Lidocaine Patch for Neck Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, up to 84 patients with non-radicular neck pain will be allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive up to 3 topical lidocaine or placebo patches, to be applied 12 hours per day. At the end of 4 weeks, patients will return for patients' post-phase I treatment evaluation. Patients will crossover to receive up to 3 identical-looking topical patches of the treatment patients did not receive, to be applied in the same fashion for the same 4-week period. The primary outcome measure will be average neck pain over the past week, 4 weeks post-treatment. A positive categorical outcome (i.e. responder) will be defined as a 2-point or greater decrease in average neck pain coupled with a patient global impression of change score >/= 5/7.

Detailed Description
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84 patients will be allocated to receive lidocaine patch or an identical placebo patch for phase I of this crossover study. Depending on the area of pain, up to 3 patches can be applied. Patches will be applied for 12 hours on and 12 hours off (e.g. from 8 PM to 8 AM or 8 AM to 8PM) depending on whether a person's pain is worse in the day or night. At the end of 4 weeks of treatment, patients will return to clinic for the post-phase I treatment evaluation, at which time outcome measures will be collected. Patients will then enter a 1-week washout period, after which patients will return between 1 and 3 weeks (depending on patients' availability) to receive the treatment patch patients did not receive in phase I (i.e. lidocaine for group II patients and placebo for group I patients). The short washout period is justifiable based on the short half-life of lidocaine (90-120 minutes) and is consistent with previous topical lidocaine crossover studies. The crossover patch will be applied in the same fashion as in the 1st phase, again for a 4-week duration. In order to reduce confounding variables, subjects in both groups must agree to not seek any additional pain management treatment as long as patients remain in the study. However, some treatments, such as physical therapy or exercise that are widely recommended can continue, so patients will be told to advise patients' pain clinic physician of any new treatments patients wish to seek during this time period. Subjects will be also be advised that patients can be prescribed rescue medications in the form of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug or acetaminophen, or tramadol (up to 100 mg/d) for those who have already failed a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and acetaminophen, or cannot take the drugs for medical reasons (e.g. renal disease, high cardiovascular risk). The primary outcome measure will be average neck pain over the past week, 4 weeks post-treatment. A positive categorical outcome (i.e. responder) will be defined as a 2-point or greater decrease in average neck pain coupled with a patient global impression of change score </= 3/7.

Official Title
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Randomized, Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial Evaluating Topical Lidocaine Patch(es) for Mechanical Neck Pain.

Conditions
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Neck Pain, Neck Pain, Posterior

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Lidocaine patch
* Drug: Placebo patch


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 18 to 90 years Tenderness to palpation over affected areas (using average 4 kg force for 70 kg person) Average pain score >/= 4 over the week prior to enrollment On stable doses of analgesics for 2 weeks prior to enrollment Chronic mechanical neck pain > 3 months in duration Boundaries are upper trapezius, mastoid processes, shoulders Exclusion Criteria: Radicular pain as determined by clinical presentation Opioid dose in oral morphine equivalents/day > 30 Moderate or severe hepatic disease (will obtain blood work and exclude individuals with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 3 times the normal range. Previous neck surgery Known structural defect presumed to be the primary pain generator (e.g. severe degenerative disc or facet joint disease) Serious medical (e.g. unstable angina) or psychiatric (e.g. poorly controlled depression, active substance abuse) that could interfere with treatment or pain response Secondary gain Pregnancy or breastfeeding painDETECT score > 18 Known allergy to lidocaine Diffuse pain phenotype (e.g. fibromyalgia) Cervical pain greater in area than 3 patches (10 x 14 cm/patch) Skin defects (e.g. burns, active infection) in area(s) of application that could result in significant systemic absorption

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: 4 week treatment periods, separated by a 1 to 3 week washout period
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Lidocaine patch first<br>This group will receive up to 3 lidocaine patches for 4 weeks, followed by placebo patches after a 1-3 week washout period. | Drug: Lidocaine patch<br>* Up to 3 patches will be applied for 12 hours on (e.g. from 8 AM to 8 PM for those whose pain is worse during the day, or from 8 PM to 8 AM for those whose pain is worse at night) and 12 hours off x 4 weeks.<br>Drug: Placebo patch<br>* Up to 3 patches will be applied for 12 hours on (e.g. from 8 AM to 8 PM for those whose pain is worse during the day, or from 8 PM to 8 AM for those whose pain is worse at night) and 12 hours off x 4 weeks.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo patch first<br>This group will receive up to 3 placebo patches for 4 weeks, followed by lidocaine patches after a 1-3 week washout period. | Drug: Lidocaine patch<br>* Up to 3 patches will be applied for 12 hours on (e.g. from 8 AM to 8 PM for those whose pain is worse during the day, or from 8 PM to 8 AM for those whose pain is worse at night) and 12 hours off x 4 weeks.<br>Drug: Placebo patch<br>* Up to 3 patches will be applied for 12 hours on (e.g. from 8 AM to 8 PM for those whose pain is worse during the day, or from 8 PM to 8 AM for those whose pain is worse at night) and 12 hours off x 4 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mean reduction in average neck pain score on 0-10 numerical rating scale | Mean reduction in average neck pain score over the past week at week 4 compared to baseline on 0-10 numerical rating scale (higher pain scores represent greater pain) | 4 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Average neck pain score on 0-10 numerical rating scale | Average neck pain score over the past week on 0-10 numerical rating scale (higher pain scores represent greater pain) | 4 weeks | 
| Mean reduction in worst neck pain score on 0-10 numerical rating scale | Mean reduction in worst neck pain score over the past week at week 4 compared to baseline on 0-10 numerical rating scale (higher pain scores represent greater pain) | 4 weeks | 
| Worst neck pain score on 0-10 numerical rating scale | Worst neck pain score over the past week on 0-10 numerical rating scale (higher pain scores represent greater pain) | 4 weeks | 
| Neck disability index score | Neck disability index score on 0 to 100 percent scale (higher scores represent greater disability) | 4 weeks | 
| Mean reduction in neck disability index score | Mean reduction in neck disability index score over the past week at week 4 compared to baseline (higher scores represent greater disability) | 4 weeks | 
| Number of participants with a positive outcome | Positive outcome is defined as a greater than or equal to 2-point decrease in average neck pain on 0-10 NRS scale coupled with a score of greater than or equal to 5 on a 7-point patient global impression of change scale. | 4 weeks | 
| Patient global impression of change (PGIC) score | 1-7 scale evaluating, with higher scores indicating greater improvement. | 4 weeks | 
| Athens Insomnia Scale score | Scale measuring sleep dysfunction on an 8-question 0-24 scale, with higher numbers indicating greater dysfunction. | 4 weeks | 
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score | 14-question scale measuring anxiety and depression, with each question scored as 0-3 (higher numbers represent greater anxiety or depression). | 4 weeks | 
| Pain pressure threshold | Pain pressure threshold, measured via algometry 3 times over the most tender area (mean of 3 measurements) | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Cervicalgia, Neck pain, Lidocaine, Topical