The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Life Training for University Students Affected by the Earthquake

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this study, aimed to determine the effect of Mindfulness Based Compassionate Life Training given to university students on coping with post-earthquake trauma stress and grief process. According to the experimental design with pre-test and post-test control group, the participants selected from the universe will be assigned to the experimental and control groups impartially. In this study, a priori power analysis will be performed to determine the sample size. For the independent groups, in which the effect of Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Life Training on coping with post-earthquake trauma stress and grief will be compared, 80% power will be achieved at a significance level of 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. A total of 68 participants will be reached by taking into account data losses and including 30% backup sample in the research. Participants included in the study will be numbered from 1 to 68 and 34 experimental and 34 control groups will be created from www.random.org. Pre-test data will be collected before applying to earthquake survivors in the experimental group and control group. 8 sessions of Mindfulness Based Compassionate Life training will be given to earthquake survivors in the experimental group. Training sessions will be held online. For its effectiveness and continuity, each session will be held between 3 days and 7 days. One week after the Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Living training (after 8 sessions were completed), the Post-earthquake Trauma Stress Level Determination Scale (NSSTDBÖ), The Grief Scale was administered to the earthquake survivors. The Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (STS-F) post-test will be filled in by face-to-face interview. Post-test data from the experimental and control groups will be obtained simultaneously.

Detailed Description
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Research data will be collected face to face by researchers. 68 earthquake survivors who meet the inclusion criteria (to be studying at a university, to be affected by the earthquake, to be willing to participate in the study, to be open to communication and cooperation) will be included in the study. The descriptive features form consisting of 8 questions for data collection, Post-earthquake Trauma Stress Level Detection Scale, Mourning Scale. Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (STS-F) will be used. Research data will be collected as a pre-test and post-test for 1 month. Those who do not regularly participate in the Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Living training will be excluded from the study. The research will be carried out with 68 participants, 34 in the experimental group and 34 in the control group.

Official Title
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The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Life Training for University Students Affected by the Earthquake on Coping With Earthquake Trauma Stress and Grief Process

Conditions
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Earthquake Victims, Mindfulness Based Compassionate Life Training

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Session 1: How We Evolved - Threat, Impulse, and Soothing Systems
* Other: Session 2: Threat and Self-Compassion
* Other: Session 3: Unraveling the Knots of Desire and Patterns
* Other: Session 4: Internalizing compassion
* Other: Session 5: Me and others - Expanding the circle
* Other: Session 6: Growing happiness
* Other: Session 7: Weaving Wisdom and Compassion into Daily Life
* Other: Session 8: Living with the Heart


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Having a university nursing education Being affected by the earthquake Willingness to participate in the study Being open to communication and cooperation Exclusion Criteria: Not attending sessions regularly

