lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Because of its limited land area, Bermuda has had difficulty with over-population. In the first two centuries of settlement, it relied on steady human emigration to keep the population manageable.[citation needed] Before the American Revolution more than ten thousand Bermudians (over half of the total population through the years) gradually emigrated, primarily to the Southern United States. As Great Britain displaced Spain as the dominant European imperial power, it opened up more land for colonial development. A steady trickle of outward migration continued. With seafaring the only real industry in the early decades, by the end of the 18th century, at least a third of the island's manpower was at sea at any one time.

question: What is a major reason that Bermuda has problems with overpopulation?, answer: limited land area, | question: What does Bermuda rely on to counteract overpopulation?, answer: steady human emigration | question: Where did a large number of Bermudians emigrate to before the American Revolution?, answer: the Southern United States | question: Why does a third of the population spend time at sea?, answer: seafaring the only real industry
Because of its location in South Jersey, hugging the Atlantic Ocean between marshlands and islands, Atlantic City was viewed by developers as prime real estate and a potential resort town. In 1853, the first commercial hotel, The Belloe House, located at Massachusetts and Atlantic Avenue, was built.

question: What is the name of the first commercial hotel built in Atlantic City?, answer: The Belloe House | question: In what year was the first commercial hotel built in Atlantic City?, answer: 1853 | question: What are the names of the two avenues at which The Belloe House is located?, answer: Massachusetts and Atlantic Avenue | question: What are the two geographical features that Atlantic City is located between?, answer: marshlands and islands | question: What were the two potential aspects of Atlantic City that originally attracted developers?, answer: prime real estate and a potential resort town
Because of its neutrality, Yugoslavia would often be rare among Communist countries to have diplomatic relations with right-wing, anti-Communist governments. For example, Yugoslavia was the only communist country allowed to have an embassy in Alfredo Stroessner's Paraguay. One notable exception to Yugoslavia's neutral stance toward anti-communist countries was Chile under Pinochet; Yugoslavia was one of many countries which severed diplomatic relations with Chile after Salvador Allende was overthrown. Yugoslavia also provided military aid and arms supplies to staunchly anti-Communist regimes such as that of Guatemala under Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García.

question: What was the only Communist country allowed to have an embassy in Stroessner's Paraguay?, answer: Yugoslavia | question: Yugoslavia was the only communist country to have an embassy where?, answer: Alfredo Stroessner's Paraguay | question: Pinochet ruled what country?, answer: Chile | question: Who did Pinochet overthrow?, answer: Allende | question: What country did Kjell Eugenio Laugerud Garcia lead?, answer: Guatemala
Because of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its own vocabulary. In addition, it contains many words from Nahuatl, the language spoken by the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. New Mexican Spanish also contains loan words from the Pueblo languages of the upper Rio Grande Valley, Mexican-Spanish words (mexicanismos), and borrowings from English. Grammatical changes include the loss of the second person verb form, changes in verb endings, particularly in the preterite, and partial merging of the second and third conjugations.

question: Why is New Mexico always an after thought in American -Spanish speaking society?, answer: Because of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence | question: Is New Mexico's language different than from other Spanish dialect, answer: , New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish | question: How does New Mexico's Spanish dialect differ?, answer: has developed its own vocabulary. In addition, it contains many words from Nahuatl, the language spoken by the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. | question: Does New Mexico's language also include other dialect?, answer: New Mexican Spanish also contains loan words from the Pueblo languages of the upper Rio Grande Valley, Mexican-Spanish words (mexicanismos) | question: Does New Mexico also use language from the American language when spoken in Spanish?, answer: borrowings from English. Grammatical changes include the loss of the second person verb form, changes in verb endings
Because of its simple atomic structure, consisting only of a proton and an electron, the hydrogen atom, together with the spectrum of light produced from it or absorbed by it, has been central to the development of the theory of atomic structure. Furthermore, the corresponding simplicity of the hydrogen molecule and the corresponding cation H+ 2 allowed fuller understanding of the nature of the chemical bond, which followed shortly after the quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom had been developed in the mid-1920s.

question: What is the hydrogen atom made up of?, answer: a proton and an electron | question: What theory is the hydrogen atom a big part of?, answer: atomic structure | question: When was the quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom developed?, answer: 1920s
Because of many technical restrictions in computing and also because of the unavailability of Cyrillic keyboards abroad, Russian is often transliterated using the Latin alphabet. For example, мороз ('frost') is transliterated moroz, and мышь ('mouse'), mysh or myš'. Once commonly used by the majority of those living outside Russia, transliteration is being used less frequently by Russian-speaking typists in favor of the extension of Unicode character encoding, which fully incorporates the Russian alphabet. Free programs leveraging this Unicode extension are available which allow users to type Russian characters, even on Western 'QWERTY' keyboards.

