lmqg/qa_squad huggingface dataset:
The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices.

Question: What institute at Notre Dame studies the reasons for violent conflict?
Answer: Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies

Question: What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh?
Answer: President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame

Question: In what year was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded?
Answer: 1986

Question: To whom was John B. Kroc married?
Answer: Ray Kroc

Question: What company did Ray Kroc own?
Answer: McDonald's
Besides its prominence in sports, Notre Dame is also a large, four-year, highly residential research University, and is consistently ranked among the top twenty universities in the United States and as a major global university. The undergraduate component of the university is organized into four colleges (Arts and Letters, Science, Engineering, Business) and the Architecture School. The latter is known for teaching New Classical Architecture and for awarding the globally renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize. Notre Dame's graduate program has more than 50 master's, doctoral and professional degree programs offered by the five schools, with the addition of the Notre Dame Law School and a MD-PhD program offered in combination with IU medical School. It maintains a system of libraries, cultural venues, artistic and scientific museums, including Hesburgh Library and the Snite Museum of Art. Over 80% of the university's 8,000 undergraduates live on campus in one of 29 single-sex residence halls, each with its own traditions, legacies, events and intramural sports teams. The university counts approximately 120,000 alumni, considered among the strongest alumni networks among U.S. colleges.

Question: Where among US universities does Notre Dame rank?
Answer: among the top twenty

Question: How many individual colleges are part of Notre Dame?
Answer: four

Question: Which prize does the Architecture School at Notre Dame give out?
Answer: Driehaus Architecture Prize

Question: How many doctorate and masters programs are available at Notre Dame?
Answer: more than 50

Question: Which art museum does Notre Dame administer?
Answer: Snite Museum of Art
Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (/biːˈjɒnseɪ/ bee-YON-say) (born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".

Question: When did Beyonce start becoming popular?
Answer: in the late 1990s

Question: What areas did Beyonce compete in when she was growing up?
Answer: singing and dancing

Question: When did Beyonce leave Destiny's Child and become a solo singer?
Answer: 2003

Question: In what city and state did Beyonce grow up?
Answer: Houston, Texas

Question: In which decade did Beyonce become famous?
Answer: late 1990s

Question: In what R&B group was she the lead singer?
Answer: Destiny's Child

Question: What album made her a worldwide known artist?
Answer: Dangerously in Love

Question: Who managed the Destiny's Child group?
Answer: Mathew Knowles

Question: In what city did Beyonce grow up?
Answer: Houston

Question: What was the name of Beyonce's first solo album?
Answer: Dangerously in Love

Question: On what date was Beyonce born?
Answer: September 4, 1981

Question: What is Beyonce's full name?
Answer: Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter

Question: When did Beyoncé rise to fame?
Answer: late 1990s

Question: What role did Beyoncé have in Destiny's Child?
Answer: lead singer

Question: What was the first album Beyoncé released as a solo artist?
Answer: Dangerously in Love

Question: When did Beyoncé release Dangerously in Love?
Answer: 2003

Question: How many Grammy awards did Beyoncé win for her first solo album?
Answer: five

Question: What was Beyoncé's role in Destiny's Child?
Answer: lead singer

Question: What was the name of Beyoncé's first solo album?
Answer: Dangerously in Love

Question: When did Beyoncé release her first solo album?
Answer: 2003
Following the disbandment of Destiny's Child in June 2005, she released her second solo album, B'Day (2006), which contained hits "Déjà Vu", "Irreplaceable", and "Beautiful Liar". Beyoncé also ventured into acting, with a Golden Globe-nominated performance in Dreamgirls (2006), and starring roles in The Pink Panther (2006) and Obsessed (2009). Her marriage to rapper Jay Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008) influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), which saw the birth of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)". Beyoncé took a hiatus from music in 2010 and took over management of her career; her fourth album 4 (2011) was subsequently mellower in tone, exploring 1970s funk, 1980s pop, and 1990s soul. Her critically acclaimed fifth studio album, Beyoncé (2013), was distinguished from previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes.

Question: After her second solo album, what other entertainment venture did Beyonce explore?
Answer: acting

Question: Which artist did Beyonce marry?
Answer: Jay Z

Question: To set the record for Grammys, how many did Beyonce win?
Answer: six

Question: For what movie did Beyonce receive her first Golden Globe nomination?
Answer: Dreamgirls

Question: When did Beyonce take a hiatus in her career and take control of her management?
Answer: 2010

Question: Which album was darker in tone from her previous work?
Answer: Beyoncé

Question: After what movie portraying Etta James, did Beyonce create Sasha Fierce?
Answer: Cadillac Records

