lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders; by the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup. The Central African Republic Bush War began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, fighting broke out between various factions in December 2012, leading to ethnic and religious cleansing of the Muslim minority and massive population displacement in 2013 and 2014.

question: Who established CAR's borders?, answer: France | question: What country ruled CAR as a colony?, answer: France | question: When did CAR become independent?, answer: in 1960 | question: Who was the first democratically elected President?, answer: Ange-Félix Patassé | question: What religion is a minority in CAR?, answer: Muslim minority
What little there was, started with Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80), and Claude Nicolas Ledoux's Barriere des Bonshommes (1785–89). First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-Antoine Laugier's doctrines that sought to discern the principles of the Greeks instead of their mere practices. It would take until Laboustre's Neo-Grec of the second Empire for the Greek revival to flower briefly in France.

question: What is the earliest example of Greek architecture in France?, answer: Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80 | question: How concerned was France with Greek architecture?, answer: Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French | question: Who's influence brought about Greek revival in France?, answer: Laboustre | question: In which wave of neoclassical was the greek revival in France?, answer: second Empire
What's New was announced at Gamescom 2009 and was released on September 1, 2009, with PlayStation 3 system software 3.0. The feature was to replace the existing [Information Board], which displayed news from the PlayStation website associated with the user's region. The concept was developed further into a major PlayStation Network feature, which interacts with the [Status Indicator] to display a ticker of all content, excluding recently played content (currently in North America and Japan only).

question: What new feature for PS3 was released in September of 2009?, answer: What's New | question: At what event did Sony announce What's New?, answer: Gamescom | question: What did What's New replace?, answer: Information Board | question: What type of information is disseminated through What's New?, answer: news | question: What's geographical area does What's New tailor information to for each user?, answer: region
When Cowan Powers and his family recorded their old-time music from 1924-1926, his daughter Orpha Powers was one of the earliest known southern-music artists to record with the mandolin. By the 1930s, single mandolins were becoming more commonly used in southern string band music, most notably by brother duets such as the sedate Blue Sky Boys (Bill Bolick and Earl Bolick) and the more hard-driving Monroe Brothers (Bill Monroe and Charlie Monroe). However, the mandolin's modern popularity in country music can be directly traced to one man: Bill Monroe, the father of bluegrass music. After the Monroe Brothers broke up in 1939, Bill Monroe formed his own group, after a brief time called the Blue Grass Boys, and completed the transition of mandolin styles from a "parlor" sound typical of brother duets to the modern "bluegrass" style. He joined the Grand Ole Opry in 1939 and its powerful clear-channel broadcast signal on WSM-AM spread his style throughout the South, directly inspiring many musicians to take up the mandolin. Monroe famously played Gibson F-5 mandolin, signed and dated July 9, 1923, by Lloyd Loar, chief acoustic engineer at Gibson. The F-5 has since become the most imitated tonally and aesthetically by modern builders.

question: What family recorded an old-time music in 1924-1926?, answer: Cowan Powers and his family | question: Who was the earliest known southern music artist?, answer: Orpha Powers | question: What type of mandolin was becoming popular by 1930's?, answer: single mandolins | question: Who was considered the father of Bluegrass music?, answer: Bill Monroe | question: What was Bill Monroe's group called?, answer: Blue Grass Boys
When Eisenhower was elected President in 1952, he believed hiring practices and anti-discrimination laws should be decided by the states, although the administration gradually continued to desegregate the Armed Forces and the federal government.:50 The President also established the Government Contract Committee in 1953, which "conducted surveys of the racial composition of federal employees and tax-supported contractors".:50–51 The committee, chaired by Vice President Richard Nixon, had minimal outcomes in that they imposed the contractors with the primary responsibility of desegregation within their own companies and corporations.:51

question: Which year was Eisenhower elected President?, answer: 1952 | question: Who did Eisenhower believe should be allowed to decide the nature of discrimination laws?, answer: the states | question: What was established in 1953?, answer: Government Contract Committee | question: What was the main purpose of the Government Contract Committee?, answer: conducted surveys of the racial composition of federal employees and tax-supported contractors | question: Who was the chairman of the newly established committee?, answer: Vice President Richard Nixon
When Emperor Constantine I died, Athanasius was allowed to return to his See of Alexandria. Shortly thereafter, however, Constantine's son, the new Roman Emperor Constantius II, renewed the order for Athanasius's banishment in 338. Athanasius went to Rome, where he was under the protection of Constans, the Emperor of the West. During this time, Gregory of Cappadocia was installed as the Patriarch of Alexandria, usurping the absent Athanasius. Athanasius did, however, remain in contact with his people through his annual Festal Letters, in which he also announced on which date Easter would be celebrated that year.