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Session 1: How We Evolved - Threat, Impulse, and Soothing Systems<br>A breath break with kindness is practiced. Encourage them to think about how threat, impulse and sedative systems have developed in their own lives. A safe place application is made. Courtesy meditation is done. | Other: Session 1: How We Evolved - Threat, Impulse, and Soothing Systems<br>* The practice of Breath break with kindness will be applied for 5 minutes. Afterwards, 15 minutes of information on threats, impulses and soothing systems, A safe place application for 11 minutes, Courtesy meditation for 10 minutes. After each application, 10 minutes of feedback will be received from the participants.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 2: Threat and Self-Compassion<br>A breath break with kindness is practiced. Building a compassionate relationship with resilience and kindness meditation: a benevolent practices are made. A hand on your heart and a compassionate comrade practices are made. | Other: Session 2: Threat and Self-Compassion<br>* The practice of breathing with kindness will be done for 7 minutes. The practice of Building a compassionate relationship with resilience will be held for 12 minutes, and the practice of Kindness meditation: a benevolent will take place for 11 minutes. A hand over your heart application will be made for 3 minutes and A compassionate comrade application will be done for 10 minutes. After each application, 3 minutes of feedback will be received from the participants.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 3: Unraveling the Knots of Desire and Patterns Agenda<br>Talk about homework. A breath break with kindness is practiced. Establishing a compassionate relationship with desire, guided meditation to discover the inner pattern, courtesy meditation: a good friend practices are made. | Other: Session 3: Unraveling the Knots of Desire and Patterns<br>* The practice of breathing with kindness will be done for 7 minutes. Building a compassionate relationship with desire 12 minutes, Guided meditation to discover the inner pattern 10 minutes and Courtesy meditation: a good friend 11 minutes. Except for the breath break with kindness application, 3 minutes of feedback will be received from the participants after each application.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 4: Internalizing compassion<br>Pretend-to-pretend practice is made for participants to observe themselves. In addition to the previous practices, the practice of internalizing compassion is made in order to increase their expanded mindfulness. Courtesy meditation: a neutral person, kindness towards your body, which is based on mindfulness practices and increases body awareness and mindful movement, is carried out. During the day, they will be informed that they should do the walking with kindness practice on their own. | Other: Session 4: Internalizing compassion<br>* The pretend-to-be practice for the participants to observe themselves will be made for 10 minutes. The practice of internalizing compassion will be done for 7 minutes, kindness meditation: a neutral person practice for 10 minutes, and kindness towards your body for 10 minutes. After each application, 3 minutes of feedback will be received from the participants.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 5: Me and others - Expanding the circle<br>A compassionate letter application is made by asking participants to think about a situation they encountered recently or some time ago and is still causing distress. It is explained that they can gain insight with this application. Courtesy meditation: the 'difficult' person, compassion and breathing: yourself and compassionate breathing: others practices are made. | Other: Session 5: Me and others - Expanding the circle<br>* The a compassionate letter practice with the participants will continue for 15 minutes. Courtesy meditation: the 'difficult' person 8 minutes, compassion and breathing: yourself 10 minutes and compassionate breathing: others 7 minutes. A compassionate break application is performed for 7 minutes.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 6: Growing happiness<br>Revisiting the good practice is carried out to define the five sense organs for the participants. Forgiveness, Asking for forgiveness, forgiving others, gratitude practices are carried out. The practice is expanded as kindness meditation: groups and all beings. | Other: Session 6: Growing happiness<br>* The practice of Revisiting the good is carried out for 10 minutes with the participants. Forgive yourself, wish for forgiveness, forgive others, gratitude practices will be held for 5 minutes each and will take 20 minutes in total. Courtesy meditation: groups and all beings will be practiced for 10 minutes. After each application, 3 minutes of feedback will be received from the participants.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 7: Weaving Wisdom and Compassion into Daily Life<br>Participants are made to choose a day in their life and allow a few minutes to pause in a mindful way. A breather for wise and compassionate action, calmness meditation and joy sharing meditation practices are carried out. | Other: Session 7: Weaving Wisdom and Compassion into Daily Life<br>* Participants will be given 10 minutes to choose a day in their life and allow a few minutes to pause mindfully. The practice of a breather for wise and compassionate action is 10 minutes, the practice of calmness meditation is 8 minutes, and the practice of sharing the joy meditation is 8 minutes. After each application, 3 minutes of feedback will be received from the participants.<br>|
| Experimental: Session 8: Living with the Heart<br>The participants are told about the applications that they can apply for, where they need help to develop compassion towards self-healing skills, and the whole training is evaluated. The river of life application, which evaluates mindfulness in depth, is carried out. An overall summary of the 8-session study is made and feedback is received. | Other: Session 8: Living with the Heart<br>* The participants are told about the applications they can apply for, where they need help to develop compassion towards self-healing skills, and the entire training will be evaluated for 20 minutes. The river of life application is carried out for 20 minutes. 10 minutes of feedback will be received after the application.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Introductory Information Form | The form consists of 8 questions containing information about the students affected by the earthquake created by the researcher within the scope of the literature. The form created, gender, place of residence, the state of being together with the parents, whether the parents are alive or not, the place where they stayed during the earthquake (home, dormitory, etc.) to what extent they were affected by the earthquake, the status of losing a relative in the earthquake, the status of receiving psychological support after the earthquake, more It includes questions about experiencing a traumatic event before and having a previously diagnosed psychiatric illness. | [Time Frame: up to 1 day] | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Post-earthquake Trauma Stress Level Scale (DSSTDBÖ) | DSTDBÖ is a tool developed by Tanhan and Kayri (2013) to measure the stress levels experienced by individuals after an earthquake. The scale consists of 20 items. The scale was arranged with a 5-point Likert-type rating of strongly disagree, little agree, moderately agree, strongly agree. and totally agree format. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 20 and the highest score is 100. The increase in the scores obtained from the scale shows that the individuals' level of being affected by the earthquake also increases. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) of the DSDTDS was found to be .87. | [Time Frame: up to 5 week ] | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Mindfulness, self-compassion, trauma, disaster