The Effect of the COVID-19 on Patient Preferences and Decision Making for Obstructive Urinary Stone Interventions

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this study, the investigators aim to evaluate the intervention preferences of patients with obstructive urinary stones who are suitable for operation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary aim is to compare and evaluate the preferences compared to the pre-pandemic period and to gain a perspective on how the decision-making process has changed from the patient's point of view. Thus, by trying to understand how the COVID-19 epidemic affects the treatment choice decisions of patients, the investigators aim to determine how the state of anxiety changes these preferences.

Detailed Description
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The transformative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare use remains an open question. At the onset of the pandemic, policies to limit transmission were adopted, including stay-at-home decisions, social distancing, and postponing elective surgery. Such policies have contributed to reduced emergency room admissions, increased concern about COVID-19, and hospital systems have had to prioritize emergency intervention. Obstructive urolithiasis is a clinical condition that usually causes severe flank pain and causes emergency admission. It is still unclear how the epidemic impairs the treatment pathways of the obstructive urolithiasis that contributes to the emergency room visit. Treatment options range from observation and medical expulsive therapy to operative interventions such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patient preference, stone characteristics and comorbidities are of great importance in decision making. However, since obstructive ureteral stones that cannot be resolved spontaneously can cause irreversible renal parenchymal damage and obstructive pyelonephritis in a short time, the option of operation is always prioritized. Patient perspectives on how COVID-19 is changing healthcare use and decision-making still remain unclear. In our study, the investigators plan to record patient treatment preferences by explaining in detail how and where treatment options will be applied, success and complication rates for patients diagnosed with obstructive urolithiasis and suitable for intervention in the outpatient clinic. In addition, when evaluating patient preferences, the investigators foresee to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic process has changed compared to before. It is planned that our study will have a patient-centered approach with detailed oral and written information in outpatient clinic conditions.

Official Title
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The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Preferences and Decision Making for Obstructive Urinary Stone Interventions

Conditions
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Urinary Stone, Urinary Calculi, Covid19

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: COVID-19 Pandemic


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Obstructive Urinary Stone Exclusion Criteria: Previous operation for urinary stone Presence of bladder stone Presence of stent in the ureter Previous radiotherapy to the pelvic and abdominal region Pregnancy Neurological disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| COVID-19 Urinary Stone<br>Patients diagnosed with obstructive urinary stones in the COVID-19 period | Behavioral: COVID-19 Pandemic<br>* Comparison of the intervention preferences of patients diagnosed with obstructive urinary stones in the urology clinic and recommended for intervention during and before COVID-19<br>|
| PreCOVID-19 Urinary Stone<br>Patients diagnosed with obstructive urinary stones in the preCOVID-19 period | Behavioral: COVID-19 Pandemic<br>* Comparison of the intervention preferences of patients diagnosed with obstructive urinary stones in the urology clinic and recommended for intervention during and before COVID-19<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Rates of interventions preferred by patients | Rates of interventions preferred by patients for obstructive urinary stones | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Urinary stone, Obstructive stone, Covid19, Stone surgery