lmqg/qg_squad huggingface dataset:
As of 2010, those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 57.9% of Florida's population. Out of the 57.9%, the largest groups were 12.0% German (2,212,391), 10.7% Irish (1,979,058), 8.8% English (1,629,832), 6.6% Italian (1,215,242), 2.8% Polish (511,229), and 2.7% French (504,641). White Americans of all European backgrounds are present in all areas of the state. In 1970, non-Hispanic whites were nearly 80% of Florida's population. Those of English and Irish ancestry are present in large numbers in all the urban/suburban areas across the state. Some native white Floridians, especially those who have descended from long-time Florida families, may refer to themselves as "Florida crackers"; others see the term as a derogatory one. Like whites in most of the other Southern states, they descend mainly from English and Scots-Irish settlers, as well as some other British American settlers.

Question: As of 2010 what percentage of Florida was white / non Hispanic
Answer: those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 57.9% of Florida's population

Question: What percentage of florida was white Non Hispanic in 1970
Answer: In 1970, non-Hispanic whites were nearly 80% of Florida's population

Question: What do many white long term floridian families identify with
Answer: long-time Florida families, may refer to themselves as "Florida crackers

Question: Most white Florida Immigrants descend from
Answer: mainly from English and Scots-Irish settlers, as well as some other British American settlers
The first post-Reconstruction era Republican elected to Congress from Florida was William C. Cramer in 1954 from Pinellas County on the Gulf Coast, where demographic changes were underway. In this period, African Americans were still disenfranchised by the state's constitution and discriminatory practices; in the 19th century they had made up most of the Republican Party. Cramer built a different Republican Party in Florida, attracting local white conservatives and transplants from northern and midwestern states. In 1966 Claude R. Kirk, Jr. was elected as the first post-Reconstruction Republican governor, in an upset election. In 1968 Edward J. Gurney, also a white conservative, was elected as the state's first post-reconstruction Republican US Senator. In 1970 Democrats took the governorship and the open US Senate seat, and maintained dominance for years.

Question: The first post- reconstruction era republican elected to florida
Answer: William C. Cramer in 1954 from Pinellas County

Question: What is Cramer credited for
Answer: Cramer built a different Republican Party in Florida, attracting local white conservatives and transplants from northern and midwestern states

Question: Who was Claude R Kirk
Answer: 966 Claude R. Kirk, Jr. was elected as the first post-Reconstruction Republican governor, in an upset election

Question: Who was Edward j Gurney
Answer: 968 Edward J. Gurney, also a white conservative, was elected as the state's first post-reconstruction Republican US Senator

Question: What did the Democrat party do in the 1970
Answer: 1970 Democrats took the governorship and the open US Senate seat, and maintained dominance for years
At the end of the third quarter in 2008, Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days. A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida. The early 21st-century building boom left Florida with 300,000 vacant homes in 2009, according to state figures. In 2009, the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs, the third highest percentage in the country.

Question: What was the mortgage delinquency rate in 2008
Answer: Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days

Question: How many vacant homes in Florida in 2009
Answer: 300,000 vacant homes in 2009

Question: What percentage of personal income was spent of Housing in florida
Answer: Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs

Question: Where did housing spending ranking nationally
Answer: the third highest percentage in the country
On 11 April 2006, Brian May and Roger Taylor appeared on the American singing contest television show American Idol. Each contestant was required to sing a Queen song during that week of the competition. Songs which appeared on the show included "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Fat Bottomed Girls", "The Show Must Go On", "Who Wants to Live Forever", and "Innuendo". Brian May later criticised the show for editing specific scenes, one of which made the group's time with contestant Ace Young look negative, despite it being the opposite. Taylor and May again appeared on the American Idol season 8 finale in May 2009, performing "We Are the Champions" with finalists Adam Lambert and Kris Allen. On 15 November 2009, Brian May and Roger Taylor appeared on the singing contest television show X Factor in the UK.

Question: On what date in 2006 did May and Taylor of Queen appear on American Idol?
Answer: 11 April

Question: What month and year was the season finale of American Idol?
Answer: May 2009

Question: Who were the season 8 finalists on American Idol?
Answer: Adam Lambert and Kris Allen

Question: On what date did Queen's May and Taylor appear on UK X-factor?
Answer: 15 November 2009
The Westminster Confession is "The principal subordinate standard of the Church of Scotland" but "with due regard to liberty of opinion in points which do not enter into the substance of the Faith" (V). This formulation represents many years of struggle over the extent to which the confession reflects the Word of God and the struggle of conscience of those who came to believe it did not fully do so (e.g. William Robertson Smith). Some Presbyterian Churches, such as the Free Church of Scotland, have no such "conscience clause".

