Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Youth With Criminal Behaviors

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Describe the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders among youth with criminal behaviors Explore the relationship between specific neurodevelopmental disorders and the rates and types of crime Examine the roles of psychiatric comorbidities and sociodemographic factors in juvenile criminality

Official Title
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Youth With Criminal Behaviors

Conditions
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Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity, Autistic Spectrum Disorder, Conduct Disorders in Adolescence

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: collect data


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Juvenile offender from The Juvenile Affairs Division of Taipei City Police Department Exclusion Criteria: Not Juvenile offender

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 10 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| ADHD<br>ADHD is among the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders, and the worldwide prevalence. | Other: collect data<br>* The Juvenile Affairs Division provided the records without person-identifiable data (i.e., name, ID) to the researchers. The researchers coded the above data (i.e., the offenders' sociodemographic data, medical history, and criminal history). Demographic characteristics were collected, which are the offenders' age, gender, occupation, education level, and residence (district). We recorded the offenders' household members (without the name or age), main caregivers (e.g., father, or mother), and the parents' socioeconomic and marital status. We also tracked whether the offenders live with family members with mental illness, whether they are from at-risk families, and whether had been victims of domestic violence. The medical history and deviant (or criminal) behaviors will be collected in the attached measure.<br>|
| ASD<br>Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by overriding obsessions and difficulties in social cognition, might render the affected individuals vulnerable for becoming an offender or a victim of crime. | Other: collect data<br>* The Juvenile Affairs Division provided the records without person-identifiable data (i.e., name, ID) to the researchers. The researchers coded the above data (i.e., the offenders' sociodemographic data, medical history, and criminal history). Demographic characteristics were collected, which are the offenders' age, gender, occupation, education level, and residence (district). We recorded the offenders' household members (without the name or age), main caregivers (e.g., father, or mother), and the parents' socioeconomic and marital status. We also tracked whether the offenders live with family members with mental illness, whether they are from at-risk families, and whether had been victims of domestic violence. The medical history and deviant (or criminal) behaviors will be collected in the attached measure.<br>|
| Other disorders in youth: CD or substance use disorder<br>Conduct disorder (CD), characterized by antisocial and aggressive behavior, affects 2-2.5% of children and adolescents. CD is a risk factor for antisocial personality disorder, and despite the fact that a CD diagnosis completely relies on behavioral symptoms, research has identified neurocognitive impairments. | Other: collect data<br>* The Juvenile Affairs Division provided the records without person-identifiable data (i.e., name, ID) to the researchers. The researchers coded the above data (i.e., the offenders' sociodemographic data, medical history, and criminal history). Demographic characteristics were collected, which are the offenders' age, gender, occupation, education level, and residence (district). We recorded the offenders' household members (without the name or age), main caregivers (e.g., father, or mother), and the parents' socioeconomic and marital status. We also tracked whether the offenders live with family members with mental illness, whether they are from at-risk families, and whether had been victims of domestic violence. The medical history and deviant (or criminal) behaviors will be collected in the attached measure.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence of ADHD, ASD, and other neurodevelopmental disorder in juvenile offender | Statistical analysis done by SAS (v.9.4) examine the prevalence of each neurodelopmental disorder, such as ADHD and ASD. | 3 years | 
| Age of first criminal behavior | Based on different neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosis, determine whether the data is able to predict onset and type of criminal behaviors for each juvenile offender. | 3 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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neurodevelopmental disorder, criminality, adolescence