The Effect of Eye Exercises in Individuals With Eye Refractive Defects

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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According to the World Health Organization's statement published in 2014, 43% of visual impairment is overhauled by uncorrected refractive errors. The change of body and angle of light waves while undergoing changes in the environment due to the temperature difference between the environments is called refraction. The refractive errors found in the eye can be discovered as myopia, astigmatism, hyperopia, and presbyopia. As there are different prevalence methods in eye refractive errors in various publications. According to many studies in the literature, eye exercises in many conditions such as convergence collapse, accommodation dysfunction, movement center of the eye, digital eye strain and dry eye are curative and therapeutic without any control. With eye exercises, blood is applied to the ocular region, the humor is stimulated, the tension of the extraocular muscles is reduced, the coordination between the eye muscles is increased, the eye fatigue and stress are reduced. Depending on the effects of these effects, positive changes are seen on vision tests. Although there is a different view in the literature that includes these eye exercises and their benefits, it has been found to be insufficient in current studies. More work needs to be done in this area so that these results can be stated better and more clearly. With this study, investigators aim to shed light on what can be done in this field by filling these residents in the literature and to examine the visual function and quality of life of eye exercises.

Official Title
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The Effect of Eye Exercises Applied on Individuals With Eye Refractive Defects on Visual Function and Quality of Life

Conditions
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Individuals With Eye Refraction Defects

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Eye exercises


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: be between the ages of 18-65, Having any refractive or visual impairment (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism) by an ophthalmologist, not have other eye problems in addition to these vision defects, to score at least 24 on the Standardized Mini Mental Test. Exclusion Criteria: having undergone any eye surgery (including laser operations), have a prosthetic eye have congenital vision loss, have any disease that will affect the eyesight. Individuals meeting these criteria will not be included in the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control Group<br>any exercise program will not be applied and will only be followed. | |
| Experimental: Experimental Group<br>eye exercise program will be applied. | Other: Eye exercises<br>* The treatment will be applied in three sessions a week for eight weeks and each session will be approximately 20 minutes. Individuals will do each exercise shown at home as a home program on other days (days when the physiotherapist does not perform the exercise by video call).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Nottingham Health profile | This questionnaire assesses the perception of health-related quality of life. The total score is between 0-600. A high score is an indication of a bad outcome. | baseline, after 8 weeks | 
| National Institute of Ophthalmology Visual Function Scale | Used to measure vision-related quality of life in patients with chronic eye disease. Overall scores ranged from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. | baseline, after 8 weeks | 
| Standardized Mini-Mental Test | It is a scale that determines the cognitive level of the participants. It consists of eleven questions and is evaluated over 30 points. 24-30 points are normal, 18-23 points mild dementia, 10-17 points dementia, 10 points and below are compatible with severe dementia. | baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Ocular Refraction, Eye, Exercise, Life Quality, Ocular vision