Exercise to Slow Cardiovascular Ageing Progression

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In ageing, deleterious alterations in cardiovascular (CV) structure and function increase risks of ageing-related cardiovascular disease (CVD). Investigators found that these CV alterations were associated with circulating serum metabolites, suggesting a metabolic basis to CV ageing. Investigators hypothesize that modification of these metabolites by intervention, such as exercise, may retard CV alterations and reduce CVD in ageing.

Detailed Description
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Participants from each stratum will be randomized to receive either an exercise program intervention or no exercise. At the start and end of study, participants will undergo cardiovascular imaging and metabolic profiling. Investigators will determine if exercise can reverse high-risk metabolic profiles and improve cardiovascular structure and function. Without clear mechanisms to explain cardiovascular ageing nor interventions known to retard cardiovascular ageing, our approach will provide much needed translational evidence to incorporate targeted interventions aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease risk in older populations.

Official Title
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Exercise to Slow Cardiovascular Ageing Progression

Conditions
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Cardiac Ageing, Exercise, Cardiovascular

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age >=21 years old Outdoor ambulant Exclusion Criteria: Wheelchair or bed-bound Dementia Residing in sheltered or nursing home Cancer Participation in ongoing clinical trials that involve interventional drugs or devices Aneurysms Acute infections (in the last six months) Uncontrolled thyrotoxicosis Neuromuscular, musculoskeletal or rheumatoid disorders that are exacerbated by exercise Uncontrolled asthma or chronic lung disease Restrictive lung disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 21 Years
Maximum Age: 100 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| A<br>Cardiovascular measurements Non-invasive brachial blood pressure machine Echocardiography Bio-specimen collection Six-minute walk test Musculoskeletal Analysis Cardiopulmonary exercise test | |
| B<br>Cardiovascular measurements Non-invasive brachial blood pressure machine Echocardiography Bio-specimen collection Six-minute walk test Musculoskeletal Analysis | |
| C<br>Cardiovascular measurements Non-invasive brachial blood pressure machine Echocardiography Bio-specimen collection Six-minute walk test Musculoskeletal Analysis | |
| D<br>Cardiovascular measurements Non-invasive brachial blood pressure machine Echocardiography Bio-specimen collection Six-minute walk test (may require separate day visit to complete) Musculoskeletal Analysis Questionnaires | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Metabolite profiles | To measure changes in serum metabolite levels among participants pre and post exercise intervention. | 12 Months | 
| Cardiovascular structure and function | To measure changes in CV structure and function (diastolic function, arterial stiffness) among participants. | 12 Months |