Kinesiophobia and Associated Factors in Patients With Traumatic Lower Extremity Amputation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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There are limited studies examining kinesiophobia and factors associated with kinesophobia in patients with lower limb amputation. The aim of this study is to illustrate the level of kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic lower extremity amputation and to analyze the correlation between kinesiophobia and associated factors (pain, prosthesis satisfaction, fear of fall, quality of life). This cross-sectional study will involve 52 patients with traumatic lower extremity amputation. Kinesiophobia level will be measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). All patients will point the severity of sound limb pain, residual limb pain, low back pain and the overall prosthesis, socket system and prosthetic foot satisfaction on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) will be used for evaluation of falls efficacy under different circumstances. The quality of life (QoL) will be assessed with Nottingham Health Profile (NHP).

Detailed Description
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Kinesiophobia is defined as an unreasonable, excessive, and debilitating fear of physical activity and movement resulting from a feeling of susceptibility to painful injury or re-injury. Kinesiophobia was demonstrated to be related to lower levels of physical activity in people with chronic pain. As a result, there is an increased risk of sedentary lifestyle. Inactivity increases the risk of chronic pain as well as other health problems such as cardiovascular diseases. Kinesiophobia also is related to poor treatment outcomes. The negative effects of kinesiophobia on rehabilitation processes including exercise programs and thus its importance in the clinical course were illustrated in studies on various diseases. There are limited studies examining kinesiophobia and factors associated with kinesophobia in patients with lower limb amputation. The aim of this study is to illustrate the level of kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic lower extremity amputation and to analyze the correlation between kinesiophobia and associated factors (pain, prosthesis satisfaction, fear of fall, quality of life). his cross-sectional study will involve 52 patients with traumatic lower extremity amputation. Kinesiophobia level will be measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). All patients will point the severity of sound limb pain, residual limb pain, low back pain and the overall prosthesis, socket system and prosthetic foot satisfaction on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) will be used for evaluation of falls efficacy under different circumstances. The quality of life (QoL) will be assessed with Nottingham Health Profile (NHP).

Official Title
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Kinesiophobia and Associated Factors in Patients With Traumatic Lower Extremity Amputation

Conditions
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Amputation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: questionnaires for clinical assessments


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: aged 18-65 years time after amputation ≥ 6 months unilateral or bilateral amputation above the ankle level using a prosthesis Exclusion Criteria: upper extremity amputation the presence of musculoskeletal or neurological disease that could cause functional impairment other than amputation the presence of neurological deficit.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: questionnaires for clinical assessments|questionnaires for clinical assessments|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) | Kinesiophobia level will be measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). The questionnaire contains 17 items that uses a 4-point Likert-type scale (from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree)). A score of 39 or above will be used in order to distinguish those with a high level of kinesophobia. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of TKS has been demonstrated. | through study completion, an average of one and a half months | 
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | All patients will point the severity of sound limb pain, residual limb pain, low back pain and the overall prosthesis, socket system and prosthetic foot satisfaction on a Visua Analogue Scale (VAS; from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain)). | through study completion, an average of one and a half months | 
| Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) | Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) will be used for evaluation of falls efficacy under different circumstances. The FES-I is a self-report questionnaire, containing 16 items scored on a four-point scale (from 1 (no fear whatsoever) to 4 (very fearful)). The questionnaire provides information about the level of concern associated with falls during 16 various activities of daily living. | through study completion, an average of one and a half months | 
| Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) | The quality of life (QoL) will be assessed with Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). NHP consists of 38 questions on six different subscales that include physical activity, pain, sleep, fatigue, social isolation and emotional reactions. Each subscale of NHP is scored between 0 and 100, and higher scores illustrate a decrease in QoL. It has been shown that NHP is a reliable scale for measuring health-related quality of life in patients with amputation. | through study completion, an average of one and a half months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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fear of fall, kinesiophobia, amputation, pain, quality of life