Figure-of-Eight Hand, Volumetric Measurements and Reliability in Clinic With Hand Injured Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study determined the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the Figure-of-Eight method on healthy hands, and compared the figure-of-eight measurements to the gold standard volumetric measurements. Part B of the study conducted in a clinic, assessed the intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability on both hands of patients with hand injuries.

Detailed Description
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Edema is the retention of fluid in the intracellular spaces, which is common in inflammatory condition such as traumatic injury and post surgical conditions. Edema in the hand and wrist can result in detrimental physiological changes which decrease the range of motion of joint and limit the overall functional capacity and dexterity of the hand. The gold standard Volumetric measurements are reliable for measuring edema changes in upper extremity. Using volumeters can be cumbersome in a busy clinic. Figure-of-eight measurements using a tape measure on the wrist and hand is an easy way to measure edema and can capture the accumulation in the dorsal hand that circumferential tape measurements do not capture. This study was performed in two parts. Part A determined the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the Figure-of-Eight method on healthy hands, and compared the figure-of-eight measurements to the gold standard volumetric measurements. No study other study has compared right and left hands. Part B of the study was conducted in a clinic to assess the intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability on both hands of patients with hand injuries.

Official Title
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Comparison of Figure-of-Eight Hand Measurements to Standard Volumetric Measurements and Its Reliability Within a Clinical Setting With Hand Injured Patients

Conditions
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Hand Injuries, Edema Arm

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Figure-of-eight tape measure measurements on both hands
* Other: Volumeter measurements


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria Healthy-part A Recent history of hand or wrist injury with swelling -part B Exclusion Criteria Open wounds-part A Current swelling-part A History of injury in either upper extremity-part A Diabetes mellitus-part A Raynaud's Syndrome-part A Pregnant women-part A & B Could not speak English-part A & B Could not consent for oneself-part A & B

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Uninjured hands<br>healthy participants without injuries to hands or wrists | Other: Figure-of-eight tape measure measurements on both hands<br>* Tape measure is wrapped around the wrist and hand and a measurement reading is taken. this is repeated 3 times.<br>Other: Volumeter measurements<br>* Volumeter measurements to uninjured participants had 3 measurements taken of each hand.<br>|
| Injured hands<br>participants undergoing medical treatment for recent hand or wrist injury | Other: Figure-of-eight tape measure measurements on both hands<br>* Tape measure is wrapped around the wrist and hand and a measurement reading is taken. this is repeated 3 times.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Figure-of-Eight non-injured hands | 3 measurements of right and left hands of each non-injured participant by 3 hand therapists | 1 day | 
| Volumetric measurements on non-injured hands | 3 measurements of right and left hands of each non-injured participant | 1 day | 
| Figure-of-Eight injured hands | 3 measurements of right and left hands of each non-injured participant by 3 different hand therapists | 1 day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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reliability, edema, physical therapy, occupational therapy, figure-of-eight