Cognitive Distraction on Food Intake: Randomized Crossover Exploratory Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study determined effects of a cognitive distraction on amount, preference, and memory of food consumed and perceptions of fullness, hunger, and enjoyment of food in a healthy young-adult population. A randomized controlled crossover study of 119 healthy adults, assigned to begin in either the distracted or control condition, was conducted.

Detailed Description
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Environmental distractions have been shown to affect eating patterns. Influences of food environments on consumption patterns and not simply food choices are becoming increasingly clear for their contributions to energy intake. Of particular interest is the presence of distraction. It has been postulated that when distracted, individuals are inclined to consumer more than when not distracted. However, how distraction and memory impact subsequent food choice and preference is less well known. A Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVIP) task was applied to distract individuals while eating; food intake and food behaviors were measured after RVIP distraction and compared to food intake and food behaviors without distraction in the same individuals.

Official Title
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Effect of a Cognitive Distraction on Amount, Preference, and Memory of Food Consumed: a Randomized Crossover Exploratory Study

Conditions
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Obesity, Weight, Body

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Rapid Visual Information Processing task
* Behavioral: None or Control condition


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: able to read and speak English and willing to consume foods provided during the study Exclusion Criteria: adhering to any dietary restrictions or diets, having any food allergies, and/or having any chronic or metabolic diseases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 25 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Randomized controlled crossover study where participants were assigned to begin in the distracted or control condition. One week later, participants completed the opposite condition.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Distraction<br>Distraction during eating using the Rapid Visual Information Processing task as the distraction | Behavioral: Rapid Visual Information Processing task<br>* A series of numbers appeared on a computer screen at a rate of one per minute. Each participant was required to identify any series of three consecutive odd or even numbers by hitting the space bar on the keyboard. The task lasted 15 minutes and included a 1-minute practice session before food being served. Participants were instructed to eat at will while completing the computer task.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Control<br>No distraction during eating | Behavioral: None or Control condition<br>* Participant were instructed to eat at will during a 15-minute duration.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Food intake | Consumption of food by number of food items eaten | Up to 14 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Snack intake | Consumption of snack choices by number of food items eaten | Up to 14 days | 
| Memory of food intake | Recording of food that was eaten during the condition period by number of food items eaten | Up to 14 days | 
| Fullness | How full do you feel right now? by 100mm visual analog scale; 0=not at all to 100=very much | Up to 14 days | 
| Hunger | How hungry do you feel right now? by 100mm visual analog scale; 0=not at all to 100=very much | Up to 14 days | 
| Enjoyment | How much did you enjoy the meal provided? by 100mm visual analog scale; 0=not at all to 100=very much | Up to 14 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Distraction, Eating behavior, Fullness, Hunger, Ingestive behavior, Rapid visual information processing