lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc, has been used since at least the 10th century BC in Judea and by the 7th century BC in Ancient Greece. Zinc metal was not produced on a large scale until the 12th century in India and was unknown to Europe until the end of the 16th century. The mines of Rajasthan have given definite evidence of zinc production going back to the 6th century BC. To date, the oldest evidence of pure zinc comes from Zawar, in Rajasthan, as early as the 9th century AD when a distillation process was employed to make pure zinc. Alchemists burned zinc in air to form what they called "philosopher's wool" or "white snow".

question: What two metals are mixed to create Brass?, answer: copper and zinc | question: When was brass first used?, answer: 10th | question: Where was zinc first produced on a large scale?, answer: India | question: When was zinc introduced to Europe?, answer: end of the 16th century | question: Where is the oldest evidence of pure zinc?, answer: Zawar | question: Brass is an alloy of what two elements?, answer: copper and zinc | question: The earliest uses of brass has been attributed to what ancient location?, answer: Judea | question: We have evidence of zinc production dating back to the 6th century thanks to what mine?, answer: Rajasthan | question: What early process was used to make zinc?, answer: distillation process | question: What were the names given to zinc by early alchemists?, answer: "philosopher's wool" or "white snow"
Brasília (Portuguese pronunciation: [bɾaˈziljɐ]) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located atop the Brazilian highlands in the country's center-western region. It was founded on April 21, 1960, to serve as the new national capital. Brasília and its metro (encompassing the whole of the Federal District) had a population of 2,556,149 in 2011, making it the 4th most populous city in Brazil. Among major Latin American cities, Brasília has the highest GDP per capita at R$61,915 (US$36,175).

question: What is Brazil's capital?, answer: Brasília | question: What region of Brazil is Brasilia in?, answer: center-western | question: What is Brasilia's GDP per capita in US dollars?, answer: US$36,175 | question: When was Brasilia founded?, answer: April 21, 1960 | question: What is the population of Brasilia's metro area?, answer: 2,556,149
Brasília has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) according to the Köppen system, with two distinct seasons: the rainy season, from October to April, and a dry season, from May to September. The average temperature is 20.6 °C (69.1 °F). September, at the end of the dry season, has the highest average maximum temperature, 28.3 °C (82.9 °F), has major and minor lower maximum average temperature, of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) and 12.9 °C (55.2 °F), respectively. Average temperatures from September through March are a consistent 22 °C (72 °F). With 247.4 mm (9.7 in), January is the month with the highest rainfall of the year, while June is the lowest, with only 8.7 mm (0.3 in).

question: What climate type does Brasilia have?, answer: tropical savanna climate (Aw) | question: When is Brasilia's rainy season?, answer: October to April | question: When is Brasilia's dry season?, answer: May to September | question: What is the average maximum temperature in Brasilia in September?, answer: 28.3 °C (82.9 °F) | question: Which month does Brasilia have the highest rainfall?, answer: January
Brasília has also been the focus of modern-day literature. Published in 2008, The World In Grey: Dom Bosco's Prophecy, by author Ryan J. Lucero, tells an apocalypticle story based on the famous prophecy from the late 19th century by the Italian saint Don Bosco. According to Don Bosco's prophecy: "Between parallels 15 and 20, around a lake which shall be formed; A great civilization will thrive, and that will be the Promised Land." Brasília lies between the parallels 15° S and 20° S, where an artificial lake (Paranoá Lake) was formed. Don Bosco is Brasília's patron saint.

question: When was 'The World In Grey' published?, answer: 2008 | question: Who wrote 'The World In Grey'?, answer: Ryan J. Lucero | question: Whose prophecy is 'The World In Grey' based on?, answer: Don Bosco | question: Who is Brasilia's patron saint?, answer: Don Bosco | question: What lake did Don Bosco predict?, answer: Paranoá Lake
Brasília is known as a departing point for the practice of unpowered air sports, sports that may be practiced with hang gliding or paragliding wings. Practitioners of such sports reveal that, because of the city's dry weather, the city offers strong thermal winds and great "cloud-streets", which is also the name for a manoeuvre quite appreciated by practitioners. In 2003, Brasília hosted the 14th Hang Gliding World Championship, one of the categories of free flying. In August 2005, the city hosted the 2nd stage of the Brazilian Hang Gliding Championship.

