lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
According to Greek law, every Sunday of the year is a public holiday. In addition, there are four mandatory official public holidays: 25 March (Greek Independence Day), Easter Monday, 15 August (Assumption or Dormition of the Holy Virgin), and 25 December (Christmas). 1 May (Labour Day) and 28 October (Ohi Day) are regulated by law as being optional but it is customary for employees to be given the day off. There are, however, more public holidays celebrated in Greece than are announced by the Ministry of Labour each year as either obligatory or optional. The list of these non-fixed national holidays rarely changes and has not changed in recent decades, giving a total of eleven national holidays each year.

question: Greek law says that every Sunday of the year is a what?, answer: holiday | question: How many official Greek mandatory public holidays are there?, answer: four | question: How many Greek national holidays are there each year?, answer: eleven | question: What is one of the holidays regulated by law as optional?, answer: Labour Day
According to Hampshire Constabulary figures, Southampton is currently safer than it has ever been before, with dramatic reductions in violent crime year on year for the last three years. Data from the Southampton Safer City Partnership shows there has been a reduction in all crimes in recent years and an increase in crime detection rates. According to government figures Southampton has a higher crime rate than the national average. There is some controversy regarding comparative crime statisitics due to inconsistencies between different police forces recording methodologies. For example, in Hampshire all reported incidents are recorded and all records then retained. However, in neighbouring Dorset crimes reports withdrawn or shown to be false are not recorded, reducing apparent crime figures. In the violence against the person category, the national average is 16.7 per 1000 population while Southampton is 42.4 per 1000 population. In the theft from a vehicle category, the national average is 7.6 per 1000 compared to Southampton's 28.4 per 1000. Overall, for every 1,000 people in the city, 202 crimes are recorded. Hampshire Constabulary's figures for 2009/10 show fewer incidents of recorded crime in Southampton than the previous year.

question: How many crimes overall are reported for each 1,000 people in Southampton?, answer: 202 | question: Did Hampshire Constabulary record fewer or more crime incidents in 2009/10 than the year before?, answer: fewer | question: For how many consecutive years has violent crime in Southampton decreased?, answer: three | question: Is Southampton's crime rate higher or lower than the national average?, answer: higher | question: Which statistics are debated because of the different ways various police forces record crime?, answer: comparative crime statisitics
According to Ismā‘īlīsm, Allah has sent "seven" great prophets known as “Nātıq” (Spoken) in order to disseminate and improve his Dīn of Islam. All of these great prophets has also one assistant known as “Sāmad (Silent) Imām”. At the end of each seven “Sāmad” silsila, one great “Nātıq” (Spoken) has ben sent in order to reimprove the Dīn of Islam. After Adam and his son Seth, and after six “Nātıq” (Spoken) – “Sāmad” (Silent) silsila (Noah–Shem), (Abraham–Ishmael), (Moses–Aaron), (Jesus–Simeon), (Muhammad bin ʿAbd Allāh–Ali ibn Abu Tālib); the silsila of “Nātıqs and Sāmads have been completed with (Muhammad bin Ismā‘īl as-ṣaghīr (Maymûn’ûl-Qaddāh)–ʿAbd Allāh Ibn-i Maymûn and his sons).

question: How many great prophets has Allah sent?, answer: seven | question: What are the seven great prophets known as?, answer: Nātıq | question: What are the seven great prophets supposed to do?, answer: disseminate and improve his Dīn of Islam | question: What is the great prophets assistant called?, answer: Sāmad (Silent) Imām
According to John Everett-Heath, the author of Oxford Concise Dictionary of World Place Names, Hyderabad means "Haydar's city" or "lion city", from haydar (lion) and ābād (city). It was named to honour the Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, who was also known as Haydar because of his lion-like valour in battles. Andrew Petersen, a scholar of Islamic architecture, says the city was originally called Baghnagar (city of gardens). One popular theory suggests that Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, the founder of the city, named it "Bhagyanagar" or "Bhāgnagar" after Bhagmati, a local nautch (dancing) girl with whom he had fallen in love. She converted to Islam and adopted the title Hyder Mahal. The city was renamed Hyderabad in her honour. According to another source, the city was named after Haidar, the son of Quli Qutb Shah.

question: What does the Oxford Concise Dictionary of World Place Names say Hyderabad means?, answer: "Haydar's city" or "lion city" | question: Hyderabad was named in honor of someone, who was it?, answer: Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib | question: What does Andrew Petersen say that Hyderabad was originally known as?, answer: Baghnagar (city of gardens). | question: Who founded what came to be known Hyderabad?, answer: Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah | question: What person is Hyderabad said to have been renamed for?, answer: "Bhagyanagar" or "Bhāgnagar" after Bhagmati, a local nautch (dancing) girl
According to John N. Gray, Popper held that "a theory is scientific only in so far as it is falsifiable, and should be given up as soon as it is falsified." By applying Popper's account of scientific method, Gray's Straw Dogs states that this would have "killed the theories of Darwin and Einstein at birth." When they were first advanced, Gray claims, each of them was "at odds with some available evidence; only later did evidence become available that gave them crucial support." Against this, Gray seeks to establish the irrationalist thesis that "the progress of science comes from acting against reason."

question: Which two prominent scientists advanced theories that John N. Gray claims would never have survived the scientific method Popper describes?, answer: Darwin and Einstein | question: Which work by John Gray challenges Popper's falsificationism?, answer: Straw Dogs | question: According to Gray, what should have falsified Einstein and Darwin's theories when first proposed?, answer: available evidence | question: What kind of thesis does Gray advance about scientific progress?, answer: irrationalist
According to Joshua Baron – a "researcher, lecturer, and consultant on international conflict" – since the early 1960s direct military conflicts and major confrontations have "receded into the background" with regards to relations among the great powers. Baron argues several reasons why this is the case, citing the unprecedented rise of the United States and its predominant position as the key reason. Baron highlights that since World War Two no other great power has been able to achieve parity or near parity with the United States, with the exception of the Soviet Union for a brief time. This position is unique among the great powers since the start of the modern era (the 16th century), where there has traditionally always been "tremendous parity among the great powers". This unique period of American primacy has been an important factor in maintaining a condition of peace between the great powers.

question: Since what time has military conflicts receded?, answer: 1960s | question: What country has risen above other superpowers?, answer: United States | question: Since what century has there always been parity in powers?, answer: modern era (the 16th century) | question: Who's primacy has factored into maintaining peace among powers?, answer: American
According to Martin Heidegger we do not exist inside time, we are time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of having been, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the human propensity for caring and being concerned, which causes "being ahead of oneself" when thinking of a pending occurrence. Therefore, this concern for a potential occurrence also allows the future to exist in the present. The present becomes an experience, which is qualitative instead of quantitative. Heidegger seems to think this is the way that a linear relationship with time, or temporal existence, is broken or transcended. We are not stuck in sequential time. We are able to remember the past and project into the future—we have a kind of random access to our representation of temporal existence; we can, in our thoughts, step out of (ecstasis) sequential time.

question: Who suggested that humankind does not exist inside time, but is time?, answer: Martin Heidegger | question: The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating what?, answer: a potential possibility, task, or engagement | question: What is considered a qualitative experience rather than a quantitative one?, answer: The present | question: According to Heidegger, what can we do, in our thoughts?, answer: step out of (ecstasis) sequential time.
According to Max Clifford: Read All About It, written by Clifford and Angela Levin, La Salle invented the story out of frustration with Starr who had been working on a book with McCaffrey. She contacted an acquaintance who worked for The Sun in Manchester. The story reportedly delighted MacKenzie, who was keen to run it, and Max Clifford, who had been Starr's public relations agent. Starr had to be persuaded that the apparent revelation would not damage him; the attention helped to revive his career. In his 2001 autobiography Unwrapped, Starr wrote that the incident was a complete fabrication: "I have never eaten or even nibbled a live hamster, gerbil, guinea pig, mouse, shrew, vole or any other small mammal."

