HDL-C in Cardiac Syndrome X

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is in the centrum of the process of reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells to the liver[10]. HDL-C promotes endothelial generation of nitric oxide (NO) and improves endothelial function and arterial vasoreactivity[11]. In several studies, lower HDL-C level was reported to be associated with increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk[12-14]. HDL-C also has anti- inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities[15,16]. Concerning anti-inflammatory activity, HDL-C inhibits the activation of monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils[17,18] and inhibits the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin[15]. In this study we aimed to investigate the relation of HDL-C level with systemic inflammatory markers in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX).

Official Title
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HDL-Cholesterol is Inversely Related With Inflammation in Cardiac Syndrome X

Conditions
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Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Diseases, Myocardial Ischaemia, Unstable Angina, Microvascular Angina

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Must be able to get exercise stress test Must be able to have coronary angiography Clinical diagnosis of typical anginaduring rest or effort Abnormal test result for exercise ECG or myocardial perfusion scintigraphy Must have of angiographically normal epicardial coronary arteries Exclusion Criteria: Patients with valvular heart disease (mitral stenosis and moderate to severe mitral regurgitation Patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis and regurgitation including mitral annular calcification) Patients with heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction <50%) Patients with congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, left ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular hypertrophy Patients with cardiac surgery Patients with thyroid disease Patients with anemia Patients with pulmonary diseases Patients with infectious diseases (locally or systemic)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 47 Years
Maximum Age: 58 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Cardiac Syndrome X<br> | |
| Control Group<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| HDL-Cholesterol | HDL-Cholesterol <40 mg/dL(male) / < 50mg/dL(female) ==> low HDL-C | 6 MONTHS | 
| Cardiac Syndrome X | Patients who have typical anginal chest pain+ischaemic findings at exercise stress test/myocardial scintigraphy + normal epicardial coronaries at coronary angiography ==> Cardiac syndrome X | 6 months | 
| Inflammation | CRP > 2,98 mg/dL ==> systemic inflammation | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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cardiac syndrome X, inflammation, dyslipidemia