Analysis of Plasma for Diagnosis and Follow-up of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this study is to find blood plasma based biomarkers of disease progression in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is associated with the development of benign cutaneous tumors as well as a variety of malignancies. Analysis of plasma DNA and chemical composition may provide tools for diagnosis and follow-up of NF1. The hypothesis of the study is that NF1-associated tumor burden and malignant transformation of tumors can be detected in plasma. To test this hypothesis, Finnish patients with NF1 are recruited and blood sample is taken. Blood plasma is separated and analyzed chemically. DNA is then also extracted and quantified.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a dominant hereditary multiorgan disease that causes both benign cutaneous neurofibromas and malignant tumors. Timely detection of malignant transformation in NF1 tumors is of great clinical importance. Also methods to easily monitor individual's overall tumor burden would be useful. Blood plasma is collected from NF1 patients and age- and gender-matched controls. The samples are stored at -80 C until analysis. Free circulating plasma DNA is extracted and quantified using commercial reagents. Also a previously described chemical detection method to observe overall changes in plasma composition is utilized. The analysis results are compared between NF1 patients and healthy controls, and also correlated with NF1 tumor burden and diagnosis of malignancy during five-year follow-up.

Official Title
-----------------
Analysis of Plasma for Diagnosis and Follow-up of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Conditions
-----------------
Neurofibromatosis 1

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Blood sample


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Finnish-speaking 18-85 years old For NF1 group: Diagnosis of type 1 neurofibromatosis and visit to Turku Neurofibromatosis Centre For control group: Suitable as an age- and gender-matched control for some of the NF1 patients Exclusion Criteria: Non-Finnish-speaking For control group: diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 or cancer

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Neurofibromatosis 1<br>10 mL venous blood sample taken from patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis | Other: Blood sample<br>* 10 mL venous blood sample for analysis of plasma<br>|
| Control<br>10 mL venous blood sample taken from age- and gender-matched healthy controls | Other: Blood sample<br>* 10 mL venous blood sample for analysis of plasma<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ability of free circulating plasma DNA concentration and unspecific chemical detection method to predict overall tumor burden | Tumor burden assessed by clinician on a four-level scale: 1 = 0-5 neurofibromas, 2 = 6-99 neurofibromas, 3 = 100-500 neurofibromas, 4 = over 500 neurofibromas | Up to 5 years | 
| Ability of free circulating plasma DNA concentration and unspecific chemical detection method to predict clinical diagnosis of malignancy | Information on clinical diagnoses is obtained from patient records | Up to 5 years |