lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
For several decades, peace reigned in Tibet, but in 1792 the Qing Qianlong Emperor sent a large Chinese army into Tibet to push the invading Nepalese out. This prompted yet another Qing reorganization of the Tibetan government, this time through a written plan called the "Twenty-Nine Regulations for Better Government in Tibet". Qing military garrisons staffed with Qing troops were now also established near the Nepalese border. Tibet was dominated by the Manchus in various stages in the 18th century, and the years immediately following the 1792 regulations were the peak of the Qing imperial commissioners' authority; but there was no attempt to make Tibet a Chinese province.

question: When did the Qing Qianlong Emperor send a large Chinese army into Tibet?, answer: 1792 | question: Why did the Qing Qianlong Emperor send a large Chinese army into Tibet?, answer: push the invading Nepalese out | question: What was the Qing reorganization of the Tibetan called?, answer: Twenty-Nine Regulations for Better Government in Tibet | question: When was Tibet dominated by the Manchus?, answer: 18th century
For some species of waders, migration success depends on the availability of certain key food resources at stopover points along the migration route. This gives the migrants an opportunity to refuel for the next leg of the voyage. Some examples of important stopover locations are the Bay of Fundy and Delaware Bay.

question: What does successful migration depend on for some waders?, answer: the availability of certain key food resources | question: Where do migrants refuel?, answer: stopover points along the migration route | question: Where is an important stopover location?, answer: the Bay of Fundy | question: What is another stopover location?, answer: Delaware Bay
For statistical purposes, the country is divided into three metropolitan areas: Tel Aviv metropolitan area (population 3,206,400), Haifa metropolitan area (population 1,021,000), and Beer Sheva metropolitan area (population 559,700). Israel's largest municipality, in population and area, is Jerusalem with 773,800 residents in an area of 126 square kilometres (49 sq mi) (in 2009). Israeli government statistics on Jerusalem include the population and area of East Jerusalem, which is widely recognized as part of the Palestinian territories under Israeli occupation. Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Rishon LeZion rank as Israel's next most populous cities, with populations of 393,900, 265,600, and 227,600 respectively.

question: How many metropolitan areas are there?, answer: three | question: What metropolitan area has the largest population?, answer: Tel Aviv | question: What is the population of Beer Sheva?, answer: 559,700
For temperature studies, subjects must remain awake but calm and semi-reclined in near darkness while their rectal temperatures are taken continuously. Though variation is great among normal chronotypes, the average human adult's temperature reaches its minimum at about 05:00 (5 a.m.), about two hours before habitual wake time. Baehr et al. found that, in young adults, the daily body temperature minimum occurred at about 04:00 (4 a.m.) for morning types but at about 06:00 (6 a.m.) for evening types. This minimum occurred at approximately the middle of the eight hour sleep period for morning types, but closer to waking in evening types.

question: What physical factor must be continuously monitored during temperature studies>, answer: temperatures | question: At what time does the average adult human reach his lowest temperature?, answer: 05:00 | question: How long before wake time is the lowest temperature reached?, answer: two hours | question: When does the temperature of morning type young adults reach its lowest?, answer: 04:00 | question: What is the time of lowest temperature for evening type young adults?, answer: 06:00
For the 2001 general election The Times declared its support for Tony Blair's Labour government, which was re-elected by a landslide. It supported Labour again in 2005, when Labour achieved a third successive win, though with a reduced majority. For the 2010 general election, however, the newspaper declared its support for the Tories once again; the election ended in the Tories taking the most votes and seats but having to form a coalition with the Liberal Democrats in order to form a government as they had failed to gain an overall majority.

question: In the 2001 general election, The Times declared support for what political party?, answer: Labour | question: What is the name of the political party's leader that The Times supported in the 2001 general election?, answer: Tony Blair | question: For the 2010 general election, which political party did The Times support?, answer: Tories | question: What political party did the Tories have to form a coalition with in 2010?, answer: Liberal Democrats | question: What political party was re-elected by a landslide in 2001?, answer: Labour
For the 2011 season, the Philadelphia Soul, Kansas City Brigade, San Jose SaberCats, New Orleans VooDoo, and the Georgia Force returned to the AFL after having last played in 2008. However, the Grand Rapids Rampage, Colorado Crush, Columbus Destroyers, Los Angeles Avengers, and the New York Dragons did not return. The league added one expansion team, the Pittsburgh Power. Former Pittsburgh Steelers wide receiver Lynn Swann was one of the team's owners. It was the first time the AFL returned to Pittsburgh since the Pittsburgh Gladiators were an original franchise in 1987 before becoming the Tampa Bay Storm. The Brigade changed its name to the Command, becoming the Kansas City Command. Even though they were returning teams, the Bossier–Shreveport Battle Wings moved to New Orleans as the Voodoo, the identity formerly owned by New Orleans Saints owner Tom Benson. The Alabama Vipers moved to Duluth, Georgia to become the new Georgia Force (the earlier franchise of that name being a continuation of the first Nashville Kats franchise). On October 25, 2010 the Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz did not return. The Milwaukee Iron also changed names to the Milwaukee Mustangs, the name of Milwaukee's original AFL team that had existed from 1994 to 2001.

