Prevalence of Tongue Anomalies in Egyptian Children

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of tongue anomalies in a group of Egyptian children and to relate the presence of malocclusion in cases of macroglossia, tongue tie and microglossia.

Detailed Description
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The tongue is an important and accessible muscle in the oral cavity, it has many functions which includes speech, chewing, swallowing, sucking, control of breathing, growth and developments of the jaws and perception to pain. Also, many systemic disorders and diseases affect the tongue which makes it a great reflector of the general health. Tongue anomalies has different frequencies and prevalence between different countries, these differences may be due to geographic, ethnic, gender and age variability, for example a study in Iran in 2003 found that the prevalence of tongue anomalies 34.3%, while another study in Colombia in 2013 found that the prevalence of tongue anomalies on their study population was 79.9%. The knowledge of the prevalence of tongue anomalies among Egyptian children is missing in the literature which could compromise the quality of dental care, increase the occurrence of orthodontic problems and decrease the chances of early detection of some systemic diseases, since tongue anomalies could help in early determination of some systemic diseases in cases of fissured tongue and geographic tongue as well as early prevention and early intervention of malocclusions and speech defects that might be caused in cases of microglossia, macroglossia and ankyloglossia. Hence, the knowledge of prevalence of tongue anomalies among Egyptian children can aid in setting a reference which will then help in public health planning and prevention policies.

Official Title
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Prevalence of Tongue Anomalies Among Group of Egyptian Children: a Cross-sectional Study

Conditions
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Tongue; Anomaly

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: no intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participants' age between 6-12 years. Co-operative child Positive participants' acceptance for participation in the study. Participants having responsible care giver answered by approval on the previously sent informed consent which describes the aim & importance of the study Exclusion Criteria: Patients with history of significant medical conditions Participants undertaken anti-fungal drugs in the previous 12 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: no intervention|observational study, all data collected are binary|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| prevalence of tongue anomalies | studying the prevalence of tongue anomalies among Egyptian children between 6 to 12 years old | 1 month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| macroglossia, microglossia and ankyloglossia effect on occlusion | detecting the presence or absence of malocclusion in cases of three types of tongue anomalies (ankyloglossia, macroglossia and microglossia) | 1 month | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ankyloglossia, Tongue anomalies, Fissured tongue, Geographic tongue, macroglossia