Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation on Married Women.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To assess psychiatric, social and sexual consequences of female genital mutilation on married women.

Detailed Description
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World Health Organization (WHO) defined female genital mutilation (FGM) as ''all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. Many countries throughout the globe perform it: Western, Eastern, and North-Eastern Africa, particularly Egypt and Ethiopia, and in parts of Asia and the Middle East (nearly half of its cases are in Egypt and Ethiopia). Moreover, the prevalence of girls and women with FGM/C is also rising in Western countries due to migration flows. The adverse physical consequences of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) have been thoroughly investigated and documented. Yet, we know little about the adverse mental health consequences of the practice. Also, few systematic reviews have addressed the impact of the practice on psycho-social well-being, and there is limited understanding of what these consequences might consist. Throughout Egypt, many studies have been conducted to determine the pattern and prevalence of FGM, but those studied the risks of FGM and its effect on women's sexual life are scare.

Official Title
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Psychiatric, Social and Sexual Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation on Married Women

Conditions
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Female Genital Mutilation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS)
* Other: Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS)
* Other: Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI)
* Other: Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory (MMPI)
* Other: The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R)
* Other: Socioeconomic scale (A.El Gilany, A.El Wehady and M.El Wasify)
* Other: The female sexual function index (FSFI)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Married females aged 18-50 years. Exclusion Criteria: Women who have any chronic disease as diabetes or hypertension. Women who have any physical or mental handicap. Women who have any psychiatric disorder prior to marriage. Women who refuse participation in the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Married women who had female genital mutilation<br> | Other: Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS)<br>* Hamilton depression scale (HDRS) is the most commonly used instrument for assessing symptoms of depression.<br>Other: Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS)<br>* Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) is a 14-item clinician-rated measure of the severity of perceived anxiety symptoms.<br>Other: Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI)<br>* The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was designed as a brief structured diagnostic interview for the major psychiatric disorders in DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and DSM-5 and ICD-10.<br>Other: Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory (MMPI)<br>* The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is used to assess personality traits and psychopathology.<br>Other: The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R)<br>* The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R) is a widely used psychological status symptom inventory.<br>Other: Socioeconomic scale (A.El Gilany, A.El Wehady and M.El Wasify)<br>* An Arabic version of the socioeconomic scale consisted of four dimensions, namely, level of education, employment, total family monthly income, and lifestyle of the family.<br>Other: The female sexual function index (FSFI)<br>* The female sexual function index is a brief multidimensional scale for assessing sexual function in women.<br>|
| Married women who didn't have female genital mutilation<br> | Other: Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS)<br>* Hamilton depression scale (HDRS) is the most commonly used instrument for assessing symptoms of depression.<br>Other: Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS)<br>* Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) is a 14-item clinician-rated measure of the severity of perceived anxiety symptoms.<br>Other: Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI)<br>* The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was designed as a brief structured diagnostic interview for the major psychiatric disorders in DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and DSM-5 and ICD-10.<br>Other: Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory (MMPI)<br>* The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is used to assess personality traits and psychopathology.<br>Other: The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R)<br>* The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R) is a widely used psychological status symptom inventory.<br>Other: Socioeconomic scale (A.El Gilany, A.El Wehady and M.El Wasify)<br>* An Arabic version of the socioeconomic scale consisted of four dimensions, namely, level of education, employment, total family monthly income, and lifestyle of the family.<br>Other: The female sexual function index (FSFI)<br>* The female sexual function index is a brief multidimensional scale for assessing sexual function in women.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) | To determine severity of anxiety. | From 10 to 15 minutes | 
| Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) | To determine severity of anxiety. | From 10 to 15 minutes | 
| Screening for psychiatric symptoms. | Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI) | From 20 to 30 minutes | 
| Screening for psychiatric symptoms. | Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory (MMPI) | From 45 to 60 minutes | 
| Determination of socioeconomic class of the family. | Family socioeconomic status scale (revised version 2019) | From 15 to 20 minutes | 
| Screening for female sexual dysfunction. | The female sexual function index (FSFI) | From 15 to 20 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Psychiatric, Social, Sexual, Married