Effect of Virtual Reality Glasses in The Arteriovenous Fistule Cannulation Processon Paın and Patient Satisfaction

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This research was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study aiming to determine the impact of virtual reality glasses used in the AVF process on the pain felt by patients and patient satisfaction.

Detailed Description
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive, irreversible renal disease in which the ability of the body to maintain the balance of metabolism, fluid and electrolytes fails. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the major health problems with an increasing prevalence in the World. Hemodialysis as one of the most common methods of renal replacement therapy is a stressful procedure despite to maintain the survival of patients with chronic kidney disease that permanent and safe vascular access is one of the requirements of a successful hemodialysis. The pain of AVF puncture is common among the patients undergoing HD as acute and chronic pain which reported in more than 82% and 92% of them, respectively. Experience of the arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain can have unpleasant effects on the patients, it causes that hemodialysis patients experience more disability, depression, irritability, and insomnia than other patients in adapting to stress. Experiencing continued pain can also affect the level of hemodialysis acceptance in patients and ultimately decrease quality of life. Therefore, pain control is an important priority in these patients.

Official Title
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Effect of Virtual Reality Headset Glasses Used in The Arteriovenous Fistule Cannulation Processon Paın and Patient Satisfaction

Conditions
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Arteriovenous Fistula

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Study Group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Receiving HD treatment Open to communication Fully oriented Without vision, hearing and perception problems Without any psychiatric illness Without a history of seizures such as epilepsy HD treatment administered via AVF İn the last day, no injection was made into any artery or vein from the place where the intervention will be performed Without any signs of infection such as redness, swelling, open wound in the area where the intervention will be performed Standardized Mini Mental Test value is 24 points and above One-time needle attempt from AV Exclusion Criteria: Refusing to participate in the study under the age of 18 Can't speak Turkish Closed to communication and not fully oriented Visual, hearing and perception problems Any psychiatric illness Having a history of seizures such as epilepsy HD treatment not administered via AVF Injection into any artery or vein from the place where the intervention will be performed in the last day, Any signs of infection such as redness, swelling, open wound in the area to be operated Using any pain medication before the procedure on the same day SMMT value below 24 in patients over 65 years of age Cannulation procedure not performed with a 16 G AVF needle Patients with multiple injections from the AVF

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Prospective, parallel, two-arm, randomized controlled clinical trial
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Virtual Reality Glasses Group<br>The patients in the intervention group were shown a video with virtual reality glasses for an average of 5 minutes, 2 minutes before the start of the AVF cannulation procedure and 3 minutes throughout the procedure. After the AVF cannulation procedure was completed and 10 minutes later, the VAS and Hemodynamic Variables Follow-up Form were reapplied, and the 2nd and 3rd measurements were obtained. Patients' satisfaction was measured with VAS 10 minutes after the procedure. During the application of virtual reality glasses, a screen was pulled between the patients in the intervention and control groups so that there would be no interaction. | Other: Study Group<br>* The patients in the intervention group were shown a video with virtual reality glasses for an average of 5 minutes, 2 minutes before the start of the AVF cannulation procedure and 3 minutes throughout the procedure.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Without any application to the patients in the control group, the AVF cannulation procedure before HD was performed with the constant site-area puncture technique used by the clinic (after the patient was placed in the fowler position, the arterial needle was 3 cm away from the anastomosis at an angle of 20°-45° towards the distal, and the venous needle was from the arterial needle. 3-5 cm more proximal, again at an angle of 20°-45°) was performed by the HD nurse. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd measurements were obtained as in the intervention group. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale | The patient marks a value between 1 and 10 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). As the value increases, the severity of pain increases. | Change from before implementation, immediately after the procedure and after 10 minutes of practice (Virtual Reality Headset Glasses) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood pressure | systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mmHg | Change from before implementation, immediately after the procedure and after 10 minutes of practice (Virtual Reality Headset Glasses) | 
| Heart rate | beats per minute | Change from before implementation, immediately after the procedure and after 10 minutes of practice (Virtual Reality Headset Glasses) | 
| respiratory rate | ekspiration and inspiration per minute | Change from before implementation, immediately after the procedure and after 10 minutes of practice (Virtual Reality Headset Glasses) | 
| peripheral oxygen saturation | %, percentage of oxygenated hemoglobin in peripheral arterial blood | Change from before implementation, immediately after the procedure and after 10 minutes of practice (Virtual Reality Headset Glasses) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Virtual Reality Glasses, Nursing, Pain, Patient Satisfaction