Healthy Sport Project; Preventing Eating Disorders in Sport

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The Healthy Sport Project is an adapted program from the Body Project by prof Eric Stice, aiming to reduce body dissatisfaction and symptoms of disordered eating and eating disorders in adolescent elite athletes. This trial aim to evaluate the effect of the program using a one-arm pilot study design in 14 years age old athletes at a Norwegian Elite Sport Junior High School.

Detailed Description
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Eating disorders (EDs) are serious illnesses with highest incidence in adolescents. Moreover, athletes have a higher frequency of symptoms of disordered eating (DE) and EDs than non-athletes. There are many reasons to this health issue, but body appearance pressure, competing in body mass sensitive sports, and comments on body appearance are important explanations. Few programs have proved effective in preventing DE and EDs in the general population, or in athletes specifically, and none is permanent operative in sports in Norway. Body Project by prof Eric Stice have proved effective in preventing body dissatisfaction, figure idealization and new onset of EDs in female adolescents above 15 years of age, and with body dissatisfaction, from the general population. A few attempts to adapt this program to female athletes, argue for a comparative positive effect. Three important elements to further address, are: 1) programs need also to be tested in males; 2) programs need to be tested in adolescents of younger age before the typical onset of an ED; and 3) programs need to be possible to administer by non-professionals. In this study the research group aim to adapt and test the effect of the Body Project, by the pilot study the Healthy Sport Project, in elite junior athletes attending specialized junior sport high schools (age 14). The final goal for this project group is to create an effective preventive program for body dissatisfaction and DE/EDs in young athletes of both sexes and in mixed sports, and which may be administered by the schoolteachers.

Official Title
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Healthy Sport Project: Recovery, Body Acceptance and Health in Young Athletes

Conditions
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Eating Disorders, Body Dissatisfaction, Disordered Eating, Adolescent - Emotional Problem, Athletic Injuries

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Healthy Sport Project


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: pupil at the recruited Sport Jr High School Exclusion Criteria: no informed consent from parents not willing to participate a diagnosis of an eating disorder and being under (or waiting for) treatment

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 14 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: A cohort of athletes receive intervention in this pilot study, and changes from pre to post intervention are evaluated
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention<br>All pupils attending a Elite Sport Jr High School receive intervention | Behavioral: Healthy Sport Project<br>* 2 interactive information lectures (given per class of 30 pupils), and 4 interactive workshops (given to sex-homogenous groups of 10 pupils). One per week, a total of 6 weeks with intervention.<br>* Other names: Sports Body Project;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in symptoms of Eating Disorder, Eating Disorder Questionnaire Short-form | 9 Questions on eating restriction, on worries for body weight and appearance. Rated by number of days the different content has been relevant. By Fairburn and Beglin, 2008 | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in Body Acceptance, Body Acceptance Scale, version 2 | 10 Questions on body acceptance, rated by a 5 point Likert Scale (never - always). By Halliwell et al 2017. | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in symptoms of internalization of body figure ideals, SATAQ-4 | 10 Questions from subscales of SATAQ-4 (thinness idealisation and muscularity idealization), rated by 5 point Likert Scale. By Schaefer et al 2015 | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Experiences from participating in the project | Focus group interview following a semistructured manual; asking for experiences with participation in the Healthy Sport Project | After intervention (post, +6 weeks) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in experiences of Body Appearance Pressure (BAP), questions by research group | Question on experience of BAP (if it is experienced yes/no) | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in experiences of Body Appearance Pressure (BAP), questions by research group | Question on arenas for experience of BAP (in which contexts; choose between listed arenas) | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in dietary habits, questions by research group | Questions on meal frequency (numbers); frequency of intake of fruit and vegetables (number of portions); frequency of intake of dairy products (number of portions); frequency of intake of fish (number of portions) | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in dietary habits, questions by research group | Use of supplements (yes/no) | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in dietary habits, questions by research group | Use of supplements ( what type of supplements, chose from listed alternatives) | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 
| Change in nutrition knowledge, questions by research group | 3 questions asking for examples of foods providing carbohydrates; proteins; fats, respectively. | Before intervention, After intervention (post, +6 weeks), 6 months after end of intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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eating disorders, disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, figure idealisation, mental health, prevention, athlete, sport, adolescent, elite sport