Effect of Fasting on the Non-invasive Measurement of the Body's Water Compartments

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Preoperative fasting is defined as refraining from food for at least 6 hours and clear fluids for at least 2 hours prior to anaesthesia. On the one hand, it is a procedure that reduces the risk of aspiration of food content and the occurrence of Mendelson's syndrome, and on the other hand, it was considered to be the cause of disturbances in water management in patients undergoing general anaesthesia. However, reports from recent years have found that moderate preoperative fasting does not influence the risk of hypovolemia in anesthetized patients. It is also known that in fasting people the total body water is reduced. Thus, it can be assumed that there are mechanisms causing the movement of extravascular water into the lumen of blood vessels. For several years, the Body Composition Monitor (BCM) device for non-invasive measurement of the volume of individual water compartments of the human body has been available on the market. It allows to determine the volume of total body water, intracellular body water and extracellular body water. It is mainly used during dialysis, but it can also be used in other circumstances that require the determination of the body's hydration status. The principle of this method is based on non-invasive bioimpedance measurement with the use of 4 electrodes placed on two extremities. The aim of the study is to determine whether there is a fluid shift between the intracellular and extracellular compartments in people undergoing preoperative fasting. Examination of this issue would allow for the development of hypothesis regarding the optimal perioperative fluid therapy. If there was a shift of fluid from the intracellular space, it seems more rational to supplement fluid deficiencies resulting from starvation with a 5% glucose solution. If, on the other hand, no fluid shift from the intracellular space was detected, which would suggest shifts within the extracellular space, it would be advisable to hydrate the patient with crystalloid solutions.

Official Title
-----------------
Effect of Fasting on the Non-invasive Measurement of the Body's Water Compartments

Conditions
-----------------
Dehydration, Perioperative Complication

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Dietary Supplement: Nutricia Pre-op, 400 milliliters, per os


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) general condition assessment 1 or 2 Exclusion Criteria: Chronic kidney disease Circulatory failure Phenylketonuria History of hypoglycaemic episodes or any carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Pre-op<br>Nutricia Pre-op, 400 milliliters, per os | Dietary Supplement: Nutricia Pre-op, 400 milliliters, per os<br>* After 10 hours of fasting participants will receive per os 400 milliliters of Nutricia Pre-op<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>No intervention | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Amount of total body water | Measurements will be done with Fresenius Body Composition Monitor | Changes form baseline after 10 hours of fasting and after 2 hours of pre-op administration | 
| Extracellular to intracellular water ratio | Measurements will be done with Fresenius Body Composition Monitor | Changes form baseline after 10 hours of fasting and after 2 hours of pre-op administration |