One Team: Changing the Culture of Youth Sport With Pregame Safety Huddles

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention (Pre-Game Safety Huddles) designed to study the impact of huddles on concussion safety in youth sport, primarily regarding intention to report concussive symptoms.

Detailed Description
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More than 1 million youth sustain a sport-related concussion (SRC) each year. The middle school age range is particularly concerning because it is a time when children have both a unique susceptibility to brain injury and high participation rates in organized sports with concussion risk, such as soccer and football. There are two avenues to decrease concussion risk: (1) minimizing the number and force of collisions to decrease concussion incidence (primary prevention) and (2) improving concussion identification to decrease morbidity (secondary prevention). The goal of this study is to utilize Pre-Game Safety Huddles to discuss sportsmanship (primary prevention) and concussion reporting (secondary prevention) with a goal of improving concussion safety. To assess the efficacy of Pre-Game Safety Huddles as a tool for injury prevention, we will conduct a Randomized controlled trial with youth sport teams. We will recruit leagues in the Seattle area (girls' soccer, boys' soccer and football) and randomize them to either intervention or control. Coaches in the intervention group will then be trained to lead Pre-Game Safety Huddles before each game over the course of the season (9-12 weeks). Youth and coaches will be surveyed at three time points and data will be analyzed to determine impact of the intervention on two outcomes: 1) expectations regarding reporting concussive symptoms (CR-E) and 2) expectations regarding engaging in potentially injurious play (IP-E).

Official Title
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One Team: Changing the Culture of Youth Sport With Pregame Safety Huddles

Conditions
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Concussion, Brain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Pre-game Safety Huddles


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participating on a team in one of the recruited leagues and willing to complete surveys Exclusion Criteria: Not willing to complete surveys

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 11 Years
Maximum Age: 14 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Leagues were randomized to intervention or control
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Pre-game Safety Huddles<br>Pre-game safety huddles will occur before each game and athletes and coaches will be surveyed. | Behavioral: Pre-game Safety Huddles<br>* Coaches will be trained to lead Pre-game Safety Huddles by the RA with the study using a multi-media tool we have developed. Huddles will be brief (1-2 minutes) and will primarily focused on 1) encouraging concussion reporting and 2) encouraging good sportsmanship<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>No intervention will be delivered by athletes and coaches will be surveyed. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change, Expectations regarding concussion reporting (CR-E) | Self-report survey of Athlete expectations regarding reporting concussive symptoms | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change, Expectations of engaging in potentially injurious play (IP-E) | Self-report survey of Athlete rating of expectations of engaging in potentially risky sport behavior | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 
| Change, Perceived coach, parent and peer norms regarding concussion reporting (PN-PWCS) | Self-report survey, Athlete perception of norms regarding concussion reporting | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 
| Change in Perceived coach (TN-C), parent (TN-P) and peer norms (TN-T) regarding sportsmanship | Self-report survey, Athlete perception of norms regarding sportsmanship | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 
| Change, Youth sport values (YSV) | Self-report survey, Athlete values regarding sport participation | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 
| Self-report of concussion diagnosis | Athlete report of concussion diagnosis during the season | 9-12 weeks | 
| Change, Expectations regarding reporting teammate concussion (bystander reporting) (E-BR) | Self-report survey, Athlete intention to report teammate concussive symptoms | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 
| Change, Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in Sport Scale (PABSS) | Self-report survey, Standardized measure of sportsmanship | Baseline, 4-6 weeks, 9-12 weeks | 
| Performed behavior, concussion reporting (PB--CR) | Self-report survey, Athlete concussion symptoms following potential concussion during season | 9-12 weeks | 
| Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM-2) and Feasibility of Intervention Measure (AIM-2, FIM-2) | Self-report survey, Standardized measures of acceptability and feasibility | 9-12 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Soccer, Football, Injury, Prevention, Concussion, Education, Huddles, Primary prevention, Secondary prevention, Behavioral intervention