lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
In English, the country is popularly known as either "Burma" or "Myanmar" i/ˈmjɑːnˌmɑːr/. Both these names are derived from the name of the majority Burmese Bamar ethnic group. Myanmar is considered to be the literary form of the name of the group, while Burma is derived from "Bamar", the colloquial form of the group's name. Depending on the register used, the pronunciation would be Bama (pronounced: [bəmà]) or Myamah (pronounced: [mjəmà]). The name Burma has been in use in English since the 18th century.

question: Where did the name Burma originate from ?, answer: names are derived from the name of the majority Burmese Bamar ethnic group | question: What is the considered to be the name in slang terms for the people of Myanmar?, answer: Burma is derived from "Bamar", the colloquial form of the group's name | question: How is the slang term for the people of Burma articulated correctly ?, answer: Depending on the register used, the pronunciation would be Bama (pronounced: [bəmà]) | question: When did the term for the people of Burma become a common place word in English?, answer: The name Burma has been in use in English since the 18th century.
In English, the term referring to a person first appears in the mid 14th century as Catelaner, followed in the 15th century as Catellain (from French). It is attested a language name since at least 1652. Catalan can be pronounced as /ˈkætəlæn/, /kætəˈlæn/ or /ˈkætələn/.

question: When did the reference Catelaner first appear?, answer: mid 14th century | question: What is a Catalan person called in the 15th century?, answer: Catellain | question: What language is the source of the term Catellain?, answer: French | question: What is the language source of the term Catelaner?, answer: English | question: Since what year has this term been used?, answer: 1652
In Epperson v. Arkansas, 393 U.S. 97 (1968), the Supreme Court considered an Arkansas law that made it a crime "to teach the theory or doctrine that mankind ascended or descended from a lower order of animals," or "to adopt or use in any such institution a textbook that teaches" this theory in any school or university that received public funds. The court's opinion, written by Justice Abe Fortas, ruled that the Arkansas law violated "the constitutional prohibition of state laws respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The overriding fact is that Arkansas' law selects from the body of knowledge a particular segment which it proscribes for the sole reason that it is deemed to conflict with a particular religious doctrine; that is, with a particular interpretation of the Book of Genesis by a particular religious group." The court held that the Establishment Clause prohibits the state from advancing any religion, and that "[T]he state has no legitimate interest in protecting any or all religions from views distasteful to them."

question: When did the case of Epperson v. Arkansas take place?, answer: 1968 | question: What did the Arkansas law violate the constitutional prohibition of state laws in respect to?, answer: an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof | question: Who wrote the court's opinion in Epperson v. Arkansas?, answer: Justice Abe Fortas | question: What does the State have no legitimate interest in protecting any or all religions from?, answer: views distasteful to them | question: What did an Arkansas law make it a crime to teach the theory of?, answer: that mankind ascended or descended from a lower order of animals
In Estonian, nouns and pronouns do not have grammatical gender, but nouns and adjectives decline in fourteen cases: nominative, genitive, partitive, illative, inessive, elative, allative, adessive, ablative, translative, terminative, essive, abessive, and comitative, with the case and number of the adjective(s) always agreeing with that of the noun (except in the terminative, essive, abessive and comitative, where there is agreement only for the number, the adjective being in the genitive form). Thus the illative for kollane maja ("a yellow house") is kollasesse majja ("into a yellow house"), but the terminative is kollase majani ("as far as a yellow house"). With respect to the Proto-Finnic language, elision has occurred; thus, the actual case marker may be absent, but the stem is changed, cf. maja – majja and the Pohjanmaa dialect of Finnish maja – majahan.

question: What language lacks gendered nouns and pronouns?, answer: Estonian | question: In the nominative, genitive, partitive, illative, inessive, elative, allative, adessive, ablative, translative cases what always agrees with the noun in number and case?, answer: adjectives
In Europe and Australia, the system was released to two separate marketing regions. One region consisted of most of mainland Europe (excluding Italy), and distribution there was handled by a number of different companies, with Nintendo responsible for most cartridge releases. Most of this region saw a 1986 release. Mattel handled distribution for the other region, consisting of the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Italy, Australia and New Zealand, starting the following year. Not until the 1990s did Nintendo's newly created European branch direct distribution throughout Europe.

