---
annotations_creators: []
language:
- code
license: cc-by-4.0
multilinguality:
- multilingual
pretty_name: ComPile
size_categories:
- unknown
source_datasets: []
task_categories:
- text-generation
task_ids: []
---

# Dataset Card for ComPile: A Large IR Dataset from Production Sources

## Table of Contents
- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
  - [Changelog](#changelog)
  - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
  - [Languages](#languages)
  - [Dataset Usage](#dataset-usage)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
  - [Data Fields](#data-fields)
- [Dataset Size](#dataset-size)
- [Licensing](#licensing)

## Dataset Description

- **Homepage:** https://llvm-ml.github.io/ComPile/
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.15432
- **Leaderboard:** N/A

### Changelog

|Release|Programming Languages|Description|
|-|-|-|
|v1.0| C/C++, Rust, Swift, Julia | Fine Tuning-scale dataset of 564GB of deduplicated LLVM IR |

### Dataset Summary

ComPile contains over 500GB of permissively-licensed source code compiled to [LLVM](https://llvm.org) intermediate representation (IR) covering C/C++, Rust, Swift, and Julia.
The dataset was created by hooking into LLVM code generation either through the language's package manager or the
compiler directly to extract the dataset of intermediate representations from production grade programs using our
[dataset collection utility for the LLVM compilation infrastructure](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10155761).

### Languages

The dataset contains **5 programming languages** as of v1.0.
```
"c++", "c", "rust", "swift", "julia"
```

### Dataset Usage

To use ComPile we recommend HuggingFace's [datasets library](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/index). To e.g. load the dataset:

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset('llvm-ml/ComPile', split='train')
```

By default this will download the entirety of the 550GB+ dataset, and cache it locally at the directory
specified by the environment variable `HF_DATASETS_CACHE`, which defaults to `~/.cache/huggingface`. To
load the dataset in a streaming format, where the data is not saved locally:

```python
ds = load_dataset('llvm-ml/ComPile', split='train', streaming=True)
```

For further arguments of `load_dataset`, please take a look at the
`loading a dataset` [documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/load_hub), and
the `streaming` [documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/stream). Bear in mind that
this is significantly slower than loading the dataset from a local storage. For experimentation that
requires more performance but might not require the whole dataset, you can also specify a portion
of the dataset to download. For example, the following code will only download the first 10%
of the dataset:

```python
ds = load_dataset('llvm-ml/ComPile', split='train[:10%]')
```

Once the dataset has been loaded, the individual module files can be accessed by iterating through
the dataset or accessing specific indices:

```python
# We can iterate through the dataset
next(iter(ds))
# We can also access modules at specific indices
ds[0]
```

Filtering and map operations can be performed with the primitives available within the
HuggingFace `datasets` library.

## Dataset Structure

### Data Fields
Each row in the dataset consists of an individual LLVM-IR Module along with some metadata. There are
six columns associated with each row:

- `content` (string): This column contains the raw bitcode that composes the module. This can be written to a `.bc`
file and manipulated using the standard llvm utilities or passed in directly through stdin if using something
like Python's `subprocess`.
- `license_expression` (string): This column contains the SPDX expression describing the license of the project that the
module came from.
- `license_source` (string): This column describes the way the `license_expression` was determined. This might indicate
an individual package ecosystem (eg `spack`), license detection (eg `go_license_detector`), or might also indicate
manual curation (`manual`).
- `license_files`: This column contains an array of license files. These file names map to licenses included in
`/licenses/licenses-0.parquet`.
- `package_source` (string): This column contains information on the package that the module was sourced from. This is
typically a link to a tar archive or git repository from which the project was built, but might also contain a
mapping to a specific package ecosystem that provides the source, such as Spack.
- `language` (string): This column indicates the source language that the module was compiled from.

## Dataset Size

| Langauge | Raw Size | License Constraints | Deduplicated + License Constraints |
|----------|----------|---------------------|------------------------------------|
| C/C++    | 124GB    | 47GB                | 31GB                               |
| C        | N/A      | N/A                 | 3GB                                |
| C++      | N/A      | N/A                 | 28GB                               |
| Julia    | 201GB    | 179GB               | 153GB                              |
| Swift    | 8GB      | 7GB                 | 7GB                                |
| Rust     | 656GB    | 443GB               | 373GB                              |
| Total    | 989GB    | 676GB               | 564GB                              |

The raw size is the size obtained directly from building all the projects. The license constraints column
shows the size per language after license information is taken into account. The last column shows the size
when both license constraints and deduplication are taken into account, which is what is included in the
dataset.

Note that the sizes displayed here are of the compressed bitcode representation rather
than textual IR. We see an expansion ratio of 2-5x, averaging around 4x when converting
from compressed bitcode to textual IR.

## Dataset Construction

Exact details on how the dataset is constructed are available in
[our paper describing the dataset](https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.15432). The packages for
v1.0 of the dataset were downloaded and built on 1/12/24-1/13/24.

## Licensing

The individual modules within the dataset are subject to the licenses of the projects that they come from. License
information is available in each row, including the SPDX license expression, the license files, and also a link to
the package source where license information can be further validated.

The curation of these modules is licensed under a CC-BY-4.0 license.

## Contact Info

1. Aiden Grossman (amgrossman@ucdavis.edu)
2. Johannes Doerfert (doerfert1@llnl.gov)