Functional Evaluation of Kefir Drink on Antifatigue and Exercise Exercise Performance-2

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate potential beneficial effects of Kefir drink (Synbio Tech Inc., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan) on fatigue and ergogenic functions following physiological challenge. Methods: 16 male subjects, 8 in each group, were divided into two groups according to the principle of maximal oxygen uptake, which were (1) first-stage placebo and second-stage Kefir group (hereinafter referred to as group A). (2) The first phase of Kefeier, the second phase of the placebo group (hereinafter referred to as group B), after 4 weeks of supplementation, the performance and fatigue resistance tests were carried out in sequence, including: treadmill aerobic endurance exhaustion time, and fixation Exercise time and intensity challenge changes in blood lactate, blood urea nitrogen concentration and creatine kinase activity, as well as differences in body composition before and after supplementation. After the first phase of the test is completed, the four weeks of emptying are performed. And after adding the crossover sample, perform four weeks of supplementation and testing again.

Official Title
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Functional Evaluation of Kefir Drink on Antifatigue and Improving Exercise Performance

Conditions
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Exercise Performance, Fatigue

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Kefir
* Dietary Supplement: placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: >20 years old health Exclusion Criteria: No smoking drinking habits no nutritional supplements or medications no food allergies normal liver and kidney function no diabetes and other chronic diseases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Kefir drink<br>(2) The first phase of Kefir, the second phase of the placebo group (hereinafter referred to as group B | Dietary Supplement: Kefir<br>* 28 days supplementation kefir drink (prepared by inoculating pasteurized 9.2% reconstituted skim milk with powder kefir starter culture and fermented at 37 °C for 16 h. The fermented milk was then pasteurized at 100 °C for 30 min and freeze dried. The powder kefir starter culture used for inoculation was composed of defined lactic acid bacteria strains which contains Lactobacillus fermentum DSM 32784 (LF26), L. helveticus DSM 32787 (LH43), L. paracasei DSM 32785 (LPC12), L. rhamnosus DSM 32786 (LRH10), and Streptococcus thermophilus DSM 32788 (ST30)), 200ml/day<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: placebo<br>(1) first-stage placebo and second-stage Kefir group (hereinafter referred to as group A). | Dietary Supplement: placebo<br>* Maltodextrin, same calorie as kefir, 200ml/day<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Exercise endurance exhaustion time | We adopted a double-blind test in which the volunteers, based on their basal maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). before and after intervention, the individual basal VO2max during pretest was used as a reference to adjust the individually appropriate exercise intensity to measure exhaustive endurance (85% VO2max) and recording the running time from begin to exhaust. | 28 days | 
| Clinical Biochemistry of lactate level | For assessment of fatigue-related indices, volunteers fasted for at least 8 h before the 60% VO2max fixed intensity exercise challenge. Blood samples were collected with an arm venous catheter at indicated time points during exercise and recovery periods, including baseline (0), 5 (E5), 10 (E10), 15 (E15), and 30 (E30) min during the exercise phase, and 20 (R20), 40 (R40), 60 (R60), and 90 (R90) min in the recovery phase. Serum lactate (mmol/L), were assessed for monitoring physiological adaptation. All biochemical indices were assessed using an autoanalyzer (Hitachi 7060, Tokyo, Japan). | 28 days | 
| Clinical Biochemistry of ammonia level | For assessment of fatigue-related indices, volunteers fasted for at least 8 h before the 60% VO2max fixed intensity exercise challenge. Blood samples were collected with an arm venous catheter at indicated time points during exercise and recovery periods, including baseline (0), 5 (E5), 10 (E10), 15 (E15), and 30 (E30) min during the exercise phase, and 20 (R20), 40 (R40), 60 (R60), and 90 (R90) min in the recovery phase. Serum ammonia (umol/L), were assessed for monitoring physiological adaptation. All biochemical indices were assessed using an autoanalyzer (Hitachi 7060, Tokyo, Japan). | 28 days | 
| Clinical Biochemistry of CK level | For assessment of fatigue-related indices, volunteers fasted for at least 8 h before the 60% VO2max fixed intensity exercise challenge. Blood samples were collected with an arm venous catheter at indicated time points during exercise and recovery periods, including baseline (0), 5 (E5), 10 (E10), 15 (E15), and 30 (E30) min during the exercise phase, and 20 (R20), 40 (R40), 60 (R60), and 90 (R90) min in the recovery phase. Serum CK (U/L), were assessed for monitoring physiological adaptation. All biochemical indices were assessed using an autoanalyzer (Hitachi 7060, Tokyo, Japan). | 28 days | 
| Clinical Biochemistry of glucose level | For assessment of fatigue-related indices, volunteers fasted for at least 8 h before the 60% VO2max fixed intensity exercise challenge. Blood samples were collected with an arm venous catheter at indicated time points during exercise and recovery periods, including baseline (0), 5 (E5), 10 (E10), 15 (E15), and 30 (E30) min during the exercise phase, and 20 (R20), 40 (R40), 60 (R60), and 90 (R90) min in the recovery phase. Serum glucose (mg/dL), were assessed for monitoring physiological adaptation. All biochemical indices were assessed using an autoanalyzer (Hitachi 7060, Tokyo, Japan). | 28 days |