lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
In electric power distribution, capacitors are used for power factor correction. Such capacitors often come as three capacitors connected as a three phase load. Usually, the values of these capacitors are given not in farads but rather as a reactive power in volt-amperes reactive (var). The purpose is to counteract inductive loading from devices like electric motors and transmission lines to make the load appear to be mostly resistive. Individual motor or lamp loads may have capacitors for power factor correction, or larger sets of capacitors (usually with automatic switching devices) may be installed at a load center within a building or in a large utility substation.

question: In what scenario are capacitors used for power factor correction?, answer: In electric power distribution | question: How are capacitors used for for power factor correction prepared?, answer: as three capacitors connected as a three phase load | question: In what what unit is the capacitance reported for capacitors used in power factor correction?, answer: reactive power in volt-amperes reactive (var) | question: What is the reason for using capacitors in power factor correction?, answer: to counteract inductive loading | question: How are power factor correction capacitors sometimes installed?, answer: at a load center within a building
In exchange for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism – which John Major had withdrawn the country from in September 1992 after barely two years. Cabinet Minister Peter Mandelson was "outed" by Matthew Parris (a former Sun columnist) on BBC TV's Newsnight in November 1998. Misjudging public response, The Sun's editor David Yelland demanded to know in a front page editorial whether Britain was governed by a "gay mafia" of a "closed world of men with a mutual self-interest". Three days later the paper apologised in another editorial which said The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of "overwhelming public interest".

question: What did Blair agree to in order to get the support of Rupert Murdoch?, answer: not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism | question: Who was Cabinet Minister in 1998?, answer: Peter Mandelson | question: What happened on BBC's Newsnight in 1998?, answer: Peter Mandelson was "outed" by Matthew Parris | question: Who was editor of The Sun in 1998?, answer: David Yelland | question: What did The Sun say its policy about revealing an individual's sexuality would be moving forward?, answer: The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of "overwhelming public interest"
In females, changes in the primary sex characteristics involve growth of the uterus, vagina, and other aspects of the reproductive system. Menarche, the beginning of menstruation, is a relatively late development which follows a long series of hormonal changes. Generally, a girl is not fully fertile until several years after menarche, as regular ovulation follows menarche by about two years. Unlike males, therefore, females usually appear physically mature before they are capable of becoming pregnant.

question: What term is the beginning of menstruation given?, answer: Menarche | question: How many years does regular ovulation follow menarche?, answer: two years | question: What are two areas of the reproductive system that experience growth in females during puberty?, answer: uterus, vagina | question: Do males or females appear physically mature before they are capable of reproduction?, answer: females
In fledgling democracies funding can also be provided by foreign aid. International donors provide financing to political parties in developing countries as a means to promote democracy and good governance. Support can be purely financial or otherwise. Frequently it is provided as capacity development activities including the development of party manifestos, party constitutions and campaigning skills. Developing links between ideologically linked parties is another common feature of international support for a party. Sometimes this can be perceived as directly supporting the political aims of a political party, such as the support of the US government to the Georgian party behind the Rose Revolution. Other donors work on a more neutral basis, where multiple donors provide grants in countries accessible by all parties for various aims defined by the recipients. There have been calls by leading development think-tanks, such as the Overseas Development Institute, to increase support to political parties as part of developing the capacity to deal with the demands of interest-driven donors to improve governance.

question: What can also be provided by foreign aid?, answer: funding | question: What do international donors do to promote democracy?, answer: provide financing to political parties in developing countries | question: What is another common occurrence of international support for a party?, answer: Developing links between ideologically linked parties | question: What does the overseas development institute want to do?, answer: to increase support to political parties
In flood lamps used for photographic lighting, the tradeoff is made in the other direction. Compared to general-service bulbs, for the same power, these bulbs produce far more light, and (more importantly) light at a higher color temperature, at the expense of greatly reduced life (which may be as short as two hours for a type P1 lamp). The upper temperature limit for the filament is the melting point of the metal. Tungsten is the metal with the highest melting point, 3,695 K (6,191 °F). A 50-hour-life projection bulb, for instance, is designed to operate only 50 °C (122 °F) below that melting point. Such a lamp may achieve up to 22 lumens per watt, compared with 17.5 for a 750-hour general service lamp.

