Problem:


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Depth First Search

  Depth-first search (DFS) follows the strategy to search ”deeper” in the graph whenever possible. In DFS, edges are recursively explored out of the most recently discovered vertex $v$ that still has unexplored edges leaving it. When all of $v$'s edges have been explored, the search ”backtracks” to explore edges leaving the vertex from which $v$ was discovered.

  This process continues until all the vertices that are reachable from the original source vertex have been discovered. If any undiscovered vertices remain, then one of them is selected as a new source and the search is repeated from that source.

  DFS timestamps each vertex as follows:

$d[v]$ records when $v$ is first discovered.

$f[v]$ records when the search finishes examining $v$’s adjacency list.

  Write a program which reads a directed graph $G = (V, E)$ and demonstrates DFS on the graph based on the following rules:

$G$ is given in an adjacency-list. Vertices are identified by IDs $1, 2,... n$ respectively.

IDs in the adjacency list are arranged in ascending order.

The program should report the discover time and the finish time for each vertex.

When there are several candidates to visit during DFS, the algorithm should select the vertex with the smallest ID.

The timestamp starts with 1.

Input

  In the first line, an integer $n$ denoting the number of vertices of $G$ is given. In the next $n$ lines, adjacency lists of $u$ are given in the following format:

$u$ $k$ $v_1$ $v_2$ ... $v_k$

$u$ is ID of the vertex and $k$ denotes its degree. $v_i$ are IDs of vertices adjacent to $u$.

Output

  For each vertex, print $id$, $d$ and $f$ separated by a space character in a line. $id$ is ID of the vertex, $d$ and $f$ is the discover time and the finish time respectively. Print in order of vertex IDs.

Constraints

$1 \leq n \leq 100$

Sample Input 1

4
1 1 2
2 1 4
3 0
4 1 3

Sample Output 1

1 1 8
2 2 7
3 4 5
4 3 6

Sample Input 2

6
1 2 2 3
2 2 3 4
3 1 5
4 1 6
5 1 6
6 0

Sample Output 2

1 1 12
2 2 11
3 3 8
4 9 10
5 4 7
6 5 6

  This is example for Sample Input 2 (discover/finish)

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.



Sample input:
4
1 1 2
2 1 4
3 0
4 1 3


Sample output:
1 1 8
2 2 7
3 4 5
4 3 6

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
import math,string,itertools,fractions,heapq,collections,re,array,bisect,sys,random,time,copy,functools
from collections import deque

sys.setrecursionlimit(10**7)
inf = 10**20
mod = 10**9 + 7

DR = [1, -1, 0, 0]
DC = [0, 0, 1, -1]

def LI(): return [int(x) for x in sys.stdin.readline().split()]
def LI_(): return [int(x)-1 for x in sys.stdin.readline().split()]
def LF(): return [float(x) for x in sys.stdin.readline().split()]
def LS(): return sys.stdin.readline().split()
def I(): return int(sys.stdin.readline())
def F(): return float(sys.stdin.readline())
def S(): return input()

N = I()
adj = [[] for _ in range(N)]
visited = [False for _ in range(N)]
d = [0 for _ in range(N)]
f = [0 for _ in range(N)]
cur_time = 1

for _ in range(N):
    edge_list = LI()
    u, k = edge_list[0], edge_list[1]
    if k == 0:
        continue
    v_list = edge_list[2:]
    u -= 1
    for v in v_list:
        v -= 1
        adj[u].append(v)

def dfs(u):
    global cur_time
    visited[u] = True
    for v in adj[u]:
        if not visited[v]:
            d[v] = cur_time
            cur_time += 1
            dfs(v)
    f[u] = cur_time
    cur_time += 1
    return

for v in range(N):
    if not visited[v]:
        d[v] = cur_time
        cur_time += 1
        dfs(v)

for v in range(N):
    print(v+1, d[v], f[v])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
# Depth First Search
from collections import deque

N = int(input())
nodes = []
G ={}
is_visited = {}

for _ in range(N):
    lst = list(map(int, input().split()))
    idx = lst[0]
    nodes.append(idx)
    is_visited[idx] = False
    degree = lst[1]
    if degree > 0:
        G[idx] = lst[2:]
    else:
        G[idx] = []
        
d = {}  # 最初に訪問したときの発見時刻を記録する
f = {}  # 隣接リストを調べ終えた完了時刻を記録する
t = 1

def dfs(node):
    global t
    if (is_visited[node] == True):
        return
    is_visited[node] = True
    d[node] = t
    t += 1  # 時刻を一つ進める
    # 再帰探索
    for idx in G[node]:
        dfs(idx)
    f[node] = t
    t += 1  # 関数を終了するときにも+1する


for node in nodes:  # 孤立しているノードもあるためこうして対処
    dfs(node)

for node in nodes:
    print(node, d[node], f[node])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from enum import Enum


class DFS():
    class Color(Enum):
        WHITE = 0
        GRAY = 1
        BLACK = 2

    def __init__(self, M, n):
        self.M = M
        self.n = n
        self.color = [self.Color.WHITE for _ in range(self.n)]
        self.d, self.f = [-1] * self.n, [-1] * self.n
        self.tt = 0
        self.nt = [0] * self.n

    def next(self, u: int):
        while self.nt[u] < self.n:
            v = self.nt[u]
            self.nt[u] = v + 1
            if self.M[u][v] != 0:
                return v
        return -1

    def dfs_visit(self, r: int):
        S = []                  # list をスタックとして使う
        S.append(r)
        self.color[r] = self.Color.GRAY
        self.tt += 1
        self.d[r] = self.tt
        while len(S) > 0:
            # スタックの一番上（= listの末尾）の値を取得 ※ pop()するとlistからなくなるので[-1]でアクセス
            u = S[-1]
            v = self.next(u)
            if v != -1:
                if self.color[v] == self.Color.WHITE:
                    self.color[v] = self.Color.GRAY
                    self.tt += 1
                    self.d[v] = self.tt
                    S.append(v)
            else:
                S.pop()
                self.color[u] = self.Color.BLACK
                self.tt += 1
                self.f[u] = self.tt

    def dfs(self):
        for u in range(self.n):
            if self.color[u] == self.Color.WHITE:
                self.dfs_visit(u)

        for i in range(self.n):
            print(f'{i+1} {self.d[i]} {self.f[i]}')


def main():
    n = int(input())
    M = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)]

    for i in range(n):
        line = input()
        inputs = [int(x) for x in line.split(' ')]
        u = inputs.pop(0)
        u -= 1                  # 0 オリジンへ変換
        _ = inputs.pop(0)       # k （使わない...）
        for v in inputs:
            v -= 1              # 0 オリジンへ変換
            M[u][v] = 1

    DFS(M, n).dfs()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
所要時間は、分位であった。
'''


# ライブラリのインポート
#import re
import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline
#import heapq
#import bisect
import collections
#import math
global time, Ls, Lf, E,LG,c,n
time = 1

def main():
    global time, Ls, Lf, E, LG,c,n
    c = 0
    n = int(input().strip())
    E = [[] for _ in range(n)]
    LG = collections.deque()
    for line in sys.stdin:
        Ltmp = list(map(int, list(line.strip().split())))
        if not Ltmp[1] == 0: 
            E[Ltmp[0]-1] = Ltmp[2:]
    Ls = [0]*n 
    Lf = [0]*n
    dfs(0)
    for i in range(n):
        print(i+1, Ls[i],Lf[i])
    
def dfs(cur):
    global time, Ls, Lf, E, LG,c,n
    LG.append(cur)
    if Ls[cur] == 0: Ls[cur] = time
    time += 1
    for i in range(len(E[cur])):
        check = E[cur][i] - 1
        if Ls[check] == 0: dfs(check)
    if Lf[cur] == 0:
        Lf[cur] = time
    try:
        x = LG.pop()
        if x == cur: x = LG.pop() 
        dfs(x)
    except:
        time += 1
        for i in range(c,n):
            if Ls[i] == 0:
                c = i
                dfs(i) 
    return




    


    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
def disc(s,d):
	ans[d][0] = s
	s += 1
	if main[d][0] != 0:
		for l in range(1,int(main[d][0])+1):
			if ans[int(main[d][l])-1][0] == 0:
				s = disc(int(s),int(main[d][l])-1)
	ans[d][1] = s
	return s+1

n = int(input())

main = []

for i in range(n):
	a = input().split()
	if int(a[1]) > 0:
		main.append(a[1:])
	else:
		main.append([0])

del a

ans = [[0] * 2 for i in range(n)]

ls = disc(1,0)
for i in range(n):
	if ans[i][0] == 0:
		ls = disc(int(ls),i)


for i in range(n):
	print(str(i+1) + " " + str(ans[i][0]) + " " + str(ans[i][1]))

