lmqg/qag_squad huggingface dataset:
Two distinct viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a dimension in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. An opposing view is that time does not refer to any kind of actually existing dimension that events and objects "move through", nor to any entity that "flows", but that it is instead an intellectual concept (together with space and number) that enables humans to sequence and compare events. This second view, in the tradition of Gottfried Leibniz and Immanuel Kant, holds that space and time "do not exist in and of themselves, but ... are the product of the way we represent things", because we can know objects only as they appear to us.

question: How many main viewpoints divide many philosophers?, answer: Two | question: The realist view states that time is part of the fundamental structure of what?, answer: the universe | question: The realist view is sometimes referred to as what?, answer: Newtonian time | question: The opposing view states that time is an intellectual concept that allows people to what?, answer: to sequence and compare events
Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS.

question: What animal species was delisted in August 2008?, answer: the Virginia northern flying squirrel | question: How long had the squirrel been listed as endangered?, answer: listed since 1985 | question: Which president signed an Act directing the delisting of the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf?, answer: President Obama
Two groups G and H are called isomorphic if there exist group homomorphisms a: G → H and b: H → G, such that applying the two functions one after another in each of the two possible orders gives the identity functions of G and H. That is, a(b(h)) = h and b(a(g)) = g for any g in G and h in H. From an abstract point of view, isomorphic groups carry the same information. For example, proving that g • g = 1G for some element g of G is equivalent to proving that a(g) ∗ a(g) = 1H, because applying a to the first equality yields the second, and applying b to the second gives back the first.

question: What are two groups called if they include homomorphisms?, answer: isomorphic | question: What similar element do isomorphic groups carry?, answer: isomorphic groups | question: How can showing the second equality yields the first prove the concept of isomorphic groups?, answer: applying a to the first equality yields the second
Two groups of invertebrates have notably complex brains: arthropods (insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and others), and cephalopods (octopuses, squids, and similar molluscs). The brains of arthropods and cephalopods arise from twin parallel nerve cords that extend through the body of the animal. Arthropods have a central brain with three divisions and large optical lobes behind each eye for visual processing. Cephalopods such as the octopus and squid have the largest brains of any invertebrates.

question: Which two groups of invertebrates have complex brains?, answer: arthropods (insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and others), and cephalopods | question: Arthropods and cephalopods have brains that come from a pair of what?, answer: parallel nerve cords | question: The invertebrates with the largest brain are what two animals?, answer: octopus and squid
Two inland ports on rivers serve Oklahoma: the Port of Muskogee and the Tulsa Port of Catoosa. The only port handling international cargo in the state, the Tulsa Port of Catoosa is the most inland ocean-going port in the nation and ships over two million tons of cargo each year. Both ports are located on the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, which connects barge traffic from Tulsa and Muskogee to the Mississippi River via the Verdigris and Arkansas rivers, contributing to one of the busiest waterways in the world.

question: How many ports does Oklahoma have?, answer: Two | question: Which port in Oklahoma handles international cargo?, answer: Tulsa Port of Catoosa | question: Where is the furthest-inland oceangoing port in the US?, answer: Tulsa | question: How many tons of cargo does the Tulsa Port of Catoosa ship annually?, answer: over two million | question: What connects the two Oklahoma ports?, answer: the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System
Two major hardware revisions of the Xbox 360 have succeeded the original models; the Xbox 360 S (also referred to as the "Slim") replaced the original "Elite" and "Arcade" models in 2010. The S model carries a smaller, streamlined appearance with an angular case, and utilizes a redesigned motherboard designed to alleviate the hardware and overheating issues experienced by prior models. It also includes a proprietary port for use with the Kinect sensor. The Xbox 360 E, a further streamlined variation of the 360 S with a two-tone rectangular case inspired by Xbox One, was released in 2013. In addition to its revised aesthetics, Xbox 360 E also has one fewer USB port and no longer supports S/PDIF.

