Buddhist meditation
Key Terms
Columns: English | Pali | Sanskrit | Chinese | Tibetan
mindfulness/awareness | sati | smṛti | 念 (niàn) | trenpa (wylie: dran pa) | clear comprehension | sampajañña | samprajaña | 正知力 (zhèng zhī lì) | sheshin (shes bzhin) | vigilance / heedfulness | appamada | apramāda | 不放逸座 (bù fàng yì zuò) | bakyö (bag yod) | ardency | atappa | ātapaḥ | 勇猛 (yǒng měng) | nyima (nyi ma) | attention / engagement | manasikara | manaskāraḥ | 如理作意 (rú lǐ zuò yì) | yila jeypa (yid la byed pa) | foundation of mindfulness | satipaṭṭhāna | smṛtyupasthāna | 念住 (niànzhù) | trenpa neybar zagpa (dran pa nye bar gzhag pa) | mindfulness of breathing | ānāpānasati | ānāpānasmṛti | 安那般那 (ānnàbānnà) | wūk trenpa (dbugs dran pa) | calm abiding / cessation | samatha | śamatha | 止 (zhǐ) | shiney (zhi gnas) | insight / contemplation | vipassanā | vipaśyanā | 観 (guān) | lhakthong (lhag mthong) | meditative concentration | samādhi | samādhi | 三昧 (sānmèi) | tendzin (ting nge dzin) | meditative absorption | jhāna | dhyāna | 禪 ( chán ) | samten (bsam gtan) | cultivation | bhāvanā | bhāvanā | 修行 (xiūxíng) | gompa (sgom pa) | cultivation of analysis | — | *vicāra-bhāvanā | — | chegom (dpyad sgom) | cultivation of settling | — | *sthāpya-bhāvanā | — | jokgom ('jog sgom)