Using Heavy Water to Study Cell Dynamics in Parkinson's Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This pilot study will assess the feasibility of using heavy water as a safe 'tracer' for biomarker studies of diseases of the brain and spinal cord, that, together, are also called the central nervous system (CNS). Heavy water, also called deuterated water or D20, is the same as normal drinking water except the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by deuterium, a naturally occurring isotope of hydrogen. In particular, this study will use heavy water to define: 1) The rate of immune cell proliferation (growth) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to blood. This study will be examining a particular type of immune cell called T lymphocytes. 2) This study will also examine selected molecules generated by nerve cells of the CNS to understand their rate of secretion and turnover in healthy control participants, HIV-1-infected participants and participants with a non-HIV-related neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This study will involve the administration of heavy water orally for either seven days, 12 days or six weeks. Measurements will be taken by lumbar puncture (LP, also known as a spinal tap). Blood (approximately five tablespoons per visit) will also be obtained at each of the lumbar puncture appointments. If this method can be used to establish the rates of immune cell turnover and the production rates of neuronal molecules using cerebrospinal fluid, it will provide unique data that is important to understand chronic neurodegenerative conditions, like PD, and to measure responses to targeted therapies. Hypothesis: D2O, administered orally, can be used to measure the proliferation rates of CSF T cells (and, eventually, of their major phenotypic subsets). D2O can be used to assess the turnover and production rates of CNS constituents that are normally or pathologically shed or secreted into the CSF, including (eventually): cargo molecules transported specifically in neurons in the CNS, such as chromogranin-A and -B, neuregulin-1 (specifically the extracellular secreted ectodomain of neuronal differentiation factor (NDF) isoform type α1, α2, β1, and the acetylcholine receptor inducing activity isoform (ARIA), secreted amyloid precursor protein (sAPP), alpha-synuclein; and APP metabolites amyloid beta (Aβ) 41 and 42.

Official Title
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Cellular and Molecular Kinetics of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Using Heavy Water Labeling Method: A Study of Healthy Controls, CNS HIV Infection, Parkinson's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases

Conditions
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Parkinson's Disease, HIV Infections

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 18 years of age or older healthy controls with no significant medical conditions diagnosed HIV positive patients on or off ARVs diagnosed Parkinson's Disease patients capacity to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: none

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Controls<br>Healthy men and women, 18 years of age or older, who have no history of significant medical conditions. | |
| HIV positive<br>Men and women, 18 years of age or older, who have been diagnosed with HIV infection. Patients may be on or off of ARVs. | |
| Parkinson's Disease<br>Men and women, 18 years of age or older, who have been diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| CSF Biomarkers |  | 40 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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HIV, brain diseases, spinal fluid, HIV positive