lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
A major consideration was the possible Soviet reaction in the event that the US intervened. The Truman administration was fretful that a war in Korea was a diversionary assault that would escalate to a general war in Europe once the United States committed in Korea. At the same time, "[t]here was no suggestion from anyone that the United Nations or the United States could back away from [the conflict]". Yugoslavia–a possible Soviet target because of the Tito-Stalin Split—was vital to the defense of Italy and Greece, and the country was first on the list of the National Security Council's post-North Korea invasion list of "chief danger spots". Truman believed if aggression went unchecked a chain reaction would be initiated that would marginalize the United Nations and encourage Communist aggression elsewhere. The UN Security Council approved the use of force to help the South Koreans and the US immediately began using what air and naval forces that were in the area to that end. The Administration still refrained from committing on the ground because some advisers believed the North Koreans could be stopped by air and naval power alone.

question: What was the Truman administration concerned about that was preventing them from getting involved in the Korean conflict?, answer: Soviet reaction | question: What agency approved the use of force in South Korea?, answer: The UN Security Council | question: Why did the US not send in ground troops after the United Nations approved the use of force?, answer: advisers believed the North Koreans could be stopped by air and naval power | question: Who believed that if the issues in Korea were not dealt with the communist aggression would spread?, answer: Truman | question: What resources did the US devote to South Korea after the Security Council approved engaging in an armed conflict?, answer: air and naval forces
A major feature is the calypso competition. Calypso music, originating in Trinidad, uses syncopated rhythm and topical lyrics. It offers a medium in which to satirise local politics, amidst the general bacchanal. Calypso tents, also originating in Trinidad, feature cadres of musicians who perform biting social commentaries, political exposés or rousing exhortations to "wuk dah waistline" and "roll dat bumper". The groups compete for the Calypso Monarch Award, while the air is redolent with the smells of Bajan cooking during the Bridgetown Market Street Fair. The Cohobblopot Festival blends dance, drama and music with the crowning of the King and Queen of costume bands. Every evening the "Pic-o-de-Crop" Show is performed after the King of Calypso is finally crowned. The climax of the festival is Kadooment Day celebrated with a national holiday when costume bands fill the streets with pulsating Barbadian rhythms and fireworks.

question: What type of competition is a major feature of the festival?, answer: calypso | question: Where did Calypso music originate?, answer: Trinidad | question: Who perform biting social commentaries?, answer: musicians | question: What do the musical groups compete for?, answer: the Calypso Monarch Award | question: What is the climax of the festival called?, answer: Kadooment Day
A major international priority for Tuvalu in the UN, at the 2002 Earth Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa and in other international fora, is promoting concern about global warming and the possible sea level rising. Tuvalu advocates ratification and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. In December 2009 the islands stalled talks on climate change at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, fearing some other developing countries were not committing fully to binding deals on a reduction in carbon emissions. Their chief negotiator stated, "Tuvalu is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change and our future rests on the outcome of this meeting."

question: What crisis is a major concern for Tuvalu at the UN?, answer: global warming | question: In concert with global warming, what is Tuvalu's other envirnmental priority?, answer: sea level rising | question: What agreement does Tuvalu advocate ratification?, answer: Kyoto Protocol | question: What did Tuvalu call for from other nations concerning reduction of carbon emissions?, answer: binding deals | question: What does Tuvalu feel its position to be in climate change?, answer: vulnerable
A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was "the most effective strategic weapon", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, "We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his "empire" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire.

question: Who did Hitler have a conflict over running the air force?, answer: Hermann Göring | question: What strategy could have worked against the British Empire?, answer: strangle British sea communications | question: What did the Kriegsmarine try to gain control over?, answer: aircraft | question: Who did Goring refuse to work with in 1940 and 1941?, answer: the Kriegsmarine
A major sporting event is the "Independence Day Sports Festival" held annually on 1 October. The most important sports event within the country is arguably the Tuvalu Games, which are held yearly since 2008. Tuvalu first participated in the Pacific Games in 1978 and in the Commonwealth Games in 1998, when a weightlifter attended the games held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Two table tennis players attended the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England; Tuvalu entered competitors in shooting, table tennis and weightlifting at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia; three athletes participated in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, entering the discus, shot put and weightlifting events; and a team of 3 weightlifters and 2 table tennis players attended the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Tuvaluan athletes have also participated in the men's and women's 100 metre sprints at the World Championships in Athletics from 2009.

question: What is a major annual sports event in Tuvalu?, answer: Independence Day Sports Festival | question: What is the most important sports event held on Tuvalu?, answer: Tuvalu Games | question: In what year did Tuvalu first appear in the Commonwealth Games?, answer: 1998 | question: What type of competitor entered the commonwealth Games in 1998?, answer: weightlifter | question: What competitions have Tuvalu athletes entered in the World Championships in Athletics?, answer: 100 metre sprints
A major turning point in the development of DC machines took place in 1864, when Antonio Pacinotti described for the first time the ring armature with its symmetrically grouped coils closed upon themselves and connected to the bars of a commutator, the brushes of which delivered practically non-fluctuating current. The first commercially successful DC motors followed the invention by Zénobe Gramme who, in 1871, reinvented Pacinotti's design. In 1873, Gramme showed that his dynamo could be used as a motor, which he demonstrated to great effect at exhibitions in Vienna and Philadelphia by connecting two such DC motors at a distance of up to 2 km away from each other, one as a generator. (See also 1873 : l'expérience décisive [Decisive Workaround] .)

question: What made Pacinotti's motor an important advancement?, answer: non-fluctuating current | question: Who created a motor similar to Pacinotti?, answer: Zénobe Gramme | question: How far from each other were the motors in Gramme's demonstrations?, answer: 2 km | question: Besides a motor, what did Gramme use the other device for?, answer: generator | question: In what two cities did Gramme conduct his demonstrations?, answer: Vienna and Philadelphia
A mandolin (Italian: mandolino pronounced [mandoˈliːno]; literally "small mandola") is a musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or "pick". It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist. The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths. It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.

question: What country did the mandolin originate from?, answer: Italian | question: What does mandolin translate to?, answer: small mandola | question: What musical family does the mandolin come from?, answer: lute family | question: How is the mandolin usually played?, answer: usually plucked with a plectrum or "pick" | question: How many courses does a mandolin commonly have?, answer: four
A microbrewery, or craft brewery, produces a limited amount of beer. The maximum amount of beer a brewery can produce and still be classed as a microbrewery varies by region and by authority, though is usually around 15,000 barrels (1.8 megalitres, 396 thousand imperial gallons or 475 thousand US gallons) a year. A brewpub is a type of microbrewery that incorporates a pub or other eating establishment. The highest density of breweries in the world, most of them microbreweries, exists in the German Region of Franconia, especially in the district of Upper Franconia, which has about 200 breweries. The Benedictine Weihenstephan Brewery in Bavaria, Germany, can trace its roots to the year 768, as a document from that year refers to a hop garden in the area paying a tithe to the monastery. The brewery was licensed by the City of Freising in 1040, and therefore is the oldest working brewery in the world.

question: What is a brewery called that makes a small amount of beer?, answer: microbrewery | question: What would you call a microbrewery that also has a restaurant or a pub?, answer: brewpub | question: In general, how much beer can a microbrewery make and still be classified as a microbrewery?, answer: around 15,000 barrels | question: What city is home to the oldest known brewery in the world that is still active?, answer: Freising | question: What year was The Benedictine Weihenstephan Brewery first licensed as a brewery?, answer: 1040
A minibus offers a basic service to carry people around Saint Helena, with most services designed to take people into Jamestown for a few hours on weekdays to conduct their business. Car hire is available for visitors.

question: What kind of vehicle offers basic transportation to people in Saint Helena?, answer: A minibus | question: Where does the minibus travel to?, answer: Jamestown | question: On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?, answer: weekdays
A minority view is that early seventeenth-century Baptists were influenced by (but not directly connected to) continental Anabaptists. According to this view, the General Baptists shared similarities with Dutch Waterlander Mennonites (one of many Anabaptist groups) including believer's baptism only, religious liberty, separation of church and state, and Arminian views of salvation, predestination and original sin. Representative writers including A.C. Underwood and William R. Estep. Gourley wrote that among some contemporary Baptist scholars who emphasize the faith of the community over soul liberty, the Anabaptist influence theory is making a comeback.

question: Who was thought to be influenced by continental Anabaptists?, answer: early seventeenth-century Baptists | question: Early seventeenth-century Baptists were thought to be influenced by who?, answer: continental Anabaptists | question: General Baptists shared similarities with who?, answer: Dutch Waterlander Mennonites | question: Who are two representative writers?, answer: A.C. Underwood and William R. Estep. Gourley | question: What were the Dutch Waterlander Mennonites?, answer: one of many Anabaptist groups
A molecular form called protonated molecular hydrogen (H+ 3) is found in the interstellar medium, where it is generated by ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays. This charged ion has also been observed in the upper atmosphere of the planet Jupiter. The ion is relatively stable in the environment of outer space due to the low temperature and density. H+ 3 is one of the most abundant ions in the Universe, and it plays a notable role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium. Neutral triatomic hydrogen H3 can only exist in an excited form and is unstable. By contrast, the positive hydrogen molecular ion (H+ 2) is a rare molecule in the universe.

