Predictors of Acute and Persistent Postoperative Pain in Lung Cancer Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this observational study is to investigate if preoperative quantitative sensory testing, anxiety and depression symptoms, and biological markers are associated with the risk of developing acute and chronic postoperative pain after video-assisted Thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Detailed Description
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This observational study examine acute and chronic postoperative pain in patients undergoing VATS. In the study preoperative biomarkers, quantitative sensory testing and questionnaires are used to create prediction models for acute and chronic postoperative pain. The study will serve as background information on the risk factors and predictive factors as well as an exploration of the impact of surgical stress from VATS on circulation microRNA and inflammatory mediators.

Official Title
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Predictors of Acute and Persistent Postoperative Pain in Lung Cancer Surgery

Conditions
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Lung Cancer

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Preoperative test


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Adults independent of sex with an age of ≥ 18 years Patients scheduled for VATS as a part of either examination or radical treatment of lung cancer Exclusion Criteria: Patients who are unable to understand oral and written information. Patients with known chronic pain in the thorax which have been persisting for at least six months before the day of surgery. Pregnant and nursing women. Patients receiving a planned preoperative epidural blockade during their stay. Patients converted to open surgery.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients Undergoing VATS<br>Only one group as primary endpoints are continous | Diagnostic Test: Preoperative test<br>* Patients are subject to quantitative sensory testing, questionnaires, and biomarker analysis prior to surgery.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Numerical Rating Scale | Pain intensity on a Numerical Rating Scale ranging from 0 indicating no pain to 10 indicating worst pain imaginable during the first two postoperative days. | 48 hours postoperative | 
| Numerical Rating Scale | Pain intensity on a Numerical Rating Scale ranging from 0 indicating no pain to 10 indicating worst pain imaginable at follow up. Collected using the Brief Pain Index | 365 days postoperative | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Total equipotent opioid dose | 48 hours postoperative | Total equipotent opioid dose in milligrams during the first 48 hours after surgery. | 
| Time to first administration of opioid | 48 hours postoperative | Time in hours to first postoperative administration of Pro Re Nata (PRN) opioids | 
| Mobilisation | Time in hours to full mobilisation defined as walking with or without aids. | 48 hours postoperative | 
| Patient-reported satisfaction of postoperative pain management assessed by self-made questionnaire in Danish | Patients are asked to fill out a questionnaire rating their general satisfaction with pain management and sufficiency of pain treatment on a scale from 0 to 10. The questionnaire also assess whether the patients had any perceived side effects and how uncomfortable they were on a scale from 0 to 10. | Measured twice. Once 48 hours after surgery or at non fixed time(on average 4 days and a maximum of 3 months) as well as at 365 days |