lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
The Battle of Spicheren, on 5 August, was the second of three critical French defeats. Moltke had originally planned to keep Bazaine's army on the Saar River until he could attack it with the 2nd Army in front and the 1st Army on its left flank, while the 3rd Army closed towards the rear. The aging General von Steinmetz made an overzealous, unplanned move, leading the 1st Army south from his position on the Moselle. He moved straight toward the town of Spicheren, cutting off Prince Frederick Charles from his forward cavalry units in the process.

question: Which battle was the second of three key French losses?, answer: Battle of Spicheren | question: On what date did the battle of Spicheren take place?, answer: 5 August | question: Moltke had originally planned to kee Bazaine's army on what river?, answer: the Saar River | question: Which general's zeal and lack of planning led to cutting off Prince Charles from his calvary?, answer: General von Steinmetz | question: Which town was the site of General von Steinmetz's grave error?, answer: Spicheren
The Battle of Wörth (also known as Fröschwiller or Reichshoffen) began when the two armies clashed again on 6 August near Wörth in the town of Fröschwiller, about 10 miles (16 km) from Wissembourg. The Crown Prince of Prussia's 3rd army had, on the quick reaction of his Chief of Staff General von Blumenthal, drawn reinforcements which brought its strength up to 140,000 troops. The French had been slowly reinforced and their force numbered only 35,000. Although badly outnumbered, the French defended their position just outside Fröschwiller. By afternoon, the Germans had suffered c. 10,500 killed or wounded and the French had lost a similar number of casualties and another c. 9,200 men taken prisoner, a loss of about 50%. The Germans captured Fröschwiller which sat on a hilltop in the centre of the French line. Having lost any hope for victory and facing a massacre, the French army disengaged and retreated in a westerly direction towards Bitche and Saverne, hoping to join French forces on the other side of the Vosges mountains. The German 3rd army did not pursue the French but remained in Alsace and moved slowly south, attacking and destroying the French garrisons in the vicinity.

question: What battle began when two armies collided in the town of Froschwiller?, answer: The Battle of Wörth | question: On what date did the Battle of Worth begin?, answer: 6 August | question: What was the estimated number of troops in Prussia's 3rd Army?, answer: 140,000 troops | question: What number of troops did France have to contend with?, answer: 35,000 | question: Instead of pursuing the French as they retreated, the Germans decided to remain where?, answer: Alsace
The Baylor College of Medicine has annually been considered within the top ten medical schools in the nation; likewise, the MD Anderson Cancer Center has consistently ranked as one of the top two U.S. hospitals specializing in cancer care by U.S. News & World Report since 1990. The Menninger Clinic, a renowned psychiatric treatment center, is affiliated with Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital System. With hospital locations nationwide and headquarters in Houston, the Triumph Healthcare hospital system is the third largest long term acute care provider nationally.

question: What Houston medical school ranks in the top ten U.S. medical schools?, answer: Baylor College of Medicine | question: How does MD Anderson Cancer Center rank in US hospitals dealing with cancer care?, answer: one of the top two | question: What type of treatments does the Menninger Clinic offer?, answer: psychiatric | question: What is the third largest acute care center in the U.S.?, answer: Triumph Healthcare | question: Where is the Triumph Healthcare hospital headquartered?, answer: Houston
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, simplified Chinese: 北斗卫星导航系统; traditional Chinese: 北斗衛星導航系統; pinyin: Běidǒu wèixīng dǎoháng xìtǒng) is a Chinese satellite navigation system. It consists of two separate satellite constellations – a limited test system that has been operating since 2000, and a full-scale global navigation system that is currently under construction.

question: What is the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System?, answer: a Chinese satellite navigation system | question: How many satellite constellations does the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System have?, answer: two separate satellite constellations | question: What are the two satellite constellations?, answer: a limited test system that has been operating since 2000, and a full-scale global navigation system | question: How long has the limited test system been operating?, answer: since 2000 | question: How is the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System written in traditional Chinese?, answer: 北斗衛星導航系統
The BeiDou-2 system began offering services for the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. At this time, the system could provide positioning data between longitude 55°E to 180°E and from latitude 55°S to 55°N.

question: When did the BeiDou-2 system start offering services?, answer: December 2012 | question: Where did the BeiDou-2 system start offering services in 2012?, answer: the Asia-Pacific region | question: At the time when BeiDou-2 system began offering services, what was the positioning data the system was able to provide?, answer: between longitude 55°E to 180°E and from latitude 55°S to 55°N
The Bell Telephone Company was created in 1877, and by 1886, more than 150,000 people in the U.S. owned telephones. Bell Company engineers made numerous other improvements to the telephone, which emerged as one of the most successful products ever. In 1879, the Bell company acquired Edison's patents for the carbon microphone from Western Union. This made the telephone practical for longer distances, and it was no longer necessary to shout to be heard at the receiving telephone.

