Assessment of Salivary Bacterial Level and Dental Caries Experience in a Group of Egyptian Children With Black Stained Teeth

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Black stains (BS) are type of extrinsic discoloration of the tooth. It's characterized as dark lines or an incomplete coalescence of dark dots found mostly on cervical third of the crown. Most studies worldwide found that children with the black stained teeth have low caries prevalence. A study on Brazilian population also suggested that black stains might be protective factor against development of dental caries. A study reported that chromogenic bacteria were proposed as etiological factor in production of black stains.The most common microbiological composition of BS was found to be Actinomycetes. Dental examination and saliva samples collection will be done for black stained teeth children of outpatient clinic of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. This research adopts null hypothesis; it assumes that there is no effect on dental caries experience in children with black stained teeth.

Official Title
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Assessment of Salivary Bacterial Level and Dental Caries Experience in a Group of Egyptian Children With Black Stained Teeth: A Cross Sectional Study

Conditions
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Black Stain Dental, Dental Black Stain, Black Stain*, Black Stains, Tooth Stains

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Salivary bacterial and pH level


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with black stained teeth who were reported to outpatient clinic of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University ranging in age between 4-6 years. With primary dentition. Both sexes will be included. Cooperative children. Exclusion Criteria: Having oral disease (such as peridotites, salivary gland disorder, and oral mucosal disease). Having autoimmune disease. Receiving any antibiotic treatment in the past three months. Parents refuse to sign the consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 4 Years
Maximum Age: 6 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: Salivary bacterial and pH level|Saliva sample will be collection ask the patient to stop eating and drinking for one hour before collecting the sample,(2) Give the patient distilled water and ask them to rinse their mouth well for 1 min,five minutes after this oral rinse, ask the patient to spit into 50ml sterile tube, collect 5ml of saliva and return to the laboratory within an hour. The dental caries of all patients will also be recorded using dental mirror and explorer. The caries experience will be recorded in diagnostic chart using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for deciduous teeth and dmft caries index.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Salivary bacterial level | salivary sample collection by passive drooling | 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dental caries experience | The dental caries of all patients will also be recorded using dental mirror and explorer. The caries experience will be recorded in diagnostic chart using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for deciduous teeth and dmft caries index | 6 months | 
| Salivary pH level | salivary sample collection and measured by the pH meter | 6 months |