question: At what temperature does a typical 50-hour-life projection bulb operate?, answer: 50 °C (122 °F) | question: Which metal has the highest melting point?, answer: Tungsten | question: What is the typical life of a P1 lamp?, answer: as short as two hours | question: How does the color temperature differ for photographic lighting?, answer: higher color temperature
In free-range husbandry, the birds can roam freely outdoors for at least part of the day. Often, this is in large enclosures, but the birds have access to natural conditions and can exhibit their normal behaviours. A more intensive system is yarding, in which the birds have access to a fenced yard and poultry house at a higher stocking rate. Poultry can also be kept in a barn system, with no access to the open air, but with the ability to move around freely inside the building. The most intensive system for egg-laying chickens is battery cages, often set in multiple tiers. In these, several birds share a small cage which restricts their ability to move around and behave in a normal manner. The eggs are laid on the floor of the cage and roll into troughs outside for ease of collection. Battery cages for hens have been illegal in the EU since January 1, 2012.

question: What is the benefit to chickens of being in a free-range farming location?, answer: the birds have access to natural conditions and can exhibit their normal behaviours | question: What is yarding in relation to the pultry industry?, answer: birds have access to a fenced yard and poultry house at a higher stocking rate | question: What is the most intensive type of enclosure system used in the poultry business?, answer: battery cages, often set in multiple tiers | question: How are eggs collected in teh battery cage system?, answer: The eggs are laid on the floor of the cage and roll into troughs outside for ease of collection
In front of the goal is the penalty area. This area is marked by the goal line, two lines starting on the goal line 16.5 m (18 yd) from the goalposts and extending 16.5 m (18 yd) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal line, and a line joining them. This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark where the goalkeeper may handle the ball and where a penalty foul by a member of the defending team becomes punishable by a penalty kick. Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs, goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks.

question: What is the penalty area marked by?, answer: goal line | question: a penalty foul by the defending team can be punishable by a what?, answer: penalty kick | question: how many meters from the goalpost does a penalty area extend?, answer: 16.5 m | question: Only who can handle the ball with his hands?, answer: goalkeeper
In function and effectiveness, the UN has been compared to the pre-Constitutional United States Federal government by some[citation needed], giving a comparison between modern treaty law and the historical Articles of Confederation.

question: The United Nations has been compared to what government in function and effectiveness?, answer: the pre-Constitutional United States Federal government | question: In which aspects has the United Nations been compared to the pre-Constitutional United States Federal government?, answer: function and effectiveness | question: The comparison of the United Nations to the pre-Constitutional United States Federal government gives us a comparison between what modern and historical legal topics of interest?, answer: modern treaty law and the historical Articles of Confederation | question: Modern treaty law can be compared in function and effectiveness to the historical Articles of Confederation by comparing the pre-Constitutional United States Federal government with what modern institution?, answer: the UN | question: What legal document formed the basis of the pre-Constitutional Federal government of the United States?, answer: Articles of Confederation
In game play, players attempt to create goal-scoring opportunities through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling, passing the ball to a team-mate, and by taking shots at the goal, which is guarded by the opposing goalkeeper. Opposing players may try to regain control of the ball by intercepting a pass or through tackling the opponent in possession of the ball; however, physical contact between opponents is restricted. Football is generally a free-flowing game, with play stopping only when the ball has left the field of play or when play is stopped by the referee for an infringement of the rules. After a stoppage, play recommences with a specified restart.

question: Who guards the goal?, answer: goalkeeper | question: Who is the only one who has the authority to stop the game when something is wron?, answer: referee | question: what is allowed but restricted?, answer: physical contact | question: Besides a referee interfering, when else is play stopped?, answer: when the ball has left the field of play
In gender inflection, the most notable feature is (compared to Portuguese, Spanish or Italian), the loss of the typical masculine suffix -o. Thus, the alternance of -o/-a, has been replaced by ø/-a. There are only a few exceptions, like minso/minsa ("scarce"). Many not completely predictable morphological alternations may occur, such as:

question: What is the usual masculine suffix?, answer: -o
In general relativity, a vanishing stress-energy tensor implies, through Einstein field equations, the vanishing of all the components of the Ricci tensor. Vacuum does not mean that the curvature of space-time is necessarily flat: the gravitational field can still produce curvature in a vacuum in the form of tidal forces and gravitational waves (technically, these phenomena are the components of the Weyl tensor). The black hole (with zero electric charge) is an elegant example of a region completely "filled" with vacuum, but still showing a strong curvature.

