lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
The Grey Cup was established in 1909 after being donated by Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey, The Governor General of Canada as the championship of teams under the CRU for the Rugby Football Championship of Canada. Initially an amateur competition, it eventually became dominated by professional teams in the 1940s and early 1950s. The Ontario Rugby Football Union, the last amateur organization to compete for the trophy, withdrew from competition in 1954. The move ushered in the modern era of Canadian professional football.

question: Who donated a championship trophy for Canadian football teams in 1909?, answer: Albert Grey | question: When did professional teams begin to dominate the Canadian football championship?, answer: 1940s and early 1950s | question: Which trophy was awarded to a Canadian football champion beginning in 1909?, answer: Grey Cup | question: Which was the last amateur team to compete for the Canadian football championship?, answer: Ontario Rugby Football Union | question: What government position was held by the man who donated the Grey Cup to Canadian football?, answer: The Governor General of Canada
The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico. The "Grito" was the battle cry of the Mexican War of Independence by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Roman Catholic priest. Hidalgo and several criollos were involved in a planned revolt against the Spanish colonial government, and the plotters were betrayed. Fearing his arrest, Hidalgo commanded his brother Mauricio as well as Ignacio Allende and Mariano Abasolo to go with a number of other armed men to make the sheriff release the pro-independence inmates there on the night of September 15. They managed to set eighty free. Around 6:00 am September 16, 1810, Hidalgo ordered the church bells to be rung and gathered his congregation. Flanked by Allende and Juan Aldama, he addressed the people in front of his church, encouraging them to revolt. The Battle of Guanajuato, the first major engagement of the insurgency, occurred four days later. Mexico's independence from Spain was effectively declared in the Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire on September 27, 1821, after a decade of war. Unrest followed for the next several decades, as different factions fought for control of Mexico.

question: When did Mexico gain independence?, answer: September 27, 1821 | question: How long was the war?, answer: a decade | question: What was the first battle of the Mexican Independence war called?, answer: The Battle of Guanajuato | question: What was the battle cry of the war?, answer: Grito | question: When did the war begin?, answer: September 16, 1810
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Florida in 2010 was $748 billion. Its GDP is the fourth largest economy in the United States. In 2010, it became the fourth largest exporter of trade goods. The major contributors to the state's gross output in 2007 were general services, financial services, trade, transportation and public utilities, manufacturing and construction respectively. In 2010–11, the state budget was $70.5 billion, having reached a high of $73.8 billion in 2006–07. Chief Executive Magazine name Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011.

question: What was Florida's GDP in 2010, answer: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Florida in 2010 was $748 billion | question: Where does Florida's GDP rank, answer: Its GDP is the fourth largest economy in the United States | question: What are some major contributors to states output, answer: were general services, financial services, trade, transportation and public utilities, manufacturing and construction respectively | question: What was Florida named in 2011, answer: Chief Executive Magazine name Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011
The Guam Department of Education serves the entire island of Guam. In 2000, 32,000 students attended Guam's public schools. Guam Public Schools have struggled with problems such as high dropout rates and poor test scores. Guam's educational system has always faced unique challenges as a small community located 6,000 miles (9,700 km) from the U.S. mainland with a very diverse student body including many students who come from backgrounds without traditional American education. An economic downturn in Guam since the mid-1990s has compounded the problems in schools.

question: How many students as of 2000 were attending public schools in Guam?, answer: 32,000 | question: What has plagued Guam public schools?, answer: high dropout rates and poor test scores | question: What is the name of the governing body of the school in all of Guam?, answer: The Guam Department of Education
The Guangxu Emperor died on November 14, 1908, and on November 15, 1908, Cixi also died. Rumors held that she or Yuan Shikai ordered trusted eunuchs to poison the Guangxu Emperor, and an autopsy conducted nearly a century later confirmed lethal levels of arsenic in his corpse. Puyi, the oldest son of Zaifeng, Prince Chun, and nephew to the childless Guangxu Emperor, was appointed successor at the age of two, leaving Zaifeng with the regency. This was followed by the dismissal of General Yuan Shikai from his former positions of power. In April 1911 Zaifeng created a cabinet in which there were two vice-premiers. Nonetheless, this cabinet was also known by contemporaries as "The Royal Cabinet" because among the thirteen cabinet members, five were members of the imperial family or Aisin Gioro relatives. This brought a wide range of negative opinions from senior officials like Zhang Zhidong. The Wuchang Uprising of October 10, 1911, led to the creation of a new central government, the Republic of China, in Nanjing with Sun Yat-sen as its provisional head. Many provinces soon began "separating" from Qing control. Seeing a desperate situation unfold, the Qing government brought Yuan Shikai back to military power. He took control of his Beiyang Army to crush the revolution in Wuhan at the Battle of Yangxia. After taking the position of Prime Minister and creating his own cabinet, Yuan Shikai went as far as to ask for the removal of Zaifeng from the regency. This removal later proceeded with directions from Empress Dowager Longyu.

