Efficacy of Riluzole in Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The hereditary cerebellar ataxias include diverse neurodegenerative disorders. Hereditary ataxias can be divided into autosomal dominant ataxias (ADCAs), autosomal recessive ataxias (ARCAs), X-linked, and mitochondrial ataxias on the basis of mode of inheritance. The key feature in all these disorders is ataxia typically characterised by poor balance, hand incoordination, postural or kinetic tremor, dysarthria and dysphagia. To date no treatment has been shown to slow progression of the disease and symptomatic therapies are limited to few options that are partially effective. Purkinje cells project inhibitory signals to the deep cerebellar nuclei(DCN) which have a critical role in cerebellar function and motor performance. DCN neurons fire spontaneously in the absence of synaptic input from Purkinje neurons and modulation of the DCN response by Purkinje input is believed to be responsible for coordination of movement, while uncontrolled spontaneous firing of DCN neurons may underlay cerebellar ataxia. Recent studies have demonstrated that small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels inhibitor are able to increase DCN firing rate. Since SK channels are critical regulators of DCN firing rate, SK openers such as the drug riluzole may reduce neuronal hyperexcitability and thereby be useful in the therapy of cerebellar ataxia. On this base the investigators published a pilot study in patients with chronic cerebellar ataxia (Ristori et al., Neurology 2010) investigating safety and efficacy of riluzole or placebo administration for 8 weeks. The results demonstrated a significative improvement in International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) global score after four weeks and after 8 weeks in the riluzole arm. The present protocol is aimed at verifying the safety and efficacy of riluzole administration for a longer period, in a larger sample size of patients, with more stringent diagnostic criteria (hereditary cerebellar ataxia), respect to the above pilot study. Sixty patients will be enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. By central randomisation, patients will take 50 mg of riluzole or placebo twice daily for 12 months. Treatment effects will be assessed by comparing the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) before treatment and during therapy at months 3 and 12.

Official Title
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Efficacy of Riluzole in Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia: a Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial.

Conditions
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Cerebellar Ataxia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: riluzole
* Drug: Placebo comparator


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with genetically confirmed diagnosis of hereditary cerebellar ataxia Exclusion Criteria: Concomitant experimental therapy for ataxia Serious systemic illnesses Pregnancy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 14 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Riluzole<br>Riluzole 50 mg is administered orally every 12 hours for 12 months (a 2:1 ratio for SCA/FA in the stratified randomization procedure) | Drug: riluzole<br>* Study drug will be orally dispensed in doses of 50 mg twice daily for 12 months.<br>* Other names: Rilutek;|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo comparator<br>Placebo is administered orally every 12 hours for 12 months (a 2:1 ratio for SCA/FA in the stratified randomization procedure) | Drug: Placebo comparator<br>* Study drug will be orally dispensed in doses of 50 mg twice daily for 12 months.<br>* Other names: Placebo;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) | Improvement in ataxia | 12 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Baropodometric parameters |  | 12 months | 
| Quality of life | SF-36 | 12 months | 
| Depression | Beck Scale | 12 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Spinocerebellar ataxia, Friedreich ataxia