lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although the inclusion of cognitive appraisal as one of the elements is slightly controversial, since some theorists make the assumption that emotion and cognition are separate but interacting systems, the component processing model provides a sequence of events that effectively describes the coordination involved during an emotional episode.

question: What model of emotion was developed by Scherer?, answer: components processing model | question: How many important emotional elements are present in the components processing model?, answer: five | question: What processes drive the other components processing model processes?, answer: appraisal
In September 1216 John began a fresh, vigorous attack. He marched from the Cotswolds, feigned an offensive to relieve the besieged Windsor Castle, and attacked eastwards around London to Cambridge to separate the rebel-held areas of Lincolnshire and East Anglia. From there he travelled north to relieve the rebel siege at Lincoln and back east to King's Lynn, probably to order further supplies from the continent.[nb 17] In King's Lynn, John contracted dysentery, which would ultimately prove fatal. Meanwhile, Alexander II invaded northern England again, taking Carlisle in August and then marching south to give homage to Prince Louis for his English possessions; John narrowly missed intercepting Alexander along the way. Tensions between Louis and the English barons began to increase, prompting a wave of desertions, including William Marshal's son William and William Longespée, who both returned to John's faction.

question: When did John begin a fresh, vigorous attack?, answer: September 1216 | question: Where did John march from?, answer: Cotswolds | question: Where did John contract dysentery?, answer: King's Lynn | question: Who invaded northern England?, answer: Alexander II
In September 1695, Captain Henry Every, an English pirate on board the Fancy, reached the Straits of Bab-el-Mandeb, where he teamed up with five other pirate captains to make an attack on the Indian fleet making the annual voyage to Mocha. The Mughal convoy included the treasure-laden Ganj-i-Sawai, reported to be the greatest in the Mughal fleet and the largest ship operational in the Indian Ocean, and its escort, the Fateh Muhammed. They were spotted passing the straits en route to Surat. The pirates gave chase and caught up with Fateh Muhammed some days later, and meeting little resistance, took some £50,000 to £60,000 worth of treasure.

question: How much treasure was taken by pirates?, answer: £50,000 to £60,000 | question: waht was the name of largest ship operating in the Indian ocean?, answer: Ganj-i-Sawai, | question: how often did the Indian fleet voyage to Mocha?, answer: annual | question: What type of Captain was Henry Every?, answer: English pirate | question: What was the name of the Pirate on board the Fancy who later teamed up with five other pirate captiains to attack the Indian Fleet?, answer: Captain Henry Every | question: When did Captain Henry Every attack the Indian Fleet, answer: 1695 | question: Where was the indian Fleet headed when they were attacked by Captain Every, answer: Mocha | question: What was reportly the largest ship in the Mughal Convoy in the Indian Fleet?, answer: Ganj-i-Sawai
In September 1939, Britain and the self-governing Dominions, but not Ireland, declared war on Nazi Germany. George VI and his wife resolved to stay in London, despite German bombing raids. They officially stayed in Buckingham Palace throughout the war, although they usually spent nights at Windsor Castle. The first German raid on London, on 7 September 1940, killed about one thousand civilians, mostly in the East End. On 13 September, the King and Queen narrowly avoided death when two German bombs exploded in a courtyard at Buckingham Palace while they were there. In defiance, the Queen famously declared: "I am glad we have been bombed. It makes me feel we can look the East End in the face". The royal family were portrayed as sharing the same dangers and deprivations as the rest of the country. They were subject to rationing restrictions, and U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt remarked on the rationed food served and the limited bathwater that was permitted during a stay at the unheated and boarded-up Palace. In August 1942, the King's brother, Prince George, Duke of Kent, was killed on active service.

question: Against who did Britain declare war against in 1939?, answer: Nazi Germany | question: Which city did the king and queen stay in even with the bombing threats?, answer: London | question: How many people died on the first German raid on London?, answer: one thousand civilians | question: What year did the King's brother die in service?, answer: 1942
In September 1939, Britain entered the Second World War, which lasted until 1945. During the war, many of London's children were evacuated to avoid the frequent aerial bombing. The suggestion by senior politician Lord Hailsham that the two princesses should be evacuated to Canada was rejected by Elizabeth's mother, who declared, "The children won't go without me. I won't leave without the King. And the King will never leave." Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret stayed at Balmoral Castle, Scotland, until Christmas 1939, when they moved to Sandringham House, Norfolk. From February to May 1940, they lived at Royal Lodge, Windsor, until moving to Windsor Castle, where they lived for most of the next five years. At Windsor, the princesses staged pantomimes at Christmas in aid of the Queen's Wool Fund, which bought yarn to knit into military garments. In 1940, the 14-year-old Elizabeth made her first radio broadcast during the BBC's Children's Hour, addressing other children who had been evacuated from the cities. She stated: "We are trying to do all we can to help our gallant sailors, soldiers and airmen, and we are trying, too, to bear our share of the danger and sadness of war. We know, every one of us, that in the end all will be well."

