lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Turner Classic Movies is available in many other countries around the world. In Canada, TCM began to be carried on Shaw Cable and satellite provider Shaw Direct in 2005. Rogers Cable started offering TCM in December 2006 as a free preview for subscribers of its digital cable tier, and was added to its analogue tier in February 2007. While the schedule for the Canadian feed is generally the same as that of the U.S. network, some films are replaced for broadcast in Canada due to rights issues and other reasons. Other versions of TCM are available in Australia, France, Middle East, South Africa, Cyprus, Spain, Asia, Latin America, Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Malta. The UK version operates two channels, including a spinoff called TCM 2.

question: What Canadian cable provider first carried Turner Classic Movies?, answer: Shaw Cable | question: In what year did Turner Classic Movies appear on Canadian cable television?, answer: 2005 | question: In what year did Rogers Cable begin to include TCM?, answer: 2006 | question: What is the name of the TCM spinoff channel operated in the UK?, answer: TCM 2 | question: In what month and year did Rogers Cable add TCM to its analog broadcasts?, answer: February 2007
Tuvalu (i/tuːˈvɑːluː/ too-VAH-loo or /ˈtuːvəluː/ TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Its nearest neighbours are Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa and Fiji. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).

question: What is the previous name of Tuvalu?, answer: Ellice Islands | question: In which ocean is Tuvalu found?, answer: Pacific Ocean | question: Between what land areas is Tuvalu located?, answer: Hawaii and Australia | question: According the the 2012 census, how many people live on the Tuvalu islands?, answer: 10,640 | question: What originally formed the Tuvalu islands?, answer: reef
Tuvalu consists of three reef islands and six true atolls. Its small, scattered group of atolls have poor soil and a total land area of only about 26 square kilometres (10 square miles) making it the fourth smallest country in the world. The islets that form the atolls are very low lying. Nanumanga, Niutao, Niulakita are reef islands and the six true atolls are Funafuti, Nanumea, Nui, Nukufetau, Nukulaelae and Vaitupu. Tuvalu's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers an oceanic area of approximately 900,000 km2.

question: How many reef islands does the Tuvalu group have?, answer: three | question: What are the number of true atolls are in the Tuvalu islands?, answer: six | question: What is the total land area of Tuvalu?, answer: 26 square kilometres | question: How does Tuvalu rank in country size as compared to other nations?, answer: fourth smallest | question: What is the coverage of Tuvalu's economic zone?, answer: 900,000 km2
Tuvalu experiences the effects of El Niño and La Niña caused by changes in ocean temperatures in the equatorial and central Pacific. El Niño effects increase the chances of tropical storms and cyclones, while La Niña effects increase the chances of drought. Typically the islands of Tuvalu receive between 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 in) of rainfall per month. However, in 2011 a weak La Niña effect caused a drought by cooling the surface of the sea around Tuvalu. A state of emergency was declared on 28 September 2011; with rationing of fresh-water on the islands of Funafuti and Nukulaelae. Households on Funafuti and Nukulaelae were restricted to two buckets of fresh water per day (40 litres).

question: What specific ocean temperature conditions effect Tuvalu?, answer: El Niño and La Niña | question: Which effect causes increases in sea storms like cyclones?, answer: El Niño | question: What temperature effect causes drought?, answer: La Niña | question: What did a drought in 2011 cause on Funafuti?, answer: rationing of fresh-water | question: What is the usual amount of rainfall per month on Tuvalu?, answer: 200 to 400 mm
Tuvalu participates in the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), which is a coalition of small island and low-lying coastal countries that have concerns about their vulnerability to the adverse effects of global climate change. Under the Majuro Declaration, which was signed on 5 September 2013, Tuvalu has commitment to implement power generation of 100% renewable energy (between 2013 and 2020), which is proposed to be implemented using Solar PV (95% of demand) and biodiesel (5% of demand). The feasibility of wind power generation will be considered. Tuvalu participates in the operations of the Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) and the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP).

question: Of what alliance is Tuvalu a member?, answer: Alliance of Small Island States | question: What is the AOSIS'S main concern?, answer: climate change | question: To what agreement has Tuvalu committed?, answer: Majuro Declaration | question: What type of energy does the Majuro Declaration advocate?, answer: 100% renewable | question: By what means does Tuvalu plan to produce 95% of its energy?, answer: Solar PV
Tuvalu participates in the operations of the Pacific Island Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA) and the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC). The Tuvaluan government, the US government, and the governments of other Pacific islands, are parties to the South Pacific Tuna Treaty (SPTT), which entered into force in 1988. Tuvalu is also a member of the Nauru Agreement which addresses the management of tuna purse seine fishing in the tropical western Pacific. In May 2013 representatives from the United States and the Pacific Islands countries agreed to sign interim arrangement documents to extend the Multilateral Fisheries Treaty (which encompasses the South Pacific Tuna Treaty) to confirm access to the fisheries in the Western and Central Pacific for US tuna boats for 18 months. Tuvalu and the other members of the Pacific Island Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA) and the United States have settled a tuna fishing deal for 2015; a longer term deal will be negotiated. The treaty is an extension of the Nauru Agreement and provides for US flagged purse seine vessels to fish 8,300 days in the region in return for a payment of US$90 million made up by tuna fishing industry and US-Government contributions. In 2015 Tuvalu has refused to sell fishing days to certain nations and fleets that have blocked Tuvaluan initiatives to develop and sustain their own fishery.

question: In what fishery group does Tuvalu participate?, answer: Pacific Island Forum Fisheries Agency | question: Of what fishery treaty is Tuvalu a signatory?, answer: South Pacific Tuna Treaty | question: What is the focus of the Nauru Agreement?, answer: tuna purse seine fishing | question: Of what did Tuvalu agree to the extension ?, answer: Multilateral Fisheries Treaty | question: What did Tuvalu refuse to sell in 2015?, answer: fishing days
Tuvalu participates in the work of Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC (sometimes Pacific Community) and is a member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. Tuvalu has maintained a mission at the United Nations in New York City since 2000. Tuvalu is a member of the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. On 18 February 2016 Tuvalu signed the Pacific Islands Development Forum Charter and formally joined the Pacific Islands Development Forum (PIDF).

question: In what group is Tuvalu involved?, answer: Secretariat of the Pacific Community | question: In which forum group is Tuvalu a member?, answer: Pacific Islands Forum | question: In which British group is Tuvalu a member?, answer: Commonwealth of Nations | question: To what world organization does Tuvalu belong?, answer: United Nations | question: On what date did Tuvalu join the Pacific Islands Development Forum?, answer: 18 February 2016
Tuvaluans are well known for their seafaring skills, with the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute on Amatuku motu (island), Funafuti, providing training to approximately 120 marine cadets each year so that they have the skills necessary for employment as seafarers on merchant shipping. The Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union (TOSU) is the only registered trade union in Tuvalu. It represents workers on foreign ships. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) estimates that 800 Tuvaluan men are trained, certified and active as seafarers. The ADB estimates that, at any one time, about 15% of the adult male population works abroad as seafarers. Job opportunities also exist as observers on tuna boats where the role is to monitor compliance with the boat's tuna fishing licence.

question: What school provides maritime education on Tuvalu?, answer: Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute | question: What is the yearly number of cadets at the Maritime Training Institute?, answer: 120 | question: What is the only trade union on Tuvalu?, answer: Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union | question: On what does the Seaman'd Union represent workers?, answer: on foreign ships | question: How many Tuvaluan men are active seafarers?, answer: 800
Two airports serve Philadelphia: the Philadelphia International Airport (PHL), straddling the southern boundary of the city, and the Northeast Philadelphia Airport (PNE), a general aviation reliever airport in Northeast Philadelphia. Philadelphia International Airport provides scheduled domestic and international air service, while Northeast Philadelphia Airport serves general and corporate aviation. In 2013, Philadelphia International Airport was the 15th busiest airport in the world measured by traffic movements (i.e. takeoffs and landings). It is also the second largest hub and primary international hub for American Airlines.

question: Name the main airport?, answer: Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) | question: Where does PHL rank in the list of busiest airports?, answer: 15th | question: What airline uses this airport as its primary international hub?, answer: American Airlines
Two annual productions are especially notable: the Waa-Mu show, and the Dolphin show. Waa-Mu is an original musical, written and produced almost entirely by students. Children's theater is represented on campus by Griffin's Tale and Purple Crayon Players. Its umbrella organization—the Student Theatre Coalition, or StuCo, organizes nine student theatre companies, multiple performance groups and more than sixty independent productions each year. Many Northwestern alumni have used these productions as stepping stones to successful television and film careers. Chicago's Lookingglass Theatre Company, for example, which began life in the Great Room in Jones Residential College, was founded in 1988 by several alumni, including David Schwimmer; in 2011, it won the Regional Tony Award.

question: What are the two most notable productions each year at Northwestern?, answer: the Waa-Mu show, and the Dolphin show | question: Who is the Waa-Muu show primarily written and produced by?, answer: students | question: What does StuCo stand for?, answer: Student Theatre Coalition | question: How many student theatre companies does StuCo organize?, answer: nine | question: Which theater company was founded by several Northwestern alumni in 1988?, answer: Chicago's Lookingglass
Two aspects of indigenous pre-Hispanic culture that withstood time are chenchule' and inafa'maolek. Chenchule' is the intricate system of reciprocity at the heart of Chamorro society. It is rooted in the core value of inafa'maolek. Historian Lawrence Cunningham in 1992 wrote, "In a Chamorro sense, the land and its produce belong to everyone. Inafa'maolek, or interdependence, is the key, or central value, in Chamorro culture ... Inafa'maolek depends on a spirit of cooperation and sharing. This is the armature, or core, that everything in Chamorro culture revolves around. It is a powerful concern for mutuality rather than individualism and private property rights."

