Dietary Absorption of Garlic Metabolites Following Garlic Consumption

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study will consist of a single 5-day dietary treatment period. Subjects will consume an Allium-free diet for 3 days. Alliums are vegetables such as garlic, onions, chives, shallots, and leeks. On day 4, subjects will consume a breakfast consisting of garlic and will then provide blood and urine samples for 10 hours, and on the following morning.

Conditions
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Focus is Understanding Absorption of Garlic Metabolites

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Garlic Intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Men and women of age 25 to 75 years at beginning of study BMI between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2 Fasting glucose < 126 mg/dl Blood pressure < 160/100 (controlled with certain medications) Fasting total blood cholesterol < 280 mg/dl Fasting triglycerides < 300 mg/dl Exclusion Criteria: Younger than 25 years old or older than 75 years old Use of blood-thinning medications such as Coumadin (warfarin), Dicumarol (dicumarol), or Miradon (anisindione) Presence of kidney disease, liver disease, gout, certain cancers, thyroid disease, gastrointestinal, other metabolic diseases or malabsorption syndromes. Have been pregnant during the previous 12 months, are currently pregnant or lactating, or plan to become pregnant during the study Type 2 diabetes requiring the use of oral antidiabetic agents or insulin History of eating disorders or other dietary patterns which are not consistent with the dietary intervention (e.g., vegetarians, very low fat diets, high protein diets) Use of prescription or over-the-counter antiobesity medications or supplements (e.g., phenylpropanolamine, ephedrine, caffeine) during and for at least 6 months prior to the start of the study or a history of a surgical intervention for obesity Active cardiovascular disease (such as a heart attack or procedure within the past three months or participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program within the last three months, stroke, or history/treatment for transient ischemic attacks in the past three months, or documented history of pulmonary embolus in the past six months). Use of any tobacco products in past 6 months Unwillingness to abstain from herbal supplements for two weeks prior to the study and during the study Known (self-reported) allergy or adverse reaction to garlic Inability to tolerate garlic Unable or unwilling to give informed consent or communicate with study staff Self-report of alcohol or substance abuse within the past twelve months and/or current acute treatment or rehabilitation program for these problems (Long-term participation in Alcoholics Anonymous is not an exclusion) Other medical, psychiatric, or behavioral factors that in the judgment of the Principal Investigator may interfere with study participation or the ability to follow the intervention protocol

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 25 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Time Course<br>Measurement of garlic metabolites over 24 hours following garlic intervention. | Other: Garlic Intervention<br>* Participants will consume an Allium-free controlled diet for 3 days. On the 4th day, they will consume a test meal containing garlic followed by blood and urine collections for 10 hours. On the 5th day, participants will have a fasting blood and urine collection.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Allyl methyl sulfide | Metabolite will be analyzed in blood and urine. | 24 hour | 
| N-acetyl allylcysteine sulfoxide | Metabolite will be analyzed in blood and urine. | 24 hour | 
| N-acetyl-S-trans-1-propenylcysteine sulfoxide | Metabolite will be analyzed in blood and urine. | 24 hour |