A Formative Evaluation For Improving Breast Cancer Hormone Receptor Testing in Tanzania

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to learn more about the challenges with breast cancer diagnosis in Tanzania and the support available to improve this process.

Official Title
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A Formative Evaluation For Improving Breast Cancer Hormone Receptor Testing in Tanzania

Conditions
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Breast Cancer

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Focus group
* Behavioral: Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Participant Inclusion Criteria: Breast cancer survivor, patient advocate or key healthcare personnel Key healthcare personnel are defined as hospital and laboratory leaders, pathologists, laboratory scientists and technicians, oncologists, nurses, and surgeons, with: >12 months of employment at the affiliated institution Administrative or clinical involvement in the delivery of breast cancer care services. Age 18 years and above Permanent residents or citizens of Tanzania Participant and/or LAR willing and able to consent Fluent in Swahili and/or English by self-report Participant Exclusion Criteria: Key stakeholder not residing at their particular institutions during data collection will be excluded. Eligibility criteria for Chart Reviews Inclusion Criteria for chart review: Age 18 years and above Permanent residents or citizens of Tanzania Received breast cancer diagnosis Exclusion Criteria for chart review: none

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Participants of focus groups<br>Breast cancer survivor, patient advocate or key healthcare personnel including hospital and laboratory leaders, pathologists, laboratory scientists and technicians, oncologists, nurses, and surgeons | Behavioral: Focus group<br>* A semi-structured focus group discussion guide will be developed with question probes that cover 1) contextual factors, 2) barriers to implementation, and 3) facilitators to implementation, with secondary probing questions.<br>Behavioral: Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change<br>* measures the extent to which organizational members are prepared to implement organizational change. The ORIC tool asks participants to rate their level of agreement with 12 statements pertaining to organizational readiness for change (change commitment and change efficacy) on a 5-point Likert Scale.<br>* Other names: ORIC tool;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Identify barriers for breast cancer diagnosis in Tanzania. | Depending on results of this initial evaluation, either additional data will be collected, or if successful, will use the data to begin identifying context-specific implementation strategies using the 'Implementation Mapping' framework1 . In a future protocol, these data will then be used to develop a strategy for an intervention that addresses urgent evidence-to-practice gaps in breast cancer diagnosis in Tanzania, and has the potential to help patients with breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the future. The collection of this key information will assist us and our collaborators to generate background data that can be used to develop and/or complement future clinical trials. | 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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breast cancer hormone receptor testing, breast cancer testing, GeneXpert STRAT4, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 21-480