Respiratory Training Intervention

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to examine the effect of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing combined with incentive spirometer breathing training on the lung capacity of elderly community residents.

Detailed Description
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The research will be conducted in a community in central Taiwan. Inclusion criteria are people over the age of 65 in the community. All participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group will receive the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing method combined with incentive spiromete. The control group is only taught the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing. Four assessment tools will be used, including the demographic questionnaire, respiratory capacity indicators, Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Taiwan Version (WHOQOL-BREF; WHOQOL-BREF). Data analysis will be performed by independent sample t test, paired t test, and repeated measures analysis. All data analysis will be performed by SPSS version 22.0.

Official Title
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Effects of Respiratory Training Intervention on Lung Capacity and Quality of Life of Community Elderly

Conditions
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Elders

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: breathing training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Over 65 years old A person who is conscious and can communicate in Mandarin or Hokkien, and can cooperate with breathing exercises. Agree to interview or fill out the questionnaire, and complete the consent form. Exclusion Criteria: Hemoptysis, pneumothorax, unstable cardiovascular status, chronic respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Recent myocardial infarction or pulmonary embolism, thoracic aortic aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm or cerebral aneurysm, recent eye surgery, nausea or vomiting, recent chest or abdominal surgery. Suffering from infectious diseases: airborne such as: chickenpox, measles, tuberculosis, severe special infectious pneumonia influenza. Droplet transmission such as: pneumonia, influenza.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: The experimental group will receive the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing method combined with incentive spiromete. The control group is only taught the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group ( breathing training with incentive spiromete)<br>The experimental group will receive the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing method combined with incentive spiromete. | Behavioral: breathing training<br>* receive the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing method combined with incentive spiromete<br>|
| No Intervention: control group<br>The control group is only taught the breathing training of abdominal diaphragmatic breathing. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| respiratory capacity indicators | Indicator: FVC (forced vital capacity) ,FEV1(forced expiratory volume),MVV (maximal voluntary ventilation). | The questionnaire will be filled 3 times, during the first and fourth, and eighth weeks of the study. | 
| Dyspnea | Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale) will be used to assess participants' breathing condition. This scale consisting of five items containing statements about the impact of breathlessness on the individual . It ranges from grade 0 to 4. Higher scores reflect lower respiratory function condition. | The questionnaire will be filled 3 times, during the first and fourth, and eighth weeks of the study. | 
| Quality of Life (OL) | The 28 items World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Taiwan Version (WHOQOL-BREF)WHOQOL-BREF) will be used to examine participants' quality of life. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very agree). The total score is the sum of all item scores. Higher scores reflect greater quality of life. | The questionnaire will be filled 3 times, during the first and fourth, and eighth weeks of the study. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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breathing training, abdominal diaphragmatic breathing, respiratory capacity, Quality of Life-