Safety and Efficacy of LCI699 in Cushing's Disease Patients

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This exploratory study is a proof of concept study to determine whether LCI699 can safely reduce the level of urinary free cortisol in patients with Cushing's disease. In addition, this study evaluated the long term efficacy and safety of LCI699 including an additional 12 week of treatment followed by a 12 month long term optional extension. A second extension provided patients who were clinically benefitting from LCI699 an opportunity to continue to have access to the drug until LCI699 was commercially available and reimbursed or through the availability of a local access program.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The Primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of 10-week treatment osilodrostat on 24 hour urine free cortisol (UFC) in patients with Cushing's disease. The study consisted of a screening period of up to 60 days (to allow an adequate washout period for any medications that modified cortisol levels), a 10-14-day baseline period, a 10-week sequential dose escalation treatment period and a 14-day washout period followed by a Study Completion evaluation approximately 14 days after the last drug administration. Twelve patients were recruited and completed Part l of the study. Eligible patients were dosed at 2 mg b.i.d for the first two weeks, the dose could then be increased every two weeks as necessary (to doses of 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg b.i.d). If at anytime, the subject's UFC was < Upper Limit of Normal (ULN), dose escalation was halted and the subject remained on the current, efficacious dose through Week 10, with continued monitoring of UFC responses every 2 weeks to allow continued dose adjustments if necessary. If at any time the subject experienced side effects which were either intolerable or met dose adjustment criteria, the prescribed dose was adjusted. The primary endpoint (UFC ≤ ULN or ≥50% decrease at Day 70) was achieved by all patients. Subsequently, in order to confirm these observations, protocol was amended (Protocol amendment 4) and new patients were enrolled and investigated for a longer treatment period. Following Protocol amendment 4, the study design was modified to include patients in Part II of the study for evaluating the long-term efficacy and safety of osilodrostat treatment for 22 weeks. Nineteen patients (15 who were treated in the expansion cohort in Part ll and 4 who participated in Part l) with Cushing's disease were enrolled as part of the Expansion cohort in Part II of the study. The 12 patients who had entered the study in Part I, were allowed to re-enter the study as the Core proof of concept (PoC) Follow-up cohort. At Day 70 ± 2 days (Week 10), all patients (both patients entering for the first time and those reentering the study) entered the 12-week assessment period. At Day 154, patients completed the End of Treatment-Core visit. On Day 154 (Week 22), patients had the option to enter the 12-month extension phase (long-term extension 1). On Day 490, patients who continued in the study had the option to enter a second long term extension phase (extension-2) at the Investigator's discretion, provided they did not meet any of the study discontinuation criteria.

Official Title
-----------------
A Proof of Concept, Open-label, Forced Titration, Multi-center Study to Assess the Safety/Tolerability and Efficacy of 10-weeks Treatment of LCI699 in Patients With Cushing's Disease

Conditions
-----------------
Cushings Disease, Cushing Disease

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Drug: LCI699


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Cushing's Disease (persistent or recurrent) as evidenced by increased 24-hour urine free cortisol (UFC), normal or increased morning plasma Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), and pituitary origin of excess ACTH. Patients with de novo Cushing's disease can be included only if they are not considered candidate for surgery Exclusion Criteria: Patients treated with mitotane 6 months prior to Visit 1 Patients with compression of the optic chiasm Patients with a known inherited syndrome as the cause for hormone over secretion Patients with Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion or adrenal Cushing's syndrome Patients with pseudo-Cushing's syndrome Patients who are not biochemically euthyroid Diabetic patients with poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c >9%) Women of child-bearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, unless they are using highly effective methods of contraception during dosing and for 1 week after completion of dosing. Patients who have received pituitary irradiation within five years prior to Visit 1. Patients with risk factors for QTc prolongation or Torsade de Pointes.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Part l: Core cohort<br>Participants took an ascending dose of LCI699 (osilodrostat) from 2mg bid or 5 mg bid, up to 30 mg bid and participated in Part I of this study. 4 patients in this cohort moved to Part II of the study | Drug: LCI699<br>* Osilodrostat 1 mg and 5 mg capsules, was prepared by Novartis and supplied to the Investigator. The capsule formulation of osilodrostat was later changed to tablets and this change was implemented in the study with Protocol amendment 6. Osilodrostat was open labeled 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg tablets.<br>* Other names: osilodrastat;|
| Experimental: Part II Core: Expansion cohort<br>Participants took an ascending dose from 2mg bid or 5 mg bid, up to 30 mg bid and participated in the Part II Core Expansion of this study. These patients were all newly enrolled into the phase II part of the study | Drug: LCI699<br>* Osilodrostat 1 mg and 5 mg capsules, was prepared by Novartis and supplied to the Investigator. The capsule formulation of osilodrostat was later changed to tablets and this change was implemented in the study with Protocol amendment 6. Osilodrostat was open labeled 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg tablets.<br>* Other names: osilodrastat;|
| Experimental: Part II Core: Follow-up cohort<br>Participants took an ascending dose from 2mg bid or 5 mg bid, up to 30 mg bid and participated in the Part II Core Follow-up of this study. These patients were patients who transferred from Part I Core phase of the study | Drug: LCI699<br>* Osilodrostat 1 mg and 5 mg capsules, was prepared by Novartis and supplied to the Investigator. The capsule formulation of osilodrostat was later changed to tablets and this change was implemented in the study with Protocol amendment 6. Osilodrostat was open labeled 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg tablets.<br>* Other names: osilodrastat;|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Percentage of Responders to LCI699 Based on the Change in Mean Urinary Free Cortisol (UFC) From Baseline to Week 10 | A patient was considered to be a responder if his/her mean UFC level from the three 24-hour urine samples collected at Week 10 was ≤ Upper Limit of Normal (ULN), as defined by the local laboratories, or represented a ≥50% decrease from baseline. Patients who discontinued for a disease or treatment related reason (e.g. death, adverse event, clinical disease progression etc.), or whose mean Week 10 24-hour UFC levels were higher than the normal limit and experienced <50% decrease in UFC were classified as non-responders. | 10 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA)-Axis: 11- Deoxycorticosterone (Overall) | Change in Deoxycorticosterone over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: 11-Deoxycortisol (Overall) | Change in Deoxycortisol over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Aldosterone, Thyroxine, Free (T4) | Change in aldosterone & thyroxine, free over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Estradiol (Female) | Change in Estradiol in females over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Estradiol (Male) | Change in Estradiol in males over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Follicle Stimulation Hormone (FSH) (Female) | Change in FSH in females over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Follicle Stimulation Hormone (Male) | Change in FSH in males over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Renin, Insulin, Thyrotropin | Change in Renin, Insulin & Thyrotropin over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 | Change in Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Luteinising Hormone (LH) (Female) | Change in LH in females over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: LH (Male) | Change in LH in males over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Testosterone (Female) | Change in Testosterone in females over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From Baseline (BL) in Steroid Hormones of HPA-axis: Testosterone (Male) | Change in Testosterone in males over time. | baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value (LOV), up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Fasting Glucose | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) (Glycosylated Hemoglobin) | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Cholesterol, LDL Cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol, Triglycerides | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Weight | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Body Mass Index (BMI) | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Actual Change From BL in Cardiovascular and Other Metabolic Parameters: Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) | Improving metabolic abnormalities was assessed by descriptive statistics on the change from baseline. QUICKI is the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and is derived using the inverse of the sum of algorithms (base 10) of the fasting insulin and fasting glucose: 1/(log(fasting insulin mU/mL)+log(fasting glucose mg/dL)). Values typically associated with the QUICKI calculation for insulin resistance in humans fall broadly within a range between 0.45 for unusually healthy individuals and 0.30 in diabetics. So lower numbers reflect greater insulin resistance. | Baseline, Week 22, Week 70, Last observed value, up to Month 88 | 
| Pharmacokinetics (PK) Parameters: Area Under Curve (AUC)0-6h ss, AUC0-12h ss | Trough PK concentrations and PK profiles at steady-state were collected. The AUC from time 0 to 12 h post dose at steady state, calculated by using the predose concentration (Ctrough,ss) as the 12 h concentration, assuming steady-state has been reached. | pre-dose (0 hour), 1, 1.5, 2, 4 and 6 hours post AM dose for escalation dose or pre-dose (trough) for maintained dose | 
| PK Parameters: Cmax ss, Ctrough ss | Trough PK concentrations and PK profiles at steady-state were collected. | pre-dose (0 hour), 1, 1.5, 2, 4 and 6 hours post AM dose for escalation dose or pre-dose (trough) for maintained dose | 
| PK Parameters: Tmax ss, | Trough PK concentrations and PK profiles at steady-state were collected. | pre-dose (0 hour), 1, 1.5, 2, 4 and 6 hours post AM dose for escalation dose or pre-dose (trough) for maintained dose | 
| PK Parameters: T1/2 ss, | Trough PK concentrations and PK profiles at steady-state were collected. | pre-dose (0 hour), 1, 1.5, 2, 4 and 6 hours post AM dose for escalation dose or pre-dose (trough) for maintained dose | 
| Percentage of Participants Who Were Responders on 24-hour Urine Free Cortisol (UFC) at Week 22 | A patient was considered to be a responder if his/her mean UFC level from the three 24-hour urine samples collected at Week 22 was ≤ ULN (as defined by the local laboratories) or represented a ≥50% decrease from baseline. Participants with controlled or partially controlled UFC were defined as: Controlled UFC: mean UFC level <= upper limit of normal (ULN). Partially controlled UFC: mean UFC level > ULN but with >= 50% reduction from baseline. | Week 22 | 
| Number of Participants With Escape | Escape is defined as loss of UFC control (i.e. UFC > ULN) on at least 2 consecutive visits at the highest tolerated dose after previously attaining UFC normalization) | approx. 7 years | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Cushing Disease, osilodrostat, LCI699, Pituitary Gland, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone