Gastric Layering Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This comparative study is designed to compare the gastric layering and rates of emptying and by inference rates of digestion of two food emulsions. Two types of dairy based foods will be used, one which will sediment in the stomach and one that will not. On each of two study days, a total of 9 post drink MRI scans will be taken to assess gastric layering and emptying. Cannulation will allow blood samples to be taken periodically for subsequent analysis for the presence of specific digestion related hormones. A total volume of 36 ml of blood will be removed and volunteers will also be asked to complete a questionnaire at predetermined times to assess feelings of satiation.

Official Title
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A Study on the Effect of Gastric Layering and Emptying Induced by a Food Emulsion

Conditions
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Healthy Volunteers

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: sedimenting meal


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male (hormonal status of women would introduce more variation within small group) Age 20-50y BMI 19-30 Apparently healthy Normally eat lunch Willing to eat the finely grated cheese meal Provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Individuals with an intolerance or allergy to any of the constituents of the test meal Smokers or smoked within the last year (smoking affects satiety/hunger) Diagnosed with any long term illness requiring active treatment e.g. diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease Have had surgery on the stomach or intestine or suffered from gastrointestinal disease, whether diagnosed or self reported Regular (more than once in 10 days) use of antacids, laxatives Any problems with swallowing Take prescription medication for digestive or gastrointestinal conditions. Volunteers taking part in another study (other than a questionnaire based study). Blood pressure greater than 160/100 or less than 90/50 or 95/55 if symptomatic. Individuals with special dietary requirements (eg vegetarians) If attended a study during the previous four months where combined blood sampling from previous study and present study would exceed 470mL. If any of the clinical screening results are indicative of a health problem which would affect the volunteers well-being or which would affect the study data. Refusal to give permission to inform GP of participation in study Recent unexplained weight gain or loss History of back problems or any other condition which limit ability to repeatedly sit up and lie down Hiatus Hernia MRI scanning specific exclusion criteria Cardiac pacemaker or artificial heart valve Any surgery in the last 6 months Aneurysm clips (metal clips from surgery) Implant, pump or any medical device in the body (eg cochlear implant, neurostimulator, intra-venticular shunt) Worked with metals (using lathes or grinders) or sustained injury to eyes involving metal splinters or fillings Have artificial eyes or limbs Have been injured with shrapnel or bullets Suffer from fits, blackouts or epilepsy Claustrophobia sufferer

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: sedimenting meal<br>To assess whether rates of gastric emptying of a specifically formulated emulsion drink are significantly different from a control drink and that this in turn leads to differences in satiation (cessation in the desire to eat) and satiety (desire to limit further food intake) as measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) satiety questionnaire and blood CCK. | Other: sedimenting meal<br>* The active system quickly forms a sedimenting layer of small particles that contain most of the caloric content of the system. This system is made by adding finely grated cheese (particle size 0.5-2 mm) to yoghurt and consumption is followed by drinking 327 ml water.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gastric emptying rates | The primary objective is to measure gastric emptying rates and layering patterns as a function of time in healthy volunteers using two different meals, one which sediments gastric digestion and one in which it does not. | 3 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fullness and satiety from visual analogue scores | To correlate gastric emptying rates with satiety responses after the meal | 3.5 hours | 
| levels of CCK in the blood | To correlate gastric emptying rates with levels of the GI hormone CCK in blood | 3.5 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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emulsion, emptying, protein, layering