lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Dutch is written using the Latin script. Dutch uses one additional character beyond the standard alphabet, the digraph IJ. It has a relatively high proportion of doubled letters, both vowels and consonants, due to the formation of compound words and also to the spelling devices for distinguishing the many vowel sounds in the Dutch language. An example of five consecutive doubled letters is the word voorraaddoos (food storage container). The diaeresis (Dutch: trema) is used to mark vowels that are pronounced separately when involving a pre- or suffix. Whereas a hyphen is used when this problem occurs in compound words. For example; "beïnvloed" (influenced), but zee-eend (sea duck). Generally, other diacritical marks only occur in loanwords, though the acute accent can also be used for emphasis or to differentiate between two forms. Its most common use is to differentiate between the indefinite article 'een' (a, an) and the numeral 'één' (one).

question: How many extra characters does Dutch have in addition to the standard alphabet?, answer: one | question: What's the name for the additional character Dutch uses?, answer: digraph | question: Because Dutch has many vowel sounds and compound words, what occurs frequently in Dutch spelling?, answer: doubled letters | question: What is an example of a Dutch word that has double vowels or consonants five times in a row?, answer: voorraaddoos | question: What's the name for the type of accent that Dutch used to mark the difference between the word for "a" or "an" and the word for "one"?, answer: acute accent
Dutch vocabulary is predominantly Germanic in origin, with an additional share of loanwords of 20%. The main foreign influence on Dutch vocabulary since the 12th century and culminating in the French period has been French and (northern) French, accounting for an estimated 6.8%, or more than a third of all loanwords. Latin, that has been spoken for centuries in the south of the Low Countries, and has since then for centuries plaid a major role as the language of science and religion, follows with 6.1%. High German and Low German, influential until the mid of the 19th century, account for 2.7%, but are mostly unrecognizable since many German loanwords have been "Dutchified", e.g. German "Fremdling" become Dutch "vreemdeling". From English, Dutch has taken over words since the middle of the 19th century, as a consequence of the gaining power of Britain and the United States. The share of English loanwords is about 1.5%, but this number is still on the increase. Conversely, Dutch contributed many loanwords to English, accounting for 1.3%.

question: What percentage of loanwords are present in Dutch vocabulary?, answer: 20% | question: What language has exerted the most influence on Dutch vocabulary since the 12th century?, answer: French | question: What language does Dutch get its second highest percentage of loanwords from?, answer: Latin | question: Together, what percentage of Dutch loanwords comes from High and Low German?, answer: 2.7% | question: In the loanword sharing between Dutch and English, which language got the higher percentage of loanwords?, answer: Dutch
Dvaita Vedanta is a dualistic interpretation of the Vedas, espouses dualism by theorizing the existence of two separate realities. The first and the only independent reality, states the Dvaita school, is that of Vishnu or Brahman. Vishnu is the supreme Self, in a manner similar to monotheistic God in other major religions. The distinguishing factor of Dvaita philosophy, as opposed to monistic Advaita Vedanta, is that God takes on a personal role and is seen as a real eternal entity that governs and controls the universe. Like Vishishtadvaita Vedanta subschool, Dvaita philosophy also embraced Vaishnavism, with the metaphysical concept of Brahman in the Vedas identified with Vishnu and the one and only Supreme Being. However, unlike Vishishtadvaita which envisions ultimate qualified nondualism, the dualism of Dvaita was permanent.

question: Of what does Dvaita Vedanta theorize the existence?, answer: two separate realities | question: To what entity is the Vedanta Vishnu similar in other religions?, answer: monotheistic God | question: How is the God of Dvaita different from that of Advaita in actions?, answer: takes on a personal role | question: As what did the Dvaita school view dualism?, answer: permanent | question: Who did the Dvaita school identify as the Supreme Being?, answer: Vishnu
Dvaitādvaita was proposed by Nimbarka, a 13th-century Vaishnava Philosopher from the Andhra region. According to this philosophy there are three categories of existence: Brahman, soul, and matter. Soul and matter are different from Brahman in that they have attributes and capacities different from Brahman. Brahman exists independently, while soul and matter are dependent. Thus soul and matter have an existence that is separate yet dependent. Further, Brahman is a controller, the soul is the enjoyer, and matter the thing enjoyed. Also, the highest object of worship is Krishna and his consort Radha, attended by thousands of gopis; of the Vrindavan; and devotion consists in self-surrender.

question: What early philosopher proposed Dvaitadvaita?, answer: Nimbarka | question: In what century did Nimbarka live?, answer: 13th-century | question: How many categories of existence are there in Dvaitadvaita?, answer: three | question: What are the categories of existence in Dvaitadvaita?, answer: Brahman, soul, and matter | question: Who is named as the highest entity worshiped in Dvaitadvaita?, answer: Krishna
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (/ˈaɪzənˌhaʊ.ər/ EYE-zən-HOW-ər; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American politician and general who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front. In 1951, he became the first Supreme Commander of NATO.

question: What was Eisenhower's nickname?, answer: Ike | question: What was the middle name of Dwight Eisenhower?, answer: David | question: In what year did Eisenhower's presidency begin?, answer: 1953 | question: During the Second World War, what was the highest position (not rank) Eisenhower achieved?, answer: Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe | question: What was the name of the North African invasion Eisenhower oversaw?, answer: Operation Torch
E 122nd Street runs four blocks (2,250 feet (690 m)) west from the intersection of Second Avenue and terminates at the intersection of Madison Avenue at Marcus Garvey Memorial Park. This segment runs in East Harlem and crosses portions of Third Avenue, Lexington, and Park (Fourth Avenue).

question: How many blocks west of Second Avenue does E 122nd Street run?, answer: four | question: At which park does E 122nd Street end?, answer: Marcus Garvey Memorial Park | question: At which intersection does E 122nd Street terminate?, answer: Madison Avenue | question: What is another name for Fourth Avenue?, answer: Park | question: A segment of what road crosses portions of Third Avenue, Lexington, and Park and runs in East Harlem?, answer: E 122nd Street
ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records, and the laser does not play back colored vinyl or picture discs. Various other laser-based turntables were tried during the 1990s, but while a laser reads the groove very accurately, since it does not touch the record, the dust that vinyl attracts due to static electric charge is not mechanically pushed out of the groove, worsening sound quality in casual use compared to conventional stylus playback.

question: What company out of Japan offered laser turntables that read vinyl discs optically?, answer: ELPJ | question: What was a benedit of laser read discs?, answer: eliminates record wear | question: What was a drawback of laser read discs?, answer: degrade the sound | question: What was the primary use of laser read discs?, answer: archiving of analog records | question: What was a major issue for laser read discs?, answer: dust
EU member countries have shown support for ambitious renewable energy goals. In 2010, Eurobarometer polled the twenty-seven EU member states about the target "to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20 percent by 2020". Most people in all twenty-seven countries either approved of the target or called for it to go further. Across the EU, 57 percent thought the proposed goal was "about right" and 16 percent thought it was "too modest." In comparison, 19 percent said it was "too ambitious".

question: Who has shown support for ambitious renewable energy goals?, answer: EU member countries | question: What group polled the 27 EU member states in 2010?, answer: Eurobarometer | question: The goal was to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20 percent in what year?, answer: 2020
Each August, Turner Classic Movies suspends its regular schedule for a special month of film marathons called "Summer Under the Stars", which features entire daily schedules devoted to the work of a particular actor, with movies and specials that pertain to the star of the day. In the summer of 2007, the channel debuted "Funday Night at the Movies", a block hosted by actor Tom Kenny (best known as the voice of SpongeBob SquarePants). This summer block featured classic feature films (such as The Wizard of Oz, Sounder, Bringing Up Baby, Singin' in the Rain, Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, The Adventures of Robin Hood and 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea) aimed at introducing these movies to new generations of children and their families.

question: In what month does the Summer Under the Stars event take place?, answer: August | question: Who hosted Funday Night at the Movies?, answer: Tom Kenny | question: What character was Tom Kenny best known for portraying?, answer: SpongeBob SquarePants | question: In what year did Funday Night at the Movies first appear?, answer: 2007
Each camp had its own religious personnel; standard bearers, priestly officers and their assistants, including a haruspex, and housekeepers of shrines and images. A senior magistrate-commander (sometimes even a consul) headed it, his chain of subordinates ran it and a ferocious system of training and discipline ensured that every citizen-soldier knew his duty. As in Rome, whatever gods he served in his own time seem to have been his own business; legionary forts and vici included shrines to household gods, personal deities and deities otherwise unknown. From the earliest Imperial era, citizen legionaries and provincial auxiliaries gave cult to the emperor and his familia on Imperial accessions, anniversaries and their renewal of annual vows. They celebrated Rome's official festivals in absentia, and had the official triads appropriate to their function – in the Empire, Jupiter, Victoria and Concordia were typical. By the early Severan era, the military also offered cult to the Imperial divi, the current emperor's numen, genius and domus (or familia), and special cult to the Empress as "mother of the camp." The near ubiquitous legionary shrines to Mithras of the later Imperial era were not part of official cult until Mithras was absorbed into Solar and Stoic Monism as a focus of military concordia and Imperial loyalty.

