The Relationship Between Lower Limb Functionality, Foot Joint Position Sensation and Balance in Haemiplegic Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Stroke is defined as a neurological disorder resulting from acute focal damage to the central nervous system caused by vascular factors, which may include cerebral infarction, intracerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Postural balance is a critical factor affecting walking and gait performance in the community after stroke. Gait disorders contribute significantly to functional disability in individuals after stroke. These impairments encompass a variety of changes, including muscle weakness in the affected lower limb, resulting in reduced weight bearing on that limb. This results in a slower and less safe gait. Given the impact on gait, functional mobility is also compromised, including daily activities such as sitting, standing, walking, turning and climbing or descending stairs. Proprioception is impaired in a large percentage of individuals following stroke. The presence of proprioception deficits has been identified as an important determinant of unfavourable functional outcomes after stroke, especially in terms of achieving independence in basic activities of daily living and length of hospital stay. In the literature, there are no studies investigating the relationship between ankle position sense and lower extremity functionality with balance and falls using Humac Norm Isokinetic Machine and Tecno Body Prokin Isokinetic Balance System simultaneously.

Official Title
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The Relationship Between Lower Limb Functionality, Foot Joint Position Sensation and Balance in Haemiplegic Patients

Conditions
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Being Between 40-80 Years Old, Being Diagnosed With Haemiplegia, Getting 20 Points or More in the Mini Mental Test, Volunteering to Participate in the Study, Level 2 or Above According to Functional Ambulation Classification

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Humac Norm İsokinetic Machine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Individuals aged 40-80 years Volunteering to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: Being diagnosed with vertigo Having a history of serious neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis except hemiplegia Having a previous operation for the lower limb Poor co-operation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: Humac Norm İsokinetic Machine|Tecno Body Prokin Isokinetic Balance System CSMI (CYBEX) Humac Norm Isokinetic Testing and Exercise System Romberg Test Mini Mental Test (MMSE) Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the lower limb|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tecno Body Prokin Isokinetic Balance System | It expresses the equilibrium rate and the probability of falling. | First Day | 
| CSMI (CYBEX) Humac Norm Isokinetic Test and Exercise System | Measures ankle joint position sensation. | First day | 
| Berg Balance Scale | It was developed for the evaluation of postural dominance. | First day | 
| Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the lower extremity | Is used for the assessment of motor function after stroke. The total possible score for the lower limb is 34. The higher the score, the better the performance. | First day | 
| Tinetti Fall Activity Scale | It measures how confident the individual is in performing some activities of daily living such as reaching shelves, walking around the house, dressing and undressing, and personal care without falling. There is a rating between 1-10. Each question is defined as 1 (very confident), 10 (not confident at all). If the total score is >70, there is fear of falling. | First day | 
| Time Up Go Test | The purpose of the test is to provide an approach to observing gait. The patient is observed and timed while getting up from the chair, walking 3 metres, turning, walking back and sitting again. | First day | 
| Mini Mental Test | The MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) is a 30-question assessment tool commonly used by health professionals to assess cognitive functioning, including elements such as thinking, communication, comprehension and memory, to detect potential disorders. | First day | 
| Romberg Test | The Romberg sign is a potential indicator of a neurological disorder linked to proprioception, impairing the visual and vestibular elements that are crucial for maintaining balance. | First day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Stroke, Proprioception, Lower limb functionality, Ankle joint, Balance