lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Others have rejected that the doctrine of Immaculate Conception exists in Islam, the Quranic account does not confirm the Immaculate Conception exclusively for Mary as in Islam every human child is born pure and immaculate, her sinless birth is thus independent of the Christian docrtrine of original sin as no such doctrine exists in Islam. Moreover, Hannah's prayer in the Quran for her child to remain protected from Satan (Shayṭān) was said after it had already been born, not before and expresses a natural concern any righteous parent would have. The Muslim tradition or hadith, which states that the only children born without the "touch of Satan," were Mary and Jesus. should therefore not be taken in isolation from the Quran, and is to be interpreted within the specific context of exonerating Mary and her child from the charges that were made against them and is not a general statement. The specific mention of Mary and Jesus in this hadith may also be taken to represent a class of people, in keeping with the Arabic language and the Quranic verse [O Satan] surely thou shalt have no power over My servants, except such of the erring ones as choose to follow thee (15:42)

question: Does everyone agree on the credit that should be given for the story of Mary's inception ?, answer: Others have rejected that the doctrine of Immaculate Conception exists in Islam | question: What does the book of Muslim faith state in regards to how every person is born ?, answer: in Islam every human child is born pure and immaculate | question: Does this view contradict the belief that Mary was also born to a virgin mother ?, answer: her sinless birth is thus independent of the Christian docrtrine of original sin as no such doctrine exists in Islam | question: What view did the Qua-ran take on the sinful ways in which Mary could have been conceived ?, answer: Muslim tradition or hadith, which states that the only children born without the "touch of Satan," were Mary and Jesus. | question: What is the name of the prayer that is listed in the Qua-ran is used to enact a safeguard on kids from the the devil ?, answer: Hannah's prayer in the Quran for her child to remain protected from Satan
Others, such as Rep. Roger Sherman of Connecticut, believed the clause was unnecessary because the original Constitution only gave Congress stated powers, which did not include establishing a national religion. Anti-Federalists such as Rep. Thomas Tucker of South Carolina moved to strike the establishment clause completely because it could preempt the religious clauses in the state constitutions. However, the Anti-Federalists were unsuccessful in persuading the House of Representatives to drop the clause from the first amendment.

question: Where was Representative Roger Sherman from?, answer: Connecticut | question: Why did Sherman believe the establishment clause was unnecessary?, answer: Constitution only gave Congress stated powers | question: What power was not granted to Congress by the Constitution?, answer: establishing a national religion | question: What was Tucker concerned the establishment clause could preempt?, answer: religious clauses in the state constitutions | question: Where was Representative Thomas Tucker from?, answer: South Carolina
Ottoman Divan poetry was a highly ritualized and symbolic art form. From the Persian poetry that largely inspired it, it inherited a wealth of symbols whose meanings and interrelationships—both of similitude (مراعات نظير mura'ât-i nazîr / تناسب tenâsüb) and opposition (تضاد tezâd) were more or less prescribed. Divan poetry was composed through the constant juxtaposition of many such images within a strict metrical framework, thus allowing numerous potential meanings to emerge. The vast majority of Divan poetry was lyric in nature: either gazels (which make up the greatest part of the repertoire of the tradition), or kasîdes. There were, however, other common genres, most particularly the mesnevî, a kind of verse romance and thus a variety of narrative poetry; the two most notable examples of this form are the Leyli and Majnun of Fuzûlî and the Hüsn ü Aşk of Şeyh Gâlib.

question: What type of Ottoman poetry is ritualized?, answer: Divan poetry | question: What kind of poetry inspired Ottoman Divan Poetry?, answer: Persian poetry | question: What type of framework was Divan poetry based on?, answer: a strict metrical framework | question: What was the romance genre of Divan poetry known as?, answer: mesnevî | question: What make up the largest portion of Divan poetry?, answer: gazels (which make up the greatest part of the repertoire of the tradition), or kasîdes.
Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."

question: What group did Sultan Selim the Grim label as heretics?, answer: Shia Qizilbash | question: What number of Christians did Selim the Grim equate to the killing of one Shiite?, answer: 70
Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.

question: What was the official language of the Ottoman Empire?, answer: Ottoman Turkish | question: What were the main influences of the official language of the Empire?, answer: Persian and Arabic | question: What language was spoken by most people in Anatolia?, answer: Turkish | question: Which languages influenced by the empire was spoken in Iraq?, answer: Arabic | question: What language was used for religious uses in the Empire?, answer: Arabic
Ottoman classical music was an important part of the education of the Ottoman elite, a number of the Ottoman sultans were accomplished musicians and composers themselves, such as Selim III, whose compositions are often still performed today. Ottoman classical music arose largely from a confluence of Byzantine music, Armenian music, Arabic music, and Persian music. Compositionally, it is organised around rhythmic units called usul, which are somewhat similar to meter in Western music, and melodic units called makam, which bear some resemblance to Western musical modes.

