The Acute Effect of Mango Intake (Mangifera Indica L.) on Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In the current proposal the investigators seek to evaluate the acute effects of mango intake on blood pressure, blood glucose and insulin in postmenopausal women between 50 and 70 years old.

Detailed Description
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the U.S, and aging is the largest risk factor for vascular diseases. Both male and female adults have increased risk for CVD as they age. For postmenopausal women, this risk is particularly elevated due to the loss of the protective effect of estrogen. It is evident that nutrition plays a crucial role in prevention of chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke and cancer. Scientific evidence shows that high intake of plant-based food lowers the risk of CVD and many other chronic diseases. Polyphenolic compounds in fruits and nuts have been the focus of extensive research regarding their potential to reduce risk for a number of chronic diseases. However, fruits and nuts vary largely in the type and amounts of phytonutrients they provide. Mango (Mangifera Idica L.), a commonly cultivated fruit worldwide, is rich in polyphenolic compounds such as gallic acid, mangiferin, quercetin glycosides, ferulic acid, and hydroxybenzoic acid. Many of those bioactive compounds have been found to have anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects in cell models. For instance, mangiferin has been proved to effectively reducing glucose-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress by inhibiting IREα phosphorylation and ROS production in endothelial cells. However, it is unknown if the phytonutrients in mango will demonstrate a similar impact in humans. Therefore, the overall objective of this study is to investigate the effects of acute mango intake on blood pressure and blood glucose.

Official Title
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The Acute Effect of Mango Intake (Mangifera Indica L.) on Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose

Conditions
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Blood Pressure

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: further fasting
* Other: white bread consumption
* Other: mango consumption


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Postmenopausal female: 50-70 years Women: lack of menses for at least one year and FSH 23-116.3 mlU/mL Subject is willing and able to comply with the study protocols. Subject is willing participate in all study procedures BMI 25.0 - 40 kg/m2 Weight ≥ 110 pounds Exclusion Criteria: BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 Dislike or allergy for mango Self-reported use of daily anticoagulation agents including aspirin, NSAIDs Vegan, Vegetarians, food faddists or those consuming a non-traditional diet Alcohol consumption > 3 drinks/week (i.e. 1 bottle of beer, 1 glass of wine, and 1 shot of hard liquor) Fruit consumption ≥ 2 cups/day Vegetable consumption ≥ 3 cups/day for females Fatty Fish ≥ 3 times/week Coffee/tea ≥ 3 cups/day Dark chocolate ≥ 3 oz/day Self-reported restriction of physical activity due to a chronic health condition Self-reported chronic/routine high intensity exercise Self-reported diabetes Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg Self-reported renal or liver disease Self-reported heart disease, which includes cardiovascular events and Stroke Abnormal Liver, CBC or Chemistry panels (laboratory values outside the reference range) if determined to be clinically significant by the study physician. Self-reported cancer within past 5 years Self-reported malabsorption

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: no mango intake<br>No mango consumption on the study visit | Other: further fasting<br>* 2 hours of fasting<br>|
| Experimental: white bread with same amount of calorie as mango<br>White bread consumption on the study visit | Other: white bread consumption<br>* 113 grams of white bread consumption<br>|
| Experimental: mango consumption<br>mango consumption on the study visit | Other: mango consumption<br>* 330 grams of mango consumption<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in blood pressure | Changes in measures of blood pressure (mmHg) from baseline to two hours following fasting or consumption of white bread or mango. | Baseline, 2 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in blood glucose | Changes in blood glucose from baseline to two hours following fasting or consumption of white bread or mango. | Baseline, 2 hours | 
| Change in insulin levels | Changes in insulin from baseline to two hours following fasting or consumption of white bread or mango. | Baseline, 2 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Blood glucose, Insulin