Smoking Cessation in NYC

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators tested the feasibility of a culturally and linguistically sensitive smoking cessation program with combined counseling and pharmacological components for Chinese smokers in New York City; identified factors and techniques that enhance the administration and appropriateness of the intervention program; and examined the effectiveness of this program on quit attempts, quit rates, and overall smoking reduction.

Official Title
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A Feasibility Study of Culturally Tailored Smoking Cessation for Chinese Smokers in New York City

Conditions
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Smoking Cessation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: individualized counselor-led MI sessions
* Behavioral: general health education session
* Behavioral: NRT


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Primary eligibility criterion for inclusion in the study cohort was current smoking status. Other inclusion criteria were: self-identification as ethnic Chinese, aged 18 years and older, having smoked or puffed on a cigarette during the previous week, willingness to participate in the smoking cessation study, access to a functional telephone, expected presence in the study geographic area for a year or more, and not having been enrolled in the past or at the current time in any smoking cessation treatment programs. Exclusion Criteria: being currently pregnant and having had a recent diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 110 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: individualized counselor-led MI sessions and NRT<br>The intervention (4 individualized counselor-led MI sessions and nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) consisted of four 60-min in-person sessions of AMI counseling and a packet of self-help smoking cessation materials. Participants were provided NRT packs and counseled on their use. | Behavioral: individualized counselor-led MI sessions<br>* Intervention consisted of four 60-min in-person sessions of AMI counseling and a packet of self help smoking cessation materials.<br>Behavioral: NRT<br>* nicotine replacement therapy<br>|
| Active Comparator: general health education, self-help materials, and NRT<br>Participants in this condition were provided with four in-person 60-min health education sessions and packets of general health self-help information, nutrition, exercise, and the harmful effects of tobacco. Strategies for quitting smoking were also provided to participants in this group as well as a supply of NRT and counseling on its use. | Behavioral: general health education session<br>* four in-person 60-min health education sessions and packets of general health self-help information, nutrition, exercise, and the harmful effects of tobacco.<br>Behavioral: NRT<br>* nicotine replacement therapy<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change in smoking behavior | participants were asked whether they had smoked or had a puff on a cigarette and the number of cigarettes smoked in the past 7 days at multiple assessment points. | baseline, 1 week, 1, 3, and 6-month | 
| change in Carbon monoxide (CO) concentration | CO, a biomarker of smoking status, was assessed at baseline and 6-m follow up | baseline, 6-month follow-up | 
| change in the stages of smoking cessation | According to Prochaska and DiClemente ' s Stages of Change model, the stages are: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. It's an ordinal variable that measured at multiple assessment points | baseline, 1 week, 1, 3, and 6-month |