Bioavailability of Carotenoids and Flavonoids From Fresh Oranges and Orange Juice.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study was designed as a randomized 2-way cross-over study to assess the bioavailability of carotenoids and flavonoids from sweet oranges and orange juice. Volunteers followed a wash-out period for 2 weeks prior to eating either 400 g of fresh oranges or 719 g of orange juice. The amount of test food was adjusted to deliver an equal amount of β-cryptoxanthin (740 µg). After a consecutive wash-out period of 2 weeks, the procedure was repeated and the volunteers ingested the complementary test food. Blood samples were collected at 8 time points up to 9.5 h after test meal consumption. Additionally, 24 h-urine was collected to evaluate flavonoid recovery.

Official Title
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Bioavailability of Carotenoids and Flavonoids From Fresh Oranges and Orange Juice.

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Fresh orange fruit and pasteurized fruit juice


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy adult men and women BMI: 17-60 Age: 18-65 Exclusion Criteria: Women who are lactating or pregnant or plan to be pregnant Individuals using tobacco products Individuals with metabolic or malabsorption disorders Individuals with a history of cancer Individuals with a history of liver insufficiency Individuals with a history of chronic and lipid metabolism-related diseases Individuals with an allergy to oranges Obese individuals (BMI > 30)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 23 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Orange Fruit - Orange Juice<br>Sequence of test foods during the intervention period: 1st: Orange fruit; 2nd: Orange juice | Other: Fresh orange fruit and pasteurized fruit juice<br> <br> |
| Experimental: Orange Juice - Orange Fruit<br>Sequence of test foods during the intervention period: 1st: Orange juice; 2nd: Orange fruit | Other: Fresh orange fruit and pasteurized fruit juice<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mean AUC (nmol/L*9.5 h) of beta-cryptoxanthin concentration in blood plasma chylomicrons after ingestion of fresh oranges and orange juice, respectively. |  | 0 - 9.5 h after each intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mean AUC of hesperidin- and narirutin-metabolite concentration in blood plasma after ingestion of fresh oranges and orange juice, respectively. |  | 0 - 9.5 h after each intervention | 
| Mean hesperetin and naringenin concentration (µmol/L) in 24 h-urine after ingestion of fresh oranges and orange juice, respectively. |  | 0 - 24 h after each intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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carotenoid, bioavailability, beta-cryptoxanthin, flavonoid, hesperidin, narirutin, randomized cross-over, Pharmacokinetics, micronutrients, Oranges/Orange Juice