lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
In Britain, further experiments in the genre boosted its appeal. House and rave clubs such as Lakota and Cream emerged across Britain, hosting house and dance scene events. The 'chilling out' concept developed in Britain with ambient house albums such as The KLF's Chill Out and Analogue Bubblebath by Aphex Twin. The Godskitchen superclub brand also began in the midst of the early 90's rave scene. After initially hosting small nights in Cambridge and Northampton, the associated events scaled up in Milton Keynes, Birmingham and Leeds. A new indie dance scene also emerged in the 90's. In New York, bands such as Deee-Lite furthered house's international influence. Two distinctive tracks from this era were the Orb's "Little Fluffy Clouds" (with a distinctive vocal sample from Rickie Lee Jones) and the Happy Mondays' "Wrote for Luck" ("WFL") which was transformed into a dance hit by Vince Clarke.

question: where did the "chilling out" concept develop?, answer: Britain | question: who released the album analogue bubblebath?, answer: Aphex Twin | question: where was the band deee-lite based?, answer: New York | question: who released the track "little fluffy clouds"?, answer: Orb | question: who transformed happy mondays' "wrote for luck" into a dance hit?, answer: Vince Clarke
In British English, the word 'asphalt' is used to refer to a mixture of mineral aggregate and asphalt/bitumen (also called tarmac in common parlance). When bitumen is mixed with clay it is usually called asphaltum. The earlier word 'asphaltum' is now archaic and not commonly used.[citation needed] In American English, 'asphalt' is equivalent to the British 'bitumen'. However, 'asphalt' is also commonly used as a shortened form of 'asphalt concrete' (therefore equivalent to the British 'asphalt' or 'tarmac'). In Australian English, bitumen is often used as the generic term for road surfaces. In Canadian English, the word bitumen is used to refer to the vast Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil, while asphalt is used for the oil refinery product used to pave roads and manufacture roof shingles and various waterproofing products. Diluted bitumen (diluted with naphtha to make it flow in pipelines) is known as dilbit in the Canadian petroleum industry, while bitumen "upgraded" to synthetic crude oil is known as syncrude and syncrude blended with bitumen as synbit. Bitumen is still the preferred geological term for naturally occurring deposits of the solid or semi-solid form of petroleum. Bituminous rock is a form of sandstone impregnated with bitumen. The tar sands of Alberta, Canada are a similar material.

question: To what type of aggregate did asphalt used to refer?, answer: mixture | question: What is the mixture of bitumen and minerals called?, answer: tarmac | question: When mixed wit clay, what is bitumen called?, answer: asphaltum | question: With what word in America, is bitumen used interchangeably?, answer: 'asphalt | question: What is the geological term for asphalt?, answer: Bitumen
In Burma the British, under intense pressure, made a fighting retreat from Rangoon to the Indo-Burmese border. This cut the Burma Road which was the western Allies' supply line to the Chinese Nationalists. In March 1942, Chinese Expeditionary Force started to attack Japanese forces in northern Burma. On 16 April, 7,000 British soldiers were encircled by the Japanese 33rd Division during the Battle of Yenangyaung and rescued by the Chinese 38th Division led by Sun Li-jen. Cooperation between the Chinese Nationalists and the Communists had waned from its zenith at the Battle of Wuhan, and the relationship between the two had gone sour as both attempted to expand their area of operations in occupied territories. Most of the Nationalist guerrilla areas were eventually overtaken by the Communists. On the other hand, some Nationalist units were deployed to blockade the Communists and not the Japanese. Furthermore, many of the forces of the Chinese Nationalists were warlords allied to Chiang Kai-Shek, but not directly under his command. "Of the 1,200,000 troops under Chiang's control, only 650,000 were directly controlled by his generals, and another 550,000 controlled by warlords who claimed loyalty to his government; the strongest force was the Szechuan army of 320,000 men. The defeat of this army would do much to end Chiang's power." The Japanese exploited this lack of unity to press ahead in their offensives.

