Blood and Muscle Response to Cheddar Cheese in Healthy Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of this project is to use a cross over design in young healthy male and female adults: To determine the amino acid blood response to the acute ingestion of cheddar cheese in comparison to that of milk. To determine the muscle mTORC1 response to the acute ingestion of cheddar cheese in comparison to that of milk.

Detailed Description
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Each subject will take part in two metabolic studies. Each metabolic study was designed to test the acute blood and muscle response to an ingested amount of either cheddar cheese or milk. Approximately, one month after the first experiment (Metabolic Study #1), the participant will complete the second experiment (Metabolic Study #2) which was exact in design and at the same time of day as the first study but the participant ingested the alternate food product. The morning of the metabolic studies, the participant will arrive at the clinical research center after a 10h fast. A catheter will be placed in the participants' arm for blood sampling. Next, the participant will undergo a fasted thigh skeletal muscle biopsy. Following the muscle biopsy, the participant will consume either cheddar cheese (65g) or milk (370 mL) each amounting to 20g of protein. Subsequent muscle biopsies will occur at 60 and 180min after product ingestion. Blood sampling will occur in the fasted state and periodically after ingestion of the products (up to 300min).

Official Title
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Anabolic Effects of Cheddar Cheese Consumption in Human Skeletal Muscle

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Cheddar Cheese
* Dietary Supplement: Milk


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age between 18-35y Exclusion Criteria: History of cardiovascular disease History of endocrine or metabolic disease (e.g., hypo/hyperthyroidism, diabetes) History of kidney disease or failure History of liver disease History of respiratory disease (acute upper respiratory infection, chronic lung disease) History of stroke with motor disability Use of anticoagulant therapy (e.g., Coumadin, heparin) including aspirin and fish oils within 7d of the first biopsy experiment Elevated systolic blood pressure >150 or a diastolic blood pressure > 100 Smoking Recent anabolic or corticosteroids use (within 12 weeks) Pregnancy as determined by a pregnancy test self report of lactose intolerance Any other medical condition or event considered exclusionary by the PI and faculty physician

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Participants take part in an experiment in which they consume cheese then at another time consume milk
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Cheddar chese<br>Once enrolled, participants will either ingest 20 grams of protein from 1) cheese or 2) milk for the first Metabolic Study and then the other product when they return after the washout period ( 1 month) for Metabolic Study #2. | Dietary Supplement: Cheddar Cheese<br>* 20g of protein from cheddar cheese<br>|
| Active Comparator: Milk<br>Once enrolled, participants will ingest 20 grams of protein from 1) cheese or 2) milk for the first Metabolic Study and then the other product when they return after the washout period ( 1 month) for Metabolic Study #2. | Dietary Supplement: Milk<br>* 20g of protein from milk<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Response to cheese or milk ingestion | blood amino acids area under the curve in response to acute stimulation of cheese or milk consumption | Area under the curve 0-300min after ingestion | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Response to cheese or milk ingestion | muscle mTORC1 change in response to acute stimulation of cheese or milk | Change between 60min after ingestion and fasted response |