question: What type of personnel did every camp have?, answer: religious | question: What officer headed the religious personnel of a Roman camp?, answer: senior magistrate-commander | question: In the Imperial era, what cult did legionnaires follow?, answer: emperor | question: Even in other places, of what did the legions keep observance?, answer: Rome's official festivals | question: What person was considered to be "Mother of the camp''?, answer: Empress
Each code point has a single General Category property. The major categories are: Letter, Mark, Number, Punctuation, Symbol, Separator and Other. Within these categories, there are subdivisions. The General Category is not useful for every use, since legacy encodings have used multiple characteristics per single code point. E.g., U+000A <control-000A> Line feed (LF) in ASCII is both a control and a formatting separator; in Unicode the General Category is "Other, Control". Often, other properties must be used to specify the characteristics and behaviour of a code point. The possible General Categories are:

question: What are the General Categories of Unicode?, answer: Letter, Mark, Number, Punctuation, Symbol, Separator and Other | question: What type of use is the General Category not helpful for?, answer: not useful for every use, since legacy encodings have used multiple characteristics per single code point | question: What is the General Category in Unicode?, answer: Other, Control | question: How many General Category properties does each code point have?, answer: a single General Category property | question: What exists within the main Unicode categories?, answer: subdivisions
Each congregation has a body of appointed unpaid male elders and ministerial servants. Elders maintain general responsibility for congregational governance, setting meeting times, selecting speakers and conducting meetings, directing the public preaching work, and creating "judicial committees" to investigate and decide disciplinary action for cases involving sexual misconduct or doctrinal breaches. New elders are appointed by a traveling overseer after recommendation by the existing body of elders. Ministerial servants—appointed in a similar manner to elders—fulfill clerical and attendant duties, but may also teach and conduct meetings. Witnesses do not use elder as a title to signify a formal clergy-laity division, though elders may employ ecclesiastical privilege such as confession of sins.

question: What does each congregation have?, answer: a body of appointed unpaid male elders | question: Whose responsibility is it to conduct meetings and decide action for cases involving sexual misconduct?, answer: Elders | question: Who appoints new elders?, answer: a traveling overseer | question: What does the title of elder not signify?, answer: a formal clergy-laity division | question: What ecclesiastical privilege may elders employ?, answer: confession of sins
Each island has its own high-chief, or ulu-aliki, and several sub-chiefs (alikis). The community council is the Falekaupule (the traditional assembly of elders) or te sina o fenua (literally: "grey-hairs of the land"). In the past, another caste, the priests (tofuga), were also amongst the decision-makers. The ulu-aliki and aliki exercise informal authority at the local level. Ulu-aliki are always chosen based on ancestry. Under the Falekaupule Act (1997), the powers and functions of the Falekaupule are now shared with the pule o kaupule (elected village presidents; one on each atoll).

question: What is the Tuvalu high chief on each island called?, answer: ulu-aliki | question: What is the name of the sub-chiefs in Tuvalu?, answer: alikis | question: What is the Tuvaluan traditional assembly of elders?, answer: Falekaupule | question: What was the caste of priests in the past on Tuvalu?, answer: tofuga | question: With what group do the falekaupule share power on Tuvalu?, answer: pule o kaupule
Each of Rome's legendary or semi-legendary kings was associated with one or more religious institutions still known to the later Republic. Tullus Hostilius and Ancus Marcius instituted the fetial priests. The first "outsider" Etruscan king, Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, founded a Capitoline temple to the triad Jupiter, Juno and Minerva which served as the model for the highest official cult throughout the Roman world. The benevolent, divinely fathered Servius Tullius established the Latin League, its Aventine Temple to Diana, and the Compitalia to mark his social reforms. Servius Tullius was murdered and succeeded by the arrogant Tarquinius Superbus, whose expulsion marked the beginning of Rome as a republic with annually elected magistrates.

question: To what were the first kings of Rome associated?, answer: religious institutions | question: To what group of deities did Lucius Tarquinius Priscus establish a temple?, answer: Jupiter, Juno and Minerva | question: The removal of whom marked the beginning of the Roman Republic?, answer: Tarquinius Superbus | question: Where was the temple to the triad gods established?, answer: Capitoline | question: What organization did Servius Tullius found?, answer: Latin League,
Each of these four dialects was associated with an independent kingdom on the island. Of these, Northumbria south of the Tyne, and most of Mercia, were overrun by the Vikings during the 9th century. The portion of Mercia that was successfully defended, and all of Kent, were then integrated into Wessex under Alfred the Great. From that time on, the West Saxon dialect (then in the form now known as Early West Saxon) became standardised as the language of government, and as the basis for the many works of literature and religious materials produced or translated from Latin in that period.

question: Along with Northumbria, what kingdom was invaded by the Vikings?, answer: Mercia | question: Along with the part of Mercia not conquered by the Vikings, what other kingdom was combined with Wessex by Alfred?, answer: Kent | question: What is the modern name for the West Saxon dialect of Alfred's time?, answer: Early West Saxon | question: From what language was literature notably translated into West Saxon?, answer: Latin | question: North of what river in Northumbria was the kingdom not overrun by the Vikings?, answer: Tyne
Each play constitutes a down. The offence must advance the ball at least ten yards towards the opponents' goal line within three downs or forfeit the ball to their opponents. Once ten yards have been gained the offence gains a new set of three downs (rather than the four downs given in American football). Downs do not accumulate. If the offensive team completes 10 yards on their first play, they lose the other two downs and are granted another set of three. If a team fails to gain ten yards in two downs they usually punt the ball on third down or try to kick a field goal (see below), depending on their position on the field. The team may, however use its third down in an attempt to advance the ball and gain a cumulative 10 yards.

question: What is another term for a completed play?, answer: down | question: How many plays can the offence run without gaining ten yards?, answer: three | question: What does a team do when they have not advance the ball enough to score or likely gain a new set of downs?, answer: punt | question: How many downs does a team get after they've gained ten on their first down?, answer: three
Each republican magistrate held certain constitutional powers. Only the People of Rome (both plebeians and patricians) had the right to confer these powers on any individual magistrate. The most powerful constitutional power was imperium. Imperium was held by both consuls and praetors. Imperium gave a magistrate the authority to command a military force. All magistrates also had the power of coercion. This was used by magistrates to maintain public order. While in Rome, all citizens had a judgement against coercion. This protection was called provocatio (see below). Magistrates also had both the power and the duty to look for omens. This power would often be used to obstruct political opponents.

question: Who had the right to grant powers to a magistrate?, answer: People of Rome | question: What is considered to be the most authoritative constitutional power?, answer: imperium | question: What did the constitutional power of imperium grant a magistrate?, answer: authority to command a military force | question: What would be one of the duties that a newly elected magistrate could expect to perform?, answer: to look for omens | question: What power was in possession of every single magistrate in Rome?, answer: power of coercion
Each sensory system begins with specialized receptor cells, such as light-receptive neurons in the retina of the eye, vibration-sensitive neurons in the cochlea of the ear, or pressure-sensitive neurons in the skin. The axons of sensory receptor cells travel into the spinal cord or brain, where they transmit their signals to a first-order sensory nucleus dedicated to one specific sensory modality. This primary sensory nucleus sends information to higher-order sensory areas that are dedicated to the same modality. Eventually, via a way-station in the thalamus, the signals are sent to the cerebral cortex, where they are processed to extract biologically relevant features, and integrated with signals coming from other sensory systems.

question: Light-receptive neurons are located in what part of the eye?, answer: retina | question: Vibration-sensitive neurons are found in what part of the ear?, answer: cochlea | question: Signals are sent from the thalamus to what part of the brain?, answer: cerebral cortex
Each species of pathogen has a characteristic spectrum of interactions with its human hosts. Some organisms, such as Staphylococcus or Streptococcus, can cause skin infections, pneumonia, meningitis and even overwhelming sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response producing shock, massive vasodilation and death. Yet these organisms are also part of the normal human flora and usually exist on the skin or in the nose without causing any disease at all. Other organisms invariably cause disease in humans, such as the Rickettsia, which are obligate intracellular parasites able to grow and reproduce only within the cells of other organisms. One species of Rickettsia causes typhus, while another causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Chlamydia, another phylum of obligate intracellular parasites, contains species that can cause pneumonia, or urinary tract infection and may be involved in coronary heart disease. Finally, some species, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cenocepacia, and Mycobacterium avium, are opportunistic pathogens and cause disease mainly in people suffering from immunosuppression or cystic fibrosis.

question: How pathogenes interact with it's human host?, answer: pathogen has a characteristic spectrum of interactions | question: Can all bacteria in human body be harmful?, answer: exist on the skin or in the nose without causing any disease | question: Which bacteria cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever disiease?, answer: species of Rickettsia