question: What is 'moroz' a transliteration of?, answer: мороз | question: What is 'mysh' a transliteration of?, answer: мышь | question: What does 'moroz' mean?, answer: frost | question: What font technology has reduced the need for transliteration?, answer: Unicode character encoding, | question: What does 'mysh' mean?, answer: mouse
Because of space constraints, NARA opened a second facility, known informally as Archives II, in 1994 near the University of Maryland, College Park campus (8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001). Largely because of this proximity, NARA and the University of Maryland engage in cooperative initiatives. The College Park campus includes an archaeological site that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

question: What is the second facility of NARA named?, answer: Archives II | question: When was Archives II opened?, answer: 1994 | question: What college is Archives II closest to?, answer: University of Maryland | question: What college does NARA have cooperatives initiatives with?, answer: University of Maryland | question: What campus of University of Maryland is listed on the National Register of Historic Places?, answer: College Park campus
Because of the above issues, Nigeria's political parties are pan-national and secular in character (though this does not preclude the continuing preeminence of the dominant ethnicities). The major political parties at that time included the then ruling People's Democratic Party of Nigeria, which maintains 223 seats in the House and 76 in the Senate (61.9% and 69.7% respectively); the opposition formerly All Nigeria People's Party now All Progressives Congress has 96 House seats and 27 in the Senate (26.6% and 24.7%). About twenty minor opposition parties are registered.

question: How many seats does the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria have in the House?, answer: 223 | question: How many seats does the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria have in the Senate?, answer: 76 | question: How many seats does the All Progressives Congress have in the House?, answer: 96 | question: How many seats does the All Progressives Congress have in the Senate?, answer: 27 | question: How many minor opposition parties does Nigeria have?, answer: About twenty
Because of the acceptance of miscegenation, Brazil has avoided the binary polarization of society into black and white. In addition, it abolished slavery without a civil war. The bitter and sometimes violent racial tensions that have divided the US are notably absent in Brazil. According to the 2010 census, 6.7% of Brazilians said they were black, compared with 6.2% in 2000, and 43.1% said they were racially mixed, up from 38.5%. In 2010, Elio Ferreira de Araujo, Brazil's minister for racial equality, attributed the increases to growing pride among his country's black and indigenous communities.

question: What has Brazil avoided?, answer: the binary polarization of society into black and white | question: What is happened in the US that did not happen in Brazil when slavery ended?, answer: civil war | question: How do the US and Brazil vary after slavery has ended?, answer: violent racial tensions that have divided the US are notably absent in Brazil. | question: Who is the Brazilian Prime Minister for racial equality?, answer: Elio Ferreira de Araujo | question: Who is responsible for the growing pride in Brazilian communities?, answer: black and indigenous communities.
Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line of bricks embedded in the ground. The city is also home to several art museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. The Institute of Contemporary Art is housed in a contemporary building designed by Diller Scofidio + Renfro in the Seaport District. The University of Massachusetts Boston campus on Columbia Point houses the John F. Kennedy Library. The Boston Athenaeum (one of the oldest independent libraries in the United States), Boston Children's Museum, Bull & Finch Pub (whose building is known from the television show Cheers), Museum of Science, and the New England Aquarium are within the city.

question: What is preserved in the Boston national Historical Park?, answer: several historic sites | question: What is marked by a line of red bricks in the ground?, answer: the Freedom Trail | question: Where is the institute of contemporary Art located?, answer: in the Seaport District | question: What is one of the oldest libraries in the US?, answer: The Boston Athenaeum | question: Where is the New England Aquarium located?, answer: within the city
Because of the difficulty of moving crude bitumen through pipelines, non-upgraded bitumen is usually diluted with natural-gas condensate in a form called dilbit or with synthetic crude oil, called synbit. However, to meet international competition, much non-upgraded bitumen is now sold as a blend of multiple grades of bitumen, conventional crude oil, synthetic crude oil, and condensate in a standardized benchmark product such as Western Canadian Select. This sour, heavy crude oil blend is designed to have uniform refining characteristics to compete with internationally marketed heavy oils such as Mexican Mayan or Arabian Dubai Crude.

question: What is done to crude bitumen to promote its movement through pipelines?, answer: diluted | question: What is the natural gas condensate used to dilute bitumen?, answer: dilbit | question: What is the synthetic crude additive to bitumen called?, answer: synbit | question: What is the usually sold standard blend of bitumen and oils named?, answer: Western Canadian Select | question: In what uniform use was Western Canadian Select meant to excel?, answer: refining
Because of the distance of Neptune from Earth, its angular diameter only ranges from 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds, the smallest of the Solar System planets. Its small apparent size makes it challenging to study it visually. Most telescopic data was fairly limited until the advent of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and large ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics (AO). The first scientifically useful observation of Neptune from ground-based telescopes using adaptive optics, was commenced in 1997 from Hawaii. Neptune is currently entering its spring and summer season and has been shown to be heating up, with increased atmospheric activity and brightness as a consequence. Combined with technological advancements, ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics are recording increasingly more detailed images of this Outer Planet. Both the HST and AO telescopes on Earth has made many new discoveries within the Solar System since the mid-1990s, with a large increase in the number of known satellites and moons around the Outer Planets for example. In 2004 and 2005, five new small satellites of Neptune with diameters between 38 and 61 kilometres were discovered.

question: What is Neptune's angular diameter range?, answer: 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds | question: The advent of what telescope made it easier to study Neptune?, answer: Hubble Space Telescope | question: When was the first useful observation of Neptune from the ground?, answer: 1997 | question: What seasons are Neptune currently entering?, answer: spring and summer | question: What was discovered around Neptune in 2004 and 2005?, answer: five new small satellites
Because of the general instability of the federal government during 1828, the installation of the new legislature did not take place until the middle of the following year. It was quickly dissolved by Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz, who replaced it with a more pronounced Yorkino type. When Guerrero's liberal administration was overthrown in December, Gaspar de Ochoa aligned with Anastasio Bustamante, and in February 1830, organized an opposition group that arrested the new governor, F. Elorriaga, along with other prominent Yorkinos. He then summoned the legislature, which had been dissolved by Baca. The civil and military authorities were now headed by J. A. Pescador and Simón Ochoa.

question: During which year was the federal government unstable?, answer: 1828 | question: Who dissolved the government eventually?, answer: Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz | question: With which type of government did Ortiz replace the old one?, answer: Yorkino | question: Which new governor was arrested by Ochoa and Bustamente?, answer: F. Elorriaga | question: Who now headed the civil and military authorities?, answer: J. A. Pescador and Simón Ochoa
Because of the global economic recession that began in 2007, the GDP of Estonia decreased by 1.4% in the 2nd quarter of 2008, over 3% in the 3rd quarter of 2008, and over 9% in the 4th quarter of 2008. The Estonian government made a supplementary negative budget, which was passed by Riigikogu. The revenue of the budget was decreased for 2008 by EEK 6.1 billion and the expenditure by EEK 3.2 billion. In 2010, the economic situation stabilized and started a growth based on strong exports. In the fourth quarter of 2010, Estonian industrial output increased by 23% compared to the year before. The country has been experiencing economic growth ever since.

question: When did the global economic recession start?, answer: 2007 | question: What trend led to the decrease of Estonia's GDP?, answer: global economic recession | question: Who approved the supplementary negative budget drafted by the Estonian government?, answer: Riigikogu | question: What year did Estonia start their economic rise based on strong exports?, answer: 2010
Because of the great diversity found in animals, it is more economical for scientists to study a small number of chosen species so that connections can be drawn from their work and conclusions extrapolated about how animals function in general. Because they are easy to keep and breed, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have long been the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms, and were among the first life-forms to be genetically sequenced. This was facilitated by the severely reduced state of their genomes, but as many genes, introns, and linkages lost, these ecdysozoans can teach us little about the origins of animals in general. The extent of this type of evolution within the superphylum will be revealed by the crustacean, annelid, and molluscan genome projects currently in progress. Analysis of the starlet sea anemone genome has emphasised the importance of sponges, placozoans, and choanoflagellates, also being sequenced, in explaining the arrival of 1500 ancestral genes unique to the Eumetazoa.

question: Why is it more economical for scientists to study a small number of species?, answer: the great diversity found in animals | question: Which organisms were among the first life-forms to be genetically sequenced?, answer: fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans | question: Why are the fruit fly and the nematode the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms?, answer: they are easy to keep and breed | question: Analysis of what genome has emphasised the importance of sponges, placozoans, and choanoflagellates in explaining the arrival of 1500 ancestral genes unique to the Eumetazoa?, answer: starlet sea anemone
Because of the low elevation, the islands that make up this nation are vulnerable to the effects of tropical cyclones and by the threat of current and future sea level rise. The highest elevation is 4.6 metres (15 ft) above sea level on Niulakita, which gives Tuvalu the second-lowest maximum elevation of any country (after the Maldives). The highest elevations are typically in narrow storm dunes on the ocean side of the islands which are prone to overtopping in tropical cyclones, as occurred with Cyclone Bebe, which was a very early-season storm that passed through the Tuvaluan atolls in October 1972. Cyclone Bebe submerged Funafuti, eliminating 90% of structures on the island. Sources of drinking water were contaminated as a result of the system's storm surge and the flooding of the sources of fresh water.

question: What geological situation makes Tuvalu prone to storm damage?, answer: low elevation | question: To what climate change condition does Tuvalu's low elevation make it susceptible?, answer: sea level rise | question: What is the highest elevation on Tuvalu?, answer: 4.6 metres | question: Where on Tuvalu is the highest elevation?, answer: Niulakita | question: Where does Tuvalu rank among other countries as to lowest elevation?, answer: second-lowest
Because of the sudden loss of the New Orleans franchise, the league announced in October that the beginning of the free agency period would be delayed in order to accommodate a dispersal draft. Dates were eventually announced as December 2 for the dispersal draft and December 4 for free agency, but shortly before the draft the league issued a press release announcing the draft had been postponed one day to December 3. Shortly thereafter, another press release announced that the draft would be held on December 9 and free agency would commence on December 11. However, the draft still never took place, and instead another press release was issued stating that both the draft and free agency had been postponed indefinitely. Rumors began circulating that the league was in trouble and on the verge of folding, but owners denied those claims. It was soon revealed the players' union had agreed to cut the salary cap for the 2009 season to prevent a total cessation of operations. However, the announced Platinum Equity investment never materialized.

question: On what date was the dispersal draft first scheduled to occur?, answer: December 2 | question: To what date was the dispersal draft first delayed?, answer: December 3 | question: After the second delay, when was the dispersal draft schedule to occur?, answer: December 9 | question: When was free agency first scheduled to begin?, answer: December 4 | question: When was free agency scheduled to begin after the delay?, answer: December 11
Because of the vastness and diversity of the territory occupied by Slavic people, there were several centers of Slavic consolidation. In the 19th century, Pan-Slavism developed as a movement among intellectuals, scholars, and poets, but it rarely influenced practical politics and did not find support in some nations that had Slavic origins. Pan-Slavism became compromised when the Russian Empire started to use it as an ideology justifying its territorial conquests in Central Europe as well as subjugation of other ethnic groups of Slavic origins such as Poles and Ukrainians, and the ideology became associated with Russian imperialism. The common Slavic experience of communism combined with the repeated usage of the ideology by Soviet propaganda after World War II within the Eastern bloc (Warsaw Pact) was a forced high-level political and economic hegemony of the USSR dominated by Russians. A notable political union of the 20th century that covered most South Slavs was Yugoslavia, but it ultimately broke apart in the 1990s along with the Soviet Union.

question: When did Pan-Slavism develop as a movement?, answer: In the 19th century | question: Pan-Slavism became compromised when what empire started to use it as an ideology justifying its territorial conquests?, answer: Russian Empire | question: The Russian Empire used what as justification for its territorial conquests?, answer: Pan-Slavism | question: What notable political union of the 20th century covered most South Slavs?, answer: Yugoslavia | question: When did Yugoslavia break apart?, answer: 1990s
Because of their ability to quickly grow and the relative ease with which they can be manipulated, bacteria are the workhorses for the fields of molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry. By making mutations in bacterial DNA and examining the resulting phenotypes, scientists can determine the function of genes, enzymes and metabolic pathways in bacteria, then apply this knowledge to more complex organisms. This aim of understanding the biochemistry of a cell reaches its most complex expression in the synthesis of huge amounts of enzyme kinetic and gene expression data into mathematical models of entire organisms. This is achievable in some well-studied bacteria, with models of Escherichia coli metabolism now being produced and tested. This understanding of bacterial metabolism and genetics allows the use of biotechnology to bioengineer bacteria for the production of therapeutic proteins, such as insulin, growth factors, or antibodies.

question: What sciences use bacteria?, answer: molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry