The Effect of Smartphone Addiction and Mental Fatigue on Working Memory in University Students

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of smartphone addiction and mental fatigue on working memory in university students.

Detailed Description
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University students who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be informed about the study and the participants who agree to participate in the study will be given the Turkish version of Smartphone Addiction Scale, ''Mental Fatigue Scale'' and Working Memory Questionnaire tests, respectively. 120 university students will included in the study. To evaluate between correlation of tests will used to correlation analysis tests. In addition, it will be investigated whether there is a difference between 1.2.3 and 4th grades in terms of Smartphone Addiction, Mental Fatigue Scale and Working Memory Questionnaire

Official Title
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The Effect of Smartphone Addiction and Mental Fatigue on Working Memory in University Students

Conditions
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Smartphone Addiction, Mental Fatigue

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Being a university student Be between the ages of 18-25 Using a smartphone for at least one hour a day Exclusion Criteria: Having musculoskeletal pain Having had surgery in the last 6 months Decline to participate in the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 25 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Working Memory Questionnaire | The Working Memory Questionnaire (WMQ) is a self-administered scale proposed by Vallat-Azouvi. It assesses the three different working memory domains (memory storage, attention, and executive functions). It consists of 30 questions, each scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). The total score varies between 0 and 120. Higher scores represent more memory difficulties/complaints. | Baseline (First assessment) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Smartphone Addicition Scale-Short Version | This instrument to examine smartphone addiction was developed by Kwon et al. This scale consisted of six factors with ten items each, rated using the six-point Likert scale (1: strongly disagree, 2: disagree, 3: weakly disagree, 4: weakly agree, 5: agree, and 6: strongly agree). | Baseline (First assessment) | 
| Mental Fatigue Scale | The Mental Fatigue Scale (MFS) is a 15-item questionnaire that specifically evaluates mental fatigue. It includes affective, cognitive and sensory symptoms, duration of sleep and daytime variation in symptom severity. It has a 7-point Likert-type scale and is scored between 0 and 3. A rating of 0 indicates normal function, 1 slight problem, 2 significant problems and 3 maximum problems. There are also items such as 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 for marking when individuals fall between 2 items (0.5, 1.5, 2.5). The total score of the scale is obtained by summing the scores of the first 14 questions. The last question is evaluated as yes or no. The scores range from 0 to 42 and 0-10 indicates no mental fatigue problem, 10.5-14.5 indicates slight mental fatigue, 15-20 indicates fairly serious mental fatigue, and ≥ 20.5 indicates serious mental fatigue | Baseline (First assessment) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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working memory, mental fatigue, smartphone addiction