Problem:


Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

You are given a sequence A_1, A_2, ..., A_N and an integer K.

Print the maximum possible length of a sequence B that satisfies the following conditions:

B is a (not necessarily continuous) subsequence of A.

For each pair of adjacents elements of B, the absolute difference of the elements is at most K.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 300,000

0 \leq A_i \leq 300,000

0 \leq K \leq 300,000

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N K
A_1
A_2
:
A_N

Output

Print the answer.

Sample Input 1

10 3
1
5
4
3
8
6
9
7
2
4

Sample Output 1

7

For example, B = (1, 4, 3, 6, 9, 7, 4) satisfies the conditions.

It is a subsequence of A = (1, 5, 4, 3, 8, 6, 9, 7, 2, 4).

All of the absolute differences between two adjacent elements (|1-4|, |4-3|, |3-6|, |6-9|, |9-7|, |7-4|) are at most K = 3.



Sample input:
10 3
1
5
4
3
8
6
9
7
2
4


Sample output:
7

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
def main(sample_file = ''):

    """ convenient functions
    # for i, a in enumerate(iterable)
    # q, mod = divmod(a, b)
    # divmod(x, y) returns the tuple (x//y, x%y)
    # Higher-order function: reduce(operator.mul, xyz_count, 1)
    # manage median(s) using two heapq https://atcoder.jp/contests/abc127/tasks/abc127_f
    """

    """convenient decorator
    # @functools.lru_cache():
    # to facilitate use of recursive function
        # ex:
        # from functools import lru_cache
        # import sys
        # sys.setrecursionlimit(10**9)
        # @lru_cache(maxsize=None)
        # def fib(n):
        #     if n < 2:
        #         return n
        #     return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)
        # print(fib(1000))
    """
    
    # import numpy as np
    import sys
    sys.setrecursionlimit(10**7)
    from itertools import accumulate, combinations, permutations, product, combinations_with_replacement # https://docs.python.org/ja/3/library/itertools.html
    # accumulate() returns iterator! to get list: list(accumulate())
    from math import factorial, ceil, floor, sqrt
    def factorize(n):
        """return the factors of the Arg and count of each factor
        
        Args:
            n (long): number to be resolved into factors
        
        Returns:
            list of tuples: factorize(220) returns [(2, 2), (5, 1), (11, 1)]
        """
        fct = []  # prime factor
        b, e = 2, 0  # base, exponent
        while b * b <= n:
            while n % b == 0:
                n = n // b
                e = e + 1
            if e > 0:
                fct.append((b, e))
            b, e = b + 1, 0
        if n > 1:
            fct.append((n, 1))
        return fct
    def combinations_count(n, r):   
        """Return the number of selecting r pieces of items from n kinds of items.
        
        Args:
            n (long): number
            r (long): number
        
        Raises:
            Exception: not defined when n or r is negative
        
        Returns:
            long: number
        """
        # TODO: How should I do when n - r is negative?
        if n < 0 or r < 0:
            raise Exception('combinations_count(n, r) not defined when n or r is negative')
        if n - r < r: r = n - r
        if r < 0: return 0
        if r == 0: return 1
        if r == 1: return n
        numerator = [n - r + k + 1 for k in range(r)]
        denominator = [k + 1 for k in range(r)]
        for p in range(2,r+1):
            pivot = denominator[p - 1]
            if pivot > 1:
                offset = (n - r) % p
                for k in range(p-1,r,p):
                    numerator[k - offset] /= pivot
                    denominator[k] /= pivot
        result = 1
        for k in range(r):
            if numerator[k] > 1:
                result *= int(numerator[k])
        return result
    def combinations_with_replacement_count(n, r):
        """Return the number of selecting r pieces of items from n kinds of items allowing individual elements to be repeated more than once.
        
        Args:
            n (long): number
            r (long): number
        
        Raises:
            Exception: not defined when n or r is negative
        
        Returns:
            long: number
        """
        if n < 0 or r < 0:
            raise Exception('combinations_with_replacement_count(n, r) not defined when n or r is negative')
        elif n == 0:
            return 1
        else:
            return combinations_count(n + r - 1, r)
    def permutations_count(n, r, MOD=None):
        ans = 1
        if MOD:            
            for i in range(r):
                ans = (ans * (n-i))%MOD
        else:
            for i in range(r):
                ans = (ans * (n-i))
        return ans
    from copy import deepcopy, copy # https://docs.python.org/ja/3/library/copy.html
    import operator
    # from operator import add, mul
    from operator import itemgetter #sort 
    # ex1: List.sort(key=itemgetter(1))
    # ex2: sorted(tuples, key=itemgetter(1,2))
    from functools import reduce, lru_cache
    def chmin(x, y):
        """change minimum
        if x > y, x = y and return (x, True).
        convenient when solving problems of dp[i]
        
        Args:
            x (long): current minimum value
            y (long): potential minimum value
        
        Returns:
            (x, bool): (x, True) when updated, else (x, False)
        """
        if x > y:
            x = y
            return (x, True)
        else:
            return (x, False)
    def chmax(x, y):
        """change maximum
        if x < y, x = y and return (x, True).
        convenient when solving problems of dp[i]
        
        Args:
            x (long): current maximum value
            y (long): potential maximum value
        
        Returns:
            (x, bool): (x, True) when updated, else (x, False)
        """
        if x < y:
            x = y
            return (x, True)
        else:
            return (x, False)

    from fractions import gcd
    def gcd(a,b):
        # from fractions import gcd # Deprecated since version 3.5: Use math.gcd() instead.
        # => 最近の環境でfractions.gcdを使うとTLEする。
        if a<b:
            a, b = b, a
        while a%b !=0 :
            a, b = b, a%b
        return b

    # def gcd(p,q):
    #     while q != 0:
    #         r = p % q
    #         p = q
    #         q = r
    #     return p

    def gcds(numbers):
        return reduce(gcd, numbers)
    def lcm(x, y):
        return (x * y) // gcd(x, y)
    def lcms(numbers):
        return reduce(lcm, numbers, 1)
    def make_divisors(n, reversed=False):
        """create list of divisors
        
        Args:
            number (int): number from which list of divisors is created
            reversed (bool, optional): ascending order if False. Defaults to False.
        
        Returns:
            list: list of divisors
        """
        divisors = set()
        for i in range(1, int(n**0.5)+1):
            if n % i == 0:
                divisors.add(i)
                divisors.add(n//i)
        return sorted(list(divisors),reverse=reversed)

    # Eratosthenesの篩により、整数end未満の素数を列挙する
    def sieve_of_eratosthenes(end, typecode="L"):
        # len(sieve_of_eratosthenes(10**7)) => 664579; 514ms in pypy
        # len(sieve_of_eratosthenes(10**6)) => 78498; 134ms in pypy

        # https://hamukichi.hatenablog.jp/entry/2016/02/17/215948#Eratosthenes%E3%81%AE%E7%AF%A9%E3%81%A8%E5%8C%BA%E9%96%93%E7%AF%A9
        import array
        import textwrap
        assert end > 1
        # 整数iが素数であるかをis_prime[i]が示す
        # 最初はすべてTrueで初期化しておく
        # 最終的にprimesではなくこれを返してもよい
        is_prime = array.array("B", (True for i in range(end)))
        # 0, 1はいずれも素数ではない
        is_prime[0] = False
        is_prime[1] = False
        # 素数を格納する配列
        primes = array.array(typecode)
        # 篩う
        for i in range(2, end):
            if is_prime[i]:
                primes.append(i)
                for j in range(2 * i, end, i):
                    is_prime[j] = False  # 素数ではないため除外する
        return primes

    class PrimeFactorization:
        '''初期化にO(NloglogN)/ 因数分解クエリをO(log(k))/ 素数判定クエリをO(1)
        >>> pf = PrimeFactorization(100)
        >>> pf.query(100)
        ((2, 2), (5, 2))
        
        '''
        # 自分で実装した。
        # https://atcoder.jp/contests/abc177/editorial/82
        # 高速素因数分解
        # 問題： A 以下の数が N 個与えられる。全て素因数分解せよ。
        # 前計算としてエラトステネスの篩を行い、「その数をふるい落とした素数」を配列 D に記録します。
        # 例えば D[4]=D[6]=2,D[35]=5 です。x が素数のときは D[x]=x としておきます。この配列はエラトステネスの篩と同様 O(AloglogA) で構築できます。
        # D[x] は x を割り切る最小の素数なので、この配列 D を利用すると素因数分解を行うときに「試し割り」をする必要がなくなり(D[x]で割ればよい)、1つの数の素因数分解が素因数の個数である O(logA) でできるようになります。
        def __init__(self, Num=10**6):
            from collections import defaultdict
            from math import floor
            self.Num = Num
            self.D = [-1] * (Num+1)
            for i in range(2, Num+1):
                if self.D[i] != -1:
                    continue
                self.D[i] = i
                for j in range(1, floor(Num/i)+1):
                    if self.D[j*i] != -1:
                        continue
                    else:
                        self.D[j*i] = i
        
        def query(self, k):
            ans = defaultdict(int)
            tmp = k
            while self.D[tmp] != -1:
                div = self.D[tmp]
                ans[div] += 1
                tmp = tmp//div
            return tuple(ans.items())
        
        def is_prime(self, k):
            return k == self.D[k]

    # first create factorial_list
    # fac_list = modfactorial_list(n)
    INF = 10 ** 18
    MOD = 10 ** 9 + 7
    AtoZ = list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz') # 26
    modpow = lambda a, n, p = MOD: pow(a, n, p) # Recursive function in python is slow!
    def modinv(a, p = MOD):
        # evaluate reciprocal using Fermat's little theorem:
        # a**(p-1) is identical to 1 (mod p) when a and p is coprime
        return modpow(a, p-2, p)
    def modinv_list(n, p = MOD):
        if n <= 1:
            return [0,1][:n+1]
        else:
            inv_t = [0,1]
            for i in range(2, n+1):
                inv_t += [inv_t[p % i] * (p - int(p / i)) % p]
            return inv_t
    def modfactorial_list(n, p = MOD):
        if n == 0:
            return [1]
        else:
            l = [0] * (n+1)
            tmp = 1
            for i in range(1, n+1):
                tmp = tmp * i % p
                l[i] = tmp
            return l
    def modcomb(n, k, fac_list = [], p = MOD):
        # fac_list = modfactorial_list(100)
        # print(modcomb(100, 5, modfactorial_list(100)))
        from math import factorial
        if n < 0 or k < 0 or n < k: return 0
        if n == 0 or k == 0: return 1
        if len(fac_list) <= n:
            a = factorial(n) % p
            b = factorial(k) % p
            c = factorial(n-k) % p
        else:
            a = fac_list[n]
            b = fac_list[k]
            c = fac_list[n-k]
        return (a * modpow(b, p-2, p) * modpow(c, p-2, p)) % p
    def modadd(a, b, p = MOD):
        return (a + b) % MOD
    def modsub(a, b, p = MOD):
        return (a - b) % p
    def modmul(a, b, p = MOD):
        return ((a % p) * (b % p)) % p
    def moddiv(a, b, p = MOD):
        return modmul(a, modpow(b, p-2, p))

    # ************ Data Structure ************
    from bisect import bisect_left, bisect_right
    from collections import deque, Counter, defaultdict # https://docs.python.org/ja/3/library/collections.html#collections.deque
    from heapq import heapify, heappop, heappush, heappushpop, heapreplace,nlargest,nsmallest # https://docs.python.org/ja/3/library/heapq.html
    
    class UnionFindTree:
        """union find tree class
        TODO: fix this description...
        how to use (example):
        >>  uf = UnionFindTree(N) 
        >>  if uf.find_root(a) == uf.find_root(b):
        >>      do something like:
        >>      pass
        >>  else:
        >>      do something like:
        >>      L[find_root(a)] = L[find_root(a)] + L[find_root(b)]
        >>      L[find_root(b)] = L[find_root(a)]
        >>      
        >>      uf.unite(a, b)
        """
        def __init__(self, N):
            self.root = [-1] * (N+1)
            self.rank   = [0]  * (N+1)
            self.connected_num = [1] * (N+1)
    
        def find_root(self,x):
            root = self.root
            while root[x] != -1:
                x = root[x]
            return x
    
        def unite(self,x,y):
            root = self.root
            rank = self.rank
            connected_num = self.connected_num
            find_root = self.find_root
    
            rx = find_root(x)
            ry = find_root(y)
            if rx != ry:
                if rank[rx] < rank[ry]:
                    root[rx] = ry
                    rx,ry = ry,rx
                else:
                    if rank[rx] == rank[ry]:
                        rank[rx] += 1
                    root[ry] = rx       
                connected_num[rx] += connected_num[ry]

