Slow Art Plus: A Single Session Art Gallery-based Intervention for Mental Health Promotion

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Utilizing a Participatory Action Research (PAR) paradigm, this 12-month study will adopt a mixed method Waitlist Randomized Control Trial (RCT) with a built-in acceptability and feasibility study to test the efficacy of Slow Art Plus in reducing stress and empowering self-care among 200 participants.

Detailed Description
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The specific objectives are in four-folds: 1) To develop a standardized 90-minute single-session Slow Art Plus programme that integrates: (a) slow looking; (b) mindfulness meditation; (c) self-compassion activities; (d) reflective-creative expressions; and (e) dyadic sharing, to form a holistic mental health promotion intervention; 2) To assess the effectiveness of Slow Art Plus for reducing participants' perceived stress (primary outcomes); 3) To assess the effectiveness of Slow Art Plus for enhancing participants' self-awareness, self-care capacity, psychological resilience, and quality of life (secondary outcomes); and 4) To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the standardized Slow Art Plus protocol for large scale implementation in Singapore and greater Asia.

Official Title
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Slow Art Plus: Developing and Piloting a Single Session Art Gallery-based Intervention for Mental Health Promotion Via a Mixed Method Waitlist Randomized Control Trial (RCT)

Conditions
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Mental Health Wellness 1, Self Care, Compassion

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Slow Art Plus


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: - individuals who can communicate in English and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: individuals who are suffering from depression or other major mental illness.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 21 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: The Slow Art Plus programme will involve a full 90-minute engagement, one that is built upon the existing Slow Art programme with added layers of mindfulness and self-compassion practices, as well as a response art activity that fosters symbolic dialogue and an emotional aesthetic experience between participants and the selected art piece.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention<br>The first 10-minute of Slow Art Plus involves a brief psychoeducation on slow looking, mindfulness, and self-compassion practices. This is followed by a 10-minute participants self-introduction and sharing of one act of self-kindness; a 10-minute facilitator led mindfulness meditation on affectionate breathing to foster greater somatic and emotional clarity for slow-looking. This is followed by a set of 30-minute slow looking activity with 1 selected art-piece, including: (a) creating an Artwork Title with one sentence description, (b) imaging music that resonates with the viewers' emotional response to artwork, and (c) sketching a Response Art that facilitates a dialogue between the viewer and the art piece for perspective widening. A 10-minute dyadic sharing follows with a 5-minute large group sharing of joint collective experience. Artwork reveal and sharing of its self-care implications is offered. Finally, a closure self-compassion activity of Supportive Healing Touch. | Behavioral: Slow Art Plus<br>* Slow Art Plus involved a full 90-minute engagement, one that is built upon the existing Slow Art programme with added layers of mindfulness and self-compassion practices, as well as a response art activity that fosters symbolic dialogue and an emotional aesthetic experience between participants and the selected artwork.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Wait-list Control Arm who will receive the Slow Art Plus after the Experimental Arm completes the Intervention. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) | The PSS comprises 10-items rated on a 5-point Likert scale and clustered into 2 subscales of perceived helplessness (e.g., In the past couple of days, how often have you felt nervous and stressed today), and perceived self-efficacy (e.g., In the past couple of days, how often have you felt that things were going your way). The PSS possesses strong internal validity, reliability, and cross-cultural applicability. | Pre-Intervention | 
| Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) | The PSS comprises 10-items rated on a 5-point Likert scale and clustered into 2 subscales of perceived helplessness (e.g., In the past couple of days, how often have you felt nervous and stressed today), and perceived self-efficacy (e.g., In the past couple of days, how often have you felt that things were going your way). The PSS possesses strong internal validity, reliability, and cross-cultural applicability. | Immediate Post Intervention | 
| Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) | The PSS comprises 10-items rated on a 5-point Likert scale and clustered into 2 subscales of perceived helplessness (e.g., In the past couple of days, how often have you felt nervous and stressed today), and perceived self-efficacy (e.g., In the past couple of days, how often have you felt that things were going your way). The PSS possesses strong internal validity, reliability, and cross-cultural applicability. | 1-Day Follow-UP | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Form (SF-FFMQ) | The SF-FFMQ comprises 20 items clustered into 5 subscales: (i) observe, (ii) describe, (iii) act with awareness, (iv) non-judging of inner experience, and (v) non-reactivity to inner experience. Higher scores indicating higher mindfulness capacity. | Pre-Intervention | 
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Form (SF-FFMQ) | The SF-FFMQ comprises 20 items clustered into 5 subscales: (i) observe, (ii) describe, (iii) act with awareness, (iv) non-judging of inner experience, and (v) non-reactivity to inner experience. Higher scores indicating higher mindfulness capacity. | Immediate Post Intervention | 
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Form (SF-FFMQ) | The SF-FFMQ comprises 20 items clustered into 5 subscales: (i) observe, (ii) describe, (iii) act with awareness, (iv) non-judging of inner experience, and (v) non-reactivity to inner experience. Higher scores indicating higher mindfulness capacity. | 1-Day Follow-Up | 
| Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form (SCS-SF) | The SCS-SF comprises 12 items clustered into 6 subscales: (i) self-kindness, (ii) common humanity, (iii) mindfulness, (iv) self-judgement, (v) isolation, and (iv) over-identification. Higher scores indicating higher self-compassion capacity. | Pre-Intervention | 
| Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form (SCS-SF) | The SCS-SF comprises 12 items clustered into 6 subscales: (i) self-kindness, (ii) common humanity, (iii) mindfulness, (iv) self-judgement, (v) isolation, and (iv) over-identification. Higher scores indicating higher self-compassion capacity. | Immediate Post Intervention | 
| Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form (SCS-SF) | The SCS-SF comprises 12 items clustered into 6 subscales: (i) self-kindness, (ii) common humanity, (iii) mindfulness, (iv) self-judgement, (v) isolation, and (iv) over-identification. Higher scores indicating higher self-compassion capacity. | 1-Day Follow-Up | 
| Ego-Resilience Scale-11 (ER-11) | The ER-11 comprises 11-items clustered into 3 subscales: (i) active engagement with the world, (ii) repertoire of problem-solving strategies, and (iii) integrated performance under stress. Higher scores indicating higher ego-resilience. | Pre-Intervention | 
| Ego-Resilience Scale-11 (ER-11) | The ER-11 comprises 11-items clustered into 3 subscales: (i) active engagement with the world, (ii) repertoire of problem-solving strategies, and (iii) integrated performance under stress. Higher scores indicating higher ego-resilience. | Immediate Post Intervention | 
| Ego-Resilience Scale-11 (ER-11) | The ER-11 comprises 11-items clustered into 3 subscales: (i) active engagement with the world, (ii) repertoire of problem-solving strategies, and (iii) integrated performance under stress. Higher scores indicating higher ego-resilience. | 1-Day Follow-Up | 
| Single-Item Quality of Life Scale (SI-QOLS) | 1 item measures quality of life. Higher scores indicating higher QOL. | Pre-Intervention | 
| Single-Item Quality of Life Scale (SI-QOLS) | 1 item measures quality of life. Higher scores indicating higher QOL. | Immediate Post Intervention | 
| Single-Item Quality of Life Scale (SI-QOLS) | 1 item measures quality of life. | 1-Day Follow-Up | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Slow Looking, Mindfulness, Self-Compassion