A Motivational Enhancement Approach to Skin Cancer Prevention

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The specific aims of this research are: Aim 1 - To describe the UV protection behaviors and beliefs of young adult patients in a dermatology clinic. Aim 2 - To examine whether or not the UV protection behaviors and beliefs of young adult dermatology patients are associated with age, gender, level of education, marital status, contact with skin cancer, time outdoors, skin type, the reason for their visit, and the date of data collection. Aim 3 - To test the efficacy of a motivational enhancement approach to UV protection counseling for young adult dermatology patients, as manifested by favorable changes in UV protection stages of change, UV protection self-efficacy, and UV protection attitudes.

Detailed Description
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Although skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, it is highly preventable by reducing exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, recent primary prevention efforts have been inadequate in evoking behavior change, as manifested by increasing rates of ultraviolet radiation exposure, particularly among young adults. These findings indicate the need to research novel approaches to skin cancer prevention. Motivational enhancement techniques facilitate patient-centered, directive discussions wherein practitioners provide clear structure and encourage patients to play an active role in the consultation. The use of motivational enhancement techniques for health behavior change in medical settings has thus far yielded encouraging results for other health behavior change topics, but research has not yet investigated the application of these techniques to skin cancer prevention discussions.

Official Title
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The Feasibility of a Motivational Enhancement Approach to Skin Cancer Prevention in a Sample of Young Adult Patients

Conditions
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Ultraviolet Rays, Motivation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Brief Motivational Enhancement Intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Dermatology patient presenting for scheduled appointment 18-30 years old Exclusion Criteria: Seeking treatment for sunburn Unable to read and understand English Having previously received medical treatment from the interventionist

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control<br>Brochure from the American Academy of Dermatology on protecting your skin from UV rays. | |
| Experimental: Intervention<br>Participation in a brief motivational enhancement session. These participants also received the same American Academy of Dermatology brochure on protecting your skin from UV rays. | Behavioral: Brief Motivational Enhancement Intervention<br>* The motivational enhancement intervention lasted 5-8 minutes and consisted of gaining the client's permission to address the topic of skin cancer prevention, exchanging information through the elicit-provide-elicit strategy of information exchange, and summarization/ conclusion based on verbal and nonverbal cues from the participant.<br>* Other names: Adaptation of Motivational Interviewing;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| UV Protection Stages of Change |  | 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| UV Protection Attitudes |  | 6 months | 
| UV Protection Self-Efficacy |  | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Ultraviolet Rays, Motivation, Health Education, Randomized Controlled Trial, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice