lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Accounts of the use of leeches for the medically dubious practise of blood-letting have come from China around 30 AD, India around 200 AD, ancient Rome around 50 AD and later throughout Europe. In the 19th century medical demand for leeches was so high that some areas' stocks were exhausted and other regions imposed restrictions or bans on exports, and Hirudo medicinalis is treated as an endangered species by both IUCN and CITES. More recently leeches have been used to assist in microsurgery, and their saliva has provided anti-inflammatory compounds and several important anticoagulants, one of which also prevents tumors from spreading.

question: When did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?, answer: 30 AD | question: Where did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?, answer: China | question: When did Rome begin using leeches?, answer: 50 AD | question: When did India begin using leeches?, answer: 200 AD | question: Which organizations list Hirudo medicinalis as endangered?, answer: IUCN and CITES
Accurate present day child labour information is difficult to obtain because of disagreements between data sources as to what constitutes child labour. In some countries, government policy contributes to this difficulty. For example, the overall extent of child labour in China is unclear due to the government categorizing child labour data as “highly secret”. China has enacted regulations to prevent child labour; still, the practice of child labour is reported to be a persistent problem within China, generally in agriculture and low-skill service sectors as well as small workshops and manufacturing enterprises. In 2014, the U.S. Department of Labor issued a List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor where China was attributed 12 goods the majority of which were produced by both underage children and indentured labourers. The report listed electronics, garments, toys and coal among other goods.

question: Where is present day child labour stats unclear?, answer: China | question: When did the U.S. produce a list of goods primarily made by child labour in China?, answer: 2014 | question: What is the cause of diagreements in child labour numbers for present day?, answer: data sources | question: Chinese children have been known to make electronics, toys and what else?, answer: garments
Accusing the rebels of being "drugged" and linked to al-Qaeda, Gaddafi proclaimed that he would die a martyr rather than leave Libya. As he announced that the rebels would be "hunted down street by street, house by house and wardrobe by wardrobe", the army opened fire on protests in Benghazi, killing hundreds. Shocked at the government's response, a number of senior politicians resigned or defected to the protesters' side. The uprising spread quickly through Libya's less economically developed eastern half. By February's end, eastern cities like Benghazi, Misrata, al-Bayda and Tobruk were controlled by rebels, and the Benghazi-based National Transitional Council (NTC) had been founded to represent them.

question: Who did Gaddafi accuse the Libyan rebels of being linked to?, answer: al-Qaeda | question: How many protesters were killed in Benghazi?, answer: hundreds | question: What rebel organization was founded in Benghazi?, answer: National Transitional Council | question: Cities in what geographic part of Libya were controlled by rebels?, answer: eastern | question: Along with Benghazi and Misrata, what cities did the rebels control in February?, answer: al-Bayda and Tobruk
Acid house arose from Chicago artists' experiments with the squelchy Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer, and the style's origins on vinyl is generally cited as Phuture's "Acid Tracks" (1987). Phuture, a group founded by Nathan "DJ Pierre" Jones, Earl "Spanky" Smith Jr., and Herbert "Herb J" Jackson, is credited with having been the first to use the TB-303 in the house music context. The group's 12-minute "Acid Tracks" was recorded to tape and was played by DJ Ron Hardy at the Music Box, where Hardy was resident DJ. Hardy once played it four times over the course of an evening until the crowd responded favorably. The track also utilized a Roland TR-707 drum machine.

question: When was Phuture's "Acid Tracks" released?, answer: 1987 | question: Who founded the group Phuture?, answer: Nathan "DJ Pierre" Jones, Earl "Spanky" Smith Jr., and Herbert "Herb J" Jackson | question: what instrument was Phuture the first to use in house music?, answer: TB-303 | question: how long was phuture's "acid tracks"?, answer: 12-minute | question: what type of drum machine did "acid tracks" use?, answer: Roland TR-707
Acid-fast bacteria, such as Mycobacteria, are resistant to decolorization by acids during staining procedures. The high mycolic acid content of Mycobacteria, is responsible for the staining pattern of poor absorption followed by high retention. The most common staining technique used to identify acid-fast bacteria is the Ziehl-Neelsen stain or acid-fast stain, in which the acid-fast bacilli are stained bright-red and stand out clearly against a blue background. L-form bacteria are strains of bacteria that lack cell walls. The main pathogenic bacteria in this class is Mycoplasma (not to be confused with Mycobacteria).

question: What is the most typical staining technique used to identify acid-fast bacteria?, answer: Ziehl-Neelsen stain | question: What is mycolic acid is responsible for in Mycobacteria?, answer: staining pattern of poor absorption followed by high retention. | question: What helps Mycobacteria be resistant to decolorization?, answer: high mycolic acid content | question: What is the main pathogenic bacteria in L-form class ?, answer: Mycoplasma
Across London, Black and Asian children outnumber White British children by about six to four in state schools. Altogether at the 2011 census, of London's 1,624,768 population aged 0 to 15, 46.4 per cent were White, 19.8 per cent were Asian, 19 per cent were Black, 10.8 per cent were Mixed and 4 per cent represented another ethnic group. In January 2005, a survey of London's ethnic and religious diversity claimed that there were more than 300 languages spoken in London and more than 50 non-indigenous communities with a population of more than 10,000. Figures from the Office for National Statistics show that, in 2010[update], London's foreign-born population was 2,650,000 (33 per cent), up from 1,630,000 in 1997.

question: What is the ratio of black and Asian schoolchildren to white schoolchildren?, answer: about six to four | question: What was the approximate population of London children aged 0 to 15 years at the time of the 2011 census?, answer: 1,624,768 | question: The 2011 census in London found what percentage of children to be white?, answer: 46.4 | question: A 2005 survey indicated that how many communities comprised of non-indigenous people existed in London?, answer: more than 50 | question: According to the 2011 London census, what percentage of children were black?, answer: 19 per cent
Across continental Europe, but in France especially, booksellers and publishers had to negotiate censorship laws of varying strictness. The Encyclopédie, for example, narrowly escaped seizure and had to be saved by Malesherbes, the man in charge of the French censure. Indeed, many publishing companies were conveniently located outside France so as to avoid overzealous French censors. They would smuggle their merchandise across the border, where it would then be transported to clandestine booksellers or small-time peddlers. The records of clandestine booksellers may give a better representation of what literate Frenchmen might have truly read, since their clandestine nature provided a less restrictive product choice. In one case, political books were the most popular category, primarily libels and pamphlets. Readers were more interested in sensationalist stories about criminals and political corruption than they were in political theory itself. The second most popular category, "general works" (those books "that did not have a dominant motif and that contained something to offend almost everyone in authority") demonstrated a high demand for generally low-brow subversive literature. However, these works never became part of literary canon, and are largely forgotten today as a result.

question: Book sellers and publishers had to negotiate censorship laws of varying strictness in what country, especially?, answer: France | question: Which work narrowly escaped seizure and had to be saved by Malesherbes?, answer: The Encyclopédie | question: Many publishing companies were located outside of which country to avoid overzealous censors?, answer: France | question: Readers were more interested in sensationalist stories about what topics than they were in political theory itself?, answer: criminals and political corruption | question: What was the term given to books that did not have a dominant motif and contained something to offend almost everyone in authority?, answer: general works
Acting on State Secretary Acheson's recommendation, President Truman ordered General MacArthur to transfer matériel to the Army of the Republic of Korea while giving air cover to the evacuation of U.S. nationals. The President disagreed with advisers who recommended unilateral U.S. bombing of the North Korean forces, and ordered the US Seventh Fleet to protect the Republic of China (Taiwan), whose government asked to fight in Korea. The United States denied ROC's request for combat, lest it provoke a communist Chinese retaliation. Because the United States had sent the Seventh Fleet to "neutralize" the Taiwan Strait, Chinese premier Zhou Enlai criticized both the UN and U.S. initiatives as "armed aggression on Chinese territory."

