lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Tennessee has played a critical role in the development of many forms of American popular music, including rock and roll, blues, country, and rockabilly.[not verified in body] Beale Street in Memphis is considered by many to be the birthplace of the blues, with musicians such as W.C. Handy performing in its clubs as early as 1909.[not verified in body] Memphis is also home to Sun Records, where musicians such as Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Roy Orbison, and Charlie Rich began their recording careers, and where rock and roll took shape in the 1950s.[not verified in body] The 1927 Victor recording sessions in Bristol generally mark the beginning of the country music genre and the rise of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1930s helped make Nashville the center of the country music recording industry.[not verified in body] Three brick-and-mortar museums recognize Tennessee's role in nurturing various forms of popular music: the Memphis Rock N' Soul Museum, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, and the International Rock-A-Billy Museum in Jackson. Moreover, the Rockabilly Hall of Fame, an online site recognizing the development of rockabilly in which Tennessee played a crucial role, is based in Nashville.[not verified in body]

question: What locale in Memphis is know as the place where blues was born?, answer: Beale Street | question: What Tennessee recording company first promoted Elvis Presley?, answer: Sun Records | question: Which Tennessee city is home to the Country Music Hall of Fame?, answer: Nashville | question: Which museum celebrating popular music is located in Jackson, Tennessee?, answer: International Rock-A-Billy Museum | question: In which year is W.C. Handy first known to have been playing in Tennessee clubs?, answer: 1909
Tennessee is home to several Protestant denominations, such as the National Baptist Convention (headquartered in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (both headquartered in Memphis); the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy (both headquartered in Cleveland). The Free Will Baptist denomination is headquartered in Antioch; its main Bible college is in Nashville. The Southern Baptist Convention maintains its general headquarters in Nashville. Publishing houses of several denominations are located in Nashville.

question: Which Protestant denomination has its headquarters in Nashville, TN?, answer: National Baptist Convention | question: Which Tennessee city contains the headquarters of the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy?, answer: Cleveland | question: The principle Bible college of the Free Will Baptists is located in which Tennessee city?, answer: Nashville | question: Which two major Protestant denominations are based in Memphis?, answer: Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church
Tennessee is known as the "Volunteer State", a nickname some claimed was earned during the War of 1812 because of the prominent role played by volunteer soldiers from Tennessee, especially during the Battle of New Orleans. Other sources differ on the origin of the state nickname; according to the Columbia Encyclopedia, the name refers to volunteers for the Mexican–American War. This explanation is more likely, because President Polk's call for 2,600 nationwide volunteers at the beginning of the Mexican-American War resulted in 30,000 volunteers from Tennessee alone, largely in response to the death of Davy Crockett and appeals by former Tennessee Governor and now Texas politician, Sam Houston.

question: By what nickname is Tennessee officially known?, answer: Volunteer State | question: Which major conflict that included the Battle of New Orleans is said to have given Tennessee its nickname?, answer: War of 1812 | question: How many volunteers did Tennessee send to the Mexican-American War?, answer: 30,000 | question: What conflict overseen by President Polk might be the source of Tennessee's nickname?, answer: Mexican–American War | question: Which local icon's death inspired many of the Tennessee volunteers during the Mexican-American War?, answer: Davy Crockett
Tennessee politics, like that of most U.S. states, are dominated by the Republican and the Democratic parties. Historian Dewey W. Grantham traces divisions in the state to the period of the American Civil War: for decades afterward, the eastern third of the state was Republican and the western two thirds voted Democrat. This division was related to the state's pattern of farming, plantations and slaveholding. The eastern section was made up of yeoman farmers, but Middle and West Tennessee cultivated crops, such as tobacco and cotton, that were dependent on the use of slave labor. These areas became defined as Democratic after the war.

question: Which are the two main parties in Tennessee politics?, answer: Republican and the Democratic | question: Which part of Tennessee voted more Republican in the years following the Civil War?, answer: eastern | question: What type of farmers inhabited eastern Tennessee in the late 19th century?, answer: yeoman | question: Which crops grown in West Tennessee had required a great deal of slave labor?, answer: tobacco and cotton
Tennessee was admitted to the Union on June 1, 1796 as the 16th state. It was the first state created from territory under the jurisdiction of the United States federal government. Apart from the former Thirteen Colonies only Vermont and Kentucky predate Tennessee's statehood, and neither was ever a federal territory. The state boundaries, according to the Constitution of the State of Tennessee, Article I, Section 31, stated that the beginning point for identifying the boundary was the extreme height of the Stone Mountain, at the place where the line of Virginia intersects it, and basically ran the extreme heights of mountain chains through the Appalachian Mountains separating North Carolina from Tennessee past the Indian towns of Cowee and Old Chota, thence along the main ridge of the said mountain (Unicoi Mountain) to the southern boundary of the state; all the territory, lands and waters lying west of said line are included in the boundaries and limits of the newly formed state of Tennessee. Part of the provision also stated that the limits and jurisdiction of the state would include future land acquisition, referencing possible land trade with other states, or the acquisition of territory from west of the Mississippi River.

