Using Text Messages to Boost COVID-19 Vaccine Booking Rate

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study is a nationwide randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the impact of behavioural science-informed text messages notifying patients of their eligibility for the COVID-19 vaccine on vaccination rates.

Official Title
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Using Text Messages to Boost COVID-19 Vaccination Appointment Booking and Vaccination Rates: A Randomised Controlled Field Trial.

Conditions
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Vaccination Hesitancy, COVID-19

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages
* Behavioral: Control


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: (i) satisfying the age criteria as defined above; (ii) recorded in the National Immunisation Management System (NIMS); (iii) with a valid mobile phone number; (iv) who had not already received or been invited for the COVID-19 vaccine via NIMS at the time of the study. Exclusion Criteria: Participants with invalid phone numbers

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 44 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Control<br>Received the text message You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Control<br>* Control vaccination eligibility reminder text message<br>|
| Experimental: Simple<br>Received the text message You can now book your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|
| Experimental: Reserved<br>Received the text message Your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine is waiting for you. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|
| Experimental: Top of queue<br>Received the text message You've reached the top of the queue and are a priority for getting a free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|
| Experimental: Join the millions<br>Received the text message You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Join the millions who have already had theirs. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|
| Experimental: Convenience<br>Received the text message You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Choose a time and place that suits you. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|
| Experimental: Protection against virus<br>Received the text message You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Getting vaccinated is the best protection against coronavirus. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|
| Experimental: Protect you and those close to you<br>Received the text message You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Getting the vaccine is the best way to protect yourself and those close to you against coronavirus. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119. | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages<br>* Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Booking rate within 72 hours | The proportion of first dose vaccination appointments booked through the NHS National Booking System within 72 hours (inclusive) of the text message being sent | 72 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vaccination rate within 14 days | The proportion of first dose vaccinations received within 14 days (inclusive) of the text message being sent | 14 days |