Histopathological Analysis of Renal Biopsies With Dynamic Full-field Optical Coherence Tomography, a Comparison to Conventional Histopathological Findings for the Diagnosis of Either Acute Kidney Injury or Chronic Kidney Disease in Routine Practices (NEPHROCT)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Kidney biopsy play a key role for the investigation of either acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease. Despite possible complications due to the invasive nature of the biopsy, such procedure is still essential in a number of clinical situations to improve the diagnosis specificity of kidney disease, better inform about its prognosis and guide the management of a future treatment. Pursuing the idea to improve both performance and rapidity associated with the histopathological analysis of kidney biopsy, with a possible recourse to artificial intelligence-based renal pathology, the present study intends to assess the impact of direct histopathological examination of kidney biopsy with dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography in routine practices for the diagnosis of either acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease.

Official Title
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Histopathological Analysis of Renal Biopsies With Dynamic Full-field Optical Coherence Tomography, a Comparison to Conventional Histopathological Findings for the Diagnosis of Either Acute Kidney Injury or Chronic Kidney Disease in Routine Practices

Conditions
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Tomography, Optical Coherence, Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic Kidney Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography analysis of kidney biopsy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients > 18 years of age with suspected acute kidney injury requiring biopsy in the nephrology department patients > 18 years of age with suspected chronic kidney disease requiring biopsy in the nephrology department Exclusion Criteria: inability to perform dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography observation at the moment of kidney biopsy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| NEPHROCT cohort<br>Patients > 18 years of age with suspected acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease requiring biopsy in the nephrology department | Other: Dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography analysis of kidney biopsy<br>* Dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography analysis of kidney biopsy in the nephrology department before conventional histopathological analysis<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Histopathological analysis of elementary lesions in nephropathology with dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography | Provide a better understanding of the ability of dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography to identify and characterize common glomerular (abnormal / double contour of the glomerular basement membrane, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, collapse of the glomerular tuft, proliferation of glomerular epithelial cells, endocapillary proliferation, mesangial expansion, necrosis and proliferation with mild increase in extracapillary cells...), vascular (hyaline change, fibrinoid change / necrosis, thrombosis, inflammation or necrosis of vascular walls, arteriosclerosis) and tubulointerstitial (acute tubular necrosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization, lipid inclusions in proximal / distal tubular cells, atrophy of tubules, edema, inflammation or interstitial fibrosis, cortical necrosis) lesions seen in kidney biopsy | Outcome measure is assessed 15 days following kidney biopsy | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Histopathological analysis of healthy kidney biopsy with dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography | Provide a better understanding of the ability of dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography to identify and characterize healthy glomerular (glomerular basement membrane, glomerular tuft, endothelial, epithelial, and mesangial cells, glomerular capsule and capsular space, glomerular capillaries), vascular (afferent and efferent arterioles, interlobular artery) and tubulointerstitial (proximal and distal tubular cells, normal cytoplasmic aspect) structures seen in kidney biopsy | Outcome measure is assessed 15 days following kidney biopsy | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Tomography, Optical Coherence, Chronic Kidney Diseases, Acute Kidney Injury, Kidney Biopsy