Respiferon Project

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) represent a major public health problem and a great burden in terms of morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. To ascertain the source of an infection, microbiology laboratories routinely perform a crucial step: the search for the pathogen through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Due to the extensive variety of pathogens, testing for the existence of all potential viruses, bacteria, or fungi accountable for the infection is an impractical and time-intensive endeavor. Furthermore, the rise of novel pathogens, exemplified by those accountable for the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, underscores the urgency of promptly developing new innovative diagnostic tests. To address these needs, researchers have dedicated several years to developing indirect methodologies notably centered around utilizing markers derived from the host's immune system. Among these, one particularly promising approach focuses on measuring the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which are uniquely triggered by viral infections, thereby facilitating viral diagnosis. This methodology's efficacy has been proven in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study's objective is to assess the functionality of such a tool across a spectrum of Respiratory Viral Infections (RVIs) prevalent within a French population during the winter season.

Official Title
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Evaluation of the Type 1 IFN Response in Viral Infections

Conditions
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Respiratory Viral Infection

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Evaluate the performance of IFN I/III


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Positive nasopharyngeal samples for the detection of a virus, for which the replicative character has been established by the viral culture technique (500µL minimum required) Samples kept at the CRB since 2018 Information to patients carried out and non-objection collected- Exclusion Criteria: N/A
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Replicative viruses<br>Presence of a replicative virus determined by viral culture | Diagnostic Test: Evaluate the performance of IFN I/III<br>* Evaluate the response in diagnosing non-respiratory viral infection.<br>|
| Unreplicative viruses<br>Absence of a replicative virus determined by viral culture | Diagnostic Test: Evaluate the performance of IFN I/III<br>* Evaluate the response in diagnosing non-respiratory viral infection.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Presence or Absence of a replicative virus detected by viral culture | RT-qPCR/qPCR-positive NPS will be inoculated on suitable cell lines using a culture medium appropriate for growth. Plates will be incubated at 33°C in 5% CO2 for 96 hours. Positive samples will be harvested for the confirmation technique, while negative samples will be cultured for 8 days. RNA or DNA from infected cells will be harvested and will be assayed with Panther Fusion® RT-PCR/PCR kits (Hologic Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) for viral identification, except for RSV and influenza A and B viruses (IAV/IBV) which were detected by immunofluorescence using Thermo ScientificTM IMAGENTM kits (Thermo Fischer Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). | One sample at inclusion | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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respiratory viruses, Nasal IFN-1 Score, Nasopharyngeal Swab, Replicative virus, Infectiousness