Effects of Resveratrol Supplements on Vascular Health in Postmenopausal Women

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators hope to learn if resveratrol supplementation can be beneficial for the cardiovascular system. Seeing that resveratrol is rapidly metabolized, the investigators are interested in learning if a novel form of resveratrol, ResA, which is a mixture of resveratrol with amino acid, may have greater bioavailability and lead to greater improvement in vascular function, compared to standard resveratrol supplement.

Detailed Description
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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. To reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its associated health care costs, nutrition and health recommendations strongly advocate the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. In addition to essential vitamins and minerals, fruits and vegetables contain a number of bioactive compounds that may be involved in vascular function. The French Paradox refers to diet patterns that, despite being high in saturated fat, are associated with a relatively low cardiovascular risk. An important aspect of many of the diets that were identified in the French Paradox studies is a significant intake of wine, particularly red wine, which can contain an array of phytochemicals that have been postulated to improve cardiovascular health. A polyphenolic that has received particular attention is this regard is resveratrol. The stilbene resveratrol is found predominately in red grapes, red wine, peanuts and some berries, and it has been touted in the popular press for its potential health-promoting benefits. Emerging evidence suggests a role for resveratrol in the protection against numerous degenerative health problems including CVD and certain cancers, diabetes and some forms of neurodegeneration. The amount of resveratrol in most foods is very low; thus obtaining the amounts of this compound that have been associated with improved health in animal models is difficult for humans. ResA is a product produced using patented technology that physically binds resveratrol to arginine, creating a novel conjugate. In the preliminary studies the ResA conjugate produced higher peak plasma levels, as well as total plasma levels that persist for a longer period of time when fed to rats. Whether similar results would occur in humans, and the extent to which increasing blood resveratrol concentration can be associated with positive cardiovascular effects in an at-risk population is the subject of this project.

Official Title
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Effects of Resveratrol Supplements on Vascular Health in Postmenopausal Women

Conditions
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Cardiovascular Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: ResA
* Dietary Supplement: Resveratrol
* Dietary Supplement: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 50 to 70 years of age Lack of menses in the last year and FSH 23-116.3 mlU/mL Subject is willing and able to comply with the study protocols. Subject is willing to consume resveratrol supplements/placebo capsules on three separate occasions. BMI 18.5-34.9 kg/m2 Weight ≥ 110 pounds LDL-C ≥ 130 mg/dL Exclusion Criteria: BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 Self reported use of anticoagulation agents including NSAIDs Self reported use of oral cortisone or other immunosuppressive agents, Self reported underlying neoplasia or immunological disease Food faddists or those taking a non-traditional diet Self reported physical activity restricted or reduced due to chronic health conditions Self reported diabetes Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg PFA-100 readings 10 % outside of normal reference range (normal reference range for ADP-Collagen: 71-118 sec; Epinephrine-Collagen: 94-193 sec). Self reported renal or liver disease Self reported heart disease, which includes cardiovascular events and stroke Self reported Cushing's syndrome Self reported chronic/routine high intensity exercise Inability to properly place or wear the PAT probes or abnormal measurements on pre-screening PAT Abnormal Liver, CBC or Chemistry panels (laboratory values outside the reference range) if determined to be clinically significant. Self reported cancer within past 5 years Self reported history of psychiatric disorders i.e. schizophrenia or bi-polar or depression treated with antidepressants within the last 1 year. Self reported use of MAOI inhibitor within the last 1 year (e.g. phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), etc) Self reported malabsorption (e.g. difficulty digesting or absorbing nutrients from food,

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Resveratrol<br>The capsules will contain 90mg of resveratrol. | Dietary Supplement: Resveratrol<br>* 90mg of resveratrol.<br>|
| Experimental: ResA<br>ResA is a product produced by using patented technology that physically binds resveratrol to arginine, creating a novel conjugate. The capsules will contain 90mg of resveratrol. | Dietary Supplement: ResA<br>* 90mg of resveratrol conjugated with arginine.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>The placebo will be cellulose. | Dietary Supplement: Placebo<br>* Made up of cellulose.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bioavailability of a novel formulation of resveratrol (ResA) compared to a standard resveratrol supplement | We will assess metabolites concentrations of resveratrol and ResA in plasma via HPLC method. | up to 2 hour after consumption | 
| Change in vascular function in response to ResA compared to native resveratrol | We will assess changes in vascular function measured by peripheral arterial tonometry. | up to 2 hours after consumption | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in platelet reactivity in response to ResA intake | We will assess platelet function in response to ADP, collagen and arachidonic acid as measured by platelet aggregometer. | 1 hour after consumption | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Cardiovascular disease