Prediction of Clinical Outcome in Thoracic ESPB

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The primary endpoint of this study was to identify that Perfusion index (PI) has any predictive value for the treatment outcome of cervical radiculopathy

Detailed Description
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The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a less invasive, safer, and technically easy alternative procedure to conventional neuraxial anesthetic techniques. In contrast to common neuraxial techniques such as paravertebral and epidural injections, the ESPB targets an interfascial plane which is far from the spinal cord, root, and pleura. First applied to thoracic neuropathic pain, currently ESPB is being applied to postoperative pain control and includes variable clinical situations. In the abdomen and thoracic wall, thoracic ESPB can be applied for pain control after cardiac surgery, video-assisted thoracic surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and thoracotomy. Recently, favorable postoperative pain control after lumbar spinal or lower limb surgeries has been reported with lumbar ESPB. In addition, ESPB has also been used for chronic pain conditions in the upper and lower extremities. The perfusion index (PI) is a numerical value for the ratio between pulsatile and non-pulsatile blood flow measured by a special pulse oximeter. Although the special probe for PI measurement is relatively more expensive compared with ordinary pulse oximetery probes, its benefit as a marker of peripheral perfusion and as an idex for sympathetic stimulation have increased its use progressively. PI has been used widely for the prediction of success of brachial plexus block or axillary block. Changes of PI ratio value showed an excellent predictive value for the success of block. There have been no studies demonstrating predictive value of PI in thoracic ESPB for the relief of cervical radiulopathy

Official Title
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Perfusion Index Value in Predicting the Clinical Outcome of Thoracic ESPB

Conditions
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Pain, Chronic

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Erector spinae plane block


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Cervical foraminal stenosis Cervical central stenosis Cerivcal disc herniation Cervical spondylolisthesis Exclusion Criteria: infection pregnancy allergy to local anesthetic agents previous cervical spine surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: Erector spinae plane block|T2 ESPB group where ESPB is performed at T2 with local anesthetics 20ml|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Perfusion index changes among 4 time periods | Perfusion index changes among 4 time periods | baseline, 10 minutes after erector spinae plane block, 20 minutes after erector spinae plane block, 30 minutes after erector spinae plane block | 
| Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction more than 50% | Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction more than 50% | 1 month after ESPB | 
| Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction less than 50% | Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction less than 50% | 1 month after ESPB | 
| Number of patients showing no reduction in numerical rating scale | Number of patients showing no reduction in numerical rating scale | 1 month after ESPB | 
| Neck disability index changes between 2 time periods | Neck disability index changes between 2 time periods | baseline, 1 month after ESPB |