lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Pesticides safety education and pesticide applicator regulation are designed to protect the public from pesticide misuse, but do not eliminate all misuse. Reducing the use of pesticides and choosing less toxic pesticides may reduce risks placed on society and the environment from pesticide use. Integrated pest management, the use of multiple approaches to control pests, is becoming widespread and has been used with success in countries such as Indonesia, China, Bangladesh, the U.S., Australia, and Mexico. IPM attempts to recognize the more widespread impacts of an action on an ecosystem, so that natural balances are not upset. New pesticides are being developed, including biological and botanical derivatives and alternatives that are thought to reduce health and environmental risks. In addition, applicators are being encouraged to consider alternative controls and adopt methods that reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

question: What is one measure taken to keep society safe from improper pesticide use?, answer: pesticide applicator regulation | question: What is a choice that users of pesticides can make that will lower risks?, answer: choosing less toxic pesticides | question: What is one country that has sucessfully used IPM?, answer: Australia | question: Biological and botanical derivatives have what positive effects?, answer: reduce health and environmental risks | question: Who has the ability to make the choice of using less harmful pesticides?, answer: applicators
Pfizer, once the city's second largest employer, operated a large pharmaceutical research facility on the northeast side of Ann Arbor. On 22 January 2007, Pfizer announced it would close operations in Ann Arbor by the end of 2008. The facility was previously operated by Warner-Lambert and, before that, Parke-Davis. In December 2008, the University of Michigan Board of Regents approved the purchase of the facilities, and the university anticipates hiring 2,000 researchers and staff during the next 10 years. The city is the home of other research and engineering centers, including those of Lotus Engineering, General Dynamics and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Other research centers sited in the city are the United States Environmental Protection Agency's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory and the Toyota Technical Center. The city is also home to National Sanitation Foundation International (NSF International), the nonprofit non-governmental organization that develops generally accepted standards for a variety of public health related industries and subject areas.

question: Who is the city's 2nd largest employer?, answer: Pfizer | question: Which non-profit non-governmental organization is located in Ann Arbor?, answer: National Sanitation Foundation International | question: How many researchers does the University of Michigan expect to hire?, answer: 2,000
Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified "mob football", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia.

question: What Museum has a vase with an image of an episkyros player?, answer: National Archaeological Museum of Athens | question: What game did Athenaeus reference in 228 AD?, answer: harpastum | question: What is the name of a similar, non-competitive game in Japan called?, answer: kemari | question: What country is the game chuck-guk from?, answer: Korea | question: What country is the game wogabaliri from?, answer: Australia
Pharmaceutical companies whose products are used in the three-drug cocktails for lethal injections are predominantly European, and they have strenuously objected to the use of their drugs for executions and taken steps to prevent their use. For example, Hospira, the sole American manufacturer of sodium thiopental, the critical anesthetic in the three-drug cocktail, announced in 2011 that it would no longer manufacture the drug for the American market, in part for ethical reasons and in part because its transfer of sodium thiopental manufacturing to Italy would subject it to the European Union's Torture Regulation, which forbids the use of any product manufactured within the Union for torture (as execution by lethal injection is considered by the Regulation). Since the drug manufacturers began taking these steps and the EU regulation ended the importation of drugs produced in Europe, the resulting shortage of execution drugs has led to or influenced decisions to impose moratoria in Arkansas, California, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, North Carolina, and Tennessee.

question: How many drugs are used to administer lethal injection?, answer: three | question: What lethal injection drug is manufactured by Hospira?, answer: sodium thiopental | question: When did Hospira cease to manufacture its lethal injection drug for the United States?, answer: 2011 | question: In what country does Hospira manufacture sodium thiopental today?, answer: Italy | question: What EU law forbids products used in torture to be manufactured in the European Union?, answer: Torture Regulation
Pharmaceutical fraud involves deceptions which bring financial gain to a pharmaceutical company. It affects individuals and public and private insurers. There are several different schemes used to defraud the health care system which are particular to the pharmaceutical industry. These include: Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Violations, Off Label Marketing, Best Price Fraud, CME Fraud, Medicaid Price Reporting, and Manufactured Compound Drugs. Of this amount $2.5 billion was recovered through False Claims Act cases in FY 2010. Examples of fraud cases include the GlaxoSmithKline $3 billion settlement, Pfizer $2.3 billion settlement and Merck & Co. $650 million settlement. Damages from fraud can be recovered by use of the False Claims Act, most commonly under the qui tam provisions which rewards an individual for being a "whistleblower", or relator (law).

