Management of Childhood Obesity

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The significant increase in the prevalence of obesity can also be attributed to various social changes, in which the environment (political, economic, social, cultural), and not only the individual and his choices, takes a strategic place in the analysis of the problem and proposed interventions. The food environment can influence the choice and consumption of foods that promote obesity, such as ultra-processed foods (UPA). It is suggested that to intervene to effectively change behavior and eating habits, intensive interventions are needed that consider multiple levels that include the family, school, and community rather than one-off interventions that may not be effective in changing behavior and lifestyle. Regarding the family environment, parents or guardians can assist in the adoption of obesity-related behavioral patterns. It is known that the context of Primary Health Care (PHC) is ideal for actions to prevent diseases and promote children's health, since the PHC professional team is closest to the reality of life of the child, family, and community. We emphasize the importance of this study from the perspective of treatment of childhood obesity, in order to generate scientific evidence and practical subsidies for the implementation of interventions focused not only on the individual, but also in the context of the Unified Health System (SUS). The hypothesis of the study is that there will be a decrease in the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPA) among children, aged 6 to 10 years, living with obesity and who are treated in primary health care. In addition to encouraging healthy habits such as physical activity and the consumption of in natura and minimally processed foods. The management of childhood obesity is one of the priority topics on the national agenda of SUS's food, nutrition, and health promotion policies.

Official Title
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Management of Childhood Obesity in the Context of Primary Health Care: an Intensive Multi-level Intervention

Conditions
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Childhood Obesity, Pediatric Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Intervention Group- Intensive Multilevel Intervention
* Other: Control Group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: child classified as obesity by values equal to or greater than z-score +2 for BMI/age Exclusion Criteria: children with severe mental disorders children on weight loss medication and with comorbidities associated with obesity children participating in any diet and physical activity program for weight loss/maintenance parents/guardians who do not agree to participate and do not sign the informed consent form

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 10 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Intervention Group: intensive multilevel intervention, with a minimum of 26 contact hours, for a period of 5 months. The children will be re-evaluated in the eighth month (three months after intervention) and in the eleventh month (six months after intervention). The monthly activities were composed of four weekly contacts: Individual Attendance, Food and Nutrition Education (at home), Group Food and Nutrition Education in the basic health unit and Telephone monitoring. There will be five monthly themes: food, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and mental health. The children in the Control Group were followed in a similar way, observing the activities so that they did not exceed 26 hours of contact, during the 5 months.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Intervention Group- Intensive Multilevel Intervention<br>Intervention Group: intensive multilevel intervention, with a minimum of 26 contact hours, for a period of 5 months. The children will be re-evaluated in the eighth month (three months after intervention) and in the eleventh month (six months after intervention). The monthly activities were composed of four weekly contacts: Individual Attendance, Food and Nutrition Education (at home), Group Food and Nutrition Education in the basic health unit and Telephone monitoring. There will be five monthly themes: food, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and mental health. | Other: Intervention Group- Intensive Multilevel Intervention<br>* intensive multilevel intervention, with a minimum of 26 contact hours, for a period of 5 months. The children will be re-evaluated in the eighth month (three months after intervention) and in the eleventh month (six months after intervention). The monthly activities were composed of four weekly contacts: Individual Attendance, Food and Nutrition Education (at home), Group Food and Nutrition Education in the basic health unit and Telephone monitoring. There will be five monthly themes: food, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and mental health.<br>* Other names: Intensive Multilevel Intervention;|
| Other: Control Group<br>The children in the Control Group were followed in a similar way, observing the activities so that they did not exceed 26 hours of contact, during the 5 months. | Other: Control Group<br>* The children in the Control Group were followed in a similar way, observing the activities so that they did not exceed 26 hours of contact, during the 5 months.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Consumption of ultra-processed foods | 10% reduction in consumption of ultra-processed foods | After 5 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| BMI Z score by age | Reduce and/or maintain BMI Z score by age | After completion of the study (12 months) |