lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
During Andrés López Obrador's administration a political slogan was introduced: la Ciudad de la Esperanza ("The City of Hope"). This motto was quickly adopted as a city nickname, but has faded since the new motto Capital en Movimiento ("Capital in Movement") was adopted by the administration headed by Marcelo Ebrard, though the latter is not treated as often as a nickname in media. Since 2013, to refer to the City particularly in relation to government campaigns, the abbreviation CDMX has been used (from Ciudad de México).

question: Who termed the slogan "la Ciudad de la Esperanza?", answer: Andrés López Obrador | question: What is the nickname of the city that the government is trying to push now?, answer: Capital en Movimiento | question: How is the city commonly abbreviated?, answer: CDMX | question: When did the abbreviation CDMX begin to take hold?, answer: 2013 | question: Who more recently tried to change the nickname of Mexico city?, answer: Marcelo Ebrard
During April, Fourteenth Army advanced 300 miles (480 km) south towards Rangoon, the capital and principal port of Burma, but was delayed by Japanese rearguards 40 miles (64 km) north of Rangoon at the end of the month. Slim feared that the Japanese would defend Rangoon house-to-house during the monsoon, placing his army in a disastrous supply situation, and in March he had asked that a plan to capture Rangoon by an amphibious force, Operation Dracula, which had been abandoned earlier, be reinstated. Dracula was launched on 1 May, but Rangoon was found to have been abandoned. The troops which occupied Rangoon linked up with Fourteenth Army five days later, securing the Allies' lines of communication.

question: What was the capital of Burma?, answer: Rangoon | question: What was the principle port of Burma?, answer: Rangoon | question: When was Operation Dracula launched?, answer: 1 May | question: What force was delayed by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon?, answer: Fourteenth Army | question: What month was a delay caused by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon?, answer: April
During August and September 2004, there was an intense focus on events that occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Bush was accused of failing to fulfill his required service in the Texas Air National Guard. However, the focus quickly shifted to the conduct of CBS News after they aired a segment on 60 Minutes Wednesday introducing what became known as the Killian documents. Serious doubts about the documents' authenticity quickly emerged, leading CBS to appoint a review panel that eventually resulted in the firing of the news producer and other significant staffing changes.

question: Who was accused on not fulfilling their military service, during the fall of 2004?, answer: Bush | question: What shifted attention away from the coverage regarding Bush's controvery regarding his required service?, answer: a segment on 60 Minutes | question: Which news agency came under review resulting in the firing of their producer?, answer: CBS News | question: Which time period came into the spotlight, during the fall of 2004?, answer: the late 1960s and early 1970s | question: What did the documents that were aired during the 60 Minutes segment come to be known as?, answer: Killian documents
During British rule, Secunderabad became a well-known sporting centre and many race courses, parade grounds and polo fields were built.:18 Many elite clubs formed by the Nizams and the British such as the Secunderabad Club, the Nizam Club and the Hyderabad Race Club, which is known for its horse racing especially the annual Deccan derby, still exist. In more recent times, motorsports has become popular with the Andhra Pradesh Motor Sports Club organising popular events such as the Deccan ¼ Mile Drag, TSD Rallies and 4x4 off-road rallying.

question: At what time was Secunderabad an important sport center?, answer: During British rule | question: What type of racing is the Hyderabad Race Club popular for?, answer: horse racing | question: What organization holds the TSD Rally?, answer: Andhra Pradesh Motor Sports Club | question: Under whom did the Secunderabad Club and the Nizam Club form?, answer: the Nizams and the British | question: Which annual derby is held at the Hyderabad Race Club?, answer: Deccan derby
During George's reign the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated. The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country's constitution on the day of his accession. From 1939, the Empire and Commonwealth, except Ireland, was at war with Nazi Germany. War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941, respectively. Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined. After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, George remained as king of both countries, but the title Emperor of India was abandoned in June 1948. Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year. George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth. He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign. His elder daughter, Elizabeth, succeeded him.