question: How much money was recovered through the False Claims?, answer: $2.5 billion | question: What are some of the schemes used to defraud the health care system?, answer: Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Violations, Off Label Marketing, Best Price Fraud, CME Fraud, Medicaid Price Reporting, and Manufactured Compound Drugs. | question: What is pharmaceutical fraud?, answer: deceptions which bring financial gain to a pharmaceutical company | question: Who had the biggest fraud case settlement?, answer: GlaxoSmithKline | question: What provision rewards "whistle-blowers"?, answer: qui tam | question: What kind of fraud financially benefits a drug company?, answer: Pharmaceutical fraud | question: Who is affected by pharmaceutical fraud?, answer: individuals and public and private insurers | question: How much money lost to pharmaceutical fraud was recovered in 2010?, answer: $2.5 billion | question: Which act allows whistleblowers to recover money lost from pharmaceutical fraud?, answer: False Claims Act
Phase one mode is activated by a corresponding smoke sensor or heat sensor in the building. Once an alarm has been activated, the elevator will automatically go into phase one. The elevator will wait an amount of time, then proceed to go into nudging mode to tell everyone the elevator is leaving the floor. Once the elevator has left the floor, depending on where the alarm was set off, the elevator will go to the fire-recall floor. However, if the alarm was activated on the fire-recall floor, the elevator will have an alternate floor to recall to. When the elevator is recalled, it proceeds to the recall floor and stops with its doors open. The elevator will no longer respond to calls or move in any direction. Located on the fire-recall floor is a fire-service key switch. The fire-service key switch has the ability to turn fire service off, turn fire service on or to bypass fire service. The only way to return the elevator to normal service is to switch it to bypass after the alarms have reset.

question: What initiates Phase one mode?, answer: a corresponding smoke sensor or heat sensor in the building | question: What happens when an elevator goes into Phase one mode?, answer: The elevator will wait an amount of time, then proceed to go into nudging mode to tell everyone the elevator is leaving the floor | question: Where does the elevator go from there?, answer: the elevator will go to the fire-recall floor | question: How is the elevator enabled for service after the incident?, answer: The only way to return the elevator to normal service is to switch it to bypass after the alarms have reset | question: What happens if the mode is activated on the fire-recall floor?, answer: the elevator will have an alternate floor to recall to
Phase-two mode can only be activated by a key switch located inside the elevator on the centralized control panel. This mode was created for firefighters so that they may rescue people from a burning building. The phase-two key switch located on the COP has three positions: off, on, and hold. By turning phase two on, the firefighter enables the car to move. However, like independent-service mode, the car will not respond to a car call unless the firefighter manually pushes and holds the door close button. Once the elevator gets to the desired floor it will not open its doors unless the firefighter holds the door open button. This is in case the floor is burning and the firefighter can feel the heat and knows not to open the door. The firefighter must hold door open until the door is completely opened. If for any reason the firefighter wishes to leave the elevator, they will use the hold position on the key switch to make sure the elevator remains at that floor. If the firefighter wishes to return to the recall floor, they simply turn the key off and close the doors.

question: How is the Phase-two mode enabled?, answer: Phase-two mode can only be activated by a key switch located inside the elevator on the centralized control panel | question: What actions must a firefighter take to activate Phase-two mode?, answer: manually pushes and holds the door close button | question: What does Phase-two do?, answer: enables the car to move | question: What is the purpose of the Phase-two mode?, answer: This mode was created for firefighters so that they may rescue people from a burning building | question: Where is the Phase-two key switch to be found?, answer: on the COP
Phil Skinner played a key role in 20th century development of the mandolin movement in Australia, and was awarded an MBE in 1979 for services to music and the community. He was born Harry Skinner in Sydney in 1903 and started learning music at age 10 when his uncle tutored him on the banjo. Skinner began teaching part-time at age 18, until the Great Depression forced him to begin teaching full-time and learn a broader range of instruments. Skinner founded the Sydney Mandolin Orchestra, the oldest surviving mandolin orchestra in Australia.

question: Who played a key role Australian mandolin movement?, answer: Phil Skinner | question: When did the Australian mandolin movement begin?, answer: 20th century | question: When was Phil Skinner awarded an MBE?, answer: 1979 | question: What was Phil Skinner's birth name?, answer: Harry Skinner | question: At what age did Phil Skinner begin playing music?, answer: 10
Philadelphia Gas Works (PGW), overseen by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, is the nation's largest municipally owned natural gas utility. It serves over 500,000 homes and businesses in the Philadelphia area. Founded in 1836, the company came under city ownership in 1987 and has been providing the majority of gas distributed within city limits. In 2014, the Philadelphia City Council refused to conduct hearings on a $1.86 billion sale of PGW, part of a two-year effort that was proposed by the mayor. The refusal led to the prospective buyer terminating its offer.

