lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
The government has established an Integration Office under the Department of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Economic Affairs. To minimise the negative consequences of Switzerland's isolation from the rest of Europe, Bern and Brussels signed seven bilateral agreements to further liberalise trade ties. These agreements were signed in 1999 and took effect in 2001. This first series of bilateral agreements included the free movement of persons. A second series covering nine areas was signed in 2004 and has since been ratified, which includes the Schengen Treaty and the Dublin Convention besides others. They continue to discuss further areas for cooperation.

question: How many bilateral agreements did Bern and Brussels sign to further liberalise trade ties?, answer: seven | question: What was included in the first series of bilateral agreements pertaining to people?, answer: free movement of persons | question: When was a second series of 9 bilateral agreements signed?, answer: 2004 | question: What has since happened to the second series of bilateral agreements?, answer: has since been ratified | question: What were the original bilateral agreements meant to minimize the negative consequences of?, answer: Switzerland's isolation from the rest of Europe
The government has responded by imposing curfews and by deploying troops in the regions. On 10 June 2012, a state of emergency was declared in Rakhine, allowing the military to participate in administration of the region. The Burmese army and police have been accused of targeting Rohingya Muslims through mass arrests and arbitrary violence. A number of monks' organisations that played a vital role in Myanmar's struggle for democracy have taken measures to block any humanitarian assistance to the Rohingya community.

question: What have the military and law enforcement been denounced for in the matter of summer of 2012 ?, answer: The Burmese army and police have been accused of targeting Rohingya Muslims through mass arrests and arbitrary violence | question: How have the friar organizations contributed to the struggle in Burma?, answer: monks' organisations that played a vital role in Myanmar's struggle for democracy have taken measures to block any humanitarian assistance to the Rohingya | question: What happened in Rakhine in the summer of 2012 that had severe implications on the running of the location?, answer: On 10 June 2012, a state of emergency was declared in Rakhine, allowing the military to participate in administration of the region | question: How did the Burmese government respond to the unrest in 2012 ?, answer: The government has responded by imposing curfews and by deploying troops in the regions
The government of India is based on a tiered system, in which the Constitution of India delineates the subjects on which each tier of government has executive powers. The Constitution originally provided for a two-tier system of government, the Union Government (also known as the Central Government), representing the Union of India, and the State governments. Later, a third tier was added in the form of Panchayats and Municipalities. In the current arrangement, The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution delimits the subjects of each level of governmental jurisdiction, dividing them into three lists:

question: What is the government of India based on?, answer: tiered system | question: What is a tiered system?, answer: the Constitution of India delineates the subjects on which each tier of government has executive powers | question: What was the constitution originally provided for?, answer: two-tier system of government | question: When the third tiere was added on, what is it in form of?, answer: Panchayats and Municipalities
The government of the City of Miami (proper) uses the mayor-commissioner type of system. The city commission consists of five commissioners which are elected from single member districts. The city commission constitutes the governing body with powers to pass ordinances, adopt regulations, and exercise all powers conferred upon the city in the city charter. The mayor is elected at large and appoints a city manager. The City of Miami is governed by Mayor Tomás Regalado and 5 City commissioners which oversee the five districts in the City. The commission's regular meetings are held at Miami City Hall, which is located at 3500 Pan American Drive on Dinner Key in the neighborhood of Coconut Grove .

question: Under what government system does Miami operate?, answer: mayor-commissioner | question: How many members are on the city commission?, answer: five | question: Who is the Mayor of Miami?, answer: Tomás Regalado | question: What is the street address of Miami City Hall?, answer: 3500 Pan American Drive | question: In what neighborhood is Miami City Hall located?, answer: Coconut Grove
The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators) to the lower house of RMI's unicameral legislature, the Nitijela. (Majuro, the capital atoll, elects five senators.) The President, who is head of state as well as head of government, is elected by the 33 senators of the Nitijela. Four of the five Marshallese presidents who have been elected since the Constitution was adopted in 1979 have been traditional paramount chiefs.

