The Potential Association of Long Non-coding RNA (NEAT1 and MALAT1) in the Process of Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Periodontitis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Periodontitis is a polymicrobial, inflammatory condition affecting tooth-supporting tissues. It is characterized by a progressive loss of epithelial attachment and resorption of alveolar bone, which can lead to tooth loss. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proposed as a reversible process that shifts the cell phenotype from epithelial to mesenchymal-like and may be involved in the process of periodontal inflammation either completely or partially. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large class of regulatory transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides lacking evident protein-coding potential. Studies have shown that lncRNA dysregulation plays key roles in human diseases, including cancer, by modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The involvement of lncRNAs markers in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease induced EMT has not been studied thoroughly and have created a gap in the knowledge.

Official Title
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The Potential Association of Long Non-coding RNA (NEAT1 and MALAT1) in the Process of Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Periodontitis

Conditions
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Periodontal Disease, AVDC Stage 3and 4, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Long Noncoding RNA

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: periodontitis challenge


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with no history of systemic disease e.g., diabetes. Both males and females will be included in the study. Control group: patients fit the case definition of gingival health2, and confirmed by Histopathological inflammatory cell infiltration analysis. Periodontitis group: patients fit the case definition of periodontal disease referred for periodontal flap surgery (modified Widman's flap). Patients radiographically confirmed with infrabony pocket eligible for periodontal flap surgery. Exclusion Criteria: Patients not willing to participate or consent. Patient taking medications that affect or modify immunity (e.g., corticosteroid), for the last 3 months. Patient taking NSAIDs for the last 3 months. Active smoker.
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| control group<br>-healthy groups/without the condition | |
| study group<br>-diseased group-/with the condition (periodontitis) | Other: periodontitis challenge<br>* control will be compared to diseased group suffering from periodontal disease.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| determining the relative expression of lncRNAs (NEAT1 and MALAT1) in healthy and diseased periodontal tissue. | reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction | one year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| determine the expression of EMT-related genes (E-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin, and Snail1), in healthy and diseased tissues, and their correlation with lncRNAs and clinical parameters. | reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction | one year |