School Feeding to Improve Cognitive Performance in Disadvantaged Children

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This trial investigated the impact of providing a regular meal with and without additional multiple micronutrients for children in Northwest Pakistan on their performance at school, in comparison to a local government school that served as a control i.e. no school meal.

Official Title
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School Feeding to Improve Cognitive Performance in Disadvantaged Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial in in Northwest Pakistan

Conditions
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Cognitive Performance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: School meal
* Other: School meal plus micronutrient powder
* Other: No school meal


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Prep or class 1 Male/ female Exclusion Criteria: Any contraindicating condition
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: No school meal<br> | Other: No school meal<br>* No school meal<br>|
| Experimental: School meal<br> | Other: School meal<br>* School lunch was comprised of rice, ghee and beef<br>|
| Experimental: School meal plus micronutrient powder<br> | Other: School meal plus micronutrient powder<br>* School lunch plus micronutrient powder<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ravens Colour Matrices test for assessment of Cognitive function | Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) (20)is a widely used nonverbal intelligence test for children between the ages of 5 and 11 years. The test comprises 36-items in the form of three sets of 12 items, that increase in difficulty | Baseline | 
| Ravens Colour Matrices test for assessment of Cognitive function | Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) (20)is a widely used nonverbal intelligence test for children between the ages of 5 and 11 years. The test comprises 36-items in the form of three sets of 12 items, that increase in difficulty | 6-months | 
| Ravens Colour Matrices test for assessment of Cognitive function | Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) (20)is a widely used nonverbal intelligence test for children between the ages of 5 and 11 years. The test comprises 36-items in the form of three sets of 12 items, that increase in difficulty | 12-months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Height | Stature measured via a stadiometer | Baseline | 
| Mass | Body mass using a weighing scale | Baseline | 
| Mid upper arm circumference | Arm circumference | Baseline | 
| Height for age | Height for age calculated using the WHO calculator based on the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards. | Baseline | 
| Weight for age | Weight for age calculated using the WHO calculator based on the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards. | Baseline | 
| Haemoglobin | Haemoglobin measured by finger prick blood samples | 6-months | 
| Haemoglobin | Haemoglobin measured by finger prick blood samples | 12-months |