question: What is the governing system of the Marshall Islands?, answer: parliamentary-presidential system | question: How old must a citizen of the Marshall Islands be to vote?, answer: 18 | question: How often are elections held in the Marshall Islands?, answer: every four years | question: What is the name of the Marshall Islands legislature?, answer: Nitijela | question: When was the most recent constitution of the Marshall Islands adopted?, answer: 1979
The government planned to voluntarily evacuate four million people—mostly women and children—from urban areas, including 1.4 million from London. It expected about 90% of evacuees to stay in private homes, and conducted an extensive survey to determine available space. Detailed preparations for transporting them were developed. A trial blackout was held on 10 August 1939, and when Germany invaded Poland on 1 September a blackout began at sunset. Lights would not be allowed after dark for almost six years, and the blackout became by far the most unpopular aspect of the war for civilians, more than rationing.:51,106 The relocation of the government and the civil service was also planned, but would only have occurred if necessary so as not to damage civilian morale.:33

question: The government planned to evacuate 1.4 million from which city?, answer: London | question: What trial took place on August 10 1939?, answer: a blackout | question: What was most unpopular affect of the war with civilians ?, answer: the blackout | question: How long were lights not allowed on after dark?, answer: almost six years | question: Why did the government and civil service not want to relocate during the war?, answer: damage civilian morale
The government, consisting of the monarch and the ministers, will then usually approve the proposal and the sovereign and one of the ministers signs the proposal with the addition of an enacting clause, thereafter notifying the States General that "The King assents to the proposal." It has happened in exceptional circumstances that the government does not approve a law that has been passed in parliament. In such a case, neither the monarch nor a minister will sign the bill, notifying the States General that "The King will keep the proposal under advisement." A law that has received royal assent will be published in the State Magazine, with the original being kept in the archives of the King's Offices.

question: Where are laws published after receiving assent?, answer: the State Magazine | question: Where is the original law text stored?, answer: in the archives of the King's Offices | question: What happens in the rare case the government doesn't approve of a law that has passed both houses?, answer: neither the monarch nor a minister will sign the bill, notifying the States General that "The King will keep the proposal under advisement."
The governments in Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg are designated by the term Senate. In the three free states of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia the government is referred to as the State Government (Staatsregierung), and in the other ten states the term Land Government (Landesregierung) is used. Before January 1, 2000, Bavaria had a bicameral parliament, with a popularly elected Landtag, and a Senate made up of representatives of the state's major social and economic groups. The Senate was abolished following a referendum in 1998. The states of Berlin, Bremen, and Hamburg are governed slightly differently from the other states. In each of those cities, the executive branch consists of a Senate of approximately eight, selected by the state's parliament; the senators carry out duties equivalent to those of the ministers in the larger states. The equivalent of the Minister-President is the Senatspräsident (President of the Senate) in Bremen, the Erster Bürgermeister (First Mayor) in Hamburg, and the Regierender Bürgermeister (Governing Mayor) in Berlin. The parliament for Berlin is called the Abgeordnetenhaus (House of Representatives), while Bremen and Hamburg both have a Bürgerschaft. The parliaments in the remaining 13 states are referred to as Landtag (State Parliament).

question: What are the governments in Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg called?, answer: Senate | question: What is the government called in the three free states of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia?, answer: the State Government | question: What did Bavaria's government have before 2001?, answer: a bicameral parliament | question: How many people are in the executive branch senate in Berlin?, answer: eight | question: The parliament in Berlin is called what?, answer: Abgeordnetenhaus
The governments of Australia and New Zealand responded to the 2011 fresh-water crisis by supplying temporary desalination plants, and assisted in the repair of the existing desalination unit that was donated by Japan in 2006. In response to the 2011 drought, Japan funded the purchase of a 100 m3/d desalination plant and two portable 10 m3/d plants as part of its Pacific Environment Community (PEC) program. Aid programs from the European Union and Australia also provided water tanks as part of the longer term solution for the storage of available fresh water.

question: What type of device did Australia and New Zealand offer to Tuvalu during the 2011 drought?, answer: desalination plants | question: As aprt of what program did Japan fund a new desalination plant at Tuvalu?, answer: Pacific Environment Community | question: What did aid from the European Union provide during the drought on Tuvalu?, answer: water tanks | question: What did Tuvalu's new water tanks make possible to store?, answer: fresh water | question: In what year had Japan previously donated a desalination plant to Tuvalu?, answer: 2006
The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels became established in mainstream bookstores and libraries and webcomics became common.

