Evaluating Outcomes for Youth Receiving Hospital-based Violence Prevention With and Without a Community-level Initiative

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this research study is to test if a hospital-based violence prevention strategy with a community-level initiative is effective for cross-cutting violence prevention in violently injured youth.

Detailed Description
-----------------
This study will test if youth who receive the Bridging the Gap (BTG) and Communities that Care (CTC Plus) will see greater improvements than youth who either receive BTG only, CTC Plus only or no intervention. This study will allow researchers to learn more about the intervention's effectiveness for a range of violent outcomes. It will also help researchers understand if violence prevention efforts affect other behaviors, such as drug use and rates of violent re-injury. Participants will be asked to complete surveys about their behavior, personality, and experiences, and their parent/child's personality, behavior, and experiences. These surveys take about 45-60 minutes to complete. These questionnaires will be completed before the intervention has taken place and then again 6 months later. Participation in this study will last up to 6 months. Approximately 408 individuals will participate in this study.

Official Title
-----------------
Evaluating Outcomes for Youth Receiving Hospital-based Violence Prevention With and Without a Community-level Initiative

Conditions
-----------------
Violence in Adolescence

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Bridging the Gap
* Other: Communities that Care (CTC)
* Other: Treatment as usual


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Violently injured youth receiving treatment at VCU Aged between 12 and 21 years old Living in Richmond City 1. Parent/caregiver of the youth participant 2. Parent/caregivers must be 18 years old or older Exclusion Criteria: Non-English speaking Ages <12 and >21 years Prisoners are excluded

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 12 Years
Maximum Age: 21 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Hospital-based violence prevention with community initiative<br>Youth who are living in communities that receive Communities that Care Prevention System (CTC) will also receive Bridging the Gap (BTG), a hospital-based violence prevention program with 6-months of community case management. | Behavioral: Bridging the Gap<br>* Bridging the Gap is a hybrid model for violence prevention which integrates a hospital-based brief violence intervention (BVI) delivered to the patient while in hospital with a wrap-around community case management prevention strategy.<br>Other: Communities that Care (CTC)<br>* In CTC programs stakeholders elect evidence-based prevention strategies that are most appropriate for their community. These evidence-based strategies target their community's specific needs, such as reducing risk factors while supporting and increasing protective factors.<br>|
| Experimental: Hybrid hospital based violence prevention<br>Youth who do not live in a community that has CTC but will receive BTG. | Behavioral: Bridging the Gap<br>* Bridging the Gap is a hybrid model for violence prevention which integrates a hospital-based brief violence intervention (BVI) delivered to the patient while in hospital with a wrap-around community case management prevention strategy.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Treatment as usual<br>Youth living in a community without the CTC program and will receive treatment as usual (TAU) in the hospital. | Other: Treatment as usual<br>* Treat and release<br>|
| Experimental: Treatment as usual with community initiative<br>Youth living in a community with the CTC program and will receive treatment as usual (TAU) in the hospital. | Other: Communities that Care (CTC)<br>* In CTC programs stakeholders elect evidence-based prevention strategies that are most appropriate for their community. These evidence-based strategies target their community's specific needs, such as reducing risk factors while supporting and increasing protective factors.<br>Other: Treatment as usual<br>* Treat and release<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in youth violence - self report | Self-report aggression | Baseline to 6 months | 
| Change in youth violence - caregiver report | Caregiver-report of youth aggression | Baseline to 6 months | 
| Change in youth dating violence | Self-report physical and psychological dating aggression | Baseline to 6 months | 
| Change in youth sexual violence | Self-report sexual aggression | Baseline to 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Re-injury rate | Hospital records of number of youth participants who experienced another injury due to violence between the intervention and 6-month follow-up | 6 months | 
| Community resources | Self-report: Number of community resources youth are engaging in | 6 months | 
| Lost to follow-up rates | Study report: The number of youth who we are unable to complete the follow-up assessment for because they are unreachable or decline to continue participation. | 6 months | 
| Change in trauma symptoms | Self-report trauma symptoms | Baseline to 6 months | 
| Change in substance use | Self-report of substance use | Baseline to 6 months | 
| Change in alcohol use | Self-report of alcohol use | Baseline to 6 months |