lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Eight days later, on February 28, 1969, came the events for which Kerry was awarded his Silver Star Medal. On this occasion, Kerry was in tactical command of his Swift boat and two other Swift boats during a combat operation. Their mission on the Duong Keo River included bringing an underwater demolition team and dozens of South Vietnamese Marines to destroy enemy sampans, structures and bunkers as described in the story The Death Of PCF 43. Running into heavy small arms fire from the river banks, Kerry "directed the units to turn to the beach and charge the Viet Cong positions" and he "expertly directed" his boat's fire causing the enemy to flee while at the same time coordinating the insertion of the ninety South Vietnamese troops (according to the original medal citation signed by Admiral Zumwalt). Moving a short distance upstream, Kerry's boat was the target of a B-40 rocket round; Kerry charged the enemy positions and as his boat hove to and beached, a Viet Cong ("VC") insurgent armed with a rocket launcher emerged from a spider hole and ran. While the boat's gunner opened fire, wounding the VC in the leg, and while the other boats approached and offered cover fire, Kerry jumped from the boat to pursue the VC insurgent, subsequently killing him and capturing his loaded rocket launcher.

question: When did Kerry earn a Silver Star?, answer: February 28, 1969 | question: Where did Kerry earn a Silver Star?, answer: the Duong Keo River | question: How many swift boats did Kerry command?, answer: his Swift boat and two other Swift boats | question: Who awarded the Silver Star to Kerry?, answer: Admiral Zumwalt | question: What story described the events of Feb 28, 1969?, answer: The Death Of PCF 43
Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains or hills, making the country one of the most mountainous in Europe. Mount Olympus, the mythical abode of the Greek Gods, culminates at Mytikas peak 2,918 metres (9,573 ft), the highest in the country. Western Greece contains a number of lakes and wetlands and is dominated by the Pindus mountain range. The Pindus, a continuation of the Dinaric Alps, reaches a maximum elevation of 2,637 m (8,652 ft) at Mt. Smolikas (the second-highest in Greece) and historically has been a significant barrier to east-west travel.

question: How tall is Mount Olympus?, answer: 9,573 ft | question: The tallest mountain in the Pindus range is what?, answer: Mt. Smolikas | question: How tall is Mt. Smolikas?, answer: 8,652 ft
Einstein partially advocates Mach's principle in that distant stars explain inertia because they provide the gravitational field against which acceleration and inertia occur. But contrary to Leibniz's account, this warped space-time is as integral a part of an object as are its other defining characteristics, such as volume and mass. If one holds, contrary to idealist beliefs, that objects exist independently of the mind, it seems that relativistics commits them to also hold that space and temporality have exactly the same type of independent existence.

question: How does Einstein advocate Mach's principle?, answer: partially | question: How Einstein's theory compared to Leibniz's?, answer: contrary | question: What is considered contrary to idealist beliefs in regards to space?, answer: objects exist independently of the mind
Einstein showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on cause and effect, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human experience, the effect becomes much more pronounced for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light. Many subatomic particles exist for only a fixed fraction of a second in a lab relatively at rest, but some that travel close to the speed of light can be measured to travel farther and survive much longer than expected (a muon is one example). According to the special theory of relativity, in the high-speed particle's frame of reference, it exists, on the average, for a standard amount of time known as its mean lifetime, and the distance it travels in that time is zero, because its velocity is zero. Relative to a frame of reference at rest, time seems to "slow down" for the particle. Relative to the high-speed particle, distances seem to shorten. Einstein showed how both temporal and spatial dimensions can be altered (or "warped") by high-speed motion.

question: Who showed, in his thought experiments, that people travelling at different speeds measured time differently?, answer: Einstein | question: In what case do these effects become much more noticeable?, answer: for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light. | question: How long do most subatomic particles exist for in a lab?, answer: a fixed fraction of a second | question: Einstein showed how what could be altered by high speed motion?, answer: both temporal and spatial dimensions
Eisenhower attended Abilene High School and graduated with the class of 1909. As a freshman, he injured his knee and developed a leg infection that extended into his groin, and which his doctor diagnosed as life-threatening. The doctor insisted that the leg be amputated but Dwight refused to allow it, and miraculously recovered, though he had to repeat his freshman year. He and brother Edgar both wanted to attend college, though they lacked the funds. They made a pact to take alternate years at college while the other worked to earn the tuitions.

question: In what year did Eisenhower graduate from high school?, answer: 1909 | question: What high school did Eisenhower go to?, answer: Abilene | question: What was the name of Eisenhower's brother?, answer: Edgar | question: In what year of high school did Eisenhower suffer a groin infection?, answer: freshman | question: What high school year did Eisenhower have to repeat?, answer: freshman
Eisenhower began smoking cigarettes at West Point, often two or three packs a day. Eisenhower stated that he "gave [himself] an order" to stop cold turkey in March 1949 while at Columbia. He was probably the first president to release information about his health and medical records while in office. On September 24, 1955, while vacationing in Colorado, he had a serious heart attack that required six weeks' hospitalization, during which time Nixon, Dulles, and Sherman Adams assumed administrative duties and provided communication with the President. He was treated by Dr. Paul Dudley White, a cardiologist with a national reputation, who regularly informed the press of the President's progress. Instead of eliminating him as a candidate for a second term as President, his physician recommended a second term as essential to his recovery.

question: Where did Eisenhower pick up the habit of smoking?, answer: West Point | question: How many cigarettes did Eisenhower smoke daily at West Point?, answer: two or three packs | question: When did Eisenhower stop smoking completely?, answer: March 1949 | question: Who was Eisenhower's employer when he gave up smoking?, answer: Columbia | question: Who was the cardiologist who treated Eisenhower after his heart attack?, answer: Paul Dudley White
Eisenhower did provide France with bombers and non-combat personnel. After a few months with no success by the French, he added other aircraft to drop napalm for clearing purposes. Further requests for assistance from the French were agreed to but only on conditions Eisenhower knew were impossible to meet – allied participation and congressional approval. When the French fortress of Dien Bien Phu fell to the Vietnamese Communists in May 1954, Eisenhower refused to intervene despite urgings from the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, the Vice President and the head of NCS.

question: Aside from bombers, what aid did Eisenhower provide to the French?, answer: non-combat personnel | question: What did American bombers drop on Vietnam?, answer: napalm | question: When did Dien Bien Phu fall to the communists?, answer: May 1954 | question: Along with the Vice President and NCS head, who urged Eisenhower to intervene after the fall of Dien Bien Phu?, answer: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs | question: What arguably impossible conditions did Eisenhower set for further intervention on behalf of the French?, answer: allied participation and congressional approval
Eisenhower responded to the French defeat with the formation of the SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization) Alliance with the U.K., France, New Zealand and Australia in defense of Vietnam against communism. At that time the French and Chinese reconvened Geneva peace talks; Eisenhower agreed the U.S. would participate only as an observer. After France and the Communists agreed to a partition of Vietnam, Eisenhower rejected the agreement, offering military and economic aid to southern Vietnam. Ambrose argues that Eisenhower, by not participating in the Geneva agreement, had kept the U.S out of Vietnam; nevertheless, with the formation of SEATO, he had in the end put the U.S. back into the conflict.

question: What is SEATO?, answer: Southeast Asia Treaty Organization | question: Along with the United States, the United Kingdom and France, who formed SEATO?, answer: New Zealand and Australia | question: What was the purpose of SEATO?, answer: defense of Vietnam against communism | question: What group did France split Vietnam with?, answer: Communists | question: Who met in peace talks with France at Geneva?, answer: Chinese
Eisenhower retired to the place where he and Mamie had spent much of their post-war time, a working farm adjacent to the battlefield at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, only 70 miles from his ancestral home in Elizabethville, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania. In 1967 the Eisenhowers donated the farm to the National Park Service. In retirement, the former president did not completely retreat from political life; he spoke at the 1964 Republican National Convention and appeared with Barry Goldwater in a Republican campaign commercial from Gettysburg. However, his endorsement came somewhat reluctantly because Goldwater had attacked the former president as "a dime-store New Dealer".

question: What town did Eisenhower retire to after his presidency?, answer: Gettysburg | question: What Pennsylvania county did Eisenhower grow up in?, answer: Dauphin | question: Who did Eisenhower donate his farm to in 1967?, answer: National Park Service | question: What did Barry Goldwater call Eisenhower?, answer: dime-store New Dealer | question: Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 1964?, answer: Barry Goldwater
Eisenhower returned to the U.S. in December 1939 and was assigned as a battalion commander and regimental executive officer of the 15th Infantry at Fort Lewis, Washington. In March 1941 he was promoted to colonel and assigned as chief of staff of the newly activated IX Corps under Major General Kenyon Joyce. In June 1941, he was appointed Chief of Staff to General Walter Krueger, Commander of the 3rd Army, at Fort Sam Houston in San Antonio, Texas. After successfully participating in the Louisiana Maneuvers, he was promoted to brigadier general on October 3, 1941. Although his administrative abilities had been noticed, on the eve of the U.S. entry into World War II he had never held an active command above a battalion and was far from being considered by many as a potential commander of major operations.

