The Impact of Gender Stereotypes on Fiberoptic Intubation Performance

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Gender bias and stereotypes have been recognized as pervasive factors influencing various aspects of society, including professional settings. Within the realm of medical practice, understanding the potential impacts of such biases on performance is of paramount importance. Anesthesiology, a field that demands technical precision, teamwork, and rapid decision-making, is not immune to the potential effects of gender stereotypes on performance outcomes. This study aims to explore the potential influence of gender stereotype manipulation and stereotype threat on the fiber-optic intubation (FOE) performance of female anesthesiology residents. Stereotype threat refers to the apprehension individuals experience when their actions or abilities are evaluated within the context of negative stereotypes associated with their social group. Such threat has been shown to adversely affect cognitive and motor performance in various domains. In medical education, where skills are honed through training, understanding the role of stereotype threat is crucial to fostering equitable learning environments and ensuring patient safety.

Official Title
-----------------
The Impact of Gender Stereotypes on Fiberoptic Intubation Performance: A Randomized Controlled Simulation Study

Conditions
-----------------
Stereotype-threat, Intubation; Difficult or Failed, Gender

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: stereotype threat manipulation


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: 1.Residents in the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, who have completed their initial year of residency and have prior experience in FOE. Exclusion Criteria: Not meeting the above criteria Not willing to participate in the study

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: It will be a 2x2 between-subject factorial design. Simulation FOE (Fiberoptic Intubation) scores will be the dependent variable. Being male or female and stereotype threat will be the study's independent variables. There will be four groups to be compared: Male anesthesiologists in the experimental group (1), male anesthesiologists in the control group (2), female anesthesiologists in the experimental group (3), female anesthesiologists in the control group (4).
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Female anesthesiologists in the experimental group<br>Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the female anesthesiologist in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. | Behavioral: stereotype threat manipulation<br>* Stereotype threat is the thought that a person will be negatively evaluated and judged regarding a negative stereotype that belongs to the group to which he/ she belongs. Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the male and female participants in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. For manipulation, the following sentences will be said to the participants in the experimental group: We aim to compare fiberoptic intubation performance between male and female anesthesiologists. Additionally, we are investigating whether the high inclination of males towards computer games has any impact on their fiberoptic intubation success. The other participants (Control Group) will not be given any prior information.<br>|
| No Intervention: Female anesthesiologists in the control group<br>The female anesthesiologists in the control group will not be given any prior information. | |
| Experimental: Male anesthesiologist in the experimental group<br>Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the male anesthesiologist in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. | Behavioral: stereotype threat manipulation<br>* Stereotype threat is the thought that a person will be negatively evaluated and judged regarding a negative stereotype that belongs to the group to which he/ she belongs. Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the male and female participants in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. For manipulation, the following sentences will be said to the participants in the experimental group: We aim to compare fiberoptic intubation performance between male and female anesthesiologists. Additionally, we are investigating whether the high inclination of males towards computer games has any impact on their fiberoptic intubation success. The other participants (Control Group) will not be given any prior information.<br>|
| No Intervention: Male anesthesiologist in the control group<br>The male anesthesiologists in the control group will not be given any prior information. | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fİberoptic Intubation (FOE) Performance | Change in FOE scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. Measurements were conducted on the ORSIM Bronchoscopy simulator using its own measurement parameters, including Task Completion Time (s), Collision Avoidance (%), and Final Score (min 0-100). A decrease in task completion time, an increase in collision avoidance percentage, and a higher final score indicate that the participant performed fiberoptic intubation more effectively. | During FOE simulation | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Gender Stereotype, Fiberoptic Intubation