lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Ann Arbor has a long history of openness to marijuana, given Ann Arbor's decriminalization of cannabis, the large number of medical marijuana dispensaries in the city (one dispensary, called People's Co-op, was directly across the street from Michigan Stadium until zoning forced it to move one mile to the west), the large number of pro-marijuana residents, and the annual Hash Bash: an event that is held on the first Saturday of April. Until (at least) the successful passage of Michigan's medical marijuana law, the event had arguably strayed from its initial intent, although for years, a number of attendees have received serious legal responses due to marijuana use on University of Michigan property, which does not fall under the City's progressive and compassionate ticketing program.

question: What medical dispensarys are there in Ann Arbor?, answer: medical marijuana dispensaries | question: What are the Medical marijuana dispensaries called in the city?, answer: People's Co-op | question: What annual event is held on the 1st saturday of april?, answer: annual Hash Bash
Ann Arbor has a typically Midwestern humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), which is influenced by the Great Lakes. There are four distinct seasons: winters are cold with moderate to heavy snowfall, while summers are very warm and humid, and spring and autumn are short but mild. The area experiences lake effect weather, primarily in the form of increased cloudiness during late fall and early winter. The monthly daily average temperature in July is 72.6 °F (22.6 °C), while the same figure for January is 24.5 °F (−4.2 °C). Temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on 10 days, and drop to or below 0 °F (−18 °C) on 4.6 nights. Precipitation tends to be the heaviest during the summer months, but most frequent during winter. Snowfall, which normally occurs from November to April but occasionally starts in October, averages 58 inches (147 cm) per season. The lowest recorded temperature was −23 °F (−31 °C) on 11 February 1885 and the highest recorded temperature was 105 °F (41 °C) on 24 July 1934.

question: How many seasons are experienced in the city of Ann Arbor?, answer: four | question: When is the precipitation highest in Ann Arbor?, answer: summer | question: What is the average snowfall for the city?, answer: 58 inches
Ann Arbor is a major scene of college sports, most notably at the University of Michigan, a member of the Big Ten Conference. Several well-known college sports facilities exist in the city, including Michigan Stadium, the largest American football stadium in the world. The stadium was completed in 1927 and cost more than $950,000 to build. It has a 109,901 seating capacity after multiple renovations were made. The stadium is colloquially known as "The Big House". Crisler Center and Yost Ice Arena play host to the school's basketball (both men's and women's) and ice hockey teams, respectively. Concordia University, a member of the NAIA, also fields sports teams.

question: Who is the member of the Big Ten Conference in college sports in the city?, answer: University of Michigan | question: Which is the largest American football stadium in the world?, answer: Michigan Stadium | question: What is the Michigan Stadium called colloquially?, answer: The Big House
Ann Arbor is part of Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented in Congress by Representative Debbie Dingell, a Democrat. On the state level, the city is part of the 18th district in the Michigan Senate, represented by Democrat Rebekah Warren. In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell).

question: Who represents the congress in Ann Arbor?, answer: Debbie Dingell | question: On a state level the city is part of which district number?, answer: 18th district | question: Who represents the city in Michigan senate?, answer: Rebekah Warren
Ann Arbor was founded in 1824 by land speculators John Allen and Elisha Walker Rumsey. On 25 May 1824, the town plat was registered with Wayne County as "Annarbour;" this represents the earliest known use of the town's name. Allen and Rumsey decided to name it for their wives, both named Ann, and for the stands of Bur Oak in the 640 acres (260 ha) of land they purchased for $800 from the federal government at $1.25 per acre. The local Ojibwa named the settlement kaw-goosh-kaw-nick, after the sound of Allen's sawmill.

question: Who founded Ann Arbor?, answer: John Allen and Elisha Walker Rumsey | question: What was the profession of the founders of Ann arbor?, answer: land speculators | question: Which tribe named the settlement as kaw-goosh-kaw-nick?, answer: Ojibwa | question: For how much money did the founders purchase the land from the federal government?, answer: $800 | question: What were the names of the founders wives?, answer: Ann
Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as various student movements.

question: When was Ann Arbor founded?, answer: 1824 | question: Which University moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837?, answer: University of Michigan | question: During the 1960's & 70's, Ann Arbor gained a reputation for what?, answer: center for left-wing politics | question: Which type of tree is associated with the city Ann Arbor's name?, answer: Bur Oak
Ann Arbor's "Tree Town" nickname stems from the dense forestation of its parks and residential areas. The city contains more than 50,000 trees along its streets and an equal number in parks. In recent years, the emerald ash borer has destroyed many of the city's approximately 10,500 ash trees. The city contains 157 municipal parks ranging from small neighborhood green spots to large recreation areas. Several large city parks and a university park border sections of the Huron River. Fuller Recreation Area, near the University Hospital complex, contains sports fields, pedestrian and bike paths, and swimming pools. The Nichols Arboretum, owned by the University of Michigan, is a 123-acre (50 ha) arboretum that contains hundreds of plant and tree species. It is on the city's east side, near the university's Central Campus. Located across the Huron River just beyond the university's North Campus is the university's Matthaei Botanical Gardens, which contains 300 acres of gardens and a large tropical conservatory.

question: What is the city of Ann arbor nicknamed as?, answer: Tree Town | question: How many parks are there in the city of Ann Arbor?, answer: 157 | question: What is the name of the Arboretum owned by the University of Michigan?, answer: Nichols Arboretum | question: How big is the Matthaei botanical garden?, answer: 300 acres
Ann Arbor's residential neighborhoods contain architectural styles ranging from classic 19th-century and early-20th-century designs to ranch-style houses. Among these homes are a number of kit houses built in the early 20th century. Contemporary-style houses are farther from the downtown district. Surrounding the University of Michigan campus are houses and apartment complexes occupied primarily by student renters. Tower Plaza, a 26-story condominium building located between the University of Michigan campus and downtown, is the tallest building in Ann Arbor. The 19th-century buildings and streetscape of the Old West Side neighborhood have been preserved virtually intact; in 1972, the district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and it is further protected by city ordinances and a nonprofit preservation group.

question: Which century does the Kit houses belong to?, answer: 20th century | question: Who primarily occupies the complexes surrounding the University?, answer: student renters | question: Which is the tallest building in Ann Arbor?, answer: Tower Plaza | question: When was the city listed on the National Register of historic Places?, answer: 1972
Annelids are members of the protostomes, one of the two major superphyla of bilaterian animals – the other is the deuterostomes, which includes vertebrates. Within the protostomes, annelids used to be grouped with arthropods under the super-group Articulata ("jointed animals"), as segmentation is obvious in most members of both phyla. However, the genes that drive segmentation in arthropods do not appear to do the same in annelids. Arthropods and annelids both have close relatives that are unsegmented. It is at least as easy to assume that they evolved segmented bodies independently as it is to assume that the ancestral protostome or bilaterian was segmented and that segmentation disappeared in many descendant phyla. The current view is that annelids are grouped with molluscs, brachiopods and several other phyla that have lophophores (fan-like feeding structures) and/or trochophore larvae as members of Lophotrochozoa. Bryzoa may be the most basal phylum (the one that first became distinctive) within the Lophotrochozoa, and the relationships between the other members are not yet known. Arthropods are now regarded as members of the Ecdysozoa ("animals that molt"), along with some phyla that are unsegmented.

question: What superphylum are annelids in?, answer: protostomes | question: What is the other superphylum besides protostomes?, answer: deuterostomes | question: What superphylum are vertebrates in?, answer: deuterostomes | question: What does 'Articulata' mean?, answer: jointed animals | question: What are lophophores?, answer: fan-like feeding structures
Annelids with blood vessels use metanephridia to remove soluble waste products, while those without use protonephridia. Both of these systems use a two-stage filtration process, in which fluid and waste products are first extracted and these are filtered again to re-absorb any re-usable materials while dumping toxic and spent materials as urine. The difference is that protonephridia combine both filtration stages in the same organ, while metanephridia perform only the second filtration and rely on other mechanisms for the first – in annelids special filter cells in the walls of the blood vessels let fluids and other small molecules pass into the coelomic fluid, where it circulates to the metanephridia. In annelids the points at which fluid enters the protonephridia or metanephridia are on the forward side of a septum while the second-stage filter and the nephridiopore (exit opening in the body wall) are in the following segment. As a result, the hindmost segment (before the growth zone and pygidium) has no structure that extracts its wastes, as there is no following segment to filter and discharge them, while the first segment contains an extraction structure that passes wastes to the second, but does not contain the structures that re-filter and discharge urine.

