HIIT Effects on Cardiometabolic Health

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The primary aim of this randomized clinical trial is to compare the effects of three different HIIT protocols and a control group on cardiometabolic health in young adults with obesity. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the following three groups, with each having varying work-to-rest ratios: 1) HIIT-A, 2) HIIT-B, 3) HIIT-C, and 4) control group. HIIT-A, HIIT-B, and HIIT-C groups will participate in six sessions of a running based HIIT program over a 2-week training period. Pre-clinical markers of cardiovascular disease, blood lipids and fasting glucose will be measured at the following three time points: baseline, post-intervention, and 2 weeks after the training cessation (i.e., measure for detraining effect). All measurements will be performed three days before the training program and three days after the intervention to avoid the effect of the last training session. Afterwards, the detraining test will be measured 2 weeks post intervention.

Detailed Description
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Introduction: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared with other traditional exercise regimens has shown to be effective in improving cardiometabolic health (as measured by lipids, blood pressure [BP], insulin sensitivity, pulse wave velocity) in overweight and obese adults. By knowing which HIIT protocol is more efficacious in improving markers of cardiometabolic disease, exercise physiologists, researchers and clinicians can properly prescribe exercise medicine to obese young adults and possibly prevent disease progression. Therefore, the primary aim of the present research is to compare the effects of 3 different HIIT protocols compared with a control group on cardiometabolic health improvement in young adults with obesity. Participants: Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the following three groups : 1) HIIT-A (5:25 s; 1:5 ratio), 2) HIIT-B (10:50 s; 1:5 ratio), 3) HIIT-C (20:100 s; 1:5 ratio), and 4) control group. HIIT-A, HIIT-B, and HIIT-C groups will participate in six sessions of running-based HIIT programs over a 2-week training period. The variables will be measured at the following three time points: baseline, post-intervention, and 2 weeks after the TC (i.e., measure for detraining effect). High-Intensity Interval Training (six sessions over 2 weeks): Heart rate will be recorded - while performing a sprint running based on the wood court. The HIIT intensity will be set at 90% of the fastest baseline with 40 repetitions of 5-seconds work time, 20 repetitions of 10-seconds work time, or 10 repetitions of 20-seconds work time. All participants will perform one bout of sprint running for 5-, 10-, or 20- seconds followed by 25-second, 50-second, or 100-seconds resting. The supervisor will verbally encourage the running to inspire the sprint at all-out intensity. Note that a total of 200-seconds workout time is required per session.

Official Title
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Detraining Effect of Short-term HIIT on Cardiometabolic Risk in Young Adults With Obesity

Conditions
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Obesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, Metabolic Disease, High-intensity Interval Training

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: high-intensity interval training intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Young adults with obesity (Age 18 to 25 years old, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Exclusion Criteria: Syndromic obesity; 1) Any clinical symptoms including cognitive delay, 2) abnormalities in body structure(s), 3) organ-specific abnormalities (kidney, liver failure, excessive eating, and/or other signs of hypothalamic dysfunction such as fatigue, weakness and/or lack of interest in activities. Taking weight loss medication(s) Currently enrolled (or within previous 6 months) in a weight loss program; An underlying disease/medications (steroids, second generation psychotropic agents, hormonal contraception, statins, antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications) that could influence carbohydrate or lipid metabolism. Presence of cardiac pacemaker. Current or anticipated participation in another research that would interfere with any of the outcomes. Current or anticipated pregnancy.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 25 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 5s HIIT<br>5s HIIT group will perform one bout of sprint running for 5-seconds followed by 25-second, resting of total 40 repetition. | Other: high-intensity interval training intervention<br>* Intervention groups include 3 arms with 3 different HIIT protocols to identify optimal exercise regimen for improving cardiometabolic health in young adults with obesity.<br>|
| Experimental: 10s HIIT<br>10s HIIT group will perform one bout of sprint running for 10-seconds followed by 50-second, resting of total 20 repetition. | Other: high-intensity interval training intervention<br>* Intervention groups include 3 arms with 3 different HIIT protocols to identify optimal exercise regimen for improving cardiometabolic health in young adults with obesity.<br>|
| Experimental: 20s HIIT<br>20s HIIT group will perform one bout of sprint running for 20-seconds followed by 100-second, resting of total 10 repetition. | Other: high-intensity interval training intervention<br>* Intervention groups include 3 arms with 3 different HIIT protocols to identify optimal exercise regimen for improving cardiometabolic health in young adults with obesity.<br>|
| Experimental: Control<br>Control group | Other: high-intensity interval training intervention<br>* Intervention groups include 3 arms with 3 different HIIT protocols to identify optimal exercise regimen for improving cardiometabolic health in young adults with obesity.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Height | Height (cm) | Baseline | 
| Weight | Weight (kg); Change from Baseline weight at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Body mass index | Body mass index (kg/m2); Change from Baseline BMI at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Percentage body fat | Percentage body fat (kg); Change from Baseline percentage body fat at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Fat mass | Fat mass (kg); Change from Baseline fat mass at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Lean mass | Lean mass (kg); Change from Baseline lean mass at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Systolic blood pressure | Systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg); Change from Baseline SBP at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Diastolic blood pressure | Diastolic blood pressure (DBP, mmHg); Change from Baseline DBP at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Mean arterial pressure | Mean blood pressure (MAP, mmHg); Change from Baseline MAP at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Flow-mediated dilation | Flow-mediated dilation (FMD, mm); Change from Baseline FMD at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (cPWV) | cPWV (m/s); Change from Baseline cPWV at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Total cholesterol | Total cholesterol (mg/dl); Change from Baseline TC at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| LDL-C | LDL-C (mg/dl); Change from Baseline LDL-C at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| HDL-C | HDL-C (mg/dl); Change from Baseline HDL-C at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Triglycerides | Triglycerides (TG, mg/dl); Change from Baseline TG at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 
| Glucose | Glucose (mg/dl); Change from Baseline glucose at 2 week and 4 week | Baseline, post test (2 weeks of intervention), training cessation (2 weeks of detraining) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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HIIT, Detraining effects, Cardiometabolic disease, Obesity, Young adults