Perspective Memory and Executive Functions in HIV+ Patients

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The primary goal of this observational study is to evaluate prospective memory in HIV+ patients compared to healthy subjects. The secondary goal is to examine the relationship between prospective memory and Hot Cognition (mechanical cognitive abilities) and Cold Cognition (cognitive abilities supported by emotion and social perception). The main questions it aims to answer are: Do HIV+ patients have more impaired prospective memory than healthy subjects? Is there a greater influence of Hot Cognition on prospective memory than Cold Cognition? Participants will undergo a battery of neuropsychological tests: Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), Interpersonal Reactivity Index and Modified Five Point Test.

Official Title
-----------------
Influence of Hot and Cold Cognition on Prospective Memory in HIV+ Patients

Conditions
-----------------
HIV Infections

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Neuropsychological testing


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria HIV+: consent to participate in the study diagnosis of HIV Current antiretroviral therapy age >18 years native Italian speaker Exclusion Criteria HIV+: age <18 years presence of major psychiatric disorders within the past 6 months additional neurological conditions that may impair the performance of the tests (Alzheimer's disease, Outcomes of head-brain trauma, cerebrovascular episodes) Alcohol and drug addiction within the past 6 months Additional medical conditions that may impair neurocognitive profile and functional abilities (cerebrovascular damage, cardiac problems with functional impairment, severe liver disease) Inclusion Criteria HIV- : consent to participate in the study Absence of HIV infection (HIV-RNA negative) age >18 years native speaker of Italian Exclusion Criteria HIV+ : age <18 years presence of major psychiatric disorders within the past 6 months additional neurological conditions that may impair the performance of the tests (Alzheimer's disease, Outcomes of head-brain trauma, cerebrovascular episodes) Alcohol and drug addiction within the past 6 months additional medical conditions that may impair neurocognitive profile and functional abilities (cerebrovascular damage, heart problems with functional impairment, severe liver disease).
Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Subjects with HIV infection<br>Both male and female subjects, over 18 years of age, on antiretroviral therapy, native speakers of Italian | Other: Neuropsychological testing<br>* During the session the patient will be administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST; Raskin et al., 2010) with the purpose of investigating prospective memory ability. Then during the same meeting the following tests will be offered to the patient: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA; Nasreddine. Translation Pirani et al 2006) investigating global cognitive performance; - Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980;1983- Italian version edited by Bonino et al, 1998) with the purpose of assessing cognitive and affective empathy (Hot cognition); Modified Five Point Test (Ruffi et al 1987) aimed at assessing figurative fluency (Cold cognition).<br>|
| Healthy control subjects<br>Both male and female subjects, over the age of 18 years, no neurological or psychiatric conditions that would alter test performance, native speakers of Italian | Other: Neuropsychological testing<br>* During the session the patient will be administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST; Raskin et al., 2010) with the purpose of investigating prospective memory ability. Then during the same meeting the following tests will be offered to the patient: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA; Nasreddine. Translation Pirani et al 2006) investigating global cognitive performance; - Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980;1983- Italian version edited by Bonino et al, 1998) with the purpose of assessing cognitive and affective empathy (Hot cognition); Modified Five Point Test (Ruffi et al 1987) aimed at assessing figurative fluency (Cold cognition).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prospective memory in HIV+ patients and healthy subjects | Prospective memory will be assessed through the following test: Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST). | 1 year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Influence of global cognitive performance on prospective memory | Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) investigating global cognitive performance. | 1 year | 
| Influence of hot cognition on perspective memory | Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) with the purpose of assessing cognitive and affective empathy (Hot cognition). | 1 year | 
| Influence of cold cognition on perspective memory | Modified Five Point Test aimed at assessing figurative fluency (Cold cognition). | 1 year |