A Novel Technique for Prediction of Preterm Birth: Fetal Breathing Patterns

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Preterm birth refers to a delivery that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation. Identification of those who will eventually deliver in the preterm period is very important. However, few interventions have been proven to prolong pregnancy in women at risk such as cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (fFN) level or transvaginal cervical length measurements. In a meta-analysis comparing fetal breathing with cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (fFN) level or transvaginal cervical length measurements, absence of fetal breathing was superior to other methods for prediction of preterm birth in 48 hours or 7 days. In this study, the investigators hypothesized that if a fetus holds its breath in case of preterm birth, then there may be specific fetal breathing patterns during preterm labor, which may be detected by ultrasonography

Detailed Description
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Preterm birth refers to a delivery that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation and it is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. 33% of prenatal hospital admissions are due to preterm labor but almost 50% of patients receiving tocolytics in order to prevent birth deliver in the term period. Therefore, identification of those who will eventually deliver in the preterm period is very important. Ideally, identification of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for preterm birth in will lead to interventions that help prevent this complication. However, few interventions have been proven to prolong pregnancy in women at risk such as cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (fFN) level or transvaginal cervical length measurements. Another method for preterm birth prediction is presence of fetal breathing. In a meta-analysis comparing fetal breathing with cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (fFN) level or transvaginal cervical length measurements, absence of fetal breathing was superior to other methods for prediction of preterm birth in 48 hours or 7 days. In this study, the investigators hypothesized that if a fetus holds its breath in case of preterm birth, then there may be specific fetal breathing patterns during preterm labor, which may be detected by ultrasonography

Official Title
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A Novel Technique for Prediction of Preterm Birth: Fetal Breathing Patterns

Conditions
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Preterm Birth

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Fetal nasal Doppler by ultrasonography


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant patients between 24-37 gestational weeks with preterm labor : Uterine contractions ≥4 in number in 20 minutes or ≥ 8 in number in 60 minutes and one of the following: Cervical dilation ≥ 3 cm Transvaginal cervical length <20mm Exclusion Criteria: Multifetal pregnancy Cervical dilation > 5 cm Heavy vaginal bleeding Non-reassuring fetal non-stress test Preterm premature rupture of membranes Intrauterine growth restriction Oligohydramniosis Fetal anomaly Patients who received tocolytics for preterm labor or corticosteroids for lung maturation Drug or substance use which may depress fetal breathing

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Nasal Doppler<br>Pregnant patients who present with preterm labor will be evaluated with ultrasonography and fetal nasal Doppler will be used to detect specific fetal breathing patterns | Device: Fetal nasal Doppler by ultrasonography<br>* Pregnant patients who present with preterm labor will be evaluated with ultrasonography and fetal nasal Doppler will be used to detect specific fetal breathing patterns and measurements will be performed<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Inspiration Duration | Fetal Inspiration Duration | Admission ultrasonography | 
| Expiration Duration | Fetal Expiration Duration | Admission ultrasonography | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Preterm birth, Fetal nasal Doppler, Fetal breathing