Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health of OCD Patients and live-in Family Members

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The impact of the current Covid-19 pandemic on mental health of people with preexisting psychiatric problems is enormous. This longitudinal study investigates the prevalence of mental health problems (obsessive compulsive, or depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress...) of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and their live-in family members. We also aim to investigate the impact of the pandemic, isolation measures, exposure to media and changing therapeutic setting in OCD patients and their live-in family members through qualitative research.

Detailed Description
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The impact of the current Covid-19 pandemic on mental health of people with preexisting psychiatric problems is enormous. Previous studies during the SARS outbreak demonstrated a significant burden and increase of mental health problems in people with preexisting psychiatric problems, but little is known about the impact on preexisting obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This longitudinal study aims to investigate the prevalence of mental health problems of OCD patients during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. We also want to investigate the impact on family accommodation (FA). There is growing evidence that FA maintains and/or facilitates OCD symptoms. OCD patients and their live-in family members, followed at the Centre for OCD of the Ghent university hospital, will be included. Sociodemographic data, data regarding employment and previous mental health problems will be collected at the first survey. The Y-BOCS (OCD symtoms) and FAS (family accommodation) will be taken from patients and family members respectively at the start, after 1, 3 and 6 months. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Dutch translation of the Covid-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) will be administered at the same time points through an online survey. Secondly, patients and live-in family members will be interviewed about their experiences concerning the covid pandemic, the isolation measures, media exposure and change of mental health practice and the impact on the OCD (qualitative research).

Official Title
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Their live-in Family Members

Conditions
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Y-BOCS or FAS online survey, interview


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: OCD patients live-in family members of OCD patients Exclusion Criteria: not speaking fluently Dutch

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| OCD patients<br>Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder | Other: Y-BOCS or FAS online survey, interview<br>* Y-BOCS or FAS and online survey will be administered interview will be conducted<br>|
| live-in family members<br>Live-in family members of OCD patients | Other: Y-BOCS or FAS online survey, interview<br>* Y-BOCS or FAS and online survey will be administered interview will be conducted<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| OCD symptoms in patients at baseline | OCD symptoms as measured by the Y-BOCS | Baseline | 
| Family accommodation in family members at baseline | FA as measured by the family accommodation scale (FAS) | Baseline | 
| Change in OCD symptoms in patients | OCD symptoms as measured by the Y-BOCS | Baseline + 30 days, baseline + 90 days, baseline + 180 days | 
| Change in family accommodation in family members | FA as measured by the family accommodation scale (FAS) | Baseline + 30 days, baseline + 90 days, baseline + 180 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Depressive symptoms at baseline in patients and family members | Depressive symptoms as measured by the 7-item depression subscale of the self-reported 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) (DASS-21-Depression). A higher score indicates more depressive symptoms with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 21. | Baseline | 
| Change in depressive symptoms in patients and family members | Depressive symptoms as measured by the 7-item depression subscale of the self-reported 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) (DASS-21-Depression). A higher score indicates more depressive symptoms with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 21. | Baseline + 30 days, baseline + 90 days, baseline + 180 days | 
| Anxiety symptoms at baseline in patients and family members | Anxiety symptoms as measured by the 7-item depression subscale of the self-reported 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) (DASS-21-Depression). A higher score indicates more anxiety symptoms with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 21. | Baseline | 
| Change in anxiety symptoms in patients and family members | Anxiety symptoms as measured by the 7-item depression subscale of the self-reported 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) (DASS-21-Depression). A higher score indicates more anxiety symptoms with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 21. | Baseline + 30 days, baseline + 90 days, baseline + 180 days | 
| Stress levels at baseline in patients and family members | Stress as measured by the 7-item depression subscale of the self-reported 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) (DASS-21-Depression). A higher score indicates more stress levels with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 21. | Baseline | 
| Change in stress levels in patients and family members | Stress as measured by the 7-item depression subscale of the self-reported 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) (DASS-21-Depression). A higher score indicates more stress levels with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 21. | Baseline + 30 days, baseline + 90 days, baseline + 180 days | 
| Covid-19 related psychological stress at baseline in patients and family members | Specific distress regarding Covid-19 will be measured by the Dutch translation of the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI). This self-reported questionnaire inquires about the frequency of anxiety, depression, specific phobias, cognitive change, avoidance and compulsive behaviour, physical symptoms and loss of social functioning in the past week. The score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more distress. | Baseline | 
| Change in Covid-19 related psychological stress in patients and family members | Specific distress regarding Covid-19 will be measured by the Dutch translation of the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI). This self-reported questionnaire inquires about the frequency of anxiety, depression, specific phobias, cognitive change, avoidance and compulsive behaviour, physical symptoms and loss of social functioning in the past week. The score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more distress. | Baseline + 30 days, baseline + 90 days, baseline + 180 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Family accommodation, Covid-19