Volumetric Three-dimensional Analysis of the Pediatric Upper Airway Shape Using Computed Tomography Imaging.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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CT and MRI based measurements of the pediatric airway has changed the age-old cone shape concept of the pediatric airway and define airway shape as elliptical structure. The cone shape was based on the cadaveric measurements done by Bayeux in 1897 and described later by Eckenhoff in 1951. The present study is based on three-dimensional CT images of the airway column replicating the cylinders used by Bayeux for his cadaveric measurements. The purpose of this study was to determine the cone shape of the pediatric airway.

Detailed Description
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This is a retrospective review of three-dimensional CT air column images of 60 children aged 1 month to 8 years undergoing radiological evaluation unrelated to airways symptomatology. The CT scans will be evaluated in children either sleeping naturally or sedated throughout the study period. Volumetric analysis of the air-column was done at the level of cricoid, subglottis and trachea Exclusion Criteria: Patients with a tracheostomy or endotracheal tube in place, tracheo-esophageal fistula, pulmonary collapse or atelectasis, mediastinal mass, diaphragmatic hernia, extrapulmonary and intrathoracic mass, preterm infants, and patients with genetic syndromes and primary lung diseases. Patients with poor image quality were also excluded from the study.

Official Title
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Volumetric Three-dimensional Analysis of the Pediatric Upper Airway Shape Using Computed Tomography Imaging.

Conditions
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Airway Management

Intervention / Treatment
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* Radiation: CT Scan


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children aged 1 month to 96 months Exclusion Criteria: Patients with a tracheostomy or endotracheal tube in place, tracheo-esophageal fistula, pulmonary collapse or atelectasis, mediastinal mass, diaphragmatic hernia, extrapulmonary and intrathoracic mass, preterm infants, and patients with genetic syndromes and primary lung diseases Patients with poor image quality were also excluded from the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 1 Month
Maximum Age: 96 Months

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Age groups<br>The cohort is divided into on the basis of age | Radiation: CT Scan<br>* CT imaging<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Shape of the pediatric Airway | The purpose of this study was to determine the shape of pediatric airway from subglottis to the trachea using 3D dimensional CT air column images. The shape of the airway was calculated on the basis of the volumes of airway column at the level of subglottis, cricoid and trachea | 12 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Pediatric Airway, Three-dimensional Imaging, CT Scan