Increasing COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Developing Countries (Bihar)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Working with governments in Bihar, India, we will evaluate a number of mechanisms to increase vaccine uptake. These include household vaccination visits instead of community vaccination clinic.monetary and non-monetary incentives, and concurrent mask promotion. This ClinicalTrials entry contains results only for the study in Bihar.

Detailed Description
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The goal of the study is to identify strategies that best promote and support COVID vaccine uptake in developing countries, we propose to test a range of scalable social and behavioural interventions. This could help policy makers design and employ interventions that are effective. This is especially valuable in resource constrained contexts where funds and institutional resources can be diverted towards interventions that have proven to work. In Bihar the intervention will be village-level social mobilization involving community promotion, including in-person vaccine reinforcement, and household-level social mobilization. Some treatment villages will receive household- level interventions with varying intensity (different proportion of households will be visited). There will also an accompanying mask distribution campaign during household visits where the importance of mask-wearing as a complement to vaccine use will be explained. This ClinicalTrials entry contains results only for the study in Bihar.

Official Title
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Increasing COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Developing Countries (Bihar)

Conditions
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Vaccination Refusal

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Incentives to be vaccinated
* Device: Mask
* Behavioral: Encouragement to wear a mask
* Behavioral: Vaccination made more convenient
* Behavioral: Social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Lives in study village Exclusion Criteria: Does not live in study village

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: There are five arms. Arm 1: Control; Arm 2: Village-level vaccine clinics with monetary, non-monetary, or no incentive; Arm 3: Household-level vaccination with monetary, non-monetary, or no incentive; Arm 4: Mask promotion; Arm 5: Village-level vaccine clinics and mask promotion
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control<br>No vaccine or mask promotion, but access to vaccines increased to match access in intervention villages | |
| Experimental: Village-level vaccine clinics with monetary, non-monetary, or no incentive<br>Village-level vaccine clinics with monetary, non-monetary, or no incentive. Villages are cross-randomized to grocery coupon, food ration, no incentive, or grocery coupon to both community member and community health worker after the community member has received a vaccination. | Behavioral: Incentives to be vaccinated<br>* Individuals will be provided with a guaranteed cash payment, entry into a cash lottery, or guaranteed gift of food if they are vaccinated<br>Behavioral: Vaccination made more convenient<br>* Vaccines are conducted at the household-level rather than the village-level<br>Behavioral: Social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>* Village-level social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>|
| Experimental: Household-level vaccination with monetary or no incentive<br>Household-level vaccination with monetary incentive or no incentive. Villages are cross-randomized to grocery coupon or no incentive upon receiving vaccination | Behavioral: Incentives to be vaccinated<br>* Individuals will be provided with a guaranteed cash payment, entry into a cash lottery, or guaranteed gift of food if they are vaccinated<br>Behavioral: Vaccination made more convenient<br>* Vaccines are conducted at the household-level rather than the village-level<br>Behavioral: Social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>* Village-level social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>|
| Experimental: Village-level vaccination without incentive, plus mask promotion<br>Individuals are encourage to attend village-level vaccine clinics but not given any incentive. Mask distribution and reinforcement activities are conducted in villages at a similar time as vaccine promotion. | Device: Mask<br>* Individuals are given cloth masks<br>Behavioral: Encouragement to wear a mask<br>* Individuals who are not wearing masks over their mouth and nose are stopped in public places and encouraged to wear a mask<br>Behavioral: Vaccination made more convenient<br>* Vaccines are conducted at the household-level rather than the village-level<br>Behavioral: Social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>* Village-level social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>|
| Experimental: Village-level vaccination without incentive<br>Individuals are encourage to attend village-level vaccine clinics but not given any incentive. | Behavioral: Vaccination made more convenient<br>* Vaccines are conducted at the household-level rather than the village-level<br>Behavioral: Social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>* Village-level social mobilization campaign to be vaccinated<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Percent of individuals who receive the first, second, or third dose of covid vaccine | Prevalence of vaccination with difference doses | up to 4 weeks (endline may vary depending on estimated uptake rates) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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COVID-19, vaccination, masks, incentives