Oxidoreductive Balance and Lysosomal Activity in Cancer Patients.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The research aims to determine the parameters of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes and compare these parameters with the image obtained using positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro- D-glucose (18F-FDG) integrated with computed tomography (CT) in the group of oncological patients.

Detailed Description
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FDG PET/CT is very sensitive imaging tool for the detection of neoplasms. Neoplasm tissue is characterized by a much higher level of metabolism than healthy tissues, therefore a 95% cases of use the method regard oncology. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is absorbed by patients' organism as glucose but it does not undergo metabolism. The increased degree of FDG accumulation in tissue means its higher metabolic activity. FDG accumulates in the tumor tissue and radiates enabling its detection but the substance has not been shown to be harmful to patient at doses used in the diagnostics. Tumor formation is a multi-stage process in which the phases of initiation, promotion and progression are distinguished. Neoplastic transformation of healthy cells is associated with disturbances of the cell cycle caused by mutations of proto-oncogenes (activation of cell division) and/or suppressor genes (blocking cell division) and mutator genes (protecting the DNA against damage or its repairing) under the influence of various factors. Increasing data indicate that one of the most important factors initiating neoplasm are reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Mechanisms responsible for induction of oxidative stress in cancer cells are not fully explained. It is known that they are closely related to inflammation, as well as intense cellular metabolism associated with continuous proliferation, mutations in the genetic material and dysfunctions in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In this study a number of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation are planned to be determined including: the activities of antioxidant and lysosomal enzymes, as well as concentrations of lipid peroxidation products and low molecular weight antioxidants. The PET/CT imaging will be performed as part of standard medical procedures related to the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer diseases at the Oncology Center in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Official Title
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Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Processes in Selected Neoplasms in the Group of Oncological Patients Examined With the FDG PET/CT Method.

Conditions
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Neoplasms, Antioxidants, Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, Inflammation, Lysosome Alteration

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Patients


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: - sign informed consent form for participation in the study Exclusion Criteria: other diseases, bad feeling of the studied individual on the day of the study, the participants will not be minor and incapacitated persons, soldiers, prisoners and persons dependent in any way from the investigators.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients<br>Oncological patients: lymphomas (Hodgkin's, DLBCL), breast and ovarian cancers, brain gliomas. | Diagnostic Test: Patients<br>* The FDG PET/CT imaging will be performed as part of typical medical procedures related to the diagnosis and monitoring of cancers at the Oncology Center in Bydgoszcz, Poland<br>|
| Control<br>The number at most half as large as the patients' group, composed of healthy people at similar age and the same sex as patients. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Superoxide Dismutase | Antioxidant enzyme | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Catalase | Antioxidant enzyme | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Glutathione Peroxidase | Antioxidant enzyme | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (Malondialdehyde) | Secondary lipid peroxidation product | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Conjugated Dienes | Primary lipid peroxidation product | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| 8-iso-Prostaglandin F2alpha | Secondary lipid peroxidation product | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| 4-Hydroxynonenal | Secondary lipid peroxidation product | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Total Antioxidant Capacity | Total antioxidant potential of blood serum in the participant | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Acid Phosphatase | Lysosomal enzyme | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Cathepsin D | Lysosomal enzyme | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Arylsulfatase | Lysosomal enzyme | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Alpha-1-Antitrypsin | Serine protease inhibitor | 1 day (Single measurement) | 
| Vitamins A and E | Low molecular weight antioxidants | 1 day (Single measurement) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| FDG PET/CT scanning | Positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro- D-glucose integrated with computed tomography | 1 day (Single measurement) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Cancer, Superooxide Dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Malondialdehyde, Conjugated Dienes, Acid Phosphatase, Cathepsin D, Alpha-1-Antitrypsin, Arylsulfatase, 8-iso-Prostaglandin F2alpha, 4-Hydroxynonenal, Total Antioxidant Capacity, Vitamin A, Vitamin E