MyBack - A Behavior Change Informed Exercise Program to Prevent Low Back Pain Recurrences

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Low Back Pain is a common heath condition with high rates of recurrence and huge associated costs. Research has focused its efforts on analysing the effects of interventions while knowledge about effective secondary prevention strategies is limited. MyBack study aims to analyse the effectiveness of a tailored exercise and behavioural change program (MyBack program) in the secondary prevention of low back pain, and evaluate acceptability, feasibility and determinants of implementation by the different stakeholders, as well as the implementation strategy of the MyBack program, through a hybrid type I, randomized, controlled and multicentre study of effectiveness and implementation in the context of primary health care.

Official Title
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MyBack - Effectiveness and Implementation of a Behavior Change Informed Exercise Program to Prevent Low Back Pain Recurrences: a Hybrid Effectiveness-implementation Randomized Controlled Study

Conditions
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Low Back Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Usual Care
* Other: MyBack Program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Recovered (within the last 3 months) from an episode of non-specific LBP (with or without leg pain and of any duration) Recovery from an LBP episode is defined as having a pain score of 0 or 1 on a 11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale for, at least, 30 consecutive days Age between 18 and 65 years; Read and speak the Portuguese language; Having a mobile phone capable of receiving and sending text messages; No medical contraindication to exercise. Exclusion Criteria: Diagnosis, or symptoms consistent with, severe depression or other psychiatric condition, Pregnancy Spinal surgery in the last 6 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Usual Care<br>Participants allocated to the usual care group will be informed that they can access their GP in the usual way (GPs consultation, pain medication, referral for other treatments/ services) and that they should contact their GP if their condition worsens. In addition, they will receive a minimal educational intervention focused on symptom management and promotion of physical activity (stay active). | Other: Usual Care<br>* Education; Pain Medication, imaging, referrals to other health services, other health care appointments<br>* Other names: Minimal intervention;|
| Experimental: MyBack<br>Patients in the MyBack group will participate in a patient-centred, tailored exercise programme informed by a behavioural change approach in addition to receiving usual care. The MyBack intervention programme will consist of 12 bi-weekly sessions (60 minutes each) over 6 weeks complemented by 12 exercise sessions to be carried out autonomously by the participants over the following 6 weeks | Other: Usual Care<br>* Education; Pain Medication, imaging, referrals to other health services, other health care appointments<br>* Other names: Minimal intervention;Other: MyBack Program<br>* A tailored exercise and behavioural change program<br>* Other names: Physiotherapy;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 1 month after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 2 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 3 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 4 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 5 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 6 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 7 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 8 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 9 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 10 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 11 months after baseline | 
| Risk of low back pain recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. | 12 months after baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain intensity | Pain intensity will be measured with a 11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Total scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain. | Baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Functional Disability | Functional Disability will be measured through the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Total scores range from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating higher levels of functional disability. | Baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Musculoskeletal Health | Musculoskeletal Health will be measured through the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire (MSK-HQ). Total scores range from 0 to 56, with higher scores indicating higher levels of musculoskeletal health. | Baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Health-related quality of life | Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL) will be measured by the EuroQuol 5 dimensions, 5 levels questionnaire. Total scores range from 0 to 1, with higher scores indicating higher levels of health-related quality of life. | Baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Medical appointments for a low back pain recurrence | The number of primary care visits to the General Practitioner for a low back pain recurrence, for each participant, will be collected from the local medical records | 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Imaging tests prescribed related with a low back pain recurrence | The number of x-rays, MRI and CT-scans of lower back will be collected for each participant from the local medical records | 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Pain medication for low back pain recurrence | The number and name of the medication prescribed will be collected for each participant from the local medical records | 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Referral to other interventions and sickness certificates | Referral to other interventions or to other medical specialities or services or sickness certificates will be recorded will be collected for each participant from the local medical records. | 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 1 month after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 2 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 3 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 4 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 5 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 6 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 7 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 8 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 9 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 10 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 11 months after baseline | 
| Impact of LBP recurrence | Participants will receive a text message with a yes/no question regarding low back pain recurrence. The number of participants with a recurrence of low back pain, defined as the return of LBP with a minimum duration of 24 hours, with a pain intensity ≥2 on an 11-point numerical scale, preceded by a minimum period of 30 days without pain, will be collected. In the presence of a LBP recurrence, pain intensity (11-point Numeric Pain Rating Scale), functional disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), care seeking (number of primary care visits, imaging tests prescribed and pain medication) and work status (sick leave: yes/no) will be collected by telephone. | 12 months after baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Low back pain, Recurrences, Exercise, Behaviour change, Primary health care