Surfactant for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome at High Altitude Areas:a Prospective Cohort Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The traditional concept believes that the etiology of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is immature development of lung,especially the surfactant synthesis system,and RDS is still one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in newborns, especially premature infants.In recent years, using pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy (PS treatment) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major breakthrough in neonatal medicine.Combined with clinical practice and experience,and through Meta analysis of related randomized controlled trials (RCTs),it confirms that natural surfactant treatment can reduce mortality,the incidence of pulmonary air leaks (pneumothorax and interstitial lung emphysema),and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or 28-day-old mortality.For RDS in preterm infants whose gestation is <35 weeks ,surfactant replacement therapy is also more effective than in nearly term and full term infants.Therefore, in the analysis of cases of different gestational age groups,the investigators should focus on the study of premature infants cases.Due to less relevant research for using PS treatment to cure newborn RDS in high altitude area,this retrospective study conducts statistics and analysis of recently three-year cases in some hospital of high altitude area,to explore the treatment effect of the high altitude region and the impact of altitude on the treatment.

Detailed Description
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in order to explore feasibility and efficacy for PS treatment of newborn RDS in high-altitude area ,and its efficacy at different altitudes, the investigators conduct a multi-center retrospective study of RDS cases in Qinghai and Tibet these two high-altitude area,and use RDS cases under the unique conditions to do statistics and analysis.

Official Title
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Surfactant for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome at High Altitude Areas:a Prospective Cohort Study

Conditions
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Surfactant

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: surfactant


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: the preterm infants less than 37 weeks were included in the study;diagnosed with NRDS Exclusion Criteria: parents' rejecting to join;major congenital abnormalities

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 10 Minutes
Maximum Age: 1 Day

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Drug: surfactant|surfactant is given when neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is diagnosed|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) | the incidence of BPD in infants with neonatal neonatal RDS | before discharge or 36 weeks' gestational age | 
| death | the incidence of BPD in infants with neonatal RDS | before discharge or 36 weeks' gestational age | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| intraventriclular hemorrhage(IVH) | the incidence of IVH in infants with neonatal RDS | before discharge or 36 weeks' gestational age | 
| necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) | the incidence of NEC in infants with neonatal RDS | before discharge or 36 weeks' gestational age |