Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Patients With Neovascular Age Related Macular Degeneration

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains a leading cause of blindness in United States and can be broadly divided into two forms: non-neovascular AMD (NNVAMD) and neovascular AMD (NVAMD) AMD. Among the several mechanisms underlying AMD, hypoxia and oxidative stress have been implicated and cause upregulation of several signaling proteins. About 20% of patients with NNVAMD develop choroidal neovascularization and hence convert to NVAMD. Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in conversion from NNVAMD to NVAMD. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a polypeptide that has been shown to be overexpressed in various fibrotic disorders, suggesting its involvement in scarring. After the development of choroidal neovascularization, subretinal fibrosis may occur and result in permanent reduction of vision. An important question is, does CTGF contribute to subretinal fibrosis. An important first step in addressing this question is to determine if CTGF levels are increased in the eyes of patients with NVAMD and this is the objective of this study. The investigators plan to measure levels of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the aqueous humor of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and compare to controls. Levels of VEGF will be measured as a positive control.

Official Title
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Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Patients With Neovascular Age Related Macular Degeneration

Conditions
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Wet Macular Degeneration

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age >/= 18 years Willing to sign informed consent and authorization of use and disclosure of protected health information For study group: patients must have a clinical diagnosis of NVAMD For control group: patients undergoing vitrectomy for macular hole, macular pucker, or vitreomacular traction, vitreous floaters or another condition unrelated to scarring. Exclusion Criteria: Subjects with a retinal condition other than NVAMD in which scarring may occur such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy or retinal detachment.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration<br>This will include 10 subjects with a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration. | |
| Controls<br>This group will comprise 10 participants who plan to undergo vitrectomy for macular hole, macular pucker, or vitreomacular traction, vitreous floaters or another condition unrelated to scarring. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Measurement of aqueous humor levels of CTGF by ELISA | Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) levels will be measured, using ELISA, in aqueous samples of both patients and controls. | Baseline visit | 
| Measurement of aqueous humor levels of VEGF by ELISA | Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels will be measured, using ELISA, in aqueous samples of both patients and controls. Levels of VEGF will serve as a positive control. | Baseline visit |