Investigating Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients And Controls With TD-fNIRS

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of the proposed observational, multi-site study is to use fNIRS neurophysiological data recorded during a battery of tasks to detect MCI within a cohort consisting of patients and age-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, the investigators aim to explore whether they can measure the severity of MCI symptoms in the patient population. If successful, this approach enables clinicians to track the disease at its source-the brain; possibly allowing for earlier detection of MCI and its progression, and ultimately more efficient interventions.

Official Title
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IMPACT: Investigating Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients And Controls With TD-fNIRS

Conditions
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Mild Cognitive Impairment

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: fNIRS measurement


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients Must have a diagnosis of MCI (amnesiac or non-amnesiac) as determined by clinician Adults (older adults) between the ages of 55-85 years inclusive at time of enrollment Ability to perform informed consent on their own Fluent in English (speaking and reading) Healthy Controls Adults (older adults) between the ages of 55-85 years inclusive at time of enrollment Ability to perform informed consent on their own Fluent in English (speaking and reading) Exclusion Criteria: Patients Alzheimer's or dementia diagnosis Current substance or alcohol dependence, and/or alcohol or substance abuse as determined by CAGE-AID assessment for drug and alcohol abuse. A score of 2 or higher would result in exclusion. Has uncorrected major visual or auditory deficits that would prevent them from completing a study task Current or recent (in the past 6 months) chemotherapy and/or radiation for any cancer Major medical illnesses and psychiatric conditions (other than MCI) including: Severe/uncontrolled Diabetes, hypertension and hypothyroidism that could pose secondary causes of cognitive decline Parkinson's disease Motor neuron diseases Multiple Sclerosis Brain Tumor Stroke Encephalitis Meningitis Epilepsy TBI with serious results (coma, unconscious for >2 hrs, or skull fracture) Current serious psychiatric conditions (bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or psychosis) Healthy Controls Prior MCI or memory impairment diagnosis First-degree relative with dementia or clinically relevant memory problems Alzheimer's or dementia diagnosis Current substance or alcohol dependence, and/or alcohol or substance abuse as determined by CAGE-AID assessment for drug and alcohol abuse. A score of 2 or higher would result in exclusion. Has uncorrected major visual or auditory deficits that would prevent them from completing a study task Current or recent (in the past 6 months) chemotherapy and/or radiation for any cancer Major medical illnesses and psychiatric conditions including: Severe/uncontrolled Diabetes, hypertension and hypothyroidism that could pose secondary causes of cognitive decline Parkinson's disease Motor neuron diseases Multiple Sclerosis Brain Tumor Stroke Encephalitis Meningitis Epilepsy TBI with serious results (coma, unconscious for >2 hrs, or skull fracture) Current serious psychiatric conditions (bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or psychosis)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 55 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| MCI Patients<br>Adult participants who are seeking neurological assessments for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) at a participating clinic/study site. | Other: fNIRS measurement<br>* Kernel Flow2 measurements.<br>|
| Healthy Controls<br>Healthy participants without a prior MCI or memory impairment diagnosis. | Other: fNIRS measurement<br>* Kernel Flow2 measurements.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Brain hemodynamic activity with TD-fNIRS | This includes changes in the concentration of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin as measured by the change in light absorption. | About 1 hour during the study visit | 
| Optical properties of the brain with TD-fNIRS | This measures how much light is absorbed at different points on the head. | About 1 hour during the study visit | 
| Physiological features with TD-fNIRS | This includes cardiac measures, such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). | About 1 hour during the study visit | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) | Clinician-administered screening tool used to systematically and thoroughly assess mental status through five areas of cognitive function: orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language. Patient cohort only. Scores range between 0-30. A score of 25 or higher is classed as normal. If the score is below 24, the result is usually considered to be abnormal, indicating possible cognitive impairment. | Within 6 months of the study visit | 
| Mini-Cog | A fast and simple screening test to help detect cognitive impairment in its early stages that will be used to confirm normal cognitive function in the control group. Healthy control cohort only. Scores range between 0-5. Participants who score 0-2 are considered to indicate higher likelihood of cognitive impairment. | About 30 minutes during the study visit | 
| Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form) | 15-item self report measure of depression in older adults. Scores range between 0-15. Higher scores indicate high severity of depression. | About 30 minutes during the study visit | 
| General Anxiety Disorder | Seven-item self report measure used to assess participant anxiety. Scores range between 0-21. Higher scores indicate high severity of anxiety. | About 30 minutes during the study visit | 
| Apathy Evaluation Scale | 18-item self-rated measure used to assess and quantify emotional, behavioral, and cognitive aspects of apathy. Scores range between 18-72. Higher scores indicate high severity of apathy. | About 30 minutes during the study visit | 
| Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Activities of Daily Living for Mild Cognitive Impairment (ADCS ADL-MCI) | 15-item self report measure used to assess performance of activities of daily life. Scores range between 0-45. Higher scores indicate declining cognition. | About 30 minutes during the study visit | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), Aging