How Urban Interventions in Lower Socioeconomic Areas Influence Health Behaviors (UrbASanté Study)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The UrbASanté study is a quasi-experimental research that aimed at assessing the impact of urban transformations (a natural experiment) in the health related behaviors, environmental exposure and perceived- health.

Detailed Description
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The UrbASAnté study is an interdisciplinary project evaluating the relationships between urban transformations (urban regeneration programs) and health related behaviors, environmental exposure (air pollution, noise) and health (perceived) in a deprived neighborhood in Paris (France). UrbASanté consists of quasi-experimental research (before/after protocol design) and includes an exposed group of inhabitants living in a neighborhood with urban transformation (intervention) and an unexposed group comprising inhabitants from neighborhood not undergoing urban changes (control). Participants will be surveyed at enrollment and 24 months later.

Official Title
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The UrbASanté Study

Conditions
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Health-Related Behavior

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Questionnaire
* Behavioral: Food diary supply
* Behavioral: Interviews (semi-structured)
* Behavioral: air and noise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Living in areas with urban intervention in Porte de la Chapelle, Paris (for experimental group) Living in areas without direct urban interventions close to Porte de la Chapelle, Paris (for control group) Age above 18 years

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental group<br>Volunteers living in a deprived neighborhood with urban transformations in Paris (France) | Behavioral: Questionnaire<br>* Each participant completes a questionnaire (online or paper version) about socio-demographic characteristics, health outcomes (general health, respiratory health, and weight status), physical activity and sedentary behaviors, perception of neighborhood characteristics, air quality, and noise exposure.<br>Behavioral: Food diary supply<br>* Sample of participant was issued with a food supply diary to record details of their household food supply and related trips over 1-mo period. Household food supply included food purchases, food gift/donation, and potential crops. For each food purchase, participants provided details of date, place of purchase and foods purchased (name, quantity and expense incurred). When till receipts were available in grocery stores or supermarkets, participants were asked to collect them in an envelope placed at the end of the food supply diary.<br>Behavioral: Interviews (semi-structured)<br>* Sample of participants was interviewed about their food provisioning practice and living conditions.<br>Behavioral: air and noise<br>* Sample of participant were instructed to wear air and noise sensors to record their daily environmental exposure for 7 consecutive days, except for sleeping, bathing and performing activities in the water. Particulate matter concentrations, the temperature, and the relative humidity were measured - the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations were determined with data loggers that integrate reliable electrochemical gas sensors. Noise levels was measured using noise dosimeters. Sensors were accompanied by an activity logbook in which participants were required to daily record time when awake and sleeping, and, if any, time and duration of workout or device removal<br>|
| Control group<br>Volunteers living in a deprived neighborhood without urban transformations in Paris (France). | Behavioral: Questionnaire<br>* Each participant completes a questionnaire (online or paper version) about socio-demographic characteristics, health outcomes (general health, respiratory health, and weight status), physical activity and sedentary behaviors, perception of neighborhood characteristics, air quality, and noise exposure.<br>Behavioral: Food diary supply<br>* Sample of participant was issued with a food supply diary to record details of their household food supply and related trips over 1-mo period. Household food supply included food purchases, food gift/donation, and potential crops. For each food purchase, participants provided details of date, place of purchase and foods purchased (name, quantity and expense incurred). When till receipts were available in grocery stores or supermarkets, participants were asked to collect them in an envelope placed at the end of the food supply diary.<br>Behavioral: Interviews (semi-structured)<br>* Sample of participants was interviewed about their food provisioning practice and living conditions.<br>Behavioral: air and noise<br>* Sample of participant were instructed to wear air and noise sensors to record their daily environmental exposure for 7 consecutive days, except for sleeping, bathing and performing activities in the water. Particulate matter concentrations, the temperature, and the relative humidity were measured - the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations were determined with data loggers that integrate reliable electrochemical gas sensors. Noise levels was measured using noise dosimeters. Sensors were accompanied by an activity logbook in which participants were required to daily record time when awake and sleeping, and, if any, time and duration of workout or device removal<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) | Measure of individuals nutrient adequacy based on reported food intakes | at baseline and 24 month later | 
| Change in the mean excess ratio (MER) | Measure of excessive nutrient consumption, based on reported food intakes | at baseline and 24 month later | 
| Change in physical activity behaviors | Assessed by questions from the Sedentary, Transportation, and Activity Questionnaire (STAQ) with added questions about perception of active modes (walking and cycling). Using indicators of time spent in different transport modes (car or motorized vehicle, public transport, walking, cycling, other active transport) assessing the past-week frequency and duration of transport. | at baseline and 24 month later | 
| Change in sedentary behaviors | Assessed by questions from the Sedentary, Transportation, and Activity Questionnaire (STAQ) using indicator of past week sitting time spent during transport, leisure and work/study. | at baseline and 24 month later | 
| Change in perceived health | Assessed by the question How is your health in general? Is it… (very good/good/fair/bad/very bad) as a standard and cost-effective measure in health surveys. | at baseline and 24 month later | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Age (in year) of each member of the household | Participants were asked to report the age of each member of the household. | at baseline | 
| Gender of adult members of the household | Participants were asked to report the gender of each adult of the household | at baseline | 
| Household income | Participants indicated their net income bracket of the household (by month) | at baseline | 
| Education level of each adult of the household | Participants were asked to report the highest education level achieved by each adult of the household (no degree, primary school, secondary school degree, bachelor degree, tertiary degree). | at baseline | 
| Living duration (in month/year) in the residential neighborhood | Participants were asked to indicate how long they had lived in the study area | at baseline | 
| Marital status | Participants were asked to report their marital status | at baseline |