Assessing Dynamic Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging in Patients With Recurrent High Grade Glioma Receiving Chemotherapy

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to learn more about imaging changes induced by a new therapeutic agent, bevacizumab with the standard steroid, dexamethasone in patients with high grade glioma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be used to evaluate the difference between the 2 treatments. The usual contrast agent (gadolinium) and an iron containing contrast agent called ferumoxytol may help us to evaluate the differences between bevacizumab and dexamethasone effects on imaging of a brain tumor called high grade glioma. For this purpose, after intravenous contrast agent injection, special MR scans (called: dynamic perfusion, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability measurement) will be performed to see the microvascular changes in the brain and tumor.

Detailed Description
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Adult patients (>18 years old) with recurrent high grade glioma (confirmed by radiology and tissue sample), who have progressed on prior temozolomide + radiation therapy, will be recruited from the neurology, neurosurgery, or neuro-oncology clinics. Patients will be enrolled if they meet the study inclusion and exclusion criteria Patients will be scanned at four different time-points (4 MRI series) (1) before the beginning of the treatment (base line), (2) Three weeks after the first treatment, (3) Three weeks after the second treatment, and (4) at time of progression of the disease. Each MRI time-point will consist of a series of MRI's on three consecutive days. On the first day, gadolinium (0.1 mmol/kg) will be injected for the MRI scan. On the following day ferumoxytol (2 mg/kg) and on the third day, the MRI scan will be done without additional contrast agent, to see the delayed contrast enhancement of ferumoxytol. Subjects will be on treatment including a chemotherapeutic agent called carboplatin combined with either bevacizumab or dexamethasone; 6 patients will receive carboplatin-bevacizumab, followed by carboplatin-dexamethasone, another 6 patients will receive carboplatin- dexamethasone, followed by carboplatin-bevacizumab. After the 3rd time-point, all the patients will continue on carboplatin-bevacizumab treatment (which is currently not an FDA approved combination for brain tumors, however it is widely used throughout the country).There will be monthly clinical visits with clinical MRI until progression of the disease. There will be a follow up visit, 1 month after the last ferumoxytol injection.

Official Title
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Pilot Study to Compare Dynamic MR Imaging Changes in Patients With Recurrent High Grade Glioma, Receiving an Antiangiogenic Drug, Bevacizumab, Versus Dexamethasone. Dual Agent MR Imaging Study, Using Gadolinium and Ferumoxytol (Code 7228)

Conditions
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Brain Neoplasms

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Ferumoxytol


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Signed Informed Consent Form Age equal or greater than 18 years Histologically confirmed high grade glioma Radiographic demonstration of disease progression following prior therapy of temozolomide + radiation Patient scheduled for bevacizumab + standard IV chemotherapy therapy Bi-dimensionally measurable disease on gadolinium enhanced T1 weighted MR scans An interval of at least 4 weeks since prior surgical resection Patients corticosteroid dose must be 4 mg per day or less. Karnofsky performance status greater than or equal to 50 Life expectancy greater than 12 weeks Ability to comply with study and follow-up procedures Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or nursing females Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements Known liver function insufficiency, stage IV or V renal insufficiency Disease and Treatment History: Prior treatment with bevacizumab, or another vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGFR-targeted agent; Need for urgent palliative intervention for primary disease (e.g., impending herniation Bevacizumab Exclusion Criteria: History of hypertensive encephalopathy; New York Heart Association (NYHA) Grade II or greater congestive heart failure (CHF); History of myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 6 months prior to start of the study; History of stroke or transient ischemic attack within 6 months prior to study enrollment; Significant vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection) or recent peripheral arterial thrombosis within 6 months prior to start of the study; Evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy; on therapeutic anti-coagulants. Subjects unable to undergo an MRI with contrast Ferumoxytol Exclusion Criteria: History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to ferumoxytol: parenteral iron, parenteral dextran, parenteral iron-dextran, or parenteral iron-polysaccharide preparations (Ferumoxytol Investigator's Drug Brochure, 2005). Patients with significant drug or other allergies or autoimmune diseases may be enrolled at the Investigator's discretion Subjects with known or suspected iron overload (genetic hemochromatosis or history of multiple transfusions).Patients with transferrin saturation greater than 60% Inability or unwillingness to undergo the complete series of imaging sessions. Inability or unwillingness to return to the neuro-oncology clinic at Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) for the one month follow-up

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Group 1<br>Both groups will receive an intravenous chemotherapeutic drug (carboplatin). The first study group (n=6) will receive bevacizumab, the antiangiogenic agent for three weeks, then dexamethasone for three weeks. | Drug: Ferumoxytol<br>* 2 mg/kg<br>* Other names: AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Code 7228;|
| Active Comparator: Group 2<br>Both groups will receive an intravenous chemotherapeutic drug (carboplatin). The second study group (n=6) will receive dexamethasone for 3 weeks, then switch to bevacizumab, the antiangiogenic agent, for 3 weeks. | Drug: Ferumoxytol<br>* 2 mg/kg<br>* Other names: AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Code 7228;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The primary objective of this project is to describe quantitative imaging changes of brain tumor vascularity after anti-angiogenic therapy versus steroid therapy. This objective will be accomplished with the following aims and associated hypotheses. |  | 15 weeks | 
| To describe changes of quantitative blood brain barrier permeability measurements (Ktrans) of a standard gadolinium (Gd) MRI contrast between bevacizumab anti-angiogenic therapy and dexamethasone. |  | 15 weeks | 
| To describe relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) changes obtained using ferumoxytol an iron oxide nanoparticle blood pool agent. |  | 15 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To assess vascular dynamic parameters (rCBV and Ktrans) values at progression. |  | at progression | 
| To describe the changes of the vascular dynamic parameters (rCBV, Ktrans) with the changes of standard gadolinium enhancing tumor volume |  | 15 weeks | 
| To describe post contrast tumor volume (enhancement) of gadolinium and ferumoxytol. |  | 15 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ferumoxytol, diagnostic imaging