lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Internet cafés that provide net access, office applications and multiplayer gaming are also a common sight in the country, while mobile internet on 3G and 4G- LTE cellphone networks and Wi-Fi connections can be found almost everywhere. 3G/4G mobile internet usage has been on a sharp increase in recent years, with a 340% increase between August 2011 and August 2012. The United Nations International Telecommunication Union ranks Greece among the top 30 countries with a highly developed information and communications infrastructure.

question: In recent years, what usage has risen dramatically?, answer: 3G/4G mobile internet | question: How much did internet usage increase in one year?, answer: 340% | question: Where does Greece rank in the work with communications?, answer: among the top 30 countries
Internet hosting services provide email, web-hosting, or online storage services. Other services include virtual server, cloud services, or physical server operation.

question: What do internet hosting services provide?, answer: email, web-hosting, or online storage services | question: Who provides a virtual server service?, answer: Internet hosting services | question: who provides cloud services?, answer: Internet hosting services
Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by the ISP. Furthermore, in some countries ISPs are subject to monitoring by intelligence agencies. In the U.S., a controversial National Security Agency program known as PRISM provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic and has raised concerns about potential violation of the privacy protections in the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Modern ISPs integrate a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment into their networks, which then feeds the data to law-enforcement/intelligence networks (such as DCSNet in the United States, or SORM in Russia) allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time.

question: What are ISPs subject to monitoring by in some countries?, answer: intelligence agencies | question: What is the controversial N.S.A. program used in the U.S.?, answer: PRISM | question: What does PRISM do?, answer: provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic | question: What do ISPs integrate into their network to provide information to intelligence agencies?, answer: a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment | question: What do DCSnet in the US and SORM in Russia do?, answer: allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time
Internet services typically provided by ISPs include Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, Usenet service, and colocation.

question: What type of organization provides internet access?, answer: ISPs | question: What are some services provided by an isp?, answer: Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, Usenet service, and colocation
Interpreters have sometimes played crucial roles in history. A prime example is La Malinche, also known as Malintzin, Malinalli and Doña Marina, an early-16th-century Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast. As a child she had been sold or given to Maya slave-traders from Xicalango, and thus had become bilingual. Subsequently given along with other women to the invading Spaniards, she became instrumental in the Spanish conquest of Mexico, acting as interpreter, adviser, intermediary and lover to Hernán Cortés.

question: What roles have interpreters occasionally played in history?, answer: crucial | question: Where were the slave-traders La Malinche was sold or given to from?, answer: Xicalango | question: What region did La Malinche hail from?, answer: Mexican Gulf Coast | question: What was La Malinche essential to?, answer: Spanish conquest of Mexico | question: In addition to being an interpreter and adviser, what function did La Malinche serve for Hernán Cortés?, answer: lover
Interracial relations between Indigenous Americans and African Americans is a part of American history that has been neglected. The earliest record of African and Indigenous American relations in the Americas occurred in April 1502, when the first Africans kidnapped were brought to Hispaniola to serve as slaves. Some escaped, and somewhere inland on Santo Domingo, the first Black Indians were born. In addition, an example of African slaves' escaping from European colonists and being absorbed by Indigenous Americans occurred as far back as 1526. In June of that year, Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon established a Spanish colony near the mouth of the Pee Dee River in what is now eastern South Carolina. The Spanish settlement was named San Miguel de Gualdape. Amongst the settlement were 100 enslaved Africans. In 1526, the first African slaves fled the colony and took refuge with local Indigenous Americans.

question: What is considered to be neglected in American history?, answer: Interracial relations between Indigenous Americans and African Americans | question: When is it recorded that Africans and natives interacted earliest?, answer: April 1502 | question: Where did Africans escape and mate with naitves?, answer: Santo Domingo | question: Where did Ayllon lay down a Spanish colony?, answer: near the mouth of the Pee Dee River | question: How many slaves were at San Miguel de Gualdape at its inception?, answer: 100 enslaved Africans
Interracial relationships have had a long history in North America and the United States, beginning with the intermixing of European explorers and soldiers, who took native women as companions. After European settlement increased, traders and fur trappers often married or had unions with women of native tribes. In the 17th century, faced with a continuing, critical labor shortage, colonists primarily in the Chesapeake Bay Colony, imported Africans as laborers, sometimes as indentured servants and, increasingly, as slaves. African slaves were also imported into New York and other northern ports by the Dutch and later English. Some African slaves were freed by their masters during these early years.

question: What jobs did the earliest Europeans who mingled with natives hold?, answer: explorers and soldiers | question: Who started marrying or having unions with native women after settlment increased?, answer: traders and fur trappers | question: Why did Chesapeake Bay colonists begin to buy slaves?, answer: a continuing, critical labor shortage | question: Who first imported slaves to New York?, answer: the Dutch | question: Who freed some of the early slaves?, answer: their masters
Interracial relationships, common-law marriages, and marriages occurred since the earliest colonial years, especially before slavery hardened as a racial caste associated with people of African descent in the British colonies. Virginia and other English colonies passed laws in the 17th century that gave children the social status of their mother, according to the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, regardless of the father's race or citizenship. This overturned the principle in English common law by which a man gave his status to his children – this had enabled communities to demand that fathers support their children, whether legitimate or not. The change increased white men's ability to use slave women sexually, as they had no responsibility for the children. As master as well as father of mixed-race children born into slavery, the men could use these people as servants or laborers or sell them as slaves. In some cases, white fathers provided for their multiracial children, paying or arranging for education or apprenticeships and freeing them, particularly during the two decades following the American Revolution. (The practice of providing for the children was more common in French and Spanish colonies, where a class of free people of color developed who became educated and property owners.) Many other white fathers abandoned the mixed-race children and their mothers to slavery.

question: What did the laws passed in the 17th century do?, answer: gave children the social status of their mother | question: What is the rule called that causes a father's race to not matter?, answer: partus sequitur ventrem | question: What did white fathers do after the American Revolution to provide for mixed children?, answer: paying or arranging for education or apprenticeships and freeing them | question: English common law generally said what?, answer: a man gave his status to his children
Interspecific crop diversity is, in part, responsible for offering variety in what we eat. Intraspecific diversity, the variety of alleles within a single species, also offers us choice in our diets. If a crop fails in a monoculture, we rely on agricultural diversity to replant the land with something new. If a wheat crop is destroyed by a pest we may plant a hardier variety of wheat the next year, relying on intraspecific diversity. We may forgo wheat production in that area and plant a different species altogether, relying on interspecific diversity. Even an agricultural society which primarily grows monocultures, relies on biodiversity at some point.

question: What has some responsibility for offering variety in what we eat?, answer: Interspecific crop diversity | question: What is the variety of alleles within a single species?, answer: Interspecific crop diversity | question: When do we rely on agricultural diversity to replant the land with something new?, answer: If a crop fails in a monoculture | question: What can destroy a wheat crop?, answer: a pest | question: What type of a society primarily grows monocultures?, answer: agricultural society
Interstate 10, which runs southeast to northwest through town, connects Tucson to Phoenix to the northwest on the way to its western terminus in Santa Monica, California, and to Las Cruces, New Mexico and El Paso, Texas toward its eastern terminus in Jacksonville, Florida. I-19 runs south from Tucson toward Nogales and the U.S.-Mexico border. I-19 is the only Interstate highway that uses "kilometer posts" instead of "mileposts", although the speed limits are marked in miles per hour instead of kilometers per hour.

question: Which interstate is the only one that uses kilometer posts instead of mileposts?, answer: I-19 | question: Are the speed limits on I-19 marked in miles or kilometers?, answer: miles | question: What border does I-19 come close to?, answer: U.S.-Mexico border | question: Which interstate would you take to go to Jackson Florida from Tuscon Arizona?, answer: Interstate 10 | question: Which direction does I-10 run through Tucson?, answer: southeast to northwest | question: What is the next major town to the west on I-10?, answer: Phoenix | question: What is the next major town to the east on I-10?, answer: Las Cruces, New Mexico | question: Which direction does I-19 run from Tucson?, answer: south | question: What is unusual about I-19?, answer: the only Interstate highway that uses "kilometer posts" instead of "mileposts"
Interstate 26 begins in downtown Charleston, with exits to the Septima Clark Expressway, the Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Meeting Street. Heading northwest, it connects the city to North Charleston, the Charleston International Airport, Interstate 95, and Columbia. The Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge and Septima Clark Expressway are part of U.S. Highway 17, which travels east-west through the cities of Charleston and Mount Pleasant. The Mark Clark Expressway, or Interstate 526, is the bypass around the city and begins and ends at U.S. Highway 17. U.S. Highway 52 is Meeting Street and its spur is East Bay Street, which becomes Morrison Drive after leaving the east side. This highway merges with King Street in the city's Neck area (industrial district). U.S. Highway 78 is King Street in the downtown area, eventually merging with Meeting Street.

question: What area in Charleston is considered the 'industrial area'?, answer: the city's Neck area | question: What highways is King Street in downtown Charleston?, answer: U.S. Highway 78 | question: U.S. Highway 78 merges with what street?, answer: Meeting Street | question: Interstate 526 begins and ends at what Highway?, answer: U.S. Highway 17 | question: Interstate 26 begins on what part of Charleston?, answer: downtown Charleston
Interstate 40 crosses the state in a west-east orientation. Its branch interstate highways include I-240 in Memphis; I-440 in Nashville; I-140 from Knoxville to Alcoa and I-640 in Knoxville. I-26, although technically an east-west interstate, runs from the North Carolina border below Johnson City to its terminus at Kingsport. I-24 is an east-west interstate that runs cross-state from Chattanooga to Clarksville. In a north-south orientation are highways I-55, I-65, I-75, and I-81. Interstate 65 crosses the state through Nashville, while Interstate 75 serves Chattanooga and Knoxville and Interstate 55 serves Memphis. Interstate 81 enters the state at Bristol and terminates at its junction with I-40 near Dandridge. I-155 is a branch highway from I-55. The only spur highway of I-75 in Tennessee is I-275, which is in Knoxville. When completed, I-69 will travel through the western part of the state, from South Fulton to Memphis. A branch interstate, I-269 also exists from Millington to Collierville.

question: Which city is the endpoint of I-26?, answer: Kingsport | question: I-24 connects which two Tennessee cities?, answer: Chattanooga to Clarksville | question: Which interstate highway running north-south passes through Memphis?, answer: Interstate 55 | question: Which interstate ends at a junction close to Dandridge, Tennessee?, answer: Interstate 81 | question: What Tennessee cities are connected by I-269?, answer: Millington to Collierville
Interstate 95 runs through the city along the Delaware River as a main north-south artery known as the Delaware Expressway. The city is also served by the Schuylkill Expressway, a portion of Interstate 76 that runs along the Schuylkill River. It meets the Pennsylvania Turnpike at King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, providing access to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and points west. Interstate 676, the Vine Street Expressway, was completed in 1991 after years of planning. A link between I-95 and I-76, it runs below street level through Center City, connecting to the Ben Franklin Bridge at its eastern end.

question: What is the main north-south freeway called?, answer: Delaware Expressway | question: What is part of I-76 called?, answer: Schuylkill Expressway | question: When was the Vine Street Expressway finished?, answer: 1991 | question: Name a bridge in the city?, answer: Ben Franklin Bridge
Into the first half of the twentieth century after the establishment of ROC, Nanjing gradually shifted from being a production hub towards being a heavy consumption city, mainly because of the rapid expansion of its wealthy population after Nanjing once again regained the political spotlight of China. A number of huge department stores such as Zhongyang Shangchang sprouted up, attracting merchants from all over China to sell their products in Nanjing. In 1933, the revenue generated by the food and entertainment industry in the city exceeded the sum of the output of the manufacturing and agriculture industry. One third of the city population worked in the service industry, .

question: In what time period did Nanjing transform from a producer to more of a consumer city?, answer: Into the first half of the twentieth century | question: What mostly caused the shift to a consumer city?, answer: the rapid expansion of its wealthy population | question: What is Zhongyang Shangchang?, answer: huge department stores | question: In what year did the revenue of food and entertainment eclipse the output of industry?, answer: 1933 | question: How much of the population worked in a service capacity at that time?, answer: One third of the city population
Intrigued by the results of the automaton, Bell continued to experiment with a live subject, the family's Skye Terrier, "Trouve". After he taught it to growl continuously, Bell would reach into its mouth and manipulate the dog's lips and vocal cords to produce a crude-sounding "Ow ah oo ga ma ma". With little convincing, visitors believed his dog could articulate "How are you grandma?" More indicative of his playful nature, his experiments convinced onlookers that they saw a "talking dog". However, these initial forays into experimentation with sound led Bell to undertake his first serious work on the transmission of sound, using tuning forks to explore resonance.

question: What living thing did Bell use in his research?, answer: Skye Terrier | question: What was Bell's pet's name?, answer: Trouve | question: What phrase did people believe Bell's dog could say?, answer: How are you grandma? | question: Bell investigated resonance using what?, answer: tuning forks | question: What did Bell instruct his dog to do?, answer: growl continuously
Investitures, which include the conferring of knighthoods by dubbing with a sword, and other awards take place in the palace's Ballroom, built in 1854. At 36.6 m (120 ft) long, 18 m (59 ft) wide and 13.5 m (44 ft) high, it is the largest room in the palace. It has replaced the throne room in importance and use. During investitures, the Queen stands on the throne dais beneath a giant, domed velvet canopy, known as a shamiana or a baldachin, that was used at the Delhi Durbar in 1911. A military band plays in the musicians' gallery as award recipients approach the Queen and receive their honours, watched by their families and friends.

question: Where do Investitures take place?, answer: in the palace's Ballroom | question: What year was The Ballroom built?, answer: 1854 | question: Which room has The Ballroom replaced in terms of both use and importance?, answer: the throne room | question: What is the largest room in the palace?, answer: the palace's Ballroom | question: What does the Queen stand on during Investitures?, answer: the throne dais | question: Knighthood is given by being dubbed with what object?, answer: a sword | question: What is the largest room in the palace?, answer: Ballroom | question: The Ballroom replaced which other room in terms of importance and use?, answer: the throne room
Investment in the city continued. The William Enston Home, a planned community for the city's aged and infirm, was built in 1889. An elaborate public building, the United States Post Office and Courthouse, was completed by the federal government in 1896 in the heart of the city. The Democrat-dominated state legislature passed a new constitution in 1895 that disfranchised blacks, effectively excluding them entirely from the political process, a second-class status that was maintained for more than six decades in a state that was majority black until about 1930.

question: Which party dominated South Carolina's state legislature?, answer: Democrat | question: What year was a new constitution passed that discriminated against blacks were passed?, answer: 1896 | question: The William Enston Home was built in what year?, answer: 1889. | question: Blacks were the majority in South Carolina until what year?, answer: 1930 | question: A large post office and courthouse was built in what year?, answer: 1896
Investment in the telecom industry is held to be one of the clearest signs that Somalia's economy has continued to develop. The sector provides key communication services, and in the process facilitates job creation and income generation.

question: Investing in what Industry is a sign that Somalia's economy is continuing to improve?, answer: telecom industry | question: What sector provides key communication services?, answer: telecom
Ion gauges are used in ultrahigh vacuum. They come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode. In the hot cathode version an electrically heated filament produces an electron beam. The electrons travel through the gauge and ionize gas molecules around them. The resulting ions are collected at a negative electrode. The current depends on the number of ions, which depends on the pressure in the gauge. Hot cathode gauges are accurate from 10−3 torr to 10−10 torr. The principle behind cold cathode version is the same, except that electrons are produced in a discharge created by a high voltage electrical discharge. Cold cathode gauges are accurate from 10−2 torr to 10−9 torr. Ionization gauge calibration is very sensitive to construction geometry, chemical composition of gases being measured, corrosion and surface deposits. Their calibration can be invalidated by activation at atmospheric pressure or low vacuum. The composition of gases at high vacuums will usually be unpredictable, so a mass spectrometer must be used in conjunction with the ionization gauge for accurate measurement.

question: What affects the number of ions in a gauge?, answer: the pressure in the gauge | question: What must be used for accurate measurement on the composition of gases at a high vacuums?, answer: mass spectrometer must be used in conjunction with the ionization gauge | question: What gauge is accurate from 10-2 torr to 10-9 torr?, answer: Cold cathode gauges | question: Why does a mass spectrometer need to be used with gauge to be accurate at high vacuum gas measurement?, answer: composition of gases at high vacuums will usually be unpredictable | question: What are the two types of Ion gauges?, answer: hot cathode and cold cathode.
Iran (/aɪˈræn/ or i/ɪˈrɑːn/; Persian: Irān – ایران‎‎ [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/ or /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران – Jomhuri ye Eslāmi ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 78.4 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. Iran has long been of geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz.

question: Which country borders Iran to Iran's northwest?, answer: Armenia | question: How many people live in Iran?, answer: 78.4 million | question: What is Iran's land mass in square miles?, answer: 636,372 sq mi | question: What is the unofficial name for Iran?, answer: Persia | question: What is Iran's official country name?, answer: the Islamic Republic of Iran
Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains; the last contains Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand at 5,610 m (18,406 ft), which is also the highest mountain on the Eurasian landmass west of the Hindu Kush.

question: Iran's landscape is dominated by what geographical feature?, answer: rugged mountain ranges | question: What is Iran's highest mountain?, answer: Mount Damavand | question: How tall is Mount Damavand?, answer: 5,610 m (18,406 ft) | question: Mount Damavand is located in what range?, answer: Alborz Mountains