lmqg/qg_squad huggingface dataset:
In 1634, the Mughal emperor extended his hospitality to the English traders to the region of Bengal, and in 1717 completely waived customs duties for the trade. The company's mainstay businesses were by then cotton, silk, indigo dye, saltpetre, and tea. The Dutch were aggressive competitors and had meanwhile expanded their monopoly of the spice trade in the Malaccan straits by ousting the Portuguese in 1640–41. With reduced Portuguese and Spanish influence in the region, the EIC and Dutch East India Company (VOC) entered a period of intense competition, resulting in the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the 17th and 18th centuries.

Question: Name the wars that was caused by the intense competition between the EIC and Dutch East India Company
Answer: Anglo-Dutch Wars of the 17th and 18th centuries

Question: what caused the Dutch to expand thier spice trade in the malaccan straits?
Answer: ousting the Portuguese in 1640–41

Question: How important were cotton, silk, indigo dye,saltpetre and tea to the company?
Answer: The company's mainstay business

Question: what year did the Mughal emperor completely wave customs duities?
Answer: 1717

Question: who did the Mughal emperor extend hospitality to?
Answer: English traders

Question: what region was made available to english traders by the Mughal emperor?
Answer: Bengal

Question: in 1717 what made the region of Bengal so appealing to English traders?
Answer: waived customs duties

Question: why type of dye was one of the East India company's main products?
Answer: indigo dye

Question: Who were the main competitors that had a monopoly of the spice trade in Malaccan?
Answer: The Dutch

Question: what wars was a result of the competitive nature of the mulitple trading companies in the 17th and 18th centuries?
Answer: Anglo-Dutch Wars
In September 1695, Captain Henry Every, an English pirate on board the Fancy, reached the Straits of Bab-el-Mandeb, where he teamed up with five other pirate captains to make an attack on the Indian fleet making the annual voyage to Mocha. The Mughal convoy included the treasure-laden Ganj-i-Sawai, reported to be the greatest in the Mughal fleet and the largest ship operational in the Indian Ocean, and its escort, the Fateh Muhammed. They were spotted passing the straits en route to Surat. The pirates gave chase and caught up with Fateh Muhammed some days later, and meeting little resistance, took some £50,000 to £60,000 worth of treasure.

Question: How much treasure was taken by pirates?
Answer: £50,000 to £60,000

Question: waht was the name of largest ship operating in the Indian ocean?
Answer: Ganj-i-Sawai,

Question: how often did the Indian fleet voyage to Mocha?
Answer: annual

Question: What type of Captain was Henry Every?
Answer: English pirate

Question: What was the name of the Pirate on board the Fancy who later teamed up with five other pirate captiains to attack the Indian Fleet?
Answer: Captain Henry Every

Question: When did Captain Henry Every attack the Indian Fleet
Answer: 1695

Question: Where was the indian Fleet headed when they were attacked by Captain Every
Answer: Mocha

Question: What was reportly the largest ship in the Mughal Convoy in the Indian Fleet?
Answer: Ganj-i-Sawai
When the news arrived in England it caused an outcry. In response, a combined bounty of £1,000 was offered for Every's capture by the Privy Council and East India Company, leading to the first worldwide manhunt in recorded history. The plunder of Aurangzeb's treasure ship had serious consequences for the English East India Company. The furious Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb ordered Sidi Yaqub and Nawab Daud Khan to attack and close four of the company's factories in India and imprison their officers, who were almost lynched by a mob of angry Mughals, blaming them for their countryman's depredations, and threatened to put an end to all English trading in India. To appease Emperor Aurangzeb and particularly his Grand Vizier Asad Khan, Parliament exempted Every from all of the Acts of Grace (pardons) and amnesties it would subsequently issue to other pirates.

