Avelumab in Metastatic or Locally Advanced Solid Tumors (JAVELIN Solid Tumor)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is a Phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation trial of avelumab [antibody targeting programmed death ligand 1 (anti PD-L1)] with consecutive parallel group expansion in participants with selected tumor indications. New recruitment is open for all active cohorts. Active cohorts: Escalation revised dosing regimen cohort. Closed cohorts: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, first line), NSCLC (post-platinum), metastatic breast cancer (MBC), colorectal cancer (CRC), urothelial carcinoma (secondary), mesothelioma, gastric/GEJ cancer (first line switch maintenance and second line), and ovarian cancer (secondary and platinum refractory + liposomal doxorubicin), renal cell carcinoma (second line) melanoma and head, neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) urothelial carcinoma (efficacy), gastric/gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer (third line), renal cell carcinoma (RCC, first line) and escalation phase .

Official Title
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A Phase I, Open-label, Multiple-ascending Dose Trial to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Biological and Clinical Activity of Avelumab (MSB0010718C) in Subjects With Metastatic or Locally Advanced Solid Tumors and Expansion to Selected Indications

Conditions
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Solid Tumors

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Avelumab


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria for dose escalation and expansion phase: Signed written informed consent Male or female participants aged greater than or equal to 18 years Participants must have histologically or cytologically proven metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors, for which no standard therapy exists or standard therapy has failed. Availability of tumor archival material or fresh biopsies is optional for participants in dose escalation Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1 at trial entry and an estimated life expectancy of at least 3 months Disease must be measurable with at least 1 uni-dimensional measurable lesion by RECIST 1.1, except for participants with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who may be enrolled with objective evidence of disease without a measureable lesion Adequate hematological, hepatic and renal function as defined in the protocol Effective contraception for both male and female participants if the risk of conception exists Other protocol defined inclusion criteria could apply Inclusion Criteria for expansion phase: Participants must have relapsed, refractory, or progressive disease following last line of treatment (with the exception of the gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer cohort, which does not require progression). Availability of tumor archival material or fresh biopsies (excluding bone biopsies) is mandatory for eligibility in the expansion cohorts. For participants in the MBC cohort, the biopsy or surgical specimen must have been collected within 90 days prior to the first investigational medicinal product (IMP) administration. Specifically, the following will be required: NSCLC post platinum doublet: Histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IIIB or stage IV NSCLC that has progressed after 1 line of platinum-containing doublet chemotherapy. Participants should have received only 1 line of platinum-containing treatment for metastatic disease (i.e., adjuvant treatment with a platinum-containing regimen is not sufficient for eligibility because not received in the context of a metastatic disease). Participants in the NSCLC cohort will only be enrolled in USA NSCLC first line: Stage IV (per 7th International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer [IASLC] classification) or recurrent NSCLC that is histologically proven. Participants must not have received treatment for their metastatic or recurrent disease. No activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation nor ALK translocation/re-arrangement Gastric and GEJ cancer: Histologically confirmed, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the gastric and gastro-esophageal junction, treated with first-line chemotherapy combination with or without disease progression. Participants should have received no more than 1 line of treatment for metastatic disease. Participants should not have been treated with trastuzumab (but can be Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 [HER2] positive). Participants who received any platinum containing doublet or triplet as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy strategy, but are not ultimately candidates for surgery will also be eligible, as long as they did not have progressive disease after completion of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, participants with gastric cancer can enter in the study if their white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte count is as defined in the protocol MBC: Participants must have histologically confirmed locally advanced or MBC and have tumor that is refractory to or progressive after standard of care therapy. Participants must have received no more than 3 prior lines of cytotoxic therapy for metastatic disease. Participants must have received a taxane and an anthracycline, unless contra-indicated Secondary expansion cohorts: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), melanoma, ovarian cancer, ACC, mesothelioma, urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma as defined in the protocol Efficacy expansion cohorts: Gastric and GEJ cancer (third line), ovarian cancer (platinum Refractory + liposomal doxorubicin), urothelial carcinoma, and HNSCC as defined in the protocol Other protocol defined inclusion criteria for expansion phase could apply Exclusion Criteria for dose escalation and expansion phase: Concurrent treatment with a non-permitted drug Prior therapy with specific antibody/drug targeting T cell co-regulatory proteins (immune checkpoints) Concurrent anticancer