lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Sunlight is also captured by plants as chemical potential energy in photosynthesis, when carbon dioxide and water (two low-energy compounds) are converted into the high-energy compounds carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Plants also release oxygen during photosynthesis, which is utilized by living organisms as an electron acceptor, to release the energy of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Release of the energy stored during photosynthesis as heat or light may be triggered suddenly by a spark, in a forest fire, or it may be made available more slowly for animal or human metabolism, when these molecules are ingested, and catabolism is triggered by enzyme action.

question: What is also captured by plants as chemical potential energy in photosynthesis?, answer: Sunlight | question: What do plants release during photosynthesis?, answer: oxygen | question: What may be triggered suddenly by a spark?, answer: Release of the energy stored during photosynthesis | question: What are two low-energy compounds?, answer: carbon dioxide and water
Sunlight may be stored as gravitational potential energy after it strikes the Earth, as (for example) water evaporates from oceans and is deposited upon mountains (where, after being released at a hydroelectric dam, it can be used to drive turbines or generators to produce electricity). Sunlight also drives many weather phenomena, save those generated by volcanic events. An example of a solar-mediated weather event is a hurricane, which occurs when large unstable areas of warm ocean, heated over months, give up some of their thermal energy suddenly to power a few days of violent air movement.

question: This drives many weather phenomena, save those generated by volcanic events., answer: Sunlight | question: When may sunlight be stored as gravitational potential energy?, answer: after it strikes the Earth | question: What is an example of a solar-mediated weather event?, answer: hurricane | question: What occurs when large unstable areas of warm ocean, heated over months, give up some of their thermal energy suddenly to power a few days of violent air movement?, answer: hurricane
Supercomputers in particular often have highly unique architectures that differ significantly from the basic stored-program architecture and from general purpose computers. They often feature thousands of CPUs, customized high-speed interconnects, and specialized computing hardware. Such designs tend to be useful only for specialized tasks due to the large scale of program organization required to successfully utilize most of the available resources at once. Supercomputers usually see usage in large-scale simulation, graphics rendering, and cryptography applications, as well as with other so-called "embarrassingly parallel" tasks.

question: How many CPUs do supercomputers typically possess?, answer: thousands | question: What is the name of a computer that has many CPUs and much more powerful?, answer: Supercomputers
Superscalar computers may contain multiple ALUs, allowing them to process several instructions simultaneously. Graphics processors and computers with SIMD and MIMD features often contain ALUs that can perform arithmetic on vectors and matrices.

question: Computers that have multiple ALUs are called what?, answer: Superscalar
Support for the LRC was boosted by the 1901 Taff Vale Case, a dispute between strikers and a railway company that ended with the union being ordered to pay £23,000 damages for a strike. The judgement effectively made strikes illegal since employers could recoup the cost of lost business from the unions. The apparent acquiescence of the Conservative Government of Arthur Balfour to industrial and business interests (traditionally the allies of the Liberal Party in opposition to the Conservative's landed interests) intensified support for the LRC against a government that appeared to have little concern for the industrial proletariat and its problems.

question: What boosted support in 1901?, answer: Taff Vale Case | question: What was the Taft Vale Case?, answer: a dispute between strikers and a railway company | question: From this case, what happened?, answer: made strikes illegal | question: How much were they ordered to pay in damages for the strike?, answer: £23,000
Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U.S.-led military action have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan, which has disowned its earlier support for the Taliban and contributed tens of thousands of soldiers to the conflict. Pakistan was also engaged in the War in North-West Pakistan (Waziristan War). Supported by U.S. intelligence, Pakistan was attempting to remove the Taliban insurgency and al-Qaeda element from the northern tribal areas.

question: What were the countries who supported the US's post-9/11 invasions called?, answer: the "coalition of the willing" | question: Which country disavowed the Taliban?, answer: Pakistan | question: How many soldiers did Pakistan contribute to fight the Taliban?, answer: tens of thousands | question: Where in Pakistan is Waziristan?, answer: North-West | question: Where did Pakistan try to remove the Taliban and Al-Qaeda?, answer: northern tribal areas
Sure South Atlantic Ltd ("Sure") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Africa, is received by a satellite dish at Bryant's Beacon from Intelsat 7 in the Ku band.

