Application of Photogrammetry for Manual Skills Training in Undergrad Physiotherapy Students

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Education research shows that healthcare professional training can be made more efficient and effective with the integration of simulation technology. Despite the relevance of this technology in the training of medical students, evidence on its effectiveness in physiotherapy manual skills training is limited. To compare the effectiveness of real-object three dimensional (3D) produced by Photogrammetry versus two dimensional (2D) images for the introduction of manual therapy skills to undergraduate physiotherapy students, with a blended learning activity.

Detailed Description
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Using a randomised controlled trial design, first-year students enrolled in a 4-year bachelor with honours physiotherapy degree, participated in a 2-hour blended learning session. Three manual assessment techniques were presented - cervical compression, distraction and flexion-rotation tests. The techniques were demonstrated through two sets of learning materials with either real-object rotatable 3D images using Close-range Photogrammetry (experimental group) or traditional 2D computer images (control group). Students were examined after the training using an objective structured clinical evaluation (OSCE) procedure. The OSCE required the participants to demonstrate the three techniques learnt with the assessment criteria as therapist's position and skills, patient's position and overall management of the physical examination. The score of the standardized 9 item-practical performance test, with a maximum score of 54, was used as the primary outcome measure for analyses.

Official Title
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Application of Photogrammetry for Manual Skills Training in Undergrad Physiotherapy Students

Conditions
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Healthy Individuals

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Simulating video
* Behavioral: Conventional video


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Physiotherapy students with no experience in spinal assessment Exclusion Criteria: People with unfavourable experience or responses to 360-degree video or VR/AR videos

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental group<br>the real-object rotatable 3D images were used in demonstrating these three techniques. The photogrammetry technique was used to produce the 3D images. | Behavioral: Simulating video<br>* A 360-degree simulating video showing physiotherapy assessment in lumbar area<br>|
| Active Comparator: Control group<br>The control group received similar materials, but the only difference was that all the images were two-dimensional. | Behavioral: Conventional video<br>* A conventional video showing physiotherapy assessment in lumbar area<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Structured objective clinical evaluation | Skills in assessment is assessed by a SOCE. The component evaluated skills in palpation, including: positioning of patient, direction of palpation contact, localization of specific structure, mobilization of segment during palpation, and precision of palpation. A nurmeric grading system (3 excellent, 0 incorrect) is used to assess each item. | Immediate | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Simulation, Physiotherapy training, 360-degree video