Effectiveness of Foam Rolling on Selected Muscle Groups on Jumping

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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An experiment elucidating the immediate effect of foam rolling of the posterior chain on reactive force performance that will represent multiple jumps over low obstacles. The measurements will be performed using the Optojump device, which will provide data on the time of foot contact with the ground and the jump height. The angles of the torso inclination to the vertical will also be measured during jumping.

Detailed Description
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Fifteen women were selected for this experiment in the form of a randomized crossover study. Measurements were taken by leg jumps over 5 obstacles 125 cm apart. The pre-test was performed twice with a two-minute rest between each trial. Immediately after finishing the second trial, a randomly selected half of the probands performed posterior chain facilitation using a foam roller, facilitating first the left leg, then the right leg and finally spinal erectors. Rolling was performed with a sense of maximal intensity and at a high rolling speed across the full length and width of the muscle with both cranial and caudal rolling directions. Facilitation was performed on each muscle group in the distoproximal direction. Immediately following the intervention, a post-test was performed a total of 3 times, 1 minute after the intervention, 3 minutes after the intervention and 5 minutes after the intervention. The control measurement was performed the same way as the intervention, but the control group of probands rested in a resting sitting position for 4 minutes instead of foam rolling. After one week, a second measurement followed, where the original control group underwent the intervention measurement and vice versa. The Optojump instrument (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy) was used to obtain the resistance and flight phase data. A video recording (GoPro HERO 9) was taken of the skipping procedure, from which photographs were taken over each obstacle at the moment of the greatest trunk tilt (the junction of the trochanter major and the external auditory canal exit) from the vertical axis.

Official Title
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The Immediate Effect of Posterior Chain Facilitation by Foam Rolling on Reactive Force Performance

Conditions
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Hypertension

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Foam Rolling


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: women age range 18-30 years regular training at least 3 times a week training with a minimum duration of 1.5 hours valid medical sports examination experience with jumping over hurdles having a problem with maintaining the physiological position of the torso when running Exclusion Criteria: injuries acute illnesses chronic disease musculoskeletal limitations during convalescence

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Screening
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group<br>Facilitation of the posterior chain was performed by foam rolling (BLACKROLL, standard hardness), where the left lower limb was rolled first, then the right lower limb and finally the spinal erectors. Rolling was performed with a sense of the highest intensity and at a high rolling speed, across the full length and width of the muscle with both cranial and caudal rolling directions. Facilitation was performed on each muscle group in the distoproximal direction, in the order of: m. triceps surae, hamstrings, and m. gluteus maximus, with the proband attending to each muscle group for 30 s. Finally, bilateral facilitation of mm. erectores spinae in the lumbar and thoracic segments was performed, also for 30 s. The frequency of rolling was determined using a metronome at 1.5 Hz. | Other: Foam Rolling<br>* Foam rolling was performed for 4 minutes with the goal of affecting the entire myofascial posterior chain.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The control group of probands rested in a resting sitting position for 4 minutes after pre-tests, corresponding to the intervention period. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Angles of inclination of the fuselage to the vertical. | Measurements were made using video recording (GoPro HERO 9), with 1080p resolution and a recording rate of 240fps. Subsequent analysis of torso tilt was performed in Kinovea, with video frames taken over each obstacle at the moment of greatest torso tilt relative to the vertical axis. Using the marked point above the trochanter major ossis femoris and the external auditory canal outlet, a trunk axis was created and used to measure the angle relative to the vertical axis. | 45 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Foot to ground contact time. | The Optojump instrument (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy) was used to acquire the resist phase data by means of laser shadowing. This data was transcribed into OptoJumpNext, from where it was transferred to an excel program and processed there. | 1 hour | 
| Jump height. | The Optojump (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy) was also used to obtain the jump height data by using the resistance phase time, which is plugged into the formula, to obtain the jump height. | 45 min | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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SMR, plyometrics, jumps over hurdles, posterior myofascial chain