Effect of MetS* on Cognitive Performance and Physical Activity (Metabolic Syndrome)

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors that are linked with each other, which is a metabolic dysfunction, which contains a combination of multiple. It is known that METS plays a role in the development of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke, cancer, Alzheimer's. Studies have revealed that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, abnormal lipid metabolism and impaired vascularization, which play a role in the pathogenesis of MetS, affect the structure of the brain and cognition. Atherosclerosis of the carotid artery, increased brain atrophy and white matter damage are potential explanatory mechanisms that lead to an impact on cognitive skills in patients with MetS. In addition, the existence of MetS components such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension alone also negatively affects cognitive functions, and the level of cognitive influence also increases as the number of components an individual has increases. The literature reports that learning, executive functions, processing speed, attention/working memory and global cognitive functions are affected in individuals with MetS, but no consensus has been reached on this issue. Some studies say that MetS causes a significant decrease in cognitive functions, while some studies indicate that this difference is not significant. The aim of our study is to proof the relationship between MetS and cognitive functions with metabolic syndrome components. H1:There is a relationship between the MetS and cognitive functions.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Voluntary participants who have been diagnosed with MetS and agreed to voluntary health subjects will be included in the study. Signed voluntary consent will be obtained from participants. Participants will be divided into two groups. There will be individuals diagnosed with MetS in the intervention group and healthy individuals who do not have any problems in the control group.

Official Title
-----------------
The Effects of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components on Cognitive Performance and Physical Activity Level in Middle-age Individuals

Conditions
-----------------
Metabolic Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: assessment of cognitive performance


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: being between the ages of 18-50 Having been educated for at least 5 years and know how to read and write Having been diagnosed with MetS by meeting 3 of the NCEP-ATP III criteria (for participants in the MetS Group) To have a biochemistry test performed within the last 6 months (for the Healthy Group) Not having any MetS components (For the Healthy Group) Exclusion Criteria: Having any neurological, psychiatric and psychological diseases that may affect cognitive status Taking antipsychiatric medication The presence of any visual-auditory intellectual disability Having undergone bariatric surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| MetS Group<br>it consists of volunteer participants diagnosed with MetS between the ages of 18 and 50. All assessments will be applied to the participants by two different researchers at the same time. | Other: assessment of cognitive performance<br>* evaluation of the cognitive and physical performance of the participants by two separate researchers at the same time<br>* Other names: assessment of physical performance;|
| Control Group<br>it will consist of healthy individuals aged 18-50 who do not have any health problems and have volunteered to participate in the study who have undergone a health check within the last 6 months. | Other: assessment of cognitive performance<br>* evaluation of the cognitive and physical performance of the participants by two separate researchers at the same time<br>* Other names: assessment of physical performance;|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome-waist circumference | Waist Circumference measurement will be recorded with a tape measure in the middle between the last palpable rib and the upper edge of the iliac crest. | once, at baseline | 
| Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome-blood pressure | Omron digital blood pressure monitor will be used to measure systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Participants will be asked to rest for 5 minutes before the measurement. | once, at baseline | 
| Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome-triglyceride | Triglyceride, HDL-C and fasting plasma levels and biochemistry laboratory findings of individuals will be evaluated. Before the analysis, 8-12 hours of fasting is required so that it does not affect the test results. | once, at baseline | 
| Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome-HDL-C | Triglyceride, HDL-C and fasting plasma levels and biochemistry laboratory findings of individuals will be evaluated. Before the analysis, 8-12 hours of fasting is required so that it does not affect the test results. | once, at baseline | 
| Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome-fasting plasma level | Triglyceride, HDL-C and fasting plasma levels and biochemistry laboratory findings of individuals will be evaluated. Before the analysis, 8-12 hours of fasting is required so that it does not affect the test results. | once, at baseline | 
| Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score | This scoring creates a z-score by considering factors such as age, race, gender, and metabolic syndrome components values. There is a website that automatically calculates the z-score when these data are entered. (https://metscalc.org/metscalc/) | once, at baseline | 
| Monreal Cognitive Assessment | This scale consists of parts that evaluate executive functions, attention and concentration, memory, language, abstract thinking, visual-spatial skills, orientation and calculation. The application of MoCA takes about 10 minutes and the total score of the scale is calculated over 30 points. The threshold point value is 21. Scores of 20 or less are considered cognitive dysfunction. | once, at baseline | 
| Stroop Test TBAG Form | a neuropsychological test that measures focused attention and the speed of information processing | once, at baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mini Mental State Examination | it is a test consisting of 11 questions that evaluate different cognitive parameters, including recording memory, attention and calculation, recall and language, motor function and perception. The maximum score that can be taken from the test is 30 and there is no time limit. In scoring, 24-30 points are normal, 23 points and below indicate mild cognitive impairment. | once, at baseline | 
| Visual Reaction Test | the participant sees a red circle appearing on a white screen on the computer at variable time intervals and should press the December key of the computer quickly as soon as he sees the circle. | once, at baseline | 
| International Physical Activity Questionnare Short-Form | taking into account the last week, the time spent on walking, moderate and vigorous activities is questioned. | once, at baseline | 
| pedometer | A valid and reliable method for comparing the participants' weekly step counts and determining their physical activity levels | once, at baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Cognitive Function, Physical Performance, Adults, Chronic Disease