The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing a Surgery Under Desflurane Anesthesia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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After genernal anesthesia using sevoflurane or desflurane, the investigators can observe many cases of agiation (over 80%) and despite of no report of long-term complication, agitation is a big issue in PACU for doctors and nurses. The investigators use dexmedetomidine for prevention of agiation of preschool aged children. The investigators expect single injection of dexmedetomidine lead to decrease postoperative agitation and pain without any complication like oculocardiac reflex requiring atopine for treatment.

Detailed Description
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There are four groups accoding to dosage of dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine 0.25 microg.kg(-1),(group D0.25), dexmedetomidine 0.5 microg.kg(-1),(Group D0.5), dexmedetomidine 1 microg.kg(-1) (Group D 1) and normal saline(group P) is administered ivs. for 10mins when we are inducing each patient.

Official Title
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The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing a Surgery Under Desflurane Anesthesia

Conditions
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Psychomotor Agitation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Dexmedetomidine
* Drug: 0.9% Normal Saline


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Physical status classification of American Society of Anesthesiologist 1-2, Healthy, normal 2-6 years old Elective operation Exclusion Criteria: Lack of consent Known adverse effects to dexmedetomidine, mental retardation Developmental delay, or neurological or psychiatric illness that may associate with agitation (cerebral palsy, seizure, etc) No cardiac disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 2 Years
Maximum Age: 6 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Dexmedetomidine0.25<br>dexmedetomidine 0.25 microg.kg(-1),(Group D0.25) ivs. for 10min. | Drug: Dexmedetomidine<br>* There are four groups accoding to dosage of dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine 0.25 microg.kg(-1),(group D0.25), dexmedetomidine 0.5 microg.kg(-1),(Group D0.5), dexmedetomidine 1 microg.kg(-1) (Group D 1) and normal saline(group P) is administered ivs. for 10mins when we are inducing each patient.<br>* Other names: Precedex;|
| Experimental: Dexmedetomidine0.5<br>dexmedetomidine 0.5 microg.kg(-1),(group D0.5) ivs. for 10min. | Drug: Dexmedetomidine<br>* There are four groups accoding to dosage of dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine 0.25 microg.kg(-1),(group D0.25), dexmedetomidine 0.5 microg.kg(-1),(Group D0.5), dexmedetomidine 1 microg.kg(-1) (Group D 1) and normal saline(group P) is administered ivs. for 10mins when we are inducing each patient.<br>* Other names: Precedex;|
| Experimental: Dexmedetomidine1.0<br>dexmedetomidine 1 microg.kg(-1) ivs. for 10min. | Drug: Dexmedetomidine<br>* There are four groups accoding to dosage of dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine 0.25 microg.kg(-1),(group D0.25), dexmedetomidine 0.5 microg.kg(-1),(Group D0.5), dexmedetomidine 1 microg.kg(-1) (Group D 1) and normal saline(group P) is administered ivs. for 10mins when we are inducing each patient.<br>* Other names: Precedex;|
| Placebo Comparator: NormalSaline<br>Normal saline 10ml ivs. for 10min. | Drug: 0.9% Normal Saline<br>* Placebo,Normal saline 10ml ivs. for 10min.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Agitation score |  | 30 mins after operation | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oculomotor reflex |  | Intraoperative |