question: What is the largest city owned gas utility?, answer: Philadelphia Gas Works | question: How many homes does PGW serve?, answer: 500,000 | question: When was PGW founded?, answer: 1836 | question: When did the city take PGW over?, answer: 1987
Philadelphia artists have had a prominent national role in popular music. In the 1970s, Philadelphia soul influenced the music of that and later eras. On July 13, 1985, Philadelphia hosted the American end of the Live Aid concert at John F. Kennedy Stadium. The city reprised this role for the Live 8 concert, bringing some 700,000 people to the Ben Franklin Parkway on July 2, 2005. Philadelphia is home to the world-renowned Philadelphia Boys Choir & Chorale, which has performed its music all over the world. Dr. Robert G. Hamilton, founder of the choir, is a notable native Philadelphian. The Philly Pops is another famous Philadelphia music group. The city has played a major role in the development and support of American rock music and rap music. Hip-hop/Rap artists such as The Roots, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, The Goats, Freeway, Schoolly D, Eve, and Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes hail from the city.

question: Name a type of music from the 70's that influenced the nation?, answer: Philadelphia soul | question: What concert did Philly host on July13th, 1985?, answer: Live Aid | question: What is the name of the stadium that held Live Aid?, answer: John F. Kennedy Stadium | question: Name a hip/hop artist from the city?, answer: The Roots, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, The Goats, Freeway, Schoolly D, Eve, and Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes
Philadelphia has dedicated landmarks to its sister cities. Dedicated in June 1976, the Sister Cities Plaza, a site of 0.5 acres (2,000 m2) located at 18th and Benjamin Franklin Parkway, honors Philadelphia's relationships with Tel Aviv and Florence which were its first sister cities. Another landmark, the Toruń Triangle, honoring the sister city relationship with Toruń, Poland, was constructed in 1976, west of the United Way building at 18th Street and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. In addition, the Triangle contains the Copernicus monument. Renovations were made to Sister Cities Park in mid-2011 and on May 10, 2012, SCP was reopened and currently features an interactive fountain honoring Philadelphia's ten sister and friendship cities, a café and visitor's center, children's play area, outdoor garden, and boat pond, as well as pavilion built to environmentally friendly standards.

question: What city in Poland is a sister city to Philadelphia?, answer: Toruń | question: What city in Israel is a sister city to Philadelphia?, answer: Tel Aviv | question: When was Torun triangle built?, answer: 1976 | question: What else does the Triangle contain?, answer: Copernicus monument | question: How many sister cities does Philadelphia have?, answer: ten
Philadelphia has more public art than any other American city. In 1872, the Association for Public Art (formerly the Fairmount Park Art Association) was created, the first private association in the United States dedicated to integrating public art and urban planning. In 1959, lobbying by the Artists Equity Association helped create the Percent for Art ordinance, the first for a U.S. city. The program, which has funded more than 200 pieces of public art, is administered by the Philadelphia Office of Arts and Culture, the city's art agency.

question: Which American city has the most public art?, answer: Philadelphia | question: What was the Assoc. for Public Art called in the past?, answer: Fairmount Park Art Association | question: How many pieces of art were funded by the Percent for Art ordinance?, answer: more than 200
Philadelphia is also a major hub for Greyhound Lines, which operates 24-hour service to points east of the Mississippi River. Most of Greyhound's services in Philadelphia operate to/from the Philadelphia Greyhound Terminal, located at 1001 Filbert Street in Center City Philadelphia. In 2006, the Philadelphia Greyhound Terminal was the second busiest Greyhound terminal in the United States, after the Port Authority Bus Terminal in New York. Besides Greyhound, six other bus operators provide service to the Center City Greyhound terminal: Bieber Tourways, Capitol Trailways, Martz Trailways, Peter Pan Bus Lines, Susquehanna Trailways, and the bus division for New Jersey Transit. Other services include Megabus and Bolt Bus.

question: What bus line uses the city as a hub?, answer: Greyhound Lines | question: Where is Greyhound terminal located?, answer: 1001 Filbert Street | question: How many other bus companies operate from Philadelphia?, answer: six | question: What is the name of the six bus companies?, answer: Bieber Tourways, Capitol Trailways, Martz Trailways, Peter Pan Bus Lines, Susquehanna Trailways, and the bus division for New Jersey Transit
Philadelphia is home to many national historical sites that relate to the founding of the United States. Independence National Historical Park is the center of these historical landmarks being one of the country's 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions. Other historic sites include homes for Edgar Allan Poe, Betsy Ross, and Thaddeus Kosciuszko, early government buildings like the First and Second Banks of the United States, Fort Mifflin, and the Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church. Philadelphia alone has 67 National Historic Landmarks, the third most of any city in the country.

