Plant-based Dietary Protein and Resistance-training Adaptations

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Dietary protein consumption maximizes the anabolic response during resistance training (RT) by triggering muscle protein synthesis and providing the indispensable amino acids for a net positive protein balance. Leucine is considered the key amino acid in this process, suggesting that differences in protein quality may influence RT-induced gains in muscle mass and strength. In general, plant-based protein sources have lower leucine concentrations than animal-based protein sources and human skeletal muscle. In this respect, despite acute evidence on lower anabolic properties of plant- vs. animal-based protein, the effects of an exclusive plant-based dietary protein diet on RT-induced adaptations are currently unknown.

Official Title
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Does Exclusive Consumption of Plant-based Dietary Protein Impair Resistance Training-induced Muscle Adaptations?

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: whey protein
* Dietary Supplement: soy protein


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy young men Vegans ≥ 1 y or omnivorous subjects Physically active but no resistance-trained subjects Without any chronic injury that impairs resistance training performance Protein intake > 0.8 g/protein/kg body weight Exclusion Criteria: Use of creatine or beta-alanine supplements for the last 3 months Use of proteins and/or amino acids supplements for the last 1 month Engagement in specific dietary restrictions Previous use of anabolic steroids Engagement in any training program

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Omnivorous<br>Interventions: Daily protein intake was adjusted to 1.6g/kg/day via supplementation (whey) + 12 weeks of resistance training | Dietary Supplement: whey protein<br>* supplementation individually adjusted to 1.6g/kg/day<br>|
| Experimental: Vegan<br>Interventions: Daily protein intake was adjusted to 1.6g/kg/day via supplementation (soy) + 12 weeks of resistance training | Dietary Supplement: soy protein<br>* supplementation individually adjusted to 1.6g/kg/day<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Muscle cross-sectional area | assessed by mode-B ultrasound | 12 weeks | 
| Muscle strength | assessed by leg-press one-maximum-repetition | 12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Leg lean mass | assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | 12 weeks | 
| fiber cross-sectional area | assessed by muscle biopsy (vastus lateralis) | 12 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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protein source, hypertrophy, resistance training, plant-based protein, omnivorous