Exploring Occupancy of Dopamine D3 Receptor by Buspirone in Humans Using PET

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The objective of the present study is to use positron emission tomography brain imaging to investigate D3 occupancy of buspirone, an FDA-approved anxiolytic which acts as a serotonin partial agonist but has recently been identified as a D3 antagonist. It is hypothesized that clinically relevant doses of buspirone will occupy the D3 receptor.

Detailed Description
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Buspirone is used for anxiety disorder treatment, a therapeutic effect that has been thought to be mediated through its partial agonist properties at the serotonin receptor. However, since one PET study in humans has shown low occupancy of the serotonin by buspirone in clinical doses and since the DRD3 has been recently implicated in anxiety, some therapeutic effects of buspirone may be mediated through the DRD3. In human clinical studies, promising effects of buspirone have been reported for treatment of substance dependence, including tobacco, marijuana, and opiates, and clinical studies in cocaine dependent subjects are underway. However, it is unclear if buspirone is producing those effects through the DRD3 and no human study has incorporated a PET imaging component to investigate this question; it remains unclear whether buspirone significantly occupies the DRD3 at therapeutic doses in humans.

Official Title
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Exploring Occupancy of Dopamine D3 Receptor by Buspirone in Humans Using PET

Conditions
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Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use Cessation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Buspirone
* Drug: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: - 19 years or older Exclusion Criteria: Medical condition including cardiovascular, renal, hepatic or cerebrovascular diseases History of or current neurological illnesses including seizure disorders, migraine, multiple sclerosis, movement disorders, head trauma, CVA or CNS tumor, - Present or past psychiatric condition including mood, anxiety, psychotic disorders and substance abuse and/or dependence. Condition that precludes use of buspirone or that will interfere with participation in the present study (such as hypersensitive to buspirone hydrochloride). Pregnancy or breastfeeding. Presence of metal objects in the body or implanted electronic devices, that preclude safe MR scanning. Claustrophobia. Current use or use during the previous month of medication that may affect the CNS, including monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) or positive during drug screening for drugs of abuse or any medication that could increase the risk of buspirone administration. Exposure to radiation in the last 12 month exceeding permissible limit for subjects participating in research.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 19 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Buspirone 120 mg<br>Buspirone 120 mg (encapsulated). | Drug: Buspirone<br>* The buspirone will be given once as a tablet and encapsulated for blinding.<br>* Other names: Buspar;|
| Experimental: Buspirone 60 mg<br>Buspirone 60 mg (encapsulated) | Drug: Buspirone<br>* The buspirone will be given once as a tablet and encapsulated for blinding.<br>* Other names: Buspar;|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>Placebo (encapsulated) | Drug: Placebo<br>* Placebo will be lactose and encapsulated for blinding. A single capsule will be given.<br>* Other names: lactose;|
| Experimental: Buspirone 30 mg<br>Buspirone 30 mg (encapsulated). | Drug: Buspirone<br>* The buspirone will be given once as a tablet and encapsulated for blinding.<br>* Other names: Buspar;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dose-response occupancy of buspirone at DRD3 | [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding potential at three doses of buspirone and placebo. | few months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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buspirone, smoking cessation, dopamine, PET imaging, [11C]-(+)-PHNO