Masticatory Efficiency in Children

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to evaluate the association of masticatory efficiency with different conditions of the stomatognathic system (transitioning from primary to secondary dentition, dental caries, malocclusion, tooth loss, prosthodontic treatment) in the paediatric population. Also, to assess the correlation between masticatory efficiency and nutritional status. The study will be conducted on children between 3 and 14 years of age. Masticatory efficiency will be evaluated by the optical scanning method. Participants will chew a standardized silicone tablet controlled by the examiner for 20 masticatory strokes. By scanning the comminuted particles, data on each particle's size will be obtained. Enhanced masticatory performance is presented by a decrease in the chewed particle areas and an increase in the number of chewed particles.

Official Title
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Association of Masticatory Efficiency With the Condition of the Stomatognathic System in Children

Conditions
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Mastication Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Assesment of masticatory efficiency with optical scanning method
* Diagnostic Test: body mass index


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: children of both genders aged 3 to 14, with: full healthy dentition bilateral dental caries stage 4,5 or 6 by ICDAS criteria reduced number of occlusal contacts dentures signed informed consent by participant's parents verbal consent of the children Exclusion Criteria: uncooperative behavior symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction parafunctional habits systemic disturbances that can impact mastication ingestion of medicines that could interfere directly or indirectly with muscular activity tooth anomalies of structure, number or form periodontal disease tooth mobility

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 14 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Healthy<br>healthy complete dentition | Other: Assesment of masticatory efficiency with optical scanning method<br>* Participants will chew a standardized silicone tablet controlled by the examiner for 20 masticatory strokes. By scanning the comminuted particles, data on each particle size will be obtained. Enhanced masticatory performance is presented by a decrease in the chewed particle areas and an increase in the number of chewed particles.<br>Diagnostic Test: body mass index<br>* as an indication of nutritional status<br>|
| Dental caries<br>complete dentition with bilateral dental caries (ICDAS 4,5 or 6) | Other: Assesment of masticatory efficiency with optical scanning method<br>* Participants will chew a standardized silicone tablet controlled by the examiner for 20 masticatory strokes. By scanning the comminuted particles, data on each particle size will be obtained. Enhanced masticatory performance is presented by a decrease in the chewed particle areas and an increase in the number of chewed particles.<br>Diagnostic Test: body mass index<br>* as an indication of nutritional status<br>|
| Occlusal contacts<br>occlusal contacts are lost bilaterally due to extraction, changing dentition or orthodontic anomalies; no dental caries | Other: Assesment of masticatory efficiency with optical scanning method<br>* Participants will chew a standardized silicone tablet controlled by the examiner for 20 masticatory strokes. By scanning the comminuted particles, data on each particle size will be obtained. Enhanced masticatory performance is presented by a decrease in the chewed particle areas and an increase in the number of chewed particles.<br>Diagnostic Test: body mass index<br>* as an indication of nutritional status<br>|
| Dentures<br>patients with dentures, no caries and/or missing occlusal contacts on remaining teeth | Other: Assesment of masticatory efficiency with optical scanning method<br>* Participants will chew a standardized silicone tablet controlled by the examiner for 20 masticatory strokes. By scanning the comminuted particles, data on each particle size will be obtained. Enhanced masticatory performance is presented by a decrease in the chewed particle areas and an increase in the number of chewed particles.<br>Diagnostic Test: body mass index<br>* as an indication of nutritional status<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| level of masticatory efficiency in children | determining the masticator efficiency variable (mean area of chewed particles) with optical scanning method, data comparison between four groups | 2 years | 
| masticatory efficiency and body mass index | determining the correlation of the masticatory efficiency variable (mean area of chewed particles determined by the optical scanning method) with body mass index (weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2) | 2 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| dental caries and masticatory efficiency | determining the correlation of the masticatory efficiency (mean area of chewed particles determined by the optical scanning method) with the number of dental caries | 2 years | 
| occlusal contact and masticatory efficiency | determining the correlation of the masticatory efficiency (mean area of chewed particles determined by the optical scanning method) with the number of lost occlusal contacts | 2 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Body Mass Index, Child, Mastication, Stomatognathic Diseases, Particle size