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
class Node:

    def __init__(self):
        self.distime = 0
        self.fintime = 0

    def input_data(self, nodes):
        data = input().split()
        self.number = int(data[0])
        self.v = [nodes[int(x) - 1] for x in data[2:]]

    @property
    def status(self):
        return bool(self.distime) + bool(self.fintime)

class Stack:
    def __init__(self, size):
        self.size = size
        self.N = [None for _ in range(size)]
        self.top = 0

    def is_emtpy(self):
        return self.top == 0

    def is_full(self):
        return self.top == self.size

    def front(self):
        return self.N[self.top - 1]

    def push(self, x):
        if self.is_full():
            raise OverflowError
        self.N[self.top] = x
        self.top += 1

    def pop(self):
        if self.is_emtpy():
            raise IndexError
        self.top -= 1
        return self.N[self.top]


def visit(node: Node):
    global t
    stack.push(node)
    t += 1
    node.distime = t
    while not stack.is_emtpy():
        u: Node = stack.front()
        try:
            v = next(i for i in u.v if i.status == 0)
        except StopIteration:
            stack.pop()
            t += 1
            u.fintime = t
        else:
            if v.status == 0:
                stack.push(v)
                t += 1
                v.distime = t


n = int(input())
stack = Stack(n)
nodes = [Node() for _ in range(n)]
[node.input_data(nodes) for node in nodes]
t = 0
for node in nodes:
    if node.status == 0:
        visit(node)

nodes.sort(key=lambda i: i.number)
for node in nodes:
    print(f"{node.number} {node.distime} {node.fintime}")

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from collections import deque

#スタックを使った深さ優先探索の実装
l = int(input())
rlist = []
for i in range(l):
    li = list(map(int, input().split()))
    rlist.append(deque([ll-1 for ll in li[2:]]))


color = ['white'] * l
find_time = [0] * l
stop_time = [0] * l
stack = []
time = 0

def dfs(u):
    global time

    stack.append(u)
    color[u] = 'gray'
    time += 1
    find_time[u] = time

    while len(stack) > 0:
        #print(stack)
        #print(color)
        #print(rlist)

        u = stack[-1]
        #頂点uにまだ訪問すべき頂点が残っているなら
        if len(rlist[u]) > 0:
            if color[rlist[u][0]] == 'white':
                time += 1
                find_time[rlist[u][0]] = time
                color[rlist[u][0]] = 'gray'
                stack.append(rlist[u][0])
            rlist[u].popleft()
        #頂点uにもう訪問すべき頂点が残っていないなら
        else:
            time += 1
            stop_time[u] = time
            color[u] = 'black'
            stack.pop()

for i in range(l):
    if color[i] == 'white':
        dfs(i)
for i in range(len(find_time)):
    print(str(i+1) + ' ' + str(find_time[i]) + ' ' + str(stop_time[i]))

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
n=int(input())
G=[[j for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)]
for i in range(n):
    g_in=list(map(int,input().split()))
    u=g_in[0]
    k=g_in[1]
    v=g_in[2:]
    for j in v:
        G[u-1][j-1]=1

visited=[0 for i in range(n)]
finished=[0 for i in range(n)]
L=[]
out=[[i+1,0,0] for i in range(n)]
step=0

def dfs(cn):
    flg=0
    if visited[cn]==0:
        flg=1
        L.append(cn)
    visited[cn]=1
    for i in range(n):
        if cn!=i and G[cn][i]==1 and visited[i]==0:
            dfs(i)
    if flg==1:
        L.append(cn)

i=0
while visited.count(1)<n:
    dfs(i)
    i+=1
copied=[0 for i in range(len(L))]

for i in range(len(L)):
    if copied[L[i]]==0:
        copied[L[i]]=1
        out[L[i]][1]=i+1
    elif copied[L[i]]==1:
        copied[L[i]]=2
        out[L[i]][2]=i+1

out=[' '.join(map(str,i)) for i in out]
#print(' '.join(map(str,[i+1 for i in L])))
print('\n'.join(map(str,out)))

