The Effect of Exercise on Motion Perception and Fear in Low Back Pain

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Nonspesific low back pain (NLBP), which negatively affects functionality, activity participation, and financial situation, is now one of the leading causes of disability in the world. In NLBP, pain causes kinesiophobia known as fear of movement and limitation of activity. Contrary to what is known, this cycle aggravates pain. With this result, it is suggested that the exercise to be done will improve the perception of benefit in the person and eliminate the fear of movement, and that it will cure the disease. In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the effect of exercise on the perception of exercise and fear of movement in patients with NLBP.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The study will be composed of volunteers, non-specific low back pain individuals who meet the inclusion criteria. First of all, the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients will be questioned with the evaluation form. The personal information of the patients (gender, height, weight, smoking, etc.) and clinical status (pain type, pain intensity, trunk flexibility measurements) will be recorded by the physiotherapist in the evaluation form. In addition to these measurements, the state of fear of physical movement and activity will be evaluated with the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale.

Official Title
-----------------
The Effect of Exercise Program on Perception of Exercise and Fear of Movement in Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Conditions
-----------------
Low Back Pain

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Exercises


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Voluntarily accepting the study Having nonspecific low back pain for 3 months or longer Not having had spinal surgery in the last 6 months Not having an orthopedic or neurological disability that would prevent them from doing their exercises Patients who regularly continue their exercises without interrupting Exclusion Criteria: Patients with non-specific low back pain who do not meet the inclusion criteria and want to drop out of the study

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Patients included in the treatment group had 15 sessions. Neutral position training, transversus abdominis/multifidius/abdominal/back extensors strengthening exercise, bridge exercise, cat-camel exercise, lumbal extensor/hamstring/gastrosoleus/latissimus dorsi/gluteal stretching exercises will be done face-to-face with a physiotherapist. At the end of the 15 sessions of face-to-face training the patients will be perform the same exercises at home for 15 days. The patients will not given any exercises in the control group. Measurements and evaluations of the patients in the both groups will be made three that pre-treatment, post-treatment, 15 days after the end of treatment.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Exercises<br>Neutral position training, transversus abdominis/multifidius/abdominal/back extensors strengthening exercise, bridge exercise, cat-camel exercise, lumbal extensor/hamstring/gastrosoleus/latissimus dorsi/gluteal stretching exercises | Other: Exercises<br>* Neutral position training, transversus abdominis/multifidius/abdominal/back extensors strengthening exercise, bridge exercise, cat-camel exercise, lumbal extensor/hamstring/gastrosoleus/latissimus dorsi/gluteal stretching exercises<br>|
| No Intervention: Routine<br>Only routine treatment | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Exercise Benefit/Barrier Scale | This scale is a 4 scores Likert-type. Scale consisting 43 questions. A high score means exercise perception. When Benefit Scale is evaluated on its own, how high the total score of 29 items is it means that exercise perception is beneficial in high level. In Barrier Scale which consists 14 items, the higher obtained total score is, higher the barrier level perceived against exercise is. | Change in participate in life ine one month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia | Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia is a checklist of 17 questions. 4-point Likert scale on the scale rating (1= strongly disagree, 4= I totally agree). Person between 17-68 total gets a score. The score of the person on the scale high, kinesiophobia is also high. shows. Total score in studies use is recommended. | Change in participate in life ine one month | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
nonspesific low back pain, flexibility, kinesiphobia, pain