Effect of Axial Length of the Globe on Retinal Nerve Fibre Thickness

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
the goal of this obsrevational study is to learn about retinal nerve fibres and if their numbers changed with axial length of the globe or not. the main question to answer is there is effect of long axial length on the thickness of the retinal nerve fibers participants will be asked to: measure the axial length with ultrasound measure the thickness of retinal nerve fibers with optical coherence tomography

Detailed Description
-----------------
Aim of the work: To investigate the effect of axial length on the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer. Patients and methods Study design: Cross sectional comparative study. Location: Ophthalmology department, Sohag teaching hospital. Ethical approval: A written informed consent will be taken from all patients about the aim of the study, the nature of the planned investigation. An approval of the ethical committee of Sohag Faculty of Medicine will be fulfilled. Methodology The study will include 80 patients healthy volunteers who underwent ophthalmologic examinations including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness analysis with optical coherence tomography (OCT), auto refraction, and axial length measurement. Inclusion criteria: Healthy volunteers attending the outpatient clinic for surface ocular diseases. Exclusion criteria: Glaucoma patients. Media opacity (corneal, lens or vitreous opacity) Previous ocular surgery. Diabetic patients. Retinal diseases. Method of the study: Detailed ophthalmological and medical history. Detailed slit lamp examination. Visual acuity (VA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using Snellen chart and recorded in decimal notation. Auto refraction using Topcon auto refractometer RM-800. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness using Avanti scanner Optovue. Axial length (AL) measured by E-Z scan 5500 sonomed A-scan ultrasound and biometry. The patients will be divided into 3 groups: Group 1 patients with axial length less than 21 mm. Group 2 patients with axial length 21-24 mm. Group 3 patients with axial length more than 24 mm.

Official Title
-----------------
Effect of Axial Length on Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) Using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

Conditions
-----------------
Myopia

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Diagnostic Test: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Healthy volunteers attending the outpatient clinic for surface ocular diseases. patients who are cooperative with optical coherence tomography (OCT) device. Exclusion Criteria: Glaucoma patients. Media opacity (corneal, lens or vitreous opacity) Previous ocular surgery. Diabetic patients. Retinal diseases.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Group 1 short axial length (AL)<br>Axial length less than 21 | Diagnostic Test: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)<br>* Measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography<br>|
| Group 2 average axial length (AL)<br>Axial length 21-24 | Diagnostic Test: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)<br>* Measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography<br>|
| Group 3 long axial length (AL)<br>Axial length more than 24 | Diagnostic Test: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)<br>* Measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness | Measuring Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL)thickness using OCT | average of one year | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Axial length, RNFL