question: Who wrote Max Clifford: Read All About It?, answer: Clifford and Angela Levin | question: Who was writing a book with McCaffrey?, answer: Starr | question: Who was previously Starr's public relations agent?, answer: Max Clifford | question: How did attention from the story impact Starr's career?, answer: the attention helped to revive his career | question: What was the name of Starr's autobiography?, answer: Unwrapped
According to Mendelian inheritance, variations in an organism's phenotype (observable physical and behavioral characteristics) are due in part to variations in its genotype (particular set of genes). Each gene specifies a particular trait with different sequence of a gene (alleles) giving rise to different phenotypes. Most eukaryotic organisms (such as the pea plants Mendel worked on) have two alleles for each trait, one inherited from each parent.:20

question: According to Mendelian inheritance, what is part of the cause of variations in an organism's phenotype?, answer: variations in its genotype | question: What sort of characteristics are described by an organism's phenotype?, answer: observable physical and behavioral characteristics | question: What is a genotype?, answer: particular set of genes | question: What specifies a particular trait with a different sequence of alleles?, answer: Each gene | question: How many alleles do most eukaryotic organisms have for each trait?, answer: two alleles for each trait
According to Milton Friedman, before the Industrial Revolution virtually all children worked in agriculture. During the Industrial Revolution many of these children moved from farm work to factory work. Over time, as real wages rose, parents became able to afford to send their children to school instead of work and as a result child labour declined, both before and after legislation. Austrian School economist Murray Rothbard said that British and American children of the pre- and post-Industrial Revolution lived and suffered in infinitely worse conditions where jobs were not available for them and went "voluntarily and gladly" to work in factories.

question: Where did children work prior to the Industrial Revolution?, answer: agriculture | question: How many children worked?, answer: virtually all | question: Where did children go to work after doing farm work for so long?, answer: factory work | question: What did parents do when the wages were finally raised?, answer: send their children to school instead of work
According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as closely to directly as possible. The laws are from the word of God in the Torah, using a set of rules also revealed by God to Moses on Mount Sinai, and have been derived with the utmost accuracy and care, and thus the Oral Law is considered to be no less the word of God. If some of the details of Jewish law may have been lost over the millennia, they were reconstructed in accordance with internally consistent rules; see The 13 rules by which Jewish law was derived.

question: What is jewish law today based on?, answer: Torah | question: what does the halakha represent to orthodox judiasm?, answer: will of God | question: Where were the rules about the Torah revealed to Moses by God?, answer: Mount Sinai | question: How many rules are jewish law derived from?, answer: 13 | question: What law is considered to be no less the word of god?, answer: Oral Law
According to Paul Martin, Sr., by the end of the 1970s the Queen was worried that the Crown "had little meaning for" Pierre Trudeau, the Canadian Prime Minister. Tony Benn said that the Queen found Trudeau "rather disappointing". Trudeau's supposed republicanism seemed to be confirmed by his antics, such as sliding down banisters at Buckingham Palace and pirouetting behind the Queen's back in 1977, and the removal of various Canadian royal symbols during his term of office. In 1980, Canadian politicians sent to London to discuss the patriation of the Canadian constitution found the Queen "better informed ... than any of the British politicians or bureaucrats". She was particularly interested after the failure of Bill C-60, which would have affected her role as head of state. Patriation removed the role of the British parliament from the Canadian constitution, but the monarchy was retained. Trudeau said in his memoirs that the Queen favoured his attempt to reform the constitution and that he was impressed by "the grace she displayed in public" and "the wisdom she showed in private".

