Evaluation of Biomarker Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Different Periodontal Diseases

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Objectives: The aim of this study is; detection of peptidyl arginine deiminase4 (PAD4), galectin-3 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of periodontally healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis patients and the possible correlation between these values and clinical parameters of periodontal diseases. Materials and methods: Samples of GCF were obtained from 60systemically healthy non-smoker individuals with periodontitis (P, n=20), gingivitis(G, n=20) and healthy periodontium (S, n=20). Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were also recorded. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine PAD4, galectin-3 and TNF-α levels in the biological samples.

Official Title
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Evaluation of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4 (PAD4), Galectin-3 and TNF-α Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Different Periodontal Diseases

Conditions
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Periodontal Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: GCF obtaining


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Systemically healthy (The determination of healthy volunteers will be based on the statements of the patients in the anamnesis. No additional examinations will be made.) At least twenty permanent teeth in the mouth Non-smoker No medication for continuous use Those who have not used antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and systemic corticosteroid drugs in the last 6 months. Not in pregnancy or lactation period. For the periodontitis group that has not received periodontal treatment in the last 6 months For the periodontitis group; According to the evaluation made in 6 regions of each tooth, individuals with 30% or more bleeding on probing area, at least 2 teeth not adjacent to each quarter jaw with a depth of 5 mm or more and 4 mm or more attachment loss, coronal 1/3 and more on radiography (horizontal and / or vertical) bone loss For the gingivitis group; According to the evaluation made in 6 regions of each tooth, individuals with 10% or more bleeding on probing area, having a probing depth of less than 4mm and no attachment loss For healthy group; According to the evaluation made in 6 regions of each tooth,individuals with less than 10% bleeding on probing area, having a probing depth less than 4mm and no loss of attachment were included in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Any oral or systemic disease Regularly using a systemic medication During pregnancy or lactation Received periodontal treatment within the last 6 months. Those who received antibiotic, anti-inflammatory or systemic corticosteroid medication in the last 6 months Smokers are not included in the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: According to full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL),bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) samples of GCF were obtained from 60 systemically healthy non-smoker individuals with periodontitis (P, n=20), gingivitis(G, n=20) and healthy periodontium (S, n=20).
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Healthy Periodontium<br>Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements recorded and GCF obtained. | Diagnostic Test: GCF obtaining<br>* 4 samples of gingival crevicular fluid, 1 from each quadrant of the patient's jaw, were collected by means of paper strips.<br>|
| Experimental: Gingivitis<br>Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements recorded and GCF obtained. | Diagnostic Test: GCF obtaining<br>* 4 samples of gingival crevicular fluid, 1 from each quadrant of the patient's jaw, were collected by means of paper strips.<br>|
| Experimental: Periodontitis<br>Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements recorded and GCF obtained. | Diagnostic Test: GCF obtaining<br>* 4 samples of gingival crevicular fluid, 1 from each quadrant of the patient's jaw, were collected by means of paper strips.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The total amount of Galectin-3 in GCF | The total amount of Galectin-3 in GCF | 24 hours after taking the clinical measurements at the first visit | 
| The total amount of PAD4 in GCF | The total amount of PAD4 in GCF | 24 hours after taking the clinical measurements at the first visit | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The total amount of TNF-α in GCF | The total amount of TNF-α in GCF | 24 hours after taking the clinical measurements at the first visit |