Appetite Profile After Intake of Rye Breakfast Meal

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Food structure influence metabolic response including appetite. Whole grain foods include a wide range of products; cracked or cut kernels, rolled flakes or milled to flour and used in foods such as breads, breakfast cereals and pasta.

Detailed Description
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The aim of the present study was to investigate if rye grain structure influence perceived appetite. A comparison of whole rye kernels and milled rye kernels were done in two study parts. In the first part the rye was served as porridge breakfasts and in the second one milled and whole kernels were included into bread breakfasts. In order to observe potential effects that would arise when the remains of the meal reaches the colon, the period of measurement was set to 8 h after intake of iso-caloric rye bread and rye porridge breakfasts. A randomized, crossover design was used to compare the effects of iso-caloric breakfast meals on subjective appetite during 8 h after consumption.

Official Title
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Appetite Profile After Intake of Rye Breakfast Meal

Conditions
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Obesity Prevention

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Effect of breakfasts with whole vs milled rye kernels on appetite


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 20 and 60 years; body mass index (BMI) 18-27 kg/m2; habit of consuming breakfast, lunch and dinner every day willingness to comply with the study procedures Exclusion Criteria: intake of medicine likely to affect appetite or food intake; any medical condition involving the gastrointestinal tract; eating disorder; smoking; consumption of more than three cups of coffee per day; change of body weight more than 10% three months prior to screening; consumption of any restricted diet such as vegan, gluten free, slimming etc.; pregnancy, lactation or wish to become pregnant during the study period

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Whole kernel breakfast<br> | Other: Effect of breakfasts with whole vs milled rye kernels on appetite<br>* Iso-caloric portions of the three breakfast foods along with identical additional foods are tested in a cross over design<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Wheat reference breakfast<br> | Other: Effect of breakfasts with whole vs milled rye kernels on appetite<br>* Iso-caloric portions of the three breakfast foods along with identical additional foods are tested in a cross over design<br>|
| Active Comparator: Milled kernel breakfast<br> | Other: Effect of breakfasts with whole vs milled rye kernels on appetite<br>* Iso-caloric portions of the three breakfast foods along with identical additional foods are tested in a cross over design<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Subjective appetite (hunger, satiety, desire to eat) |  | 8 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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satiety, grain structure, rye