lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
After many other more or less successful attempts with relatively weak rotating and reciprocating apparatus the Prussian Moritz von Jacobi created the first real rotating electric motor in May 1834 that actually developed a remarkable mechanical output power. His motor set a world record which was improved only four years later in September 1838 by Jacobi himself. His second motor was powerful enough to drive a boat with 14 people across a wide river. It was not until 1839/40 that other developers worldwide managed to build motors of similar and later also of higher performance.

question: When were developers competing with Jacobi able to match his accomplishments?, answer: 1839/40 | question: What was Jacobi's improved motor used to propel?, answer: boat | question: Who created the first real electric motor?, answer: Moritz von Jacobi | question: Who broke the world record set by Jacobi's first motor?, answer: Jacobi himself | question: How long did it take for Jacobi's first world record to be broken?, answer: four years
After over a dozen more subpar seasons, in 1981 the Cubs hired GM Dallas Green from Philadelphia to turn around the franchise. Green had managed the 1980 Phillies to the World Series title. One of his early GM moves brought in a young Phillies minor-league 3rd baseman named Ryne Sandberg, along with Larry Bowa for Iván DeJesús. The 1983 Cubs had finished 71–91 under Lee Elia, who was fired before the season ended by Green. Green continued the culture of change and overhauled the Cubs roster, front-office and coaching staff prior to 1984. Jim Frey was hired to manage the 1984 Cubs, with Don Zimmer coaching 3rd base and Billy Connors serving as pitching coach.

question: What year did the Cubs hire GM Dallas Green?, answer: 1981 | question: Where was GM Dallas Green from?, answer: Philadelphia | question: What team had Dallas Green managed in 1980?, answer: Phillies
After receiving his J.D. from Boston College Law School, Kerry worked in Massachusetts as an Assistant District Attorney. He served as Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts under Michael Dukakis from 1983 to 1985 and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1984 and was sworn in the following January. On the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he led a series of hearings from 1987 to 1989 which were a precursor to the Iran–Contra affair. Kerry was re-elected to additional terms in 1990, 1996, 2002 and 2008. In 2002, Kerry voted to authorize the President "to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein", but warned that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war.

question: Where did Kerry get a law degree?, answer: Boston College Law School | question: Who was Kerry an Lt. Gov. for?, answer: Michael Dukakis | question: When did Kerry become a Senator?, answer: 1984 | question: Where was Kerry an Lt. Gov.?, answer: Massachusetts | question: When was Kerry an Lt. Gov.?, answer: from 1983 to 1985
After reconquering Estonia and Latvia in 1944, the Russian SFSR annexed their easternmost territories around Ivangorod and within the modern Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts in 1944-1945.

question: Along with Estonia, what country was taken over by the Russian SFSR in 1944?, answer: Latvia | question: What modern districts of Estonia and Latvia were annexed by the RSFSR in 1944?, answer: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts | question: Near what town did the RSFSR annex territory in 1944?, answer: Ivangorod
After recovering surprisingly fast from the sack of Rome, the Romans immediately resumed their expansion within Italy. The First Samnite War from 343 BC to 341 BC was relatively short: the Romans beat the Samnites in two battles, but were forced to withdraw before they could pursue the conflict further due to the revolt of several of their Latin allies in the Latin War. Rome beat the Latins in the Battle of Vesuvius and again in the Battle of Trifanum, after which the Latin cities were obliged to submit to Roman rule.

question: What country did the Romans continue to expand to after Rome was sacked?, answer: Italy | question: How many battles were conducted by Rome before they were forced to flee in The First Samnite War?, answer: two battles | question: What caused the Romans early withdrawl in The First Samnite War?, answer: revolt of several of their Latin allies | question: When did The First Samnite War end?, answer: 341 BC | question: Who did Rome claim victory against in The Battle of Vesuvius?, answer: Latins
After repeated efforts by the Samoan independence movement, the New Zealand Western Samoa Act 1961 of 24 November 1961 granted Samoa independence effective 1 January 1962, upon which the Trusteeship Agreement terminated. Samoa also signed a friendship treaty with New Zealand. Samoa, the first small-island country in the Pacific to become independent, joined the Commonwealth of Nations on 28 August 1970. While independence was achieved at the beginning of January, Samoa annually celebrates 1 June as its independence day.

question: What act gave Samoa independence?, answer: New Zealand Western Samoa Act 1961 | question: What exact date did Samoan independence go into effect?, answer: 1 January 1962 | question: What's the name of the agreement that ended with the start of Samoa's independence from New Zealand?, answer: Trusteeship Agreement | question: Where was Samoa in the order of small-island countries in their region declaring independence?, answer: first | question: On what date do Samoans celebrate their independence from New Zealand?, answer: 1 June
After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution. The state continued to nominate the bishops and to control church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off continental trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon knocked out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in June 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.

question: When did Napoleon engineer a coup?, answer: November 1799 | question: What victory in 1800 secured Napoleon's political power?, answer: Battle of Marengo | question: What document restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church?, answer: Concordat of 1801 | question: When was Napoleon named Emperor of the French?, answer: 1804 | question: What did Napoleon eliminate in October 1805?, answer: Holy Roman Empire | question: Napoleon's political power was secured by his victory at which 1800 battle?, answer: the Battle of Marengo | question: At the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of what entity?, answer: the Catholic Church | question: When did the French Senate declare Napoleon Emperor?, answer: 1804 | question: Napoleon's victory at which battle led to the end of the Holy Roman Empire?, answer: the Battle of Austerlitz | question: The results of which battle allowed the British to blockade French coasts?, answer: the Battle of Trafalgar
After returning to the United States, Kerry joined the Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW). Then numbering about 20,000, VVAW was considered by some (including the administration of President Richard Nixon) to be an effective, if controversial, component of the antiwar movement. Kerry participated in the "Winter Soldier Investigation" conducted by VVAW of U.S. atrocities in Vietnam, and he appears in a film by that name that documents the investigation. According to Nixon Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird, "I didn't approve of what he did, but I understood the protesters quite well", and he declined two requests from the Navy to court martial Reserve Lieutenant Kerry over his antiwar activity.

question: How many members did VVAW have when Kerry joined it?, answer: about 20,000 | question: What VVAW investigation was Kerry involved in?, answer: the "Winter Soldier Investigation" | question: Who was Melvin Laird?, answer: Nixon Secretary of Defense | question: What did Laird refuse to court-martial Kerry for?, answer: his antiwar activity
After running imperial military affairs in the states of Coahuila and Durango, General Agustín Enrique Brincourt made preparations to invade the state of Chihuahua. On July 8, 1865 Brincourt crossed the Nazas River in northern Durango, heading toward Chihuahua. On July 22 Brincourt crossed the banks of Río Florido into Ciudad Jiménez; one day later he arrived at Valle de Allende where he sent Colonel Pyot with a garrison to take control of Hidalgo del Parral. Brincourt continued through Santa Rosalia de Camargo and Santa Cruz de Rosales. President Juárez remained in the state capital until August 5, 1865 when he left for El Paso del Norte (present-day Ciudad Juárez) due to evidence that the French were to attack the city. On the same day, the President named General Manuel Ojinaga the new governor and placed him in charge of all the republican forces. Meanwhile, General Villagran surprised the imperial forces in control of Hidalgo de Parral; after a short two-hour battle, Colonel Pyot was defeated and forced to retreat. At the Battle of Parral, the French lost 55 men to the Republican forces. On August 13, 1865, the French forces with an estimated 2,500 men arrived at the outskirts of Chihuahua City, and on August 15, 1865, General Brincourt defeated the republican forces, taking control of the state capital. Brincourt designated Tomás Zuloaga as Prefect of Chihuahua. Fearing the French would continue their campaign to El Paso del Norte, President Juárez relocated to El Carrizal, a secluded place in the mountains near El Paso del Norte, in August 1865, . It would have been easy for the French forces to continue in pursuit of President Juárez across the border, but they feared altercations with American forces. General François Achille Bazaine ordered the French troops to retreat back to the state of Durango after only reaching a point one days travel north of Chihuahua City. General Brincourt asked for 1,000 men to be left behind to help maintain control over the state, but his request was denied. After the death of General Ojinaga, the Republican government declared General Villagran in charge of the fight against the Imperial forces. The French left the state on October 29, 1865. President Juárez returned to Chihuahua City on November 20, 1865 and remained in the city until December 9, 1865 when he returned to El Paso del Norte. Shortly after the president left Chihuahua City, Terrazas was restored as governor of the state on December 11, 1865.

question: Brincourt made preparations to invade which state?, answer: Chihuahua | question: In which states had Brincourt run military affairs previously?, answer: Coahuila and Durango | question: Who remained in the capital until August 5, 1865?, answer: President Juárez | question: Who surprised the imperial forces in control of Hidalgo?, answer: General Villagran | question: The Republican government declared who in charge of the fight against the imperialists?, answer: General Villagran
After secession, some North Carolinians refused to support the Confederacy. Some of the yeoman farmers in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region remained neutral during the Civil War, while some covertly supported the Union cause during the conflict. Approximately 2,000 North Carolinians from western North Carolina enlisted in the Union Army and fought for the North in the war. Two additional Union Army regiments were raised in the coastal areas of the state, which were occupied by Union forces in 1862 and 1863. Numerous slaves escaped to Union lines, where they became essentially free.

question: Some North Carolinians still refused to support what after secession?, answer: the Confederacy | question: Some of what farmers remained neutral during the civil war?, answer: yeoman | question: Where were the yoeman farmers that remained neutral during the civil war located?, answer: in the state's mountains and western Piedmont region | question: How many North Carolinians from the west fought for the union Army?, answer: 2,000 | question: When did union forces occupy coastal areas of North carolina?, answer: 1862 and 1863
After secretly crossing the Yalu River on 19 October, the PVA 13th Army Group launched the First Phase Offensive on 25 October, attacking the advancing UN forces near the Sino-Korean border. This military decision made solely by China changed the attitude of the Soviet Union. Twelve days after Chinese troops entered the war, Stalin allowed the Soviet Air Force to provide air cover, and supported more aid to China. After decimating the ROK II Corps at the Battle of Onjong, the first confrontation between Chinese and U.S. military occurred on 1 November 1950; deep in North Korea, thousands of soldiers from the PVA 39th Army encircled and attacked the U.S. 8th Cavalry Regiment with three-prong assaults—from the north, northwest, and west—and overran the defensive position flanks in the Battle of Unsan. The surprise assault resulted in the UN forces retreating back to the Ch'ongch'on River, while the Chinese unexpectedly disappeared into mountain hideouts following victory. It is unclear why the Chinese did not press the attack and follow up their victory.

question: Who initiated the First Phase offensive?, answer: PVA 13th Army Group | question: Who did the First Phase offensive motivated to send more troops and resources to Korea?, answer: Soviet Union | question: When did the Chinese and US military have their first confrontation in Korea?, answer: 1 November 1950 | question: Where did UN forces retreat to when the PVA executed their sneak attack?, answer: Ch'ongch'on River | question: What is unusual about the PVA's successful, surprise attack?, answer: Chinese unexpectedly disappeared into mountain hideouts
After setting up his workshop, Bell continued experiments based on Helmholtz's work with electricity and sound. He also modified a melodeon (a type of pump organ) so that it could transmit its music electrically over a distance. Once the family was settled in, both Bell and his father made plans to establish a teaching practice and in 1871, he accompanied his father to Montreal, where Melville was offered a position to teach his System of Visible Speech.

question: What did Bell rework to send music?, answer: melodeon | question: What is a melodeon a kind of?, answer: pump organ | question: When did Bell go to Montreal?, answer: 1871 | question: Who went with Bell to Montreal?, answer: father | question: How did Bell's reworked melodeon send music?, answer: electrically
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equipment and personnel for the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm) established a station at the Royal Naval Dockyard to repair (and supply replacement) float planes for the fleet. In 1936 Luft Hansa began to experiment with seaplane flights from Berlin via the Azores with continuation to New York City.

question: When did the first aeroplane reach Bermuda?, answer: 1930 | question: Why did the plane have to land twice before reaching Bermuda?, answer: once because of darkness and again to refuel | question: What improved thanks to the Royal Air Force in 1933?, answer: Navigation and weather forecasting | question: Who began experimenting with flights from Berlin to New York, stopping in the azores?, answer: Luft Hansa
After several weeks of rumors, which started around January 11, 2013, Dell announced on February 5, 2013 that it had struck a $24.4 billion leveraged buyout deal, that would have delisted its shares from the NASDAQ and Hong Kong Stock Exchange and taken it private. Reuters reported that Michael Dell and Silver Lake Partners, aided by a $2 billion loan from Microsoft, would acquire the public shares at $13.65 apiece. The $24.4 billion buyout was projected to be the largest leveraged buyout backed by private equity since the 2007 financial crisis. It is also the largest technology buyout ever, surpassing the 2006 buyout of Freescale Semiconductor for $17.5 billion.

question: What was the value of Dell's buyout deal?, answer: $24.4 billion | question: What year did Dell announce its buyout deal?, answer: 2013 | question: What was the value of the loan that Dell received from Microsoft?, answer: $2 billion | question: What was the value of the second largest technology buyout?, answer: $17.5 billion
After several years of economic downturn and political instability, in 1997, Guinea-Bissau entered the CFA franc monetary system, bringing about some internal monetary stability. The civil war that took place in 1998 and 1999, and a military coup in September 2003 again disrupted economic activity, leaving a substantial part of the economic and social infrastructure in ruins and intensifying the already widespread poverty. Following the parliamentary elections in March 2004 and presidential elections in July 2005, the country is trying to recover from the long period of instability, despite a still-fragile political situation.

question: In what year did Guinea-Bissau start to bring some internal monetary stability to the country?, answer: 1997 | question: What did the government do in 1997 to increase monetary stability?, answer: entered the CFA franc monetary system | question: What years did the civil war take place?, answer: 1998 and 1999 | question: When was there a military coup in Guinea-Bissau?, answer: September 2003 | question: When were parliamentary elections held?, answer: March 2004
After some time (typically 1–2 hours in humans, 4–6 hours in dogs, 3–4 hours in house cats),[citation needed] the resulting thick liquid is called chyme. When the pyloric sphincter valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile juice from the liver and then passes through the small intestine, in which digestion continues. When the chyme is fully digested, it is absorbed into the blood. 95% of absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. Water and minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood in the colon (large intestine) where the pH is slightly acidic about 5.6 ~ 6.9. Some vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin K (K2MK7) produced by bacteria in the colon are also absorbed into the blood in the colon. Waste material is eliminated from the rectum during defecation.

question: What is the resulting thick liquid called?, answer: chyme | question: What does chyme mix with in the duodenum?, answer: digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile juice from the liver | question: Where does hyme go after the duodenum?, answer: the small intestine | question: Where is chyme absorbed into?, answer: blood | question: Where does 95% of absobtion of nutrients occur?, answer: the small intestine
After the 1948 election, the state turned firmly Republican. Although registered Republicans were a minority in the state until 2015, starting in 1952, Oklahoma has been carried by Republican presidential candidates in all but one election (1964). This is not to say that every election has been a landslide for Republicans: Jimmy Carter lost the state by less than 1.5% in 1976, while Michael Dukakis and Bill Clinton both won 40% or more of the state's popular vote in 1988 and 1996 respectively. Al Gore in 2000, though, was the last Democrat to even win any counties in the state. Oklahoma was the only state where Barack Obama failed to carry any of its counties in both 2008 and 2012.

question: What political party rose to power in Oklahoma in 1948?, answer: Republican | question: When did registered Republicans become a majority in Oklahoma?, answer: 2015 | question: What is the one election since 1952 where a Republican presidential candidate didn't win in Oklahoma?, answer: 1964 | question: Oklahoma was the only state where which presidential candidate won no counties twice?, answer: Barack Obama | question: Who was the last Democratic presidential candidate to win any counties in Oklahoma?, answer: Al Gore
After the 1969 coup, representatives of the Four Powers – France, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union – were called to meet RCC representatives. The U.K. and U.S. quickly extended diplomatic recognition, hoping to secure the position of their military bases in Libya and fearing further instability. Hoping to ingratiate themselves with Gaddafi, in 1970 the U.S. informed him of at least one planned counter-coup. Such attempts to form a working relationship with the RCC failed; Gaddafi was determined to reassert national sovereignty and expunge what he described as foreign colonial and imperialist influences. His administration insisted that the U.S. and U.K. remove their military bases from Libya, with Gaddafi proclaiming that "the armed forces which rose to express the people's revolution [will not] tolerate living in their shacks while the bases of imperialism exist in Libyan territory." The British left in March and the Americans in June 1970.

question: What nations comprised the Four Powers?, answer: France, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union | question: Who told Gaddafi about a possible counter-coup in 1970?, answer: U.S. | question: Along with the U.S., what major power recognized Gaddafi's government at an early date?, answer: U.K. | question: In what month and year did the United States remove its military bases from Libya?, answer: June 1970 | question: Who removed their Libyan military bases in March of 1970?, answer: British
After the Allied setbacks in 1943, the South East Asia command prepared to launch offensives into Burma on several fronts. In the first months of 1944, the Chinese and American troops of the Northern Combat Area Command (NCAC), commanded by the American Joseph Stilwell, began extending the Ledo Road from India into northern Burma, while the XV Corps began an advance along the coast in the Arakan Province. In February 1944 the Japanese mounted a local counter-attack in the Arakan. After early Japanese success, this counter-attack was defeated when the Indian divisions of XV Corps stood firm, relying on aircraft to drop supplies to isolated forward units until reserve divisions could relieve them.

question: What command prepared offensives into Burma after the Allied setbacks in 1943?, answer: South East Asia command | question: Who led Chinese and American troops for NCAC?, answer: Joseph Stilwell | question: What road did the NCAC extend into northern Burma?, answer: Ledo Road | question: Who advanced aling the Arakan Province coast?, answer: XV Corps | question: Who did aircraft drop supplies to isolated units until they could be relieved?, answer: XV Corps