question: What do metanephridia remove?, answer: soluble waste products | question: What do annelids without blood vessels do to remove waste?, answer: protonephridia | question: How many stages are there in annelids' waste filtration?, answer: two | question: What annelid system combines both filtration states in one organ?, answer: protonephridia
Annelids' cuticles are made of collagen fibers, usually in layers that spiral in alternating directions so that the fibers cross each other. These are secreted by the one-cell deep epidermis (outermost skin layer). A few marine annelids that live in tubes lack cuticles, but their tubes have a similar structure, and mucus-secreting glands in the epidermis protect their skins. Under the epidermis is the dermis, which is made of connective tissue, in other words a combination of cells and non-cellular materials such as collagen. Below this are two layers of muscles, which develop from the lining of the coelom (body cavity): circular muscles make a segment longer and slimmer when they contract, while under them are longitudinal muscles, usually four distinct strips, whose contractions make the segment shorter and fatter. Some annelids also have oblique internal muscles that connect the underside of the body to each side.

question: How are the layers arranged in annelids' cuticles?, answer: spiral in alternating directions | question: What are annelids' cuticles made out of?, answer: collagen fibers | question: What do non-cuticle annelids use to protect their skin?, answer: mucus-secreting glands in the epidermis | question: What layer is under the epidermis?, answer: the dermis | question: What does 'coelom' mean?, answer: (body cavity
Annual precipitation is 40 inches (1,020 mm) which is fairly spread throughout the year. Owing to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location in South Jersey, Atlantic City receives less snow than a good portion of the rest of New Jersey. Even at the airport, where low temperatures are often much lower than along the coast, snow averages only 16.5 inches (41.9 cm) each winter. It is very common for rain to fall in Atlantic City while the northern and western parts of the state are receiving snow.

question: How many inches of precipitation does Atlantic City receive annually?, answer: 40 inches | question: What is the average number of inches of snow received at the airport annually?, answer: 16.5 inches | question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its location in South Jersey and its proximaty to which body of water?, answer: Atlantic Ocean | question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location where?, answer: South Jersey | question: Atlantic City is different from the northern and western parts of the state in the winter due to its tendency to receive which type of precipitation?, answer: rain
Annual summer events include the Electronic Music Festival, International Jazz Festival, the Woodward Dream Cruise, the African World Festival, the country music Hoedown, Noel Night, and Dally in the Alley. Within downtown, Campus Martius Park hosts large events, including the annual Motown Winter Blast. As the world's traditional automotive center, the city hosts the North American International Auto Show. Held since 1924, America's Thanksgiving Parade is one of the nation's largest. River Days, a five-day summer festival on the International Riverfront lead up to the Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival fireworks, which draw super sized-crowds ranging from hundreds of thousands to over three million people.

question: Which parks hosts the Winter Bash?, answer: Campus Martius Park | question: Which parade started in 1924?, answer: America's Thanksgiving Parade | question: Which festival spans five days?, answer: River Days | question: Which festival draws up to 3 million people?, answer: Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival | question: What is the country music festival in Detroit called?, answer: Hoedown
Another 44 million acres (18 million hectares) are owned by 12 regional, and scores of local, Native corporations created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) of 1971. Regional Native corporation Doyon, Limited often promotes itself as the largest private landowner in Alaska in advertisements and other communications. Provisions of ANCSA allowing the corporations' land holdings to be sold on the open market starting in 1991 were repealed before they could take effect. Effectively, the corporations hold title (including subsurface title in many cases, a privilege denied to individual Alaskans) but cannot sell the land. Individual Native allotments can be and are sold on the open market, however.

question: Which group claims it is Alaska's largest private land owner?, answer: Doyon, Limited | question: What privelege do private Alaskan corporations have that its public citizens do not?, answer: hold title (including subsurface title in many cases | question: Was a law enacted in 1991 allowing corporations to sell land holdings or was it repealed?, answer: repealed before they could take effect
Another Alaskan transportation method is the dogsled. In modern times (that is, any time after the mid-late 1920s), dog mushing is more of a sport than a true means of transportation. Various races are held around the state, but the best known is the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, a 1,150-mile (1,850 km) trail from Anchorage to Nome (although the distance varies from year to year, the official distance is set at 1,049 miles or 1,688 km). The race commemorates the famous 1925 serum run to Nome in which mushers and dogs like Togo and Balto took much-needed medicine to the diphtheria-stricken community of Nome when all other means of transportation had failed. Mushers from all over the world come to Anchorage each March to compete for cash, prizes, and prestige. The "Serum Run" is another sled dog race that more accurately follows the route of the famous 1925 relay, leaving from the community of Nenana (southwest of Fairbanks) to Nome.