question: How many major hardware revisions has the 360 had?, answer: Two | question: By what other name is the 360 S model known?, answer: "Slim" | question: Which SKUs did the 360 S replace?, answer: the original "Elite" and "Arcade" models | question: What component of the 360 S prevents overheating issues prevalent in prior versions?, answer: a redesigned motherboard | question: What video input format is not supported by the 360 E?, answer: S/PDIF
Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Little Boy device became the first nuclear weapon used in war when it was detonated over the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. Exploding with a yield equivalent to 12,500 tonnes of TNT, the blast and thermal wave of the bomb destroyed nearly 50,000 buildings and killed approximately 75,000 people (see Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki). Initially it was believed that uranium was relatively rare, and that nuclear proliferation could be avoided by simply buying up all known uranium stocks, but within a decade large deposits of it were discovered in many places around the world.

question: What was the uranium-based bomb made by the US in World War II called?, answer: Little Boy | question: What was the codename of the plutonium-based bomb created in the Second World War?, answer: Fat Man | question: On what date was Little Boy detonated?, answer: 6 August 1945 | question: What was the equivalent yield in TNT of the Little Boy bomb, in tonnes?, answer: 12,500 | question: Over what city was Little Boy detonated?, answer: Hiroshima
Two other major parks in the city along the river are Byrd Park and Maymont, located near the Fan District. Byrd Park features a one-mile (1.6 km) running track, with exercise stops, a public dog park, and a number of small lakes for small boats, as well as two monuments, Buddha house, and an amphitheatre. Prominently featured in the park is the World War I Memorial Carillon, built in 1926 as a memorial to those that died in the war. Maymont, located adjacent to Byrd Park, is a 100-acre (40 ha) Victorian estate with a museum, formal gardens, native wildlife exhibits, nature center, carriage collection, and children's farm. Other parks in the city include Joseph Bryan Park Azalea Garden, Forest Hill Park (former site of the Forest Hill Amusement Park), Chimborazo Park (site of the National Battlefield Headquarters), among others.

question: What part of Richmond is Maymont close to?, answer: Fan District | question: How many kilometers long is the track in Byrd Park?, answer: 1.6 | question: How many monuments can be found in Byrd Park?, answer: two | question: In what year was the World War I Memorial Carillon constructed?, answer: 1926 | question: What was previously located at the present location of Forest Hill Park?, answer: Forest Hill Amusement Park
Two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area. In 1999, the remains of a Bronze Age bridge were found on the foreshore north of Vauxhall Bridge. This bridge either crossed the Thames, or went to a now lost island in the river. Dendrology dated the timbers to 1500 BC. In 2010 the foundations of a large timber structure, dated to 4500 BC, were found on the Thames foreshore, south of Vauxhall Bridge. The function of the mesolithic structure is not known. Both structures are on South Bank, at a natural crossing point where the River Effra flows into the River Thames.

question: What river flows into the River Thames?, answer: the River Effra | question: The remains of an ancient bridge found on the shore of the River Thames was dated back to what archaeological period?, answer: Bronze Age | question: The remains of what type of structure from the mesolithic period was found on the River Thames's foreshore?, answer: not known | question: How many ancient structures' ruins have been found near the River Thames in recent history?, answer: Two | question: The remains of an unknown ancient structure found on the River Thames foreshore dated back to approximately what year?, answer: 4500 BC
Two types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms, while charging downstream ports provide additional detection logic so their presence can be determined by attached devices. (see ref pg. 2, Section 1.4.5, & Table 5-3 "Resistances"—pg. 29).

question: How many types of charging ports exist?, answer: Two types | question: What can a portable device recognize?, answer: the type of USB port | question: What are the D+ and D- shortened with?, answer: a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms
Two years later, the Emperor Valens, who favored the Arian position, in his turn exiled Athanasius. This time however, Athanasius simply left for the outskirts of Alexandria, where he stayed for only a few months before the local authorities convinced Valens to retract his order of exile. Some early reports state that Athanasius spent this period of exile at his family's ancestral tomb in a Christian cemetery. It was during this period, the final exile, that he is said to have spent four months in hiding in his father's tomb. (Soz., "Hist. Eccl.", VI, xii; Soc., "Hist. Eccl.", IV, xii).

