Cardiopulmonary Assesments in Mood Disorders

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The importance of cardiorespiratory impact in mental diseases is generally emphasized in studies, but it is noteworthy that cardiorespiratory affects in mood disorders have not been sufficiently investigated. This study aims to compare individuals with mood disorders and healthy people in terms of exercise capacity, functionality, respiratory muscle strength, respiratory functions, dyspnea and physical activity level.

Detailed Description
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The cross-sectional study was carried out with 20 patients with diagnosis of mood disorder who applied to the Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Research and Practice Hospital, Mental Health and Diseases clinic, and 20 healthy individuals whose age, gender were matched. Clinical characteristics, exercise capacity (6-minute walking test, 6MWT; 3-minute Step test, 3MST), functionality (vertical jump test, functional reach test), respiratory parameters (Respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function test), dyspnea (Modified Medical Research Council, MMRC scale), physical activity level (short form international physical activity questionnaire, IPAQ) was evaluated.

Official Title
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How do Mood Disorders Affect Cardiorespiratory Status?

Conditions
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Mood Disorders, Physical Inactivity, Respiratory Function Impaired

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Cardiorespiratory Assesments


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy volunteers who had undergone a general physical examination in the past 6 month reported being free of significant cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, and endocrine disorders that preclude safe participation Exclusion Criteria: Individuals with significant cardiovascular, neuromuscular and endocrine disorders, pregnant women, people under 18 years old disabled individuals.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| healthy group<br>Demographic data, clinical characteristics, exercise capacity (6 MWT, 3 min. Step test), functionality (vertical jump test, functional reach test), respiratory parameters (Respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function test, MMRC scale), physical activity level (IPAQ, short form). | Other: Cardiorespiratory Assesments<br>* The following were evaluated to make comparisons between the two groups: Demographic data, clinical characteristics, exercise capacity (6 MWT, 3 min. Step test), functionality (vertical jump test, functional reach test), respiratory parameters (Respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function test, MMRC scale), physical activity level (IPAQ, short form).<br>* Other names: assesments;|
| Patient group<br>Demographic data, clinical characteristics, exercise capacity (6 MWT, 3 min. Step test), functionality (vertical jump test, functional reach test), respiratory parameters (Respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function test, MMRC scale), physical activity level (IPAQ, short form). | Other: Cardiorespiratory Assesments<br>* The following were evaluated to make comparisons between the two groups: Demographic data, clinical characteristics, exercise capacity (6 MWT, 3 min. Step test), functionality (vertical jump test, functional reach test), respiratory parameters (Respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function test, MMRC scale), physical activity level (IPAQ, short form).<br>* Other names: assesments;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Six minute walking test (Evaluation of exercise capacity) | Six minute walking test, The patients were allowed to rest for at least 30 minutes pre-starting the test, which was performed according to ATS criteria. The participants were asked to walk as fast as they can without running in a 30-meter straight corridor for 6 minutes at their own walking pace | Baseline | 
| 3 minute step test (Assessment of exercise capacity) | 3 minute step test, In this test, the person ascends and descends the 30.5 cm step with the rhythm of the metronome set at 96 beats/min for 3 minutes. | Baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vertical jump test (Functionality 1) | Vertical jump test, The vertical jump test is used to evaluate performance characteristics. The person to be tested lies on a flat platform as far as he can with one arm, placing equal weight on both extremities, and is marked. Then, the person jumps and the last point he can reach by jumping is marked. Applying these procedures, the difference between the two marked points was recorded . | in a time through the study completion, an average of 5 minutes | 
| Forced vital capacity (FVC) (Pulmonary function) | Pulmonary function test was performed with a portable spirometer (SPIROBANK II® USA). Forced vital capacity (FVC). The test was performed in the sitting position. The best of the 3 maneuvers that were technically acceptable and had 95% agreement with each other was selected for statistical analysis. | Baseline | 
| forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (Pulmonary function) | Pulmonary function test was performed with a portable spirometer (SPIROBANK II® USA). forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) | Baseline | 
| ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) | Pulmonary function test | Baseline | 
| peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) | Pulmonary function test | Baseline | 
| forced mid-expiratory flow rate (FEF25-75%) | Pulmonary function test | Baseline | 
| Respiratory muscle strenght | Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated using a portable, electronic oral pressure measurement device (MicroRPM, Micro Medical England) according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) criteria. Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated with an oral pressure device that gives MIP MEP results. If the difference was greater than 5% or 5 cmH2O between the two best measured values, the measurement was repeated, and the best values for the analyses were kept. | Baseline | 
| Physical activity | The physical activity level was evaluated using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (21). IPAQ consists of seven questions in total. | Baseline | 
| The Functional Reaching Test (Functionality 2) | In the Functional Reaching Test, another functionality test, the individual approaches the wall in a sideways position with shoulder facing the wall. Then, the individual opens the feet at shoulder level and clasps the hand, bringing it to a 90-degree flexion position. The part where the 3rd metacarpal bone of the hand meets the wall is marked. The participant is asked to lie forward as much as possible without breaking the contact of the heels with the ground and without taking a step. Then, the distance between this starting and ending point is recorded. | Baseline |