Early Diagnosis of Mycosis Fungoides

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Mycosis fungoides (MF) is an epidermotropic cutaneous T cell lymphoma characterized by the accumulation of CD4+ T-lymphocytes in the skin. Early MF presents as erythematous patches and/or infiltrated plaques. The diagnosis of early MF is a major diagnostic challenge and the differential diagnosis with inflammatory dermatoses is often very difficult. The histopathological diagnosis is also difficult and delayed. Therefore, it is important to develop biomarkers and/or a combination of biomarkers in order to improve the early diagnostic of MF. In a previous trial, investigators included 490 patients in a study aiming at identifying skin biomarkers of early MF. Several activating and inhibiting KIRs were found to be interesting for the skin diagnostic of MF, mainly KIR2DL4 and KIR3DL2. Investigators later evaluated blood biomarkers in patients with erythrodermic MF and Sezary Syndrome (SS). This French institutional study demonstrated that the identification by PCR of a combination of 4 blood markers (CD158k/KIR3DL2, PLS3/T-Plastin, Twist and NKp46) allowed a reliable diagnosis of lymphoma in erythrodermic patients. This previously published study interestingly showed that 30% to 50% of patients with early MF expressed at least one of these biomarkers in the blood (unpublished data). Other groups also recently showed that TOX can be a diagnostic tool for MF. The aim of this study is to establishing an accurate blood diagnosis for early suspected MF by demonstrating that newly identified biomarkers or their combination [5 cutaneous KIR receptor markers (KIR2DS1, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL1, KIR2DL4, KIR3DL2) and 5 blood biomarkers (TOX, Twist-1, PLS3/T-plastin, KIR3DL2, NKp46)] are differentially expressed by patients with MF and patients with inflammatory dermatoses closely resembling MF lesions. Statistical analysis will establish the best combination of blood biomarkers allowing the differentiation between the two groups of patients, combination that could represent a suitable diagnostic tool for early MF.

Official Title
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Evaluation of a Combination of Blood Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Mycosis Fungoides

Conditions
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Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Blood sampling


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with erythematous dermatitis of subacute evolution (> 15 d) or chronic evolution, in the form of patches/plaques, leading to a clinically suspected cutaneous T cell lymphoma Free and informed consent signed Erythematous dermatosis, sub-acute (> 15 days) or chronic, suspicious of MF Lack of previous hemopathy or cutaneous or extra-cutaneous lymphoma Age > 18 years A skin biopsy for routine diagnostic histopathological analysis at the time of inclusion With an analysis of T-cell clonality in blood and skin at the time of inclusion Exclusion Criteria: Children under 18 years Sick adults under guardianship Patients refusing to participate in the research protocol Subjects not affiliated with the national health insurance system.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: investigation<br>Blood sampling for quantitative evaluation of nine candidate biomarkers (CD158k/KIR3DL2, KIR2DL4, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL1, NKp46, PLS3/T-Plastin, Twist and TOX) by quantitative RT-PCR. | Other: Blood sampling<br>* Blood sampling for quantitative evaluation of nine candidate biomarkers (CD158k/KIR3DL2, KIR2DL4, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL1, NKp46, PLS3/T-Plastin, Twist and TOX) by quantitative RT-PCR.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Early MF Benign inflammatory dermatoses |  | 12 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Percentage of positivity of each marker | [5 cutaneous KIR receptor markers (KIR2DS1, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL1, KIR2DL4, KIR3DL2) and 5 blood biomarkers (TOX, Twist-1, PLS3/T-plastin, KIR3DL2, NKp46)] | 12 months |