Convolutional Neural Network Model to Detect Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia in Chest Radiographs

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to design a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and apply an attention model to help differentiate pneumonia due to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), pneumonia due to other viruses/bacteria, and normal chest x-ray (CXR) in clinical practice. A bank of digital chest images from a high-complexity health facility in Cali, Colombia, was used.

Detailed Description
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To differentiate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia from other types of pneumonia, expert radiologists must analyze the chest x-ray (CXR) to identify visual, radiographic patterns associated with Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It is challenging because the findings are similar for different types of pneumonia. Since the manual diagnosis of COVID-19 from CXR is a difficult and time-consuming process, applying deep learning (DL) models to medical image analysis is a current hot research topic. This work will develop a new Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to detect COVID-19 radiographs. It will use a large dataset of chest radiographs classified into three classes: viral/bacterial pneumonia, COVID-19 pneumonia, and normal images. The study aims to incorporate a new attention module that applies CNNs to the linear projection operation to help differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonia and normal chest radiographs in clinical practice.

Official Title
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The Predictive Capacity of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model to Detect Viral Pneumonia in Adult Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Cali, Colombia

Conditions
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COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), COVID-19 Pneumonia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Categorization of chest xrays images


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Chest radiographs from patients without COVID-19 or other pneumonia took before the pandemic start date (January 2020) Chest radiographs from patients with COVID-19 confirmed by positive Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or presence of antibodies to COVID-19 and/or positive COVID-19 viral antigen. Chest radiographs from patients without COVID-19 confirmed by a negative Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and other pneumonia diagnoses taken before the pandemic start date (January 2020) Exclusion Criteria: N/A

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Normal chest radiographs<br>X-rays without alterations in the lung parenchyma | Other: Categorization of chest xrays images<br>* Use of Convolutional Neural Network Model to categorize chest xrays images in each group.<br>|
| COVID-19 chest radiographs<br>X-rays belonging to patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed by positive Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or presence of antibodies to COVID-19 and/or positive COVID-19 viral antigen. | Other: Categorization of chest xrays images<br>* Use of Convolutional Neural Network Model to categorize chest xrays images in each group.<br>|
| Other pneumonia chest radiographs<br>X-rays belonging to patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia other than COVID-19 | Other: Categorization of chest xrays images<br>* Use of Convolutional Neural Network Model to categorize chest xrays images in each group.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pneumonia chest radiograph identified | Development and determination of the predictive capacity of a Convolutional Neural Network model to detect viral pneumonia in chest radiographs of adult patients with acute respiratory disease secondary to SARS-COV-2 infection. | month 8 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), Diagnostic Imaging, Radiography, Thorax, Computer Neural Network, Deep Learning