question: What is a comic that is as long as a book called?, answer: graphic novel | question: Who helped "graphic novel" get public attention?, answer: Will Eisner | question: What decade did the term "graphic novel" become well known by the public?, answer: 1980s | question: In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular online?, answer: webcomics | question: The popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term?, answer: Maus
The great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the courtyard. It depicted St. Peter walking on the waters. This extraordinary work was mainly destroyed during the construction of the new St. Peter's in the 17th century. Navicella means "little ship" referring to the large boat which dominated the scene, and whose sail, filled by the storm, loomed over the horizon. Such a natural representation of a seascape was known only from ancient works of art.

question: Who created the Navicella mosaic in the Old St. Peter's church?, answer: Giotto di Bondone | question: Who commissioned the Navicella mosaic?, answer: Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi | question: Who did the navicella mosaic depict walking on water?, answer: St. Peter | question: What century was the majority of the Navicella mosaic destroyed?, answer: the 17th | question: Navicella means what in Italian?, answer: "little ship"
The great angiosperm radiation, when a great diversity of angiosperms appears in the fossil record, occurred in the mid-Cretaceous (approximately 100 million years ago). However, a study in 2007 estimated that the division of the five most recent (the genus Ceratophyllum, the family Chloranthaceae, the eudicots, the magnoliids, and the monocots) of the eight main groups occurred around 140 million years ago. By the late Cretaceous, angiosperms appear to have dominated environments formerly occupied by ferns and cycadophytes, but large canopy-forming trees replaced conifers as the dominant trees only close to the end of the Cretaceous 66 million years ago or even later, at the beginning of the Tertiary. The radiation of herbaceous angiosperms occurred much later. Yet, many fossil plants recognizable as belonging to modern families (including beech, oak, maple, and magnolia) had already appeared by the late Cretaceous.

question: When does a great diversity of angiosperms appear in the fossil record?, answer: approximately 100 million years ago | question: What is the appearance of a large amount of angiosperms in the fossil record known as?, answer: great angiosperm radiation, | question: When did the division of the eight main groups of angiosperms occur?, answer: 40 million years ago | question: What were the angiosperms up to by the late Cretaceous?, answer: dominated environments | question: Beech and maple had already appeared by what period?, answer: Cretaceous
The great majority of asphalt used commercially is obtained from petroleum. Nonetheless, large amounts of asphalt occur in concentrated form in nature. Naturally occurring deposits of asphalt/bitumen are formed from the remains of ancient, microscopic algae (diatoms) and other once-living things. These remains were deposited in the mud on the bottom of the ocean or lake where the organisms lived. Under the heat (above 50 °C) and pressure of burial deep in the earth, the remains were transformed into materials such as asphalt/bitumen, kerogen, or petroleum.

question: From where does most asphalt come?, answer: petroleum | question: What are the sources of natural deposits of asphalt?, answer: once-living things | question: How much heat is required for the natural production of asphalt?, answer: above 50 °C | question: Besides heat, what other requirement is needed to form asphalt?, answer: pressure | question: What other product of heat and pressure does the formation of asphalt and petroleum produce?, answer: kerogen
The greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA "spacewalk" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowing the Soviets to achieve another first, launching Voskhod 1 on October 12, 1964, the first spacecraft with a three-cosmonaut crew. The USSR touted another technological achievement during this mission: it was the first space flight during which cosmonauts performed in a shirt-sleeve-environment. However, flying without spacesuits was not due to safety improvements in the Soviet spacecraft's environmental systems; rather this innovation was accomplished because the craft's limited cabin space did not allow for spacesuits. Flying without spacesuits exposed the cosmonauts to significant risk in the event of potentially fatal cabin depressurization. This feat would not be repeated until the US Apollo Command Module flew in 1968; this later mission was designed from the outset to safely transport three astronauts in a shirt-sleeve environment while in space.

question: On what date was the first successful three man astronaut crew?, answer: October 12, 1964 | question: The first flight in a spacecraft that allowed no suits to be worn inside was was?, answer: Voskhod 1 | question: The US Apollo Command Module flew without spacesuits in what year?, answer: 1968
The greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Constantinople after the Hagia Sophia. They were executed around 1320 by the command of Theodore Metochites. The esonarthex has two fluted domes, specially created to provide the ideal setting for the mosaic images of the ancestors of Christ. The southern one is called the Dome of the Pantokrator while the northern one is the Dome of the Theotokos. The most important panel of the esonarthex depicts Theodore Metochites wearing a huge turban, offering the model of the church to Christ. The walls of both narthexes are decorated with mosaic cycles from the life of the Virgin and the life of Christ. These panels show the influence of the Italian trecento on Byzantine art especially the more natural settings, landscapes, figures.

