Probiotics and Breastmilk Decrease Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Premature Infants

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is assess if the use of probiotic in very low weight could be other benefits a long time, as reduce atopic disease in this children.

Detailed Description
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In this study, the investigators analyse the influence of nutrition during the early neonatal period on the development and prevention of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children with a history of very low birth weight (VLBW). A retrospective cohort study was performed of VLBW preterm infants to assess the risk of their developing AD during childhood, according to nutrition with breastmilk and/or probiotic supplementation during the neonatal period. The analysis focused on nutritional and early childhood follow-up data for 437 newborns, of whom 184 received probiotics up to 36 weeks postmenstrual age. The neonatal history of the patients was consulted in their electronic medical records (gestacional age; birth weight; anthropometry at birth, first week and week 36 post menstrual age; nutricional management; administration of probiotics), and the presence of atopic diseases at school age was corroborated by telephone interviews. The descriptive date were summarized using medians and interquartile intervals for the continuous variables and distribution frequencies for the categorial variables. Univariate comparisons were made by the Mann-Whitney test for the continuous variables and by the chi-square test for the categorical variables. The association of comorbidities in VLBW newborns and supplementation with one type or another of probiotic was evaluated with a multinomial regression analysis, ajustando por las variables que mostraron diferencias en el análisis de homogeneidad de los grupos de estudio. The analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 20.0 for Windows software

Official Title
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Probiotics and Breastmilk Are Associated With a Decreased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants

Conditions
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Atopic Dermatitis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Combination Product: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus
* Combination Product: Lactobacillus acidophilus + Bifidobacterium bifidum


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Newborn with a gestational age < or = 32 weeks and/or birth weight < or = 1500 grams. Exclusion Criteria: Incomplete health history record o lack of data. Severe congenital anomalies.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 32 Weeks

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Probiotic 1<br>Administration Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (L. Rhamnosus) ATCC 53103 (109 UFC/day) in very low birth weight since start at the first enteral feed until 35 week Postmenstrual age | Combination Product: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus<br>* Administration Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (L. Rhamnosus) ATCC 53103 (109 UFC/day)<br>|
| Probiotic 2<br>Administration Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) ATCC 4356 (109 UFC/12 h)+Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum) ATCC 15696 (109 UFC/12 h) in very low birth weight since start at the first enteral feed until 35 week Postmenstrual age | Combination Product: Lactobacillus acidophilus + Bifidobacterium bifidum<br>* Administration Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) ATCC 4356 (109 UFC/12 h)+Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum) ATCC 15696 (109 UFC/12 h)<br>|
| No probiotic<br>No suplementation diet with probiotic | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change incidence of atopic dermatitis in children receiving probiotics | The investigators will assess the presence of atopic dermatitis (itching and chronic or recurrent eczematous lesions with typical morphology and distribution) in the telephone interview. | From birth to January 2023 | 
| To assess whether the combined use of breast milk and probiotics has a beneficial effect on the prevention of atopic dermatitis in children. | The investigators will ask patients for both attopic dermatitis involvement and a history of probiotic and breast milk administration in the neonatal period. | From birth to January 2023 | 
| Identify probiotic strains that may decrease the incidence of atopic dermatitis. | In the group of patients who received probiotics we found two groups, one group received Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103 and the other group received the combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 + Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 15696. An attempt will be made to identify if there are differences between them. | From birth to January 2023 | 
| Influence of caloric intake on the development of atopic dermatitis | The researchers will look at the medical history for caloric and macronutrient intake during the first weeks of life and assess whether it is related to differences in the development of atopic dermatitis. | From birth to January 2023 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Probiotics, Human breastmilk, newborn, very low birth weight, atopic eczema