question: What general provided material to the Republic of Korea and evacuated US nationals?, answer: General MacArthur | question: Who disagreed with the idea of unilaterally bombing the North Korean military?, answer: President Truman | question: What fleet was sent to the Taiwan Strait?, answer: US Seventh Fleet | question: Fearing the provocation of Communist China, what country's request for combat troops did the US deny?, answer: Republic of China | question: Who is the Chinese premier that called the actions of the US and the United Nations an act of aggression?, answer: Zhou Enlai
Active in the early 1920s, F.C.S. Schiller labelled his work "humanism" but for Schiller the term referred to the pragmatist philosophy he shared with William James. In 1929, Charles Francis Potter founded the First Humanist Society of New York whose advisory board included Julian Huxley, John Dewey, Albert Einstein and Thomas Mann. Potter was a minister from the Unitarian tradition and in 1930 he and his wife, Clara Cook Potter, published Humanism: A New Religion. Throughout the 1930s, Potter was an advocate of such liberal causes as, women’s rights, access to birth control, "civil divorce laws", and an end to capital punishment.

question: What 19th century author associated his works with humanism?, answer: F.C.S. Schiller | question: When was the first public group for Humanist founded?, answer: 1929 | question: Who created this group?, answer: Charles Francis Potter | question: When did Charles Potter and Clara Potter publish their first writings on Humanism?, answer: 1930
Activision Blizzard CEO Bobby Kotick has criticized PS3's high development costs and inferior attach rate and return to that of Xbox 360 and Wii. He believes these factors are pushing developers away from working on the console. In an interview with The Times Kotick stated "I'm getting concerned about Sony; the PlayStation 3 is losing a bit of momentum and they don't make it easy for me to support the platform." He continued, "It's expensive to develop for the console, and the Wii and the Xbox are just selling better. Games generate a better return on invested capital (ROIC) on the Xbox than on the PlayStation." Kotick also claimed that Activision Blizzard may stop supporting the system if the situation is not addressed. "[Sony has] to cut the [PS3's retail] price, because if they don't, the attach rates are likely to slow. If we are being realistic, we might have to stop supporting Sony." Kotick received heavy criticism for the statement, notably from developer Bioware who questioned the wisdom of the threatened move, and referred to the statement as "silly."

question: What group does Bobby Kotick think is being discouraged from working on the PS3?, answer: developers | question: What does "ROIC" stand for?, answer: return on invested capital | question: What company is Kotick the CEO of?, answer: Activision Blizzard | question: What newspaper reported Kotick's concerns and his threat to stop supporting the PlayStation platform?, answer: The Times | question: What game development company completely disagreed with Kotick's statements in The Times interview?, answer: Bioware
Actor Dominic West has been unenthusiastic about the career benefits of being an Old Etonian, saying it "is a stigma that is slightly above 'paedophile' in the media in a gallery of infamy", but asked whether he would consider sending his own children there, said "Yes, I would. It’s an extraordinary place... It has the facilities and the excellence of teaching and it will find what you’re good at and nurture it", while the actor Tom Hiddleston says there are widespread misconceptions about Eton, and that "People think it's just full of braying toffs... It isn’t true... It's actually one of the most broadminded places I’ve ever been. The reason it’s a good school is that it encourages people to find the thing they love and to go for it. They champion the talent of the individual and that’s what’s special about it".

question: According to actor Dominic Wes, would he send his children to Eton?, answer: Yes, I would. | question: According to actor Tom Hiddleston, that is special about Eton?, answer: They champion the talent of the individual | question: Which actor states there are widespread misconceptions about Eton?, answer: Tom Hiddleston
Addition of lead(II) oxide lowers melting point, lowers viscosity of the melt, and increases refractive index. Lead oxide also facilitates solubility of other metal oxides and is used in colored glasses. The viscosity decrease of lead glass melt is very significant (roughly 100 times in comparison with soda glasses); this allows easier removal of bubbles and working at lower temperatures, hence its frequent use as an additive in vitreous enamels and glass solders. The high ionic radius of the Pb2+ ion renders it highly immobile in the matrix and hinders the movement of other ions; lead glasses therefore have high electrical resistance, about two orders of magnitude higher than soda-lime glass (108.5 vs 106.5 Ohm·cm, DC at 250 °C). For more details, see lead glass.

question: What makes glass melt at a lower temperature?, answer: lead(II) oxide | question: How much less viscous is lead glass compared with soda glass?, answer: 100 times | question: Pb2+ causes lead glass to have what?, answer: high electrical resistance | question: Lead oxide makes it easier to dissolve what?, answer: other metal oxides
Additionally, "[I]n the general case, von Neumann proved the following basic representation theorem. Any complemented modular lattice L having a "basis" of n≥4 pairwise perspective elements, is isomorphic with the lattice ℛ(R) of all principal right-ideals of a suitable regular ring R. This conclusion is the culmination of 140 pages of brilliant and incisive algebra involving entirely novel axioms. Anyone wishing to get an unforgettable impression of the razor edge of von Neumann's mind, need merely try to pursue this chain of exact reasoning for himself—realizing that often five pages of it were written down before breakfast, seated at a living room writing-table in a bathrobe."

question: What type of axioms were used by von Neumann in his lattice work?, answer: novel axioms | question: How long was von Neumann's lattice theory paper?, answer: 140 pages | question: In what room did von Neumann often write at home?, answer: living room writing-table
Additionally, Richmond is gaining attention from the film and television industry, with several high-profile films shot in the metro region in the past few years, including the major motion picture Lincoln which led to Daniel Day-Lewis's third Oscar, Killing Kennedy with Rob Lowe, airing on the National Geographic Channel and Turn, starring Jamie Bell and airing on AMC. In 2015 Richmond will be the main filming location for the upcoming PBS drama series Mercy Street, which will premiere in Winter 2016. Several organizations, including the Virginia Film Office and the Virginia Production Alliance, along with events like the Richmond International Film Festival and French Film Festival, continue to put draw supporters of film and media to the region.

question: What movie, which filmed in Richmond, featured Daniel Day-Lewis?, answer: Lincoln | question: Who notably appeared in Killing Kennedy?, answer: Rob Lowe | question: On what television channel can the show Turn be seen?, answer: AMC | question: When will Mercy Street first be shown on television?, answer: Winter 2016 | question: What channel is Killing Kennedy on?, answer: National Geographic Channel
Additionally, Somali women have a long tradition of wearing gold jewelry, particularly bangles. During weddings, the bride is frequently adorned in gold. Many Somali women by tradition also wear gold necklaces and anklets.

question: What is the jewelry worn by Somali women commonly made from?, answer: gold | question: Along with anklets, what pieces of jewelry are traditionally worn by Somali women?, answer: necklaces | question: What type of jewelry do Somali women wear at their weddings?, answer: gold
Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively.

question: Horn Cable Television and Universal TV are examples of what?, answer: private television networks | question: What type of Tv startions replay AL=jazeera and CNN?, answer: private television networks | question: Where does SBC TV broadcast from?, answer: Bosaso | question: What is the commercial capital of Puntland?, answer: Bosaso | question: Howmany governemnt run channels do Puntland and Somaliland regions have?, answer: one
Additionally, cable-ready TV sets can display HD content without using an external box. They have a QAM tuner built-in and/or a card slot for inserting a CableCARD.

question: HD content can be displayed by cable-ready TVs without using what?, answer: an external box | question: Without using an external box, cable-ready TVs can display what?, answer: HD content | question: What features allow the cable-ready TVs to display HD content without an external box?, answer: a QAM tuner built-in and/or a card slot for inserting a CableCARD | question: What kind of built-in tuner will allow a cable-ready TV to display HD content without an external box?, answer: QAM | question: What kind of card will allow a cable-ready TV to display HD content without an external box?, answer: CableCARD
Additionally, genes can have regulatory regions many kilobases upstream or downstream of the open reading frame. These act by binding to transcription factors which then cause the DNA to loop so that the regulatory sequence (and bound transcription factor) become close to the RNA polymerase binding site. For example, enhancers increase transcription by binding an activator protein which then helps to recruit the RNA polymerase to the promoter; conversely silencers bind repressor proteins and make the DNA less available for RNA polymerase.

