Oral Health in Bariatric Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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As few is known about the oral health of bariatric patients, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear, dental caries and periodontal diseases of obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery in comparison to obese patients without bariatric procedures.

Detailed Description
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The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing since the 1980s. Being associated with several risk factors such as hypertension, hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, obesity presents an immediate and long-term health risk for diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, osteoarthritis and certain forms of cancer. For the control of obesity several therapy options have been developed: Beside conservative treatments including change of diet and lifestyle, bariatric surgery is considered as a promising option for patients with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2). Allowing impressive weight loss from 40 to 80% and effective reduction of comorbidities, bariatric surgery shows some negative/adverse effects as well, like kidney problems, hyperparathyroidism, anemia and metabolic bone diseases. For oral health, two facts are particularly important to consider: Firstly, chronic regurgitation reaching the oral cavity is an important risk factor for erosive tooth wear which initially appear as smooth silky-shining glazed surfaces. Further progress is often associated with hypersensitivities and aesthetic deficits. Over time, often substantial loss can been observed, provoking hypersensitivities and aesthetic deficits. Secondly, depending on the type of bariatric surgery, pronounced postoperative metabolic and nutritional changes can be observed which also might influence oral health. Aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear, dental caries and periodontal diseases of obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery in comparison to obese patients without bariatric procedures.

Official Title
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Oral Health in Bariatric Patients

Conditions
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Bariatric Surgery Candidate, Adiposity, Dental Diseases

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age ≥ 18 years BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 without or after bariatric surgery Exclusion Criteria: refusal for participation age <18 years BMI <25 kg/m2

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| obese patients after bariatric surgery<br>obese adults (≥ 18 years) who underwent bariatric surgery | |
| obese adultes without bariatric surgery<br>obese adults (≥ 18 years) who did not underwent bariatric surgery at the time of the examination | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - attachment loss | probing depths (mm) + recessions (mm) | 10-15 Minutes | 
| Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - BOP | BOP (Bleeding on probing, %) as indicator of inflammation | 2 Minutes | 
| Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - dental caries | ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System II, 0-6), presence of restaurations/ crowns (yes/no): calculation of DMFT | 2-5 Minutes | 
| Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - erosive tooth wear | BEWE (Basic erosive wear examination, 0-3) | 1-2 Minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - attachment loss | probing depths (mm) + recessions (mm) | 10-15 Min | 
| Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - BOP | BOP (Bleeding on probing, %) as indicator of inflammation | 2 Minutes | 
| Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - dental caries | ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System II, 0-6), presence of restaurations/ crowns (yes/no): calculation of DMFT | 2-5 Minutes | 
| Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - erosive tooth wear | BEWE (Basic erosive wear examination, 0-3) | 1-2 Minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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bariatric surgery, Periodontitis, Caries, erosive tooth wear, Gingivitis, BMI, oral health, obesity