Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Brief Behavioral and Sleep Hygiene Education With Mindfulness Intervention on Sleep Quality

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Sleep plays a fundamental role in both mental- and physical-health, with good sleep health including adequate duration and quality, appropriate timing, regularity, and absence of sleep disorders. The purpose of this study is to evaluate sleep in adolescent and if brief behavioral and sleep hygiene education with mindfulness intervention improves, sleep timing, sleep duration, sleep quality, anxiety/depression, and quality of life. During adolescence extensive physiological changes happen that make it easier for adolescents to stay up later, that may increase the time it may take them to fall-asleep and developing insomnia symptoms. At the same time psychosocial changes happen, that may may even have been further amplified in the last decade, with increase in social media use and evening screen-time. As sleep need is not decreased and with adolescents having to wake up at socially acceptable times rather than the endogenous sleep offset time, sleep duration may be shortened causing chronic sleep loss and daytime sleepiness. Insufficient sleep in adolescents may affect their daytime functioning, causing fatigue and memory issues, affect school attendance and academic performance, affect mood, mental- and physical health, cause behavioral dysfunction and has been associated with worse health outcomes, adverse risk behaviors and even increase risk for accidents.This study should advance understanding of sleep in adolescents and if this simple interventions can be effective in improving their sleep and mental health. If effective larger studies will be needed to evaluate if there might be a value in implementing changes in the infrastructure of the educational system to better support sleep and mental health of adolescent.

Detailed Description
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The study is a prospective cross-sectional study implementing a brief behavioral and sleep hygiene education with mindfulness intervention in adolescents in the age-range of 16-19-years interested to participate and willing to sign a consent. Sleep duration, sleep timing and sleep quality will be measured with objective home sleep test for three (3) week-nights and two (2) weekend-nights and sleep, anxiety and depression symptoms will be evaluated with subjective questionnaires before starting the 4-week intervention. After the 4-week intervention sleep, anxiety and depression symptoms will be evaluated again using both the objective home sleep test and questionnaires to measure if the intervention improved sleep timing, duration and/or quality as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Official Title
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A Pilot Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Brief Behavioral and Sleep Hygiene Education With Mindfulness Intervention on Sleep Duration, Sleep Timing, Sleep Quality, Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Adolescents

Conditions
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Sleep

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Brief behavioral sleep therapy, sleep hygiene education and mindfulness training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Students interested to participate and able to sign enlightened consent Exclusion Criteria: Atrial fibrillation or ventricular trigeminy Severe and uncontrolled asthma or severe pulmonary disease Moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 16 Years
Maximum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention<br> | Behavioral: Brief behavioral sleep therapy, sleep hygiene education and mindfulness training<br>* Brief behavioral sleep therapy, sleep hygiene education and mindfulness training using breathing exercises and Yoga Nidra<br>|
| No Intervention: Controle<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To evaluate if changes will be observed in sleep quality measured with sleep quality index (SQI) | Intervention with brief behavioral and sleep hygiene education and mindfulness training with breathing exercises and Yoga Nidra | 4-week intervention | 
| To evaluate if changes will be observed in sleep timing and duration (hours, minutes) | Intervention with brief behavioral and sleep hygiene education and mindfulness training with breathing exercises and Yoga Nidra | 4-week intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To evaluate if changes will be observed in anxiety evaluated using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (score 0-21) | Intervention with brief behavioral and sleep hygiene education and mindfulness training with breathing exercises and Yoga Nidra | 4-week intervention |