lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Burke took a leading role in the debate regarding the constitutional limits to the executive authority of the king. He argued strongly against unrestrained royal power and for the role of political parties in maintaining a principled opposition capable of preventing abuses, either by the monarch, or by specific factions within the government. His most important publication in this regard was his Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents of 23 April 1770. Burke identified the "discontents" as stemming from the "secret influence" of a neo-Tory group he labelled as, the "king's friends", whose system "comprehending the exterior and interior administrations, is commonly called, in the technical language of the Court, Double Cabinet". Britain needed a party with "an unshaken adherence to principle, and attachment to connexion, against every allurement of interest". Party divisions "whether operating for good or evil, are things inseparable from free government".

question: Who did Burke want constitutional limits on the power of?, answer: the king | question: What type of institution did Burke think could offer opposition to abuses of power?, answer: political parties | question: What type of group were the "king's friends"?, answer: neo-Tory | question: What was Burke's most important publication about limiting royal power?, answer: Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents of 23 April 1770
Burke was a leading sceptic with respect to democracy. While admitting that theoretically, in some cases it might be desirable, he insisted a democratic government in Britain in his day would not only be inept, but also oppressive. He opposed democracy for three basic reasons. First, government required a degree of intelligence and breadth of knowledge of the sort that occurred rarely among the common people. Second, he thought that if they had the vote, common people had dangerous and angry passions that could be aroused easily by demagogues; he feared that the authoritarian impulses that could be empowered by these passions would undermine cherished traditions and established religion, leading to violence and confiscation of property. Third, Burke warned that democracy would create a tyranny over unpopular minorities, who needed the protection of the upper classes.

question: What type of government did Burke think would be inept?, answer: democratic | question: For how many reasons did Burke oppose democracy?, answer: three | question: What did Burke think could arouse common people's dangerous passions?, answer: demagogues | question: What type of impulses did Burke think could gain power through commoners' passions?, answer: authoritarian | question: Who did Burke think protected unpopular minorities?, answer: the upper classes
Burke was born in Dublin, Ireland. His mother Mary née Nagle (c. 1702 – 1770) was a Roman Catholic who hailed from a déclassé County Cork family (and a cousin of Nano Nagle), whereas his father, a successful solicitor, Richard (died 1761), was a member of the Church of Ireland; it remains unclear whether this is the same Richard Burke who converted from Catholicism. The Burke dynasty descends from an Anglo-Norman knight surnamed de Burgh (latinised as de Burgo) who arrived in Ireland in 1185 following Henry II of England's 1171 invasion of Ireland.

question: Where was Burke born?, answer: Dublin, Ireland | question: What was Burke's mother's maiden name?, answer: Nagle | question: When did Burke's mother die?, answer: 1770 | question: When did Burke's father die?, answer: 1761 | question: When did Burke's ancestors arrive in Ireland?, answer: 1185
Burke was not merely presenting a peace agreement to Parliament; rather, he stepped forward with four reasons against using force, carefully reasoned. He laid out his objections in an orderly manner, focusing on one before moving to the next. His first concern was that the use of force would have to be temporary, and that the uprisings and objections to British governance in America would not be. Second, Burke worried about the uncertainty surrounding whether Britain would win a conflict in America. "An armament", Burke said, "is not a victory". Third, Burke brought up the issue of impairment; it would do the British Government no good to engage in a scorched earth war and have the object they desired (America) become damaged or even useless. The American colonists could always retreat into the mountains, but the land they left behind would most likely be unusable, whether by accident or design. The fourth and final reason to avoid the use of force was experience; the British had never attempted to rein in an unruly colony by force, and they did not know if it could be done, let alone accomplished thousands of miles away from home. Not only were all of these concerns reasonable, but some turned out to be prophetic – the American colonists did not surrender, even when things looked extremely bleak, and the British were ultimately unsuccessful in their attempts to win a war fought on American soil.

question: Where was Burke worried Britain might not win a war?, answer: America | question: How many reasons against violence did Burke present?, answer: four | question: How far away was the potential conflict Burke argued against?, answer: thousands of miles | question: What area could the American colonists retreat to?, answer: the mountains
Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".

