Promoting Informed Choice for Breast Cancer Screening

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Identify the prevalence and predictors of reactance, self-exemption, disbelief, source derogation in reaction to evidence about mammography benefits and harms, and consequences for decision-making and trust.

Detailed Description
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In this study, the goal is to identify the prevalence and predictors of reactance, self-exemption, disbelief, and source derogation in reaction to evidence about mammography benefits and harms, and consequences for decision-making and trust. Research has not yet systematically identified the proportion of women who respond negatively (vs. positively) to evidence about the benefits and harms of mammography screening, or attempted to explain these responses by examining theory-driven predictors. The Investigator will develop and conduct a probability-based nationally representative survey in which mammography evidence is communicated using current best practices in risk communication. The Investigators will identify theory-driven predictors of negative and positive responses to that evidence, and identify consequences of these responses for screening decision-making and trust.

Official Title
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Understanding Affective Processing of Scientific Evidence to Promote Informed Choice for Breast Cancer Screening

Conditions
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Breast Cancer

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Survey


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Female Between 39-49 years of age No history of breast cancer No known BRCA 1/2 mutation Exclusion Criteria: Non-English or Spanish Speaking Persons unable to provide informed consent (e.g. sever dementia or cognitive disability or illiterate History of breast cancer Known BRCA 1/2 mutation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 39 Years
Maximum Age: 49 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Women with negative reactions to mammography evidence<br>Recruit up to 40 women from the Ipsos survey who agreed to be contact for a follow-up phone interview. The Investigator will specifically recruit women who expressed negative reactions to mammography evidence, so the team may assess how to improve the mammography decision aid using insights from those who were negatively affected. | Behavioral: Survey<br>* Identify the prevalence and predictors of negative and positive reactions to evidence about mammography benefits and harms, and consequences for decision-making and trust.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Reactance | In response to mammography evidence, feeling that the information is manipulative or biased. 4 questions total, each on a 7 point Likert scale, with mean scores that range from 1 to 7. Higher mean scores reflect greater reactance. | 24 hours | 
| Disbelief | In response to mammography evidence, feeling that the evidence is not accurate or believable. 4 questions total, each on a 7 point Likert scale, with mean scores that range from 1 to 7. Higher mean score reflects more disbelief in the information. | 24 hours | 
| Source derogation | In response to mammography evidence, feeling that the source of the evidence is not trustworthy or competent. 4 questions total, each on a 7 point Likert scale, with mean scores that range from 1 to 7. Higher mean score reflects more source derogation. | 24 hours | 
| Self exemption | Feeling that mammography evidence is not relevant to oneself.34 questions total, each on a 7 point Likert scale, with mean scores that range from 1 to 7. Higher mean scores indicate greater belief that the information is not self relevant. | 24 hours | 
| Screening Intentions | Intentions to engage in mammography screening. Options will include: 1. I am planning to start/continue having regular mammograms this year. 2. I am planning to wait until I'm older but before age 50 to have my first/next mammogram. 3. I am planning to wait until I am 50 to have my first/next mammogram. 4. I am not planning to have a mammogram in the future at any age | 24 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Medical mistrust scale (Eaton et al., 2015) | 6 question scale that assesses mistrust in healthcare providers. Calculated as mean trust (range 1-low trust to 5-high trust). Assessed both pre and post receipt of screening decision aid to evaluate change | 24 hours | 
| Mammography screening knowledge (adapted from Hersch et al., 2015) | 10 items that assess knowledge about mammography benefits and harms such as overdiagnosis; calculated as proportion out of 10 correct. Higher scores reflect greater knowledge; assessed both pre vs. post receipt of screening decision aid | 24 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Breast Cancer Screening