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
N = int(input())
DG={}  # それぞれのnodeが持つ隣接リストを、キーをnodeにして管理
node_ls=[]
is_visited={}  # 訪れたかどうかを、nodeをキーに辞書で管理


# 有向グラフをディクトで管理することにする
for _ in range(N):
    tmp = input().split()
    node_id = tmp[0]
    node_ls.append(node_id)      # 1~n の順番
    is_visited[node_id] = False  # 訪れた時にTrueにする
    adj_num = int(tmp[1])    # 次数（隣接リストの数）
    if adj_num != 0:
        DG[node_id] = tmp[2:]  # 隣接リストを入れる
    else:
        DG[node_id] = []


d = {} # 発見した時刻を、nodeをキーにして保存する
f = {} # 隣接リストを調べ終えた時刻を、nodeをキーにして保存する
t = 1

def dfs(node):
    global t
    if is_visited[node]:  # 既に訪れていた場合
        return
    is_visited[node] = True
    d[node] = t # 訪れた時刻を入れる
    t += 1
    
    for no in DG[node]:
        dfs(no)
        
    f[node]=t # 隣接リストを全て調べ終えた時刻を入れる
    t += 1
    
for node in node_ls:  # 1~n の順番
    dfs(node)
    
for node in node_ls:
    print(node, d[node], f[node])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from collections import deque


def conv_list(n):
    adj_matrix = []
    for _ in range(n):
        adj_list = input().split()
        adj_list = list(map(int, adj_list))
        adj_row = [False] * n
        if adj_list[1] > 0:
            for i in adj_list[2:]:
                adj_row[i - 1] = True
        adj_matrix.append(adj_row)
    return adj_matrix


def depth_first_search(adj_matrix, n):
    visited = [None] * n
    count = 1
    searched = [None] * n
    start = 0
    stack = deque()
    stack.append(start)
    visited[start] = 1
    while count <= 2 * n:
        has_edge = adj_matrix[start]
        i = 0
        while i < n:
            if has_edge[i] and visited[i] is None:
                stack.append(i)
                count += 1
                visited[i] = count
                break
            i += 1
        if i < n:
            start = i
        else:
            searched_node = stack.pop()
            count += 1
            searched[searched_node] = count
            if len(stack) > 0:
                start = stack[-1]
            elif count < 2 * n:
                start = visited.index(None)
                stack.append(start)
                count += 1
                visited[start] = count
            else:
                break
    return visited, searched


def main():
    n = int(input())
    adj_matrix = conv_list(n)
    visited, searched = depth_first_search(adj_matrix, n)
    for i in range(n):
        print("{} {} {}".format(i + 1, visited[i], searched[i]))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:

WHITE = 0
GRAY = 1
BLACK = 2

NIL = -1


def dfs(u):
    global time
    color[i] = GRAY
    time += 1
    d[u] = time
    for v in range(n):
        if m[u][v] and (color[v] == WHITE):
            dfs(v)
        color[u] = BLACK
    time += 1
    f[u] = time


def next(u):
    for v in range(nt[u], n + 1):
        nt[u] = v + 1
        if m[u][v]:
            return v
    return NIL
            


n = int(input())

m = [[0 for i in range(n + 1)] for j in range(n + 1)]
vid = [0] * n
d = [0] * n
f = [0] * n
S = []
color = [WHITE] * n
time = 0
nt = [0] * n

tmp = []
for i in range(n):
    nums=list(map(int,input().split()))
    tmp.append(nums)
    vid[i] = nums[0]

for i in range(n):
    for j in range(tmp[i][1]):
        m[i][vid.index(tmp[i][j + 2])] = 1

for i in range(n):
    if color[i] == WHITE:
        dfs(i)

for i in range(n):
    print(vid[i], d[i], f[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
if __name__ == '__main__':
    n = int(input())
    graph = [[0 for i in range(n)] for _ in range(n)]
    frist = [0 for _ in range(n)]
    end = [0 for _ in range(n)]
    visit = [False for _ in range(n)]
    # get the group
    for i in range(n):
        datas = [int(num) for num in input().split(' ')]
        if datas[1] > 0:
            for j in datas[2:]:
                graph[datas[0] - 1][j - 1] = 1

