The Effect of Mindfulness Meditation and Virtual Reality on Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this study, it is aimed to compare the effects of short-term mindfulness meditation based on Human Caring Theory and virtual reality on patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Detailed Description
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Anxiety, fear and sleep disorders are frequently encountered conditions in preoperative patient evaluation. Common postoperative problems include pain, sleep disturbances, nausea and vomiting. When these problems are not dealt with effectively, patient comfort and satisfaction are adversely affected, recovery time after surgery and total hospital stay are prolonged, and the time allocated to nursing care increases. Today, it has gained great importance to try to manage these problems with pharmacological and non-pharmacological evidence-based approaches. In particular, nurses need to identify possible problems in both preoperative patient evaluation and postoperative patient follow-up and produce solutions for them. Although it is stated in studies that using easy, effective and safe non-invasive methods such as meditation and virtual reality can reduce the possibility of complications, increase the comfort level of patients, improve the quality of post-surgical recovery, and thus make the surgical process successful, there is no evidence to defend its effectiveness more clearly. more based studies are needed. In this study, it is aimed to compare the effects of short-term mindfulness meditation based on Human Caring Theory and virtual reality on patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Official Title
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Comparison of the Effects of Theory of Human Caring Based Short-term Mindfulness Meditation and Virtual Reality on Patients Scheduled for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Conditions
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Gall Bladder Disease, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Mindfulness meditation and virtual reality


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 18 years old and over, To undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation, No orientation problem, Volunteering to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Conversion from laparoscopic approach to open cholecystectomy in the operating room, Complications that may affect participation in the study, Taking the patient to the intensive care unit after surgery, Refusal to participate in the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Interventions will be applied to meditation and virtual reality groups twice before and after surgery.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental group (meditation)<br>Meditation will be applied to the patients in the meditation group for 10 minutes in the evening and morning of the operation in the preoperative period, and at the 2nd and 12th hours in the postoperative period. In the preoperative period, the patients were evaluated by using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Surgery-Specific Anxiety Scale, the Surgical Fear Scale, the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Recovery Quality-15 Scale and in the postoperative period, the patients were evaluated by using the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale, Nausea Numerical Scale, Numerical Rating Scale, Recovery Quality-15 Scale and Watson Caritas Patient Score. In addition, data will be collected using the Patient Follow-up Form (Experimental Group) both before and after the interventions. | Behavioral: Mindfulness meditation and virtual reality<br>* Mindfulness meditation and virtual reality<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental group (virtual reality)<br>Virtual reality will be applied to the patients in the virtual reality group for 10 minutes in the evening and morning of the operation in the preoperative period, and at the 2nd and 12th hours in the postoperative period. In the preoperative period, the patients were evaluated by using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Surgery-Specific Anxiety Scale, the Surgical Fear Scale, the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Recovery Quality-15 Scale and in the postoperative period, the patients were evaluated by using the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale, Nausea Numerical Scale, Numerical Rating Scale, and Recovery Quality-15 Scale. In addition, data will be collected using the Patient Follow-up Form (Experimental Group) both before and after the interventions. | Behavioral: Mindfulness meditation and virtual reality<br>* Mindfulness meditation and virtual reality<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The patients in the control group will not undergo any intervention in the pre- and postoperative period and will receive the routine nursing care of the clinic. In the preoperative period, the patients were evaluated by using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Surgery-Specific Anxiety Scale, the Surgical Fear Scale, the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Recovery Quality-15 Scale and in the postoperative period, the patients were evaluated by using the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale, Nausea Numerical Scale, Numerical Rating Scale, and Recovery Quality-15 Scale. In addition, data will be collected by using the Patient Follow-up Form (Control Group) in the determined periods after the surgery in parallel with the experimental groups. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Meditation practice provides a positive change on the anxiety specific to surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate the anxiety specific to the surgery, the Surgery-Specific Anxiety Scale will be applied twice, before the meditation practice and after the meditation practice, in the preoperative period. | the evening before and the morning of the surgery | 
| Meditation practice provides a positive change in fear of surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate surgical fear, the Surgical Fear Scale will be applied twice, before and after the meditation practice, in the preoperative period. | the evening before and the morning of the surgery | 
| Meditation practice provides a positive change in sleep quality in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate sleep quality, the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale will be applied twice in the preoperative period, before and after the meditation practice, and once at the 24th hour after the meditation practice in the postoperative period. | in the preoperative period, in the evening before the operation and on the morning of the operation, and at the 24th hour in the postoperative period | 
| Meditation practice provides a positive change in nausea in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate nausea, the Nausea Numerical Scale will be applied three times, at the 0th, 2nd and 12th hours before the meditation practice, and twice, at the 6th and 24th hours after the meditation practice, in the postoperative period. | at 0th, 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours postoperatively | 
| Meditation practice provides a positive change in pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate the pain, the Numerical Rating Scale will be applied three times, at the 0th, 2nd and 12th hours before the meditation practice, and twice, at the 6th and 24th hours after the meditation practice, in the postoperative period. | at 0th, 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours postoperatively | 
| Meditation practice provides a positive change on the quality of recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate the recovery quality, the Quality of Recovery-15T Scale will be applied once after the meditation practice in the preoperative period and once at the 24th hour after the meditation practice in the postoperative period. | on the morning of surgery and at 24 hours after surgery | 
| Meditation practice provides a positive change on patient satisfaction in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate patient satisfaction, Watson Caritas Patient Score will be applied once at the 24th hour after the meditation practice in the postoperative period. | at 24 hours after surgery | 
| Virtual reality practice provides a positive change on the anxiety specific to surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate the anxiety specific to the surgery, the Surgery-Specific Anxiety Scale will be applied twice, before the virtual reality practice and after the virtual reality practice, in the preoperative period. | the evening before and the morning of the surgery | 
| Virtual reality practice provides a positive change in fear of surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate surgical fear, the Surgical Fear Scale will be applied twice, before and after the virtual reality practice, in the preoperative period. | the evening before and the morning of the surgery | 
| Virtual reality practice provides a positive change in sleep quality in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate sleep quality, the Richard Campbell Sleep Scale will be applied twice in the preoperative period, before and after the virtual reality practice, and once at the 24th hour after the virtual reality practice in the postoperative period. | in the preoperative period, in the evening before the operation and on the morning of the operation, and at the 24th hour in the postoperative period | 
| Virtual reality practice provides a positive change in nausea in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate nausea, the Nausea Numerical Scale will be applied three times, at the 0th, 2nd and 12th hours before the virtual reality practice, and twice, at the 6th and 24th hours after the virtual reality practice, in the postoperative period. | at 0th, 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours postoperatively | 
| Virtual reality practice provides a positive change in pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate the pain, the Numerical Rating Scale will be applied three times, at the 0th, 2nd and 12th hours before the virtual reality practice, and twice, at the 6th and 24th hours after the virtual reality practice, in the postoperative period. | at 0th, 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours postoperatively | 
| Virtual reality practice provides a positive change on the quality of recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. | In order to evaluate the recovery quality, the Quality of Recovery-15T Scale will be applied once after the virtual reality practice in the preoperative period and once at the 24th hour after the virtual reality practice in the postoperative period. | on the morning of surgery and at 24 hours after surgery | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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care, recovery, mindfulness, meditation, virtual reality