question: About whom was Elizabeth worried in the 1970s?, answer: Pierre Trudeau | question: What was the subject under consideration in discussions in 1980?, answer: Canadian constitution | question: What did patriation of the Canadian Constitution remove from the constitution?, answer: British parliament | question: What was retained in the constitution?, answer: monarchy | question: What did Trudeau say Elizabeth favored?, answer: reform
According to Pew Research, 7% of the population identifies as Christian; 4% as Muslim; 1% follows traditional animistic beliefs; and 2% follow other religions, including Mahayana Buddhism, Hinduism, and East Asian religions. However, according to a US State Department's 2010 international religious freedom report, official statistics are alleged to underestimate the non-Buddhist population. Independent researchers put the Muslim population at 6 to 10% of the population[citation needed]. Jehovah's Witnesses have been present since 1914 and have about 80 congregations around the country and a branch office in Yangon publishing in 16 languages. A tiny Jewish community in Rangoon had a synagogue but no resident rabbi to conduct services.

question: What part of the populace does not identify with conformists religious majority?, answer: 7% of the population identifies as Christian; 4% as Muslim; 1% follows traditional animistic beliefs; and 2% follow other religions | question: Are these percentages an accurate estimate of nonconformists religious groups ?, answer: international religious freedom report, official statistics are alleged to underestimate the non-Buddhist population. | question: How many dwelling are dedicated to the worship of the faith Jehovah's Witnesses ?, answer: 80 congregations around the country and a branch office in Yangon | question: How many dialects are the publications distributed by the Jehovah Witness available in ?, answer: 16 languages | question: What problem presented itself to the Jewish locale in Rangoon ?, answer: a synagogue but no resident rabbi to conduct services
According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of reality on a par with the three spatial dimensions, and hence that all things—past, present, and future—can be said to be just as real as things in the present. According to this theory, then, Homer really does exist, though we must still use special language when talking about somebody who exists at a distant time—just as we would use special language when talking about something far away (the very words near, far, above, below, and such are directly comparable to phrases such as in the past, a minute ago, and so on).

question: According to what theory is time an ordering of various realities?, answer: Presentism | question: Presentism states that at a certain time some things do what?, answer: exist | question: Who believes that time is a dimension of reality on a par with the three spatial dimensions, answer: Eternalist | question: According to an Eternalist, what can be said to be just as real as things in the present?, answer: all things—past, present, and future | question: According to the Eternalist theory, what must we use to describe Homer?, answer: special language
According to Sadat, it was only when the Israelis cut off the Egyptian garrison at Sharm el-Sheikh that Nasser became aware of the situation's gravity. After hearing of the attack, he rushed to army headquarters to inquire about the military situation. The simmering conflict between Nasser and Amer subsequently came to the fore, and officers present reported the pair burst into "a nonstop shouting match". The Supreme Executive Committee, set up by Nasser to oversee the conduct of the war, attributed the repeated Egyptian defeats to the Nasser–Amer rivalry and Amer's overall incompetence. According to Egyptian diplomat Ismail Fahmi, who became foreign minister during Sadat's presidency, the Israeli invasion and Egypt's consequent defeat was a result of Nasser's dismissal of all rational analysis of the situation and his undertaking of a series of irrational decisions.

question: What defeat opened Nasser's eyes to the desperation of Egypt's situation?, answer: Sharm el-Sheikh | question: What two Egyptian leaders personal conflicts played a large part in Egypt's poor showing in the war?, answer: Nasser–Amer | question: What did Nasser dismiss during the war?, answer: rational analysis
According to Sahih al-Bukhari, the Quran was recited among Levantines and Iraqis, and discussed by Christians and Jews, before it was standardized. Its language was similar to the Syriac language.[citation needed] The Quran recounts stories of many of the people and events recounted in Jewish and Christian sacred books (Tanakh, Bible) and devotional literature (Apocrypha, Midrash), although it differs in many details. Adam, Enoch, Noah, Eber, Shelah, Abraham, Lot, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Job, Jethro, David, Solomon, Elijah, Elisha, Jonah, Aaron, Moses, Zechariah, John the Baptist and Jesus are mentioned in the Quran as prophets of God (see Prophets of Islam). In fact, Moses is mentioned more in the Quran than any other individual. Jesus is mentioned more often in the Quran than Muhammad, while Mary is mentioned in the Quran more than the New Testament. Muslims believe the common elements or resemblances between the Bible and other Jewish and Christian writings and Islamic dispensations is due to their common divine source,[citation needed] and that the original Christian or Jewish texts were authentic divine revelations given to prophets.