    visit[0] = True
    frist[0] = s = 1
    stack = [0]

    while len(stack) != 0:
        point = stack.pop(-1)
        flag = False
        for i in range(n):
            if graph[point][i] == 1 and visit[i] is False:
                visit[i] = True
                flag = True
                s += 1
                frist[i] = s
                stack.append(point)
                stack.append(i)
                break
        if flag is False:
            s += 1
            end[point] = s
        
        if len(stack) == 0:
            for i in range(n):
                if visit[i] is False:
                    visit[i] = True
                    s += 1
                    frist[i] = s
                    stack.append(i)
                    break
            
    for i in range(n):
        print('%d %d %d' % (i+1, frist[i], end[i]))

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
N = int(input())

E = [None] * (N+1)
for _ in range(N):
    u, k, *vs = list(map(int, input().split()))
    E[u] = vs

d = [0] * (N+1)
f = [0] * (N+1)
t = 0

def dfs(v):
    global t, d, f
    if d[v]:
        return
    t += 1
    d[v] = t
    for u in E[v]:
        dfs(u)
    t += 1
    f[v] = t

for v in range(1, N+1):
    dfs(v)

for v in range(1, N+1):
    print(v, d[v], f[v])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:

def dfs_visit(u):
    global n, M, d, f, time

    if color[u] == 'WHITE':
        color[u] = 'GRAY'
        time += 1
        d[u] = time

        for v in range(n):
            if M[u][v] == 0:
                continue
            if color[v] == 'WHITE':
                dfs_visit(v)

        color[u] = 'BLACK'
        time += 1
        f[u] = time


def dfs():
    global n, M, d, f, time

    for u in range(n):
        if color[u] == 'WHITE':  # 連結グラフとは限らないため。
            dfs_visit(u)

    for u in range(n):
        print('{} {} {}'.format(u+1, d[u], f[u]))


n = int(input())

M = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
color = ['WHITE'] * n  # 各頂点の色を記録。ホワイト（未探索）、グレイ（探索中）、ブラック（探索ずみ）
d = [None] * n  # vを最初に発見した時間
f = [None] * n  # vの完了時刻
time = 0

for i in range(n):
    _ = list(map(int, input().split()))
    u = _[0] - 1  # 0オリジンに変換

    degree = _[1]
    for j in range(degree):
        v = _[j+2] - 1  # 0オリジンに変換
        M[u][v] = 1

# for row in M:
#     print(' '.join(map(str, row)))

dfs()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
count = 0


def solve(i, a, ans):
    global count
    if ans[i][0] == 0:
        count += 1
        ans[i][0] = count

    for x in range(a[i][1]):
        if ans[a[i][2 + x] - 1][0] == 0:
            solve(a[i][2 + x] - 1, a, ans)

    if ans[i][1] == 0:
        count += 1
        ans[i][1] = count


N = int(input())
a = []
for _ in range(N):
    a.append([int(x) for x in input().split()])

ans = [[0 for i in range(2)] for j in range(N)]

for i in range(N):
    if ans[i][0] == 0:
        solve(i, a, ans)

for i, x in enumerate(ans):
    print(i + 1, *x)

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
n=int(input())
E=[0]*n
for _ in range(n):
    u,k,*V=map(int,input().split())
    E[u-1]=sorted(V)[::-1]
todo=[1]
seen=[0]*n
d=[0]*n
f=[0]*n
t=0
while 0 in f:
    if not todo:
        todo.append(seen.index(0)+1)    
    if seen[todo[-1]-1]==0:
        seen[todo[-1]-1]=1
        t+=1
        d[todo[-1]-1]=t
        for v in E[todo[-1]-1]:
            if d[v-1]==0:
                todo.append(v)
    elif f[todo[-1]-1]==0:
        t+=1
        f[todo.pop()-1]=t
    else:
        todo.pop()
for i in range(n):
    print(i+1,d[i],f[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from collections import deque


