lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Parisian examples of European architecture date back more than a millennium; including the Romanesque church of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés (1014-1163); the early Gothic Architecture of the Basilica of Saint-Denis (1144), the Notre Dame Cathedral (1163-1345), the Flamboyant Gothic of Saint Chapelle (1239-1248), the Baroque churches of Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis (1627-1641) and Les Invalides (1670-1708). The 19th century produced the neoclassical church of La Madeleine (1808-1842); the Palais Garnier Opera House (1875); the neo-Byzantine Basilica of Sacré-Cœur (1875-1919), and the exuberant Belle Époque modernism of the Eiffel Tower (1889). Striking examples of 20th century architecture include the Centre Georges Pompidou by Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano (1977), and the Louvre Pyramid by I.M. Pei (1989). Contemporary architecture includes the Musée du Quai Branly by Jean Nouvel (2006) and the new contemporary art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014).

question: When was La Madeleine built?, answer: 1808-1842 | question: When was teh Palais Garnier Opera House built?, answer: 1875 | question: When was the Eiffel Tower built?, answer: 1889 | question: Who built the art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation?, answer: Frank Gehry | question: Who built the Louvre Pyramid?, answer: I.M. Pei
Parisians tend to share the same movie-going trends as many of the world's global cities, with cinemas primarily dominated by Hollywood-generated film entertainment. French cinema comes a close second, with major directors (réalisateurs) such as Claude Lelouch, Jean-Luc Godard, and Luc Besson, and the more slapstick/popular genre with director Claude Zidi as an example. European and Asian films are also widely shown and appreciated. On 2 February 2000, Philippe Binant realised the first digital cinema projection in Europe, with the DLP CINEMA technology developed by Texas Instruments, in Paris.

question: Who realied the first digital cinema projection in Europe?, answer: Philippe Binant | question: Who developed the technology for the digital cinema projection?, answer: Texas Instruments | question: What types of films are most popular in Paris?, answer: Hollywood-generated | question: When was the first digital cinema projection in Europe?, answer: 2 February 2000
Parkson enters by acquiring local brand Centro Department Store in 2011. Centro still operates for middle market while the 'Parkson' brand itself, positioned for middle-up segment, enters in 2014 by opening its first store in Medan, followed by its second store in Jakarta. Lotte, meanwhile, enters the market by inking partnership with Ciputra Group, creating what its called 'Lotte Shopping Avenue' inside the Ciputra World Jakarta complex, as well as acquiring Makro and rebranding it into Lotte Mart.

question: What store did Parkson buy in 2011?, answer: Centro Department Store | question: Where did Centro open it's first store of 2014?, answer: Medan | question: Who did Lotte partner with?, answer: Ciputra Group | question: Where is the "Lotte Shopping Avenue" located?, answer: Ciputra World Jakarta complex | question: What was Makro re-labeled as after it's purchase?, answer: Lotte Mart
Parque Batlle (formerly: Parque de los Aliados, translation: "Park of the Allies") is a major public central park, located south of Avenida Italia and north of Avenue Rivera. Along with Parque Prado and Parque Rodó it is one of three large parks that dominate Montevideo. The park and surrounding area constitute one of the 62 neighbourhoods (barrios) of the city. The barrio of Parque Batlle is one of seven coastal barrios, the others being Buceo, Carrasco, Malvin, Pocitos, Punta Carretas, and Punta Gorda. The current barrio of Parque Battle includes four former districts: Belgrano, Italiano, Villa Dolores and Batlle Park itself and borders the neighbourhoods of La Blanqueada, Tres Cruces, Pocitos and Buceo. It has a high population density and most of its households are of medium-high- or high-income. Villa Dolores, a subdistrict of Parque Batlle, took its name from the original villa of Don Alejo Rossell y Rius and of Doña Dolores Pereira de Rossel. On their grounds, they started a private collection of animals that became a zoological garden and was passed to the city in 1919; in 1955 the Planetarium of Montevideo was built within its premises.

