lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
In 2014, Turkey was ordered by the European Court of Human Rights to pay well over $100m in compensation to Cyprus for the invasion; Ankara announced that it would ignore the judgment. In 2014, a group of Cypriot refugees and a European parliamentarian, later joined by the Cypriot government, filed a complaint to the International Court of Justice, accusing Turkey of violating the Geneva Conventions by directly or indirectly transferring its civilian population into occupied territory. Over the preceding ten years, civilian transfer by Turkey had "reached new heights", in the words of one US ambassador.[f] Other violations of the Geneva and the Hague Conventions—both ratified by Turkey—amount to what archaeologist Sophocles Hadjisavvas called "the organized destruction of Greek and Christian heritage in the north". These violations include looting of cultural treasures, deliberate destruction of churches, neglect of works of art, and altering the names of important historical sites, which was condemned by the International Council on Monuments and Sites. Hadjisavvas has asserted that these actions are motivated by a Turkish policy of erasing the Greek presence in Northern Cyprus within a framework of ethnic cleansing, as well as by greed and profit-seeking on the part of the individuals involved.

question: How much was Turkey ordered to pay in compensation to Cyprus?, answer: over $100m | question: Who was accused of violating the Geneva Conventions?, answer: Turkey | question: What year was Turkey ordered to pay fines to Cyprus?, answer: 2014 | question: Why was Turkey accused of violating the Geneva Conventions?, answer: directly or indirectly transferring its civilian population into occupied territory
In 2014, the FAA changed a long-standing approach to air traffic control candidates that eliminated preferences based on training and experience at flight schools in favor of a personality test open to anyone irrespective of experience. The move was made to increase flight traffic controller racial diversity. Before the change, candidates who had completed coursework at participating colleges and universities could be "fast-tracked" for consideration. The agency eliminated that program and instead switched to an open system to the general public, with no need for any experience or even a college degree. Instead, applicants could take "a biographical questionnaire" that many applicants found baffling.

question: When did the FAA change it's long-standing approach to air traffic control candidates?, answer: 2014 | question: What was now favored instead of training and experince at flight schools?, answer: personality test | question: Who could be an air traffic controller irrespective of experience now because of the rule change?, answer: anyone | question: What did applicants now take that many of them found baffling?, answer: biographical questionnaire
In 2014, the airport received 15 new boarding bridges, totalling 28 in all. This was the main requirement made by the federal government, which transferred the operation of the terminal to the Inframerica Group after an auction. The group invested R$750 million in the project. In the same year, the number of parking spaces doubled, reaching three thousand. The airport's entrance have a new rooftop cover and a new access road. Furthermore, a VIP room was created on Terminal 1's third floor. The investments resulted an increase the capacity of Brasília's airport from approximately 15 million passengers per year to 21 million by 2014. Brasília has direct flights to all states of Brazil and direct international flights to Atlanta, Buenos Aires, Lisbon, Miami, Panama City, and Paris.

question: How many boarding bridges does Brasilia's airport have?, answer: 28 | question: When did the number of boarding bridges at Brasilia's airport nearly double?, answer: 2014 | question: What company now runs Brasilia's airport?, answer: Inframerica Group | question: Besides boarding bridges, what also doubled in 2014 at Brasilia's airport?, answer: the number of parking spaces | question: What is Brasilia's airport's annual passenger capacity after 2014's improvements?, answer: 21 million
In 2014, the league announced the granting of a new franchise to former Mötley Crüe frontman Vince Neil, previously part-owner of the Jacksonville Sharks. That franchise, the Las Vegas Outlaws, were originally to play in Las Vegas at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in 2015, but instead played their home games at the Thomas & Mack Center, previous home to the Las Vegas Sting and Las Vegas Gladiators. After 20 years as a familiar name to the league, an AFL mainstay, the Iowa Barnstormers, departed the league to join the Indoor Football League. The San Antonio Talons folded on October 13, 2014, after the league (which owned the team) failed to find a new owner. On November 16, 2014, despite a successful season record-wise, the Pittsburgh Power became the second team to cease operations after the 2014 season. This resulted from poor attendance. It was later announced by the league that the Power would go dormant for 2015 and were looking for new ownership.

