Using Transcriptional Assessment of Immune Response to Assess Immunosuppression After Liver Transplantation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To develop a prospective quantitative liver allograft monitoring protocol and retrospectively validate the use of Phenotypic personalized medicine (PPM) in immunosuppression dosing in liver transplant recipients.

Detailed Description
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The investigators have developed a computational approach, Phenotypic Personalized Medicine (PPM), to utilize empiric clinical data to construct patient-specific visual maps that represent each individual's phenotypic response to drug treatment. Because this process does not require a priori knowledge of disease mechanism, it can effectively personalize drug dosing for any disease despite frequent changes to treatment regimens or patient physiology and genetics. In a pilot randomized controlled trial and its follow-up larger trial, the investigators have shown that transplant patients prospectively dosed with PPM-determined tacrolimus doses had improved drug trough-level management compared with standard of care physician-determined tacrolimus doses. The ultimate objective in this project is to improve graft and patient outcomes in solid organ transplant recipients by using PPM to optimize immunosuppression dosing. The investigators hypothesize that existing and clinically validated quantifiable markers of immune state and allograft injury are clinically useful measures that can be employed with PPM as actionable analytical inputs for a dynamic optimization of patient-specific immunosuppression. The investigators will test this hypothesis by developing a prospective quantitative liver allograft monitoring protocol and validate the use of PPM in immunosuppression dosing in liver transplant recipients. This study constitutes the first step in developing and then validating a personalized immunosuppression platform. The mechanism-independent nature of PPM ensures that it will be adaptive and actionable so that it can be applied to diverse sets of patients. The scalability of PPM also ensures that it can be deployed at a scale that can be applied widely to patients receiving care regardless of location.

Official Title
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Using Transcriptional Assessment of Immune Response to Assess Immunosuppression After Liver Transplantation

Conditions
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Transplant Complication

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: At least 18 years of age At least one-month post-transplant Recipient of a liver transplant alone or a simultaneous liver-kidney transplant Exclusion Criteria: Unwilling to provide informed consent Recipient of a previous bone marrow or stem cell transplant Pregnant Unlikely to be able to comply with the study requirements, as determined by the PI

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Liver Transplant Group<br>Patients <1 month post-surgery for liver transplant only. | |
| Liver-Kidney Transplant Group<br>Patients <1 month post-surgery for simultaneous kidney-liver transplant only. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Episodes of rejection | Patients will be followed for six months after transplantation according to standard of care. Episodes of biopsy proven rejection will be counted. | 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Episodes of infection | Patients will be followed for six months after transplantation according to standard of care. Episodes of culture positive infection will be counted. | 6 months |