Objective Characterizatoion of Repetitive Behaviors

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Introduction: Repetitive behaviors (RB) constitute a broad range of symptoms across different psychiatric/neurologic disorders. The most famous are stereotypies (found in autism), compulsions (found in obsessive-compulsive-disorder, OCD) and tics (found in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, GTS). For some patients, it is sometime difficult to distinguish the nature of the repetitive behaviors presented, however this distinction is crucial in order to chose the appropriate treatment. Aim: In our study, the investigators will try to define electrophysiological and accelerometric marker of both OCD and tics to allow objective distinction between both tics and compulsions. Method: Subjects: Both OCD and GTS patients will be recruited, 25 patients in each group. Protocol: our study protocol will involve two step: a step in laboratory, another step at patient home. first step: both patients group will be recorded through a high density EEG and a portative EEG while doing a task of symptom provocation. Then they will get an anatomical MRI for source recontruction. Finally, the patients will have to mimic their symptom while wearing an accelerometer (a smartwatch). second step: both patient groups will be recorded at home through a portative EEG while tagging their symptom through a smartwatch (also used for accelerometry). After the recording, the patients will keep the smartwatch for 2 weeks, still tagging their sympoms (compulsions or tics).

Official Title
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Actimetric and Electrophysiological Analyses of Repetitive Behaviors (Tics and Compulsions)

Conditions
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OCD, Tic Disorders, Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: EEG
* Device: MRI


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: To be more of 15 years old or less than 65 years old To suffer from OCD and/or GTS (depressive, anxious and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidities are accepted) To be registered to the french social security (or something equivalent) To give written consent to participate to the research To have contraception for women participants (or to not have any sexual activity) Exclusion Criteria: Patients with any other psychiatric disorders than those mentioned in the inclusion criteria Patients with any other neurological disorder than GTS Patients who are not able to take decisions for themselves Pregnant women Patients not allowed to get MRI due to contraindication Patients not speaking french

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: GTS group<br>This arm will be studied to get some electrophysiological marker of tics. The patients will be their own control (periods with symptoms vs. free symptoms periods). | Device: EEG<br>* Recording, from the scalp, the electrophysiological activity of the brain.<br>* Other names: Electroencephalogram;Device: MRI<br>* Get the anatomical shape of the brain.<br>* Other names: magnetic resonance imaging;|
| Experimental: OCD group<br>This arm will be studied to get some electrophysiological marker of compulsions. The patients will be their own control (periods with symptoms vs. free symptoms periods). | Device: EEG<br>* Recording, from the scalp, the electrophysiological activity of the brain.<br>* Other names: Electroencephalogram;Device: MRI<br>* Get the anatomical shape of the brain.<br>* Other names: magnetic resonance imaging;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| modification of power (μV2) in EEG frequencies before compulsions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder patients | change in the power EEG frequencies in OCD patients before compulsions EEG frequencies come to 0 to 250 Hz, the power is the amplitude of oscillations | one year | 
| modification of power (μV2) in EEG frequencies before tics in Gilles de la Tourette patients | change in the power of EEG frequencies in GTS patients before tics EEG frequencies come to 0 to 250 Hz, the power is the amplitude of oscillations | one year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Difference in power (μV2) in EEG frequencies between obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and Gilles de la Tourette patients | Difference in the power in the EEG frequencies between obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and Gilles de la Tourette patients EEG frequencies come to 0 to 250 Hz, the power is the amplitude of oscillations | One year and a half | 
| percentage (%) of compulsions and tics detected by accelerometer | percentage of compulsions and tics detected by accelerometer | One year and a half | 
| Correlation of EEG frequency power (arbitrary units) detected before compulsions and scores get with clinical scales (Y-BOCS) | Correlation between power in EEG frequencies and Y-BOCS score get by each individual patients Y-BOCS = Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale; Scores range from 0 to 40 with 40 corresponding to the maximum severity of symptoms | One year and a half | 
| Correlation between number of compulsions detected by accelerometer and Y-BOCS scores get by obsessive-compulsive patients | Correlation between number of compulsions detected by accelerometer and Y-BOCS scores get by obsessive-compulsive patients Y-BOCS = Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale; Scores range from 0 to 40 with 40 corresponding to the maximum severity of symptoms | One year and a half | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Electrophysiology, Electroencephalogram, EEG, Accelerometer, Biomarker, Symptom provocation