lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
The radio signal's electrical component induces a voltage in the conductor. This causes an electrical current to begin flowing in the direction of the signal's instantaneous field. When the resulting current reaches the end of the conductor, it reflects, which is equivalent to a 180 degree change in phase. If the conductor is 1⁄4 of a wavelength long, current from the feed point will undergo 90 degree phase change by the time it reaches the end of the conductor, reflect through 180 degrees, and then another 90 degrees as it travels back. That means it has undergone a total 360 degree phase change, returning it to the original signal. The current in the element thus adds to the current being created from the source at that instant. This process creates a standing wave in the conductor, with the maximum current at the feed.

question: What part of the radio signal creates voltage?, answer: electrical component | question: What would the electric current always gravitate to?, answer: instantaneous field | question: What is the outcome when a curren is reflected>, answer: 180 degree change in phase | question: What amount of phase change would return a signal to its originial state?, answer: 360 degree
The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks. Stations include: KOGO AM 600, KFMB AM 760, KCEO AM 1000, KCBQ AM 1170, K-Praise, KLSD AM 1360 Air America, KFSD 1450 AM, KPBS-FM 89.5, Channel 933, Star 94.1, FM 94/9, FM News and Talk 95.7, Q96 96.1, KyXy 96.5, Free Radio San Diego (AKA Pirate Radio San Diego) 96.9FM FRSD, KSON 97.3/92.1, KXSN 98.1, Jack-FM 100.7, 101.5 KGB-FM, KLVJ 102.1, Rock 105.3, and another Pirate Radio station at 106.9FM, as well as a number of local Spanish-language radio stations.

question: What is another name Free Radio San Diego is known by?, answer: Pirate Radio San Diego | question: In addition to Free Radio San Diego, what other pirate station is in San Diego?, answer: 106.9FM | question: What is the largest nationwide broadcaster in San Diego?, answer: Clear Channel Communications | question: Which language are some local radio stations available in?, answer: Spanish | question: What is the exact setting for FM News & Talk?, answer: 95.7
The radish is also a typical food representing people of Nanjing, which has been spread through word of mouth as an interesting fact for many years in China. According to Nanjing.GOV.cn, "There is a long history of growing radish in Nanjing especially the southern suburb. In the spring, the radish tastes very juicy and sweet. It is well-known that people in Nanjing like eating radish. And the people are even addressed as 'Nanjing big radish', which means they are unsophisticated, passionate and conservative. From health perspective, eating radish can help to offset the stodgy food that people take during the Spring Festival".

question: What is considered to be a typical food for a Nanjing resident?, answer: radish | question: Which area has the longest history of growing radish?, answer: the southern suburb | question: What does the radish taste like in the spring?, answer: very juicy and sweet | question: What are Nanjing people called by others?, answer: 'Nanjing big radish' | question: What does calling someone 'Nanjing big radish' mean they are like?, answer: they are unsophisticated, passionate and conservative
The railroads opened up the Great Plains for settlement, for now it was possible to ship wheat and other crops at low cost to the urban markets in the East, and Europe. Homestead land was free for American settlers. Railroads sold their land at cheap rates to immigrants in expectation they would generate traffic as soon as farms were established. Immigrants poured in, especially from Germany and Scandinavia. On the plains, very few single men attempted to operate a farm or ranch by themselves; they clearly understood the need for a hard-working wife, and numerous children, to handle the many chores, including child-rearing, feeding and clothing the family, managing the housework, feeding the hired hands, and, especially after the 1930s, handling paperwork and financial details. During the early years of settlement, farm women played an integral role in assuring family survival by working outdoors. After approximately one generation, women increasingly left the fields, thus redefining their roles within the family. New technology including sewing and washing machines encouraged women to turn to domestic roles. The scientific housekeeping movement, promoted across the land by the media and government extension agents, as well as county fairs which featured achievements in home cookery and canning, advice columns for women regarding farm bookkeeping, and home economics courses in the schools.

question: what mainly opened the great plains for settlement?, answer: railroads | question: what did the railroads make it easy to do?, answer: ship wheat and other crops | question: who did the railroads sell cheap lands to?, answer: immigrants | question: who two new technologies were introducted in the 1930s?, answer: sewing and washing machines
The rainfall inhibition and the dissipation of cloud cover are most accentuated over the eastern section of the Sahara rather than the western. The prevailing air mass lying above the Sahara is the continental tropical (cT) air mass which is hot and dry. Hot, dry air masses primarily form over the North-African desert from the heating of the vast continental land area, and it affects the whole desert during most of the year. Because of this extreme heating process, a thermal low is usually noticed near the surface, and is the strongest and the most developed during the summertime. The Sahara High represents the eastern continental extension of the Azores High, centered over the North Atlantic Ocean. The subsidence of the Sahara High nearly reaches the ground during the coolest part of the year while it limits to the upper troposphere during the hottest periods.

