The Effect of Exercise on Cognitive Status in Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the different combinations of exercises on the cognitive status of older adults with cognitive decline.

Detailed Description
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This study is planned to examine the effects of combined exercise on cognitive status, lower extremity muscle strength, mobility, physical performance, mood and quality of life in older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Aerobic exercise training and lower limb (extremity) strengthening exercises were applied to the first group, dual-task training and lower limb strengthening exercises were applied to the second group, and aerobic exercise training, dual-task training and lower limb strengthening exercises were applied to the third group.

Official Title
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Is Aerobic and Dual-task Training Combination the Most Effective Exercise Combination to Improve the Cognitive Status and Physical Function in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Decline

Conditions
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Older People

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Aerobic exercise training combined with lower limb strengthening
* Other: Dual-task training combined with lower limb strengthening group (DG)
* Other: Aerobic exercise training combined with dual-task training and lower limb strengthening
* Other: Only lower limb strengthening group (CG)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Not had a fall in the last six months. Older adults with an mini mental state examination score between18-23. Age ≥ 65years. Exclusion Criteria: having central nervous system pathology that will affect balance diagnosed with vestibular pathology, having deformities in the waist, hip, and knee joints, having lower extremity amputation, with lower extremity operation history, malignancy affecting the lower extremity, having moderate and severe congenital heart disease, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, participants who cannot cooperate, participants who use an assistive walking device, participants having vision problems.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Aerobic exercise training combined with lower limb strengthening group (AG)<br>Aerobic exercise training combined with lower limb strengthening. | Other: Aerobic exercise training combined with lower limb strengthening<br>* The participants performed aerobic exercise training and lower limb strengthening during this intervention.<br>|
| Experimental: Dual-task training combined with lower limb strengthening group (DG)<br>Dual-task training combined with lower limb strengthening. | Other: Dual-task training combined with lower limb strengthening group (DG)<br>* The participants performed dual-task training combined with lower limb strengthening during this intervention.<br>|
| Experimental: Aerobic exercise training combined with dual-task training and lower limb strengthening group (ADG)<br>Aerobic exercise training combined with dual-task training and lower limb strengthening. | Other: Aerobic exercise training combined with dual-task training and lower limb strengthening<br>* The participants performed aerobic exercise training combined with dual-task training and lower limb strengthening during this intervention.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Only lower limb strengthening group (CG)<br>Only lower limb strengthening. | Other: Only lower limb strengthening group (CG)<br>* The participants performed only lower limb strengthening group during this intervention.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mini-Mental State Examination | Cognitive status examination is applied with a simple test called Mini-Mental State Examination. | 12 weeks | 
| Commander Power Track 2 Manual Tester | Muscle strength strength is carried out with Commander Power Track 2 Manual Tester. | 12 weeks | 
| Timed Up and Go Test | Functional mobility is evaluated by Timed Up and Go Test. | 12 weeks | 
| Single Leg Stance Test | Static balance is evaluated by Single Leg Stance Test | 12 weeks | 
| Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale | Balance Confidence is evaluated by Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale. | 12 weeks | 
| Six-Minute Walk Test | Exercise capacity is evaluated by Six-Minute Walk Test. | 12 weeks | 
| Short Physical Performance Battery | Physical performance is evaluated by Short Physical Performance Battery. | 12 weeks | 
| Hamilton Depression Rating Scale | Emotional status is evaluated by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale | 12 weeks | 
| World Health Organization Quality of Life-Old module | Quality of life is evaluated by World Health Organization Quality of Life-Old module | 12 weeks |