Entamoeba Gingivalis and Periodontal Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This current study aims to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis infection and the specter of gingivitis & chronic periodontitis among Egyptian patients in comparison to healthy volunteers as a control group.

Detailed Description
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Three groups will be included in the current study. 40 Plaque samples will be collected from gingivitis patients (group 1), 40 from chronic periodontitis patients (group 2) plus 40 samples from healthy volunteers (group 3). Diagnosis of parasitic stages will rely on direct microscopic detection using permanent stains, Trichrome stain and haematoxylin and eosin stain in addition to direct wet mount examination.

Official Title
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Is Entamoeba Gingivalis A Risk Factor In Periodontal Diseases

Conditions
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Periodontal Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Plaque Samples


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Chronic Gingivitis patients with signs of clinical inflammation with no clinical attachment loss. Chronic Periodontitis patients having probing depth of ≥3 mm and clinical attachment level ≥ 1 mm. The control group: healthy subjects who attend the restorative dental clinic and had clinically healthy gingiva. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with any systemic diseases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 35 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Periodontally healthy subjects<br>They will be selected from healthy subjects who attend the restorative dental clinic and has clinically healthy gingiva with zero plaque index, gingival index and clinical attachment level & probing depth ≤ 3 mm. Plaque samples will be collected. | Other: Plaque Samples<br>* After carefully drying of the selected site and isolation by cotton roll, plaque samples will be collected by sweeping movement of the probe at gingival crevices of the tooth aspect with pervious inclusion criteria for obtaining of the plaque sample. Samples will be immediately dipped in sterile Eppendorf tubes containing PVA.<br>|
| Chronic Periodontitis<br>Chronic periodontitis patients having probing depth of ≥3 mm and clinical attachment level ≥ 1 mm. Plaque samples will be collected. | Other: Plaque Samples<br>* After carefully drying of the selected site and isolation by cotton roll, plaque samples will be collected by sweeping movement of the probe at gingival crevices of the tooth aspect with pervious inclusion criteria for obtaining of the plaque sample. Samples will be immediately dipped in sterile Eppendorf tubes containing PVA.<br>|
| Chronic Gingivitis<br>Gingivitis patients having signs of clinical inflammation with no clinical attachment loss. Plaque samples will be collected | Other: Plaque Samples<br>* After carefully drying of the selected site and isolation by cotton roll, plaque samples will be collected by sweeping movement of the probe at gingival crevices of the tooth aspect with pervious inclusion criteria for obtaining of the plaque sample. Samples will be immediately dipped in sterile Eppendorf tubes containing PVA.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Presence of Entamoaba Gingivalis parasite in dental plaque assessed by direct microscopic examination | Direct microscopic detection of Entamoaba Gingivalis in dental plaque samples using Trichrome stain | 2 weeks |