question: When did the Chinese attack Burma?, answer: March 1942 | question: How many British soldiers were rescued by the Chinese 38th Division on April 16??, answer: 7,000 | question: Who led the rescue of British forces during the Battle of Yenangyaung?, answer: Sun Li-jen | question: How many of Chiang Kai-Shek's troops were controlled by warlords?, answer: 550,000 | question: What was Chiang Kai-Shek's strongest army?, answer: Szechuan army
In Canada, "college" generally refers to a two-year, non-degree-granting institution, while "university" connotes a four-year, degree-granting institution. Universities may be sub-classified (as in the Macleans rankings) into large research universities with many PhD granting programs and medical schools (for example, McGill University); "comprehensive" universities that have some PhDs but aren't geared toward research (such as Waterloo); and smaller, primarily undergraduate universities (such as St. Francis Xavier).

question: A college teaches students for how many years in Canada?, answer: two | question: What type of institution is a college in Canada?, answer: non-degree-granting | question: How many years does a degree-granting university in Canada spend teaching students?, answer: four | question: What is McGill University in Canada an example of?, answer: medical schools | question: What type of university is St Francis Xavier in Canada?, answer: undergraduate
In Canada, "the 51st state" is a phrase generally used in such a way as to imply that if a certain political course is taken, Canada's destiny will be as little more than a part of the United States. Examples include the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement in 1988, the debate over the creation of a common defense perimeter, and as a potential consequence of not adopting proposals intended to resolve the issue of Quebec sovereignty, the Charlottetown Accord in 1992 and the Clarity Act in 1999.

question: What is another connotation for the 51st state label?, answer: if a certain political course is taken, Canada's destiny will be as little more than a part of the United States | question: When was the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement enacted?, answer: 1988 | question: When was the Charlottetown Accord signed?, answer: 1992 | question: When did the Clarity Act go into effect?, answer: 1999
In Canada, the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary was founded in 1729, making it the first police force in present-day Canada. It was followed in 1834 by the Toronto Police, and in 1838 by police forces in Montreal and Quebec City. A national force, the Dominion Police, was founded in 1868. Initially the Dominion Police provided security for parliament, but its responsibilities quickly grew. The famous Royal Northwest Mounted Police was founded in 1873. The merger of these two police forces in 1920 formed the world-famous Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

question: When did Canada get its first police?, answer: 1729 | question: What was Canada's first police force?, answer: Royal Newfoundland Constabulary | question: When was the Toronto police created?, answer: 1834 | question: When was the Montreal police created?, answer: 1838 | question: When were the first Mounties created?, answer: 1873
In Canada, the Supreme Court of Canada was established in 1875 but only became the highest court in the country in 1949 when the right of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council was abolished. This court hears appeals of decisions made by courts of appeal from the provinces and territories and appeals of decisions made by the Federal Court of Appeal. The court's decisions are final and binding on the federal courts and the courts from all provinces and territories. The title "Supreme" can be confusing because, for example, The Supreme Court of British Columbia does not have the final say and controversial cases heard there often get appealed in higher courts - it is in fact one of the lower courts in such a process.

question: When was Canada's Supreme Court first established?, answer: 1875 | question: Canada's Supreme Court didn't actually become that country's highest court until when?, answer: 1949 | question: If a provincial case is appealed, how is the Supreme Court's decision applied?, answer: The court's decisions are final and binding | question: Before 1949, Supreme Court decisions in Canada could be appealed to what body?, answer: the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
In Canada, the largest Presbyterian denomination – and indeed the largest Protestant denomination – was the Presbyterian Church in Canada, formed in 1875 with the merger of four regional groups. In 1925, the United Church of Canada was formed by the majority of Presbyterians combining with the Methodist Church, Canada, and the Congregational Union of Canada. A sizable minority of Canadian Presbyterians, primarily in southern Ontario but also throughout the entire nation, withdrew, and reconstituted themselves as a non-concurring continuing Presbyterian body. They regained use of the original name in 1939.