question: What band was Vince Neil a part of?, answer: Mötley Crüe | question: What was the name of the Las Vegas team owned by Vince Neil?, answer: Outlaws | question: What was the original intended home field of the Las Vegas Outlaws?, answer: MGM Grand Garden Arena | question: Where did the Outlaws play their home games?, answer: the Thomas & Mack Center | question: Along with the Las Vegas Gladiators, what prior AFL team played its home games at the Thomas & Mack Center?, answer: Las Vegas Sting
In 2015, fragments of a very early Quran, dating back to 1370 years ago, were discovered in the library of the University of Birmingham, England. According to the tests carried out by Oxford University Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, "with a probability of more than 95%, the parchment was from between 568 and 645". The manuscript is written in Hijazi script, an early form of written Arabic. This is possibly the earliest extant exemplar of the Quran, but as the tests allow a range of possible dates, it cannot be said with certainty which of the existing versions is the oldest. Saudi scholar Saud al-Sarhan has expressed doubt over the age of the fragments as they contain dots and chapter separators that are believed to have originated later.

question: What script were the Birmingham Quran fragments written in?, answer: Hijazi | question: Which modern script descends from the script on the Birmingham Quran fragments?, answer: Arabic | question: What feature of the Birmingham Quran fragments' text make some doubt that it is older than other known versions of the Quran?, answer: dots and chapter separators | question: How many years old were the Quran fragments discovered in Birmingham in 2015?, answer: 1370
In 2015, the system began its transition towards global coverage with the first launch of a new-generation of satellites, and the 17th one within the new system.

question: When did the BeiDou system begin transitioning to global coverage?, answer: 2015 | question: How did the BeiDou system begin transitioning to global coverage?, answer: with the first launch of a new-generation of satellites
In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas.

question: What was Israel's population in 2016?, answer: 8,476,600 | question: How many African migrants entered Israel by June 2012?, answer: 60,000 | question: How many Israelis live in urban areas?, answer: 92%
In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamon and Rhodes for control of the Aegean (204-200 BCE) and ignored Roman demands for non-intervention in Greece by invading Attica. In 198 BC, during the Second Macedonian War Philip was decisively defeated at Cynoscephalae by the Roman proconsul Titus Quinctius Flamininus and Macedon lost all its territories in Greece proper. Greece was now thoroughly brought into the Roman sphere of influence, though it retained nominal autonomy. The end of Antigonid Macedon came when Philip V's son, Perseus, was defeated and captured by the Romans in the Third Macedonian War (171–168 BCE).

question: When did Philip form and alliance with Hannibal of Carthage?, answer: 215 BC | question: When did the First Macedonian War begin?, answer: 212 BC | question: When did the First Macedonian War end?, answer: 205 BC | question: How did the First Macedonian War end?, answer: inconclusively | question: Who defeated Philip?, answer: Titus Quinctius Flamininus
In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and finally in a war against the Seleucids. Ariarathes V also waged war with Rome against Aristonicus, a claimant to the throne of Pergamon, and their forces were annihilated in 130 BCE. This defeat allowed Pontus to invade and conquer the kingdom.

question: Who married Stratonice?, answer: Ariarathes III | question: When did Stratonice marry Ariarathes III?, answer: 255 B.C. | question: Who was Stratonice's father?, answer: Antiochus II | question: Cappadocia began it's realtionship with Rome under whom?, answer: Ariarathes IV | question: What year was Ariarathes V defeated?, answer: 130 BCE
In 295, a certain Maximilian refused military service; in 298 Marcellus renounced his military oath. Both were executed for treason; both were Christians. At some time around 302, a report of ominous haruspicy in Diocletian's domus and a subsequent (but undated) dictat of placatory sacrifice by the entire military triggered a series of edicts against Christianity. The first (303 AD) "ordered the destruction of church buildings and Christian texts, forbade services to be held, degraded ofﬁcials who were Christians, re-enslaved imperial freedmen who were Christians, and reduced the legal rights of all Christians... [Physical] or capital punishments were not imposed on them" but soon after, several Christians suspected of attempted arson in the palace were executed. The second edict threatened Christian priests with imprisonment and the third offered them freedom if they performed sacrifice. An edict of 304 enjoined universal sacrifice to traditional gods, in terms that recall the Decian edict.

