Antistaphylococcal Betalactam and Emergence of Resistance

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Antistaphylococcal penicillins are recommanded as first-line agent in methicillin-suceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Several studies in progress are investigating the efficacy and safety of cefazolin compared with antistaphylococcal penicillins. Cefazolin has broader spectrum than antistaphylococcal penicillins. The hypothesis of this project is that cefazoline could be responsible for a higher rate of bacterial resistance. The aim is to study the association between the emergence of bacterial resistance and the consumption of cefazolin and antistaphylococcal penicillins.

Official Title
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Impact of Antistaphylococcal Penicillins and Cefazolin on the Emergence of Resistance in French Hospitals

Conditions
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Bacterial Resistance, Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus Infection

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: French hospitals which have collected their consumption and resistance data on the French national database named CONSORES (From 2019 to 2022) Exclusion Criteria: None
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Association between the cefazolin/antistaphylococcal penicillins consumptions and the resistant bacteria emergence | The total consumption of antibiotics (expressed as number of Defined Daily Doses (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day) will be correlate with the resistant bacteria emergence (only incidence for each bacterial strain) | Between the first january 2018 and the 31st december 2022 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Factors associated with the emergence of resistant bacteria | Factors associated with the emergence of resistant bacteria will be described by a Cox model: hospital size (number of beds), location in France, activities (intensive care, surgery, etc.), type of antibiotics and intensity of consumption expressed in number of defined daily doses (DDD). | Between the first january 2018 and the 31st december 2022 | 
| Factors associated with the consumption of antibiotics | Factors associated with the emergence of resistant bacteria will be described by a Cox model: hospital size (number of beds), location in France, activities (intensive care, surgery, etc.) and type of bacterial strain indentified (resistant or not). | Between the first january 2018 and the 31st december 2022 | 
| Evolution of resistance in French hospitals | For each year, bacterial resistance will be described, in France and in each hospital, in the form of a quantitative variable: number of resistant bacterial strains isolated for each year (number of resistant strains / total number of strains). | Between the first january 2018 and the 31st december 2022 | 
| Evolution of antibiotics consumption in French hospitals | For each year, antibiotic consumption will be described, in France and in each hospital, in the form of a quantitative variable (expressed as number of Defined Daily Doses (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day) | Between the first january 2018 and the 31st december 2022 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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cefazolin, antistaphylococcal penicillins, Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus Infection, Bacterial Resistance