Question: To the church of Scotland, what is the sub standard doctrine?
Answer: The Westminster Confession

Question: Who was one person who did not fully believe the struggle of conscience?
Answer: William Robertson Smith

Question: The Free Church in Scotland has something in place that only a few churches have implemented, what is it called?
Answer: conscience clause
John Knox (1505–1572), a Scot who had spent time studying under Calvin in Geneva, returned to Scotland and urged his countrymen to reform the Church in line with Calvinist doctrines. After a period of religious convulsion and political conflict culminating in a victory for the Protestant party at the Siege of Leith the authority of the Church of Rome was abolished in favour of Reformation by the legislation of the Scottish Reformation Parliament in 1560. The Church was eventually organised by Andrew Melville along Presbyterian lines to become the national Church of Scotland. King James VI and I moved the Church of Scotland towards an episcopal form of government, and in 1637, James' successor, Charles I and William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, attempted to force the Church of Scotland to use the Book of Common Prayer. What resulted was an armed insurrection, with many Scots signing the Solemn League and Covenant. The Covenanters would serve as the government of Scotland for nearly a decade, and would also send military support to the Parliamentarians during the English Civil War. Following the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Charles II, despite the initial support that he received from the Covenanters, reinstated an episcopal form of government on the church.

Question: What year did John Knox past away?
Answer: 1572

Question: What did John Knox do when he returned to Scotland after studying under Calvin?
Answer: to reform the Church in line with Calvinist doctrines

Question: The church of Scotland was organized by this person, whats his name?
Answer: Andrew Melville

Question: In what year was the Government of church reinstated?
Answer: 1660
In 1972, the Presbyterian Church of England (PCofE) united with the Congregational Church in England and Wales to form the United Reformed Church (URC). Among the congregations the PCofE brought to the URC were Tunley (Lancashire), Aston Tirrold (Oxfordshire) and John Knox Presbyterian Church, Stepney, London (now part of Stepney Meeting House URC) – these are among the sole survivors today of the English Presbyterian churches of the 17th century. The URC also has a presence in Scotland, mostly of former Congregationalist Churches. Two former Presbyterian congregations, St Columba's, Cambridge (founded in 1879), and St Columba's, Oxford (founded as a chaplaincy by the PCofE and the Church of Scotland in 1908 and as a congregation of the PCofE in 1929), continue as congregations of the URC and university chaplaincies of the Church of Scotland.

Question: In what year did the Church of England and the Congregational Church in England and Waled unite?
Answer: 1972

Question: What are the two former Presbyterian congregations in England?
Answer: St Columba's, Cambridge (founded in 1879), and St Columba's, Oxford

Question: What was the name of the group that was created whenPresbyterian Church of England (PCofE) united with the Congregational Church in England and Wales were united?
Answer: United Reformed Church
In Brazil, the Presbyterian Church of Brazil (Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil) totals approximately 1,011,300 members; other Presbyterian churches (Independents, United, Conservatives, Renovated, etc.) in this nation have around 350,000 members. The Renewed Presbyterian Church in Brazil was influenced by the charismatic movement and has about 131 000 members as of 2011. The Conservative Presbyterian Church was founded in 1940 and has eight presbyteries. The Fundamentalist Presbyterian church in Brazil was influenced by Karl McIntosh and the Bible Presbyterian church USA and has around 1 800 members. The Independent Presbyterian Church in Brasil was founded in 1903 by pastor Pereira, has 500 congregations and 75 000 members. The United Presbyterian Church in Brazil has around 4 000 members. There are also ethnic Korean Presbyterian churches in the country. The Evangelical Reformed Church in Brazil has Dutch origin. The Reformed Churches in Brazil were recently founded by the Canadian Reformed Churches with the Reformed Church in the Netherlands (liberated).

Question: How many members are in the Presbyterian Church of Brazil?
Answer: 1,011,300

Question: As of 2011, how many members were in The Renewed Presbyterian Church in Brazil?
Answer: 131 000

Question: When was Conservative Presbyterian Church formed?
Answer: 1940

Question: What is the name of the Presbyterian church in Brazil with Dutch origins?
Answer: The Evangelical Reformed Church in Brazil
African Presbyterian churches often incorporate diaconal ministries, including social services, emergency relief, and the operation of mission hospitals. A number of partnerships exist between presbyteries in Africa and the PC(USA), including specific connections with Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Ghana and Zambia. For example, the Lackawanna Presbytery, located in Northeastern Pennsylvania, has a partnership with a presbytery in Ghana. Also the Southminster Presbyterian Church, located near Pittsburgh, has partnerships with churches in Malawi and Kenya. The Presbyterian Church of Nigeria, western Africa is also healthy and strong in mostly the southern states of this nation, strong density in the south-eastern states of this country. Beginning from Cross River state, the nearby coastal states, Rivers state, Lagos state to Ebonyi and Abia States. The missionary expedition of Mary Slessor and Hope Waddel and their group in the mid 18th century in this coastal regions of the ten British colony has brought about the beginning and the flourishing of this church in these areas.