question: what is a perfect example of a filled vacuum showing a curvature?, answer: The black hole | question: Who's equations helped to imply vanishing of the Ricci tensor?, answer: Einstein | question: what produces curvature in a vacuum?, answer: tidal forces and gravitational waves | question: What has no electric charge?, answer: black hole
In general, Continental Freemasonry is sympathetic to Freemasonry amongst women, dating from the 1890s when French lodges assisted the emergent co-masonic movement by promoting enough of their members to the 33rd degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite to allow them, in 1899, to form their own grand council, recognised by the other Continental Grand Councils of that Rite. The United Grand Lodge of England issued a statement in 1999 recognising the two women's grand lodges there to be regular in all but the participants. While they were not, therefore, recognised as regular, they were part of Freemasonry "in general". The attitude of most regular Anglo-American grand lodges remains that women Freemasons are not legitimate Masons.

question: When did the French try to create co-masonic lodges?, answer: the 1890s | question: When did the United Grand Lodge of England recognize the two female Masonic lodges?, answer: 1999 | question: What did the french lodges promote to try to get women accepted into the Freemasons?, answer: the 33rd degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite | question: Do Anglo-American grand lodges accept women as members today?, answer: most regular Anglo-American grand lodges remains that women Freemasons are not legitimate Masons
In general, German bombers were likely to get through to their targets without too much difficulty. It was to be some months before an effective night fighter force would be ready, and anti-aircraft defences only became adequate after the Blitz was over, so ruses were created to lure German bombers away from their targets. Throughout 1940, dummy airfields were prepared, good enough to stand up to skilled observation. A number[clarification needed] of bombs fell on these diversionary ("Starfish") targets.

question: Anti-aircraft defenses became better after what?, answer: Blitz was over | question: What did they use to lure German bombers away from their targets?, answer: ruses | question: What kind of airfields were prepared to stand up to skilled observers?, answer: dummy | question: What was the name given to these dummy airfields?, answer: Starfish
In general, Hokkien dialects have 5 to 7 phonemic tones. According to the traditional Chinese system, however, there are 7 to 9 "tones",[citation needed] more correctly termed tone classes since two of them are non-phonemic "entering tones" (see the discussion on Chinese tone). Tone sandhi is extensive. There are minor variations between the Quanzhou and Zhangzhou tone systems. Taiwanese tones follow the patterns of Amoy or Quanzhou, depending on the area of Taiwan. Many dialects have an additional phonemic tone ("tone 9" according to the traditional reckoning), used only in special or foreign loan words.

question: How many phonemic tones do Hokkien dialects have?, answer: 5 to 7 | question: What is another name for phonemic tones?, answer: tone classes | question: What type of variations are there between the Quanznou and Zhangzhou tone system?, answer: minor | question: What patterns do Taiwanese tones follow?, answer: Amoy or Quanzhou | question: What is the pattern used un Taiwanese tones determined by?, answer: the area of Taiwan
In general, Tucson and Pima County support the Democratic Party, as opposed the state's largest metropolitan area, Phoenix, which usually supports the Republican Party. Congressional redistricting in 2013, following the publication of the 2010 Census, divided the Tucson area into three Federal Congressional districts (the first, second and third of Arizona). The city center is in the 3rd District, represented by Raul Grijalva, a Democrat, since 2003, while the more affluent residential areas to the south and east are in the 2nd District, represented by Republican Martha McSally since 2015, and the exurbs north and west between Tucson and Phoenix in the 3rd District are represented by Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick since 2008. The United States Postal Service operates post offices in Tucson. The Tucson Main Post Office is located at 1501 South Cherrybell Stravenue.

question: Which political party does Tucson usually support?, answer: Democratic | question: Which political party does Phoenix usually support?, answer: Republican | question: How many Federal Congressional districts was Tucson split into in 2013?, answer: three | question: Who represents Tucson's city center in Congress?, answer: Raul Grijalva | question: Who represent's Tucson's wealthy areas in Congress?, answer: Martha McSally
In general, USB cables have only plugs on their ends, while hosts and devices have only receptacles. Hosts almost universally have Type-A receptacles, while devices have one or another Type-B variety. Type-A plugs mate only with Type-A receptacles, and the same applies to their Type-B counterparts; they are deliberately physically incompatible. However, an extension to the USB standard specification called USB On-The-Go (OTG) allows a single port to act as either a host or a device, which is selectable by the end of the cable that plugs into the receptacle on the OTG-enabled unit. Even after the cable is hooked up and the units are communicating, the two units may "swap" ends under program control. This capability is meant for units such as PDAs in which the USB link might connect to a PC's host port as a device in one instance, yet connect as a host itself to a keyboard and mouse device in another instance.

