Effectiveness of a Lifestyle Intervention for Increasing Physical Activity in Adults With Schizophrenia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in increasing physical activity and reducing disease symptoms in sedentary adults with schizophrenia.

Detailed Description
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Schizophrenia is a severely disabling brain disorder. People with schizophrenia often experience hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, and movement disorders. Physical activity (PA) has been shown not only to increase quality of life, but also to reduce risk factors for several chronic diseases and conditions. The majority of adults, however, do not engage in the recommended amount of PA. Research has shown that people with schizophrenia are even less likely to be regularly physically active. Symptoms of schizophrenia, pharmacological treatments for the disease, and the lifestyle associated with the disease tend to contribute to physical inactivity and the resulting complications. Effective interventions to increase PA have been developed for the general adult population, but very little is known about how to adapt them for use in adults with schizophrenia. The PRIME (Physically Ready for Invigorating Movement Every Day) program is a lifestyle intervention focused on increasing physical activity. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a modified PRIME program in reducing the risk for morbidity in sedentary adults with schizophrenia. Participants in this 24-week, single-blind study will be randomly assigned to either the PRIME intervention group or the comparison group, which will involve the Program for Activity, Leisure Skills, and Socialization (PALSS). All participants will attend 90-minute sessions weekly for the first 16 weeks, then biweekly for the remaining 8 weeks. PRIME sessions will focus on learning about PA, setting PA-related goals, and assessing short- and long-term goals. Goals may include early-stage process-oriented goals, such as reading about PA benefits or finding a walking partner. Goals tailored to later stages of change include explicit PA goals, such as increasing frequency, duration, and intensity of PA. Training will also be accomplished online and via printed material. PALSS sessions will focus on motivating participants to engage in leisure and social activity. Sessions will include interactive, structured activity that will be led by a therapist, as well as unstructured leisure activities, such as board games, cards, general socialization, and viewing a travel video. Social and communication skills will not be explicitly taught or practiced. All participants will attend study visits at Months 2, 6, and 8 to assess outcomes. A follow-up visit will be held 2 months post-intervention.

Official Title
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Adapting a Physical Activity Intervention for Schizophrenia

Conditions
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Schizophrenia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Physically Ready for Invigorating Movement Every Day (PRIME)
* Behavioral: Program for Activity, Leisure Skills, and Socialization (PALSS)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Speaks English Diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder Currently living in a residential facility Currently receiving outpatient care Medical clearance Willing to sign a release of medical information Exclusion Criteria: Inability to complete assessments Medical conditions that may make increasing physical activity unsafe Pregnant Currently participating in regular moderate to vigorous physical activity (defined as more than 150 minutes per week)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 21 Years
Maximum Age: 64 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 1<br>Participants will receive the Physically Ready for Invigorating Movement Every Day program | Behavioral: Physically Ready for Invigorating Movement Every Day (PRIME)<br>* The PRIME program is a lifestyle intervention focused on increasing physical activity. The intervention is cognitive/behaviorally based, 24-weeks in length, and a lifestyle PA intervention known to be effective in the general population of adults. The program has been modified based on theory and empirical findings about this special subgroup. All participants will attend 90-minute sessions weekly for the first 16 weeks, then biweekly for the remaining 8 weeks. PRIME sessions will focus on learning about PA, setting PA-related goals, and assessing short- and long-term goals. Goals may include early-stage process-oriented goals, such as reading about PA benefits or finding a walking partner.<br>|
| Active Comparator: 2<br>Participants will receive the Program for Activity, Leisure Skills, and Socialization | Behavioral: Program for Activity, Leisure Skills, and Socialization (PALSS)<br>* PALSS sessions will focus on motivating participants to engage in leisure and social activity. Sessions will include interactive, structured activity that will be led by a therapist, as well as unstructured leisure activities, such as board games, cards, general socialization, and viewing a travel video. Social and communication skills will not be explicitly taught or practiced. All participants will attend 90-minute sessions weekly for the first 16 weeks, then biweekly for the remaining 8 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Frequency and intensity of PA |  | Measured at baseline and Months 2, 6, and 8 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Quality of life |  | Measured at baseline and Months 2, 6, and 8 | 
| Body mass index (BMI) |  | Measured at Months 2, 6, and 8 | 
| Blood pressure |  | Measured at baseline and Months 2, 6, and 8 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Lifestyle Intervention, Schizoaffective Disorder