question: What does Sure South Atlantic LTD offer?, answer: television | question: How many analogue terrestrial UHF channels does Sure South Atlantic LTD have?, answer: 17 | question: What is the feed signal of Sure South Atlantic received by?, answer: a satellite dish
Surface-mount technology emerged in the 1960s, gained momentum in the early 1980s and became widely used by the mid-1990s. Components were mechanically redesigned to have small metal tabs or end caps that could be soldered directly onto the PCB surface, instead of wire leads to pass through holes. Components became much smaller and component placement on both sides of the board became more common than with through-hole mounting, allowing much smaller PCB assemblies with much higher circuit densities. Surface mounting lends itself well to a high degree of automation, reducing labor costs and greatly increasing production rates. Components can be supplied mounted on carrier tapes. Surface mount components can be about one-quarter to one-tenth of the size and weight of through-hole components, and passive components much cheaper; prices of semiconductor surface mount devices (SMDs) are determined more by the chip itself than the package, with little price advantage over larger packages. Some wire-ended components, such as 1N4148 small-signal switch diodes, are actually significantly cheaper than SMD equivalents.

question: When did surface-mount become a commonly used manufacturing process?, answer: mid-1990s | question: What did the new components with end tabs replace?, answer: wire leads | question: What improvement is possible with surface-mounting that enables higher production and lower labor costs?, answer: automation | question: What are SMDs?, answer: surface mount devices | question: Is it the chip or the package that influences the price of an SMD more?, answer: chip
Surrounded by the Yangtze River and mountains, Nanjing also enjoys beautiful natural scenery. Natural lakes such as Xuanwu Lake and Mochou Lake are located in the centre of the city and are easily accessible to the public, while hills like Purple Mountain are covered with evergreens and oaks and host various historical and cultural sites. Sun Quan relocated his capital to Nanjing after Liu Bei's suggestion as Liu Bei was impressed by Nanjing's impeccable geographic position when negotiating an alliance with Sun Quan. Sun Quan then renamed the city from Moling (秣陵) to Jianye (建鄴) shortly thereafter.

question: What lakes are in the middle of Nanjing?, answer: Xuanwu Lake and Mochou Lake | question: What type of trees are on Purple Mountain?, answer: evergreens and oaks | question: Who convinced Sun Quan to make Nanjing his capital?, answer: Liu Bei | question: What impressed Liu Bei so much about Nanjing?, answer: Nanjing's impeccable geographic position | question: What is Nanjing surrounded by?, answer: the Yangtze River and mountains
Surveys show that red is the color most associated with courage. In western countries red is a symbol of martyrs and sacrifice, particularly because of its association with blood. Beginning in the Middle Ages, the Pope and Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church wore red to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs. The banner of the Christian soldiers in the First Crusade was a red cross on a white field, the St. George's Cross. According to Christian tradition, Saint George was a Roman soldier who was a member of the guards of the Emperor Diocletian, who refused to renounce his Christian faith and was martyred. The Saint George's Cross became the Flag of England in the 16th century, and now is part of the Union Flag of the United Kingdom, as well as the Flag of the Republic of Georgia.

question: What trait do people most commonly link red with?, answer: courage | question: Why did the Popes of the middle ages wear red?, answer: to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs | question: What was depicted on the banners of Christians in the First crusade?, answer: a red cross on a white field | question: What is the cross on the banners used during the First Crusade known as?, answer: St. George's Cross | question: Who was Saint George believed to be?, answer: a Roman soldier
Surviving remains of 12th century merchants' houses such as King John's House and Canute's Palace are evidence of the wealth that existed in the town at this time. In 1348, the Black Death reached England via merchant vessels calling at Southampton.

question: Ruins of merchants' homes that survive today are evidence that Southampton had rich people in what century?, answer: 12th | question: What plague made it to England because of all the ships visiting Southampton in the 14th century?, answer: Black Death | question: What year did the Black Death arrive in England for the first time?, answer: 1348 | question: In addition to King John's House, what's the name of another rich merchant's dwelling that still partly remains?, answer: Canute's Palace
Sven-Göran Eriksson took charge of the team between 2001 and 2006, and was the first non–English manager of England. Despite controversial press coverage of his personal life, Eriksson was consistently popular with the majority of fans.[citation needed] He guided England to the quarter-finals of the 2002 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2004, and the 2006 FIFA World Cup. He lost only five competitive matches during his tenure, and England rose to an No.4 world ranking under his guidance. His contract was extended by the Football Association by two years, to include UEFA Euro 2008. However, it was terminated by them at the 2006 FIFA World Cup's conclusion.

