Anesthesia Techniques in Symptomatic Mandibular Molars With Irreversible Pulpitis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate the success of buccal infiltration (BI) anesthesia + intraligamentary (ILI) anesthesia between inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) anesthesia + buccal infiltration anesthesia in mandibular molar teeth with acute symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the anesthesia techniques adequate to perform root canal treatment painlessly? Which technique achieved pulpal anesthesia? Participants were allocated in two groups according to the randomization blocks, with a total of 25 patients in each group. In IANB + BI anesthesia techniques, a total of approximately 2.8 ml of anesthetic solution, 1.8 ml + 1 ml, was applied, while for BI + ILI, a total of approximately 1.72 ml, 1 ml + 0.72 ml, was administered. Then, root canal treatment was performed. Researchers were compared the success of anesthesia techniques in different stages of root canal treatment.

Detailed Description
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A total of 50 patients, aged between 18-65, who were diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of the mandibular molar tooth, were included in this study. The patients were allocated in two groups according to the randomization blocks, with a total of 25 patients in each group. In IANB + BI anesthesia techniques, a total of approximately 2.8 ml of anesthetic solution, 1.8 ml + 1 ml, was applied, while for BI + ILI, a total of approximately 1.72 ml, 1 ml + 0.72 ml, was administered. After the anesthesia, a rubber dam was placed on the associated tooth of the patient for root canal treatment, the endodontic access cavity was opened, and canal preparation procedures were started. The pain levels felt by the patients during the endodontic treatment stages (starting the treatment, opening the endodontic access cavity and pulp extirpation) were determined by Heft-Parker VAS (HP-VAS) scale. Anesthesia was considered successful in patients who felt no pain (HP-VAS ratio = 0) or mild pain (HP-VAS ratio ≤ 54) during the procedures.

Official Title
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Evaluation of the Efficiency of Intraligamentary + Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia and Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block + Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia in Symptomatic Mandibular Molars With Irreversible Pulpitis

Conditions
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Anesthesia, Dental

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Group
* Device: Intraligamentary Injection Group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Systemically healthy patients The absence of periapical pathology Not sensitive to articaine or epinephrine No facial paresthesia Not taking any analgesic drug 6 hours before treatment Not taking any medication that interferes with anesthesia, such as tricyclic antidepressants and beta-blockers The absence of pathosis in areas planned for injection Not pregnant The absence of pathologic periodontal pockets during probing Patients with a mandibular first molar tooth exhibiting symptomatic irreversible pulpitis Exclusion Criteria: -

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Group<br>A standard Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) injection with a conventional dental injector and a 27-G needle to achieve pulpal anesthesia in mandibular molar teeth. | Device: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Group<br>* A standard IANB injection with a conventional dental injector and a 27-G needle. After determining the injection site and performing aspiration, 1.8 mL of solution was injected at a rate of 1 mL/min to block the inferior alveolar nerve. After achieving lip anesthesia, infiltration was performed at the buccal side of the affected tooth with 0.5 mL using a normal syringe and a 27-G needle. The needle insertion point was the middle of the mesiodistal distance of the crown. Five minutes later, the teeth were isolated and the endodontic procedure was started.<br>|
| Experimental: Intraligamentary Injection Group<br>An intraligamentary injection that performed with a special pressure injection syringe (Sopira Citoject, Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) and a 30-G needle. | Device: Intraligamentary Injection Group<br>* An infiltration was performed at the buccal side of the affected tooth with 0.5 mL using a normal syringe and a 27-G needle. Then, an intraligamentary injection was performed with a special pressure injection syringe (Sopira Citoject, Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) and a 30-G needle. The needle was placed alongside the tooth and inserted at a 30 angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the crown with the needle between the teeth and the bone. Then, in the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual and distolingual portions of teeth, 0.18 mL of the solution was injected. Five minutes later, the teeth were isolated and the endodontic procedure was started.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The success of anesthesia techniques | Heft-Parker visual analog scale (HPVAS) was used to evaluate the patient's subjective pain and convert it to quantitative values. The pain was classified as follows: 0, no pain as 1; 1-54 mm, mild pain as 2; 55-112 mm, moderate pain as 3; and 114-170 mm, severe pain as 4. If the VAS value is 1 and 2, anesthesia is considered successful, if 3 and 4, anesthesia is considered unsuccessful. HPVAS-1 determines the VAS value of pain response to cold test. The VAS value of the pain response at the start of the treatment is HPVAS-2. The VAS value of the pain response on entering the pulp chamber HPVAS-3: The VAS value of the pain response during pulp extirpation was recorded as HPVAS-4. | 0-2 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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pain, irreversible pulpitis, intraligamentary injection, inferior alveolar nerve block