lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Utrecht Centraal is the main railway station of Utrecht. There are regular intercity services to all major Dutch cities; direct services to Schiphol Airport. Utrecht Centraal is a station on the night service, providing 7 days a week an all night service to (among others) Schiphol Airport, Amsterdam and Rotterdam. International InterCityExpress (ICE) services to Germany (and further) through Arnhem call at Utrecht Centraal. Regular local trains to all areas surrounding Utrecht also depart from Utrecht Centraal; and service several smaller stations: Utrecht Lunetten, Utrecht Vaartsche Rijn, Utrecht Overvecht, Utrecht Leidsche Rijn, Utrecht Terwijde, Utrecht Zuilen and Vleuten. A former station Utrecht Maliebaan closed in 1939 and has since been converted into the Dutch Railway Museum.

question: What is the main railway station, answer: Utrecht Centraal is the main railway station of Utrecht | question: Does the rail station provide 24 hour service, answer: Utrecht Centraal is a station on the night service, providing 7 days a week an all night service | question: Are there rail services to Germany, answer: International InterCityExpress (ICE) services to Germany (and further) through Arnhem call at Utrecht Centraal | question: where to regular local trains provide service, answer: local trains to all areas surrounding Utrecht also depart from Utrecht Centraal; and service several smaller stations
Utrecht city has an active cultural life, and in the Netherlands is second only to Amsterdam. There are several theatres and theatre companies. The 1941 main city theatre was built by Dudok. Besides theatres there is a large number of cinemas including three arthouse cinemas. Utrecht is host to the international Early Music Festival (Festival Oude Muziek, for music before 1800) and the Netherlands Film Festival. The city has an important classical music hall Vredenburg (1979 by Herman Hertzberger). Its acoustics are considered among the best of the 20th-century original music halls.[citation needed] The original Vredenburg music hall has been redeveloped as part of the larger station area redevelopment plan and in 2014 has gained additional halls that allowed its merger with the rock club Tivoli and the SJU jazzpodium. There are several other venues for music throughout the city. Young musicians are educated in the conservatory, a department of the Utrecht School of the Arts. There is a specialised museum of automatically playing musical instruments.

question: Cultural life in Utrecht is second to, answer: Utrecht city has an active cultural life, and in the Netherlands is second only to Amsterdam | question: What music festival does Utrecht host, answer: Utrecht is host to the international Early Music Festival (Festival Oude Muziek, for music before 1800) and the Netherlands Film Festival | question: What is the name of the music hall, answer: The city has an important classical music hall Vredenburg | question: Where are music students educated, answer: Young musicians are educated in the conservatory, a department of the Utrecht School of the Arts
Utrecht hosts several large institutions of higher education. The most prominent of these is Utrecht University (est. 1636), the largest university of the Netherlands with 30,449 students (as of 2012). The university is partially based in the inner city as well as in the Uithof campus area, to the east of the city. According to Shanghai Jiaotong University's university ranking in 2014 it is the 57th best university in the world. Utrecht also houses the much smaller University of Humanistic Studies, which houses about 400 students.

question: What is the largest University in the city, answer: The most prominent of these is Utrecht University (est. 1636), the largest university of the Netherlands with 30,449 students | question: what is shanghai jiaotong rated, answer: According to Shanghai Jiaotong University's university ranking in 2014 it is the 57th best university in the world | question: What smaller university is in Utrecht, answer: Utrecht also houses the much smaller University of Humanistic Studies, which houses about 400 students.
Utrecht is home to the premier league (professional) football club FC Utrecht, which plays in Stadium Nieuw Galgenwaard. It is also the home of Kampong, the largest (amateur) sportsclub in the Netherlands (4,500 members), SV Kampong. Kampong features fieldhockey, soccer, cricket, tennis, squash and jeu de boules. Kampong's men and women top hockey squads play in the highest Dutch hockey league, the Rabohoofdklasse.Utrecht is also home to the baseball and Sofball club: UVV which plays in the highest Dutch baseball league: de Hoofdklasse. Utrecht's waterways are used by several rowing clubs. Viking is a large club open to the general public, and the student clubs Orca and Triton compete in the Varsity each year.

question: What football team is Utrecht home to, answer: Utrecht is home to the premier league (professional) football club FC Utrecht | question: What Utrecht waterways host to, answer: Utrecht's waterways are used by several rowing clubs | question: What is kampong, answer: Kampong, the largest (amateur) sportsclub in the Netherlands (4,500 members) | question: What sports does Kampong support, answer: Kampong features fieldhockey, soccer, cricket, tennis, squash and jeu de boules.
Utrecht is the centre of a densely populated area, which makes concise definitions of its agglomeration difficult, and somewhat arbitrary. The smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen. It is sometimes argued that the close by municipalities De Bilt, Zeist, Houten, Vianen, Driebergen-Rijsenburg (Utrechtse Heuvelrug), and Bunnik should also be counted towards the Utrecht agglomeration, bringing the total to 640,000 inhabitants. The larger region, including slightly more remote towns such as Woerden and Amersfoort counts up to 820,000 inhabitants.

