Exercise as Cardio Protective Modulates in Diabetic Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Physical exercise for 6 months produced significant improvement in adiponectin, hs-CRP, and nitric oxide (NO) and was significantly correlated with adiposity markers, lipid profile and glycemic control factors in both obese and non-obese diabetic patients. Patients with good physical activity reported a significant decrease in BMI, CHD risk scores, reduced hs-CRP, an increase in the levels of adiponectin and nitric oxide. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, adiposity markers, lipid profile, hs-CRP, and adiponectin were significantly improved following moderate exercise interventions

Detailed Description
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To elucidate the potential role of exercise as anti-adiposity and anti-cardio protective modulates, we thought to investigate the effect of supervised aerobic training of moderate intensity on adiposity markers, nitric oxide level, plasma adiponectin, hs-CRP, and its association with CHD risk score in obese and non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Official Title
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Supervised Aerobic Exercise as Anti-adiposity and Cardioprotective Modulates in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Conditions
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Diabetes Mellitus, Exercise

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Supervised aerobic exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients with type 2 diabetes for more than 5 years. Patients who were diagnosed according to the criteria of the American diabetes association. Not receiving any drugs affecting the data obtained had Normal daily diets Not participating in any other exercise programs Without any musculoskeletal disorders affecting an exercise program Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria included anemia, overt complications of diabetes like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, obvious ischemic heart disease (angina, myocardial infarction, and lead electrocardiogram abnormalities), HCV, HBV, chronic liver and kidney diseases, hypothyroidism, and drugs (diuretics; oral contraceptives).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 45 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| non-obese<br>non-obese diabetic patients (n= 25, BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2) were subjected to supervised aerobic exercise | |
| obese group<br>obese diabetic group (n= 25, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | Other: Supervised aerobic exercise<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Estimation of coronary heart disease risk score | The incidence risk score of coronary heart disease among type 2 diabetic participants .patients were classified into T2DM patients with high CHD risk (UKPDS risk ; ≥ 20%), moderate CHD risk (UKPDS risk ; 10-20%), and low (UKPDS risk;< 10%) . | six months | 
| Analysis of blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) | Blood glucose was measured using a glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) colorimetric method before and after exercise training | six months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Analysis of Nitric Oxide | Plasma NO concentration was estimated as nitrate and nitrite using High Performance Liquid Chromatography technology (HPLC). Patients were subjected for nitri oxide analysis before and after exercise training interventions | six months |