Sexual Function, Body Image, Kinesiophobia and Physical Activity in Pregnant Women

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study compares sexual function, body image, kinesiophobia and physical activity level in women with and without pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain.

Detailed Description
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Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is a condition felt around the posterior iliac crystals, gluteal region and the sacroiliac joints, may spread to the back of the thigh, and may occur together or separately with pain in the symphysis pubis. Pregnancy-related PGP causes problems in the sexual life of women. Body image differs with the development of physical symptoms and changes in body size and shape during pregnancy. Body dissatisfaction resulting from physical changes can cause problems in women's attitudes towards sexuality. Sexual function is affected by physiological, anatomical and psychological changes that occur during pregnancy. Sexual function during pregnancy has been associated with conditions such as body image, physical activity level, and pain. In the literature, there are studies evaluating the relationship between sexual function and body image in pregnant women and in different populations. However, in these studies, questionnaires specific to pregnant women were not used to evaluate sexual function and body image, and a comparison of these parameters was not investigate in women with and without pregnancy-related PGP. Therefore, this study was planned to compare sexual function, body image, kinesiophobia and physical activity levels in women with and without pregnancy-related PGP. The outcome measures are Pregnancy Sexual Response Inventory (PSRI), Body Image in Pregnancy Scale (BIPS-Turkish), Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS) and Pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ). The clinical diagnosis tests are Active Straight Leg Rise, Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation Test, Long Dorsal Sacroiliac Ligament Palpation, Pelvic Compression, Pelvic Distraction, Patrick-Faber Test and Gaenslen Test.

Official Title
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Comparison of Sexual Function, Body Image, Kinesiophobia and Physical Activity Level in Women With and Without Pregnancy-related Pelvic Girdle Pain''

Conditions
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Pregnancy-Related Pelvic Girdle Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: clinical diagnostic test


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Being between 18 and 40 years-old, Being second or third trimester of pregnancy Being literate in Turkish Exclusion Criteria: Having a pregnancy complication (preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes, etc.), Having a known gynecological or urological problem that may mimic PGP Having neurological (multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, etc.), orthopedic (hip dislocation, etc.), cardiopulmonary (heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.) problems that affect sexual function and physical activity, Having situations in which sexual activity is contraindicated and should be restricted (placenta previa, risk of premature birth, cervical insufficiency, antepartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of membranes, genital infection, etc.), Having visual, auditory and cognitive problems that may prevent participation in the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| women with pelvic girdle pain<br>The subjects who have at least one positive result from Active Straight Leg Raise, and Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation Tests; and at least two positive results from the Pelvic Compression and Distraction, Patrick Faber, Gaenslen and Long Dorsal Sacroiliac Ligament Palpation tests are classified as with PGP group. | Diagnostic Test: clinical diagnostic test<br>* The clinical diagnosis tests are Active Straight Leg Rise ASLR, Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation, Long Dorsal Sacroiliac Ligament Palpation (LDSLP), Pelvic Compression, Pelvic Distraction, Patrick-Faber Test (PF), and Gaenslen Test (GT). The subjects who had at least one positive result from ASLR and P4 Tests; and at least two positive results from the Pelvic Compression and Distraction, PF, GT and LDSLP tests are classified as with PGP group.<br>|
| women without pelvic girdle pain<br>The subjects who have not at least one positive result from Active Straight Leg Raise, and Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation Tests; and at least two positive results from the Pelvic Compression and Distraction, Patrick Faber, Gaenslen and Long Dorsal Sacroiliac Ligament Palpation tests are classified as without PGP group. | Diagnostic Test: clinical diagnostic test<br>* The clinical diagnosis tests are Active Straight Leg Rise ASLR, Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation, Long Dorsal Sacroiliac Ligament Palpation (LDSLP), Pelvic Compression, Pelvic Distraction, Patrick-Faber Test (PF), and Gaenslen Test (GT). The subjects who had at least one positive result from ASLR and P4 Tests; and at least two positive results from the Pelvic Compression and Distraction, PF, GT and LDSLP tests are classified as with PGP group.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pregnancy Sexual Response Inventory-Turkish version | to assess sexual functions in pregnant women with and without PGP | immediately before the clinical diagnostic tests will be applied the questionnaire | 
| Body Image in Pregnancy Scale (BIPS-Turkish) | to evaluate body image perceptions of Turkish pregnant women with and without PGP | immediately before the clinical diagnostic tests will be applied the questionnaire | 
| Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-Turkish version | to evaluate level of kinesiophobia of Turkish pregnant women with and without PGP | immediately before the clinical diagnostic tests will be applied the questionnaire | 
| Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire-Turkish version | To evaluate the physical activity level of pregnant women with and without PGP | immediately before the clinical diagnostic tests will be applied the questionnaire | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire-Turkish version | To evaluate both disability and symptoms women with pregnancy-related PGP | immediately after the clinical diagnostic tests for PGP will be applied the questionnaire | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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pelvic girdle pain, sexual function, body image, fear of movement