lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
London is a major global centre of higher education teaching and research and its 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe. According to the QS World University Rankings 2015/16, London has the greatest concentration of top class universities in the world and the international student population around 110,000 which is also more than any other city in the world. A 2014 PricewaterhouseCoopers report termed London as the global capital of higher education

question: What professional services network named London the world's capital of higher education?, answer: PricewaterhouseCoopers | question: London has the highest concentration of higher education institutions in Europe with how many universities?, answer: 43 | question: What is the approximate number of international students studying in London?, answer: 110,000
London is a major international air transport hub with the busiest city airspace in the world. Eight airports use the word London in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. London Heathrow Airport, in Hillingdon, West London, is the busiest airport in the world for international traffic, and is the major hub of the nation's flag carrier, British Airways. In March 2008 its fifth terminal was opened. There were plans for a third runway and a sixth terminal; however, these were cancelled by the Coalition Government on 12 May 2010.

question: How many airports are affiliated with London and incorporate the word London in their names?, answer: Eight | question: The majority of air traffic utilizes how many of the airports in and around London?, answer: six | question: In terms of international travel, which airport is the world's busiest?, answer: London Heathrow | question: A fifth terminal was opened in 2008 for which UK airline?, answer: British Airways | question: In May 2010, who scrapped British Airways's plans to add a sixth terminal and another runway?, answer: the Coalition Government
London is also home to sizeable Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish communities. Notable mosques include the East London Mosque in Tower Hamlets, London Central Mosque on the edge of Regent's Park and the Baitul Futuh Mosque of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. Following the oil boom, increasing numbers of wealthy Hindus and Middle-Eastern Muslims have based themselves around Mayfair and Knightsbridge in West London. There are large Muslim communities in the eastern boroughs of Tower Hamlets and Newham. Large Hindu communities are in the north-western boroughs of Harrow and Brent, the latter of which is home to Europe's largest Hindu temple, Neasden Temple. London is also home to 42 Hindu temples. There are Sikh communities in East and West London, particularly in Southall, home to one of the largest Sikh populations and the largest Sikh temple outside India.

question: What is the name of the largest Hindu temple in Europe?, answer: Neasden Temple | question: Where is London's Sikh population primarily located?, answer: Southall | question: Where is the East London Mosque located?, answer: Tower Hamlets | question: Which eastern boroughs host large Muslim populations?, answer: Tower Hamlets and Newham | question: How many Hindu temples exist in London?, answer: 42
London is home to five major medical schools – Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (part of Queen Mary), King's College London School of Medicine (the largest medical school in Europe), Imperial College School of Medicine, UCL Medical School and St George's, University of London – and has a large number of affiliated teaching hospitals. It is also a major centre for biomedical research, and three of the UK's five academic health science centres are based in the city – Imperial College Healthcare, King's Health Partners and UCL Partners (the largest such centre in Europe).

question: How many major medical schools does London boast?, answer: five | question: What is the largest school of medicine in Europe?, answer: King's College London School of Medicine | question: Barts and the London School of Dentistry if part of which university in the University of London Network?, answer: Queen Mary | question: How many of the United Kingdom's five health academic science centers are located in London?, answer: three | question: UCL Partners is the largest type of what facility in Europe?, answer: academic health science centres
London is home to many museums, galleries, and other institutions, many of which are free of admission charges and are major tourist attractions as well as playing a research role. The first of these to be established was the British Museum in Bloomsbury, in 1753. Originally containing antiquities, natural history specimens and the national library, the museum now has 7 million artefacts from around the globe. In 1824 the National Gallery was founded to house the British national collection of Western paintings; this now occupies a prominent position in Trafalgar Square.

question: When was the British Museum in Bloomsbury founded?, answer: 1753 | question: Which London museum is prominently located in Trafalgar Square?, answer: the National Gallery | question: How many artifacts from all over the world does the British Museum have on display?, answer: 7 million | question: Besides being popular tourist destinations, London's museums play a vital role in what activity?, answer: research | question: The National Gallery was established in 1824 to accommodate and display what items?, answer: the British national collection of Western paintings
London is one of the leading tourist destinations in the world and in 2015 was ranked as the most visited city in the world with over 65 million visits. It is also the top city in the world by visitor cross-border spending, estimated at US$20.23 billion in 2015 Tourism is one of London's prime industries, employing the equivalent of 350,000 full-time workers in 2003, and the city accounts for 54% of all inbound visitor spend in UK. As of 2016 London is rated as the world top ranked city destination by TripAdvisor users.

question: According to 2015 data, how many how many visitors gave London its ranking as the number one visited city in the world?, answer: 65 million | question: How many US dollars are estimated to have been spent in London by visitors from other countries?, answer: $20.23 billion | question: As of 2003, roughly how many full time workers were employed in the tourism industry?, answer: 350,000 | question: Which travel and tourism website's user activity has indicated that London is the number one travel destination?, answer: TripAdvisor | question: What percentage of visitor money is estimated to be spent in London?, answer: 54%
London is one of the major classical and popular music capitals of the world and is home to major music corporations, such as EMI and Warner Music Group as well as countless bands, musicians and industry professionals. The city is also home to many orchestras and concert halls, such as the Barbican Arts Centre (principal base of the London Symphony Orchestra and the London Symphony Chorus), Cadogan Hall (Royal Philharmonic Orchestra) and the Royal Albert Hall (The Proms). London's two main opera houses are the Royal Opera House and the London Coliseum. The UK's largest pipe organ is at the Royal Albert Hall. Other significant instruments are at the cathedrals and major churches. Several conservatoires are within the city: Royal Academy of Music, Royal College of Music, Guildhall School of Music and Drama and Trinity Laban.

question: What musical instrument is situated at Royal Albert Hall?, answer: The UK's largest pipe organ | question: London-based EMI is a corporation focused on what industry?, answer: music | question: In which facility is the London Symphony Orchestra based?, answer: the Barbican Arts Centre | question: What are the names of London's two primary opera houses?, answer: the Royal Opera House and the London Coliseum | question: Royal Academy of Music and Royal College of Music are examples of what?, answer: conservatoires
London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom. Many government departments are based close to the Palace of Westminster, particularly along Whitehall, including the Prime Minister's residence at 10 Downing Street. The British Parliament is often referred to as the "Mother of Parliaments" (although this sobriquet was first applied to England itself by John Bright) because it has been the model for most other parliamentary systems. There are 73 Members of Parliament (MPs) from London, who correspond to local parliamentary constituencies in the national Parliament. As of May 2015, 45 are from the Labour Party, 27 are Conservatives, and one is a Liberal Democrat.

question: What is the Prime Minister of the UK's official residence?, answer: 10 Downing Street | question: Who first dubbed the British Parliament the "Mother of Parliaments?", answer: John Bright | question: How many Members of Parliament are from London?, answer: 73 | question: As of May 2015, which party holds the majority of seats in Parliament?, answer: the Labour Party | question: As of May 2015, how many Liberal Democrats sit in Parliament?, answer: one
London is the world's most expensive office market for the last three years according to world property journal (2015) report. As of 2015[update] the residential property in London is worth $2.2 trillion - same value as that of Brazil annual GDP. The city has the highest property prices of any European city according to the Office for National Statistics and the European Office of Statistics. On average the price per square metre in central London is €24,252 (April 2014). This is higher than the property prices in other G8 European capital cities; Berlin €3,306, Rome €6,188 and Paris €11,229.

question: London's residential property value is equivalent to what nation's GDP?, answer: Brazil | question: What is the average price of property per square meter in central London as of April 2014?, answer: €24,252 | question: A World Property Journal report has ranked London as the most expensive office market in the world for how many consecutive years?, answer: three | question: What city has the highest prices for property in Europe?, answer: London | question: What is the average property price per square meter in Berlin as of April 2014?, answer: €3,306
London was instrumental in the development of punk music, with figures such as the Sex Pistols, The Clash, and Vivienne Westwood all based in the city. More recent artists to emerge from the London music scene include George Michael, Kate Bush, Seal, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Bush, the Spice Girls, Jamiroquai, Blur, The Prodigy, Gorillaz, Mumford & Sons, Coldplay, Amy Winehouse, Adele, Ed Sheeran and One Direction. London is also a centre for urban music. In particular the genres UK garage, drum and bass, dubstep and grime evolved in the city from the foreign genres of hip hop and reggae, alongside local drum and bass. Black music station BBC Radio 1Xtra was set up to support the rise of home-grown urban music both in London and in the rest of the UK.

question: London was a major factor in the rise of what musical genre?, answer: punk | question: Musical genres that gained popularity in London and elsewhere, such as dubstep, were based on and derived from what?, answer: the foreign genres of hip hop and reggae | question: Which BBC radio station focuses primarily on black and urban music?, answer: BBC Radio 1Xtra | question: What rock music group led by Gavin Rossdale got its start in London's music scene?, answer: Bush
London was the world's largest city from about 1831 to 1925. London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics, claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866. Rising traffic congestion led to the creation of the world's first local urban rail network. The Metropolitan Board of Works oversaw infrastructure expansion in the capital and some of the surrounding counties; it was abolished in 1889 when the London County Council was created out of those areas of the counties surrounding the capital. London was bombed by the Germans during the First World War while during the Second World War, the Blitz and other bombings by the German Luftwaffe, killed over 30,000 Londoners and destroyed large tracts of housing and other buildings across the city. Immediately after the war, the 1948 Summer Olympics were held at the original Wembley Stadium, at a time when London had barely recovered from the war.

question: What was the primary cause of the cholera outbreak in 19th century London?, answer: London's overcrowded conditions | question: Who bombed London in both World War I and World War II?, answer: the Germans | question: When did London host its first Summer Olympics?, answer: 1948 | question: How many people died of cholera in London in 1848?, answer: 14,000 | question: Where did the 1948 Summer Olympics in London take place?, answer: the original Wembley Stadium
London's buildings are too diverse to be characterised by any particular architectural style, partly because of their varying ages. Many grand houses and public buildings, such as the National Gallery, are constructed from Portland stone. Some areas of the city, particularly those just west of the centre, are characterised by white stucco or whitewashed buildings. Few structures in central London pre-date the Great Fire of 1666, these being a few trace Roman remains, the Tower of London and a few scattered Tudor survivors in the City. Further out is, for example, the Tudor period Hampton Court Palace, England's oldest surviving Tudor palace, built by Cardinal Thomas Wolsey c.1515.

question: What is England's oldest standing palace from the Tudor period?, answer: Hampton Court Palace | question: Of what material is London's National Gallery made?, answer: Portland stone | question: When did the Great Fire of London occur?, answer: 1666 | question: The area west of London's city is characterized by what type of building?, answer: white stucco or whitewashed | question: What, in part, is the reason for London's lack of a singularly characteristic architectural style among its buildings?, answer: their varying ages
London's bus network is one of the largest in the world, running 24 hours a day, with about 8,500 buses, more than 700 bus routes and around 19,500 bus stops. In 2013, the network had more than 2 billion commuter trips per annum, more than the Underground. Around £850 million is taken in revenue each year. London has the largest wheelchair accessible network in the world and, from the 3rd quarter of 2007, became more accessible to hearing and visually impaired passengers as audio-visual announcements were introduced. The distinctive red double-decker buses are an internationally recognised trademark of London transport along with black cabs and the Tube.

question: How much revenue is generated yearly by London's public bus service?, answer: £850 million | question: How many buses does the London public bus network operate?, answer: more than 700 | question: What feature added in 2007 facilitated bus travel by London' passengers with hearing and vision impairments?, answer: audio-visual announcements | question: What distinct appearance identifies many buses as a landmark for London?, answer: red double-decker | question: Typically, what color are London taxi cabs?, answer: black
London's defences were rapidly reorganised by General Pile, the Commander-in-Chief of Anti-Aircraft Command. The difference this made to the effectiveness of air defences is questionable. The British were still one-third below the establishment of heavy anti-aircraft artillery AAA (or ack-ack) in May 1941, with only 2,631 weapons available. Dowding had to rely on night fighters. From 1940 to 1941, the most successful night-fighter was the Boulton Paul Defiant; its four squadrons shot down more enemy aircraft than any other type. AA defences improved by better use of radar and searchlights. Over several months, the 20,000 shells spent per raider shot down in September 1940, was reduced to 4,087 in January 1941 and to 2,963 shells in February 1941.

question: Who reorganised London's defences?, answer: General Pile | question: The British were how far below the establishment of heavy anti-aircraft artillery?, answer: one-third | question: Who relied on night fighters?, answer: Dowding | question: Who's four squadrons shot down more enemy aircraft than any other type?, answer: Boulton Paul Defiant | question: How were AA defenses improved?, answer: by better use of radar and searchlights
London's first and only cable car, known as the Emirates Air Line, opened in June 2012. Crossing the River Thames, linking Greenwich Peninsula and the Royal Docks in the east of the city, the cable car is integrated with London's Oyster Card ticketing system, although special fares are charged. Costing £60 million to build, it carries over 3,500 passengers every day, although this is very much lower than its capacity. Similar to the Santander Cycles bike hire scheme, the cable car is sponsored in a 10-year deal by the airline Emirates.

question: What is the name of London' bike-for-hire operation?, answer: Santander Cycles | question: When did the single cable car operating in London begin service?, answer: June 2012 | question: Who is the current sponsor of London's cable car operation?, answer: the airline Emirates | question: What was the approximate cost to build the Emirates Airline Cable Car?, answer: £60 | question: Roughly how many passengers travel daily on London's cable car?, answer: 3,500
London's largest industry is finance, and its financial exports make it a large contributor to the UK's balance of payments. Around 325,000 people were employed in financial services in London until mid-2007. London has over 480 overseas banks, more than any other city in the world. Over 85 percent (3.2 million) of the employed population of greater London works in the services industries. Because of its prominent global role, London's economy had been affected by the Late-2000s financial crisis. However, by 2010 the City has recovered; put in place new regulatory powers, proceeded to regain lost ground and re-established London's economic dominance. The City of London is home to the Bank of England, London Stock Exchange, and Lloyd's of London insurance market.

question: What is the name of the world-famous insurance market based in London?, answer: Lloyd's of London | question: What is the largest industry in London?, answer: finance | question: What is the UK's central bank known as?, answer: the Bank of England | question: Prior to mid-2007, approximately how many people in London had jobs in the financial sector?, answer: 325,000 | question: How many banks does London operate overseas?, answer: 480
London's most popular sport is football and it has fourteen League football clubs, including five in the Premier League: Arsenal, Chelsea, Crystal Palace, Tottenham Hotspur, and West Ham United. Among other professional teams based in London include Fulham, Queens Park Rangers, Millwall and Charlton Athletic. In May 2012, Chelsea became the first London club to win the UEFA Champions League. Aside from Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham, none of the other London clubs have ever won the national league title.

question: What is London's most popular athletic sport?, answer: football | question: How many of the football clubs in the Premier League are based in London?, answer: five | question: When did the Chelsea Football Club win the UEFA Champions League title?, answer: May 2012 | question: How many professional football clubs call London their home?, answer: fourteen | question: Besides the Arsenal, Chelsea, and Tottenham football clubs, how many London-based football club have won a national league titie?, answer: none
Long a major population center and site of worldwide automobile manufacturing, Detroit has suffered a long economic decline produced by numerous factors. Like many industrial American cities, Detroit reached its population peak in the 1950 census. The peak population was 1.8 million people. Following suburbanization, industrial restructuring, and loss of jobs (as described above), by the 2010 census, the city had less than 40 percent of that number, with just over 700,000 residents. The city has declined in population in each census since 1950.

question: In which year did Detroit's population peak?, answer: 1950 | question: What was the population of Detroit in 1950?, answer: 1.8 million | question: By how much in percent has the population of Detroit declined since 1950?, answer: 40 | question: What was the population of Detroit in 2010?, answer: 700,000
Long before the exemption is considered by the Endangered Species Committee, the Forest Service, and either the FWS or the NMFS will have consulted on the biological implications of the timber harvest. The consultation can be informal, to determine if harm may occur; and then formal if the harm is believed to be likely. The questions to be answered in these consultations are whether the species will be harmed, whether the habitat will be harmed and if the action will aid or hinder the recovery of the listed species.

question: Who reviews exemption considerations before the Endangered Species committee?, answer: the Forest Service, and either the FWS or the NMFS | question: During informal consultation, what is the goal?, answer: to determine if harm may occur | question: What prompts the need for formal consultation?, answer: if the harm is believed to be likely | question: What considerations are weighed during the consultations?, answer: whether the species will be harmed, whether the habitat will be harmed and if the action will aid or hinder the recovery
Long distance migrants are believed to disperse as young birds and form attachments to potential breeding sites and to favourite wintering sites. Once the site attachment is made they show high site-fidelity, visiting the same wintering sites year after year.

question: When do long distance migrants disperse?, answer: as young birds | question: What do young birds form attachments to?, answer: potential breeding sites | question: What else do young birds form attachments to?, answer: wintering sites | question: What happens when the site attachment is made?, answer: they show high site-fidelity | question: Where do migrating birds visit?, answer: the same wintering sites year after year
Longer works are often divided into self-contained pieces, called movements, often with contrasting characters or moods. For instance, symphonies written during the Classical period are usually divided into four movements: (1) an opening Allegro in sonata form, (2) a slow movement, (3) a minuet or scherzo, and (4) a final Allegro. These movements can then be further broken down into a hierarchy of smaller units: first sections, then periods, and finally phrases.

question: What are self-contained pieces in longer works called?, answer: movements | question: How many movements are symphonies written in the Classical period usually divided into?, answer: four | question: What, typically, is the speed of the second movement in a classical piece?, answer: slow | question: A movement broken up further is called what?, answer: sections | question: The final movement of a classical piece is usually called what?, answer: Allegro
Longjing tea (also called dragon well tea), originating in Hangzhou, is one of the most prestigious, if not the most prestigious Chinese tea. Hangzhou is also renowned for its silk umbrellas and hand fans. Zhejiang cuisine (itself subdivided into many traditions, including Hangzhou cuisine) is one of the eight great traditions of Chinese cuisine.

question: What is Longjing tea also called?, answer: dragon well tea | question: Where does Longjing tea originate from?, answer: Hangzhou | question: What type of umbrellas is Hangzhou known for?, answer: silk | question: What type of fans is Hangzhou known for?, answer: hand | question: Zhejiang cuisine is one of how many great traditions of Chinese cuisine?, answer: eight