Question: Which services to most African Presbyterian churches offer?
Answer: social services, emergency relief, and the operation of mission hospitals

Question: The Southminster Presbyterian Church in Pittsburg has partnerships with churches in which two countries?
Answer: Malawi and Kenya

Question: Which two missionaries help bring Presbyterian churches in the south eastern states?
Answer: Mary Slessor and Hope Waddel
The Reformed Presbyterian Church in Malawi has 150 congregations and 17 000–20 000 members. It was a mission of the Free Presbyterian church of Scotland. The Restored Reformed Church works with RPCM. Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Malawi is an existing small church. Part of the Presbyterian Church in Malawi and Zambia is known as CCAP, Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian. Often the churches there have one main congregation and a number of Prayer Houses develop. education, health ministries as well as worship and spiritual development are important.

Question: The Reformed Presbyterian Church in Malawi has a range of members between what amounts?
Answer: 17 000–20 000 members

Question: Which church is affiliated with the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Malawi?
Answer: Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian

Question: The Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian often offers what services?
Answer: education, health ministries as well as worship
In the mainly Christian Indian state of Mizoram, the Presbyterian denomination is the largest denomination; it was brought to the region with missionaries from Wales in 1894. Prior to Mizoram, the Welsh Presbyterians (missionaries) started venturing into the north-east of India through the Khasi Hills (presently located within the state of Meghalaya in India) and established Presbyterian churches all over the Khasi Hills from the 1840s onwards. Hence there is a strong presence of Presbyterians in Shillong (the present capital of Meghalaya) and the areas adjoining it. The Welsh missionaries built their first church in Sohra (aka Cherrapunji) in 1846. Presbyterians participated in the mergers that resulted in the Church of North India and the Church of South India.Sohra

Question: What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Mizoram?
Answer: 1894

Question: Before Mizoram, what was the name of the group of missionaries that ventured into east india?
Answer: Welsh Presbyterians

Question: Where did the Welsh Presbyterians build there first church?
Answer: Sohra
Among predators there is a large degree of specialization. Many predators specialize in hunting only one species of prey. Others are more opportunistic and will kill and eat almost anything (examples: humans, leopards, dogs and alligators). The specialists are usually particularly well suited to capturing their preferred prey. The prey in turn, are often equally suited to escape that predator. This is called an evolutionary arms race and tends to keep the populations of both species in equilibrium. Some predators specialize in certain classes of prey, not just single species. Some will switch to other prey (with varying degrees of success) when the preferred target is extremely scarce, and they may also resort to scavenging or a herbivorous diet if possible.[citation needed]

Question: Species that aren't considered specialized are called what?
Answer: opportunistic

Question: Predator and prey interactions that involve specialization result in a balance called?
Answer: equilibrium

Question: When a specialized species resorts to foraging and eating other diets, it's like because it's primary food source is?
Answer: scarce

Question: What do specialized predators and prey rely on to get the upper hand?
Answer: evolution

Question: What are some predators that will kill and eat nearly anything?
Answer: humans, leopards, dogs and alligators

Question: What term is used for predators and prey being well suited to hunt and evade each other?
Answer: evolutionary arms race

Question: What is the purpose of an evolutionary arms race?
Answer: keep the populations of both species in equilibrium

Question: If scavengers' food becomes scarce, they may turn to what type of diet?
Answer: herbivorous
The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to the prey species, though the individuals preyed upon themselves do not benefit. This means that, at each applicable stage, predator and prey species are in an evolutionary arms race to maximize their respective abilities to obtain food or avoid being eaten. This interaction has resulted in a vast array of adaptations in both groups.

