The Turkish Mastication Observation and Evaluation (T-MOE) Instrument

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the T-MOE among pediatric patients with chewing disorders.

Detailed Description
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The purpose of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the T-MOE among pediatric patients with chewing disorders.The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and criterion validity of T-MOE will be investigated. The internal consistency will be assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value with 95 % confidence intervals will be calculated for test-retest reliability. The criterion validity of the scale will be determined by assessing the correlation between the T-MOE and Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale and Tongue Thrust Rating Scale.

Official Title
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Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Mastication Observation and Evaluation (T-MOE) Instrument

Conditions
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Chewing Problem, Swallowing Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: T-MOE


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Having chewing disorders aged between 18 months-12 years Being serebral palsy Being healthy children Exclusion Criteria: No chewing disorders A child aged below 6 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Months
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Children with cerebral palsy<br>Chewing performance will be evaluated with T-MOE and the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale. Tongue control will also be evaluated by Tongue Thrust Rating Scale. | Diagnostic Test: T-MOE<br>* Chewing performance will be evaluated with T-MOE and the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale.<br>|
| Healthy children<br>Chewing performance will be evaluated with T-MOE and the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale. Tongue control will also be evaluated by Tongue Thrust Rating Scale. | Diagnostic Test: T-MOE<br>* Chewing performance will be evaluated with T-MOE and the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The Turkish Mastication Observation and Evaluation (T-MOE) Instrument | This instrument is used to evaluate chewing function in children. The T-MOE includes 8 items, and could be scored between 1 to 4. Higher scores indicate better chewing function, lower scores indicate worse chewing function. | 3 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale (KCPS) | This scale is used to determine chewing performance level of children. The KCPS has 5 steps including 0 to 4. 0 means 'Normal chewing function' and 4 means 'No biting and chewing'. | 3 months | 
| Tongue Thrust Rating Scale (TTRS) | This scale is used to determine tongue thrust severity of children. The TTRS has 4 steps between 0 to 3. Step 0 means 'No tongue thrust.' and step 3 means 'Severe tongue thrust. The tongue is positioned out of the mouth.' | 3 months |