A Study of Pentamidine Plus Dapsone in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-Infected Patients Who Cannot Take Trimethoprim or Sulfonamides

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To compare the safety and efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine and dapsone in the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in high-risk HIV-infected patients who are intolerant to trimethoprim and/or sulfonamides. Both aerosolized pentamidine and dapsone have been shown to prevent PCP, but both drugs cause side effects. This study attempts to determine which drug is more efficacious as prophylaxis against PCP in patients who cannot tolerate trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

Detailed Description
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Both aerosolized pentamidine and dapsone have been shown to prevent PCP, but both drugs cause side effects. This study attempts to determine which drug is more efficacious as prophylaxis against PCP in patients who cannot tolerate trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Patients are evenly divided between two treatment arms to receive either aerosolized pentamidine every 4 weeks or dapsone orally three times weekly. Follow-up data is collected every 3 months, and patients are clinically evaluated every 6 months. Patients who develop PCP or a severe or persistent study drug toxicity may be switched to the alternative study drug at the clinician's discretion. Average duration of follow-up is 2 years.

Official Title
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A Randomized, Comparative, Prospective Study of Monthly Aerosolized Pentamidine and Thrice Weekly Dapsone for Prophylaxis Against PCP in HIV-Infected Patients Who Are Intolerant to Trimethoprim and/or Sulfonamides

Conditions
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Pneumonia, Pneumocystis Carinii, HIV Infections

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Pentamidine isethionate
* Drug: Dapsone


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria Patients must have: HIV infection. CD4 count <= 200 cells/mm3 or <= 15 percent of total lymphocytes OR a history of prior PCP. History of intolerance to trimethoprim and/or sulfonamides. No active pneumocystosis. Patient or guardian must sign informed consent. Pregnant patients are eligible at the clinician's discretion. Patients who do not meet required laboratory values may be eligible at the discretion of the clinician. Exclusion Criteria Concurrent Medication: Excluded: Any medication with potential anti-PCP activity. Patients with the following prior conditions are excluded: Treatment-limiting reaction to pentamidine or dapsone.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Drug: Pentamidine isethionate|nan|
|Drug: Dapsone|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Dapsone, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii, Pentamidine, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS-Related Complex