Tailored Approaches to Stroke Health Education

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The overarching goal of the proposed intervention is to reduce stroke disparities by overcoming pre-hospital barriers related to emergency stroke treatment and facilitating the appropriate response to acute stroke using a novel culturally-tailored and sustainable approach developed by an experienced transdisciplinary team. Building on our previous work, in which the investigators have identified barriers to increasing stroke literacy and behavioral intent to call 911, the investigators will develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a novel, culturally tailored intervention using storytelling (narrative persuasion) in the form of two professionally produced 12-minute films (in English and Spanish), in minority populations in New York City (NYC). Behavioral intent to call 911 will be assessed immediately after viewing the film, 6 months later, and one year later.

Detailed Description
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Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability and costs U.S. taxpayers >$60 billion annually. Interventions designed to educate patients to seek treatment sooner when a stroke occurs may increase low rates of treatment with thrombolysis (current rates 3% national average). Thrombolysis can increase the odds of minimal to zero disability from stroke if emergency medical system response times and in-hospital response times are optimized (maximum time from symptom onset to intravenous thrombolysis is 4.5 hours). Black and Hispanic Americans have higher stroke incidence compared to Whites and are less likely to receive thrombolysis for acute stroke. The latency to hospital arrival is largely dependent on patients' recognition of stroke symptoms, and immediate presentation to the emergency department. The investigators have found very low stroke literacy rates among Blacks and Hispanics compared to Whites, which may, in part, be responsible for disparities in acute stroke treatment.

Official Title
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Tailored Approaches to Stroke Health Education

Conditions
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Stroke

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Stroke Education Film Viewing
* Other: Stroke Education Pamphlet Exposure


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: No prior history of stroke; High risk (defined as a history of one or more stroke risk factor (hypertension (HTN), diabetes, tobacco, abdominal obesity, heart disease, high cholesterol); Over age 34 years at onset of intervention (we have selected this age cut off due to the large increase in stroke incidence among minority groups at age 34 ); Self-identified as Black or Hispanic; and Member of a church congregation who lives in a household with a telephone. Exclusion Criteria: Participant is unable to give consent; A modified Rankin score > 4 at baseline; history of dementia; and terminal illness, or other medical illness resulting in mortality < 1 year.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 34 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention Group<br>Participants will receive education through a novel program called Stroke Education Film Viewing. | Behavioral: Stroke Education Film Viewing<br>* A novel, culturally tailored intervention using storytelling (narrative persuasion) in the form of two professionally produced 12-min films (in English and Spanish), in minority populations in New York City.<br>|
| Other: Usual Care Group<br>Participants will receive education through Stroke Education Pamphlet Exposure. | Other: Stroke Education Pamphlet Exposure<br>* Usual Care: Stroke Education pamphlet and brochure distribution.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Score on Stroke Action Test | The Stroke Action Test (STAT) contains 21 items that name or describe stroke symptoms from all 5 groups of warning signs and 7 items that are nonstroke symptoms. For each item, the respondent selects 1 of 4 options: call 911, call doctor, wait 1 hour, or wait 1 day. For scoring purposes, each correct response receives 1 point; incorrect responses receive 0 points. The total score is reported as percent of correct responses. Scores range from 0% to 100% with a higher score indicating a better outcome. | Within one hour of stroke education intervention. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Score on Stroke Action Test | The Stroke Action Test (STAT) contains 21 items that name or describe stroke symptoms from all 5 groups of warning signs and 7 items that are nonstroke symptoms. For each item, the respondent selects 1 of 4 options: call 911, call doctor, wait 1 hour, or wait 1 day. For scoring purposes, each correct response receives 1 point; incorrect responses receive 0 points. The total score is reported as percent of correct responses. Scores range from 0% to 100% with a higher score indicating a better outcome. | Within six months of stroke education intervention. | 
| Score on Stroke Action Test | The Stroke Action Test (STAT) contains 21 items that name or describe stroke symptoms from all 5 groups of warning signs and 7 items that are nonstroke symptoms. For each item, the respondent selects 1 of 4 options: call 911, call doctor, wait 1 hour, or wait 1 day. For scoring purposes, each correct response receives 1 point; incorrect responses receive 0 points. The total score is reported as percent of correct responses. Scores range from 0% to 100% with a higher score indicating a better outcome. | Within one year of stroke education intervention. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Stroke, Community Health Education, Minority Health, healthcare disparities