question: What is the largest Presbyterian church denomination in Canada?, answer: Presbyterian Church in Canada | question: In what year was the United Church of Canada formed?, answer: 1925 | question: When was the Presbyterian Church in Canada formed?, answer: 1875
In Canada, the term "football" may refer to Canadian football and American football collectively, or to either sport specifically, depending on context. The two sports have shared origins and are closely related but have significant differences. In particular, Canadian football has 12 players on the field per team rather than 11; the field is roughly 10 yards wider, and 10 yards longer between end-zones that are themselves 10 yards deeper; and a team has only three downs to gain 10 yards, which results in less offensive rushing than in the American game. In the Canadian game all players on the defending team, when a down begins, must be at least 1 yard from the line of scrimmage. (The American game has a similar "neutral zone" but it is only the length of the football.)

question: Which North American version of football calls for 12 player per side on the field?, answer: Canadian | question: How many yards wider is a Canadian football field than an American football field?, answer: 10 | question: Which version of North American football has smaller end zones?, answer: American | question: How many downs does a team have to advance ten yards in Canadian football?, answer: three | question: How far away from the line of scrimmage must Canadian football defenders be?, answer: 1 yard
In Canada, the traditional ceremony for granting assent in parliament was regularly used until the 21st century, long after it had been discontinued in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms. One result, conceived as part of a string of royal duties intended to demonstrate Canada's status as an independent kingdom, was that King George VI personally assented to nine bills of the Canadian parliament during the 1939 royal tour of Canada—85 years after his great-grandmother, Queen Victoria, had last granted royal assent personally in the United Kingdom. Under the Royal Assent Act 2002, however, the alternative practice of granting assent in writing, with each house being notified separately ( the Speaker of the Senate or a representative reads to the senators the letters from the governor general regarding the written declaration of Royal Assent), was brought into force. As the act also provides, royal assent is to be signified—by the governor general, or, more often, by a deputy, usually a Justice of the Supreme Court, at least twice each calendar year: for the first appropriation measure and for at least one other act, usually the first non-appropriation measure passed. However, the act provides that a grant of royal assent is not rendered invalid by a failure to employ the traditional ceremony where required.

question: When did Canada finally cease to use the traditional ceremony for granting assent as regular practice?, answer: the 21st century | question: Why was King George VI's personal assent in 1939 noteworthy?, answer: 85 years after his great-grandmother, Queen Victoria, had last granted royal assent personally | question: With what bill in Canada did granting assent by writing become effective?, answer: Royal Assent Act 2002
In Catalonia people dress in masks and costume (often in themed groups) and organize a week-long series of parties, pranks, outlandish activities such as bed races, street dramas satirizing public figures and raucous processions to welcome the arrival of Sa Majestat el Rei Carnestoltes (His Majesty King Carnival), known by various titles, including el Rei dels poca-soltes (King of the Crackpots), Princep etern de Cornudella (Eternal Prince of Cuckoldry), Duc de ximples i corrumputs (Duke of Fools and the Corrupt), Marquès de la bona mamella (Marquis of the lovely breast), Comte de tots els barruts (Count of the Insolent), Baró de les Calaverades (Baron of Nocturnal Debaucheries), and Senyor de l'alt Plàtan florit, dels barraquers i gamberrades i artista d'honor dalt del llit (Lord of the Tall Banana in Bloom, of the Voyeurs and Punks and the Artist of Honor upon the Bed).

question: Where do people dress in masks and costume?, answer: Catalonia | question: What are raced as part of the festivities?, answer: bed | question: What is Cantalonian for Eternal Prince of Cuckoldry?, answer: Princep etern de Cornudella | question: Who has a lovely breast?, answer: Marquès | question: Who is upon the bed?, answer: the Artist of Honor
In Central Africa, Ndembu warriors rub themselves with red paint during celebrations. Since their culture sees the color as a symbol of life and health, sick people are also painted with it. Like most Central African cultures, the Ndembu see red as ambivalent, better than black but not as good as white. In other parts of Africa, however, red is a color of mourning, representing death. Because red bears are associated with death in many parts of Africa, the Red Cross has changed its colors to green and white in parts of the continent.

