The Effect Of Traınıng On Breastfeedıng Gıven To Fathers On Breastfeedıng, Parent-Baby Bondıng And Breastfeedıng Self-Effıcacy Level

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The most suitable food for babies is breast milk. It is known that breastfeeding, beyond providing nutrition, has many health benefits for the baby and the mother. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that babies start breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth and breastfeed exclusively without any additional food, including water, for the first 6 months. After six months, complementary foods should be started, and the baby should continue to be breastfed for two years or more. On the other hand, between 2015-2020, the rates of infants aged 0-6 months fed with breast milk alone are approximately 44% worldwide. There are many factors that affect the time of initiation of breastfeeding and the duration of breastfeeding. Some of those; maternal education, mode of delivery, birth weight and socio-economic status. Another influential factor is paternal support. Fathers may want to be involved in breastfeeding education and support their spouses in this process. However, the reasons such as not taking part in the trainings and not being asked direct questions about breastfeeding may cause fathers to feel excluded in this process. It is important to include fathers in education and interventions to achieve breastfeeding goals. Mothers who are supported by their spouses during the breastfeeding process experience breastfeeding problems less and can cope with these problems better. Today, it is known that fathers are not given sufficient importance in promoting breastfeeding. Including fathers in breastfeeding education can increase the rate and duration of breastfeeding of infants. This study was planned to determine the effect of breastfeeding education given to mothers and/or fathers in the postnatal period on breastfeeding, parent-infant attachment and breastfeeding self-efficacy. The aim of the study is to draw attention to the importance of father support in breastfeeding.

Official Title
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The Effect Of Traınıng On Breastfeedıng Gıven To Fathers On Breastfeedıng, Parent-Baby Bondıng And Breastfeedıng Self-Effıcacy Level

Conditions
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Breast Feeding

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Provide breastfeeding education


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Parent's consent to participate in the research Parents must be at least primary school graduates Mothers and fathers to participate in the study must be 20 years or older The mother's first pregnancy (primiparous pregnant) Having a smart mobile phone of the mother and father The baby is born at term Exclusion Criteria: Experiencing communication problems with parents (mother and father cannot speak and/or understand Turkish, etc.) Having or developing a health problem in the mother or baby Separation of the mother from her baby for any reason after birth

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Before starting the research, parents will be informed about the study and written consent will be obtained from those who agree to participate in the research. There are 3 groups in the study. These; Experimental Group 1: The group in which breastfeeding training was given to mothers and fathers Experimental Group 2: The group in which breastfeeding training was given only to the mother Control Group: The group that did not receive any intervention and received routine hospital care. Within the first 24 hours after birth, everyone participating in the research will be contacted and the relevant forms will be filled in and breastfeeding training will be given to experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 by the researcher. Then, families will be called in the 1st week, 1st month and 3rd month by phone and the relevant forms will be filled. Families' questions about breastfeeding will be answered.
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental Group 1: The group in which breastfeeding training was given to mothers and fathers<br>Face-to-face theoretical breastfeeding training and then practical training (breastfeeding techniques, burping, changing diapers, milking by hand or pump, etc.) will be given by the researcher to the mothers and fathers. This training is planned to take 30-45 minutes. Then, an additional 15-30 minutes of father-supported breastfeeding training will be given to fathers. At the end of the training, the Breastfeeding Booklet prepared by the researchers will be given to the parents. | Behavioral: Provide breastfeeding education<br>* Providing breastfeeding education within the first 24 hours after birth<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental Group 2: The group in which breastfeeding training was given only to the mother<br>Only mothers will receive face-to-face theoretical breastfeeding training followed by practical training (breastfeeding techniques, flatulence, changing diapers, milking by hand or pump, etc.). This training is planned to take 30-45 minutes. At the end of the training, mothers will be given a Breastfeeding Booklet prepared by the researchers. | Behavioral: Provide breastfeeding education<br>* Providing breastfeeding education within the first 24 hours after birth<br>|
| No Intervention: Control Group: No intervention was made, group receiving routine hospital care)<br>No additional training will be given to this group by the researcher, apart from the trainings included in the routine procedures of the hospital. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-short form | The short version of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale consisted of a total of 14 items evaluating breastfeeding self-efficacy. The scale is in a 5-point Likert type and is evaluated as 1 = I am not sure at all, 5 = I am always sure. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 14, and the maximum is 70. | 3 months | 
| Mother to Infant Bonding Scale | Mother to Infant Bonding Scale is a measurement tool that can be applied from the first day after birth and allows the mother to express her feelings towards her baby in a single word. The lowest total score that can be obtained from the scale is 0 and the highest score is 24. | 3 months | 
| Father Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form | This scale is a 14-item questionnaire that assesses a father's confidence in his ability to assist his partner with breastfeeding. The scale is in a 5-point Likert type and is evaluated as 1 = I am not sure at all, 5 = I am always sure. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 14, and the maximum is 70. | 3 months | 
| Paternal -İnfant Attachment Questionnaire | The scale developed to evaluate postnatal father-infant attachment is a 19-item scale. Scale; It consists of three sub-dimensions: 'patience and tolerance', 'pleasure in interaction' and 'love and pride'. Each item of the scale is scored between 1 and 5 points. High scores indicate high attachment. | 3 months | 
| Baby Evaluation Form | The infant evaluation form was created by the researchers in line with the literature. In this form, there are questions about the height, weight and head circumference measurements of the babies, the way of feeding, whether they use pacifiers and bottles. | 3 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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child health, breastfeeding, paternal support