question: What type of sports are popular in Brasilia?, answer: unpowered air sports | question: What air sports event did Brasilia host in 2003?, answer: the 14th Hang Gliding World Championship | question: What air sports event did Brasilia host in 2005?, answer: the 2nd stage of the Brazilian Hang Gliding Championship | question: Why is Brasilia a good place for air sports?, answer: strong thermal winds and great "cloud-streets"
Brazil's Atlantic Forest is considered one such hotspot, containing roughly 20,000 plant species, 1,350 vertebrates, and millions of insects, about half of which occur nowhere else.[citation needed] The island of Madagascar and India are also particularly notable. Colombia is characterized by high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide and it has the largest number of endemics (species that are not found naturally anywhere else) of any country. About 10% of the species of the Earth can be found in Colombia, including over 1,900 species of bird, more than in Europe and North America combined, Colombia has 10% of the world’s mammals species, 14% of the amphibian species, and 18% of the bird species of the world. Madagascar dry deciduous forests and lowland rainforests possess a high ratio of endemism.[citation needed] Since the island separated from mainland Africa 66 million years ago, many species and ecosystems have evolved independently.[citation needed] Indonesia's 17,000 islands cover 735,355 square miles (1,904,560 km2) and contain 10% of the world's flowering plants, 12% of mammals, and 17% of reptiles, amphibians and birds—along with nearly 240 million people. Many regions of high biodiversity and/or endemism arise from specialized habitats which require unusual adaptations, for example, alpine environments in high mountains, or Northern European peat bogs.[citation needed]

question: How many plant species does Brazil's Atlantic Forest contain?, answer: 20,000 plant species | question: How many vertebrates does Brazil's Atlantic Forest contain?, answer: 1,350 vertebrates | question: Which country has the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide?, answer: Colombia | question: Which country has about 10% of the species on Earth?, answer: Colombia | question: What island separated from mainland Africa 66 million years ago?, answer: Madagascar
Brazilian census data (PNAD, 1999) indicate that 2.55 million 10-14 year-olds were illegally holding jobs. They were joined by 3.7 million 15-17 year-olds and about 375,000 5-9 year-olds. Due to the raised age restriction of 14, at least half of the recorded young workers had been employed illegally which lead to many not being protect by important labour laws. Although substantial time has passed since the time of regulated child labour, there is still a large number of children working illegally in Brazil. Many children are used by drug cartels to sell and carry drugs, guns, and other illegal substances because of their perception of innocence. This type of work that youth are taking part in is very dangerous due to the physical and psychological implications that come with these jobs. Yet despite the hazards that come with working with drug dealers, there has been an increase in this area of employment throughout the country.

question: In 1999 how many children were working illegally in Brazil?, answer: 2.55 million | question: What do drug cartels do with child workers?, answer: sell and carry drugs, guns, and other illegal substances | question: What are the risks of child labour in drug cartels?, answer: physical and psychological implications | question: Has these dangers caused and increase or decrease in child labour with drug cartels?, answer: an increase
Breakage was very common in the shellac era. In the 1934 John O'Hara novel, Appointment in Samarra, the protagonist "broke one of his most favorites, Whiteman's Lady of the Evening ... He wanted to cry but could not." A poignant moment in J. D. Salinger's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye occurs after the adolescent protagonist buys a record for his younger sister but drops it and "it broke into pieces ... I damn-near cried, it made me feel so terrible." A sequence where a school teacher's collection of 78 rpm jazz records is smashed by a group of rebellious students is a key moment in the film Blackboard Jungle.

