Comparative Effects of Conventional Physical Therapy, Kinesio Taping and ESWT in Upper Trapezius MPS.

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
There is no study in the literature comparing both kinesiotaping and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) with conventional physical therapy in upper trapezius myofascial pain syndrome. In this study, we aimed to make this comparison.

Official Title
-----------------
Comparative Effects of Conventional Physical Therapy, Kinesio Taping and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapies in Upper Trapezius Myofascial Pain Syndrome.

Conditions
-----------------
Trapezius Muscle Strain

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy
* Other: Kinesiotaping
* Other: Conventional Physical Therapy


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Presence of at least 1 active trigger point in the upper trapezius muscle, exacerbation of pain when this point(s) is pressed, painful limitation of cervical lateral flexion and extension. Exclusion Criteria: Having a history of spine and upper extremity surgery, neuromuscular disease, active rheumatologic disease, active infection, malignancy, having previously applied ESWT or Kinesio Taping to the back and neck region.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 16 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy<br>Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a noninvasive treatment that involves delivery of shock waves to injured soft tissue to reduce pain and promote healing. | Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy<br>* Device named 'Elettronica Pagani,Italy' and will be used with radial probe.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Kinesiotaping<br>The Kinesiotaping method is a therapeutic taping technique which alleviates pain. | Other: Kinesiotaping<br>* Elastic band to be used to stretch the upper trapezius muscle in the desired direction.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Conventional Physical Therapy<br>Hotpack, therapeutic ultrasound and tens applications. | Other: Conventional Physical Therapy<br>* Conventional physical therapy will be consisted of hotpack, therapeutic ultrasound and tens applications.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | patient's self-assessment of pain, in the range of 0 to 10, higher scores mean a worse outcome. | at baseline (before the treatment) | 
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | patient's self-assessment of pain, in the range of 0 to 10, higher scores mean a worse outcome | 2 weeks after baseline (at the end of treatment) | 
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | patient's self-assessment of pain, in the range of 0 to 10, higher scores mean a worse outcome | 6 weeks after baseline (one month after the end of treatment) | 
| Neck Disability Index (NDI) | a self-report questionnaire used to determine how neck pain affects a patient's daily life and to assess the self-rated disability of patients with neck pain. The total score ranges from 0 (no disability) to 50 (total disability). | at baseline (before the treatment) | 
| Neck Disability Index (NDI) | a self-report questionnaire used to determine how neck pain affects a patient's daily life and to assess the self-rated disability of patients with neck pain. The total score ranges from 0 (no disability) to 50 (total disability). | 2 weeks after baseline (at the end of treatment) | 
| Neck Disability Index (NDI) | a self-report questionnaire used to determine how neck pain affects a patient's daily life and to assess the self-rated disability of patients with neck pain. The total score ranges from 0 (no disability) to 50 (total disability). | 6 weeks after baseline (one month after the end of treatment) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Measurement of Cervical range of motion (Cervikal ROM) | Measuring cervical lateral flexion and cervical extension with a manual goniometer. | at baseline (before the treatment) | 
| Measurement of Cervical range of motion (Cervikal ROM) | Measuring cervical lateral flexion and cervical extension with a manual goniometer. | 2 weeks after baseline (at the end of treatment). | 
| Measurement of Cervical range of motion (Cervikal ROM) | Measuring cervical lateral flexion and cervical extension with a manual goniometer. | 6 weeks after baseline (one month after the end of treatment) |