Tislelizumab Plus TKI as Adjuvant Therapy Versus Active Surveillance in Patients With HCC

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Background: Ablation is important radical treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the 5-year recurrence rate of HCC after ablation is up to 80%. Early and late recurrences are more likely related to tumor size, tumor multiplicity, vascular invasion, higher serum AFP level and disease etiology, etc. Some studies suggested that adjuvant immunotherapy might be associated with decreased recurrence and prolonged RFS. Adjuvant atezolizumab + bevacizumab (IMbrave 050) showed RFS improvement following curative resection or ablation. Currently, there is limited study on immunotherapy combined with TKI as postoperative adjuvant therapy for HCC. This is an open-label, prospective cohort study to compare the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) as adjuvant therapy versus active surveillance in HCC patients with high risk of recurrence after curative ablation.

Official Title
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Tislelizumab Plus Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) as Adjuvant Therapy Versus Active Surveillance in Patients With HCC at High Risk of Recurrence After Curative Ablation: A Prospective Cohort Study

Conditions
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Liver Neoplasms

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Tislelizumab plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Eligible patients are ≥18 years, diagnosed with HCC confirmed by histopathology or cytology, with no prior targeted or immune checkpoint therapy for HCC, and have undergone curative ablation with no residual lesions according to imaging or pathological assessment. Patients are at high risk of recurrence meeting one of the following criteria: solitary tumor >2cm but ≤5cm, or multiple tumors ≤4tumors and all≤5cm； poor tumor differentiation； macrovascular invasion of the portal vein(Vp1/Vp2) ； the absence or infiltration of a tumor capsule ； AFP≥32ng/ml； HBV DNA ≥105IU/ml； history of recurrence after curative treatment； family history of tumors. Exclusion Criteria: Concurrent with other primary malignant tumors; severe coagulation dysfunction or severe thrombocytopenic purpura; There is serious infection or organ failure; have previously received targeted drugs or other PD-1 antibody therapy;

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Tislelizumab combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment group<br> | Drug: Tislelizumab plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor<br>* Lenvatinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs)<br>|
| No Intervention: No-intervention group<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tumor recurrence rate (DRR) | Thoracic and abdominal enhanced MRI/CT and abdominal B-ultrasonography were performed before radical treatment, thoracic and abdominal enhanced MRI/CT and abdominal B-ultrasonography were performed after adjuvant treatment, and then thoracic and abdominal enhanced MRI/CT and abdominal B-ultrasonography were performed every 12 weeks. Tumor changes were evaluated by imaging. In addition, we will evaluate adverse events and death events: classify and grade adverse events, record the time and cause of death of patients. Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0. | 52 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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HCC, Liver Cancer