Immunisation Simulation Using the Real-size Infant Manikin in Medical Education

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This was a quasi-experimental study that comprised medical students in pediatric rotation at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta. The investigators determined students' knowledge and practice improvement through simulation by using the real-size infant's arm and leg manikins; and evaluate the confidence in immunization after the simulation.

Official Title
-----------------
Immunisation Simulation Using the Real-size Infant Manikin in Medical Education

Conditions
-----------------
Immunization Skills

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Newly developed real-size infant's arm and leg manikin


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Medical students in paediatric rotation at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Medical students who attended immunisation workshops Exclusion Criteria: Students who refused to participate Students who did not attend the immunisation workshops
Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group<br>70 minutes course using newly developed real-size infant's arm and leg manikin | Other: Newly developed real-size infant's arm and leg manikin<br>* The control group used conventional manikins made by Nasco; meanwhile, two newly designed real-size manikins were prepared for the intervention group: the right arm and right leg. Real-size manikins were developed based on the mean of anthropometric measurement of 50 Indonesian infants' arms and legs of healthy term neonates born in Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The manikins were made of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) filament using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The manufacturing process was carried out by the Medical Physics Department, Universitas Indonesia.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>70 minutes course using conventional manikin | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knowledge pre- and post-test questionnaire | The improvement of students' knowledge by using the real-size infant's arm and leg manikins | Seven weeks after the immunization course | 
| Practical skill score using rubric | The improvement of students' practical skill by using the real-size infant's arm and leg manikins | Seven weeks after the immunization course | 
| Number of students who were confident by self assessment using Likert scale questionnaire | The confidence in doing the immunization practice after the workshop | Seven weeks after the immunization course | 
| Students' feedback questionnaire | Students' response and feedback regarding the practice using the real-size infant's arm and leg manikins | Seven weeks after the immunization course | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Simulation, Manikin, Immunization, Vaccination