N = 100
WHITE = 0
GRAY = 1
BLACK = 2

M = [[0 for _ in range(N)] for _ in range(N)]
color = [0 for _ in range(N)]
d = [0 for _ in range(N)]
f = [0 for _ in range(N)]
nt = [0 for _ in range(N)]
tt = 0


def main():
    n = int(input())
    for _ in range(n):
        u, k, *v_s = map(int, input().split(' '))
        for j in range(k):
            M[u-1][v_s[j-1]-1] = 1

    dfs(n)

    for i in range(n):
        print('{} {} {}'.format(i+1, d[i], f[i]))


def dfs(n):
    for u in range(n):
        if color[u] == WHITE:
            dfs_visit(n, u)


def dfs_visit(n, r):
    global tt
    color[r] = GRAY
    tt += 1
    d[r] = tt
    for v in range(0, n):
        if M[r][v] == 0:
            continue
        if color[v] == WHITE:
            dfs_visit(n, v)
    color[r] = BLACK
    tt += 1
    f[r] = tt


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
# https://onlinejudge.u-aizu.ac.jp/courses/lesson/1/ALDS1/11/ALDS1_11_B
# 本の解説通りかは知らない

# データの読み込み
N = int(input())
DG = {}
node_ls = []
is_visited = {}
# 有向グラフをディクトで管理することにする
for _ in range(N):
    tmp = input().split()
    node_id = tmp[0]
    node_ls.append(node_id)
    is_visited[node_id] = False
    adj_num = int(tmp[1])
    if adj_num != 0:
        DG[node_id] = tmp[2:]
    else:
        DG[node_id] = []

d = {}  # 最初に訪問したときの発見時刻を記録する
f = {}  # 隣接リストを調べ終えた完了時刻を記録する
t = 1


def dfs(node):  # 必要なものは何？ 現在のノード
    # 終了条件
    global t
    if is_visited[node]:
        return  # 何もせずに上の関数に抜ける

    is_visited[node] = True
    # 発見時刻の書き込み
    d[node] = t
    t += 1  # 時刻を一つ進める
    # 再帰探索
    for no in DG[node]:
        dfs(no)
    f[node] = t
    t += 1  # 関数を終了するときにも+1する


for node in node_ls:  # 孤立しているノードもあるためこうして対処
    dfs(node)

for node in node_ls:
    print(node, d[node], f[node])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline()[:-1]
sys.setrecursionlimit(10**8)

n = int(input())
G1 = [0]*n
G2 = [[0]*n for i in range(n)]
d = [0]*n
f = [0]*n
for i in range(n):
    inp = tuple(map(int, input().split()))
    G1[inp[0]-1]=sorted(inp[2:])
time=0

def dfs(vertex):
    if d[vertex]:return
    global time
    time+=1
    d[vertex]=time
    for v in G1[vertex]:
        if not d[v-1]:
            dfs(v-1)
    time+=1
    f[vertex]=time
    return

for i in range(n):
    dfs(i)
for i in range(n):
    print(i+1,d[i],f[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
N = int(input())

E = [None] * (N+1)
for _ in range(N):
    u, k, *vs = list(map(int, input().split()))
    E[u] = vs

d = [0] * (N+1)
f = [0] * (N+1)
t = 0

def dfs(v):
    global t, d, f
    if d[v]:
        return
    t += 1
    d[v] = t
    for u in E[v]:
        dfs(u)
    t += 1
    f[v] = t

for v in range(1, N+1):
    dfs(v)

for v in range(1, N+1):
    print(v, d[v], f[v])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from typing import List

def DFS(G: List[int]):
	global time
	time = 0
	n = len(G)
	for u in range(n):
		if color[u] == "WHITE":
			DFS_Visit(u)

def DFS_Visit(u: int):
	global time
	color[u] = "GRAY"
	time += 1
	d[u] = time
	for v in G[u]:
		if color[v] == "WHITE":
			pi[v] = u
			DFS_Visit(v)
	color[u] = "BLACK"
	time += 1
	f[u] = time


if __name__ == "__main__":
	n = int(input())
	G = []
	color = ["WHITE" for _ in range(n)]
	pi = [None for _ in range(n)]
	d = [0 for _ in range(n)]
	f = [0 for _ in range(n)]

	for _ in range(n):
		command = list(map(int, input().split()))
		G.append([x - 1 for x in command[2:]])
	DFS(G)
	for i in range(n):
		print(f"{i + 1} {d[i]} {f[i]}")