question: Along with the New Orleans VooDoo, Kansas City Brigade, Philadelphia Soul and Georgia Force, what former team returned for the 2011 season?, answer: San Jose SaberCats | question: Along with the Grand Rapids Rampage, Colorado Crush, Columbus Destroyers and Los Angeles Avengers, what team did not return for the 2011 season?, answer: New York Dragons | question: What expansion team joined the league in 2011?, answer: Pittsburgh Power | question: For what NFL team did Lynn Swann play?, answer: Pittsburgh Steelers | question: What was the former name of the Tampa Bay Storm?, answer: Pittsburgh Gladiators
For the 2013 season, the league's new national broadcast partner was the CBS Sports Network. CBSSN would air 19 regular season games and two playoff games. CBS would also air the ArenaBowl, marking the first time since 2008 that the league's finale aired on network television. Regular season CBSSN broadcast games are usually on Saturday nights. As the games are being shown live, the start times are not uniform as with most football broadcast packages, but vary with the time zone in which the home team is located. This means that the AFL may appear either prior to or following the CBSSN's featured Major League Lacrosse game.

question: Who was the AFL's 2013 national broadcast partner?, answer: CBS Sports Network | question: How many regular season games were shown by CBS Sports Network in 2013?, answer: 19 | question: How many 2013 playoff games did CBSSN broadcast?, answer: two | question: On what channel was the 2013 ArenaBowl broadcast?, answer: CBS | question: In 2013, on what day were Arena Football League games usually broadcast on CBS Sports Network?, answer: Saturday
For the King's funeral, people dress in elaborate mourning costume, many of them cross-dressing men who carry bouquets of phallic vegetables. In the funeral house, the body of the King is surrounded by an honor guard and weeping concubines, crying over the loss of sexual pleasure brought about by his death. The King's body is carried to the Plaça de la Vila where a satiric eulogy is delivered while the townspeople eat salty grilled sardines with bread and wine, suggesting the symbolic cannibalism of the communion ritual. Finally, amid rockets and explosions, the King's body is burned in a massive pyre.

question: What do people dress in for the King's funeral?, answer: elaborate mourning costume | question: Who carries floral arrangements of penis-like veggies?, answer: cross-dressing men | question: Who weeps around the body of the King?, answer: concubines | question: What type of eulogy is provided for the King?, answer: satiric | question: What ritual suggests symbolic cannibalism?, answer: communion
For the ancient Egyptians, green had very positive associations. The hieroglyph for green represented a growing papyrus sprout, showing the close connection between green, vegetation, vigor and growth. In wall paintings, the ruler of the underworld, Osiris, was typically portrayed with a green face, because green was the symbol of good health and rebirth. Palettes of green facial makeup, made with malachite, were found in tombs. It was worn by both the living and dead, particularly around the eyes, to protect them from evil. Tombs also often contained small green amulets in the shape of scarab beetles made of malachite, which would protect and give vigor to the deceased. It also symbolized the sea, which was called the "Very Green."

question: What is the ancient Egyptian hieroglyph for green?, answer: a growing papyrus sprout | question: Who was the ruler of the underworld in ancient Egypt?, answer: Osiris | question: Why was green facial makeup worn by ancient Egyptians?, answer: to protect them from evil
For the anthropologists Lieberman and Jackson (1995), however, there are more profound methodological and conceptual problems with using cladistics to support concepts of race. They claim that "the molecular and biochemical proponents of this model explicitly use racial categories in their initial grouping of samples". For example, the large and highly diverse macroethnic groups of East Indians, North Africans, and Europeans are presumptively grouped as Caucasians prior to the analysis of their DNA variation. This is claimed to limit and skew interpretations, obscure other lineage relationships, deemphasize the impact of more immediate clinal environmental factors on genomic diversity, and can cloud our understanding of the true patterns of affinity. They argue that however significant the empirical research, these studies use the term race in conceptually imprecise and careless ways. They suggest that the authors of these studies find support for racial distinctions only because they began by assuming the validity of race. "For empirical reasons we prefer to place emphasis on clinal variation, which recognizes the existence of adaptive human hereditary variation and simultaneously stresses that such variation is not found in packages that can be labeled races."

