Bioavailability of Orally Ingested Vitamin C

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to determine if crystalline vitamin C supplementation can acutely increase skeletal muscle vitamin C concentrations and if this can be potentiated by administering vitamin C using Phosphycell™ Technology - a phosphatidylcholine-lipid encapsulation technology.

Official Title
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Investigating the Oral Bioavailability of Vitamin C Administered Using Phosphycell™ Technology - a Phosphatidylcholine-lipid Encapsulation Technology.

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Phosphatidylcholine-lipid encapsulated vitamin C
* Dietary Supplement: Crystalline vitamin C


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Body mass index (BMI) 18.5 - 30 kg/m2 Age 18 - 40 Non-smoker Exclusion Criteria: Body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 or > 30 kg/m2 Age < 18 or > 40 Smoking Cardiovascular disease Hypertension (≥ 140/90 mmHg) Metabolic disease Medications known to affect vitamin C metabolism A known vitamin C deficiency Less than 2 hours per week of physical activity or following a structured exercise training program. Routine use of vitamin supplements

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Crystalline vitamin C supplementation<br>1000 mg of vitamin C ingested in crystalline form | Dietary Supplement: Crystalline vitamin C<br>* Ingesting 1000 mg of vitamin C in crystalline form<br>|
| Experimental: Phosphatidylcholine-lipid encapsulated vitamin C supplementation<br>1000 mg of vitamin C ingested in phosphatidylcholine-lipid encapsulated form | Dietary Supplement: Phosphatidylcholine-lipid encapsulated vitamin C<br>* Ingesting 1000 mg of vitamin C in phosphatidylcholine-lipid encapsulated form<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Skeletal muscle vitamin C concentrations | Skeletal muscle vitamin C concentrations 6 hours after vitamin C ingestion will be measured using HPLC and compared to baseline | 6 hours after vitamin C ingestion | 
| Skeletal muscle vitamin C concentrations | Skeletal muscle vitamin C concentrations 12 hours after vitamin C ingestion will be measured using HPLC and compared to baseline and 6 hours after vitamin C ingestion | 12 hours after vitamin C ingestion | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood plasma vitamin C concentrations | Blood plasma vitamin C concentrations will be measured using HPLC during the 24 hour post vitamin C ingestion period | 24 hours after vitamin C ingestion | 
| White blood cell vitamin C concentrations | White blood cell vitamin C concentrations will be measured 6 hours after vitamin C ingestion using HPLC and compared to baseline | 6 hours after vitamin C ingestion | 
| White blood cell vitamin C concentrations | White blood cell vitamin C concentrations will be measured 24 hours after vitamin C ingestion using HPLC and compared to baseline and 3 hours post vitamin C ingestion | 24 hours after vitamin C ingestion | 
| Cardiovascular function | Cardiovascular function will be measuring using a finger plethysmograph during the 24 hour post vitamin C ingestion period | 24 hours after vitamin C ingestion |