question: What central African warriors are said to cover themselves in red for celebrations?, answer: Ndembu warriors | question: What does the Ndembu culture believe red symbolizes?, answer: life and health | question: What color do the Ndembu believe is better than red?, answer: white | question: What alternative colors does the Red Cross use in certain parts of Africa?, answer: green and white
In Central Catalan, unstressed vowels reduce to three: /a e ɛ/ > [ə]; /o ɔ u/ > [u]; /i/ remains distinct. The other dialects have different vowel reduction processes (see the section pronunciation of dialects in this article).

question: How many reduced unstressed are vowels are there in Central Catalan?, answer: three | question: What vowel stays distinct?, answer: /i/ | question: What kind of vowel processes do other dialects have?, answer: different | question: Where do unstressed vowels reduce to three?, answer: In Central Catalan | question: Where do you find dialectic vowel reductions?, answer: section pronunciation
In Chapter II, Darwin specifies that the distinction between species and varieties is arbitrary, with experts disagreeing and changing their decisions when new forms were found. He concludes that "a well-marked variety may be justly called an incipient species" and that "species are only strongly marked and permanent varieties". He argues for the ubiquity of variation in nature. Historians have noted that naturalists had long been aware that the individuals of a species differed from one another, but had generally considered such variations to be limited and unimportant deviations from the archetype of each species, that archetype being a fixed ideal in the mind of God. Darwin and Wallace made variation among individuals of the same species central to understanding the natural world.

question: What does Darwin believe about the differences between species and varieties?, answer: is arbitrary | question: What does Darwin theorize about different species with regard to variety?, answer: "species are only strongly marked and permanent varieties" | question: What did Darwin and Wallace make central to understanding the natural world?, answer: variation among individuals of the same species | question: What did Darwin say that a "well marked variety" could be called?, answer: incipient species" | question: What did historians say that naturalists generally thought about the differences in variations in a species?, answer: generally considered such variations to be limited and unimportant deviations from the archetype of each species
In Charleston, the African American population increased as freedmen moved from rural areas to the major city: from 17,000 in 1860 to over 27,000 in 1880. Historian Eric Foner noted that blacks were glad to be relieved of the many regulations of slavery and to operate outside of white surveillance. Among other changes, most blacks quickly left the Southern Baptist Church, setting up their own black Baptist congregations or joining new African Methodist Episcopal Church and AME Zion churches, both independent black denominations first established in the North. Freedmen "acquired dogs, guns, and liquor (all barred to them under slavery), and refused to yield the sidewalks to whites".

question: Black left which religious denomination is great numbers after slavery?, answer: Southern Baptist Church | question: How many African Americans lived in Charleston in 1860?, answer: 17,000 | question: What barred product ,along with dogs and guns , did the Freemen want after slavery ended?, answer: liquor | question: How many African American lived in Charleston in 1880?, answer: 27,000 | question: AME Zion Churches were first established in what part of America?, answer: the North
In China, Yellow Emperor is regarded as the humanistic primogenitor.[citation needed] Sage kings such as Yao and Shun are humanistic figures as recorded.[citation needed] King Wu of Zhou has the famous saying: "Humanity is the Ling (efficacious essence) of the world (among all)." Among them Duke of Zhou, respected as a founder of Rujia (Confucianism), is especially prominent and pioneering in humanistic thought. His words were recorded in the Book of History as follows (translation):[citation needed]

question: Who was known as being a founder of humanism thought in China?, answer: Yellow Emperor | question: What early adopter and developer of is associated with Confucianism?, answer: Duke of Zhou | question: What early adopter and developer of is associated with Confucianism?, answer: Book of History | question: Who is known for the thought that humanity is the most important thing in the world?, answer: Wu of Zhou
In China, red (simplified Chinese: 红; traditional Chinese: 紅; pinyin: hóng) is the symbol of fire and the south (both south in general and Southern China specifically). It carries a largely positive connotation, being associated with courage, loyalty, honor, success, fortune, fertility, happiness, passion, and summer. In Chinese cultural traditions, red is associated with weddings (where brides traditionally wear red dresses) and red paper is frequently used to wrap gifts of money or other objects. Special red packets (simplified Chinese: 红包; traditional Chinese: 紅包; pinyin: hóng bāo in Mandarin or lai see in Cantonese) are specifically used during Chinese New Year celebrations for giving monetary gifts. On the more negative side, obituaries are traditionally written in red ink, and to write someone's name in red signals either cutting them out of one's life, or that they have died. Red is also associated with either the feminine or the masculine (yin and yang respectively), depending on the source. The Little Red Book, a collection of quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, founding father of the People's Republic of China (PRC), was published in 1966 and widely distributed thereafter.

