Effects of Complementary Therapies in People With Mild to Moderate Parkinson's Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Hatha Yoga versus Stretching on physical outcomes, quality of life, physical activity and motor examination in persons with Parkinson Disease. The hypothesis of this study is that Hatha Yoga will improve more than Stretching on physical outcomes, quality of life, physical activity and on motor examinations in persons with parkinson Diseases

Detailed Description
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Individuals diagnosed with Parkinson 's disease, signed up at the Parkinson's association in Asparbi (Bilbao, Basque Country), and meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. These individuals were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) through sealed opaque envelopes to either to Hatha Yoga group and Stretching group by coin tossing sequence generation Both programs consisted of one weekly session for a total of eight weeks. Hatha Yoga group performed warm-up exercises for 10 minutes, standing, sitting and supine positions of Hatha yoga (30 minutes), and relaxation and breathing exercises (20 minutes). Stretching group performed warm-up activities (10 minutes), and analytic stretching exercises targeting the following muscles: sternocleidomastoid, splenius, trapeze, triceps, posterior shoulder capsule, paravertebralis, hamstrings, quadriceps, gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior (40 minutes). Two repetitions of 15 seconds of each stretch were performed, with 15 seconds interval between repetitions. The sessions ended with diaphragmatic breathing exercises (10 minutes). Demographic information form was filled out by patients including information about: age, height (cm), weight (kg). Additionally, the following measures are going to be measured: Postural control is assessed with a stabilometric platform. Flexibility ( Back Scratch Test and Chair Sit and Reach Test) Time Up and Go test (TUG) 5 Times Sit to Stand Test Walking speed Unified Parkinson´s Diseases Rating Scale III (UPDRS-III) International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) Parkinson´s Disease Questionnaires- 39 (PDQ-39) SPSS version 22 program was used in the analysis of the data. Mann Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, Student T test and two-way mixed Anova were used to analyse the results.

Official Title
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Effects of Hatha Yoga vs Stretching in People With Mild to Moderate Parkinson's Disease

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Hatha Yoga
* Other: Stretching


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Medical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease Stages I to III on the Hoehn and Yahr scale Ability to stand upright unaided and walk with or without technical support Exclusion Criteria: Participate in another directed physical exercise program during the Project. Moderate or severe cognitive decline.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Parallel randomized controlled trial
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Hatha Yoga<br>Participants performed 1 hour supervised Yoga sessions once a week for a total of eight weeks. | Other: Hatha Yoga<br>* Patients in the yoga group performed warm-up exercises for 10 minutes, standing, sitting and supine positions of Hatha yoga (30 minutes), and relaxation and breathing exercises (20 minutes). The program consisted of one weekly session for a total of eight weeks.<br>|
| Experimental: Stretching<br>Participants performed 1 hour supervised Stretching sessions once a week for a total of eight weeks. | Other: Stretching<br>* Patients in the stretching group performed warm-up activities (10 minutes), and analytic stretching exercises targeting the following muscles: sternocleidomastoid, splenius, trapeze, triceps, posterior shoulder capsule, paravertebralis, hamstrings, quadriceps, gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior (40 minutes). Two repetitions of 15 seconds of each stretch were performed, with a 15 seconds interval between repetitions. The sessions ended with diaphragmatic breathing exercises (10 minutes). The program consisted of one weekly session for a total of eight weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline in height | Height is going to be assessed by portable stadiometer (Aisemed T226) to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in weight | Weight is going to be assessed by digital scale (Seca Model 868) to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in Postural control | Postural control, static balance is assessed with an stabilometric platform to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in Back Scratch Test | Flexibility of the upper limb is going to be assessed by the test of the Senior Fitness Test Back Scratch Test, to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in Chair Sit and Reach Test | Flexibility of the lower limb is going to be assessed by the test of the Senior Fitness Test Chair Sit and Reach Test, to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in Time Up and Go test (TUG) | Dynamic balance and agility is going to be assessed by Time Up and Go test to determine change from baseline. | 8 week | 
| Change from baseline 5 Times Sit to Stand Test | Lower limb strength is going to be assessed by 5 Times Sit to Stand Test to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in Walking speed | Walking speed is going to be assessed by walking 12 m, and photocells will be placed at 1 m and 11 m, recording time of 10 m to determine change from baseline. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in motor examination | Motor examination is going to be assessed by Unified Parkinson´s Diseases Rating Scale III to determine change form baseline. A higher score means a worse motor state. Total score subscale is 68. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in Physical Activity | Physical activity is going to be assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaires to determine change from baseline. Results can be reported in categories (low activity levels, moderate activity levels or high activity levels) or as a continuous variable (Metabolic equivalent of task minutes a week). Metabolic equivalent of task minutes represent the amount of energy expended carrying out physical activity. | 8 weeks | 
| Change from baseline in quality of life score | Quality of life score is going to be assess by Parkinson´s Disease Questionnaires- 39 to determine change from baseline. It has eight dimensions that are coded on a scale of 0 (perfect health as assessed by the measure) to 100 (worse health as assessed by the measure). | 8 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Stretching, Parkinson disease, Yoga