Comprehensive Versus Traditional Lifestyle Program

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Despite recommends that school-based interventions use a comprehensive approach for health promotions; most fitness programs exclusively emphasize physical activity. This study compared the comprehensive Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology (THINK) program to a traditional YMCA program (The Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK) fitness curriculum) on measures of physical fitness, body composition, and executive cognitive function outcomes among 105 ethnic minority children (9±1.03 years old) following a 10-week intervention period.

Detailed Description
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Despite recommendations that school-based interventions use a comprehensive approaches for health promotions; most fitness programs exclusively emphasize physical activity. This study compared the comprehensive Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology (THINK) program to a traditional YMCA program (The Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK) fitness curriculum) on measures of physical fitness, body composition, and executive cognitive function outcomes among 105 predominantly, ethnic minority children (9±1.03 years old) following a 10week intervention period.

Official Title
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THINK (Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology) Junior Edition

Conditions
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Obesity, Physical Fitness, Cognitive Function 1, Social

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: THINK
* Behavioral: SPARK


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: To be eligible for this study, subjects had to be between the ages of eight and 12, enrolled in a YMCA program, and able to participate in physical activity. Parents were provided with information packets regarding project details, a parental consent form, and a child assent form. Once the subjects assented and parents consented, a health questionnaire regarding child's age, gender, race/ethnicity, health history and SES was completed. Exclusion Criteria: Subjects with metabolic, cardiovascular, neuromuscular and psychological disorders and with medications that would interfere with testing results were excluded from the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 8 Years
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: THINK<br>The Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology (THINK) program will have education and fitness sessions lasting two hours, five times a week for a total of 10 weeks. Sessions will include theory, clinical laboratory activities, and physically active games to facilitate a fun environment to enhance physical and health-related fitness, improve nutrition and exercise knowledge and behaviors, and exercise enjoyment and self-confidence. | Behavioral: THINK<br>* The THINK curriculum was based on the principles of exercise physiology and health behaviors. Sessions included educational components, concentrating on physiology, nutrition, laboratory experiences, and structured physical fitness activities.<br>|
| Active Comparator: SPARK<br>This The Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK) group will receive the traditional YMCA SPARK after-school program. They will undergo the same pre and post testing protocol as the intervention group, but will not receive the THINK program. | Behavioral: SPARK<br>* traditional YMCA program<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Aerobic Fitness | The National Institute of Medicine Toolbox two-minute Walk Endurance Test was used to measure aerobic fitness | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in Grip Strength | Grip strength was measures using a Jamar plus handgrip dynamometer. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in Abdominal Strength | The one-minute curl-up test was used to measure abdominal strength and endurance. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in Lower Body Strength | Lower body strength, specifically for the quadriceps muscle group, was assessed with the wall squat test. A vertical jump test utilizing a Vertec. was used to assess lower body power . The vertical jump test data were used to estimate average power (W) according to the Lewis formula Average Power (W) = √4.9 x mass (kg) x √VJ (m) x 9.81. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in Percent Body Fat | Body composition and body fat was measured using the Inbody-520 multi-frequency bioimpedance analyzer. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in BMIz | A CDC growth chart statistical resource was used to calculate BMIz using height, weight, age, and gender. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in Visceral Abdominal Fat | The Saggital Abdominal Height was used as estimate of visceral abdominal fat using a portable anthropometer. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 
| Change in Waist circumference | Waist circumference was used to measure central adiposity with a Gulick body tape measure. | Baseline and 10 Weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Physical Fitness, Body Composition, Executive Cognitive Function