Study of Pregnancy Pathologies Associated With Placental Abnormalities

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Pregnancy pathologies can occur from implantation until childbirth. The investigators are interested in the development mechanisms of these pathologies and aim to develop therapies to treat them. The investigators need to collect samples, especially placental samples, following abortions and term and premature deliveries. Abortions will allow investigators to have non-pathological placental material up to 13 weeks. This material will serve as a reference for the understanding of the histological changes that occur in normal placentas collected at term of pregnancy. The latter will, in turn, be compared with the placentas collected during premature deliveries. Also, the abortion product will be cultivated in an environment mimicking the pathology of pre-eclampsia. This study will allow investigators to advance their understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the placenta. The investigators are internationally recognized for their research on these pathologies.

Detailed Description
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Pregnancy pathologies can occur from implantation until childbirth. Clinical and scientific investigators are interested in the study of the mechanisms of development of these pathologies and aim to develop therapies to treat them. The investigators need to collect samples, especially placental samples, following abortions, term, and premature deliveries. Abortions will allow investigators to have non-pathological placental material up to 13 weeks. This material will serve as a reference for understanding the histological changes that occur in normal placentas collected at term of pregnancy. The latter, will in turn, be compared with the placentas collected during premature deliveries. Also, the abortion product will be cultivated in an environment mimicking the pathology of preeclampsia. This study will allow investigators to advance the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the placenta. The investigators are internationally recognized for its research on these thematic.

Official Title
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Study of Pregnancy Pathologies Associated With Placental Abnormalities

Conditions
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Pre-eclampsia, Pre-Term, Fetal Growth Retardation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Histology


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Adult women Admitted to the CHUGA for a birth or an abortion. Pregnant women consenting to the collection of their fetal placenta membranes, during premature deliveries or at term of pregnancy OR Women performing an abortion consenting to the collection of their abortion products. Having signed a consent Affiliated with social security Exclusion Criteria: Placental sample or abortion product unavailable (not collected or necessary for treatment). Patient with known positive HIV or Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C serology or at risk according to the infectious safety criteria applied by the EFS. hemoglobin <7d / dL or hemoglobin <10g / dL if she suffers from a cardio-respiratory pathology). Patient protected by law (minor, hospitalized under duress, subject to a legal protection measure by guardianship or curatorship, deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 52 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Normal, pathological IVG<br>We will use placenta and fetal memebranes collected from first trimester termination of pregnancy. This will constitute group IVG. | Diagnostic Test: Histology<br>* Collect the placenta and fetal membranes and perfor either tissue culture or fixation for further analyses<br>* Other names: immunohistochemistry;|
| Normal and pathological term<br>We will also use the same specimens collected from third trimester pregnancies . We will call this group normal and pathological..... à finaliser | Diagnostic Test: Histology<br>* Collect the placenta and fetal membranes and perfor either tissue culture or fixation for further analyses<br>* Other names: immunohistochemistry;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To better characterize pregnancy pathologies from implantation to childbirth | Comparison of the frequencies (in percentage) of the histological differences of the placenta and its appendages in patients with pathological and normal pregnancies (histological differences of normal pregnancies versus pathological pregnancies. | Analyses will be performed on each collected sample. The measurement is assessed for up to 6 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Link between the frequencies of histological aberrations and worsening of the pathology | Comparison of the severity of the pathology according to the frequencies of aberrations | Assessement of the link between the frequencies of histological aberrations and worsening of the pathology will be assessed on the final cohort; This will take up to 3 hours for each aberration. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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pre-eclampsia, fetal growth retardation, placenta histology, vascularization, trophoblast proliferation