question: What section of the Sahara's cloud cover are the most accentuated?, answer: eastern | question: What is the air mass lying above the Sahara?, answer: hot and dry | question: What part of the country does the air masses primarily form over?, answer: North-African desert
The range is mostly located in the United States but extends into southeastern Canada, forming a zone from 100 to 300 mi (160 to 480 km) wide, running from the island of Newfoundland 1,500 mi (2,400 km) southwestward to Central Alabama in the United States.[discuss] The range covers parts of the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, which comprise an overseas territory of France. The system is divided into a series of ranges, with the individual mountains averaging around 3,000 ft (910 m). The highest of the group is Mount Mitchell in North Carolina at 6,684 feet (2,037 m), which is the highest point in the United States east of the Mississippi River.

question: What country do the Appalachian mountains extend into?, answer: Canada | question: How large is the zone in Canada?, answer: 100 to 300 mi | question: Where does it start in Canada?, answer: Newfoundland | question: Where does it end in the US?, answer: Central Alabama | question: What island is included in the range?, answer: Saint Pierre and Miquelon
The ranging signals are based on the CDMA principle and have complex structure typical of Galileo or modernized GPS. Similar to the other GNSS, there will be two levels of positioning service: open and restricted (military). The public service shall be available globally to general users. When all the currently planned GNSS systems are deployed, the users will benefit from the use of a total constellation of 75+ satellites, which will significantly improve all the aspects of positioning, especially availability of the signals in so-called urban canyons. The general designer of the COMPASS navigation system is Sun Jiadong, who is also the general designer of its predecessor, the original BeiDou navigation system.

question: What are the ranging signals of the BeiDou system based on?, answer: the CDMA principle | question: What positioning levels will the BeiDou system offer?, answer: open and restricted (military) | question: Where will the public service for the BeiDou system be available?, answer: globally to general users | question: Who designed the COMPASS navigation system?, answer: Sun Jiadong | question: How many satellites will the COMPASS navigation system use?, answer: 75+ satellites
The rapid development of religions in Zhejiang has driven the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them in 2014, variously named "Three Rectifications and One Demolition" operations or "Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities" according to the locality. These regulations have led to cases of demolition of churches and folk religion temples, or the removal of crosses from churches' roofs and spires. An exemplary case was that of the Sanjiang Church.

question: When did the rapid development of religions in Zhejiang drive the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them?, answer: 2014 | question: According to the locality, in addition to "Three Rectifications and One Demolition", what was another name for these measures?, answer: Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities | question: These regulations have led to the demolition of churches and what else?, answer: folk religion temples | question: What have these regulations led to the removal of from churches?, answer: crosses | question: What was an exemplary case of all this?, answer: Sanjiang Church
The rapid expansion of the Rus' to the south led to conflict and volatile relationships with the Khazars and other neighbors on the Pontic steppe. The Khazars dominated the Black Sea steppe during the 8th century, trading and frequently allying with the Byzantine Empire against Persians and Arabs. In the late 8th century, the collapse of the Göktürk Khaganate led the Magyars and the Pechenegs, Ugric and Turkic peoples from Central Asia, to migrate west into the steppe region, leading to military conflict, disruption of trade, and instability within the Khazar Khaganate. The Rus' and Slavs had earlier allied with the Khazars against Arab raids on the Caucasus, but they increasingly worked against them to secure control of the trade routes.

question: What led to constant problems with the Khazars?, answer: rapid expansion of the Rus' to the south | question: Which area did the Khazars rule over?, answer: Black Sea steppe | question: Who were allies with the Khazars?, answer: Byzantine Empire | question: Who were common enimies to both the Khazars and Byzantine Empire?, answer: Persians and Arabs
The rapid increase of population of A Coruña, Vigo and to a lesser degree other major Galician cities, like Ourense, Pontevedra or Santiago de Compostela during the years that followed the Spanish Civil War during the mid-20th century occurred as the rural population declined: many villages and hamlets of the four provinces of Galicia disappeared or nearly disappeared during the same period. Economic development and mechanization of agriculture resulted in the fields being abandoned, and most of the population has moving to find jobs in the main cities. The number of people working in the Tertiary and Quaternary sectors of the economy has increased significantly.