question: At what point could Athanasius return to Alexandria?, answer: When Emperor Constantine I died | question: Who provided for his protection while he was in Rome?, answer: Constans | question: Who became Patriarch in Alexandria while Athanasius was away?, answer: Gregory of Cappadocia | question: How did the people of Alexandria know when to celebrate Easter?, answer: Festal Letters | question: Who declared Athanasius to be exiled again?, answer: Constantius II
When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa.

question: Who dissolved the Eritrean parliament in 1962?, answer: Emperor Haile Selassie | question: Who waged an armed struggle for independence in 1962 after Eritrea was annexed?, answer: ELF | question: What does the acroynm ELF stand for?, answer: Eritrean Liberation Front | question: How long did the Eritrean War for Independence last?, answer: 30 years | question: What is the acronym for Eritrean People's Liberation Front?, answer: EPLF
When Emperor Kammu moved the capital to Heian-kyō (Kyōto), which remained the imperial capital for the next 1,000 years, he did so not only to strengthen imperial authority but also to improve his seat of government geopolitically. Nara was abandoned after only 70 years in part due to the ascendancy of Dōkyō and the encroaching secular power of the Buddhist institutions there. Kyōto had good river access to the sea and could be reached by land routes from the eastern provinces. The early Heian period (784–967) continued Nara culture; the Heian capital was patterned on the Chinese Tang capital at Chang'an, as was Nara, but on a larger scale than Nara. Kammu endeavoured to improve the Tang-style administrative system which was in use. Known as the ritsuryō, this system attempted to recreate the Tang imperium in Japan, despite the "tremendous differences in the levels of development between the two countries". Despite the decline of the Taika-Taihō reforms, imperial government was vigorous during the early Heian period. Indeed, Kammu's avoidance of drastic reform decreased the intensity of political struggles, and he became recognized as one of Japan's most forceful emperors.

question: Heian was Japan's capital for how many years?, answer: 1,000 | question: Nara was the former capital for how many years?, answer: 70 | question: What religion was gaining popularity in Nara?, answer: Buddhist | question: What time period was the early Heian era?, answer: 784–967 | question: Kanmu modeled his government after what Chinese capital?, answer: Tang
When Empress Dowager Deng died, Emperor An (r. 106–125 AD) was convinced by the accusations of the eunuchs Li Run (李閏) and Jiang Jing (江京) that Deng and her family had planned to depose him. An dismissed Deng's clan members from office, exiled them and forced many to commit suicide. After An's death, his wife, Empress Dowager Yan (d. 126 AD) placed the child Marquess of Beixiang on the throne in an attempt to retain power within her family. However, palace eunuch Sun Cheng (d. 132 AD) masterminded a successful overthrow of her regime to enthrone Emperor Shun of Han (r. 125–144 AD). Yan was placed under house arrest, her relatives were either killed or exiled, and her eunuch allies were slaughtered. The regent Liang Ji (d. 159 AD), brother of Empress Liang Na (d. 150 AD), had the brother-in-law of Consort Deng Mengnü (later empress) (d. 165 AD) killed after Deng Mengnü resisted Liang Ji's attempts to control her. Afterward, Emperor Huan employed eunuchs to depose Liang Ji, who was then forced to commit suicide.

question: Who had forced a large number of Empress Dowager Deng's clan members to kill themselves?, answer: Emperor An | question: Which person plotted to overthrew the regime of Empress Dowager Yan?, answer: Sun Cheng | question: Who did Emperor Huan hire to depose Liang Ji?, answer: eunuchs | question: Relatives of what family were exiled after Sun Cheng had overthrown the regime?, answer: Yan | question: How did Liang Ji die?, answer: forced to commit suicide
When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingualism (for Estonians) intensified, resulting in widespread knowledge of Russian throughout the country. The Russian language was termed as ‘the language of friendship of nations’ and was taught to Estonian children, sometimes as early as in kindergarten. Although teaching Estonian to non-Estonians in schools was compulsory, in practice learning the language was often considered unnecessary.

