Shock Wave Therapy Versus Low Level Laser Therapy in Patients With Plantar Fasciitis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Both shock wave therapy and low level laser therapy in plantar fasciitis are effective in improvement of such cases without any side effects but there are no previously published studies on the use of shock wave therapy versus low level laser therapy in plantar fasciitis and, hence, evidence of its acceptability and effectiveness compared with each other remains to be established.

Detailed Description
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Plantar fasciitis is a result of degenerative irritation of the plantar fascia origin at the medial calcaneal tuberosity of the heel as well as the surrounding perifascial structures, it is a common problem accounting for approximately one million patient visits per year, it is often an overuse injury. As a result tight gastrocnemius, soleus, and/or other posterior leg muscles have also been commonly found in patients with this condition. Shock wave therapy is thought to provide long lasting analgesia and stimulate the healing process, Low level laser therapy has been used to relieve pain caused by plantar fasciitis, also stretching of the shortened and contracted plantar flexors may positively influence an individual's functional activities of daily living and decrease the risk of injury.

Official Title
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Effect of Shock Wave Therapy Versus Low Level Laser Therapy in Patients With Plantar Fasciitis

Conditions
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Plantar Fascitis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: conventional therapy
* Other: shock wave therapy
* Other: low level laser therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age ranges from 40-60 years old. Both genders will be included. Unilateral plantar fasciitis. Duration of symptoms more than 4 weeks. Positive Windlass test and negative Tinel and calcaneus squeeze tests. Patients will be classified according to their BMI (18.5 - 24.9) kg/m2 Exclusion Criteria: Open wound, infection in plantar surface of foot. History of foot surgery. History of trauma or fracture in foot or ankle. Neuropathic pain as diabetes mellitus. Peripheral vascular disease. Calcaneal stress fracture or show evidence of a foreign body or tumor of the affected heel. Previously suffered a rupture or surgery of the plantar fascia. Existing or prior osteomyelitis of the involved calcaneus.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Control group<br>conventional physical therapy program (Instructions, Ice application, Deep tissue massage, Stretching exercises, Joint mobilization and isometric exercises). | Other: conventional therapy<br>* conventional therapy ( instructions, ice application, deep tissue massage, stretching exercises, joint mobilization and isometric exercises )<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental group 1<br>Shock wave therapy + Conventional physical therapy. | Other: conventional therapy<br>* conventional therapy ( instructions, ice application, deep tissue massage, stretching exercises, joint mobilization and isometric exercises )<br>Other: shock wave therapy<br>* Acoustic waves (shock waves) that can carry energy and can propagate through tissues promote healing effects.<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental group 2<br>Low level laser therapy + Conventional physical therapy. | Other: conventional therapy<br>* conventional therapy ( instructions, ice application, deep tissue massage, stretching exercises, joint mobilization and isometric exercises )<br>Other: low level laser therapy<br>* The application of light to a biologic system to promote tissue regeneration, reduce inflammation and relieve pain.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Assess the change in pain intensity level | The visual analogue scale (VAS) is a widely utilized pain intensity level assessment instrument in patients with plantar fasciitis. The visual analogue scale (VAS) is typically composed of a horizontal line from zero (minimum value) to 10 (maximum value) where zero signifies (no pain) and 10 signifies (worst pain) one can imagine. | Before treatment and after 6 weeks treatment | 
| Assess the change in pain pressure threshold | Pressure algometry will be used to evaluate the pain pressure threshold for the two predetermined locations on the affected leg: gastrocnemius (middle point over the muscle belly) and soleus (center point of the muscle belly 10 cm above the Achilles tendon). The participant will speak up at the point where the pressure evoke a painful sensation. This process will be repeated 3 times in the same manner, and three measurements will be recorded at the same point on the plantar fascia. An average of the three readings will be recorded. Higher algometer scores indicate greater pressure threshold, therefore less tenderness. Lower algometer scores indicate less pressure threshold, thus more tenderness. | Before treatment and after 6 weeks treatment | 
| Assess the change in range of ankle motion | Ankle range of motion (ROM) will be measured by using digital goniometer (ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion ranges will be measured). It can monitor the progress of intervention. | Before treatment and after 6 weeks treatment | 
| Assess the change in foot functional disability | Foot functional disability will be assessed by foot and ankle ability measure questionnaire (FAAM). Higher scores on the questionnaire indicate a higher level of physical functioning and lower scores on the questionnaire indicate a lower level of physical functioning. | Before treatment and after 6 weeks treatment | 
| Assess the change in ankle stability | The Human Assessment Computer (HUMAC) Balance System will be used in the current study to assess limits of stability of ankle joint. | Before treatment and after 6 weeks treatment | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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low level laser therapy, shock wave therapy, stretching exercises