question: When did Britain enter WWII?, answer: September 1939 | question: Who recommended that the two princesses be evacuated to Canada?, answer: Lord Hailsham | question: Who rejected the idea of sending the princesses away?, answer: Elizabeth's mother | question: Where did the two princesses live for most of the war?, answer: Windsor Castle | question: When did Elizabeth make her first radio broadcast?, answer: 1940
In September 1940 the first Alsatian resistance movement led by Marcel Weinum called La main noire (The black hand) was created. It was composed by a group of 25 young men aged from 14 to 18 years old who led several attacks against the German occupation. The actions culminated with the attack of the Gauleiter Robert Wagner, the highest commander of Alsace directly under the order of Hitler. In March 1942, Marcel Weinum was prosecuted by the Gestapo and sentenced to be beheaded at the age of 18 in April 1942 in Stuttgart, Germany. His last words will be: "If I have to die, I shall die but with a pure heart". From 1943 the city was bombarded by Allied aircraft. While the First World War had not notably damaged the city, Anglo-American bombing caused extensive destruction in raids of which at least one was allegedly carried out by mistake. In August 1944, several buildings in the Old Town were damaged by bombs, particularly the Palais Rohan, the Old Customs House (Ancienne Douane) and the Cathedral. On 23 November 1944, the city was officially liberated by the 2nd French Armoured Division under General Leclerc. He achieved the oath that he made with his soldiers, after the decisive Capture of Kufra. With the Oath of Kuffra, they swore to keep up the fight until the French flag flew over the Cathedral of Strasbourg.

question: Who led the first Alsatian resistance movement?, answer: Marcel Weinum | question: Who was the highest commander that is under Hitler?, answer: Gauleiter Robert Wagner | question: How was Marcel Weinum executed?, answer: beheaded | question: What was the city attacked by in 1943?, answer: Allied aircraft | question: On what date was the city liberated?, answer: 23 November 1944
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military alliance with Germany and Italy, becoming one of the three Axis Powers. In practice, there was little coordination between Japan and Germany until 1944, by which time the U.S. was deciphering their secret diplomatic correspondence.

question: Who controled Indochina in 1940?, answer: Vichy France | question: Who were the Axis Powers along with Japan in 1940?, answer: Germany and Italy | question: When did Japan invade Indochina?, answer: September 1940 | question: Did Japan and Germany work closely together prior to 1944?, answer: little coordination | question: When did Japan take over Indochina?, answer: September 1940 | question: Who controlled Indochina before the Japanese takeover?, answer: Vichy France | question: When did Japan become an Axis power?, answer: 27 September | question: How much coordination was there between Japan and Germany?, answer: little | question: How many nations comprised the Axis powers?, answer: three
In September 1940, during the Second World War, pro-Gaullist French officers took control of Ubangi-Shari and General Leclerc established his headquarters for the Free French Forces in Bangui. In 1946 Barthélémy Boganda was elected with 9,000 votes to the French National Assembly, becoming the first representative for CAR in the French government. Boganda maintained a political stance against racism and the colonial regime but gradually became disheartened with the French political system and returned to CAR to establish the Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa (MESAN) in 1950.

question: During what war did French officers setup headquarters in CAR?, answer: Second World War | question: Who was elected in 1946 as the first representative?, answer: Barthélémy Boganda | question: How many votes did Boganda get?, answer: 9,000 votes | question: What was Bogandas platform that he ran for?, answer: political stance against racism | question: What caused Boganda to leave his elected post?, answer: disheartened with the French political system
In September 1941, through the "Action Lauterbacher" plan, a ghettoisation of the remaining Hanoverian Jewish families began. Even before the Wannsee Conference, on 15 December 1941, the first Jews from Hanover were deported to Riga. A total of 2,400 people were deported, and very few survived. During the war seven concentration camps were constructed in Hanover, in which many Jews were confined. Of the approximately 4,800 Jews who had lived in Hannover in 1938, fewer than 100 were still in the city when troops of the United States Army arrived on 10 April 1945 to occupy Hanover at the end of the war.[citation needed] Today, a memorial at the Opera Square is a reminder of the persecution of the Jews in Hanover. After the war a large group of Orthodox Jewish survivors of the nearby Bergen-Belsen concentration camp settled in Hanover.

question: What plan was implemented in September 1941?, answer: Action Lauterbacher | question: Which portion of the population underwent ghettoisation?, answer: Hanoverian Jewish families | question: What occured on the 15th of December 1941?, answer: Wannsee Conference | question: How many Jews approximately lived in Hanover in 1938?, answer: 4,800 | question: How many concentration camps were constructed in Hanover?, answer: seven
In September 1961, while working at Texas Instruments in Dallas, Texas, James R. Biard and Gary Pittman discovered near-infrared (900 nm) light emission from a tunnel diode they had constructed on a GaAs substrate. By October 1961, they had demonstrated efficient light emission and signal coupling between a GaAs p-n junction light emitter and an electrically-isolated semiconductor photodetector. On August 8, 1962, Biard and Pittman filed a patent titled "Semiconductor Radiant Diode" based on their findings, which described a zinc diffused p–n junction LED with a spaced cathode contact to allow for efficient emission of infrared light under forward bias. After establishing the priority of their work based on engineering notebooks predating submissions from G.E. Labs, RCA Research Labs, IBM Research Labs, Bell Labs, and Lincoln Lab at MIT, the U.S. patent office issued the two inventors the patent for the GaAs infrared (IR) light-emitting diode (U.S. Patent US3293513), the first practical LED. Immediately after filing the patent, Texas Instruments (TI) began a project to manufacture infrared diodes. In October 1962, TI announced the first LED commercial product (the SNX-100), which employed a pure GaAs crystal to emit a 890 nm light output. In October 1963, TI announced the first commercial hemispherical LED, the SNX-110.

question: In what state what near-infrared light emission discovered?, answer: Texas | question: What type of diode was used to help discover near-infrared light emission?, answer: tunnel | question: In what year was the patent filed for the Semiconductor Radiant Diode?, answer: 1962 | question: What was the first practical LED?, answer: GaAs infrared (IR) light-emitting diode | question: The two inventors of the first practical diode were employed by what famous company?, answer: Texas Instruments (TI)
In September 1975, Gaddafi purged the army, arresting around 200 senior officers, and in October he founded the clandestine Office for the Security of the Revolution. In 1976, student demonstrations broke out in Tripoli and Benghazi, and were attacked by police and Gaddafist students. The RCC responded with mass arrests, and introduced compulsory national service for young people. Dissent also arose from conservative clerics and the Muslim Brotherhood, who were persecuted as anti-revolutionary. In January 1977, two dissenting students and a number of army officers were publicly hanged; Amnesty International condemned it as the first time in Gaddafist Libya that dissenters had been executed for purely political crimes.

question: In what year was the Office for the Security of the Revolution founded?, answer: 1975 | question: In what year did student protests occur in Benghazi?, answer: 1976 | question: How many senior officers were expelled fro the army in 1975?, answer: 200 | question: How many students were executed in January of 1977?, answer: two | question: Who criticized the political execution of students and military officers that occurred in January 1977?, answer: Amnesty International
In September 1982, Prime minister Margaret Thatcher travelled to Beijing to negotiate with the Chinese government on the future of Britain's last major and most populous overseas territory, Hong Kong. Under the terms of the 1842 Treaty of Nanking, Hong Kong Island itself had been ceded to Britain in perpetuity, but the vast majority of the colony was constituted by the New Territories, which had been acquired under a 99-year lease in 1898, due to expire in 1997. Thatcher, seeing parallels with the Falkland Islands, initially wished to hold Hong Kong and proposed British administration with Chinese sovereignty, though this was rejected by China. A deal was reached in 1984—under the terms of the Sino-British Joint Declaration, Hong Kong would become a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, maintaining its way of life for at least 50 years. The handover ceremony in 1997 marked for many, including Charles, Prince of Wales, who was in attendance, "the end of Empire".

question: Who was the British Prime Minister in 1982?, answer: Margaret Thatcher | question: Which treaty had given Hong Kong to Britain?, answer: Treaty of Nanking | question: When did Britain hand over Hong Kong to China?, answer: 1997 | question: When was the Sino-British Joint Declaration?, answer: 1984 | question: Which territory did Margaret Thatcher compare Hong Kong to?, answer: Falkland Islands
In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show with David Letterman, using profanity that required censorship on television, and handing Letterman a pair of her panties and asking him to smell it. The releases of her sexually explicit films, albums and book, and the aggressive appearance on Letterman all made critics question Madonna as a sexual renegade. Critics and fans reacted negatively, who commented that "she had gone too far" and that her career was over.

