Loaded Breathing Training in Essential Hypertension

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to determine whether adding load to slow controlled breathing training could enhance blood pressure lowering in patients with essential hypertension.

Detailed Description
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Hypertension (HT) is one of the major risk of cardiovascular diseases and cost of pharmacological treatment is a very high. Lifestyle modification is the first trial in stage 1 hypertension before commencing pharmacological treatment and a co-treatment with drug in hypertensive patient. Slow paced breathing training and physical training has been shown to reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in HT. Moreover loaded breathing was reported to be able to decrease blood pressure in healthy. Loaded slow breathing training may enhance the antihypertensive effect of slow paced breathing.

Official Title
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Effects of Loaded Breathing Training on Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertensive Patients

Conditions
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Essential Hypertension

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: ULB , LB


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Clinical diagnosis of essential hypertension stage I-II Exclusion Criteria: Respiratory disease Diabetes mellitus Heart disease Renal disease Cerebrovascular disease Dyslipidemia Pregnancy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 35 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: control<br>The patients in this control group do not conduct any breathing training. | |
| Experimental: ULB<br>The patients conduct controlled slow breathing training using the WPTB device without inspiratory resistance. | Device: ULB , LB<br>* ULB: The patients breath in slowly without resistance via the water pressure threshold breathing (WPTB) device, 30 min/day, 7 days/week for 8 weeks. LB : The patients breath in slowly against resistance of 20 cmH2O provided by the water pressure threshold breathing (WPTB) device, 30 min/day, 7 days/week for 8 weeks.<br>* Other names: Controlled breathing training;|
| Experimental: LB<br>The patients breath in against resistance using WPTB device. | Device: ULB , LB<br>* ULB: The patients breath in slowly without resistance via the water pressure threshold breathing (WPTB) device, 30 min/day, 7 days/week for 8 weeks. LB : The patients breath in slowly against resistance of 20 cmH2O provided by the water pressure threshold breathing (WPTB) device, 30 min/day, 7 days/week for 8 weeks.<br>* Other names: Controlled breathing training;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Home blood pressure |  | Pre- and post - 8 weeks of intervention at rest | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Office blood pressure |  | Pre- and post- 8 weeks of intervention at rest | 
| Exercising blood pressure |  | Blood pressure during exercise at pre- and post-8 weeks of intervention | 
| Heart rate variability |  | Heart rate variability at pre-and post- 8 weeks of intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Breathing exercise, blood pressure, hypertension