Prediction of Clinical Outcome in Axillary Block

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The primary endpoint of this study was to identify that Perfusion index (PI) has any predictive value for the treatment outcome of cervical radiculopathy

Detailed Description
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The interscalene brachial plexus block is an effective intervention for reducing postoperative pain but is related to side effects, Suprascapular nerve block and a block of the axillary nerve have been introduced as alternatives to the interscalene brachial plexus for the control of postoperative pain. Previous study demonstrated new method of axillary block using interfascial plane injection guided by ultrasoud. Axillary block has been used widely for the relief of postoperative arm pain. Recent study deomonstrated good pain relief when ultrasound guided fascial plane injection was performed in patients with cervical radiuculopathy. The perfusion index (PI) is a numerical value for the ratio between pulsatile and non-pulsatile blood flow measured by a special pulse oximeter. Although the special probe for PI measurement is relatively more expensive compared with ordinary pulse oximetery probes, its benefit as a marker of peripheral perfusion and as an idex for sympathetic stimulation have increased its use progressively. PI has been used widely for the prediction of success of brachial plexus block or axillary block. Changes of PI ratio value showed an excellent predictive value for the success of block. There have been no studies demonstrating any predictive value of PI in axillary block for the relief of cervical radiulopathy

Official Title
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Perfusion Index Value in Predicting the Clinical Outcome of Axillary Block

Conditions
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Pain, Chronic

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: axillary block using 5 ml local anesthetics


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Cervical foraminal stenosis Cervical central stenosis Cervical disc herniation Cervical spondylolisthesis Exclusion Criteria: Infection pregnancy allergy to local anesthetic agents previous cervical spine surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: axillary block using 5 ml local anesthetics|ultrasoud guided axillary block|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Perfusion index changes among 4 time periods | Perfusion index changes among 4 time periods | baseline, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes after axillary block | 
| Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction more than 50% | Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction more than 50% | 1 month after axillary block | 
| Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction less than 50% | Number of patients showing numerical rating scale reduction less than 50% | 1 month after axillary block | 
| Number of patients showing no reduction in numerical rating scale | Number of patients showing no reduction in numerical rating scale | 1 month after axillary block | 
| Neck disability index changes between 2 time periods | Neck disability index changes between 2 time periods | baseline, 1 month after axillary block |