lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
The campaigns of French Emperor and General Napoleon Bonaparte characterized the Napoleonic Era. Born on Corsica as the French invaded, and dying suspiciously on the tiny British Island of St. Helena, this brilliant commander, controlled a French Empire that, at its height, ruled a large portion of Europe directly from Paris, while many of his friends and family ruled countries such as Spain, Poland, several parts of Italy and many other Kingdoms Republics and dependencies. The Napoleonic Era changed the face of Europe forever, and old Empires and Kingdoms fell apart as a result of the mighty and "Glorious" surge of Republicanism.

question: What characterized the Napoleonic Era?, answer: The campaigns of French Emperor and General Napoleon Bonaparte | question: Where was Napoleon Bonaparte born?, answer: Corsica | question: Where was Napoleon Bonaparte die?, answer: St. Helena | question: Why were Europe's Empires and Kingdoms dispatched?, answer: surge of Republicanism | question: From where did the French empire rule a large portion of Europe?, answer: Paris
The campus also houses several performing arts facilities. The de Jong Concert Hall seats 1282 people and is named for Gerrit de Jong Jr. The Pardoe Theatre is named for T. Earl and Kathryn Pardoe. Students use its stage in a variety of theatre experiments, as well as for Pardoe Series performances. It seats 500 people, and has quite a large stage with a proscenium opening of 19 by 55 feet (17 m). The Margetts Theatre was named for Philip N. Margetts, a prominent Utah theatre figure. A smaller, black box theater, it allows a variety of seating and staging formats. It seats 125, and measures 30 by 50 feet (15 m). The Nelke Theatre, named for one of BYU's first drama teachers, is used largely for instruction in experimental theater. It seats 280.

question: How many people does the de Jong Concert Hall seat?, answer: 1282 | question: What building is named after Earl and Kathryn Pardoe?, answer: The Pardoe Theatre | question: What building was named after prominent Utah theater figure Philip N. Margetts?, answer: The Margetts Theatre | question: Who was the Nelke Theatre named for?, answer: one of BYU's first drama teachers | question: What type of theater is Nelke Theatre primarily used for?, answer: experimental
The campus is home to several museums containing exhibits from many different fields of study. BYU's Museum of Art, for example, is one of the largest and most attended art museums in the Mountain West. This Museum aids in academic pursuits of students at BYU via research and study of the artworks in its collection. The Museum is also open to the general public and provides educational programming. The Museum of Peoples and Cultures is a museum of archaeology and ethnology. It focuses on native cultures and artifacts of the Great Basin, American Southwest, Mesoamerica, Peru, and Polynesia. Home to more than 40,000 artifacts and 50,000 photographs, it documents BYU's archaeological research. The BYU Museum of Paleontology was built in 1976 to display the many fossils found by BYU's Dr. James A. Jensen. It holds many artifacts from the Jurassic Period (210-140 million years ago), and is one of the top five collections in the world of fossils from that time period. It has been featured in magazines, newspapers, and on television internationally. The museum receives about 25,000 visitors every year. The Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum was formed in 1978. It features several forms of plant and animal life on display and available for research by students and scholars.

question: How many photographs are in BYU's Museum of Peoples and Cultures?, answer: 50,000 | question: How many visitors does BYU Museum of Paleontology receive each year?, answer: about 25,000 | question: From which period does BYU Museum of Paleontology hold many artifacts from?, answer: Jurassic Period (210-140 million years ago) | question: Who found many of the fossils displayed in BYU's Museum of Paleontology?, answer: BYU's Dr. James A. Jensen | question: Which BYU building is one of the most attended art museus in the Mountain West?, answer: Museum of Art
The canal is 193.30 km (120.11 mi) long, 24 m (79 ft) deep and 205 metres (673 ft) wide as of 2010. It consists of the northern access channel of 22 km (14 mi), the canal itself of 162.25 km (100.82 mi) and the southern access channel of 9 km (5.6 mi). The canal is a single lane with passing places in the "Ballah By-Pass" and the Great Bitter Lake. It contains no locks; seawater flows freely through the canal. In general, the canal north of the Bitter Lakes flows north in winter and south in summer. The current south of the lakes changes with the tide at Suez.

question: How long is Suez canal?, answer: 193.30 km (120.11 mi) | question: How deep is Suez canal?, answer: 24 m (79 ft) | question: How wide is Suez canal?, answer: 205 metres (673 ft) | question: How many locks are contained in Suez Canal?, answer: no locks | question: What direction does the canal north of Bitter lakes flow?, answer: north in winter and south in summer
The canon law of the Eastern Catholic Churches, which had developed some different disciplines and practices, underwent its own process of codification, resulting in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches promulgated in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.