    # c++ set
    # https://nagiss.hateblo.jp/entry/2020/09/08/203701
    
    class SegTree:
        """
        ref: https://qiita.com/takayg1/items/c811bd07c21923d7ec69
        init(init_val, ide_ele): 配列init_valで初期化 O(N)
        update(k, x): k番目の値をxに更新 O(logN)
        query(l, r): 区間[l, r)をsegfuncしたものを返す O(logN)
        
        操作	    segfunc	        単位元
        最小値	    min(x, y)	    float('inf')
        最大値	    max(x, y)	    -float('inf')
        区間和	    x + y	        0
        区間積	    x * y	        1
        最大公約数	math.gcd(x, y)	0
        
        >>  seg = SegTree([14, 5, 9, 13], min, float('inf'))
        >>  seg.update(k, x) # update value of k to x
        >>  seg.query(l, r) # get segfunc([l, r))
        """
        def __init__(self, init_val, segfunc, ide_ele):
            """
            init_val: 配列の初期値
            segfunc: 区間にしたい操作
            ide_ele: 単位元
            n: 要素数
            num: n以上の最小の2のべき乗
            tree: セグメント木(1-index)
            """
            n = len(init_val)
            self.segfunc = segfunc
            self.ide_ele = ide_ele
            self.num = 1 << (n - 1).bit_length()
            self.tree = [ide_ele] * 2 * self.num
            # 配列の値を葉にセット
            for i in range(n):
                self.tree[self.num + i] = init_val[i]
            # 構築していく
            for i in range(self.num - 1, 0, -1):
                self.tree[i] = self.segfunc(self.tree[2 * i], self.tree[2 * i + 1])

        def update(self, k, x):
            """
            k番目の値をxに更新
            k: index(0-index)
            x: update value
            """
            k += self.num
            self.tree[k] = x
            while k > 1:
                self.tree[k >> 1] = self.segfunc(self.tree[k], self.tree[k ^ 1])
                k >>= 1

        def query(self, l, r):
            """
            [l, r)のsegfuncしたものを得る
            l: index(0-index)
            r: index(0-index)
            """
            res = self.ide_ele
            l += self.num
            r += self.num
            while l < r:
                if l & 1:
                    res = self.segfunc(res, self.tree[l])
                    l += 1
                if r & 1:
                    res = self.segfunc(res, self.tree[r - 1])
                l >>= 1
                r >>= 1
            return res

    # ************ Graph ************
    # Graph: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_graph
    # 最短経路問題: https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E7%9F%AD%E7%B5%8C%E8%B7%AF%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C
    
    # Bellman-Ford: O(|V||E|). Use this if there exists an edge with negative length in the graph
    # After N steps, the shortest path has converded if there doesn't exist an cycle of edges with negative
    # Watch out: d[N] == d[2*N] doesn't necessarily mean the graph doesn't have negative cycle
    # ref: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z6ofKN03_Y

    def BellmanFord(N, M, ABC, vertex_start, vertex_end, value_if_inf = -1, find_shortest = False):
        """to calculate furthest or shortest length between vertex_start and vertex_end using BellmanFord algorithm
        
        Args:
            N (int): number of vertices
            M (int): number of edges
            ABC (list): [(ai, bi, ci) for _ in range(N)] where i-th edge is directed from vertex ai to vertex bi and the length is ci 
            vertex_start (int): start vertex. usually use 0.
            vertex_end (int): end vertex. usually use N-1.
            value_if_inf (int or string as you like, optional): value you want when the furthest (or shortest) distance is infinite (or -infinite). Defaults to -1.
            find_shortest (bool, optional): choose False to find furthest path. Defaults to False.
        
        Returns:
            int or string: normally int (but can be str if you set value_if_inf to str)
            
        Example:
                N, M, P = R()
                ABC = [R() for _ in range(M)]
                ABC = [(a-1, b-1, c-P) for a, b, c in ABC]
                print(BellmanFord(N, M, ABC, 0, N-1, value_if_inf = 'inf'))

        """

        def make_reachable_list(N, M, ABC, vertex_start, vertex_end):
            reachable_to_direct = defaultdict(list)
            reachable_from_direct = defaultdict(list)
            reachable_from_start = [False] * N
            reachable_to_end = [False] * N
            reachable_from_start[vertex_start] = True
            reachable_to_end[vertex_end] = True
            reachable_from_both_sides = [False] * N
            dfs_from_start = []
            dfs_to_end = []
            for a, b, c in ABC:
                reachable_to_direct[a].append(b)
                reachable_from_direct[b].append(a)
                if a == vertex_start:
                    dfs_from_start.append(b)
                    reachable_from_start[b] = True
                if b == vertex_end:
                    dfs_to_end.append(a)
                    reachable_to_end[a] = True
            while dfs_from_start:
                v = dfs_from_start.pop()
                for i in reachable_to_direct[v]:
                    if not reachable_from_start[i]:
                        reachable_from_start[i] = True
                        dfs_from_start.append(i)
            while dfs_to_end:
                v = dfs_to_end.pop()
                for i in reachable_from_direct[v]:
                    if not reachable_to_end[i]:
                        reachable_to_end[i] = True
                        dfs_to_end.append(i)
            for i in range(N):
                reachable_from_both_sides[i] = reachable_from_start[i] and reachable_to_end[i]
            return reachable_from_both_sides
        
        reachable_from_both_sides = make_reachable_list(N, M, ABC, vertex_start, vertex_end)
        
        if find_shortest:
            dist = [INF for i in range(N)]
        else:
            dist = [-INF for i in range(N)]
        
        dist[vertex_start] = 0
        for i in range(N):
            updated = False
            for a, b, c in ABC:
                if not reachable_from_both_sides[a]:
                    continue
                elif find_shortest:
                    update_condition = dist[a] + c < dist[b]
                else:
                    update_condition = dist[a] + c > dist[b]
                if dist[a] != INF and update_condition:
                    dist[b] = dist[a] + c
                    updated = True
                    if i == N-1:
                        return value_if_inf
            if not updated:
                break
        return dist[vertex_end]

    # Warshall Floyd O(V**3)
    def warshall_floyd(number_vertex, XYD, shift_one_for_vertex=False):
        # ref: https://juppy.hatenablog.com/entry/2018/11/01/%E8%9F%BB%E6%9C%AC_python_%E5%85%A8%E7%82%B9%E5%AF%BE%E6%9C%80%E7%9F%AD%E7%B5%8C%E8%B7%AF%E6%B3%95%EF%BC%88%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A4%E3%83%89%E6%B3%95
        # number_vertex: len(vertex)
        # XYD: list of distance from x to y
        # shift_one_for_vertex: XYDの値が1~Nの時(0~N-1でない時)に調整するフラグ。
        # d[i][j]: iからjへの最短距離
        # 初期化時のd[x][y]とd[y][x]は同じでなくても答えは出せるが実装を変える必要がある
        d = [[float("inf")]*number_vertex for i in range(number_vertex)]
        for x, y, dist in XYD:
            if shift_one_for_vertex:
                x = x - 1
                y = y - 1
            d[x][y] = dist
            d[y][x] = dist
        for i in range(number_vertex):
            d[i][i] = 0 # distance of same vertex is 0
        for k in range(number_vertex):
            for i in range(number_vertex):
                for j in range(number_vertex):
                    d[i][j] = min(d[i][j],d[i][k] + d[k][j])
        return d


    """ initialize variables and set inputs
    # initialize variables
        # to initialize list, use [0] * n
        # to initialize two dimentional array:
            # ex) [[0] * N for _ in range(N)]
            # ex2) dp = [[0] * (N+1) for _ in range(W*2)]
    # set inputs
        # put inputs between specific values (almost as quickly)
        # ex) S = [-INF] + [int(r()) for _ in range(A)] + [INF]
        # open(0).read() is sometimes useful:
        # ex) n, m, *x = map(int, open(0).read().split())
        #     min(x[::2]) - max(x[1::2])
        # ex2) *x, = map(int, open(0).read().split())
        #     don't forget to add comma after *x if only one variable is used
    # preprocessing
        # transpose = [x for x in zip(*data)]
        # ex) [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]] => [(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]
        # flat = [flatten for inner in data for flatten in inner]
        # ex) [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]] => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
    # calculate and output
        # output pattern
        # ex1) print(*l) => when l = [2, 5, 6], printed 2 5 6
    """

    # functions to read input
    r = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().strip()
    r_int = lambda: int(r())
    r_float = lambda: float(r())
    R = lambda: list(map(int, r().split()))
    # R_str = lambda: r().split()
    R_map = lambda: map(int, r().split())
    R_float = lambda: list(map(float, r().split()))
    R_tuple = lambda: tuple(map(int, r().split()))

    """ how to treat input
    # single int: int(r())
    # single string: r()
    # single float: float(r())
    # line int: R()
    # line string: r().split()
    # line (str, int, int): [j if i == 0 else int(j) for i, j in enumerate(r().split())]
    # lines int: [R() for _ in range(n)]
    """

    # for test
    if sample_file:
        sys.stdin = open(sample_file)
    
    # for creating random input
    import random
    # while True:
    #     N = random.randint(1, 2*10**2)
    #     A = sorted([random.randint(1, N) for _ in range(N)])
    #     B = sorted([random.randint(1, N) for _ in range(N)])
    #     print(N)
    #     print(A)
    #     print(B)
    #     main code.
    
    # ----------------------------------
    # main
    
    # 問題の解き方
    # https://kimiyuki.net/blog/2016/06/21/how-to-solve-problems-in-competitive-programming/
    # https://algo-logic.info/how-to-think-cp/
    
    # OEIS
    # https://kabukimining.hateblo.jp/entry/atcoder-OEIS
    
    #%%
    # while True:
    #     N, K = random.randint(1, 10**2), random.randint(1, 10**2)
    #     A = [random.randint(1, 10**2) for _ in range(N)]
    #     print(N, K)
    #     print(A)
    N, K = R()
    A = [r_int() for _ in range(N)]

    seg = SegTree([0 for _ in range(6*10**5)], max, -float('inf'))
    
    for a in A:
        p = seg.query(max(a-K, 0), a+K+1)
        seg.update(a, p+1)
    print(seg.query(0, 6*10**5))
    
    #%%
    # end of main
    # ----------------------------------

    """memo: how to use defaultdict of list
    # initialize
    Dic = defaultdict(list)
    # append / extend
    Dic[x].append(y)
    # three methods for loop: keys(), values(), items()
    for k, v in Dic.items():
    """
    
    """memo: how to solve binary problems
    https://atcoder.jp/contests/abc173/submissions/14966961
    for i in range(1<<h):
	    if (i >> x) & 1:
            hoge
    (1 >> x) & 1 でNビット目のビット値を取得している
    """
    
    """memo: how to solve the problem
    creating simple test/answer
    greed
    simple dp
    graph
    """

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
import sys
input=sys.stdin.readline

class SegTree:
    def __init__(self, init_val, ide_ele, segfunc):
        self.n = len(init_val)
        self.num = 2**(self.n-1).bit_length()
        self.ide_ele = ide_ele
        self.segfunc = segfunc
        self.seg = [ide_ele]*2*self.num
        # set_val
        for i in range(self.n):
            self.seg[i+self.num] = init_val[i]
        # built
        for i in range(self.num-1, 0, -1):
            self.seg[i] = self.segfunc(self.seg[2*i], self.seg[2*i+1])
 
    def update(self, k, x):
        k += self.num
        self.seg[k] = x
        while k:
            k = k >> 1
            self.seg[k] = self.segfunc(self.seg[2*k], self.seg[2*k+1])
 
    def query(self, l, r):
        if r <= l:
            return self.ide_ele
        l += self.num
        r += self.num
        res = self.ide_ele
        while l < r:
            if r & 1:
                r -= 1
                res = self.segfunc(res, self.seg[r])
            if l & 1:
                res = self.segfunc(res, self.seg[l])
                l += 1
            l = l >> 1
            r = r >> 1
        return res
 

seg=SegTree([0]*300001,0,max)

n,k=map(int,input().split())
a=[int(input()) for i in range(n)]

for i in a:
    l=max(0,i-k)
    r=min(300000,i+k)

    pin=seg.query(l,r+1)+1
    seg.update(i,pin)


print(seg.query(0,300001))

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
import sys
input=sys.stdin.readline

class SegTree:
    def __init__(self, init_val, ide_ele, segfunc):
        self.n = len(init_val)
        self.num = 2**(self.n-1).bit_length()
        self.ide_ele = ide_ele
        self.segfunc = segfunc
        self.seg = [ide_ele]*2*self.num
        # set_val
        for i in range(self.n):
            self.seg[i+self.num] = init_val[i]
        # built
        for i in range(self.num-1, 0, -1):
            self.seg[i] = self.segfunc(self.seg[2*i], self.seg[2*i+1])
 
    def update(self, k, x):
        k += self.num
        self.seg[k] = x
        while k:
            k = k >> 1
            self.seg[k] = self.segfunc(self.seg[2*k], self.seg[2*k+1])
 