Question: When did Destiny's Child end their group act?
Answer: June 2005

Question: What was the name of Beyoncé's second solo album?
Answer: B'Day

Question: What was Beyoncé's first acting job, in 2006?
Answer: Dreamgirls

Question: Who is Beyoncé married to?
Answer: Jay Z

Question: What is the name of Beyoncé's alter-ego?
Answer: Sasha Fierce
Beyoncé attended St. Mary's Elementary School in Fredericksburg, Texas, where she enrolled in dance classes. Her singing talent was discovered when dance instructor Darlette Johnson began humming a song and she finished it, able to hit the high-pitched notes. Beyoncé's interest in music and performing continued after winning a school talent show at age seven, singing John Lennon's "Imagine" to beat 15/16-year-olds. In fall of 1990, Beyoncé enrolled in Parker Elementary School, a music magnet school in Houston, where she would perform with the school's choir. She also attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts and later Alief Elsik High School. Beyoncé was also a member of the choir at St. John's United Methodist Church as a soloist for two years.

Question: What town did Beyonce go to school in?
Answer: Fredericksburg

Question: Who was the first person to notice Beyonce's singing ability?
Answer: Darlette Johnson

Question: Beyonce moved to which town after she left her first elementary school?
Answer: Houston

Question: Which of her teachers discovered Beyonce's musical talent?
Answer: dance instructor Darlette Johnson

Question: I which church was Beyonce a member and soloist in the choir?
Answer: St. John's United Methodist Church

Question: What type of school was Parker Elementary School?
Answer: music magnet school

Question: Which song did Beyonce sing to win a competition at age 7?
Answer: Imagine

Question: What city was Beyoncé's elementary school located in?
Answer: Fredericksburg

Question: What was the name of Beyoncé's first dance instructor?
Answer: Darlette Johnson

Question: How old was Beyoncé when she won a school talent show?
Answer: seven

Question: What choir did Beyoncé sing in for two years?
Answer: St. John's United Methodist Church
Beyoncé's first solo recording was a feature on Jay Z's "'03 Bonnie & Clyde" that was released in October 2002, peaking at number four on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. Her first solo album Dangerously in Love was released on June 24, 2003, after Michelle Williams and Kelly Rowland had released their solo efforts. The album sold 317,000 copies in its first week, debuted atop the Billboard 200, and has since sold 11 million copies worldwide. The album's lead single, "Crazy in Love", featuring Jay Z, became Beyoncé's first number-one single as a solo artist in the US. The single "Baby Boy" also reached number one, and singles, "Me, Myself and I" and "Naughty Girl", both reached the top-five. The album earned Beyoncé a then record-tying five awards at the 46th Annual Grammy Awards; Best Contemporary R&B Album, Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for "Dangerously in Love 2", Best R&B Song and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Crazy in Love", and Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for "The Closer I Get to You" with Luther Vandross.

Question: What was the highest Beyonce's first solo recording achieved in the Billboard Hot 100?
Answer: number four

Question: Beyonce's first album by herself was called what?
Answer: Dangerously in Love

Question: How many has "Dangerously in Love" sould worldwide since its debut?
Answer: 11 million

Question: Beyonce's first number one song was which song?
Answer: Crazy in Love

Question: How many top five singles came from her first album?
Answer: four

Question: Beyonce's first solo album in the U.S. with what artist in the lead single?
Answer: Jay Z

Question: What solo album did Beyonce release in 2003?
Answer: Dangerously in Love

Question: The album, Dangerously in Love achieved what spot on the Billboard Top 100 chart?
Answer: number four

Question: "The Closer I get to You" was recorded with which artist?
Answer: Luther Vandross

Question: Which artist was associated with Beyoncé's premiere solo recording?
Answer: Jay Z

Question: When did Beyoncé release her first solo album?
Answer: June 24, 2003

Question: What is the lead single on Beyoncé's first album?
Answer: Crazy in Love

Question: Who helped Beyoncé earn a Grammy award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group at the 46th annual Grammy Awards?
Answer: Luther Vandross.

Question: How many awards did Beyoncé win at the 46th Grammy's Awards?
Answer: five.
In November 2003, she embarked on the Dangerously in Love Tour in Europe and later toured alongside Missy Elliott and Alicia Keys for the Verizon Ladies First Tour in North America. On February 1, 2004, Beyoncé performed the American national anthem at Super Bowl XXXVIII, at the Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas. After the release of Dangerously in Love, Beyoncé had planned to produce a follow-up album using several of the left-over tracks. However, this was put on hold so she could concentrate on recording Destiny Fulfilled, the final studio album by Destiny's Child. Released on November 15, 2004, in the US and peaking at number two on the Billboard 200, Destiny Fulfilled included the singles "Lose My Breath" and "Soldier", which reached the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Destiny's Child embarked on a worldwide concert tour, Destiny Fulfilled... and Lovin' It and during the last stop of their European tour, in Barcelona on June 11, 2005, Rowland announced that Destiny's Child would disband following the North American leg of the tour. The group released their first compilation album Number 1's on October 25, 2005, in the US and accepted a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in March 2006.