Question: At most there are how many step of predator-prey interaction?
Answer: maximum of four stages

Question: What is the first step of the predator-prey interaction?
Answer: Detection of prey

Question: How does the prey improve their evolutionary abilities through predator-prey interaction?
Answer: array of adaptations

Question: Who doesn't benefit from the predator-prey interaction?
Answer: the individuals preyed upon

Question: How many stages can predation be divided into?
Answer: maximum of four stages

Question: What are the four stages of predation?
Answer: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption

Question: What dilemma has resulted in many predatory adaptations?
Answer: obtain food or avoid being eaten

Question: In predation's four stages, in what stage is consumption?
Answer: final
Aposematism, where organisms are brightly colored as a warning to predators, is the antithesis of camouflage. Some organisms pose a threat to their predators—for example they may be poisonous, or able to harm them physically. Aposematic coloring involves bright, easily recognizable and unique colors and patterns. For example, bright coloration in Variable Checkerspot butterflies leads to decreased predation attempts by avian predators. Upon being harmed (e.g., stung) by their prey, the appearance in such an organism will be remembered as something to avoid. While that particular prey organism may be killed, the coloring benefits the prey species as a whole.

Question: What scientific term is used to describe organisms that are brightly colored as a warning to predators?
Answer: Aposematism

Question: Does aposematism benefit only the organism ddirectly, or the entire population as a whole?
Answer: species as a whole

Question: How does aposematism help a species population?
Answer: Upon being harmed (e.g., stung) by their prey, the appearance in such an organism will be remembered as something to avoid

Question: What visual cues are characteristic of aposematism?
Answer: bright, easily recognizable and unique colors and patterns
Botany, also called plant science(s) or plant biology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specializes in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek word βοτάνη (botanē) meaning "pasture", "grass", or "fodder"; βοτάνη is in turn derived from βόσκειν (boskein), "to feed" or "to graze". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists study approximately 400,000 species of living organisms of which some 260,000 species are vascular plants and about 248,000 are flowering plants.

Question: What is botany?
Answer: science of plant life

Question: What does the word botany mean?
Answer: "to feed" or "to graze"

Question: What is a plant scientist called?
Answer: A botanist

Question: Does botany only study plants?
Answer: included the study of fungi and algae
A considerable amount of new knowledge about plant function comes from studies of the molecular genetics of model plants such as the Thale cress, Arabidopsis thaliana, a weedy species in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). The genome or hereditary information contained in the genes of this species is encoded by about 135 million base pairs of DNA, forming one of the smallest genomes among flowering plants. Arabidopsis was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, in 2000. The sequencing of some other relatively small genomes, of rice (Oryza sativa) and Brachypodium distachyon, has made them important model species for understanding the genetics, cellular and molecular biology of cereals, grasses and monocots generally.

Question: What was the first plant to have its genome sequenced?
Answer: Thale cress, Arabidopsis thaliana

Question: In what year was this genome sequenced?
Answer: 2000

Question: Why was this plant chosen for sequencing?
Answer: one of the smallest genomes

Question: Why is sequencing done on plants?
Answer: understanding the genetics

Question: What results from sequencing of DNA pairs?
Answer: new knowledge about plant function
Plant anatomy is the study of the structure of plant cells and tissues, whereas plant morphology is the study of their external form. All plants are multicellular eukaryotes, their DNA stored in nuclei. The characteristic features of plant cells that distinguish them from those of animals and fungi include a primary cell wall composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin, larger vacuoles than in animal cells and the presence of plastids with unique photosynthetic and biosynthetic functions as in the chloroplasts. Other plastids contain storage products such as starch (amyloplasts) or lipids (elaioplasts). Uniquely, streptophyte cells and those of the green algal order Trentepohliales divide by construction of a phragmoplast as a template for building a cell plate late in cell division.

Question: What is the study of the inside of plants?
Answer: Plant anatomy

Question: What is the study of the outside of plants?
Answer: plant morphology

Question: How are plants different from animals?
Answer: primary cell wall composed of the polysaccharides cellulose

Question: Where do plants store their DNA?
Answer: in nuclei

Question: Are the vacuoles of plant cells larger or smaller than animal cells?
Answer: larger
The next year Madonna and Maverick sued Warner Music Group and its former parent company Time Warner, claiming that mismanagement of resources and poor bookkeeping had cost the company millions of dollars. In return, Warner filed a countersuit alleging that Maverick had lost tens of millions of dollars on its own. The dispute was resolved when the Maverick shares, owned by Madonna and Ronnie Dashev, were purchased by Warner. Madonna and Dashev's company became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Music, but Madonna was still signed to Warner under a separate recording contract.

Question: Madonna and Maverick sued which company for poor bookkeeping and mismanagement of resources?
Answer: Warner Music Group

Question: Warner filed a countersuit stating that who lost 10 of millions of dollars on its own?
Answer: Maverick

Question: Warner resolved the dispute by buying whose shares?
Answer: Madonna and Ronnie Dashev

Question: Maverick became a wholly owned subsidiary of which company?
Answer: Warner Music