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from enum import Enum

class Color(Enum):
  WHITE = 0
  GRAY = 1
  BLACK = 2

def dfs_visit(u, total_time):
  colors[u] = Color.GRAY
  total_time += 1
  d[u] = total_time
  stack.append(u)
  for v in range(N):
    if adj[u][v] == 1 and colors[v] == Color.WHITE:
      total_time = dfs_visit(v, total_time)
  colors[u] = Color.BLACK
  total_time += 1
  f[u] = total_time
  return total_time



def dfs(total_time):
  for i in range(N):
    if colors[i] != Color.WHITE:
      continue
    total_time = dfs_visit(i, total_time)

N = int(input())
L = [list(map(int, input().split())) for i in range(N)]
adj = [[0 for i in range(N)] for j in range(N)]

for i in range(N):
  for node in L[i][2:]:
    adj[i][node-1] = 1

colors = [Color.WHITE for i in range(N)]
stack = []
total_time = 0
d = [0 for i in range(N)]
f = [0 for i in range(N)]

dfs(total_time)

for i in range(N):
  print(i+1, d[i], f[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(10**6)
input = sys.stdin.readline

global time
time = 0

def dfs(u: int, visited: list, d: list, f: list, M: list, n: int):
    global time
    visited[u] = True
    time += 1
    d[u] = time
    for j in range(n):
        if M[u][j] == 1 and not visited[j]:
            dfs(j, visited, d, f, M, n)
    time += 1
    f[u] += time

def main():
    n = int(input())
    visited = [False] * n
    M = [[0]*n for _ in range(n)]
    for _ in range(n):
        a = list(map(int, input().split()))
        for i in range(a[1]):
            M[a[0]-1][a[i+2]-1] = 1
    d = [0] * n
    f = [0] * n
    for i in range(n):
        if not visited[i]:
            dfs(i, visited, d, f, M, n)
    for i in range(n):
        print(i+1, d[i], f[i])

if __name__ == '__main__': main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from collections import deque

def dfs(v):
    global t
    
    d[v] = t
    visited[v] = True
    t += 1
    
    for u in graph[v]:
        if not visited[u]: dfs(u)
    f[v] = t
    t += 1
    
    
n = int(input())
graph = [deque() for i in range(n)]

visited = [False] * n
d = [0] * n
f = [0] * n
t = 1

for i in range(n):
    nums = list(map(int, input().split()))
    for j in nums[2:]:
        graph[i].append(j-1)
         
for i in range(n):
    if not visited[i]: dfs(i)

for idx, df in enumerate(zip(d, f)):
    print(idx+1, df[0], df[1])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
import sys


def input():
    return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip()


def dfs(c, n, G, ans):
    count = c
    for i, flag in enumerate(G[n]):
        if flag == 1 and ans[i][0] == 0:
            count += 1
            ans[i][0] = i + 1
            ans[i][1] = count
            ans[i][2] = dfs(count, i, G, ans)
            count = ans[i][2]
    else:
        return count + 1


def main():
    n = int(input())
    G = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)]
    ans = [[0] * 3 for _ in range(n)]
    for i in range(n):
        u, k, *v = map(int, input().split())
        for j in range(k):
            G[u-1][v[j]-1] = 1

    count = 1
    for i in range(n):
        if ans[i][0] == 0:
            ans[i][0] = i + 1
            ans[i][1] = count
            ans[i][2] = dfs(count, i, G, ans)
            count = ans[i][2] + 1

    for i in range(n):
        print(*ans[i])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
#連結グラフではない
n = int(input())
V = [[] for _ in range(n+1)]
for _ in range(n):
    inpt = list(map(int,input().split( )))
    if len(inpt)>2:
        V[inpt[0]] = inpt[2:]


D = [0]*(n+1)
F = [0]*(n+1)

time = 1
Q = [1]
D[0] = -1
D[1] = 1
while len(Q) > 0 or 0 in D[1:]:
    v = Q[-1]
    remains = False
    for i in V[v]:
        if D[i] == 0:
            D[i] = time+1
            Q.append(i)
            remains = True
            break
    if not remains:
        F[v] = time+1
        Q.pop()
        
    time += 1
    if len(Q) == 0:
        if 0 in D:
            time += 1
            nxt = D.index(0)
            Q.append(nxt)
            D[nxt] = time
        else:
            pass
        

for i in range(1,n+1):
    print(i,D[i],F[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
def main():
    n = int(input())
    _next, state, d, f = [], [False] * n, [0] * n, [0] * n
    for _ in range(n):
        u, k, *v = map(lambda s: int(s) - 1, input().split())
        _next.append(sorted(v, reverse=True))
    stack = []
    time = 0