question: In what ways did the Eastern Catholic Churches's legal systems vary from those of the west?, answer: different disciplines and practices | question: What led to the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches?, answer: process of codification | question: When was the law of the Eastern Catholic Churches promoted?, answer: 1990 | question: Who sponsored the promulgation of Eastern Catholic Church laws?, answer: Pope John Paul II | question: What was the name of the formal version of laws ruling the Eastern Catholic Churches?, answer: the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
The cantons have a permanent constitutional status and, in comparison with the situation in other countries, a high degree of independence. Under the Federal Constitution, all 26 cantons are equal in status. Each canton has its own constitution, and its own parliament, government and courts. However, there are considerable differences between the individual cantons, most particularly in terms of population and geographical area. Their populations vary between 15,000 (Appenzell Innerrhoden) and 1,253,500 (Zürich), and their area between 37 km2 (14 sq mi) (Basel-Stadt) and 7,105 km2 (2,743 sq mi) (Graubünden). The Cantons comprise a total of 2,485 municipalities. Within Switzerland there are two enclaves: Büsingen belongs to Germany, Campione d'Italia belongs to Italy.

question: According to the Federal Constitution, how many cantons are equal in status?, answer: all 26 | question: What are the two major differences between cantons?, answer: population and geographical area | question: What is the population of the largest canton?, answer: 1,253,500 (Zürich) | question: What is the population of the smallest canton?, answer: 15,000 (Appenzell Innerrhoden) | question: How large is the smallest canton?, answer: 37 km2 (14 sq mi) (Basel-Stadt)
The capacitance of certain capacitors decreases as the component ages. In ceramic capacitors, this is caused by degradation of the dielectric. The type of dielectric, ambient operating and storage temperatures are the most significant aging factors, while the operating voltage has a smaller effect. The aging process may be reversed by heating the component above the Curie point. Aging is fastest near the beginning of life of the component, and the device stabilizes over time. Electrolytic capacitors age as the electrolyte evaporates. In contrast with ceramic capacitors, this occurs towards the end of life of the component.

question: What value of some capacitors decreases with age?, answer: The capacitance | question: What causes the decrease of capacitance in ceramic capacitors as they age?, answer: degradation of the dielectric | question: What is one of the most important aging factors in capacitors?, answer: The type of dielectric | question: What is another important factor which governs how a capacitor ages?, answer: ambient operating and storage temperatures | question: At what point can the aging effect of a capacitor be reversed if the component is heated beyond?, answer: the Curie point
The capital and largest city is Lahore which was the historical capital of the wider Punjab region. Other important cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Sargodha, Multan, Sialkot, Bahawalpur, Gujrat, Sheikhupura, Jhelum and Sahiwal. Undivided Punjab is home to six rivers, of which five flow through Pakistani Punjab. From west to east, these are: the Indus, Jhelum, Beas, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej. Nearly 60% of Pakistan's population lives in the Punjab. It is the nation's only province that touches every other province; it also surrounds the federal enclave of the national capital city at Islamabad. In the acronym P-A-K-I-S-T-A-N, the P is for Punjab.

question: Which province in Pakistan borders the other 3 provinces?, answer: Punjab | question: What is Pakistan's capital?, answer: Islamabad | question: How many rivers are in Punjab, Pakistan?, answer: five | question: What is the easternmost river in Punjab?, answer: Sutlej | question: How much of Pakistan's population lives in Punjab?, answer: Nearly 60%
The capital city of Windhoek plays a very important role in Namibia's tourism due to its central location and close proximity to Hosea Kutako International Airport. According to The Namibia Tourism Exit Survey, which was produced by the Millennium Challenge Corporation for the Namibian Directorate of Tourism, 56% of all tourists visiting Namibia during the time period, 2012 - 2013, visited Windhoek. Many of Namibia's tourism related parastatals and governing bodies such as Namibia Wildlife Resorts, Air Namibia and the Namibia Tourism Board as well as Namibia's tourism related trade associations such as the Hospitality Association of Namibia are also all headquartered in Windhoek. There are also a number of notable hotels in Windhoek such as Windhoek Country Club Resort and some international hotel chains also operate in Windhoek, such as Avani Hotels and Resorts and Hilton Hotels and Resorts.

question: What is the capital of Namibia?, answer: Windhoek | question: What is the airport in Namibia?, answer: Hosea Kutako International Airport | question: What is the most popular hotel in Windhoek?, answer: Windhoek Country Club Resort | question: Avani Hotels and resorts is a chain resort in Windhoek, what is another?, answer: Hilton Hotels and Resorts
The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.