question: Which cardinal direction is signified by red in China?, answer: south | question: What season is red identified with in China?, answer: summer | question: Red paper is used to wrap gifts of money during what special celebration in China?, answer: Chinese New Year | question: Who wrote the Little Red Book?, answer: Chairman Mao Tse-Tung | question: In what year was the Little Red Book published?, answer: 1966
In China, the war is officially called the "War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea" (simplified Chinese: 抗美援朝战争; traditional Chinese: 抗美援朝戰爭; pinyin: Kàngměiyuáncháo zhànzhēng), although the term "Chaoxian (Korean) War" (simplified Chinese: 朝鲜战争; traditional Chinese: 朝鮮戰爭; pinyin: Cháoxiǎn zhànzhēng) is also used in unofficial contexts, along with the term "Korean Conflict" (simplified Chinese: 韩战; traditional Chinese: 韓戰; pinyin: Hán Zhàn) more commonly used in regions such as Hong Kong and Macau.

question: In, China what is the war officially called?, answer: War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea | question: What did Macau and Hong Kong call the Korean War?, answer: Korean Conflict | question: When is the term 'Chaoxian War' used as a name for the Korean War?, answer: unofficial contexts
In China, urbanization increased as the population grew and as the division of labor grew more complex. Large urban centers, such as Nanjing and Beijing, also contributed to the growth of private industry. In particular, small-scale industries grew up, often specializing in paper, silk, cotton, and porcelain goods. For the most part, however, relatively small urban centers with markets proliferated around the country. Town markets mainly traded food, with some necessary manufactures such as pins or oil. Despite the xenophobia and intellectual introspection characteristic of the increasingly popular new school of neo-Confucianism, China under the early Ming dynasty was not isolated. Foreign trade and other contacts with the outside world, particularly Japan, increased considerably. Chinese merchants explored all of the Indian Ocean, reaching East Africa with the treasure voyages of Zheng He.

question: Name one of the reasons urbanization grew in China., answer: population grew | question: What did Nanjing and Beijing contribute to?, answer: growth of private industry | question: What are Nanjing and Beijing?, answer: Large urban centers | question: Under what rule was China not isolated?, answer: the early Ming dynasty | question: During The Early MIng Dynasty Chinese merchants explored all of what?, answer: Indian Ocean | question: What caused urbanization to increase in China?, answer: the population grew | question: Where did Chinese merchants explore?, answer: all of the Indian Ocean
In China, which uses simplified Chinese characters, the Xiàndài Hànyǔ Chángyòng Zìbiǎo (现代汉语常用字表, Chart of Common Characters of Modern Chinese) lists 2,500 common characters and 1,000 less-than-common characters, while the Xiàndài Hànyǔ Tōngyòng Zìbiǎo (现代汉语通用字表, Chart of Generally Utilized Characters of Modern Chinese) lists 7,000 characters, including the 3,500 characters already listed above. GB2312, an early version of the national encoding standard used in the People's Republic of China, has 6,763 code points. GB18030, the modern, mandatory standard, has a much higher number. The New Hànyǔ Shuǐpíng Kǎoshì (汉语水平考试, Chinese Proficiency Test) covers approximately 2,600 characters at its highest level (level six).

question: What country uses simplified Chinese characters?, answer: China | question: What lists 2,500 common characters?, answer: Chart of Common Characters of Modern Chinese | question: What is an early version of the national encoding standard used in the people's public of China?, answer: GB2312