Iron, Alpha-Synuclein, and Lymphocyte-activation Gene-3 in Ischemic Stroke

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This observational study aims to detect levels of iron, alpha-synuclein, and soluble lymphocyte activation gene 3 in acute ischemic stroke patients. And to see expressions of iron, alpha-synuclein, and lymphocyte activation gene 3 in the brain tissue of ischemic rats. The main questions it aims to answer are: Is there an association between iron and alpha-synuclein accumulation in ischemic stroke? Is there any change in soluble lymphocyte activation gene levels in ischemic stroke and if these levels are related to stroke severity and infarction size? . Can soluble lymphocyte activation gene levels be used as an early biomarker to diagnose ischemic stroke?

Official Title
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Role of Iron, Alpha-Synuclein, and Lymphocyte-activation Gene-3 in the Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke in Human and Albino Rats

Conditions
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Brain Ischemia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Serum Iron
* Diagnostic Test: RBCs Alpha-synuclein
* Diagnostic Test: Serum Soluble lymphocyte activation gene
* Radiation: Brain computed tomography
* Diagnostic Test: Brain Iron
* Diagnostic Test: Brain Alpha-synuclein
* Diagnostic Test: Brain lymphocyte activation gene
* Drug: Deferoxamine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients at the age between 50-70 years. Patients having neurological symptoms of acute ischemic stroke. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with acute hemorrhagic stroke. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients with dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Patients with any type of malignancy. Patients with central nervous system infection.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Control<br>24 healthy age and sex-matched controls | Diagnostic Test: Serum Iron<br>* Serum iron levels in study groups<br>Diagnostic Test: RBCs Alpha-synuclein<br>* α-syn levels in RBCs<br>* Other names: α-syn;Diagnostic Test: Serum Soluble lymphocyte activation gene<br>* sLAG-3 in the serum of study groups<br>* Other names: sLAG-3;Radiation: Brain computed tomography<br>* Brain CT of patients after admission<br>* Other names: CT;|
| Patients with acute Ischemic stroke<br>24 patients between 50-70 years having neurological symptoms of acute ischemic stroke will be included. Patients with acute hemorrhagic stroke, Parkinson's disease, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, malignancy, and central nervous system infection will be excluded. | Diagnostic Test: Serum Iron<br>* Serum iron levels in study groups<br>Diagnostic Test: RBCs Alpha-synuclein<br>* α-syn levels in RBCs<br>* Other names: α-syn;Diagnostic Test: Serum Soluble lymphocyte activation gene<br>* sLAG-3 in the serum of study groups<br>* Other names: sLAG-3;Radiation: Brain computed tomography<br>* Brain CT of patients after admission<br>* Other names: CT;|
| Control rats<br>8 rats will be subjected to a Sham operation and will be injected intramuscularly immediately after the operation with an equivalent 0.9% saline solution. After 24 hours they will be sacrificed. | Diagnostic Test: Brain Iron<br>* Iron in brain homogenate of rats<br>Diagnostic Test: Brain Alpha-synuclein<br>* α-syn expression in rat's brain<br>* Other names: α-syn;Diagnostic Test: Brain lymphocyte activation gene<br>* LAG-3 expression in rat's brain<br>* Other names: LAG-3;|
| Rats with ischemic stroke<br>8 rats will be subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) for 30 minutes and will be injected intramuscularly immediately after removing the occlusion with an equivalent 0.9% saline solution. They will be sacrificed after 24 hours of reperfusion. | Diagnostic Test: Brain Iron<br>* Iron in brain homogenate of rats<br>Diagnostic Test: Brain Alpha-synuclein<br>* α-syn expression in rat's brain<br>* Other names: α-syn;Diagnostic Test: Brain lymphocyte activation gene<br>* LAG-3 expression in rat's brain<br>* Other names: LAG-3;|
| Rats with ischemic stroke + deferoxamine<br>8 rats will be subjected to bilateral CCAO for 30 minutes and will be injected intramuscularly immediately after removing the occlusion with deferoxamine (200 mg/kg), They will be sacrificed after 24 hours of reperfusion. | Diagnostic Test: Brain Iron<br>* Iron in brain homogenate of rats<br>Diagnostic Test: Brain Alpha-synuclein<br>* α-syn expression in rat's brain<br>* Other names: α-syn;Diagnostic Test: Brain lymphocyte activation gene<br>* LAG-3 expression in rat's brain<br>* Other names: LAG-3;Drug: Deferoxamine<br>* intramuscular deferoxamine (200 mg/kg) injection to rats<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Iron levels | Serum iron levels in ischemic patients and control | 6 months | 
| Alpha-synuclein levels | Alpha-synuclein levels in RBCs in ischemic patients and control | 6 months | 
| Levels of Soluble lymphocyte activation gene-3 | Serum soluble lymphocyte activation gene-3 in ischemic patients and control | 6 months | 
| levels of iron, alpha-synuclein, and soluble lymphocyte activation in relation to stroke severity and infarction size | stroke severity will be evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and size of infarction will be detected by brain CT | 6 months | 
| Iron levels in brain of rats | Iron levels in brain homogenate of rats in the three rat groups | 2 months | 
| Levels of Alpha-synuclein expression in brain of rats | Alpha-synuclein expression in brain of rats in different groups | 2 months | 
| Levels of Lymphocyte activation gene-3 expression in brain of rats | lymphocyte activation gene-3 expression in brain of rats in different groups | 2 months |