Different Anesthesia Maintain Protocol Effect the Outcome of the Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This prospective open-label randomized study, patients were having elective urological surgery scheduled to last longer than 1 h under necessitating general anesthesia.Group-P: (Propofol group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation. Group-PAS: (Propofol and after 20 min adding Sevoflurane group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol were pumped continuously and add 1% end-tidal sevoflurane 20 minutes after endotracheal intubation. Group-PS: (Propofol and Sevoflurane group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol were continuously pumped after endotracheal intubation, and 1% sevoflurane was inhaled continuously at the same time. Group-S: (Sevoflurane group): 1% sevoflurane continued to maintain anesthesia after endotracheal intubation. Group-PSu: (Propofol and Sufentanil group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol, 0.01 μ g kg-1 min-1 sufentanil were pumped continuously at maintain phase

Detailed Description
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Group-P: (Propofol group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation. Group-PAS: (Propofol and after 20 min adding Sevoflurane group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol were pumped continuously and add 1% end-tidal sevoflurane 20 minutes after endotracheal intubation. Group-PS: (Propofol and Sevoflurane group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol were continuously pumped after endotracheal intubation, and 1% sevoflurane was inhaled continuously at the same time. Group-S: (Sevoflurane group): 1% sevoflurane continued to maintain anesthesia after endotracheal intubation. Group-PSu: (Propofol and Sufentanil group): 3 mg kg-1 min-1 propofol, 0.01 μ g kg-1 min-1 sufentanil were pumped continuously at maintain phase. Due to the ethical requirements of adequent analgesia, 0.3 μ g kg-1 min-1 remifentanil was continuously pumped as background input dose during anesthesia maintenance in all groups.

Official Title
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Different Anesthesia Maintain Protocol Effect the Outcome of the Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia for Urinary Surgery

Conditions
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Urinary Surgery, General Anesthesia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Propofol
* Drug: 1% Sevoflurane
* Drug: 1% Sevoflurane continue
* Drug: Sufentanil
* Drug: 2% Sevoflurane
* Drug: Propofol half


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: the aged 18-65 yr, ASA physical status I, II or III patients having elective urological surgery operation scheduled to last longer than 1 h under necessitating general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: refused to participate in the study; were not able to communicate due to alterations in the level of consciousness, - a history of allergy to opioids contraindications inhalational anaesthesia family history of malignant hyperthermia alcohol or drug abuse received central nervous system-active drugs; body mass index ≥40 kg/m2 represent conditions liable to alter the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behaviors of the intravenous and inhalation anesthetics previous head injury, neurologic or psychiatric disease any disabling central nervous cerebrovascular disease current use of psychoactive or anti-convulsive medications unstable angina manifest congestive heart failure airway management was expected to be difficult

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Group-P<br>Group-P: (Propofol group): 5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation. | Drug: Propofol<br>* 5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation.<br>|
| Experimental: Group-PAS<br>Group-PAS: (Propofol and after 20 min adding Sevoflurane group): 2.5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol were pumped continuously and add 1% end-tidal sevoflurane 20 minutes after endotracheal intubation. | Drug: 1% Sevoflurane<br>* add 1% end-tidal sevoflurane 20 minutes after endotracheal intubation.<br>Drug: Propofol half<br>* 2.5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation.<br>* Other names: 2.5% Propofol;|
| Experimental: Group-PS<br>Group-PS: (Propofol and Sevoflurane group): 2.5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol were continuously pumped after endotracheal intubation, and 1% sevoflurane was inhaled continuously at the same time. | Drug: 1% Sevoflurane continue<br>* 1% sevoflurane continued to maintain anesthesia after endotracheal intubation.<br>* Other names: 1% Sevoflurane;Drug: Propofol half<br>* 2.5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation.<br>* Other names: 2.5% Propofol;|
| Experimental: Group-S<br>Group-S: (Sevoflurane group): 2% sevoflurane continued to maintain anesthesia after endotracheal intubation. | Drug: 2% Sevoflurane<br>* 2% sevoflurane continued to maintain anesthesia after endotracheal intubation.<br>* Other names: 2% Sevoflurane continue;|
| Experimental: Group-PSu<br>Group-PSu: (Propofol and Sufentanil group): 5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol, 0.01 μ g kg-1 min-1 sufentanil were pumped continuously at maintain phase | Drug: Propofol<br>* 5 mg kg-1 h-1 propofol was pumped continuously after endotracheal intubation.<br>Drug: Sufentanil<br>* 0.01 μ g kg-1 min-1 sufentanil were pumped continuously at maintain phase<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Extubation Duration(ED) | the extubation Duration (ED) was calculated as the time from the end of anesthesia to extubation of the LMA | Up to 24 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Length of PACU | Length of PACU (Post-anesthesia care unit): From entering the PACU to discharge from the PACU | Up to 24 hours | 
| qNOX | Noceciption index,The qNOX of depth of analgesia also ranges from 99 to 0, and usually it is controlled to be within 40-60 during the operative period, with qNOX > 80 indicating an insufficient use of analgesic agents and qNOX < 10 indicating excessive analgesic effects. | From entering the operation room until the discharge from the operation room, assessed up to 12 hours | 
| Bis | Bispectral index,Bis 50-80 means appropriate Sedation depth | From entering the operation room until the discharge from the operation room, assessed up to 12 hours | 
| Blood pressure | measuring Systolic, Diastolic and Mean Blood Pressure | From entering the operation room until the discharge from the operation room, assessed up to 12 hours | 
| The heart rate | The heart rate | From entering the operation room until the discharge from the operation room, assessed up to 12 hours |