Adenovirus Infection in Children With Autoimmune Hepatitis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Adenoviruses have been linked to severe hepatitis in children. They are non-enveloped, icosahedral viruses of medium size (90-100 nm) (5). Adenoviruses usually infect the respiratory tract, eyes, urinary tract, intestines, and central nervous system (6). These diseases are

Detailed Description
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Hepatitis is an inflammatory reaction of the liver that lead to a spectrum of health problems (1). Hepatitis results from a variety of causes, both infectious and non-infectious. Infectious agents include viruses and parasites. Non-infectious causes include drugs and toxic agents (2). Viral hepatitis remains an important challenge to human health, making it a leading cause of death globally. The absolute burden of viral hepatitis is increasing gradually (3). The most common types of viral hepatitis are hepatitis A, B, and C. The other types are hepatitis D and E, which are less frequent (2). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are common and are associated with liver manifestations (4). Adenoviruses have been linked to severe hepatitis in children. They are non-enveloped, icosahedral viruses of medium size (90-100 nm) (5). Adenoviruses usually infect the respiratory tract, eyes, urinary tract, intestines, and central nervous system (6). These diseases are generally self-limiting, but severe infections can occur in immunocompromised hosts (7). Children are more susceptible to HAdVs infection because their immune systems are less developed. HAdVs cause a range of symptoms, including colds, vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes pneumonia, but rarely hepatitis in immunocompromised patients (8) In April 2022, the WHO has reported severe acute hepatitis outbreaks among children from 11 countries across Europe and America, which have induced great public concern, HAdV is presumed to be a possible etiology of this outbreak (9). The diagnostic methods for adenovirus include antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), virus isolation, and serology (10).

Official Title
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Prevelance of Adenovirus in Children With Acute Hepatitis in Assiut University Hospital

Conditions
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Observational

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Pcr


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: - All children who are presented with symptoms suggestive of acute hepatitis like clinical jaundice, in the form of yellowish discoloration on sclera, fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea and raised liver enzymes between age group 2 years and 16 years. Exclusion Criteria: -All patients under 2 years old and above 16 years. History of drug intake which may affect liver functions
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| 1<br>One group who have adenovirus infection | Diagnostic Test: Pcr<br>* Polymerase chain reaction<br>* Other names: Pcr(polymerase chain reaction);|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adenovirus infection | Prevalence of adenovirus infection in children with autoimmune hepatitis | 2024 | 
| Adenovirus infection | Prevalence of adenovirus infection in children with autoimmune hepatitis | 2025 |