question: What molecular form is found in the interstellar medium?, answer: protonated molecular hydrogen | question: What generates protonated molecular hydrogen?, answer: ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays | question: On what planet can you find protonated molecular hydrogen?, answer: Jupiter | question: In what way can Neutral triatomic hydrogen exist?, answer: excited form
A molecule of dietary fat typically consists of several fatty acids (containing long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms), bonded to a glycerol. They are typically found as triglycerides (three fatty acids attached to one glycerol backbone). Fats may be classified as saturated or unsaturated depending on the detailed structure of the fatty acids involved. Saturated fats have all of the carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains bonded to hydrogen atoms, whereas unsaturated fats have some of these carbon atoms double-bonded, so their molecules have relatively fewer hydrogen atoms than a saturated fatty acid of the same length. Unsaturated fats may be further classified as monounsaturated (one double-bond) or polyunsaturated (many double-bonds). Furthermore, depending on the location of the double-bond in the fatty acid chain, unsaturated fatty acids are classified as omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids. Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fat with trans-isomer bonds; these are rare in nature and in foods from natural sources; they are typically created in an industrial process called (partial) hydrogenation. There are nine kilocalories in each gram of fat. Fatty acids such as conjugated linoleic acid, catalpic acid, eleostearic acid and punicic acid, in addition to providing energy, represent potent immune modulatory molecules.

question: Dietary fat can be said to consist of fatty acids bonded to which molecule?, answer: glycerol | question: How many glycerol backbones does a triglyceride contain?, answer: one | question: What needs to be examined to determine whether a fat can be classified as saturated or unsaturated?, answer: the detailed structure of the fatty acids involved | question: Which element is present that is bonded to all of the carbons in a saturated fat?, answer: hydrogen | question: What kind of fat can a trans fat be categorized as?, answer: unsaturated fat
A month after having decreed the reform, the pope with a brief of 3 April 1582 granted to Antonio Lilio, the brother of Luigi Lilio, the exclusive right to publish the calendar for a period of ten years. The Lunario Novo secondo la nuova riforma printed by Vincenzo Accolti, one of the first calendars printed in Rome after the reform, notes at the bottom that it was signed with papal authorization and by Lilio (Con licentia delli Superiori... et permissu Ant(onii) Lilij). The papal brief was later revoked, on 20 September 1582, because Antonio Lilio proved unable to keep up with the demand for copies.

question: When were the rights to publish the calendar granted?, answer: 3 April 1582 | question: Who awarded the rights to publish the calendar?, answer: the pope | question: What problem caused the papal brief granting the right to publish to be withdrawn?, answer: demand for copies | question: When were the rights to print the calendar withdrawn?, answer: 20 September 1582 | question: Where were the first calendars printed?, answer: Rome
A month after the Spanish Civil War began in 1936, several players from Barcelona enlisted in the ranks of those who fought against the military uprising, along with players from Athletic Bilbao. On 6 August, Falangist soldiers near Guadarrama murdered club president Josep Sunyol, a representative of the pro-independence political party. He was dubbed the martyr of barcelonisme, and his murder was a defining moment in the history of FC Barcelona and Catalan identity. In the summer of 1937, the squad was on tour in Mexico and the United States, where it was received as an ambassador of the Second Spanish Republic. The tour led to the financial security of the club, but also resulted in half of the team seeking asylum in Mexico and France, making it harder for the remaining team to contest for trophies.

question: Who was murdered on 6 August, 1936?, answer: Josep Sunyol | question: Besides being club president, what was Sunyol involved in to have caused his murder?, answer: pro-independence political party | question: What was Sunyol called after his death?, answer: martyr | question: What was club Barcelona considered to represent when on tour in 1937?, answer: Second Spanish Republic | question: Where did half of the Barcelona team seek asylum in 1937?, answer: Mexico and France
A monument to the huge human cost of some of the gigantic construction projects of the early Ming dynasty is the Yangshan Quarry (located some 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city and Ming Xiaoling mausoleum), where a gigantic stele, cut on the orders of the Yongle Emperor, lies abandoned, just as it was left 600 years ago when it was understood it was impossible to move or complete it.

question: How far from Nanjing is the Yangshan Quarry?, answer: 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city | question: What large item is abandoned at the Quarry?, answer: a gigantic stele | question: How long ago was the stele abandoned?, answer: 600 years ago | question: Why was the stele abandoned?, answer: it was impossible to move or complete it | question: Who ordered the creation of the stele?, answer: the Yongle Emperor
A more accurate description of the hydrogen atom comes from a purely quantum mechanical treatment that uses the Schrödinger equation, Dirac equation or even the Feynman path integral formulation to calculate the probability density of the electron around the proton. The most complicated treatments allow for the small effects of special relativity and vacuum polarization. In the quantum mechanical treatment, the electron in a ground state hydrogen atom has no angular momentum at all—an illustration of how the "planetary orbit" conception of electron motion differs from reality.

question: What kind of movement does the electron not have in ground state?, answer: angular
A more elaborate form of urban AC is the rhythmic oldies format, which focuses primarily on "old school" R&B and soul hits from the 1960s to the 1990s, including Motown and disco hits. The format includes soul or disco artists such as ABBA, The Village People, The Jackson 5, Donna Summer, Tina Charles, Gloria Gaynor and the Bee Gees. Rhythmic oldies stations still exist today, but target African-Americans as opposed to a mass audience.

question: What radio format is similar to urban AC but features older soul and R&B songs?, answer: rhythmic oldies | question: What is the earliest decade of music typically featured on the rhythmic oldies format?, answer: 1960s | question: What is the most recent decade music from which music can be heard on a rhythmic oldies station?, answer: 1990s | question: What is the target demographic of the rhythmic oldies format?, answer: African-Americans
A more recent study by science historian John van Wyhe has determined that the idea that Darwin delayed publication only dates back to the 1940s, and Darwin's contemporaries thought the time he took was reasonable. Darwin always finished one book before starting another. While he was researching, he told many people about his interest in transmutation without causing outrage. He firmly intended to publish, but it was not until September 1854 that he could work on it full-time. His estimate that writing his "big book" would take five years was optimistic.

question: What did Darwin's contemporaries think of the long delays on his publishing?, answer: Darwin's contemporaries thought the time he took was reasonable | question: What was Darwin's process on writing his books?, answer: Darwin always finished one book before starting another | question: What was Darwin's original estimate for the amount of time his book would take to write?, answer: five years | question: Which scientist's study theorized that the idea of Darwin's work being delayed dates to the 1940s?, answer: John van Wyhe
A more sophisticated MP3 encoder can produce variable bitrate audio. MPEG audio may use bitrate switching on a per-frame basis, but only layer III decoders must support it. VBR is used when the goal is to achieve a fixed level of quality. The final file size of a VBR encoding is less predictable than with constant bitrate. Average bitrate is VBR implemented as a compromise between the two: the bitrate is allowed to vary for more consistent quality, but is controlled to remain near an average value chosen by the user, for predictable file sizes. Although an MP3 decoder must support VBR to be standards compliant, historically some decoders have bugs with VBR decoding, particularly before VBR encoders became widespread.

question: What kind of audio can a sophisticated MP3 encoder produce?, answer: variable bitrate audio | question: Which type of decoder must support bitrate switching on a per-frame basis?, answer: layer III | question: What do encoders use when the goal is to achieve a fixed level of quality?, answer: VBR | question: Using VBR instead of a constant bit rate encoding makes which part of encoding less predictable?, answer: final file size | question: An average bit rate is used when who choses an average value for the encoder to use?, answer: the user
A move to "permanent daylight saving time" (staying on summer hours all year with no time shifts) is sometimes advocated, and has in fact been implemented in some jurisdictions such as Argentina, Chile, Iceland, Singapore, Uzbekistan and Belarus. Advocates cite the same advantages as normal DST without the problems associated with the twice yearly time shifts. However, many remain unconvinced of the benefits, citing the same problems and the relatively late sunrises, particularly in winter, that year-round DST entails. Russia switched to permanent DST from 2011 to 2014, but the move proved unpopular because of the late sunrises in winter, so the country switched permanently back to "standard" or "winter" time in 2014.

question: What phrase describes keeping adjusted summer hours year-round?, answer: permanent daylight saving time | question: Proponents of permanent DST say it has all the advantages of regular DST without the issues some people have from what bi-annual occurrences?, answer: time shifts | question: In year-round DST, would sunrise happen early or late compared to most places?, answer: late | question: During what time period did Russia use permanent DST?, answer: 2011 to 2014 | question: In what season in areas observing permanent daylight saving time will it stay dark the latest in the morning?, answer: winter