Respiratory Physiotherapy After Cardiac Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Although incentive spirometry is commonly used to avoid pulmonary complications in cardiac surgery patients, the breath-stacking technique has been proposed as an alternative to increase pulmonary volumes in the post-operative period. Objective: To compare inspiratory volume and electromyographic activity of respiratory muscles during breath stacking technique and incentive spirometry in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Detailed Description
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The purpose of the present study are: to evaluate and compare the inspiratory volume during the course of Breath Stacking and Incentive Spirometry techniques in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery. to compare the electromyographic activity of the scalene, sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and diaphragm muscles during both techniques.

Official Title
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Inspiratory Volume and Muscle Recruitment During Breath-stacking and Incentive Spirometry Techniques in Postoperative Cardiac Patients

Conditions
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Functional Disturbance Following Cardiac Surgery

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Breath Stacking


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery Exclusion Criteria: cognitive impairment or incoordination to perform IS face mask intolerance during BS level of consciousness incompatible to perform IS hemodynamic complications [arrhythmia, intraoperative myocardial infarction, major blood loss (defined as a loss of ≥20% of total blood volume), mean arterial pressure <70 mmHg and reduce cardiac output requiring the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump or vasoactive drugs) intubation for more than 72 h after admission to the Intensive Care Unit the need for reintubation.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Incentive spirometry<br> | Behavioral: Breath Stacking<br>* To perform the BS maneuver, a silicone mask containing a one-way valve was attached to the patient's face. Once the mask was adjusted to allow only inspiration (the expiratory branch remained occluded), the patient was asked to make successive inspiratory efforts during 20 seconds.<br>* Other names: respiratory exercises;|
| No Intervention: Breath Stacking<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Inspiratory volume and muscle recruitment during breath-stacking and incentive spirometry techniques in postoperative cardiac patients |  | Within 2 days after cardiac surgery | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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physiotherapy, cardiac surgery, breath Stacking