question: For which country did George VI stop using the title Emperor but continue to use the title of King?, answer: India | question: In what month and year did George VI discontinue using the title Emperor of India?, answer: June 1948 | question: In 1949 what country solely proclaimed independence from the Commonwealth?, answer: Ireland | question: What Child of George VI ascended the throne?, answer: Elizabeth | question: What was the name used after the dissolution of the British Empire?, answer: Commonwealth of Nations | question: What year was Britain and allies victorious in the war?, answer: 1945 | question: When did India and Pakistan gain independence?, answer: 1947 | question: What title did George have in India prior to 1948?, answer: Emperor of India | question: What did Ireland declare itself in 1950?, answer: republic
During Hayek's years at the University of Vienna, Carl Menger's work on the explanatory strategy of social science and Friedrich von Wieser's commanding presence in the classroom left a lasting influence on him. Upon the completion of his examinations, Hayek was hired by Ludwig von Mises on the recommendation of Wieser as a specialist for the Austrian government working on the legal and economic details of the Treaty of Saint Germain. Between 1923 and 1924 Hayek worked as a research assistant to Prof. Jeremiah Jenks of New York University, compiling macroeconomic data on the American economy and the operations of the US Federal Reserve.

question: What work did Hayek begin in 1923?, answer: research assistant | question: Where did Carl Menger and Friedrich von Wieser influence Hayek?, answer: University of Vienna | question: For whom did Hayek work upon being hired by Ludwig von Mises?, answer: the Austrian government | question: What was Hayek gathering during his time as a research assistant?, answer: macroeconomic data | question: What was the name of the professor Hayek worked for as a research assistant?, answer: Jeremiah Jenks
During John's early years, Henry attempted to resolve the question of his succession. Henry the Young King had been crowned King of England in 1170, but was not given any formal powers by his father; he was also promised Normandy and Anjou as part of his future inheritance. Richard was to be appointed the Count of Poitou with control of Aquitaine, whilst Geoffrey was to become the Duke of Brittany. At this time it seemed unlikely that John would ever inherit substantial lands, and he was jokingly nicknamed "Lackland" by his father.

question: When was Henry crowned King of England?, answer: 1170 | question: What was Henry promised as part of his future inheritance?, answer: Normandy and Anjou | question: Who became the Duke of Brittany?, answer: Geoffrey | question: What was John's nickname?, answer: Lackland
During McMahon's period in office, Neville Bonner joined the Senate and became the first Indigenous Australian in the Australian Parliament. Bonner was chosen by the Liberal Party to fill a Senate vacancy in 1971 and celebrated his maiden parliamentary speech with a boomerang throwing display on the lawns of Parliament. Bonner went on to win election at the 1972 election and served as a Liberal Senator for 12 years. He worked on Indigenous and social welfare issues and proved an independent minded Senator, often crossing the floor on Parliamentary votes.

question: Who became the first indigenous Austrailian in Parliament?, answer: Neville Bonner | question: How long did Bonner serve as a Liberal Senator?, answer: 12 years | question: How was Bonner appointed his position?, answer: chosen by the Liberal Party to fill a Senate vacancy in 1971
During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.

question: What type of political parties came about when Mubarek was president?, answer: Nasserist | question: What was the first Nasserist political party?, answer: Arab Democratic Nasserist Party | question: What party came in third in the 2013 election?, answer: Sabahi | question: What consolated party was formed from several Nasserist groups?, answer: United Nasserist Party
During Mubarak's reign, the political scene was dominated by the National Democratic Party, which was created by Sadat in 1978. It passed the 1993 Syndicates Law, 1995 Press Law, and 1999 Nongovernmental Associations Law which hampered freedoms of association and expression by imposing new regulations and draconian penalties on violations.[citation needed] As a result, by the late 1990s parliamentary politics had become virtually irrelevant and alternative avenues for political expression were curtailed as well.

question: What group dominated the political scene when Mubarak was in power?, answer: National Democratic Party, | question: What laws created in 1990s impacted culture?, answer: 1993 Syndicates Law, 1995 Press Law, and 1999 Nongovernmental Associations Law | question: When did parliamentary politics become irrelevant in Egypt?, answer: late 1990s
During Reconstruction, freedmen and former free people of color were granted the right to vote; most joined the Republican Party. Numerous African Americans were elected to local offices, and some to state office. Following Reconstruction, Tennessee continued to have competitive party politics. But in the 1880s, the white-dominated state government passed four laws, the last of which imposed a poll tax requirement for voter registration. These served to disenfranchise most African Americans, and their power in the Republican Party, the state, and cities where they had significant population was markedly reduced. In 1900 African Americans comprised 23.8 percent of the state's population, concentrated in Middle and West Tennessee. In the early 1900s, the state legislature approved a form of commission government for cities based on at-large voting for a few positions on a Board of Commission; several adopted this as another means to limit African-American political participation. In 1913 the state legislature enacted a bill enabling cities to adopt this structure without legislative approval.

question: Which party did most former slaves join when they were given the right to vote after the Civil War?, answer: Republican | question: In which decade did the Tennessee legislature institute a poll tax?, answer: 1880s | question: Which party declined in Tennessee politics following voting reform legislation during Reconstruction?, answer: Republican | question: What percentage of the Tennessee population was African-American in 1900?, answer: 23.8 | question: In 1913, the Tennessee state legislature made which organizational structure the default form of city government in the state?, answer: Board of Commission
During Soviet rule, Armenian athletes rose to prominence winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Olympic history was by Hrant Shahinyan, who won two golds and two silvers in gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. In football, their most successful team was Yerevan's FC Ararat, which had claimed most of the Soviet championships in the 70s and had also gone to post victories against professional clubs like FC Bayern Munich in the Euro cup.

question: When did Armenia begin winning Olympic medals?, answer: 1952 | question: Where were the 1952 Olympics held?, answer: Helsinki | question: Which Armenian football team was the most successful?, answer: Yerevan's FC Ararat | question: Who won Armenia's first Olympic medal?, answer: Hrant Shahinyan | question: What pro team has FC Ararat beaten?, answer: FC Bayern Munich
During Vatican II, the Council Fathers avoided statements which might anger Christians of other faiths.[page needed] Cardinal Augustin Bea, the President of the Christian Unity Secretariat, always had the full support of Paul VI in his attempts to ensure that the Council language was friendly and open to the sensitivities of Protestant and Orthodox Churches, whom he had invited to all sessions at the request of Pope John XXIII. Bea also was strongly involved in the passage of Nostra aetate, which regulates the Church's relations with the Jewish faith and members of other religions.[d]

question: Who was President of the Christian Unity Secretariat?, answer: Cardinal Augustin Bea | question: What did Paul VI believe in keeping friendly to people of other Christian faiths?, answer: Council language | question: Who insisted that Protestant and Orthodox Christians be invited to all Counsel meetings?, answer: Pope John XXIII | question: Which cardinal became heavily engaged in the passage of Nostra aetate?, answer: Cardinal Augustin Bea | question: Which Vatican strove to avoid offending other Christian faiths with counsel session language?, answer: Vatican II
During Victoria's first pregnancy in 1840, in the first few months of the marriage, 18-year-old Edward Oxford attempted to assassinate her while she was riding in a carriage with Prince Albert on her way to visit her mother. Oxford fired twice, but either both bullets missed or, as he later claimed, the guns had no shot. He was tried for high treason and found guilty, but was acquitted on the grounds of insanity. In the immediate aftermath of the attack, Victoria's popularity soared, mitigating residual discontent over the Hastings affair and the bedchamber crisis. Her daughter, also named Victoria, was born on 21 November 1840. The Queen hated being pregnant, viewed breast-feeding with disgust, and thought newborn babies were ugly. Nevertheless, over the following seventeen years, she and Albert had a further eight children: Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (b. 1841), Alice (b. 1843), Alfred (b. 1844), Helena (b. 1846), Louise (b. 1848), Arthur (b. 1850), Leopold (b. 1853) and Beatrice (b. 1857).

question: What year was Queen Victorias first pregnancy?, answer: 1840 | question: Who attempted to assasinate Victoria while she was riding in a carriage?, answer: Edward Oxford | question: How old was Edward Oxford?, answer: 18 | question: Who was riding in the carriage with Victoria when Oxford attempted to assasinate her?, answer: Prince Albert | question: How many times did Oxford fire the gun at Victoria and miss?, answer: twice | question: Who tried to assassinate Queen Victoria while she was pregnant with her first child?, answer: Edward Oxford | question: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert had how many more children after Victoria's birth?, answer: eight | question: When was Queen Victoria's first daughter born?, answer: 21 November 1840 | question: What year was Albert Edward, Queen Victoria's first born son born?, answer: 1841 | question: What major life event was Victoria facing when she also had to contend with her first assassination attempt?, answer: first pregnancy | question: When was Victoria's first assassination attempt?, answer: 1840 | question: What did the first assassination attempt do for Victoria's reign?, answer: popularity soared | question: What was Edward Oxford charged with after his assassination attempt?, answer: high treason | question: What happened to Edward Oxford to after he was found guilty of high treason?, answer: acquitted on the grounds of insanity
During World War I, the palace, then the home of King George V and Queen Mary, escaped unscathed. Its more valuable contents were evacuated to Windsor but the royal family remained in situ. The King imposed rationing at the palace, much to the dismay of his guests and household. To the King's later regret, David Lloyd George persuaded him to go further by ostentatiously locking the wine cellars and refraining from alcohol, to set a good example to the supposedly inebriated working class. The workers continued to imbibe and the King was left unhappy at his enforced abstinence. In 1938, the north-west pavilion, designed by Nash as a conservatory, was converted into a swimming pool.