question: What happened to Estonia during WWII?, answer: invaded and occupied | question: Who invaded Estonia?, answer: Soviet Union | question: After the Soviet invasion what other language became the second official Estonian language?, answer: Russian | question: What was another country with similar immigration patterns to post Soviet Estonia?, answer: Latvia | question: What became more intense in the 1970's in Estonia?, answer: pressure of bilingualism
When Ibn Sina was 22 years old, he lost his father. The Samanid dynasty came to its end in December 1004. Ibn Sina seems to have declined the offers of Mahmud of Ghazni, and proceeded westwards to Urgench in modern Turkmenistan, where the vizier, regarded as a friend of scholars, gave him a small monthly stipend. The pay was small, however, so Ibn Sina wandered from place to place through the districts of Nishapur and Merv to the borders of Khorasan, seeking an opening for his talents. Qabus, the generous ruler of Tabaristan, himself a poet and a scholar, with whom Ibn Sina had expected to find asylum, was on about that date (1012) starved to death by his troops who had revolted. Ibn Sina himself was at this time stricken by a severe illness. Finally, at Gorgan, near the Caspian Sea, Ibn Sina met with a friend, who bought a dwelling near his own house in which Ibn Sina lectured on logic and astronomy. Several of Ibn Sina's treatises were written for this patron; and the commencement of his Canon of Medicine also dates from his stay in Hyrcania.

question: At what age did Avicenna lose his father?, answer: 22 | question: What dynasty ended in December 1004?, answer: The Samanid dynasty | question: What modern country did Ibn Sina travel to after the end of the Samanid dynasty?, answer: Turkmenistan | question: What is one district that Ibn Sina traveled through in search of more work?, answer: Nishapur | question: Who did Ibn Sina turn down in order to travel westwards after the Samanid dynasty ended?, answer: Mahmud of Ghazni
When Internet hunting was introduced in 2005, allowing people to hunt over the Internet using remotely controlled guns, the practice was widely criticised by hunters as violating the principles of fair chase. As a representative of the National Rifle Association (NRA) explained, "The NRA has always maintained that fair chase, being in the field with your firearm or bow, is an important element of hunting tradition. Sitting at your desk in front of your computer, clicking at a mouse, has nothing to do with hunting."

question: When was internet hunting introduced?, answer: 2005 | question: How did Internet hunting allow people to hunt?, answer: using remotely controlled guns | question: Who criticized the practice of Internet hunting?, answer: hunters | question: What did hunters feel hunting over the Internet violated?, answer: principles of fair chase | question: What has the NRA always maintained that being in the field with your firearm is?, answer: an important element of hunting tradition | question: What allows people to hunt over the internet?, answer: Internet hunting | question: When was this type of hunting introduced?, answer: 2005 | question: How is this type of hunting done?, answer: hunt over the Internet using remotely controlled guns | question: What was the principle was this type of hunting said to violate?, answer: fair chase | question: Who spoke on this violation?, answer: National Rifle Association (NRA)
When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises. As nearby Bridgeport built new sports facilities, the brutalist New Haven Coliseum rapidly deteriorated. Believing the upkeep on the venue to be a drain of tax dollars, the DeStefano administration closed the Coliseum in 2002; it was demolished in 2007. New Haven's last professional sports team, the New Haven County Cutters, left in 2009. The DeStefano administration did, however, see the construction of the New Haven Athletic Center in 1998, a 94,000-square-foot (8,700 m2) indoor athletic facility with a seating capacity of over 3,000. The NHAC, built adjacent to Hillhouse High School, is used for New Haven public schools athletics, as well as large-scale area and state sporting events; it is the largest high school indoor sports complex in the state.

question: What 1995 mayor of New Haven sought to reinvent the area into a northeastern hub of art and culture?, answer: John DeStefano, Jr. | question: What sports complex was shuttered in New Haven by the DeStefano administration in 2002?, answer: New Haven Coliseum | question: What was New Haven's last professional sports team?, answer: New Haven County Cutters | question: What indoor sporting complex in New Haven was constructed by the DeStefano administration in 1998?, answer: New Haven Athletic Center | question: What is the approximate seating capacity of the New Haven Athletic Center?, answer: over 3,000 | question: Who was the mayor for the city in the late 90s?, answer: John DeStefano, Jr | question: Due to the heavy upkeep, DeStefano decided to close what major infrastructure in the city?, answer: New Haven Coliseum | question: When was the last time New Haven had a professional sport team?, answer: 2009 | question: In terms of capacity how big was the new constructed New Haven Athletic Center?, answer: over 3,000
When John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, titles and appointments, and attempted to ensure that he would not face a revolt while away from his empire. John was made Count of Mortain, was married to the wealthy Isabel of Gloucester, and was given valuable lands in Lancaster and the counties of Cornwall, Derby, Devon, Dorset, Nottingham and Somerset, all with the aim of buying his loyalty to Richard whilst the king was on crusade. Richard retained royal control of key castles in these counties, thereby preventing John from accumulating too much military and political power, and, for the time being, the king named the four-year-old Arthur of Brittany as the heir to the throne. In return, John promised not to visit England for the next three years, thereby in theory giving Richard adequate time to conduct a successful crusade and return from the Levant without fear of John seizing power. Richard left political authority in England – the post of justiciar – jointly in the hands of Bishop Hugh de Puiset and William Mandeville, and made William Longchamp, the Bishop of Ely, his chancellor. Mandeville immediately died, and Longchamp took over as joint justiciar with Puiset, which would prove to be a less than satisfactory partnership. Eleanor, the queen mother, convinced Richard to allow John into England in his absence.

