The Effects of Logotherapy in Adolescents With Mood Disorders

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Logotherapy can help people find their meaning in life and help people reduce their suicidal ideation. Suicide was the second leading cause of death for 15-24 year-olds. Logotherapy can increase exploration of meaning in life for adolescents and prevent them from attempting suicide. However, most research only explored the effects of logotherapy on meaning in life and depression in adolescents with mood disorders. There is a lack of research to explore the effects of logotherapy on anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Therefore, this study will explore the effects of logotherapy on meaning in life, depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents with mood disorders. This study will carry on for two years and the sample will be recruited from the adolescents' outpatient clinic of psychiatric department in hospitals. The first and second year of the study will use a single-blind randomized controlled trial approach, the aim is to evaluate the short-term and longitudinal effects of logotherapy meaning in life, depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents with mood disorders, the sample will collect 120 adolescents with mood disorders, and will use four instruments for testing the logotherapy intervention. The four instruments are: (1) Purpose in life Test, (2) Beck Depression Inventory II, (3) Beck Anxiety Inventory, (4) Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Data will be analyzed using the Statistic Package for the Social Science. The result of this study will be applied to the mental health team in the clinical psychiatric department for taking care of patients, and help adolescents with mood disorders to find their meaning in life, further, to reduce their depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation.

Detailed Description
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Logotherapy can help people find their meaning in life and help people reduce their suicidal ideation. Suicide was the second leading cause of death for 15-24 year-olds. Logotherapy can increase exploration of meaning in life for adolescents and prevent them from attempting suicide. However, most research only explored the effects of logotherapy on meaning in life and depression in adolescents with mood disorders. There is a lack of research to explore the effects of logotherapy on anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Therefore, this study will explore the effects of logotherapy on meaning in life, depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents with mood disorders. This study will carry on for two years and the sample will be recruited from the adolescents' outpatient clinic of psychiatric department in hospitals. The first and second year of the study will use a single-blind randomized controlled trial approach, the aim is to evaluate the short-term and longitudinal effects of logotherapy meaning in life, depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents with mood disorders, the sample will collect 120 adolescents with mood disorders, and will use four instruments for testing the logotherapy intervention. The four instruments are: (1) Purpose in life Test, (2) Beck Depression Inventory II, (3) Beck Anxiety Inventory, (4) Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Data will be analyzed using the Statistic Package for the Social Science. The research process includes: Participant acceptance and signing consent: Referral by doctors from Chang Gung Hospitals and National Taiwan University Hospitals. Full-time research assistants will explain the purpose of the research, the research process, the confidentiality of data processing, and allow the individual to freely decide whether to participate without being forced, obtaining a signed consent form. Those who are under twenty-years-old will also obtain the consent of the legal representative. Pre-test: data collectors blinded single-blind study, the work-students who did not participate in the intervention measures will collect the patient's basic data sheet and four scales. Random assignment: The psychologist (co-host) randomly assigns the cases to the experimental group or the control group, and assigns the groups by means of a computer-generated random assignment table. Intervention: The experimental group received 6 interventions of logotherapy given by a full-time assistant, while the control group received routine outpatient treatment of general adolescent psychiatry. Posttest: Both the experimental group and the control group will collect the same four scales three times by the work-study students. The result of this study will be applied to the mental health team in the clinical psychiatric department for taking care of patients, and help adolescents with mood disorders to find their meaning in life, further, to reduce their depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation.

Official Title
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The Effects of Logotherapy on Meaning in Life, Depression, Anxiety and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents With Mood Disorders

Conditions
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Mood Disorder of Depressed Type

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: logotherapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with mood disorders (such as depression, bipolar disorder) diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9) score 5-19 points (indicating mild depression to moderate to severe depression) Agree to participate in logotherapy Able to participate in logotherapy Exclusion Criteria: Patients with severe emotional disorders who cannot participate in logotherapy. Those who have severe psychopathological phenomena and cannot judge reality or those who are mentally deficient. Those who have serious suicidal ideation or clear suicide plan are not suitable for interview