Question: Destiny's Child's final album was named what?
Answer: Destiny Fulfilled

Question: Destiny's Child got a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in what year?
Answer: 2006

Question: In what year did Beyonce embark on her Dangerously in Love tour of Europe?
Answer: November 2003

Question: What was the name of the final album of Destiny's Child?
Answer: Destiny Fulfilled

Question: It was announced that Destiny's Child would disban in what European city?
Answer: Barcelona

Question: When did Destiny's Child get their star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame?
Answer: March 2006

Question: What was the name of Beyoncé's European start that started in November 2003?
Answer: Dangerously in Love Tour

Question: Who did Beyoncé tour with for the Verizon Lades First Tour?
Answer: Missy Elliott and Alicia Keys

Question: What major event did Beyoncé perform at on February 1, 2004?
Answer: Super Bowl XXXVIII

Question: What is the name of the final studio album from Destiny's Child?
Answer: Destiny Fulfilled.
Beyoncé further expanded her acting career, starring as blues singer Etta James in the 2008 musical biopic, Cadillac Records. Her performance in the film received praise from critics, and she garnered several nominations for her portrayal of James, including a Satellite Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress, and a NAACP Image Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress. Beyoncé donated her entire salary from the film to Phoenix House, an organization of rehabilitation centers for heroin addicts around the country. On January 20, 2009, Beyoncé performed James' "At Last" at the First Couple's first inaugural ball. Beyoncé starred opposite Ali Larter and Idris Elba in the thriller, Obsessed. She played Sharon Charles, a mother and wife who learns of a woman's obsessive behavior over her husband. Although the film received negative reviews from critics, the movie did well at the US box office, grossing $68 million—$60 million more than Cadillac Records—on a budget of $20 million. The fight scene finale between Sharon and the character played by Ali Larter also won the 2010 MTV Movie Award for Best Fight.

Question: Beyonce portrayed which character in the film, Cadillac Records?
Answer: Etta James

Question: Beyonce gave her entire salary from Cadillac Records to which organization?
Answer: Phoenix House

Question: Which song did Beyonce sing at the first couple's inaugural ball?
Answer: At Last

Question: What genre of film was the movie, Obsessed, in which Beyonce starred in?
Answer: thriller

Question: A fight scene from the movie, Obsessed, won which award for Beyonce?
Answer: MTV Movie Award for Best Fight

Question: Where did Beyonce donate her salary from the movie Cadillac Records?
Answer: Phoenix House

Question: What thriller film did Beyonce star in?
Answer: Obsessed

Question: What was the name of the woman she played in Obsessed?
Answer: Sharon Charles

Question: How much more that the buget did the film gross?
Answer: 60 million

Question: Which singer did Beyoncé portray in Cadillac Records?
Answer: Etta James

Question: Which organization received Beyoncé's entire Cadillac Records salary?
Answer: Phoenix House

Question: Where did Beyoncé perform on January 20, 2009?
Answer: the First Couple's first inaugural ball.

Question: Which thriller film did Beyoncé star in with Ali Larter?
Answer: Obsessed.
On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security. Two days later, Jay Z released "Glory", a song dedicated to their child, on his website Lifeandtimes.com. The song detailed the couple's pregnancy struggles, including a miscarriage Beyoncé suffered before becoming pregnant with Blue Ivy. Blue Ivy's cries are included at the end of the song, and she was officially credited as "B.I.C." on it. At two days old, she became the youngest person ever to appear on a Billboard chart when "Glory" debuted on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Question: Jay Z has a website called what?
Answer: Lifeandtimes.com

Question: Which song by Jay Z talked about the pregnancy struggles?
Answer: Glory

Question: What was the name of Beyonce's daughter?
Answer: Blue Ivy Carter

Question: At what hospital was the baby delivered?
Answer: Lenox Hill Hospital

Question: What was the named of the song dedicated to the child?
Answer: Glory

Question: What does B.I.C. stand for?
Answer: Blue Ivy Carter

Question: Who was credited for her cries on the song?
Answer: B.I.C.

Question: When did Beyoncé give birth to her daughter?
Answer: January 7, 2012

Question: What did Beyoncé and Jay Z name their daughter?
Answer: Blue Ivy Carter

Question: What song did Jay Z release two days after Blue Ivy was born?
Answer: Glory

Question: What is included at the end of Glory?
Answer: Blue Ivy's cries

Question: How was Blue Ivy credited on Glory?
Answer: B.I.C.
In 2001, she became the first African-American woman and second woman songwriter to win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award at the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Pop Music Awards. Beyoncé was the third woman to have writing credits on three number one songs ("Irreplaceable", "Grillz" and "Check on It") in the same year, after Carole King in 1971 and Mariah Carey in 1991. She is tied with American songwriter Diane Warren at third with nine songwriting credits on number-one singles. (The latter wrote her 9/11-motivated song "I Was Here" for 4.) In May 2011, Billboard magazine listed Beyoncé at number 17 on their list of the "Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters", for having co-written eight singles that hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. She was one of only three women on that list.