question: Which state was the first formed out of federally controlled territory?, answer: Tennessee | question: In addition to the original thirteen, which two states were admitted to the union before Tennessee?, answer: Vermont and Kentucky | question: Which mountain marked the starting point of the Tennessee border described by the state constitution?, answer: Stone Mountain | question: When Tennessee's border was first defined, territory west of which river was considered for future annexation?, answer: Mississippi River
Tennessee's major industries include agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. Poultry, soybeans, and cattle are the state's primary agricultural products, and major manufacturing exports include chemicals, transportation equipment, and electrical equipment. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the nation's most visited national park, is headquartered in the eastern part of the state, and a section of the Appalachian Trail roughly follows the Tennessee-North Carolina border. Other major tourist attractions include the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga; Dollywood in Pigeon Forge; the Parthenon, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville; the Jack Daniel's Distillery in Lynchburg; and Elvis Presley's Graceland residence and tomb, the Memphis Zoo, and the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis.

question: What is Tennessee's primary non-meat agricultural product?, answer: soybeans | question: What trail forms part of the border Tennessee shares with North Carolina?, answer: Appalachian Trail | question: Which national park in Tennessee sees more visitors that any other in the United States?, answer: Great Smoky Mountains National Park | question: Which Tennessee city hosts the state's most famous aquarium?, answer: Chattanooga | question: What tourist attraction is located in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee?, answer: Dollywood
Tennis player Marcos Baghdatis was ranked 8th in the world, was a finalist at the Australian Open, and reached the Wimbledon semi-final, all in 2006. High jumper Kyriakos Ioannou achieved a jump of 2.35 m at the 11th IAAF World Championships in Athletics in Osaka, Japan, in 2007, winning the bronze medal. He has been ranked third in the world. In motorsports, Tio Ellinas is a successful race car driver, currently racing in the GP3 Series for Marussia Manor Motorsport. There is also mixed martial artist Costas Philippou, who competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship promotion's middleweight division. Costas holds a 6-3 record in UFC bouts, and recently defeated "The Monsoon" Lorenz Larkin with a Knockout in the 1st round.

question: Which Cypriot tennis player ranked 8th in the world?, answer: Marcos Baghdatis | question: How high did Kyriakos Ioannou jump in Osaka in 2007?, answer: 2.35 m | question: What organization does Costas Philippou participate in?, answer: Ultimate Fighting Championship | question: Where does Tio Ellinas race?, answer: GP3 Series for Marussia Manor Motorsport
Tensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and historians as "the Northerners". The northern barons rarely had any personal stake in the conflict in France, and many of them owed large sums of money to John; the revolt has been characterised as "a rebellion of the king's debtors". Many of John's military household joined the rebels, particularly amongst those that John had appointed to administrative roles across England; their local links and loyalties outweighed their personal loyalty to John. Tension also grew across North Wales, where opposition to the 1211 treaty between John and Llywelyn was turning into open conflict. For some the appointment of Peter des Roches as justiciar was an important factor, as he was considered an "abrasive foreigner" by many of the barons. The failure of John's French military campaign in 1214 was probably the final straw that precipitated the baronial uprising during John's final years as king; James Holt describes the path to civil war as "direct, short and unavoidable" following the defeat at Bouvines.

question: Where did many of the disaffected barons come from?, answer: north of England | question: Who was appointed justiciar?, answer: Peter des Roches | question: What was the final straw that precipitated the baronial uprising during John's final years as king?, answer: The failure of John's French military campaign
Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign in Central Europe eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. The Royal Navy then thwarted his planned escape to the United States in July, so he surrendered to the British after running out of other options. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received with shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.

