The Effect of Fact Versus Myth Messages on Receipt of Influenza Vaccination

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether message design of educational materials increases vaccination rates among participants.

Official Title
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The Effect of Fact Versus Myth Messages on Receipt of Influenza Vaccination

Conditions
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Influenza Vaccination

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Fact Only Education Message
* Behavioral: Fact and Myth Educational Message
* Behavioral: Fact, Myth, Why Educational Message
* Behavioral: Control Educational Message


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participant must have a scheduled appointment at least 6 weeks in advance in either the GIM or Geriatrics clinics at NMFF. Participant must be a patient of Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation. Participant does not intend to receive the influenza vaccine. Exclusion Criteria: Participant has a diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease or Dementia Participant has received an influenza vaccination during either the last influenza season or the current. The scheduled visit is the participant's first time being seen by this doctor (appointment is to establish care in the clinic).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Fact Only<br>The educational message used will contain facts only. | Behavioral: Fact Only Education Message<br>* Participants randomized to this intervention will receive an educational brochure listing the facts of the influenza vaccine.<br>* Other names: Fact Only;|
| Experimental: Fact and Myth<br>The educational material seen by this arm will contain facts and myths only. | Behavioral: Fact and Myth Educational Message<br>* Participants randomized to this intervention will receive an educational brochure listing the facts and myths of the influenza vaccine.<br>* Other names: Fact & Myth;|
| Experimental: Fact, Myth, Why<br>The educational material seen by this arm will contain myths, facts, and refutations of the myths. | Behavioral: Fact, Myth, Why Educational Message<br>* Participants randomized to this intervention will receive an educational brochure listing the facts, myths, and refutation of the myths of the influenza vaccine.<br>* Other names: Fact, Myth, Why;|
| Placebo Comparator: Control<br>This arm will receive fact/myth educational materials originally developed and used by the CDC. | Behavioral: Control Educational Message<br>* Participants randomized to this intervention will receive an educational brochure created and used by the CDC in a previous influenza season.<br>* Other names: Control;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Influenza Vaccination | The primary outcome is receipt of influenza vaccination at appointment directly following the post-test. A pre-test was completed by participants during a telephone interview that occurred approximately two weeks prior to a scheduled clinic appointment. The post-test was completed via an in-person interview by participants immediately prior to their scheduled appointment. That is, the participants met with the Research Assistant, completed the post-test, and then proceeded to see their physician for a previously scheduled office visit. | 1 week following randomization | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Recall Accuracy | Participants were given 8 statements about the flu/flu shot and asked to recall if they had seen the statement on the message they received via FedEx. Participants responded that statement had been presented as a fact, presented as a myth, presented, but I don't recall if it was a fact or a myth, or not presented. Participants scored 1 for each correct answer; 0 for each incorrect answer or for response I don't recall. Recall accuracy was calculated among each message format, range for recall accuracy was 0 - 8 with 0 indicating no correct answers and 8 representing 100% accuracy. Thus units of measurement are units on a scale to represent participant scores out of 8 on the recall items. | 1 week following receipt of message | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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education, vaccination, preventive service, Prevention & Control