Peri-implant Disease and Prosthetic Cement: Cross-sectional Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The main objective of the present clinical study project, of a cross-sectional observational nature, is to evaluate the presence of submucosal cement residues through endoscopic visualization in clinical situations with peri-implant disease. The secondary objective is to investigate the potential correlation between the severity of the pathological condition and the spatial position of cement residues in relation to the implant-prosthetic unit. For each subject, the following data were collected: gender, age, periodontal history, smoking habits, reasons for implant rehabilitation (trauma, caries, periodontitis, agenesis, other), the position of the implant in the oral cavity, elapsed time between prosthetic rehabilitation and pathological condition. If the deposit was recognized as cement residue, its presence was recorded, and the anatomical position of the cement residue (mesial, distal, lingual/palatal, vestibular) and the spatial position of cement residues in relation to the implant-prosthetic unit were collected.

Official Title
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Excess Cement and Peri-implant Disease: A Cross-sectional Clinical Endoscopic Study

Conditions
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Peri-implant Mucositis, Peri-Implantitis

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: at least one single-implant with cemented restoration and clinical-radiographic signs of peri-implant disease patients with previous periodontitis had to have a healthy but reduced periodontium Exclusion Criteria: neuromotor pathologies or morphological-dysfunctional alterations

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence of submucosal cement | A clinical examination of the submarginal implant area was performed using endoscopic techniques (DV2, Dental View, Irvine, CA). The analysis was conducted in an atraumatic manner, and local anesthesia infiltration (2% Mepivacaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline) was administered only upon patient request. During the endoscopic investigation, once a deposit was identified, its consistency and adhesion were assessed using water irrigation or, less frequently, a probe. Only for solid deposits, a differential analysis between calculus and cementum was conducted. Cementum was identified by its characteristic white reflectivity, in contrast to subgingival calculus, which appeared yellow or brown, depending on the intensity and distance of the incident light beam. | The analysis was conducted during the endoscopic examination between October 29, 2018, and July 19, 2019. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Spatial position of submucosal cement | If the deposit was recognized as cement residue, its presence was recorded, and the following clinical data were collected: Distance between mucosal margin and prosthetic closure margin at the site of the cement residue: MM-PM = Mucosal Margin - Prosthetic Margin Distance between prosthetic closure margin and implant platform at the site of the cement residue: PM-IP = Prosthetic Margin - Implant Platform Distance between the most apical portion of the cement residue and implant platform: AC-IP = Apical Cement - Implant Platform | The analysis was conducted during the endoscopic examination between October 29, 2018, and July 19, 2019. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Dental implants, Peri-implant diseases, Excess cement, Implant prosthesis, Endoscopy