question: In what year was the Bell Telephone Company founded?, answer: 1877 | question: How many people in the United States had a telephone by 1886?, answer: 150,000 | question: In what year did Bell get some of Edison's patents?, answer: 1879 | question: What addition let people stop yelling into the telephone?, answer: carbon microphone | question: What company did Bell acquire the carbon microphone from?, answer: Western Union
The Bell family home was in Cambridge, Massachusetts, until 1880 when Bell's father-in-law bought a house in Washington, D.C., and later in 1882 bought a home in the same city for Bell's family, so that they could be with him while he attended to the numerous court cases involving patent disputes.

question: In what year did Mabel's father move to Washington D.C.?, answer: 1880 | question: In what year did Bell acquire a house in D.C.?, answer: 1882 | question: Where did Bell and Mabel live before 1880?, answer: Cambridge, Massachusetts | question: What did Bell have to go to court for in D.C.?, answer: patent disputes
The Bengali Renaissance refers to a social reform movement during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the Bengal region of India during the period of British rule dominated by English educated Bengali Hindus. The Bengal Renaissance can be said to have started with Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833) and ended with Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), although many stalwarts thereafter continued to embody particular aspects of the unique intellectual and creative output of the region. Nineteenth century Bengal was a unique blend of religious and social reformers, scholars, literary giants, journalists, patriotic orators, and scientists, all merging to form the image of a renaissance, and marked the transition from the 'medieval' to the 'modern'.

question: What was the social reform movement centered in Bengal in the 19th to early 20th century?, answer: Bengali Renaissance | question: What group lead the Bengali Renaissance?, answer: English educated Bengali Hindus | question: With whom did the Renaissance movement begin?, answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy | question: With whom was it said the the movement ended?, answer: Rabindranath Tagore | question: From what did the Renaissance Movement mark the change?, answer: medieval' to the 'modern
The Berbers along the Barbary Coast (modern day Libya) sent pirates to capture merchant ships and hold the crews for ransom. The U.S. paid protection money until 1801, when President Thomas Jefferson refused to pay and sent in the Navy to challenge the Barbary States, the First Barbary War followed. After the U.S.S. Philadelphia was captured in 1803, Lieutenant Stephen Decatur led a raid which successfully burned the captured ship, preventing Tripoli from using or selling it. In 1805, after William Eaton captured the city of Derna, Tripoli agreed to a peace treaty. The other Barbary states continued to raid U.S. shipping, until the Second Barbary War in 1815 ended the practice.

question: Where was the Barbary Coast?, answer: modern day Libya | question: Who sent pirates to capture merchant ships?, answer: The Berbers | question: How did the United States initially deal with this problem?, answer: The U.S. paid protection money until 1801 | question: What American naval officer led a raid that destroyed a captured American ship?, answer: Stephen Decatur | question: What city did William Eaton capture to end the first Barbary War?, answer: Derna
The Berggarten is an important European botanical garden.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Tropical House, the Cactus House, the Canary House and the Orchid House, which hosts one of the world's biggest collection of orchids, and free-flying birds and butterflies. Near the entrance to the Berggarten is the historic Library Pavillon. The Mausoleum of the Guelphs is also located in the Berggarten. Like the Great Garden, the Berggarten also consists of several parts, for example the Paradies and the Prairie Garden. There is also the Sea Life Centre Hanover, which is the first tropical aquarium in Germany.[citation needed]

question: What is the Berggarten?, answer: European botanical garden | question: What is the name of the area inside the Berggarten that hosts one of the world's biggest collection of orchids?, answer: Orchid House | question: What historic landmark is near the entrance to the Berggarten?, answer: Library Pavillon | question: What is the name of the first tropical aquarium in Germany?, answer: Sea Life Centre Hanover | question: Other than orchids and birds, what else is housed in the Orchid House?, answer: butterflies
The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) operates public libraries in Paris, among them the François Mitterrand Library, Richelieu Library, Louvois, Opéra Library, and Arsenal Library. There are three public libraries in the 4th arrondissement. The Forney Library, in the Marais district, is dedicated to the decorative arts; the Arsenal Library occupies a former military building, and has a large collection on French literature; and the Bibliothèque historique de la ville de Paris, also in Le Marais, contains the Paris historical research service. The Sainte-Geneviève Library is in 5th arrondissement; designed by Henri Labrouste and built in the mid-1800s, it contains a rare book and manuscript division. Bibliothèque Mazarine, in the 6th arrondissement, is the oldest public library in France. The Médiathèque Musicale Mahler in the 8th arrondissement opened in 1986 and contains collections related to music. The François Mitterrand Library (nicknamed Très Grande Bibliothèque) in the 13th arrondissement was completed in 1994 to a design of Dominique Perrault and contains four glass towers.

question: Who operates the public libraries in Paris?, answer: Bibliothèque nationale de France | question: What is the Forney Library dedicated to?, answer: decorative arts | question: When was the Sainte Genevieve Library built?, answer: mid-1800s | question: What is the oldest public library in France?, answer: Bibliothèque Mazarine | question: Which library contains four glass towers?, answer: The François Mitterrand Library
The Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire (BNU) is, with its collection of more than 3,000,000 titles, the second largest library in France after the Bibliothèque nationale de France. It was founded by the German administration after the complete destruction of the previous municipal library in 1871 and holds the unique status of being simultaneously a students' and a national library. The Strasbourg municipal library had been marked erroneously as "City Hall" in a French commercial map, which had been captured and used by the German artillery to lay their guns. A librarian from Munich later pointed out "...that the destruction of the precious collection was not the fault of a German artillery officer, who used the French map, but of the slovenly and inaccurate scholarship of a Frenchman."

question: What is the second largest library in France?, answer: Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire | question: How many titles does the library have?, answer: 3,000,000 | question: Who founded the library?, answer: German administration | question: When was the previous library destroyed?, answer: 1871 | question: What was the library marked as on the map?, answer: City Hall
The Bingley Arms, Bardsey, Yorkshire, is claimed to date to 905 AD. Ye Olde Salutation Inn in Nottingham dates from 1240, although the building served as a tannery and a private residence before becoming an inn sometime before the English Civil War. The Adam and Eve in Norwich was first recorded in 1249, when it was an alehouse for the workers constructing nearby Norwich Cathedral. Ye Olde Man & Scythe in Bolton, Lancashire, is mentioned by name in a charter of 1251, but the current building is dated 1631. Its cellars are the only surviving part of the older structure.

question: When does The Bingley Arms claim to have been founded?, answer: 905 | question: In what county is the Bingley Arms located?, answer: Yorkshire | question: When does the building housing Ye Olde Salutation Inn date back to?, answer: 1240 | question: Where is Ye Olde Salutation Inn located?, answer: Nottingham | question: When does the building housing Ye Olde Man & Scythe date from?, answer: 1631
The Bithynians were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia. After Alexander's conquests the region of Bithynia came under the rule of the native king Bas, who defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia. His son, Zipoetes I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy against Lysimachus and Seleucus I, and assumed the title of king (basileus) in 297 BCE. His son and successor, Nicomedes I, founded Nicomedia, which soon rose to great prosperity, and during his long reign (c. 278 – c. 255 BCE), as well as those of his successors, the kingdom of Bithynia held a considerable place among the minor monarchies of Anatolia. Nicomedes also invited the Celtic Galatians into Anatolia as mercenaries, and they later turned on his son Prusias I, who defeated them in battle. Their last king, Nicomedes IV, was unable to maintain himself against Mithridates VI of Pontus, and, after being restored to his throne by the Roman Senate, he bequeathed his kingdom by will to the Roman republic (74 BCE).

question: Who were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia?, answer: The Bithynians | question: King Bas defeated which general of Alexander?, answer: Calas | question: Who assumed the title of king from Bas?, answer: Zipoetes I | question: When did Zipoetes I assume the role of king?, answer: 297 BCE | question: Who founded Nicomedia?, answer: Nicomedes I
The Black Wednesday economic disaster in September 1992 left the Conservative government's reputation for monetary excellence in tatters, and by the end of that year Labour had a comfortable lead over the Tories in the opinion polls. Although the recession was declared over in April 1993 and a period of strong and sustained economic growth followed, coupled with a relatively swift fall in unemployment, the Labour lead in the opinion polls remained strong. However, Smith died from a heart attack in May 1994.

question: WHen was Black Wednesday?, answer: September 1992 | question: What was Black Wednesday?, answer: economic disaster | question: When was the recession declared over?, answer: April 1993 | question: When did Smith die?, answer: May 1994 | question: What did Smith die of?, answer: a heart attack
The Blue Ridge Mountains, rising in southern Pennsylvania and there known as South Mountain, attain elevations of about 2,000 ft (600 m) in that state. South Mountain achieves its highest point just below the Mason-Dixon line in Maryland at Quirauk Mountain 2,145 ft (654 m) and then diminishes in height southward to the Potomac River. Once in Virginia the Blue Ridge again reaches 2,000 ft (600 m) and higher. In the Virginia Blue Ridge, the following are some of the highest peaks north of the Roanoke River: Stony Man 4,031 ft (1,229 m), Hawksbill Mountain 4,066 ft (1,239 m), Apple Orchard Mountain 4,225 ft (1,288 m) and Peaks of Otter 4,001 and 3,875 ft (1,220 and 1,181 m). South of the Roanoke River, along the Blue Ridge, are Virginia's highest peaks including Whitetop Mountain 5,520 ft (1,680 m) and Mount Rogers 5,729 ft (1,746 m), the highest point in the Commonwealth.

