogo, Pepura, Tumon, Sidia-Aty, Sagua, Nagan and Ninca.:74–75 Starting in June 1676, the first Spanish Governor of Guam, Capt. Francisco de Irrisarri y Vinar controlled internal affairs more strictly than his predecessors in order to curb tensions. He also ordered the construction of schools, roads and other infrastructure.:75–76 Later, Capt. Jose de Quiroga arrived in 1680 and continued some of the development projects started by his predecessors. He also continued the search for the rebels who had assassinated Father San Vitores, resulting in campaigns against the rebels which were hiding out in some islands, eventually leading to the death of Matapang, Hurao and Aguarin.:77–78 Quiroga brought some natives from the northern islands to Guam, ordering the population to live in a few large villages.:78–79 These included Jinapsan, Umatac, Pago, Agat and Inarajan, where he built a number of churches.:79 By July 1695, Quiroga had completed the pacification process in Guam, Rota, Tinian and Aguigan.:85

Question: When did Captain Damian de Esplana arrive?


Answer: ordered the arrest of rebels

Question: What did Captain Damian do after his arrival?


Answer: Francisco de Irrisarri y Vinar

Question: Who was the first Spanish Governor of Guam?


Answer: 1680

Question: In what year did Jose de Quiroga arrive?


Answer: 1695

Question: in What year did Quiroga complete his pacification?


Answer: 1898

Context: The United States took control of the island in the 1898 Spanish–American War, as part of the Treaty of Paris. Guam was transferred to U.S. Navy control on 23 December 1898 by Executive Order 108-A. Guam came to serve as a station for American ships traveling to and from the Philippines, while the Northern Mariana Islands passed to Germany, and then to Japan. A U.S. Navy yard was established at Piti in 1899, and a marine barracks at Sumay in 1901.:13 Following the Philippine–American War, Emilio Aguinaldo and Apolinario Mabini were exiled on Guam in 1901.:vi

Question: When did the United States take control of the island?


Answer: Spanish–American War

Question: What happened that allowed the United States to have Guam?


Answer: 108-A

Question: What is the name of the executive order that transferred Guam over to the U.S?


Answer: Emilio Aguinaldo and Apolinario Mabini

Question: Which two people were exiled to Guam after the Philippine-American war?


Answer: to serve as interpreters

Context: The Northern Mariana Islands had become a Japanese protectorate before the war. It was the Chamorros from the Northern Marianas who were brought to Guam to serve as interpreters and in other capacities for the occupying Japanese force. The Guamanian Chamorros were treated as an occupied enemy by the Japanese military. After the war, this would cause resentment between the Guamanian Chamorros and the Chamorros of the Northern Marianas. Guam's Chamorros believed their northern brethren should have been compassionate towards them, whereas having been occupied for over 30 years, the Northern Mariana Chamorros were loyal to Japan.

Question: Why were the Chamorros brought to Guam?


Answer: as an occupied enemy

Question: How were Guamanian Chamorro viewed by the Japanese?


Answer: Northern Mariana Chamorros

Question: Who were loyal to Japan?


Answer: Guam Organic Act of 1950

Context: After World War II, the Guam Organic Act of 1950 established Guam as an unincorporated organized territory of the United States, provided for the structure of the island's civilian government, and granted the people U.S. citizenship. The Governor of Guam was federally appointed until 1968, when the Guam Elective Governor Act provided for the office's popular election.:242 Since Guam is not a U.S. state, U.S. citizens residing on Guam are not allowed to vote for president and their congressional representative is a non-voting member.

Question: What established Guam as an unincorporated territory?


Answer: After World War II

Question: What conflict did the Organic Act come after?


Answer: granted the people U.S. citizenship

Question: What did the Guam Act allow the population now that they were a U.S territory?