question: Who lived at Buckingham Palace during WWI?, answer: King George V and Queen Mary | question: Where were valuable items from Buckingham Palace taken during WWI?, answer: Windsor | question: The king refrained from doing what during the war?, answer: alcohol | question: In what year was the north-west pavilion turned into a swimming pool?, answer: 1938 | question: Who persuaded the king to lock the wine cellars during WWI?, answer: David Lloyd George | question: Buckingham Palace was untouched during which war?, answer: World War I | question: Where were valuables evacuated to during the war?, answer: Windsor | question: What did the King give up during the war?, answer: alcohol | question: Who convinced the king to lock the wine cellars?, answer: David Lloyd George | question: What was the north-west pavilion converted into in 1938?, answer: swimming pool
During World War II he worked on the Manhattan Project with J. Robert Oppenheimer and Edward Teller, developing the mathematical models behind the explosive lenses used in the implosion-type nuclear weapon. After the war, he served on the General Advisory Committee of the United States Atomic Energy Commission, and later as one of its commissioners. He was a consultant to a number of organizations, including the United States Air Force, the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Along with theoretical physicist Edward Teller, mathematician Stanislaw Ulam, and others, he worked out key steps in the nuclear physics involved in thermonuclear reactions and the hydrogen bomb.

question: With whom did Von Neumann work on the Manhattan Project?, answer: J. Robert Oppenheimer and Edward Teller | question: Post World War II, in what role did Von Neumann work?, answer: General Advisory Committee of the United States Atomic Energy Commission | question: For what organizations was Von Neumann a consultant after World War II?, answer: United States Air Force, the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory | question: What keys steps did Von Neumann work out that contributed to weapons of war?, answer: key steps in the nuclear physics involved in thermonuclear reactions and the hydrogen bomb
During World War II, Hayek began the ‘Abuse of Reason’ project. His goal was to show how a number of then-popular doctrines and beliefs had a common origin in some fundamental misconceptions about the social science. In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good friend Karl Popper, Hayek was highly critical of what he termed scientism: a false understanding of the methods of science that has been mistakenly forced upon the social sciences, but that is contrary to the practices of genuine science. Usually, scientism involves combining the philosophers' ancient demand for demonstrative justification with the associationists' false view that all scientific explanations are simple two-variable linear relationships.

question: When did Hayek start working on Abuse of Reason?, answer: During World War II | question: What did Hayek specifically aim to expose in Abuse of Reason?, answer: fundamental misconceptions about the social science | question: Whose beliefs in scientific philosophy were similar to Hayek's?, answer: Karl Popper | question: What did Hayek use to refer to the spread of ignorance and misunderstanding within the social sciences?, answer: scientism | question: In scientism, it is typically believed that explanations in science are what?, answer: simple two-variable linear relationships
During World War II, Hitler's Generalplan Ost (general plan for the East) entailed killing, deporting, or enslaving the Slavic and Jewish population of occupied Eastern Europe to create Lebensraum (living space) for German settlers. The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost would have led to the starvation of 80 million people in the Soviet Union. These partially fulfilled plans resulted in the deaths of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war.

question: Whose plan for the East entailed killing, deporting, or enslaving the Slavs?, answer: Hitler's | question: What would have led to the starvation of 80 million people in the Soviet Union?, answer: The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost | question: The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost resulted in the death and imprisonment of how many people?, answer: 19.3 million civilians | question: What is the German word for living space?, answer: Lebensraum
During World War II, Imperial Japan invaded most of the former western colonies. The Shōwa occupation regime committed violent actions against civilians such as the Manila massacre and the implementation of a system of forced labour, such as the one involving 4 to 10 million romusha in Indonesia. A later UN report stated that four million people died in Indonesia as a result of famine and forced labour during the Japanese occupation. The Allied powers who defeated Japan in the South-East Asian theatre of World War II then contended with nationalists to whom the occupation authorities had granted independence.

question: The western colonies were invaded by whom during World War II?, answer: Imperial Japan | question: According to the UN report, what was the count of people who perished due to famine?, answer: 4 to 10 million | question: What violent acts did the Showa regime commit?, answer: Manila massacre and the implementation of a system of forced labour | question: Who defeated Japan during the World War II?, answer: The Allied powers