lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Parasites can at times be difficult to distinguish from grazers. Their feeding behavior is similar in many ways, however they are noted for their close association with their host species. While a grazing species such as an elephant may travel many kilometers in a single day, grazing on many plants in the process, parasites form very close associations with their hosts, usually having only one or at most a few in their lifetime. This close living arrangement may be described by the term symbiosis, "living together", but unlike mutualism the association significantly reduces the fitness of the host. Parasitic organisms range from the macroscopic mistletoe, a parasitic plant, to microscopic internal parasites such as cholera. Some species however have more loose associations with their hosts. Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) larvae may feed parasitically on only a single plant, or they may graze on several nearby plants. It is therefore wise to treat this classification system as a continuum rather than four isolated forms.

question: Species that rely on few or a single prey are called?, answer: Parasites | question: Predator and prey relationships that improve fitness for both species are classified as this type of relationship., answer: mutualism | question: Give an example of an animal that will travel several miles in a single day., answer: elephant | question: What plant associated with kissing during the holidays is also parasitic?, answer: mistletoe | question: How are parasites distiguished from grazers?, answer: close association with their host species | question: How many hosts do parasites typically have?, answer: one or at most a few in their lifetime | question: How should parasite classification be viewed instead of as four isolated forms?, answer: a continuum | question: What does the term symbiosis mean?, answer: living together
Parasitoids are organisms living in or on their host and feeding directly upon it, eventually leading to its death. They are much like parasites in their close symbiotic relationship with their host or hosts. Like the previous two classifications parasitoid predators do not kill their hosts instantly. However, unlike parasites, they are very similar to true predators in that the fate of their prey is quite inevitably death. A well-known example of a parasitoids are the ichneumon wasps, solitary insects living a free life as an adult, then laying eggs on or in another species such as a caterpillar. Its larva(e) feed on the growing host causing it little harm at first, but soon devouring the internal organs until finally destroying the nervous system resulting in prey death. By this stage the young wasp(s) are developed sufficiently to move to the next stage in their life cycle. Though limited mainly to the insect order Hymenoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera parasitoids make up as much as 10% of all insect species.

question: This species relies on other species to provide a reproductive host for their offspring., answer: ichneumon wasps | question: It is believed that parasitoids account for what percentage of the total insect population?, answer: 10% | question: During a parasitoid-host interaction what will happen to the host?, answer: death | question: What is the term given to organisms living and feeding on their host?, answer: Parasitoids | question: How many organisms in the insect species are Diptera or Cleoptera parasitoids?, answer: 10% | question: Which type of wasp is a well-known example of a parasitoid?, answer: ichneumon | question: How do the larvae of the parasitoid wasps kill their prey?, answer: devouring the internal organs until finally destroying the nervous system
Paris and its close suburbs is home to numerous newspapers, magazines and publications including Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération, Le Nouvel Observateur, Le Canard enchaîné, La Croix, Pariscope, Le Parisien (in Saint-Ouen), Les Échos, Paris Match (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Réseaux & Télécoms, Reuters France, and L'Officiel des Spectacles. France's two most prestigious newspapers, Le Monde and Le Figaro, are the centrepieces of the Parisian publishing industry. Agence France-Presse is France's oldest, and one of the world's oldest, continually operating news agencies. AFP, as it is colloquially abbreviated, maintains its headquarters in Paris, as it has since 1835. France 24 is a television news channel owned and operated by the French government, and is based in Paris. Another news agency is France Diplomatie, owned and operated by the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, and pertains solely to diplomatic news and occurrences.

question: What are France's two most prestigious newspapers?, answer: Le Monde and Le Figaro | question: What is France's oldest operating news agency?, answer: Agence | question: When did Agence open in Paris?, answer: 1835 | question: What television station is operated by the French government?, answer: France 24
Paris and its region host the headquarters of several international organisations including UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Chamber of Commerce, the Paris Club, the European Space Agency, the International Energy Agency, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the European Union Institute for Security Studies, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the International Exhibition Bureau and the International Federation for Human Rights.

question: Where is the headquarters for UNESCO?, answer: Paris | question: Where is the head quarters for the International Federation for Human Rights?, answer: Paris | question: Where is the head quarters for the European Space Agency?, answer: Paris
Paris has a typical Western European oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb ) which is affected by the North Atlantic Current. The overall climate throughout the year is mild and moderately wet. Summer days are usually warm and pleasant with average temperatures hovering between 15 and 25 °C (59 and 77 °F), and a fair amount of sunshine. Each year, however, there are a few days where the temperature rises above 32 °C (90 °F). Some years have even witnessed long periods of harsh summer weather, such as the heat wave of 2003 when temperatures exceeded 30 °C (86 °F) for weeks, surged up to 40 °C (104 °F) on some days and seldom cooled down at night. More recently, the average temperature for July 2011 was 17.6 °C (63.7 °F), with an average minimum temperature of 12.9 °C (55.2 °F) and an average maximum temperature of 23.7 °C (74.7 °F).

question: Which current affects Paris' weather?, answer: North Atlantic Current | question: How is Paris' climate categorized?, answer: mild and moderately wet | question: What are the average temperatures for summer?, answer: between 15 and 25 °C | question: What was the average temperature for July 2011?, answer: 17.6 °C
Paris has been an international capital of high fashion since the 19th century, particularly in the domain of haute couture, clothing hand-made to order for private clients. It is home of some of the largest fashion houses in the world, including Dior and Chanel, and of many well-known fashion designers, including Karl Lagerfeld, Jean-Paul Gaultier, Christophe Josse and Christian Lacroix. Paris Fashion Week, held in January and July in the Carrousel du Louvre and other city locations, is among the top four events of the international fashion calendar, along with the fashion weeks in Milan, London and New York. Paris is also the home of the world's largest cosmetics company, L'Oréal, and three of the five top global makers of luxury fashion accessories; Louis Vuitton, Hermés and Cartier.

question: What is clothing made to order for private clients called?, answer: haute couture | question: Dior is from which city?, answer: Paris | question: In what century did Paris become largely into fashion?, answer: 19th | question: What is the world's largest cosmetic company?, answer: L'Oréal
Paris hosts one of the largest science museums in Europe, the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie at La Villette. The National Museum of Natural History, on the Left Bank, is famous for its dinosaur artefacts, mineral collections, and its Gallery of Evolution. The military history of France, from the Middle Ages to World War II, is vividly presented by displays at the Musée de l'Armée at Les Invalides, near the tomb of Napoleon. In addition to the national museums, run by the French Ministry of Culture, the City of Paris operates 14 museums, including the Carnavalet Museum on the history of Paris; Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris; Palais de Tokyo; the House of Victor Hugo and House of Balzac, and the Catacombs of Paris. There are also notable private museums; The Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation, designed by architect Frank Gehry, opened in October 2014 in the Bois de Boulogne.

question: What museum is famous for its dinosaur artifacts?, answer: The National Museum of Natural History | question: When did THe Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation open?, answer: October 2014 | question: What famous landmark is Mysee de l'Armee lat Les Invalides located ner?, answer: the tomb of Napoleon | question: How many museums does the city of Paris operate?, answer: 14
Paris in its early history had only the Seine and Bièvre rivers for water. From 1809, the Canal de l'Ourcq provided Paris with water from less-polluted rivers to the north-east of the capital. From 1857, the civil engineer Eugène Belgrand, under Napoleon III, oversaw the construction of a series of new aqueducts that brought water from locations all around the city to several reservoirs built atop the Capital's highest points of elevation. From then on, the new reservoir system became Paris' principal source of drinking water, and the remains of the old system, pumped into lower levels of the same reservoirs, were from then on used for the cleaning of Paris' streets. This system is still a major part of Paris' modern water-supply network. Today Paris has more than 2,400 km (1,491 mi) of underground passageways dedicated to the evacuation of Paris' liquid wastes.

question: WHen did the Canal de l'Ourcq start providing Paris with water?, answer: 1809 | question: Who was Eugene Belgrand under?, answer: Napoleon III | question: How many km of underground passageways are dedicated to teh evacuationof Paris' waste liquids?, answer: 2,400 | question: Who created Paris' reservoir system?, answer: Eugène Belgrand
Paris is a city of books and bookstores. In the 1970s, 80 percent of French-language publishing houses were found in Paris, almost all on the Left Bank in the 5th, 6th and 7th arrondissements. Since that time, because of high prices, some publishers have moved out to the less expensive areas. It is also a city of small bookstores; There are about 150 bookstores in the 5th arrondissement alone, plus another 250 book stalls along the Seine. Small Paris bookstores are protected against competition from discount booksellers by French law; books, even e-books, cannot be discounted more than five percent below their publisher's cover price.

question: What percentage of french publishing houses were in Paris in the 1970s?, answer: 80 | question: Approximately how many bookstores are located in the 5th arrondissement?, answer: 150 | question: How many bookstalls are located along the Seine?, answer: 250 | question: What is the maximum amount a publishers book can be discounted?, answer: five percent
Paris is a major international air transport hub with the 4th busiest airport system in the world. The city is served by three commercial international airports: Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Paris-Orly and Beauvais-Tillé. Together these three airports recorded traffic of 96.5 million passengers in 2014. There is also one general aviation airport, Paris-Le Bourget, historically the oldest Parisian airport and closest to the city centre, which is now used only for private business flights and air shows.

question: Where is the 4th busiest international air transport hub in the world?, answer: Paris | question: How many passengers did Paris see in 2014?, answer: 96.5 million | question: What is the oldest air port in Paris?, answer: Paris-Le Bourget
Paris is a major rail, highway, and air transport hub. The Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France (STIF), formerly Syndicat des transports parisiens (STP), oversees the transit network in the region. The syndicate coordinates public transport and contracts it out to the RATP (operating 347 bus lines, the Métro, eight tramway lines, and sections of the RER), the SNCF (operating suburban rails, one tramway line and the other sections of the RER) and the Optile consortium of private operators managing 1,176 bus lines.

question: Who oversees the transit network in Paris?, answer: The Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France | question: How many bus lines does the STIF oversee?, answer: 347 | question: What was the STIF formerly known as?, answer: Syndicat des transports parisiens | question: How many bus lines does the Optile Consortium manage?, answer: 1,176
Paris is home to the association football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français. The 80,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the commune of Saint-Denis. Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of Roland Garros. Paris played host to the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics, the 1938 and 1998 FIFA World Cups, and the 2007 Rugby World Cup. Every July, the Tour de France of cycling finishes in the city.

question: What is the name of the football club in Paris?, answer: Paris Saint-Germain | question: What is the name of the rugby union in Paris?, answer: Stade Français | question: How many seats are in Stade de France?, answer: 80,000 | question: In what year did Paris host the World Cup?, answer: 2007 | question: In what month is the Tour de France?, answer: July
Paris is located in northern central France. By road it is 450 kilometres (280 mi) south-east of London, 287 kilometres (178 mi) south of Calais, 305 kilometres (190 mi) south-west of Brussels, 774 kilometres (481 mi) north of Marseille, 385 kilometres (239 mi) north-east of Nantes, and 135 kilometres (84 mi) south-east of Rouen. Paris is located in the north-bending arc of the river Seine and includes two islands, the Île Saint-Louis and the larger Île de la Cité, which form the oldest part of the city. The river's mouth on the English Channel (La Manche) is about 233 mi (375 km) downstream of the city, established around 7600 BC. The city is spread widely on both banks of the river. Overall, the city is relatively flat, and the lowest point is 35 m (115 ft) above sea level. Paris has several prominent hills, the highest of which is Montmartre at 130 m (427 ft). Montmartre gained its name from the martyrdom of Saint Denis, first bishop of Paris, atop the Mons Martyrum, "Martyr's mound", in 250.

question: Where in France is Paris located?, answer: northern central | question: How many kilometers is it away from London?, answer: 450 | question: What major river is located in Paris?, answer: Seine | question: What is the largest island in Paris?, answer: Île de la Cité | question: What is the largest hill in Paris?, answer: Montmartre
Paris is the home of the most visited art museum in the world, the Louvre, as well as the Musée d'Orsay, noted for its collection of French Impressionist art, and the Musée National d'Art Moderne, a museum of modern and contemporary art. The notable architectural landmarks of Paris include Notre Dame Cathedral (12th century); the Sainte-Chapelle (13th century); the Eiffel Tower (1889); and the Basilica of Sacré-Cœur on Montmartre (1914). In 2014 Paris received 22.4 million visitors, making it one of the world's top tourist destinations. Paris is also known for its fashion, particularly the twice-yearly Paris Fashion Week, and for its haute cuisine, and three-star restaurants. Most of France's major universities and grandes écoles are located in Paris, as are France's major newspapers, including Le Monde, Le Figaro, and Libération.

question: What is the most visited art museum in the world?, answer: Louvre | question: what is the Musee de Orsay known for?, answer: French Impressionist art | question: In what year was the Eiffel Tower built?, answer: 1889 | question: How many visitors did Paris receive in 2014?, answer: 22.4 million | question: In what century was the Notre Dame Cathedral built?, answer: 12th
Paris today has more than 421 municipal parks and gardens, covering more than 3,000 hectares and containing more than 250,000 trees. Two of Paris' oldest and most famous gardens are the Tuileries Garden, created in 1564 for the Tuileries Palace, and redone by André Le Nôtre between 1664 and 1672, and the Luxembourg Garden, for the Luxembourg Palace, built for Marie de' Medici in 1612, which today houses the French Senate. The Jardin des Plantes was the first botanical garden in Paris, created in 1626 by Louis XIII's doctor Guy de La Brosse for the cultivation of medicinal plants.

question: How many municipal parks and gardens does Paris have?, answer: 421 | question: When was the Tuileries Garden created?, answer: 1564 | question: Who redid the Tuileries Garden in 1664?, answer: André Le Nôtre | question: Who was the Luxembourg palace built for?, answer: Marie de' Medici | question: Who created the Jarden des Plantes?, answer: Guy de La Brosse
Paris was in its artistic prime in the 19th century and early 20th century, when it had a colony of artists established in the city and in art schools associated with some of the finest painters of the times: Manet, Monet, Berthe Morisot, Gauguin, Renoir and others. The French Revolution and political and social change in France had a profound influence on art in the capital. Paris was central to the development of Romanticism in art, with painters such as Gericault. Impressionism, Art Nouveau, Symbolism, Fauvism Cubism and Art Deco movements all evolved in Paris. In the late 19th century, many artists in the French provinces and worldwide flocked to Paris to exhibit their works in the numerous salons and expositions and make a name for themselves. Artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Henri Rousseau, Marc Chagall, Amedeo Modigliani and many others became associated with Paris. Picasso, living in Montmartre, painted his famous La Famille de Saltimbanques and Les Demoiselles d'Avignon between 1905 and 1907. Montmartre and Montparnasse became centres for artistic production.

question: What type of art did Paris help develop with painters like Gericault?, answer: Romanticism | question: In what town did Picasso live?, answer: Montmartre | question: What two towns were pinnacle for artistic production?, answer: Montmartre and Montparnasse | question: Between what two years did Picasso paint La Famille de Saltimbanques and Les Demoiselles d'Avignon?, answer: 1905 and 1907
Paris' disconnect with its suburbs, its lack of suburban transportation in particular, became all too apparent with the Paris agglomeration's growth. Paul Delouvrier promised to resolve the Paris-suburbs mésentente when he became head of the Paris region in 1961: two of his most ambitious projects for the Region were the construction of five suburban villes nouvelles ("new cities") and the RER commuter train network. Many other suburban residential districts (grands ensembles) were built between the 1960s and 1970s to provide a low-cost solution for a rapidly expanding population: these districts were socially mixed at first, but few residents actually owned their homes (the growing economy made these accessible to the middle classes only from the 1970s). Their poor construction quality and their haphazard insertion into existing urban growth contributed to their desertion by those able to move elsewhere and their repopulation by those with more limited possibilities.

question: When did Paul Delouvrier become the head of the Paris region?, answer: 1961 | question: What was a major problem with Paris being disconnected from its suburbs?, answer: lack of suburban transportation | question: How many suburban villes nouvelles did Paul Delouvrier constuct?, answer: five
Paris' manufacturing is mostly focused in its suburbs, and the city itself has only around 75,000 manufacturing workers, most of which are in the textile, clothing, leather goods and shoe trades. Paris region manufacturing specialises in transportation, mainly automobiles, aircraft and trains, but this is in a sharp decline: Paris proper manufacturing jobs dropped by 64 percent between 1990 and 2010, and the Paris region lost 48 percent during the same period. Most of this is due to companies relocating outside the Paris region. The Paris region's 800 aerospace companies employed 100,000. Four hundred automobile industry companies employ another 100,000 workers: many of these are centred in the Yvelines department around the Renault and PSA-Citroen plants (this department alone employs 33,000), but the industry as a whole suffered a major loss with the 2014 closing of a major Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen assembly plant.

question: What does Paris region manufacturing specialize in?, answer: transportation | question: How much of a drop was there in manufacturing jobs between 1990 and 2010?, answer: 64 | question: How many people does the Paris regions aerospace companies employ?, answer: 100,000 | question: The closing of what plant in 20147 caused a major loss to the automobile industry?, answer: Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen | question: How many manufacturing workers does Paris have?, answer: 75,000
Paris' most popular sport clubs are the association football club Paris Saint-Germain F.C. and the rugby union club Stade Français. The 80,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the commune of Saint-Denis. It is used for football, rugby union and track and field athletics. It hosts the French national football team for friendlies and major tournaments qualifiers, annually hosts the French national rugby team's home matches of the Six Nations Championship, and hosts several important matches of the Stade Français rugby team. In addition to Paris Saint-Germain FC, the city has a number of other amateur football clubs: Paris FC, Red Star, RCF Paris and Stade Français Paris.

question: How many seats are in the State de France?, answer: 80,000 | question: What was the State de France built for?, answer: 1998 FIFA World Cup | question: What is the most popular football club in Paris?, answer: Paris Saint-Germain F.C. | question: What is the rugby club in Paris?, answer: Stade Français
Paris' urbanism laws have been under strict control since the early 17th century, particularly where street-front alignment, building height and building distribution is concerned. In recent developments, a 1974-2010 building height limitation of 37 metres (121 ft) was raised to 50 m (160 ft) in central areas and 180 metres (590 ft) in some of Paris' peripheral quarters, yet for some of the city's more central quarters, even older building-height laws still remain in effect. The 210 metres (690 ft) Montparnasse tower was both Paris and France's tallest building until 1973, but this record has been held by the La Défense quarter Tour First tower in Courbevoie since its 2011 construction. A new project for La Defense, called Hermitage Plaza, launched in 2009, proposes to build two towers, 85 and 86 stories or 320 metres high, which would be the tallest buildings in the European Union, just slightly shorter than the Eiffel Tower. They were scheduled for completion in 2019 or 2020, but as of January 2015 construction had not yet begun, and there were questions in the press about the future of the project.

question: What is the current height limitation in Paris in central areas?, answer: 50 m | question: Until 1973, what was Paris; tallest building?, answer: Montparnasse | question: What is the name of the project for La Defense called that has not yet been started?, answer: Hermitage Plaza | question: When was the Hermitage Plaza launched?, answer: 2009 | question: How many towers were planned to be built?, answer: two