question: What two indiginous pre-hispanic culture has survived to this point?, answer: chenchule' and inafa'maolek | question: What is the name of the intricate system in Guam?, answer: . Chenchule | question: What do the Chamorro believe in according to Historian Lawrence Cinningham, answer: the land and its produce belong to everyone
Two assumptions underpinned the British approach to HAA fire; first, aimed fire was the primary method and this was enabled by predicting gun data from visually tracking the target and having its height. Second, that the target would maintain a steady course, speed and height. This HAA was to engage targets up to 24,000 feet. Mechanical, as opposed to igniferous, time fuses were required because the speed of powder burning varied with height so fuse length was not a simple function of time of flight. Automated fire ensured a constant rate of fire that made it easier to predict where each shell should be individually aimed.

question: What was the primary method for HAA fire?, answer: aimed fire | question: Along with predicting the gun data from tracking the target, what else needed to be known about the target to enable the aimed fire?, answer: its height | question: Another assumption was that the target would maintain a steady course along with what other two factors?, answer: speed and height | question: Targets could be how many feet for the HAA to engage them?, answer: 24,000 feet | question: What kind of fuses were needed?, answer: Mechanical
Two battle-hardened Australian divisions were steaming from the Mid-East for Singapore. Churchill wanted them diverted to Burma, but Curtin insisted on a return to Australia. In early 1942 elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy proposed an invasion of Australia. The Japanese Army opposed the plan and it was rejected in favour of a policy of isolating Australia from the United States via blockade by advancing through the South Pacific. The Japanese decided upon a seaborne invasion of Port Moresby, capital of the Australian Territory of Papua which would put Northern Australia within range of Japanese bomber aircraft.

question: How many Australian divisions steamed from the Mid-East for Singapore?, answer: Two | question: Where did Churchill want the Australian divisions bound for Singapore to be diverted to?, answer: Burma | question: What Japanese group opposed an invasion of Australia?, answer: Japanese Army | question: What was the capital of Papua?, answer: Port Moresby | question: What country did Japan isolate Australia from with a blockade?, answer: United States
Two chains of DNA twist around each other to form a DNA double helix with the phosphate-sugar backbone spiralling around the outside, and the bases pointing inwards with adenine base pairing to thymine and guanine to cytosine. The specificity of base pairing occurs because adenine and thymine align form two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine form three hydrogen bonds. The two strands in a double helix must therefore be complementary, with their sequence of bases matching such that the adenines of one strand are paired with the thymines of the other strand, and so on.:4.1

question: What is the backbone of a DNA double helix made of?, answer: phosphate-sugar | question: What base pairs with thymine?, answer: adenine | question: What base does guanine pair with?, answer: cytosine | question: What causes the specificity of base pairing?, answer: adenine and thymine align form two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine form three hydrogen bonds | question: Due to the cause of the specificity of base pairing, what must be true of the two strands in a double helix?, answer: The two strands in a double helix must therefore be complementary
Two common considerations have the Latin names lectio brevior (shorter reading) and lectio difficilior (more difficult reading). The first is the general observation that scribes tended to add words, for clarification or out of habit, more often than they removed them. The second, lectio difficilior potior (the harder reading is stronger), recognizes the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text. Applying this principle leads to taking the more difficult (unharmonized) reading as being more likely to be the original. Such cases also include scribes simplifying and smoothing texts they did not fully understand.

question: Is a lectio brevrio or lectio difficilior approach more akin to the original text?, answer: Applying this principle leads to taking the more difficult (unharmonized) reading as being more likely to be the original. | question: What is the main principle of lectio brevior?, answer: scribes tended to add words, for clarification or out of habit | question: Define "lectio brevior", answer: shorter reading | question: What is the main principle of lectio difficilior?, answer: the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text. | question: Define "lectio difficilior", answer: more difficult reading
Two contrasting viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe—a dimension independent of events, in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. The opposing view is that time does not refer to any kind of "container" that events and objects "move through", nor to any entity that "flows", but that it is instead part of a fundamental intellectual structure (together with space and number) within which humans sequence and compare events. This second view, in the tradition of Gottfried Leibniz and Immanuel Kant, holds that time is neither an event nor a thing, and thus is not itself measurable nor can it be travelled.

