Effects of Low Impact Elliptical Training on Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This research study is determined to see the effects of low-impact elliptical training on knee osteoarthritis outcomes.

Detailed Description
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This study is designed to reduce the load of knee osteoarthritis patients in society so that the individual lives a healthy life without getting caught in any form of disability. Knee osteoarthritis is a progressive and degenerative disease of a joint that includes focal cartilage loss, bony hypertrophy, synovial capsule thickening, and changes in structures of periarticular ligaments and peripheral muscles. There are several techniques used to overcome the individual's pain, for instance, the mobilization of the joint, prolotherapy, and the use of different electrical modalities. meanwhile, an elliptical workout provides a positive result in reducing the progression of overall knee joint and cartilage defects. elliptical training is included in low-impact activities which are proven joint-friendly activities for the better improvement of the knee joint. This activity works on a similar principle of cyclic compressive loading as occurs in the manual mobilization of the knee joint. This activity brings out the fluid from the synovial membrane on compression and upon decompression, the cartilage reabsorbs the oxygen and nutrients, which crosses the synovial barrier into the synovial fluid through a double diffusion system in the joint. The fluid then reaches the extra-cellular matrix that moves to the multiple layers of chondrocytes for the growth of the cartilage in OA.

Official Title
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Effects of Low Impact Elliptical Training on Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes.

Conditions
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Osteoarthritis, Knee

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: experimental and conventional group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 40- to 65-year-old. Diagnosed cases of Grade 1 and 2 Knee OA. Healthy and overweight patients will be included. (18.5- 29.5) Exclusion Criteria: Acute musculoskeletal injury. Low back pain and Sciatica. Hip and ankle pathology. Acute infection, fever. The patient taking supplements and medications. Any knee deformity.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: elliptical training group.<br>In this group, Ultrasound 1MHz, 1.5W/cm2 7 mins, knee isometrics, and open chain activities. static stretching of the lower limbs will be given 10 reps each and held for 10 secs. 5 mins of warm-up activity on elliptical training will be given prior to the treatment group. then 3 mins of training with a set pace of 120 strides/min will start, then after 7 weeks, the timings will be increased to 5 mins. The base check-up will be conducted during 7 weeks and at the end of 12 weeks. | Other: experimental and conventional group<br>* Static stretchings of the lower limb, Ultrasound 1 MHz 1.5W/cm2 7 mins, knee isometrics, open chain activities, knee mobilizations grade 1 and 2, and home care plan.<br>* Other names: Conventional group;|
| Other: Conventional treatment group<br>Static stretching of the lower limbs as mentioned above, Ultrasound 1MHz 1.5W/cm2 7min, knee isometrics, open chain activities, anterior-posterior Maitland knee mobilizations grade 1 and 2, and home care plan. | Other: experimental and conventional group<br>* Static stretchings of the lower limb, Ultrasound 1 MHz 1.5W/cm2 7 mins, knee isometrics, open chain activities, knee mobilizations grade 1 and 2, and home care plan.<br>* Other names: Conventional group;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knee joint pain. | Pain is measured through KOOS questionnaire, which is the part of the KOOS and it has 9 items to identify pain scoring. A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems) and each of the five scores is calculated as the sum of the items included. | Baseline, 6th week and 12th week. | 
| Knee joint X-rays. | From the X-rays we will measure the medial and lateral knee joint space width through Radiant software. | Baseline, 6th week and 12th week. | 
| Knee joint stiffness and symptoms. | This is the part of KOOS questinnaire, it involves 5 items of symptoms and 2 items of stiffnss to rule out knee joint symptoms and stiffness. A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems) and each of the five scores is calculated as the sum of the items included. | Baseline, 6th week and 12th week. | 
| Activities of daily livings impact on knee joint | This is also the part of KOOS questionnaire, it includes 17 items to find out the scoring. A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems) and each of the five scores is calculated as the sum of the items included. | Baseline, 6th week and 12th week. | 
| Sports activity impact on knee joint | We can find the sports scoring through KOOS questionnaire, it embroils 5 items. A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems) and each of the five scores is calculated as the sum of the items included. | Baseline, 6th week and 12th week. | 
| Quality of life impact on knee joint | This one is also the part of KOOS questionnaire. it contain 4 items for scoring. A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems) and each of the five scores is calculated as the sum of the items included. | Baseline, 6th week and 12th week. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Knee osteoarthritis