Balance, Walking Speed, Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Strength and Quality of Life in Falling and Non-falling Individuals With COPD

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A descriptive study evaluating balance, gait speed, Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength and quality of life in individuals with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who fell and did not fall.

Detailed Description
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Falls in the elderly can have devastating consequences. The ability to maintain stability and balance is critical for functional independence, mobility, and avoidance of falls in activities of daily living. An impaired balance is associated with an increased risk of falls and causes a higher mortality rate among older adults. Balance impairment is independently associated with falls in patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Well-known risk factors for falls in individuals with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease include advanced age, increased comorbidities, dyspnea, physical inactivity, muscle weakness, fear and decreased balance confidence, as well as lower extremity muscle weakness. It has been reported that there are functional deficiencies, lack of performance and postural control. According to the results of a recent study, it was found that Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is in the second place after osteoarthritis in chronic conditions where the prevalence of falls is highest. The prevalence of falls in individuals with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is estimated to range from 25% to 46%.

Official Title
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Balance, Walking Speed, Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Strength and Quality of Life in Falling and Non-falling Individuals With COPD

Conditions
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Copd

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Changed Medical research Council,Mini Mental Test, Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength measurement,2 min walking test, fall effectiveness scale,Fall risk self-assessment scale


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Being diagnosed with COPD according to criteria Not having had an attack in the last 2 months Volunteering to participate in the study Being 65 years or older Not having any mental or communication problems that prevent filling out the surveys to be used in the research. Exclusion Criteria: Having unstable COPD Unstable angina, previous Myocardial Infarction, uncontrolled hypertension, cancer, neurological or musculoskeletal diseases with functional limitations Being currently addicted to alcohol or drugs Being in the process of COPD exacerbation Having severe vision and hearing problems Having severe cognitive impairment Having had major surgery in the last few months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 84 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Individuals with COPD over the age of 65 with a history of falls<br>Individuals with COPD who were over the age of 65 and had a history of falling were included in this group. | Other: Changed Medical research Council,Mini Mental Test, Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength measurement,2 min walking test, fall effectiveness scale,Fall risk self-assessment scale<br>* All individuals were given a respiratory function test to evaluate respiratory functions before and after training Modified Medical research Council to evaluate dyspnea, Mini Mental Test to evaluate cognitive status , Berg Balance Test to evaluate balance, 2-minute walk test to evaluate walking speed. A hand dynamometer will be used to measure QuadricepsFemoris muscle strength, Fall efficiency scale Fall risk self-assessment scale will be used to evaluate falls.<br>|
| Individuals with COPD who are over the age of 65 and have no history of falling<br>Individuals with COPD who were over the age of 65 and did not have a history of falling were included in this group. | Other: Changed Medical research Council,Mini Mental Test, Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength measurement,2 min walking test, fall effectiveness scale,Fall risk self-assessment scale<br>* All individuals were given a respiratory function test to evaluate respiratory functions before and after training Modified Medical research Council to evaluate dyspnea, Mini Mental Test to evaluate cognitive status , Berg Balance Test to evaluate balance, 2-minute walk test to evaluate walking speed. A hand dynamometer will be used to measure QuadricepsFemoris muscle strength, Fall efficiency scale Fall risk self-assessment scale will be used to evaluate falls.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fall Effectiveness Scale | It contains 10 questions. Each question is given a score between 1-10. 1 point means very confident, 10 points means not at all confident. A patient with a score above 70 is said to have a fear of falling. | 15.04.2023-30.09.2024 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To measure balance Berg Balance Scala | To assess balance. The highest score is 56, scores between 0-20 indicate that the balance is disrupted, 21-41 indicates that the balance is acceptable, and 41-56 indicates that the balance is good. | 15.04.2023-30.09.2024 | 
| Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength falling and non-falling individuals with COPD | We measure the strength of the muscle by applying pressure from the knee with the help of a hand dynamometer. | 15.04.2023-30.09.2024 | 
| Two Minute Walk Test | The patient walks the longest distance he can in 2 minutes and the value is recorded in meters. The aim is to measure the patient's functional capacity. | 15.04.2023-30.09.2024 |