VR/AR Educational Module on Oral Care Practices for Home Care Worker

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study is to evaluate the effect of the elderly oral care knowledge, attitude ,self-efficacy ,oral care behavior between the home care workers(HCW) in VR(Virtual reality)/AR(Augmented reality)group and control group after intervention. Home care workers will be randomly assigned to the VR/AR group and the control group. Home care workers in the VR/AR group will use VR to learned about the oral care methods and processes in the different case. AR allows HCWs to actually operate cleaning teeth. The home care workers in the control group used traditional teaching methods for oral care. Baseline and follow-up survey were used to collect the data in oral care knowledge, attitude ,self-efficacy ,oral care behavior.

Detailed Description
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A randomized experimental design was used. Home care workers (HCWs) in the VR/AR group received 2.5 hours of VR(Virtual reality) and AR(Augmented reality) training. VR offered learners the standard oral care procedures under different physical and oral health conditions in elderly people and AR simulation training for the manual Bass brushing technique. The home care workers in the control group used traditional teaching methods for oral care. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data regarding oral care-related knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, intention to assist in oral care behavior and behavior before and after the intervention, 3-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up. All participants finished the self-administered questionnaire within 10-15 minutes and handed it to researchers at VR/AR oral care training center in Kaohsiung Medical University.Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) was used to analyze the differences between pre-test, post-test and follow-ups.

Official Title
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The Effects of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality (VR/AR) Educational Module on Oral Care Practices for Home Care Worker

Conditions
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Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Oral Care Performance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: VR and AR oral healthcare curriculum training
* Behavioral: traditional teaching methods oral healthcare curriculum


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: certificated home care workers in Taiwan. Exclusion Criteria: aged above 65 were excluded.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: VR/AR group<br>Home care workers (HCW)HCWs in the VR/AR group received 2.5 hours of VR and AR training. VR offered learners the standard oral care procedures under different physical and oral health conditions in elderly people and AR simulation training for the manual Bass brushing technique. | Behavioral: VR and AR oral healthcare curriculum training<br>* HCWs in the VR/AR group received 2.5 hours VR and AR oral healthcare curriculum training. VR oral care training system was training the standard oral healthcare procedure for different physical and oral conditions in elderly people.AR oral care training system was training for the manual Bass brushing technique.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Control group<br>The home care workers in the control group received 2.5 hours of traditional teaching methods for oral care. | Behavioral: traditional teaching methods oral healthcare curriculum<br>* HCWs in the control group received 2.5 hours traditional teaching methods of oral healthcare curriculum training.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| oral care behavior | Eight statements were used to evaluate the behavior in assisting in oral care behavior Item including that I take the initiative to assist the elderly to perform oral care . All response was coded as zero (not) or one (yes). | Change from 3-month follow-up to 6-month follow-up. After two groups HCWs received the intervention, 3 months and 6 months HCWs would received follow-up questionnaire to finish the measurement. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oral care-related knowledge | Ten statements were used to assess oral care-related knowledge. Item including that Fluoride toothpaste for adults should have a fluoride content above 1000 ppm. A score of 0 (incorrect) and 1 (correct) was used for each statement. The total score ranged was 0-10. | After randomization, HCWs would receive pre-test before intervention and post-test after intervention immediately. The follow-up questionnaire to measure at 3 months and 6 months after intervention. | 
| Attitude toward oral care | Seven statements were used to assessment the attitude toward oral care, including' oral cleansing is a part of elderly people daily body cleaning.' A score was used the Liker scale with rating from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree) was used for each statement. The total score ranged was 7-35. | After randomization, HCWs would receive pre-test before intervention and post-test after intervention immediately. The follow-up questionnaire to measure at 3 months and 6 months after intervention. | 
| Self-efficacy of oral care | Nine statements were used to measures the self-efficacy to oral care , including 'I am confident in helping elderly people brush their teeth with the modified Bass brushing technique.' A score was used the Liker scale with rating from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree) was used for each statement. The total score was 9-45. | After randomization, HCWs would receive pre-test before intervention and post-test after intervention immediately. The follow-up questionnaire to measure at 3 months and 6 months after intervention. | 
| Intention to assist in oral care behavior | Eight statements were used to evaluate the intention to assist in oral care behavior , including 'I will take the initiative to assist the elderly in using the modified Bass brushing technique to brush their teeth.' A score was used the Liker scale with rating from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree) was used for each statement. The total score ranged was 8-40. | After randomization, HCWs would receive pre-test before intervention and post-test after intervention immediately. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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elderly, Virtual reality, Augmented reality, Oral Care Performance, home care worker