question: For what reason were Maximillian and Marcellus executed?, answer: treason | question: In what year did Diocletian's edict order the destruction of Christian churches and texts?, answer: 303 AD | question: In 303 AD what did Christians begin losing?, answer: legal rights | question: To what did the edict of 304 admonish Christians to sacrifice?, answer: traditional gods | question: With what were Christian priests threatened in the second edict?, answer: imprisonment
In 334 BC, Alexander the Great invaded the Achaemenid Empire, defeating the last Achaemenid emperor, Darius III, at the Battle of Issus. Following the premature death of Alexander, Iran came under the control of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. In the middle of the 2nd century BC, the Parthian Empire rose to become the main power in Iran, and the century-long geopolitical arch-rivalry between Romans and Parthians began, culminating in the Roman–Parthian Wars. The Parthian Empire continued as a feudal monarchy for nearly five centuries, until 224 CE, when it was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire. Together with their neighboring arch-rival, the Roman-Byzantines, they made up the world's two most dominant powers at the time, for over four centuries.

question: Who invaded the Archaemenid Empire in 334BC?, answer: Alexander the Great | question: Who was the last Archaemenid Emperor at the time of its defeat by Alexander the Great?, answer: Darius III | question: Who controlled the Archaemenid Empire after Alexander the Great died prematurely?, answer: the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire | question: When did the Parthian Empire rise to become the main power in Iran?, answer: In the middle of the 2nd century BC | question: When did the Sassanid Empire succeed the Parthian Empire in control of Iran?, answer: 224 CE
In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity, even if they differed on matters of terminology. This prepared the groundwork for his definition of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. However, the council also was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and Christ's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those heretic bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies.

question: What happened to Bishop George?, answer: murder | question: What happened to Bishop leaders who did not agree with the doctrine?, answer: severe penance | question: When did Athanasius return to his position as Patriarch?, answer: after the death of Emperor Constantius | question: Who joined him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?, answer: Eusebius of Vercelli
In 376, the Ostrogoths, fleeing from the Huns, received permission from Emperor Valens (r. 364–378) to settle in the Roman province of Thracia in the Balkans. The settlement did not go smoothly, and when Roman officials mishandled the situation, the Ostrogoths began to raid and plunder.[D] Valens, attempting to put down the disorder, was killed fighting the Ostrogoths at the Battle of Adrianople on 9 August 378. As well as the threat from such tribal confederacies from the north, internal divisions within the empire, especially within the Christian Church, caused problems. In 400, the Visigoths invaded the Western Roman Empire and, although briefly forced back from Italy, in 410 sacked the city of Rome. In 406 the Alans, Vandals, and Suevi crossed into Gaul; over the next three years they spread across Gaul and in 409 crossed the Pyrenees Mountains into modern-day Spain. The Migration Period began, where various people, initially largely Germanic peoples, moved across Europe. The Franks, Alemanni, and the Burgundians all ended up in northern Gaul while the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes settled in Britain. In the 430s the Huns began invading the empire; their king Attila (r. 434–453) led invasions into the Balkans in 442 and 447, Gaul in 451, and Italy in 452. The Hunnic threat remained until Attila's death in 453, when the Hunnic confederation he led fell apart. These invasions by the tribes completely changed the political and demographic nature of what had been the Western Roman Empire.

question: In what year did the Ostrogoths settle in the Roman Empire?, answer: 376 | question: Who invited the Ostrogoths to settle in the Roman Empire?, answer: Valens | question: In what province did the Ostrogoths settle?, answer: Thracia | question: At what battle was the Emperor Valens killed?, answer: the Battle of Adrianople | question: When did the Battle of Adrianople occur?, answer: 9 August 378
In 494 BC, the city was at war with two neighboring tribes. The plebeian soldiers refused to march against the enemy, and instead seceded to the Aventine Hill. The plebeians demanded the right to elect their own officials. The patricians agreed, and the plebeians returned to the battlefield. The plebeians called these new officials "plebeian tribunes". The tribunes would have two assistants, called "plebeian aediles". During the 5th century BC, a series of reforms were passed. The result of these reforms was that any law passed by the plebeian would have the full force of law. In 443 BC, the censorship was created. From 375 BC to 371 BC, the republic experienced a constitutional crisis during which the tribunes used their vetoes to prevent the election of senior magistrates.

