Comparison of the Effects of Physical Therapy With and Without Magnetic Field Therapy in People With Low Back Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A randomized and controlled trial to people with low back pain who are divided into 2 groups of treatment: 1- people treated with a protocol of physical therapy techniques without magnetic field therapy; 2- people treated with the same protocol of physical therapy techniques adding a magnetic stimulation treatment. The interventions are conducted in 3 sessions provided during 3 weeks.The lumbar pain and disability are assessed before and after the intervention, and lumbar flexion and extension pain are assessed before and after each session in all the participants.

Detailed Description
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This study is a randomized controlled trial evaluating clinical effects of a protocol of Physical Therapy Treatment (PTT), via manual therapy and active mobilization, adding or not a magnetic field therapy in people with non-specific low back pain lasting at least 6 weeks. Participants were randomized to receive either a PTT protocol including a magnetic stimulation treatment or the same PTT protocol with a sham magnetic intervention. The interventions are conducted in 3 sessions provided during 3 weeks. Intervention: A description of the 2 groups of treatment: - Experimental group 1: a protocol of physical therapy treatment including: Manual therapy techniques for inhibition of piriformis, quadratus lumbar, and paravertebral muscles in prone position and bilaterally. 2 functional techniques applied to the sacrum in prone position. A myofascial release of ligaments inserted to the sacrum in prone position and bilaterally. Manual therapy technique for inhibition of psoas-iliacus muscle in supine position and bilaterally. Stretching techniques of piriformis, gluteal and paravertebral muscles in supine position and bilaterally. Active gluteus maximus contraction in supine position bilaterally. To this protocol, a 15 minutes of magnetic field therapy treatment applied to the lumbosacral region in prone position is added. - Experimental group 2: the same Physical Therapy Treatment protocol with a sham magnetic intervention applying in the same region with a disconnected device during 15 minutes.

Official Title
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Comparison of the Effects of Physical Therapy With and Without Magnetic Field Therapy in People With Low Back Pain

Conditions
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Low Back Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Group 1 (Physical Therapy+Magnetic Field Therapy)
* Other: Group 2 (Physical Therapy)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: The inclusion criteria were individuals aged between 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of non-specific low back pain, with or without lower limb irradiation, lasting at least 6 weeks. Exclusion Criteria: Pregnancy, spinal tumor or infection, diabetes, spinal fracture or previous spine surgery. Patients with a history of rehabilitation treatment for back pain within the preceding month Unstable medical disorder not controlled by standard treatment and those with a cardiac pacemaker or using any other electrical devices or prosthesis.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This study is a randomized controlled trial evaluating clinical effects in people with low back pain who are divided into 2 groups of treatment, where the interventions are conducted in 3 sessions provided during 3 weeks.
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group 1 (Physical Therapy+Magnetic Field Therapy)<br>Physical Therapy Protocol plus Magnetic Field Therapy A protocol of physical therapy treatment including: Manual therapy techniques for inhibition of piriformis, quadratus lumbaris, and paravertebral muscles in prone position and bilaterally. 2 functional techniques applied to the sacrum in prone position. A myofascial release of ligaments inserted to the sacrum in prone position and bilaterally. Manual therapy technique for inhibition of psoas-iliacus muscle in supine position and bilaterally. Stretching techniques of piriformis, gluteal and paravertebral muscles in supine position and bilaterally. Active gluteus maximus contraction in supine position bilaterally. To this protocol, a 15 minutes of Magnetic Field Therapy using the Zimmer EmfieldPro device (Zimmer MedizinSysteme, Germany) applied to the lumbosacral region in prone position is added. | Other: Group 1 (Physical Therapy+Magnetic Field Therapy)<br>* A Physical Therapy Protocol (including manual therapy, stretching and exercise for low back pain) adding a Magnetic Field Therapy using the Zimmer EmfieldPro device (Zimmer MedizinSysteme, Germany)<br>* Other names: physical therapy and magnetic field therapy for low back pain;|
| Active Comparator: Group 2 (Physical Therapy)<br>Physical Therapy Protocol alone: The same Physical Therapy Treatment protocol with a sham magnetic intervention applying in the same region with a disconnected Zimmer EmfieldPro device (Zimmer MedizinSysteme, Germany) during 15 minutes. | Other: Group 2 (Physical Therapy)<br>* A Physical Therapy Protocol (including manual therapy, stretching and exercise for low back pain)<br>* Other names: physical therapy for low back pain;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lumbar pain change with the Pain Detect Questionnaire | lumbar pain at this moment and in the last 4 weeks evaluated with the Pain Detect Questionnaire. The Questionnaire has a maximum score of 35 and a minimum score of 0. Lower scores mean a better outcome. | Change from Baseline Lumbar pain at 4 weeks. | 
| Disability Questionnaire 1 change | Disability Questionnaire assessed with the Roland-Morris Questionnaire. The Questionnaire has a maximum score of 24 and a minimum score of 0. Lower scores mean a better outcome. | Change from Baseline degree of diability at 4 weeks. | 
| Disability Questionnaire 2 change | Disability Questionnaire 2 assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index. The Oswestry Disability Index is scored from 0 (absence of disability) to 100 (maximum disability). This questionnaire has 10 multiple-choice questions, each of which may be scored between 0 (no disability) and 5 (maximum disability). Lower scores mean a better outcome. | Change from Baseline degree of diability at 4 weeks. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lumbar flexion Numerical Rating Scale | Lumbar flexion evaluated with a Numerical Rating Scale. The minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 10. Lower scores mean a better outcome. | 4 weeks (immediately before and after each of the sessions) | 
| Lumbar extension Numerical Rating Scale | Lumbar extension evaluated with a Numerical Rating Scale. The minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 10. Lower scores mean a better outcome. | 4 weeks (immediately before and after each of the sessions) | 
| Finger to Floor test | Lumbar mobility evaluated with the finger-to-floor test, assessed before and after each session in all the participants. The minimum value is 0 centimeters and the maximum value depending the flexibility os each participant and the distance, in centimeters between fingers anthe floor. Lower distance in centimeters means a better outcome. | 4 weeks (immediately before and after each of the sessions) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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rehabilitation, magnetic field therapy, low back pain, physical therapy