question: Who took over as joint justiciar with Puiset after Mandeville died?, answer: Longchamp | question: Who convinced Richard to allow John to join into England?, answer: Eleanor | question: When did Richard become king?, answer: September 1189
When Nike took over from Adidas as Arsenal's kit provider in 1994, Arsenal's away colours were again changed to two-tone blue shirts and shorts. Since the advent of the lucrative replica kit market, the away kits have been changed regularly, with Arsenal usually releasing both away and third choice kits. During this period the designs have been either all blue designs, or variations on the traditional yellow and blue, such as the metallic gold and navy strip used in the 2001–02 season, the yellow and dark grey used from 2005 to 2007, and the yellow and maroon of 2010 to 2013. As of 2009, the away kit is changed every season, and the outgoing away kit becomes the third-choice kit if a new home kit is being introduced in the same year.

question: What manufacturer became Arsenal's uniform provider in 1994?, answer: Nike | question: Which brand was the kit provider prior to 1994?, answer: Adidas | question: To appeal to what are the kits changed regularly?, answer: replica kit market | question: What traditional Arsenal colors have frequently been employed for away kits?, answer: yellow and blue | question: Since what year has the away kit been changed every year?, answer: 2009
When Nintendo released the NES in the US, the design styling was deliberately different from that of other game consoles. Nintendo wanted to distinguish its product from those of competitors and to avoid the generally poor reputation that game consoles had acquired following the video game crash of 1983. One result of this philosophy was to disguise the cartridge slot design as a front-loading zero insertion force (ZIF) cartridge socket, designed to resemble the front-loading mechanism of a VCR. The newly designed connector worked quite well when both the connector and the cartridges were clean and the pins on the connector were new. Unfortunately, the ZIF connector was not truly zero insertion force. When a user inserted the cartridge into the NES, the force of pressing the cartridge down and into place bent the contact pins slightly, as well as pressing the cartridge’s ROM board back into the cartridge itself. Frequent insertion and removal of cartridges caused the pins to wear out from repeated usage over the years and the ZIF design proved more prone to interference by dirt and dust than an industry-standard card edge connector. These design issues were not alleviated by Nintendo’s choice of materials; the console slot nickel connector springs would wear due to design and the game cartridge copper connectors were also prone to tarnishing. Many players would try to alleviate issues in the game caused by this corrosion by blowing into the cartridges, then reinserting them, which actually hurt the copper connectors by speeding up the tarnishing.

question: What does ZIF stand for?, answer: zero insertion force | question: The ZIF insertion used by Nintendo was set to emulate what device?, answer: VCR | question: The force of pushing in the cartridge did what to the device over eventual use?, answer: bent the contact pins slightly | question: What material were the connector springs made of?, answer: nickel | question: What material comprised the game cartridge connectors?, answer: copper
When Pasternak stopped producing Durbin's pictures, and she outgrew her screen persona and pursued more dramatic roles, the studio signed 13-year-old Gloria Jean for her own series of Pasternak musicals from 1939; she went on to star with Bing Crosby, W. C. Fields, and Donald O'Connor. A popular Universal film of the late 1930s was Destry Rides Again (1939), starring James Stewart as Destry and Marlene Dietrich in her comeback role after leaving Paramount Studios.

question: How old was Gloria Jean in 1939?, answer: 13 | question: Along with Donald O'Connor and Bing Crosby, with whom did Gloria Jean star?, answer: Bing Crosby | question: Who played Destry in Destry Rides Again?, answer: James Stewart | question: Prior to working at Universal, what studio employed Marlene Dietrich?, answer: Paramount Studios | question: In what year was Destry Rides again produced?, answer: 1939
When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity about the world. Their mother thought that women did not have the cranial capacity to comprehend such things. Despite their mother's disapproval of Joan's desire to study astronomy, Richard encouraged his sister to explore the universe. Joan eventually became an astrophysicist specializing in interactions between the Earth and the solar wind.

question: What happened to Feyman's younger brother?, answer: died at four weeks of age | question: What is Feynman's sister's name?, answer: Joan | question: What science displicine did Feyman encourage his sister to study?, answer: astronomy | question: Who was the one that pushed Joan to explore the universe?, answer: Richard | question: What career did Joan hold?, answer: astrophysicist