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 24 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Logotherapy<br>3 months of logotherapy intervention by interviewing with the participant, once every two weeks, about 1-2 hours each time, a total of 6 times of logotherapy. | Other: logotherapy<br>* The logotherapy is carried out in an individual way in this study. The full-time assistant will give the experimental group 3 months of logotherapy intervention by interviewing with the participant, once every two weeks, about 1-2 hours each time, a total of 6 times of logotherapy to guide the participant to find the meaning of his life and value.The location is mainly in the hospital when the participant has to return for consultation, or at the participant's home.<br>|
| No Intervention: Routine psychiatric outpatient treatment<br>Will not provide any logotherapy. Just routine psychiatric outpatient treatment. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Purpose in life Test-1 | There are 20 items in this scale, which are divided into four dimensions: quality of life, value of life, purpose of life, and freedom of life. Each question is scored on a scale of 1-5, and the total score ranges from 20-100, with higher scores representing a higher sense of meaning in life. | pre-test (before intervention) | 
| Purpose in life Test-2 | There are 20 items in this scale, which are divided into four dimensions: quality of life, value of life, purpose of life, and freedom of life. Each question is scored on a scale of 1-5, and the total score ranges from 20-100, with higher scores representing a higher sense of meaning in life. | post-test 1 (the week after the intervention) | 
| Purpose in life Test-3 | There are 20 items in this scale, which are divided into four dimensions: quality of life, value of life, purpose of life, and freedom of life. Each question is scored on a scale of 1-5, and the total score ranges from 20-100, with higher scores representing a higher sense of meaning in life. | post-test 2 (three months after the intervention) | 
| Purpose in life Test-4 | There are 20 items in this scale, which are divided into four dimensions: quality of life, value of life, purpose of life, and freedom of life. Each question is scored on a scale of 1-5, and the total score ranges from 20-100, with higher scores representing a higher sense of meaning in life. | post-test 3 (nine months after the intervention) | 
| Beck Depression Inventory II-1 | This scale has a total of 21 items. Each item is scored from 0-3 points, and the total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of depression. | pre-test (before intervention) | 
| Beck Depression Inventory II-2 | This scale has a total of 21 items. Each item is scored from 0-3 points, and the total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of depression. | post-test 1 (the week after the intervention) | 
| Beck Depression Inventory II-3 | This scale has a total of 21 items. Each item is scored from 0-3 points, and the total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of depression. | post-test 2 (three months after the intervention) | 
| Beck Depression Inventory II-4 | This scale has a total of 21 items. Each item is scored from 0-3 points, and the total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of depression. | post-test 3 (nine months after the intervention) | 
| Beck Anxiety Inventory-1 | This scale contains 21 items and each item is scored from 0-3 points. The total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of anxiety. | pre-test (before intervention) | 
| Beck Anxiety Inventory-2 | This scale contains 21 items and each item is scored from 0-3 points. The total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of anxiety. | post-test 1 (the week after the intervention) | 
| Beck Anxiety Inventory-3 | This scale contains 21 items and each item is scored from 0-3 points. The total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of anxiety. | post-test 2 (three months after the intervention) | 
| Beck Anxiety Inventory-4 | This scale contains 21 items and each item is scored from 0-3 points. The total score ranges from 0-63 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of anxiety. | post-test 3 (nine months after the intervention) | 
| Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-1 | This scale contains 21 items. The first 19 items mainly measure the severity of the individual's attitudes, behaviors, and plans for suicide in the past week. Each question is calculated on a scale of 0-2, and the total score ranges from 0-38, with higher scores indicating stronger suicidal ideation. The last two questions, which are not counted, ask about the number of previous suicide attempts and the severity of the intention of the last suicide attempt. | pre-test (before intervention) | 
| Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-2 | This scale contains 21 items. The first 19 items mainly measure the severity of the individual's attitudes, behaviors, and plans for suicide in the past week. Each question is calculated on a scale of 0-2, and the total score ranges from 0-38, with higher scores indicating stronger suicidal ideation. The last two questions, which are not counted, ask about the number of previous suicide attempts and the severity of the intention of the last suicide attempt. | post-test 1 (the week after the intervention) | 
| Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-3 | This scale contains 21 items. The first 19 items mainly measure the severity of the individual's attitudes, behaviors, and plans for suicide in the past week. Each question is calculated on a scale of 0-2, and the total score ranges from 0-38, with higher scores indicating stronger suicidal ideation. The last two questions, which are not counted, ask about the number of previous suicide attempts and the severity of the intention of the last suicide attempt. | post-test 2 (three months after the intervention) | 
| Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-4 | This scale contains 21 items. The first 19 items mainly measure the severity of the individual's attitudes, behaviors, and plans for suicide in the past week. Each question is calculated on a scale of 0-2, and the total score ranges from 0-38, with higher scores indicating stronger suicidal ideation. The last two questions, which are not counted, ask about the number of previous suicide attempts and the severity of the intention of the last suicide attempt. | post-test 3 (nine months after the intervention) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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depression, logotherapy, anxiety, suicidal ideation, adolescent