question: In what year was the city in conflict with two nearby tribes?, answer: 494 BC | question: Which group of people requested the ability to elect officials?, answer: The plebeians | question: What were the assistants to the plebeian tribunes named?, answer: plebeian aediles | question: Who used the vetoes that they had been given to prevent the appointment of magistrates?, answer: the tribunes | question: During what century were reformed passed that allowed laws passed by the plebeians to have the full force of the law?, answer: 5th century BC
In 525 BC, the powerful Achaemenid Persians, led by Cambyses II, began their conquest of Egypt, eventually capturing the pharaoh Psamtik III at the battle of Pelusium. Cambyses II then assumed the formal title of pharaoh, but ruled Egypt from his home of Susa in Persia (modern Iran), leaving Egypt under the control of a satrapy. The entire Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt, from 525 BC to 402 BC, save for Petubastis III, was an entirely Persian ruled period, with the Achaemenid kings all being granted the title of pharaoh. A few temporarily successful revolts against the Persians marked the fifth century BC, but Egypt was never able to permanently overthrow the Persians.

question: Who took control of Egypt in 525 BC?, answer: Achaemenid Persians | question: What pharaoh was captured by the group led by Camyses II?, answer: Psamtik III | question: From where did Camyses II rule Egypt?, answer: Susa in Persia | question: What was the duration of the 27th dynasty of Egypt?, answer: 525 BC to 402 BC,
In 530 BC Cyrus the Great, King of the Persian Achaemenid Empire crossed the Hindu-Kush mountains to seek tribute from the tribes of Kamboja, Gandhara and the trans-India region (modern Afghanistan and Pakistan). By 520 BC, during the reign of Darius I of Persia, much of the northwestern subcontinent (present-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan) came under the rule of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, as part of the far easternmost territories. The area remained under Persian control for two centuries. During this time India supplied mercenaries to the Persian army then fighting in Greece.

question: What Persian king wanted tribute from the tribes of northern India?, answer: Cyrus the Great | question: By 520 BC what empire ruled the northwestern Indian subcontinent?, answer: Persian Achaemenid Empire | question: What king ruled Persia in 520 BC?, answer: Darius I of Persia | question: How long did the Persian empire control the northern India subcontinent?, answer: two centuries | question: What did India supply to the Persian war efforts against Greece?, answer: mercenaries
In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers.

question: Who founded the Achaemenid Empire when the city states in Iran came together in unification?, answer: Cyrus the Great | question: When did Cyrus the Great found the Achaemenid Empire?, answer: 550 BC | question: Who triggered the Persian Revolt?, answer: the Median ruler Astyages | question: What resulted from the Persian Revolt?, answer: The conquest of Media
In 586 BCE King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon conquered Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, he destroyed Solomon's Temple and exiled the Jews to Babylon. The defeat was also recorded by the Babylonians (see the Babylonian Chronicles). In 538 BCE, Cyrus the Great of Persia conquered Babylon and took over its empire. Cyrus issued a proclamation granting subjugated nations (including the people of Judah) religious freedom (for the original text, which corroborates the biblical narrative only in very broad terms, see the Cyrus Cylinder). According to the Hebrew Bible 50,000 Judeans, led by Zerubabel, returned to Judah and rebuilt the temple. A second group of 5,000, led by Ezra and Nehemiah, returned to Judah in 456 BCE although non-Jews wrote to Cyrus to try to prevent their return.

question: Who conquered Judah?, answer: King Nebuchadnezzar II | question: How many Judeans did Zerubabel return to Judah?, answer: 50,000 | question: How many Judeans did Ezra lead?, answer: 5,000
In 62 BC, Pompey returned victorious from Asia. The Senate, elated by its successes against Catiline, refused to ratify the arrangements that Pompey had made. Pompey, in effect, became powerless. Thus, when Julius Caesar returned from a governorship in Spain in 61 BC, he found it easy to make an arrangement with Pompey. Caesar and Pompey, along with Crassus, established a private agreement, now known as the First Triumvirate. Under the agreement, Pompey's arrangements would be ratified. Caesar would be elected consul in 59 BC, and would then serve as governor of Gaul for five years. Crassus was promised a future consulship.

question: In which year would Julius Caesar hope to be elected to the position of consul?, answer: 59 BC | question: What was the name of the private agreement between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus?, answer: First Triumvirate | question: What was Crassus agree to receive in the First Triumvirate agreement?, answer: a future consulship | question: When did Julius Caesar return to Rome?, answer: 61 BC | question: What provided the Roman senate with exuberance?, answer: successes against Catiline