question: What unit did Eisenhower serve with upon his return to the United States?, answer: 15th Infantry | question: At what military installation was the 15th Infantry based?, answer: Fort Lewis | question: In the spring of 1941, who commanded IX Corps?, answer: Kenyon Joyce | question: In what city was the 3rd Army based in June of 1941?, answer: San Antonio | question: What event contributed to Eisenhower receiving a promotion to brigadier general?, answer: Louisiana Maneuvers
Eisenhower told District of Columbia officials to make Washington a model for the rest of the country in integrating black and white public school children. He proposed to Congress the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and of 1960 and signed those acts into law. The 1957 act for the first time established a permanent civil rights office inside the Justice Department and a Civil Rights Commission to hear testimony about abuses of voting rights. Although both acts were much weaker than subsequent civil rights legislation, they constituted the first significant civil rights acts since 1875.

question: Who did Eisenhower tell DC officials to integrate?, answer: school children | question: What was the first civil rights act proposed to Congress by Eisenhower?, answer: Civil Rights Act of 1957 | question: In what year did Eisenhower propose his second civil rights act?, answer: 1960 | question: What sort of commission did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 establish?, answer: Civil Rights Commission | question: Under the Civil Rights Act of 1957, what federal department contained a civil rights office?, answer: Justice
Eisenhower was a golf enthusiast later in life, and joined the Augusta National Golf Club in 1948. He played golf frequently during and after his presidency and was unreserved in expressing his passion for the game, to the point of golfing during winter; he ordered his golf balls painted black so he could see them better against snow on the ground. He had a small, basic golf facility installed at Camp David, and became close friends with the Augusta National Chairman Clifford Roberts, inviting Roberts to stay at the White House on several occasions. Roberts, an investment broker, also handled the Eisenhower family's investments. Roberts also advised Eisenhower on tax aspects of publishing his memoirs, which proved financially lucrative.

question: What sport did Eisenhower notably enjoy?, answer: golf | question: What color were Eisenhower's winter golf balls?, answer: black | question: Who was the Chairman of Augusta National and friend to Eisenhower?, answer: Clifford Roberts | question: What was Clifford Roberts by profession?, answer: investment broker | question: When did Eisenhower join Augusta National?, answer: 1948
Eisenhower was the last president born in the 19th century, and at age 62, was the oldest man elected President since James Buchanan in 1856 (President Truman stood at 64 in 1948 as the incumbent president at the time of his election four years earlier). Eisenhower was the only general to serve as President in the 20th century and the most recent President to have never held elected office prior to the Presidency (The other Presidents who did not have prior elected office were Zachary Taylor, Ulysses S. Grant, William Howard Taft and Herbert Hoover).

question: In what century was Eisenhower born?, answer: 19th | question: Who was the oldest man to become President prior to Eisenhower?, answer: James Buchanan | question: What did Eisenhower have in common with presidents Taylor, Grant, Taft and Hoover?, answer: did not have prior elected office | question: How many times had Eisenhower been elected to office prior to becoming president?, answer: never | question: How old was Truman in 1948?, answer: 64
Eisenhower's goal to create improved highways was influenced by difficulties encountered during his involvement in the U.S. Army's 1919 Transcontinental Motor Convoy. He was assigned as an observer for the mission, which involved sending a convoy of U.S. Army vehicles coast to coast. His subsequent experience with encountering German autobahn limited-access road systems during the concluding stages of World War II convinced him of the benefits of an Interstate Highway System. Noticing the improved ability to move logistics throughout the country, he thought an Interstate Highway System in the U.S. would not only be beneficial for military operations, but provide a measure of continued economic growth. The legislation initially stalled in the Congress over the issuance of bonds to finance the project, but the legislative effort was renewed and the law was signed by Eisenhower in June 1956.

question: What event led Eisenhower to want to improve highways in the US?, answer: the U.S. Army's 1919 Transcontinental Motor Convoy | question: What German transportation project influenced Eisenhower on highways?, answer: autobahn | question: When did Eisenhower sign the law to create the Interstate Highway System?, answer: June 1956 | question: Along with military benefits, what did Eisenhower see as the benefit of the highway project?, answer: economic growth | question: Why did Congress hold up the highway bill?, answer: issuance of bonds to finance the project
Eisenhower's main goals in office were to keep pressure on the Soviet Union and reduce federal deficits. In the first year of his presidency, he threatened the use of nuclear weapons in an effort to conclude the Korean War; his New Look policy of nuclear deterrence prioritized inexpensive nuclear weapons while reducing funding for conventional military forces. He ordered coups in Iran and Guatemala. Eisenhower refused to give major aid to help France in Vietnam. He gave strong financial support to the new nation of South Vietnam. Congress agreed to his request in 1955 for the Formosa Resolution, which obliged the U.S. to militarily support the pro-Western Republic of China in Taiwan and continue the isolation of the People's Republic of China.

