Effects of Two Types of Concurrent Training in Functional Performance and Cognitive Function of Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to identify and compare the impacts of traditional concurrent training and concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes on functional performance, cognitive function and quality of life in older people. The main question it aims to answer are: • The concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes can provide similar benefits to traditional concurrent training in neuromuscular and cardiorrespiratory performance, cognitive function and quality of life in older people? Participants will training one of the two types of concurrent training (traditional concurrent training or concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes), two times a week, over 12 weeks. Researchers will compare traditional concurrent training, concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes and a control group without exercise to see if this modalitys of physical exercise can provide increases in neuromuscular and cardiorrespiratory performance, cognitive function and quality of life in older people.

Official Title
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Effects of Traditional Concurrent Training and Concurrent Training Composed by Strenght Traning and Dance Classes in Functional Performance, Cognitive Function and Quality of Life of Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Conditions
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Aging

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Traditional concurrent training
* Behavioral: Concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: Be male or female aged between 65 and 75 years old Do not practice regular physical exercises for at least three months No history of competitive sports throughout life Not having musculoskeletal and neurological diseases or disorders that may influence the performance of the exercises or affect the test results Not having health conditions in which physical exercise is contraindicated Achieve a score of no less than 24 on the Mini Mental State Exam Achieve a score of up to 9.11 on the Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire. Exclusion criteria: Miss more than 20% of training sessions Miss more than three workouts in a row Failure to attend any of the evaluations will be excluded from the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Traditional concurrent training<br>The subjects will perform two concurrent training sessions, of approximately one hour per week. Composed of strength exercises and aerobic exercise (walking outdoors and/or treadmill). | Behavioral: Traditional concurrent training<br>* The subjects will perform two sessions per week of traditional concurrent training, consisting of strength training followed by aerobic exercise over 12 weeks, with progressive intensities and training volumes. Each traditional concurrent training session will consist of specific warm-up performed on equipment for upper and lower limbs with a load of less than 30% of the training load. Then the bench press, low row, leg press, extension and knee flexion exercises will be performed. Participants will be instructed to perform the concentric phase of the movement in one second and the eccentric phase in two seconds. After strength training, aerobic training (walking outdoors or on a treadmill) will be performed with intensity based on the adapted BORG effort perception scale (ranged to 0 = minimum effort, to 10 = maximal effort).<br>|
| Experimental: Concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes<br>The subjects will perform two concurrent training sessions associated with dance classes, of approximately one hour per week. Composed of strength exercises and dance classes. | Behavioral: Concurrent training consisting of strength training combined with dance classes<br>* Each concurrent training session associated with dance classes will consist of the same strength training as the traditional concurrent training group, but the traditional aerobic training will be replaced by a dance class. Each dance class will consist of a 5-minute general warm-up with joint mobility exercises and dynamic stretching. Then the main part will be performed with the elaboration of choreography, lasting approximately 20 minutes. Finally, there will be a 5-minute cool-down with stretching exercises. Classes will be held in four different dance modalities, divided into four modules.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Subjects will be instructed to maintain their usual routine during the study period. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Dynamic balance | Assessed by Timed Up and Go Test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Cognitive function | Assessed by Mini Exam of Mental State | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Self reported quality of life | Assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionary, on a scale ranging from 26 to 130. Higher scores are considered better. | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Static Balance | Assessed by One leg Stance Test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Seat to Stand Capacity | Assessed by 30s Seat to Stand Test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Stairs Climb Capacity | Assessed by 10 step climb test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Leg Strenght | Assessed by One repetition maximum knee extension test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Leg Power | Assessd by 30% and 70% of One repetition maximum knee extension Test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Hand Grip Strenght | Assessed by Hand Grip Test with Hydraulic Dynamometer | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Cardiorrespiratory Capacity | Assessed by the 6 minutes walk test | Baseline, 8 and 12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Quadriceps muscle thickness | Assessed by ultrasound | Baseline and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Affectivity with the intervention | Assessed by Scale (+5 = very good, -5 = very bad) | 8 and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Lipid profile | plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides will be determined by the colorimetric method with specific kits in an automatic analyzer (Cobas C111, Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland). | Baseline and 12 weeks | 
| Change in Specific tension of quadriceps | Calculated by the formula: maximum knee extension strength/quadriceps muscle thickness | Baseline and 12 weeks | 
| Change in depressive symptoms | Measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale, that consists of 15 questions with binary answers (yes/no) and easy to understand. It ranges from zero (absence of depressive symptoms) to fifteen points (maximum score of depressive symptoms). | Baseline and 12 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Aging, Functional capacity, Physical activities