Temporary Application of Abdominal Jackson-Pratt Drain to Reduce Pain After Laparoscopic Surgery in Gynecology

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Recent evidence has shown that the onset and intensity of post-operative pain are significantly related to the amount of residual pneumoperitoneum at the end of the surgical procedure. In addition, the use of low pressures of carbon dioxide (CO2) for induction of the pnemoperitoneum has been associated with a reduction in post-operative pain, probably due to a lower abdominal distension and a consequent reduced compression of the pelvic, abdominal and sub-diaphragmatic pain nerve fibers. The reduction of the residual pnemoperitoneum at the end of the surgical procedure could therefore play a key role in the reduction of post-operative pain, with consequent greater comfort for the patient and reduction of the use of analgesics. In view of the available evidence, the aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the application of Jackson-Pratt drain, for one hour from the end of the surgical procedure, can significantly reduce post-operative pain and the need of analgesics in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery.

Detailed Description
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Laparoscopy in gynecological surgery offers numerous advantages, such as the reduction of operative time, intra-operative blood loss, post-operative pain and the possibility of early hospital discharge and return to normal daily activities in a short time. Despite these points arewidely validated in the literature, sometimes patients undergoing laparoscopy complain of abdominal pains (although slight in intensity and temporary) in the post-operative period. In some cases, the pain is characteristically irradiated at the shoulders, due to a probable irritation/compression of the phrenic nerve that runs on the lower surface of the diaphragm. Recent evidence has shown that the onset and intensity of post-operative pain are significantly related to the amount of residual pneumoperitoneum at the end of the surgical procedure. In addition, the use of low pressures of carbon dioxide (CO2) for induction of the pnemoperitoneum has been associated with a reduction in post-operative pain, probably due to a lower abdominal distension and a consequent reduced compression of the pelvic, abdominal and sub-diaphragmatic pain nerve fibers. The reduction of the residual pnemoperitoneum at the end of the surgical procedure could therefore play a key role in the reduction of post-operative pain, with consequent greater comfort for the patient and reduction of the use of analgesics. In view of the available evidence, the aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the application of Jackson-Pratt drain, for one hour from the end of the surgical procedure, can significantly reduce post-operative pain and the need of analgesics in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery.

Official Title
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Evaluation of One-hour Application of Abdominal Jackson-Pratt Drain in Order to Reduce Pain After Laparoscopic Surgery in Gynecology

Conditions
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Postoperative Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: abdominal Jackson-Pratt drain


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients affected by uterine fibroids, undergoing laparoscopic surgery; American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification I-II. Exclusion Criteria: inability to express pain; any concomitant diseases requiring upper abdominal surgery, such as cholecystectomy or adhesiolysis; laparoscopic procedures that were converted to open surgery; other causes of known pain; oncological cases; use of drugs for chronic pelvic pain or hormones in the previous 3 months (wash-out period); application of other drainages; intra- or post-operative complications.
Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Randomized controlled trial (no blinded)
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Abdominal Jackson-Pratt drain<br>Patients in this arm will undergo one-hour application of abdominal Jackson-Pratt drain at the end of laparoscopic procedure. | Device: abdominal Jackson-Pratt drain<br>* One-hour application of abdominal Jackson-Pratt drain at the end of laparoscopic procedure.<br>|
| No Intervention: Controls<br>Patients in this arm will not undergo one-hour application of abdominal Jackson-Pratt drain at the end of laparoscopic procedure. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain | Pain perception, expressed as Visual Analogue Score (0-10). | 6 hours after surgery. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain | Pain perception, expressed as Visual Analogue Score (0-10). | 12 hours after surgery. | 
| Pain | Pain perception, expressed as Visual Analogue Score (0-10). | 24 hours after surgery. | 
| Use of Analgesic | Number of requests for rescue analgesia (30 mg ketorolac tromethamine, administrated intravenously). | During the 48 hours after surgery. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Laparoscopic surgery, Pain, Jackson-Pratt drain