Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Insulin Resistance (HOTAIR2) - Effect of One HBO Session.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Obesity is an epidemic in Western society and is the biggest risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The investigators have recently shown that exposure to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) leads to an increase insulin sensitivity in males ubjects and that this improvement can be measured in all men, not just those with diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the time course of this effect and explore the mechanisms involved. The investigators suspect that insulin sensitivity as measured by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp will be increased within the time-frame of one 2-hour hyperbaric oxygen exposure, and that the improvement will be measurable in females as well as males.

Official Title
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Insulin Resistance (HOTAIR2) - Effect of One HBO Session.

Conditions
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Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Overweight to obese (BMI 25-35 kg/m2) Age >18 years (no specific upper age limit) Fit to enter hyperbaric chamber as assessed by hyperbaric physician. Exclusion Criteria: Personal history of Diabetes Personal history of major psychiatric disorders UIse of prescribed or non-prescribed medications which may affect glucose homeostasis (e.g. steroids), Uncontrolled asthma, Current fever or upper respiratory infections Individuals who regularly perform high intensity exercise (>2 week), Pregnancy, lactation and women who are planning to become pregnant Current intake of >140g alcohol/week, Current smokers of cigarettes/cigars/marijuana, Current inatke of any illicit substance, Claustrophobia has donated blood within past 3 months.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy|Participants will undergo 2 treatments of hyperbaric oxygen. Each treatment consists of 90 minutes compression at 2 atmospheres of pressure, with 30 minutes decompression back to 1 atmosphere. During this time, patients will be treated with 100% oxygen delivered via a hood system.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Insulin sensitivity |  | 2 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hypoxia and inflammatory markers | Using immuno-histo chemistry (IHC), quantitative plymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot | 2 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Insulin resistance, Inflammation, Hypoxia