Manual Lymphatic Drainage for Pain, Muscle Strength, and Sensation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To evaluate the acute effect of MLD on pressure pain threshold (PPT), pain tolerance, tactile sensation, and muscle strength in healthy young adults. healthy young adults were included in the study. Before and after MLD and plasebo touchs, the same physiotherapist performed PPT and pain tolerance measurements, muscle strength measurements with a hand dynamometer (Jamar®) and pinchmeter (Baseline®), and two-point discrimination (2PD) evaluation with an esthesiometer.

Official Title
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Effect of Manual Lymphatic Drainage on Pressure Pain Threshold, Pain Tolerance, Grip and Pinch Strength, and Two-point Discrimination

Conditions
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Manual Lymphatic Drainage Effects

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Manual Lymphatic Drainage
* Other: Plasebo Group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Being aged 18-30 years Volunteering to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: Having any skin disease Having a history of neurological and/or orthopedic disease Having a significant scar or burn tissue in the upper extremity Having any condition that would prevent communication

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Study Group<br> | Other: Manual Lymphatic Drainage<br>* Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), one of the components of complex decongestive physiotherapy, is a gentle massage technique with proven positive effects on lymphatic circulation. MLD can be applied to different parts of the body (e.g., arms, legs, neck, abdomen, and trunk), with a different technique for each region (stationary circle, scoop, pump, and rotary)<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Plasebo Group<br> | Other: Plasebo Group<br>* random superficial touches not involved in any manual technique<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| pressure pain threshold (PPT) | PPT measurements will be performed using a 1-cm2 surface algometer.The algometer will be positioned vertically and placed on the thenar, hypothenar, mid-ulnar, and biceps regions using the marked points. Measurements will be repeated three times. The average of these three measurements will be used for analysis. | 5 minutes | 
| pain tolerance | pain tolerance measurements will be performed using a 1-cm2 surface algometer.The algometer will be positioned vertically and placed on the thenar, hypothenar, mid-ulnar, and biceps regions using the marked points.The highest tolerable pressure will be used in the measurement and it will be recorded. | 5 minutes | 
| Evaluation of Hand Grip Strength | The Jamar will be used to measure hand grip strength.Three measurements will be made at one-minute intervals, and the average values will be recorded | 5 minutes | 
| Evaluation Finger Pinch Strength | A pinchmeter (Baseline®) will be used to measure finger pinch strength. Three measurements will be made at one-minute intervals, and the average values will be recorded | 5 minutes | 
| Two-point discrimination (2PD) | This evaluation will be performed using an esthesiometer with the participants in the sitting position with their eyes closed. Evaluation will be made from the biceps medial to the elbow. The contact time of the two-point stimulation will be adjusted to be approximately 1-2 seconds, and approximately 3-5 seconds will be waited between each stimulation. The shortest distance felt between two points provided the static 2PD value | 10 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Manual lymphatic drainage, pain threshold, pain tolerance, two-point discrimination, muscle strength