lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
When performing lossy audio encoding, such as creating an MP3 file, there is a trade-off between the amount of space used and the sound quality of the result. Typically, the creator is allowed to set a bit rate, which specifies how many kilobits the file may use per second of audio. The higher the bit rate, the larger the compressed file will be, and, generally, the closer it will sound to the original file.

question: A typical trade off when creating an MP3 file is between the amount of space used and what other factor?, answer: sound quality of the result | question: What would an example of lossy audio encoding be?, answer: creating an MP3 file | question: Who gets to set the bit rate for an MP3 file?, answer: the creator | question: What does the bit rate of the file actually mean?, answer: how many kilobits the file may use per second of audio | question: If the bit rate is higher, the size of the compressed file will be what?, answer: larger
When power is lost in a traction elevator system, all elevators will initially come to a halt. One by one, each car in the group will return to the lobby floor, open its doors and shut down. People in the remaining elevators may see an indicator light or hear a voice announcement informing them that the elevator will return to the lobby shortly. Once all cars have successfully returned, the system will then automatically select one or more cars to be used for normal operations and these cars will return to service. The car(s) selected to run under emergency power can be manually overridden by a key or strip switch in the lobby. In order to help prevent entrapment, when the system detects that it is running low on power, it will bring the running cars to the lobby or nearest floor, open the doors and shut down.

question: What sequence of events happens when the power shuts off in a traction elevator and the elevators all stop?, answer: One by one, each car in the group will return to the lobby floor, open its doors and shut down | question: What do any passengers experience at this point?, answer: People in the remaining elevators may see an indicator light or hear a voice announcement informing them that the elevator will return to the lobby shortly | question: After all cars go to the lobby, what is the next step?, answer: the system will then automatically select one or more cars to be used for normal operations and these cars will return to service | question: How are the selected cars then readied for passengers?, answer: The car(s) selected to run under emergency power can be manually overridden by a key or strip switch in the lobby | question: What is a safety feature to prevent entrapment?, answer: when the system detects that it is running low on power, it will bring the running cars to the lobby or nearest floor, open the doors and shut down
When revolutionary France declared war on Great Britain in 1793, the United States sought to remain neutral, but the Jay Treaty, which was favorable to Great Britain, angered the French government, which viewed it as a violation of the 1778 Treaty of Alliance. French privateers began to seize U.S. vessels, which led to an undeclared "Quasi-War" between the two nations. Fought at sea from 1798 to 1800, the United States won a string of victories in the Caribbean. George Washington was called out of retirement to head a "provisional army" in case of invasion by France, but President John Adams managed to negotiate a truce, in which France agreed to terminate the prior alliance and cease its attacks.

question: What was the US policy when France declared war on England in 1793?, answer: to remain neutral | question: What treaty with England conflicted with the United States' Treaty of Alliance with France?, answer: the Jay Treaty | question: Where did US ships and French privateers fight between 1798 and 1800?, answer: the Caribbean | question: What US President negotiated a truce with France to end the undeclared war at sea?, answer: John Adams | question: When was the Treaty of Alliance with France signed?, answer: 1778
When talking about the German language, the term German dialects is only used for the traditional regional varieties. That allows them to be distinguished from the regional varieties of modern standard German.

question: When is the term 'German dialects' used in regard to the German language?, answer: traditional regional varieties | question: What are traditional region varieties of German distinguished from?, answer: the regional varieties of modern standard German
When the Archbishop of Canterbury, Hubert Walter, died on 13 July 1205, John became involved in a dispute with Pope Innocent III that would lead to the king's excommunication. The Norman and Angevin kings had traditionally exercised a great deal of power over the church within their territories. From the 1040s onwards, however, successive popes had put forward a reforming message that emphasised the importance of the church being "governed more coherently and more hierarchically from the centre" and established "its own sphere of authority and jurisdiction, separate from and independent of that of the lay ruler", in the words of historian Richard Huscroft. After the 1140s, these principles had been largely accepted within the English church, albeit with an element of concern about centralising authority in Rome. These changes brought the customary rights of lay rulers such as John over ecclesiastical appointments into question. Pope Innocent was, according to historian Ralph Turner, an "ambitious and aggressive" religious leader, insistent on his rights and responsibilities within the church.