question: What was a known issue of using shellac to make records?, answer: Breakage was very common | question: In which novel does 'Whiteman's Lady of the Evening" record get broken?, answer: John O'Hara novel, Appointment in Samarra | question: In Blackboard Jungle what record breaking mention is made?, answer: teacher's collection of 78 rpm jazz records is smashed
Breakthrough pain is transitory acute pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's normal pain management. It is common in cancer patients who often have background pain that is generally well-controlled by medications, but who also sometimes experience bouts of severe pain that from time to time "breaks through" the medication. The characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain vary from person to person and according to the cause. Management of breakthrough pain can entail intensive use of opioids, including fentanyl.

question: What is the term for pain which is acute and note alleviated by normal pain management?, answer: Breakthrough | question: How do cancer patients usually control their background pain?, answer: medications | question: Who is breakthrough pain common among?, answer: cancer patients | question: What class of medication is fentanyl an example of?, answer: opioids | question: What activity in relation to breakthrough pain requires heavy use of opiods?, answer: Management
Breathing is largely driven by the muscular diaphragm, which divides the thorax from the abdominal cavity, forming a dome with its convexity towards the thorax. Contraction of the diaphragm flattens the dome, increasing the volume of the cavity in which the lung is enclosed. Air enters through the oral and nasal cavities; it flows through the larynx, trachea and bronchi and expands the alveoli. Relaxation of the diaphragm has the opposite effect, passively recoiling during normal breathing. During exercise, the abdominal wall contracts, increasing visceral pressure on the diaphragm, thus forcing the air out more quickly and forcefully. The rib cage itself also is able to expand and contract the thoracic cavity to some degree, through the action of other respiratory and accessory respiratory muscles. As a result, air is sucked into or expelled out of the lungs, always moving down its pressure gradient. This type of lung is known as a bellows lung as it resembles a blacksmith's bellows. Mammals take oxygen into their lungs, and discard carbon dioxide.

question: When air enters both the oral and nasal cavities, where does it flow through?, answer: larynx, trachea and bronchi | question: Increasing pressure on the diaphragm thus increasing air output more frequently is usually caused by?, answer: exercise | question: A result of air being sucked into or blown out of the lung thats moving its pressure gradient is referred to?, answer: bellows lung | question: Where did the term Bellows Lung come from?, answer: blacksmith's bellows
Breeding usually involves some form of courtship display, typically performed by the male. Most displays are rather simple and involve some type of song. Some displays, however, are quite elaborate. Depending on the species, these may include wing or tail drumming, dancing, aerial flights, or communal lekking. Females are generally the ones that drive partner selection, although in the polyandrous phalaropes, this is reversed: plainer males choose brightly coloured females. Courtship feeding, billing and allopreening are commonly performed between partners, generally after the birds have paired and mated.

question: Which gender typically performs some form of courtship display?, answer: male | question: Most courtship displays involve some type of what?, answer: song | question: Which gender generally drive partner selection?:, answer: Females | question: Generally, when is courtship feeding and billing performed between partners?, answer: after the birds have paired and mated
Brian May and Roger Taylor performed together at several award ceremonies and charity concerts, sharing vocals with various guest singers. During this time, they were billed as Queen + followed by the guest singer's name. In 1998, the duo appeared at Luciano Pavarotti's benefit concert with May performing "Too Much Love Will Kill You" with Pavarotti, later playing "Radio Ga Ga", "We Will Rock You", and "We Are the Champions" with Zucchero. They again attended and performed at Pavarotti's benefit concert in Modena, Italy in May 2003. Several of the guest singers recorded new versions of Queen's hits under the Queen + name, such as Robbie Williams providing vocals for "We Are the Champions" for the soundtrack of A Knight's Tale (2001).

