Effects of Two Different Kinesio Taping Applications on Pain and Functional Mobility in Pregnants With Lumbopelvic Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study evaluates and compares the effects of two different kinesio taping applications on pain and functional mobility in pregnancy related lumbopelvic pain.

Detailed Description
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Literature studies on the effectiveness of kinesio taping (KT) in pregnancy related lumbopelvic pain (LPP) are limited in number and have methodological shortcomings such as lack of randomization, a control group or assessor and/or patient blindness. Although generally presenting a significant effectiveness of KT on intensity of pain and disability, these parameters are evaluated by subjective methods, and the findings do not rely on quantitative data, in general. In addition, the intervention parameters used in these studies, such as the KT techniques used, amount of KT tension and duration of the intervention are different from each other, and there is lack of studies comparing the effectiveness of different KT techniques. In this study, effectiveness of two different KT applications will be compared with placebo KT: Lumbopelvic KT (LPKT): Two I-shaped kinesio tapes in 40 cm length will be applied bilaterally, beginning from 5 cm below the spina iliaca posterior superiors (SIPSs) to the level of the 12th costae, in maximum trunk flexion position, on the paravertebral muscles, by inhibition technique of muscle correction techniques. The tapes will be placed with no tension at 5 cm of both ends, and with 15-25% tension in between. In addition, an extra I-shaped tape will be placed perpendicullar to these tapes with the ligament correction technique, while the pregnant women are in the vertical upright position, at the level of the sacroiliac joints, starting with a tensile strength of 75-100% from the middle, and then with no tension at two ends. Abdominal supported LPKT (ALPKT): An abdominal support tape will be added to the LPKT. In order to reduce the tension of the uterus ligaments, and to help perception of the normal elasticity of the target tissues, ligament technique will be used. The middle part of an I-shaped tape will be placed to the midpoint of the lower abdomen, and then will be progressed laterally and above with 50% tension. For placebo application, a Micropore™ surgical plaster of the same color with KT will be applied with no tension, as described in the LPKT technique. All participants will undergo a 45-60 minutes of standard ergonomic education after initial assessments and following the first taping applications, They will be observed in regard to their behaviours during different activities such as standing, sitting, walking, turning in bed and standing from the bed. Necessary warnings will be given about correcting their posture and behaviors in terms of ergonomic principles.

Official Title
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Gebeliğe Bağlı Lumbopelvik Ağrıda İki Farklı Kinezyo Bant Uygulamasının Ağrı ve Fonksiyonel Mobilite Üzerine Etkisi

Conditions
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Lumbopelvic Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Lumbopelvic kinesio taping
* Other: Abdominal supported lumbopelvic kinesio taping
* Other: Placebo tapng


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: being able to read and write in Turkish, being in 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy, having lumbar or pelvic girdle pain for at least one week signing the informed consent form for the study Exclusion Criteria: visual, auditory or cognitive problems which may prevent participation to the study health problems other than pregnancy related lumbopelvic pain (orthopedic, neurologic, cardiorespiratory, etc.) or trauma history, which may affect standing from sitting, walking or stair climbing activities Any gynecological or urological problems which may mimic pregnancy related lumbopelvic pain Any ddiagnosed pregnancy complications (preeclampsy, pregnancy related hypertension, diabetes, fetal anomaly, etc.) Multiple gestation History of spinal injury, ankylosing spondilitis, rheumatoid arthritis, intervertebral disc pathology Positive straight leg raising test result or peripheral sensory or motor impairments which may indicate lumbar interbertebral disc pathology History of prepregnancy low back pain Using any analgesic or myorelaxant medication Contraindications to KT (impaired skin integrity or lesion in the lumbopelvic and abdominal regions, history of allergic reaction, etc.) previous KT experience

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Lumbopelvic kinesio taping (LPKT)<br>Two I-shaped kinesio tapes in 40 cm length will be applied bilaterally, beginning from 5 cm below the spina iliaca posterior superiors (SIPSs) to the level of the 12th costae, in maximum trunk flexion position, on the paravertebral muscles, by inhibition technique of muscle correction techniques. The tapes will be placed with no tension at 5 cm of both ends, and with 15-25% tension in between. In addition, an extra I-shaped tape will be placed perpendicullar to these tapes with the ligament correction technique, while the pregnant women are in the vertical upright position, at the level of the sacroiliac joints, starting with a tensile strength of 75-100% from the middle, and then with no tension at two ends. | Other: Lumbopelvic kinesio taping<br>* Kinesio tapes applied to the lumbopelvic region will stay 3 days. They will be removed from the site, and the skin will be checked and cleaned, and then reapplied for the next 3 days. An ergonomic education program will be given after the baseline measurements, and will last for 45-60 minutes. A brochure including ergonomic principles with images will also be provided.<br>* Other names: Ergonomic education;|
| Experimental: Abdominal supported lumbopelvic kinesio taping (ALPKT)<br>An abdominal support tape will be added to the LPKT. In order to reduce the tension of the uterus ligaments, and to help perception of the normal elasticity of the target tissues, ligament technique will be used. The middle part of an I-shaped tape will be placed to the midpoint of the lower abdomen, and then will be progressed laterally and above with 50% tension. | Other: Abdominal supported lumbopelvic kinesio taping<br>* Kinesio tapes applied to the lumbopelvic region and abdominal area will stay 3 days. They will be removed from the sites, and the skin will be checked and cleaned, and then reapplied for the next 3 days. An ergonomic education program will be given after the baseline measurements, and will last for 45-60 minutes. A brochure including ergonomic principles with images will also be provided.<br>* Other names: Ergonomic education;|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo taping<br>A Micropore™ surgical plaster of the same color with KT will be applied with no tension, as described in the LPKT technique. | Other: Placebo tapng<br>* Placebo tapes (just like Kinesio tapes) applied to the lumbopelvic region without any tension will stay 3 days. They will be removed from the site, and the skin will be checked and cleaned, and then reapplied for the next 3 days. An ergonomic education program will be given after the baseline measurements, and will last for 45-60 minutes. A brochure including ergonomic principles with images will also be provided.<br>* Other names: Ergonomic education;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in pain intensity during resting | 0 (no pain)-10 cm (unbearable pain) visual analogue scale will be used. | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 
| Change in pain intensity during timed up and go (TUG) test | 0 (no pain)-10 cm (unbearable pain) visual analogue scales will be used. | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 
| Change in pain intensity during five times sit to stand test | 0 (no pain)-10 cm (unbearable pain) visual analogue scales will be used. | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 
| Change in pain intensity during stair climbing test | 0 (no pain)-10 cm (unbearable pain) visual analogue scales will be used. | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 
| Change in time of completing timed up and go test (seconds) | All participants will perform the test from a chair (height: 46 cm) with back-support. They will be asked to stand up, walk three meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down as fast as they can. Time to complete the test will be recorded (sec). Lower times indicate better functional mobility level for walking. | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 
| Change in time of completing five times sit to stand test (seconds) | The participants will sit on a straight back chair (43 cm height) with arms folded across their chest. They will be instructed to stand up and sit down as quickly as possible 5 times, keeping their arms folded across their chest. Time for completing the test will be recorded (sec). Lower times indicate better functional mobility level for sit to stand activity. | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 
| Change in time of completing stair climbing test (seconds) | The participants will be asked to ascend and descend 10 stairs. Time of completing the test will be recorded in seconds. Lower times indicate better functional mobility level in stair activities | baseline, approximately one-hour after the first taping, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in activity limitation | Turkish version of Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire will be used. Total score of the questionnaire varies between 0 and 75, and higher scores indicate higher activity limitation. | baseline, three days after the first taping, and one week after the first taping | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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kinesio tape, pain, functional mobility, ergonomic education, pelvic girdle questionnaire, five times sit to stand test, timed up and go test, stair climb test