Question: Who caused the first worldwide manhunt?
Answer: Every

Question: What was the total bounty offered for Captian Every after England heard that the Ganj-i-Sawai was taken
Answer: £1,000

Question: Captian Every was the focus of the first recorded worldwide.... what in history?
Answer: manhunt

Question: What was the name of the council that offered part of the bounty for Captain Every
Answer: Privy Council

Question: Who took 4 East India ship and arrested their officers as a reaction to the attack on Ganj-i-Sawai
Answer: Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb

Question: Due to the danger the Captian Every put the trading abiliy of East India Company what Act would he never qualify for that other pirate were later offered?
Answer: Acts of Grace
This allowed any English firm to trade with India, unless specifically prohibited by act of parliament, thereby annulling the charter that had been in force for almost 100 years. By an act that was passed in 1698, a new "parallel" East India Company (officially titled the English Company Trading to the East Indies) was floated under a state-backed indemnity of £2 million. The powerful stockholders of the old company quickly subscribed a sum of £315,000 in the new concern, and dominated the new body. The two companies wrestled with each other for some time, both in England and in India, for a dominant share of the trade.

Question: enlish firms were allow to trade with India unless?
Answer: prohibited by act of parliament

Question: what was the name of the second East india company that ended up runnig parallel to the first?
Answer: English Company Trading to the East Indies

Question: The two parallel East India company had a power stuggle in both England and?
Answer: India

Question: In what year was the Act passed the made a parallel East India company?
Answer: 1698

Question: The stock holder of the Original East India company rasied how much money to try and deal with the parallel East India Company?
Answer: £315,000
In the following decades there was a constant battle between the company lobby and the Parliament. The company sought a permanent establishment, while the Parliament would not willingly allow it greater autonomy and so relinquish the opportunity to exploit the company's profits. In 1712, another act renewed the status of the company, though the debts were repaid. By 1720, 15% of British imports were from India, almost all passing through the company, which reasserted the influence of the company lobby. The licence was prolonged until 1766 by yet another act in 1730.

Question: in 1720 what % of import goods were from India?
Answer: 15%

Question: Who passed the acts that effected the profits of East india company
Answer: Parliament

Question: Who argued against parliament on the trade issue that involded the East India Company
Answer: company lobby
At this time, Britain and France became bitter rivals. Frequent skirmishes between them took place for control of colonial possessions. In 1742, fearing the monetary consequences of a war, the British government agreed to extend the deadline for the licensed exclusive trade by the company in India until 1783, in return for a further loan of £1 million. Between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years' War diverted the state's attention towards consolidation and defence of its territorial possessions in Europe and its colonies in North America.

Question: The British Government agrree to extend the licensed for the company in India until 1793 for how much money
Answer: £1 million

Question: What was the big fear that brought the British government to extend the deadline for the trade license for the company?
Answer: monetary consequences of a war

Question: What was the name of the war that lasted from 1756 to 1763?
Answer: Seven Years' War

Question: The seven years' war changed the British state focus from trade to protecting europe and defending which colonies?
Answer: colonies in North America

Question: in what year did the Seven years' war
Answer: 1763
With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, Britain surged ahead of its European rivals. Demand for Indian commodities was boosted by the need to sustain the troops and the economy during the war, and by the increased availability of raw materials and efficient methods of production. As home to the revolution, Britain experienced higher standards of living. Its spiralling cycle of prosperity, demand and production had a profound influence on overseas trade. The company became the single largest player in the British global market. William Henry Pyne notes in his book The Microcosm of London (1808) that:

Question: what was the type of Revolution that allowed Britian to move ahead of its European rivals?
Answer: Industrial Revolution

Question: What was the name of William Henry Pyne book from 1808?
Answer: The Microcosm of London

Question: What became the largest player in the British global market according to William Henry Pyne?
Answer: The company

Question: What country was the home to the Industrial Revolution?
Answer: Britain

Question: The industrial revoluntion gave raise to the access to what type of material?
Answer: raw
Outstanding debts were also agreed and the company permitted to export 250 tons of saltpetre. Again in 1673, Banks successfully negotiated another contract for 700 tons of saltpetre at £37,000 between the king and the company. So urgent was the need to supply the armed forces in the United Kingdom, America and elsewhere that the authorities sometimes turned a blind eye on the untaxed sales. One governor of the company was even reported as saying in 1864 that he would rather have the saltpetre made than the tax on salt.

