SLC13A5 Deficiency Natural History Study - United States Only

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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SLC13A5 deficiency (Citrate Transporter Disorder, EIEE 25) is a rare genetic disorder with neurodevelopmental delays and seizure onset in the first few days of life. This natural history study is designed to address the lack of understanding of disease progression. Additionally it will identify clinical and biomarker endpoints for use in future clinical trials.

Detailed Description
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This is a longitudinal observational study of the natural history of SLC13A5 deficiency for up to 2 years. This study does not involve any therapeutic intervention. The study includes in-person clinical assessments and laboratory analyses including standardized clinical evaluations, neurocognitive and quality of life scales, video movement rating scale, laboratory measurements of blood and urine, EEG capturing wake and sleep, EKG. Additionally, remote assessments in 1st year (every 3 months) and 2nd year (every 4 months) of enrollment will be made and caregiver will be asked to keep a seizure diary for the duration of the study. Personnel having expertise to comprehensively evaluate biological pathways that are perturbed by SLC13A5 deficiency will analyze the collected data. Improved understanding of disease pathogenesis will guide therapeutics and reveal clinical and biomarker endpoints for use in future clinical trials.

Official Title
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SLC13A5 Deficiency: A Prospective Natural History Study - United States Only

Conditions
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Citrate Transporter Deficiency, Epilepsy, Rare Diseases, EIEE25, Movement Disorders, Genetic Disorder, SLC13A5 Deficiency, Kohlschutter-Tonz Syndrome (Non-ROGDI), Citrate Transporter Disorder, DEE25