question: What did Lieberman and Jackon find profound problems using cladistics to support concepts of?, answer: race | question: What would the diverse group of East Indians, North Africans and Europeans be grouped as prior to DNA analysis?, answer: Caucasians | question: Cladistics can limit and skew what?, answer: interpretations | question: What is variation found in that can be labeled as races?, answer: packages | question: Lieberman and Jackson suggest authors of some studies use the term race in what ways?, answer: conceptually imprecise and careless
For the commercial naming of a product, the frame rate is often dropped and is implied from context (e.g., a 1080i television set). A frame rate can also be specified without a resolution. For example, 24p means 24 progressive scan frames per second, and 50i means 25 interlaced frames per second.

question: What is usually dropped for the commercial naming of an HDTV product?, answer: the frame rate | question: What does 24p mean?, answer: 24 progressive scan frames per second | question: What does 50i mean?, answer: 25 interlaced frames per second | question: When naming a commercial HDTV product, a frame rate can be specified without what?, answer: a resolution
For the first several decades of disc record manufacturing, sound was recorded directly on to the "master disc" at the recording studio. From about 1950 on (earlier for some large record companies, later for some small ones) it became usual to have the performance first recorded on audio tape, which could then be processed and/or edited, and then dubbed on to the master disc. A record cutter would engrave the grooves into the master disc. Early versions of these master discs were soft wax, and later a harder lacquer was used. The mastering process was originally something of an art as the operator had to manually allow for the changes in sound which affected how wide the space for the groove needed to be on each rotation.

question: Who would engrave the master disc of a vinyl record?, answer: record cutter | question: What was used in first recordings of vinyl records?, answer: soft wax | question: What was used in final recordings of vinyl records?, answer: harder lacquer | question: After the 1950s what was a typical recording process?, answer: first recorded on audio tape, which could then be processed and/or edited, and then dubbed on to the master disc | question: Where were sound recordings originally made to?, answer: master disc
For the first two years Confederate forces did well in set battles but lost control of the border states. The Confederates had the advantage of defending a very large country in an area where disease caused twice as many deaths as combat. The Union pursued a strategy of seizing the coastline, blockading the ports, and taking control of the river systems. By 1863 the Confederacy was being strangled. Its eastern armies fought well, but the western armies were defeated one after another until the Union forces captured New Orleans in 1862 along with the Tennessee River. In the famous Vicksburg Campaign of 1862–63, Ulysses Grant seized the Mississippi River and cut off the Southwest. Grant took command of Union forces in 1864 and after a series of battles with very heavy casualties, he had Lee under siege in Richmond as William T. Sherman captured Atlanta and marched through Georgia and the Carolinas. The Confederate capital was abandoned in April 1865 and Lee subsequently surrendered his army at Appomattox Court House; all other Confederate armies surrendered within a few months.

question: In what year did the Union Forces capture New Orleans?, answer: 1862 | question: Who took control of the Mississippi River in 1862-63?, answer: Ulysses Grant | question: Who captured Atlanta?, answer: William T. Sherman | question: Where did Lee surrender his army?, answer: Appomattox Court House
For the past 25 years, the Tucson Folk Festival has taken place the first Saturday and Sunday of May in downtown Tucson's El Presidio Park. In addition to nationally known headline acts each evening, the Festival highlights over 100 local and regional musicians on five stages is one of the largest free festivals in the country. All stages are within easy walking distance. Organized by the Tucson Kitchen Musicians Association, volunteers make this festival possible. KXCI 91.3-FM, Arizona's only community radio station, is a major partner, broadcasting from the Plaza Stage throughout the weekend. In addition, there are numerous workshops, events for children, sing-alongs, and a popular singer/songwriter contest. Musicians typically play 30-minute sets, supported by professional audio staff volunteers. A variety of food and crafts are available at the festival, as well as local micro-brews. All proceeds from sales go to fund future festivals.

question: When is the Tucson Folk Festival held?, answer: the first Saturday and Sunday of May | question: Where is the Tucson Folk Festival held?, answer: El Presidio Park | question: How many performers are in the Tucson Folk Festival?, answer: over 100 | question: How much does the Tucson Folk Festival cost to get in?, answer: free | question: Who runs the Tucson Folk Festival?, answer: Tucson Kitchen Musicians Association
For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moods: the rains, sowing and harvesting seasons. Luddi, Bhangra and Sammi depict the joy of living. Love legends of Heer Ranjha, Mirza Sahiban, Sohni Mahenwal and Saiful Mulk are sung in different styles.

question: What kind of music does Malika Pukhraj perform?, answer: Ghazals and folk songs | question: What do Punjab folk songs often reflect?, answer: the rains, sowing and harvesting seasons | question: Who sings about the joy of living?, answer: Luddi, Bhangra and Sammi | question: What does Heer Ranjha sing about?, answer: Love | question: What kind of music does Roshen Ara Begum perform?, answer: Ghazals and folk songs
For the remainder of the Korean War the UN Command and the PVA fought, but exchanged little territory; the stalemate held. Large-scale bombing of North Korea continued, and protracted armistice negotiations began 10 July 1951 at Kaesong. On the Chinese side, Zhou Enlai directed peace talks, and Li Kenong and Qiao Guanghua headed the negotiation team. Combat continued while the belligerents negotiated; the UN Command forces' goal was to recapture all of South Korea and to avoid losing territory. The PVA and the KPA attempted similar operations, and later effected military and psychological operations in order to test the UN Command's resolve to continue the war.

question: Where did armistice negotiations occur?, answer: Kaesong | question: What did the UN Command want to achieve with the armistice talks?, answer: recapture all of South Korea and to avoid losing territory | question: What tactics were used by the PVA to coax the UN Command to continuing the war?, answer: military and psychological operations | question: Was there a cease fire during the talks?, answer: Large-scale bombing of North Korea continued | question: Who directed the armistice negotiation for the Chinese?, answer: Zhou Enlai
For the remaining years of Richard's reign, John supported his brother on the continent, apparently loyally. Richard's policy on the continent was to attempt to regain through steady, limited campaigns the castles he had lost to Philip II whilst on crusade. He allied himself with the leaders of Flanders, Boulogne and the Holy Roman Empire to apply pressure on Philip from Germany. In 1195 John successfully conducted a sudden attack and siege of Évreux castle, and subsequently managed the defences of Normandy against Philip. The following year, John seized the town of Gamaches and led a raiding party within 50 miles (80 km) of Paris, capturing the Bishop of Beauvais. In return for this service, Richard withdrew his malevolentia (ill-will) towards John, restored him to the county of Gloucestershire and made him again the Count of Mortain.

question: Richard withdrew what towards John?, answer: malevolentia | question: Who was the Count of Mortain?, answer: John | question: When did John successfully conduct a sudden attack and siege of Evreux castle?, answer: 1195
For those that remained under the Ottoman Empire's millet system, religion was the defining characteristic of national groups (milletler), so the exonym "Greeks" (Rumlar from the name Rhomaioi) was applied by the Ottomans to all members of the Orthodox Church, regardless of their language or ethnic origin. The Greek speakers were the only ethnic group to actually call themselves Romioi, (as opposed to being so named by others) and, at least those educated, considered their ethnicity (genos) to be Hellenic. There were, however, many Greeks who escaped the second-class status of Christians inherent in the Ottoman millet system, according to which Muslims were explicitly awarded senior status and preferential treatment. These Greeks either emigrated, particularly to their fellow Greek Orthodox protector, the Russian Empire, or simply converted to Islam, often only very superficially and whilst remaining crypto-Christian. The most notable examples of large-scale conversion to Turkish Islam among those today defined as Greek Muslims - excluding those who had to convert as a matter of course on being recruited through the devshirme - were to be found in Crete (Cretan Turks), Greek Macedonia (for example among the Vallahades of western Macedonia), and among Pontic Greeks in the Pontic Alps and Armenian Highlands. Several Ottoman sultans and princes were also of part Greek origin, with mothers who were either Greek concubines or princesses from Byzantine noble families, one famous example being sultan Selim the Grim, whose mother Gülbahar Hatun was a Pontic Greek.

question: How were the population factions of the Ottoman Empire classified ?, answer: religion was the defining characteristic of national groups | question: What did it mean to be classified as a Greek by the millet command ?, answer: was applied by the Ottomans to all members of the Orthodox Church, regardless of their language or ethnic origin. | question: What moniker did the Greeks grant themselves for distinction ?, answer: The Greek speakers were the only ethnic group to actually call themselves Romioi | question: What did the literate segment of Greeks consider to be a part of their ethic lines ?, answer: those educated, considered their ethnicity (genos) to be Hellenic | question: Were Christian prized among the Ottomans ?, answer: second-class status of Christians inherent in the Ottoman millet system
For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs, bronchial thermoplasty may be an option. It involves the delivery of controlled thermal energy to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopies. While it may increase exacerbation frequency in the first few months it appears to decrease the subsequent rate. Effects beyond one year are unknown. Evidence suggests that sublingual immunotherapy in those with both allergic rhinitis and asthma improve outcomes.

question: What type of person would use bronchial thermoplasty as an option?, answer: For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs | question: What does bronchial thermoplasty consist of?, answer: It involves the delivery of controlled thermal energy to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopies | question: What effect does bronchial thermoplasty have?, answer: it appears to decrease the subsequent rate. | question: What treatment helps improve those with allergic rhinitis and asthma?, answer: sublingual immunotherapy