Role of CBC as a Prognostic Marker for DKA Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To evaluate that change of platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio affect the duration of hospital stay and mortality rate of DKA patients To assess the impact of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) on the prognosis of diabetic ketoacidosis patients To evaluate the changes in hematological parameters (RBCs,Hct,Hb,MCV,PLT,WBCs) and their correlations with acidosis level and dehydration during ketoacidosis treatment

Detailed Description
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious threat to global health with an increasing prevalence and incidence rates,The number of people who had DM was 463 million in 2019,and according to international diabetes federation [IDF] this number will have reached 700 million in 2045 (1). One of the most serious complication of DM is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) which is a life-threatening acute copmlication of diabetes mellitus [DM], [DKA] occur in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, for which type 1 and type 2 diabetes is responsible for 66% and 34% patients respectively (2,3). Despite the development of improved treatment, DKA remains at a high incidence of recurrence and a leading cause of mortality among patients with DM, resulting in an elevated burden for patients,hospitals,and healthcare providers(4,5). As a systemic metabolic disease,DKA has been reported to be associated with the inflammatory response of the hyperglycaemic state(6,7). the inflammatory markers like (platelets-lymphocyte ratio, red blood cell distribution width) play an important role in the development of inflammation and affect prognosis of DKA One of the most things that affected by diabetic ketoacidosis is hydration status, As DKA can cause dehydration and some complications may result from that such as cerebral edema,coma or even death(8,9). there are many methods to estimate the hydration status such as clinical dehydration scale(CDS), hematological parameters (RBC, Hct , Hb MCV, PLT ,WBC) which are used as an alternative approach to estimate the extent of dehydration in DKA patients(10,11).

Official Title
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Role of CBC as a Prognostic Marker for DKA Patients

Conditions
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: The study will include patient with type 1 or type 2 DM, patients > 18 yrs, DKA patients (based on the criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA): plasma glucose > 13.9 mmol/l (250 mg/dL), arterial pH < 7.3 and a bicarbonate level <18 mEq/l, with ketonuria) Exclusion Criteria: The study will exclude patients <18 yrs , patients with history of hematological disease like(leukemia,hemophilia,thalassemia,sickle cell anaemia,polycythemia vera),patients with history of renal or cardiac or hepatic disease)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Measure of inflammatory markers like (platelets-lymphocyte ratio, red blood cell distribution width) changes in DKA patients and affection of these changes on inflammation development and prognosis of DKA | the inflammatory markers like (platelets-lymphocyte ratio, red blood cell distribution width) play an important role in the development of inflammation and affect prognosis of DKA and and changes in these markers also affect duration of hospital stay and mortality rate in DKA patients | Baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hematological parameters (RBC, Hct , Hb MCV, PLT ,WBC) which are used as an alternative approach to estimate the extent of dehydration in DKA patients | there are many methods to estimate the hydration status such as clinical dehydration scale(CDS), hematological parameters (RBC, Hct , Hb MCV, PLT ,WBC) which are used as an alternative approach to estimate the extent of dehydration in DKA patients | Baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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CBC in DKA Patients