EEG Studies of Sevoflurane-Induced General Anesthesia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators are performing this research study to find out how and where the anesthetic drugs sevoflurane and ketamine act in the brain. Sevoflurane and ketamine are anesthetics (a drug or agent used to decrease or eliminate the feeling of pain by causing unconsciousness). The investigators will study the brain using a machine that records the brain's electrical activity, called an electroencephalogram (EEG).

Detailed Description
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During this research study, participants will receive sevoflurane, and sevoflurane and ketamine together, at a high enough dose to induce general anesthesia (make study participants fall asleep). During one visit participants will receive only sevoflurane; during another visit participants will be given both sevoflurane and ketamine together. The investigators will record EEG the entire time. The investigators will also ask some questions related to pain and cognitive function.

Official Title
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Electroencephalogram Studies of Induction and Recovery From Sevoflurane-Induced General Anesthesia

Conditions
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Anesthesia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Sevoflurane
* Drug: Ketamine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Between the ages of 18 and 50 Normal body weight and habitus, BMI ≤ 30 Non-smoker American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification P1 Exclusion Criteria: Chronic health conditions

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: EEG Dynamics<br>EEG data will be collected on patients receiving sevoflurane, and sevoflurane and ketamine together. | Drug: Sevoflurane<br>* Subjects will received sevoflurane for approximately 60 minutes.<br>Drug: Ketamine<br>* Subjects will received sevoflurane and ketamine for approximately 60 minutes.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Frequencies At Which Changes in Alpha, Theta, and Slow-Delta Wave Power Were Observed From Baseline During Sevoflurane-induced General Anesthesia | Changes in power from baseline at various EEG spectral frequencies were assessed at sevoflurane-induced loss of responsiveness. EEGs of 12 patients were analyzed to determine changes in various EEG spectral frequencies (alpha, theta, delta, etc.) from baseline. The outcome measure reflects the associated frequency (Hz) at which changes were found under sevoflurane-induced general anesthesia. These frequency values are a representation of the findings for all 12 participants. | Approximately 60 minutes |