question: A rapid population growth after occurred after which war?, answer: Spanish Civil War | question: What are two reasons for which Galicia's rural areas have been largely abandoned?, answer: Economic development and mechanization of agriculture
The ratio of Muslims to Christians fluctuated throughout the period of Ottoman domination. In 1777–78, 47,000 Muslims constituted a majority over the island's 37,000 Christians. By 1872, the population of the island had risen to 144,000, comprising 44,000 Muslims and 100,000 Christians. The Muslim population included numerous crypto-Christians, including the Linobambaki, a crypto-Catholic community that arose due to religious persecution of the Catholic community by the Ottoman authorities; this community would assimilate into the Turkish Cypriot community during British rule.

question: How many Muslims made up the island's population in 1777-78?, answer: 47,000 | question: How many Christians made up the island's population in 1777-78?, answer: 37,000 | question: What was the population of the island in 1872?, answer: 144,000 | question: In 1872 the island contained how many Muslims?, answer: 44,000 | question: In 1872 the island contained how many Christians?, answer: 100,000
The reaction to the encyclical's continued prohibitions of artificial birth control was very mixed. In Italy, Spain, Portugal and Poland, the encyclical was welcomed. In Latin America, much support developed for the Pope and his encyclical. As World Bank President Robert McNamara declared at the 1968 Annual Meeting of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group that countries permitting birth control practices would get preferential access to resources, doctors in La Paz, Bolivia called it insulting that money should be exchanged for the conscience of a Catholic nation. In Colombia, Cardinal archbishop Aníbal Muñoz Duque declared, if American conditionality undermines Papal teachings, we prefer not to receive one cent. The Senate of Bolivia passed a resolution stating that Humanae vitae could be discussed in its implications for individual consciences, but was of greatest significance because the papal document defended the rights of developing nations to determine their own population policies. The Jesuit Journal Sic dedicated one edition to the encyclical with supportive contributions.

question: Who was president of the World Bank in 1968?, answer: Robert McNamara | question: What were developing countries encouraged to allow access to by the World Bank?, answer: birth control | question: In what country did doctors call the World Bank's offer of resources in exchange for liberal birth control policies "insulting"?, answer: Bolivia | question: Who said Columbia did not want American aid if it required changing the Catholic church's stance on birth control?, answer: Cardinal archbishop Aníbal Muñoz Duque | question: What country did Cardinal archbishop Anlbal Munoz Duque represent?, answer: Colombia
The reason for this is that a quantum disjunction, unlike the case for classical disjunction, can be true even when both of the disjuncts are false and this is, in turn, attributable to the fact that it is frequently the case, in quantum mechanics, that a pair of alternatives are semantically determinate, while each of its members are necessarily indeterminate. This latter property can be illustrated by a simple example. Suppose we are dealing with particles (such as electrons) of semi-integral spin (angular momentum) for which there are only two possible values: positive or negative. Then, a principle of indetermination establishes that the spin, relative to two different directions (e.g., x and y) results in a pair of incompatible quantities. Suppose that the state ɸ of a certain electron verifies the proposition "the spin of the electron in the x direction is positive." By the principle of indeterminacy, the value of the spin in the direction y will be completely indeterminate for ɸ. Hence, ɸ can verify neither the proposition "the spin in the direction of y is positive" nor the proposition "the spin in the direction of y is negative." Nevertheless, the disjunction of the propositions "the spin in the direction of y is positive or the spin in the direction of y is negative" must be true for ɸ. In the case of distribution, it is therefore possible to have a situation in which , while .

question: What is the difference of quantum disjunction from classic?, answer: can be true even when both of the disjuncts are false | question: What is frequently the case in quantum mechanics when a pair of alternatives are semantically determinate?, answer: each of its members are necessarily indeterminate | question: How can quantum disjuction be illustrated?, answer: illustrated by a simple example
The reasons for the strong Swedish dominance are as explained by Richard Sparks manifold; suffice to say here that there is a long-standing tradition, an unsusually large proportion of the populations (5% is often cited) regularly sing in choirs, the Swedish choral director Eric Ericson had an enormous impact on a cappella choral development not only in Sweden but around the world, and finally there are a large number of very popular primary and secondary schools (music schools) with high admission standards based on auditions that combine a rigid academic regimen with high level choral singing on every school day, a system that started with Adolf Fredrik's Music School in Stockholm in 1939 but has spread over the country.

question: What is the name of the Swedish man known for being a large influence to a cappella across the world?, answer: Eric Ericson | question: Which music school began the implementation of high musical standards?, answer: Adolf Fredrik's Music School | question: What portion of the Swedish population engages in a cappella singing?, answer: 5% | question: Who describes the many reasons for Sweden's heavy involvement in a cappella?, answer: Richard Sparks
The rebel barons responded by inviting the French prince Louis to lead them: Louis had a claim to the English throne by virtue of his marriage to Blanche of Castile, a granddaughter of Henry II. Philip may have provided him with private support but refused to openly support Louis, who was excommunicated by Innocent for taking part in the war against John. Louis' planned arrival in England presented a significant problem for John, as the prince would bring with him naval vessels and siege engines essential to the rebel cause. Once John contained Alexander in Scotland, he marched south to deal with the challenge of the coming invasion.