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Parent(s)/legal representative and/or patient must be willing and able to give informed consent/assent for participation in the study. Males and females of any age are eligible for this study Suspected or confirmed diagnosis of SLC135 deficiency with genetic variants in both SLC13A5 alleles and consistent clinical characteristics. Variants of uncertain significance in one or both alleles are acceptable if deemed good candidates by participant's primary geneticist or neurologist and study personnel. Participant and caregiver must be willing to provide clinical data, participate in standardized assessments, and provide biological samples. Willingness to travel to one of the three sites annually is favored, but not required. Exclusion Criteria: 1. The presence of a second, confirmed disorder, genetic or otherwise, affecting neurodevelopment or with other overlapping symptoms of SLC13A5 deficiency. -
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: general evaluations | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: general appearance, HEENT, neck, chest and lungs, cardiovascular, abdomen, genitourinary, rectal, musculoskeletal, lymph nodes, extremities/skin, mental status (alertness, interaction, language (EXP) (REC)), emotional affect (calm, smiling, laughing, anxious, frowning, crying, irritable, screaming). As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: vitals and biometrics evaluations | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: height (cm), weight (kg), blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), temperature (c), heart rate (beats/minute), respiratory rate (breaths/minute), and head circumference (cm). As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: neurologic evaluation | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: motor, motor stability, muscle bulk, paresis, sensation, reflexes, coordination, gait, and autonomic. As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: dental evaluations | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: baseline pain assessment from a scale of 0-10 (0 being no pain and 10 being highest pain), temperature pain assessment for cold from a scale of 0-10 (0 being no pain and 10 being highest pain), temperate pain assessment for hot from a scale of 0-10 (0 being no pain and 10 being highest pain), toothpaste use (type and frequency), and Fluoride treatments. As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: clinical and research laboratory studies | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: Clinical: ammonia, amylase, CKMB, GGT, lactate, lipase, PT/PTT, vitamin d 25-oh, CBC with differential, comprehensive MET panel, lipid panel with calculated LDL, and urine studies (calcium/creatinine ratio, spot ph, spot citrate concentration, citrate/creatinine ratio). Research: Citrate and metabolomics. As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: electroencephalogram (EEG) | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: looking at the duration of EEG, if they are captured awake or asleep, and if it is abnormal. As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Detailed phenotyping of the clinical course of SLC13A5 deficiency over time: scoring of movement disorder and SLC13A5 deficiency symptom scales | Conducted in patients with SLC13A5 deficiency: using scale titled Movement Exam for SLC13A5 Natural History Study. Assessing typical gait, standing in natural position, sitting on chair, head control, attempt to vocalize, speech quality, speech content, ability to grab items, and ability to draw. Symptom scales consist of chorea, dystonia, ataxia, myoclonus, tremor, hypokinetic-rigid syndrome, and tic. As much information as available will also be collected from existing medical records including clinical evaluations, imaging studies and neuropsychological and motor function evaluations. | Up to 24 months | 
| Neurodevelopmental profile of SLC13A5 deficiency as measured using Mullen Scales of Early Learning | Consists of a gross-motor scale and four cognitive scales: visual reception, fine motor, receptive language, and expressive language. T-Scores (mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10) are given for individual scales, and an optional Early Learning Composite standard score (mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15) serves as an overall estimate of cognitive functioning. This is based on child's age and there are no higher or lower scores that indicate a better or worse outcome. Developmental assessment at baseline and longitudinally, if age and ability-appropriate. | Up to 24 months | 
| Neurodevelopmental profile of SLC13A5 deficiency as measured using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 | Six subtests that measure motor ability in children: reflexes, stationary, locomotion, object manipulation, grasping, and visual motor integration. The Peabody has quotients that measure a child's motor ability: gross motor quotient, fine motor quotient, total motor quotient. This is based on child's age and there are no higher or lower scores that indicate a better or worse outcome. Developmental assessment at baseline and longitudinally, if age and ability-appropriate. | Up to 24 months | 
| Neurodevelopmental profile of SLC13A5 deficiency as measured using the Vineland-III Adaptive Behavior Scale | Vineland is a semi-structured interview that assesses adaptive behavior in several domains, summarized by the Adaptive Behavior Composite (ABC) standard score. ABC standard scores may range from 20 to 160, with a population mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. There are no higher or lower scores that indicate a better or worse outcome. Developmental assessment at baseline and longitudinally, if age and ability-appropriate. Additionally, Vineland-III Adaptive Behavior Scale questionnaire will be included in the remote assessment interview. | Up to 24 months | 
| Seizure burden and semiology as measured using the Seizure Global Impression of Change | Assessing the status of the patient's overall condition using a scale ranging from very much improved, much improved, slightly improved, no change, slightly worse, much worse, very much worse. Assessing the average number of participants' seizures on a scale of decreased, stayed the same, increased. Assessing the average duration of the participants' seizures on a scale of decreased, stayed the same, increased. Caregiver will be asked to maintain a seizure diary throughout the study and seizure burden will be assessed at in-person and remote assessments. | Up to 24 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Participant quality of life as measured through the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Family Impact | The PedsQL Family Impact Module measures parent self-reported physical, emotional, social, and cognitive functioning, communication, and worry. The Module also measures parent-reported family daily activities and family relationships. Items are reverse-scored and linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale (0 = 100, 1 = 75, 2 = 50, 3 = 25, 4 = 0), so that higher scores indicate better functioning (less negative impact). Scale Scores are computed as the sum of the items divided by the number of items answered (this accounts for missing data). Quality of life will be evaluated at baseline and longitudinally. | Up to 24 months | 
| Participant quality of life as measured through the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Caregiver Epilepsy Module | The PedsQL Epilepsy Module is a 29-item measure with five scales: Impact, Cognitive, Sleep, Executive Function, and Mood/Behavior. Items are reverse-scored and linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale (0 = 100, 1 = 75, 2 = 50, 3 = 25, 4 = 0), so that higher scores indicate better functioning (less negative impact). Scale Scores are computed as the sum of the items divided by the number of items answered (this accounts for missing data). Quality of life will be evaluated at baseline and longitudinally. | Up to 24 months | 
| Participant sleep disturbances as measured through the Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children (SDSC) | Consisting of 26 Likert-type items, the SDSC was designed both to evaluate specific sleep disorders in children, and to provide an overall measure of sleep disturbance suitable for use in clinical screening and research. Higher scores indicate more acute sleep disturbances. To obtain results, scores are tallied for each of the six sleep-disorder categories, and an overall score is calculated. The sleep disturbances will be evaluated at baseline and longitudinally. | Up to 24 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Epilepsy, Rare Disease, Movement Disorders, Genetic Disorder, Citrate Transporter Disorder, SLC13A5 Deficiency, EIEE25, Neonatal seizures, autosomal recessive, DEE25