Olfactory Decision-making and Deprived Sleep

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This research study will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and olfactory stimuli to better understand the connection between sleep deprivation, brain activity, and olfaction in humans.

Official Title
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Olfactory Decision-making and Deprived Sleep

Conditions
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Sleep Deprivation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Sleep deprivation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: At least 18 years old Fluent English speakers Exclusion Criteria: History of neurological conditions (e.g., epilepsy, dementia, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, etc.) History of psychiatric conditions (e.g., general anxiety disorder, depression, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, alcoholism, etc.) Significant medical illnesses (e.g., cancer, meningitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, etc.) Cerebrovascular risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, elevated cholesterol, etc.) Use of psychoactive medications (e.g., barbiturates, benzodiazepines, chloral hydrate, haloperidol, lithium, carbamazepine, phenytoin, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, diazepam, etc.) Smell or taste dysfunction History of severe allergies requiring hospitalization for treatment History of severe asthma requiring hospitalization for treatment Habitual smoking History of eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, etc.) Dieting or fasting History of sleep disorders (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, insomnia, etc.) Magnetic implants (e.g., shunts or stents, aneurysm clips, surgical clips, cochlear implants, metal bone/joint pins, plates and screws, eyelid spring or wires, etc.) Electronic implants (e.g., implanted cardiac defibrillator, cardiac pacemaker, deep brain/spinal cord or nerve stimulator, internal electrodes/wires, medication infusion devices, etc.) History of metal working without proper eye protection, or injury with metal shrapnel or metal slivers Left-handedness Claustrophobia

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Fully slept first; Sleep deprived second<br>Participants will be fully slept during the first experimental visit and sleep deprived during the second experimental visit | Behavioral: Sleep deprivation<br>* Fully slept: Sleep habitual amount (i.e., go to sleep at habitual bedtime and wake up at habitual wake time) Sleep deprived: Reduce sleep by 50% (i.e., go to sleep at habitual bedtime and wake up early)<br>|
| Experimental: Sleep deprived first; Fully slept second<br>Participants will be sleep deprived during the first experimental visit and fully slept during the second experimental visit | Behavioral: Sleep deprivation<br>* Fully slept: Sleep habitual amount (i.e., go to sleep at habitual bedtime and wake up at habitual wake time) Sleep deprived: Reduce sleep by 50% (i.e., go to sleep at habitual bedtime and wake up early)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Behavior an olfactory perceptual decision-making task | Food-like perceptual responses to binary food-nonfood odor mixtures | Up to 24 hours after the intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging | Resting-state activity determined by functional magnetic resonance imaging | Up to 24 hours after the intervention |