question: where is the greatest mosaic work of the renaissance?, answer: the Chora Church in Constantinople | question: How many mosaic panels from naos have survived?, answer: three | question: The panels of naos are only capped in importance by which other location?, answer: the Hagia Sophia | question: Who commissioned the mosaics at naos?, answer: Theodore Metochites | question: The panels from naos show what influence on Byzantine art., answer: Italian trecento
The greatest number of surviving Gothic buildings are churches. These range from tiny chapels to large cathedrals, and although many have been extended and altered in different styles, a large number remain either substantially intact or sympathetically restored, demonstrating the form, character and decoration of Gothic architecture. The Gothic style is most particularly associated with the great cathedrals of Northern France, the Low Countries, England and Spain, with other fine examples occurring across Europe.

question: What is one region with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?, answer: Northern France | question: What is another region with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?, answer: the Low Countries | question: What type of structures remaining today have the largest amount of examples of the Gothic style?, answer: churches | question: What is one country with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?, answer: England | question: What is another country with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?, answer: Spain
The greatest strength increase due to drying is in the ultimate crushing strength, and strength at elastic limit in endwise compression; these are followed by the modulus of rupture, and stress at elastic limit in cross-bending, while the modulus of elasticity is least affected.

question: What type of "ultimate" strength is one of the two types increased the most by drying wood?, answer: crushing | question: What property of wood is least affected by drying?, answer: elasticity | question: Is strength at elastic limit in endwise compression or stress at elastic limit in cross-bending increased more by drying wood?, answer: strength at elastic limit in endwise compression | question: Is the strength of the modulus of rupture or elasticity increased more when wood is dried?, answer: modulus of rupture
The greylag goose (Anser anser) was domesticated by the Egyptians at least 3000 years ago, and a different wild species, the swan goose (Anser cygnoides), domesticated in Siberia about a thousand years later, is known as a Chinese goose. The two hybridise with each other and the large knob at the base of the beak, a noticeable feature of the Chinese goose, is present to a varying extent in these hybrids. The hybrids are fertile and have resulted in several of the modern breeds. Despite their early domestication, geese have never gained the commercial importance of chickens and ducks.

question: When was the greylag goose first domesticated by humans?, answer: The greylag goose (Anser anser) was domesticated by the Egyptians at least 3000 years ago | question: What other name is the swan goose know by ?, answer: Chinese goose | question: Where is it believed that the greylag goose was first domesticated in theworld?, answer: Siberia | question: Are geese an important part of the poultry industry?, answer: Despite their early domestication, geese have never gained the commercial importance of chickens and ducks.
The gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Delhi at current prices for the year 2011-12 has been estimated at Rs 3.13 lakh crore, which is an increase of 18.7 per cent over the previous fiscal.

question: What was the gross state domestic product of Delhi for 2011-12?, answer: Rs 3.13 lakh crore | question: The GSDP of Delhi increased by what percentage over the previous year in 2011-12?, answer: 18.7 | question: In which fiscal year was the GSDP of Delhi estimated at Rs 3.13 lakh crore?, answer: 2011-12 | question: Did the GSDP of Delhi in 2011-12 increase or decrease from the previous fiscal year?, answer: increase
The ground-attack aircraft of the USAF are designed to attack targets on the ground and are often deployed as close air support for, and in proximity to, U.S. ground forces. The proximity to friendly forces require precision strikes from these aircraft that are not possible with bomber aircraft listed below. They are typically deployed as close air support to ground forces, their role is tactical rather than strategic, operating at the front of the battle rather than against targets deeper in the enemy's rear.

question: What are the ground-attack aircraft in the USAF usually deployed in support for?, answer: U.S. ground forces | question: What does the closeness to friendly troops require of these US Air Force aircraft?, answer: precision strikes | question: What part of a battle line are the precision strike aircraft of the USAF deployed?, answer: front of the battle | question: What type of aircraft is not appropriate to be used in close proximity of US ground troops?, answer: bomber aircraft