question: Where do the Blue Ridge Mountains begin?, answer: southern Pennsylvania | question: What are the typical elevations of the Blue Ridge Mountains?, answer: 2,000 ft | question: How tall is Quirauk Mountain?, answer: 2,145 ft | question: How tall are the Blue Ridge Mountains in Virginia?, answer: 2,000 ft | question: What is the tallest Appalachian mountain in Virginia?, answer: Mount Rogers
The Bohr magneton and the nuclear magneton are units which are used to describe the magnetic properties of the electron and atomic nuclei respectively. The Bohr magneton is the magnetic moment which would be expected for an electron if it behaved as a spinning charge according to classical electrodynamics. It is defined in terms of the reduced Planck constant, the elementary charge and the electron mass, all of which depend on the Planck constant: the final dependence on h1/2 (r2 > 0.995) can be found by expanding the variables.

question: What is the unit of magentic properties of the electron?, answer: Bohr magneton | question: What is the unit of magentic properties of atomic nuclei?, answer: nuclear magneton | question: The Bohr magneton is the magnetic moment of an electron under what restriction?, answer: behaved as a spinning charge according to classical electrodynamics | question: What three terms define the Bohr magneton value?, answer: the reduced Planck constant, the elementary charge and the electron mass
The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons."

question: What is a fundamental collection of documents of the Lutherans?, answer: The Book of Concord | question: Beginning in what century was the Book of Concord a central part of the Lutheran Church?, answer: 16th | question: What kind of statement is the Book of Concord?, answer: confessional | question: What are the legislative systems of various Lutheran institutions called?, answer: canons | question: What kind of belief is the subject of the Book of Concord?, answer: orthodox
The Boston Globe and the Boston Herald are two of the city's major daily newspapers. The city is also served by other publications such as Boston magazine, The Improper Bostonian, DigBoston, and the Boston edition of Metro. The Christian Science Monitor, headquartered in Boston, was formerly a worldwide daily newspaper but ended publication of daily print editions in 2009, switching to continuous online and weekly magazine format publications. The Boston Globe also releases a teen publication to the city's public high schools, called Teens in Print or T.i.P., which is written by the city's teens and delivered quarterly within the school year.

question: The Boston Globe and the Boston herals are two of Bostons what?, answer: daily newspapers | question: Where is the Christial Science Monitor headquarters?, answer: Boston | question: When did the Christian Science Monitor end daily print newspapers?, answer: 2009 | question: How often does The Christian Science monitor publish their magazine?, answer: weekly | question: What is the name of the teen paper that the Boston Globe provides to schools?, answer: Teens in Print
The Boston Globe wrote that "if there's one school that can lay claim to educating the nation's top national leaders over the past three decades, it's Yale." Yale alumni were represented on the Democratic or Republican ticket in every U.S. Presidential election between 1972 and 2004. Yale-educated Presidents since the end of the Vietnam War include Gerald Ford, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush, and major-party nominees during this period include John Kerry (2004), Joseph Lieberman (Vice President, 2000), and Sargent Shriver (Vice President, 1972). Other Yale alumni who made serious bids for the Presidency during this period include Hillary Clinton (2008), Howard Dean (2004), Gary Hart (1984 and 1988), Paul Tsongas (1992), Pat Robertson (1988) and Jerry Brown (1976, 1980, 1992).

question: What did the Boston Globe have to say about Yale?, answer: "if there's one school that can lay claim to educating the nation's top national leaders over the past three decades, it's Yale." | question: Which US presidents since the Vietnam War have studied at Yale?, answer: Gerald Ford, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush | question: What well known presidential candidates also studied at Yale?, answer: Hillary Clinton (2008), Howard Dean (2004), Gary Hart (1984 and 1988), Paul Tsongas (1992), Pat Robertson (1988) and Jerry Brown (1976, 1980, 1992). | question: What non winning major party nominees studied at Yale?, answer: John Kerry (2004), Joseph Lieberman (Vice President, 2000), and Sargent Shriver (Vice President, 1972) | question: How many times were Yale alumni on a presidential ticket between 1972 and 2004, answer: every
The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second oldest public high school, and its oldest public elementary school. The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. There are private, parochial, and charter schools as well, and approximately 3,300 minority students attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council.

question: How many students are in Boston Public schools?, answer: 57,000 | question: How many schools are in Boston?, answer: 145 schools | question: What is the oldest public high school in the US?, answer: The Boston Latin School | question: What percentage of Bostons public students are African American?, answer: 35%