Retinal Vascular Manifestations in Patients With Common Internal Diseases on OCTA Tomography Angiography

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia are common internal diseases, and all diseases are atherosclerosis risk factors. Previous studies applied color fundus photography to analyze retinal vascular changes (including exudation, hemorrhage, neovascularization, etc.) in patients with hypertension or diabetes, but the examination results could not be quantified. This study intends to apply optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to examine retinal vessels. This method has the following advantages: 1) It can quantify vascular changes, and 2) It is noninvasive and reproducible for patients' follow-up. This study was designed to investigate retinal vascular changes in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia on OCTA. We will collect the patients' general information (gender, age), comorbidities, medications, blood lipids, blood glucose, carotid ultrasound, ankle-brachial index, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, color fundus photography, and OCTA results. We will follow up with the patients for five years and conduct the mentioned examinations once a year. We will also investigate the correlation between systemic atherosclerosis (such as coronary artery stenosis, and carotid artery stenosis) and retinal vasculopathy in patients with these diseases.

Detailed Description
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Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia, who go to the department of geriatric medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital from March 2022 to December 2023 will be included. We will collect general information, comorbidities, medication, laboratory tests, and examination results. These patients will be followed up for 5 years with a yearly collection of comorbidities, medication, laboratory tests, and examination results.

Official Title
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Retinal Vascular Manifestations in Patients With Common Internal Diseases on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Conditions
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Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemias

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: No intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with hypertension Or patients with diabetes Or patients with dyslipidemia Agree to participate in this study Exclusion Criteria: Patients with malignant tumors Patients with autoimmune diseases Patients with immunodeficiency disease Disagree to participate in this study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Hypertension<br>No intervention | Other: No intervention<br>* No intervention<br>|
| Diabetes mellitus<br>No intervention | Other: No intervention<br>* No intervention<br>|
| Dyslipidemia<br>No intervention | Other: No intervention<br>* No intervention<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vascular density of the retina | percent | up to 5 years of follow-up. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size of the retina | mm2 | When participating in the study, and once a year during 5 years of follow-up. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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OCTA, Hypertension, Diabetes, Dyslipidemias