Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations After Dairy Consumption

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study was designed to obtain information about the change in postprandial amino acids in blood over time, after consumption of different dairy products, in an elderly population and how this relates to gastric emptying rate and feelings of satiety.

Official Title
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Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations After Dairy Consumption

Conditions
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Protein Digestion Kinetics

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: skimmed milk (UHT)
* Other: skimmed milk (pasteurized)
* Other: skimmed yoghurt
* Other: full-fat milk (UHT)
* Other: non-homogenized full-fat milk (pasteurized)
* Other: full-fat cheese (semi-matured)
* Other: whey protein
* Other: micellar casein


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age over 60y BMI 21-30 kg/m2 Non-smoking Healthy as assessed by the NIZO lifestyle and health questionnaire Regular and normal Dutch eating habits as assessed by the NIZO lifestyle and health questionnaire (3 main meals per day) Veins suitable for cannulation (blood sampling) Exclusion Criteria: Participation in any clinical trial including blood sampling and/or administration of substances up to 30 days before Day 01 of this study Having a history of medical or surgical events that may significantly affect the study outcome, including: Inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis, pancreatitis, ulcers, gastrointestinal or rectal bleeding; major gastrointestinal tract surgery such as gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, or bowel resection; known or suspected gastrointestinal disorders, colon or GI tract cancer Use of the following medication: glucose lowering drugs, insulin; medication that may impact gastric emptying (e.g. gastric acid inhibitors or laxatives) Diagnosed with diabetes, being treated for high blood glucose or increased fasting blood glucose (> 7 mmol/l in finger prick blood) as assessed during screening visit For men: Hb <8,5 mmol/l as assessed during screening visit; for women: Hb <7,5 mmol/l. Use of protein supplements Mental status that is incompatible with the proper conduct of the study A self-reported reported food allergy or sensitivity to dairy ingredients A self-reported allergy or sensitivity to acetaminophen Alcohol consumption > 28 units/week and 4/day Reported unexplained weight loss or weight gain of > 3 kg in the month prior to pre-study screening, or intention to lose weight during the study period Reported slimming or medically prescribed diet Recent blood donation (<1 month prior to Day 01 of the study) Not willing or afraid to give up blood donation during the study Personnel of NIZO food research or Wageningen University, department of Human Nutrition, their partner and their first and second degree relatives Not having a general practitioner Not willing to accept information-transfer concerning participation in the study, or information regarding his health, like laboratory results and eventual adverse events to and from his general practitioner

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: skimmed milk (UHT)<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: skimmed milk (UHT)<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: skimmed milk (pasteurized)<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: skimmed milk (pasteurized)<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: skimmed yoghurt<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: skimmed yoghurt<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: full-fat milk (UHT)<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: full-fat milk (UHT)<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: non-homogenized full-fat milk (pasteurized)<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: non-homogenized full-fat milk (pasteurized)<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: full-fat cheese (semi-matured)<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: full-fat cheese (semi-matured)<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: whey protein<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: whey protein<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: micellar casein<br>portion size that contains 25 g of protein, oral, single administration | Other: micellar casein<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| iAUC for postprandial individual plasma amino acids |  | 0-300 min after consumption | 
| Cmax for postprandial individual plasma amino acids |  | 0-300 min after consumption | 
| Tmax for postprandial individual plasma amino acids |  | 0-300 min after consumption |