FURosemide Stress Test to Predict Need of Renal Replacement THERapy in Ischemic Acute Tubular Necrosis in ICU

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is one of the main cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care units (ICU). Sepsis and cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) are major providers. There is no validated tool to predict the evolution of AKI is ICU. Furosemide Stress Test (FST) may predict evolution of ATN-related AKI outside ICU in terms of progressive AKI, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) or inpatient mortality with improved performance comparing to biomarkers. FST has not been validated in a prospective cohort in ICU in the settings of ischemic ATN. FURTHER aim to determine whether FST would be a useful tool to identify patients with slight to moderate AKI (KDIGO stage 1 and 2) who will evolve towards need for RRT following AKIKI (The Artificial Kidney Initiation in Kidney Injury ) delayed initiation criteria.

Detailed Description
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FURTHER will enroll consecutive patients with AKI KDIGO stage 1 or 2 associated with a sepsis or following a cardiac surgery with CPB within 72h. Patients must have achieved a hemodynamic stabilization confirmed by clinical (no need for intravenous fluids, no significant variation of noradrenaline) and non-clinical (trans-thoracic echocardiography, passive leg rise or other validated tool) assessment. Included patients will receive 1 to 1.5 mg/kg of FUROSEMIDE. Urine output will be measured for 6 hours and compensated by the same volume of intravenous crystalloids. Need for RRT will be assess at 2-hour, 6-hour and daily up to day 7, following the AKIKI-study delayed initiation arm criteria. FURTHER aim to evaluate FST in a well-defined prospective cohort of ischemic ATN-related AKI as predictor of need for RRT within a week.

Official Title
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FURosemide Stress Test to Predict Need of Renal Replacement THERapy in Ischemic Acute Tubular Necrosis in ICU

Conditions
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Acute Kidney Injury

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Furosemide


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age over 18 years old Hospitalized in ICU at day of inclusion Diagnosis of sepsis defined as proven or suspected infection and increase of the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score by 2 points or more compared to basal OR Cardiothoracic surgery with CBP (Cardiopulmonary bypass) within 72 hours before inclusion Adequate cardiac output and volemia assessed by cardiac ultrasound, venous saturation in Oxygen (ScVO2) or ΔPP Hemodynamic stabilization : stable norepinephrine dosage (or <20% variations) with no vascular filling during the last 3 hours AKI stage I or II in KDIGO classification Exclusion Criteria: Chronic Kidney Disease with glomerular filtration rate ≤ 30 ml/mn/1,73m2 Obstructive AKI AKI stage III in KDIGO classification Known allergy to loop diuretics Contraindications to Furosemide FST not feasible within 12 hours of eligibility Previous AKI during the same hospitalization Pregnancy or breastfeeding women Subject under a legal protective measure No affiliation to a social regime or CMU

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Prospective, non-comparative, multicenter, study
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: FST<br>FUROSEMIDE STRESS TEST | Drug: Furosemide<br>* Furosemide (FUROSEMIDE®) 20 mg / 2ml, ampoule for injection 1 mg / kg slow intravenous injection 1.5 mg / kg if chronic exposure to diuretics in the week prior to inclusion Measurement of urine output after two and six hours. Compensation of diuresis by same volume of crystalloids over a 6-hour period<br>* Other names: furosemide stress test;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Need for renal replacement therapy or death | Need for renal replacement therapy will be define according to the AKIKI study (Gaudry S, Hajage D, Schortgen F, Martin-Lefevre L, Pons B, Boulet E, et al. Initiation Strategies for Renal-Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jul 14;375(2):122-33). Need for RRT following AKIKI delayed initiation criteria. FST performance will be compared to the need of RRT or death. | Before day 7 | 
| sensitivity | FST will be positive if patient is non responder : 2-hour urine output < 200mL | 3 hour after FST | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 6 hour urine output | measurement of urine out | 6 hour after FST | 
| percentage of effective renal replacement therapy | Initiation of RRT | daily up to day 7 | 
| death |  | daily up to day 7 | 
| hemodynamic safety: noradrenaline dose | noradrenaline dose | 6 hour after FST | 
| clinical safety: arterial pressure | modification of systolic, diastolic or mean arterial blood pressure | 6 hour after FST | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury, Intensive care units, AKI, ICU, FST, FUROSEMIDE STRESS TEST, RRT, Renal Replacement Therapy, sepsis, Cardio-pulmonary bypass