L-carnitine and COH in PCOS Women Undergoing IVF/ICSI Cycles

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral L-carnitine supplementation during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The eligible patients with PCOS diagnosis (on the basis of Rotterdam criteria) who referred to Royan Research Institute for IVF / ICSI treatment cycles will be evaluated.

Detailed Description
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The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee of Royan institute. Prior to the onset of ovarian stimulation, patients will be allocated randomly into two groups according to block randomization method. The methodologist will give the doctor a code according to the randomization list, which corresponds to the code on the drug's box, and the drug box will be delivered to the patient. The COS procedure in all the study participate will be same by using a flexible regimen of GnRH antagonist with E2 priming. In the experimental group, the women received 3 tablet of L-carnitine daily (L-carnitine® tablet 1000 mg, Karen Pharmaceutical Company, Iran) from day 2 of the previous menstrual cycle until pregnancy test day. The patients in control group will receive 3 placebo tablets for 8 weeks. All the placebo tablets were produced by Karen company (Tehran, Iran), which is approved by the Food and Drug Administration of Iran. The appearance of the placebo was indistinguishable in color, shape, size, and smell from L-carnitine tablets. Ovarian stimulation will start with a maximum dose of 150 units of rFSH (Gonal -F: Serono Laboratories Ltd, Geneva, Switzerlan), from the second or third day of the spontaneous or discontinued progesterone menstrual cycle and the monitoring transvaginal ultrasound was performed and then if the follicle is observed, start with 13 injections of GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide®, 0.25 mg cetrorelix acetate, Serono, Inc) and will be continued until the oocyte triggering day. From the seventh day of the cycle, the dose of rFSH will be determined according to the rate of ovarian response by vaginal ultrasonography two days in advance. If you see at least two follicles 18 mm in size or more, the final stimulation of oocyte maturation will be done and 34- 36 hour after that the ovum pickup will be conducted. Subsequently ICSI or IVF will be done with standard procedure. In the present study, the markers of insulin metabolism (fasting glucose and insulin) and lipid profiles (LDL, HDL, cholesterol and triglyceride) as well as body mass index and weight were measured at the baseline of the study (before starting L-carnitine supplementation) as well as 6 weeks later on the ovum pick up day.The outcome evaluators were also blinded to the random allocation process and type of treatment.The primary and secondary outcomes were compared between the two groups using appropriate statistical tests.

Official Title
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The Effect of Adding L-carnitine During Ovarian Stimulation With Antagonistic Protocol in Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome on the Outcome of IVF / ICSI Cycle: A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Conditions
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: L-carnitine 1000 Mg


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: • Patients between 20 to 37 years old, presenting with primary or secondary infertility following regular intercourse for at least 1 year and diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to Rotterdam's criteria who had received two to three failures of IUI cycle therapy were included. The diagnosis was based on a complete history taking, physical examination and a paper documented complete infertility work-up within the previous 6 months Exclusion Criteria: Patients diagnosed with hyperprolactinemia, diabetes mellitus, epilepsy Patients treated with special diet, medication supplement (ovuboost), metformin before or during ovarian stimulation History of pelvic surgery on ovaries and uterus. Presence of submucosal and intramural fibroids larger than 5 cm or the presence of uterine polyps and congenital uterine malformations. The cause of severe male infertility (TESE, PESA).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 37 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Adding l-carnitine to controlled ovarian stimulation antagonist protocol<br>The controlled ovarian stimulation procedure in all the study participate will be same by using a flexible regimen of GnRH antagonist with E2 priming. In the experimental group, the women will receive 3 tablet of L-carnitine daily (L-carnitine® tablet 1000 mg, Karen Pharmaceutical Company, Iran) from day 2 of the previous menstrual cycle until pregnancy test day. | Drug: L-carnitine 1000 Mg<br>* Prescription 3mg l-carnitine (L-carnitine® tablet 1000 mg, Karen Pharmaceutical Company, Iran) daily from day 2 of the previous menstrual cycle until pregnancy test day (approximately 8 weeks).<br>* Other names: Quaternary ammonium compound;|
| Placebo Comparator: Adding placebo to controlled ovarian stimulation antagonist protocol<br>The controlled ovarian stimulation procedure in all the study participate will be same by using a flexible regimen of GnRH antagonist with E2 priming. The patients in the control group will receive 3 placebo tablets in similar way for 8 weeks. | Drug: L-carnitine 1000 Mg<br>* Prescription 3mg l-carnitine (L-carnitine® tablet 1000 mg, Karen Pharmaceutical Company, Iran) daily from day 2 of the previous menstrual cycle until pregnancy test day (approximately 8 weeks).<br>* Other names: Quaternary ammonium compound;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Occyte maturity rate | Oocyte maturity was defined as the ratio of metaphase II (MII) oocytes to the number of collected oocytes in thepatients undergoing with ICSI. | 24 hours post oocyte retrieval day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fertilization rate | Fertilization rate was defined as the ratio of normal fertilized oocytes (2PNs) to the number of oocytes used for fertilization. | 48 hours post IVF/ICSI | 
| Quality of obtained embryos | Embryo quality were determined according to the number of cells, the amount of fragmentation, the variation in cell size and overall symmetry (perfect, moderately asymmetric, and severely asymmetric in size and shape of the cells at Day 2 or Day 3 after oocyte retrieval: Excellent (Day 3: 6-8 even size blastomeres with ≤10% fragmentation), Good (Day 3: 6-8 even or uneven size blastomeres with 10%-20% fragmentation), Poor (Uneven and few blastomeres with >20% fragmentation) | 48 or 72 hours after oocyte retrieval | 
| Implantation rate | The number of gestational sacs observed at trans-vaginal ultrasonography screening at 6 weeks of pregnancy divided by the number of embryos transferred. | 1 month post embryo transfer | 
| Clinical pregnancy rate | Clinical pregnancy rate per transfer as defined by the presence of a gestational sac with heart beat on ultrasound at 6-8 weeks of gestation | 6-8 weeks of gestation | 
| ongoing pregnancy rate | Ongoing pregnancy was defined as a pregnancy documented by ultrasound at 20 gestational weeks that showed the presence of fetal heartbeat. | 20 weeks after the embryos transfer | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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L-carnitine, Assisted reproductive technology, Controlled ovarian stimulation