Question: Pop Songwriter of the Year award in 2001 was awarded to whom?
Answer: Beyoncé

Question: Beyonce received the Pop Songwriter of the Year award at which event?
Answer: American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Pop Music Awards

Question: Beyonce has the same number of writing credits on number one singles as whom?
Answer: Diane Warren

Question: Beyonce joined 2 other women on what list from Billboard magazine in 2011?
Answer: Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters

Question: When did Beyonce become the first African American woman to win Pop songwriter of the year?
Answer: 2001

Question: What place is she tied for in songwriting credits?
Answer: third

Question: Who listed her at number 17 in their list of Top 20 hot 100 Songwriters?
Answer: Billboard magazine

Question: Where does she place in writing credits for three number one songs?
Answer: third woman

Question: What did Beyoncé win in 2001, making her the first black woman to do so?
Answer: Pop Songwriter of the Year award

Question: Who gave Beyoncé the Pop Songwriter of the Year award in 2001?
Answer: the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Pop Music Awards.

Question: Beyoncé was one of how many women on Billboard magazine's 2011 "Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters" list.
Answer: three

Question: What number was Beyoncé on the Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters list?
Answer: 17
In 2006, Beyoncé introduced her all-female tour band Suga Mama (also the name of a song in B'Day) which includes bassists, drummers, guitarists, horn players, keyboardists and percussionists. Her background singers, The Mamas, consist of Montina Cooper-Donnell, Crystal Collins and Tiffany Moniqué Riddick. They made their debut appearance at the 2006 BET Awards and re-appeared in the music videos for "Irreplaceable" and "Green Light". The band have supported Beyoncé in most subsequent live performances, including her 2007 concert tour The Beyoncé Experience, 2009–2010 I Am... World Tour and 2013–2014 The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour.

Question: Beyonce had an all-female tour band whose name was what?
Answer: Suga Mama

Question: Beyonce had singers in the background known by the name as?
Answer: The Mamas

Question: The Mamas members included which 3 musicians?
Answer: Montina Cooper-Donnell, Crystal Collins and Tiffany Moniqué Riddick

Question: The Mamas first appearance was when?
Answer: 2006

Question: What band did Beyonce introduce in 2006?
Answer: Suga Mama

Question: What song name does the band Suga Mama and a song on the B'Day album share?
Answer: Suga Mama

Question: Where did Suga Mama band make their first appearance?
Answer: 2006 BET Awards

Question: What band supports Beyonce in her tours?
Answer: Suga Mama

Question: What is the name of Beyoncé's female tour band?
Answer: Suga Mama

Question: Suga Mama is also a song on which Beyoncé album?
Answer: B'Day

Question: What are Beyoncé's backup singers called?
Answer: The Mamas

Question: When did The Mamas make their debut?
Answer: the 2006 BET Awards
According to Italian fashion designer Roberto Cavalli, Beyoncé uses different fashion styles to work with her music while performing. Her mother co-wrote a book, published in 2002, titled Destiny's Style an account of how fashion had an impact on the trio's success. The B'Day Anthology Video Album showed many instances of fashion-oriented footage, depicting classic to contemporary wardrobe styles. In 2007, Beyoncé was featured on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, becoming the second African American woman after Tyra Banks, and People magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best-dressed celebrity.

Question: Which parent of Beyonce's help co-write a book?
Answer: Her mother

Question: Which African-American woman before Beyonce had posed for SI Swimsuit issue?
Answer: Tyra Banks

Question: What was the title of Beyonce's mother's book?
Answer: Destiny's Style

Question: When was she on the Sports Illustrated cover?
Answer: 2007

Question: Who was she the second African American on the cover after?
Answer: Tyra Banks

Question: Beyoncé was the second African American woman featured as a swimsuit cover on the magazine, who was first?
Answer: Tyra Banks

Question: What magazine said Beyoncé was the "best-dressed celebrity"?
Answer: People
Beyoncé has worked with Tommy Hilfiger for the fragrances True Star (singing a cover version of "Wishing on a Star") and True Star Gold; she also promoted Emporio Armani's Diamonds fragrance in 2007. Beyoncé launched her first official fragrance, Heat in 2010. The commercial, which featured the 1956 song "Fever", was shown after the water shed in the United Kingdom as it begins with an image of Beyoncé appearing to lie naked in a room. In February 2011, Beyoncé launched her second fragrance, Heat Rush. Beyoncé's third fragrance, Pulse, was launched in September 2011. In 2013, The Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition version of Heat was released. The six editions of Heat are the world's best-selling celebrity fragrance line, with sales of over $400 million.

Question: Beyonce worked with who on her perfumes, True Star and True Star Gold?
Answer: Tommy Hilfiger

Question: The world's best selling celebrity perfume line belongs to whom?
Answer: Beyoncé

Question: Beyonce's first fragrance had what name?
Answer: Heat

Question: The Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition was released in what year?
Answer: 2013

Question: How much money did The Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition fragrance make?
Answer: 400 million

Question: What was Beyonce's 2010 perfume called?
Answer: Heat

Question: When was her second perfume, Heat Rush, released?
Answer: 2011

Question: What was Beyonce's third perfume named?
Answer: Pulse

Question: How many editions of Heat have been launched?
Answer: six editions

Question: Which Emporio Armani fragrance did Beyoncé promote in 2007?
Answer: Diamonds

Question: What year did Beyoncé introduce her first fragrance?
Answer: 2010.

Question: What was Beyoncé's first fragrance called?
Answer: Heat

Question: How many editions of Heat exist?
Answer: six
On March 30, 2015, it was announced that Beyoncé is a co-owner, with various other music artists, in the music streaming service Tidal. The service specialises in lossless audio and high definition music videos. Beyoncé's husband Jay Z acquired the parent company of Tidal, Aspiro, in the first quarter of 2015. Including Beyoncé and Jay-Z, sixteen artist stakeholders (such as Kanye West, Rihanna, Madonna, Chris Martin, Nicki Minaj and more) co-own Tidal, with the majority owning a 3% equity stake. The idea of having an all artist owned streaming service was created by those involved to adapt to the increased demand for streaming within the current music industry, and to rival other streaming services such as Spotify, which have been criticised for their low payout of royalties. "The challenge is to get everyone to respect music again, to recognize its value", stated Jay-Z on the release of Tidal.

Question: When was it discovered Beyonce was a co-owner of the music service, Tidal?
Answer: March 30, 2015

Question: The parent company of Tidal became under the ownership of whom in 2015?
Answer: Jay Z

Question: When was it announced that Beyonce was a co-owner in Tidal?
Answer: March 30, 2015

Question: What kind of service is Tidal?
Answer: music streaming service

Question: What is a criticism of other streaming services?
Answer: low payout of royalties

Question: What music streaming system is Beyoncé part owner of?
Answer: Tidal.

Question: What is the parent company of the music service Beyoncé owns part of?
Answer: Aspiro

Question: Who acquired the parent company of the music service Beyoncé owns part of?
Answer: Jay Z

Question: What music service is accused of providing low royalty amounts?
Answer: Spotify
In 2005, Beyoncé teamed up with House of Brands, a shoe company, to produce a range of footwear for House of Deréon. In January 2008, Starwave Mobile launched Beyoncé Fashion Diva, a "high-style" mobile game with a social networking component, featuring the House of Deréon collection. In July 2009, Beyoncé and her mother launched a new junior apparel label, Sasha Fierce for Deréon, for back-to-school selling. The collection included sportswear, outerwear, handbags, footwear, eyewear, lingerie and jewelry. It was available at department stores including Macy's and Dillard's, and specialty stores Jimmy Jazz and Against All Odds. On May 27, 2010, Beyoncé teamed up with clothing store C&A to launch Deréon by Beyoncé at their stores in Brazil. The collection included tailored blazers with padded shoulders, little black dresses, embroidered tops and shirts and bandage dresses.

Question: What type of accessory company did Beyonce partner with in 2005?
Answer: shoe

Question: In 2010, Beyonce released Dereon to what country?
Answer: Brazil

Question: Back-to-school shopping was introduced in what year of Beyonce's clothing line?
Answer: 2009

Question: What did Beyonce's Fashion Diva feature?
Answer: House of Deréon collection

Question: What new idea did Beyonce and her mother launch in 2009?
Answer: Sasha Fierce for Deréon

Question: When did Beyonce partner with C&A to sell fashion in Brazil?
Answer: May 27, 2010

Question: What company did Beyoncé get together with in 2005 to add shoes to her fashions?
Answer: House of Brands

Question: What was the name of the game put out by Starwave Mobile in 2008 that featured Beyoncé fashions?
Answer: Beyoncé Fashion Diva

Question: What was the name of the junior fashions launched in 2009 by Beyoncé and her mother?
Answer: Sasha Fierce for Deréon

Question: Who did Beyoncé team up with in 2010 to get her fashions into Brazil?
Answer: C&A

Question: Sasha Fierce for Deréon fashions were sold at stores that included Macy's and what other store?
Answer: Dillard's
Beyoncé participated in George Clooney and Wyclef Jean's Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief telethon and was named the official face of the limited edition CFDA "Fashion For Haiti" T-shirt, made by Theory which raised a total of $1 million. On March 5, 2010, Beyoncé and her mother Tina opened the Beyoncé Cosmetology Center at the Brooklyn Phoenix House, offering a seven-month cosmetology training course for men and women. In April 2011, Beyoncé joined forces with US First Lady Michelle Obama and the National Association of Broadcasters Education Foundation, to help boost the latter's campaign against child obesity by reworking her single "Get Me Bodied". Following the death of Osama bin Laden, Beyoncé released her cover of the Lee Greenwood song "God Bless the USA", as a charity single to help raise funds for the New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund.

