Pre-sleep Protein Supplementation in British Army Recruits

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Dietary protein has been shown to be important to support physical training. For occupational demands such as military training, new recruits often fail to meet the recommended protein intake during basic training (BT), with negligible amounts consumed in the evening. As such, individuals undertaking BT may require higher intakes than the general population.This study assessed the influence of a daily bolus of protein prior to sleep on performance adaptations, body composition and recovery in British Army recruits.

Detailed Description
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Dietary protein is crucial for optimising physical training adaptations such as muscular strength and mass, which are key aims for athletic populations, including British Army recruits. New recruits fail to meet the recommended protein intake during basic training (BT), with negligible amounts consumed in the evening. This study aimed to assess the influence of a daily bolus of protein prior to sleep on performance adaptations, body composition and recovery in British Army recruits. The study will recruit a mixed cohort of >120 new recruits from the United Kingdom (UK) British Army who will be randomised into a dietary control (CON), carbohydrate placebo (PLA), moderate (20g) protein (MOD) or high (60g) protein (HIGH) supplementation group. Supplements will be isocaloric and consumed daily on weekday evenings between 2000 and 2100h for 10 weeks during BT, alongside standardised dietary intake and BT activities. Performance tests (mid-thigh pull, medicine ball throw, 2km run time, maximal push-up and maximal vertical jump) and body composition will be assessed at the start and end of BT under standardised conditions. Dietary intake, energy expenditure, salivary hormones, urinary nitrogen balance, perceived muscle soreness, rating of perceived exertion, mood and fatigue will be assessed at the start, middle and end of BT. The underlying aim of this study is to assess whether inclusion of nocturnal protein supplementation will influence performance adaptations, body composition changes or acute recovery in British Army recruits.

Official Title
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Pre-sleep Protein Supplementation Does Not Improve Performance, Body Composition and Recovery in British Army Recruits

Conditions
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Protein-energy; Imbalance, Recovery, Body Weight

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: High protein supplement
* Dietary Supplement: Moderate protein supplement
* Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate placebo
* Other: Control: No supplementation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Enrolled into British Army basic training Medically fit to start Army training Exclusion Criteria: Not taking any other nutritional supplement Not currently pregnant Not dairy or lactose intolerant or have any specific dietary requirements .

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: High protein intake supplementation<br>A daily 60g dose of whey protein supplementation received between 8-9pm during BT. | Dietary Supplement: High protein supplement<br>* The participants received a 60g protein bolus each evening prior to sleep from week 3 to week 12 of training.<br>|
| Experimental: Moderate protein intake supplementation<br>A daily 20g dose of whey protein supplementation received between 8-9pm during BT. | Dietary Supplement: Moderate protein supplement<br>* The participants received a 20g protein bolus each evening prior to sleep from week 3 to week 12 of training.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Carbohydrate placebo supplementation<br>A daily isocaloric carbohydrate (maltodextrin) placebo received between 8-9pm during BT. | Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate placebo<br>* The participants received an isocaloric carbohydrate bolus each evening prior to sleep from week 3 to week 12 of training.<br>|
| Other: Control group<br>Control group, no daily supplement received, only participating in BT. | Other: Control: No supplementation<br>* The participants did not receive any supplementation but instead acted as a control group doing BT only<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lower body strength performance | Mid-thigh pull | 12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Body composition | Fat-free mass | 12 weeks |