The Effects of Video Training Given to Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of this randomised control type of study is to examine the effects of Video Diabetes Training given to individuals with Type 2 Diabetes through smartphones on self-care and metabolic control. The Hypotheses of the Study: H1: Video Diabetes Training given to individuals with Type 2 Diabetes through smartphones has a positive impact on individuals' self-care. H2: Video Diabetes Training given to individuals with Type 2 Diabetes through smartphones has a positive impact on individuals' metabolic control variables. Participants will answer the data collection tools in the first and second interviews and metabolic control variables will be record. Diabetes training videos will sent to the Training Group through smartphones after the first meeting as two episodes a week. Video Diabetes Training given to training group will be examine the effects of on self-care and metabolic control.

Detailed Description
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The study will conduct to examine the effects of Video Diabetes Training given to individuals with Type 2 Diabetes through smartphones on self-care and metabolic control. This experimental, randomized, and controlled study will conduct with a total of 112 individuals with Type 2 Diabetes (56 in the Training Group, and 56 in the Control Group), who apply to the Internal Medicine Clinic of a state hospital in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey between February and August 2022, who volunteered to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria. A total of 112 individuals with Type 2 Diabetes, who volunteered to participate in the study, and met the inclusion criteria, will select with the Simple Random Sampling Method and will randomize with the help of a computer program. Participants will answer the data collection tools in the first and second interviews and metabolic control variables will be record. Diabetes training videos will sent to the Training Group through smartphones after the first meeting as two episodes a week. Video Diabetes Training given to training group will be examine the effects of on self-care and metabolic control.

Official Title
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The Effects of Video Training Given to Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Through Smartphones on Self-Care and Metabolic Control

Conditions
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Training

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Video Training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: agreed to participate in the study voluntarily, were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes for at least 6 months, were 18 years of age or older, were literate, had smartphones with video playback features and internet, without a physician diagnosis that would prevent communication, and psychiatric problems and hearing problems those who did not have sensory losses such as vision or hearing. Exclusion Criteria: -Individuals who did not meet the inclusion criteria.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Video Diabetes Training group<br>The data collection tools will apply in the first and second interviews and metabolic control variables will record. Diabetes training videos will sent to the Training Group through smartphones after the first meeting as two episodes a week. | Behavioral: Video Training<br>* The participants in the Training Group is to sent a total of eight episodes of the Diabetes Training Videos prepare by the researcher, twice a week, through smartphones after the first interview<br>|
| No Intervention: control group<br>The data collection tools will apply in the first and second interviews and metabolic control variables will record. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Numerical distribution of participants' sociodemographic and diabetes-related characteristics | The sociodemographic and diabetes-related characteristics of the training and control groups. Sociodemographic characteristics; Age, gender, marital status, education level, occupation, income level, smoking and alcohol use were evaluated. Characteristics of diabetes: duration of diabetes, diabetes treatment method, use of other medications, family history of diabetes, frequency of check-ups, hospitalization due to high blood sugar, hospitalization due to hypoglycemia, chronic complications due to diabetes, previous education on diabetes, status other than diabetes the presence of the disease was evaluated. | At the first meeting (initial) | 
| Diabetes Self-Care Scale mean score | The comparison of Diabetes Self-Care Scale pre-test, post-test and change difference values between training and control groups. The lowest acceptable level of the scale is 92 points. The highest score that can be obtained from the scale is 140 points. As the score of the scale increases, patients' self-care activities also increase positively. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Fasting plasma glucose value | Comparison of fasting plasma glucose variables between training and control groups. Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) value was obtained as a result of the participant's routine blood test. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| HbA1c value | Comparison of HbA1c variables between training and control groups. HbA1c (%) value was obtained as a result of the participant's routine blood test. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Total cholesterol value | Comparison of total cholesterol variables between training and control groups. Total cholesterol (mg/dl) value was obtained as a result of the participant's routine blood test. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Low-density lipoprotein value | Comparison of low-density lipoprotein variables between training and control groups. Low density lipoprotein (mg/dl) value was obtained as a result of the participant's routine blood test. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| High-density lipoprotein value | Comparison of high-density lipoprotein variables between training and control groups. High density lipoprotein (mg/dl) value was obtained as a result of the participant's routine blood test. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Triglyceride value | Comparison of triglyceride variables between training and control groups. Triglyceride (mg/dl) value was obtained as a result of the participant's routine blood test. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Systolic blood pressure value | Comparison of systolic blood pressure (mmHg) variables between training and control groups. The tools required for blood pressure measurement were provided by the researcher. The same measurement tools were used in the first interview (pretest) and the second interview (posttest). The participant was allowed to rest for at least 5-10 minutes before the measurement. An aneroid type sphygmomanometer, suitable for adults, was used as a measurement tool. In accordance with the technique recommended in the National Hypertension Treatment and Follow-up Guide, the researcher took measurements twice with an interval of two minutes while the participant was in a sitting position, with his right arm supported at heart level, and the results were recorded by averaging the measurements. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Diastolic blood pressure value | Comparison of diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) variables between training and control groups. The tools required for blood pressure measurement were provided by the researcher. The same measurement tools were used in the first interview (pretest) and the second interview (posttest). The participant was allowed to rest for at least 5-10 minutes before the measurement. An aneroid type sphygmomanometer, suitable for adults, was used as a measurement tool. In accordance with the technique recommended in the National Hypertension Treatment and Follow-up Guide, the researcher took measurements twice with an interval of two minutes while the participant was in a sitting position, with his right arm supported at heart level, and the results were recorded by averaging the measurements. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Body Mass Index value | Comparison of body mass index variables between training and control groups. To calculate the body mass index of the participants, they were measured according to the weight and height technique. Participants' BMI was calculated by dividing their weight by the square of their height [BMI: Weight (kg)/height (m2)]. BMI was evaluated in accordance with WHO recommendations. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 
| Waist circumference value | Comparison of waist circumference variables between training and control groups. Waist circumference measurement was made using the measurement technique recommended by WHO. While the participants were standing, the circumference was measured with a tape measure over their underwear, at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the crista iliaca at the end of expiration. | At the first interview (baseline) and at the second interview 3 months later | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Diabetes training,, Metabolic control variables, Self-care, Type 2 Diabetes, Video training