question: What major public central park is located south of Avenida Italia?, answer: Parque Batlle | question: How many former districts does the current barrio of Parque Battle include?, answer: four | question: What sub district of Parque Batlle took its name from the original villa of Don Alejo Rossell Y Rius?, answer: Villa Dolores
Parque Batlle is named in honour of José Batlle y Ordóñez, President of Uruguay from 1911 to 1915. The park was originally proposed by an Act of March 1907, which also projected wide boulevards and avenues. French landscape architect, Carlos Thays, began the plantings in 1911. In 1918, the park was named Parque de los Aliados, following the victory of the Allies of World War I. On 5 May 1930, after significant expansion, it was again renamed as Parque Batlle y Ordóñez, in memory of the prominent politician and president, who had died in 1929. The park was designated a National Historic Monument Park in 1975. As of 2010[update], the park covers an area of 60 hectares (150 acres) and is considered the "lung" of the Montevideo city due to the large variety of trees planted here.

question: Parque Batlle is named in honor of who?, answer: José Batlle y Ordóñez | question: Jose Batile y Ordonez was president of where?, answer: Uruguay | question: Between what years was Jose batlle y Ordonez president of Uruguay?, answer: 1911 to 1915 | question: Parque Batlle was originally proposed by what?, answer: an Act of March 1907
Parque Rodó is both a barrio (neighbourhood) of Montevideo and a park which lies mostly outside the limits of the neighbourhood itself and belongs to Punta Carretas. The name "Rodó" commemorates José Enrique Rodó, an important Uruguayan writer whose monument is in the southern side of the main park. The park was conceived as a French-style city park. Apart from the main park area which is delimited by Sarmiento Avenue to the south, Parque Rodó includes an amusement park; the Estadio Luis Franzini, belonging to Defensor Sporting; the front lawn of the Faculty of Engineering and a strip west of the Club de Golf de Punta Carretas that includes the Canteras ("quarry") del Parque Rodó, the Teatro de Verano ("summer theatre") and the Lago ("lake") del Parque Rodó.

question: Parque Rodo belongs to who?, answer: Punta Carretas | question: What does the name "Rodo" commemorate?, answer: José Enrique Rodó | question: Who was an important Uruguayan writer that is commemorated by Parque Rodo?, answer: José Enrique Rodó | question: Parque Rodo was originally conceived as what?, answer: a French-style city park
Part of the Haunted Mansion attraction at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, and Disneyland in Paris, France, takes place on an elevator. The "stretching room" on the ride is actually an elevator that travels downwards, giving access to a short underground tunnel which leads to the rest of the attraction. The elevator has no ceiling and its shaft is decorated to look like walls of a mansion. Because there is no roof, passengers are able to see the walls of the shaft by looking up, which gives the illusion of the room stretching.

question: The Haunted Mansion at Disneyland in California and the one in Paris, France sharewhat attribute?, answer: takes place on an elevator | question: What is the name of area that is really an elevator?, answer: The "stretching room" | question: What is included in the elevator's design?, answer: The elevator has no ceiling and its shaft is decorated to look like walls of a mansion | question: What is the illusion given by these effects?, answer: the illusion of the room stretching
Part of the Ottoman territories in the Balkans (such as Thessaloniki, Macedonia and Kosovo) were temporarily lost after 1402 but were later recovered by Murad II between the 1430s and 1450s. On 10 November 1444, Murad II defeated the Hungarian, Polish, and Wallachian armies under Władysław III of Poland (also King of Hungary) and John Hunyadi at the Battle of Varna, the final battle of the Crusade of Varna, although Albanians under Skanderbeg continued to resist. Four years later, John Hunyadi prepared another army (of Hungarian and Wallachian forces) to attack the Turks but was again defeated by Murad II at the Second Battle of Kosovo in 1448.

