Safe Opioid Prescription Practice for Patients Discharged From Trauma Services

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Using a quasi-experimental design the investigators will compare the effect of adopting and implementing a Safe Opioid Prescription Practice (SOPP) protocol within a Level 1 trauma service team compared to a Level 1 trauma service team implementing standard care.

Detailed Description
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Prescribing opioids to injured patients who are discharged from an inpatient trauma admission is almost ubiquitous; however up to 26% of patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain abuse them leaving them at an increased risk of overdose and overdose fatality. Addressing this problem through an institutional level approach involving both patients and providers, including changes in physician prescription behaviors and directly intervening with the patients to increase knowledge of risks of opioid misuse and overdose, affords us the best opportunity to address this escalating public health concern. Using a quasi-experimental design the investigators will compare the effect of adopting and implementing a Safe Opioid Prescription Practice (SOPP) protocol within a Level 1 trauma service team compared to a Level 1 trauma service team implementing standard care. Providers at both sites will complete web-based surveys to assess baseline knowledge, attitudes and barriers related to safe prescription practices. The intervention site will complete technical assistance activities to lead to the adoption and implementation of a SOPP protocol. The control site will continue to offer standard care to trauma patients throughout all phases. To measure institutional level changes, chart reviews will be conducted at both sites using a blinded medical review of discharged trauma service patients at baseline, early implementation, implementation and maintenance phases. To measure patient level changes, the investigators will assess patient perception of the discharge experience at both sites during the adoption phase (Cohort 1=100); implementation phase (Cohort 2=100) and maintenance phase (Cohort 3=100) via telephone interview within 7 days post discharge. Three month interviews will also be conducted with Cohort 2 to assess patient opioid usage, pain management strategies and Naloxone usage among Cohort 2. The aims of the proposed research study are to 1) examine and measure the adoption, implementation and maintenance of the SOPP protocol in the intervention site compared to standard care site and 2) to assess patient level outcomes of the SOPP protocol. The secondary aim of this study is to assess the effect the SOPP protocol on provider prescribing practices comparing the average dosage (in morphine milligram equivalents) and duration of dose from the chart review at baseline to the early implementation, implementation and maintenance phases of the study. The findings from this study will allow us to better understand the translation of a safe opioid prescription practice and has the potential to impact best practices for patient discharge within Level 1 trauma centers.

Official Title
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Safe Opioid Prescription Practice for Patients Discharged From Trauma Services With a Prescription for Opioids

Conditions
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Opioids, Drug Prescription

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: safe opioid prescription protocol


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age ≥ 18 years Discharged to home from in-patient trauma services with a prescription for opioids Responsible for own medication. Cognitively capable of giving informed consent, can be contacted by telephone Exclusion Criteria: < 18 years Discharged to rehabilitative or nursing home care Not discharged with prescribed opioids Not responsible for own medication No English speaking Under arrest at time of in-patient care Cannot be contacted by phone.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention<br>A safe opioid prescription protocol will be implemented with these trauma patients | Other: safe opioid prescription protocol<br>* When indicated a prescription for naloxone will be given to patients discharged with prescription opioids from the trauma services. All patients will receive information on safe opioid use and storage and methods for pain management.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Standard care at discharge will be implemented with these trauma patients | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The frequency of implementation of the SOPP checklist in the intervention site compared to standard care site |  | Up to 18 months |