question: What nation did Napoleon invade in 1812 to enforce his blockade?, answer: Russia | question: The 1812 invasion of Russia resulted in the collapse of which military unit?, answer: the Grand Army | question: In what year was the Sixth Coalition formed?, answer: 1813 | question: In addition to Russia, the Sixth Coalition consisted of forces from which two nations?, answer: Prussia and Austria | question: In what year did the Allies capture Paris and force Napoleon's abdication?, answer: 1814
Tensions soon developed among different Greek factions, leading to two consecutive civil wars. Meanwhile, the Ottoman Sultan negotiated with Mehmet Ali of Egypt, who agreed to send his son Ibrahim Pasha to Greece with an army to suppress the revolt in return for territorial gain. Ibrahim landed in the Peloponnese in February 1825 and had immediate success: by the end of 1825, most of the Peloponnese was under Egyptian control, and the city of Missolonghi—put under siege by the Turks since April 1825—fell in April 1826. Although Ibrahim was defeated in Mani, he had succeeded in suppressing most of the revolt in the Peloponnese and Athens had been retaken.

question: How many successive civil wars occurred between Greek clans?, answer: two | question: Who did Egypt send to Greece with an Army?, answer: Ibrahim Pasha | question: Ibrahim Pasha landed with his army when?, answer: February 1825 | question: In what year did Missolonghi fall to the Egyptians?, answer: 1826 | question: Ibrahim Pasha finally faced defeat where?, answer: Mani
Ter-Petrosyan led Armenia alongside Defense Minister Vazgen Sargsyan through the Nagorno-Karabakh War with neighboring Azerbaijan. The initial post-Soviet years were marred by economic difficulties, which had their roots early in the Karabakh conflict when the Azerbaijani Popular Front managed to pressure the Azerbaijan SSR to instigate a railway and air blockade against Armenia. This move effectively crippled Armenia's economy as 85% of its cargo and goods arrived through rail traffic. In 1993, Turkey joined the blockade against Armenia in support of Azerbaijan.

question: When did Turkey decide to become part of the blockade against Armenia?, answer: 1993 | question: How does Armenia get most of it's commodities?, answer: rail traffic | question: Who did Armenia fight in teh Nagorno-Karabakh War?, answer: Azerbaijan | question: What prevented Armenia from getting it's commodities?, answer: a railway and air blockade | question: What percent of Armenias commodities were transported via rail traffic?, answer: 85%
Termed "the acoustic equivalent to Prozac", soft adult contemporary, a more adult-oriented version of AC, was born in the late 1970s and grew in the early 1980s. WEEI-FM in Boston was the first station to use the term "soft rock", with ad slogans such as, "Fleetwood Mac ... without the yack" and "Joni ... without the baloney". The vast majority of music played on soft AC stations is mellow, more acoustic, and primarily solo vocalists.

question: What radio format was described as being "the acoustic equivalent to Prozac"?, answer: soft adult contemporary | question: What decade saw the birth of the soft adult contemporary format?, answer: 1970s | question: What radio station introduced the term "soft rock"?, answer: WEEI-FM | question: Where was the station that introduced the term "soft rock" based?, answer: Boston | question: What processed meat, featured in WEEI-FM's ad slogan, rhymes with Joni?, answer: baloney
Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total playing time of a typical LP recording to about forty-five minutes. Many pre-1952 LPs, however, played for about 15 minutes per side. The 7-inch 45 rpm format normally contains one item per side but a 7-inch EP could achieve recording times of 10 to 15 minutes at the expense of attenuating and compressing the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were generally used to make available tracks not on singles including tracks on LPs albums in a smaller, less expensive format for those who had only 45 rpm players. The large center hole on 7-inch 45 rpm records allows for easier handling by jukebox mechanisms. The term "album", originally used to mean a "book" with liner notes, holding several 78 rpm records each in its own "page" or sleeve, no longer has any relation to the physical format: a single LP record, or nowadays more typically a compact disc.

question: What terms are used for recording with more than one track?, answer: long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP | question: What is a typical max playing time of an LP?, answer: forty-five minutes | question: Which format is cheaper, LP or EP?, answer: LPs | question: Which format held recordings ranging from 10 to 15 minutes?, answer: 7-inch EP | question: What was a normal play time per side for LPs?, answer: 22 minutes
Terrestrial annelids can be invasive in some situations. In the glaciated areas of North America, for example, almost all native earthworms are thought to have been killed by the glaciers and the worms currently found in those areas are all introduced from other areas, primarily from Europe, and, more recently, from Asia. Northern hardwood forests are especially negatively impacted by invasive worms through the loss of leaf duff, soil fertility, changes in soil chemistry and the loss of ecological diversity. Especially of concern is Amynthas agrestis and at least one state (Wisconsin) has listed it as a prohibited species.

