Study on the Mechanism of Prevotella Copri Promoting the Occurrence and Development of Atherosclerosis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Mainly studying the correlation between the abundance of Prevotella copri （P.copri） in the gut microbiome and the progression of clinical coronary atherosclerotic heart disease（CAD） patients, and confirming that an increase in P.copri abundance will accelerate the occurrence and development of CAD disease, accompanied by an increase in serum Branched chain amino acid（BCAA）, lipopolysaccharide（LPS）, and serotonin; For people who mainly consume a high carbon water diet, blood sugar is a stronger risk factor for AS compared to blood lipids; Explore the KAP status（Study composes of Knowledge, attitude, and practice） of coronary heart disease patients and their caregivers regarding coronary heart disease and diet, and investigate whether the popularization of science after KAP investigation can change the treatment effect of patients.

Detailed Description
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Confirming the progression of coronary heart disease in patients and the proportion of P.copri in the gut microbiome; Confirming that due to the increased abundance of P.copri, factors related to blood glucose metabolism disorders are more associated with the progression of CAD disease compared to lipid factors; Confirming that P.copri induces insulin resistance and inflammation in the body while altering intestinal permeability through the synthesis of BCAA, LPS, and serotonin;; Through controlled experiments conducted at our center, investigators effectively popularized disease science to patients and their caregivers, promoted their participation in disease treatment, and confirmed that the KAP survey method can optimize patient treatment effectiveness, improve doctor-patient relationships, and enhance patient hospitalization experience. Through this research project, investigators explore the application of KAP research in the form of a questionnaire in this discipline. Through KAP research, investigators aim to popularize knowledge about dietary patterns and coronary heart disease among multi center coronary heart disease patients and their caregivers. investigators also investigate the knowledge, belief, and behavior of current coronary heart disease patients and their caregivers regarding coronary heart disease diagnosis and treatment knowledge, and conduct a knowledge lecture, Establish a new model for mastering, attitudes, and actions related to the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease among patients and their accompanying caregivers through data push and other forms, while also providing theoretical and practical basis for subsequent related research. Through this project, investigators will discuss the feasibility of KAP survey in increasing patients' subjective initiative, improving doctor-patient relationships, and promoting the effectiveness of patient treatment. investigators will also discuss its promotion and inclusion in routine diagnostic and treatment methods.

Official Title
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Study on the Mechanism of Prevotella Copri Promoting the Occurrence and Development of Atherosclerosis

Conditions
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Atherosclerosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: KAP Popular Science Research
* Behavioral: No KAP Popular Science Research


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Atherosclerosis mechanism research: diagnosis is made through clinical diagnostic technical indicators, mainly coronary CT or coronary angiography. Experimental group: patients with coronary heart disease are identified; Control group: Admitted patients without coronary heart disease but may have other heart diseases or risk factors; Age:>50 years old KAP Study: Coronary Heart Disease Patients and Their Families Exclusion Criteria: Atherosclerosis mechanism research: age<50 years old; Patients with a history of coronary heart disease or surgery; Patients with systemic diseases, including liver and kidney diseases (with serum creatinine levels>2mg/dL (176.8 μ Mol/dL), collagen diseases, etc; Patients who have been using antibiotics within the past 6 months; Patients with malignant tumor disease KAP Study: Non coronary heart disease patients and their caregivers

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Coronary heart disease group<br>16SrDNA sequencing and ELISA test were carried out for patients over 50 years old who reported coronary atherosclerosis after coronary angiography or coronary angiography with CT examination to detect the abundance of Prevotella in their intestines, the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine, branched chain amino acids and lipopolysaccharide in their blood | |
| No Intervention: Non coronary heart disease group<br>For patients over 50 years old who reported no coronary atherosclerosis after coronary angiography or CTA examination, 16SrDNA sequencing and ELISA tests were carried out to detect the abundance of Prevotella in the intestinal tract, the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine, branched chain amino acids and lipopolysaccharide in the blood | |
| Experimental: KAP group<br>Conduct a survey on the relationship between coronary heart disease and dietary patterns among hospitalized patients in the form of KAP Popular Science Research. After the survey, conduct scientific popularization of relevant knowledge, conduct a satisfaction questionnaire survey after surgery, and collect data on preoperative and postoperative examinations and laboratory tests | Behavioral: KAP Popular Science Research<br>* By conducting a survey questionnaire, investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice tendencies of patients and their caregivers towards a certain disease, and conduct relevant science popularization；Pre discharge satisfaction survey questionnaire<br>|
| Sham Comparator: Non KAP group<br>Investigators will not conduct a survey on the relationship between coronary heart disease and dietary patterns among hospitalized patients, conduct science popularization, and conduct a satisfaction questionnaire survey after surgery | Behavioral: No KAP Popular Science Research<br>* Pre discharge satisfaction survey questionnaire<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Concentration of Brain Natriuretic Peptide | Blood sampling and testing | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| Concentration of myocardial enzyme | Blood sampling and testing | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| Concentration of troponin | Blood sampling and testing | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| questionnaire1 | KAP scale，This questionnaire consists of a total of 25 questions, with the first 7 questions being the baseline survey of the subjects, which facilitates statistical information without involving scores. The remaining questions consist of 10 knowledge questions (each desired response was scored 1, maximum K-score was 10), 5 attitude questions (each desired response was scored 1, maximum A-score was 5), and 3 practice questions (this question consists of 5 options, depending on frequency or severity, 1 is obtained when selecting 1 or 2 options, 2 is obtained when selecting 3 options, 3 is obtained when selecting 4 or 5 options, and 5 is obtained when selecting maximum P-score was 5)，higher scores mean a better outcome | Within 7 days after admission | 
| questionnaire2 | Composed of 5 questions, choose the expected answer and add 1 point. The higher the score, the better | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| Prevotella copri abundance | 16S ribosomal DNA identification sequencing of feces | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Concentration of branched chain amino acids | Blood sampling and testing | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Concentration of serotonin | Blood sampling and testing | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| lipopolysaccharides | Blood sampling and testing | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Concentration of blood glucose | Blood sampling and testing | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Concentration of lipids | Blood sampling and testing | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| cardiac ejection fraction | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| cardiac ejection fraction | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | 7 days before surgery | 
| ejection volume | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | 7 days before surgery | 
| ejection volume | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| left ventricular size | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| left ventricular size | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | 7 days before surgery | 
| end diastolic diameter | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | 7 days before surgery | 
| end diastolic diameter | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| left ventricular end systolic diameter | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | Within 7 days after surgery | 
| left ventricular end systolic diameter | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | 7 days before surgery | 
| pulmonary artery pressure | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | 7 days before surgery | 
| pulmonary artery pressure | Ultrasonic instrument exploration | Within 7 days after surgery |