Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Strain During a Healthy Pregnancy in the First, Second, and Third Trimester.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Pregnancy is a physiological situation that produces transient preload and afterload changes. The heart is subjected to reversible morphological remodelings and hemodynamic and functional adaptations. The characterization and understanding of maternal cardiac function during normal pregnancy by echocardiography 2D is of clinical importance for the opportune recognition of cardiac pathology. This study aims to investigate pregnancy-induced changes in ventricular strain in healthy pregnant women by echocardiography.

Official Title
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Echocardiographic Assessment of Ventricular Strain During a Healthy Pregnancy in the First, Second, and Third Trimester.

Conditions
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Echocardiography, Pregnancy Related Conditions, Unspecified, First Trimester, Pregnancy Related Conditions, Unspecified, Second Trimester, Pregnancy Related Conditions, Unspecified, Third Trimester, Ventricle Remodeling

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: 2D Echocardiography


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age ≥18 years and < 35 Patients who coursing the first trimester of pregnancy No history or symptoms of cardiovascular or lung disease No ongoing or previous cardio or vasoactive treatment Normal ECG Normal physical examination Able to give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Poor acoustic window Obesity in the first trimester (body mass index [BMI], ≥30 kg/m2) Inability to provide consent. Tricuspid regurgitation more than mild Collagen disease Professional sports activity Twin pregnancy Hyperthyroidism

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Diagnostic Test: 2D Echocardiography|In this echocardiographic imaging acquisition protocol, the pregnancy patients, are colocated in the left lateral decubitus position on a clinical bed with the left arm flex and the hand behind the head. All the echocardiographic measurements are taken by the examiner in this position.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Left ventricular telediastolic diameter (LVTDd) | Left ventricular telediastolic diameter (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Left ventricular telesystolic diamete (LVTSd) | Left ventricular telesystolic diameter (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Interventricular septum (IVS) | Diameter of Interventricular septum (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) | Left ventricle posterior wall (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Ejection fraction (EF) | Ejection fraction (%) | 3 minutes | 
| Right atrium area (RA area) | Right atrium area (cm2) | 3 minutes | 
| Right ventricle B | Right ventricle basal dimension (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Right ventricular M | Right ventricle mid cavity dimension (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Right ventricular L | Right ventricle longitudinal dimension (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Right ventricle outflow tract dimension at the proximal subvalvular level (RVOT p) | Right ventricle outflow tract dimension at the proximal subvalvular level (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Right ventricle outflow tract dimension at the distal or pulmonic valve level (RVOT d) | Right ventricle outflow tract dimension at the distal or pulmonic valve level (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) | Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Right ventricle free wall (RV free wall) | Right ventricle free wall (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Inferior cava vein (ICV) | Inferior cava vein (mm) | 3 minutes | 
| Left atrium volume index (LA volume index) | Left atrium volume index (mL/m2) | 3 minutes | 
| E mitr | Mitral E wave (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| A mitr | Mitral A wave (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| E/A mitr | Mitral E wave / Mitral A wave | 3 minutes | 
| Sm | S-wave at mitral anulus (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| Em | E-wave at mitral annulus (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| Am | A-wave at mitral annulus (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| Em/Am | E-wave at mitral annulus/ A-wave at mitral annulus | 3 minutes | 
| E/Em | E wave/ E-wave at the mitral annulus | 3 minutes | 
| E tric | Tricuspid E wave (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| A tric (cm/s) | Tricuspid A wave (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| E/A tric | Tricuspid E wave/Tricuspid A wave | 3 minutes | 
| St | S-wave at tricuspid anulus(cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| Et | E-wave at tricuspid anulus(cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| At | A-wave at tricuspid anulus (cm/s) | 3 minutes | 
| Et/At | E-wave at tricuspid anulus /A-wave at tricuspid anulus | 3 minutes | 
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) | Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 3 minutes | 
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) | Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 3 minutes | 
| Stroke volume (SV) | Stroke volume (mL) | 3 minutes | 
| Cardiac output (CO) | Cardiac output (L/min) | 3 minutes | 
| Strain right ventricle (Strain RV) | Strain right ventricle | 3 minutes | 
| Strain left ventricle (Strain LV) | Strain left ventricle | 3 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Strain ventricular, Pregnancy, Ventricular function