The Effects of Treating Insomnia on Behavioral Weight Loss Outcomes in Survivors of Breast Cancer

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators propose a randomized controlled clinical trial in 250 women with a history of early stage breast cancer who are overweight or obese with insomnia to test whether a brief, cognitive-behavioral intervention for insomnia (CBT-I) prior to behavioral weight loss (CBT-I+BWL) is superior to a sleep education control (EDU) condition followed by behavioral weight loss (EDU+BWL). The investigators will measure outcomes at baseline, 8 weeks (after completing CBT-I or EDU and prior to BWL), and at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Detailed Description
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The entire study will span a 14-month period and involves one video screening visit (V1) and 4 in-person assessment visits (V2-V5) and 27 video sessions (6 for sleep intervention or sleep control and 19 for BWL). After passing an initial phone screen, participants will be scheduled for in-depth screening (V1). The investigators will complete urine samples for pregnancy and substances, administer study measures, obtain weight, height, anthropometrics and randomize at in-person visit (V2). The overall framework of the BWL intervention is social cognitive theory (increasing self-efficacy and social support) with motivational interviewing (MI) as an approach to helping participants engage in established behavior change strategies (e.g. self-monitoring, stimulus control, goal setting, feedback, etc.) aimed at reducing dietary intake and increasing physical activity (PA). Body composition will be assessed by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), which measures total and regional fat, lean tissue and bone mass. The investigators will conduct DEXA scans at two time points (V1 & V5).The investigators' primary endpoint is % total weight loss (TWL) at 12 months. The investigators will measure weight in light clothes without shoes, using a digital scale and height to the nearest 0.1 cm using a calibrated stadiometer, according to standardized procedures.

Official Title
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The Effects of Treating Insomnia on Behavioral Weight Loss Outcomes in Survivors of Breast Cancer

Conditions
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Breast Cancer, Insomnia, Weight Gain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)
* Behavioral: Sleep Education Control (EDU)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Female 18 years of age or older Histologically-confirmed Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) or stage I-III invasive carcinoma of the breast Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2 Current BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and weight ≤ 400 lbs Willing to lose 10% of body weight Diagnosed within 10 years with histologically-confirmed DCIS or stage I-III invasive carcinoma of the breast Completed local therapy (i.e. surgery and radiation therapy) and any planned preoperative or adjuvant chemotherapy/immunotherapy(/HER2) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 therapy/targeted therapy at least 3months prior to enrollment (concomitant endocrine therapy allowed) Completed all planned/elective surgeries >4 weeks before enrollment Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for Insomnia disorder Self-reported initial sleep onset time and/or wake after sleep onset (WASO) time > 30 minutes, > 3 nights/week Reports sleep problems present for ≥ 3 months Insomnia Severity Index Score ≥ 9 Exclusion Criteria: Serious/uncontrolled medical or psychiatric condition likely to hinder participation in BWL or CBT-l (bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, seizure disorders, autoimmune disease, etc.) Current use of medications that cause sleep disturbances or weight gain/loss. (-) Current sedative hypnotic use Sleep disorder other than insomnia (mild sleep apnea or moderate to severe sleep apnea successfully treated via positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is permitted Currently enrolled or planning to enroll in a sleep treatment or weight loss program (agree not to enroll for the duration of the study) (-) Home sleep test Apnea/hypopnea Index (AHI) > 15 Participants also agree not to enroll in such a program for the duration of study participation (regardless of randomization). History of unstable psychiatric disorder Self-reported suicidal ideation or severe depressive symptoms as determined by clinical assessment, triggered by score of ≥ 20 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Lactating, pregnant or plan to become pregnant in next 14 months Positive urine toxicology for recreational drugs of abuse; alcohol or substance use disorder as determined by Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Adapted for Use in the United States (USAUDIT294) and/or Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) Daily smoker/nicotine user Anything that, in the opinion of the investigator, would place the subject at increased risk or preclude the patient's full compliance with or completion of the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)<br>The proposed intervention consists of 6 remotely-delivered sessions; Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8, with weeks 3 and 5 being rest weeks. Session 1 will be 60-90 mins, Session 2 will be  60 mins, and remaining visits are  45 mins. The investigators propose a methodological innovation for CBT-I, which involves conducting 15-minute sessions every other month during the BWL intervention. Prior to these maintenance sessions, participants in the CBT-I+BWL group will complete electronic sleep diaries for one week and interventionists will use this information in sessions to sustain and enhance long-term outcomes by using MI to reinforce application of CBT-I session content. | Behavioral: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)<br>* The CBT-I intervention is a 6-session intervention spread out over 8 weeks that combines education and behavioral techniques to reduce insomnia.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Sleep Education Control (EDU)<br>The EDU intervention will parallel the CBT-I intervention in number, format and length of all sessions, including maintenance sessions. It provides basic information about sleep and cancer, widely available to the public. EDU content does not include any individualized behavioral instructions, sleep diary monitoring during the intervention, or behavior change counseling. Content is presented didactically only. | Behavioral: Sleep Education Control (EDU)<br>* Subjects will be instructed to read and review select publications from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Weight (pounds) | Our primary endpoint is % total weight loss (TWL) at 12 months. We will measure weight in light clothes without shoes, using a digital scale (in pounds) and height to the nearest 0.1 cm using a calibrated stadiometer, according to standardized procedures. | Baseline (randomization); 8 weeks post-sleep intervention (prior to BWL); and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-BWL. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Diet quality as assessed by Automated Self-Administered 24-hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool | Will be measured using the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool, which follows an automated multiple-pass methodology. | Baseline (randomization); 8 weeks post-sleep intervention (prior to BWL); and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-BWL. | 
| Physical activity assessed by wearing and accelerometer to track movement. | Accelerometers (ActiGraph, LLC, Fort Walton Beach, FL) will be used to assess both sedentary time and moderate to vigorous physical activity. | Baseline (randomization); 8 weeks post-sleep intervention (prior to BWL); and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-BWL. | 
| Body composition measured through DEXA scan | Body composition will be assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), which measures total and regional fat, lean tissue and bone mass | Baseline and week 61 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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weight gain, women, breast cancer, weight loss, insomnia, sleep