Memory Phenotype and PD-1 Inhibition Response in Oral Cancer

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this research study is collect tissue and blood samples from patients who are having surgery and use those samples in lab studies to see if there are any markers in blood and tissue that can help predict how cancer will react to different treatment. Participants in this study will have a blood sample and tissue samples collected for research. The blood and tissue collected will be tested in the laboratory. The tissue collected will be left over tissue from the standard of care surgery.

Detailed Description
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Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is the sixth most common neoplasm in the world and despite advances in treatment, the 5-year survival remains approximately 50%. Because of the need for new therapies, the possibility of immunotherapeutic approaches for HNSCC patients has gained interest. Interest in this has continued as more than half of the subjects enrolled to an ongoing clinical trial in patients with with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) have responded to neoadjuvant presurgical Nivolumab therapy. Additionally, unlike other solid tumors it appears responders have higher proportions of CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) whereas non-responders have an increase in CD8+ TILs population. Furthermore, the investigator's data suggests that response to PD-1 blockade is associated with an increase in CD45RA- CD62L+ population or central memory phenotype within TIL whereas progression of disease correlates with an increase in the CD45RA- CD62L- population or effector memory phenotype. As previously demonstrated in several other tumor types the magnitude of response to immunotherapy directly correlates to presence of antigen specific T cells within the tumor and tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the long-term objective of this project is to identify predictive biomarkers of immune response from either TILs or tumor cells from patients with head and neck squamous carcinoma. To achieve this goal the overall objective of the current study is to develop a pre-clinical murine models in an effort to more completely evaluate the memory phenotype of TILs before and after PD-1 inhibition and to subsequently to determine the efficacy of TIL therapy in this mouse model of oral cancer. This project will test a central hypothesis that TILs derived from responders to neoadjuvant pre-surgical PD-1 inhibition in both a patient derived xenograft mouse model of oral cancer.

Official Title
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The Role of the Central Memory Phenotype in Predicting Response to PD-1 Inhibition in Pre-clinical Models of Oral Cancer

Conditions
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Blood collection
* Other: Tissue collection


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Newly diagnosed histologically proven locoregional oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) without evidence of distant metastases. OSCC includes the subsites of oral tongue, floor of mouth, gingiva, retromolar trigone and buccal mucosa OR Recurrent or persistent histologically proven locoregional OSCC that was initially treated with surgery alone. must be eligible for surgical resection greater than 18 years of age Exclusion Criteria: prior immunotherapy or treatment with another anti PD-1 agent besides nivolumab prior chemotherapy including cetuximab or radiation therapy concomitant malignancies except cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma unresectable primary tumor or regional disease or distant metastases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Received Nivolumab<br> | Other: Blood collection<br>* 5 milliliters (mL) of blood will be collected at the time of surgery<br>Other: Tissue collection<br>* Left over tissue will be collected at the time of surgery<br>|
| Nivolumab Naive<br> | Other: Blood collection<br>* 5 milliliters (mL) of blood will be collected at the time of surgery<br>Other: Tissue collection<br>* Left over tissue will be collected at the time of surgery<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Count of PDX models that are developed from patient samples | It is anticipated that there will be 12 successful PDX models developed as part of this study. | 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in tumor growth in PDX models | Tumors will be measured with calipers bi-weekly and measurements will be plotted overtime. | 6 months | 
| Change in tumor volume in PDX models | Tumor volume with be calculated based on the two greatest dimensions of the tumor and will be plotted overtime. | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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head and neck cancer