A Study of Siltuximab (Anti- IL 6 Monoclonal Antibody) in Patients With High-risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of siltuximab compared with placebo (an inactive substance that is compared with a drug to test whether the drug has a real effect in a clinical trial) in patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM).

Detailed Description
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This is a randomized (treatment assigned by chance), double-blind (neither patient nor investigator know which treatment is given), multicenter study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of siltuximab compared with placebo in patients with high-risk SMM (defined as bone marrow plasma cells >=10% and either serum monoclonal protein >=3 g/dL, or abnormal free light chain ratio <0.126 or >8 and serum M-protein <3 g/dL but >=1 g/dL). Approximately 74 patients will receive either siltuximab or placebo by intravenous (IV, injection into a vein) infusion every 4 weeks until progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the end of the study (approximately 4 years after randomization of the last patient). Efficacy, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and potential biomarkers will be assessed at time points defined in the protocol. Patient reported outcomes (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30, Brief Pain Inventory [worst pain], Non-Chemotherapy Anemia Symptom Scale) will be administered before any procedure or treatment at each visit. Patient safety will be monitored throughout the study.

Official Title
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A Phase 2, Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Study of Siltuximab (Anti IL 6 Monoclonal Antibody) in Subjects With High-risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

Conditions
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High-risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Siltuximab
* Drug: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) for <4 years Diagnosis of high-risk SMM (defined as bone marrow plasma cells >=10% and either serum monoclonal protein >=3 g/dL, or abnormal free light chain ratio <0.126 or >8 and serum M-protein <3 g/dL but >=1 g/dL) Patients must be within certain limits for protocol-specified laboratory tests Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status score of 0 or 1 Women not of childbearing potential must be postmenopausal, permanently sterilized, or otherwise incapable of pregnancy Women of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate birth control measures and agree to not donate eggs for the purpose of assisted reproduction during the study and for 3 months after receiving the last dose of study agent, and must have a negative pregnancy test at screening Men must agree to use a double-barrier method of birth control and to not donate sperm during the study and for 3 months after receiving the last dose of study agent Exclusion Criteria: Having symptomatic multiple myeloma, defined by any of the following (if due to myeloma): lytic bone lesions, severe osteopenia (low bone density), pathologic fractures, hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood), kidney insufficiency; symptomatic hyperviscosity of the blood, or recurrent serious bacterial infections such as pneumonia Primary systemic amyloid light (AL) chain amyloidosis (a build-up of amyloid light chain proteins in the blood) Prior or concurrent exposure to approved or investigational multiple myeloma treatments (concurrent treatment with bone-protecting agents (eg, bisphosphonates, denosumab), or steroids (not exceeding 10 mg prednisone per day or equivalent) are only allowed if given in a stable dose and for a nonmalignant condition; concurrent treatment with erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) are not allowed.) Prior exposure to agents targeting interleukin 6 (IL 6) or the IL 6 receptor Other malignancy within the past 3 years, except for the following, if treated and not active: basal cell or nonmetastatic (non-spreading) squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, cervical carcinoma or International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stage 1 carcinoma of the cervix

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Siltuximab<br>Type=exact, unit=mg/kg, number=15, form=intravenous infusion, route=intravenous use, every 4 weeks until progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the end of the study. | Drug: Siltuximab<br>* Type=exact, unit=mg/kg, number=15, form=intravenous infusion, route=intravenous use, every 4 weeks until progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the end of the study.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>Form=intravenous infusion, route=intravenous use route=intravenous, use every 4 weeks until progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the end of the study. | Drug: Placebo<br>* Form=intravenous infusion, route=intravenous use route=intravenous, use every 4 weeks until progression to symptomatic multiple myeloma, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the end of the study.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| One-Year Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Rate | One-year PFS rate is defined as the percentage (%) of participants surviving 1 year after randomization without progression to multiple myeloma or death estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and based on the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) calcium, renal, anemia, and bone lesions (CRAB) criteria. Progressive disease (PD) is defined as presence of an M- component in serum plus clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow plus 1 or more of the following: Calcium elevation (greater than [>] 11.5 milligram per deciliter [mg/dL] [> 2.88 millimoles per liter {mmol/L}]); Renal insufficiency (creatinine > 2 mg/dL [177 micromoles per liter or more]; Anemia (hemoglobin less than [<] 10 gram per deciliter [g/dL] or 2 g/dL lower than lower limit of normal [LLN] [hemoglobin < 6.5 mmol/L or 1.25 mmol/L lower than LLN]); Bone disease (lytic lesions or osteopenia). | Up to 1 Year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Progressive Disease Indicator Rate (PDIR) at 6 Months | PDIR is defined as percentage of participants who meet any of following criteria occurring within 6 months of start of treatment. a) CRAB criteria: true progression events, b) Serum M-protein: increase by 25 % compared with baseline at 2 consecutive assessments, c) Magnetic resonance imaging: unequivocal increase in focal bone lesions, d) Immunoparesis: decrease by 25% compared with baseline of 2 other non-affected immunoglobulin (Ig) (IgG, IgM, IgA) at 2 consecutive assessments, e) Hemoglobin: decrease of 1.5 g/dL (with at least 1 read below LLN) at 2 consecutive assessments, with no other identifiable cause. PD is defined as presence of M-component in serum plus clonal plasma cells in bone marrow plus 1 or more of following: Calcium elevation (> 11.5 mg/dL [> 2.88 mmol/L]); Renal insufficiency (creatinine >2 mg/dL [177 micro mol/L or more]); Anemia (hemoglobin <10 or 2 g/dL lower than LLN) [hemoglobin < 6.5 or 1.25 mmol/L lower than LLN]); Bone disease (lytic lesions or osteopenia). | At 6 Months | 
| Progression-Free Survival | PFS is defined as the time between randomization and initial documented PD according to the CRAB - International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria or date of death, whichever occurs first. PD is defined as presence of an M-component in serum plus clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow plus 1 or more of the following: Calcium elevation (> 11.5 mg/dL [> 2.88 mmol/L]); Renal insufficiency (creatinine > 2 mg/dL [177 [micro mol/L or more]); Anemia (<10 g/dL or 2 g/dL) lower than LLN) [hemoglobin < 6.5 mmol/L or 1.25 mmol/L lower than LLN]); Bone disease (lytic lesions or osteopenia). | Up to 4.7 Years | 
| Percentage of Participants With Serum M-protein Response | Serum M-protein response is defined as a decrease of greater than or equal to (>=) 50% in serum M-protein compared with baseline at 2 consecutive assessments. | Up to 4.7 Years | 
| Time to Worsening in European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC-QLQ-C30) Scale Score | Time to worsening in EORTC-QLQ-C30 (physical function scale) is defined as time between randomization and first documentation of a worsening in EORTC-QLQ-C-30. Worsening in the EORTC-QLQ-C30 is defined as 10 points decrease from baseline. It comprises module with 30 items. Questionnaire includes 9 multi-item scales: 5 functional scales (physical, role, cognitive, emotional, and social), 3 symptom scales (fatigue, pain, nausea/vomiting), a global health and quality of life scale, and a number of single items assessing symptoms (dyspnea, loss of appetite, insomnia, constipation, diarrhoea). Instrument contains 28 items using a Likert scale with 4 response options: Not at All, A Little, Quite a Bit, Very Much (scored 1-4). Two additional items use response options (1-7): 1=Very Poor, to 7=Excellent. All scale and item scores were linearly transformed to be in range from 0-100. A higher score represents a higher (better) level of functioning, or a higher (worse) level of symptoms. | Up to 4.7 Years | 
| Time to Worsening in the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Worst Item Scores | Time to worsening in the BPI worst item is defined as the time between randomization and the first documentation of a worsening in the BPI worst item. It has 2 domains reflecting pain severity and pain interference with domains of functioning and well-being. The selected item refers to the worst pain the patient has experienced over the past 24 hours. This item has been found to be most responsive to interference with key domains of functioning and well-being and may be used as a single item. Responses are provided on an 11-point numeric rating scale ranging from 0 no pain to 10 pain as bad as you can imagine. Responses are described as mild (1 to 4), moderate (5 to 6) and severe (7 to 10). Worsening in the BPI worst item is defined as 2 points increase from baseline. | Up to 4.7 Years | 
| Number of Participants With Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma With Adverse Prognostic Features | Number of participants who progressed to symptomatic multiple myeloma with stage III of International Staging System (ISS) or abnormal cytogenetic findings were assessed. The ISS system consists of stage I: beta2-microglobulin < 3.5 milligram per liter (mg/L) and albumin >= 3.5 gram (g)/100 ml; stage II: neither stage I nor stage III and stage III: beta2-microglobulin >= 5.5 mg/L. | Up to 4.7 Years | 
| Number of Participants With Best Response to First Subsequent Multiple Myeloma Treatment | Best response to first subsequent anti-myeloma therapy was assessed by physician report at 6-month intervals and classified as: complete response (CR) (negative immunofixation on the serum and urine, disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and < 5% plasms cells (PCs) in bone marrow); stringent CR (CR plus a normal FLC ratio, absence of clonal cells in bone marrow); near CR (< 5% PCs in a bone marrow aspirate, no increase in lytic bone lesions); very good partial response (VGPR) (serum and urine component detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis, or >= 90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level <100 mg per 24 hour); partial response (PR): >= 50 reduction of serum M-protein, reduction in 24-hour urinary M-protein by >=90 % or to < 200 mg/24 hours); minimal response (>=25% but <= 49% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in urine M-protein by 50%-89%); stable disease (not meeting criteria for CR, VGPR, PR, or PD); PD; not evaluable and unknown. | Up to 4.7 Years | 
| Overall Survival (OS) | OS is defined as the time between randomization and death due to any cause. | Up to 4.7 Years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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High-risk smoldering multiple myeloma, Multiple myeloma, Siltuximab