lmqg/qg_squad huggingface dataset:
In 1981, after 6 decades under the Wrigley family, the Cubs were purchased by Tribune Company for $20,500,000. Tribune, owners of the Chicago Tribune, Los Angeles Times, WGN Television, WGN Radio and many other media outlets, controlled the club until December 2007, when Sam Zell completed his purchase of the entire Tribune organization and announced his intention to sell the baseball team. After a nearly two-year process which involved potential buyers such as Mark Cuban and a group led by Hank Aaron, a family trust of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts won the bidding process as the 2009 season came to a close. Ultimately, the sale was unanimously approved by MLB owners and the Ricketts family took control on October 27, 2009.

Question: What company purchased the Cubs in 1981?
Answer: Tribune Company

Question: How much did Tribune Company purchase the Cubs for?
Answer: $20,500,000

Question: How long were the Cubs ran under the Wrigley family?
Answer: 6 decades
Located in Chicago's Lake View neighborhood, Wrigley Field sits on an irregular block bounded by Clark and Addison Streets and Waveland and Sheffield Avenues. The area surrounding the ballpark is typically referred to as Wrigleyville. There is a dense collection of sports bars and restaurants in the area, most with baseball inspired themes, including Sluggers, Murphy's Bleachers and The Cubby Bear. Many of the apartment buildings surrounding Wrigley Field on Waveland and Sheffield Avenues have built bleachers on their rooftops for fans to view games and other sell space for advertisement. One building on Sheffield Avenue has a sign atop its roof which says "Eamus Catuli!" which is Latin for "Let's Go Cubs!" and another chronicles the time since the last Division title, pennant, and World Series championship. The 02 denotes two years since the 2008 NL Central title, 65 years since the 1945 pennant and 102 years since the 1908 World Series championship. On game days, many residents rent out their yards and driveways to people looking for parking spots. The uniqueness of the neighborhood itself has ingrained itself into the culture of the Chicago Cubs as well as the Wrigleyville neighborhood, and has led to being used for concerts and other sporting events, such as the 2010 NHL Winter Classic between the Chicago Blackhawks and Detroit Red Wings, as well as a 2010 NCAA men's football game between the Northwestern Wildcats and Illinois Fighting Illini.

Question: Where is Wrigley Field located?
Answer: Chicago's Lake View neighborhood

Question: What is the area surrounding the ballpark typically referred to?
Answer: Wrigleyville

Question: What have many apartment buildings surrounding Wrigley Field built on their rooftops?
Answer: bleachers
In 1952, following a referendum, Baden, Württemberg-Baden, and Württemberg-Hohenzollern merged into Baden-Württemberg. In 1957, the Saar Protectorate rejoined the Federal Republic as the Saarland. German reunification in 1990, in which the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) ascended into the Federal Republic, resulted in the addition of the re-established eastern states of Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (in German Mecklenburg-Vorpommern), Saxony (Sachsen), Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt), and Thuringia (Thüringen), as well as the reunification of West and East Berlin into Berlin and its establishment as a full and equal state. A regional referendum in 1996 to merge Berlin with surrounding Brandenburg as "Berlin-Brandenburg" failed to reach the necessary majority vote in Brandenburg, while a majority of Berliners voted in favour of the merger.

Question: How did Baden-Württemberg form?
Answer: following a referendum

Question: When did the the Saar Protectorate rejoin the republic?
Answer: German reunification

Question: What was it called when East Germany joined the republic?
Answer: German reunification

Question: What states formed Berlin in 1990?
Answer: West and East Berlin

Question: Who did Berlin fail to merge with in 1996?
Answer: Brandenburg

Question: Which city did Baden, Württemberg-Baden, and Württemberg-Hohenzollern merge into?
Answer: Baden-Württemberg

Question: In what year did Baden, Württemberg-Baden, and Württemberg-Hohenzollern merge?
Answer: 1952

Question: In 1957, the Saar Protectorate rejoined the Federal Republic as which city?
Answer: Saarland

Question: When did the German reunification take place?
Answer: 1990

Question: Why did a regional referendum in 1996 to merge Berlin with surrounding Brandenburg fail?
Answer: failed to reach the necessary majority vote in Brandenburg
A new delimitation of the federal territory keeps being debated in Germany, though "Some scholars note that there are significant differences among the American states and regional governments in other federations without serious calls for territorial changes ...", as political scientist Arthur B. Gunlicks remarks. He summarizes the main arguments for boundary reform in Germany: "... the German system of dual federalism requires strong Länder that have the administrative and fiscal capacity to implement legislation and pay for it from own source revenues. Too many Länder also make coordination among them and with the federation more complicated ...". But several proposals have failed so far; territorial reform remains a controversial topic in German politics and public perception.

Question: What keeps being debated in Germany?
Answer: delimitation of the federal territory

Question: What does Gunlick remark that the German System of dual federalism requires strong Länder to have other than the capacity to implement legislation?
Answer: pay for it from own source revenues

Question: How many proposals have failed so far?
Answer: several
During the Allied occupation of Germany after World War II, internal borders were redrawn by the Allied military governments. No single state comprised more than 30% of either population or territory; this was intended to prevent any one state from being as dominant within Germany as Prussia had been in the past. Initially, only seven of the pre-War states remained: Baden (in part), Bavaria (reduced in size), Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse (enlarged), Saxony, and Thuringia. The states with hyphenated names, such as Rhineland-Palatinate, North Rhine-Westphalia, and Saxony-Anhalt, owed their existence to the occupation powers and were created out of mergers of former Prussian provinces and smaller states. Former German territory that lie east of the Oder-Neisse Line fell under either Polish or Soviet administration but attempts were made at least symbolically not to abandon sovereignty well into the 1960s. However, no attempts were made to establish new states in these territories as they lay outside the jurisdiction of West Germany at that time.

Question: Who redrew Germany's internal borders after World War II?
Answer: Allied military governments

Question: No single state comprised of how much of the population after World War II?
Answer: 30%

Question: After WWII how many states initially remained in Germany?
Answer: seven

Question: Former German territory that lie east of the Oder-Neisse Line went under which countries administration?
Answer: Polish or Soviet administration

Question: How many made to establish new states in the territories lying east of the Oder-Neisse Line?
Answer: no attempts
A new delimitation of the federal territory has been discussed since the Federal Republic was founded in 1949 and even before. Committees and expert commissions advocated a reduction of the number of states; academics (Rutz, Miegel, Ottnad etc.) and politicians (Döring, Apel, and others) made proposals – some of them far-reaching – for redrawing boundaries but hardly anything came of these public discussions. Territorial reform is sometimes propagated by the richer states as a means to avoid or reduce fiscal transfers.

Question: What has been discussed since the Federal Republic was founded in 1949?
Answer: new delimitation of the federal territory

Question: What have experts advocated in regards to delimitation?
Answer: a reduction of the number of states

Question: What is propagated by the richer states as a means to avoid or reduce fiscal transfers?
Answer: Territorial reform
In his investiture address, given on 28 October 1969 in Bonn, Chancellor Willy Brandt proposed that the government would consider Article 29 of the Basic Law as a binding order. An expert commission was established, named after its chairman, the former Secretary of State Professor Werner Ernst. After two years of work, the experts delivered their report in 1973. It provided an alternative proposal for both northern Germany and central and southwestern Germany. In the north, either a single new state consisting of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Bremen and Lower Saxony should be created (solution A) or two new states, one in the northeast consisting of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg and the northern part of Lower Saxony (from Cuxhaven to Lüchow-Dannenberg) and one in the northwest consisting of Bremen and the rest of Lower Saxony (solution B). In the Center and South West either Rhineland-Palatinate (with the exception of the Germersheim district but including the Rhine-Neckar region) should be merged with Hesse and the Saarland (solution C), the district of Germersheim would then become part of Baden-Württemberg.

Question: What did Chancellor Willy Brandt propose in his 28 October 1969 address?
Answer: Article 29 of the Basic Law as a binding order

Question: Where did Chancellor Willy Brandt make his 28 October 1969 address?
Answer: Bonn

Question: An expert commission was established under which chairman?
Answer: Werner Ernst

Question: When did the expert commission deliver its report?
Answer: the district of Germersheim

Question: Which state would the district of Germersheim be a part of?
Answer: Baden-Württemberg
Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.

Question: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with what?
Answer: one or more Kreisfreie Städte

Question: What do local associations replace?
Answer: administrative entities at the district level

Question: What are local associations intended to implement?
Answer: simplification of administration

Question: What is the association a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland typically grouped into?
Answer: Kommunalverband besonderer Art

Question: What does a Kommunalverband besonderer Art require?
Answer: the issuing of special laws
Greece is home to the first advanced civilizations in Europe and is considered the birthplace of Western civilization,[citation clutter] beginning with the Cycladic civilization on the islands of the Aegean Sea at around 3200 BC, the Minoan civilization in Crete (2700–1500 BC), and then the Mycenaean civilization on the mainland (1900–1100 BC). These civilizations possessed writing, the Minoans writing in an undeciphered script known as Linear A, and the Mycenaeans in Linear B, an early form of Greek. The Mycenaeans gradually absorbed the Minoans, but collapsed violently around 1200 BC, during a time of regional upheaval known as the Bronze Age collapse. This ushered in a period known as the Greek Dark Ages, from which written records are absent.

