Effects of Concurrent Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition in Obese Individuals

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Ample evidence demonstrates the beneficial role of physical activity combined with a structured dietary plan to counteract obesity. International guidelines as the World Health Organization states that to improve fitness levels at least 150 min a week of physical activity at moderate intensity, combined with resistance training composed of 8-12 repetitions with an intensity of 60-70%1RM for each muscle group, are recommended. In this regard, a minimum dosage of 60-90 min of physical activity composed by aerobic exercises in alternation with resistance training protocols, allow a sequential development of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength parameters avoiding potential interference effects. Interference may occur when strength and endurance stimuli both target opposite peripheral adaptations (e.g., hypertrophy vs. muscle capillarization) and this phenomenon seems to be particularly clear during adolescence. Nevertheless, the incorporation of different training stimuli within the same training session is called Concurrent Training. This training mode, thanks to the activation of two different metabolic pathways (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic), has a variety, beneficial effects in terms of muscle mass and strength development, body composition profile regulation and neuromotor function improvement. Concurrent Training seems to be effective not only in normal-weight subjects, but also in obese individuals, reporting positive adaptations on physical fitness and health status compared with a single-mode (i.e., aerobic or strength training). Therefore, the aim of this study is to detect the effects of a 10-week-Concurrent Training protocol compared with a single training modality on physical fitness, body composition and circadian rhythms in adult outpatients with obesity.

Official Title
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Effects of a Concurrent Home-based Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscular Strength, Balance, Daily-life Activities and Body Composition in Obese Individuals

Conditions
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Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Concurrent Training
* Other: Strength Training
* Other: Aerobic training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Physical activity frequency minor of 2 days/week BMI major of 30 kg/m2 informed consent signature Exclusion Criteria: age over 65 years knee or hip pain (visual analogue scale score >7 arbitrary units a history of hip, knee or foot replacement or osteoarthrosis cardiac infarction neurological impairments or any other clinical condition that affects the practice of physical activity

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 25 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Concurrent Training<br>Experimental: home-based concurrent training composed by strength and aerobic exercises within the same training session | Other: Concurrent Training<br>* Participants should perform strength training and aerobic exercises<br>|
| Experimental: Strength Training<br>Experimental: home-based resistance training mode | Other: Strength Training<br>* Participants should perform strength exercises<br>|
| Experimental: Aerobic Training<br>Experimental: home-based endurance training mode | Other: Aerobic training<br>* Participants should perform aerobic exercises<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline strength in kilograms at 10 weeks | Maximum isometric handgrip strength using a dynamometer | Up to 10 weeks | 
| Change from baseline cardiorespiratory fitness in number of steps performed at 10 weeks fitness | Maximum aerobic capacity using the two minute step test | Up to 10 weeks | 
| Change from baseline postural control in arbitrary units at 10 weeks | Balance and postural control using the Balance Error Scoring System | Up to 10 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline fat mass percentage at 10 weeks | Fat mass % using a Tetrapolar Bioelectrical Impedance | Up to 10 weeks | 
| Change from baseline weight in kilograms at 10 weeks | weight status using weight scale | Up to 10 weeks | 
| Change from baseline height in meters at 10 weeks | height using a stadiometer | Up to 10 weeks | 
| Change from baseline waist circumference in centimeters at 10 weeks | waist circumference using a 200 cm tape | Up to 10 weeks | 
| Change from baseline circadian rhythm in arbitrary units at 10 weeks | Chronotype profile using Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire | Up to 10 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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physical activity, obesity treatment, body composition