question: According to one of the main viewpoints of time, time is part of the fundamental structure of what?, answer: the universe | question: The realist view of time is sometimes referred to as what?, answer: Newtonian time | question: What does the opposing view of time believe time is a part of?, answer: a fundamental intellectual structure
Two controversies during the campaign tested him and his staff, but did not affect the campaign. One involved a report that Nixon had improperly received funds from a secret trust. Nixon spoke out adroitly to avoid potential damage, but the matter permanently alienated the two candidates. The second issue centered on Eisenhower's relented decision to confront the controversial methods of Joseph McCarthy on his home turf in a Wisconsin appearance. Just two weeks prior to the election, Eisenhower vowed to go to Korea and end the war there. He promised to maintain a strong commitment against Communism while avoiding the topic of NATO; finally, he stressed a corruption-free, frugal administration at home.

question: What was the home state of Joseph McCarthy?, answer: Wisconsin | question: Where did Eisenhower claim he would end the war?, answer: Korea | question: During the campaign, from where was it claimed Nixon had received money improperly?, answer: a secret trust | question: What topic did Eisenhower not discuss during the campaign?, answer: NATO
Two days after "1984" aired, the Macintosh went on sale, and came bundled with two applications designed to show off its interface: MacWrite and MacPaint. It was first demonstrated by Steve Jobs in the first of his famous Mac keynote speeches, and though the Mac garnered an immediate, enthusiastic following, some labeled it a mere "toy." Because the operating system was designed largely around the GUI, existing text-mode and command-driven applications had to be redesigned and the programming code rewritten. This was a time-consuming task that many software developers chose not to undertake, and could be regarded as a reason for an initial lack of software for the new system. In April 1984, Microsoft's MultiPlan migrated over from MS-DOS, with Microsoft Word following in January 1985. In 1985, Lotus Software introduced Lotus Jazz for the Macintosh platform after the success of Lotus 1-2-3 for the IBM PC, although it was largely a flop. Apple introduced the Macintosh Office suite the same year with the "Lemmings" ad. Infamous for insulting its own potential customers, the ad was not successful.

question: What two applications came bundled with Macs 2 days after "1984" was aired?, answer: MacWrite and MacPaint | question: Why did many software developers choose not to redesign the Mac operating system and rewrite the programming code?, answer: This was a time-consuming task | question: What year did Microsoft's MultiPlan migrate over from MS-DOS?, answer: 1984 | question: What year was Apple's Macintosh Office suite introduced?, answer: 1985 | question: What did Apple's "Lemmings" ad, which introduced Macintosh Office, do that made the ad unsuccessful?, answer: insulting its own potential customers
Two days after the marriage, Bonaparte left Paris to take command of the Army of Italy. He immediately went on the offensive, hoping to defeat the forces of Piedmont before their Austrian allies could intervene. In a series of rapid victories during the Montenotte Campaign, he knocked Piedmont out of the war in two weeks. The French then focused on the Austrians for the remainder of the war, the highlight of which became the protracted struggle for Mantua. The Austrians launched a series of offensives against the French to break the siege, but Napoleon defeated every relief effort, scoring notable victories at the battles of Castiglione, Bassano, Arcole, and Rivoli. The decisive French triumph at Rivoli in January 1797 led to the collapse of the Austrian position in Italy. At Rivoli, the Austrians lost up to 14,000 men while the French lost about 5,000.

question: After his marriage, Napoleon left Paris to lead what army?, answer: the Army of Italy | question: In which series of battles did Napoleon eliminate the forces of Piedmont from the war?, answer: the Montenotte Campaign | question: When did the French victory at Rivoli occur?, answer: January 1797 | question: Up to how many Austrian soldiers died at Rivoli?, answer: 14,000 | question: Around how many casualties did the French suffer at Rivoli?, answer: 5,000
Two days later, it was announced that Luis Enrique would return to Barcelona as head coach, after he agreed to a two-year deal. He was recommended by sporting director Andoni Zubizarreta, his former national teammate. Following Enrique's arrival, Barcelona broke their transfer record when they paid Liverpool F.C. between €81 to €94 million for striker Luis Suárez, who was serving a four-month ban from all football-related activity imposed by the FIFA Disciplinary Committee after biting Italian defender Giorgio Chiellini during his appearance for Uruguay in a World Cup group stage match.

question: Who returned to Barcelona as head coach?, answer: Luis Enrique | question: How long did Enrique 's deal as coach run?, answer: two-year | question: How much did Barcelona pay for Luis Saurez?, answer: between €81 to €94 million | question: Why was Saurez not playing for four months?, answer: ban from all football | question: Who banned Saurez for four months after he bit another player?, answer: FIFA Disciplinary Committee