Multicomponent Exercise in People With Dementia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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People with dementia shows a decline in cognition, such as memory, executive function (EF), language, attention, and spatial orientation that is significant enough to interfere with the independence and daily functioning. Previous studies reported that multicomponent exercise improved EF in people with mild cognitive impairment and independence of ADL in those with Alzheimer's disease. However, few studies investigated whether multicomponent exercise improved EF, memory, and ADL in people with dementia. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to examine 1) the effect of multicomponent exercise on EF, memory, and ADL in people with mild to moderate dementia; 2) the correlation between change in EF and ADL; 3) the correlation between change in memory and ADL.

Official Title
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Effect of Multicomponent Exercise on Cognitive Function and Activities of Daily Living in People With Dementia

Conditions
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Dementia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Multicomponent exercise
* Other: Video home exercise group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age: 60-80 y/o Mini-Mental State Examination: 10-26 Clinical Dementia Rating: 1-2 Walk at least 6 meters independently (with or without walking aids) Exclusion Criteria: Any other diagnosis of neurological diseases or musculoskeletal problems (Except dementia) Physical or psychological comorbidities that affect performance during assessment or intervention Already participating in other physical training in the last 1 month

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 60 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Multicomponent exercise group<br> | Other: Multicomponent exercise<br>* The intervention is a 60-minute session, 3 times/week, totaling 9 weeks. Multicomponent exercise included strengthening, balance training, aerobic dance, and stretching<br>|
| Active Comparator: Video home exercise group<br> | Other: Video home exercise group<br>* The intervention is a 60-minute session, 3 times/week, totaling 9 weeks. Video home exercise included four limbs mobility exercise, stretching, strengthening, and aerobic exercise<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mini-Mental State Examination | It is a 30-point questionnaire that is used extensively in clinical and research settings to measure cognitive impairment. Higher scores mean a better outcome. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Chinese version of Verbal learning test | It is a 9-point measurement to evaluate memory. Higher scores mean a better outcome. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Chinese version of Stroop color and word test | It is a measurement to evaluate inhibition control. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Digit span test | It is a measurement to evaluate working memory. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Trail making test - Chinese version | It is a measurement to evaluate cognitive flexibility. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Barthel index | It is a 100-point ordinal scale used to measure performance in activities of daily living. Higher scores mean a better outcome. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale | It is a 24-point ordinal scale used to measure performance in instrumental activities of daily living. Higher scores mean a better outcome. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Chinese version of Quality of Life in Alzheimer Disease Scale | It is a measurement to evaluate quality of life. The scale scores range from 13 to 52, with higher scores indicating greater quality of life. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Time up and go test | It is a test to evaluate functional mobility. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| 30-second chair stand test | It is a test to evaluate muscle strength. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| 6-minute walk test | It is a test to evaluate endurance. | Change from baseline at 9 week | 
| Berg Balance Scale | It is a tool to evaluate balance. It is a 14 item list with each item consisting of a five-point ordinal scale ranging from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating the lowest level of function and 4 the highest level of function. | Change from baseline at 9 week |