question: Where was the system released to two separate marketing areas?, answer: Europe and Australia | question: One region comprised the entirety of mainland Europe save for which country?, answer: Italy | question: Who released cartridges in mainland Europe?, answer: Nintendo | question: Who handled distribution in the other region?, answer: Mattel | question: When did the European brance finally directly distribute throughout Europe?, answer: 1990s
In Europe, Dutch is the majority language in the Netherlands (96%) and Belgium (59%) as well as a minority language in Germany and northern France's French Flanders, where it is in the ultimate stage of language death. Though Belgium as a whole is multilingual, the two regions into which the country is divided (Flanders, francophone Wallonia, bilingual Brussels and small 'facility' zones) are largely monolingual. The Netherlands and Belgium produce the vast majority of music, films, books and other media written or spoken in Dutch. Dutch is a monocentric language, with all speakers using the same standard form (authorized by the Dutch Language Union) based on a Dutch orthography employing the Latin alphabet when writing. In stark contrast to its written uniformity, Dutch lacks a prestige dialect and has a large dialectal continuum consisting of 28 main dialects, which can themselves be further divided into at least 600 distinguishable varieties.

question: What percentage of people in Belgium speak Dutch?, answer: 59% | question: What country in Europe has the highest percentage of Dutch speakers?, answer: the Netherlands | question: What region in France is experiencing Dutch language death?, answer: French Flanders | question: What's the name of the institution that ensures Dutch is monocentric?, answer: Dutch Language Union | question: How many different major dialects of Dutch are there?, answer: 28
In Europe, and other regions using the ISO 216 paper sizing system, the weight is expressed in grammes per square metre (g/m2 or usually just g) of the paper. Printing paper is generally between 60 g and 120 g. Anything heavier than 160 g is considered card. The weight of a ream therefore depends on the dimensions of the paper and its thickness.

question: What ISO sizing system does Europe use?, answer: ISO 216 | question: If paper is over 160g what is it considered as?, answer: card | question: Besides thickness, what attribute is used in stating the weight of a ream in Europe?, answer: dimensions
In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland.

question: What amenity does an inn offer that pubs, alehouses and taverns usually do not?, answer: accommodation | question: In what nation's pubs is food often served?, answer: the UK | question: Along with Southwark and The Tabard, what is a notable London inn?, answer: The George | question: In what country is "The Welcome Inn" frequently used as a name for pubs?, answer: Scotland | question: Aside from human beings, what creature's needs were traditionally seen to at inns?, answer: horses
In Europe, rates of tuberculosis began to rise in the early 1600s to a peak level in the 1800s, when it caused nearly 25% of all deaths. By the 1950s, mortality had decreased nearly 90%. Improvements in public health began significantly reducing rates of tuberculosis even before the arrival of streptomycin and other antibiotics, although the disease remained a significant threat to public health such that when the Medical Research Council was formed in Britain in 1913, its initial focus was tuberculosis research.

question: When did the incidence of TB in Europe reach its highest point?, answer: 1800s | question: When tuberculosis was at its worst in Europe, what percentage of deaths was TB-related?, answer: 25% | question: What British health organization made tuberculosis its top priority at its start?, answer: Medical Research Council | question: What year was the Medical Research Council created?, answer: 1913 | question: About how much had the death rate from TB been reduced in Europe by the midpoint of the 20th century?, answer: 90%
In Europe, the copyright infringement case Public Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd had two prongs; one concerned whether a news aggregator service infringed the copyright of the news generators; the other concerned whether the temporary web cache created by the web browser of a consumer of the aggregator's service, also infringed the copyright of the news generators. The first prong was decided in favor of the news generators; in June 2014 the second prong was decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which ruled that the temporary web cache of consumers of the aggregator did not infringe the copyright of the news generators.

question: Where was the Public Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd case contested?, answer: Europe | question: Whose copyright were news aggregators infringing on?, answer: news generators | question: When was the second part of the case decided?, answer: June 2014 | question: What did the courts rule was NOT infringement?, answer: temporary web cache of consumers
In Europe, there has been a general move away from religious observance and belief in Christian teachings and a move towards secularism. The Enlightenment is largely responsible for the spread of secularism. Several scholars have argued for a link between the rise of secularism and Protestantism, attributing it to the wide-ranging freedom in the Protestant countries. In North America, South America and Australia Christian religious observance is much higher than in Europe. United States remains particularly religious in comparison to other developed countries. South America, historically Roman Catholic, has experienced a large Evangelical and Pentecostal infusion in the 20th and 21st centuries.

