The Effect of Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Program on Awareness Levels and Child Abuse Potential of Pregnant Women

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Program (CANPP) based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) on the awareness levels and child abuse potential of pregnant women. This randomized controlled study was conducted between July and December 2022 in a family health center of Aydin/Turkey with the participation a total of 30 pregnant women, who were then distributed into two groups as 15 experiment group and 15 control group pregnant women.The participants in the experiment group were applied SCT-based CANPP whereas no intervention was applied to the control group. Research data were collected before the intervention, one month after the intervention, and three months after the intervention using the Pregnant Data Collection Form, Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents (CNAASP) and Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAPI). Chi-Square and Fisher exact tests, independent groups t-test and repeated measures ANOVA test were used in the statistical analysis of the research data.

Official Title
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The Effect of Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Program on Awareness Levels and Child Abuse Potential of Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Study

Conditions
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Child Abuse

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women who agree to participate in the study are 18 years of age or older who can read and understand Turkish who have either a smart phone or a computer are between 28+0 and 33+0 weeks of pregnancy Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with high risk pregnancy who have visual or auditory problems who have been diagnosed with mental disorders.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experiment Group<br>The participants in the experiment group were first administered the pre-test and then CANPP. A Child abuse and neglect Training Booklet was sent to the participants after the pre-test and before the program. Trainings within the scope of CANPP were provided over the Google Meet application in four sessions. A link was sent to the pregnant women via WhatsApp just before the specified training hours so that they could participate in the online training which is carried out individually. | Behavioral: Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Program<br>* The Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Program was then revised in line with the opinions and suggestions of the experts. Power-point presentations and training booklet prepared for the final form of this program have been prepared in such a way that the content is exactly the same. Training booklet was distributed to the experiment group after the pre-test and to the control group after the re-test. This booklet is designed as a resource that participants can refer to whenever they need it. Trainings were provided online through the Google Meet application, in a total of four sessions with an average of 30 minutes per session. The contents of the trainings are child neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse, respectively. Four different power-point presentations, addressing these sub-dimensions, were prepared for training purposes.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Participants in control group does not receive intervention. They were then applied CANPP and were given the training booklet after the finalization the program. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents | Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents is a 5-point Likert-type scale (1-strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree) and consisting of 45 items in total. The scale has 5 sub-dimensions namely General Information (12 items), Physical Abuse (6 items), Emotional Abuse (15 items), Sexual Abuse (8 items), Neglect (4 items). By adding all sub-dimensions, the Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents total score is calculated. The higher this total score, the higher the awareness of child abuse and neglect. | one month after the intervention | 
| Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents | Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents is a 5-point Likert-type scale (1-strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree) and consisting of 45 items in total. The scale has 5 sub-dimensions namely General Information (12 items), Physical Abuse (6 items), Emotional Abuse (15 items), Sexual Abuse (8 items), Neglect (4 items). By adding all sub-dimensions, the Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale for Parents total score is calculated. The higher this total score, the higher the awareness of child abuse and neglect. | three months after the intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Child Abuse Potential Inventory | Child Abuse Potential Inventory used in this study was first developed in 1979 to determine the child abuse potential of adults towards children. Main scale of Child Abuse Potential Inventory is the abuse scale (77 items) which measures the child abuse potential of the respondent. Remaining 6 scales (Stress scale, Unhappiness scale, Problems Related to Child and Self scale, Family-Related Problems and Problems Related to Others Scale measure factors related to abuse. Three scales, namely Lie Scale, Random Response Scale and Inconsistency Scale were designed to assess the validity of responses. This study is based on the Child Abuse Potential Inventory 'Abuse Scale'. The cut-off point for abuse scale is 215, but above 166 is considered dangerous. High scores in abuse scale indicate that the respondent has a high potential for child abuse. | one month after the intervention | 
| Child Abuse Potential Inventory | Child Abuse Potential Inventory used in this study was first developed in 1979 to determine the child abuse potential of adults towards children. Main scale of Child Abuse Potential Inventory is the abuse scale (77 items) which measures the child abuse potential of the respondent. Remaining 6 scales (Stress scale, Unhappiness scale, Problems Related to Child and Self scale, Family-Related Problems and Problems Related to Others Scale measure factors related to abuse. Three scales, namely Lie Scale, Random Response Scale and Inconsistency Scale were designed to assess the validity of responses. This study is based on the Child Abuse Potential Inventory 'Abuse Scale'. The cut-off point for abuse scale is 215, but above 166 is considered dangerous. High scores in abuse scale indicate that the respondent has a high potential for child abuse. | three month after the intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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child abuse, awareness, pregnant, nurse