Shoulder Muscle Massage Shoulder Stiffness

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators investigated the effect and predictors of effectiveness of massage in the treatment of patients with posterior shoulder stiffness. This is a randomized controlled trial study- massage and control (hand touch) two times a week for 4 weeks. A total of 60 patients with posterior shoulder tightness were randomized into 2 groups; 52 of them completed this study (29 for the massage and 23 for the control). Patient sex, age, body mass index, glenohumeral internal rotation range of motion (ROM), duration of symptom, functional status, and muscle stiffness were recorded. Additionally, for the massage group, patients with glenohumeral internal rotation improvement of 20 degrees after massage were considered responsive, and the others were considered nonresponsive. The influences of the aftermentioned factors on the effectiveness of massage were analyzed by multivariate logistric regression. The overall mean internal rotation ROM increased significantly after massage (from 31.9° to 54.9°; P < 0.001) compared to the control (from 28.7° to 34.9°; P > 0.05). There were 22 patients in the responsive group and 7 in the nonresponsive group. Among the factors, duration of symptoms, FLEX-SF score, and posterior deltoid stiffness were significant predictors of effectiveness of massage. Massage was an effective treatment for subjects with posterior shoulder stiffness, but was less effective in patients with longer duration of symptoms, higher functional limitation, and less posterior deltoid stiffness.

Official Title
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Effects and Predictors of Effectiveness of Shoulder Muscle Massage for Patients With Posterior Shoulder Stiffness

Conditions
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Massage Effect

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: massage


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: a limited ROM of internal rotation (internal rotation ROM < 20% to the sound side), and pain and stiffness in the shoulder region for at least 3 months. Exclusion Criteria: surgery on the particular shoulder, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke with residual shoulder involvement, fracture of the shoulder complex, rotator cuff deficiency, and resting pain, intolerable pain, or muscle spasm during active and/or passive motion.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: posterior shoulder stiffness massage group<br>The inclusion criteria of patients with glenohumeral internal rotation limitation and posterior shoulder stiffness were: [1] limitation of internal rotation ROM compared to the sound side; [2] mild glenohumeral joint hypomobility according to joint play assessment; [3] stiffness in the posterior shoulder region. | Other: massage<br>* For the massage group, a physical therapist with 8 years of clinical experience in manual therapy provided the massage on the posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres minor of the involved shoulder for 18 minutes [about 6 minutes for each muscle and order was random] two times a week for 4 weeks. The techniques of massage included petrissage for 3 minutes and rolling for 3 minutes of soft tissues<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: posterior shoulder stiffness placebo group<br> | Other: massage<br>* For the massage group, a physical therapist with 8 years of clinical experience in manual therapy provided the massage on the posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres minor of the involved shoulder for 18 minutes [about 6 minutes for each muscle and order was random] two times a week for 4 weeks. The techniques of massage included petrissage for 3 minutes and rolling for 3 minutes of soft tissues<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Range of Motion |  | pre and post-massage | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| muscle stiffness |  | pre and post-massage | 
| functional disability |  | pre and post-massage | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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stiff shoulder, massage, muscle stiffness