Question: Ancient Greece is considered to be where what was born?
Answer: Western civilization

Question: What was the last civilization to rule Greece?
Answer: Mycenaean

Question: The Mycenaean civilization deteriorated in what time period?
Answer: 1200 BC

Question: Around 1200 BC, what was the fall of the regional civilizations called?
Answer: Bronze Age collapse

Question: What is the time period called from which no writing can be found.
Answer: Greek Dark Ages
Following the Fourth Crusade and the fall of Constantinople to the "Latins" in 1204 mainland Greece was split between the Greek Despotate of Epirus (a Byzantine successor state) and Frankish rule (known as the Frankokratia), while some islands came under Venetian rule. The re-establishment of the Byzantine imperial capital in Constantinople in 1261 was accompanied by the empire's recovery of much of the Greek peninsula, although the Frankish Principality of Achaea in the Peloponnese and the rival Greek Despotate of Epirus in the north both remained important regional powers into the 14th century, while the islands remained largely under Genoese and Venetian control.

Question: Greece was split into sections of different rulers in what year?
Answer: 1204

Question: Constantinople once again became a capital in what year?
Answer: 1261

Question: The Grecian islands in the 14th century were under the control of who?
Answer: Genoese and Venetian

Question: In 1261 Constantinople was the capital for which empire?
Answer: Byzantine
The 16th and 17th centuries are regarded as something of a "dark age" in Greek history, with the prospect of overthrowing Ottoman rule appearing remote with only the Ionian islands remaining free of Turkish domination. Corfu withstood three major sieges in 1537, 1571 and 1716 all of which resulted in the repulsion of the Ottomans. However, in the 18th century, there arose through shipping a wealthy and dispersed Greek merchant class. These merchants came to dominate trade within the Ottoman Empire, establishing communities throughout the Mediterranean, the Balkans, and Western Europe. Though the Ottoman conquest had cut Greece off from significant European intellectual movements such as the Reformation and the Enlightenment, these ideas together with the ideals of the French Revolution and romantic nationalism began to penetrate the Greek world via the mercantile diaspora.[page needed] In the late 18th century, Rigas Feraios, the first revolutionary to envision an independent Greek state, published a series of documents relating to Greek independence, including but not limited to a national anthem and the first detailed map of Greece, in Vienna, and was murdered by Ottoman agents in 1798.[page needed]

Question: Greece's Dark Ages is thought of as what time periods?
Answer: 16th and 17th centuries

Question: Greek merchants ruled the trade industry in which century?
Answer: 18th

Question: Who published Greek documents that espoused Greek independence?
Answer: Rigas Feraios

Question: Rigas Feraios was killed by Ottoman assassins in what year?
Answer: 1798
Legislative powers are exercised by a 300-member elective unicameral Parliament. Statutes passed by the Parliament are promulgated by the President of the Republic. Parliamentary elections are held every four years, but the President of the Republic is obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier on the proposal of the Cabinet, in view of dealing with a national issue of exceptional importance. The President is also obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier, if the opposition manages to pass a motion of no confidence.

Question: How many members are in Greece's parliament?
Answer: 300

Question: How often are elections help for parliament?
Answer: every four years

Question: Parliamentary statutes are put into effect by who?
Answer: President of the Republic
The first amniotes apparently arose in the Late Carboniferous. They descended from earlier reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods, which lived on land that was already inhabited by insects and other invertebrates as well as by ferns, mosses and other plants. Within a few million years, two important amniote lineages became distinct: the synapsids, which would later include the common ancestor of the mammals; and the sauropsids, which would eventually come to include turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs and birds. Synapsids have a single hole (temporal fenestra) low on each side of the skull.

Question: From which period did the first known amniotes arise from?
Answer: Carboniferous

Question: From which group did amniotes descendents of?
Answer: reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods

Question: Two important Amniotes lineages became distinct, what was the name of that distinction?
Answer: the synapsids

Question: Sauropsids would later include which other animals into its group?
Answer: turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs and birds

Question: What is a distinct trait of Synapsids?
Answer: single hole (temporal fenestra) low on each side of the skull
Soon after the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, London merchants presented a petition to Queen Elizabeth I for permission to sail to the Indian Ocean. The permission was granted, and despite the defeat of the English Armada in 1589, on 10 April 1591 three ships sailed from Torbay around the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian Sea on one of the earliest English overseas Indian expeditions. One of them, Edward Bonventure, then sailed around Cape Comorin and on to the Malay Peninsula and subsequently returned to England in 1594.

Question: The Spanish Armada suffered a defeat in what year?
Answer: 1588

Question: What was the first year the London merchants were granted permission to sail the Indina Ocean?
Answer: 1589

Question: Who did the London merchants petition to get permission to sail the Indian Ocean?
Answer: Queen Elizabeth I

Question: how many ships sailed Torbay?
Answer: three

Question: who returned to england after sailing around Cape Comorin?
Answer: Edward Bonventure

Question: in this paragraph the Spanish Armada suffered a defeat in what year?
Answer: 1588

Question: how many ships sailed from Torbay?
Answer: three
This time they succeeded, and on 31 December 1600, the Queen granted a Royal Charter to "George, Earl of Cumberland, and 215 Knights, Aldermen, and Burgesses" under the name, Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies. For a period of fifteen years the charter awarded the newly formed company a monopoly on trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan. Sir James Lancaster commanded the first East India Company voyage in 1601 and returned in 1603. and in March 1604 Sir Henry Middleton commanded the second voyage. General William Keeling, a captain during the second voyage, led the third voyage from 1607 to 1610.

Question: What did the Queen give them for suceeding?
Answer: a Royal Charter

Question: What was the name of the Royal Charter?
Answer: Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies

Question: What did this charter give them?
Answer: a monopoly on trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan

Question: Who commanded the the voyage between 1601 and 1603?
Answer: Sir James Lancaster

Question: Who led the third voyage?
Answer: General William Keeling

Question: Who commanded the the voyage between 1601 and 1603?
Answer: Sir James Lancaster

Question: Who commanded the second voyage in 1604?
Answer: Sir Henry Middleton

Question: What was the rank of the person who commanded the third voyage?
Answer: General

Question: what was the name of the company that traded with East Indies?
Answer: Merchants of London

Question: how many years did the Merchants of London has a monoploy on trade?
Answer: fifteen
In the next two years, the company established its first factory in south India in the town of Machilipatnam on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. The high profits reported by the company after landing in India initially prompted King James I to grant subsidiary licences to other trading companies in England. But in 1609 he renewed the charter given to the company for an indefinite period, including a clause that specified that the charter would cease to be in force if the trade turned unprofitable for three consecutive years.

Question: Where was the first factory in south India?
Answer: town of Machilipatnam on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal

Question: In 1609 the charter was renewed for what period of time?
Answer: indefinite

Question: what would happen if the trade did not return a profit for at least 3 years?
Answer: charter would cease to be in force

Question: why did King James I licence other trading companies from england?
Answer: high profits

Question: Where was the first factory in south India?
Answer: Machilipatnam

Question: What initially moved King James 1 to grant subsidiary licences to other trading companies in England?
Answer: high profits

Question: While the company was giving an indefinite period when renewing thier charter what clause did King james use to make sure the company stayed profitable
Answer: the charter would cease to be in force if the trade turned unprofitable for three consecutive years.

Question: how many years did the Merchants of London have to become profitabl when their charter was renewed by king james?
Answer: three consecutive years
The company, which benefited from the imperial patronage, soon expanded its commercial trading operations, eclipsing the Portuguese Estado da Índia, which had established bases in Goa, Chittagong, and Bombay, which Portugal later ceded to England as part of the dowry of Catherine de Braganza. The East India Company also launched a joint attack with the Dutch United East India Company on Portuguese and Spanish ships off the coast of China, which helped secure their ports in China. The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690). By 1647, the company had 23 factories, each under the command of a factor or master merchant and governor if so chosen, and 90 employees in India. The major factories became the walled forts of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St George in Madras, and Bombay Castle.

Question: when was the bombay trading post established?
Answer: 1668

Question: who commanded the factories owned by the East India company?
Answer: factor or master merchant and governor

Question: who helped join the East India company in a joint attack on Portuguese and Spanish ships?
Answer: Dutch United East India Company

Question: how many employees were in the factories in India?
Answer: 90

Question: what were the walled forts of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St George in Madras and Bombay castle before they were forts?
Answer: major factories

Question: who helped join the East India company in a joint attack on Portuguese and Spanish ships?
Answer: Dutch

Question: by 1647 how many factories did the company have?
Answer: 23

Question: the east india company changed how it did business by moving from focusing on royal patronage to what type of business?
Answer: commercial trading operations

Question: when the east india company move to commercial trading what company did they surpass?
Answer: Portuguese Estado da Índia

Question: The top or most important factories had what physical feature in common?
Answer: walled forts