question: When did Hubert Walter die?, answer: 13 July 1205 | question: What lead to the king's excommunication?, answer: a dispute with Pope Innocent III | question: Who said Pope Innocent was an ambitious and aggressive religious leader?, answer: historian Ralph Turner
When the Central Junta fell to the French, numerous new Juntas appeared all across the Americas, eventually resulting in a chain of newly independent countries stretching from Argentina and Chile in the south, to Mexico in the north. After the death of the king Ferdinand VII, in 1833, only Cuba and Puerto Rico remained under Spanish rule, until the Spanish–American War in 1898. Unlike the Spanish, the Portuguese did not divide their colonial territory in America. The captaincies they created were subdued to a centralized administration in Salvador (later relocated to Rio de Janeiro) which reported directly to the Portuguese Crown until its independence in 1822, becoming the Empire of Brazil.

question: Who did the central Junta fall to?, answer: the French | question: What king died in 1833?, answer: king Ferdinand VII | question: After King Ferdinand died, who remained under Spanish rule?, answer: Cuba and Puerto Rico | question: When did the Spanish-American war occur?, answer: in 1898 | question: Where were the Portuguese capacities centralized?, answer: Salvador
When the Emancipation Proclamation was announced, Tennessee was mostly held by Union forces. Thus, Tennessee was not among the states enumerated in the Proclamation, and the Proclamation did not free any slaves there. Nonetheless, enslaved African Americans escaped to Union lines to gain freedom without waiting for official action. Old and young, men, women and children camped near Union troops. Thousands of former slaves ended up fighting on the Union side, nearly 200,000 in total across the South.

question: Which forces controlled most of Tennessee when slaves were emancipated?, answer: Union | question: Up to how many former slaves began fighting with for the Union after the Emancipation Proclamation?, answer: 200,000 | question: Which edict freed slaves across most of the Confederacy, but technically not Tennessee?, answer: Emancipation Proclamation
When the Federal Reserve makes a purchase, it credits the seller's reserve account (with the Federal Reserve). This money is not transferred from any existing funds—it is at this point that the Federal Reserve has created new high-powered money. Commercial banks can freely withdraw in cash any excess reserves from their reserve account at the Federal Reserve. To fulfill those requests, the Federal Reserve places an order for printed money from the U.S. Treasury Department. The Treasury Department in turn sends these requests to the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (to print new dollar bills) and the Bureau of the Mint (to stamp the coins).

question: Who can create "new high-powered money"?, answer: Federal Reserve | question: Who does the Federal Reserve have to place an order with for printed money?, answer: U.S. Treasury Department | question: Which organization stamps coins?, answer: Bureau of the Mint | question: Which Bureau prints new dollars?, answer: Engraving and Printing | question: Who can freely withdraw from their reserve accounts at the Federal Reserve?, answer: Commercial banks
When the Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops. The territory of the bishopric not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast. The feudal conflict of the Middle Ages heavily affected Utrecht. The prince-bishopric was involved in almost continuous conflicts with the Counts of Holland and the Dukes of Guelders. The Veluwe region was seized by Guelders, but large areas in the modern province of Overijssel remained as the Oversticht.

question: What hapend when Frankish rulers established the system of feudalism, answer: the Bishops of Utrecht came to exercise worldly power as prince-bishops | question: What was part of the territory of bishopric, answer: not only included the modern province of Utrecht (Nedersticht, 'lower Sticht'), but also extended to the northeast | question: What conflict affected Utrecht, answer: The feudal conflict of the Middle Ages heavily affected Utrecht | question: Who was in conflict with the prince bishopric, answer: the Counts of Holland and the Dukes of Guelders | question: What region was seized, answer: The Veluwe region was seized by Guelders
When the GHMC was created in 2007, the area occupied by the municipality increased from 175 km2 (68 sq mi) to 650 km2 (250 sq mi). Consequently, the population increased by 87%, from 3,637,483 in the 2001 census to 6,809,970 in the 2011 census, 24% of which are migrants from elsewhere in India,:2 making Hyderabad the nation's fourth most populous city. As of 2011[update], the population density is 18,480/km2 (47,900/sq mi). At the same 2011 census, the Hyderabad Urban Agglomeration had a population of 7,749,334, making it the sixth most populous urban agglomeration in the country. The population of the Hyderabad urban agglomeration has since been estimated by electoral officials to be 9.1 million as of early 2013 but is expected to exceed 10 million by the end of the year. There are 3,500,802 male and 3,309,168 female citizens—a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 926 per 1000. Among children aged 0–6 years, 373,794 are boys and 352,022 are girls—a ratio of 942 per 1000. Literacy stands at 82.96% (male 85.96%; female 79.79%), higher than the national average of 74.04%. The socio-economic strata consist of 20% upper class, 50% middle class and 30% working class.

question: What was the area of Hyderabad before the GHMC?, answer: 175 km2 (68 sq mi) | question: What was the population of Hyderabad in the 2011 census?, answer: 6,809,970 | question: How many females were in Hyderabad for the 2011 census?, answer: 3,309,168 | question: What is the literacy rate of Hyderabad?, answer: 82.96% | question: What was the population density in Hyderabad in 2011?, answer: 18,480/km2 (47,900/sq mi)
When the Majority Leader's party loses control of the House, and if the Speaker and Majority Leader both remain in the leadership hierarchy, convention suggests that they would become the Minority Leader and Minority Whip, respectively. As the minority party has one less leadership position after losing the speaker's chair, there may be a contest for the remaining leadership positions. Nancy Pelosi is the most recent example of an outgoing Speaker seeking the Minority Leader post to retain the House party leadership, as the Democrats lost control of the House in the 2010 elections. Outgoing Speaker Nancy Pelosi ran successfully for Minority Leader in the 112th Congress.

question: Does the minority or majority party have more leadership positions in House?, answer: minority party has one less leadership position | question: What role did Pelosi win in 112th Congress?, answer: Minority Leader | question: What party lost control of House in 2010 elections?, answer: Democrats
When the U.S. entered World War I he immediately requested an overseas assignment but was again denied and then assigned to Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas. In February 1918 he was transferred to Camp Meade in Maryland with the 65th Engineers. His unit was later ordered to France but to his chagrin he received orders for the new tank corps, where he was promoted to brevet Lieutenant Colonel in the National Army. He commanded a unit that trained tank crews at Camp Colt – his first command – at the site of "Pickett's Charge" on the Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Civil War battleground. Though Eisenhower and his tank crews never saw combat, he displayed excellent organizational skills, as well as an ability to accurately assess junior officers' strengths and make optimal placements of personnel.

question: What military installation was Eisenhower assigned to when the United States entered the First World War?, answer: Ft. Leavenworth | question: What unit did Eisenhower serve with at Camp Meade?, answer: 65th Engineers | question: To what rank was Eisenhower brevetted after being transferred to the tank corps?, answer: Lieutenant Colonel | question: What famous military event occurred at the site of Camp Colt?, answer: Pickett's Charge | question: In what state was Camp Meade located?, answer: Maryland
When the White House is controlled by the House majority party, then the House minority leader assumes a larger role in formulating alternatives to executive branch initiatives and in acting as a national spokesperson for his or her party. "As Minority Leader during [President Lyndon Johnson's] Democratic administration, my responsibility has been to propose Republican alternatives," said Minority Leader Gerald Ford, R-MI. Greatly outnumbered in the House, Minority Leader Ford devised a political strategy that allowed Republicans to offer their alternatives in a manner that provided them political protection. As Ford explained:

question: What is the difference in role for Minority leader when majority party holds white house?, answer: assumes a larger role in formulating alternatives to executive branch initiatives and in acting as a national spokesperson for his or her party | question: What was Gerald Ford's role as minority leader under Johnson administration?, answer: propose Republican alternatives | question: What did Ford's alternatives provide for republican's?, answer: political protection
When the Xbox 360 was released, Microsoft's online gaming service Xbox Live was shut down for 24 hours and underwent a major upgrade, adding a basic non-subscription service called Xbox Live Silver (later renamed Xbox Live Free) to its already established premium subscription-based service (which was renamed Gold). Xbox Live Free is included with all SKUs of the console. It allows users to create a user profile, join on message boards, and access Microsoft's Xbox Live Arcade and Marketplace and talk to other members. A Live Free account does not generally support multiplayer gaming; however, some games that have rather limited online functions already, (such as Viva Piñata) or games that feature their own subscription service (e.g. EA Sports games) can be played with a Free account. Xbox Live also supports voice the latter a feature possible with the Xbox Live Vision.

question: What was the name of the non-subscription Xbox online gaming service?, answer: Xbox Live Silver | question: What was the "color" name given to the premium version of Xbox Live?, answer: Gold | question: What key feature is not supported by the free version of Live?, answer: multiplayer gaming | question: Which popular gaming titles have their own online service outside Xbox Live?, answer: EA Sports games | question: Voice support came online with what feature addition?, answer: Xbox Live Vision
When the act is assented to by the sovereign in person, or by empowered Royal Commissioners, royal assent is considered given at the moment when the assent is declared in the presence of both houses jointly assembled. When the procedure created by the Royal Assent Act 1967 is followed, assent is considered granted when the presiding officers of both houses, having received the letters patent from the king or queen signifying the assent, have notified their respective house of the grant of royal assent. Thus, if each presiding officer makes the announcement at a different time (for instance because one house is not sitting on a certain date), assent is regarded as effective when the second announcement is made. This is important because, under British Law, unless there is any provision to the contrary, an act takes effect on the date on which it receives royal assent and that date is not regarded as being the date when the letters patent are signed, or when they are delivered to the presiding officers of each house, but the date on which both houses have been formally acquainted of the assent.

question: When assent is granted in person, when is it formally considered final?, answer: when the assent is declared in the presence of both houses jointly assembled | question: An assent is considered granted when applying the Royal Assent Act 1967 when both presiding officers have done what?, answer: notified their respective house of the grant of royal assent | question: When is assent effective if the presiding officers inform their houses at different times?, answer: when the second announcement is made
When the alloy cools and solidifies (crystallizes), its mechanical properties will often be quite different from those of its individual constituents. A metal that is normally very soft and malleable, such as aluminium, can be altered by alloying it with another soft metal, like copper. Although both metals are very soft and ductile, the resulting aluminium alloy will be much harder and stronger. Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron produces an alloy called steel. Due to its very-high strength and toughness (which is much higher than pure iron), and its ability to be greatly altered by heat treatment, steel is one of the most common alloys in modern use. By adding chromium to steel, its resistance to corrosion can be enhanced, creating stainless steel, while adding silicon will alter its electrical characteristics, producing silicon steel.

question: How is steel produced?, answer: Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron | question: What kind of metal is soft like copper?, answer: aluminium | question: What can be added to steel to enhance is corrosion resistance?, answer: chromium | question: What is superior to pure iron?, answer: steel | question: What is another word for when alloys solidify?, answer: crystallizes
When the board has no embedded components it is more correctly called a printed wiring board (PWB) or etched wiring board. However, the term printed wiring board has fallen into disuse. A PCB populated with electronic components is called a printed circuit assembly (PCA), printed circuit board assembly or PCB assembly (PCBA). The IPC preferred term for assembled boards is circuit card assembly (CCA), and for assembled backplanes it is backplane assemblies. The term PCB is used informally both for bare and assembled boards.

question: What's the abbreviation for a printed wiring board?, answer: PWB | question: What organization likes the term "circuit card assembly" for boards that have already been assembled?, answer: IPC | question: What would we call a printed circuit board with embedded electronics, abbreviated PCA?, answer: printed circuit assembly | question: What's the more appropriate, but mostly unused, name for a printed circuit board when it doesn't have embedded components?, answer: printed wiring board | question: What abbreviation would the IPC use for an assembled circuit board?, answer: CCA
When the news arrived at Paris of the surrender at Sedan of Napoleon III and 80,000 men, the Second Empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in Paris, which forced the proclamation of a Provisional Government and a Third Republic by general Trochu, Favre and Gambetta at Paris on 4 September, the new government calling itself the Government of National Defence. After the German victory at Sedan, most of the French standing army was either besieged in Metz or prisoner of the Germans, who hoped for an armistice and an end to the war. Bismarck wanted an early peace but had difficulty in finding a legitimate French authority with which to negotiate. The Government of National Defence had no electoral mandate, the Emperor was a captive and the Empress in exile but there had been no abdication de jure and the army was still bound by an oath of allegiance to the defunct imperial régime.

question: Whose surrender hit Paris as big news?, answer: Napoleon III | question: Which empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in Paris?, answer: the Second Empire | question: The uprising forced a proclamation of what?, answer: Provisional Government and a Third Republic | question: How did the new government refer to itself?, answer: Government of National Defence | question: Bismarck desired an early piece but lacked what in the negotiation process?, answer: a legitimate French authority
When the news arrived in England it caused an outcry. In response, a combined bounty of £1,000 was offered for Every's capture by the Privy Council and East India Company, leading to the first worldwide manhunt in recorded history. The plunder of Aurangzeb's treasure ship had serious consequences for the English East India Company. The furious Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb ordered Sidi Yaqub and Nawab Daud Khan to attack and close four of the company's factories in India and imprison their officers, who were almost lynched by a mob of angry Mughals, blaming them for their countryman's depredations, and threatened to put an end to all English trading in India. To appease Emperor Aurangzeb and particularly his Grand Vizier Asad Khan, Parliament exempted Every from all of the Acts of Grace (pardons) and amnesties it would subsequently issue to other pirates.

question: Who caused the first worldwide manhunt?, answer: Every | question: What was the total bounty offered for Captian Every after England heard that the Ganj-i-Sawai was taken, answer: £1,000 | question: Captian Every was the focus of the first recorded worldwide.... what in history?, answer: manhunt | question: What was the name of the council that offered part of the bounty for Captain Every, answer: Privy Council | question: Who took 4 East India ship and arrested their officers as a reaction to the attack on Ganj-i-Sawai, answer: Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb | question: Due to the danger the Captian Every put the trading abiliy of East India Company what Act would he never qualify for that other pirate were later offered?, answer: Acts of Grace