Pain, Central Sensitization, Kinesiophobia and Stress Level in Individuals With Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a musculoskeletal and neuromuscular system-related condition that affects the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint, and other related structures. Recent research has focused specifically on pain catastrophe, kinesiophobia, and central sensitization in individuals with TMD. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship between pain, central sensitization, kinesiophobia and stress level in individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction.

Detailed Description
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Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a musculoskeletal and neuromuscular system-related condition that affects the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint, and other related structures. Psychological factors are stated as comorbid in individuals with TMD. Individuals with TMD-related pain show higher levels of stress, anxiety, depression, somatic awareness, pain catastrophizing, and kinesiophobia compared to controls. Therefore, recent research has focused on pain catastrophe, kinesiophobia, and central sensitization, especially in individuals with TMD. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship between pain, central sensitization, kinesiophobia and stress level in individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction. Ninety patients aged 18-65 years, who have TME-related complaints for at least 3 months, and diagnosed with TMD as a result of clinical and radiological evaluation by a dentist will be included in the study.

Official Title
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Investigation of the Relationship Between Pain, Central Sensitization, Kinesiophobia and Stress Level in Individuals With Temporomandibular Dysfunction

Conditions
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Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Pain

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Between the ages of 18-65, Having complaints related to TMJ for at least 3 months, Patients diagnosed with TMD as a result of clinical and radiological evaluation by the dentist Exclusion Criteria: Cognitive problems, Any systemic joint or muscle disease (e.g. fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis), Serious systemic diseases, Any neurological disorder (e.g. trigeminal neuralgia), Pregnancy, breastfeeding status, Previous treatment for TMJ or orofacial muscle pain

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Numeric Pain Scale | Pain Assessment | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia | Kinesiophobia Assessment for temporomandibular joint dysfunction | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Perceived Stress Scale | Stress Assessment | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Central sensitization scale | Central sensitization Assessment | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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stress, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, Pain, central sensitization, kinesiophobia