question: When was The Girlie Show World Tour?, answer: September 1993 | question: What was Madonna dressed in for the tour?, answer: whip-cracking dominatrix | question: In which country did Madonna rubbed the country's flag between her thighs that anger the public?, answer: Puerto Rico | question: What did Madonna give to Letterman to smell in his late night show that created an uproar?, answer: a pair of her panties | question: What did the critics call Madonna after the Letterman show?, answer: a sexual renegade
In September 1997, during the process of revision of racial categories previously declared by OMB directive no. 15, the American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommended that OMB combine the "race" and "ethnicity" categories into one question to appear as "race/ethnicity" for the 2000 US Census. The Interagency Committee agreed, stating that "race" and "ethnicity" were not sufficiently defined and "that many respondents conceptualize 'race' and 'ethnicity' as one in the same [sic] underscor[ing] the need to consolidate these terms into one category, using a term that is more meaningful to the American people."

question: What organization recommended that race and ethnicity categories be combined into one question for the 2000 US census?, answer: the American Anthropological Association | question: In what year are or racial categories first revised for the 2000 U.S. Census?, answer: 1997 | question: Prior to 1997, where were racial categories declared for the U.S. Census?, answer: OMB directive no. 15 | question: How did racial categories appear in the US 2000 census?, answer: race/ethnicity
In September 1998, the Fraunhofer Institute sent a letter to several developers of MP3 software stating that a license was required to "distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders". The letter claimed that unlicensed products "infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson. To make, sell and/or distribute products using the [MPEG Layer-3] standard and thus our patents, you need to obtain a license under these patents from us."

question: When did the Fraunhofer institute send out a letter?, answer: September 1998 | question: What did the letter claim would be required to distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders?, answer: a license | question: What does selling unlicensed products mean that the seller is doing?, answer: infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson | question: What can products not use if they want to avoid infringing on patent rights?, answer: the [MPEG Layer-3] standard
In September 2003, China intended to join the European Galileo positioning system project and was to invest €230 million (USD296 million, GBP160 million) in Galileo over the next few years. At the time, it was believed that China's "BeiDou" navigation system would then only be used by its armed forces. In October 2004, China officially joined the Galileo project by signing the Agreement on the Cooperation in the Galileo Program between the "Galileo Joint Undertaking" (GJU) and the "National Remote Sensing Centre of China" (NRSCC). Based on the Sino-European Cooperation Agreement on Galileo program, China Galileo Industries (CGI), the prime contractor of the China’s involvement in Galileo programs, was founded in December 2004. By April 2006, eleven cooperation projects within the Galileo framework had been signed between China and EU. However, the Hong Kong-based South China Morning Post reported in January 2008 that China was unsatisfied with its role in the Galileo project and was to compete with Galileo in the Asian market.

question: How much was China going to invest in the European Galileo positioning system project?, answer: €230 million (USD296 million, GBP160 million) | question: In 2003, what was the planned purpose of the BeiDou navigation system?, answer: only be used by its armed forces | question: When did China join the Galileo project?, answer: October 2004 | question: When was China Galileo Industries (CGI) founded?, answer: December 2004 | question: Who said in 2008 that China was unsatisfied with its involvement in the Galileo project?, answer: the Hong Kong-based South China Morning Post
In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and caused widespread unrest.

question: When was a military coup conducted?, answer: September 2003 | question: Who did the military arrest?, answer: Ialá | question: When were legislative elections held?, answer: March 2004 | question: When did the mutiny of military factions occur?, answer: October 2004 | question: Who died in the mutiny?, answer: the head of the armed forces
In September 2003, a new type of blue LED was demonstrated by Cree that consumes 24 mW at 20 milliamperes (mA). This produced a commercially packaged white light giving 65 lm/W at 20 mA, becoming the brightest white LED commercially available at the time, and more than four times as efficient as standard incandescents. In 2006, they demonstrated a prototype with a record white LED luminous efficacy of 131 lm/W at 20 mA. Nichia Corporation has developed a white LED with luminous efficacy of 150 lm/W at a forward current of 20 mA. Cree's XLamp XM-L LEDs, commercially available in 2011, produce 100 lm/W at their full power of 10 W, and up to 160 lm/W at around 2 W input power. In 2012, Cree announced a white LED giving 254 lm/W, and 303 lm/W in March 2014. Practical general lighting needs high-power LEDs, of one watt or more. Typical operating currents for such devices begin at 350 mA.

question: In what year was a new type of blue LED produced?, answer: 2003 | question: Who demonstrated in 2003 the new type of blue LED?, answer: Cree | question: How much more efficient as standard incandescents was the white LED commercially available in 2003?, answer: four times | question: What is the typical operating current for high-power LEDs?, answer: 350 mA