question: What does the dense population make difficult, answer: which makes concise definitions of its agglomeration difficult, and somewhat arbitrary. | question: Least populates areas of Utrecht, answer: smaller Utrecht agglomeration of continuously built up areas counts some 420,000 inhabitants and includes Nieuwegein, IJsselstein and Maarssen | question: More populated areas include, answer: The larger region, including slightly more remote towns such as Woerden and Amersfoort counts up to 820,000 inhabitants
Utrecht is well-connected to the Dutch road network. Two of the most important major roads serve the city of Utrecht: the A12 and A2 motorways connect Amsterdam, Arnhem, The Hague and Maastricht, as well as Belgium and Germany. Other major motorways in the area are the Almere–Breda A27 and the Utrecht–Groningen A28. Due to the increasing traffic and the ancient city plan, traffic congestion is a common phenomenon in and around Utrecht, causing elevated levels of air pollutants. This has led to a passionate debate in the city about the best way to improve the city's air quality.

question: Is Utrecht connected to the Dutch road system, answer: well-connected to the Dutch road network. Two of the most important major roads serve the city of Utrecht: | question: What countries do the A12 and A2 connect, answer: A12 and A2 motorways connect Amsterdam, Arnhem, The Hague and Maastricht, as well as Belgium and Germany | question: What does traffic elevate, answer: increasing traffic and the ancient city plan, traffic congestion is a common phenomenon in and around Utrecht, causing elevated levels of air pollutants
Utrecht's cityscape is dominated by the Dom Tower, the tallest belfry in the Netherlands and originally part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin. An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m). Nevertheless, some tall buildings are now being constructed that will become part of the skyline of Utrecht. The second tallest building of the city, the Rabobank-tower, was completed in 2010 and stands 105 m (344.49 ft) tall. Two antennas will increase that height to 120 m (393.70 ft). Two other buildings were constructed around the Nieuw Galgenwaard stadium (2007). These buildings, the 'Kantoortoren Galghenwert' and 'Apollo Residence', stand 85.5 and 64.5 metres high respectively.

question: what dominates the cityscape, answer: Utrecht's cityscape is dominated by the Dom Tower, the tallest belfry in the Netherlands and originally part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin | question: What is being debated in Utrecht, answer: An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m) | question: What is the name of the stadium, answer: the Nieuw Galgenwaard stadium (2007)
VRS services have become well developed nationally in Sweden since 1997 and also in the United States since the first decade of the 2000s. With the exception of Sweden, VRS has been provided in Europe for only a few years since the mid-2000s, and as of 2010 has not been made available in many European Union countries, with most European countries still lacking the legislation or the financing for large-scale VRS services, and to provide the necessary telecommunication equipment to deaf users. Germany and the Nordic countries are among the other leaders in Europe, while the United States is another world leader in the provisioning of VRS services.

question: In what European country has VRS services become well developed?, answer: Sweden | question: What is one of the reasons why VRS services are not in most European countries?, answer: financing | question: What European country is a leader in providing VRS services to its citizens?, answer: Germany | question: What country is a world leader in providing VRS services?, answer: United States
Vacuum is space void of matter. The word stems from the Latin adjective vacuus for "vacant" or "void". An approximation to such vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmospheric pressure. Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call "vacuum" or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space. In engineering and applied physics on the other hand, vacuum refers to any space in which the pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure. The Latin term in vacuo is used to describe an object as being in what would otherwise be a vacuum.

question: The word Vacuum stems from what Latin adjective?, answer: vacuus | question: What does the term used by Physicists, partial vacuum, refer to?, answer: imperfect vacuum | question: What is a vacuum?, answer: space void of matter | question: What type of pressure is less than atmospheric pressure in a vacuum?, answer: gaseous | question: What Latin term is used to describe an object in a vacuum?, answer: in vacuo
Vacuum is useful in a variety of processes and devices. Its first widespread use was in the incandescent light bulb to protect the filament from chemical degradation. The chemical inertness produced by a vacuum is also useful for electron beam welding, cold welding, vacuum packing and vacuum frying. Ultra-high vacuum is used in the study of atomically clean substrates, as only a very good vacuum preserves atomic-scale clean surfaces for a reasonably long time (on the order of minutes to days). High to ultra-high vacuum removes the obstruction of air, allowing particle beams to deposit or remove materials without contamination. This is the principle behind chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and dry etching which are essential to the fabrication of semiconductors and optical coatings, and to surface science. The reduction of convection provides the thermal insulation of thermos bottles. Deep vacuum lowers the boiling point of liquids and promotes low temperature outgassing which is used in freeze drying, adhesive preparation, distillation, metallurgy, and process purging. The electrical properties of vacuum make electron microscopes and vacuum tubes possible, including cathode ray tubes. The elimination of air friction is useful for flywheel energy storage and ultracentrifuges.

question: What was the object to use first in widespread manner process of vacuum?, answer: incandescent light bulb | question: What is produced by a vacuum and used in electron beam welding and vacuum frying?, answer: chemical inertness | question: Hight to ultra-high vacuums removes what obstruction?, answer: obstruction of air, | question: How does freeze drying, distillation and metallurgy benefit from a deep vacuum?, answer: Deep vacuum lowers the boiling point of liquids and promotes low temperature outgassing | question: What are two things made possible by the electrical properties of vacuum?, answer: electron microscopes and vacuum tubes
Vaiśeṣika metaphysical premises are founded on a form of atomism, that the reality is composed of four substances (earth, water, air, fire). Each of these four are of two types: atomic (paramāṇu) and composite. An atom is, according to Vaiśeṣika scholars, that which is indestructible (anitya), indivisible, and has a special kind of dimension, called “small” (aṇu). A composite, in this philosophy, is defined to be anything which is divisible into atoms. Whatever human beings perceive is composite, while atoms are invisible. The Vaiśeṣikas stated that size, form, truths and everything that human beings experience as a whole is a function of atoms, their number and their spatial arrangements, their guṇa (quality), karma (activity), sāmānya (commonness), viśeṣa (particularity) and amavāya (inherence, inseparable connectedness of everything).

question: According to Vaisesika philosophy, how many substances comprise reality?, answer: four | question: What are the substances of Vaisesika reality?, answer: earth, water, air, fire | question: Of what does Vaisesika philosophy say the things are made ?, answer: atoms | question: According to Vaisesika what is divisible into atoms?, answer: composite | question: What form are atoms in Vaisesika?, answer: invisible
Valencia (/vəˈlɛnsiə/; Spanish: [baˈlenθja]), or València (Valencian: [vaˈlensia]), is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona, with around 800,000 inhabitants in the administrative centre. Its urban area extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of around 1.5 million people. Valencia is Spain's third largest metropolitan area, with a population ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million. The city has global city status. The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the busiest container port on the Mediterranean Sea.

question: What country is Valencia in?, answer: Spain | question: What is the population of Valencia's urban area?, answer: 1.5 million | question: Where does Valencia rank among Spain's largest cities?, answer: third | question: What body of water is Valencia located on?, answer: the Mediterranean Sea | question: What is the city of Valencia the capital of?, answer: the autonomous community of Valencia
Valencia enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, much of it spurred by tourism and the construction industry,[citation needed] with concurrent development and expansion of telecommunications and transport. The city's economy is service-oriented, as nearly 84% of the working population is employed in service sector occupations[citation needed]. However, the city still maintains an important industrial base, with 5.5% of the population employed in this sector. Agricultural activities are still carried on in the municipality, even though of relatively minor importance with only 1.9% of the working population and 3973 hectares planted mostly in orchards and citrus groves.

question: What is the main type of employment in Valencia?, answer: service sector occupations | question: What percentage of Valencia's workers are employed in industry?, answer: 5.5 | question: What percentage of Valencia's workers are employed in the agricultural sector?, answer: 1.9 | question: How much of Valencia's land is used for agriculture?, answer: 3973 hectares | question: What are Valencia's agricultural areas mainly planted with?, answer: orchards and citrus groves
Valencia has experienced a surge in its cultural development during the last thirty years, exemplified by exhibitions and performances at such iconic institutions as the Palau de la Música, the Palacio de Congresos, the Metro, the City of Arts and Sciences (Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències), the Valencian Museum of Enlightenment and Modernity (Museo Valenciano de la Ilustracion y la Modernidad), and the Institute of Modern Art (Instituto Valenciano de Arte Moderno). The various productions of Santiago Calatrava, a renowned structural engineer, architect, and sculptor and of the architect Félix Candela have contributed to Valencia's international reputation. These public works and the ongoing rehabilitation of the Old City (Ciutat Vella) have helped improve the city's livability and tourism is continually increasing.

