Making Healthy Choices: Does Having an Online Health Coach Help?

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Participating in regular physical activity and consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables can aid in the management of various acute and chronic side effects of cancer treatment; however, few rural-dwelling young adult cancer survivors are active enough and consume enough fruits and vegetables to accrue benefits. Telehealth interventions show promise for helping these young adults increase their motivation to participate in these behaviours by addressing barriers associated with accessing face-to-face behaviour counselling services (e.g., time commitment, travel distance). Yet, few researchers have examined the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth intervention that provides motivational support grounded in self-determination theory for these health behaviours in rural-dwelling young adult cancer survivors. Based on previous research, the researchers reasoned that rural-dwelling young adult cancer survivors' physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption would be more likely to increase if they participated in a telehealth intervention therefore, the researchers aim to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the intervention. The researchers also aim to assess if changes in perceived basic psychological need satisfaction, behaviour regulation, and perceived autonomy support are associated with changes in physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption.

Official Title
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Helping Rural-living Young Adult Cancer Survivors Make Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Does Having a Telehealth Personal Health Coach Help?

Conditions
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Physical Activity, Dietary Modification

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: interactive sessions


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Are between the ages of 20-39 years Live in a rural area (i.e., areas with <35,000 inhabitants) Have completed primary treatment for non-metastatic cancer Are not currently meeting the American Cancer Society guidelines for physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption Have access to the Internet and to audio-visual devices Are willing to provide informed consent to participate in this study and willing to follow study protocol Able to read and understand English Are ambulatory Exclusion Criteria: Have a serious condition that precludes safe participation in physical activity Have symptomatic heart or vascular diseases (angina, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure) Have severe hypertension Have had a recent stroke Have a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Have severe insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Have renal disease Have liver disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 39 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention Group<br>(1) 12 weekly interactive sessions with a health coach to help them set goals and make changes toward becoming physically active and consuming the recommended number of fruits and vegetables. | Behavioral: interactive sessions<br>* This arm will receive personalized health coaching (behaviour change counseling)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Physical activity behaviour: International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-S; Booth, 2000). | Change in self-reported physical activity (over the past 7 days) from baseline to post-intervention, with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 12) | 
| Fruit and vegetable intake behaviour: Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System Fruit and Vegetable section (BRFSS-FV; Trowbridge, Wong, Byers, & Serdula, 1990) | Change in self-reported fruit and vegetable intake (over the past 7 days) from baseline to post-intervention, with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 12) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Basic psychological needs satisfaction for physical activity: Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale (PNSE; Wilson, Rogers, Rodgers, & Wild, 2006) | Change in basic psychological need satisfaction for physical activity from baseline to post-intervention, using a 1 (false) to 6 (true) scale with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 12) | 
| Basic psychological need satisfaction for fruit and vegetable consumption: Psychological Need Satisfaction questionnaire (PNS; Deci, Ryan, Gagne, Leone, Usunov, & Kornazheva, 2001) | Change in basic psychological need satisfaction for fruit and vegetable consumption from baseline to post-intervention, using a 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) scale with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 12) | 
| Motivational regulations for physical activity: Exercise Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ-E; Williams, Deci, & Ryan, 1998) | Change in motivational regulations for physical activity from baseline to post-intervention, using a 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true) scale with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 12) | 
| Motivational regulations for fruit and vegetable consumption: Dietary Self-Regulation questionnaire (DSR; Williams, Deci, & Ryan, 1998) | Change in motivational regulations for fruit and vegetable consumption from baseline to post-intervention, using a 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true) scale with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (week 12) | 
| Perceived autonomy support: Health Care Climate Questionnaire (HCCQ; Williams, Grow, Freedman, Ryan, & Deci, 1996) | Level of perceived autonomy support for health behaviours post-intervention, using a 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) scale with higher scores representing a better outcome. | Post-intervention (week 12) | 
| Recruitment rates | The number of eligible participants who enrol in the study out of the number assessed for eligibility | Duration of recruitment and intervention phase (12 weeks) | 
| Retention rates for intervention | The number of participants completing the 12-week intervention. | Duration of recruitment and intervention phase (12 weeks) | 
| Adherence rates for intervention | The number of eligible participants completing ≥ 70% of the intervention sessions (i.e., 8/12) | Duration of recruitment and intervention phase (12 weeks) | 
| Acceptability of intervention: Semi-structured interviews | Participants will be asked what they liked, disliked, and experienced during the intervention | Post-intervention (12 weeks) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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telehealth, young adult cancer survivors, rural-dwelling, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption