Comparison of Mental Skills of Professional Esports Players With Different Levels of Physical Activity

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Competitive video games, defined as esports, have been increasing in popularity especially in the last ten years. In this study, our primary aim is; to compare the mental abilities of professional esport players with different physical activity levels.

Detailed Description
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Competitive video games, defined as esports, have been increasing in popularity especially in the last ten years. In this study, our primary aim is; to compare the mental abilities of professional esport players with different physical activity levels. The second aim of our study is; to reveal information about the physical activity levels of Turkish professional esports players. In addition, pioneering information will be presented to both clinicians and researchers on physical activity in esports, which is frequently discussed today.

Official Title
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A Comparison of Mental Toughness and Mental Imagination Skills of Professional Esports Players With Different Levels of Physical Activity

Conditions
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Healthy, Physical Inactivity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Assessment 1
* Other: Assessment 2
* Other: Assessment 3
* Other: Assessment 4


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Beingover 18 years old Being a professional esports player Being contracted with an esports club Esports branch includes games played on a computer platform, in sitting position, using mouse, keyboard and monitor. Volunteering for the study Exclusion Criteria: Sports branches in which different equipments that can change biomechanical properties such as phone, console, joystick are used. Having less than 2 years of esports background Having any musculoskeletal injury within 6 months Having any neurological, rheumatological, cardiac problems Having a psychiatric illness Having any communication problems

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Inactive<br>The score obtained by multiplying the duration, frequency and MET values of the physical activities in which the participants participated in 7 days and for at least 10 minutes is <600 MET - min/week. After the participants are divided into groups according to their physical activity levels, mental toughness and mental imagery skills will be evaluated with the Mental Toughness Scale and the Sports Imagery Questionnaire. | Other: Assessment 1<br>* Mental Toughness Questionnaire in Sport<br>Other: Assessment 2<br>* Sport Imagery Questionnaire<br>Other: Assessment 3<br>* The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index<br>Other: Assessment 4<br>* The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)<br>|
| Low Level Physical Activity (PA)<br>The score obtained by multiplying the duration, frequency and MET values of the physical activities in which the participants participated in 7 days and for at least 10 minutes is 600 - 3000 MET - min/week. After the participants are divided into groups according to their physical activity levels, mental toughness and mental imagery skills will be evaluated with the Mental Toughness Scale and the Sports Imagery Questionnaire. | Other: Assessment 1<br>* Mental Toughness Questionnaire in Sport<br>Other: Assessment 2<br>* Sport Imagery Questionnaire<br>Other: Assessment 3<br>* The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index<br>Other: Assessment 4<br>* The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)<br>|
| Adequate Level Physical Activity (PA)<br>The score obtained by multiplying the duration, frequency and MET values of the physical activities in which the participants participated in 7 days and for at least 10 minutes is >3000 MET - min/week. After the participants are divided into groups according to their physical activity levels, mental toughness and mental imagery skills will be evaluated with the Mental Toughness Scale and the Sports Imagery Questionnaire. | Other: Assessment 1<br>* Mental Toughness Questionnaire in Sport<br>Other: Assessment 2<br>* Sport Imagery Questionnaire<br>Other: Assessment 3<br>* The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index<br>Other: Assessment 4<br>* The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) | The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (UFAA) will be used to determine the physical activity levels of the participants. The UFAA-Short Form is a valid tool used to assess physical activity in young adults. It is a 7-item scale that evaluates the duration and frequency of vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, walking and sedentary behavior based on MET values. Physical activity levels are classified into 3 categories according to the scores obtained by multiplying the duration, frequency and MET values of the physical activities that the participants participated in within 7 days and for at least 10 minutes. Accordingly, <600 MET - min/week is defined as inactive, 600 - 3000 MET - min/week low, and >3000 MET - min/week is defined as sufficient physical activity level. | 3 months, July 2022 - September 2022 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mental Toughness Questionnaire in Sports | The mental toughness parameters of the participants will be evaluated face-to-face with the Mental Toughness Questionnaire in Sports. It was developed by Sheard, Golby and Van Wersch in 2009. It is a 14-item scale that includes three sub-dimensions of trust, continuity and control and provides information about mental resilience in young adults. Although there are reverse questions in the scale, it includes a Likert-type evaluation between 1 and 4 (1= Completely false, 4= Completely true). Although the highest score that can be obtained is 56, high scores from the scale show that the athletes have a high level of mental endurance. | 4 months, September 2022 - December 2022 | 
| Sport Imagery Questionaire | The imagination skills of the participants will be evaluated face-to-face with the Sports Imagery Questionnaire. It is a 30-item scale developed by Hall, Mack, Paivio, and Hausenblas in 1998, including 5 sub-dimensions. Each item included in the scale is scored between 1 and 7 by the athletes. Although the highest score that can be obtained is 210, high scores indicate an increase in visualization skills. | 4 months, September 2022 - December 2022 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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esport, physical activity, mental toughness, mental imaginery