Vitamin D in Systemic Sclerosis Patients With Periodontitis

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Vitamin D has been considered to possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity which may be a link for the known interaction of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study investigated the association between serum vitamin D levels and SSc and periodontitis in patients with SSc, CP and with CHD. Furthermore, the objective was to determine if periodontitis and CHD had an impact on serum vitamin D levels.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 42 patients with SSc, 43 patients with CHD, 41 patients with both SSc and CP, and 42 healthy patients were enrolled in the present study.

Official Title
-----------------
Evaluation Of Vitamin D In Systemic Sclerosis Patients With Periodontitis: A Possible Role In Cardiovascular Disease Risk Progression?

Conditions
-----------------
Vitamin D Deficiency

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Observation


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Presence of at least twenty teeth CP with a minimum of 40% of sites with a clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥2mm and probing depth (PD) ≥4mm; Presence of at least ≥2 mm of crestal alveolar bone loss verified on digital periapical radiographs Presence of ≥40% sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) Exclusion Criteria: Intake of contraceptives Intake of immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory drugs throughout the last three months prior to the study Status of pregnancy or lactation Previous history of excessive drinking Allergy to local anaesthetic Intake of drugs that may potentially determine gingival hyperplasia such as Hydantoin, Nifedipine, Cyclosporin A or similar drugs.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| 1 - Controls<br>Control Healthy controls | Other: Observation<br>* Evaluation of Vitamin D levels and correlation of Vitamin D levels level with periodontal and cardiovascular disease<br>|
| 2 - SSc<br>SSc Systemic Sclerosis | Other: Observation<br>* Evaluation of Vitamin D levels and correlation of Vitamin D levels level with periodontal and cardiovascular disease<br>|
| 3 - Cardiovascular<br>Cardiovascular Cardiovascular disease | Other: Observation<br>* Evaluation of Vitamin D levels and correlation of Vitamin D levels level with periodontal and cardiovascular disease<br>|
| 4 - SSc+Periodontitis<br>SSc+ Periodontitis Systemic Sclerosis with Periodontitis | Other: Observation<br>* Evaluation of Vitamin D levels and correlation of Vitamin D levels level with periodontal and cardiovascular disease<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vitamin D levels | Evaluation of serum Vitamin D levels | 1 year |