The Effect of Progressive Relaxation Exercise on Pain and Kinesiophobia After Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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We aimed to assess the influence of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on kinesiophobia and pain during after lumbar disc surgery using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale in a prospective, randomized fashion.

Detailed Description
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Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common disease that is common in the society and limits the activities of individuals in daily life. Pain, which is an undesirable but expected result of surgical interventions, which are used in the treatment of diseases and play an important role in increasing the health level of people, is one of the most common postoperative complaints. The pain is sometimes severe enough to impede movement and causes paravertebral muscle spasm. Pain can also cause kinesiophobia, which is a factor that limits the person's physical activities. This study was conducted to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on kinesiophobia, which can be seen in parallel with pain in the postoperative period, on the pain level of patients after LDH surgery and on the kinesiophobia experienced in parallel. The following hypotheses (H) were tested in this study: H1. Progressive muscle relaxation exercise has an effect on reducing pain after LDH surgery. H2. Progressive muscle relaxation exercise has an effect on reducing kinesiophobia after LDH surgery.

Official Title
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The Effect of Progressive Relaxation Exercise on Pain and Kinesiophobia After Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery

Conditions
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Lumbar Disc Herniation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Progressive relaxation exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: • The patients included in the study had lumbar microdiscectomy surgery, Patients aged 18 and over Patients should not have any problems that would prevent them from expressing their pain level correctly and from understanding the information given, The patients do not have any psychological disorders, The patients do not have any other acute disease that will cause pain. Exclusion Criteria: • Being diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder, A complication (bleeding, hospital infection, etc.) developed in the patients before, during and after the operation within three days, Not knowing Turkish.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Randomized controlled trial
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental<br>Routine maintenance and Progressive relaxation exercise practice | Other: Progressive relaxation exercise<br>* Progressive relaxation exercise is a type of exercise that involves voluntary stretching and relaxation of major muscle groups in the human body, from the hands to the feet.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Routine maintenance | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale | : It is a 17-item scale. It gets a total score between 17-68. A high score on the scale indicates a high level of kinesiophobia. | the day before the surgery | 
| Visual Analogue Scale | It is the scale used to measure the severity of pain in patients. It is a scale whose beginning is -0- no pain, and the other end is -10- very severe pain and each cm is given a numerical value at 1 centimeter (cm) intervals. | the day before the surgery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale | It is a 17-item scale. It gets a total score between 17-68. A high score on the scale indicates a high level of kinesiophobia. | third day after surgery | 
| Visual Analogue Scale | It is the scale used to measure the severity of pain in patients. It is a scale whose beginning is -0- no pain, and the other end is -10- very severe pain and each cm is given a numerical value at 1 centimeter (cm) intervals. | third day after surgery |