Mindfulness-based Short Intervention for Seniors - Decentering Effects on Cognitive Functions and Psychological Distress

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The present study examined the effect of a short Mindfulness-based intervention emphasizing a 'decentering' component on elderly seniors. Methods: 30 community seniors (Mage= 74.7) performed either 'decentering' intervention, guided imagery intervention, or control care as usual. The 8-week interventions included weekly 20-minute sessions and daily 10-minute home practice. Participants underwent a cognitive and emotional assessment before and after the interventions, which included filling out questionnaires and performing the Simon task. Trial registration: The study follows the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, approved by the committee in Beer-Yaacov Hospital, Israel (number 579) on 24 Oct. 2017.

Official Title
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Mindfulness-based Short Intervention for Seniors - Decentering Effects on Cognitive Functions and Psychological Distress

Conditions
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Old Age; Debility, Psychological Distress, Cognitive Change

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: decentering
* Behavioral: guided imagery


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age 65 and above membership in the study's specific enrollment community centers scoring 24 and above in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Exclusion Criteria: age under 65 not being a member in the study's specific enrollment community centers scoring under 24 in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: decentering group<br>MBSR focused on a decentering component (i.e. individuals observe their feelings and thoughts as ephemeral events, with no reactivity, alongside with acceptance). | Behavioral: decentering<br>* examined a mindfulness-based intervention focused on a decentering component, that is suitable for elders, aimed to influence on cognitive measures and psychological distress.<br>|
| Experimental: guided imagery group<br>a group practicing in guided imagery sessions. | Behavioral: guided imagery<br>* relaxing guided imagery including breathing exercises.<br>|
| No Intervention: control group<br>usual care group | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Simon task- change from baseline to after intervention | a cognitive task, assessing control processes under speeded conditions, measured by response time and accuracy rate. shorter response time and higher accuracy rate indicate better performance. | at baseline and through intervention's completion, 10 weeks. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| FFMQ- change from baseline to after intervention | The Five-Fact Mindfulness Questionnaire, a manipulation check of mindfulness, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher score indicating higher mindfulness level | at baseline and through intervention's completion, 10 weeks. | 
| PWB questionnaire- change from baseline to after intervention | The Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire, ranging from 1 to 6, with higher score indicating higher well-being level | at baseline and through intervention's completion, 10 weeks. | 
| MMSE- change from baseline to after intervention | the Mini-Mental State examination: a cognitive function measure for elders, used to determine participation eligibility. the animation score ranges between 0 to 30, with higher score indicating better cognitive functioning | at baseline and through intervention's completion, 10 weeks. | 
| PHQ-9- change from baseline to after intervention | The Patient Health Questionnaire - a depression levels measure, ranging from 0 to 3, with higher score indicating higher depression level | at baseline and through intervention's completion, 10 weeks. | 
| BDI-II- change from baseline to after intervention | The Beck Depression Inventory-II- a depression levels measure, ranging from 1 to 4, with higher score indicating higher depression level | at baseline and through intervention's completion, 10 weeks. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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elderly, MBSR, cognitive functions, psychological status