treatment, major surgery, or use of any investigational drug within 28 days before the start of trial treatment; or concurrent systemic therapy with immunosuppressive agents, use of hormonal agents within 7 days before the start of trial treatment as defined in the protocol. Note: Participants receiving bisphosphonate or denosumab are eligible provided treatment was initiated at least 14 days before the first dose of avelumab. Previous malignant disease other than the target malignancy to be investigated in this trial within the last 5 years with the exception of basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or cervical carcinoma in situ Rapidly progressive disease (for example, tumor lysis syndrome) Active or history of central nervous system metastases Receipt of any organ transplantation including allogeneic stem-cell transplantation Significant acute or chronic infections as defined in the protocol Active or history of any autoimmune disease (Participants with diabetes Type 1, vitiligo, psoriasis, hypo- or hyperthyroid disease not requiring immunosuppressive treatment are eligible) or immunodeficiencies Known severe hypersensitivity reactions to monoclonal antibodies, any history of anaphylaxis, or uncontrolled asthma Persisting toxicity related to prior therapy greater than Grade 1 NCI-CTCAE v4.0, however sensory neuropathy less than or equal to Grade 2 is acceptable Pregnancy or lactation period Known alcohol or drug abuse Clinically significant (that is, active) cardiovascular disease All other significant diseases (for example, inflammatory bowel disease), which, in the opinion of the investigator, might impair the Participant's tolerance of trial treatment Any psychiatric condition that would prohibit the understanding or rendering of informed consent Legal incapacity or limited legal capacity Non-oncology vaccine therapies for prevention of infection disease (for example, seasonal flu vaccine, human papilloma virus vaccine) within 4 weeks of study drug administration. Vaccination while on study is also prohibited except for administration of the inactivated influenza vaccine

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Dose Escalation Cohort: Avelumab 1.0 mg/kg<br>Participants with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 1.0 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) once every 2 weeks in dose escalation cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or investigational medicinal product (IMP) occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Dose Escalation Cohort: Avelumab 3.0 mg/kg<br>Participants with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 3.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in dose escalation cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Dose Escalation Cohort: Avelumab 10.0 mg/kg<br>Participants with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in dose escalation cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Dose Escalation Cohort: Avelumab 20.0 mg/kg<br>Participants with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 20.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in dose escalation cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Dose Escalation Cohort: Avelumab 10.0 mg/kg Weekly<br>Participants with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once weekly for the first 12 weeks and once every 2 weeks starting Week 13 in dose escalation cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Primary Expansion Cohort: NSCLC, Post-platinum Doublet<br>Participants with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who had progressed after 1 line of platinum-containing doublet chemotherapy received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in primary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Primary Expansion Cohort: NSCLC, First Line<br>Participants with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), first line received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in primary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Primary Expansion Cohort: Metastatic Breast Cancer<br>Participants with metastatic breast cancer received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in primary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Primary Expansion Cohort: GC/GEJC Progressed<br>Participants with gastric (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) who progressed on or after first line chemotherapy received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in primary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Primary Expansion Cohort: GC/GEJC Non Progressed<br>Participants with gastric (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) who non-progressed on or after first-line chemotherapy received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in primary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Colorectal Cancer<br>Participants with colorectal cancer received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer<br>Participants with castrate-resistant prostate cancer received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Adrenocortical Carcinoma<br>Participants with adrenocortical carcinoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Melanoma<br>Participants with melanoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Mesothelioma<br>Participants with mesothelioma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Urothelial Carcinoma<br>Participants with urothelial carcinoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Ovarian Cancer<br>Participants with ovarian carcinoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Renal Cell Carcinoma (First Line)<br>Participants with Renal cell carcinoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks as a first-line therapy in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Secondary Expansion Cohort: Renal Cell Carcinoma (Second Line)<br>Participants with Renal cell carcinoma who failed 1 prior systemic first-line regimen received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks as a second line treatment in secondary expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Efficacy Expansion Cohort: Ovarian Cancer<br>Participants with ovarian carcinoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in efficacy expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Efficacy Expansion Cohort: Urothelial Carcinoma<br>Participants with urothelial carcinoma received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in efficacy expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Efficacy Expansion Cohort: GC/ GEJC, Third Line<br>Participants with gastric (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) who have failed both a first-line chemotherapy regimen and subsequent ramucirumab therapy, received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks as a third-line treatment in efficacy expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|
