Effect of Educution in Control Nutrition and Fluid Control of Hemodialysis Patient

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Hemodialysis patients are required to adhere to diet and fluid restriction. The literature shows that hemodialysis patients have low adherence to diet and fluid restriction. Failure to adhere to fluid control increases weight gain between two dialysis sessions. Increased weight gain between two dialysis sessions can lead to signs and symptoms, such as heart failure, hypertension, edema and dyspnea. Ultrafiltration is increased during dialysis to remove excess fluid from the body between two dialysis sessions. As a result, this leads to large changes in the patient's weight during dialysis sessions, leading to hemodialysis complications such as hypotension and muscle cramps. Diet is important to prevent uremic complication for hemodialysis patient. Diet restriction purposes to minimize uremic symptoms and fluid- electrolyte imbalance. As increase failure to adhere diet, serum phosphorus serum potassium rise and weight gain between two dialysis sessions increases. As a result, problems with the cardiac system, respiratory system and bones are experienced. Diet and fluid restriction helps to prevent complications, to increase the quality of life and to reduce mortality. Therefore, diet and fluid control vitally important for hemodialysis patients. Nurses have an important place in providing diet and fluid management. Desired success can be achieved in fluid and diet control by giving planned trainings to patients by nurses. In patient education, the Health Belief Model is used as an effective guide, which explains the reason for the person's attitudes and behaviors. This model is based on explain why did the patient not adhere with the treatment and what motivates the patient. The model is based on the premise that they will change their behavior when people understand the severity of the illness. The Health Belief Model can used education on diet and fluid contol of hemodialysis patients. In this study, Health Belief Model components will be used as a guide in the preparation of the educational content to be given to hemodialysis patients. With this study planned to be done; it was aimed to determine the effect of Health Belief Model-based education on diet and fluid control of hemodialysis patients. The study was planned as a randomized controlled trial.

Official Title
-----------------
Efficiency of Education Based on Health Belief Model in Diet and Fluid Control of Hemodialysis Patients

Conditions
-----------------
End Stage Renal Disease

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Education group


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: He is over 18 years old, At least 6 months of hemodialysis treatment, At least primary school graduate, Does not have a condition that interferes with language, hearing or visual communication, Patients who accept to participate in the study are included in the study Exclusion Criteria: That do not meet the inclusion criteria, Those who are included in another training program on the subject

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Education group<br>The training planned four step. In the first interview, a pre-test will be applied by the researcher. The patient will then be trained and given a training booklet. The second interview will take place 30 days after the end of the first training. The topics will be summarised and the benefits of adherence to diet and fluid control will be emphasised. The third interview will be held 30 days after the second interview. In this interview, the patient's questions will be answered and the necessary training sections will be explained again for patient. The issues that prevent the patient from complying with fluid and diet control will be discussed with the patient and positive developments in the patient prognosis will be reinforced. The last interview will be held 30 days after the third interview. In all interviews, data will be collected with data collection tools and clinical parameters of the patient will be recorded. | Other: Education group<br>* Based on the Health Belief Model, a educational booklet on diet and fluid control in individuals receiving hemodialysis treatment has been prepared. The training content consists of information on the structure and function of the kidneys, information about chronic renal failure, possible complications in case of non-adherence with the desired fluid control and diet, perceived benefits, the information on diet and fluid control consisted of perceived benefits, barriers, coping with barriers, perceived susceptibility in this regard, and information on the development of self-efficacy to improve dietary compliance and fluid control. Individuals in the education group were given individual training by the researcher. The training was conducted in a single meeting of 20-30 minutes in the first hour when haemodialysis started and the patient's condition was stable.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control grup<br>No training will be given to the control group. In the first interview will be applied data collection tools and will be recorded clinical parameters. Last interview with control group will be held 90 days after first interview. Data collection tools will be applied and clinical parameters will be recorded in last interview. The training booklet will be given also to patients in control group at the end of the research. | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Personal Information Form | It was prepared by the researchers by analysing the relevant literature. In the personal information form, socio-demographic and disease information of the patient were questioned. | up to 1 year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fluid Control Scale in Haemodialysis Patients | It was developed by Albayrak Coşar and Çınar (2012) to measure the knowledge, behaviours and attitudes of haemodialysis patients about fluid restriction. The scale was prepared in the form of a 3 point Likert-type scale. The participants were asked to respond to each item as agree, indecisive, or don't agree. When assessing positive items, agree was scored 3, indecisive 2, and don't agree 1. The negative items (6, 7, and 18-24) are reversely scored. The lowest score obtained from the scale is 24 and the highest score is 72. As the score obtained from the scale increases, patients' compliance with fluid control also increases | up to 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
hemodialysis, education, Health Belief Model, nursing