Stanford Coronary Risk Intervention Project (SCRIP)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To determine whether modification of risk factors altered the rate of progression of coronary artery disease in arteries with mild atherosclerosis and no mechanical intervention in patients who had coronary bypass surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).

Detailed Description
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BACKGROUND: Because of difficulties with quantitative measurement and with feasibility of follow-up, few controlled studies prior to SCRIP had been completed to determine the impact of risk factor modification directly on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in humans. Suggestive evidence existed from animal studies, especially in primates, that diet and exercise altered atherosclerosis as a result of risk modification. But these animal models did not accurately represent the potential for modifying the coronary atherosclerotic process in humans. Some indirect evidence had been developed in humans by studying arteries more accessible than the coronaries. In the several preliminary studies reported using coronary arteriography to study the impact of risk modification on atherosclerosis, the results had been encouraging but far from definitive. One angiographic follow-up study of vein bypass grafts and severely atherosclerotic coronary arteries reported improvement with lipid lowering therapy. None of these studies had included randomization of patients to systematic, intense, long-term risk reduction versus usual care with prospectively identified coronary artery segments with mild disease. DESIGN NARRATIVE: Randomized, fixed-sample. A total of 300 patients were randomized, 155 to usual care (UC) in the community and 145 to special intervention (SI). The SI group received intensive efforts directed at reducing or eliminating risk factors, including lowering LDL-cholesterol and increasing HDL-cholesterol, reducing blood pressure, eliminating cigarette smoking and obesity, increasing exercise, and decreasing stressful life experience. The major endpoint was the rate of coronary artery disease progression as measured by angiography, at baseline and at forty-eight months. Follow-up was for four years.

Conditions
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Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Arteriosclerosis, Coronary Disease, Heart Diseases, Myocardial Ischemia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: smoking cessation
* Behavioral: diet, reducing
* Behavioral: exercise
* Behavioral: diet, fat-restricted


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Men and women, up to 75 years of age. Patients with coronary artery disease but no mechanical intervention on all major vessels.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Behavioral: smoking cessation|nan|
|Behavioral: diet, reducing|nan|
|Behavioral: exercise|nan|
|Behavioral: diet, fat-restricted|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |