lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
For example, 1920×1080p25 identifies progressive scanning format with 25 frames per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 25 frames (50 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 1080i30 or 1080i60 notation identifies interlaced scanning format with 30 frames (60 fields) per second, each frame being 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high. The 720p60 notation identifies progressive scanning format with 60 frames per second, each frame being 720 pixels high; 1,280 pixels horizontally are implied.

question: What size is each 1920x1080p25 frame?, answer: 1,920 pixels wide and 1,080 pixels high | question: The 1920x1080p25 notion identifies progressive scanning format with how many frames per second?, answer: 25 | question: The 1080i25 or 1080i50 notion identifies interlaced scanning format with how many frames per second?, answer: 25 | question: The 1080i30 or 1080i60 notion identifies interlaced scanning format with how many frames per second?, answer: 30 | question: The 720p60 notion identifies progressive scanning format with how many frames per second?, answer: 60
For example, The London Review of 1861 (Telford and Barber, unsigned) in reviewing several works by Rawlinson, Layard and others, defined themselves as making:

question: When was the London Review?, answer: 1861 | question: Rawlinson, Layard and others were reviewed in what?, answer: The London Review of 1861 | question: Who wrote The London Review of 1861?, answer: (Telford and Barber
For example, at 30 MHz (10 m wavelength) a true resonant 1⁄4-wavelength monopole would be almost 2.5 meters long, and using an antenna only 1.5 meters tall would require the addition of a loading coil. Then it may be said that the coil has lengthened the antenna to achieve an electrical length of 2.5 meters. However, the resulting resistive impedance achieved will be quite a bit lower than the impedance of a resonant monopole, likely requiring further impedance matching. In addition to a lower radiation resistance, the reactance becomes higher as the antenna size is reduced, and the resonant circuit formed by the antenna and the tuning coil has a Q factor that rises and eventually causes the bandwidth of the antenna to be inadequate for the signal being transmitted. This is the major factor that sets the size of antennas at 1 MHz and lower frequencies.

question: What can be added to allow for an antenna shorter than the needed height to produce desired results?, answer: loading coil | question: How would the resistive impedance from this scenario compare to if the antenna was the proper height?, answer: lower | question: The coil has lengthed the antenna to reach how much length electrically?, answer: 2.5 meters | question: What is the major thing that sets the size of antennas at lower frequencies?, answer: reactance
For example, character 10 represents the "line feed" function (which causes a printer to advance its paper), and character 8 represents "backspace". RFC 2822 refers to control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters. Except for the control characters that prescribe elementary line-oriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document. Other schemes, such as markup languages, address page and document layout and formatting.

question: What does the "line feed" function do?, answer: causes a printer to advance its paper | question: What character represents the "line feed" function?, answer: character 10 | question: What does character 8 represent?, answer: backspace | question: What does RFC 2822 refers to what kind of control characters?, answer: control characters that do not include carriage return, line feed or white space as non-whitespace control characters
For example, consider electron–positron annihilation, in which the rest mass of individual particles is destroyed, but the inertia equivalent of the system of the two particles (its invariant mass) remains (since all energy is associated with mass), and this inertia and invariant mass is carried off by photons which individually are massless, but as a system retain their mass. This is a reversible process – the inverse process is called pair creation – in which the rest mass of particles is created from energy of two (or more) annihilating photons. In this system the matter (electrons and positrons) is destroyed and changed to non-matter energy (the photons). However, the total system mass and energy do not change during this interaction.

question: What is it called when the rest mass of individual particles is destroyed but the inertia equivalent of the system of the two particles remains?, answer: electron–positron annihilation | question: What is the inverse process called?, answer: pair creation | question: What is the process in which the rest mass of particles is created from energy of two or more annihilating photons?, answer: pair creation
For example, one might refer to the A above middle C as a', A4, or 440 Hz. In standard Western equal temperament, the notion of pitch is insensitive to "spelling": the description "G4 double sharp" refers to the same pitch as A4; in other temperaments, these may be distinct pitches. Human perception of musical intervals is approximately logarithmic with respect to fundamental frequency: the perceived interval between the pitches "A220" and "A440" is the same as the perceived interval between the pitches A440 and A880. Motivated by this logarithmic perception, music theorists sometimes represent pitches using a numerical scale based on the logarithm of fundamental frequency. For example, one can adopt the widely used MIDI standard to map fundamental frequency, f, to a real number, p, as follows

question: The notion of pitch is insensitive to what?, answer: spelling | question: The description "G4 double sharp" refers to the same pitch as what?, answer: A4 | question: Human perception of musical intervals is approximately what?, answer: logarithmic | question: Music theorist represent pitches using what kind of scale?, answer: numerical
For example, the Italian and French words for various foods, some family relationships, and body parts are very similar to each other, yet most of those words are completely different in Spanish. Italian "avere" and "essere" as auxiliaries for forming compound tenses are used similarly to French "avoir" and "être". Spanish only retains "haber" and has done away with "ser" in forming compound tenses. However, when it comes to phonological structures, Italian and Spanish have undergone less change than French, with the result that some native speakers of Italian and Spanish may attain a degree of mutual comprehension that permits extensive communication.[citation needed]

question: What Italian word is similar to the French word "avoir"?, answer: avere | question: What French word is similar to the Italian word "essere"?, answer: être | question: What two languages have the possibility for significant mutual intelligibility?, answer: Italian and Spanish | question: Along with foods and family relationships, what sorts of words are similar in French and Italian?, answer: body parts | question: When forming compound tenses in Spanish, what auxiliary is no longer used?, answer: sere
For example, the full name of Oda Nobunaga would be "Oda Kazusanosuke Saburo Nobunaga" (織田上総介三郎信長), in which "Oda" is a clan or family name, "Kazusanosuke" is a title of vice-governor of Kazusa province, "Saburo" is a formal nickname (yobina), and "Nobunaga" is an adult name (nanori) given at genpuku, the coming of age ceremony. A man was addressed by his family name and his title, or by his yobina if he did not have a title. However, the nanori was a private name that could be used by only a very few, including the Emperor.

question: What did Nobunaga mean?, answer: an adult name (nanori) given at genpuku, the coming of age ceremony | question: What did Kazusanosuke mean?, answer: a title of vice-governor of Kazusa province | question: What did Saburo mean?, answer: a formal nickname (yobina) | question: What did Oda mean?, answer: a clan or family name | question: What was Oda Nobunaga's full name?, answer: Oda Kazusanosuke Saburo Nobunaga
For fortification, however, a 2003 review recommended zinc oxide in cereals as cheap, stable, and as easily absorbed as more expensive forms. A 2005 study found that various compounds of zinc, including oxide and sulfate, did not show statistically significant differences in absorption when added as fortificants to maize tortillas. A 1987 study found that zinc picolinate was better absorbed than zinc gluconate or zinc citrate. However, a study published in 2008 determined that zinc glycinate is the best absorbed of the four dietary supplement types available.

question: Zinc oxide is used to fortify what product?, answer: cereals | question: In what product did various compounds of zinc show little difference in absorption?, answer: maize tortillas | question: What compound is better absorbed than zinc gluconate?, answer: zinc picolinate | question: What is the best absorbed dietary zinc compound?, answer: zinc glycinate
For girls, early maturation can sometimes lead to increased self-consciousness, though a typical aspect in maturing females. Because of their bodies' developing in advance, pubescent girls can become more insecure and dependent. Consequently, girls that reach sexual maturation early are more likely than their peers to develop eating disorders (such as anorexia nervosa). Nearly half of all American high school girls' diets are to lose weight. In addition, girls may have to deal with sexual advances from older boys before they are emotionally and mentally mature. In addition to having earlier sexual experiences and more unwanted pregnancies than late maturing girls, early maturing girls are more exposed to alcohol and drug abuse. Those who have had such experiences tend to perform not as well in school as their "inexperienced" peers.

question: Are girls reaching sexual maturation early more or less likely to develop eating disorers?, answer: more likely | question: Nearly half of Americam high school girls hope to achieve what goal with their diet?, answer: lose weight | question: Are early or late maturing girls more exposed to alcohol and drug abuse?, answer: early maturing | question: Do early or late maturing girls have more unwanted pregnancies?, answer: early maturing | question: Who performs better in school: sexually experienced or inexperienced teen females?, answer: inexperienced
For guidance in practical application of Jewish law, the majority of Orthodox Jews appeal to the Shulchan Aruch ("Code of Jewish Law" composed in the 16th century by Rabbi Joseph Caro) together with its surrounding commentaries. Thus, at a general level, there is a large degree of uniformity amongst all Orthodox Jews. Concerning the details, however, there is often variance: decisions may be based on various of the standardized codes of Jewish Law that have been developed over the centuries, as well as on the various responsa. These codes and responsa may differ from each other as regards detail (and reflecting the above philosophical differences, as regards the weight assigned to these). By and large, however, the differences result from the historic dispersal of the Jews and the consequent development of differences among regions in their practices (see minhag).

question: What do Orthodox Jews turn to for guidance and practical application of jewish law?, answer: Shulchan Aruch | question: there is a large degree of what amongst all orthodox jews?, answer: uniformity | question: What is the differences among regions in practices known as?, answer: minhag | question: Why are the codes and responsa different in regards to details?, answer: philosophical differences
For horizontal propagation between transmitting and receiving antennas situated near the ground reasonably far from each other, the distances traveled by tne direct and reflected rays are nearly the same. There is almost no relative phase shift. If the emission is polarized vertically, the two fields (direct and reflected) add and there is maximum of received signal. If the signal is polarized horizontally, the two signals subtract and the received signal is largely cancelled. The vertical plane radiation patterns are shown in the image at right. With vertical polarization there is always a maximum for θ=0, horizontal propagation (left pattern). For horizontal polarization, there is cancellation at that angle. Note that the above formulae and these plots assume the ground as a perfect conductor. These plots of the radiation pattern correspond to a distance between the antenna and its image of 2.5λ. As the antenna height is increased, the number of lobes increases as well.

question: What is between recieving and transmitting antenna's?, answer: horizontal propagation | question: When is the emission at maximized recieved signal?, answer: polarized vertically | question: Where is the radiation patterns in the vertical plane shown?, answer: image at right | question: What is also increased along with the antenna's height?, answer: lobes
For instance, a common use of a database system is to track information about users, their name, login information, various addresses and phone numbers. In the navigational approach all of this data would be placed in a single record, and unused items would simply not be placed in the database. In the relational approach, the data would be normalized into a user table, an address table and a phone number table (for instance). Records would be created in these optional tables only if the address or phone numbers were actually provided.

question: How is information stored in a navigational system?, answer: in a single record | question: How is a database system frequently used?, answer: to track information about users | question: How is information stored in a relational system?, answer: normalized into a user table | question: What happens to blank data fields in a navigational system?, answer: not be placed in the database
For instance, a phased array consists of two or more simple antennas which are connected together through an electrical network. This often involves a number of parallel dipole antennas with a certain spacing. Depending on the relative phase introduced by the network, the same combination of dipole antennas can operate as a "broadside array" (directional normal to a line connecting the elements) or as an "end-fire array" (directional along the line connecting the elements). Antenna arrays may employ any basic (omnidirectional or weakly directional) antenna type, such as dipole, loop or slot antennas. These elements are often identical.

question: How many antenna would make up a phased array?, answer: two or more | question: What determines if the antenna creates a broadside array or an end fire array?, answer: relative phase | question: What are the two standard antenna types?, answer: omnidirectional or weakly directional | question: How are antennas oriented when arranged with specific spacing?, answer: parallel
For instance, if a transmitter delivers 100 W into an antenna having an efficiency of 80%, then the antenna will radiate 80 W as radio waves and produce 20 W of heat. In order to radiate 100 W of power, one would need to use a transmitter capable of supplying 125 W to the antenna. Note that antenna efficiency is a separate issue from impedance matching, which may also reduce the amount of power radiated using a given transmitter. If an SWR meter reads 150 W of incident power and 50 W of reflected power, that means that 100 W have actually been absorbed by the antenna (ignoring transmission line losses). How much of that power has actually been radiated cannot be directly determined through electrical measurements at (or before) the antenna terminals, but would require (for instance) careful measurement of field strength. Fortunately the loss resistance of antenna conductors such as aluminum rods can be calculated and the efficiency of an antenna using such materials predicted.

question: What would need to be placed into the transmitter to create ten W oh warmth?, answer: 100 W | question: What would need to be investigated to determine how much power was radiated?, answer: electrical measurements | question: What factor may play a hand in lessened power from a transmitter?, answer: impedance matching
For instance, to look up the character where the sound is not known, e.g., 松 (pine tree), the user first determines which part of the character is the radical (here 木), then counts the number of strokes in the radical (four), and turns to the radical index (usually located on the inside front or back cover of the dictionary). Under the number "4" for radical stroke count, the user locates 木, then turns to the page number listed, which is the start of the listing of all the characters containing this radical. This page will have a sub-index giving remainder stroke numbers (for the non-radical portions of characters) and page numbers. The right half of the character also contains four strokes, so the user locates the number 4, and turns to the page number given. From there, the user must scan the entries to locate the character he or she is seeking. Some dictionaries have a sub-index which lists every character containing each radical, and if the user knows the number of strokes in the non-radical portion of the character, he or she can locate the correct page directly.

question: What contains four strokes?, answer: right half of the character | question: What do some dictionaries have?, answer: sub-index | question: What gives remaining stroke numbers?, answer: sub-index
For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams, all from the United States; however, upon the completion of the regular season, the league announced that the two teams it had assumed operation of during the season would cease all operations effective immediately; a regular season game slated between the two had previously been canceled and declared a tie. Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL. The AFL is divided into two conferences – the American Conference and National Conference. Starting 2016, each conference will have only four teams as the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for "reasons not associated with League operations."

