Cue-Reward Learning and Weight Gain in Youth

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The objective of the study is to compare children at low risk for obesity (two healthy weight parents) to children at high risk for obesity (two overweight parents) in their response rate to food taste and in their rate of learning using fMRI.

Detailed Description
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The primary aim of this project is to conduct an adequately powered study that compares children at low risk for obesity to children at high risk for obesity on their brain responses to food tastes during a pavlovian learning task. Seven assessment visits will be conducted at three separate time points; baseline, 1-year follow up, and 2-year follow up. Assessments will include anthropometry, interviews, computer tasks, questionnaires, and an fMRI scan. This program of research tests a novel hypothesis regarding overeating and the development of obesity in children, and could provide critical data on individual vulnerabilities to overeating for further research. Furthermore, this study could provide mechanisms for intervention with regards to cue-reward learning in children, to ultimately prevent obesity in youth.

Official Title
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Cue-Reward Learning and Weight Gain in Youth

Conditions
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Obesity, Overweight

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Functional MRI


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy weight children between the ages of 8 and 11 Years BMI 5-75th percentile Child must be right-handed Child must be willing to participate in an fMRI scan Either two biological parents who are overweight/obese or no biological parents that are overweight/obese One biological parent willing to bring child to assessment visits Child and participating parent Fluent in English for speaking, reading, and writing Child must like cheese pizza and chocolate milkshake Exclusion Criteria: Child overweight (BMI≥85th percentile) Child diagnoses of a serious chronic physical disease (e.g., diabetes) for which physician supervision of diet and exercise prescription are needed Child who is taking medications that may impact brain responses (can take kids who are stable on meds) Child with MRI contraindications (presence of metallic foreign object or device in body, piercings that cannot be removed, tattooed permanent makeup that contain metal, braces, head trauma, claustrophobia, use of Bigen permanent hair dye) Child with an active eating disorder (reported on EDE interview) or with first degree relative with Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa Cognitive impairment or disability determined through parent and child self-report measures, and parent reported child individual education plan Vision problems uncorrectable with lenses Food allergies related to cheese pizza, chocolate milkshake, or the snack foods used in the study Menarche in female participants at time of enrollment Children scoring within the midpubertal range or higher based on the Pubertal Development Scale

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 8 Years
Maximum Age: 11 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Children at high-risk for obesity<br>Healthy-weight children (5th-75thBMI%) with two overweight/obese parents (BMI>25) | Other: Functional MRI<br> <br> |
| Children at low-risk for obesity<br>Healthy-weight children (5th-75thBMI%) with two healthy-weight parents (BMI = 18-24.9) | Other: Functional MRI<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cue-reward learning | Whether rate of the shift in BOLD response from food cue to neutral cue is different between high and low-risk children | Baseline only | 
| Reward Sensitivity | Whether the BOLD response to food cue differs between high and low-risk children | Baseline only | 
| Weight gain | Whether rate of cue reward and reward sensitivity predict weight gain | Change from baseline at an average of 12 months and 24 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Overweight, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Weight, Brain imaging, Child, Learning