The Effects of Smartphone Addiction on Physical Activity, Fatigue and Sleep Quality of University Students

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The increasing rate of usage of smartphones ushers in various health problems and smartphone addiction. In the literature, the research focused mainly on the relationship between smartphone addiction and depression, anxiety and musculoskeletal system problems; however, the number of studies on fatigue was limited. We believe that this paper will be of interest to the readers of your journal because it adds information about the effect of smartphone addiction on physical activity, on sleep quality and especially on fatigue.

Detailed Description
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This cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 322 students attending the Faculty of Health Sciences at Süleyman Demirel University. The participants were given the socio-demographic characteristics form, developed by the researchers according to the literature review. They were also given the evaluation form, which surveys some variables related to smartphones, as well as the short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS).

Official Title
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The Effects of Smartphone Addiction on Physical Activity, Fatigue and Sleep Quality of University Students

Conditions
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Addictive Behavior

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Piper Fatigue Scale


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: The students who volunteered to participate in the study after being informed about the aims and procedures of the study. Exclusion Criteria: The students who didnot volunteered to participate in the study after being informed about the aims and procedures of the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Smartphone-addicted group<br>university sdudents | Other: Piper Fatigue Scale<br>* The Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) was developed by Piper et al. to measure fatigue in a multi-dimensional manner. The scale assesses the behavioural, affective, sensory and cognitive/mood attributes of fatigue and contains 22 items and 5 open-ended questions. Each item is scored between 0 and 10 using a Visual Analogue Scale. Sub-scale scores are obtained by dividing the scores from the sub-scale items by the number of the items in the sub-scale. The same method is used to calculate the total score<br>* Other names: Physical Activity;|
| non-smartphone-addicted group<br>university sdudents | Other: Piper Fatigue Scale<br>* The Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) was developed by Piper et al. to measure fatigue in a multi-dimensional manner. The scale assesses the behavioural, affective, sensory and cognitive/mood attributes of fatigue and contains 22 items and 5 open-ended questions. Each item is scored between 0 and 10 using a Visual Analogue Scale. Sub-scale scores are obtained by dividing the scores from the sub-scale items by the number of the items in the sub-scale. The same method is used to calculate the total score<br>* Other names: Physical Activity;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Short Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version |  | 02.01.2021 |