Effectiveness of a Nurse Facilitated Face Care Group in Patients With Schizophrenia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to explore the effectiveness of nurse-facilitated face care group on body image and self-esteem in female patients with schizophrenia.

Detailed Description
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Many studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia have poor cleanliness and negligible appearance, which leads to negative body image and low self-esteem. However, there are few researches in Taiwan that nurse facilitated face care group in patients with schizophrenia to improve their body image and self-esteem.This study was to explore the effectiveness of a nurse facilitated face care group in patients with schizophrenia in improving their body image and self-esteem.A total of 96 patients with schizophrenia in a mental hospital in southern Taiwan were recruited in this study. The participants were divided into experimental and control groups through block randomization. In addition to participating in routine functional treatment activities, the experimental group is required to receive an additional 50 minutes of face care grou every two weeks led by the nurse. The patients in control group received routine functional treatment activities, a facial cleansing instruction and five facial cleansing videos. The research tools include demographic data, the subscale in MBSRQ - Appearance evaluation and Appearance orientation, FACE-Q - Appearance-related psychosocial distress. FACE-Q - Satisfaction with outcome. FACE-Q - Psychological function. FACE-Q - Satisfaction with skin. FACE-Q - Social function. Rosenberg self-Esteem scale (RSES). A questionnaire survey of body image and self-esteem was conducted before the intervention, 12 weeks after the intervention and one month after the end of the intervention.The collected data were analyzed by IBM SPSS 24.0 statistical software. The descriptive statistics include mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, frequency distribution, and percentages; the Generalized estimating equation (GEE) were employed to explore the effectiveness of a nurse facilitated face care group in patients with schizophrenia after controlling demographic data.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of a Nurse Facilitated Face Care Group in Patients With Schizophrenia：A Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Body Image

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: nurse facilitated face care group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: People with Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder for more than two years. The age is above 20 year. Can communicate with Mandarin or Taiwanese. The score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) is below 60(included). People are willing to participate in this study, can read and know the consent and can sign on the consent by their own. Exclusion Criteria: Exclude people with a personality disorder, brain injury, cognitive impairment, Intellectual Developmental Disorder or substance use disorder. people who are not willing to sign the consent. people can not read. people can not communicate with Mandarin or Taiwanese.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: routine care<br>The controlled group will receive routine functional treatment activities, a facial cleansing instruction and five facial cleansing videos. | Behavioral: nurse facilitated face care group<br>* The experimental group is required to receive a nurse leading 50- minute face care group every two week<br>|
| Experimental: experimental group<br>experimental group is required to receive a nurse leading 50- minute face care group every two weeks | Behavioral: nurse facilitated face care group<br>* The experimental group is required to receive a nurse leading 50- minute face care group every two week<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in FACE-Q - Appearance-related psychosocial distress | To measure the level of Appearance-related psychosocial distress.There are 8 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect more appearance-related psychosocial distress. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 
| Change in FACE-Q - Satisfaction with outcome | To measure satisfaction with outcome.There are 6 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect more satisfaction with outcome. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 
| Change in The Appearance evaluation subscale in MBSRQ | To measure the attractiveness or lack of attractiveness of an individual's physical appearance, a person's satisfaction or dissatisfaction with his appearance.There are 7 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=neither agree nor disagreeagree, 4=agree, 5=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect more satisfied you are with your appearance | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 
| Change in The Appearance orientation subscale in MBSRQ | To assess how much the individual attaches importance to appearance.There are 12 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=neither agree nor disagreeagree, 4=agree, 5=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect more you care about your appearance. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 
| Change in FACE-Q -Psychological function | To measure psychological function.There are 10 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect higher psychological function. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 
| Change in FACE-Q -Satisfaction with skin | To measure satisfaction with skin.There are 12 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect more satisfaction with skin. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 
| Change in FACE-Q -Social function | To measure satisfaction with skin.There are 8 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree).Higher scores reflect higher social function. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Rosenberg self-Esteem scale (RSES) | To measure the level of self-esteem.There are 10 items in this scale. Using Likert scale to rate each item (1=Strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree) and higher score means higher level of self-esteem. | pre-intervention(T0), at 12 weeks (T1) and 16 weeks (T2) |