Answer: 212

Context: Guam lies between 13.2°N and 13.7°N and between 144.6°E and 145.0°E, and has an area of 212 square miles (549 km2), making it the 32nd largest island of the United States. It is the southernmost and largest island in the Mariana island chain and is also the largest island in Micronesia. This island chain was created by the colliding Pacific and Philippine Sea tectonic plates. Guam is the closest land mass to the Mariana Trench, a deep subduction zone, that lies beside the island chain to the east. Challenger Deep, the deepest surveyed point in the Oceans, is southwest of Guam at 35,797 feet (10,911 meters) deep. The highest point in Guam is Mount Lamlam at an elevation of 1,334 feet (407 meters).

Question: How many square miles is Guam?


Answer: the colliding Pacific and Philippine Sea tectonic plates

Question: How was this island chain created?


Answer: 35,797

Question: How deep is the Mariana Trench located near Guam?


Answer: 30 miles

Context: The island of Guam is 30 miles (50 km) long and 4 to 12 miles (6 to 19 km) wide, 3⁄4 the size of Singapore. The island experiences occasional earthquakes due to its location on the western edge of the Pacific Plate and near the Philippine Sea Plate. In recent years, earthquakes with epicenters near Guam have had magnitudes ranging from 5.0 to 8.7. Unlike the Anatahan volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam is not volcanically active. However, due to its proximity to Anatahan, vog (i.e. volcanic smog) does occasionally affect Guam.

Question: How many miles is Guam across?


Answer: earthquakes

Question: What natural disaster that is not predictable does Guam have to worry about?


Answer: volcanic smog

Question: Due to Guam being so close to Anatahan, what dod they have to worry about?


Answer: tropical marine

Context: Guam's climate is characterized as tropical marine moderated by seasonal northeast trade winds. The weather is generally very warm and humid with little seasonal temperature variation. The mean high temperature is 86 °F (30 °C) and mean low is 76 °F (24 °C) with an average annual rainfall of 96 inches (2,180 mm). The dry season runs from December to June. The remaining months (July to November) constitute the rainy season. The months of January and February are considered the coolest months of the year with overnight low temperatures of 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) and low humidity levels. The highest temperature ever recorded in Guam was 96 °F (36 °C) on April 18, 1971 and April 1, 1990, and the lowest temperature ever recorded was 65 °F (18 °C) on February 8, 1973.

Question: What is Guam's climate characterized as?


Answer: 86 °F (30 °C)

Question: What is the mean high temperature in Guam?


Answer: 96 inches (2,180 mm)

Question: What is the average annual rainfall of Guam?


Answer: December to June

Question: When does the dry season in Guam typical run?


Answer: January and February

Question: Which months are considered the coldest in Guam?


Answer: 1668–1898

Context: Post-European-contact Chamorro culture is a combination of American, Spanish, Filipino, other Micronesian Islander and Mexican traditions, with few remaining indigenous pre-Hispanic customs. These influences are manifested in the local language, music, dance, sea navigation, cuisine, fishing, games (such as batu, chonka, estuleks, and bayogu), songs and fashion. During Spanish colonial rule (1668–1898) the majority of the population was converted to Roman Catholicism and religious festivities such as Easter and Christmas became widespread. Post-contact Chamorro cuisine is largely based on corn, and includes tortillas, tamales, atole and chilaquiles, which are a clear influence from Spanish trade between Mesoamerica and Asia. The modern Chamorro language is a Malayo-Polynesian language with much Spanish and Filipino influence. Many Chamorros also have Spanish surnames because of their conversion to Roman Catholic Christianity and the adoption of names from the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, a phenomenon also common to the Philippines.

Question: hat years did the Spanish rule Guam?


Answer: Roman Catholicism

Question: What religion was the general population converted to?


Answer: Easter and Christmas

Question: Which two major holidays become popular in Guam?


Answer: Malayo-Polynesian

Question: What is the name of the modern Chamorro language?