question: Which Biblical character is the most often mentioned person in the Quran?, answer: Moses | question: Who has claimed that Christians and Jews had heard and discussed the Quran before it took on its standardized Arabic form?, answer: Sahih al-Bukhari | question: Which older language is thought to strongly resemble that of the Quran?, answer: Syriac | question: Which relative of Jesus appears more often in the Quran than the New Testament?, answer: Mary | question: What do devout Muslims believe is the reason for the overlap of events and characters in the Bible and Quran?, answer: common divine source
According to Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United State by Harriet Zuckerman, a review of American Nobel prizes awarded between 1901 and 1972, 72% of American Nobel Prize laureates identified a Protestant background. Overall, Protestants have won a total of 84.2% of all the Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, 60% in Medicine, and 58.6% in Physics awarded to Americans between 1901 and 1972.

question: What denomination of Christianity had the highest percentage of Nobel Prize winners between 1901 and 1972 in America?, answer: Protestant
According to Shia beliefs, those who are firmly rooted in knowledge like Muhammad and the imams know the secrets of the Quran. According to Tabatabaei, the statement "none knows its interpretation except God" remains valid, without any opposing or qualifying clause. Therefore, so far as this verse is concerned, the knowledge of the Quran's interpretation is reserved for God. But Tabatabaei uses other verses and concludes that those who are purified by God know the interpretation of the Quran to a certain extent.

question: Who do Shia Muslims believe can approach Quranic truths besides God and Muhammad?, answer: imams | question: According to Shia Muslims, who is the only one who can fully know the a Quranic interpretation?, answer: God | question: How must God have treated those who are qualified to know Quranic sectets?, answer: purified
According to Strabo, the Greco-Bactrians seem to have had contacts with China through the silk road trade routes (Strabo, XI.XI.I). Indian sources also maintain religious contact between Buddhist monks and the Greeks, and some Greco-Bactrians did convert to Buddhism. Demetrius, son and successor of Euthydemus, invaded north-western India in 180 BC, after the destruction of the Mauryan empire there; the Mauryans were probably allies of the Bactrians (and Seleucids). The exact justification for the invasion remains unclear, but by about 175 BC, the Greeks ruled over parts of north-western India. This period also marks the beginning of the obfuscation of Greco-Bactrian history. Demetrius possibly died about 180 BC; numismatic evidence suggest the existence of several other kings shortly thereafter. It is probable that at this point that the Greco-Bactrian kingdom split into several semi-independent regions for some years, often warring amongst themselves. Heliocles was the last Greek to clearly rule Bactria, his power collapsing in the face of central Asian tribal invasions (Scythian and Yuezhi), by about 130 BCE. However, Greek urban civilisation seems to have continued in Bactria after the fall of the kingdom, having a hellenising effect on the tribes which had displaced Greek-rule. The Kushan empire which followed continued to use Greek on their coinage and Greeks continued being influential in the empire.

question: Who stated that the Greco-Bactrians had connections through the silk road?, answer: Strabo | question: When did Demetrius, son of Euthydemus invade north-western India?, answer: 180 BC | question: Whose death signifies the beginning of confusing documentation of Greco-Bactrian history?, answer: Demetrius | question: Who was the last Greek to clearly rule Bactria?, answer: Heliocles