Handy Hygiene of Children: Understanding the Effect of Live Feedback on Handwashing Behavior

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Objective of the randomized controlled trial is to assess the impact of a digital intervention on hand hygiene of young children. Children in intervention kindergartens / elementary schools will see live instructions and feedback on their current hand washing activity while washing hands. We hypothesize that the digital intervention will improve hand hygiene practices of children in kindergarten / elementary school.

Official Title
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Handy Hygiene of Children: Understanding the Effect of Live Feedback on Handwashing Behavior

Conditions
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Hand Hygiene, Handwashing

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Live feedback during handwashing


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: children aged between 2 and 7 years of age children attending kindergarten Exclusion Criteria: none

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 2 Years
Maximum Age: 6 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Live feedback provided on display during handwashing<br> | Other: Live feedback during handwashing<br>* Live feedback provided during handwashing on display<br>|
| No Intervention: No live feedback provided during handwashing<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Main effects of live feedback on handwashing of children | Live feedback is hypothesized to change hand washing activities of children in the short- and long-term. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure). | Up to 3 months | 
| Effect of one-time education session on handwashing of children | One-time educational video is hypothesized to change handwashing activity in the short term but declines with time. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure). | Up to 1 month | 
| Habit formation through live feedback on handwashing of children | Hand washing activities of children are hypothesized to remain changed when live feedback is stopped and in locations where no live feedback is available. Change in hand washing activity is determined with questionnaires for children, parents and educators. | Up to 3 months | 
| Habit formation through live feedback on handwashing of children | Hand washing activities of children are hypothesized to remain changed when live feedback is stopped and in locations where no live feedback is available. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure). | Up to 3 months | 
| Acquisition of competences of children | Live feedback is hypothesized to change competences of children. Change in hand washing activity is determined with questionnaires for children, parents and educators. | Up to 3 months | 
| Acquisition of competences of children | Live feedback is hypothesized to change competences of children. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure). | Up to 3 months | 
| Self-efficacy of children | Live feedback is hypothesized to change self-efficacy of children. To be measured with questionnaires for children, parents and educators. | Up to 3 months | 
| Attitude towards technology of parents | Acquisition of competences perceived by parents is hypothesized to be dependent on their attitude towards digital solutions. To be measured with questionnaires for children, parents and educators. | Up to 3 months |