STAND Community College Tobacco Cessation Trial

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Community colleges have 45% of the nation's undergraduates and have a higher smoking prevalence rate than 4-year colleges. California's community colleges comprise the nation's largest higher education system, and Sacramento has the second largest community college district. As more colleges are encouraged to become smoke and tobacco-free campuses, smokers enrolled at community college campuses need greater support. However, community colleges may lack the student health clinic resources that 4-year colleges have for students who live on campus. Little evidence to date demonstrates effective interventions for smokers on community college campuses. This pilot study seeks to demonstrate the feasibility and promising outcomes of two cessation interventions, compared with usual care on a community college campus. The first intervention was based on a promising model of brief motivational interviewing delivered by peer educators, developed by the community lead Breathe California of Sacramento-Emigrant Trails (BCSET) through the Sacramento Taking Action Against Tobacco Dependence (STAND) project. The second intervention was based on direct enrollment into the California Smokers' Helpline, which has demonstrated utility for promoting smoking cessation among young adults with low socioeconomic status. Usual care consisted of students going to the student health center for smoking cessation assistance.

Official Title
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Sacramento Taking Action Against Nicotine Dependence (STAND) at Sacramento City College

Conditions
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Smoking Cessation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Usual Care
* Behavioral: Brief Motivational Interviewing
* Behavioral: Direct referral to quitline


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: adult 18 years or older current smoker in the past 30 days smoker wants to quit smoker not currently participating in other smoking cessation activities, and smoker must be willing to accept randomization into any of the 3 study arms Exclusion Criteria: students not proficient in communicating in English adults unable to consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Usual Care<br>Students referred to student health for tobacco cessation resources including campus Quit Kits | Behavioral: Usual Care<br>* Participant provided Quit Kit water bottle with small cessation aids (eg. sunflower seeds) and educated about student health as a cessation resource<br>|
| Active Comparator: Brief Motivational Interviewing<br>Students received brief motivational interviewing by a student peer educator about tobacco cessation | Behavioral: Usual Care<br>* Participant provided Quit Kit water bottle with small cessation aids (eg. sunflower seeds) and educated about student health as a cessation resource<br>Behavioral: Brief Motivational Interviewing<br>* Peer educator conducts brief motivational interviewing about smoking cessation and participant goals<br>|
| Active Comparator: Direct referral to quitline<br>Students were directly referred to the state quitline for follow-up counseling | Behavioral: Usual Care<br>* Participant provided Quit Kit water bottle with small cessation aids (eg. sunflower seeds) and educated about student health as a cessation resource<br>Behavioral: Direct referral to quitline<br>* Peer educator educates about state quitline services and gets verbal consent to use quitline's direct referral web portal for quitline to contact participant in 1-2 business days about free counseling services to make a quit plan<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Biochemically validated smoking cessation | Point prevalence abstinence validated by saliva cotinine level | 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Self-reported smoking cessation | Point prevalence abstinence by self-report on survey | 6 months | 
| Self-reported smoking cessation | Point prevalence abstinence by self-report on survey | 3 months | 
| Self-reported smoking cessation | Point prevalence abstinence by self-report on survey | 1 month |