Pilot Study to Test Dietary Fat Delivery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The average American diet consumed by a significant proportion of the adult population, supplies excessive calories and large amounts of saturated fat. Saturated fats can be cleared and used in skeletal muscle, but in obese individuals, biomarkers of saturated fat are found in the blood, along with markers of poor muscle metabolism. Both fats and amino acids are processed by the same metabolic pathways in muscle, and the investigators hypothesize that meals with greater amounts of saturated fat slow muscle metabolism. A better understanding of the interaction of these to metabolites will allow for the development of future medications to treat muscle loss in sick individuals and the elderly.

Detailed Description
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This study includes two parts, a baseline study and a three-week dietary study. The baseline study will be performed to test how the body absorbs and stores meal fat after a meal. In the three-week dietary study, the subjects will consume only the meals provided by the investigators for three weeks before the tests, and then participate in a hospital stay. The three-week dietary study is to test the chronic effect of a high fat diet on how body absorbs and stores the fat.

Official Title
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Pilot Study to Test Dietary Fat Delivery

Conditions
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Insulin Resistance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: high-fat diet


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Lean/insulin sensitive (n=10, BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2 and glucose infusion > 4.0 mg/min)) Overweight/obese insulin resistant (n=10, BMI 26-35 and glucose infusion < 4.0 mg/min) 30-50 years of age Men and pre-menopausal women Exclusion Criteria: Insulin resistance is defined by insulin clamp as the rate of glucose infusion ≤ 4.0 mg/min. BMI over 35 kg/m2 Abnormal thyroid function, kidney or liver disease Uncontrolled hypertension, or occasional or regular smoker, use of medications or supplements that interfere with lipid, protein, or carbohydrate metabolism Pregnancy (urine test), breast feeding an infant, or anemia Alcohol intake: Males >140 g/week, Females > 70 g/week. Fasting plasma triglycerides >300 mg/dL. Extreme hypertriglyceridemia could be due to either elevations in very low-density lipoproteins or chylomicrons, either of which would impair our ability to resolve dietary metabolic processes. Need to consume acetaminophen-containing medications on a regular basis.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 30 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Healthy<br>Not insulin resistant | Other: high-fat diet<br>* Subjects consume a high-fat diet for three weeks before the in-hospital stay.<br>|
| Insulin resistant<br>Insulin resistant by an insulin clamp | Other: high-fat diet<br>* Subjects consume a high-fat diet for three weeks before the in-hospital stay.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Meal fat absorption and storage | Meal fat absorption and storage are measured using stable isotopes administration into sequential meals (breakfast and lunch). Analysis of plasma and muscle samples. | Change in meal fat concentration in body tissues 8 h after two high-fat meals. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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stable isotopes, triacylglycerol