Comparison of the Effect of MCFA and LCFA on Postprandial Appetite and Lipemia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The main objective is to investigate if foods high in coconut oil (MCFA) or palm oil (LCFA) have different impacts on postprandial blood lipid levels and appetite via a visual analog scale (VAS).

Detailed Description
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Postprandial lipemia has been recognized as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. The rate of postprandial triglyceride production and clearance in the blood, as well as the appetite, are influenced by the quality of the food consumed, such as the length of saturated fatty acids. The study will include 24 healthy adults ranging in age from 18 to 40 years old, of both sexes and it will be conducted at the University of Jordan. The study will involve two experimental test days, each separated by at least a week of washout interval, and each test day will last for 6 hours. All subjects will be randomly assigned to one of the experimental meals using computer-generated tables. Blood serum samples (2 mL) will be taken after an overnight fast and 2, 4, and 6 hours after eating the meals, and blood lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG)] will be examined in a private lab. After that, participants will be allowed an ad libitum intake of standard meals. Each meal will be weighed before and after it is consumed, with the amount of food ingested being calculated.

Official Title
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Comparison of the Effect of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids and Long-Chain Fatty Acids on Postprandial Appetite and Lipemia

Conditions
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Lipemia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Coconut oil
* Dietary Supplement: Palm oil


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age between 18-50 years Males and females Apparently healthy Fasting triglyceride (TG) < 2.5 mmol/L or 222 mg/dl at the time of screening. Body mass index (BMI) in normal range (18.5-24.9). Stable weight for at least 3 months Exclusion Criteria: Consumption of lipid-lowering drugs or any medication that might affect appetite. Consumption of any supplement that may affect lipid metabolism or appetite on a regular basis for the past month. Regular consumption of two or more fish meals a week over the previous month. A history of diabetes, gastrointestinal , liver disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft or established atherosclerotic disease. Current smokers Pregnant , breastfeeding, postmenopausal or suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Athlete Being on a diet or lifestyle changes for the past month.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: randomized crossover single-blinded intervention study
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Coconut oil<br>The coconut oil will be given to each participant in the amount of 40 g, which will be incorporated into biscuits. Each participant will have ten minutes to consume biscuits with 250 ml of water. No other food will be consumed during the study period (6 hours). After that, participants will be allowed an ad libitum intake of standard meals. Each meal will be weighed before and after it is consumed, with the amount of food ingested being calculated. Then the participants will take the other treatment after a 1-week washout interval. | Dietary Supplement: Coconut oil<br>* Coconut oil will be given to each participant in the amount of 40 g, which will be incorporated into biscuits.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Palm oil<br>The palm oil will be given to each participant in the amount of 40 g, which will be incorporated into biscuits. Each participant will have ten minutes to consume biscuits with 250 ml of water. No other food will be consumed during the study period (6 hours). After that, participants will be allowed an ad libitum intake of standard meals. Each meal will be weighed before and after it is consumed, with the amount of food ingested being calculated. Then the participants will take the other treatment after a 1-week washout interval. | Dietary Supplement: Palm oil<br>* Palm oil will be given to each participant in the amount of 40 g, which will be incorporated into biscuits.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Anthropometric measurements ( Height) | Standing height, without footwear, will be taken using stadiometer to the nearest 5mm | baseline, pre-intervention, 1 day for each participant /during 3 months | 
| Anthropometric measurements (Weight) | Bioelectrical impedance will be used to determine body weight | baseline, pre-intervention, 1 day for each participant /during 3 months | 
| Anthropometric measurements (waist circumference) | Waist circumference (WC) will be measured at the midway between the lowest ribs and the iliac crest using a standard tape to the nearest 1 cm | baseline, pre-intervention, 1 day for each participant /during 3 months | 
| Anthropometric measurements (percentage body fat) | Bioelectrical impedance will be used to determine body composition | baseline, pre-intervention,1 day for each participant /during 3 months | 
| Biochemical measurements (Total cholesterol (TC)) | Up to 6 hours | After the intervention / up to 3 months from collecting the samples | 
| Biochemical measurements (Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)) | Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol test will be performed after an overnight fast and 2, 4, and 6 hours after eating the meals | Up to 6 hours | 
| Biochemical measurements ( High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)) | High-density lipoprotein cholesterol test will be performed after an overnight fast and 2, 4, and 6 hours after eating the meals | Up to 6 hours | 
| Biochemical measurements (Triglyceride (TG)) | Triglyceride test will be performed after an overnight fast and 2, 4, and 6 hours after eating the meals | Up to 6 hours | 
| Dietary intake (3-days food record) | Participants will be asked to fill out a food record to track changes in their (intake) appetite | one day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Postprandial lipemia