question: What direction has Europe moved towards?, answer: secularism | question: What caused the spread of secularism?, answer: The Enlightenment | question: What areas have a higher rate of Christian observance?, answer: North America, South America and Australia | question: When did South America show an increase in Evangelicals?, answer: the 20th and 21st centuries | question: What country is more religious than other developed nations?, answer: United States
In European countries which were most profoundly influenced by the Reformation, Protestantism still remains the most practiced religion. These include the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom. In other historical Protestant strongholds such as Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary, it remains one of the most popular religions. Although Czech Republic was the site of one of the most significant pre-reformation movements, there are only few Protestant adherents; mainly due to historical reasons like persecution of Protestants by the Catholic Habsburgs, restrictions during the Communist rule, and also the ongoing secularization. Over the last several decades, religious practice has been declining as secularization has increased. According to a 2012 study about Religiosity in the European Union in 2012 by Eurobarometer, Protestants made up 12% of the EU population. According to Pew Research Center, Protestants constituted nearly one fifth (or 17.8%) of the continent's Christian population in 2010. Clarke and Beyer estimate that Protestants constituted 15% of all Europeans in 2009, while Noll claims that less than 12% of them lived in Europe in 2010.

question: In what European areas is Protestantism still the most practiced religion?, answer: the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom | question: In 2012, what percentage of the EU was thought to be Protestant?, answer: 12% | question: In what countries is Protestantism one of the most popular (but not THE most popular) religions?, answer: Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary | question: The Pew Research Center estimated Protestants to be what percentage of Europe's Christian population in 2010?, answer: 17.8% | question: What area was once the site of a significant pre-reformation movement, but now only has a small number of Protestants?, answer: Czech Republic
In European history when child labour was common, as well as in contemporary child labour of modern world, certain cultural beliefs have rationalised child labour and thereby encouraged it. Some view that work is good for the character-building and skill development of children. In many cultures, particular where the informal economy and small household businesses thrive, the cultural tradition is that children follow in their parents' footsteps; child labour then is a means to learn and practice that trade from a very early age. Similarly, in many cultures the education of girls is less valued or girls are simply not expected to need formal schooling, and these girls pushed into child labour such as providing domestic services.

question: Throughout European history was child labour seen as a positive?, answer: Some view that work is good for the character-building and skill development of children | question: Are boys or girls more likely in some cultures to be thrown into child labour?, answer: girls | question: For working parents what is the value of having their children work by their side?, answer: learn and practice that trade from a very early age | question: Do many cultures place value of the education of a young girl?, answer: education of girls is less valued
In European history, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, the High, and the Late Middle Ages.

question: In what century did the Middle Ages begin?, answer: 5th | question: What century saw the end of the Middle Ages?, answer: 15th | question: What event marked the beginning of the Middle Ages?, answer: the collapse of the Western Roman Empire | question: Along with the Renaissance, what era occurred at the end of the Middle Ages?, answer: Age of Discovery | question: What is the first period of the three that Western history is traditionally divided into?, answer: Antiquity
In Evita (1996), Madonna played the title role of Eva Perón. For a long time, Madonna had desired to play Perón and wrote to director Alan Parker to explain why she would be perfect for the part. She said later, "This is the role I was born to play. I put everything of me into this because it was much more than a role in a movie. It was exhilarating and intimidating at the same time..... And I am prouder of Evita than anything else I have done." After securing the role, she had vocal training and learned about the history of Argentina and Perón. During shooting she became ill several times due to the intense emotional effort required. However, as she told Oprah, she was also pregnant during the filming: "I was winded after every take. I had to lie on the couch every ten minutes so I could recover from dizzy spells, I was worried that I was shaking the baby around too much and that would injure it in some way." Madonna wrote in her personal diary at the time: "Ironically, this feeling of vulnerability and weakness is helping me in the movie. I'm sure Evita felt this way every day of her life once she discovered she was ill."