    while True:
        for i in range(n):
            if not state[i]:
                stack.append(i)
                state[i] = True
                time += 1
                d[i] = time
                break
        if not stack:
            break
        while stack:
            u = stack[-1]
            if _next[u]:
                v = _next[u].pop()
                if not state[v]:
                    state[v] = True
                    time += 1
                    d[v] = time
                    stack.append(v)
            else:
                time += 1
                f[u] = time
                stack.pop()

    for i in range(n):
        print(i + 1, d[i], f[i])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
#import pysnooper
#import os,re,sys,operator,math,heapq,string
#from collections import Counter,deque
#from operator import itemgetter
#from itertools import accumulate,combinations,groupby,combinations_with_replacement
from sys import stdin,setrecursionlimit
#from copy import deepcopy
setrecursionlimit(10**6)

#@pysnooper.snoop()
def dfs(v,s):
    seen[v]=True
    first[v]=s
    s+=1
    #print(v,g[v])
    for i in g[v]:
        if seen[i]:
            continue
        s=dfs(i,s)
    #print(s)
    last[v]=s
    return s+1

n=int(stdin.readline().rstrip())
seen=[False]*n
first=[0]*n
last=[0]*n
g=[[] for _ in range(n)]
s=1
for i in range(n):
    v=list(map(int,stdin.readline().rstrip().split()))
    for j in v[2:]:
        g[v[0]-1].append(j-1)
for i in range(n):
    if not seen[i]:
        s=dfs(i,s)
for i in range(n):
    print(i+1,first[i],last[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
from typing import List


def dfs(adj_matrix: List[List[int]], vartex: int) -> int:
    global step
    global discover_times
    global finish_times
    if 0 != discover_times[vartex]:
        return 0
    discover_times[vartex] = step

    for col_idx in range(len(adj_matrix)):
        if (0 != adj_matrix[vartex][col_idx]) and (0 == discover_times[col_idx]):
            step += 1
            dfs(adj_matrix, col_idx)

    step += 1
    finish_times[vartex] = step

    return 1


if __name__ == "__main__":
    num_vertices = int(input())
    adj_matrix = [[0] * num_vertices for i in range(num_vertices)]

    for _ in range(num_vertices):
        vertex, _, *adjs = map(lambda x: int(x), input().split())
        for adj in adjs:
            adj_matrix[vertex - 1][adj - 1] = 1

    step = 1
    discover_times = [0] * num_vertices
    finish_times = [0] * num_vertices

    for vartex in range(num_vertices):
        if 1 == dfs(adj_matrix, vartex):
            step += 1

    for vertex, (d, f) in enumerate(zip(discover_times, finish_times)):
        print(f"{vertex + 1} {d} {f}")

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
def dfs(v,t):
    d[v]=t
    t+=1
    for i in edge[v]:
        if d[i]==-1:
            t=dfs(i,t)
    f[v]=t
    t+=1
    return t

n=int(input())
edge=[[] for _ in range(n)]
for _ in range(n):
    u,_,*v=map(lambda x:int(x)-1,input().split())
    edge[u]=sorted(v)
d,f=[-1]*n,[-1]*n
k=1
for i in range(n):
    if d[i]==-1:
        k=dfs(i,k)
for i in range(n):
    print(i+1,d[i],f[i])

Submission status: Accepted

Solution code:
n = int(input())
l = [[] for i in range(n)]


class V:
    def __init__(self, node):
        self.d = -1
        self.f = -1
        self.node = node


for i in range(n):
    _input = [int(j) - 1 for j in input().split(" ")]
    u = _input[0]
    k = _input[1] + 1
    node = sorted(_input[2::])
    if u in node:
        node.remove(u)
    l[u] = V(node)

time = 1


def DFS(i):
    global time
    if l[i].d == -1:
        l[i].d = time
    time += 1
    for n in l[i].node:
        if l[n].d == -1:
            DFS(n)
            time+=1
    if l[i].f == -1:
        l[i].f = time
    return


for i in range(n):
    if l[i].d == -1:
        DFS(i)
        time+=1

for i, v in enumerate(l):
    print(i + 1, v.d, v.f)