question: What Christian beliefs did Emperor Valens adhere to?, answer: Arian | question: Where did Athanasius during his latest exile?, answer: outskirts of Alexandria | question: For how long was he exiled this time?, answer: few months | question: Where did he hide during this time?, answer: his father's tomb | question: Who convinced Valens to let him return to Alexandria?, answer: local authorities
Two years later, the Royal African Company was inaugurated, receiving from King Charles a monopoly of the trade to supply slaves to the British colonies of the Caribbean. From the outset, slavery was the basis of the British Empire in the West Indies. Until the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, Britain was responsible for the transportation of 3.5 million African slaves to the Americas, a third of all slaves transported across the Atlantic. To facilitate this trade, forts were established on the coast of West Africa, such as James Island, Accra and Bunce Island. In the British Caribbean, the percentage of the population of African descent rose from 25 percent in 1650 to around 80 percent in 1780, and in the 13 Colonies from 10 percent to 40 percent over the same period (the majority in the southern colonies). For the slave traders, the trade was extremely profitable, and became a major economic mainstay for such western British cities as Bristol and Liverpool, which formed the third corner of the so-called triangular trade with Africa and the Americas. For the transported, harsh and unhygienic conditions on the slaving ships and poor diets meant that the average mortality rate during the Middle Passage was one in seven.

question: Which company had monopoly of the trade to supply slaves to the British colonies of the Caribbean?, answer: Royal African Company | question: When was the British slave trade abolished?, answer: 1807 | question: How many African slaves did Britain transport to the Americas?, answer: 3.5 million | question: The triangular slave trade was between Africa, the Americas, and which British cities?, answer: Bristol and Liverpool | question: What was the death rate during the Middle Passage?, answer: one in seven
Typical jungle animals, particularly tigers and leopards, occur sparsely in Myanmar. In upper Myanmar, there are rhinoceros, wild buffalo, wild boars, deer, antelope, and elephants, which are also tamed or bred in captivity for use as work animals, particularly in the lumber industry. Smaller mammals are also numerous, ranging from gibbons and monkeys to flying foxes and tapirs. The abundance of birds is notable with over 800 species, including parrots, peafowl, pheasants, crows, herons, and paddybirds. Among reptile species there are crocodiles, geckos, cobras, Burmese pythons, and turtles. Hundreds of species of freshwater fish are wide-ranging, plentiful and are very important food sources. For a list of protected areas, see List of protected areas of Myanmar.

question: What industry is supported by animal labor in Burma ?, answer: the lumber industry | question: What is an important protein source in the Burmese diet?, answer: Hundreds of species of freshwater fish | question: What animals where domesticated in Burma for industry use ?, answer: elephants, which are also tamed or bred in captivity for use as work animals | question: What is note worthy about the bird population of Burma ?, answer: The abundance of birds is notable with over 800 species | question: Are large jungle cats part of the animal population of Burma ?, answer: Typical jungle animals, particularly tigers and leopards, occur sparsely in Myanmar
Typical of Slavic languages, Czech marks its verbs for one of two grammatical aspects: perfective and imperfective. Most verbs are part of inflected aspect pairs—for example, koupit (perfective) and kupovat (imperfective). Although the verbs' meaning is similar, in perfective verbs the action is completed and in imperfective verbs it is ongoing. This is distinct from past and present tense, and any Czech verb of either aspect can be conjugated into any of its three tenses. Aspect describes the state of the action at the time specified by the tense.

question: What do Slavic languages tend to do to their verbs?, answer: marks | question: What describes the state of the action of the verb at the time specified by its tense?, answer: Aspect | question: What two grammatical aspects can verbs in Czech have?, answer: perfective and imperfective | question: In perfective verbs, what state is the action the verb describes in?, answer: completed | question: In which verbs in Czech is the action the verb describes still ongoing?, answer: imperfective
Typical second wave corruption metrics do not offer the worldwide coverage found in first wave projects, and instead focus on localizing information gathered to specific problems and creating deep, "unpackable"[clarification needed] content that matches quantitative and qualitative data.

question: The second wave of metrics focuses on what level of corruption?, answer: local | question: Unlike the first wave, the second wave does not offer what type of coverage?, answer: worldwide
Typical stringed instruments of the early period include the harp, lute, vielle, and psaltery, while wind instruments included the flute family (including recorder), shawm (an early member of the oboe family), trumpet, and the bagpipes. Simple pipe organs existed, but were largely confined to churches, although there were portable varieties. Later in the period, early versions of keyboard instruments like the clavichord and harpsichord began to appear. Stringed instruments such as the viol had emerged by the 16th century, as had a wider variety of brass and reed instruments. Printing enabled the standardization of descriptions and specifications of instruments, as well as instruction in their use.

question: The record is part of what wind family?, answer: the flute family | question: The sahwm was an early family member of what instrument?, answer: the oboe | question: Where were the first pipe organs confined to?, answer: churches | question: When had the viol emerged by?, answer: the 16th century | question: What enabled descriptions and specification of instruments?, answer: Printing
Typical use of the various technologies described above include calling or conferencing on a one-on-one, one-to-many or many-to-many basis for personal, business, educational, deaf Video Relay Service and tele-medical, diagnostic and rehabilitative use or services. New services utilizing videocalling and videoconferencing, such as teachers and psychologists conducting online sessions, personal videocalls to inmates incarcerated in penitentiaries, and videoconferencing to resolve airline engineering issues at maintenance facilities, are being created or evolving on an ongoing basis.

question: What is a common use of conferencing technology?, answer: deaf Video Relay Service | question: What profession utilizes videoconferencing technology to conduct online sessions?, answer: teachers | question: What is one way that videocalling can be used?, answer: personal videocalls to inmates | question: What is a common use of conferencing technology?, answer: tele-medical
Typically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically connected (often through a transmission line) to the receiver or transmitter. An oscillating current of electrons forced through the antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field around the antenna elements, while the charge of the electrons also creates an oscillating electric field along the elements. These time-varying fields radiate away from the antenna into space as a moving transverse electromagnetic field wave. Conversely, during reception, the oscillating electric and magnetic fields of an incoming radio wave exert force on the electrons in the antenna elements, causing them to move back and forth, creating oscillating currents in the antenna.

question: What is frequently used to connect elements to the receiver?, answer: transmission line | question: During transmission does the electric field wave move closer to the antenna?, answer: radiate away | question: What particles are pushed through the antenna by a transmitter?, answer: electrons | question: During what process would electrons be vacillating in the antenna?, answer: reception
Typically the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, with frequent clear skies, provides more than 300 days of sunshine per year. It is situated at the southern edge of the tropics; the Tropic of Capricorn cuts the country about in half. The winter (June – August) is generally dry, both rainy seasons occur in summer, the small rainy season between September and November, the big one between February and April. Humidity is low, and average rainfall varies from almost zero in the coastal desert to more than 600 mm in the Caprivi Strip. Rainfall is however highly variable, and droughts are common. The last[update] bad rainy season with rainfall far below the annual average occurred in summer 2006/07.

question: What is the typical amount of sunshine days in Tropical high pressure belt?, answer: 300 days | question: What feature cuts Namibia in half?, answer: the Tropic of Capricorn | question: What is the winter in Namibia like?, answer: dry | question: When is the rainiest season in Namibia?, answer: between February and April | question: What is humidity like in Namibia?, answer: low
Typically, matches are staged between a protagonist (historically an audience favorite, known as a babyface, or "the good guy") and an antagonist (historically a villain with arrogance, a tendency to break rules, or other unlikable qualities, called a heel). In recent years, however, antiheroes have also become prominent in professional wrestling. There is also a less common role of a "tweener", who is neither fully face nor fully heel yet able to play either role effectively (case in point, Samoa Joe during his first run in TNA from June 2005 to November 2006).

question: What are other names for a protagonist?, answer: babyface, or "the good guy" | question: What will an antagonist usually do?, answer: break rules | question: What is a wrestler whose persona is somewhere between the two norms called?, answer: tweener | question: Who is generally the audience favorite?, answer: protagonist
Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In Times New Roman, for instance, b, d, f, h, k, l, t are the letters with ascenders, and g, j, p, q, y are the ones with descenders. Further to this, with old-style numerals still used by some traditional or classical fonts—although most do have a set of alternative Lining Figures— 6 and 8 make up the ascender set, and 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 the descender set.

question: Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules?, answer: generally have the same height | question: In Time New Roman the letter "b" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height?, answer: ascenders | question: Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter?, answer: lower than the average | question: Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts?, answer: 8
Typologically, Estonian represents a transitional form from an agglutinating language to a fusional language. The canonical word order is SVO (subject–verb–object).

question: What is the typological form of Estonian?, answer: transitional | question: What is Estonian typologically transitioning from?, answer: an agglutinating language | question: What sort of form is Estonian transitioning into?, answer: a fusional language | question: How are words ordered in Estonian canonically?, answer: subject–verb–object