question: Who recovered Ottoman empire territories in the Balkans in the 1430s to the 1450s?, answer: Murad II | question: Władysław III of Poland was also the king of what?, answer: Hungary | question: What battle took place on 10 November 1444?, answer: Battle of Varna | question: In what battle did Murad II leave as the victory in 1448?, answer: Second Battle of Kosovo | question: On what date were the armies under Władysław III defeated by Murad II?, answer: 10 November 1444
Part of the Russian resistance was credited[by whom?] to the deployment of newly invented blockade mines. Perhaps the most influential contributor to the development of naval mining was a Swede resident in Russia, the inventor and civil engineer Immanuel Nobel (the father of Alfred Nobel). Immanuel Nobel helped the Russian war effort by applying his knowledge of industrial explosives, such as nitroglycerin and gunpowder. One account dates modern naval mining from the Crimean War: "Torpedo mines, if I may use this name given by Fulton to self-acting mines underwater, were among the novelties attempted by the Russians in their defences about Cronstadt and Sevastopol", as one American officer put it in 1860.

question: What greatly benefited the Russian resistance?, answer: newly invented blockade mines | question: Who contributed the most to developing naval mining?, answer: Immanuel Nobel | question: Immanuel Noble had expensive knowledge in what field?, answer: industrial explosives | question: Who named the torpedo mines?, answer: Fulton | question: What was Immanuel Nobel son's name?, answer: Alfred Nobel
Part of the phonological study of a language therefore involves looking at data (phonetic transcriptions of the speech of native speakers) and trying to deduce what the underlying phonemes are and what the sound inventory of the language is. The presence or absence of minimal pairs, as mentioned above, is a frequently used criterion for deciding whether two sounds should be assigned to the same phoneme. However, other considerations often need to be taken into account as well.

question: What type of language study involves trying to deduce underlying phonomes?, answer: phonological | question: Aside from finding out what underlying phonemes are there what does the phonological study of a language try to find out about the language?, answer: sound inventory | question: What kind of speaker data does studying a language phonologically involve examining?, answer: native
Parthia was a north-eastern Iranian satrapy of the Achaemenid empire which later passed on to Alexander's empire. Under the Seleucids, Parthia was governed by various Greek satraps such as Nicanor and Philip (satrap). In 247 BC, following the death of Antiochus II Theos, Andragoras, the Seleucid governor of Parthia, proclaimed his independence and began minting coins showing himself wearing a royal diadem and claiming kingship. He ruled until 238 BCE when Arsaces, the leader of the Parni tribe conquered Parthia, killing Andragoras and inaugurating the Arsacid Dynasty. Antiochus III recaptured Arsacid controlled territory in 209 BC from Arsaces II. Arsaces II sued for peace became a vassal of the Seleucids and it was not until the reign of Phraates I (168–165 BCE), that the Arsacids would again begin to assert their independence.

question: When did Andragoras proclaim his independence?, answer: 247 BC | question: When did Andragoras' reign end?, answer: 238 BCE | question: Who killed Andragoras?, answer: Arsaces | question: What tribe was Arsaces the leader of?, answer: Parni | question: When did Antiochus III regain territory from Arsaces II?, answer: 209 BC
Participation in the Premier League by some Scottish or Irish clubs has sometimes been discussed, but without result. The idea came closest to reality in 1998, when Wimbledon received Premier League approval to relocate to Dublin, Ireland, but the move was blocked by the Football Association of Ireland. Additionally, the media occasionally discusses the idea that Scotland's two biggest teams, Celtic and Rangers, should or will take part in the Premier League, but nothing has come of these discussions.

