Mindfulness and Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills in Borderline Personality Disorder

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of the study was to determine whether mindfulness training could be more effective than another active intervention in reducing borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. The main hypothesis was that patients allocated to the mindfulness group would show a greater improvement on global BPD symptomatology. As a second objective, we explored some of the possible underlying mechanisms of both active treatments. For that purpose, changes in decentering, mindfulness facets and cognitive processing of social interactions were also evaluated.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of mindfulness skills (M) versus interpersonal effectiveness skills (IE) on borderline symptoms. For that purpose, a randomized, active-controlled clinical trial was designed. 64 participants with borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis were allocated to mindfulness (n=32) or interpersonal effectiveness skills (n=32). Both interventions were delivered over a 10-week period. The borderline symptom list (BSL-23) was elected as the primary outcome measure. Mindfulness related capacities, decentering and cognitive processing of social interactions were also evaluated with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Experiences Questionnaire (EQ) and the Multidimensional Scale of Social Expression (EMES-C), respectively. Assessments were conducted pre and post interventions.

Official Title
-----------------
Randomized, Active-controlled, Clinical Trial Comparing Effects of Mindfulness and Interpersonal Effectiveness Skills in Borderline Personality Disorder

Conditions
-----------------
Borderline Personality Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Mindfulness
* Behavioral: interpersonal effectiveness


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion criteria: Ages between 18 and 45 years BPD criteria according to two diagnostic interviews (SCID-II and DIB-R) Exclusion Criteria: Lifetime diagnosis of schizophrenia, drug-induced psychosis, organic brain syndrome, bipolar disorder or mental retardation Participating in any sort of psychotherapy during the study or having participated in dialectical behavioral therapy groups in the past

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Mindfulness<br>As proposed in dialectical behavioral therapy, mindfulness training consist of a set of behavioral skills that aim at improving patient's attentional control and emotional regulation. | Behavioral: Mindfulness<br>* weekly psychotherapy sessions for 10 weeks (120 min each)<br>|
| Active Comparator: Interpersonal effectiveness<br>Interpersonal effectiveness skills are focused on improving interpersonal relationships and enhancing patient's ability to display social effective behavior. | Behavioral: interpersonal effectiveness<br>* weekly psychotherapy sessions for 10 weeks (120 min each)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change from baseline in borderline symptoms after a 10 week intervention | participants were assessed pre and post interventions | 10 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change from baseline in decentering after a 10 week intervention | participants were assessed pre and post interventions | 10 weeks | 
| change from baseline in mindfulness facets after a 10 week intervention | participants were assessed pre and post interventions | 10 weeks | 
| change from baseline in social interactions after a 10 week intervention | participants were assessed pre and post interventions | 10 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
borderline personality disorder, mindfulness