The Feasibility of Motivational Interviewing on Emotional Intelligence, Dispositional Optimism, and Adherence to Care Practices Among Patients With Permanent Pacemaker

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A cardiac pacemaker is an artificial apparatus that stimulates the myocardium electrically to depolarize, to begin a contraction when the heart's natural pacemaker does not work properly. Pacemakers are essential when dysrhythmias or conduction defects compromise the electrical system and the heart's hemodynamic response. The current status aimed to assess the feasibility of motivational interviewing on emotional intelligence, dispositional optimism, and adherence to care practices among patients with permanent pacemaker.

Detailed Description
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According to the Miller and Rollnick principles, the framework of the motivational interviewing group's sessions was taken from the workbook of the intervention's six motivational interviewing sessions. A researcher recruited participants in groups of 7 patients for six sessions of 60-90 minutes each (two sessions per week). The training sessions covered stress alleviation, appropriate drug usage, quitting smoking, regular physical activity, healthy eating habits, and regular physical activity. Patients in the control group got standard treatment for PPM, including education on proper medication usage, nutrition, exercise, and regular checking.

Official Title
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The Feasibility of Motivational Interviewing on Emotional Intelligence, Dispositional Optimism, and Adherence to Care Practices Among Patients With Permanent Pacemaker

Conditions
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Pacemaker DDD

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Motivational interviewing


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation aged from 20 up to 65 years old. Both sexes (male & female). Able to communicate verbally. Free from psychotic disorders. Not scheduled for other surgeries. Agree to participate in the current study. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with severe mental problems

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group<br>Group one (study group, 35 patients): received the Motivational interviewing intervention. | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing<br>* According to the Miller and Rollnick principles, the framework of the motivational interviewing group's sessions was taken from the workbook of the intervention's six sessions of motivational interviewing. A researcher recruited participants in groups of 7 patients for six sessions of 60-90 minutes each (two sessions per week). The training sessions covered topics like stress alleviation, appropriate drug usage, quitting smoking, regular physical activity, healthy eating habits, and regular physical activity. Patients in the control group got standard treatment for PPM, including education on proper medication usage, nutrition, and exercise, as well as regular checking.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Group two(the control group, 35 patients): will receive routine hospital care such as medication administration, assessment of vital signs, and hygienic care. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adherence with Pacemaker Care Practices | This tool was developed by (Sharma K, 2018) to assess adherence of the patients to pacemaker care practices. It was adapted and translated into Arabic language by the researcher. It included 15 items related to patients' adherence to care practices of pacemaker . | 2 months | 
| Emotional Intelligence | Emotional Intelligence Scale by (Schutte et al., 1998) to assess the level of emotional intelligence. This scale consists of 33 items, which can be divided into 4 main subscales (perception of emotion, managing own emotions, managing others' emotions, and utilization of emotion). | 2 months | 
| Dispositional optimism | The original LOT-R is a self-report questionnaire, measuring dispositional optimism and developed by (Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994). The questionnaire consists of 10 items, of which three positively formulated items (1, 4, and 10), three negatively formulated items (3, 7, and 9), and four filler items (2, 5, 6, and 8). | 2 months |