Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy With Sodium Bicarbonate

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This will be a randomized controlled trial closely following the original protocol in the previous study published in JAMA 2004 by Merten et al. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Treatment group A will receive 1cc/kg/hour of 0.9% normal saline at least 2 hours prior to study beginning and will be continued during and for 6 hours post contrast. Treatment group B will receive 3cc/kg of sodium bicarbonate solution for one hour prior to procedure then drip rate will be decreased to 1cc/kg/hour during and for 6 hours post procedure. The sodium bicarbonate solution will be made by adding 3 amps of bicarbonate to 1L of D5W. Patients in both treatment arms weighing >110kg the initial fluid bolus and drip will be limited to those patients weighing 110kg. In both treatment arms, diuretics will be held before and after contrast administration on the day of the study. BMP will be checked the day of, 24 and 48 hours post contrast administration. The greatest change in all readings will be used for treatment comparisons. Contrast induced nephropathy will be defined as a change in serum creatinine of more than 25% from baseline and/or 0.5mg/dL. Urinary pH will also be measured on first spontaneous void following bolus. Vital signs including blood pressure and oxygen saturation will be documented every 4 hours to monitor patients closely for signs and symptoms of volume overload

Detailed Description
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Inclusion Criteria: Stage III Chronic Kidney Disease (GFR 30-60ml/min per 1.73m2 calculated by using MDRD equation) Inpatients at Norton Community Hospital scheduled to undergo diagnostic CT Scan using contrast between the hours of 7am and 6pm 18+ years of age Exclusion Criteria Current clinical diagnosis of exacerbated congestive heart failure Creatinine >8 mg/dL Change in serum Cre of at least 0.5mg/dL during previous 24hours Pre-existing dialysis patient Multiple myeloma Uncontrolled hypertension (definition: treated SBP >160mmHg or DBP >100mmHg Exposure to contrast 48 hours prior to study Allergy to contrast dye Pregnancy Patient has received pressor agents, fendolapam, mannitol, or mucomyst at time of study Acute myocardial infarction Subjects: Consecutive samples of all CPSC inpatients who meet the above inclusion criteria Allocation Assignment: Patients who meet inclusion criteria and agree to participate in the study will pick a concealed number out of an open envelope. That number (between 1- 656) will correlate with a number on a sealed opaque envelope. Inside the opaque envelope will be a chart sticker. The chart sticker will have the words either normal saline or sodium bicarbonate. The envelope will not be opened until all patient information (ie. Patient ID sticker) is placed on the original chosen envelope. Then the chart sticker will be removed and placed on the chart Protocol Outline: This will be a randomized controlled trial closely following the original protocol in the previous study. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Treatment group A will receive 1cc/kg/hour of 0.9% normal saline at least 2 hours prior to study beginning and will be continued during and for 6 hours post contrast. Treatment group B will receive 3cc/kg of sodium bicarbonate solution for one hour prior to procedure then drip rate will be decreased to 1cc/kg/hour during and for 6 hours post procedure. The sodium bicarbonate solution will be made by adding 3 amps of bicarbonate to 1L of D5W. Patients in both treatment arms weighing >110kg the initial fluid bolus and drip will be limited to those patients weighing 110kg. In both treatment arms, diuretics will be held before and after contrast administration on the day of the study. BMP will be checked the day of, 24 and 48 hours post contrast administration. The greatest change in all readings will be used for treatment comparisons. Contrast induced nephropathy will be defined as a change in serum creatinine of more than 25% from baseline and/or 0.5mg/dL. Urinary pH will also be measured on first spontaneous void following bolus. Vital signs including blood pressure and oxygen saturation will be documented every 4 hours to monitor patients closely for signs and symptoms of volume overload

Official Title
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Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy With Sodium Bicarbonate

Conditions
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Contrast Induced Nephropathy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: 3 amps of sodium bicarbonate mixed in one liter of D5W


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Stage III Chronic Kidney Disease (GFR 30-60ml/min per 1.73m2 calculated by using MDRD equation) Inpatients at Norton Community Hospital scheduled to undergo diagnostic CT Scan using contrast between the hours of 7am and 6pm 18+ years of age Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion Criteria Current clinical diagnosis of exacerbated congestive heart failure Creatinine >8 mg/dL Change in serum Cre of at least 0.5mg/dL during previous 24hours Pre-existing dialysis patient Multiple myeloma Uncontrolled hypertension (definition: treated SBP >160mmHg or DBP >100mmHg Exposure to contrast 48 hours prior to study Allergy to contrast dye Pregnancy Patient has received pressor agents, fendolapam, mannitol, or mucomyst at time of study Acute myocardial infarction

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Drug: 3 amps of sodium bicarbonate mixed in one liter of D5W|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Development of contrast-induced nephropathy, defined as an increase in serum creatinine of 25% or more within 2 day after administration of contrast |  |  | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change in mean arterial pressure after initial bolus, mmHg |  |  | 
| urine pH after initial bolus |  |  | 
| contrast volume |  |  | 
| change in serum bicarbonate |  |  | 
| change in serum potassium |  |  | 
| change in serum glucose |  |  | 
| change in serum creatinine |  |  | 
| change in estimated glomerular filtration rate |  |  | 
| incidence of contrast induced nephropathy |  |  | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Contrast Induced Nephropathy