question: Along with reducing the federal deficit, what was Eisenhower's main policy priority as president?, answer: keep pressure on the Soviet Union | question: What did Eisenhower threaten to use to end the Korean War?, answer: nuclear weapons | question: Along with Guatemala, what country's government did Eisenhower order overthrown?, answer: Iran | question: What country did Eisenhower neglect to assist in their military action in Vietnam?, answer: France | question: In what year was the Formosa Resolution passed?, answer: 1955
Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where business, professional and governmental leaders could meet from time to time to discuss and reach conclusions concerning problems of a social and political nature". His biographer Blanche Wiesen Cook suggested that this period served as "the political education of General Eisenhower", since he had to prioritize wide-ranging educational, administrative, and financial demands for the university. Through his involvement in the Council on Foreign Relations, he also gained exposure to economic analysis, which would become the bedrock of his understanding in economic policy. "Whatever General Eisenhower knows about economics, he has learned at the study group meetings," one Aid to Europe member claimed.

question: While Eisenhower was president of Columbia, what group did he also work with?, answer: Council on Foreign Relations | question: What was Blanche Wiesen Cook in relation to Eisenhower?, answer: biographer | question: Along with business and government, what leaders did Eisenhower see meeting at the Council on Foreign Relations?, answer: professional | question: What sort of analysis did Eisenhower first experience with the Council on Foreign Relations?, answer: economic
Eisenhower, as well as the officers and troops under him, had learned valuable lessons in their previous operations, and their skills had all strengthened in preparation for the next most difficult campaign against the Germans—a beach landing assault. His first struggles, however, were with Allied leaders and officers on matters vital to the success of the Normandy invasion; he argued with Roosevelt over an essential agreement with De Gaulle to use French resistance forces in covert and sabotage operations against the Germans in advance of Overlord. Admiral Ernest J. King fought with Eisenhower over King's refusal to provide additional landing craft from the Pacific. He also insisted that the British give him exclusive command over all strategic air forces to facilitate Overlord, to the point of threatening to resign unless Churchill relented, as he did. Eisenhower then designed a bombing plan in France in advance of Overlord and argued with Churchill over the latter's concern with civilian casualties; de Gaulle interjected that the casualties were justified in shedding the yoke of the Germans, and Eisenhower prevailed. He also had to skillfully manage to retain the services of the often unruly George S. Patton, by severely reprimanding him when Patton earlier had slapped a subordinate, and then when Patton gave a speech in which he made improper comments about postwar policy.

question: Who refused to provide Eisenhower with landing craft?, answer: Ernest J. King | question: What concern did Churchill have in regard to Eisenhower's pre-invasion bombing plan?, answer: civilian casualties | question: What did Patton do that first caused Eisenhower to reprimand him?, answer: slapped a subordinate | question: What were the French resistance to be used for in advance of the invasion of France?, answer: covert and sabotage operations | question: Who was the leader of French forces in this period?, answer: de Gaulle
Electoral fraud is illegal interference with the process of an election. Acts of fraud affect vote counts to bring about an election result, whether by increasing the vote share of the favored candidate, depressing the vote share of the rival candidates, or both. Also called voter fraud, the mechanisms involved include illegal voter registration, intimidation at polls, and improper vote counting.

question: Illegal interference with an election is called what?, answer: Electoral fraud | question: Another term for electoral fraud is what?, answer: voter fraud | question: Illegal voter registration, the miscounting of votes, and what at polls is considered voter fraud?, answer: intimidation
Electric instruments such as the electric guitar, the electric bass and the ondes Martenot appear occasionally in the classical music of the 20th and 21st centuries. Both classical and popular musicians have experimented in recent decades with electronic instruments such as the synthesizer, electric and digital techniques such as the use of sampled or computer-generated sounds, and instruments from other cultures such as the gamelan.

question: What type of instrument appears occasionally in the 20th and 21st century styles of classical music?, answer: Electric | question: What type of musicians besides classical have experimented with electronic instruments?, answer: popular | question: What type of instrument is the gamelan?, answer: electronic
Electric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units, passenger cars with their own motors. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines but most purchase power from an electric utility. The railway usually provides its own distribution lines, switches and transformers.

question: What is used to haul passengers cars?, answer: electric locomotives | question: How is electricity being generated for electric locomotives?, answer: generating stations | question: What entity provides distribution lines, switches and transformers?, answer: railway