lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air.

question: At an extremely large airport, what is in place but not usually used?, answer: a circuit | question: What is the frequency called that is used by departing aircraft for the purpose of requesting approach clearance?, answer: Clearance Delivery | question: Which aircraft request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport?, answer: commercial with long routes
At her Silver Jubilee in 1977, the crowds and celebrations were genuinely enthusiastic, but in the 1980s, public criticism of the royal family increased, as the personal and working lives of Elizabeth's children came under media scrutiny. Elizabeth's popularity sank to a low point in the 1990s. Under pressure from public opinion, she began to pay income tax for the first time, and Buckingham Palace was opened to the public. Discontent with the monarchy reached its peak on the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, though Elizabeth's personal popularity and support for the monarchy rebounded after her live television broadcast to the world five days after Diana's death.

question: When was Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee?, answer: 1977 | question: What increased in the 1980s?, answer: public criticism | question: What was the main subject of public criticism in the 80's?, answer: royal family | question: What attribute of Elizabeth fell to low in the 1990s?, answer: popularity | question: What did Elizabeth start paying in the 1990 s?, answer: income tax
At her subsequent trial, the case against Tulisa collapsed at Southwark Crown Court in July 2014, with the judge commenting that there were "strong grounds" to believe that Mahmood had lied at a pre-trial hearing and tried to manipulate evidence against the co-defendant Tulisa. Tulisa was cleared of supplying Class A drugs. After these events, The Sun released a statement saying that the newspaper "takes the Judge's remarks very seriously. Mahmood has been suspended pending an immediate internal investigation."

question: How did the case against Tulisa fare?, answer: collapsed | question: What did the judge in the case state?, answer: Mahmood had lied at a pre-trial hearing and tried to manipulate evidence against the co-defendant Tulisa | question: What type of drugs was Tulisa accused of supplying?, answer: Class A drugs | question: What action did The Sun take against Mahmood?, answer: suspended | question: When was the case against Tulisa tried?, answer: July 2014
At high altitudes, Neptune's atmosphere is 80% hydrogen and 19% helium. A trace amount of methane is also present. Prominent absorption bands of methane exist at wavelengths above 600 nm, in the red and infrared portion of the spectrum. As with Uranus, this absorption of red light by the atmospheric methane is part of what gives Neptune its blue hue, although Neptune's vivid azure differs from Uranus's milder cyan. Because Neptune's atmospheric methane content is similar to that of Uranus, some unknown atmospheric constituent is thought to contribute to Neptune's colour.

question: What is Neptune's atmosphere made of?, answer: 80% hydrogen and 19% helium | question: Where are absorption bands of methane on Neptune?, answer: wavelengths above 600 nm | question: What gives Neptune it's blue hue?, answer: absorption of red light by the atmospheric methane | question: What planet also gets it's color from atmospheric constituent?, answer: Uranus | question: What color is Uranus, compared to Neptune?, answer: cyan
At its greatest extent, the Achaemenid Empire included the modern territories of Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, much of the Black Sea coastal regions, northeastern Greece and southern Bulgaria (Thrace), northern Greece and Macedonia (Paeonia and Ancient Macedon), Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, all significant ancient population centers of ancient Egypt as far west as Libya, Kuwait, northern Saudi Arabia, parts of the UAE and Oman, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and much of Central Asia, making it the first world government and the largest empire the world had yet seen.

question: What was the first world goverment the world had seen at the time it existed?, answer: the Achaemenid Empire | question: What was the largest empire the world had seen at the time it existed?, answer: the Achaemenid Empire | question: What sea did the Achaemenid Empire control the majority of the coastal regions of?, answer: the Black Sea | question: The Achaemenid Empire expanded into what part of Asia?, answer: Central Asia | question: The Achaemenid Empire controlled all of the significant settlements of what ancient country during its greatest extent?, answer: ancient Egypt
At its press conference at the 2007 Tokyo Game Show, Sony announced DualShock 3 (trademarked DUALSHOCK 3), a PlayStation 3 controller with the same function and design as Sixaxis, but with vibration capability included. Hands-on accounts describe the controller as being noticeably heavier than the standard Sixaxis controller and capable of vibration forces comparable to DualShock 2. It was released in Japan on November 11, 2007; in North America on April 5, 2008; in Australia on April 24, 2008; in New Zealand on May 9, 2008; in mainland Europe on July 2, 2008, and in the United Kingdom and Ireland on July 4, 2008.

