The Effect of Priming Intravenous Rocuronium on Fentanyl-Induced Coughing

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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An intravenous bolus of fentanyl often induces a cough reflex. This study investigates whether priming with rocuronium can attenuate fentanyl-induced coughing effectively.

Detailed Description
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Fentanyl is widely used for analgesia and anesthesia because of its rapid onset, its intense analgesic effect, and is associated with lessened cardiovascular depression and low histamine release. Although the cough reflex is usually transient and self-limiting, it should be avoided in situations such as elevated intracranial, intraocular, or intra-abdominal pressure, and unstable hemodynamics. The cause of FIC is unclear. One hypothesis is that vocal cord spasms might induce coughing because of fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity and histamine release. Muscle relaxants are commonly used to treat this condition. This study hypothesizes that priming muscle relaxants could prevent or suppress FIC. This study investigates whether the muscle relaxant rocuronium attenuates FIC effectively.

Conditions
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Fentanyl-induced Coughing

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Rocuronium


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 260 ASA I-II patients, aged between 18 and 80 years, and undergoing various elective surgeries at Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital. Exclusion Criteria: a history of asthma, chronic cough, smoking, upper respiratory tract infection in the previous 2 weeks, and medication containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or anesthetic premedication.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Rocuronium, fentanyl-induced cough, normal saline<br>All patients were given oxygen via a face mask. The patients were then administered with the following medications intravenously: the rocuronium group received rocuronium 0.06 mg kg-1 30 s before the injection of an IV fentanyl bolus (1.5 mcg kg-1, within 2 s). | Drug: Rocuronium<br>* All patients were given oxygen via a face mask. The patients were then administered with the following medications intravenously: the rocuronium group received rocuronium 0.06 mg kg-1, and the control group received the same volume of normal saline 30 s before the injection of an IV fentanyl bolus (1.5 mcg kg-1, within 2 s).<br>|
| No Intervention: Normal saline<br>All patients were given oxygen via a face mask. The patients were then administered with the following medications intravenously: the control group received the same volume of normal saline 30 s before the injection of an IV fentanyl bolus (1.5 mcg kg-1, within 2 s). | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Incidence of fentanyl-induced coughing | Following the fentanyl injection, another anesthetist who was blind to the pretreatment recorded the number of coughs for 1 min. The severity of coughing was graded as mild (1-2 times), moderate (3-5 times), or severe (> 5 times) based on the number of coughs within the 1 min following the fentanyl injection. Assisted mask ventilation with oxygen was supplied if desaturation occurred (SpO2 < 90%). | 2 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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fentanyl-induced coughing, rocuronium