Diuretic Tuner Clinical Decision Support

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a mobile phone application in helping to control body swelling in patients with kidney problems. The application will help in the day to day adjustments in diuretic medication dosing. Participants in this study will have an application loaded on to their mobile phone by the study team and be taught how to use it over a 2 hour visit. Participants will need to check their blood pressure and weight daily and enter this information into the mobile phone application every day. Participants will need to follow daily instructions in their medication dosing provided by the application. There will be periodic blood testing. This will happen at 2 weeks, 90 days, and up to 4 other times if necessary. At the end of the study there is a 2 hour study visit during which participants will answer a survey. The total length of the study is 90 days.

Detailed Description
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Study Population: 30 subjects with signs of hypervolemia and either nephrotic syndrome or chronic kidney disease 4 to 5. Study Intervention: This is a nonrandomized, uncontrolled trial. The Diuretic Tuner mobile device application will be deployed in the care of hypervolemic subjects as defined in the study population. The Diuretic Tuner will integrate each subject's estimated dry weight and starting diuretic dose (both defined by healthcare provider) with daily weights and blood pressures to provide individualized guidance to the subject in day-to-day adjustments to his or her diuretic regimen. In addition, the application will generate a diary of daily weights, blood pressures, fluid intake, and medication compliance. There will be no control arm as this first phase is to test feasibility/safety. Study Outcome Measures: The primary outcomes of interest will focus on the achievement of the provider-defined estimated dry weight (both the time to achieving this target as well as the subsequent stability in weights around this target). Secondary outcomes of interest include safety metrics (3-month hospitalization rates, rates of hypokalemia, and rates of acute kidney injury) and tool usability (assessed through surveys evaluating ease of comprehension and satisfaction).

Official Title
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Diuretic Tuner Clinical Decision Support Mobile Device Application for Diuretic Titration in Hypervolemic States

Conditions
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Edema, Hypervolemia, Chronic Kidney Diseases, Nephrotic Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Diuretic Tuner


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: The presence of nephrotic range proteinuria (> 3 g/d proteinuria by 24hr urine protein, 24hr urine albumin, spot urine protein/creatinine ratio, or spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio) or stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation) PLUS Clinical signs of hypervolemia present (lower extremity edema, ascites, or pleural effusions) with an estimated dry weight (defined as edema-free weight without orthostatic hypotension) 5 lbs less than enrollment body weight Exclusion Criteria: Weight < 100 lbs or > 300 lbs. Autonomic insufficiency resulting in orthostatic hypotension at screening Hypokalemia at enrollment (defined as serum potassium < 3.5 mmol/L) Moderate to severe hyponatremia at enrollment (defined as serum sodium < 130 mmol/L) Serum creatinine > 6 mg/dL or > 1.5 times baseline Patients who are unable or unwilling to measure their home blood pressures and weights Patients without a working phone number and smart phone device Expectation that the patient will require dialysis initiation within < 3 months Expected lifespan of < 6 months The presence of a medical condition that would interfere with effectively using the Diuretic Tuner (dementia, illiteracy, or blindness) Pregnant patients Prisoners

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Diuretic Tuner users<br>The Diuretic Tuner is a mobile device application that integrates a patient's estimated dry weight and starting diuretic dose (both defined by a healthcare provider) with daily weights and blood pressures to provide individualized guidance to the patient in day-to-day adjustments to his or her diuretic regimen. In addition, the application generates a diary of daily weights, blood pressures, fluid intake, and medication compliance. | Device: Diuretic Tuner<br>* Mobile device application for diuretic dose titration<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mean time to the attainment of dry weight | Mean time in days to the attainment of the provider-specified estimated dry weight | 90 days | 
| 90 day weight variability | 90 day weight variability around the target dry weight, as assessed by standard deviation | 90 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Composite rate of hospitalization, hypokalemia, or acute renal insufficiency | 90 day adverse event rate for the composite outcome including hospitalization for volume-related complications (hypervolemia, hypovolemia, or electrolyte disturbance), hypokalemia (serum potassium < 3.5 mmol/L), or acute renal insufficiency (serum creatinine ≥ 2 times baseline or > 6 mg/dL) | 90 days | 
| Diuretic Tuner usability assessed by user survey | Diuretic tuner usability (measured by Likert scale survey administered to each subject at the end of 90 days) | 90 days |