Effects of Aminophylline Bolus on TCI (Target Controlled Infusion) Concentrations at Burst Suppression Occurence

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Aminophylline is an intravenous drug commonly utilized for asthma. However, some preclinical studies and few case reports and case series have described its effects in lightining the anesthestic plan during Propofol anaesthesia with an intravenous bolus of 4 mg/kg. Authors aimed to compare its effect during accidental episodes of Burst Suppression during the induction phase of total Intravenous Anaesthesia with Target Controlled Infusion (TIVA-TCI) routinely utilized for general anaesthesia in our hospital.

Detailed Description
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Aminophylline is an intravenous drug commonly utilized for asthma. However, some preclinical studies and few case reports and case series have described its utility in decrease the timing of return of consciousness after Propofol anaesthesia with an intravenous bolus of 4 mg/kg, and also to lightining the anestetic plan (increase in Bipectral Index - BIS- values). Authors aimed to compare its effect during accidental Burst Suppression episodes during the induction of total Intravenous Anasethesia with Target Controlled Infusion (TIVA-TCI) routinely utilized for general anaesthesia in our hospital, with Eleveld Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic-PK/PD model). The timing and relative Concentration of Propofol (CeP) from the start to the end of Burst suppression episodes with or without aminophylline bolus deliveres as soon as detected were taken into account.

Official Title
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Effects of Aminophylline Bolus on Eleveld and Schnider TCI (Target Controlled Infusion) Concentrations at Start and End of Burst Suppression Occurence and on BIS (Bispectral Index) During the Induction Phase of Total Intravenous Anaesthesia With TCI

Conditions
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Anesthesia Brain Monitoring

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Aminophylline


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Undergo general anaesthesia with Targeted Controlled Infusion of Propofol (Eleveld model) and Remifentanil (Minto model) Burst Suppression accidental occurence during the induction phase of anesthesia. Exclusion Criteria: Neurological disease Psychiatric disease Obesity Hypothension during Burst Suppression episodes, other Burst suppression episodes during Anesthesia maintenance.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Aminophylline<br>Patients who received Aminophylline bolus (4 mg/kg) at Burst Suppression occurence during induction of general anesthesia conducted with Eleveld TCI model | Drug: Aminophylline<br>* Patients will be observationally included in the Aminophylline or not Aminiophylline group depending on anesthesiologist's discretion.<br>|
| Not Aminophylline<br>Patients who did not received Aminophylline bolus (4 mg/kg) at Burst Suppression occurence during induction of general anesthesia conducted with Eleveld TCI model | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correlation between Concentration at the effector site of Propofol after Aminophylline bolus during Burst Suppression occurence | Discover if, after an aminophylline bolus, there are differences between Concentrations at the effector site of Propofol and timing of Burst Suppression duration during standard general anaesthesia conducted with Propofol and remifentanil delivered with target controlled infusion pumps, usually adopted in our Hospital to delivery general anaesthesia | Authors will collected data about Drugs concentration and BIS values during general anaesthesia. We will collect BIS and TCI Propofol values during all the duration of anesthesia, form the start of anaesthesia until the emergence from anesthesia |