Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine for for Postoperative Pain Control in Shoulder Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is a randomized, single blinded clinical trial whose purpose is to assess the impact of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) in a single shot interscalene nerve block compared with standard bupivacaine (same dose) in a single shot interscalene nerve block in terms of postoperative pain control. Specifically, outpatient pain scores,use of postoperative pain medicine and patient-reported functional outcomes after shoulder arthroplasty surgery will be evaluated.

Detailed Description
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Background: Shoulder arthroplasty is the fastest growing joint replacement surgery in the United States, and optimal postoperative pain management is critical to optimize outcomes for these surgeries. LB has gained popularity for its potential to provide extended postoperative pain relief with possibly fewer side effects. LB (Exparel, Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Parsippany, NJ, USA) has recently gained popularity for its potential to provide extended postoperative pain relief and was recently approved by the FDA for use in interscalene nerve blocks. Several studies have investigated its efficacy after hip and knee arthroplasty and demonstrated efficacy with decreased opioid consumption, early mobilization, lower hospital costs, and shorter length of stay for patients undergoing surgeries such as bunionectomy, open colectomy, umbilical hernia repair, breast augmentation, and total knee arthroplasty. Limited studies have evaluated the efficacy of LB for perioperative pain control in shoulder arthroplasty. Hence, the objective of this study is to determine whether the use of an LB-based multimodal analgesic regimen provides better postoperative pain control and patient satisfaction, greater cost effectiveness, and lower risk profile compared with standard bupivacaine in interscalene nerve bloc Study Design and Methods: This will be a prospective, randomized, single blinded, controlled clinical trial comparing patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy and arthroplasty treated with LB versus standard bupivacaine with a single bolus interscalene block. The block administrator will not be blinded. The patient and the staff members conducting the follow up assessments, phone calls, and data collection will be blinded to treatment assignment. Study drug administrators (anesthesiologists) will not be blinded. There will be at least one unblinded study coordinator who will not be involved in collecting outcome data. Patients will be randomized in 1:1 ratio to LB or standard bupivacaine with a single bolus interscalene block. Patient will receive the assigned interscalene block preoperatively per usual procedure. The primary outcome, time to first post operative pain medication will be recorded either from the medical record if administered in the hospital or via telephone assessment if consumed outside the hospital. Study staff will contact the patient by phone post op day (POD) 1, 2, and 3 to assess pain levels, pain medication consumption, sleep, and adverse events. The total participation time for each patient will be approximately four days (operative day and POD 1,2,3).

Official Title
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Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine for Interscalene Nerve Block for Postoperative Pain Control in Shoulder Arthroplasty/Arthroscopy: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Anesthesia, Local

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: interscalene nerve block


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients aged 18 years or older undergoing shoulder arthroscopy or arthroplasty must meet the criteria for standard of care of ambulatory surgery patients per anesthesia guidelines issued by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Exclusion criteria: contraindications to regional anesthesia, allergy to any component of multimodal analgesia history of opioid use of >50 morphine milligram equivalents (MME) daily, significant peripheral neuropathy or neurologic disorder affecting the upper extremity, cognitive or psychiatric condition that might affect the patient?s assessment or inability to provide informed consent pregnancy (this is an exclusion for surgery as well)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: liposomal bupivicaine<br>interscalene nerve block using liposomal bupivacaine (Exaprel) 10 ml mixed with 0.5% bupivacaine in same syringe - volume of bupivacaine per MD based on pt weight, etc but CANNOT EXCEED 13mL | Drug: interscalene nerve block<br>* intra and post-operative analgesia<br>* Other names: liposomal bupivicaine;|
| Active Comparator: bupivicaine<br>interscalene block using standard bupivicaine (combination of ropivacaine 0.5% and lidocaine 2%) (volume per MD based on pt weight) + decadron | Drug: interscalene nerve block<br>* intra and post-operative analgesia<br>* Other names: liposomal bupivicaine;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Time to first post-operative pain medication consumption in minutes from discharge from OR | time to first post-operative pain medication | 72 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Worst daily post-op pain on a scale 1-10 | patient reported outcome of pain severity | 72 hours | 
| Least daily post-op pain on a scale 1-10 | patient reported outcome of pain severity | 72 hours | 
| Average daily post-op pain on a scale 1-10 | patient reported outcome of pain severity | 72 hours | 
| Total opioid use in morphine equivalents in the first 72 hours post-op | Total post-op opioid use | 72 hours |