question: Which team received permission to move to Dublin, Ireland in 1998?, answer: in 1998, when Wimbledon received Premier League approval to relocate to Dublin, Ireland, | question: Are there any clubs Scotland or Ireland in the Premier League?, answer: Participation in the Premier League by some Scottish or Irish clubs has sometimes been discussed, but without result. | question: What are Scotland's two largest teams?, answer: Scotland's two biggest teams, Celtic and Rangers, | question: Why didn't they move to Dublin?, answer: the move was blocked by the Football Association of Ireland. | question: Which team received Premier League approval to relocate to Dublin?, answer: Wimbledon | question: In which year did a Premier League team consider relocating to Ireland?, answer: 1998 | question: Who occasionally discusses a Scottish team joining the Premier League?, answer: the media
Particularly since the mid-1960s there have been advances in understanding of the physics of plant physiological processes such as transpiration (the transport of water within plant tissues), the temperature dependence of rates of water evaporation from the leaf surface and the molecular diffusion of water vapour and carbon dioxide through stomatal apertures. These developments, coupled with new methods for measuring the size of stomatal apertures, and the rate of photosynthesis have enabled precise description of the rates of gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Innovations in statistical analysis by Ronald Fisher, Frank Yates and others at Rothamsted Experimental Station facilitated rational experimental design and data analysis in botanical research. The discovery and identification of the auxin plant hormones by Kenneth V. Thimann in 1948 enabled regulation of plant growth by externally applied chemicals. Frederick Campion Steward pioneered techniques of micropropagation and plant tissue culture controlled by plant hormones. The synthetic auxin 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2,4-D was one of the first commercial synthetic herbicides.

question: What is transpiration?, answer: the transport of water within plant tissues | question: What influences water evaporation on leaves?, answer: temperature | question: What influences the rate of gas produced by plants?, answer: rate of photosynthesis | question: What enables the regulation of plant growth?, answer: auxin plant hormones | question: What can auxin plant hormones also be used as?, answer: herbicides
Partly because of low sanitation coverage about 17,000 children die each year because of diarrhoea. Another challenge is low cost recovery due to water tariffs that are among the lowest in the world. This in turn requires government subsidies even for operating costs, a situation that has been aggravated by salary increases without tariff increases after the Arab Spring. Poor operation of facilities, such as water and wastewater treatment plants, as well as limited government accountability and transparency, are also issues.

question: Because of low sanitation coverage 17,000 Egyptian children to die each year from what condition?, answer: diarrhoea | question: Relative to other countries of world how do Egypts's water tariffs compare?, answer: among the lowest in the world | question: Due to low waer tariffs, what is required to maintain water treatment operation?, answer: government subsidies
Parts of what is now Rajasthan were part of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan, in Hanumangarh district, was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization,. It is believed that Western Kshatrapas (405–35 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians and were contemporaneous with the Kushans, who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with their calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps state. Matsya, a state of the Vedic civilisation of India, is said to roughly corresponded to the former state of Jaipur in Rajasthan and included the whole of Alwar with portions of Bharatpur. The capital of Matsya was at Viratanagar (modern Bairat), which is said to have been named after its founder king Virata.

question: Some portions of Rajasthan were involved with what ancient civilization?, answer: the Indus Valley Civilization | question: In what Indus Valley Civilization district was Kalibangan within?, answer: Hanumangarh district | question: What were the Saka Rulers of Western India believed to be called?, answer: Western Kshatrapas | question: Over what time period were the Western Kshatrapas in power?, answer: 405–35 BC | question: The Kushans ruled what part of the Indian subcontinent?, answer: the northern part
Pascal Boyer argues that while there is a wide array of supernatural concepts found around the world, in general, supernatural beings tend to behave much like people. The construction of gods and spirits like persons is one of the best known traits of religion. He cites examples from Greek mythology, which is, in his opinion, more like a modern soap opera than other religious systems. Bertrand du Castel and Timothy Jurgensen demonstrate through formalization that Boyer's explanatory model matches physics' epistemology in positing not directly observable entities as intermediaries. Anthropologist Stewart Guthrie contends that people project human features onto non-human aspects of the world because it makes those aspects more familiar. Sigmund Freud also suggested that god concepts are projections of one's father.

question: Why does Stewart Guthrie believe that people project their human features onto non human things?, answer: it makes those aspects more familiar | question: What is one of the most common traits of religion according to Boyer?, answer: The construction of gods and spirits like persons | question: What did Frued believe about the belief in God?, answer: god concepts are projections of one's father | question: How does Pascal Boyer believe that gods and other supernatural beings behave?, answer: much like people | question: Who argues that there are lots of supernatural things in the world?, answer: Pascal Boyer | question: How do supernatural entities act?, answer: much like people | question: Which religion does Boyer equate with a modern soap opera?, answer: Greek mythology | question: Who believed that gods are just projections of a person's father?, answer: Sigmund Freud
Passenger elevators capacity is related to the available floor space. Generally passenger elevators are available in capacities from 500 to 2,700 kg (1,000–6,000 lb) in 230 kg (500 lb) increments.[citation needed] Generally passenger elevators in buildings of eight floors or fewer are hydraulic or electric, which can reach speeds up to 1 m/s (200 ft/min) hydraulic and up to 152 m/min (500 ft/min) electric. In buildings up to ten floors, electric and gearless elevators are likely to have speeds up to 3 m/s (500 ft/min), and above ten floors speeds range 3 to 10 m/s (500–2,000 ft/min).[citation needed]

question: What dictates passenger elevator capacities?, answer: the available floor space | question: What capacities are passenger elevators availablee in?, answer: from 500 to 2,700 kg (1,000–6,000 lb) in 230 kg (500 lb) increments | question: What types of passenger elevators are installed in structures of up to eight floors?, answer: hydraulic or electric | question: Hydraulic elevators can reach speeds up to 1m/s or how many feet per minute?, answer: 200 | question: Electric elevators can reach speeds up to 3 m/s or how many feet per minute?, answer: 500
Passive air defence is defined by NATO as "Passive measures taken for the physical defence and protection of personnel, essential installations and equipment in order to minimize the effectiveness of air and/or missile attack". It remains a vital activity by ground forces and includes camouflage and concealment to avoid detection by reconnaissance and attacking aircraft. Measures such as camouflaging important buildings were common in the Second World War. During the Cold War the runways and taxiways of some airfields were painted green.

question: What does NATO define as passive measures to protect people, buildings and equipment from air or missile attacks?, answer: Passive air defence | question: Which group is heavily responsible for passive air defence?, answer: ground forces | question: Passive air defence includes camouflage and what?, answer: concealment | question: What was camouflaged during World War II?, answer: important buildings | question: Some airfield runways were painted green during what war?, answer: the Cold War
Past problems with hydraulic elevators include underground electrolytic destruction of the cylinder and bulkhead, pipe failures, and control failures. Single bulkhead cylinders, typically built prior to a 1972 ASME A17.1 Elevator Safety Code change requiring a second dished bulkhead, were subject to possible catastrophic failure. The code previously permitted only single-bottom hydraulic cylinders. In the event of a cylinder breach, the fluid loss results in uncontrolled down movement of the elevator. This creates two significant hazards: being subject to an impact at the bottom when the elevator stops suddenly and being in the entrance for a potential shear if the rider is partly in the elevator. Because it is impossible to verify the system at all times, the code requires periodic testing of the pressure capability. Another solution to protect against a cylinder blowout is to install a plunger gripping device. One commercially available is known by the marketing name "LifeJacket". This is a device which, in the event of an uncontrolled downward acceleration, nondestructively grips the plunger and stops the car. A device known as an overspeed or rupture valve is attached to the hydraulic inlet/outlet of the cylinder and is adjusted for a maximum flow rate. If a pipe or hose were to break (rupture), the flow rate of the rupture valve will surpass a set limit and mechanically stop the outlet flow of hydraulic fluid, thus stopping the plunger and the car in the down direction.

question: Underground electrolytic malfunctions in hydraulic elevators can result in the destruction of what?, answer: the cylinder and bulkhead | question: What Elevator Safety Code change required a second dished bulkhead?, answer: 1972 ASME A17.1 | question: Before the code change was enacted what was the only permitted hydraulic cylinder type?, answer: single-bottom | question: Once the cylinder is breached, what calamity does the loss of fluid cause?, answer: uncontrolled down movement of the elevator | question: What testing does the code require?, answer: periodic testing of the pressure capability