Cefepime vs Ceftazidime as Empirical Therapy for Neutropenic Fever

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Empirical antibiotic therapy has been known to reduce the mortality and morbidity rate in neutropenic fever. Until now, ceftazidime was the first line choice of neutropenic fever. However, resistance against ceftazidime has been reported. Several countries have reported cefepime in reducing fever and shorten the length of hospitalization better than ceftazidime. This study is aimed to compare the effectivity of ceftazidime and cefepime to reduce fever and to increase the absolute neutrophils count (ANC) in the first 72 hours.

Detailed Description
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This study is a randomized controlled trial with single blinding, conducted in the children's hematology-oncology wards of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Harapan Kita Children's Hospital in Jakarta, December 2018 through May 2019. Study population includes all children with leukemia with febrile neutropenia episodes that are being hospitalized in our hospitals in the appropriate time. Subjects were chosen by consecutive sampling. Inclusion criteria includes children with leukemia aged 1 month to 18 years old undergoing chemotherapy, having fever of ≥ 38,3 degree celsius in axillar temperature with ANC < 1000/mm3. Patients' parents or guardians must be willing to participate and willing to sign a written informed consent form. Exclusion criteria includes patients with a history of penicillin or cephalosporin allergy and/or patients with kidney dysfunction. Block randomization was done to place each patient into cefepime or ceftazidime group. Data analysis was done using SPSS ver. 21 software. Numerical data was shown as mean with standard deviation if the data is normally distributed or median with minimum-maximum value if the data is not normally distributed. Chi-square as the correlation test was done in order to determine the association between free and dependent variables, based on nominal data. Mann Whitney test was done as the correlation test in order to test the difference between medians of uncoupled groups and one categorical variable, and one interval variable and the not normally distributed data.

Official Title
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Cefepime vs Ceftazidime as Empirical Therapy for Neutropenic Fever in Pediatric Acute Leukemia: Review of Temperature and Absolute Neutrophil

Conditions
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Neutropenia, Febrile, Leukemia, Pediatric Cancer, Antibiotic Reaction

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Ceftazidime Injection
* Drug: Cefepime Injection


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: children with leukemia aged 1 month to 18 years old undergoing chemotherapy having fever of ≥ 38,3 0C in axillar temperature ANC < 1000/mm3 patients' parents or guardians must be willing to participate and willing to sign a written informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: patients with a history of penicillin or cephalosporin allergy patients with kidney dysfunction

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 1 Year
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Patients were randomly divided into two intervention groups, ceftazidime and cefepime, each group consist of 36 patients. Patients were treated, the results were noted after 72 hours.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Group I<br>Participants were given ceftazidime as the antibiotic therapy with standard regimens and dose of antibiotic | Drug: Ceftazidime Injection<br>* Ceftazidime was administered intravenously with usual standard dose for serious infection (50 mg/kgBW/dose, 6 hourly)<br>|
| Experimental: Group II<br>Participants were given cefepime as the antibiotic therapy with standard regimens and dose of antibiotic | Drug: Cefepime Injection<br>* Cefepime was administered intravenously with usual standard dose for serious infection (50 mg/kgBW/dose, 8 hourly)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Temperature decrease | Decrease of temperature <= 37,5 degree celsius after administration of antibiotic | after 72 hours of antibiotic adminstration | 
| Increase of Absolute Neutrophil Count | ANC >= 1000 | after 72 hours of antibiotic administration | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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fever, neutropenia, temperature, absolute neutrophil count, antibiotic