question: The rebel barons invited who to lead them?, answer: French prince Louis | question: Who was Henry II's granddaughter?, answer: Blanche of Castile | question: What did John do once he contained Alexander in Scotland?, answer: he marched south to deal with the challenge of the coming invasion
The rebellion of fellow Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh had an immediate effect in Armenia itself. Daily demonstrations, which began in the Armenian capital Yerevan on February 18, initially attracted few people, but each day the Nagorno-Karabakh issue became increasingly prominent and numbers swelled. On February 20, a 30,000-strong crowd demonstrated in Theater Square, by February 22, there were 100,000, the next day 300,000, and a transport strike was declared, by February 25, there were close to 1 million demonstrators – about a quarter of Armenia's population. This was the first of the large, peaceful public demonstrations that would become a feature of communism's overthrow in Prague, Berlin, and, ultimately, Moscow. Leading Armenian intellectuals and nationalists, including future first President of independent Armenia Levon Ter-Petrossian, formed the eleven-member Karabakh Committee to lead and organize the new movement.

question: Where were the first demonstrations in Armenia?, answer: Yerevan | question: What is the capitol of Armenia?, answer: Yerevan | question: How many people protested on February 23?, answer: 300,000, | question: What sort of strike was called?, answer: transport | question: What percentage of Armenia's total population protested on February 25?, answer: about a quarter
The rebels made the first move in the war, seizing the strategic Rochester Castle, owned by Langton but left almost unguarded by the archbishop. John was well prepared for a conflict. He had stockpiled money to pay for mercenaries and ensured the support of the powerful marcher lords with their own feudal forces, such as William Marshal and Ranulf of Chester. The rebels lacked the engineering expertise or heavy equipment necessary to assault the network of royal castles that cut off the northern rebel barons from those in the south. John's strategy was to isolate the rebel barons in London, protect his own supply lines to his key source of mercenaries in Flanders, prevent the French from landing in the south-east, and then win the war through slow attrition. John put off dealing with the badly deteriorating situation in North Wales, where Llywelyn the Great was leading a rebellion against the 1211 settlement.

question: Who made the first move in the war?, answer: rebels | question: What did the rebels seize?, answer: Rochester Castle | question: Who lead the rebellion against the 1211 settlement?, answer: Llywelyn the Great | question: What was John's strategy?, answer: isolate the rebel barons in London
The rebels soon split into various factions fighting one another. The Economic Community Monitoring Group under the Economic Community of West African States organized a military task force to intervene in the crisis. From 1989 to 1996 one of Africa's bloodiest civil wars ensued, claiming the lives of more than 200,000 Liberians and displacing a million others into refugee camps in neighboring countries. A peace deal between warring parties was reached in 1995, leading to Taylor's election as president in 1997.

question: What eventually happened to the rebels?, answer: split into various factions fighting one another. | question: Who intervened in the rebel crisis?, answer: The Economic Community Monitoring Group under the Economic Community of West African States | question: What did the economic community monitoring group do to intervene in the crisis?, answer: organized a military task force | question: During what period did the African civil war last?, answer: 1989 to 1996 | question: How many liberians died in the civil war?, answer: 200,000
The record attendance for an Everton home match is 78,299 against Liverpool on 18 September 1948. Amazingly, there was only 1 injury at this game-Tom Fleetwood was hit on the head by a coin thrown from the crowd whilst he marched around the perimeter with St Edward's Orphanage Band, playing the cornet. Goodison Park, like all major English football grounds since the recommendations of the Taylor Report were implemented, is now an all-seater and only holds just under 40,000, meaning it is unlikely that this attendance record will ever be broken at Goodison. Everton's record transfer paid was to Chelsea for Belgian forward Romelu Lukaku for a sum of £28m. Everton bought the player after he played the previous year with the team on loan.

question: How many fans were in attendance during Everton's match against Liverpool on September 18, 1948?, answer: 78,299 | question: How many fans were injured in Everton's 1948 match against Liverpool that drew the largest crowd they've had?, answer: 1 | question: Who was injured during Everton's record attendance match against Liverpool in 1948?, answer: Tom Fleetwood | question: How many people does Goodison Park stadium hold?, answer: under 40,000 | question: How much did Everton FC pay to transfer Belgian forward Romelu Lukaku?, answer: £28m