ANgiogenic Function at NOrmal TErm on Placenta

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
In vivo and ex vivo study of trophoblastic angiogenic trophoblastic function in placentas from normal pregnancies, at term

Detailed Description
-----------------
The objective of this study is to better understand the regulation of trophoblast expression of pro- and antiangiogenic factors such as placenta growth factor (PlGF) or Soluble FMS like tyrosin-kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and more particularly on human differentiated trophoblastic cells from healthy placentas. The measurement of the variation in gene and protein expression of placental angiogenic factors will provide a better understanding of their pathophysiology. Secondary objectives are the study of trophoblastic differentiation and placental functions, and the study of the impact of chemical compounds on the biological functions of the placenta. To do this, these healthy placentas may be exposed to different factors that promote the occurrence of specific pregnancy pathologies such as pre-eclampsia and vascular intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), caused by placental dysfunction. This will make it possible to test molecules and vector approaches targeted directly at the trophoblast, in order to consider therapeutic targets, which do not exist to date.

Official Title
-----------------
Angiogenic Function at Normal Term on Placenta

Conditions
-----------------
Pregnancy Related

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Pregnancies with scheduled cesarean delivery >37 weeks of amenorrhea: strictly normal pregnancies complicated pregnancies of gestational diabetes, insulin-treated or not complicated pregnancies due to pregnancy cholestasis spontaneous or in vitro fecondation (IVF) / Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancies with or without oocyte donation Exclusion Criteria: Patient's opposition Age < 18 years old Women under the protection of justice Multiple pregnancy Known major fetal malformation Pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation Placental insertionnomaly Type 1 diabetes HIV-positive patient with HIV/hepatisis C virus (HCV) regardless of viral load Patient in labour at the time of Caesarean section Patient whose medical history results in medication being taken in pregnancy courses that may interfere with the biology of the trophoblast (immunomodulators in case of autoimmune diseases, anti-rejection drugs in case of transplant patients)

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------
What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Level of placental angiogenic factors | Variation in the gene and protein expression of placental angiogenic factors on healthy placentas | day 0 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Level of sFlt-1 (Soluble FMS like tyrosin-kinase-1) | Sflt-1 levels when the placenta is exposed to factors that promote the development of vascular pregnancy diseases | day 1 | 
| Level of PlGF (Placental Growth Factor) | PlGF levels when the placenta is exposed to factors that promote the development of vascular pregnancy diseases | day 1 |