Comparison the Effects of Deep Water Running and Treadmill Running

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of different exercise programs as 'Deep Water Running' and 'Treadmill Running' in sedentary young adults.

Detailed Description
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Rapid and explosive movements such as jumping or stair climbing need anaerobic performance. Anaerobic performance is negatively affected by sedentary behaviour due to loss of muscle strength and endurance. Exercise is an effective method to increase muscle strength and physical performance. Exercising in water has unique physiological characteristics such as buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure, and metacentric effect. In addition, exercising in high speeds in water leads strengthening. Deep water running is employed to imitate the running on land. It is advocated that deep water running might result additional benefits than running on land. Therefore, the effect of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of deep water running and treadmill running in sedentary young adults.

Official Title
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Comparison the Effects of Deep Water Running and Treadmill Running on Lower Extremity Anaerobic Exercise Performance in Sedentary Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study

Conditions
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Sedentary Behavior

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Being sedentary according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire Consent of the participant Exclusion Criteria: Problems related to musculoskeletal, neurologic, and cardiopulmonary systems in last six months Any contraindication to exercise in water (water fear, allergy to chlorine) No willingness to continue in the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Deep Water Running<br>Participants in this group will perform running in a vertical position in water. The sessions will be held in deep pool where the feet of the participants will not touch the ground. | Other: Exercise<br>* Exercise sessions will include 10 minutes of warming up, 30 minutes of loading, and 10 minutes of cooling down. The exercises will be performed two times in a week for eight weeks.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Treadmill Running<br>Participants in this group will perform running on a treadmill. | Other: Exercise<br>* Exercise sessions will include 10 minutes of warming up, 30 minutes of loading, and 10 minutes of cooling down. The exercises will be performed two times in a week for eight weeks.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Participants in this group will not interfere regular exercise for 8 weeks. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in lower extremity anaerobic performance | The lower extremity anaerobic performance will be measured by using Wingate Anaerobic Capacity Test. The average power (watt, watt/kg), and peak power (watt/watt/kg) will be recorded. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in lower extremity strength | The strengths of M. Quadriceps Femoris, M. Gluteus Maximus, and M. Gastrocnemius will be assessed by using a hand-held dynamometer. Muscle strength will be recorded in kilograms. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in agility | T agility test will be used for evaluating agility. The time will be recorded for completing the test. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in trunk muscle endurance | Side bridge position will be employed to measure the trunk muscles endurance. The time until the failure in the position will be recorded. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in fatigue | Fatigue will be assessed by using Fatigue Severity Scale. It includes nine items, and each item is scored between 1-7 (1: totally disagree, 7: totally agree). Higher scores indicate higher levels of fatigue. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in total body mass | Total body mass will be measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis and will be recorded in kilograms. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in fat mass | Fat mass will be measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis and will be recorded in kilograms. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in fat free muscle mass | Fat free muscle mass will be measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis and will be recorded in kilograms. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 
| Change in basal metabolism rate | Basal metabolism will be measured by analyzing gas exchange in rest position. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production will be recorded. | At baseline and 8 weeks later | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Running, Exercise, Anaerobic Performance, Agility