Roasted Pulse Snacks, Post-prandial Food Intake, Appetite, and Glycemia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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An investigation on the effects of roasted pulse snacks on post-prandial glycemic and satiety response in healthy young adults.

Detailed Description
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An acute, randomized, controlled cross-over trial examining the post-prandial glycemic and satiety response to six snacks will be conducted. The study treatments are: 1) roasted corn nuts, 2) roasted chickpeas, 3) roasted yellow peas, 4) roasted pinto beans 5) roasted soybeans, and 6) roasted almonds. They will be matched for calorie content and provided in 200 kcal servings.

Official Title
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A Comparison of Roasted Pulse Snacks on Post-prandial Food Intake, Appetite, and Glycemic Response in Healthy Young Adults

Conditions
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Normal Weight, Overweight, Normoglycemic

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Corn nuts
* Other: Chickpeas
* Other: Yellow peas
* Other: Pinto beans
* Other: Soybeans
* Other: Almonds


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI: ≥18.5 and ≤29.9 kg/m2 Fasting serum glucose: ≤5.5 mmol/L Exclusion Criteria: Fasting serum glucose > 5.5 mmol/L Smoking Thyroid problems Previous history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver or kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, short bowel syndrome, any malabsorptive syndrome, pancreatitis, gallbladder or biliary disease Presence of a gastrointestinal disorder or surgeries within the past year Consuming prescription or non-prescription drug, herbal or nutritional supplements known to affect blood glucose or that could affect the outcome of the study as per investigator's judgment Known to be pregnant or lactating Known intolerance, sensitivity or allergy to any ingredients in the study products. Extreme dietary habits (i.e. Atkins diet, very high protein diets, etc.) Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) Weight gain or loss of at least 10lbs in previous three months Excessive alcohol intake Restrained Eaters (identified by Eating Habits Questionnaire)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Randomized, controlled cross-over acute trial
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Roasted snacks<br>Corn nuts | Other: Corn nuts<br>* Roasted corn nut snack<br>|
| Experimental: Roasted chickpeas<br>Chickpeas | Other: Chickpeas<br>* Roasted chickpea snack<br>|
| Experimental: Roasted yellow peas<br>Yellow peas | Other: Yellow peas<br>* Roasted yellow pea snack<br>|
| Experimental: Roasted pinto beans<br>Pinto beans | Other: Pinto beans<br>* Roasted pinto bean snack<br>|
| Experimental: Roasted soybeans<br>Soybeans | Other: Soybeans<br>* Roasted soybean snack<br>|
| Experimental: Roasted almonds<br>Almonds | Other: Almonds<br>* Roasted almond snack<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Food intake | Ab libitum meal | At 60 min | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Subjective appetite | Measured by VAS questionnaire at 12 time points used to calculate area under the curve | 0-200 min | 
| Blood glucose concentrations | Measured in blood using a glucometer at 12 time points and used to calculate area under the curve | 0-200 min | 
| Physical comfort | Measured by VAS questionnaire at 12 time points to calculate area under the curve | 0-200 min | 
| Energy and fatigue | Measured by VAS questionnaire at 12 time points to calculate area under the curve | 0-200 min | 
| Palatability of meal | Measured by VAS questionnaire | At 60 min | 
| Palatability of treatment | Measured by VAS questionnaire | At 5 min |