Nighttime Losartan in Continous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (NVCAPD)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Hypertension is one of the most important independent risk factors for the prognosis of continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. The incident rate is high and the control rate is low. Nocturnal hypertension has been paid more attention in recent years. Compared to daytime blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure is an independent and efficient prognostic indicator of hypertensive deaths and cardiovascular events, but it is lack of evidence about its impact on prognosis in peritoneal dialysis patients and the effective treatment program. Our previous cohort study suggests that the incidence of nocturnal hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease is up to 71.22%, with a significant increase as the decline of renal function, and more severe target organ damage in patients with nocturnal hypertension: the decrease of glomerular filtration rate, left ventricular hypertrophy, and the increase of all cause death and cardiovascular death. Our small sample size study show that night time antihypertensive drugs can better control blood pressure and delay the development of left ventricular hypertrophy. These preliminary results suggest that nocturnal hypertension is closely related to the prognosis of chronic renal disease. Taking antihypertensive drugs at night is one of the options for controlling nocturnal hypertension. However, it is not clear whether taking antihypertensive drugs at night can improve the prognosis of maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients with nocturnal hypertension. To this end, the investigators collect continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with nocturnal hypertension, and propose a time selective use of losartan to intervene in nocturnal hypertension. By comparing the difference in the effects of losartan on the prognosis of maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients during the day or night, to further clarify the role of nocturnal hypertension in the prognosis of maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients, whether controlling nocturnal hypertension can improve the prognosis of maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients. The completion of study will optimize the prevention and treatment of hypertension in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients, and provide an evidence for precise prevention and treatment of nocturnal hypertension in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients.

Official Title
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Effect of Nighttime Losartan on Prognosis of Nocturnal Hypertension Patients Undergoing Continous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Conditions
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Hypertension,Nephropathy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Losartan


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age over 18 years old and <75 years. Diagnosed as chronic kidney disease 5th stage in accordance with the KDIGO guide 2012 (egfr < 15 ml/ (min 1.73m2)). Accept 3-5 bags daily, continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for >3 months. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring indicates nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 120mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 70mmHg. Exclusion Criteria: Night learning or work, irregular rest for a long time. Moderate and severe edema in difficult to correct Persistent atrial fibrillation. Severe anemia and severe dystrophy. Patients with postural hypotension or symptomatic hypotension. Severe side effects or contraindications of valsartan treatment. Treatment of corticosteroids or other hormones at present. Unable to cooperate or unable to tolerate ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Ineffective ambulatory blood pressure data. The clinical data were incomplete during the treatment period; end-point events occurred within 6 months or follow-up time was less than 6 months. In the first 3 months before admission, there were obvious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction or stroke. There were complications such as vascular disease, infection and bleeding within 1 months.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: nighttime group<br>patients with nocturnal hypertension taking losartan at nighttime | Drug: Losartan<br>* Participants will be divided into 2 groups as daytime group and nighttime group The participants in daytime group will take 100-200mg Losartan in the morning between 6AM to 8AM. The participants in nighttime group will take 100-200mg Losartan at night between 9PM to 11PM .<br>* Other names: Cozaar;|
| Active Comparator: daytime group<br>patients with nocturnal hypertension taking losartan at daytime | Drug: Losartan<br>* Participants will be divided into 2 groups as daytime group and nighttime group The participants in daytime group will take 100-200mg Losartan in the morning between 6AM to 8AM. The participants in nighttime group will take 100-200mg Losartan at night between 9PM to 11PM .<br>* Other names: Cozaar;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| all-cause mortality | Rate of death caused by all causes | 5 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| cardiovascular mortality | Rate of death caused by cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction,arrythmia and heart failure | 5 years | 
| cerebrovascular mortality | Rate of death caused by cerebral vascular events, such as stroke | 5 years | 
| incidence of cardiocerebral vascular events | Incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events that require hospitalization and lead to death or non death, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke,vascular reconstruction,peripheral vascular disease, and non-traumatic amputation | 5 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Nocturnal hypertension,Peritoneal dialysis,Losartan