question: What year did Guangxu die?, answer: 1908 | question: What year did Cixi die?, answer: 1908 | question: Who ruled after Guangxu?, answer: Prince Chun | question: How old was Prince Chun?, answer: two | question: What year was the Republic of China created?, answer: 1911
The Guardian Council comprises twelve jurists including six appointed by the Supreme Leader. The others are elected by the Iranian Parliament from among the jurists nominated by the Head of the Judiciary. The Council interprets the constitution and may veto Parliament. If a law is deemed incompatible with the constitution or Sharia (Islamic law), it is referred back to Parliament for revision. The Expediency Council has the authority to mediate disputes between Parliament and the Guardian Council, and serves as an advisory body to the Supreme Leader, making it one of the most powerful governing bodies in the country. Local city councils are elected by public vote to four-year terms in all cities and villages of Iran.

question: How many jurists are in the Guardian Council?, answer: twelve jurists | question: Who can veto Parliament?, answer: The Guardian Council | question: What Council acts as a mediator when there are disputes between the Parliament and the Guardian Council?, answer: The Expediency Council | question: How long are the terms of local city councils that are present in all Iranian cities and villages?, answer: four-year terms | question: Who is responsible for interpreting the Constitution?, answer: The Guardian Council
The Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as a barrier for Arab invaders from the 8th to the 11th century. The chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west, starting in the days of Junaid. Historian R. C. Majumdar says that this was openly acknowledged by the Arab writers. He further notes that historians of India have wondered at the slow progress of Muslim invaders in India, as compared with their rapid advance in other parts of the world. Now there seems little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army that effectively barred the progress of the Arabs beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly 300 years.

question: What empire stopped Arab invasions?, answer: Gurjar Pratihar Empire | question: Arab attempted to invade the Gurjar Pratihar Empire beginning in what century?, answer: 8th | question: Arab conquest was limited to what region?, answer: Sindh | question: What was the most notable accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire?, answer: its successful resistance to foreign invasions | question: Which historian claims that even the Arabs acknowledged the importance of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire in stopping invasions?, answer: Historian R. C. Majumdar
The Gurkhas, a martial tribe, came to power in Nepal in the year 1768. They consolidated their military power and began to expand their territory. Gradually, the Gorkhas annexed Sirmour and Shimla. With the leadership of Amar Singh Thapa, Gorkhas laid siege to Kangra. They managed to defeat Sansar Chand Katoch, the ruler of Kangra, in 1806 with the help of many provincial chiefs. However, Gurkhas could not capture Kangra fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809. After the defeat, the Gurkhas began to expand towards the south of the state. However, Raja Ram Singh, Raja of Siba State managed to capture the fort of Siba from the remnants of Lahore Darbar in Samvat 1846, during the First Anglo-Sikh War. They came into direct conflict with the British along the tarai belt after which the British expelled them from the provinces of the Satluj. The British gradually emerged as the paramount power. In the revolt of 1857, or first Indian war of independence, arising from a number of grievances against the British, the people of the hill states were not as politically active as were those in other parts of the country. They and their rulers, with the exception of Bushahr, remained more or less inactive. Some, including the rulers of Chamba, Bilaspur, Bhagal and Dhami, rendered help to the British government during the revolt.

question: When did the Gurkhas come into power?, answer: 1768 | question: Where did the Gurkhas come into power?, answer: Nepal | question: Who lead the Gorkas to siege Kangra?, answer: Amar Singh Thapa | question: In 1806 who did Gorkas defeat with the help of provincial chiefs?, answer: Sansar Chand Katoch, the ruler of Kangra, | question: Who rendered help to the British government during the revolt?, answer: rulers of Chamba, Bilaspur, Bhagal and Dhami
The HMWSSB regulates rainwater harvesting, sewerage services and water supply, which is sourced from several dams located in the suburbs. In 2005, the HMWSSB started operating a 116-kilometre-long (72 mi) water supply pipeline from Nagarjuna Sagar Dam to meet increasing demand. The Telangana Southern Power Distribution Company Limited manages electricity supply. As of October 2014, there were 15 fire stations in the city, operated by the Telangana State Disaster and Fire Response Department. The government-owned India Post has five head post offices and many sub-post offices in Hyderabad, which are complemented by private courier services.

question: What dam began to provide water to Hyderabad in 2005?, answer: Nagarjuna Sagar Dam | question: Along with dealing with sewerage and the water supply, what is one other thing the HMWSSB regulates?, answer: rainwater harvesting | question: How long is the pipeline from the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam which the HMWSSB operates?, answer: 116-kilometre-long (72 mi) | question: Which company is responsible for electricity in Hyderabad?, answer: Telangana Southern Power Distribution Company Limited | question: Which entity is responsible for the fire stations in Hyderabad?, answer: Telangana State Disaster and Fire Response Department
The Han dynasty (Chinese: 漢朝; pinyin: Hàn cháo) was the second imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to itself as the "Han people" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC – 9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD).

question: What period followed the Han dynasty?, answer: Three Kingdoms | question: What dynasty came before the Han dynasty?, answer: Qin | question: Who founded the Han dynasty?, answer: Liu Bang | question: When did the Former Han period begin?, answer: 206 BC | question: When did the Later Han period end?, answer: 220 AD
The Han dynasty inherited the ban liang coin type from the Qin. In the beginning of the Han, Emperor Gaozu closed the government mint in favor of private minting of coins. This decision was reversed in 186 BC by his widow Grand Empress Dowager Lü Zhi (d. 180 BC), who abolished private minting. In 182 BC, Lü Zhi issued a bronze coin that was much lighter in weight than previous coins. This caused widespread inflation that was not reduced until 175 BC when Emperor Wen allowed private minters to manufacture coins that were precisely 2.6 g (0.09 oz) in weight.

question: Where did the Han dynasty receive their coin type from?, answer: the Qin | question: Who closed the government mint?, answer: Emperor Gaozu | question: In what year was the decision reversing the closure of the government mint implemented?, answer: 186 BC | question: Who released new lighter coinage that caused significant amounts of inflation because of it's weight?, answer: Lü Zhi | question: In what year were private manufactures allowed to create coins that were exactly 2.6g in mass?, answer: 175 BC
The Han dynasty was an age of economic prosperity and saw a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including papermaking, the nautical steering rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer employing an inverted pendulum.

question: In what year did the central government issue coins?, answer: 119 BC | question: What industry did the government use to help pay for its military campaigns?, answer: iron | question: In what period did several government monopolies become repealed?, answer: Eastern Han | question: A money based economy was first entrenched in what dynasty?, answer: Zhou | question: A seismometer during the Han dynasty used what type of pendulum?, answer: inverted
The Han-era Chinese sailed in a variety of ships differing from those of previous eras, such as the tower ship. The junk design was developed and realized during Han. Junks featured a square-ended bow and stern, a flat-bottomed hull or carvel-shaped hull with no keel or sternpost, and solid transverse bulkheads in the place of structural ribs found in Western vessels. Moreover, Han ships were the first in the world to be steered using a rudder at the stern, in contrast to the simpler steering oar used for riverine transport, allowing them to sail on the high seas.

question: What type of boat design was first invented during the Han era?, answer: The junk design | question: In what areas were Han ships able to be sailed in part due to the stern rudder?, answer: high seas | question: What ship design contained a flat-bottomed hull?, answer: Junks | question: What type of transport was the steering oar most likely to be used during?, answer: riverine transport
The Han-era Chinese used bronze and iron to make a range of weapons, culinary tools, carpenters' tools and domestic wares. A significant product of these improved iron-smelting techniques was the manufacture of new agricultural tools. The three-legged iron seed drill, invented by the 2nd century BC, enabled farmers to carefully plant crops in rows instead of casting seeds out by hand. The heavy moldboard iron plow, also invented during the Han dynasty, required only one man to control it, two oxen to pull it. It had three plowshares, a seed box for the drills, a tool which turned down the soil and could sow roughly 45,730 m2 (11.3 acres) of land in a single day.

question: What was an invention that allowed farmers to place their crops into rows?, answer: The three-legged iron seed drill | question: How many animals were neccessary to pull an iron plow?, answer: two oxen | question: How many acres of land could succesfully be sowed with a seed box in a day?, answer: 11.3 acres | question: How many persons were necessary to operate an iron plow?, answer: one man | question: What methodology allowed the production of new agricultural tools?, answer: improved iron-smelting techniques
The Han-era family was patrilineal and typically had four to five nuclear family members living in one household. Multiple generations of extended family members did not occupy the same house, unlike families of later dynasties. According to Confucian family norms, various family members were treated with different levels of respect and intimacy. For example, there were different accepted time frames for mourning the death of a father versus a paternal uncle. Arranged marriages were normal, with the father's input on his offspring's spouse being considered more important than the mother's. Monogamous marriages were also normal, although nobles and high officials were wealthy enough to afford and support concubines as additional lovers. Under certain conditions dictated by custom, not law, both men and women were able to divorce their spouses and remarry.

question: How many family members would commonly live in a single household during the Han era?, answer: four to five | question: Whose opinion on the spouse of an arranged marriage was considered to be more important?, answer: the father's | question: Who were rich enough to afford multiple lovers?, answer: nobles and high officials | question: What type of family was your typical Han era family considered to be?, answer: patrilineal | question: What type of marriage was thought of as a normal occurrence in this era?, answer: Arranged marriages
The Hanover Zoo is one of the most spectacular and best zoos in Europe. The zoo received the Park Scout Award for the fourth year running in 2009/10, placing it among the best zoos in Germany. The zoo consists of several theme areas: Sambesi, Meyers Farm, Gorilla-Mountain, Jungle-Palace, and Mullewapp. Some smaller areas are Australia, the wooded area for wolves, and the so-called swimming area with many seabirds. There is also a tropical house, a jungle house, and a show arena. The new Canadian-themed area, Yukon Bay, opened in 2010. In 2010 the Hanover Zoo had over 1.6 million visitors.

question: Which zoo is one of the best in Europe?, answer: Hanover Zoo | question: What award did the Hanover Zoo receive four years in a row?, answer: Park Scout Award | question: Which animal does the so-called swimming area have?, answer: seabirds | question: When did the Canadian-theme area in the Hanover Zoo open?, answer: 2010 | question: How many people visited the Hanover Zoo in 2010?, answer: 1.6 million
The Hanoverian king George II of Great Britain was passionately devoted to his family’s continental holdings, but his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas. If war against France for colonial expansion was to be resumed, then Hanover had to be secured against Franco-Prussian attack. France was very much interested in colonial expansion and was willing to exploit the vulnerability of Hanover in war against Great Britain, but it had no desire to divert forces to central Europe for Prussia's interest.

question: What was the house of king George II?, answer: Hanover | question: Name two diverse geographies that king George II had to protect., answer: his commitments in Germany were counterbalanced by the demands of the British colonies overseas | question: How anxious was France to assist Prussia to take over Hanover?, answer: it had no desire to divert forces to central Europe for Prussia's interest. | question: Why would France want to invade Hanover?, answer: France was very much interested in colonial expansion and was willing to exploit the vulnerability of Hanover in war against Great Britain | question: What was Britain's obligation to Hanover if colonial expansion via war with France was to be resumed?, answer: Hanover had to be secured against Franco-Prussian attack
The Hashimiyya movement (a sub-sect of the Kaysanites Shia), led by the Abbasid family, overthrew the Umayyad caliphate. The Abbasids were members of the Hashim clan, rivals of the Umayyads, but the word "Hashimiyya" seems to refer specifically to Abu Hashim, a grandson of Ali and son of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya. According to certain traditions, Abu Hashim died in 717 in Humeima in the house of Muhammad ibn Ali, the head of the Abbasid family, and before dying named Muhammad ibn Ali as his successor. This tradition allowed the Abbasids to rally the supporters of the failed revolt of Mukhtar, who had represented themselves as the supporters of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya.

question: What group were the Hashimiyya a sect of?, answer: Kaysanites Shia | question: Who led the Hashimiyya movement?, answer: Abbasid family | question: Who was named successor by Abu Hashim?, answer: Muhammad ibn Ali | question: Of what clan were the Abbasids members of?, answer: Hashim | question: What year saw the death of Abu Hashim?, answer: 717