Impact of Maternal Mental Health on the Oral Health Status and Oral Health-related Quality of Life of Their Children

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Dental caries is a complex multifactorial disease that is strongly related to and influenced by the children's dietary habits, sugar intake, salivary flow, salivary fluoride level, and preventive behaviors. Based on the literature, other factors can affect child dental caries including the influence of social factors, such as the family environment. To avoid suffering from dental caries, preventive oral hygiene practices beginning in childhood are crucial. However, parents are the primary providers of oral health care for their children and they generally play a pivotal role in the overall health and oral health of both children and adolescents. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of maternal mental health in the form of depression, anxiety, or stress and their perceived social support on the oral health status and OHRQoL of their children.

Official Title
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Impact of Maternal Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Perceived Social Support on the Oral Health Status and Oral Health-related Quality of Life of Their Children

Conditions
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Mental Health Disorder, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Interview-based questionnaires & Clinical examination


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Egyptian mothers. Preschool children of both sexes aged (3-5 years who have a full set of primary dentition). Healthy children with no long-term medications, and with no physical, learning, or mental disabilities. Exclusion Criteria: Mothers who do not consent to participate in the study (either for themselves or for their children) Mothers with any diagnosed mental disorders. Pregnant mothers or mothers who delivered within the last year. Mothers with any diagnosed physical disabilities.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Egyptian mothers-children pairs<br>Egyptian mothers-children pairs attending the Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University will be recruited. | Diagnostic Test: Interview-based questionnaires & Clinical examination<br>* Interview-based questionnaires will be conducted among Egyptian mothers attending Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health outpatient clinic at Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University by the principal investigator. Clinical examination of the oral health status of their preschool children aged 3-5 years will be conducted by the principal investigator.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The presence of maternal mental issue in the form of depression, anxiety, or stress | The mental health of Egyptian mothers is assessed through the validated Arabic form of the depression anxiety stress scale-21 (DASS-21). | 1 year | 
| The caries experience of their children (aged 3-5 years) | Dental caries experience is estimated by calculating the three components (decayed, missed, and filled) of the dmft index for primary teeth according to World Health Organization (WHO). | 1 year | 
| The oral hygiene status of their children (aged 3-5 years) | Oral hygiene is assessed by the debris component of the modified form of Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) that can be used for deciduous teeth. | 1 year | 
| Oral health-related quality of life of their children | A validated Arabic version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is used to examine mothers' perceptions of their preschool children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). | 1 year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The perceived social support of Egyptian mothers | The perceived social support of Egyptian mothers is assessed by the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (Arabic- MSPSS). | 1 year | 
| The oral health-related behaviors of their children | Egyptian mothers are asked five questions about their children's snacking habit, frequency of tooth brushing, brushing with or without adult assistance, and dental visit utilization and pattern. These questions were adopted from previous similar studies in English and then were translated into Arabic. | 1 year | 
| The perception of Egyptian mothers about the dental health status of their children | Participants are asked to rate the dental health status of their children on a 5-point scale from 'very good' to 'very poor'. | 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Mental Health, Social support, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life