question: What is the capital city of the US?, answer: Washington, District of Columbia | question: Which US state donated Washington, D.C.?, answer: Maryland | question: What are the US territories overseas located in the Pacific?, answer: Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands | question: Which US state also donated territory to Washington, D.C., but had it returned?, answer: Virginia
The capital is Nashville, though Knoxville, Kingston, and Murfreesboro have all served as state capitals in the past. Memphis has the largest population of any city in the state. Nashville's 13-county metropolitan area has been the state's largest since c. 1990. Chattanooga and Knoxville, both in the eastern part of the state near the Great Smoky Mountains, each has approximately one-third of the population of Memphis or Nashville. The city of Clarksville is a fifth significant population center, some 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Nashville. Murfreesboro is the sixth-largest city in Tennessee, consisting of some 108,755 residents.

question: Which cities other than Knoxville have been the capital of Tennessee?, answer: Knoxville, Kingston, and Murfreesboro | question: How many counties are part of Nashville's metropolitan area?, answer: 13 | question: What distance in miles is Clarksville, TN from Nashville?, answer: 45 | question: Which city is Tennessee's sixth largest by population?, answer: Murfreesboro | question: Which two of the six most populous Tennessee cities are nearest the Great Smoky Mountains?, answer: Chattanooga and Knoxville
The capital of Danish Estonia (Danish: Hertugdømmet Estland) was Reval (Tallinn), founded at the place of Lyndanisse after the invasion of 1219. The Danes built the fortress of Castrum Danorum at Toompea Hill. Estonians still call their capital "Tallinn", which according to legend derives from Taani linna (meaning Danish town or castle). Reval was granted Lübeck city rights (1248) and joined the Hanseatic League. Even today, Danish influence can be seen in heraldic symbols. The Danish cross is on the city of Tallinn's coat of arms, and Estonia's coat of arms displays three lions similar to those found on the Danish coat of arms.

question: What was the capital of Danish Estonia?, answer: Reval | question: What event preceded the founding of the capital?, answer: the invasion of 1219 | question: What structure was built at Toompea Hill?, answer: the fortress of Castrum Danorum | question: What year was Reval granted with Lübeck city rights?, answer: 1248
The capital village of each district administers and coordinates the affairs of the district and confers each district's paramount title, amongst other responsibilities. For example, the District of A'ana has its capital at Leulumoega. The paramount title of A'ana is the TuiA'ana. The orator group which confers this title – the Faleiva (House of Nine) – is based at Leulumoega. This is also the same for the other districts. In the district of Tuamasaga, the paramount title of the district – the Malietoa title – is conferred by the FaleTuamasaga based in Afega.

question: What district is Leulumoega the capital of?, answer: A'ana | question: What is the Samoan word for the "House of Nine" in Leulumoega?, answer: Faleiva | question: What is A'ana's paramount title?, answer: the TuiA'ana | question: What's the paramount title of the Tuamasaga district?, answer: Malietoa | question: In what town does the FaleTuamasaga conduct business?, answer: Afega
The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, particularly Kaunitz, used this situation to their utmost advantage. The now-isolated France was forced to accede to the Austro-Russian alliance or face ruin. Thereafter, on May 1, 1756, the First Treaty of Versailles was signed, in which both nations pledged 24.000 troops to defend each other in the case of an attack. This diplomatic revolution proved to be an important cause of the war; although both treaties were self-defensive in nature, the actions of both coalitions made the war virtually inevitable.

question: What was the response of Empress Elizabeth of Russia to the English-Prussian agreement?, answer: Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged | question: Why was France mad at the British-Prussian agreement?, answer: France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, | question: France was now in a desperate position, what did they do?, answer: France was forced to accede to the Austro-Russian alliance | question: Who were the parties to the treaty of Versailles?, answer: Austria, particularly Kaunitz, used this situation to their utmost advantage. The now-isolated France | question: How many troops did Austria and France pledge to defend each other?, answer: 24.000 troops
The caricature of the period is also reflected in some more specific notions. One misconception, first propagated in the 19th century and still very common, is that all people in the Middle Ages believed that the Earth was flat. This is untrue, as lecturers in the medieval universities commonly argued that evidence showed the Earth was a sphere. Lindberg and Ronald Numbers, another scholar of the period, state that there "was scarcely a Christian scholar of the Middle Ages who did not acknowledge [Earth's] sphericity and even know its approximate circumference". Other misconceptions such as "the Church prohibited autopsies and dissections during the Middle Ages", "the rise of Christianity killed off ancient science", or "the medieval Christian church suppressed the growth of natural philosophy", are all cited by Numbers as examples of widely popular myths that still pass as historical truth, although they are not supported by current historical research.

