The Relationship of Forward and Backward Walking With Selective Motor Control, Trunk Control and Balance in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Cerebral palsy (CP) is defined as a disorder of the developing brain that causes movement disorders and may be associated with other neurologically based disorders. Gait abnormalities are a direct result of damage to the motor areas of the brain and include symptoms such as spasticity, dystonia, weakness, loss of selective muscle control, dependence on primitive reflexes, abnormal muscle and inadequate balance reactions. Walking backwards during activities of daily living is as important as walking forward. Some of these activities are stepping back towards the chair, stepping back when opening the door and pulling the door, reflexively leaning back when suddenly encountering an obstacle or uneven ground. In addition, backward walking is defined as a more complex activity that requires more neuromuscular control, proprioception sense, and protective reflex activation than forward walking. Selective motor control is an essential part of typical human movement, allowing for smooth and discrete control of joint movement. Impaired selective motor control causes abnormal reciprocal muscle activations or involuntary combined movements, leading to difficulties with coordination, balance, walking efficiency, and symmetry. Impaired selective motor control is associated with poor gross motor function and balance control, severe general gait deviations, and decreased walking speed. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between forward and backward walking and selective motor control, trunk control and balance in children with cerebral palsy.

Official Title
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The Relationship of Forward and Backward Walking With Selective Motor Control, Trunk Control and Balance in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Conditions
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Cerebral Palsy, Balance, Gait Disorders in Children

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Assessment


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: To be diagnosed with cerebral palsy by a specialist physician Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I or II Children with lower extremity muscles level ≤ 2 according to the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) Ability to follow verbal commands Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) Level ≤2 Complete passive range of motion in the ankle and knee joints Agree to participate in the study (with parent and child consent) Exclusion Criteria: Having had Botox (Botulinum toxin) or a surgical operation in the last 6 months Having contractures in the ankle and knee joints that affect walking

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Children With Cerebral Palsy<br> | Other: Assessment<br>* 3 meter backward walk test (3MBWT), 10 meter walk test (10MWT), Selective Control Assessment of the Lower Extremities (SCALE), Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS), Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3 meter backward walk test (3MBWT) |  | First day | 
| 10 meter walk test (10MWT) |  | First day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Selective Control Assessment of the Lower Extremities (SCALE) |  | First day | 
| Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) |  | First day | 
| Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) |  | First day | 
| Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) |  | First day | 
| Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) |  | First day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Cerebral Palsy, Backward Walking, Selective Motor Control, Trunk Control, Balance