Exploring the Effect of Baduanjin on the Metabolic Parameters and Body Mass Index of People With Schizophrenia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Baduanjin seems to be effective for improving body mass index and fasting sugar in male individuals with schizophrenia. Aim This study was to explore the effect of Baduanjin on the five metabolic parameters and body mass index in participants with chronic schizophrenia. Methods We recruited 92 participants from 3 chronic wards and nursing homes in eastern and northern Taiwan. Participants were assigned by blocked randomization into experimental group and control group. Those in the experimental group received 60 minutes, three times a week for 12 weeks of Baduanjin program training, while those in the control group received physical activity for thirty minutes. We collected the blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, high density cholesterol, waist circumference, and body mass index three times: before the intervention, end of the intervention immediately and 3-month follow up. Chi-squared and independent samples t test were used to compare the groups differences in the demographic characteristics and outcome indicators at the baseline for male and female separately. Demographic variables were controlled. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to examine the effects of groups, time, group and time interaction by sex.

Detailed Description
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This study explored the effect of Baduanjin on metabolic parameters and body mass index in people with schizophrenia. We recruited 92 participants from 3 rehabilitation units in Taiwan. Participants were assigned by blocked randomization into an experimental group or control group. Those in the experimental group received 60 minutes of Baduanjin three times a week for 12-weeks, while those in the control group received physical activity for thirty minutes. We assessed five metabolic parameters and body mass index at three timepoints: baseline, posttest and 3-month follow up.

Official Title
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Exploring the Effect of Baduanjin on the Metabolic Parameters and Body Mass Index of People With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Randomized Controlled Trial

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Baduanjin program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: diagnosis of schizophrenia between 20-65 years of age BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 or at least one metabolic parameter abnormality ability to listen, speak and write Chinese no additional exercise beyond normal exercise. Exclusion Criteria: patients in acute phase requiring hospitalization; patients with severe and unstable

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: The participants were divided into experimental and control groups through block randomization.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The control group (CG) received routine care and was required to physical activity for thirty minutes | |
| Experimental: Baduanjin program<br>The entire program continued for 6 months (March to October 2016), and the intervention was performed for 60 min 3 times for 12-weeks ; particular attention was paid to the disease characteristics of the patients with chronic schizophrenia and to preventing excessive fatigue. Every session began with a 20-min warm-up, followed by 20 min of Baduanjin program, and ended with a cool-down session. The participants were instructed, with the assistance of a video, to practice Baduanjin program in a group by two authors who are experienced in the psychiatric nurses and had been trained in this program. | Behavioral: Baduanjin program<br>* This exercise program aimed to increase patient participation and control their metabolic parameters and body mass index through Baduanjin program. The entire program continued for 6 months (March to October 2016), and the intervention was performed for 60 min 3 times for 12-weeks; particular attention was paid to the disease characteristics of the patients with chronic schizophrenia and to preventing excessive fatigue. Every session began with a 20-min warmup, followed by 20 min of Baduanjin program, and ended with a cool-down session. The participants were instructed, with the assistance of a video, to practice Baduanjin program in a group by two authors who are experienced in the psychiatric nurses and had been trained in this program.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| body Mass Index | BMI is defined as Body weight(kilograms) divided by height (meter) squared | 6 months | 
| Fasting blood sugar | Change from Baseline Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) at 3 months and 6 months | 6 months | 
| Waist circumference | Change from Baseline Waist circumference (inches) at 3 months and 6 months | 6 months | 
| triglyceride | Change from Baseline triglyceride (mg/dl) at 3 months and 6 months | 6 months | 
| Blood pressure | Change from Baseline Blood pressure (mmHg) at 3 months and 6 months | 6 months | 
| high-density lipoprotein | Change from Baseline high-density lipoprotein (mg/dl) at 3 months and 6 months | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Baduanjin, body mass index, metabolic parameters, metabolic syndrome, schizophrenia