Effects of Aerobic Exercises and Yoga on Premenstrual Syndrome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Sign and symptoms including mood swings, sensitive breasts, food cravings, exhaustion, irritability, pain and sadness. The physical and emotional changes you go through with premenstrual syndrome can range from hardly perceptible to severe. Some people's physical discomfort and emotional stress are so severe that it interferes with their daily life. Regardless of the severity of the symptoms, most women's signs and symptoms go away four days following the start of their menstrual cycle. In this study the effects of aerobic exercises and Yoga on premenstrual syndrome population will be analyzed. This study will be a randomized clinical trial which will incorporate two different interventions. Aerobic exercises and yoga would be administered to the females. 32 patients will randomly divided into two groups. Assessment will be done by using PMS scale and visual analogue scale. The goal of this study to compare the effects of aerobic exercises and yoga on premenstrual syndrome.

Detailed Description
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There are many different signs and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), including mood swings, sensitive breasts, food cravings, exhaustion, irritability, pain and sadness. Premenstrual syndrome is thought to have affected up to 3 out of every 4 women who are menstruation. A consistent pattern of recurrence exists for symptoms. However, the physical and emotional changes you go through with premenstrual syndrome can range from hardly perceptible to severe. Some people's physical discomfort and emotional stress are so severe that it interferes with their daily life. Regardless of the severity of the symptoms, most women's signs and symptoms go away four days following the start of their menstrual cycle. Various treatment options are available in the literature to effectively manage these issues through Pharmacotherapies. All these interventions are reported to have beneficial effect for these problems. In this study the effects of aerobic exercises and Yoga on premenstrual syndrome population will be analyzed. This study will be a randomized clinical trial which will incorporate two different interventions. Aerobic exercises and yoga would be administered to the females. 32 patients will randomly divided into two groups. Assessment will be done by using PMS scale and visual analogue scale. The goal of this study to compare the effects of aerobic exercises and yoga on premenstrual syndrome. Subjects meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria will be divided into two groups. 1stgroup will be treated with aerobic exercise. 2nd group will be treated with yoga movements. The pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale) and PMS Scale will be measured before, at the end of 15 days, and after 1 month of treatment program. Recorded values will be analyzed for any change using SPSS25.

Official Title
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Comparative Effects of Aerobic Exercises and Yoga on Pain and Symptoms Severity in Premenstrual Syndrome

Conditions
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Premenstrual Syndrome, Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Aerobic exercise
* Other: Yoga Exercises


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria Age between 16 and 45 years No history of any mental and physical diseases No history of joint, motion, muscle, and bone diseases that reduce their abilities of exercise Not on any medication and mineral supplements during three menstrual cycles Having regular menstrual cycles 24 to 35 days No incidents such as relatives' death, marriage, or any medical emergency in the last 3 months Exclusion Criteria Not able to tolerate physical exercise Any history of gynecological surgery Professional athletes Chronic disease: diabetes, hypertension, cardiac disease, infectious disease Irregular and infrequent menstrual cycle Using intrauterine devices and hormonal therapy Pregnant Females

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 16 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Aerobic exercises<br>Group A will receive aerobic exercises. Treatment will be given 3 times a week for 1 month. Total number of sessions will be 12 | Other: Aerobic exercise<br>* Group A will receive aerobic exercise in the form of warm up and cool down (both for 5 min) Treadmill (30 min) based on Target Heart Rate (calculated using Karvina formula at 60%-70% of heart rate reserve). Treatment will be given 3 times a week for 1 month<br>|
| Active Comparator: Yoga exercises<br>Group B will receive yoga. Treatment will be given for 40 min, 3 times a week for 1 month. Total number of sessions will be 12 | Other: Yoga Exercises<br>* Group B will receive yoga movements for 40 min, 3 times a week for 1 month. They will be given yoga movements, including 10 min of Kapalbharti Pranayama which includes automatic inhalation with short and forceful exhalations. 20 min of yoga movements (Cat-cow pose, Child's pose, Plank pose, Cobra pose - each for 5 min). 10 min of meditation/relaxation in Savasana pose<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analog Scale | Operationally a VAS is usually a horizontal line, 100 mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end, as illustrated. The patient marks on the line the point that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks | 4 weeks | 
| PMS Scale(premenstrual syndrome scale) | Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PSS) was used based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III (DSM-III) and IV (revised)(DSM IV-R) for the evaluation of PMS. The scale consists of 44 items, 5 of which are Likert type. The scores range between 44 and 220 and those with a score of 133 and above are considered to have PMS | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Aerobic exercises, Menstruation, Premenstrual syndrome, Visual analogue scale, Yoga