Impacting the Disposal of Unused Opioid

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this study is to compare the rates of proper opioid disposal in patients receiving an educational brochure compared to an automated text message delivered directly to patients' cell phones alongside the brochure, compared to no education on the subject.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Opioids are used to treat acute pain after surgery, but can lead to misuse and abuse. Very few patients properly dispose of unused opioids and the majority of opioids are stored in the home in unlocked containers as opposed to being properly disposed of. Improper disposal of opioid medications is a concern due to the potential for nonmedical use and has the potential to cause injury or death for patients and their family members that can access the medications. The purpose of this study is to compare the rates of proper opioid disposal in patients receiving an educational brochure compared to an automated text message delivered directly to patients' cell phones alongside the brochure, compared to no education on the subject. There is evidence that an educational brochure significantly increases proper disposal rates, albeit only to about 25%. The goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of an educational pamphlet on proper opioid disposal in the total joint arthoplasty population, and to see if the addition of a text messaging system can increase further increase proper disposal rates.

Official Title
-----------------
Impacting the Disposal of Unused Opioid Analgesics Through Education in the Orthopaedic Population: A Randomized Control Trial

Conditions
-----------------
Opioid Use and Disposal

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Pamphlet education
* Other: Pamphlet education + texts


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Any patient undergoing primary total hip or knee arthroplasty Age ≥18 years old Exclusion Criteria: Patients allergic to oxycodone Patients consuming opioids during the 4 weeks prior to surgery Patients with a history of opioid dependence Patients undergoing revision total knee or hip arthroplasty Non-English speaking patients Age <18 years old

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: No Education<br>Patients in this arm receive no education regarding how to dispose of their opiate medication | |
| Experimental: Pamphlet education<br>Patients receive an educational pamphlet only, to be given at the preoperative teaching class, prior to their standard 3-week postoperative clinic appointment, and prior to their standard 6-week postoperative clinic appointment. | Other: Pamphlet education<br>* Patients receive an educational intervention explaining proper opioid disposal<br>|
| Experimental: Pamphlet education + texts<br>Patients receive an educational pamphlet, to be given at the preoperative teaching class, prior to their standard 3-week postoperative clinic appointment, and prior to their standard 6-week postoperative clinic appointment. In addition, 3 automated text messages sent at those same time points. | Other: Pamphlet education + texts<br>* Patients receive an educational intervention and text message explaining proper opioid disposal<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Disposal rates | The rate of an arm's disposal is calculated by comparing the number that properly disposed of their excess medication to the number that did not | 6 weeks after surgery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Continued taking opiate rate | We will also look at whether the education affects the number of patients that continue taking opiates | 6 weeks after surgery |