Comparative Effects of Mulligan Pain Release Phenomenon With and Without Tapping in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to compare the effects of mulligan pain release phenomenon with or without Tapping in management of Patellofemoral pain syndrome

Detailed Description
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Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a general phrase that refers to discomfort in the Patellofemoral joint and associated soft tissues, including the kneecap, tendons, and ligaments. In 2019, a comparative study conducted. They pick 30 respondents randomly, who met the study's inclusion requirements and expressed a willingness to participate. They were split into two groups; fifteen subjects per group. Each group received treatment for four weeks, with sessions occurring every other day. PRP with Kinesiotaping is in Group A(n=15), and traditional therapy is in Group B(n=15). Both groups underwent ultrasonic treatment and VMO strengthening. Data analysis was carried out statistically using paired t tests within groups and unpaired t tests across groups. The study's findings indicated that both groups of therapy were successful, however PRP combined with Kinesiotaping significantly reduced pain and improved functional limits in patients with persistent Patellofemoral OA. In 2020, a double blind RCT study conductred. Based on the mechanical correction approaches, 43 women with at least a 3-month history of PFPS were randomized into three groups: KT for patellar medialization, KT for lateral rotation of the femur and tibia, and the control group. The identical 12-week muscle- building and motor-control exercises were administered to all groups. The numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) at rest and during exertion, the kujala score (AKPS), and the single jump hop test were used to assess knee pain and function at baseline, at 6 weeks, at the end of therapy (12 weeks), and during the 12-week follow-up. Results of the study showed that, in the 6-week and 12-week follow-ups, there were clinically significant differences between the KT with lateral rotation of femur and tibia and the control group in terms of the AKPS and NPRS scores during effort. Pain and function significantly improved in all groups (within group). Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a prevalent issue among the adults due to prolong sitting, ascending or descending stairs frequently, crouching and walking. The majority of research studies have primarily focused on other age groups, such as older adults or adolescents and very little study was done regarding this issue among young adults. To the best of our knowledge although in the past many studies have worked on mulligan pain release phenomenon with mobilization, or exercise therapy have been practiced in the treatment of Patellofemoral pain syndrome were found effective individually, but there is a lack of comprehensive studies including randomized clinical trials directly comparing the mulligan pain release phenomenon with or without taping on management of Patellofemoral pain syndrome. This RCT will aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two commonly utilized techniques, Mulligan pain release phenomenon and taping will ascertain that if two of these, Mulligan pain release phenomenon and taping, may have different effects on the Patellofemoral pain syndrome, knee range of motion and pain in young population with PFPS.

Official Title
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Comparative Effects of Mulligan Pain Release Phenomenon With and Without Tapping in Management of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Conditions
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Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: mulligan pain release phenomenon with tapping
* Other: mulligan pain release phenomenon


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 20 to 40 years Both male and female NPRS>3 AKPS ≥6 ROM<135 ° rarely. Knee range of motion is usually normal in patients of Patellofemoral pain syndrome. Positive patellar grind test Adults having anterior knee pain from previous duration of 2-3 months which is aggravated by walking, stairs ambulation or prolong sitting. Exclusion Criteria: Recent fracture/trauma Acute diseased condition Knee surgery Tumor or infection around the knee Rheumatoid Arthritis Pregnancy Any malformation or joint hypermobility patellar tendon pathology

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: A parallel study is a type of clinical study in which two or more groups of participants receive different interventions.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: mulligan pain release phenomenon with tapping.<br>Participants in group A will receive mulligan pain release phenomenon with tapping. | Other: mulligan pain release phenomenon with tapping<br>* Participants in Group A will receive mulligan pain release phenomenon with tapping.First, demographic information will be gathered, pain severity will be measured using NPRS, knee joint range of motion (flexion/extension) will be measured using a goniometer, and functional limitation will be evaluated using a Kujala score.Two sessions of treatment per week with a total of eight session will be given in four weeks<br>* Other names: tapping;|
| Active Comparator: mulligan pain release phenomenon<br>Participants in group B will receive mulligan pain release phenomenon | Other: mulligan pain release phenomenon<br>* Two sessions of treatment per week with a total of eight session will be given in four weeks.Group B will receive mulligan pain release phenomenon only. First, demographic information will be gathered, pain severity will be measured using NPRS. knee joint range of motion (flexion/extension) will be measured using a goniometer, and functional limitation will be evaluated using a Kujala score.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale | Changes from baseline. The NPRS is a self-reporting or clinician-administered measuring tool that has extreme values ranging from no pain to severe pain, on either horizontal or vertical line of scale.NPRS which is an eleven point scale in which no pain (score 0) and highest pain (score 10) | 4th week | 
| Knee Flexion Range of Motion | Changes from baseline. The measurement of joint range of motion (ROM) is an essential procedure used in physical therapy, known as goniometry | 4th week | 
| Knee Extension Range of Motion | Changes from baseline. The measurement of joint range of motion (ROM) is an essential procedure used in physical therapy, known as goniometry | 4th week | 
| Kujala Score (AKPS) | Changes from baseline. Kujala score is a 13 items, self-report questionnaire for the patients having Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Kujala has been demonstrated to be valid and reliable in PFPS patients and can be utilized for clinical evaluation as well as research work. | 4th week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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patellofemoral pain syndrome, mulligan's pain release phenomenon, tapping, kujala scale