Pulmonary Vascular Impairment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessed by MRI

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent pulmonary disease providing major morbidity and mortality. Bronchial obstruction is the cornerstone in assessment of the disease whereas associated pulmonary vascular disease remains poorly known. Improving knowledge on pulmonary vascular adaptive skills in COPD patients could allow for better understanding disease exacerbations, evolution towards chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH) and therapeutics to be offered to the patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an innovative and non-invasive tool capable of pulmonary vascular evaluation. This work aims at identifying pulmonary vascular impairment in COPD patients using functional MRI.

Detailed Description
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent pulmonary disease providing major morbidity and mortality. Bronchial obstruction is the cornerstone in assessment of the disease whereas associated pulmonary vascular disease remains poorly known. However, it has been shown that emphysema, frequently observed in COPD, contains major vascular lesions. Alteration of pulmonary vascularisation have been found during exacerbation of the disease. Moreover, it is well established that such vascular lesions form the substrate for endothelial dysfunction, expressed as an impairment of vascular adaptation during exercise, and evolving towards chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH). Owing to its severe effects on the right-sided heart, it signs a pejorative turn in patients' survival and quality of life. Finally, COPD patients' phenotypes are very heterogeneous and the clinical response to PH treatments is variable; while some get a benefit, others are counter-indicated due to adverse effects. Improving knowledge on pulmonary vascular adaptive skills in COPD patients could allow for better understanding disease exacerbations, evolution towards PH and therapeutics to be offered to the patients. This area of research remains widely unknown because of the lack of simple tools to assess pulmonary vascularisation which could be used in clinical routine. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an innovative and non-invasive tool capable of pulmonary vascular evaluation. This work aims at identifying pulmonary vascular impairment in COPD patients using functional MRI.

Official Title
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Pulmonary Vascular Impairment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessed by MRI

Conditions
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using Gadolinium-based contrast agent


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 40-70 Diagnosed with COPD Emphysema on chest CT FEV1 between 35 and 80 % Screened for PH by echocardiography Exclusion Criteria: side effect for exercise side effect for MRI and contrast agent injection Pregnancy or breastfeeding Refusing to be informed of the discovery of an anomaly on chest MRI

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: patients with COPD and PH<br> | Diagnostic Test: chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using Gadolinium-based contrast agent<br>* chest MRI will be performed at rest and after moderate exercise<br>|
| Active Comparator: patients with COPD without PH<br> | Diagnostic Test: chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using Gadolinium-based contrast agent<br>* chest MRI will be performed at rest and after moderate exercise<br>|
| Active Comparator: healthy subjects<br> | Diagnostic Test: chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using Gadolinium-based contrast agent<br>* chest MRI will be performed at rest and after moderate exercise<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pulmonary blood flow variation from rest to exercise | Pulmonary blood flow will be measured with dynamic contrast-enhancement MRI at rest and after moderate exercise. Relative variation is the primary outcome. | 4 hours |