Dietary Lipids as Primary Modulators of Carotenoid Absorption in Vegetables

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this research study is to determine how dietary fats and oils influence the absorption of beneficial plant pigments (carotenoids) from vegetables. The study will examine changes in blood carotenoids in response to eating a salad with different fats/oils.

Official Title
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Dietary Lipids as Primary Modulators of Carotenoid Absorption in Vegetables

Conditions
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Absorption of Carotenoids From Vegetables

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Soybean Oil
* Other: Canola Oil
* Other: Butter


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age range: 18-50 years. Body mass index (BMI: weight (kg)/height (m2)) ranging from 20-29 kg/m² Weight stable (<4.5 kg change within the last 3 months), Constant habitual activity pattern, not to exceed activities of a recreational level over the past 3 months. Must be pre-menopausal Have clinically normal blood profiles (specifically normal liver and kidney functions and fasting blood glucose of ≤110 mg/dl) Non-smoking Non-diabetic No current or planned pregnancy Not using any hormone-based contraceptive, e.g., pill, patch, injection, implants, etc. No current use of medication affecting lipid profile No intestinal disorders including lipid malabsorption, lactose intolerance No heavy consumption of alcohol (>2 drinks per day) No current use of dietary supplements that affect cholesterol, (e.g. Benocol or fiber supplements) or a willingness to discontinue their use during the study. Exclusion Criteria: Menopausal Diabetic Currently pregnant Currently using any type of hormone-based contraceptives, (e.g., pill, patch, injection, implants, etc.) Use of lipid altering medications

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: A<br>Subjects will be assigned to consume 3 grams soybean oil, 8 grams canola oil, and 20 grams butter that is added to a salad. | Other: Soybean Oil<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of soybean oil that is added to a salad.<br>Other: Canola Oil<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of canola oil that is added to a salad.<br>Other: Butter<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of butter that is added to a salad.<br>|
| Experimental: B<br>Subjects will be assigned to consume 8 grams soybean oil, 20 grams canola oil, and 3 grams butter that is added to a salad. | Other: Soybean Oil<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of soybean oil that is added to a salad.<br>Other: Canola Oil<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of canola oil that is added to a salad.<br>Other: Butter<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of butter that is added to a salad.<br>|
| Experimental: C<br>Subjects will be assigned to consume 20 grams soybean oil, 3 grams canola oil, and 8 grams butter that is added to a salad. | Other: Soybean Oil<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of soybean oil that is added to a salad.<br>Other: Canola Oil<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of canola oil that is added to a salad.<br>Other: Butter<br>* Depending on the experimental group assigned, each subject which will be given one of three different amounts of butter that is added to a salad.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluating the impact of dietary lipid profiles on intestinal absorption of carotenoids from vegetables. |  | 66 days |