Early Resistance Training Post Valve Replacement Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Background: Recent recommendations from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) are multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation including therapeutic exercises for patients after heart valve surgery unless there is insufficient evidence to decide whether therapeutic exercise cardiac training should be provided for such patients. As well, resistance training is an extremely safe systemic physical activity, and it has no contraindications if well-oriented, in addition to being the fastest-growing physical activity in the world in several practitioner settings. Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of early resistance training on the fitness level (vo2 max) and (PR interval) of patients post-valve replacement surgery.

Detailed Description
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Method: Forty males post-valve replacement surgery participants' age ranged from 20 to 30 years old and were selected randomly from National Heart Institute (Imbaba), this study was conducted in the period between April and November 2022, and those participants were allocated randomly into two equal groups twenty in each group. Group A received aerobic and resistance training three sessions per week for one-month, and group B received aerobic training three sessions per week for one month. All demographic data was recorded and an ECG device was used to record HR and R-P Intervals, Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) was used to assess of cardiorespiratory fitness for all participants in both groups (A&B)

Official Title
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Effects of Early Resistance Training on Functional Capacity and Electrocardiographic Changes Post Valve Replacement Surgery

Conditions
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Valve Disease, Heart

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Resistance training
* Behavioral: Aerobic training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participants' age ranged from 20 to 30 years old, Participants medically stable to do early resistance exercise in the first week after the operation. Each participant had undergone valve replacement surgeries only, Participants be able to do early resistance exercises in the first week after the operation. Exclusion Criteria: The study excluded the participant if has one or more of the following criteria: sternal infection and delay sternal healing. Patient with a musculoskeletal condition limiting the ability to exercise or a geographical residence and/or lack of access to transportation, thus preventing exercise session attendance. The patient has an LV thrombus diagnosed by echocardiography, left ventriculogram, or other imaging. The patient is known to have unprotected left main coronary artery disease (CAD) greater than 50%. Patients have poor cognitive capabilities or poor mentality. Patient who had valve and CABG surgery.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Aerobic and resistance training<br>aerobic exercises (intervention) on arm ergometer and resistance training using weights for post valve replacement surgery patients for 4 weeks, 3 times/week for the duration of 45-70 min/ session. | Behavioral: Resistance training<br>* moderate-intensity resistance training: three sessions per week for one month. Participants had been instructed to perform exercises at a 4:2:4 tempo; that is, four sets of concentric contraction, two sets of isometric hold, and four sets of eccentric contraction. Participants had been instructed to complete a single set until volitional fatigue or been instructed to stop by the physiotherapist when the technique falters<br>Behavioral: Aerobic training<br>* The exercise program consisted of ten minutes warm-up, 45 minutes of moderate aerobic exercises upper extremity aerobic bulk muscles training and arm ergometer and cool-down in five minutes, respectively. That was done as 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Aerobic training<br>aerobic exercises (intervention) on arm ergometer for post valve replacement surgery patients for 4 weeks, 3 times/week for the duration of 30-55 min/ session. | Behavioral: Aerobic training<br>* The exercise program consisted of ten minutes warm-up, 45 minutes of moderate aerobic exercises upper extremity aerobic bulk muscles training and arm ergometer and cool-down in five minutes, respectively. That was done as 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| six minute walking distance (in meters) | represent aerobic capacity (distance walked in 6 min) | 4 weeks | 
| P-R interval (in milliseconds) | represent a mortality index (the time from the beginning of atrial depolarization to the onset of ventricular depolarization) on the electrocardiograph | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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post valve replacement, resistance exercise, aerobic exercise