Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Pediatric Emergence Delirium

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aimed to investigate whether the association between the preoperative anxiety level and emergence delirium involves EEG frontal alpha asymmetry in pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia. The investigators hypothesized that EEG frontal alpha asymmetry contributes a significant portion of the preoperative anxiety - emergence delirium association in pediatric patients. Mediation analysis will be performed to estimate the relationships between preoperative anxiety of children (modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS)), EEG frontal alpha asymmetry, and emergence delirium (Pediatric Assessment of Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale).

Official Title
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Mediation Role of Perioperative Electroencephalogram Frontal Alpha Asymmetry to Pediatric Emergence Delirium

Conditions
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Emergence Delirium

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Ophthalmic surgery
* Procedure: General anesthesia


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children aged 2-8 year Children with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-II Children who are scheduled to undergo elective ophthalmological requiring general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: Emergency surgery Patients with developmental delays Patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases associated with symptoms of agitation, anxiety, attention deficit, sleep disturbances Patients with autism Patients with a recent history (within one month) of receiving general anesthesia Patients with congenital or genetic diseases that may influence brain development

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 2 Years
Maximum Age: 8 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Children with emergence delirium<br>Pediatric patients who develop emergence delirium in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU). Emergence delirium will be assessed using the Pediatric Assessment of Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale every 10 min until PACU discharge. | Procedure: Ophthalmic surgery<br>* Ophthalmic surgery will be performed as standard practice of our institution.<br>Procedure: General anesthesia<br>* General anesthesia will be performed as standard practice of our institution.<br>|
| Children without emergence delirium<br>Pediatric patients who do not develop emergence delirium in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU). Emergence delirium will be assessed using the Pediatric Assessment of Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale every 10 min until PACU discharge. | Procedure: Ophthalmic surgery<br>* Ophthalmic surgery will be performed as standard practice of our institution.<br>Procedure: General anesthesia<br>* General anesthesia will be performed as standard practice of our institution.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The peak PAED score | The peak PAED score is the primary outcome variable for mediation analysis | After the completion of surgery, during the PACU stay. PAED score will be measured every 10 minutes during the PACU stay. |