    def query(self, l, r):
        if r <= l:
            return self.ide_ele
        l += self.num
        r += self.num
        res = self.ide_ele
        while l < r:
            if r & 1:
                r -= 1
                res = self.segfunc(res, self.seg[r])
            if l & 1:
                res = self.segfunc(res, self.seg[l])
                l += 1
            l = l >> 1
            r = r >> 1
        return res
 
def func(x, y):
    return max(x,y)

seg=SegTree([0]*300001,0,func)

n,k=map(int,input().split())
a=[int(input()) for i in range(n)]

for i in a:
    l=max(0,i-k)
    r=min(300000,i+k)

    pin=seg.query(l,r+1)+1
    seg.update(i,pin)


print(seg.query(0,300001))

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
class SegmentTree():
    def __init__(self, values, merge_func=min, default=float("inf")):
        n = len(values)
        self.size = 1
        self.default = default
        self.merge = merge_func
        while self.size < n:
            self.size *= 2
        # tree[0] = empty
        # child of tree[n] = tree[n*2], tree[n*2+1]
        self.tree = [self.default] * self.size * 2
        self.range = [None] * self.size * 2
        for i in range(n):
            self.tree[self.size + i] = values[i]
        for i in range(self.size):
            self.range[self.size + i] = (i, i+1)
        for i in range(self.size-1, 0, -1):
            self.tree[i] = self.merge(self.tree[i*2], self.tree[i*2+1])
            self.range[i] = (self.range[i*2][0], self.range[i*2+1][1])

    def get(self, index):
        return self.tree[self.size + index]

    def update(self, index, value):
        index += self.size
        self.tree[index] = value
        while index > 1:
            index //= 2
            self.tree[index] = self.merge(
                self.tree[index*2], self.tree[index*2+1])

    # query segmentation value of [a, b)
    def query(self, a, b):
        q = [1]
        ret = self.default
        while len(q):
            k = q.pop()
            l, r = self.range[k]
            if r <= a or b <= l:
                continue
            if a <= l and r <= b:
                ret = self.merge(ret, self.tree[k])
            else:
                q.append(k*2)
                q.append(k*2+1)
        return ret


def main():
    MAX = 300001
    N, K = map(int, input().split())
    rmq = SegmentTree([0]*MAX, merge_func=max, default=0)
    for _ in range(N):
        A = int(input())
        mx = rmq.query(A-K, A+K+1)
        rmq.update(A, mx+1)
    ans = rmq.query(0, MAX)
    print(ans)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
# 解説見た

# Segment Tree
class Segment:
    def __init__(self, N, init_val, segfunc, identity_element):
        """
        segfunc : min, +, *, xor, gcd など
        identity_element : 単位元(min:inf, 和:0, 積:1, xor:0, gcd:0)
        """
        self.segfunc = segfunc
        self.identity_element = identity_element
        self.N0 = 2 ** (N - 1).bit_length()
        # 0-indexedで管理
        self.dat = [self.identity_element] * (2 * self.N0)

        # 値を代入
        for i in range(N):
            self.dat[i + self.N0 - 1] = init_val[i]
        # 構築
        for i in range(self.N0 - 2, -1, -1):
            self.dat[i] = self.segfunc(self.dat[2 * i + 1], self.dat[2 * i + 2])

    # k番目の要素の値をxに変更
    def update(self, k, x):
        k += self.N0 - 1
        self.dat[k] = x
        while k >= 0:
            k = (k - 1) // 2
            self.dat[k] = self.segfunc(self.dat[2 * k + 1], self.dat[2 * k + 2])

    # 区間[l,r)の最小値を求める
    def query(self, l, r):
        L = l + self.N0
        R = r + self.N0
        s = self.identity_element
        # 区間を列挙しながら最小値などをを求める
        while L < R:
            if R & 1:
                R -= 1
                s = self.segfunc(s, self.dat[R - 1])
            if L & 1:
                s = self.segfunc(s, self.dat[L - 1])
                L += 1
            L >>= 1
            R >>= 1
        return s


import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(10000000)
input = sys.stdin.readline

n, k = map(int, input().split())
seg = Segment(300000, [0] * 300000, max, 0)
ans = 0
for i in range(n):
    a = int(input())
    l = max(a - k, 0)
    r = min(a + k, 300000) + 1
    res = seg.query(l, r) + 1
    ans = max(res, ans)
    seg.update(a, res)

print(ans)