question: The elites of the Ottoman empire found what type of music important?, answer: Ottoman classical music | question: Many of the Sultans of the Ottoman empire were accomplished at being what?, answer: musicians and composers | question: The sultan known by what name has compositions which are still performed today?, answer: Selim III | question: What rhythmic units does Ottoman classical music use?, answer: units called usul | question: What are the melodic units used by Ottoman classical music?, answer: makam
Ottoman cuisine refers to the cuisine of the capital, Istanbul, and the regional capital cities, where the melting pot of cultures created a common cuisine that most of the population regardless of ethnicity shared. This diverse cuisine was honed in the Imperial Palace's kitchens by chefs brought from certain parts of the Empire to create and experiment with different ingredients. The creations of the Ottoman Palace's kitchens filtered to the population, for instance through Ramadan events, and through the cooking at the Yalıs of the Pashas, and from there on spread to the rest of the population.

question: The cuisine known as Ottoman cuisine is in reference to the food eaten where?, answer: the capital, Istanbul, and the regional capital cities | question: In what kitchen's was Ottoman cuisine perfected?, answer: the Imperial Palace's kitchens | question: What is one type of religious event that the general public may come to experience the creations of the Imperial Palace?, answer: Ramadan | question: Preparing food at the Yalıs of the Pashas was one way Ottoman Cuisine might spread to whom?, answer: the population | question: What did the chefs ingredients in the Imperial Palace's kitchens?, answer: create and experiment
Ottoman government deliberately pursued a policy for the development of Bursa, Edirne, and Istanbul, successive Ottoman capitals, into major commercial and industrial centres, considering that merchants and artisans were indispensable in creating a new metropolis. To this end, Mehmed and his successor Bayezid, also encouraged and welcomed migration of the Jews from different parts of Europe, who were settled in Istanbul and other port cities like Salonica. In many places in Europe, Jews were suffering persecution at the hands of their Christian counterparts, such as in Spain after the conclusion of Reconquista. The tolerance displayed by the Turks was welcomed by the immigrants.

question: The goal of developing Bursa and Istanbul was an intentional act to create what?, answer: commercial and industrial centres | question: Who was Mehmed's successor?, answer: Bayezid | question: Who did Mehmed and Bayezid encourage to come to Istanbul?, answer: the Jews from different parts of Europe | question: What group were Jews being persecuted by in Europe?, answer: their Christian counterparts | question: Persecution of Jews in Spain occurred after what event concluded?, answer: the conclusion of Reconquista
Ottoman illumination covers non-figurative painted or drawn decorative art in books or on sheets in muraqqa or albums, as opposed to the figurative images of the Ottoman miniature. It was a part of the Ottoman Book Arts together with the Ottoman miniature (taswir), calligraphy (hat), Islamic calligraphy, bookbinding (cilt) and paper marbling (ebru). In the Ottoman Empire, illuminated and illustrated manuscripts were commissioned by the Sultan or the administrators of the court. In Topkapi Palace, these manuscripts were created by the artists working in Nakkashane, the atelier of the miniature and illumination artists. Both religious and non-religious books could be illuminated. Also sheets for albums levha consisted of illuminated calligraphy (hat) of tughra, religious texts, verses from poems or proverbs, and purely decorative drawings.

question: Were would one find the sheets where Ottoman's created illuminated decorations?, answer: muraqqa | question: What is another name for an Ottoman miniature?, answer: taswir | question: Ottoman calligraphy can also be referred to as what?, answer: hat | question: Who commissioned illustrated manuscripts in the Ottoman empire?, answer: the Sultan or the administrators of the court | question: What palace was the place of creation for illustrated manuscripts?, answer: Topkapi Palace
Out of former Soviet Union republics Uzbekistan continued and expanded the program of child labour on industrial scale to increase profits on the main source of Islam Karimov's income, cotton harvesting. In September, when school normally starts, the classes are suspended and children are sent to cotton fields for work, where they are assigned daily quotas of 20 to 60 kg of raw cotton they have to collect. This process is repeated in spring, when collected cotton needs to be hoed and weeded. In 2006 it is estimated that 2.7 million children were forced to work this way.