| Experimental: Efficacy Expansion Cohort: HNSCC<br>Participants with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) received intravenous infusion of Avelumab at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks in efficacy expansion cohort until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs. | Drug: Avelumab<br>* Participants received intravenous infusion of Avelumab in dose escalation and expansion cohorts until confirmed progression, unacceptable toxicity, or any reason for withdrawal from the trial or IMP occurs.<br>* Other names: Anti PD-L1;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Number of Participants Experiencing Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) | DLT: defined using National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0, as any one of following: any Grade (Gr) >=3toxicity that is possibly/probably/ definitely related to avelumab, except for any of following: Gr 3 infusion-related reaction resolving within 6 hours and controlled with medical management, Transient Gr 3 flu-like symptoms/fever, which is controlled with medical management, Transient Gr 3 fatigue, local reactions, headache, nausea, emesis that resolves to <= Gr 1, Gr3 diarrhea, Gr 3 skin toxicity, Gr 3 liver function test increase that resolves to <= Gr1 in < 7 days after medical management has been initiated, Single laboratory values out of normal range that were unlikely related to study treatment according to investigator, did not have any clinical correlate, and resolved to <= Gr1 within 7 days with adequate medical management and tumor flare phenomenon defined as local pain, irritation/rash localized at sites of known/suspected tumor. | Dose Escalation: Baseline up to Week 3 | 
| Efficacy Expansion Cohort (Ovarian Cancer): Number of Participants With Confirmed Best Overall Response (BOR) as Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), as Adjudicated by Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) | Confirmed BOR was determined according to RECIST 1.1 and as adjudicated by an Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) and defined as best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression/recurrence (taking smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target/non-target lesions. PR: At least 30%reduction from baseline in sum of longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD: at least a 20% increase in SLD, taking as reference smallest SLD recorded from baseline/appearance of 1or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. | Ovarian Cancer Efficacy Expansion: Baseline up to Day 620 | 
| Efficacy Expansion Cohort(Urothelial Carcinoma): Number of Participants With Confirmed Best Overall Response (BOR) as Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), as Adjudicated by Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) | Confirmed BOR was determined according to RECIST 1.1 and as adjudicated by an Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) and defined as best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression/recurrence (taking smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target/non-target lesions. PR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in sum of longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD: at least a 20% increase in SLD, taking as reference smallest SLD recorded from baseline/appearance of 1 or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. | Urothelial Carcinoma Efficacy Expansion: Baseline up to Day 931 | 
| Efficacy Expansion Cohort (GC/GEJC, Third Line): Number of Participants With Confirmed Best Overall Response (BOR) as Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), as Adjudicated by Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) | Confirmed BOR was determined according to RECIST 1.1 and as adjudicated by an Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) and defined as best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression/recurrence (taking smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target/non-target lesions. PR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in sum of longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD: at least a 20% increase in SLD, taking as reference smallest SLD recorded from baseline/appearance of 1 or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. | GC/GEJC, Third Line Efficacy Expansion: Baseline up to Day 871 | 
| Efficacy Expansion Cohort (HNSCC): Number of Participants With Confirmed Best Overall Response (BOR) as Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1), as Adjudicated by Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) | Confirmed BOR was determined according to RECIST 1.1 and as adjudicated by an Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) and defined as best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression/recurrence (taking smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target/non-target lesions. PR: At least 30%reduction from baseline in sum of longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD: at least a 20% increase in SLD, taking as reference smallest SLD recorded from baseline/appearance of 1or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. | HNSCC Efficacy Expansion: Baseline up to Day 1072 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dose Escalation and Expansion Cohorts: Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and TEAEs as Per Severity | Adverse event(AE): any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with use of study drug, whether or not related to study drug. A serious adverse event(SAE) was an AE that resulted in any of following outcomes: death; life threatening; persistent/significant disability/incapacity; initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization; congenital anomaly/birth defect or was otherwise considered medically important. Treatment-emergent events were events between first dose of study drug that were absent before treatment or that worsened relative to pre-treatment state up to 30 days after last administration.TEAEs included both Serious TEAEs and non-serious TEAEs. Severity of TEAEs were graded using National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.0 toxicity grades, as follows: Grade 1= Mild, Grade 2= Moderate, Grade 3= Severe, Grade 4= Life-threatening and Grade 5= Death. | Up to Day 2511 | 
| Dose Escalation and Expansion Cohorts: Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Treatment-Related TEAEs as Per Severity | AE was defined as any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of study drug, whether or not related to study drug. Treatment-emergent events were the events between first dose of study drug that were absent before treatment or that worsened relative to pre-treatment state up to 30 days after last administration. TEAEs included both Serious TEAEs and non-serious TEAEs. Treatment related AE was defined as having a Possible or Related relationship to study treatment, as assessed by the Investigator. Severity of Treatment-Related TEAEs were graded using NCI-CTCAE version 4.0 toxicity grades, as follows: Grade 1= Mild, Grade 2= Moderate, Grade 3= Severe, Grade 4= Life-threatening and Grade 5= Death. | Baseline up to Day 2511 | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Area Under Serum Concentration-Time Curve From the Time of Dosing to the Time of the Last Observation (AUC0-t) of Avelumab | Area under the serum concentration versus time curve from time zero to the last sampling time t at which the concentration is at or above the lower limit of quantification (LLLQ). AUC(0-t) was calculated according to the mixed log-linear trapezoidal rule. | Pre-infusion, at end of 1-hour infusion (Day 1), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6,12, 24, 36, 48 hours after end of infusion | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Area Under the Serum Concentration-Time Curve From Time Zero to Infinity (AUC0-infinity) of Avelumab | The AUC(0-inf) was estimated by determining the total area under the curve of the concentration versus time curve extrapolated to infinity. | Pre-infusion, at end of 1-hour infusion (Day 1), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6,12, 24, 36, 48 hours after end of infusion | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Maximum Observed Serum Concentration (Cmax) of Avelumab | Cmax is the maximum observed serum concentration obtained directly from the concentration versus time curve. | Pre-infusion, at end of 1-hour infusion (Day 1), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6,12, 24, 36, 48 hours after end of infusion | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Time to Reach Maximum Observed Serum Concentration (Tmax) of Avelumab | Tmax is time to reach maximum observed serum concentration obtained directly from the concentration versus time curve. | Pre-infusion, at end of 1-hour infusion (Day 1), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6,12, 24, 36, 48 hours after end of infusion | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Apparent Terminal Half-Life (t1/2) of Avelumab | Apparent terminal half-life was defined as the time required for the serum concentration of drug to decrease 50 percent in the final stage of its elimination. | Pre-infusion, at end of 1-hour infusion (Day 1), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6,12, 24, 36, 48 hours after end of infusion | 
| Dose Expansion Phase: Serum Concentration at End of Infusion (CEOI) of Avelumab | Serum concentration at end of infusion (CEOI) of Avelumab is reported. | At Day 1, 15, 29, 43, 85, 127 and 169 | 
| Dose Expansion Phase: Minimum Serum Post-dose (Ctrough) Concentration of Avelumab | Serum Ctrough concentration of Avelumab is reported. | At Day 15, 29, 43, 57, 71, 85, 99, 127 and 169 | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Number of Participants With Immune Related Best Overall Response (irBOR) According to Modified Immune-Related Response Criteria (irRC) | irBOR defined as best response of any of immune related complete response (irCR), immune related partial response (irPR), immune related stable disease (irSD) and immune related progressive disease (irPD) recorded from baseline until immune related disease progression and determined according to modified irRC per investigator assessment. irCR: Complete disappearance of all tumor lesions (both index and non-index lesions with no new measurable/unmeasurable lesions). irPR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions). irSD: SLD of target and new measurable lesions neither irCR, irPR, or irPD. irPD: SLD of target and new measurable lesions increases greater than or equal to [>=] 20%, confirmed by a repeat, consecutive observations at least 4 weeks from the date first documented. Number of participants with immune-related best overall response in each category (irCR, irPR, irSD, irPD) was reported. | Dose Escalation: Baseline up to Day 1023 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Immune Related Best Overall Response (irBOR) According to Modified Immune-Related Response Criteria (irRC) | irBOR defined as best response of any of immune related complete response (irCR), immune related partial response (irPR), immune related stable disease (irSD) and immune related progressive disease (irPD) recorded from baseline until immune related disease progression and determined according to modified irRC per investigator assessment. irCR: Complete disappearance of all tumor lesions (both index and non-index lesions with no new measurable/unmeasurable lesions). irPR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions). irSD: SLD of target and new measurable lesions neither irCR, irPR, or irPD. irPD: SLD of target and new measurable lesions increases greater than or equal to [>=] 20%, confirmed by a repeat, consecutive observations at least 4 weeks from the date first documented. Number of participants with immune-related best overall response in each category (irCR, irPR, irSD, irPD) was reported. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort: Number of Participants With Best Overall Response (BOR) According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 | BOR was determined according to RECIST v1.1 and as per investigator assessment. BOR is defined as the best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression or recurrence (taking the smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target and non-target lesions. PR: At least 30 percent (%) reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD =Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD is defined as at least a 20 % increase in the SLD, taking as reference the smallest SLD recorded from baseline or appearance of 1 or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. Number of participants with best overall response in each category (CR, PR, SD, PD) was reported. | Dose Escalation: Baseline up to Day 2511 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Best Overall Response (BOR) According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 | BOR was determined according to RECIST v1.1 and as per investigator assessment. BOR is defined as the best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression or recurrence (taking the smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target and non-target lesions. PR: At least 30 percent (%) reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD = Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD is defined as at least a 20 % increase in the SLD, taking as reference the smallest SLD recorded from baseline or appearance of 1 or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. Number of participants with best overall response in each category (CR, PR, SD, PD) was reported. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort (Secondary Urothelial Carcinoma Cohort): Number of Participants With Confirmed Best Overall Response According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 as Adjudicated by an Independent Endpoint Review Committee | Confirmed Best Overall Response (BOR) was determined according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1and as adjudicated by an Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) is defined as best response of any of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) recorded from date of randomization until disease progression/recurrence (taking smallest measurement recorded since start of treatment as reference). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target/non-target lesions. PR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in sum of longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD: at least a 20% increase in SLD, taking as reference smallest SLD recorded from baseline/appearance of 1or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. Number of participants with BOR in each category (CR, PR, SD, PD) were reported. | Secondary Urothelial Carcinoma Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 931 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Time According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version (RECIST) 1.1 | The PFS time (based on investigator assessments), according to the RECIST 1.1, was defined as the time from first administration of study treatment until first documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death when death occurred within 12 weeks of the last tumor assessment or first administration of study treatment (whichever was later). PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of longest diameter (SLD), taking as reference the smallest SLD recorded from baseline or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. The analysis of PFS was performed with a Kaplan-Meier method. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Immune Related Progression-Free Survival (irPFS) Time According to Modified Immune-Related Response Criteria (irRC) | The irPFS time was defined as the time from first administration of study treatment until first documentation of immune-related progressive disease (irPD) or death when death occurred within 12 weeks of the last tumor assessment or first administration of study treatment (whichever was later). irPD: sum of the longest diameters of target and new measurable lesions increases greater than or equal to [>=] 20%, confirmed by a repeat, consecutive observations at least 4 weeks from the date first documented. The analysis of irPFS will be performed with a Kaplan-Meier method. Data for immune related progression-free survival time has been reported. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Overall Survival (OS) Time | Overall survival time was measured as time in months first administration of trial treatment to death. The analysis of OS time was performed with a Kaplan-Meier method. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Receptor Occupancy | Percentage of PD-L1 receptors occupied by avelumab on human lymphocytes (CD3+ T-cells) was assessed by flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples. Greater than or equal to [>=] 85 percent [%] of cell viability was required for reliable receptor occupancy assessment. | Pre-infusion on Day 1; 48 hours after infusion on Day 3; Pre-infusion on Days 15, 43, and 85 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Positive Programmed Death Receptor-1 Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Biomarker Expression in Tumor Tissue | PD-L1 assessment was performed using immunohistochemistry. PD-L1 expression status was classified as positive or negative based on the following cut-offs: For tumor cells: Participants were considered PD-L1 expression positive (negative): - if at least (less than) 5% of the tumor cells show PD-L1 membrane staining >= 1+, respectively. This was used as the primary cut-off; - if at least (less than) 25% of the tumor cells show PD-L1 membrane staining >=2+, respectively. This was considered as secondary cut-off; - if at least (less than) 1% of the tumor cells show PD-L1 membrane staining >=1+, respectively. This was used as the tertiary cut-off; - if at least (less than) 50% of the tumor cells show PD-L1 membrane staining >=1+, respectively. This was used as the '50% cut-off'; - if at least (less than) 80% of the tumor cells show PD-L1 membrane staining ≥1+, respectively. This was used as the '80% cut-off'. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Primary Expansion Cohorts: Number of Participants With Unconfirmed Response at Week 13 According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 | The response criteria evaluation was carried out according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1. CR and PR did not need to be confirmed by a subsequent tumor assessment due to blinded central assessment. CR: Disappearance of all target lesions since baseline; PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters; SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR and PD: at least a 20% increase in SLD, taking as reference smallest SLD recorded from baseline/appearance of 1or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. Number of participants with unconfirmed response at week 13 according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 were reported. | Week 13 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Duration of Response According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 Per Investigator Assessment | Duration of response according to RECIST 1.1, per investigator assessment was calculated for each participant with a confirmed response (complete response [CR] or partial response [PR]) as the time from the first observation of response to the first observation of documented disease progression (or death within 12 weeks of the last tumor assessment). CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target and non-target lesions. PR: At least 30 percent (%) reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. Results were calculated based on Kaplan-Meier estimates. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Duration of Response According to Modified Immune-Related Response Criteria (irRC) Per Investigator Assessment | Duration of response according to modified irRC, per investigator assessment was calculated for each participant with a confirmed response (immune-related complete response [irCR] or immune-related partial response [irPR]) as the time from the first observation of response to the first observation of documented disease progression (or death within 12 weeks of the last tumor assessment). irCR: Complete disappearance of all tumor lesions (both index and non-index lesions with no new measurable/unmeasurable lesions). irPR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions). Results were calculated based on Kaplan-Meier estimates. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 
| Efficacy Expansion Cohorts: Duration of Response According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 as Per Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) | Duration of response according to modified irRC, per investigator assessment was calculated for each participant with a confirmed response (immune-related complete response [irCR] or immune-related partial response [irPR]) as the time from the first observation of response to the first observation of documented disease progression (or death within 12 weeks of the last tumor assessment). irCR: Complete disappearance of all tumor lesions (both index and non-index lesions with no new measurable/unmeasurable lesions). irPR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions). Results were calculated based on Kaplan-Meier estimates. | Efficacy Expansion: Baseline up to Day 1072 | 
| Efficacy Expansion Cohorts: Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Time According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version (RECIST) 1.1 as Per Independent Endpoint Review Committee (IERC) | The PFS time (based on IERC), according to the RECIST 1.1, was defined as the time from first administration of study treatment until first documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death when death occurred within 12 weeks of the last tumor assessment or first administration of study treatment (whichever was later). PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of longest diameter (SLD), taking as reference the smallest SLD recorded from baseline or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions and unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. The analysis of PFS was performed with a Kaplan-Meier method. | Efficacy Expansion: Baseline up to Day 1072 | 
| Dose Escalation Cohort (Excluding Once Weekly Avelumab 10 mg/kg Cohort): Number of Participants With at Least 1 Positive Anti Drug Antibodies (ADA) | Serum samples were analyzed by a validated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay to detect the presence of antidrug antibodies (ADA). Number of participants with ADA positive results for Avelumab were reported. | Dose Escalation: Baseline up to Day 1023 | 
| Dose Expansion Cohort: Number of Participants With Atleast 1 Positive Anti Drug Antibodies (ADA) Assay | Serum samples were analyzed by a validated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay to detect the presence of antidrug antibodies (ADA). Number of participants with ADA positive results for Avelumab were reported. | Dose Expansion: Baseline up to Day 2023 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Solid Tumors, MSB0010718C, Phase 1, Pharmacokinetic, anti PD-L1, Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Metastatic breast cancer (MBC), Gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, Ovarian cancer, Colorectal cancer (CRC), Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), Melanoma, Urothelial carcinoma, Bladder cancer, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC)