Effect of Telerehabilitation on Handwriting Performance in Children With ADHD: RCT

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is a randomized controlled study examining the effect of telerehabilitation on fine motor performance and handwriting difficulties experienced by children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Detailed Description
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It is planned that 40 children between the ages of 7-12 diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and their families will participate voluntarily. An informed consent form, BOT-2 and Minnesota Handwriting Test will be sent to volunteer participants via e-mail. An evaluation session on Zoom application will be held for each participant with the participation of the occupational therapist, child and family. After the evaluation, the participants will be randomized and allocated to study and control groups. Fine motor skills training will be given to the study group 3 sessions a week. The training will be given on the Zoom application and the duration is 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, the evaluation will be done again with BOT-2 and Minnesota Handwriting Test. The control group will be evaluated with BOT-2 and Minnesota Handwriting Test for the second time after waiting 8 weeks and will receive fine motor skills training. The first and last data in the study group will be analyzed with the Wilcoxon Paired Test.Study and control group data will be compared by Mann-Whitney U or Independent T Test.

Official Title
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The Effect of Telerahabilitation on Fine Motor Skills and Writing Performance in Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Study

Conditions
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Handwriting, Telerehabilitation, Fine Motor Skills

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Fine Motor Skills Training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: To be in the age range of 7-12, Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Continuing individual education, After being informed about the study have agreed to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Children with an additional physical and neurological problem to accompany

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 7 Years
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Participants will be randomly divided into two groups. The same intervention will be applied to the second group after the first group has received intervention for 8 weeks.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Study Group<br>First Evaluation - Fine Motor Skills Training - 8 week - 3 session per week - 40 minute per session - Second Evaluation | Other: Fine Motor Skills Training<br>* Fine Motor Skills Training The sessions will be held by considering the fine motor skills training and the criteria of fidelity of the fine motor interventions suggested by Pfeiffer et al. Each goal was enriched with activities and games that improve fine motor skills and handwriting performance.<br>|
| Other: Kontrol Group<br>First Evaluation - 8 week waiting period - Second Evaluation - 8 week Fine Motor Skills Training | Other: Fine Motor Skills Training<br>* Fine Motor Skills Training The sessions will be held by considering the fine motor skills training and the criteria of fidelity of the fine motor interventions suggested by Pfeiffer et al. Each goal was enriched with activities and games that improve fine motor skills and handwriting performance.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Minnesota Handwriting Test | It evaluates six categories, including legibility, shape, alignment, size, spacing, and handwriting speed | 5 minute | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test- 2 Short Form (BOT-2) | The test has been produced as a motor function assessment tool that can be applied to children in a short time. Fine motor accuracy, fine motor integration, dexterity, bilateral coordination and upper extremity coordination sub-parameters of the test will be applied. | 15 minute | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ADHD, Handwriting, Occupational Therapy, Telerehabilitation