Question: Due to agreed debt what 250 tons product was first permitted to be exported by the company after the seven years' war?
Answer: saltpetre

Question: in what year did Banks negotiate between the king and the East india company for 700 tons of saltpetre?
Answer: 1673

Question: Saltpetre was used for what people, specifically the need for this product had people overlooking untaxed sales?
Answer: armed forces

Question: One of the governor of the company said that he would rather have saltpetre then____ in its raw form?
Answer: salt

Question: how much did 700 tons of saltpetre go for in the contract negotiated by Banks in 1673
Answer: £37,000
By the Treaty of Paris (1763), France regained the five establishments captured by the British during the war (Pondichéry, Mahe, Karikal, Yanam and Chandernagar) but was prevented from erecting fortifications and keeping troops in Bengal (art. XI). Elsewhere in India, the French were to remain a military threat, particularly during the War of American Independence, and up to the capture of Pondichéry in 1793 at the outset of the French Revolutionary Wars without any military presence. Although these small outposts remained French possessions for the next two hundred years, French ambitions on Indian territories were effectively laid to rest, thus eliminating a major source of economic competition for the company.

Question: what year was the Treaty of Paris agreed on?
Answer: 1763

Question: The treaty of Paris return how many esablishment captured by the British?
Answer: five

Question: The Treaty of Paris prevented France from keeping troops in what location?
Answer: Bengal

Question: in 1793 what war was the french involded in even without a big military presences?
Answer: French Revolutionary Wars
In its first century and half, the EIC used a few hundred soldiers as guards. The great expansion came after 1750, when it had 3000 regular troops. By 1763, it had 26,000; by 1778, it had 67,000. It recruited largely Indian troops, and trained them along European lines. The company, fresh from a colossal victory, and with the backing of its own private well-disciplined and experienced army, was able to assert its interests in the Carnatic region from its base at Madras and in Bengal from Calcutta, without facing any further obstacles from other colonial powers.

Question: what is the acronym for the East india company?
Answer: EIC

Question: In 1750 how many regular troops did the EIC have?
Answer: 3000

Question: in 1778 most of the troops that the EIC had were from where?
Answer: Indian

Question: what year did the EIC have 26,000 troops in their employ
Answer: 1763
With the gradual weakening of the Marathas in the aftermath of the three Anglo-Maratha wars, the British also secured the Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat, the fort of Ahmmadnagar, province of Cuttack (which included Mughalbandi/the coastal part of Odisha, Garjat/the princely states of Odisha, Balasore Port, parts of Midnapore district of West Bengal), Bombay (Mumbai) and the surrounding areas, leading to a formal end of the Maratha empire and firm establishment of the British East India Company in India.

Question: how many Anglo Maratha wars were there?
Answer: three

Question: What empire ended after the three Anglo- Maratha wars?
Answer: Maratha empire

Question: With the formal end of Maratha Empire the EIC created a firm hold on what country?
Answer: India

Question: Was the Maratha Empire ended quick or gradual?
Answer: gradual

Question: what country took over the fort of Ahmmadnagar that then became part of the cause for the Maratha Emprie to end?
Answer: British
Within the Army, British officers who initially trained at the company's own academy at the Addiscombe Military Seminary, always outranked Indians, no matter how long their service. The highest rank to which an Indian soldier could aspire was Subadar-Major (or Rissaldar-Major in cavalry units), effectively a senior subaltern equivalent. Promotion for both British and Indian soldiers was strictly by seniority, so Indian soldiers rarely reached the commissioned ranks of Jamadar or Subadar before they were middle aged at best. They received no training in administration or leadership to make them independent of their British officers.

Question: What was the name of EIC military company?
Answer: Addiscombe Military Seminary

Question: what was the highest rank an Indian could be in the EIC army
Answer: Subadar-Major

Question: While in EIC army the British officer outrank the indian officer they both promoted based on?
Answer: seniority
In 1838 with the amount of smuggled opium entering China approaching 1,400 tons a year, the Chinese imposed a death penalty for opium smuggling and sent a Special Imperial Commissioner, Lin Zexu, to curb smuggling. This resulted in the First Opium War (1839–42). After the war Hong Kong island was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Nanking and the Chinese market opened to the opium traders of Britain and other nations. The Jardines and Apcar and Company dominated the trade, although P&O also tried to take a share. A Second Opium War fought by Britain and France against China lasted from 1856 until 1860 and led to the Treaty of Tientsin, which legalised the importation of opium. Legalisation stimulated domestic Chinese opium production and increased the importation of opium from Turkey and Persia. This increased competition for the Chinese market led to India reducing its opium output and diversifying its exports.

Question: in 1838 what was the sentence for smuggling opium in to China?
Answer: death penalty

Question: in 1838 about how many tone of Opium was smuggled in to China per year?
Answer: 1,400 tons

Question: what was the title of the person people were sent to if they were caught smuggling Opium in to China?
Answer: Special Imperial Commissioner

Question: when did the first Opium war start?
Answer: 1839

Question: Britian faught side by side with what country in the second Opium war?
Answer: France
Despite stiff resistance from the East India lobby in parliament and from the Company's shareholders, the Act passed. It introduced substantial governmental control and allowed British India to be formally under the control of the Crown, but leased back to the Company at £40,000 for two years. Under the Act's most important provision, a governing Council composed of five members was created in Calcutta. The three members nominated by Parliament and representing the Government's interest could, and invariably would, outvote the two Company members. The Council was headed by Warren Hastings, the incumbent Governor, who became the first Governor-General of Bengal, with an ill-defined authority over the Bombay and Madras Presidencies. His nomination, made by the Court of Directors, would in future be subject to the approval of a Council of Four appointed by the Crown. Initially, the Council consisted of Lt. General Sir John Clavering, The Honourable Sir George Monson, Sir Richard Barwell, and Sir Philip Francis.

Question: EIC was leased back the land they held in British India by what part of the British goverment?
Answer: Parliament

Question: How much did the parliament lease British india for to EIC (the lease was for two years)?
Answer: £40,000

Question: The British Government created a how many man council in Calcutta?
Answer: five

Question: How many council member weres allow to be from the EIC?
Answer: two

Question: By having 3 members on the council in Calcutta from the British Government they were always able to ____ the two EIC members?
Answer: outvote
Hastings was entrusted with the power of peace and war. British judges and magistrates would also be sent to India to administer the legal system. The Governor General and the council would have complete legislative powers. The company was allowed to maintain its virtual monopoly over trade in exchange for the biennial sum and was obligated to export a minimum quantity of goods yearly to Britain. The costs of administration were to be met by the company. The Company initially welcomed these provisions, but the annual burden of the payment contributed to the steady decline of its finances.

Question: in British indian a jugde had to come from where to oversee the legal system?
Answer: British

Question: The highest ranking persons title in British india is?
Answer: The Governor General

Question: The highest ranking person's title in British india is?
Answer: Governor General

Question: Did EIC have a monopoly over the governement or trade in british india
Answer: trade

Question: Other then money what did it cost the EIC to have the control in trade the had in British India
Answer: export a minimum quantity of goods yearly to Britain
Pitt's Act was deemed a failure because it quickly became apparent that the boundaries between government control and the company's powers were nebulous and highly subjective. The government felt obliged to respond to humanitarian calls for better treatment of local peoples in British-occupied territories. Edmund Burke, a former East India Company shareholder and diplomat, was moved to address the situation and introduced a new Regulating Bill in 1783. The bill was defeated amid lobbying by company loyalists and accusations of nepotism in the bill's recommendations for the appointment of councillors.