question: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?, answer: Thomas Paine | question: Who wrote 'A Vindication of the Rights of Men'?, answer: Mary Wollstonecraft | question: Who said the Reflections were "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution"?, answer: James Mackintosh | question: Who did Mackintosh compare Burke to?, answer: Lord Bacon and Cicero | question: What types of wisdom did Mackintosh say Burke had?, answer: political and moral
Burke's last publications were the Letters on a Regicide Peace (October 1796), called forth by negotiations for peace with France by the Pitt government. Burke regarded this as appeasement, injurious to national dignity and honour. In his Second Letter, Burke wrote of the French Revolutionary Government: "Individuality is left out of their scheme of government. The State is all in all. Everything is referred to the production of force; afterwards, everything is trusted to the use of it. It is military in its principle, in its maxims, in its spirit, and in all its movements. The State has dominion and conquest for its sole objects—dominion over minds by proselytism, over bodies by arms".

question: What was Burke's final publication?, answer: Letters on a Regicide Peace | question: When was Burke's final publication?, answer: October 1796 | question: What did Burke think was missing from the French Revolutionary Government?, answer: Individuality | question: What did Burke think were the French Revolutionary Government's only goals?, answer: dominion and conquest | question: What negotiations did Burke think were appeasement?, answer: negotiations for peace with France by the Pitt government
Burke's religious writing comprises published works and commentary on the subject of religion. Burke's religious thought was grounded in the belief that religion is the foundation of civil society. He sharply criticised deism and atheism, and emphasised Christianity as a vehicle of social progress. Born in Ireland to a Catholic mother and a Protestant father, Burke vigorously defended the Anglican Church, but also demonstrated sensitivity to Catholic concerns. He linked the conservation of a state (established) religion with the preservation of citizens' constitutional liberties and highlighted Christianity's benefit not only to the believer's soul, but also to political arrangements.

question: Which church did Burke most defend?, answer: Anglican | question: What did Burke think was the foundation of society?, answer: religion | question: What religion was Burke's mother?, answer: Catholic | question: What religion was Burke's father?, answer: Protestant | question: Burke thought religion was beneficial to what besides souls?, answer: political arrangements
Burma continues to be used in English by the governments of many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. Official United States policy retains Burma as the country's name, although the State Department's website lists the country as "Burma (Myanmar)" and Barack Obama has referred to the country by both names. The Czech Republic uses officially Myanmar, although its Ministry of Foreign Affairs mentions both Myanmar and Burma on its website. The United Nations uses Myanmar, as do the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Russia, Germany, China, India, Norway, and Japan.

question: By which name is the country called by most English speaking countries?, answer: Burma continues to be used in English by the governments of many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom | question: How is Burma officially identified in the United States, answer: Burma (Myanmar) | question: What is the country called in sessions of the United Nations?, answer: United Nations uses Myanmar | question: What does the current president of the United States call the country in official settings?, answer: Burma (Myanmar)" and Barack Obama has referred to the country by both names
Burma is bordered in the northwest by the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh and the Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh states of India. Its north and northeast border is with the Tibet Autonomous Region and Yunnan province for a Sino-Burman border total of 2,185 km (1,358 mi). It is bounded by Laos and Thailand to the southeast. Burma has 1,930 km (1,200 mi) of contiguous coastline along the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea to the southwest and the south, which forms one quarter of its total perimeter.

question: What countries surround the border that is opposite the southwest border of Burma?, answer: Burma is bordered in the northwest by the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh and the Mizoram | question: What sea is an integral part of the Burma landscape ?, answer: Andaman Sea to the southwest and the south, which forms one quarter of its total perimeter. | question: How many miles of uninterrupted coastline does Burma encompass?, answer: 1,200 mi | question: What is the name of the bay along the southwest coast of Burma ?, answer: Bay of Bengal | question: What region lays along the north border of Burma and is famed for the presence of monks ?, answer: the Tibet Autonomous Region
Burmese resentment was strong and was vented in violent riots that paralysed Yangon (Rangoon) on occasion all the way until the 1930s. Some of the discontent was caused by a disrespect for Burmese culture and traditions such as the British refusal to remove shoes when they entered pagodas. Buddhist monks became the vanguards of the independence movement. U Wisara, an activist monk, died in prison after a 166-day hunger strike to protest against a rule that forbade him from wearing his Buddhist robes while imprisoned.

question: have the Burmese people ever shown any reservations about the ruling government bodies?, answer: Burmese resentment was strong and was vented in violent riots that paralysed Yangon (Rangoon) on occasion all the way until the 1930s. | question: What were some of problems experienced with the colonialism of Burma by the British?, answer: Some of the discontent was caused by a disrespect for Burmese culture and traditions | question: How long was U Wisara on a strike were he refused subsistence ?, answer: 166-day hunger strike | question: Was U Wisara able to survive the protest?, answer: died in prison after a 166-day hunger strike | question: Why was U Wisara involved in a resistance movement of such extremes ?, answer: to protest against a rule that forbade him from wearing his Buddhist robes while imprisoned.
Burmese, the mother tongue of the Bamar and official language of Myanmar, is related to Tibetan and Chinese language. It is written in a script consisting of circular and semi-circular letters, which were adapted from the Mon script, which in turn was developed from a southern Indian script in the 5th century. The earliest known inscriptions in the Burmese script date from the 11th century. It is also used to write Pali, the sacred language of Theravada Buddhism, as well as several ethnic minority languages, including Shan, several Karen dialects, and Kayah (Karenni), with the addition of specialised characters and diacritics for each language.

question: What is the matriarchal brogue of Burma that became the countries' standard vernacular ?, answer: Burmese | question: Which two vernaculars hold relation to the official language?, answer: Tibetan and Chinese language | question: How is the recognized official language of Burma displayed ?, answer: It is written in a script consisting of circular and semi-circular letters | question: On what is the visual display of the language a subset of ?, answer: the Mon script, which in turn was developed from a southern Indian script in the 5th century | question: From when are the first impressions of the visually displayed language ?, answer: The earliest known inscriptions in the Burmese script date from the 11th century.
Burrel's innovative design, which combined the low production cost of an Apple II with the computing power of Lisa's CPU, the Motorola 68K, received the attention of Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple. Realizing that the Macintosh was more marketable than the Lisa, he began to focus his attention on the project. Raskin left the team in 1981 over a personality conflict with Jobs. Team member Andy Hertzfeld said that the final Macintosh design is closer to Jobs' ideas than Raskin's. After hearing of the pioneering GUI technology being developed at Xerox PARC, Jobs had negotiated a visit to see the Xerox Alto computer and its Smalltalk development tools in exchange for Apple stock options. The Lisa and Macintosh user interfaces were influenced by technology seen at Xerox PARC and were combined with the Macintosh group's own ideas. Jobs also commissioned industrial designer Hartmut Esslinger to work on the Macintosh line, resulting in the "Snow White" design language; although it came too late for the earliest Macs, it was implemented in most other mid- to late-1980s Apple computers. However, Jobs' leadership at the Macintosh project did not last; after an internal power struggle with new CEO John Sculley, Jobs resigned from Apple in 1985. He went on to found NeXT, another computer company targeting the education market, and did not return until 1997, when Apple acquired NeXT.

question: Why did Raskin leave the Apple team in 1981?, answer: over a personality conflict with Jobs | question: According to Andy Hertzfeld, whose idea is the final Mac design closer to?, answer: Jobs | question: What did Steve Jobs offer Xerox to visit and see their latest technology?, answer: Apple stock options | question: Whose technology influenced the user interfaces of the Lisa and Macintosh?, answer: Xerox PARC | question: What caused Steve Jobs to resign from Apple in 1985?, answer: an internal power struggle
Buses now provide the majority of local public transport. The main bus operators are First Southampton and Bluestar. Other operators include Brijan Tours, Stagecoach and Xelabus. The other large service provider is the Uni-link bus service (running from early in the morning to midnight), which was commissioned by the University of Southampton to provide transport from the university to the town. Previously run by Enterprise, it is now run by Bluestar. Free buses are provided by City-link'. The City-link runs from the Red Funnel ferry terminal at Town Quay to Central station via WestQuay and is operated by Bluestar. There is also a door-to-door minibus service called Southampton Dial a Ride, for residents who cannot access public transport. This is funded by the council and operated by SCA Support Services.

question: What form of public transport do most people in Southampton use now?, answer: Buses | question: Along with First Southampton, what is the other main bus operator in Southampton?, answer: Bluestar | question: What bus service did the University of Southampton commission to carry people between the city and the university?, answer: Uni-link | question: What time does Uni-link stop service to the university each night?, answer: midnight | question: What operator ran Uni-link before Bluestar?, answer: Enterprise
Bush and Kerry met for the third and final debate at Arizona State University on October 13. 51 million viewers watched the debate which was moderated by Bob Schieffer of CBS News. However, at the time of the ASU debate, there were 15.2 million viewers tuned in to watch the Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously. After Kerry, responding to a question about gay rights, reminded the audience that Vice President Cheney's daughter was a lesbian, Cheney responded with a statement calling himself "a pretty angry father" due to Kerry using Cheney's daughter's sexual orientation for his political purposes.

question: How many debates were there in total, between Kerry and Bush?, answer: third | question: Where was the final debate, between Kerry and Bush held?, answer: Arizona State University | question: What was the next biggest competitor for television viewers, next to the debate?, answer: Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously | question: Who did Kerry publicize as a lesbian while discussing gay rights, some time after the debate?, answer: Vice President Cheney's daughter | question: What did Cheney refer to him as, after hearing Kerry's comments about his daughter?, answer: "a pretty angry father"
Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be "uncertain in the face of danger." Bush (just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election) also sought to portray Kerry as a "Massachusetts liberal" who was out of touch with mainstream Americans. One of Kerry's slogans was "Stronger at home, respected in the world." This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.

question: What was the primary focus of Bush's campaign?, answer: national security | question: How did Bush try to convey that he was the stronger, tougher candidate?, answer: presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." | question: What phrase did Kerry use to try to express that he was more concerned for America?, answer: "Stronger at home, respected in the world." | question: What does Kerry feel Bush aliented the American people with?, answer: his foreign policy | question: The stategy that Bush used against Kerry was compared to what other similar strategy in the past?, answer: just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election
Bush's margin of victory in the popular vote was the smallest ever for a reelected incumbent president, but marked the first time since his father's victory 16 years prior that a candidate won a majority of the popular vote. The electoral map closely resembled that of 2000, with only three states changing sides: New Mexico and Iowa voted Republican in 2004 after having voted Democratic in 2000, while New Hampshire voted Democratic in 2004 after previously voting Republican. In the Electoral College, Bush received 286 votes to Kerry's 252.

question: How many States renounced their preferred political party?, answer: three | question: Which state switched sides and embraced the Democratic party after previously choosing the Republican party?, answer: New Hampshire | question: How many votes did Kerry receive, in the Electoral College?, answer: 252 | question: How large of a gap was there between Bush's and Kerry's votes?, answer: the smallest ever | question: Which candidate, in the 2004 election, had the majority of the popular vote?, answer: Bush
Bushi interests were diverse, cutting across old power structures to form new associations in the tenth century. Mutual interests, family connections, and kinship were consolidated in military groups that became part of family administration. In time, large regional military families formed around members of the court aristocracy who had become prominent provincial figures. These military families gained prestige from connections to the imperial court and court-granted military titles and access to manpower. The Fujiwara family, Taira clan, and Minamoto clan were among the most prominent families supported by the new military class.

question: Bushi formed new associations in what century?, answer: tenth | question: How did military families gain prestige?, answer: connections to the imperial court | question: Who were the three prominent families during the rise of the warrior classes?, answer: Fujiwara family, Taira clan, and Minamoto clan
Bushi was the name given to the ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families. The bushi class was developed mainly in the north of Japan. They formed powerful clans, which in the 12th century were against the noble families who were grouping themselves to support the imperial family who lived in Kyoto. Samurai was a word used by the Kuge aristocratic class with warriors themselves preferring the word bushi. The term Bushidō, the "way of the warrior", is derived from this term and the mansion of a warrior was called bukeyashiki.

question: Who were the bushi class?, answer: ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families | question: Where did the bushi live?, answer: mainly in the north of Japan | question: Where did the imperial family live?, answer: Kyoto | question: What does Bushido mean?, answer: the "way of the warrior" | question: What was a bukeyashiki?, answer: the mansion of a warrior