question: During what period has Valencia had a cultural surge?, answer: the last thirty years | question: Which structural engineer's work has helped Valencia's reputation?, answer: Santiago Calatrava | question: Which architect other than Calatrava has helped Valencia's reputation?, answer: Félix Candela | question: What part of Valencia is undergoing improvements?, answer: Old City
Valencia is a bilingual city: Valencian and Spanish are the two official languages. Spanish is official in all of Spain, whereas Valencian is official in the Valencian Country, as well as in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands, where it receives the name of Catalan. Despite the differentiated denomination, the distinct dialectal traits and political tension between Catalonia and the Valencian Country, Catalan and Valencian are mutually intelligible and are considered two varieties of the same language. Valencian has been historically repressed in favour of Spanish. The effects have been more noticeable in the city proper, whereas the language has remained active in the rural and metropolitan areas. After the Castille-Aragon unification, a Spanish-speaking elite established itself in the city. In more recent history, the establishment of Franco's military and administrative apparatus in Valencia further excluded Valencian from public life. Valencian recovered its official status, prestige and use in education after the transition to democracy in 1978. However, due to industrialisation in recent decades, Valencia has attracted immigration from other regions in Spain, and hence there is also a demographic factor for its declining social use. Due to a combination of these reasons, Valencia has become the bastion of anti-Catalan blaverism, which celebrates Valencian as merely folkloric, but rejects the existing standard which was adapted from Catalan orthography. Spanish is currently the predominant language in the city proper but, thanks to the education system, most Valencians have basic knowledge of both Spanish and Valencian, and either can be used in the city. Valencia is therefore the second biggest Catalan-speaking city after Barcelona. Institutional buildings and streets are named in Valencian. The city is also home to many pro-Valencian political and civil organisations. Furthermore, education entirely in Valencian is offered in more than 70 state-owned schools in the city, as well as by the University of Valencia across all disciplines.

question: How many official languages does Valencia have?, answer: two | question: What is very similar to Valencian and is considered another variety of the same language?, answer: Catalan | question: What language is official in Valencia besides Valencian?, answer: Spanish | question: How many schools offer education completely in Valencian?, answer: more than 70 | question: When did Valencian regain its offical status?, answer: 1978
Valencia is also internationally famous for its football club, Valencia C.F., which won the Spanish league in 2002 and 2004 (the year it also won the UEFA Cup), for a total of six times, and was a UEFA Champions League runner-up in 2000 and 2001. The team's stadium is the Mestalla; its city rival Levante UD also plays in the highest division after gaining promotion in 2010, their stadium is Estadi Ciutat de València. From the year 2011 there has been a third team in the city, Huracán Valencia, who play their games in Municipal de Manises, in the Segunda División B.

question: When did Valencia C.F. win the UEFA Cup?, answer: 2004 | question: How many times did Valencia C.F. win the Spanish league?, answer: six | question: What is Levante UD's stadium?, answer: Estadi Ciutat de València | question: In which division does Huracan Valencia play?, answer: Segunda División B | question: Where does Huracan Valencia play?, answer: Municipal de Manises
Valencia stands on the banks of the Turia River, located on the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula and the western part of the Mediterranean Sea, fronting the Gulf of Valencia. At its founding by the Romans, it stood on a river island in the Turia, 6.4 km (4 mi) from the sea. The Albufera, a freshwater lagoon and estuary about 11 km (7 mi) south of the city, is one of the largest lakes in Spain. The City Council bought the lake from the Crown of Spain for 1,072,980 pesetas in 1911, and today it forms the main portion of the Parc Natural de l'Albufera (Albufera Nature Reserve), with a surface area of 21,120 hectares (52,200 acres). In 1986, because of its cultural, historical, and ecological value, the Generalitat Valenciana declared it a natural park.

question: How far from Valencia is the Albufera?, answer: 11 km | question: In what park is the Albufera located?, answer: Parc Natural de l'Albufera | question: How far from the sea was Valencia when it was founded?, answer: 6.4 km | question: Who founded Valencia?, answer: Romans | question: From what entity was the Albufera bought?, answer: Crown of Spain
Valencia was founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC. The city is situated on the banks of the Turia, on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, fronting the Gulf of Valencia on the Mediterranean Sea. Its historic centre is one of the largest in Spain, with approximately 169 hectares; this heritage of ancient monuments, views and cultural attractions makes Valencia one of the country's most popular tourist destinations. Major monuments include Valencia Cathedral, the Torres de Serrans, the Torres de Quart, the Llotja de la Seda (declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996), and the Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències (City of Arts and Sciences), an entertainment-based cultural and architectural complex designed by Santiago Calatrava and Félix Candela. The Museu de Belles Arts de València houses a large collection of paintings from the 14th to the 18th centuries, including works by Velázquez, El Greco, and Goya, as well as an important series of engravings by Piranesi. The Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (Valencian Institute of Modern Art) houses both permanent collections and temporary exhibitions of contemporary art and photography.

question: When was Valencia's founding?, answer: 138 BC | question: On what river is Valencia located?, answer: Turia | question: How big is Valencia's historic centre?, answer: 169 hectares | question: What Valencian museum has a photography collection?, answer: Institut Valencià d'Art Modern | question: What Valencian museum contains pieces by Velazquez and other famous artists?, answer: Museu de Belles Arts de València