encounters a substantial arc of change that does n't produce any real transformation 
(ROOT (S (VP (VBZ encounters) (NP (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ substantial) (NN arc)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN change)))) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBZ does) (RB n't) (VP (VB produce) (NP (DT any) (JJ real) (NN transformation))))))))))
(ROOT (S (VP (VBZ ) (NP (NP (NP (DT ) (JJ ) (NN )) (PP (IN ) (NP (NN )))) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT )) (S (VP (VBZ ) (RB ) (VP (VB ) (NP (DT ) (JJ ) (NN ))))))))))