question: How do regulatory regions act?, answer: by binding to transcription factors | question: What happens when a regulatory region binds to transcription factors?, answer: the DNA to loop | question: How do enhancers increase transcription?, answer: by binding an activator protein | question: What happens after an enhancer binds an activator protein?, answer: helps to recruit the RNA polymerase to the promoter | question: What causes DNA to be less available for RNA polymerase?, answer: silencers bind repressor proteins
Additionally, henna is an important part of Somali culture. It is worn by Somali women on their hands, arms, feet and neck during weddings, Eid, Ramadan, and other festive occasions. Somali henna designs are similar to those in the Arabian peninsula, often featuring flower motifs and triangular shapes. The palm is also frequently decorated with a dot of henna and the fingertips are dipped in the dye. Henna parties are usually held before the wedding takes place. Somali women have likewise traditionally applied kohl (kuul) to their eyes. Usage of the eye cosmetic in the Horn region is believed to date to the ancient Land of Punt.

question: What do Somali women wear on their feet during Eid?, answer: henna | question: Along with triangular shapes, what are common henna designs in Somalia?, answer: flower motifs | question: What do Somali women traditionally put around their eyes?, answer: kohl | question: From what ancient region did kuul application come?, answer: Land of Punt | question: What activity is often held before Somali weddings?, answer: Henna parties
Additionally, owing to its colonial history, cuisine in Eritrea features more Italian influences than are present in Ethiopian cooking, including more pasta and greater use of curry powders and cumin.The Italian Eritrean cuisine started to be practiced during the colonial times of the Kingdom of Italy, when a large number of Italians moved to Eritrea. They brought the use of "pasta" to Italian Eritrea, and it is one of the main food eaten in present-day Asmara. An Italian Eritrean cuisine emerged, and dishes common dishes are 'Pasta al Sugo e Berbere', which means "Pasta with tomato sauce and berbere" (spice), but there are many more like "lasagna" and "cotoletta alla milanese" (milano cutlet). Alongside sowa, people in Eritrea also tend to drink coffee. Mies is another popular local alcoholic beverage, made out of honey.

question: Where does the Italian influences on Eritrean cuisine come from?, answer: its colonial history | question: What is Eritrea's popular alcoholic beverage Mies made out of?, answer: honey | question: What food item did Italians bring to Eritrea during colonial times?, answer: pasta | question: How does 'Pasta al Sugo e Berbere' translate in English?, answer: "Pasta with tomato sauce and berbere" (spice) | question: What is the main food, influenced by Italy, eaten in Eritrea's capital today?, answer: pasta
Additionally, the Italian Eritrea administration opened a number of new factories, which produced buttons, cooking oil, pasta, construction materials, packing meat, tobacco, hide and other household commodities. In 1939, there were around 2,198 factories and most of the employees were Eritrean citizens. The establishment of industries also made an increase in the number of both Italians and Eritreans residing in the cities. The number of Italians residing in the territory increased from 4,600 to 75,000 in five years; and with the involvement of Eritreans in the industries, trade and fruit plantation was expanded across the nation, while some of the plantations were owned by Eritreans.

question: What did the Eritrea administration open to produce products such as buttons and construction materials?, answer: a number of new factories | question: How many factories were in Eritrea by 1939?, answer: around 2,198 | question: Who were the main employees in the factories of Eritrea?, answer: Eritrean citizens | question: Besides Eritreans, which other nationality increased its city population because of new industries?, answer: Italians | question: How much did the number of Italians residing in Eritrea increase in 5 years due to factories being built?, answer: from 4,600 to 75,000