A Spatial Analysis of Hotspots and Targeted Injection Settings Pilot Intervention for HIV Prevention Among People Who Inject Drugs

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Conduct a study of people who use drugs (PWUD) perceptions of and access to COVID-19 vaccines as well as reasons for vaccine hesitancy/barriers

Detailed Description
-----------------
Conduct a qualitative rapid longitudinal assessment of 20 PWUD's perceptions of and access to COVID-19 vaccines as well as reasons for vaccine hesitancy/barriers. The investigators will also assess frequency and content of COVID-19 communication with peers. The investigators will also assess changes in the social network dynamics of drug use and access to illicit drugs, drug treatment, and HIV care. The brief qualitative interviews will be conducted biweekly over a period of one year. These interviews will be quickly transcribed, summarized, and provided to local and state health departments. The investigators will also use the findings from this aim to inform the proposed app and peer education pilot outlined in aims 2 & 3. 2. Development of an app provide real-time information on COVID-19 vaccine availability and nearby risk reduction resources (naloxone distribution sites, syringe exchanges, drug treatment). The app will be built for mobile download and as an online webpage. 20 PWUD will be included in this study component, split between the mobile and web-based app. 3. Develop training materials and pilot the training of 40 PWUD to promote vaccine uptake among the participants network and other community members. PWUD will be trained to become peer educators to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake over 4 sessions. These 40 participants will be administered pre- and post-surveys as well as daily check-in questions through the app to assess effectiveness as peer educators.

Official Title
-----------------
A Spatial Analysis of Hotspots and Targeted Injection Settings Pilot Intervention for HIV Prevention Among People Who Inject Drugs in Baltimore, Maryland, Supplement

Conditions
-----------------
COVID-19

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Intervention test


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: opioid use in prior 2 weeks Exclusion Criteria: none

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: pilot of an intervention
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental<br>behavioral intervention | Behavioral: Intervention test<br>* behavioral sessions to promote vaccines<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vaccine acceptance as assessed by the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale | Vaccine acceptance will be assessed using the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, a seven-item scale that measures willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Scores ranged from 7 to 35, with higher scores indicating greater hesitancy. | 1 month |