SLMAP and EPO Genetic Polymorphism in Diabetic Retinopathy

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A case-control study to assess the association between the risk of diabetic retinopathy in Egyptians and genetic polymorphism of both EPO and SLMAP genes.

Detailed Description
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Traditional environmental risk factors, such as glycemic control and duration of diabetes, failed to fully explain why some individuals remain protected while others progress to severe diabetic retinopathy. Several studies suggest variations in diabetic retinopathy prevalence depending on racial background and genetic polymorphism.

Official Title
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Evaluation of the Relationship Between SLMAP and EPO Genetic Polymorphism and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Egyptian Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study

Conditions
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Diabetic Retinopathy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Genetic: SLMAP and EPO genetic polymorphism


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age >30-60 Type 2 DM Duration of diabetes from 5-10 years Egyptian patients Exclusion Criteria: Other ophthalmic diseases not related to diabetes

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 30 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| cases<br>diabetic patients suffering from clinically confirmed diabetic retinopathy | Genetic: SLMAP and EPO genetic polymorphism<br>* Presence of EPO gene SNP rs551238 and SLMAP rs17058639 gene polymorphisms<br>|
| controls<br>matched (based on gender and duration of diabetes) diabetic patients free from diabetic retinopathy will be recruited. | Genetic: SLMAP and EPO genetic polymorphism<br>* Presence of EPO gene SNP rs551238 and SLMAP rs17058639 gene polymorphisms<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Association of SLMAP gene polymorphism and the risk of confirmed diabetic retinopathy diagnosis | the odds ratio of being diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in those with SLMAP rs17058639 single nucleotide polymorphism compared to wild type | At baseline (upon confirmed diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy) | 
| Association of EPO gene polymorphism and the risk of confirmed diabetic retinopathy diagnosis | The odds ratio of being diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in those with EPO rs551238 single nucleotide polymorphism compared to wild type | At baseline (upon confirmed diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The association of confounding factors on the incidence of diabetic retinopathy | A multiple logistic regression model will be fitted to assess the association of diabetic retinopathy to confounders (microalbuminuria, lipid profile, age, gender,...etc.) | At baseline |