Head and Neck Positions for Endotracheal Intubation Using a Videolaryngoscope

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this study, the investigators evaluate the effect of head positions (simple extension vs. sniffing position vs. head elevation) on endotracheal intubation using a videolaryngoscope.

Official Title
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Impact of Head and Neck Positions on Endotracheal Intubation Using a McGRATH MAC Video Laryngoscope

Conditions
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Endotracheal Intubation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: endotracheal intubation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients scheduled for general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: Limited neck extension Anatomical anomalies or history of surgery in the upper airway Weak teeth Risk of pulmonary aspiration

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Simple extension<br>After induction of anesthesia, endotracheal intubation was performed in simple extension without a pillow using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope. | Procedure: endotracheal intubation<br>* Endotracheal intubation is performed in simple head extension or sniffing position using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope.<br>|
| Experimental: Head elevated position<br>After induction of anesthesia, endotracheal intubation was performed in a head elevated position with a pillow using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope. | Procedure: endotracheal intubation<br>* Endotracheal intubation is performed in simple head extension or sniffing position using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope.<br>|
| Experimental: Sniffing position<br>After induction of anesthesia, endotracheal intubation was performed in a sniffing position using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope. | Procedure: endotracheal intubation<br>* Endotracheal intubation is performed in simple head extension or sniffing position using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ease of intubation | Ease of endotracheal intubation is assessed using the intubation difficulty scale. Intubation difficulty scale includes number of attempts, number of operators, number of alternative techniques, glottic opening and so on. | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score | POGO score is recorded during endotracheal intubation (0%: no visualization of glottic opening; 100%: entire visualization of the glottic opening). | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 
| Number of attempts | Number of attempts for endotracheal intubation is recorded. | Procedure (At the end of endotracheal intubation) | 
| Intubation time | The time taken for endotracheal intubation is recorded. | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 
| Palatopharyngeal wall injury | Presence of palatopharyngeal wall injury is observed. | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 
| Lifting force for exposure of the glottis | Requirement for lifting force to expose the glottis is recorded during videolaryngoscopy | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 
| Laryngeal pressure for exposure of the glottis | Requirement for laryngeal force to expose the glottis is recorded during videolaryngoscopy | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 
| Lifting force for advancing an endotracheal tube into the larynx | Requirement for lifting force is recorded during the advancement of the endotracheal tube into the larynx. | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) | 
| Laryngeal pressure for advancing an endotracheal tube into the larynx. | Requirement for laryngeal pressure is recorded during the advancement of the endotracheal tube into the larynx. | Procedure (During endotracheal intubation) |