The Effects of Exercise on Dietary Intake

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not energy and macronutrient intake changes when comparing habitually active and habitually sedentary college-aged males in two different sessions of one resting and one exercise.

Detailed Description
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Obesity is a consequence of positive energy balance, in which more energy is consumed than expended. It is hypothesized that regular amounts of physical activity may be important in helping individuals more accurately regulate energy balance. More research is needed to understand the impact of a physically active lifestyle on energy regulation capabilities Therefore, this study looks at sedentary college aged males compared to active college aged males when looking at two different sessions of energy expenditure, one exercise session and one resting session, and their energy and macronutrient intake after these sessions. The sessions will take place in the morning where each participant will exercise or rest and then be allowed to eat from a buffet ad libitum, where acute energy and macronutrient intake will be assessed. The following hypotheses are proposed: Individuals who regularly engage in physical activity will more accurately respond to an energy deficit caused by an acute period of physical activity by increasing intake at a subsequent meal. Individuals who do not regularly engage in physical activity (sedentary individuals) will be less sensitive to accurately regulate energy balance and will not respond to an energy deficit caused by a period of acute physical activity.

Official Title
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The Effects of Exercise on Energy Balance and Macronutrient Intake in College-aged Males

Conditions
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Inactive Lifestyle Males, Active Lifestyle Males

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Exercise Session
* Other: Rest Session


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI of 20-25 Percent body fat of 10-18% Exercises greater than or equal to 5 days/wk at 30 min/day or less than or equal to 1 day/week at 1 hour/day consistently for the past month Likes study foods Exclusion Criteria: Does not fit in exercise criteria Allergies or unwillingness eat study food, falls From survey qualifies as a conscious eater

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Active males<br>Males who participate in at least 30 minutes of physical activity on 5 or more days per week for the last month. | Other: Exercise Session<br>* This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The Exercise Session will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing 45 min bout of exercise on an exercise bike, followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.<br>Other: Rest Session<br>* This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The Rest Session will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing a 45 min period of reading followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Inactive males<br>Males who participate in less than 1 hour of physical activity per week for the last month. | Other: Exercise Session<br>* This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The Exercise Session will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing 45 min bout of exercise on an exercise bike, followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.<br>Other: Rest Session<br>* This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The Rest Session will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing a 45 min period of reading followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Energy Intake at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Energy Intake at the Meal (Rest Session) | Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Rest Session) | carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Rest Session) | Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 
| Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Rest Session) | Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Exercise, Sedentary, Energy Expenditure, Energy Balance, Macronutrient Intake, Energy and Macronutrient intake, Exercise and Energy Balance