Vascular Adaptations to Single-Sprint Training

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The long-term objective of this research line is to identify and implement an effective and feasible intervention capable of preventing and/or reducing the burden of cardiometabolic and obesity-related diseases that affect Mississippians and others. The pursuit of this long-term objective will begin with achieving the specific aims proposed in this pilot project, which are to determine the effect of single sprint training for improving (1) systemic macro-vascular function, (2) local and systemic micro-vascular function, and (3) cardiorespiratory fitness. These aims will be achieved using a randomized controlled trial whereby 40 males and females will be randomized into an intervention group (n=20) or time-matched negative control group (n=20). The intervention group will perform a single maximal effort sprint on a cycle ergometer for twenty seconds 3 days/week for 4 weeks and the control group will be asked to maintain pre-intervention habits/behavior over 4 weeks. All outcome measures are non-invasive, and will be assessed pre-, mid-, and post-intervention, with the exception of cardiorespiratory fitness, which will be measured pre- and post-. To achieve aim 1, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation via ultrasonography and systolic and diastolic blood pressure via automated oscillometry will be measured on the arm. To achieve aim 2, post-occlusive reactive hyperemia via near-infrared spectroscopy and reactive hyperemia via ultrasound will be measured in the arm and leg, respectively. To achieve aim 3, pulmonary gas exchange will be measured during a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. All outcomes will be compared across time between conditions and sex with a three-way Bayesian Repeated Measures ANOVA using pre-values as covariates and an uninformed prior. 95% credible intervals will also be calculated to power future investigations using this intervention. If the intervention is found effective, future studies will be conducted to determine the efficacy of the intervention in larger groups and more clinical populations, and to determine the mechanisms mediating the adaptations. If ineffective, the knowledge gained will be used to develop future interventions.

Official Title
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Vascular Adaptations to Single-Sprint Training

Conditions
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Cardiovascular System

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Single-Sprint Training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 18-35 years Untrained (no regular exercise engagement for the previous 6 months) Healthy enough to begin exercise (assessed via Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire) Exclusion Criteria: Illness/injury preventing cycling exercise Prescribed medication to control heart rate Prescribed medication to control blood pressure Use of nicotine within the previous 6 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Intervention group and negative control group
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention<br>The intervention group will perform a single maximal effort sprint on a cycle ergometer for twenty seconds 3 days/week for 4 weeks. | Behavioral: Single-Sprint Training<br>* A single maximal effort sprint on a cycle ergometer for twenty seconds 3 days/week for 4 weeks<br>|
| No Intervention: Time-Matched Control<br>The control group will be asked to maintain pre-intervention habits/behavior over 4 weeks. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline systemic macrovascular function at 2 weeks and 4 weeks | Systemic macrovascular changes will be quantified by measuring 1) brachial artery flow-mediated dilation via vascular ultrasound, and 2) resting brachial blood pressure via a standard automated blood pressure cuff. | week 0, week 2, and week 4 | 
| Change from baseline local and systemic microvascular function at 2 weeks and 4 weeks | Systemic changes in microvascular endothelial function will be quantified by using the post-occlusive reactive hyperemia technique in the arm. Local microvascular function will be measured using the passive leg movement technique for reactive hyperemia and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in the leg. | week 0, week 2, and week 4 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline maximal oxygen consumption at 2 weeks and 4 weeks | To assess changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, pulmonary gas exchange data will be collected during a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. VO2max and ventilation thresholds will be reported in accordance with current guidelines. | week 0, week 2, and week 4 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Vascular, Cardiorespiratory Fitness