lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Cyberspace Support is foundational, continuous, or responsive operations ensuring information integrity and availability in, through, and from Air Force-controlled infrastructure and its interconnected analog and digital portion of the battle space. Inherent in this mission is the ability to establish, extend, secure, protect, and defend in order to sustain assigned networks and missions. This includes protection measures against supply chain components plus critical C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks. The cyberspace support mission incorporates CNE and CND techniques. It incorporates all elements of Air Force Network Operations, information transport, enterprise management, and information assurance, and is dependent on ISR and all-source intelligence.

question: What division ensures the Air Force's information integrity and availability?, answer: Cyberspace Support | question: What is ability is critical in Cyberspace Supports mission?, answer: sustain assigned networks and missions | question: What important networks is it the function of Cyberspace support to protect?, answer: C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks | question: What techniques does the Cyberspace Support branch of the Air Force use?, answer: CNE and CND
Cycling is popular in Tucson due to its flat terrain and dry climate. Tucson and Pima County maintain an extensive network of marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths. The Loop is a network of seven linear parks comprising over 100 mi (160 km) of paved, vehicle-free trails that encircles the majority of the city with links to Marana and Oro Valley. The Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee (TPCBAC) serves in an advisory capacity to local governments on issues relating to bicycle recreation, transportation, and safety. Tucson was awarded a gold rating for bicycle-friendliness by the League of American Bicyclists in 2006.

question: Why is cycling popular in Tucson?, answer: its flat terrain and dry climate | question: What is The Loop?, answer: a network of seven linear parks | question: How many miles of trails are in The Loop?, answer: over 100 | question: What organization advises the Tucson government on bike concerns?, answer: Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee | question: What kind of places to ride bikes does Tucson have?, answer: marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths
Cyclone Bebe in 1972 caused severe damage to Funafuti. Funafuti's Tepuka Vili Vili islet was devastated by Cyclone Meli in 1979, with all its vegetation and most of its sand swept away during the cyclone. Along with a tropical depression that affected the islands a few days later, Severe Tropical Cyclone Ofa had a major impact on Tuvalu with most islands reporting damage to vegetation and crops. Cyclone Gavin was first identified during 2 March 1997, and was the first of three tropical cyclones to affect Tuvalu during the 1996–97 cyclone season with Cyclones Hina and Keli following later in the season.

question: What cyclone badly damaged Funafuti?, answer: Cyclone Bebe | question: How many cyclones effected Tuvalu during the 1996-97 cyclone season?, answer: three | question: What cyclone caused major damage to vegetation on all islands on Tuvalu?, answer: Cyclone Ofa | question: What was the first cyclone to strike Tuvalu during the 1996-97 season?, answer: Cyclone Gavin | question: What islet was damaged by Cyclone Meli in 1979?, answer: Funafuti's Tepuka Vili Vili
Cyprus (i/ˈsaɪprəs/; Greek: Κύπρος IPA: [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs IPA: [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coasts of Syria and Turkey.[e] Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European Union. It is located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt and east of Greece.

question: What is the official name of Cypus?, answer: Republic of Cyprus | question: Where is Cyprus located?, answer: Eastern Mediterranean Sea | question: What countries are nearby Cyprus?, answer: Syria and Turkey | question: What is Cyprus' affiliation with the European Union?, answer: member state | question: Is Cyprus an island country or land-locked country?, answer: island country | question: What does Cyprus rank in terms of size in the Mediterranean?, answer: third largest | question: Which country is north of Cyprus?, answer: Turkey
Cyprus has one of the warmest climates in the Mediterranean part of the European Union.[citation needed] The average annual temperature on the coast is around 24 °C (75 °F) during the day and 14 °C (57 °F) at night. Generally, summers last about eight months, beginning in April with average temperatures of 21–23 °C (70–73 °F) during the day and 11–13 °C (52–55 °F) at night, and ending in November with average temperatures of 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) during the day and 12–14 °C (54–57 °F) at night, although in the remaining four months temperatures sometimes exceed 20 °C (68 °F).

question: In Cyprus, what is the average temperature during the day?, answer: 24 °C (75 °F) | question: What type of climate does Cyprus have?, answer: one of the warmest climates in the Mediterranean | question: What month typically marks the end of summer on Cyprus?, answer: November | question: How long do summers generally last on Cyprus?, answer: eight months
Cyprus has two official languages, Greek and Turkish. Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic are recognised as minority languages. Although without official status, English is widely spoken and it features widely on road signs, public notices, and in advertisements, etc. English was the sole official language during British colonial rule and the lingua franca until 1960, and continued to be used (de facto) in courts of law until 1989 and in legislation until 1996. 80.4% of Cypriots are proficient in the English language as a second language. Russian is widely spoken among the country's minorities, residents and citizens of post-Soviet countries, and Pontic Greeks. Russian, after English and Greek, is the third language used on many signs of shops and restaurants, particularly in Limassol and Paphos. In addition to these languages, 12% speak French and 5% speak German.

question: How many official languages does Cyprus have?, answer: two | question: What are the two official languages of Cyprus?, answer: Greek and Turkish | question: What are the minority languages are spoken in Cyprus?, answer: Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic | question: Are there any Western languages spoken in Cyprus?, answer: English | question: Are there any Eastern languages spoken in Cyprus?, answer: Russian
Cyprus suffers from a chronic shortage of water. The country relies heavily on rain to provide household water, but in the past 30 years average yearly precipitation has decreased. Between 2001 and 2004, exceptionally heavy annual rainfall pushed water reserves up, with supply exceeding demand, allowing total storage in the island's reservoirs to rise to an all-time high by the start of 2005. However, since then demand has increased annually – a result of local population growth, foreigners moving to Cyprus and the number of visiting tourists – while supply has fallen as a result of more frequent droughts.

question: When did Cyprus receive enough rainfall to fill up their water reserves?, answer: Between 2001 and 2004 | question: What do people living in Cyprus rely on for household water?, answer: rain | question: Why has the water supply shrunk in previous years?, answer: more frequent droughts | question: What resource is scarce on Cyprus?, answer: water | question: Why has demand for water increased annually on Cyprus?, answer: local population growth, foreigners moving to Cyprus and the number of visiting tourists
Cyprus was placed under British administration based on Cyprus Convention in 1878 and formally annexed by Britain in 1914. Even though Turkish Cypriots made up only 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an "extension of Anatolia" by them; while since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established in 1983. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.

question: When was Cyprus placed under British administration?, answer: 1878 | question: What year was Cyprus annexed by Britain?, answer: 1914 | question: What year was Cyprus granted independence?, answer: 1960 | question: What year did the intercommunal violence between Greek and Cypriots occur?, answer: 1963 | question: How many Turkish Cypriots were displaced due to the 11 year violence in 1963?, answer: 25,000
Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones named for their control of cell division or cytokinesis. The natural cytokinin zeatin was discovered in corn, Zea mays, and is a derivative of the purine adenine. Zeatin is produced in roots and transported to shoots in the xylem where it promotes cell division, bud development, and the greening of chloroplasts. The gibberelins, such as Gibberelic acid are diterpenes synthesised from acetyl CoA via the mevalonate pathway. They are involved in the promotion of germination and dormancy-breaking in seeds, in regulation of plant height by controlling stem elongation and the control of flowering. Abscisic acid (ABA) occurs in all land plants except liverworts, and is synthesised from carotenoids in the chloroplasts and other plastids. It inhibits cell division, promotes seed maturation, and dormancy, and promotes stomatal closure. It was so named because it was originally thought to control abscission. Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that is produced in all higher plant tissues from methionine. It is now known to be the hormone that stimulates or regulates fruit ripening and abscission, and it, or the synthetic growth regulator ethephon which is rapidly metabolised to produce ethylene, are used on industrial scale to promote ripening of cotton, pineapples and other climacteric crops.

question: What are cytokinins responsible for in plants?, answer: control of cell division | question: Where are cytokinins produced?, answer: in roots | question: How is bud development determined?, answer: cytokinesis | question: How is the height of a plant determined?, answer: gibberelins | question: What acid slows or stops cell division?, answer: Abscisic
Czech (/ˈtʃɛk/; čeština Czech pronunciation: [ˈt͡ʃɛʃcɪna]), formerly known as Bohemian (/boʊˈhiːmiən, bə-/; lingua Bohemica in Latin), is a West Slavic language strongly influenced by Latin and German language, spoken by over 10 million people and it is the official language of the Czech Republic. Czech's closest relative is Slovak, with which it is mutually intelligible. It is closely related to other West Slavic languages, such as Silesian and Polish. Although most Czech vocabulary is based on shared roots with Slavic, Romance, and Germanic languages, many loanwords (most associated with high culture) have been adopted in recent years.

question: How many people speak Czech?, answer: 10 million | question: Which two languages strongly influenced Czech?, answer: Latin and German | question: In which country is Czech the official language?, answer: Czech Republic | question: Which language is closest to Czech?, answer: Slovak | question: What name was the Czech language formerly known as?, answer: Bohemian | question: What was Czech formerly known as?, answer: Bohemian | question: What languages strongly influenced Czech?, answer: Latin and German | question: Over how many million people speak Czech?, answer: 10 | question: What vocabulary associated with higher classed culture have been adopted over the years?, answer: loanwords | question: What is the official language of the Czech republic?, answer: Czech
Czech contains ten basic vowel phonemes, and three more found only in loanwords. They are /a/, /ɛ/, /ɪ/, /o/, and /u/, their long counterparts /aː/, /ɛː/, /iː/, /oː/ and /uː/, and three diphthongs, /ou̯/, /au̯/ and /ɛu̯/. The latter two diphthongs and the long /oː/ are exclusive to loanwords. Vowels are never reduced to schwa sounds when unstressed. Each word usually has primary stress on its first syllable, except for enclitics (minor, monosyllabic, unstressed syllables). In all words of more than two syllables, every odd-numbered syllable receives secondary stress. Stress is unrelated to vowel length, and the possibility of stressed short vowels and unstressed long vowels can be confusing to students whose native language combines the features (such as English).

question: How many basic vowel phonemes does Czech contain?, answer: ten | question: Where are three additional vowel phonemes found in Czech?, answer: loanwords | question: What are vowel sounds never reduced to when unstressed?, answer: schwa sounds | question: What is stress unrelated to in Czech?, answer: vowel length | question: What a few exceptions where is the primary word stress in Czech?, answer: first syllable
Czech continued to evolve and gain in regional importance for hundreds of years, and has been a literary language in the Slovak lands since the early fifteenth century. A biblical translation, the Kralice Bible, was published during the late sixteenth century (around the time of the King James and Luther versions) which was more linguistically conservative than either. The publication of the Kralice Bible spawned widespread nationalism, and in 1615 the government of Bohemia ruled that only Czech-speaking residents would be allowed to become full citizens or inherit goods or land. This, and the conversion of the Czech upper classes from the Habsburg Empire's Catholicism to Protestantism, angered the Habsburgs and helped trigger the Thirty Years' War (where the Czechs were defeated at the Battle of White Mountain). The Czechs became serfs; Bohemia's printing industry (and its linguistic and political rights) were dismembered, removing official regulation and support from its language. German quickly became the dominant language in Bohemia.

question: How many years as Czech continued to evolve and gain in regional importance?, answer: hundreds | question: When was the Kralice Bible published?, answer: late sixteenth century | question: What did the publication of the Kralice Bible spawn?, answer: widespread nationalism | question: In what war were the Czechs defeated at the Battle of White Mountain?, answer: Thirty Years' War | question: What language became dominant in Bohemia after the Czech's defeat?, answer: German
Czech distinguishes three genders—masculine, feminine, and neuter—and the masculine gender is subdivided into animate and inanimate. With few exceptions, feminine nouns in the nominative case end in -a, -e, or -ost; neuter nouns in -o, -e, or -í, and masculine nouns in a consonant. Adjectives agree in gender and animacy (for masculine nouns in the accusative or genitive singular and the nominative plural) with the nouns they modify. The main effect of gender in Czech is the difference in noun and adjective declension, but other effects include past-tense verb endings: for example, dělal (he did, or made); dělala (she did, or made) and dělalo (it did, or made).

question: How many genders does Czech distinguish?, answer: three | question: What categories is the masculine gender in Czech divided into?, answer: animate and inanimate | question: What do Czech adjectives agree with in the nouns they modify?, answer: gender and animacy | question: What does gender also affect in Czech?, answer: past-tense verb endings | question: What is the main effect of gender in Czech?, answer: difference in noun and adjective declension
Czech has one of the most phonemic orthographies of all European languages. Its thirty-one graphemes represent thirty sounds (in most dialects, i and y have the same sound), and it contains only one digraph: ch, which follows h in the alphabet. As a result, some of its characters have been used by phonologists to denote corresponding sounds in other languages. The characters q, w and x appear only in foreign words. The háček (ˇ) is used with certain letters to form new characters: š, ž, and č, as well as ň, ě, ř, ť, and ď (the latter five uncommon outside Czech). The last two letters are sometimes written with a comma above (ʼ, an abbreviated háček) because of their height. The character ó exists only in loanwords and onomatopoeia.

question: What language has one of the most phonemic orthographies of all European languages?, answer: Czech | question: How many graphemes does Czech have?, answer: thirty-one | question: What have some of Czech's characters been used for by phonologists to denote?, answer: corresponding sounds in other languages | question: What character in Czech only exists in loanwords?, answer: ó | question: In Czech, what type of words do the characters "q", "w" and "x" exclusively appear in?, answer: foreign
Czech syntax has a subject–verb–object sentence structure. In practice, however, word order is flexible and used for topicalization and focus. Although Czech has a periphrastic passive construction (like English), colloquial word-order changes frequently produce the passive voice. For example, to change "Peter killed Paul" to "Paul was killed by Peter" the order of subject and object is inverted: Petr zabil Pavla ("Peter killed Paul") becomes "Paul, Peter killed" (Pavla zabil Petr). Pavla is in the accusative case, the grammatical object (in this case, the victim) of the verb.

question: What is the sentence structure of Czech syntax?, answer: subject–verb–object | question: Because word order is flexible in Czech, what does it tend to actually be used for?, answer: topicalization and focus | question: What kind of passive construction does Czech have?, answer: periphrastic | question: What happens to the subject and object to produce a passive voice in Czech?, answer: inverted | question: What case is the grammatical object of a verb?, answer: accusative
Czech typographical features not associated with phonetics generally resemble those of most Latin European languages, including English. Proper nouns, honorifics, and the first letters of quotations are capitalized, and punctuation is typical of other Latin European languages. Writing of ordinal numerals is similar to most European languages. The Czech language uses a decimal comma instead of a decimal point. When writing a long number, spaces between every three numbers (e.g. between hundreds and thousands) may be used for better orientation in handwritten texts, but not in decimal places, like in English. The number 1,234,567.8910 may be written as 1234567,8910 or 1 234 567,8910. Ordinal numbers (1st) use a point as in German (1.). In proper noun phrases (except personal names), only the first word is capitalized (Pražský hrad, Prague Castle).

question: What do Czech typographical features not associated with phonetics tend to resemble?, answer: those of most Latin European languages | question: In Czech, what is done to proper nouns, honorifics, and the first letters of quotations?, answer: capitalized | question: What is typical in Czech as other Latin European languages?, answer: punctuation | question: What language does Czech share its handling of ordinal format with?, answer: German | question: What word is capitalized in proper noun phrases in Czech?, answer: only the first
Czech, the official language of the Czech Republic (a member of the European Union since 2004), is one of the EU's official languages and the 2012 Eurobarometer survey found that Czech was the foreign language most often used in Slovakia. Economist Jonathan van Parys collected data on language knowledge in Europe for the 2012 European Day of Languages. The five countries with the greatest use of Czech were the Czech Republic (98.77 percent), Slovakia (24.86 percent), Portugal (1.93 percent), Poland (0.98 percent) and Germany (0.47 percent).

question: What is the official language of the Czech republic?, answer: Czech | question: How long has the Czech Republic been a member of the European Union?, answer: since 2004 | question: What distinction does Czech have in Slovakia?, answer: foreign language most often used | question: Who collected data on language knowledge in Europe for the 2012 European Day of Languages?, answer: Jonathan van Parys | question: Of the five countries with the greatest use of Czech, which country had the lowest percent of use?, answer: Germany
DC commutating electric motors, if fitted with laminated pole pieces, become universal motors because they can also operate on AC; reversing the current in both stator and rotor does not reverse the motor. But the now-standard AC distribution frequencies of 50 and 60 Hz caused difficulties with inductive reactance and eddy current losses. Many railways chose low AC frequencies to overcome these problems. They must be converted from utility power by motor-generators or static inverters at the feeding substations or generated at dedicated traction powerstations.

question: How can DC motor turn universal?, answer: if fitted with laminated pole pieces | question: What problems did AC distribution cause?, answer: inductive reactance and eddy current losses | question: How do railways try to solve the problem of inductive reactance of AC system?, answer: low AC frequencies | question: How can low frequencies be obtained?, answer: converted from utility power
DC systems (especially third-rail systems) are limited to relatively low voltages and this can limit the size and speed of trains and cannot use low-level platform and also limit the amount of air-conditioning that the trains can provide. This may be a factor favouring overhead wires and high-voltage AC, even for urban usage. In practice, the top speed of trains on third-rail systems is limited to 100 mph (160 km/h) because above that speed reliable contact between the shoe and the rail cannot be maintained.

question: Why DC system can effect the speed of trains?, answer: low voltages | question: Can DC systems use low-level platform?, answer: cannot | question: Besides speed and size what else the low voltage of DC system can effect?, answer: air-conditioning | question: What is the speed limit for third rail system trains?, answer: 160 km/h | question: What can become unreliable if the speed exceeds the limit of 100 mph for DC system trains?, answer: contact between the shoe and the rail