question: What former Soviet Union continued child labour programs?, answer: Uzbekistan | question: What was the main source of income for Islam Karimov?, answer: cotton harvesting | question: Did they have daily quotas for cotton?, answer: daily quotas of 20 to 60 kg of raw cotton | question: What are the 2016 estimates for child labour in regards to cotton picking?, answer: 2.7 million
Outside of the Low Countries, it is the native language of the majority of the population of Suriname, and also holds official status in the Caribbean island nations of Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Historical minorities on the verge of extinction remain in parts of France and Germany, and in Indonesia,[n 1] while up to half a million native speakers may reside in the United States, Canada and Australia combined.[n 2] The Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa have evolved into Afrikaans, a mutually intelligible daughter language[n 3] which is spoken to some degree by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia.[n 4]

question: In what place with the word "name" in it do most people speak Dutch?, answer: Suriname | question: Islands in the Caribbean that include Dutch as an official language include Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and what other place?, answer: Aruba | question: It's been estimated that up to what number of native Dutch speakers live in Australia, the U.S., and Canada?, answer: half a million | question: In Southern Africa, Dutch has developed over many years into what daughter language?, answer: Afrikaans | question: What the low estimate for the number of people who speak Afrikaans?, answer: 16 million
Outside of the Netherlands and Belgium, the dialect around the German town of Kleve (South Guelderish) both historically and genetically belongs to the Dutch language. In Northeastern France, the area around Calais was historically Dutch-speaking (West Flemish) of which an estimated 20,000 daily speakers. The cities of Dunkirk, Gravelines and Bourbourg only became predominantly French-speaking by the end of the 19th century. In the countryside, until World War I, many elementary schools continued to teach in Dutch, and the Catholic Church continued to preach and teach the catechism in Flemish in many parishes.

question: What town in Germany has always had mostly Dutch speakers?, answer: Kleve | question: About how many people around Calais, France speak Dutch every day?, answer: 20,000 | question: It took until the end of what century for people in French cities like Gravelines to finally switch over to French from Dutch?, answer: 19th | question: Which church often preached in Flemish prior to World War I?, answer: the Catholic Church | question: In what area of France is Calais located?, answer: Northeastern France
Outside of these genealogies, comics theorists and historians have seen precedents for comics in the Lascaux cave paintings in France (some of which appear to be chronological sequences of images), Egyptian hieroglyphs, Trajan's Column in Rome, the 11th-century Norman Bayeux Tapestry, the 1370 bois Protat woodcut, the 15th-century Ars moriendi and block books, Michelangelo's The Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel, and William Hogarth's 17th-century sequential engravings, amongst others.[b]

question: In France, what did historians find that they consider a precedent for comics?, answer: Lascaux cave paintings | question: What Michelangelo work do historians consider to be a precedent for comics?, answer: The Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel | question: In Egypt, historians consider what to be a precedent for comics?, answer: hieroglyphs | question: In Rome, what do historians consider to be a precedent for comics?, answer: Trajan's Column
Outsourcing production to low wage countries like Bangladesh, China, India and Sri Lanka became possible when the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was abolished. The MFA, which placed quotas on textiles imports, was deemed a protectionist measure.[citation needed] Globalization is often quoted as the single most contributing factor to the poor working conditions of garment workers. Although many countries recognize treaties like the International Labor Organization, which attempt to set standards for worker safety and rights, many countries have made exceptions to certain parts of the treaties or failed to thoroughly enforce them. India for example has not ratified sections 87 and 92 of the treaty.[citation needed]

question: The abolishing of the MFA made what possible?, answer: Outsourcing production to low wage countries | question: What did the MFA put quotas on?, answer: textiles imports | question: What is often identified as the reason for less than ideal working conditions for garment workers?, answer: Globalization | question: What treaty tries to set standards for worker safety and rights?, answer: the International Labor Organization | question: What country has failed to ratify sections 87 and 92 of the ILO?, answer: India
Outstanding debts were also agreed and the company permitted to export 250 tons of saltpetre. Again in 1673, Banks successfully negotiated another contract for 700 tons of saltpetre at £37,000 between the king and the company. So urgent was the need to supply the armed forces in the United Kingdom, America and elsewhere that the authorities sometimes turned a blind eye on the untaxed sales. One governor of the company was even reported as saying in 1864 that he would rather have the saltpetre made than the tax on salt.

question: Due to agreed debt what 250 tons product was first permitted to be exported by the company after the seven years' war?, answer: saltpetre | question: in what year did Banks negotiate between the king and the East india company for 700 tons of saltpetre?, answer: 1673 | question: Saltpetre was used for what people, specifically the need for this product had people overlooking untaxed sales?, answer: armed forces | question: One of the governor of the company said that he would rather have saltpetre then____ in its raw form?, answer: salt | question: how much did 700 tons of saltpetre go for in the contract negotiated by Banks in 1673, answer: £37,000
Outward urban expansion is now prevented by the Metropolitan Green Belt, although the built-up area extends beyond the boundary in places, resulting in a separately defined Greater London Urban Area. Beyond this is the vast London commuter belt. Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London. The city is split by the River Thames into North and South, with an informal central London area in its interior. The coordinates of the nominal centre of London, traditionally considered to be the original Eleanor Cross at Charing Cross near the junction of Trafalgar Square and Whitehall, are approximately 51°30′26″N 00°07′39″W﻿ / ﻿51.50722°N 0.12750°W﻿ / 51.50722; -0.12750.

