Nutrition and Constipation at Inguinal Hernia Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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There are lots of inguinal hernia risk factors determined in the literature. But the relationship between nutritional status and inguinal hernia were not examined yet. In this study the investigators evaluated the constipation scale and food consumption of the inguinal hernia patients. This Case-Control study was performed between March 2018- March 2019. The patients who admitted for operation with inguinal hernia were the case group (n:115) and the patients who were admitted to the same hospital without inguinal hernia were control group (n:88). The age, body mass index, alcohol and smoking habits, daily activity, frequency of food consumption and the Wexner constipation scoring were examined using questionnaire were noted.

Detailed Description
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Inguinal hernia is the most common type of abdominal wall hernias and the prevalence is estimated as 5-10% in United States. Although many risk factors have been defined for inguinal hernia, family history of inguinal hernia has been reported to be one of the most important factors. In addition to this, advanced age, male gender, smoking, chronic cough causing intraabdominal pressure increase, and chronic constipation are the risk factors. The hernias may recur according to the causes they originate from the reasons they originate in the early or late period after treatment.In this study, constipation and nutritional status of inguinal hernia patients were evaluated and it was aimed to examine the relationship between inguinal hernia and nutrition which has not been previously evaluated in the literature. This Case-Control study was performed between March 2018- March 2019. The patients who admitted to the general surgery for operation with inguinal hernia were the case group of this study (n:115). Also, the patients who were admitted to the same hospital with such as eye, ear/nose/throat, dermatologic diseases or elective surgeries and did not have any inguinal hernia complaints, constipation and other chronic disease which could increase the intra abdominal pressure selected as control group (n:88). Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. The numbers of cases and controls were matched based gender and age in each group. The age, gender, body mass index, alcohol and smoking habits, daily activity, frequency of food consumption and the constipation scoring according to Wexner constipation scoring were examined using questionnaire. The demographic data, nutritional status and the constipation scores were compared among individuals to identify differences between these two groups.

Official Title
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Nutritional Status and Constipation Scoring for Inguinal Hernia Patients; A Case-Control Study.

Conditions
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Nutrition, Constipation, Inguinal Hernia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Nutritional and constipation questionnaire


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: - Clinical diagnosis of Inguinal Hernia Exclusion Criteria: Cancer Pregnancy Chronic liver diseases Previous abdominal surgery history Femoral hernia Bilateral inguinal hernia Weight loss above the 20% of the body weight in the last 6 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Group 1: Case group,<br>The patients who admitted to the general surgery for operation with inguinal hernia were the case group of this study. | Other: Nutritional and constipation questionnaire<br>* Alcohol and smoking habits, daily activity, frequency of food consumption and the constipation scoring according to Agachan et all. were examined using questionnaire<br>|
| Group 2: Control group,<br>The patients who were admitted to the same hospital with such as eye, ear/nose/throat, dermatologic diseases or elective surgeries and did not have any inguinal hernia complaints, constipation and other chronic disease which could increase the intra abdominal pressure selected as control group. | Other: Nutritional and constipation questionnaire<br>* Alcohol and smoking habits, daily activity, frequency of food consumption and the constipation scoring according to Agachan et all. were examined using questionnaire<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Nutritional frequency | Food consumption questionnaire with; Daily cheese consumption (gram) Daily red meat consumption (gram) Daily chicken consumption (gram) Daily fish consumption (gram) Daily salami- sausage consumption (gram) Daily giblets (Liver, kidney etc.) consumption (gram) Daily egg consumption (gram) Daily nuts consumption (gram) Daily legumes consumption (gram) Daily bread consumption (gram) Daily rice-pasta consumption (gram) Daily vegetable consumption (gram) Daily fruit consumption (gram) Daily fastfood consumption (gram) | 1 week | 
| Physical activity | Regular physical activity (minute/week) | 1 week | 
| Smoking and alcohol use | Number of daily cigarette usage Glass of daily alcohol use | 1 week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Constipation scoring | Constipation scoring according to Wexner constipation scale with a 8 question questionnaire. First seven questions have 0 to 4 point and the last question has 0 to 2 point in the scoring system. All of these points summed and the minimum and maximum total score is 0 to 30. In this scoring system total score which is above 15 point is significant for constipation. | 1 week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Nutrition, Constipation, Hernia