question: During what century was it first proposed that people in the Middle Ages thought the Earth was flat?, answer: 19th | question: Along with autopsies, what is it erroneously believed that the medieval Church forbade?, answer: dissections | question: According to a misconception, what did the rise of Christianity destroy?, answer: ancient science | question: According to another misconception, what field of study was the medieval Church opposed to?, answer: natural philosophy | question: Along with Lindberg, who is a notable scholar of the Middle Ages?, answer: Ronald Numbers
The cartridge media of the console is officially referred to as Game Pak in most Western regions, and as Cassette (カセット, Kasetto?) in Japan and parts of Latin America. While the SNES can address 128 Mbit,[f] only 117.75 Mbit are actually available for cartridge use. A fairly normal mapping could easily address up to 95 Mbit of ROM data (48 Mbit at FastROM speed) with 8 Mbit of battery-backed RAM. However, most available memory access controllers only support mappings of up to 32 Mbit. The largest games released (Tales of Phantasia and Star Ocean) contain 48 Mbit of ROM data, while the smallest games contain only 2 Mbit.

question: What are SNES game cartridges officially called in the US?, answer: Game Pak | question: What are SNES game cartridges officially called in Japan?, answer: Cassette | question: How much data space can an SNES cartridge use?, answer: 117.75 Mbit | question: What were the largest SNES games?, answer: Tales of Phantasia and Star Ocean | question: How much data do the smallest SNES games use?, answer: 2 Mbit
The casualties were horrible, especially for the attacking Prussian forces. A grand total of 20,163 German troops were killed, wounded or missing in action during the August 18 battle. The French losses were 7,855 killed and wounded along with 4,420 prisoners of war (half of them were wounded) for a total of 12,275. While most of the Prussians fell under the French Chassepot rifles, most French fell under the Prussian Krupp shells. In a breakdown of the casualties, Frossard's II Corps of the Army of the Rhine suffered 621 casualties while inflicting 4,300 casualties on the Prussian First Army under Steinmetz before the Pointe du Jour. The Prussian Guards Infantry Divisions losses were even more staggering with 8,000 casualties out of 18,000 men. The Special Guards Jäger lost 19 officers, a surgeon and 431 men out of a total of 700. The 2nd Guards Infantry Brigade lost 39 officers and 1,076 men. The 3rd Guards Infantry Brigade lost 36 officers and 1,060 men. On the French side, the units holding St. Privat lost more than half their number in the village.

question: Who were the casualties especially terrible for?, answer: the attacking Prussian forces | question: What was the grand total of German casualties and those missing in action?, answer: 20,163 | question: What were the number of French killed and wounded?, answer: 7,855 | question: What was the number of French prisoners?, answer: 4,420 | question: What did most Prussians fall under?, answer: French Chassepot rifles
The category of Native American applies to the diverse group of people who lived in North America before European settlement. During the U.S. government's westward expansion, Native Americans were displaced from their land which had been their home for centuries. Instead, they were forced onto reservations which were far smaller and less productive. According to Brest, land belonging to Native Americans was reduced from 138 million acres in 1887 to 52 million acres in 1934. In 1990, the poverty rate for Native Americans was more than triple that of the whites and only 9.4% of Native Americans have completed a bachelor's degree as opposed to 25.2% of whites and 12.2% of African Americans.

question: Which groups can be categorized as Native Americans?, answer: people who lived in North America before European settlement | question: When did the Native Americans lose their land?, answer: During the U.S. government's westward expansion | question: Where were Native Americans forced to live after they lost their land?, answer: reservations | question: How much land did the Native Americans own in 1934?, answer: 52 million acres | question: In relation to whites, what was the poverty rate for Native Americans in 1990?, answer: more than triple
The cathedral has a heliometer (solar "observatory") of 1690, one of a number built in Italy in the 17th and 18th centuries. The device itself is quite simple: a tiny hole in one of the minor domes acts as pinhole camera, projecting an image of the sun onto the floor at solar noon (12:00 in winter, 13:00 in summer). There is a bronze line, la Meridiana on the floor, running precisely N/S. The ends of the line mark the positions as at the summer and winter solstices; signs of the zodiac show the various other dates throughout the year.

question: What is a heliometer?, answer: solar "observatory" | question: What name is given to the bronze line on the floor of a heliometer?, answer: la Meridiana | question: Which direction does la Meridiana run?, answer: precisely N/S | question: What image is projected on the floor of the heliometer?, answer: the sun
The causes of World War I included many factors, including the conflicts and antagonisms of the four decades leading up to the war. The Triple Entente was the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. The alignment of the three powers, supplemented by various agreements with Japan, the United States, and Spain, constituted a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, the third having concluded an additional secret agreement with France effectively nullifying her Alliance commitments. Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism played major roles in the conflict. The immediate origins of the war lay in the decisions taken by statesmen and generals during the July Crisis of 1914, the spark (or casus belli) for which was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

question: What is The Triple Entente?, answer: the name given to the loose alignment between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. | question: When was the Anglo -Russia Entente signed?, answer: 1907. | question: What was the origin of the war?, answer: the decisions taken by statesmen and generals during the July Crisis of 1914 | question: Who was murdered in Austria?, answer: Archduke Franz Ferdinand | question: The Triple Entente served as a counter to what agreement?, answer: Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy,