lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
In the early 21st century the Cypriot economy has diversified and become prosperous. However, in 2012 it became affected by the Eurozone financial and banking crisis. In June 2012, the Cypriot government announced it would need €1.8 billion in foreign aid to support the Cyprus Popular Bank, and this was followed by Fitch downgrading Cyprus's credit rating to junk status. Fitch said Cyprus would need an additional €4 billion to support its banks and the downgrade was mainly due to the exposure of Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank and Hellenic Bank, Cyprus's three largest banks, to the Greek financial crisis.

question: What affected the Cypriot economy in 2012?, answer: Eurozone financial and banking crisis | question: How much many did the Cypriot government initially announce it needed?, answer: €1.8 billion | question: What was the amount of additional money requested by Cyprus?, answer: €4 billion | question: What are the names of Cyprus' three largest banks?, answer: Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank and Hellenic Bank
In the early 21st century, Republican voters control most of the state, especially in the more rural and suburban areas outside of the cities; Democratic strength is mostly confined to the urban cores of the four major cities, and is particularly strong in the cities of Nashville and Memphis. The latter area includes a large African-American population. Historically, Republicans had their greatest strength in East Tennessee before the 1960s. Tennessee's 1st and 2nd congressional districts, based in the Tri-Cities and Knoxville, respectively, are among the few historically Republican districts in the South. Those districts' residents supported the Union over the Confederacy during the Civil War; they identified with the GOP after the war and have stayed with that party ever since. The 1st has been in Republican hands continuously since 1881, and Republicans (or their antecedents) have held it for all but four years since 1859. The 2nd has been held continuously by Republicans or their antecedents since 1859.

question: Which two Tennessee cities are most supportive of the Democratic Party?, answer: Nashville and Memphis | question: Which Tennessee city has the largest African-American population?, answer: Memphis | question: Which two eastern Tennessee congressional districts have the longest track record of favoring Republican candidates?, answer: 1st and 2nd | question: Since which year has Tennessee's 1st congressional district voted overwhelmingly Republican?, answer: 1881 | question: Which two Tennessee metropolitan areas have been most supportive of the Republican Party?, answer: Tri-Cities and Knoxville
In the early 21st century, the population of Paris began to increase slowly again, as more young people moved into the city. It reached 2.25 million in 2011. In March 2001, Bertrand Delanoë became the first socialist mayor of Paris. In 2007, in an effort to reduce car traffic in the city, he introduced the Vélib', a system which rents bicycles for the use of local residents and visitors. Bertrand Delanoë also transformed a section of the highway along the left bank of the Seine into an urban promenade and park, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine, which he inaugurated in June 2013.

question: What was the population of Paris in 2011?, answer: 2.25 million | question: Who was the first socialist mayor of Paris?, answer: Bertrand Delanoë | question: What is the system called that allows local residents to rent bicycles?, answer: Vélib' | question: When was the Promenade des Berges de la Seine inaugurated?, answer: June 2013
In the early 5th century, the deep crisis suffered by the Roman Empire allowed different tribes of Central Europe (Suebi, Vandals and Alani) to cross the Rhine and penetrate into the rule on 31 December 406. Its progress towards the Iberian Peninsula forced the Roman authorities to establish a treaty (foedus) by which the Suebi would settle peacefully and govern Galicia as imperial allies. So, from 409 Galicia was taken by the Suebi, forming the first medieval kingdom to be created in Europe, in 411, even before the fall of the Roman Empire, being also the first Germanic kingdom to mint coinage in Roman lands. During this period a Briton colony and bishopric (see Mailoc) was established in Northern Galicia (Britonia), probably as foederati and allies of the Suebi. In 585, the Visigothic King Leovigild invaded the Suebic kingdom of Galicia and defeated it, bringing it under Visigoth control.

question: At the end of which year did Central Europe tribes invade the Roman Empire?, answer: 406 | question: Which tribe did the Romans subsequently make a treaty with?, answer: Suebi | question: What was the name of the Briton colony formed in Northern Galicia?, answer: Britonia | question: Which Visigothic king took over control of Galicia from the Suebi?, answer: Leovigild | question: In which year did this happen?, answer: 585
In the early Heian period, the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Emperor Kammu sought to consolidate and expand his rule in northern Honshū, but the armies he sent to conquer the rebellious Emishi people lacked motivation and discipline, and failed in their task.[citation needed] Emperor Kammu introduced the title of sei'i-taishōgun (征夷大将軍) or Shogun, and began to rely on the powerful regional clans to conquer the Emishi. Skilled in mounted combat and archery (kyūdō), these clan warriors became the Emperor's preferred tool for putting down rebellions.[citation needed] Though this is the first known use of the "Shogun" title, it was a temporary title, and was not imbued with political power until the 13th century. At this time (the 7th to 9th century) the Imperial Court officials considered them merely a military section under the control of the Imperial Court.

question: In what period did Emperor Kammu rule?, answer: early Heian period | question: When was the early Heian?, answer: the late 8th and early 9th centuries | question: Who did Kammu fail to conquer?, answer: Emishi | question: What was the full title for Shogun?, answer: sei'i-taishōgun | question: Who introduced the Shogun concept?, answer: Emperor Kammu
In the early Sumerian Uruk period, the primitive pictograms suggest that sheep, goats, cattle, and pigs were domesticated. They used oxen as their primary beasts of burden and donkeys or equids as their primary transport animal and "woollen clothing as well as rugs were made from the wool or hair of the animals. ... By the side of the house was an enclosed garden planted with trees and other plants; wheat and probably other cereals were sown in the fields, and the shaduf was already employed for the purpose of irrigation. Plants were also grown in pots or vases."

question: When do the pictograms suggest Sumerians had domesticated livestock?, answer: Uruk period | question: What might be found by the side of a Sumerian house?, answer: enclosed garden planted with trees and other plants | question: What animal did Sumerians use primary to facilitate transportation?, answer: donkeys | question: What was the primary purpose of oxen for Sumerians?, answer: beasts of burden | question: Where were plants also grown besides the garden?, answer: pots or vases
In the early Western Han, a wealthy salt or iron industrialist, whether a semi-autonomous king or wealthy merchant, could boast funds that rivaled the imperial treasury and amass a peasant workforce of over a thousand. This kept many peasants away from their farms and denied the government a significant portion of its land tax revenue. To eliminate the influence of such private entrepreneurs, Emperor Wu nationalized the salt and iron industries in 117 BC and allowed many of the former industrialists to become officials administering the monopolies. By Eastern Han times, the central government monopolies were repealed in favor of production by commandery and county administrations, as well as private businessmen.

question: In which year did Emperor Wu monopolize several industries?, answer: 117 BC | question: Who allowed industrialists to become officials in the newly state sanctioned industries?, answer: Emperor Wu | question: During what period did the governmental monopolies become privatized once again?, answer: Eastern Han | question: What did Emperor Wu do to negate the influence of private entrepreneurs?, answer: nationalized the salt and iron industries | question: During what era could a wealthy iron industrialist be able to rival the treasury in funds?, answer: Western Han
In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century.

question: What were the most common type of matches in the early days of soccer?, answer: friendly matches (or "friendlies") | question: When did the Football League begin in England?, answer: 1888 | question: By what year had national football leagues been formed in nearly every country?, answer: 2000 | question: What did the growth of national leagues cause a serious decline in?, answer: the significance of friendlies
In the early decades of the twentieth century when there was a growing nostalgia for its sense of order, the style was revived and adapted and in the United States came to be known as the Colonial Revival. In Canada the United Empire Loyalists embraced Georgian architecture as a sign of their fealty to Britain, and the Georgian style was dominant in the country for most of the first half of the 19th century. The Grange, for example, a manor built in Toronto, was built in 1817. In Montreal, English born architect John Ostell worked on a significant number of remarkable constructions in the Georgian style such as the Old Montreal Custom House and the Grand séminaire de Montréal.

question: What was the revival of Georgian style in twentieth century United States called?, answer: Colonial Revival | question: Which Canadian group embraced Georgian architecture as a sign of fealty to Britain?, answer: United Empire Loyalists | question: What English born architect designed the Old Montreal Custom House?, answer: John Ostell | question: What Toronto building was built in 1817?, answer: The Grange
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of the attack, the U.S. was not officially at war anywhere in the world, which means that the people killed or property destroyed at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese attack had a non-combatant status.[nb 11] The Japanese had gambled that the United States, when faced with such a sudden and massive blow, would agree to a negotiated settlement and allow Japan free rein in Asia. This gamble did not pay off. American losses were less serious than initially thought: The American aircraft carriers, which would prove to be more important than battleships, were at sea, and vital naval infrastructure (fuel oil tanks, shipyard facilities, and a power station), submarine base, and signals intelligence units were unscathed. Japan's fallback strategy, relying on a war of attrition to make the U.S. come to terms, was beyond the IJN's capabilities.

question: How many U.S. battleships were incapacitated in the Pearl Harbor attacks?, answer: eight | question: Was America at war when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor?, answer: not officially at war | question: How many Americans died in the Pearl Harbor attacks?, answer: 2,403 | question: Why did Japan attack America?, answer: allow Japan free rein in Asia | question: What were the most vital American ships at the time of the attack?, answer: aircraft carriers | question: When did Japan launch the aattack on Pearl Harbor?, answer: 7 December | question: How many American battleships were put out of action in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?, answer: eight | question: How many US citizens were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?, answer: 2,403 | question: How many aircraft did the United States lose in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?, answer: 188 | question: Where were the American aircraft carriers during the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?, answer: at sea
In the early morning of 10 April, leading elements of the Austrian army crossed the Inn River and invaded Bavaria. The early Austrian attack surprised the French; Napoleon himself was still in Paris when he heard about the invasion. He arrived at Donauwörth on the 17th to find the Grande Armée in a dangerous position, with its two wings separated by 75 miles (121 km) and joined together by a thin cordon of Bavarian troops. Charles pressed the left wing of the French army and hurled his men towards the III Corps of Marshal Davout. In response, Napoleon came up with a plan to cut off the Austrians in the celebrated Landshut Maneuver. He realigned the axis of his army and marched his soldiers towards the town of Eckmühl. The French scored a convincing win in the resulting Battle of Eckmühl, forcing Charles to withdraw his forces over the Danube and into Bohemia. On 13 May, Vienna fell for the second time in four years, although the war continued since most of the Austrian army had survived the initial engagements in Southern Germany.

question: On what date did the Austrian army first cross the Inn River?, answer: 10 April | question: Where was Napoleon when he received news of an Austrian invasion?, answer: Paris | question: When Napoleon reached Donauwörth, how much distance were the wings of the Grande Armée separated by?, answer: 75 miles (121 km) | question: What was the name of the plan Napoleon devised to cut off the Austrians during battle?, answer: Landshut Maneuver | question: What was the name of the conflict where the French defeated Austrian forces and forced them to withdraw to Bohemia?, answer: Battle of Eckmühl
In the early part of the 20th century, Atlantic City went through a radical building boom. Many of the modest boarding houses that dotted the boardwalk were replaced with large hotels. Two of the city's most distinctive hotels were the Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel and the Traymore Hotel.

question: When did Atlantic City go through a radical building boom?, answer: early part of the 20th century | question: What replaced many of the modest boarding houses?, answer: large hotels | question: What were the names of two of the city's most distinctive hotels?, answer: Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel and the Traymore Hotel | question: What happened to Atlantic City in the early part of the 20th century?, answer: a radical building boom | question: Where were the modest boarding houses located before they were replaced by large hotels?, answer: the boardwalk
In the early part of the 20th century, San Diego hosted two World's Fairs: the Panama-California Exposition in 1915 and the California Pacific International Exposition in 1935. Both expositions were held in Balboa Park, and many of the Spanish/Baroque-style buildings that were built for those expositions remain to this day as central features of the park. The buildings were intended to be temporary structures, but most remained in continuous use until they progressively fell into disrepair. Most were eventually rebuilt, using castings of the original façades to retain the architectural style. The menagerie of exotic animals featured at the 1915 exposition provided the basis for the San Diego Zoo. During the 1950s there was a citywide festival called Fiesta del Pacifico highlighting the area's Spanish and Mexican past. In the 2010s there was a proposal for a large-scale celebration of the 100th anniversary of Balboa Park, but the plans were abandoned when the organization tasked with putting on the celebration went out of business.

question: What park in San Diego hosted two World Fairs near the beginning of the 20th century?, answer: Balboa Park | question: Where did many of the San Diego Zoo's exotic animals come from?, answer: Panama-California Exposition in 1915 | question: What festival was celebrated in the 1950s in recognition of the city's Mexican and Spanish past?, answer: Fiesta del Pacifico | question: What happened to many of the structures developed for the World Fairs?, answer: Most were eventually rebuilt, using castings of the original façades to retain the architectural style. | question: Which World Fair was hosted in San Diego in 1935?, answer: California Pacific International Exposition
In the early stages of the First Punic War (264 BC) the first known Roman gladiatorial munus was held, described as a funeral blood-rite to the manes of a Roman military aristocrat. The gladiator munus was never explicitly acknowledged as a human sacrifice, probably because death was not its inevitable outcome or purpose. Even so, the gladiators swore their lives to the infernal gods, and the combat was dedicated as an offering to the di manes or other gods. The event was therefore a sacrificium in the strict sense of the term, and Christian writers later condemned it as human sacrifice.

question: During what war was the first gladiator munus held?, answer: First Punic War | question: How was the gladiatorial combat described?, answer: funeral blood-rite | question: What was not the ultimate purpose of gladiatorial rites?, answer: death | question: In what way was gladiatorial combat considered?, answer: as an offering | question: How did later Christians view Gladiatorial combats?, answer: human sacrifice
In the early years of coverage the BBC had exclusive radio coverage with a picture of the pitch marked in the Radio Times with numbered squares to help the listener follow the match on the radio. The first FA Cup Final on Radio was in 1926 between Bolton Wanderers and Manchester City but this was only broadcast in Manchester, the first national final on BBC Radio was between Arsenal and Cardiff in 1927. The first final on BBC Television was in 1937 in a match which featured Sunderland and Preston North End but this was not televised in full. The following season's final between Preston and Huddersfield was covered in full by the BBC. When ITV was formed in 1955 they shared final coverage with the BBC in one of the only club matches shown live on television, during the 1970s and 1980s coverage became more elaborate with BBC and ITV trying to steal viewers from the others by starting coverage earlier and earlier some starting as early as 9 a.m. which was six hours before kick off. Nowadays, this continues with Setanta and ESPN having all-day broadcasts from Wembley, but terrestrial TV coverage usually begins two hours before kick off. The sharing of rights between BBC and ITV continued from 1955 to 1988, when ITV lost coverage to the new Sports Channel which later became Sky Sports.

question: Who used to brodcast the matches on the radio?, answer: the BBC | question: What was the first Fa cup radio broadcast?, answer: The first FA Cup Final on Radio was in 1926 | question: What clubs competed in the match?, answer: Bolton Wanderers and Manchester City | question: Wa the game broadcast in both cities?, answer: this was only broadcast in Manchester | question: So when was the firs national broadcast?, answer: the first national final on BBC Radio was between Arsenal and Cardiff in 1927
In the early years, Universal had a "clean picture" policy. However, by April 1927, Carl Laemmle considered this to be a mistake as "unclean pictures" from other studios were generating more profit while Universal was losing money.

question: what was the policy that Universal followed in its early years?, answer: "clean picture" | question: By what month and year did Laemmle change his opinion on "unclean pictures"?, answer: April 1927 | question: Why did Laemmle change his position on "unclean pictures"?, answer: Universal was losing money
In the east there is a Dutch Low Saxon dialect area, comprising the provinces of Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel, and parts of the province of Gelderland as well. The IJssel river roughly forms the linguistic watershed here. This group, though not being Low Franconian and being close to the neighbouring Low German, is regarded as Dutch, because of a number of reasons. From the 14th to 15th century onward, its urban centers (Deventer, Zwolle and Kampen as well as Zutphen and Doesburg) have been increasingly influenced by the western written Dutch and became a linguistically mixed area. From the 17th century onward, it was gradually integrated into the Dutch language area. In other words, this group is Dutch synchronically but not diachronically.[citation needed]

question: What dialect of Dutch is spoken in Drenthe?, answer: Dutch Low Saxon | question: What's the name of the river that marks a dialect divide in the Netherlands?, answer: IJssel | question: Although Dutch Low Saxon is similar to Low German, it's synchronically included with which language?, answer: Dutch | question: Which Dutch province is only partially comprised of speakers of Dutch low Saxon?, answer: Gelderland | question: When did cities like Diventer and Zutphen start becoming more linguistically diverse?, answer: 14th to 15th century
In the east, while snowfall does not approach western levels, the region near the Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast receive the most. Along the northwestern Pacific coast, rainfall is greater than anywhere else in the continental U.S., with Quinault Rainforest in Washington having an average of 137 inches (348 cm). Hawaii receives even more, with 460 inches (1,168 cm) measured annually on Mount Waialeale, in Kauai. The Mojave Desert, in the southwest, is home to the driest locale in the U.S. Yuma, Arizona, has an average of 2.63 inches (6.7 cm) of precipitation each year.

question: Which region of the US receives the most amount of rainfall?, answer: northwestern Pacific coast | question: What is the average amount of rainfall that the Quinault rainforest in Washington receives?, answer: 137 inches | question: Which regions in the East receives the most amount of snowfall?, answer: Great Lakes and the mountains of the Northeast | question: Which state receives an average of 460 inches of rainfall per year?, answer: Hawaii | question: What is the name of the desert that is located in the driest region in the US?, answer: Mojave Desert
In the everyday world, many individuals sought to divine the future, influence it through magic, or seek vengeance with help from "private" diviners. The state-sanctioned taking of auspices was a form of public divination with the intent of ascertaining the will of the gods, not foretelling the future. Secretive consultations between private diviners and their clients were thus suspect. So were divinatory techniques such as astrology when used for illicit, subversive or magical purposes. Astrologers and magicians were officially expelled from Rome at various times, notably in 139 BC and 33 BC. In 16 BC Tiberius expelled them under extreme penalty because an astrologer had predicted his death. "Egyptian rites" were particularly suspect: Augustus banned them within the pomerium to doubtful effect; Tiberius repeated and extended the ban with extreme force in AD 19. Despite several Imperial bans, magic and astrology persisted among all social classes. In the late 1st century AD, Tacitus observed that astrologers "would always be banned and always retained at Rome".

question: What type of diviners were suspect in Rome?, answer: private diviners | question: What was the purpose to be discovered by state sanctioned diviners?, answer: will of the gods | question: What action was not to be sought by state diviners?, answer: foretelling the future | question: What group of people were several times expelled from Rome?, answer: Astrologers and magicians | question: What had an astrologer predicted to warrant from Rome by Tiberius?, answer: death