Answer: chenchule' and inafa'maolek

Context: Two aspects of indigenous pre-Hispanic culture that withstood time are chenchule' and inafa'maolek. Chenchule' is the intricate system of reciprocity at the heart of Chamorro society. It is rooted in the core value of inafa'maolek. Historian Lawrence Cunningham in 1992 wrote, "In a Chamorro sense, the land and its produce belong to everyone. Inafa'maolek, or interdependence, is the key, or central value, in Chamorro culture ... Inafa'maolek depends on a spirit of cooperation and sharing. This is the armature, or core, that everything in Chamorro culture revolves around. It is a powerful concern for mutuality rather than individualism and private property rights."

Question: What two indiginous pre-hispanic culture has survived to this point?


Answer: . Chenchule

Question: What is the name of the intricate system in Guam?


Answer: the land and its produce belong to everyone

Question: What do the Chamorro believe in according to Historian Lawrence Cinningham


Answer: social protocol

Context: The core culture or Pengngan Chamorro is based on complex social protocol centered upon respect: From sniffing over the hands of the elders (called mangnginge in Chamorro), the passing down of legends, chants, and courtship rituals, to a person asking for permission from spiritual ancestors before entering a jungle or ancient battle grounds. Other practices predating Spanish conquest include galaide' canoe-making, making of the belembaotuyan (a string musical instrument made from a gourd), fashioning of åcho' atupat slings and slingstones, tool manufacture, Måtan Guma' burial rituals, and preparation of herbal medicines by Suruhanu.

Question: What is the culture of Pengngan Chamorro based on?


Answer: sniffing over the hands of the elders

Question: What does mangnging refer to that directly involves one major human scense?


Answer: string musical instrument made from a gourd

Question: What is a belembaotuyan in Guam?


Answer: cosmopolitan and multicultural nature of modern Guam

Context: The cosmopolitan and multicultural nature of modern Guam poses challenges for Chamorros struggling to preserve their culture and identity amidst forces of acculturation. The increasing numbers of Chamorros, especially Chamorro youth, relocating to the U.S. Mainland has further complicated both definition and preservation of Chamorro identity.[citation needed] While only a few masters exist to continue traditional art forms, the resurgence of interest among the Chamorros to preserve the language and culture has resulted in a growing number of young Chamorros who seek to continue the ancient ways of the Chamorro people.

Question: What posses some challenges for the Chamorros who find it hard to keep their culture?


Answer: relocating to the U.S. Mainland

Question: What else has led to the Chamorro find it hard to keep their culture that involves it's children?


Answer: young Chamorros who seek to continue the ancient ways of the Chamorro people.

Question: What has recently led to a resurgence in the Chamorros culture and preservation of their old ways?


Answer: 15

Context: Guam is governed by a popularly elected governor and a unicameral 15-member legislature, whose members are known as senators. Guam elects one non-voting delegate, currently Democrat Madeleine Z. Bordallo, to the United States House of Representatives. U.S. citizens in Guam vote in a straw poll for their choice in the U.S. Presidential general election, but since Guam has no votes in the Electoral College, the poll has no real effect. However, in sending delegates to the Republican and Democratic national conventions, Guam does have influence in the national presidential race. These delegates are elected by local party conventions.

Question: How many people make up the Guam legislation?


Answer: Democrat Madeleine Z. Bordallo

Question: Who is the current non-voting delegate for Guam?


Answer: Guam has no votes

Question: How many electoral votes does Guam currently have?


Answer: becoming a commonwealth

Context: In the 1980s and early 1990s, there was a significant movement in favor of the territory becoming a commonwealth, which would give it a level of self-government similar to Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands. However, the federal government rejected the version of a commonwealth that the government of Guam proposed, due to it having clauses incompatible with the Territorial Clause (Art. IV, Sec. 3, cl. 2) of the U.S. Constitution. Other movements advocate U.S. statehood for Guam, union with the state of Hawaii, union with the Northern Mariana Islands as a single territory, or independence.

Question: What major movement occurred in Guam in the 80's and 90's?


Answer: would give it a level of self-government similar to Puerto Rico

Question: Why would Guam becoming a commonwealth be so important?


Answer: Hawaii

Question: What is the name of this U.S state that could possibly form a union with Guam?


Answer: building a new aircraft carrier berth on Guam

Context: The U.S. military has proposed building a new aircraft carrier berth on Guam and moving 8,600 Marines, and 9,000 of their dependents, to Guam from Okinawa, Japan. Including the required construction workers, this buildup would increase Guam's population by 45%. In a February 2010 letter, the United States Environmental Protection Agency sharply criticized these plans because of a water shortfall, sewage problems and the impact on coral reefs. By 2012, these plans had been cut to only have a maximum of 4,800 Marines stationed on the island, two thirds of which would be there on a rotational basis without their dependents.

Question: What has the U.S military proposed?


Answer: 8,600 Marines

Question: How many Marines would the United States move to Guam?


Answer: 4,800 Marines

Question: Because of the EPA, how many Marines would the United States be able to send to Guam to live?


Answer: Japanese

Context: Lying in the western Pacific, Guam is a popular destination for Japanese tourists. Its tourist hub, Tumon, features over 20 large hotels, a Duty Free Shoppers Galleria, Pleasure Island district, indoor aquarium, Sandcastle Las Vegas–styled shows and other shopping and entertainment venues. It is a relatively short flight from Asia or Australia compared to Hawaii, with hotels and seven public golf courses accommodating over a million tourists per year. Although 75% of the tourists are Japanese, Guam receives a sizable number of tourists from South Korea, the U.S., the Philippines, and Taiwan. Significant sources of revenue include duty-free designer shopping outlets, and the American-style malls: Micronesia Mall, Guam Premier Outlets, the Agana Shopping Center, and the world's largest Kmart.[citation needed]

Question: What tourist commonly visits Guam?


Answer: 20 large hotels

Question: Around how many Hotels does Guam currently have?


Answer: seven

Question: How many public golf courses does Guam currently have?


Answer: a million

Question: About how many tourist visit Guam yearly?


Answer: Kmart

Question: Which major U.S store does Guam currently have that happens to be the largest in the world?


Answer: The Compacts of Free Association

Context: The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of "free association" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated "Compact Impact" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]

Question: What is the name of the pact held between the United States, Micronesia, Marshal Islands, and Palau?


Answer: no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories)

Question: What is the benefit of the Compacts of Free Association?


Answer: the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement

Question: What has Guam claimed about Compacts of Free Association?


Answer: 1899

Context: In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. Private shipping companies, such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, however, have no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic.

Question: In what year was the local postage stamp overprinted and has since been replaced?


Answer: U.S. postage

Question: What type of postal service does Guam currently have today?


Answer: 96910–96932

Question: What is the current Zip Code range in Guam?


Answer: FedEx, UPS, and DHL

Question: Which three major companies do not consider Guam as domestic when shipping is involved?


Answer: on size and time of year

Context: The speed of mail traveling between Guam and the states varies depending on size and time of year. Light, first-class items generally take less than a week to or from the mainland, but larger first-class or Priority items can take a week or two. Fourth-class mail, such as magazines, are transported by sea after reaching Hawaii. Most residents use post office boxes or private mail boxes, although residential delivery is becoming increasingly available. Incoming mail not from the Americas should be addressed to "Guam" instead of "USA" to avoid being routed the long way through the U.S. mainland and possibly charged a higher rate (especially from Asia).

Question: What determines the speed in which mail reaches Guam from the United States?


Answer: first-class

Question: Which type of service usually takes less than a week to get postage to the island?


Answer: post office boxes or private mail boxes

Question: What do most Guam residents use when receiving mail?


Answer: The Commercial Port

Context: The Commercial Port of Guam is the island's lifeline because most products must be shipped into Guam for consumers. It receives the weekly calls of the Hawaii-based shipping line Matson, Inc. whose container ships connect Guam with Honolulu, Hawaii, Los Angeles, California, Oakland, California and Seattle, Washington. The port is also the regional transhipment hub for over 500,000 customers throughout the Micronesian region. The port is the shipping and receiving point for containers designated for the island's U.S. Department of Defense installations, Andersen Air Force Base and Commander, Naval Forces Marianas and eventually the Third Marine Expeditionary Force.

Question: What is considered to be the lifeline of Guam?


Answer: Matson, Inc

Question: What is the name of the shipping company in Hawaii that connects Guam?


Answer: most products must be shipped into Guam for consumers

Question: Why is the port so important?


Answer: Antonio B. Won Pat

Context: Guam is served by the Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport, which is a hub for United Airlines. The island is outside the United States customs zone so Guam is responsible for establishing and operating its own customs and quarantine agency and jurisdiction. Therefore, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection only carries immigration (but not customs) functions. Since Guam is under federal immigration jurisdiction, passengers arriving directly from the United States skip immigration and proceed directly to Guam Customs and Quarantine.

Question: What is the name of the international airport in Guam?


Answer: United Airlines

Question: What major airline resides at the airport?


Answer: operating its own customs and quarantine agency

Question: What is Guam responsible for when goods both come in and leave?


Answer: brown tree snake

Context: Believed to be a stowaway on a U.S. military transport near the end of World War II, the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) was accidentally introduced to Guam, that previously had no native species of snake. It nearly eliminated the native bird population. The problem was exacerbated because the reptile has no natural predators on the island. The brown tree snake, known locally as the kulebla, is native to northern and eastern coasts of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. While slightly venomous, the snake is relatively harmless to human beings. Although some studies have suggested a high density of these serpents on Guam, residents rarely see the nocturnal creatures. The United States Department of Agriculture has trained detector dogs to keep the snakes out of the island's cargo flow. The United States Geological Survey also has dogs capable of detecting snakes in forested environments around the region's islands.

Question: Which animal was accidentally introduced into Guam?


Answer: brown tree snake

Question: What was accidentally introduced into Guam?


Answer: nearly eliminated the native bird population

Question: With the introduction of a non native snake in the area of Guam what impact did it have the island?


Answer: has trained detector dogs to keep the snakes out of the island's cargo flow

Question: What has the U.S Department of Agriculture done to help watch for the snakes?


Answer: Guam rail (or ko'ko' bird in Chamorro) and the Guam flycatcher

Context: Before the introduction of the brown tree snake, Guam was home to several endemic bird species. Among them were the Guam rail (or ko'ko' bird in Chamorro) and the Guam flycatcher, both common throughout the island. Today the flycatcher is entirely extinct while the Guam rail is extinct in the wild but bred in captivity by the Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources. The devastation caused by the snake has been significant over the past several decades. As many as twelve bird species are believed to have been driven to extinction. According to many elders, ko'ko' birds were common in Guam before World War II.

Question: What are the names of the two native birds in Guam before the brown snake intrusion?


Answer: twelve bird species

Question: How many bird species have been driven to extinction in Guam?


Answer: ko'ko' birds

Question: What other bird was very common before WWII according to the elders?


Answer: coconut rhinoceros beetle

Context: An infestation of the coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes rhinoceros, was detected on Guam on September 12, 2007. CRB is not known to occur in the United States except in American Samoa. Delimiting surveys performed September 13–25, 2007 indicated that the infestation was limited to Tumon Bay and Faifai Beach, an area of approximately 900 acres (3.6 km2). Guam Department of Agriculture (GDA) placed quarantine on all properties within the Tumon area on October 5 and later expanded the quarantine to about 2,500 acres (10 km2) on October 25; approximately 0.5 miles (800 m) radius in all directions from all known locations of CRB infestation. CRB is native to Southern Asia and distributed throughout Asia and the Western Pacific including Sri Lanka, Upolu, Samoa, American Samoa, Palau, New Britain, West Irian, New Ireland, Pak Island and Manus Island (New Guinea), Fiji, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mauritius, and Reunion.

Question: What insect was detected in 2007?


Answer: American Samoa

Question: What other American territory has these beetles that have infested Guam?


Answer: Southern Asia

Question: Where is the Coconut Beetle native to?