Pivotal Influence of Obesity on Body Composition and Ovarian Doppler in Different Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Phenotypes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study aimed to explore the impact of obesity on both body composition and ovarian Doppler parameters across various phenotypes of females diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Additionally, the investigation seeked to establish correlations between these parameters and their prevalence concerning the clinical criteria of PCOS.

Detailed Description
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and multifactorial condition characterized by endocrinological, reproductive, metabolic, and biochemical abnormalities, affecting 12% to 21% of reproductive-aged females. It has emerged as a significant global public health concern. However, variations in diagnostic criteria and patient selection have led to considerable discrepancies in the absolute prevalence of PCOS and its temporal trends. Previous studies have examined ovarian volume and blood flow indices in both obese and non-obese females with PCOS, albeit employing different criteria for obesity classification. Notably, none have compared these parameters across normal weight, overweight, and obese PCOS females. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the impact of obesity on body composition and ovarian Doppler parameters within distinct PCOS phenotypes. An additional objective is to assess correlations between anthropometric, body composition, and ovarian Doppler parameters and the prevalence of PCOS symptoms.

Official Title
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The Pivotal Influence of Obesity on Body Composition and Ovarian Doppler in Different Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Phenotypes: An Observational Study

Conditions
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Evaluation of Phenotypes of PCOS, Anthropometric parameters, Body composition parameters, and Ovarian Doppler parameters


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age ranged from 18 to 40 years old. Individuals with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) should exhibit at least two of the three features outlined in the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosis, encompassing oligo- or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical indications of hyperandrogenism, and the presence of polycystic ovaries as identified through ultrasonography. Exclusion Criteria: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Thyroid dysfunction Hyperprolactinemia Androgen-secreting tumors Cushing syndrome Undergoing any medical therapy for the treatment of PCOS or for weight loss.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Normal Weight group<br>Their BMI ranged from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2. | Other: Evaluation of Phenotypes of PCOS, Anthropometric parameters, Body composition parameters, and Ovarian Doppler parameters<br>* Evaluation through PCOS Phenotypes, measurements of Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and Sonographic examination.<br>|
| Overweight group<br>Their BMI ranged from 25 to 29.9 kg/m2. | Other: Evaluation of Phenotypes of PCOS, Anthropometric parameters, Body composition parameters, and Ovarian Doppler parameters<br>* Evaluation through PCOS Phenotypes, measurements of Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and Sonographic examination.<br>|
| Obese group<br>Their BMI was ≥ 30 kg/m2. | Other: Evaluation of Phenotypes of PCOS, Anthropometric parameters, Body composition parameters, and Ovarian Doppler parameters<br>* Evaluation through PCOS Phenotypes, measurements of Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and Sonographic examination.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Phenotypes of PCOS | The patients were categorized into four distinct phenotypes: Type I, characterized by oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea and hyperandrogenism (O+H); Type II, exhibiting polycystic ovaries and hyperandrogenism (P+H); Type III, featuring oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea and polycystic ovaries (O+P); and Type IV, presenting with oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism (O+P+H). | 4 months | 
| Body mass index (BMI) | The height and weight were determined for each female in the three groups to calculate her BMI = (weight in kg)/(height in m2) | 4 months | 
| Waist hip ratio (WHR) | The waist and hip circumferences were taken for each female in the three groups for calculating waist and hip ratio (WHR) by dividing waist circumference (WC) on the hip circumference (HC). | 4 months | 
| Total and regional fat mass | They were measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. | 4 months | 
| Total and regional lean mass | They were measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. | 4 months | 
| Ovarian volume | The ovarian volume was computed utilizing the ellipsoid formula, which involves multiplying the dimensions of length, width, and height by a constant factor of 0.523. | 4 months | 
| Peak systolic velocity (PSV) | It was recorded for each female in the three groups by Color Doppler ultrasound. | 4 months | 
| End diastolic velocity (EDV) | It was recorded for each female in the three groups by Color Doppler ultrasound. | 4 months | 
| Resistive index (RI) | The Resistance Index (RI) was determined by dividing the difference between Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) and End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) by PSV. A lower value of RI is indicative of increased blood flow | 4 months | 
| Pulsatility index (PI) | The Pulsatility Index (PI) was calculated by dividing the difference between Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) and End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) by the mean maximum flow velocity. A reduced PI value is indicative of heightened blood flow. | 4 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Obesity, Body composition, Ovarian Doppler