Behavioral and Neuronal Correlates of Human Mood States

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Optimizing treatments in mental health requires an easy to obtain, continuous, and objective measure of internal mood. Unfortunately, current standard-of-care clinical scales are sparsely sampled, subject to recency bias, underutilized, and are not validated for acute mood monitoring. The recent shift to remote care also requires novel methods to measure internal mood. Recent advances in computer vision have allowed the accurate quantification of observable speech patterns and facial representations. The continuous and objective nature of these audio-facial behavioral outputs also enable the study of their neural correlates. Here, the investigators hypothesize that video-derived audio-facial behaviors have discrete neural representations in the limbic network and can provide a critical set of reliable longitudinal estimates of mood at low cost across home and clinic settings.

Official Title
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Behavioral and Neuronal Correlates of Human Mood States

Conditions
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Major Depressive Disorder, Epilepsy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Intracranial electrodes


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age range between 18 and 65 Major depressive disorder (MDD) in a current major depressive episode diagnosed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) No medical or surgical contraindication to electrode implantation Patient capable of understanding the scope of our project or signing informed consent independently. Exclusion Criteria: Diffuse epilepsy involving several lobes of the brain

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Active Direct electrical stimulation (DES)<br>Intracranial electrodes will be used for the delivery of invasive brain stimulation. | Device: Intracranial electrodes<br>* Surgically-implanted intracranial electrodes.<br>|
| Sham Comparator: Sham Direct electrical stimulation (DES)<br>Intracranial electrodes will be used for the delivery of invasive brain stimulation. | Device: Intracranial electrodes<br>* Surgically-implanted intracranial electrodes.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Quantitative Audio-Facial Change | Quantitative percent change in each audio-facial feature before and after direct electrical stimulation at each site. | 5 minutes | 
| Quantitative Mood Change | Quantitative percent change in Immediate Mood Scaler (IMS) after direct electrical stimulation at each site compared to a baseline period before sham. | 5 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correlation between Audio-Facial and Mood Change | Quantitative audio facial changes will be compared to quantitative changes in mood at each site by means of correlation and binary comparisons. | 5 minutes | 
| Qualitative Mood Change | Qualitative articulation of mood (participants freely articulate mood after direct electrical stimulation at each site) and speech transcripts will be analyzed for ratio of positive and negative valence words. | 5 minutes |