Development of Alternatives for the Estimation of the Resting Metabolic Rate From Anthropometry in Paralympic Athletes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To our knowledge no study has evaluated neither feasible methods for the assessment of anthropometric profile nor indirect methods to estimate energy expenditure (EE) for adapted athletes. The primary aim is to develop and validate new RMR prediction models, for the estimation of the resting metabolic rate from anthropometric variables in young Mexican Paralympic athletes; our second objective is to evaluate the agreement between RMR and the prediction models of Cunningham, Harris-Benedict, Henry, Valencia, Chun, Nightingale & Gorgey, FAO/WHO, Mifflin, Müller, Owen, and our own models. A comparative cross-sectional quantitative study was designed. Participants report to the testing laboratory only once for data collection. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology criteria guidelines for cross-sectional research (STROBE) is followed in the design/reporting of this study.

Official Title
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Development of Alternatives for the Estimation of the Resting Metabolic Rate From Anthropometric Variables in Paralympic Athletes

Conditions
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Resting Metabolic Rate, Disability Physical, Athletic Injuries

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Indirect Calorimetry


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: i) swimmers who report to the assessment area with a fasting period of 6 to 8 hours, and at least 12 hours after their last exercise routine; ii) swimmers who have not consumed alcohol or any stimulant for the last 48 hours (e.g., coffee, tea, chocolate, carbonated drinks, energy drinks, supplements); iii) swimmers who has contested at least in one of the last two swimming competitions, including World Championships and Paralympic Games Exclusion Criteria: i) fail to complete the indirect calorimetry test after two attempts; ii) attend to the evaluation area without the appropriate clothing or without following the instructions for fasting, exercise, and feeding prior to the evaluations; iii) swimmers who at the time of the evaluations did not give written consent (parental consent in case of under 18 years old) for procedures or data release for research purposes.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 10 Years
Maximum Age: 59 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: Indirect Calorimetry|RMR was calculated by breath oxygen consumption (O2 in mL·min-1), minute by minute, using a portable device (Breezing®, Arizona, USA), and the Weir equation (1949), while participants remained in a sitting position for ≈15 to 20 minutes. The anthropometric measurements were performed by certified level 3 anthropometrists following the guidelines of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry, ISAK|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Indirect Calorimetry | The RMR was measured by IC using a portable device (Breezing®, Arizona, USA), which was calibrated before each test and has been described as a valid and reliable system (Xiaojun et al. 2015). RMR was calculated by breath oxygen consumption (O2 in mL·min-1), minute by minute, using the Weir equation (1949), while participants remained in a sitting position for ≈15 to 20 minutes. | One day | 
| Anthropometry | The anthropometric measurements were performed by certified level 3 anthropometrists following the guidelines of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry, ISAK (Stewart et al, 2011). | One day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Paralympic Athletes, Anthropometry, Indirect Calorimetry, Bioenergetics, Metabolic rate