question: How many teams were there in the 2015 season?, answer: 12 | question: How many conferences does the AFL have?, answer: 2 | question: What are these conferences in the AFL named?, answer: American Conference and National Conference | question: Which team was the Champion in the 2015 season?, answer: San Jose SaberCats | question: How many teams played in the Arena Football League in the 2015 season?, answer: 12 | question: What team left the AFL after the 2015 season to join another league?, answer: Spokane Shock | question: What league did the Spokane Shock join after the 2015 season?, answer: IFL | question: Along with the American Conference, what is the other conference in the AFL?, answer: National Conference | question: As of 2016, how many teams does each conference have?, answer: four
For its complete North American release, the Nintendo Entertainment System was progressively released over the ensuing years in four different bundles: the Deluxe Set, the Control Deck, the Action Set and the Power Set. The Deluxe Set, retailing at US$199.99 (equivalent to $475 in 2016), included R.O.B., a light gun called the NES Zapper, two controllers, and two Game Paks: Gyromite, and Duck Hunt. The Basic Set, retailing at US$89.99 with no game, and US$99.99 bundled with "Super Mario Bros." The Action Set, retailing in 1988 for US$149.99, came with the Control Deck, two game controllers, an NES Zapper, and a dual Game Pak containing both Super Mario Bros. and Duck Hunt. In 1989, the Power Set included the console, two game controllers, a NES Zapper, a Power Pad, and a triple Game Pak containing Super Mario Bros, Duck Hunt, and World Class Track Meet. In 1990, a Sports Set bundle was released, including the console, an NES Satellite infrared wireless multitap adapter, four game controllers, and a dual Game Pak containing Super Spike V'Ball and Nintendo World Cup. Two more bundle packages were later released using the original model NES console. The Challenge Set of 1992 included the console, two controllers, and a Super Mario Bros. 3 Game Pak for a retail price of US$89.99. The Basic Set, first released in 1987, was repackaged for a retail US$89.99. It included only the console and two controllers, and no longer was bundled with a cartridge. Instead, it contained a book called the Official Nintendo Player's Guide, which contained detailed information for every NES game made up to that point.

question: How much was the selling price equivalent to in today's money?, answer: $475 | question: How much did the Deluxe NES sell for?, answer: US$199.99 | question: How much did the console sell for bundled with just the Super Mario Bros. game?, answer: US$99.99 | question: Super Mario Bros was paired with which game in the Action Set?, answer: Duck Hunt | question: The Basic Set sold for how much at release?, answer: US$89.99
For its part, the Soviet Union harbored fears of invasion. Having suffered at least 27 million casualties during World War II after being invaded by Nazi Germany in 1941, the Soviet Union was wary of its former ally, the United States, which until late 1949 was the sole possessor of atomic weapons. The United States had used these weapons operationally during World War II, and it could use them again against the Soviet Union, laying waste its cities and military centers. Since the Americans had a much larger air force than the Soviet Union, and the United States maintained advance air bases near Soviet territory, in 1947 Stalin ordered the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) in order to counter the perceived American threat.

question: How many casualties did the Soviet Union have during WWII?, answer: 27 million | question: The Soviet Union was first invaded by Nazi controlled Germany in what year?, answer: 1941 | question: Until what year, was the US the sole possessor of the atomic bomb?, answer: 1949 | question: In what year did Stalin order the development of ICBMs?, answer: 1947 | question: What type of military force did the US possess a much larger fleet than the Soviet Union?, answer: air force
For less than a year between 1862–63, Peruvian ships, engaged in what became to be called the "blackbirding" trade, combed the smaller islands of Polynesia from Easter Island in the eastern Pacific to Tuvalu and the southern atolls of the Gilbert Islands (now Kiribati), seeking recruits to fill the extreme labour shortage in Peru. While some islanders were voluntary recruits the "blackbirders" were notorious for enticing islanders on to ships with tricks, such as pretending to be Christian missionaries, as well as kidnapping islanders at gun point. The Rev. A. W. Murray, the earliest European missionary in Tuvalu, reported that in 1863 about 170 people were taken from Funafuti and about 250 were taken from Nukulaelae, as there were fewer than 100 of the 300 recorded in 1861 as living on Nukulaelae.

question: In what years did Peruvian ships seek laborers in the Polynesian islands?, answer: 1862–63 | question: What was the name applied to the trade of dealing with labor hunters?, answer: blackbirding | question: Who was the earliest missionary to Tuvalu?, answer: Rev. A. W. Murray | question: By what means did Blackbirders often get islanders aboard their ships?, answer: tricks | question: When did Murray report people missing because of Blackbirders?, answer: 1863