Characterization of Hamstring and Quadriceps Neuromuscular Fatigue After Soccer Game

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is a monocentric study comparing hamstring and quadriceps neuromuscular fatigue after simulated soccer game, anaerobic and aerobic training sessions. The purpose of this study was: To quantify the decrease of isometric force immediately after a simulate soccer game. To characterize peripheral and central fatigue between hamstring and quadriceps muscles and described the kinetics of recovery after specific tasks of soccer training. To compare the level neuromuscular fatigue induced by anaerobic and aerobic training. To highlight correlation between neuromuscular fatigue and performance markers.

Official Title
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Characterization of Hamstring and Quadriceps Neuromuscular Fatigue After Different Modality of Training in Soccer Players

Conditions
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Neuromuscular Fatigue, Exercise

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Physical exercices


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: male age limits: minimum: 16 ; maximum: 40 years old to be a soccer player, licensed to the French Football Federation affiliation to the social health insurance scheme signing an informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: impossibility to give the subject enlightened information (subject in emergency situation, difficulties in understanding the study, …) subject under the protection of justice subject under guardianship or curatorship lower limbs musculotendinous or articular problems smoker or having been a smoker in the last 5 years subject wearing a pacemaker drug treatment in progress and impossibility to stop it within 7 days before the beginning of the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 16 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: three randomizations will be used to determine the order of the tests that will be proposed to the subjects: on the one hand for the exercise modalities (match, anaerobic, aerobic) and, on the other hand, for the exercise modalities included in the anaerobic and aerobic exercise families: Anaerobic agility / anaerobic - linear sprints Aerobic - shuttle / aerobic - linear
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Physical exercices arm<br>three randomizations will be used to determine the order of the tests that will be proposed to the subjects: on the one hand for the exercise modalities (match, anaerobic, aerobic) and, on the other hand, for the exercise modalities included in the anaerobic and aerobic exercise families: Anaerobic agility / anaerobic - linear sprints Aerobic - shuttle / aerobic - linear | Other: Physical exercices<br>* surface EMG: surface electrodes will be positioned on the muscles to evaluate the level of muscle activation non invasive muscular neurostimulations : application of a percutaneous electrical stimulation of the motor nerve of the considered muscle and a direct electrical stimulation of the muscle<br>* Other names: Surface EMG;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Difference in maximal isometric hamstring strength before and immediately after exercise (i.e., pre vs. immediate post exercise) expressed as a percentage (%). |  | Before and immediately post exercise (i.e., during the first minute after cessation of exercise) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Relative difference (in %) in maximum isometric hamstring strength before and after exercise (i.e., pre- vs. post-exercise), relative to pre-exercise strength across different test types. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Relative difference (in %) in maximal isometric quadriceps strength before and after exercise (i.e., pre vs. post exercise), related to preexercise strength according to the different types of tests. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Relative difference (%) in maximum isometric hamstring and quadriceps strength for each test type at the different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Difference in pre- and post-exercise (i.e., pre- vs. post-exercise) hamstring potentiated jerk amplitude (N) relative to pre-exercise amplitude by event type at different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Difference in pre- and post-exercise (i.e., pre- vs. post-exercise) potentiated jerk amplitude (N) of the quadriceps, relative to pre-exercise amplitude, by test type at different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Difference in amplitude of the potentiated jerk (N) before and after exercise, related to the preexercise amplitude according to the muscle involved (hamstrings or quadriceps) and the type of test at different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Difference in the level of voluntary hamstring activation, expressed in newtons (N), before and after exercise, related to the pre-exercise action level, according to the type of test at different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Difference in the level of voluntary quadriceps activation, expressed in newtons (N), before and after exercise, related to the pre-exercise action level, according to the type of test at different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Difference in the level of voluntary action before and after exercise, related to the level of action before exercise, according to the muscle involved (hamstrings or quadriceps) and the type of test at different times of interest. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Differences in overall fatigue, peripheral fatigue, and central fatigue of hamstrings versus quadriceps between exercise modalities. | Determine the modalities of exercises which induce the highest level of fatigue and characterize the etiology of neuromuscular fatigue (i.e., peripheral or central) for typical drills performed daily by elite soccer players | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 
| Ratio (%) of initial to post-exercise values based on field indicators and neuromuscular fatigue. |  | Before and immediately post exercise, 5, 10, 15, 30-minutes and 24 and 48-hours post-exercise | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Hamstring, Neuromuscular fatigue, Soccer, Performance