Comparing Consistency of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus and QuantiFERON-TB Gold for Latent Tuberculosis in Dialysis Population

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In patients receiving long term dialysis, using new generation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus can have less result variability in inter-experiment and serial follow up in comparing with QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube.

Detailed Description
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Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, there were 9 million new TB cases and 1.5 million related deaths in 2013. Future control strategies include early treatment for preventing transmission and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) for reducing reactivation. Patients with renal failure undergoing dialysis have increased risk of TB due to attenuated cellular immunity. For instance, their risk of developing active TB in the dialysis population is 7.8-25 times higher than that of the general population. However, TB diagnosis is usually delayed because of frequent extra-pulmonary manifestations. Thus, LTBI detection in this specific group is important. Positive results of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) and the exclusion of active TB are the current diagnostic bases of LTBI, which is a precursor of tuberculosis reactivation. However, recent reports show a high negative reversion rate of quantiFERON Gold In-tube (QFT-GIT), a kind of IGRA, in cohorts of health care workers (33% after 18 weeks) close TB contacts (35% after six months), and patients receiving long-term dialysis (46% after six months). This phenomenon questions the clinical significance of a single positive IGRA result. Increasing the IGRA threshold or doing serial follow-up to improve specificity have both been suggested but there is no comparison by the risk of TB development. Therefore, increasing the accuracy and stability and then improving the rate of negative conversion from positive IGRA results are very important. Currently, new generation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus includes two tubes for CD4 and CD8 T cells response, which can indicate TB immune response more specifically. The investigators applied this project to compare the performance of diagnosing LTBI by QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus in comparing QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube.

Official Title
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Comparing Consistency of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus and QuantiFERON-TB Gold for Latent Tuberculosis in Dialysis Population

Conditions
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Patients on Dialysis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Examination of latent TB by QuantiFERON-TB


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age ≧ 20 years Receiving long term dialysis Exclusion Criteria: Having tuberculosis previously

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Dialysis group<br>Patient receiving long term dialysis | Other: Examination of latent TB by QuantiFERON-TB<br>* Examination of latent TB by QuantiFERON-TB both QFT-plus QFT-GIT<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| percentage of positive QFT | Compare the results of QFT-plus and QFT-GIT | 1 week | 
| percentage of positive QFT change | Compare the change of the QFT-plus and QFT-GIT report by serial follow up | 1 week and 1 year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| percentage of occurrence of active TB | anticipated 2 years | 2 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Latent tuberculosis infection, dialysis