Question: Who did Beyonce participate with in the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit?
Answer: George Clooney and Wyclef Jean

Question: Beyonce opened a cosmetology center in what location?
Answer: Brooklyn Phoenix House

Question: After Osama Bin Laden's death, what single did Beyonce cover?
Answer: God Bless the USA

Question: How much did the T-shirt with Beyonce's image on it make?
Answer: $1 million

Question: What enterprise did Beyonce and her mother start on March 5, 2010?
Answer: Beyoncé Cosmetology Center at the Brooklyn Phoenix House

Question: What charity benefited from the release of the song, God Bless the USA?
Answer: New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund

Question: What did she participate in with George Clooney?
Answer: Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit

Question: Which two stars did Beyoncé help with their Haiti Earthquake organization?
Answer: George Clooney and Wyclef Jean

Question: What did Beyoncé open at the Brooklyn Phoenix House in 2010?
Answer: Beyoncé Cosmetology Center

Question: What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover after Osama bin Laden was killed?
Answer: God Bless the USA
Average annual precipitation is 15 inches (380 mm), but great variations are seen. The mountain ranges block the moist Pacific air, holding moisture in the western valleys, and creating rain shadows to the east. Heron, in the west, receives the most precipitation, 34.70 inches (881 mm). On the eastern (leeward) side of a mountain range, the valleys are much drier; Lonepine averages 11.45 inches (291 mm), and Deer Lodge 11.00 inches (279 mm) of precipitation. The mountains themselves can receive over 100 inches (2,500 mm), for example the Grinnell Glacier in Glacier National Park gets 105 inches (2,700 mm). An area southwest of Belfry averaged only 6.59 inches (167 mm) over a sixteen-year period. Most of the larger cities get 30 to 50 inches or 0.76 to 1.27 metres of snow each year. Mountain ranges themselves can accumulate 300 inches or 7.62 metres of snow during a winter. Heavy snowstorms may occur any time from September through May, though most snow falls from November to March.

Question: What is the annual precipitation?
Answer: 15 inches

Question: How much precipitation does Heron recieve?
Answer: 34.70 inches

Question: How much precipitation does the Grinnell Glacier recieve?
Answer: 105 inches
In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress passed the Enlarged Homestead Act that expanded the amount of free land from 160 to 320 acres (0.6 to 1.3 km2) per family and in 1912 reduced the time to "prove up" on a claim to three years. In 1916, the Stock-Raising Homestead Act allowed homesteads of 640 acres in areas unsuitable for irrigation. This combination of advertising and changes in the Homestead Act drew tens of thousands of homesteaders, lured by free land, with World War I bringing particularly high wheat prices. In addition, Montana was going through a temporary period of higher-than-average precipitation. Homesteaders arriving in this period were known as "Honyockers", or "scissorbills." Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak," was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business" or "unprepared", the reality was that a majority of these new settlers had previous farming experience, though there were also many who did not.

Question: Who promoted settlement in Montana in the early 1900s
Answer: James J. Hill

Question: In what year was the Reclamation Act passed?
Answer: 1902

Question: What year was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed?
Answer: 1909

Question: How much land was alloted in the new Enlarged Homestead Act?
Answer: 320 acres
When the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans already had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and over 57,000 joined up before the war ended. These numbers constituted about 10 percent of the state's total population, and Montana again contributed one of the highest numbers of soldiers per capita of any state. Many Native Americans were among those who served, including soldiers from the Crow Nation who became Code Talkers. At least 1500 Montanans died in the war. Montana also was the training ground for the First Special Service Force or "Devil's Brigade," a joint U.S-Canadian commando-style force that trained at Fort William Henry Harrison for experience in mountainous and winter conditions before deployment. Air bases were built in Great Falls, Lewistown, Cut Bank and Glasgow, some of which were used as staging areas to prepare planes to be sent to allied forces in the Soviet Union. During the war, about 30 Japanese balloon bombs were documented to have landed in Montana, though no casualties nor major forest fires were attributed to them.

Question: How many Montanans entered the miltary in the first year of the war?
Answer: 40,000-plus

Question: How many Montanans joined the military in the war total?
Answer: over 57,000

Question: About how many Montanans died in the war?
Answer: At least 1500

Question: Who trained at the military grounds in Montana?
Answer: First Special Service Force or "Devil's Brigade,"

Question: Where were air bases built in Montana?
Answer: Great Falls, Lewistown, Cut Bank and Glasgow
The majority of studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with contraceptive pills, such as clinical studies that suggest the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics is very low (about 1%). In cases where antibacterials have been suggested to affect the efficiency of birth control pills, such as for the broad-spectrum antibacterial rifampicin, these cases may be due to an increase in the activities of hepatic liver enzymes' causing increased breakdown of the pill's active ingredients. Effects on the intestinal flora, which might result in reduced absorption of estrogens in the colon, have also been suggested, but such suggestions have been inconclusive and controversial. Clinicians have recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives.

