The Effects of Exercise Intensity on Mood and Wellbeing

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The study will adopt a between-within group design where participants will exercise at 1 of 4 intensities for 30 minutes at SportsPark Reading. Mood, mental health (e.g., state anxiety and immediate depressive feelings) and physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature) will be assessed before and after exercise intervention to compare the acute change across time for each intensity condition (no exercise (control), low, moderate, high).

Official Title
-----------------
The Effects of Exercise Intensity on Mood and Wellbeing

Conditions
-----------------
Healthy, Exercise, Mood

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Spin Bike Exercise
* Other: Control


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: 18-30 years old Exclusion Criteria: If participants' General Practitioner (GP) has advised them against exercising at low, moderate or high intensities Recent injuries within the last 12 weeks Physical health conditions that may be affected by exercising (e.g., asthma) Taking blood pressure medications

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: High intensity<br> | Other: Spin Bike Exercise<br>* 30 minute spin bike class led by a qualified instructor.<br>|
| Experimental: Moderate intensity<br> | Other: Spin Bike Exercise<br>* 30 minute spin bike class led by a qualified instructor.<br>|
| Experimental: Low intensity<br> | Other: Spin Bike Exercise<br>* 30 minute spin bike class led by a qualified instructor.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: No exercise (control)<br> | Other: Control<br>* 30 minute completing seated activities (e.g., wordsearches)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline state anxiety | State subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) measures both state and trait anxiety in adults; it can be used to distinguish whether individuals are experiencing anxiety. Trait anxiety refers to the participant's disposition to anxiety, whereas state anxiety measures the current anxiousness of participants and is more labile. STAI is a questionnaire consisting of forty self-report items. Subjects are asked to rate the intensities of anxious feelings on a four-point scale: not at all, somewhat, moderately so or very much so. Scores range from twenty to eighty, where higher scores correlate with higher state or trait anxiety. | In the immediate 10 minutes after the end of the intervention | 
| Change from baseline current mood | Positive and Negative Mood Schedule (PANAS). This questionnaire contains 20 items consisting of 10 positive and 10 negative emotions. The participants indicate to what extent they feel each emotion right now on a 5-point Likert Scale of 'very slightly =1 or not at all' to 'Extremely= 5'. Adding up the total positive and negative scores will produce overall positive and negative mood scores. | In the immediate 10 minutes after the end of the intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline depressive aspects of mood | Immediate Mood Scaler (IMS). This questionnaire contains 22 items developed to assess dynamic components of mood. Participants are asked to rate their current mood state on a continuum using 7-point Likert scales (e.g., happy-sad, distracted-focused, sleepy-alert). For each item, an integer score between 1 and 7 is derived. The total score for this scale is the sum of the scores on all 22 items, where a higher score is indicative of better mood. | In the immediate 10 minutes after the end of the intervention |