Vibrational-proprioceptive Resistance Exercise Training Versus Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training in Elderly People With Muscle Weakness

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Study the structural behaviours of weak muscle of elderly and evaluate the efficiency of two different types of training.

Conditions
-----------------
Muscle Weakness Condition, Therapy Effect

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Device: Vibrational-proprioceptive Resistance Exercise Training
* Device: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: age related muscle weakness age between 65-85 years all inclusion criterias must be fullfilled Exclusion Criteria: recent hip or knee endp-prosthesis (within last 2 years), longstanding immobility body mass index greater than 40 acute thrombosis in lower extremity (within last 3 weeks) severe articular effusion acute infection known myopathy relevant neurological diseases with gait disorders (e.g. poly neuropathy, Parkinson's disease) dementia, impaired cognitive abilities diseases of the vestibular system causing vertigo or impairing balance symptomatic cardio pulmonal diseases within the last 6 months not or insufficient treated hypertonia rheumatic diseases other relevant functional impairment of the musculo-skeletal system caused by surgery, trauma or degenerative diseases pain in the lower extremity (VAS > 5) if one of the above criteria applies the subject will be excluded from the study

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Legpress<br>Subjects in the LP group train on a custom built, computer controlled, linear electric motor powered leg press device. The so called swinging vibrational-proprioceptive mode is used, which means that constant velocity of the pedals (0.3 m/s and 0.2 m/s for concentric and eccentric phase, respectively) are interrupted by short stops (every 8 mm), resulting in short force peaks appearing throughout the movement. Training load is progressively increased throughout the training. | Device: Vibrational-proprioceptive Resistance Exercise Training<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: E-Stim<br>ES training is performed with a custom-built battery-powered stimulator. The subject are seated over the edge of the therapeutic table with the trunk upright and lower legs freely swinging. Two conductive rubber electrodes covered by wet sponge are placed on the anterior thigh on each side of the body. The electrode pairs are connected to the independent channels of the stimulator and the left and the right thigh are stimulated in an alternative manner. Each repetition (i.e. ES evoked muscle contraction) is evoked by a 3.5 s train (60 Hz) of electrical pulses (rectangular, biphasic, width 0.6 ms). Consecutive contractions of the same thigh are separated by 4.5 s off intervals. Maximal tolerable intensity should be used and is monitored during the training sessions. In all the subjects this should induce a tetanic contraction of the stimulated muscles. | Device: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training<br> <br> |
| No Intervention: Control<br>This group only perform the same measurements as the intervention groups and lives their live as usual in between. | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Maximum voluntary knee extension torque |  | pre Training, post Training, 3 months post training |