Question: The name of the Act that was a failure in creating bourdaries for the Crown and the EIC for being subjective?
Answer: Pitt's Act

Question: after the Pitt act the Crown began to focus more on _______ efforts of its people in it territories?
Answer: humanitarian

Question: what was the name of the person who was once a large shareholder in EIC and talk to the issues with with the new Regulating bill in 1793?
Answer: Edmund Burke

Question: Was the new Regulating Bill of 1793 passed or defeated?
Answer: defeated
This Act clearly demarcated borders between the Crown and the Company. After this point, the Company functioned as a regularised subsidiary of the Crown, with greater accountability for its actions and reached a stable stage of expansion and consolidation. Having temporarily achieved a state of truce with the Crown, the Company continued to expand its influence to nearby territories through threats and coercive actions. By the middle of the 19th century, the Company's rule extended across most of India, Burma, Malaya, Singapore, and British Hong Kong, and a fifth of the world's population was under its trading influence. In addition, Penang, one of the states in Malaya, became the fourth most important settlement, a presidency, of the Company's Indian territories.

Question: by the middle of the 19th century how much of the worlds population was effected by EIC and it trade?
Answer: fifth

Question: To EIC in Malaya what state was the forth most improtant settlement?
Answer: Penang

Question: during this time the relationship change between Britian and the EIC. the EIC became more of a what to the crown??
Answer: regularised subsidiary

Question: when EIC become more like a regularised subsidiary did they have greater or less accountability to the Crown
Answer: greater accountability
The aggressive policies of Lord Wellesley and the Marquis of Hastings led to the Company gaining control of all India (except for the Punjab and Sindh), and some part of the then kingdom of Nepal under the Sugauli Treaty. The Indian Princes had become vassals of the Company. But the expense of wars leading to the total control of India strained the Company's finances. The Company was forced to petition Parliament for assistance. This was the background to the Charter Act of 1813 which, among other things:

Question: What Lord helped the EIC through his politics, take control over all of india?
Answer: Lord Wellesley

Question: in the past the deals under the crown strained the finances of EIC now as they expained throughout India what was the biggest strain on their finances
Answer: the expense of wars

Question: what treaty allowed the Eic in to the then kingdom of nepal?
Answer: Sugauli Treaty

Question: While the EIc took over all of India there were, two exception the first being Punjab, what was the Second?
Answer: Sindh

Question: EIC reached out to parliament for help with finances. this lead to which Act?
Answer: Charter Act of 1813
The Company's headquarters in London, from which much of India was governed, was East India House in Leadenhall Street. After occupying premises in Philpot Lane from 1600 to 1621; in Crosby House, Bishopsgate, from 1621 to 1638; and in Leadenhall Street from 1638 to 1648, the Company moved into Craven House, an Elizabethan mansion in Leadenhall Street. The building had become known as East India House by 1661. It was completely rebuilt and enlarged in 1726–9; and further significantly remodelled and expanded in 1796–1800. It was finally vacated in 1860 and demolished in 1861–62. The site is now occupied by the Lloyd's building.

Question: Where were the EIC headquarters located?
Answer: London

Question: What was the name of EIC headquartes?
Answer: East India House

Question: between 1638 and 1648 what street was EIC headquarters on?
Answer: Leadenhall Street

Question: Where was the EIC headquarters moved to after 1648?
Answer: Craven House

Question: What building now sits where the EIC headquarters last sat?
Answer: the Lloyd's building
In 1803, an Act of Parliament, promoted by the East India Company, established the East India Dock Company, with the aim of establishing a new set of docks (the East India Docks) primarily for the use of ships trading with India. The existing Brunswick Dock, part of the Blackwall Yard site, became the Export Dock; while a new Import Dock was built to the north. In 1838 the East India Dock Company merged with the West India Dock Company. The docks were taken over by the Port of London Authority in 1909, and closed in 1967.

Question: in 1803 was act of parliament supported by EIC?
Answer: promoted by the East India Company

Question: the 1803 act created what dock program?
Answer: East India Dock Company

Question: The goal of the East in dock company was first what?
Answer: aim of establishing a new set of docks (the East India Docks) primarily for the use of ships trading with India

Question: What was the name of the export dock of the EIC after the 1803 act?
Answer: Brunswick Dock

Question: in 1838 what company did the East india dock company merge with?
Answer: West India Dock Company