The Effect of Breakfast Size Prior to Morning Exercise on Cognition, Mood and Appetite in Habitually Active Women

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Both regular exercise and breakfast consumption have well known health benefits. Consuming breakfast prior to morning exercise may influence appetite, mood and cognitive function later in the day. The purpose of this study is to test whether the amount of food consumed at breakfast prior to exercise influences these parameters in active women.

Official Title
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The Effect of Breakfast Size Prior to Morning Exercise on Cognition, Mood and Appetite Later in the Day in Habitually Active Women

Conditions
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Alteration of Cognitive Function

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Cereal
* Dietary Supplement: No breakfast


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Must be habitually active (exercising for least 30 minutes, 3 times per week for at least the previous 6 months) Must have a normal exercise routine includes a minimum of 1 morning exercise session (which takes place between 6am-11am) each week Must run on a regular basis (at least once per week) and be able to run at a moderate pace for 30 minutes non-stop on a treadmill Must consume breakfast on most days of the week, usually consume breakfast before undertaking a morning exercise session and be comfortable consuming a bowl of cereal 45mins before running Exclusion Criteria: English not first language Smoking Previous or current eating disorders, metabolic disorders, gastric problems or any contraindications of exercise. Pregnancy The habitual use of some prescription or over the counter medications (excluding contraception) or herbal/dietary supplements (please ask the researcher) A history of or current learning difficulties, ADHD or dyslexia Daily use of an inhaler to control asthma Allergies or intolerances to any of the foods provided in the study (Special K cereal, semi-skimmed milk, pasta, tomato sauce, cheese, olive oil, rice, custard)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: No Breakfast<br>Water only | Dietary Supplement: No breakfast<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: 20g Cereal<br>20g Kelloggs Special K cereal with 83ml semi-skimmed milk | Dietary Supplement: Cereal<br> <br> * Other names: Breakfast cereal;|
| Active Comparator: 40g Cereal<br>40g Kelloggs Special K cereal with 166ml semi-skimmed milk | Dietary Supplement: Cereal<br> <br> * Other names: Breakfast cereal;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cognitive function change from baseline scores | Participants will complete 4 cognitive tasks (Four Choice Reaction Time, NBack, Stroop and RVIP) measuring reaction time, short-term memory, speed of processing and attention. | Assessed hourly until 4.5 hours and at 6.5 and 10.5 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mood change from baseline scores | Mood will be assessed using Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) immediately before and after each set of cognitive tasks. | Assessed hourly until 4.5 hours and at 6.5 and 10.5 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Breakfast size, Exercise, Cognitive performance, Mood, Appetite, Active women