Effects of Urban Afforestation Activity on Mood, Stress, and Anxiety

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This single-group pretest-posttest clinical trial aims to evaluate the effects of a single-session afforestation activity on mood, stress, and anxiety in a sample of adults.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The participants will perform an afforestation activity for a single session of 90 minutes. The therapist will direct the participants' attention to the visual, auditory, olfactory, and tactile features of the surrounding environment.

Official Title
-----------------
Effects of an Urban Afforestation Activity on Mood, Stress, and Anxiety of Adults

Conditions
-----------------
Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Urban Afforestation Program


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Adults between 18 and 65 years. Any sex and gender. Exclusion Criteria: Intake of any psychotropic medication. Other severe or medically unstable diseases that may interfere with participation. Severe cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination score < 17 out of 30 points). Severe mental disorders in the acute phase or symptomatic phase. Severe intellectual disability. Behavioural alterations as this may interfere with their participation.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Urban Afforestation Group<br>Participants will perform an afforestation activity with a duration of 90 minutes. | Other: Urban Afforestation Program<br>* An afforestation program based on land cultivation and transplantation of several plants for 90 minutes will be implemented.<br>* Other names: Afforestation activity;|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mood | The Spanish adaptation of the 30-item Short Form of the Profile of Mood States will be utilised. There are five questions situated under each mood factor of Anger, Fatigue, Vigour, Friendliness, Tension, and Depressed Mood, which will be rated on a five-point scale starting from 0 indicating not at all up to 4 indicating a lot to evaluate the current feelings. Higher scores on the vigour and friendliness subscale indicate more positive mood, and higher scores on the remaining subscales indicate more negative mood. | Change from baseline the total mood disturbance after 90 minutes. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| State stress | The perceived stress will be assessed by the 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale, where endpoints are labelled as None and As bad as it could be from left to right. The scale will yield a single quantitative variable regarded as the state stress score, which is measured by the distance between the far-left end and the participant's mark on the line in millimetres. Lower scores indicate less stress at the moment. | Change from baseline state stress after 90 minutes. | 
| State anxiety | The 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale for state anxiety will be employed. The endpoints of the scale are labelled as None and As bad as it could be from left to right. The distance in millimetres between the far-left end and the participant's mark will be regarded as the state anxiety score. Lower scores indicate less anxiety at the moment. | Change from baseline state anxiety after 90 minutes. | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Mental health, Green spaces, Nature-based activities, Urban afforestation, Horticultural therapy, Mood, Stress, Anxiety