question: What did Sony name their vibrating PS3 controller?, answer: DualShock 3 | question: At what event at the Tokyo Game Show was the DualShock 3 first announced?, answer: press conference | question: What did many people who handled the DualShock 3 say it was compared to the Sixaxis?, answer: heavier | question: What was the first country to be able to buy the new DualShock 3 in stores?, answer: Japan | question: On what date was the DualShock three released in Australia?, answer: April 24, 2008
At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.

question: The Xbox 360 Pro included what size hard drive storage?, answer: 20 GB | question: What was the official name of the lower-priced 360 SKU at launch?, answer: Xbox 360 Core | question: The Xbox 360 Elite eventually launched at what price point?, answer: US$479 | question: The 360 Pro's original storage was replaced by a hard drive of what size in 2008?, answer: 60 GB | question: What did Microsoft name the SKU that replaced the 360 Core?, answer: Xbox 360 Arcade
At least 74 species of Iranian wildlife are on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, a sign of serious threats against the country’s biodiversity. The Iranian Parliament has been showing disregard for wildlife by passing laws and regulations such as the act that lets the Ministry of Industries and Mines exploit mines without the involvement of the Department of Environment, and by approving large national development projects without demanding comprehensive study of their impact on wildlife habitats.

question: The Iranian Parliament does not demand environmental impact studies before approving what projects?, answer: large national development projects | question: How many species of Iranian wildlife are listed by the IUCN as endangered?, answer: 74 species | question: The Iranian Parliament lets who exploit mines without guidance from the Department of the Environment?, answer: Ministry of Industries and Mines | question: The Iranian Parliament passes legislation without the involvement of what department to the detriment of wildlife?, answer: Department of Environment
At least a few insects have nociceptors, cells that detect and transmit sensations of pain. This was discovered in 2003 by studying the variation in reactions of larvae of the common fruitfly Drosophila to the touch of a heated probe and an unheated one. The larvae reacted to the touch of the heated probe with a stereotypical rolling behavior that was not exhibited when the larvae were touched by the unheated probe. Although nociception has been demonstrated in insects, there is no consensus that insects feel pain consciously

question: How many insects have nociceptors?, answer: a few | question: Cells that detect and transmit pain are called what?, answer: nociceptors | question: When were nociceptors discovered?, answer: 2003 | question: Nociceptors were discovered by studying the common what?, answer: fruitfly Drosophila | question: Which probe did the larvae react to?, answer: the heated probe
At least where the digital audio tracks were concerned, the sound quality was unsurpassed at the time compared to consumer videotape, but the quality of the analog soundtracks varied greatly depending on the disc and, sometimes, the player. Many early and lower-end LD players had poor analog audio components, and many early discs had poorly mastered analog audio tracks, making digital soundtracks in any form most desirable to serious enthusiasts. Early DiscoVision and LaserDisc titles lacked the digital audio option, but many of those movies received digital sound in later re-issues by Universal, and the quality of analog audio tracks generally got far better as time went on. Many discs that had originally carried old analog stereo tracks received new Dolby Stereo and Dolby Surround tracks instead, often in addition to digital tracks, helping boost sound quality. Later analog discs also applied CX Noise Reduction, which improved the signal-noise ratio of their audio.

question: Was sound quality from disc to disc and between players consistent or varied?, answer: varied greatly | question: Was analog or digital formatting more popular with enthusiasts?, answer: digital | question: What result did adding CX Noise Reduction have on analog discs?, answer: improved the signal-noise ratio of their audio | question: Which company added digital sound option when re-releasing movies?, answer: Universal
At low frequencies (such as AM broadcast), arrays of vertical towers are used to achieve directionality and they will occupy large areas of land. For reception, a long Beverage antenna can have significant directivity. For non directional portable use, a short vertical antenna or small loop antenna works well, with the main design challenge being that of impedance matching. With a vertical antenna a loading coil at the base of the antenna may be employed to cancel the reactive component of impedance; small loop antennas are tuned with parallel capacitors for this purpose.

