Investigating the Effects of Krill Oil and Krill Protein on Post-exercise Muscle Protein Metabolism

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the current study is to find out if krill oil can increase muscle building processes in response to resistance (weightlifting) type exercise. Others aim are to determine the effects of krill protein, and the interaction of krill oil and protein, on muscle building processes in response to resistance (weightlifting) type exercise.

Official Title
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Investigating the Effects of Krill Oil and Krill Protein on Post-exercise Muscle Protein Metabolism: a Randomised Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Hypertrophy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Krill oil
* Dietary Supplement: Krill protein
* Dietary Supplement: Vegetable oil
* Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Be 60 years old or older Have a BMI of less than 35kg/m2 Be participating in structured exercise for less than 2h per week Exclusion Criteria: Diabetes Severe cardiovascular disease Seizure disorders, Uncontrolled hypertension (>150/90mmHg at baseline measurement) Cancer or cancer that has been in remission <5 years Ambulatory impairments which would limit ability to perform assessments of muscle function Dementia Taking medication known to affect muscle (e.g., steroids) Have an implanted electronic device (e.g., pacemaker/defibrillator/insulin pump), Anticoagulant therapy Allergies to seafood Regular consumption of more than 1 portion of oily fish per week.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 60 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Parallel 2x2 factorial design
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Vegetable oil + Carbohydrate<br>The vegetable oil will be a placebo control for the Krill oil (4g/day). The carbohydrate will be a placebo control for the Krill protein (20g) | Dietary Supplement: Vegetable oil<br>* This will be the control against the Krill oil<br>Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate<br>* This will be the control for the Krill protein<br>|
| Experimental: Vegetable oil + Krill protein<br>The vegetable oil will be a placebo control for the Krill oil (4g/day). Krill protein will be our active intervention (20g) | Dietary Supplement: Krill protein<br>* Krill protein will be given to the participant following a resistance exercise bout.<br>Dietary Supplement: Vegetable oil<br>* This will be the control against the Krill oil<br>|
| Experimental: Krill oil + Carbohydrate<br>The Krill oil will be the active supplement for the intervention (4g/day). The carbohydrate will be a placebo control for the Krill protein (20g) | Dietary Supplement: Krill oil<br>* Krill oil will be supplemented to see if they can gain strength and/or muscle mass following supplementation.<br>Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate<br>* This will be the control for the Krill protein<br>|
| Experimental: Krill oil + Krill protein<br>Both the Krill oil (4g/day) and the Krill protein will be the active intervention supplements (20g) | Dietary Supplement: Krill oil<br>* Krill oil will be supplemented to see if they can gain strength and/or muscle mass following supplementation.<br>Dietary Supplement: Krill protein<br>* Krill protein will be given to the participant following a resistance exercise bout.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Post-exercise muscle protein synthesis | Muscle protein synthesis measured 3-7h after a single bout of resistance exercise | 3-7 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Muscle thickness | Vastus lateralis muscle thickness measured by ultrasound | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in grip strength | Grip strength measured with a Jamar dynamometer | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in fat mass | Whole body fat mass measured by BIA | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in lean mass | Whole body lean mass measured by BIA | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in muscle strength | Knee extensor muscle strength measured isometrically | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in Chair rise time | Time taken to get up and down from a chair 5 times | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in balance | Ability to stand for 10 seconds in full tandem, semi-tandem and feet together | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Change in gait speed | Time taken to walk 4 metres at a normal walking pace | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 
| Basal muscle protein synthesis | Muscle protein synthesis measured from 0-3h after an overnight fast | 0-3 hours | 
| Change in Erythrocyte fatty acid profile | Erythrocyte fatty acid profile | Change from baseline to 8 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Omega-3, Krill oil, Protein, Exercise