Self-Management Interventions for Chronic Pain Relief With Cancer Survivors

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Cancer survivors who suffer from chronic pain would benefit from a low-cost, self-management intervention they can use at home. This study will evaluate the efficacy of a recorded hypnosis intervention in reducing chronic pain among cancer survivors and will explore its biological and psychological mechanisms.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate if a 4-week recorded hypnosis intervention (RHI) works for reducing chronic pain in 100 adult cancer survivors who have completed active treatment. The RHI will be compared to an attention control condition (relaxation recording). qEEG measurement will be obtained while listening to the RHI at weeks 0, 2, and 4 to explore if brain states are related to hypnotic analgesia during the 4-week study period in 20 study participants. The study has the following specific aims: Aim 1: Does the RHI work? Evaluate the efficacy of RHI in reducing self-reported pain intensity (primary outcome), pain interference, anxiety, depression, fatigue and sleep disturbance (secondary outcomes) at 4 weeks compared to the attention control condition (relaxation recording). Hypothesis: RHI will significantly reduce pain intensity, pain interference, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance at 4 weeks. Aim 2: For whom does the RHI work? Examine if psychological factors (hypnotic suggestibility, mental absorption, treatment outcome expectancy, fear of cancer recurrence, resilience, self-efficacy) influence the relationship between RHI and pain intensity at weeks 0, 2, and 4. Aim 3: How does the RHI work? a. Compare brain activity as measured by electroencephalogram (EEG) in cancer survivors with chronic pain (n=30) receiving the RHI relative to the attention control condition (relaxation recording) at weeks 0, 2, and 4. b. Explore the effects of brain activity on pain intensity at weeks 0, 2, and 4. In addition, structured interviews will be conducted with participants to understand facilitators and barriers associated with undergoing EEG at three time points and perceptions on how the intervention works to reduce pain.

Official Title
-----------------
Efficacy and Mechanistic Testing of a Self-Management Intervention for Managing Chronic Pain With Cancer Survivors

Conditions
-----------------
Chronic Pain

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Recorded Hypnosis Intervention
* Behavioral: Recorded Relaxation Intervention


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: self-reporting moderate or higher pain on average during the last week (> 3 on a 0-10 pain intensity numeric scale) self-reporting experiencing pain at least half of the days in the past 4 weeks self-reporting chronic pain related to cancer or its treatment completed active cancer treatment other than maintenance therapy being > 18 years of age functional fluency in English mentally and physically able to participate and complete surveys Exclusion Criteria: • has a psychiatric condition or symptoms (i.e., diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia or active paranoid delusional thoughts, as determined via a telephone or in-person screening assessment) that would interfere with study participation. Exclusion Criteria for Optional EEG Measurement: a history of seizure condition within the last year a significant brain injury or skull defect a history of brain cancer.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Randomized Controlled Trial
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention Group<br>Participants will use the recorded hypnosis intervention (RHI) at home for 28 days. | Behavioral: Recorded Hypnosis Intervention<br>* The RHI consists of four digital recordings developed by the investigator using standardized hypnosis scripts for pain reduction and uploaded to a MP3 player. The scripts were developed for patients with chronic pain and tested by a psychologist who is an expert in hypnosis research. Participants will listen to the recordings daily for 28 days in the prescribed order (4 recordings for 3 days each, and then any recording for the remaining 16 days). The script includes an induction, suggestions for how to access inner resources and manage pain, and post-hypnotic suggestions for permanence of hypnosis benefits and self-hypnosis practice.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Attention Control Group<br>Participants will use a recorded relaxation intervention at home for 28 days. | Behavioral: Recorded Relaxation Intervention<br>* The recorded relaxation intervention consists of four digital recordings developed by the investigator using standardized relaxation scripts and uploaded to a MP3 player. Participants will listen to the recordings daily for 28 days in the prescribed order (4 recordings for 3 days each, and then any recording for the remaining 16 days).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Pain Intensity | The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) v.1.0, 1a - Pain Intensity; minimum value 0, maximum value 10; a lower score indicates a better outcome. A change between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (4 weeks) scores is reported. | Pre- to Post-treatment (4 weeks) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Pain Interference | The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) Pain Interference Short Form 4v1.1 scores were converted to T-scores. T-scores of 50 indicates the U.S. population mean with a standard deviation of 10. A lower score indicates less pain interference. A change between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (4 weeks) scores is reported. | Pre- to Post-treatment (4 weeks) | 
| Change in Anxiety | The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) Anxiety Short Form 4v1 scores were converted to T-scores. T-scores of 50 indicates the U.S. population mean with a standard deviation of 10. A lower score indicates less anxiety. A change between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (4 weeks) scores is reported. | Pre- to Post-treatment (4 weeks) | 
| Change in Depression | The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) Depression Short Form 4v1 scores were converted to T-scores. T-scores of 50 indicates the U.S. population mean with a standard deviation of 10. A lower score indicates less depression. A change between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (4 weeks) scores is reported. | Pre- to Post-treatment (4 weeks) | 
| Change in Fatigue | The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) Fatigue Short Form 4v1 scores were converted to T-scores. T-scores of 50 indicates the U.S. population mean with a standard deviation of 10. A lower score indicates less fatigue. A change between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (4 weeks) scores is reported. | Pre- to Post-treatment (4 weeks) | 
| Change in Sleep Disturbance | The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) Sleep Disturbance Short Form 4v1 scores were converted to T-scores. T-scores of 50 indicates the U.S. population mean with a standard deviation of 10. A lower score indicates less sleep disturbance. A change between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (4 weeks) scores is reported. | Pre- to Post-treatment (4 weeks) |