Evaluation of Serum Levels of C Reactive Protein (CRP) and Its Correlation With Fetal Ultrasound Parameters in the Prediction of Threatened Miscarriage in the First Trimester

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of this observational study is to evaluate and compare in pregnant women with threatened miscarriage in the first trimester. The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the correlation between serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels and fetal ultrasound parameters in predicting threatened miscarriage? How accurate are serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels versus ultrasound in predicting pregnancy loss in threatened miscarriage? Participants will have blood tests to measure C reactive protein (CRP) levels and fetal ultrasound exams to assess parameters like crown-rump length. Researchers will compare serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels and fetal ultrasound findings to see if either or both can accurately predict pregnancy loss in women with first trimester threatened miscarriage.

Detailed Description
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This observational study will enroll 100 pregnant women, with 50 in the threatened miscarriage group and 50 healthy controls, to compare serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels and fetal ultrasound findings for predicting early pregnancy loss. Women presenting with first trimester bleeding and cramps concerning for threatened miscarriage will undergo blood testing to measure C reactive protein (CRP) levels and fetal ultrasound to assess parameters including crown-rump length, heartbeat, yolk sac size, and embryonic motion. The control group will consist of 50 low-risk pregnant women without threatened miscarriage matched for gestational age. Controls will undergo the same blood and ultrasound assessments. Researchers will compare serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels and ultrasound measurements between the threatened miscarriage and control groups. They will analyze which parameters differ significantly between groups and examine the predictive utility of C reactive protein (CRP) levels versus ultrasound for determining pregnancy viability. Key outcomes will include correlation of C reactive protein (CRP) with ultrasound parameters, and diagnostic accuracy of C reactive protein (CRP) levels versus ultrasound in predicting pregnancy loss in threatened first trimester miscarriages. This study aims to help optimize early pregnancy loss prediction and counseling for women with potential threatened miscarriage.

Official Title
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Evaluation of Serum Levels of C Reactive Protein (CRP) and Its Correlation With Fetal Ultrasound Parameters in the Prediction of Threatened Miscarriage in the First Trimester

Conditions
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Threatened Miscarriage

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Serum C reactive protein (CRP) level
* Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: All pregnant women in the age group (20-35) between 7 and 13 weeks gestation in which a singleton embryo with evident cardiac activity with sure last menstrual period (LMP) constant with 1st trimester documented ultrasound The included subjects will be divided into two groups:- Group 1 (control) will consist of 50 pregnant women with uneventful pregnancies without any problem. Group 2 (patients) will consist of 50 pregnant women with threatened miscarriage, of them. Exclusion Criteria: Multiple pregnancies. Women having received hormonal treatment or progesterone supplements. Pregnancies with a difference of more than 7 days between last menstrual period (LMP) and crown- rump length. History of general medical disease e.g. diabetes, thyroid disease or antiphospholipid syndrome, Presence of local (gynecological) disease e.g. fibroid or adnexal masses verified by normal appearance of the uterus and ovaries by ultrasound. Presence of uterine malformations e.g. hypoplastic uterus or septate uterus diagnosed by history of recurrent miscarriage, hysterosalpingography or 3D ultrasound, Intake of natural or synthetic progesterone. Obesity. Ectopic pregnancy Vesicular mole Fetal demise by Ultrasound

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| threatened miscarriage Group<br>This group will include 50 pregnant women presenting with vaginal bleeding and/or abdominal cramps concerning for possible miscarriage in the first trimester. Inclusion criteria will be gestational age between 6-14 weeks by last menstrual period and/or ultrasound dating, and clinical signs/symptoms suggestive of threatened miscarriage including: Vaginal bleeding Abdominal cramps/pain Closed cervical os on exam Women with confirmed fetal demise on ultrasound will be excluded. Participants in this group will undergo blood testing to measure C reactive protein (CRP) level and fetal ultrasound to assess parameters like crown-rump length, heartbeat, yolk sac size, and embryonic motion. This group will provide data to assess C reactive protein (CRP) and ultrasound findings in women with threatened first trimester miscarriage. | Diagnostic Test: Serum C reactive protein (CRP) level<br>* An immunoturbidimetric method using a Modular P Analyzer will be used to carry out HSCRP assay, with a quantitation limit of 0.5 mg/L.<br>Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound<br>* All examinations will be carried out by an experience operator with a transvaginal probe on high-resolution ultrasound machines. Pregnancies will be dated from the LMP. Other measurements will be obtained during the scan as the mean gestation sac diameter, volume of the gestation sac and the embryonic heart rate (FHR).<br>|
| Control Group<br>The control group will include 50 low-risk pregnant women matched to the threatened miscarriage group based on gestational age. Inclusion criteria are normal pregnancy dating, no vaginal bleeding/cramping, normal prior ultrasounds, and no history of pregnancy complications. Controls will undergo the same CRP blood testing and fetal ultrasounds as the threatened miscarriage group. This will provide comparative normal pregnancy CRP and ultrasound data. Matching controls on demographics and gestation will allow analysis of differences in CRP and ultrasound parameters between groups to determine predictors of pregnancy viability. Copy Retry | Diagnostic Test: Serum C reactive protein (CRP) level<br>* An immunoturbidimetric method using a Modular P Analyzer will be used to carry out HSCRP assay, with a quantitation limit of 0.5 mg/L.<br>Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound<br>* All examinations will be carried out by an experience operator with a transvaginal probe on high-resolution ultrasound machines. Pregnancies will be dated from the LMP. Other measurements will be obtained during the scan as the mean gestation sac diameter, volume of the gestation sac and the embryonic heart rate (FHR).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels in threatened miscarriage vs control groups | Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels will be compared between the threatened miscarriage and control groups. CRP levels will be assessed from blood samples collected at the time of enrollment in the study (6-14 weeks gestation). The goal is to determine if CRP levels differ significantly between the threatened miscarriage and control groups and examine the correlation between C reactive protein (CRP) levels and threatened early pregnancy loss. | At enrollment (6-14 weeks gestation) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ongoing pregnancy | Ongoing pregnancy rates at 24 weeks gestation will be compared between the threatened miscarriage and control groups. | Ongoing pregnancy assessed at 24 weeks gestation | 
| miscarriage rates | Miscarriage rates, defined as pregnancy loss before 20 weeks, will also be compared between the two groups through completion of the study. | pregnancy loss before 20 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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threatened miscarriage, ultrasound parameters, C reactive protein, first trimester