Comparative Effects of Mild and Moderate Aerobic Exercises on BP, VO2 and HR in Hypertensive Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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World Health Organization, when systolic blood pressure is equal to or above 130 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure equal to or above 85 mm Hg , the blood pressure is considered to be raised or high is called hypertension. Most people with hypertension have no symptoms at all; this is why it is known as the silent killer. More than 1 in 5 adults worldwide had raised blood pressure. There has been studies on strength exercise, severe aerobic exercise and other types of exercises and on their effects on blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation in other patient populations and on healthy individuals as well, but in the patients with hypertension no comparison has been made between mild and moderate aerobic exercise (tread mill) yet, stating which one is effective. Secondly, already present studies have shown long term effects mostly, not the comparative effects of mild and moderate exercises on blood pressure heart rate and oxygen saturation of patients with hypertension. These techniques are inexpensive, easy to perform and contain no known harmful effect. Hence, current study will undertake this task of finding out what are the comparative effects of mild and moderate aerobic on the BP, heart rate and oxygen saturation and secondly which technique is more effective. Study design will Randomized clinical trial with non-probability convenient sampling. It will be single blinded study with blinding of assessor. Sample size was calculated from Epitools website and will be 28. There will be two groups which will be randomly assigned 14 people using lottery method. Data will be collected from community dwelling areas of Lahore Patients with hypertension with Systolic Blood Pressure 130 - 159 mmHg and Diastolic Blood Pressure 85 - 99 mmHg (pre hypertensive and stage 1), 30 to 50 years of age, patients who have taken any antihypertensive medicine in more than 6 hours and both males and females will be recruited. Tools will be aneroid sphygmomanometer for measuring blood pressure and pulse oximeter for measuring oxygen saturation and heart rate and Post interventional BP, heart rate readings and oxygen saturation will be taken for both groups on the same day. Post intervention blood pressure, Heart rate and oxygen saturation will be taken after 5 minutes.

Detailed Description
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World Health Organization, when systolic blood pressure is equal to or above 130 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure equal to or above 85 mm Hg , the blood pressure is considered to be raised or high is called hypertension. Most people with hypertension have no symptoms at all; this is why it is known as the silent killer. More than 1 in 5 adults worldwide had raised blood pressure. There has been studies on strength exercise, severe aerobic exercise and other types of exercises and on their effects on blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation in other patient populations and on healthy individuals as well, but in the patients with hypertension no comparison has been made between mild and moderate aerobic exercise (tread mill) yet, stating which one is effective. Secondly, already present studies have shown long term effects mostly, not the comparative effects of mild and moderate exercises on blood pressure heart rate and oxygen saturation of patients with hypertension. These techniques are inexpensive, easy to perform and contain no known harmful effect. Hence, current study will undertake this task of finding out what are the comparative effects of mild and moderate aerobic on the BP, heart rate and oxygen saturation and secondly which technique is more effective. Study design will Randomized clinical trial with non-probability convenient sampling. It will be single blinded study with blinding of assessor. Sample size was calculated from Epitools website and will be 28. There will be two groups which will be randomly assigned 14 people using lottery method. Data will be collected from community dwelling areas of Lahore Patients with hypertension with Systolic Blood Pressure 130 - 159 mmHg and Diastolic Blood Pressure 85 - 99 mmHg (pre hypertensive and stage 1), 30 to 50 years of age, patients who have taken any antihypertensive medicine in more than 6 hours and both males and females will be recruited. Tools will be aneroid sphygmomanometer for measuring blood pressure and pulse oximeter for measuring oxygen saturation and heart rate and Post interventional BP, heart rate readings and oxygen saturation will be taken for both groups on the same day. Post intervention blood pressure, Heart rate and oxygen saturation will be taken after 5 minutes. Key words: HTN hypertension, HR heart rate, BP blood pressure, vo2max maximum oxygen uptake in unit of time.

Official Title
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Comparative Effects of Mild and Moderate Aerobic Exercises on Blood Pressure, Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate in Hypertensive Patients

Conditions
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Hypertension

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: mild aerobic exercise
* Other: moderate aerobic exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age: 40 to 55 Gender: male and female Chronic hypertensive stable patients (130 - 159mmHg / 85 - 99mmHg) (3) History of hypertension from last 1 year(14) Taking anti-hypertensive medicines (ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, ACE receptor inhibitors, beta blockers) more than 6 hours ago Exclusion Criteria: History of ischemia History of stroke Chronic obstructive and restrictive disease Hypo and hypernatremia Joint disease patients Lower limb fracture Chronic atrial fibrillation Change in drug therapy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 30 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: two groups group A is assign mild aerobic group b is assign moderate aerobic
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: mild aerobic exercise<br>group A was given mild aerobic exercise on treadmill with warm up exercise | Other: mild aerobic exercise<br>* mild aerobic exercise given to group A on treadmill<br>* Other names: aerobic;|
| Experimental: moderate aerobic exercise<br>group B was moderate aerobic on treadmill with warm up exercise | Other: moderate aerobic exercise<br>* moderate aerobic exercise given to group B on treadmill<br>* Other names: aerobic;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| blood pressure | measuring blood pressure by Manual Sphygmomanometer BP apparatus: is the instrument which is used to measure blood pressure if systolic blood pressure is greater than 120 mmHg and diastolic is higher than 90 mmHg is considered hypertensive. Cuff is apply on dominant hand inflate the cuff if sound is appear that is systolic if sound is not hear that is diastolic blood pressure in mmHg. | 6 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| oxygen saturation | measuring oxygen saturation by Pulse oximetry: is the instrument which measure the oxygen saturation and heart rate. Blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO2): The measurement that indicates what percentage of blood is saturated. Normal pulse oximeter readings usually range from 95 to 100 percent. While anything less than 95% indicates underlying medical conditions that need to be evaluated immediately. Pulse Rate / heart rate: Pulse rate is nothing but the heart rate that indicates the number of times a heart beats per minute I.e. 72b/m. | 6 weeks | 
| heart rate | measuring heart rate by Pulse oximetry: is the instrument which measure the oxygen saturation and heart rate. Blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO2): The measurement that indicates what percentage of blood is saturated. Normal pulse oximeter readings usually range from 95 to 100 percent. While anything less than 95% indicates underlying medical conditions that need to be evaluated immediately. Pulse Rate / heart rate: Pulse rate is nothing but the heart rate that indicates the number of times a heart beats per minute I.e. 72b/m. | 6 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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HTN hypertension