Infectious Etiology of Vomiting in Children With Presumed Acute Gastroenteritis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), vomiting often precedes diarrhea. To establish the diagnosis of AGE, enteropathogen detection typically relies on diarrheal stool samples. However, testing requires sufficient stool sample, which may not be easily available. Recent studies suggest that in children presenting to emergency departments with presumed AGE with isolated vomiting, an enteropathogen can be identified using rectal swabs and molecular diagnostic tests. The rate of enteropathogen detection in children with isolated vomiting due to AGE may differ in various populations. Using rectal swabs and molecular diagnostic tests, we plan to assess the proportion of children with isolated vomiting with presumed AGE in whom an enteropathogen can be identified. This will be a prospective cohort study. Children younger than 5 years with presence of ≥3 episodes of vomiting due to presumed AGE, lasting no longer than 7 days before enrolment, will be recruited. A total of 198 participants will be recruited and a rectal swab will be collected. The participants will be contacted 14 days after enrollment to complete a survey regarding symptoms experienced during that period and to identify any additional clinical care.

Official Title
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Infectious Etiology of Vomiting in Children With Presumed Acute Gastroenteritis in the Absence of Diarrhea

Conditions
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Acute Gastroenteritis, Vomiting

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: rectal swab


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age 0-5-year-old presence of ≥3 episodes of vomiting due to presumed AGE at inclusion <7 days of symptoms at the time of inclusion signed written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: anticipated inability to complete 14 days follow-up history of neutropenia (as rectal swabs are contraindicated) critically ill status requiring urgent medical intervention inability to provide a rectal swab for testing chronic gastrointestinal tract disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis, coeliac disease immunodeficiency

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: rectal swab|rectal swab|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The proportion of children with isolated vomiting with presumed AGE in whom an enteropathogen can be identified. |  | immediately after the procedure | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Types of pathogens detected based on presenting symptoms |  | immediately after the procedure | 
| The proportion of children with isolated vomiting with alternative diagnosis |  | immediately after procedure | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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acute gastroenteritis, children, vomiting, enteropathogens