question: USB cables and device have only what on their ends?, answer: plugs | question: Hosts and devices only have what in terms of connecting to a USB device?, answer: receptacles | question: Devices usually have what type of receptacle?, answer: one or another Type-B variety | question: Hosts almost always have what type of receptacle?, answer: Type-A receptacles
In general, a pesticide is a chemical or biological agent (such as a virus, bacterium, antimicrobial, or disinfectant) that deters, incapacitates, kills, or otherwise discourages pests. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that destroy property, cause nuisance, or spread disease, or are disease vectors. Although pesticides have benefits, some also have drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other species. According to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, 9 of the 12 most dangerous and persistent organic chemicals are organochlorine pesticides.

question: What are three pests pesticides target?, answer: plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks | question: Are pesticides chemical or biological agents?, answer: a pesticide is a chemical or biological agent | question: What are possible cons of pesticides?, answer: potential toxicity to humans and other species | question: What are pesticides meant to prevent?, answer: destroy property, cause nuisance, or spread disease, or are disease vectors
In general, avian influenza is a disease of birds caused by bird-specific influenza A virus that is not normally transferred to people; however, people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus and this is of particular concern in areas such as Southeast Asia, where the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected. The virus possibly could mutate to become highly virulent and infectious in humans and cause an influenza pandemic.

question: Is the Avian flu a risk only to animals?, answer: people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus | question: What portion of the world is considered to be most at risk for the rapid spread of the avian flu?, answer: areas such as Southeast Asia, where the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected | question: What is the danger to humans in regards to the spread of avian flu to humans ?, answer: The virus possibly could mutate to become highly virulent and infectious in humans and cause an influenza pandemic. | question: Can the avian flu be sread from wild birds to birds kept in husbandry?, answer: the disease is endemic in the wild bird population and domestic poultry can become infected.
In general, translators have sought to preserve the context itself by reproducing the original order of sememes, and hence word order — when necessary, reinterpreting the actual grammatical structure, for example, by shifting from active to passive voice, or vice versa. The grammatical differences between "fixed-word-order" languages (e.g. English, French, German) and "free-word-order" languages (e.g., Greek, Latin, Polish, Russian) have been no impediment in this regard. The particular syntax (sentence-structure) characteristics of a text's source language are adjusted to the syntactic requirements of the target language.

question: What have translators tried to preserve?, answer: context itself | question: How do translators preserve context?, answer: reproducing the original order of sememes | question: What is it sometimes necessary to reinterpret when translating?, answer: grammatical structure | question: What is the active voice sometimes shifted to when needed?, answer: passive | question: What are the syntax characteristics of a text's source language adjusted to for a target language?, answer: syntactic requirements
In glaciated areas where the glacier moves faster than one km per year, glacial earthquakes occur. These are large scale temblors that have seismic magnitudes as high as 6.1. The number of glacial earthquakes in Greenland peaks every year in July, August and September and is increasing over time. In a study using data from January 1993 through October 2005, more events were detected every year since 2002, and twice as many events were recorded in 2005 as there were in any other year. This increase in the numbers of glacial earthquakes in Greenland may be a response to global warming.

question: How far does a glacier have to move to cause glacial earthquakes?, answer: one km per year | question: How high can the seismic magnitude be of a glacial earthquake?, answer: 6.1 | question: Are Greenland's glacial earthquakes increasing or decreasing as time goes on?, answer: increasing | question: During which months do glacial earthquakes peak in Greenland?, answer: July, August and September | question: In what year were twice as many glacial earthquakes seen than in any other year in Greenland?, answer: 2005
In grading lumber and structural timber, knots are classified according to their form, size, soundness, and the firmness with which they are held in place. This firmness is affected by, among other factors, the length of time for which the branch was dead while the attaching stem continued to grow.

question: What's the process in which knots are classified called?, answer: grading | question: Along with firmness, soundness, and form, what property of a knot is classified?, answer: size | question: What property of knots does the amount of time a branch stayed on a tree while the stem kept growing affect?, answer: firmness
In heartwood it occurs only in the first and last forms. Wood that is thoroughly air-dried retains 8–16% of the water in the cell walls, and none, or practically none, in the other forms. Even oven-dried wood retains a small percentage of moisture, but for all except chemical purposes, may be considered absolutely dry.

question: What does wood retain in its cell walls despite being air-dried?, answer: water | question: Air-dried wood keeps up to what percentage of the water in its cell walls?, answer: 16 | question: What kind of dried wood retains a small quantity of water but is considered absolutely dry?, answer: oven-dried