Question: Do antibiotics interact with birth control pills?
Answer: The majority of studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with contraceptive pills

Question: What percentage of birth control pill failure is attributed to antibiotics?
Answer: about 1%

Question: What are the potential effects on intestinal flora?
Answer: reduced absorption of estrogens in the colon

Question: Have these potential effects been proven through testing?
Answer: inconclusive and controversial

Question: What do physicians recommend to counteract this potential issue?
Answer: extra contraceptive measures

Question: What do antibiotics interfere with?
Answer: contraceptive pills

Question: What percent is the failure rate of contraceptive pills?
Answer: about 1%

Question: Whhat does intestinal flora reduce?
Answer: absorption of estrogens

Question: In therapy, what does the antibacterial interact with?
Answer: oral contraceptives

Question: Do antibiotics mess with birth control pills?
Answer: antibiotics do interfere

Question: What should women do if they are using antibiotics and birth control pills?
Answer: extra contraceptive measures

Question: What is birth control failure rate due to antibiotics?
Answer: about 1%
Interactions between alcohol and certain antibiotics may occur and may cause side-effects and decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. While moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics, there are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects. Therefore, potential risks of side-effects and effectiveness depend on the type of antibiotic administered. Despite the lack of a categorical counterindication, the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed is widespread.

Question: What is one potential issue with drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics?
Answer: decreased effectiveness

Question: Do all antibiotics interact dangerously with alcohol?
Answer: moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics

Question: Is it OK to drink alcohol while taking any antibiotic?
Answer: there are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects

Question: How common is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed?
Answer: widespread

Question: What can alcohol and certain antibiotics cause?
Answer: decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy

Question: What is unlikely to interfere with with many common antibiotics?
Answer: alcohol consumption

Question: What belief should bever be mixed widespread?
Answer: alcohol and antibiotics

Question: What common drug can reduce antibiotic effectiveness?
Answer: alcohol

Question: What type of antibiotic is most likely to be a problem with alcohol?
Answer: specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects

Question: Should alcohol be used while on antibiotics?
Answer: alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed
Frédéric François Chopin (/ˈʃoʊpæn/; French pronunciation: ​[fʁe.de.ʁik fʁɑ̃.swa ʃɔ.pɛ̃]; 22 February or 1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin,[n 1] was a Polish and French (by citizenship and birth of father) composer and a virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era, who wrote primarily for the solo piano. He gained and has maintained renown worldwide as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation." Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland. A child prodigy, he completed his musical education and composed his earlier works in Warsaw before leaving Poland at the age of 20, less than a month before the outbreak of the November 1830 Uprising.

Question: What was Frédéric's nationalities?
Answer: Polish and French

Question: In what era was Frédéric active in?
Answer: Romantic era

Question: For what instrument did Frédéric write primarily for?
Answer: solo piano

Question: In what area was Frédéric born in?
Answer: Duchy of Warsaw

Question: At what age did Frédéric depart from Poland?
Answer: 20

Question: What year was Chopin born?
Answer: 1810

Question: What era was Chopin active during?
Answer: Romantic era

Question: Where did Chopin grow up?
Answer: Warsaw

Question: What instrument did he mostly compose for?
Answer: solo piano

Question: At what age did Chopin leave Poland?
Answer: 20

Question: When did Chopin die?
Answer: 17 October 1849

Question: What was Chopin's full name?
Answer: Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin

Question: The majority of Chopin's compositions were for what instrument?
Answer: solo piano

Question: Chopin was active during what era?
Answer: Romantic era

Question: In what year was Chopin born?
Answer: 1810

Question: In what city was Chopin born and raised?
Answer: Warsaw

Question: How old was Chopin when he left Poland?
Answer: 20

Question: In what era of music did Chopin compose?
Answer: Romantic

Question: What year did Chopin die?
Answer: 1849
Fryderyk may have had some piano instruction from his mother, but his first professional music tutor, from 1816 to 1821, was the Czech pianist Wojciech Żywny. His elder sister Ludwika also took lessons from Żywny, and occasionally played duets with her brother. It quickly became apparent that he was a child prodigy. By the age of seven Fryderyk had begun giving public concerts, and in 1817 he composed two polonaises, in G minor and B-flat major. His next work, a polonaise in A-flat major of 1821, dedicated to Żywny, is his earliest surviving musical manuscript.

Question: Who was Frédéric's first professional teacher in music?
Answer: Wojciech Żywny

Question: Which sister did Frédéric play duets with sometimes while being tutored at this time?
Answer: Ludwika

Question: At what age did Frédéric start giving public concerts?
Answer: 7

Question: What did Frédéric compose during the year of 1817?
Answer: two polonaises

Question: What is the earliest surviving musical notation composed by Frédéric?
Answer: a polonaise in A-flat major of 1821

Question: Who was Chopin's initial piano teacher?
Answer: Wojciech Żywny

Question: Which of his sisters did Chopin sometimes duet with?
Answer: Ludwika

Question: At what age did Chopin start playing publicly?
Answer: 7

Question: What year did Chopin compose his first work?
Answer: 1817

Question: During what years did Chopin receive instruction from Żywny?
Answer: 1816 to 1821

Question: What is the name of Chopin's first music teacher that was not an amateur musician?
Answer: Wojciech Żywny

Question: Which of Chopin's sisters would play music with him?
Answer: Ludwika

Question: How old was Chopin when he began to perform for the public?
Answer: 7

Question: Who was Chopin's earliest piece of music, that there is a record of, dedicated to?
Answer: Wojciech Żywny
At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.

Question: What event were Chopin and Sand at on 26 July 1840?
Answer: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

Question: What anniversary was the July Revolution that Sand and Chopin were present at a dress rehearsal for?
Answer: tenth

Question: At whose funeral did Chopin play in 1839?
Answer: Adolphe Nourrit

Question: What instrument did Chopin play at Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?
Answer: organ

Question: What piece did Chopin play at Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?
Answer: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne

Question: Chopin attended the funeral of who in 1839?
Answer: Adolphe Nourrit

Question: What did Chopin play at the funeral?
Answer: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.

Question: What was the dress rehearsal for?
Answer: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale

Question: It was in commemoration of the tenth anniversary of what?
Answer: the July Revolution.
Chopin's life and his relations with George Sand have been fictionalized in numerous films. The 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination as Best Actor for his portrayal of the composer. Other film treatments have included: La valse de l'adieu (France, 1928) by Henry Roussel, with Pierre Blanchar as Chopin; Impromptu (1991), starring Hugh Grant as Chopin; La note bleue (1991); and Chopin: Desire for Love (2002).

Question: What was the name of the 1945 movie released about Chopin?
Answer: A Song to Remember

Question: What is the name of the actor who received and Oscar nomination for his role as Chopin?
Answer: Cornel Wilde

Question: What year was La valse de l'adieu released?
Answer: 1928

Question: Who starred as Chopin in Impromptu?
Answer: Hugh Grant

Question: Chopins relations with whom have been fictionalized in movies?
Answer: George Sand

Question: What 1945 film was a fictionalized accounting of the relationship between Chopin and Sand?
Answer: A Song to Remember

Question: Who portrayed Chopin in A Song to Remember?
Answer: Cornel Wilde

Question: Who portrayed Chopin in the 1928 film, La valse de l'adieu?
Answer: Pierre Blanchar

Question: Who portrayed Chopin in the 1991 film, Impromptu?
Answer: Hugh Grant
Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes are all in straightforward ternary or episodic form, sometimes with a coda. The mazurkas often show more folk features than many of his other works, sometimes including modal scales and harmonies and the use of drone basses. However, some also show unusual sophistication, for example Op. 63 No. 3, which includes a canon at one beat's distance, a great rarity in music.

Question: Chopin's mazurkas contain more of what than his other compositions?
Answer: folk features

Question: What form are Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes in?
Answer: straightforward ternary or episodic form, sometimes with a coda.

Question: Which of Chopin's works shows more folk aspects?
Answer: mazurkas

Question: What type of bass do Chopin's mazurkas exhibit?
Answer: drone bass

Question: What does Chopin's Op. 63 No. 3 have that is rare?
Answer: a canon at one beat's distance
Chopin's études are largely in straightforward ternary form. He used them to teach his own technique of piano playing—for instance playing double thirds (Op. 25, No. 6), playing in octaves (Op. 25, No. 10), and playing repeated notes (Op. 10, No. 7).

Question: What pieces of his did Chopin use to teach his technique?
Answer: études

Question: What form are most of Chopin's études in?
Answer: straightforward ternary

Question: Chopin often taught his piano technique using what form of music he wrote?
Answer: études
Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin "felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field.

Question: Who said that Chopin's familiarity with Polish music was more "urbanised" than true folk music?
Answer: Barbara Milewski

Question: George Golos references what two musicians when claiming Chopin's nationalism was overrated?
Answer: Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel

Question: Who said Chopin's works were modeled after Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field?
Answer: Richard Taruskin
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations. Few documents involving Sino-Tibetan contacts survive from the Song dynasty (960–1279). The Song were far more concerned with countering northern enemy states of the Khitan-ruled Liao dynasty (907–1125) and Jurchen-ruled Jin dynasty (1115–1234).

Question: When did the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China take place?
Answer: 907–960

Question: When did the Song dynasty take place?
Answer: 960–1279

Question: What dynasty was concerned with countering northern enemy states?
Answer: Song dynasty

Question: Who ruled the Liao dynasty?
Answer: the Khitan

Question: Who ruled the Jin dynasty?
Answer: Jurchen