question: Which Alaskan way of transport is more for sport than for transportation?, answer: dogsled | question: Which dog-sled race in Alaska is the most famous?, answer: Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race | question: What does the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race commemorate in Alaskan history?, answer: the famous 1925 serum run to Nome | question: Why were sled-dogs used to deliver medicine to Nome in 1925?, answer: all other means of transportation had failed | question: Which dogsled race most accurately follows the route of the 1925 serum run?, answer: "Serum Run"
Another Arabic word sometimes used for Christians, particularly in a political context, is Ṣalībī (صليبي "Crusader") from ṣalīb (صليب "cross") which refers to Crusaders and has negative connotations. However, Salibi is a modern term; historically, Muslim writers described European Christian Crusaders as al-Faranj or Alfranj (الفرنج) and Firinjīyah (الفرنجيّة) in Arabic" This word comes from the Franks and can be seen in the Arab history text Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh by Ali ibn al-Athir.

question: What is the Arabic term when referring to Christians in a political sense?, answer: Ṣalībī | question: Ṣalībī comes from the word ṣalīb, which means what?, answer: cross | question: What does Ṣalībī mean?, answer: Crusader | question: What does Alfranj mean?, answer: European Christian Crusaders
Another action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nationalists and conservatives. The Bolsheviks made peace with the German Empire and the Central Powers, as they had promised the Russian people prior to the Revolution. Vladimir Lenin's decision has been attributed to his sponsorship by the foreign office of Wilhelm II, German Emperor, offered by the latter in hopes that with a revolution, Russia would withdraw from World War I. This suspicion was bolstered by the German Foreign Ministry's sponsorship of Lenin's return to Petrograd. The Western Allies expressed their dismay at the Bolsheviks, upset at:

question: When was the armistice signed between Russia and Central powers?, answer: 1917 | question: What did Central powers concede in exchange for peace?, answer: huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire | question: Who did the Bolsheviks make peace with?, answer: the German Empire | question: What were Vladimir Lenin's decisions caused by?, answer: his sponsorship by the foreign office of Wilhelm II | question: Who did the German sponsorship of Lenin's Petrograd upset?, answer: Western Allies
Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for the internal timing on LaserDisc players, so test discs with Macrovision would not play at all. There was never a push to redesign the format despite the obvious potential for piracy due to its relatively small market share. The industry simply decided to engineer it into the DVD specification.

question: What was the vertical blanking interval used for in LaserDiscs, preventing Macrovision signal to be implemented?, answer: internal timing | question: Why wasn't there a need to redesign the LaserDisc format to prevent piracy?, answer: relatively small market share | question: What protection could not be applied to LaserDiscs, making them prone to piracy?, answer: Macrovision's Copyguard protection
Another approach to brain function is to examine the consequences of damage to specific brain areas. Even though it is protected by the skull and meninges, surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid, and isolated from the bloodstream by the blood–brain barrier, the delicate nature of the brain makes it vulnerable to numerous diseases and several types of damage. In humans, the effects of strokes and other types of brain damage have been a key source of information about brain function. Because there is no ability to experimentally control the nature of the damage, however, this information is often difficult to interpret. In animal studies, most commonly involving rats, it is possible to use electrodes or locally injected chemicals to produce precise patterns of damage and then examine the consequences for behavior.

question: The brain is surrounded by what type of fluid?, answer: cerebrospinal fluid | question: The brain is separated from the bloodstream by what feature?, answer: the blood–brain barrier | question: The two main structures that protect the brain are what?, answer: the skull and meninges | question: What type of disease if often studied to understand damage to the brain?, answer: strokes | question: What type of animal is most commonly used to study brain damage?, answer: rats
Another approach to hardware support for database management was ICL's CAFS accelerator, a hardware disk controller with programmable search capabilities. In the long term, these efforts were generally unsuccessful because specialized database machines could not keep pace with the rapid development and progress of general-purpose computers. Thus most database systems nowadays are software systems running on general-purpose hardware, using general-purpose computer data storage. However this idea is still pursued for certain applications by some companies like Netezza and Oracle (Exadata).

question: What is a CAFS accelerator?, answer: a hardware disk controller with programmable search capabilities | question: Did the CAFS accelerator work as planned?, answer: efforts were generally unsuccessful | question: How are today's database systems run?, answer: general-purpose hardware | question: Name a company that is still working on the CAFS accellerator?, answer: Netezza and Oracle (Exadata)