School Lunch Salad Bars and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators propose an efficacy study (i.e., do salad bars work under controlled conditions in naturalistic settings) to test whether introducing salad bars in elementary, middle, and high schools that have never had salad bars affects students' FV consumption and waste during lunch. A cluster randomized controlled trial will test new salad bars against controls for 6 wks, with/without an additional 4-wk marketing phase .

Official Title
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Salad Bars and Students' Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: A Group-randomized Trial With Objective Assessments

Conditions
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Children, Only, Behavior, Eating, School, Obesity, Food Selection, Food Habits, Diet Modification, Adolescent Behavior

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: New salad bar
* Behavioral: Marketing


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Students enrolled in any grade between grades one and twelve Student ID number matches that on a list of randomly selected student ID numbers from the population of student enrolled in school Students who elect to receive a hot entree at lunch Students who assent to participate Exclusion Criteria: Students in detention Students in special education Students in Kindergarten Students not in school for any reason (e.g. illness, vacation)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental 3<br>Introduction of a new salad bar and marketing conditions during second semester of school year | Behavioral: New salad bar<br>* New salad bar placed in school<br>Behavioral: Marketing<br>* Marketing conditions (printed material, displays, verbal announcements, prompts and taste tests)<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental 2<br>Introduction of marketing conditions during second semester of school year | Behavioral: Marketing<br>* Marketing conditions (printed material, displays, verbal announcements, prompts and taste tests)<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental 1<br>Introduction of a new salad bar during second semester of school year | Behavioral: New salad bar<br>* New salad bar placed in school<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>No introduction of a new salad bar and no introduction of marketing conditions | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in grams of fruit and vegetables consumed | The amount (grams) of fresh and canned fruits and vegetables consumed at lunch | Baseline (prior to randomization allocation of installation of salad bars), Time 2 (6 weeks after randomization), and Time 3 (10 weeks after randomization) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in grams of fruit and vegetables selected | The amount (grams) of fresh and canned fruits and vegetables selected at lunch | Baseline (prior to randomization allocation of installation of salad bars), Time 2 (6 weeks after randomization), and Time 3 (10 weeks after randomization) | 
| Change in percent of fruit and vegetables wasted | The percent of fresh and canned fruits and vegetables wasted at lunch | Baseline (prior to randomization allocation of installation of salad bars), Time 2 (6 weeks after randomization), and Time 3 (10 weeks after randomization) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Children, Plate Waste, Fruit and vegetable intake, School lunch, social marketing