question: Which two members of Queen performed together at several charity concerts?, answer: Brian May and Roger Taylor | question: Who performed with Brian May in 1998 at a benefit concert?, answer: Pavarotti | question: Where did Queen play in 2003 with a famous opera singer?, answer: Modena, Italy | question: Which artist provided vocals for the Queen song found on the soundtrack to A Knight's Tale?, answer: Robbie Williams
Bridgwater was developed during the Industrial Revolution as the area's leading port. The River Parrett was navigable by large ships as far as Bridgwater. Cargoes were then loaded onto smaller boats at Langport Quay, next to the Bridgwater Bridge, to be carried further up river to Langport; or they could turn off at Burrowbridge and then travel via the River Tone to Taunton. The Parrett is now only navigable as far as Dunball Wharf. Bridgwater, in the 19th and 20th centuries, was a centre for the manufacture of bricks and clay roof tiles, and later cellophane, but those industries have now stopped. With its good links to the motorway system, Bridgwater has developed as a distribution hub for companies such as Argos, Toolstation, Morrisons and Gerber Juice. AgustaWestland manufactures helicopters in Yeovil, and Normalair Garratt, builder of aircraft oxygen systems, is also based in the town. Many towns have encouraged small-scale light industries, such as Crewkerne's Ariel Motor Company, one of the UK's smallest car manufacturers.

question: What is the leading port of somerset, answer: Bridgwater was developed during the Industrial Revolution as the area's leading port | question: what was manufacture in Bridgeport in the 19th and 20th century, answer: was a centre for the manufacture of bricks and clay roof tiles, and later cellophane, but those industries have now stopped | question: The good motor system presently allows for, answer: Bridgwater has developed as a distribution hub for companies such as Argos, Toolstation, Morrisons and Gerber Juice | question: where are aircraft manufactured, answer: AgustaWestland manufactures helicopters in Yeovil, and Normalair Garratt, builder of aircraft oxygen systems | question: What do many towns encourage, answer: Many towns have encouraged small-scale light industries, such as Crewkerne's Ariel Motor Company, one of the UK's smallest car manufacturers
Brigham Young University (often referred to as BYU or, colloquially, The Y) is a private research university located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and, excluding online students, is the largest of any religious university and the third largest private university in the United States, with 29,672 on-campus students. Approximately 99 percent of the students are members of the LDS Church, and one-third of its US students are from Utah.

question: How many students attend BYU on campus?, answer: 29,672 | question: How many of the students are also members of the Latter Day Saints Church?, answer: 99 percent | question: What portion of students are native Utah residents?, answer: one-third | question: Where is Brigham Young University?, answer: Provo, Utah | question: What is BYU's ranking among private universities?, answer: third | question: How many students currently attend BYU on-campus?, answer: 29,672 | question: Where is BYU's main campus?, answer: Provo, Utah | question: What is BYU's ranking among private universities?, answer: third | question: How many of BYU's students are native Utah residents?, answer: one-third | question: What percentage of BYU students are from Utah?, answer: one-third | question: What percentage of BYU students are members of the LDS Church?, answer: Approximately 99 percent | question: How is BYU's size ranked among all private university's in the U.S.?, answer: the third largest | question: What does LDS stand for?, answer: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | question: Who owns and operates Brigham University?, answer: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Brigham Young University is a part of the Church Educational System of LDS Church. It is organized under a Board of Trustees, with the President of the Church (currently Thomas S. Monson) as chairman. This board consists of the same people as the Church Board of Education, a pattern that has been in place since 1939. Prior to 1939, BYU had a separate board of trustees that was subordinate to the Church Board of Education. The President of BYU, currently Kevin J Worthen, reports to the Board, through the Commissioner of Education.

question: Which system is BYU part of?, answer: Church Educational System of LDS Church | question: Who acts as chairman of BYU?, answer: President of the Church (currently Thomas S. Monson) | question: What board do the members of the BYU Board of Trustees also belong to?, answer: Church Board of Education | question: When did BYU have a separate board of trustees?, answer: Prior to 1939 | question: How does the President of BYU report to the Board?, answer: through the Commissioner of Education
Brigham Young University's origin can be traced back to 1862 when a man named Warren Dusenberry started a Provo school in a prominent adobe building called Cluff Hall, which was located in the northeast corner of 200 East and 200 North. On October 16, 1875, Brigham Young, then president of the LDS Church, personally purchased the Lewis Building after previously hinting that a school would be built in Draper, Utah in 1867. Hence, October 16, 1875 is commonly held as BYU's founding date. Said Young about his vision: "I hope to see an Academy established in Provo... at which the children of the Latter-day Saints can receive a good education unmixed with the pernicious atheistic influences that are found in so many of the higher schools of the country."

question: When was the first property for what would become BYU acquired?, answer: October 16, 1875 | question: Who was responsible for acquiring BYU's first building?, answer: Brigham Young | question: Where was Brigham Young's school originally believed to be located?, answer: Draper, Utah | question: Who began the school that previously existed at the site where BYU is now located?, answer: Warren Dusenberry | question: What year can BYU's origin be traced to with a building called Cluff Hall?, answer: 1862 | question: Which president of the LDS church purchased the Lewis Building after hinting at the building of a school?, answer: Brigham Young | question: What type of influences did Brigham Young hope to avoid with BYU?, answer: atheistic | question: What is the commonly held founding year of BYU?, answer: 1867 | question: Who did Brigham Young hope to educate via BYU?, answer: children of the Latter-day Saints
Britain also sent troops to protect British business enterprise, harbour rights, and consulate office. This was followed by an eight-year civil war, during which each of the three powers supplied arms, training and in some cases combat troops to the warring Samoan parties. The Samoan crisis came to a critical juncture in March 1889 when all three colonial contenders sent warships into Apia harbour, and a larger-scale war seemed imminent. A massive storm on 15 March 1889 damaged or destroyed the warships, ending the military conflict.

question: What country sent their military to protect their interests in Samoa?, answer: Britain | question: For how many years did the civil war in Samoa last?, answer: eight | question: How many contenders were vying for power in the war?, answer: three | question: When did the crucial climax of the civil war occur?, answer: March 1889 | question: What natural disaster put an end to the war in Apia harbour?, answer: A massive storm
Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The British attempted to persuade the Dutch Republic to join the alliance, but the request was rejected, as the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year had been successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America.

question: How did Britain Protect Hanover?, answer: combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover | question: How did the British support Prussia?, answer: shipping supplies and ₤670,000 | question: Why did the Dutch reject Britain's offer to join the alliance?, answer: the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral | question: Who had done better, the Prussians in Europe or the Brits in North America?, answer: successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America. | question: Who led the force to defend Hanover?, answer: under the command of the Duke of Cumberland
Britain had successful tested a new HAA gun, 3.6-inch, in 1918. In 1928 3.7-inch became the preferred solution, but it took 6 years to gain funding. Production of the QF 3.7-inch (94 mm) began in 1937; this gun was used both on mobile carriages with the field army and transportable guns on fixed mountings for static positions. At the same time the Royal Navy adopted a new 4.5-inch (114 mm) gun in a twin turret, which the army adopted in simplified single-gun mountings for static positions, mostly around ports where naval ammunition was available. However, the performance of both 3.7 and 4.5-in guns was limited by their standard fuse No 199, with a 30-second running time, although a new mechanical time fuse giving 43 seconds was nearing readiness. In 1939 a Machine Fuse Setter was introduced to eliminate manual fuse setting.

question: When was the successful test of the 3.6-inch HAA gun?, answer: 1918 | question: When did the 3.7-inch HAA gun become preferred?, answer: 1928 | question: What gun did the Royal Navy start using?, answer: 4.5-inch (114 mm) gun in a twin turret | question: How long of a running time did the Number 199 fuse have?, answer: 30-second running time | question: What was introduced in 1939?, answer: Machine Fuse Setter