question: Who was the first non-English person to manage England's football team?, answer: Sven-Göran Eriksson | question: How many competitive matches were lost under the tenure of manager Sven-Göran Eriksson?, answer: five | question: What was the highest world ranking achieved by England under management by Sven-Göran Eriksson?, answer: No.4 | question: In what year was the contract of Sven-Göran Eriksson terminated?, answer: 2006 | question: In what year did Sven-Göran Eriksson become the manager of England's football team?, answer: 2001
Swayambhu is a Buddhist stupa atop a hillock at the northwestern part of the city. This is among the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Although the site is considered Buddhist, it is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus. The stupa consists of a dome at the base; above the dome, there is a cubic structure with the eyes of Buddha looking in all four directions.[clarification needed] There are pentagonal Toran above each of the four sides, with statues engraved on them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which lies a gajur.

question: In what part of Kathmandu is Swayambhu located?, answer: northwestern | question: What faith does Swayambhu belong to?, answer: Buddhist | question: Other than Buddhists, who worships at Swayambhu?, answer: Hindus | question: In how many directions does the Buddha of Swayambhu look?, answer: four | question: In Swayambhu, what is present in the small area above the tiers?, answer: gajur
Swaziland derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Swaziland the surname of whose royal house remains Nkhosi Dlamini. Nkhosi literally means "king". Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Swaziland, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The Emakhandzambili clans were initially incorporated into the kingdom with wide autonomy, often including grants of special ritual and political status. The extent of their autonomy however was drastically curtailed by Mswati, who attacked and subdued some of them in the 1850s.

question: What is the literal translation of Nkhosi?, answer: king | question: What did Mswati II do to the land controlled by Swaziland during his reign?, answer: greatly extended the area of the country | question: In terms of the most successful Swaziland kings in battle, who was the best?, answer: Mswati II | question: What groups did Mswati attack in the mid 19th century?, answer: Emakhandzambili clans | question: Where does the name Swaziland originate?, answer: Mswati II. KaNgwane
Swaziland is a developing country with a small economy. Its GDP per capita of $9,714 means it is classified as a country with a lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local trading partner is South Africa. Swaziland's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand. Swaziland's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided by its agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations.

question: What is the per capita GDP of Swaziland?, answer: $9,714 | question: What is the SACU?, answer: Southern African Customs Union | question: What is the lilangeni?, answer: Swaziland's currency | question: What does the acronym COMESA represent?, answer: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa | question: What form of currency is the lilangeni fixed to?, answer: South African rand
Swaziland's currency is pegged to the South African Rand, subsuming Swaziland's monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. Swaziland is not poor enough to merit an IMF program; however, the country is struggling to reduce the size of the civil service and control costs at public enterprises. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign direct investment.

question: What currency is Swaziland bound to?, answer: South African Rand | question: Which nation does Swazi defer to when it comes to monetary policy?, answer: South Africa | question: Duties from customs represent what amount of Swaziland government revenue?, answer: as much as 70% | question: From where does Swaziland get customs revenue?, answer: Southern African Customs Union
Swaziland's most well-known cultural event is the annual Umhlanga Reed Dance. In the eight-day ceremony, girls cut reeds and present them to the queen mother and then dance. (There is no formal competition.) It is done in late August or early September. Only childless, unmarried girls can take part. The aims of the ceremony are to preserve girls' chastity, provide tribute labour for the Queen mother, and to encourage solidarity by working together. The royal family appoints a commoner maiden to be "induna" (captain) of the girls and she announces over the radio the dates of the ceremony. She will be an expert dancer and knowledgeable on royal protocol. One of the King's daughters will be her counterpart.

question: What is the most widely known event in Swazi culture?, answer: Umhlanga Reed Dance. | question: How long is the Umhlanga Reed Dance?, answer: eight | question: During what time of year is the Umhlanga Reed Dance?, answer: late August or early September | question: What individuals can take part in the Umhlanga Reed Dance?, answer: childless, unmarried girls | question: As it relates to girls, what is the purpose of the Umhlanga Reed Dance?, answer: to preserve girls' chastity
Sweet desserts such as galaktoboureko, and drinks such as ouzo, metaxa and a variety of wines including retsina. Greek cuisine differs widely from different parts of the mainland and from island to island. It uses some flavorings more often than other Mediterranean cuisines: oregano, mint, garlic, onion, dill and bay laurel leaves. Other common herbs and spices include basil, thyme and fennel seed. Many Greek recipes, especially in the northern parts of the country, use "sweet" spices in combination with meat, for example cinnamon and cloves in stews.

question: What is the name of one sweet dessert in Greece?, answer: galaktoboureko | question: What is one of the flavorings commonly used in Greek Mediterranean food?, answer: oregano | question: What is one of the sweet spices Greeks like to use with meat?, answer: cinnamon
Swiss are fans of football and the national team is nicknamed the 'Nati'. The headquarters of the sport's governing body, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), is located in Zürich. Switzerland hosted the 1954 FIFA World Cup, and was the joint host, with Austria, of the Euro 2008 tournament. The Swiss Super League is the nation's professional club league. For the Brasil 2014 World Cup finals tournament, the country's German-speaking cantons will be closely monitored by local police forces to prevent celebrations beyond one hour after matches end. Europe's highest football pitch, at 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) above sea level, is located in Switzerland and is named the Ottmar Hitzfeld Stadium.

question: What is the nickname for the Swiss national football team?, answer: Nati | question: What does FIFA stand for?, answer: International Federation of Association Football | question: Where is Europe's highest football pitch located?, answer: Switzerland | question: Where is the FIFA located?, answer: Zürich | question: Which FIFA world cup did Switzerland host?, answer: 1954
Swiss citizens are universally required to buy health insurance from private insurance companies, which in turn are required to accept every applicant. While the cost of the system is among the highest it compares well with other European countries in terms of health outcomes; patients who are citizens have been reported as being, in general, highly satisfied with it. In 2012, life expectancy at birth was 80.4 years for men and 84.7 years for women — the highest in the world. However, spending on health is particularly high at 11.4% of GDP (2010), on par with Germany and France (11.6%) and other European countries, and notably less than spending in the USA (17.6%). From 1990, a steady increase can be observed, reflecting the high costs of the services provided. With an ageing population and new healthcare technologies, health spending will likely continue to rise.

question: Who are Swiss citizens required to buy health insurance from?, answer: private insurance companies | question: Who are private insurance companies required to accept?, answer: every applicant | question: In 2012, what was Switzerland's world ranking for life expectancy in 2012?, answer: highest | question: What population will cause health spending to likely rise in the future?, answer: ageing | question: What do new high tech healthcare technologies translate to?, answer: high costs of the services provided
Swiss private-public managed road network is funded by road tolls and vehicle taxes. The Swiss autobahn/autoroute system requires the purchase of a vignette (toll sticker)—which costs 40 Swiss francs—for one calendar year in order to use its roadways, for both passenger cars and trucks. The Swiss autobahn/autoroute network has a total length of 1,638 km (1,018 mi) (as of 2000) and has, by an area of 41,290 km2 (15,940 sq mi), also one of the highest motorway densities in the world. Zürich Airport is Switzerland's largest international flight gateway, which handled 22.8 million passengers in 2012. The other international airports are Geneva Airport (13.9 million passengers in 2012), EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg which is located in France, Bern Airport, Lugano Airport, St. Gallen-Altenrhein Airport and Sion Airport. Swiss International Air Lines is the flag carrier of Switzerland. Its main hub is Zürich.

question: What is the Swiss private-public managed road network funded by?, answer: road tolls and vehicle taxes | question: How much does the Swiss autoroute network charge for a toll sticker to use Swiss roadways for a year?, answer: 40 Swiss francs | question: Which airport is Switzerland's largest international flight gateway?, answer: Zürich | question: What is the name of the flag airline carrier in Switzerland?, answer: Swiss International Air Lines | question: How many passengers used the Zurich airport in 2012?, answer: 22.8 million
Switzerland (/ˈswɪtsərlənd/), officially the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a country in Europe. While still named the "Swiss Confederation" for historical reasons, modern Switzerland is a federal directorial republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities, called Bundesstadt ("federal city").[note 3] The country is situated in Western and Central Europe,[note 4] and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global and economic centres, Zürich and Geneva.

question: What is the official name of Switzerland?, answer: Swiss Confederation | question: What type of government does Switzerland have?, answer: a federal directorial republic | question: How many cantons are in Switzerland's federal directorial republic?, answer: 26 | question: What 3 geographical features divide Switzerland?, answer: the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura | question: What is the population of Switzerland?, answer: approximately 8 million