question: Where were native earthworms killed by glaciers?, answer: glaciated areas of North America | question: Where did most of the current earthworms in glacial areas come from?, answer: Europe | question: What type of forests can be hurt by invasive worms?, answer: Northern hardwood forests
Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benefits of affirmative action would go to those who did not need it, mostly middle class minorities. Additionally, she argues that affirmative action carries with it a stigma that can create feelings of self-doubt and entitlement in minorities. Eastland believes that affirmative action is a great risk that only sometimes pays off, and that without it we would be able to compete more freely with one another. Libertarian economist Thomas Sowell identified what he says are negative results of affirmative action in his book, Affirmative Action Around the World: An Empirical Study. Sowell writes that affirmative action policies encourage non-preferred groups to designate themselves as members of preferred groups [i.e., primary beneficiaries of affirmative action] to take advantage of group preference policies; that they tend to benefit primarily the most fortunate among the preferred group (e.g., upper and middle class blacks), often to the detriment of the least fortunate among the non-preferred groups (e.g., poor white or Asian); that they reduce the incentives of both the preferred and non-preferred to perform at their best – the former because doing so is unnecessary and the latter because it can prove futile – thereby resulting in net losses for society as a whole; and that they engender animosity toward preferred groups as well.:115–147

question: Which book did Terry Eastland write?, answer: From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice | question: What did Eastland believe the founders of affirmative action did not consider?, answer: how the benefits of affirmative action would go to those who did not need it | question: Outside of promoting diversity, was does Eastland believe the other reason to be in favor of affirmative action is?, answer: remedying past discrimination | question: Why does Sowell believe that there is little to no incentive for the preferred minority groups to perform at their best?, answer: because doing so is unnecessary | question: What argument does Sowell make in his claim that non - preferred minorities have less incentive to perform at their best?, answer: because it can prove futile
Terry Neill was recruited by the Arsenal board to replace Bertie Mee on 9 July 1976 and at the age of 34 he became the youngest Arsenal manager to date. With new signings like Malcolm Macdonald and Pat Jennings, and a crop of talent in the side such as Liam Brady and Frank Stapleton, the club enjoyed their best form since the 1971 double, reaching a trio of FA Cup finals (1978, 1979 and 1980), and losing the 1980 European Cup Winners' Cup Final on penalties. The club's only success during this time was a last-minute 3–2 victory over Manchester United in the 1979 FA Cup Final, widely regarded as a classic.

question: On what date was Bertie Mee replaced by Arsenal?, answer: 9 July 1976 | question: What Arsenal manager replaced Mee?, answer: Terry Neill | question: What action brought prosperity to Arsenal?, answer: new signings | question: What number of cup finals did Arsenal reach in, answer: trio | question: In what years did Arsenal get into the FA Cup finals?, answer: 1978, 1979 and 1980
Text is frequently incorporated into comics via speech balloons, captions, and sound effects. Speech balloons indicate dialogue (or thought, in the case of thought balloons), with tails pointing at their respective speakers. Captions can give voice to a narrator, convey characters' dialogue or thoughts, or indicate place or time. Speech balloons themselves are strongly associated with comics, such that the addition of one to an image is sufficient to turn the image into comics. Sound effects mimic non-vocal sounds textually using onomatopoeia sound-words.

question: What association with comics is strong?, answer: Speech balloons | question: The presence of a single speech balloon in an image turns it into what?, answer: comics | question: What type of words are used to do sound effects in comics?, answer: onomatopoeia
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants in either manuscripts or printed books. Ancient scribes made alterations when copying manuscripts by hand. Given a manuscript copy, several or many copies, but not the original document, the textual critic might seek to reconstruct the original text (the archetype or autograph) as closely as possible. The same processes can be used to attempt to reconstruct intermediate versions, or recensions, of a document's transcription history. The ultimate objective of the textual critic's work is the production of a "critical edition" containing a scholarly curated text.

question: What type of documents does a textual critic usually analyze?, answer: a manuscript copy, several or many copies, but not the original document | question: What is the goal of the textual critic?, answer: the production of a "critical edition" containing a scholarly curated text. | question: What is the proper name for textual scholarship?, answer: philology | question: Why are there differences in ancient copies of the same text?, answer: Ancient scribes made alterations when copying manuscripts by hand | question: What do textual critics call a revised edition of a text?, answer: recensions