Sleep Patterns in Children and Adolescents With ADHD

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study is aimed to find out Sleep profile differences in children and adolescents with and without ADHD,Relationship between sleep profile disturbance and ADHD symptoms, Impact of sleep disturbance on cognition functions and quality of life.

Detailed Description
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood, affecting 3 -5% children & adolescent worldwide . Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness are the major ADHD symptoms based on the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), Fifth Edition . Sleep has been referred to as a window to the central nervous system, owing to its close associations with many other neurophysiological variables. Children are highly vulnerable to sleep disruptions in early childhood, perhaps due to the complexity of the sleep process and children's reliance on caregivers for achieving and maintaining sleep . The relationship between sleep and ADHD is a complex process and has gained renewed interest since clinicians and researchers observed that sleep-related problems and complaints are relatively common among children with ADHD .Previous studies have shown that About 25-50% of children and adolescents with ADHD have sleep disorders , including nocturnal awakenings, phase delay, increased night time activity and insomnia. Evaluation of sleep problems in child &adolescent clinical settings is commonly lacking, often unrecognized and go untreated in clinical setting. So, Untreated sleep disturbances and sleep disorders pose significant adverse daytime consequences and place children at considerable risk for poor health outcomes . Sleep disturbances impair a child's cognitive functioning and contribute to problems with school attendance and performance .

Official Title
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Sleep Patterns in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: Impact on Cognitive Functions and Quality of Life

Conditions
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Sleep Disorder, ADHD, Cognitive Change

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Polysomnography


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Ages 6-17 years inclusive males or females Intelligence Quotient( IQ) > or equal 80 detected by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children . Willingness to comply with all study requirements Inclusion criteria for ADHD group only: • confirmed newly diagnosed ADHD according to DSM-5 Criteria. (American Psychiatric Association) Exclusion Criteria: History of chronic/significant medical condition History or Current prescribed use of any psychotropics, including non-stimulant medications for ADHD. History or Current substance abuse or dependence. First degree relative with psychosis or bipolar disorder. Exclusion for the ADHD group only: • Meets criteria for any other psychiatric comorbidity Disorder besides ADHD or Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Exclusion for the Healthy Control group only: • Meets criteria for any psychiatric Disorders.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 17 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Children and adolescents with ADHD<br>Children and Adolescents with ADHD children or Adolescents, male or female, ages 6-17, confirmed diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, or combined presentations), medically healthy, no comorbid psychiatric diagnosis other than ODD, intelligence within normal limits. Participants will complete 1 night of polysomnography at sleep lab and a neuropsychological and quality of life assessment in the lab. | Other: Polysomnography<br>* Polysomnography Is considered as the gold standard of sleep assessment. It combines a number of measures of body function during sleep, including measurement of brain activity(electroencephalography),eye movements(electrooculography ),muscle activity (electromyography),heart rhythm(electrocardiography).<br>* Other names: Conners' continuous performance test;|
| Healthy control children and adolescent<br>children or Adolescents, male or female, ages 6-17,medically healthy, no psychiatric diagnoses, intelligence within normal limits. Participants will complete 1 night of polysomnography at sleep lab and a neuropsychological and quality of life assessment in the lab. | Other: Polysomnography<br>* Polysomnography Is considered as the gold standard of sleep assessment. It combines a number of measures of body function during sleep, including measurement of brain activity(electroencephalography),eye movements(electrooculography ),muscle activity (electromyography),heart rhythm(electrocardiography).<br>* Other names: Conners' continuous performance test;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| polysomnography to measure total sleep time(minutes) in ADHD patients |  | 1 night | 
| polysomnography to measure sleep efficiency(%) in ADHD patients |  | 1 night | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Assessment of cognitive function in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders | Conners' continuous performance test to assess cognitive function | 2 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Sleep, ADHD, Children, Cognition