Wallis Interspinous Dynamic Stability System for Lumbar Disc Herniation: a Prospective Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Lumbar disc herniation is usually treated by discectomy alone. Nonfusion system such as Wallis interspinous implants have also been successfully used in disc degenerative diseases. However, the superiority of a discectomy with Wallis in comparison to a discectomy alone for primary lumbar disc herniation has yet to be determined.The aim of our study is to investigate whether lumbar discectomy combined with the Wallis device provides better radiographic and clinical short-term outcome than posterior lumbar discectomy alone.

Detailed Description
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The most commonly used therapy for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) are partial discectomy or discectomy with fusion if there was an additional mechanical disorder in the underlying functional spinal unit. However, the problems associated with discectomy are intervertebral disc height loss and the segmental instability, thought to be a risk for failed back surgery syndrome or recurrence lumbar disc herniation. Fusion has also been criticised for its side effects of adjacent segment degeneration(ASD), pseudarthrosis and bone-graft morbidity. To prevent such complications , a new family of dynamic implants have been established. Wallis interspinous implant (Abbott Laboratories, Bordeaux, France) , invented by J. Senegas, is one of them. It consisted of a interspinous blocker made out of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to limit extension and two dacron tapes around the spinous processes in order to secure the implant and limit flexion. The aim of using this device is to unload the facet joints, to restore foraminal height and to provide sufficient stability especially in extension but still allow motion in the treated segment. Previous clinical trials and biomechanical studies are promising, however, the superiority of a discectomy with Wallis in comparison to a discectomy alone for primary lumbar disc herniation has yet to be determined. The purpose of this prospective controlled study was to evaluate the clinical effect of lumbar discectomy combined with Wallis interspinous device, comparing with posterior lumbar discectomy alone. Our hypothesis was that the use of the Wallis device would have better clinical and radiological outcomes than lumbar discectomy alone.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of Wallis Interspinous Dynamic Stability System for Lumbar Disc Herniation: a Prospective Randomised Controlled Study

Conditions
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Lumbar Disc Herniation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Lumbar discectomy
* Procedure: Lumbar discectomy combined with Wallis interspinous dynamic stability system


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: 18-70 years old; complaining low back pain or radioactive melosalgia; preoperative image examination showing disc herniation or spinal stenosis caused by herniation of responsible level; no improvement in symptoms after 6-10 weeks of non-surgical treatment. Exclusion criteria: previous operations; congenital spinal deformity; lumbar fracture; infection; autoimmune diseases; serious osteoporosis; morbidly obese;

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: control group: Lumbar discectomy<br>Lumbar discectomy alone | Procedure: Lumbar discectomy<br>* All the patients were in prone positions on the operation table and received general anesthesia. A midline incision was made and paravertebral muscles were dissected unilaterally. Disc excision and nerve root decompression were initially accomplished through a unilateral transflaval approach. Then the wound was closed with a suction drain.<br>|
| Experimental: Treatment group: lumbar discectomy + Wallis implant<br>lumbar discectomy combined with Wallis interspinous dynamic stability system | Procedure: Lumbar discectomy combined with Wallis interspinous dynamic stability system<br>* The Wallis interspinous implant is placed after a lumbar discectomy. Interspinal ligaments of operated segment were removed and supraspinal ligament were retained. And then the proper size of Wallis implant was mounted underneath the supraspinous ligament and secured to the spine with the attached Dacron bands,above and below the corresponding spinous processes.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 2 days before intervention | baseline VAS | 2 days before intervention | 
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 1 week after intervention |  | 1 week after intervention | 
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 12 months after intervention |  | 12 months after intervention | 
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 24 months after intervention |  | 24 months after intervention | 
| Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) at 2 days before intervention | baseline JOA | 2 days before intervention | 
| Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) at 1 week after intervention |  | 1 week after intervention | 
| Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) at 12 months after intervention |  | 12 months after intervention | 
| Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) at 24 months after intervention |  | 24 months after intervention | 
| Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at 2 days before intervention | baseline ODI | 2 days before intervention | 
| Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at 1 week after intervention |  | 1 week after intervention | 
| Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at 12 months after intervention |  | 12 months after intervention | 
| Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at 24 months after intervention |  | 24 months after intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Intervertebral disc height of the operated segments |  | 2 days before intervention and 1 week, 12 months and 24 months after intervention | 
| Range of motion of the operated segments |  | 2 days before intervention, 12 months and 24 months after intervention | 
| Complications | Complications: includes dural laceration, implant loose, lumbar kyphosis, spinous process fracture or recurrent lumbar disc herniation | 1 week, 12 months and 24 months after intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Lumbar disc herniation, Wallis interspinous implants, lumbar discectomy, interspinous dynamic stability system