Ultrasound-guided Arterial Catheterization in Pediatric Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Investigators designed a prospective randomized controlled study to compare the long-axis/in-plane and short-axis/out-of-plane methods during the ultrasound-guided arterial catheterization in pediatric patients younger than 5 years old.

Official Title
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Comparison of Long-axis/In-plane and Short-axis/Out-of-plane Methods During the Ultrasound-guided Arterial Cannulation in Pediatric Patients

Conditions
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Ultrasound, Arterial Catheterization, Child

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Long-axis/in-plane US-guided arterial catheterization
* Other: Short-axis/out-of-plane US-guided arterial catheterization


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Surgery under general anesthesia Requires invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring Exclusion Criteria: Infection/hematoma/skin disease/arteriovenous fistula/recent catheterization scar in radial artery or posterior tibial artery Peripheral vascular disease Congenital aortic disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Infant<br>Radial artery or posterior tibial artery of patients younger than 1 year old are either cannulated with short-axis/out-of-plane or long-axis/in-plane US-guided arterial catheterization technique. | Other: Long-axis/in-plane US-guided arterial catheterization<br>* Cannulate the radial artery or posterior tibial artery of an infant of a preschool child putting the 24 gauge needle parallel to the ultrasound transducer.<br>Other: Short-axis/out-of-plane US-guided arterial catheterization<br>* Cannulate the radial artery or posterior tibial artery of an infant or a preschool child putting the 24 gauge needle perpendicular to the ultrasound transducer.<br>|
| Experimental: Preschool child<br>Radial artery or posterior tibial artery of patients older than 1 year old and younger than 5 years old are either cannulated with long-axis/in-plane or short-axis/out-of-plane US-guided arterial catheterization technique. | Other: Long-axis/in-plane US-guided arterial catheterization<br>* Cannulate the radial artery or posterior tibial artery of an infant of a preschool child putting the 24 gauge needle parallel to the ultrasound transducer.<br>Other: Short-axis/out-of-plane US-guided arterial catheterization<br>* Cannulate the radial artery or posterior tibial artery of an infant or a preschool child putting the 24 gauge needle perpendicular to the ultrasound transducer.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Arterial catheterization time |  | Interval between contact of the ultrasound transducer with the skin and confirmation of an arterial waveform on the monitor, an expected average of 200 seconds | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ultrasound imaging time |  | Interval between contact of the ultrasound transducer with the skin and penetration of the needle through the skin, an expected average of 30 seconds | 
| Time to first puncture of the artery |  | Interval between skin penetration of the needle and flashback of blood, an expected average of 100 seconds | 
| Number of puncture attempts |  | Up to 5 times, an expected average observation time of 600 seconds |