question: What statutory policy minimizes outward expansion of urban London?, answer: the Metropolitan Green Belt | question: Greater London is divided into what two groups of boroughs?, answer: Inner London and Outer London | question: Where is the centre of London said to be located?, answer: Eleanor Cross at Charing Cross near the junction of Trafalgar Square and Whitehall | question: In which directions does the River Thames divide the City of London?, answer: North and South | question: What metropolitan area lies beyond the Metropolitan Green Belt?, answer: London commuter belt
Over 40 per cent of school pupils in the city that responded to a survey claimed to have been the victim of bullying. More than 2,000 took part and said that verbal bullying was the most common form, although physical bullying was a close second for boys.

question: More than what percentage of the students surveyed said they'd been bullied?, answer: 40 | question: About how many pupils took the bullying survey?, answer: 2,000 | question: What specific form of bullying did the survey show was most common?, answer: verbal | question: What was the second most common form of bullying experienced by boys who took the survey?, answer: physical
Over 50% of undergraduate students live on campus. Most of the residence halls on campus are located on the South 40, named because of its adjacent location on the south side of the Danforth Campus and its size of 40 acres (160,000 m2). It is the location of all the freshman buildings as well as several upperclassman buildings, which are set up in the traditional residential college system. All of the residential halls are co-ed. The South 40 is organized as a pedestrian-friendly environment wherein residences surround a central recreational lawn known as the Swamp. Bear's Den (the largest dining hall on campus), the Habif Health and Wellness Center (Student Health Services), the Residential Life Office, University Police Headquarters, various student-owned businesses (e.g. the laundry service, Wash U Wash), and the baseball, softball, and intramural fields are also located on the South 40.

question: What percent of undergraduate students live on campus at Washington University?, answer: Over 50% | question: Where are most residence halls located at Washington University?, answer: the South 40, | question: How did the South 40 get its name?, answer: because of its adjacent location on the south side of the Danforth Campus and its size of 40 acres | question: Where are all freshman residence buildings at Washington University located?, answer: the South 40 | question: What is the gender make-up of the residence halls at Washington University?, answer: co-ed
Over 90 weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies are published in Sanskrit. Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India, since 1970, while Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam started in Gujarat during the last five years. Since 1974, there has been a short daily news broadcast on state-run All India Radio. These broadcasts are also made available on the internet on AIR's website. Sanskrit news is broadcast on TV and on the internet through the DD National channel at 6:55 AM IST.

question: In what year was the daily newspaper Sudharma first published?, answer: 1970 | question: Where are Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam published?, answer: Gujarat | question: In what year did daily news broadcasts in Sankrit begin on state-run All India Radio?, answer: 1974 | question: Approximately how many weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies published in Sanskrit?, answer: Over 90 | question: What is the broadcast time for Sanskrit news on the DD National channel?, answer: 6:55 AM IST | question: What is the publication, Sudharma?, answer: daily newspaper | question: Where is the newspaper Sudharma published?, answer: Mysore, India | question: What language are many periodicals published in in India?, answer: Sanskrit | question: Since what year has there been a daily broadcast on All India Radio?, answer: 1974 | question: Where can the Sanskrit broadcasts be found online?, answer: AIR's website
Over New York City in 1953, Eastern Airlines Flight 8610, a commercial flight, had a near miss with Air Force Flight 8610, a Lockheed C-121 Constellation known as Columbine II, while the latter was carrying President Eisenhower. This prompted the adoption of the unique call sign Air Force One, to be used whenever the president is on board any US Air Force aircraft. Columbine II is the only presidential aircraft to have ever been sold to the public and is the only remaining presidential aircraft left unrestored and not on public display.

question: What make and model aircraft was Air Force Flight 8610?, answer: Lockheed C-121 Constellation | question: What aircraft had an incident with Air Force Flight 8610?, answer: Eastern Airlines Flight 8610 | question: What call sign does an Air Force aircraft have when a president is traveling on it?, answer: Air Force One | question: What was the name of the Lockheed C-121 Constellation that carried Eisenhower?, answer: Columbine II | question: In what year was Eisenhower involved in an incident while flying?, answer: 1953