SubsTRate OxidatioN in Girls

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will examine race differences in total energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) during and after exercise, compared to a sedentary control condition, in adolescent girls who are classified as overweight. In addition, subjective appetite and objective energy intake will be measured throughout the assessment periods.

Detailed Description
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Aim 1: Measure 24-hour energy expenditure and its components (resting, activity, and sleep energy expenditure) and compare differences between African-American and White girls. Hypothesis: Total, resting, and sleep energy expenditure will be lower in African-American relative to White girls. Activity energy expenditure will be equivalent per the study design. Aim 2: Measure and compare substrate oxidation and associations with appetite (i.e., hunger, desire to eat) and energy intake between African-American and White girls. Hypothesis: African-American girls will have a higher RQ at rest, during exercise, and following exercise, and RQ will be positively associated with subjective appetite ratings and energy intake.

Official Title
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Race Differences in 24-hour Energy Expenditure, Substrate Oxidation, and Appetite in Adolescent Girls

Conditions
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Overweight Adolescents

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Acute exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Female Age 13-17 years, inclusive Achieved menarche based on parent- and/or self-report Overweight based on BMI percentile for age and sex (≥ 85th and < 95th) Self-identification as non-Hispanic White or African-American Willing to maintain current physical activity, sleep schedule, and dietary habits during the study Willing to comply with study procedures Exclusion Criteria: Contraindications to exercise testing as defined by the American College of Sports Medicine (i.e., medical history of cardiovascular, pulmonary, or physical conditions that affect the ability to exercise) Food allergies Dietary restrictions Unwilling to consume study foods History of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Current amenorrhea or other menstrual cycle irregularities Pregnant or currently breastfeeding Current anemia Use of medications affecting metabolism or sleep Inability to properly or safely complete the study procedures per the investigators' discretion

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 17 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Within-subjects crossover design. The order of conditions is counterbalanced within each subgroup of participants.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Exercise<br>Participants will complete a prescribed exercise bout. | Other: Acute exercise<br>* Participants will complete a morning exercise bout at 70% of their individual maximal aerobic capacity to burn 200 kilocalories above their basal metabolic rate.<br>|
| No Intervention: Sedentary<br>Participants will rest quietly in a seated position for the equivalent amount of time prescribed for the exercise condition. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Exercise Day Energy expenditure | Total energy expenditure and its components (sleeping, wake [non-exercise], activity) as measured by the metabolic chamber | 24 hours on Exercise Day | 
| Sedentary Day Energy expenditure | Total energy expenditure and its components (sleeping, wake [non-exercise], activity) as measured by the metabolic chamber | 24 hours on Sedentary Day | 
| Exercise Day Substrate oxidation | Non-protein respiratory quotient (i.e., carbohydrate and fat utilization) as measured by the metabolic chamber | 24 hours on Exercise Day | 
| Sedentary Day Substrate oxidation | Non-protein respiratory quotient (i.e., carbohydrate and fat utilization) as measured by the metabolic chamber | 24 hours on Sedentary Day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Exercise Day Appetite | Overall subjective appetite and its components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective food consumption, satisfaction, food wanting) assessed by visual analog scales (0-100 mm) during the metabolic chamber assessments | 24 hours on Exercise Day | 
| Sedentary Day Appetite | Overall subjective appetite and its components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective food consumption, satisfaction, food wanting) assessed by visual analog scales (0-100 mm) during the metabolic chamber assessments | 24 hours on Sedentary Day | 
| Exercise Day Energy Intake | Objectively measured food intake during the metabolic chamber assessments will be converted to energy intake in kilocalories | 24 hours on Exercise Day | 
| Sedentary Day Energy Intake | Objectively measured food intake during the metabolic chamber assessments will be converted to energy intake in kilocalories | 24 hours on Sedentary Day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Energy expenditure, Substrate oxidation, Appetite, Exercise, Energy intake