Time Restricted Eating, Eating Behaviors, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Emerging Adult Women

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to assess how time restricted eating interventions impact eating behaviors, diet quality, and body composition in women ages 20-29 years. Participants will be asked to limit all food and drinks (except water and some non-caloric beverages) to a 10-hour period during the day for four weeks. Participants will follow their usual eating and activity patterns for one week before starting, and follow whatever eating pattern they want for 4 weeks after finishing.

Official Title
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Time Restricted Eating, Eating Behaviors, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Emerging Adult Women

Conditions
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Time Restricted Eating, Eating Behavior, Diet, Healthy, Nutrition, Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Time restricted eating


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Able to speak and read English Own a smartphone BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 Usual eating window ≥ 12 hours with the last eating occasion after 8pm on the majority of days Have at least a moderate baseline level of dietary restraint Exclusion Criteria: Shift workers Being pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant in the next 6 months Having a past or current eating disorder diagnosis Having a chronic medical condition (including diabetes, heart, kidney, or thyroid disease) or a condition that requires therapeutic diet or specified meal timing

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 29 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Time Restricted Eating<br>Participants will limit their eating (all food and caloric beverages) to an eating window of 10 hours per day for 4 weeks. The eating window must end by 8pm. Water and non-caloric beverages are allowed outside of the eating window. No other changes are required to the types or total amount of food eaten. | Behavioral: Time restricted eating<br>* Limit food intake to 10 hours per day as described in the experimental arm section.<br>* Other names: Meal timing;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Emotional Eating | Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire: Emotional Eating Subscale. This subscale is scored from 1-5, with higher scores indicating higher emotional eating. | 3 time points: baseline, end of 4-week intervention, end of 4-week follow up | 
| External Eating | Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire: External Eating Subscale. This subscale is scored from 1-5, with higher scores indicating higher external eating. | 3 time points: baseline, end of 4-week intervention, end of 4-week follow up | 
| Eating in the Absence of Hunger | Assessed through surveys sent 5x/day asking about if food was eaten and why. | Baseline week, weeks 1 and 4 of intervention, weeks 1 and 4 of follow up | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Diet Quality | Healthy Eating Index, calculated from 3-day food records. The Healthy Eating Index is scored from 0-100, with higher scores indicating higher diet quality. | 3 time points: baseline, end of 4-week intervention, end of 4-week follow up | 
| Body composition (total percent body fat) | Percent body fat measured by DXA | Baseline and end of 4-week intervention | 
| Body composition (visceral fat) | Visceral fat measured by DXA | Baseline and end of 4-week intervention | 
| Body weight | Total body weight | 3 time points: baseline, end of 4-week intervention, end of 4-week follow up |