question: Which is the biggest historical sites?, answer: Independence National Historical Park | question: How many UNESCO sites does the U.S. have?, answer: 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites | question: Where was the Declaration of Independence signed?, answer: Independence National Historical Park | question: What famous bell is in Philadelphia?, answer: the Liberty Bell | question: What famous writer has a house in Philadelphia?, answer: Edgar Allan Poe
Philadelphia once comprised six congressional districts. However, as a result of the city's declining population, it now has only four: the 1st district, represented by Bob Brady; the 2nd, represented by Chaka Fattah; the 8th, represented by Mike Fitzpatrick; and the 13th, represented by Brendan Boyle. All but Fitzpatrick are Democrats. Although they are usually swamped by Democrats in city, state and national elections, Republicans still have some support in the area, primarily in the northeast. A Republican represented a significant portion of Philadelphia in the House as late as 1983, and Sam Katz ran competitive mayoral races as the Republican nominee in both 1999 and 2003.

question: How many congressional districts are there in the city?, answer: four | question: How many congressional districts were there at the peak population?, answer: six | question: Who represents the 8th district?, answer: Mike Fitzpatrick | question: When was the last major Republican representation of a large part of the city?, answer: 1983 | question: Who was the last Republican to be fairly competitive in the mayoral race?, answer: Sam Katz
Philadelphia's an annualized unemployment rate was 7.8% in 2014, down from 10.0%the previous year. This is higher than the national average of 6.2%. Similarly, the rate of new jobs added to the city's economy lagged behind the national job growth. In 2014, about 8,800 jobs were added to the city's economy. Sectors with the largest number of jobs added were in education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and professional and business services. Declines were seen in the city's manufacturing and government sectors.

question: Unemployment rate in 2014?, answer: 7.8% | question: What was the average unemployment rate in the U.S. in 2014?, answer: 6.2% | question: How many jobs were gained in 2014?, answer: 8,800 | question: What industries accounted for most of the city's job gains?, answer: education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and professional and business services | question: What industries suffered declines?, answer: manufacturing and government
Philadelphia's central city was created in the 17th century following the plan by William Penn's surveyor Thomas Holme. Center City is structured with long straight streets running east-west and north-south forming a grid pattern. The original city plan was designed to allow for easy travel and to keep residences separated by open space that would help prevent the spread of fire. The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers served as early boundaries between which the city's early street plan was kept within. In addition, Penn planned the creation of five public parks in the city which were renamed in 1824 (in parenthesis): Centre Square, North East Publick Square (Franklin Square), Northwest Square (Logan Square), Southwest Square (Rittenhouse Square), and Southeast Square (Washington Square). Center City has grown into the second-most populated downtown area in the United States, after Midtown Manhattan in New York City, with an estimated 183,240 residents in 2015.

question: Who planned the central city?, answer: Thomas Holme | question: Which rivers run through the city?, answer: The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers | question: How many public parks did Penn plan?, answer: five | question: How many live in the central area today?, answer: 183,240
Philadelphia's importance and central location in the colonies made it a natural center for America's revolutionaries. By the 1750s, Philadelphia had surpassed Boston to become the largest city and busiest port in British America, and second in the British Empire, behind London. The city hosted the First Continental Congress before the American Revolutionary War; the Second Continental Congress, which signed the United States Declaration of Independence, during the war; and the Constitutional Convention (1787) after the war. Several battles were fought in and near Philadelphia as well.

question: What important revolutionary document was signed in Philadelphia?, answer: Declaration of Independence, | question: When did Philadelphia host the Constitutional Convention?, answer: 1787 | question: How many Revolutionary War battles were fought around Philadelphia?, answer: Several
Philadelphia's major science museums include the Franklin Institute, which contains the Benjamin Franklin National Memorial; the Academy of Natural Sciences; the Mütter Museum; and the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. History museums include the National Constitution Center, the Atwater Kent Museum of Philadelphia History, the National Museum of American Jewish History, the African American Museum in Philadelphia, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons in the state of Pennsylvania and The Masonic Library and Museum of Pennsylvania and Eastern State Penitentiary. Philadelphia is home to the United States' first zoo and hospital, as well as Fairmount Park, one of America's oldest and largest urban parks.

question: Name the archaeology museum?, answer: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology | question: Name a museum named after a founding father?, answer: Franklin Institute | question: Which city had the nations first zoo?, answer: Philadelphia | question: Name Philidelphia's largest park?, answer: Fairmount Park