question: In the film Evita, who did Madonna play?, answer: Eva Perón | question: Which director did Madonna write to saying that she was perfect for the part of Eva Peron?, answer: Alan Parker | question: When was Madonna pregnant?, answer: During shooting | question: After securing the role of Evita, what kind of training did Madonna have?, answer: vocal training
In Fall 2008, Northwestern opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar, joining five other American universities: Carnegie Mellon University, Cornell University, Georgetown University, Texas A&M University, and Virginia Commonwealth University. Through the Medill School of Journalism and School of Communication, NU-Q offers bachelor's degrees in journalism and communication respectively. The Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development provided funding for construction and administrative costs as well as support to hire 50 to 60 faculty and staff, some of whom rotate between the Evanston and Qatar campuses. In February 2016, Northwestern reached an agreement with the Qatar Foundation to extend the operations of the NU-Q branch for an additional decade, through the 2027-2028 academic year.

question: What branch did Northwestern open in Education City, Doha, Qatar?, answer: NU-Q | question: What bachelor's degree is offered at NU-Q through the Medill School of Journalism?, answer: journalism | question: Who provided the funding for the construction and administrative costs for NU-Q?, answer: The Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development | question: How long is the NU-Q branch of Northwestern scheduled to operate through an agreement in 2016?, answer: through the 2027-2028 academic year | question: What bachelor's degree is offered at NU-Q through the School of Communication?, answer: journalism
In February 1853, the British government of Lord Aberdeen, the prime minister, re-appointed Stratford Canning as British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire.:110 Having resigned the ambassadorship in January, he had been replaced by Colonel Rose as chargé d'affaires. Lord Stratford then turned around and sailed back to Constantinople, arriving there on 5 April 1853. There he convinced the Sultan to reject the Russian treaty proposal, as compromising the independence of the Turks. The Leader of the Opposition in the British House of Commons, Benjamin Disraeli, blamed Aberdeen and Stratford's actions for making war inevitable, thus starting the process which would eventually force the Aberdeen government to resign in January 1855, over the war.

question: Who was the Prime Minister of the British Government in 1853?, answer: Lord Aberdeen | question: Who did Aberdeen appoint the position of British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire to?, answer: Stratford Canning | question: Who replaced Stratford Canning after he first resigned as British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire ?, answer: Colonel Rose | question: After resigning where did Stratford Canning sail off to?, answer: Constantinople | question: Who did Stratford Canning convince to turn down the treaty proposal?, answer: Sultan
In February 1861, secessionists in Tennessee's state government—led by Governor Isham Harris—sought voter approval for a convention to sever ties with the United States, but Tennessee voters rejected the referendum by a 54–46% margin. The strongest opposition to secession came from East Tennessee (which later tried to form a separate Union-aligned state). Following the Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter in April and Lincoln's call for troops from Tennessee and other states in response, Governor Isham Harris began military mobilization, submitted an ordinance of secession to the General Assembly, and made direct overtures to the Confederate government. The Tennessee legislature ratified an agreement to enter a military league with the Confederate States on May 7, 1861. On June 8, 1861, with people in Middle Tennessee having significantly changed their position, voters approved a second referendum calling for secession, becoming the last state to do so.

question: Which Tennessee governor championed secession in February of 1861?, answer: Isham Harris | question: Which area of Tennessee was most resistant to secession?, answer: East Tennessee | question: What percentage of voters voted against secession in Tennessee's February 1861 referendum?, answer: 54 | question: On which date did Tennessee enter a military alliance with the Confederacy?, answer: May 7, 1861 | question: Which region of Tennessee swung in favor of secession in the June 1861 referendum?, answer: Middle Tennessee
In February 1907, the Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the amalgamation of two rival companies: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom. It was a move largely driven by the need to compete globally with Standard Oil. The Royal Dutch Petroleum Company was a Dutch company founded in 1890 to develop an oilfield in Sumatra, and initially led by August Kessler, Hugo Loudon, and Henri Deterding. The "Shell" Transport and Trading Company (the quotation marks were part of the legal name) was a British company, founded in 1897 by Marcus Samuel, 1st Viscount Bearsted, and his brother Samuel Samuel. Their father had owned an antique company in Houndsditch, London, which expanded in 1833 to import and sell sea-shells, after which the company "Shell" took its name.

question: When was Royal Shell Group Created?, answer: February 1907 | question: When was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company founded?, answer: 1890 | question: When WAS the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company founded?, answer: 1897 | question: The Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the merger of which two rival companies?, answer: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom | question: What was the main reason for the creation of the Royal Dutch Shell Group?, answer: the need to compete globally with Standard Oil | question: In what year was the Royal Dutch Shell Group created?, answer: 1907 | question: In what year was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company founded?, answer: 1890 | question: Why was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company created?, answer: to develop an oilfield in Sumatra