lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Furthermore, the amount of time adolescents spend on work and leisure activities varies greatly by culture as a result of cultural norms and expectations, as well as various socioeconomic factors. American teenagers spend less time in school or working and more time on leisure activities—which include playing sports, socializing, and caring for their appearance—than do adolescents in many other countries. These differences may be influenced by cultural values of education and the amount of responsibility adolescents are expected to assume in their family or community.

question: Do American teenagers spend more or less time in shool than adolescents in other countires?, answer: less | question: Do American teenagers spend more or less time on leisure activities than adolescents in other countries?, answer: more | question: Does the amount of time adolescents spend on work and leisure vary from culture to culture or reman relatively constant?, answer: varies greatly | question: What are two potential reasons that adolescents in different cultures spend varying time on work and leisure activities?, answer: cultural norms and expectations, as well as various socioeconomic factors
Fused quartz is a glass made from chemically-pure SiO2 (silica). It has excellent thermal shock characteristics, being able to survive immersion in water while red hot. However, its high melting-temperature (1723 °C) and viscosity make it difficult to work with. Normally, other substances are added to simplify processing. One is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, "soda"), which lowers the glass transition temperature. The soda makes the glass water-soluble, which is usually undesirable, so lime (calcium oxide [CaO], generally obtained from limestone), some magnesium oxide (MgO) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) are added to provide for a better chemical durability. The resulting glass contains about 70 to 74% silica by weight and is called a soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glasses account for about 90% of manufactured glass.

question: What causes glass to dissolve in water?, answer: soda | question: Why is lime often added to glass?, answer: better chemical durability | question: What percentage of soda-lime glass is silica?, answer: 70 to 74 | question: What is a benefit of fused quartz?, answer: excellent thermal shock characteristics | question: What besides viscosity is a drawback of fused quartz?, answer: high melting-temperature
GE (General Electric) Energy's renewable energy business has expanded greatly, to keep up with growing U.S. and global demand for clean energy. Since entering the renewable energy industry in 2002, GE has invested more than $850 million in renewable energy commercialization. In August 2008 it acquired Kelman Ltd, a Northern Ireland company specializing in advanced monitoring and diagnostics technologies for transformers used in renewable energy generation, and announced an expansion of its business in Northern Ireland in May 2010. In 2009, GE's renewable energy initiatives, which include solar power, wind power and GE Jenbacher gas engines using renewable and non-renewable methane-based gases, employ more than 4,900 people globally and have created more than 10,000 supporting jobs.

question: In what year did GE enter the renewable energy industry?, answer: 2002 | question: How much money has GE invested in renewable energy commercialization?, answer: more than $850 million | question: In what year did GE acquire Kelman Ltd.?, answer: 2008 | question: As of 2009, how many people did GE employ in its renewable energy initiatives?, answer: more than 4,900 | question: When did GE announce an expansion of its business in Northern Ireland?, answer: May 2010
GE has a history of some of its activities giving rise to large-scale air and water pollution. Based on year 2000 data, researchers at the Political Economy Research Institute listed the corporation as the fourth-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, with more than 4.4 million pounds per year (2,000 tons) of toxic chemicals released into the air. GE has also been implicated in the creation of toxic waste. According to EPA documents, only the United States Government, Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation are responsible for producing more Superfund toxic waste sites.

question: Based on year 2000 data, where is GE ranked among the largest corporate producers of air pollution in the US?, answer: fourth-largest | question: How many tons of toxic chemicals does GE release into the atmosphere each year?, answer: 2,000 | question: According to which government agency is GE a leading producer of Superfund toxic waste sites?, answer: EPA | question: Which two commercial businesses produce more Superfund toxic waste sites than GE?, answer: Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation | question: Which organization identified GE as the fourth largest corporate producer of air pollution in the US?, answer: Political Economy Research Institute
GE has said that it will invest $1.4 billion in clean technology research and development in 2008 as part of its Ecomagination initiative. As of October 2008, the scheme had resulted in 70 green products being brought to market, ranging from halogen lamps to biogas engines. In 2007, GE raised the annual revenue target for its Ecomagination initiative from $20 billion in 2010 to $25 billion following positive market response to its new product lines. In 2010, GE continued to raise its investment by adding $10 billion into Ecomagination over the next five years.

question: How much money has GE said it will invest in 2008 for clean technology R&D?, answer: $1.4 billion | question: How many green products did GE bring to market via its Ecoimagination program as of October 2008?, answer: 70 | question: What type of engine did GE bring to market as part of its Ecoimagination project?, answer: biogas | question: What type of lamp was introduced by GE as part of its Ecoimagination initiative?, answer: halogen | question: What was GE's new revenue target for its Ecoimagination program in 2010?, answer: $25 billion
GE is a multinational conglomerate headquartered in Fairfield, Connecticut. Its main offices are located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza at Rockefeller Center in New York City, known now as the Comcast Building. It was formerly known as the GE Building for the prominent GE logo on the roof; NBC's headquarters and main studios are also located in the building. Through its RCA subsidiary, it has been associated with the center since its construction in the 1930s. GE moved its corporate headquarters from the GE Building on Lexington Avenue to Fairfield in 1974.

question: Where is GE's headquarters located?, answer: Fairfield, Connecticut | question: On what street in New York was GE headquartered before moving to Fairfield?, answer: Lexington Avenue | question: In what year did GE move its headquarters to Fairfield?, answer: 1974 | question: Which television broadcast company is located in the same building as GE's main offices in New York City?, answer: NBC | question: What was the former name of the Comcast Building, location of GE's main offices?, answer: 30 Rockefeller Plaza at Rockefeller Center
GE's history of working with turbines in the power-generation field gave them the engineering know-how to move into the new field of aircraft turbosuperchargers.[citation needed] Led by Sanford Alexander Moss, GE introduced the first superchargers during World War I, and continued to develop them during the Interwar period. Superchargers became indispensable in the years immediately prior to World War II, and GE was the world leader in exhaust-driven supercharging when the war started. This experience, in turn, made GE a natural selection to develop the Whittle W.1 jet engine that was demonstrated in the United States in 1941. GE ranked ninth among United States corporations in the value of wartime production contracts. Although their early work with Whittle's designs was later handed to Allison Engine Company, GE Aviation emerged as one of the world's largest engine manufacturers, second only to the British company, Rolls-Royce plc.

question: Who led GE's effort to build the first turbosupercharges during World War I?, answer: Sanford Alexander Moss | question: Which jet engine did GE introduce in 1941?, answer: Whittle W.1 | question: What was GE's rank among US corporations in the value of wartime production contracts during World War II?, answer: ninth | question: To which company did GE hand off their work on Whittle's jet engines?, answer: Allison Engine Company | question: Which company is ranked as the largest engine manufacturer in the world?, answer: Rolls-Royce plc
GM cotton acreage in India grew at a rapid rate, increasing from 50,000 hectares in 2002 to 10.6 million hectares in 2011. The total cotton area in India was 12.1 million hectares in 2011, so GM cotton was grown on 88% of the cotton area. This made India the country with the largest area of GM cotton in the world. A long-term study on the economic impacts of Bt cotton in India, published in the Journal PNAS in 2012, showed that Bt cotton has increased yields, profits, and living standards of smallholder farmers. The U.S. GM cotton crop was 4.0 million hectares in 2011 the second largest area in the world, the Chinese GM cotton crop was third largest by area with 3.9 million hectares and Pakistan had the fourth largest GM cotton crop area of 2.6 million hectares in 2011. The initial introduction of GM cotton proved to be a success in Australia – the yields were equivalent to the non-transgenic varieties and the crop used much less pesticide to produce (85% reduction). The subsequent introduction of a second variety of GM cotton led to increases in GM cotton production until 95% of the Australian cotton crop was GM in 2009 making Australia the country with the fifth largest GM cotton crop in the world. Other GM cotton growing countries in 2011 were Argentina, Myanmar, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, South Africa and Costa Rica.

question: How much area was planted in India in GM cotton in 2011?, answer: 10.6 million hectares | question: What was the percentage of GM cotton planted in India in 2011?, answer: 88% | question: Waht country has the largest area of GM cotton on Earth?, answer: India | question: At what rank does US GM cotton stand in the world?, answer: second largest | question: What percentage of Australia's cotton crop was GM in 2009?, answer: 95%
Gaddafi briefly studied History at the University of Libya in Benghazi, before dropping out to join the military. Despite his police record, in 1963 he began training at the Royal Military Academy, Benghazi, alongside several like-minded friends from Misrata. The armed forces offered the only opportunity for upward social mobility for underprivileged Libyans, and Gaddafi recognised it as a potential instrument of political change. Under Idris, Libya's armed forces were trained by the British military; this angered Gaddafi, who viewed the British as imperialists, and accordingly he refused to learn English and was rude to the British officers, ultimately failing his exams. British trainers reported him for insubordination and abusive behaviour, stating their suspicion that he was involved in the assassination of the military academy's commander in 1963. Such reports were ignored and Gaddafi quickly progressed through the course.

question: What subject did Gaddafi briefly study before joining the military?, answer: History at the University of Libya in Benghazi | question: Why didn't Gaddafi learn to speak English?, answer: Gaddafi, who viewed the British as imperialists | question: Where did Gaddafi begin his military training?, answer: at the Royal Military Academy | question: How did Gaddafi view the influence of the military?, answer: the only opportunity for upward social mobility for underprivileged Libyans, and Gaddafi recognised it as a potential instrument of political change | question: What crime did the British trainers believe Gaddafi was involved in?, answer: the assassination of the military academy's commander in 1963 | question: What subject did Gaddafi study at the University of LIbya?, answer: History | question: Why did Gaddafi drop out of college?, answer: to join the military | question: What rationale did Gaddafi use for joining the military?, answer: Gaddafi recognised it as a potential instrument of political change | question: What country trained Libya's military?, answer: the British military | question: What crime was Gaddafi suspected of being involved in during his time in the military?, answer: the assassination of the military academy's commander in 1963 | question: Where did Gaddafi attend college for a time?, answer: University of Libya | question: During his time in college, what did Gaddafi study?, answer: History | question: After Gaddafi left the University of Libya, what institution did he attend?, answer: Royal Military Academy, Benghazi | question: While the Libyan monarchy existed, who trained the Libyan army?, answer: British | question: What did Gaddafi regard his British instructors as?, answer: imperialists
Gaddafi financially supported other militant groups across the world, including the Black Panther Party, Nation of Islam, Tupamaros, 19th of April Movement and Sandinista National Liberation Front in the Americas, the ANC among other liberation movements in the fight against Apartheid in South Africa, the Provisional Irish Republican Army, ETA, Sardinian nationalists, Action directe, the Red Brigades, and the Red Army Faction in Europe, and the Armenian Secret Army, Japanese Red Army, Free Aceh Movement, and Moro National Liberation Front in Asia. Gaddafi was indiscriminate in the causes he funded, sometimes switching from supporting one side in a conflict to the other, as in the Eritrean War of Independence. Throughout the 1970s these groups received financial support from Libya, which came to be seen as a leader in the Third World's struggle against colonialism and neocolonialism. Though many of these groups were labelled "terrorists" by critics of their activities, Gaddafi rejected such a characterisation, instead considering them revolutionaries engaged in liberation struggles.

question: During what decade did Libya finance militant groups?, answer: 1970s | question: During what conflict did Gaddafi notably switch sides?, answer: Eritrean War of Independence | question: On what continent did the Red Army Faction operate?, answer: Europe | question: What was the Third World fighting against in the 1970s?, answer: colonialism and neocolonialism | question: What was the ANC combating?, answer: Apartheid
Gaddafi married his first wife, Fatiha al-Nuri, in 1969. She was the daughter of General Khalid, a senior figure in King Idris' administration, and was from a middle-class background. Although they had one son, Muhammad Gaddafi (b. 1970), their relationship was strained, and they divorced in 1970. Gaddafi's second wife was Safia Farkash, née el-Brasai, a former nurse from Obeidat tribe born in Bayda. They met in 1969, following his ascension to power, when he was hospitalized with appendicitis; he claimed that it was love at first sight. The couple remained married until his death. Together they had seven biological children: Saif al-Islam Gaddafi (b. 1972), Al-Saadi Gaddafi (b. 1973), Mutassim Gaddafi (1974–2011), Hannibal Muammar Gaddafi (b. 1975), Ayesha Gaddafi (b. 1976), Saif al-Arab Gaddafi (1982–2011), and Khamis Gaddafi (1983–2011). He also adopted two children, Hanna Gaddafi and Milad Gaddafi.

question: Who was Gaddafi's first father-in-law?, answer: General Khalid | question: When was Gaddafi's son by Fatiha al-Nuri born?, answer: 1970 | question: What was the maiden surname of Gaddafi's second wife?, answer: el-Brasai | question: What tribe did Safia Farkash belong to?, answer: Obeidat | question: When did Khamis Gaddafi die?, answer: 2011
Gaddafi organized demonstrations and distributed posters criticizing the monarchy. In October 1961, he led a demonstration protesting Syria's secession from the United Arab Republic. During this they broke windows of a local hotel accused of serving alcohol. Catching the authorities' attention, they expelled his family from Sabha. Gaddafi moved to Misrata, there attending Misrata Secondary School. Maintaining his interest in Arab nationalist activism, he refused to join any of the banned political parties active in the city – including the Arab Nationalist Movement, the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and the Muslim Brotherhood – claiming he rejected factionalism. He read voraciously on the subjects of Nasser and the French Revolution of 1789, as well as the works of Syrian political theorist Michel Aflaq and biographies of Abraham Lincoln, Sun Yat-sen, and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

question: Why did Gaddafi's family have to leave Sabha?, answer: he led a demonstration protesting Syria's secession from the United Arab Republic. During this they broke windows of a local hotel accused of serving alcohol. | question: Gaddafi was an avid reader. Name three biographies that he read., answer: Abraham Lincoln, Sun Yat-sen, and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk | question: What political idealogy did Gaddafi not believe in?, answer: factionalism | question: While he was in secondary school, what sort of activism did Gaddafi support?, answer: Arab nationalist activism | question: Why did Gaddafi's family leave Sabha?, answer: October 1961, he led a demonstration protesting Syria's secession from the United Arab Republic | question: List several biographies that influenced Gaddafi., answer: Abraham Lincoln, Sun Yat-sen, and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk | question: Where sort of activism did Gaddafi promote while attending secondary school?, answer: Arab nationalist activism | question: What political ideology did Gaddafi reject when he attended Misrata Secondary School?, answer: factionalism | question: Where did Gaddafi travel to after he was kicked out of Sabha?, answer: Misrata | question: Along with the Ba'ath Party and Muslim Brotherhood, what group was notably banned in Misrata?, answer: Arab Nationalist Movement | question: In what month and year did Gaddafi protest against Syria leaving the United Arab Republic?, answer: October 1961 | question: Of what nationality was Michel Aflaq?, answer: Syrian | question: Along with Lincoln and Ataturk, whose biography did Gaddafi read while in Misrata?, answer: Abraham Lincoln
Gaddafi remained a controversial and divisive figure on the world stage throughout his life and after death. Supporters praised Gaddafi's administration for the creation of an almost classless society through domestic reform. They stress the regime's achievements in combating homelessness and ensuring access to food and safe drinking water. Highlighting that under Gaddafi, all Libyans enjoyed free education to a university level, they point to the dramatic rise in literacy rates after the 1969 revolution. Supporters have also applauded achievements in medical care, praising the universal free healthcare provided under the Gaddafist administration, with diseases like cholera and typhoid being contained and life expectancy raised. Biographers Blundy and Lycett believed that under the first decade of Gaddafi's leadership, life for most Libyans "undoubtedly changed for the better" as material conditions and wealth drastically improved, while Libyan studies specialist Lillian Craig Harris remarked that in the early years of his administration, Libya's "national wealth and international influence soared, and its national standard of living has risen dramatically." Such high standards declined during the 1980s, as a result of economic stagnation. Gaddafi claimed that his Jamahiriya was a "concrete utopia", and that he had been appointed by "popular assent", with some Islamic supporters believing that he exhibited barakah. His opposition to Western governments earned him the respect of many in the Euro-American far right.

question: What diseases were minimized by Gaddafi's health care policies?, answer: cholera and typhoid | question: What was the cost of primary and secondary education under Gaddafi?, answer: free | question: Why did living standards decline in 1980s Libya?, answer: economic stagnation | question: Due to his opposition to West governments, who notably respected Gaddafi?, answer: Euro-American far right | question: What is the occupation of Lillian Craig Harris?, answer: Libyan studies specialist
Gaddafi sought to develop closer links in the Maghreb; in January 1974 Libya and Tunisia announced a political union, the Arab Islamic Republic. Although advocated by Gaddafi and Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba, the move was deeply unpopular in Tunisia and soon abandoned. Retaliating, Gaddafi sponsored anti-government militants in Tunisia into the 1980s. Turning his attention to Algeria, in 1975 Libya signed the Hassi Messaoud defence agreement allegedly to counter "Moroccan expansionism", also funding the Polisario Front of Western Sahara in their independence struggle against Morocco. Seeking to diversify Libya's economy, Gaddafi's government began purchasing shares in major European corporations like Fiat as well as buying real estate in Malta and Italy, which would become a valuable source of income during the 1980s oil slump.

question: What country formed a political union with Libya in 1974?, answer: Tunisia | question: What was the name of the abortive political union between Tunisia and Libya in 1974?, answer: Arab Islamic Republic | question: Who was the president of Tunisia in 1974?, answer: Habib Bourguiba | question: With what country did Libya conclude the Hassi Messaoud defense agreement?, answer: Algeria | question: Against what government was the Hassi Messaoud defense agreement directed against?, answer: Moroccan
Gaddafi summarized Third International Theory in three short volumes published between 1975 and 1979, collectively known as The Green Book. Volume one was devoted to the issue of democracy, outlining the flaws of representative systems in favour of direct, participatory GPCs. The second dealt with Gaddafi's beliefs regarding socialism, while the third explored social issues regarding the family and the tribe. While the first two volumes advocated radical reform, the third adopted a socially conservative stance, proclaiming that while men and women were equal, they were biologically designed for different roles in life. During the years that followed, Gaddafists adopted quotes from The Green Book, such as "Representation is Fraud", as slogans. Meanwhile, in September 1975, Gaddafi implemented further measures to increase popular mobilization, introducing objectives to improve the relationship between the Councils and the ASU.

question: Gaddafi's written work on Third International Theory consisted of how many volumes?, answer: three | question: When was the last volume of Gaddafi's work on Third International Theory published?, answer: 1979 | question: What was the title given to Gaddafi's Third International Theory writings?, answer: The Green Book | question: What volume of The Green Book discussed democracy?, answer: one | question: What political philosophy was discussed in the second volume of The Green Book?, answer: socialism
Gaddafi was a very private individual, who described himself as a "simple revolutionary" and "pious Muslim" called upon by Allah to continue Nasser's work. Reporter Mirella Bianco found that his friends considered him particularly loyal and generous, and asserted that he adored children. She was told by Gaddafi's father that even as a child he had been "always serious, even taciturn", a trait he also exhibited in adulthood. His father said that he was courageous, intelligent, pious, and family oriented.

question: Whose efforts did Gaddafi see himself as continuing?, answer: Nasser | question: Who stated that Gaddafi was fond of children?, answer: Mirella Bianco | question: What was Gaddafi's religious affiliation?, answer: Muslim | question: What is Mirella Biano's occupation?, answer: Reporter | question: Who remarked on Gaddafi's family orientation?, answer: His father