question: For radio broadcast that one would hear in their car what type of towers are used?, answer: vertical | question: If one wished to take an antenna to different locations, which type would be best?, answer: short vertical antenna | question: Why is this specific antenna type used?, answer: achieve directionality | question: What is a problem one might encounter when using a portable antenna?, answer: impedance matching
At no more than 200 kilometres (120 mi) north to south and 130 kilometres (81 mi) east to west, Swaziland is one of the smallest countries in Africa. Despite its size, however, its climate and topography is diverse, ranging from a cool and mountainous highveld to a hot and dry lowveld. The population is primarily ethnic Swazis whose language is siSwati. They established their kingdom in the mid-18th century under the leadership of Ngwane III; the present boundaries were drawn up in 1881. After the Anglo-Boer War, Swaziland was a British protectorate from 1903 until 1967. It regained its independence on 6 September 1968.

question: How wide is Swaziland in miles??, answer: 81 mi | question: What is the primary language spoken by the people in Swaziland?, answer: siSwati | question: In terms of size where does Swaziland rank within Africa in terms of country size?, answer: one of the smallest | question: When did the ethnic Swazis establish a kingdom?, answer: mid-18th century | question: Who was the leader of the 18th century Swazi kingdom?, answer: Ngwane III
At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both.

question: How many Puerto Ricans are there?, answer: At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups | question: Does Florida have a high Hispanic population?, answer: increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii | question: Do they speak Spanish fluently?, answer: Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish | question: Are Hispanics in Hawaii?, answer: 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | question: Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland?, answer: many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States
At present the A35 autoroute, which parallels the Rhine between Karlsruhe and Basel, and the A4 autoroute, which links Paris with Strasbourg, penetrate close to the centre of the city. The Grand contournement ouest (GCO) project, programmed since 1999, plans to construct a 24 km (15 mi) long highway connection between the junctions of the A4 and the A35 autoroutes in the north and of the A35 and A352 autoroutes in the south. This routes well to the west of the city and is meant to divest a significant portion of motorized traffic from the unité urbaine.

question: What route parallels the Rhine?, answer: A35 autoroute | question: What year did the Grand contournement ouest project open?, answer: 1999 | question: How far is the connection between junctions A4 and the A35?, answer: 24 km | question: The traffic coming west of the city is from where?, answer: unité urbaine
At present the Alps are one of the more popular tourist destinations in the world with many resorts such Oberstdorf, in Bavaria, Saalbach in Austria, Davos in Switzerland, Chamonix in France, and Cortina d'Ampezzo in Italy recording more than a million annual visitors. With over 120 million visitors a year tourism is integral to the Alpine economy with much it coming from winter sports although summer visitors are an important component of the tourism industry.

question: What's one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world?, answer: the Alps | question: Where is Saalbach located?, answer: Austria | question: How many people visit the Alps every year?, answer: over 120 million | question: What is an integral part of the Alpine economy?, answer: tourism
At present, plans are being considered for building a new dual carriageway west of Strasbourg, which would reduce the buildup of traffic in that area by picking up north and southbound vehicles and getting rid of the buildup outside Strasbourg. The line plans to link up the interchange of Hœrdt to the north of Strasbourg, with Innenheim in the southwest. The opening is envisaged at the end of 2011, with an average usage of 41,000 vehicles a day. Estimates of the French Works Commissioner however, raised some doubts over the interest of such a project, since it would pick up only about 10% of the traffic of the A35 at Strasbourg. Paradoxically, this reversed the situation of the 1950s. At that time, the French trunk road left of the Rhine not been built, so that traffic would cross into Germany to use the Karlsruhe-Basel Autobahn.

question: What is currently being planed west of Strasbourg?, answer: new dual carriageway | question: What would the use of a new carriageway do in Alsace?, answer: reduce the buildup of traffic in that area | question: What is the name the German Highway that would of been crossed with the French Truck road?, answer: Karlsruhe-Basel Autobahn | question: The new line is (carriageway) would link which other intersections?, answer: Hœrdt to the north of Strasbourg, with Innenheim in the southwest
At present, the full name of the government of Nanjing is "People's Government of Nanjing City" and the city is under the one-party rule of the CPC, with the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary as the de facto governor of the city and the mayor as the executive head of the government working under the secretary.

question: What is the full name for Nanjing's government?, answer: "People's Government of Nanjing City" | question: How many parties rule Nanjing?, answer: one-party | question: What party rules Nanjing?, answer: the CPC | question: Who is considered to be the governor of Nanjing?, answer: the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary | question: who is the executive leader of Nanjing, working under the secretary?, answer: the mayor
At the 1912 Salon d'Automne an architectural installation was exhibited that quickly became known as Maison Cubiste (Cubist House), signed Raymond Duchamp-Villon and André Mare along with a group of collaborators. Metzinger and Gleizes in Du "Cubisme", written during the assemblage of the "Maison Cubiste", wrote about the autonomous nature of art, stressing the point that decorative considerations should not govern the spirit of art. Decorative work, to them, was the "antithesis of the picture". "The true picture" wrote Metzinger and Gleizes, "bears its raison d'être within itself. It can be moved from a church to a drawing-room, from a museum to a study. Essentially independent, necessarily complete, it need not immediately satisfy the mind: on the contrary, it should lead it, little by little, towards the fictitious depths in which the coordinative light resides. It does not harmonize with this or that ensemble; it harmonizes with things in general, with the universe: it is an organism...". "Mare's ensembles were accepted as frames for Cubist works because they allowed paintings and sculptures their independence", writes Christopher Green, "creating a play of contrasts, hence the involvement not only of Gleizes and Metzinger themselves, but of Marie Laurencin, the Duchamp brothers (Raymond Duchamp-Villon designed the facade) and Mare's old friends Léger and Roger La Fresnaye". La Maison Cubiste was a fully furnished house, with a staircase, wrought iron banisters, a living room—the Salon Bourgeois, where paintings by Marcel Duchamp, Metzinger (Woman with a Fan), Gleizes, Laurencin and Léger were hung—and a bedroom. It was an example of L'art décoratif, a home within which Cubist art could be displayed in the comfort and style of modern, bourgeois life. Spectators at the Salon d'Automne passed through the full-scale 10-by-3-meter plaster model of the ground floor of the facade, designed by Duchamp-Villon. This architectural installation was subsequently exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show, New York, Chicago and Boston, listed in the catalogue of the New York exhibit as Raymond Duchamp-Villon, number 609, and entitled "Facade architectural, plaster" (Façade architecturale).

question: How big was the model of La Maison Cubiste?, answer: 10-by-3-meter | question: Which Metzinger piece was hung in La Maison Cubiste?, answer: Woman with a Fan | question: What was La Maison Cubiste ?, answer: a fully furnished house
At the 1966 "Man the Hunter" conference, anthropologists Richard Borshay Lee and Irven DeVore suggested that egalitarianism was one of several central characteristics of nomadic hunting and gathering societies because mobility requires minimization of material possessions throughout a population. Therefore, no surplus of resources can be accumulated by any single member. Other characteristics Lee and DeVore proposed were flux in territorial boundaries as well as in demographic composition.

question: At what conference did Richard Borshay speak?, answer: Man the Hunter | question: When was the Man the Hunter conference?, answer: 1966 | question: Why is there a lessening of material possessions in hunting and gathering groups?, answer: mobility | question: What can decreased material possessions produce in a hunter-gatherer society?, answer: egalitarianism | question: What other characteristic is variable for these groups?, answer: territorial boundaries
At the 2001 Census, 92.4 per cent of the city's populace was White—including one per cent White Irish—3.8 per cent were South Asian, 1.0 per cent Black, 1.3 per cent Chinese or other ethnic groups, and 1.5 per cent were of Mixed Race.

question: What race makes up the vast majority of Southampton's population?, answer: White | question: What percentage of the population of Southampton is Black, according to the 2001 Census?, answer: 1.0 | question: Going by the 2001 Census, what percentage of Southampton's population is of mixed race?, answer: 1.5 | question: What percentage of the white population did the 2001 Census show were White Irish?, answer: one | question: According to the 2001 Census, what race comprises 3.8% of people living in Southampton?, answer: South Asian
At the 2004 Summer Olympics, Bermuda competed in sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events. In those Olympics, Bermuda's Katura Horton-Perinchief made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games. Bermuda has had one Olympic medallist, Clarence Hill, who won a bronze medal in boxing. Bermuda also competed in Men's Skeleton at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. Patrick Singleton placed 19th, with a final time of 1:59.81. Jillian Teceira competed in the Beijing Olympics in 2008. It is tradition for Bermuda to march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts, regardless of the summer or winter Olympic celebration. Bermuda also competes in the biennial Island Games, which it hosted in 2013.

question: What events did Bermuda compete in at the 2004 Summer Olympics?, answer: sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events | question: What did Katura Horton-Perinchief do?, answer: made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games. | question: What is the only medal Bermuda has ever won?, answer: bronze medal in boxing. | question: What is the Olympic tradition for Bermuda, regardless of season?, answer: march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts