Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Neuromodulation of Executive Function Across Neuropsychiatric Populations

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In the current study, the investigators aim to understand the role of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in improving executive function across neuropsychiatric populations known to have deficits in this cognitive domain.

Detailed Description
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In the current study, the investigators aim to understand the role of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in improving executive function across neuropsychiatric populations known to have deficits in this cognitive domain. The investigators will select 8 relevant diagnostic categories: traumatic brain injury, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, borderline personality disorder and substance use disorder. The study will also include a cohort of healthy controls for comparison.

Official Title
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Neuromodulation of Executive Function Across Neuropsychiatric Populations

Conditions
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Traumatic Brain Injury, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Substance Use Disorders

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria Male and female outpatients 18-65 years of age A diagnosis of traumatic brain injury, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, borderline personality disorder and substance use disorders meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Exclusion Criteria Contraindication to tDCS: history or epilepsy, metallic implants in the head and neck, brain stimulators, vagus nerve stimulators, shunts, pacemakers, pregnancy. Active substance dependence (except for tobacco and cannabis). Pregnant or nursing females. Inability to participate in testing procedures. Additional exclusion criteria for healthy controls: Diagnosis of psychiatric of neurological disorder Ongoing treatment with any psychotropic medications.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Traumatic Brain Injury<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with traumatic brain injury. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Experimental: Major Depressive Disorder<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Experimental: Bipolar Disorder<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Experimental: Schizophrenia<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Experimental: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Experimental: Borderline Personality Disorder<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Experimental: Substance Use Disorder<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with substance use disorder. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|
| Active Comparator: Healthy Controls<br>This group consists of individuals diagnosed with healthy controls. This group will undergo three sessions of tDCS: two active sessions and one sham session. The order of the sessions is randomized. | Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation<br>* In tDCS, electrodes are applied on the scalp to transmit direct current at low current amplitudes.<br>* Other names: tDCS;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in N-Back Task | Working Memory Task | Baseline to Post-Treatment, 1 Week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Flanker Task | Attention and Inhibitory Control Task | Baseline to Post-Treatment, 1 Week | 
| Change in Multi-Source Interference with International Affective Picture System Task | Cognitive Control During Emotional Regulation Task | Baseline to Post-Treatment, 1 Week | 
| Change in Delayed Discounting Task | Decision-Making Task | Baseline to Post-Treatment, 1 Week | 
| Change in Stop Signal Task | Ability to Inhibit a Response Task | Baseline to Post-Treatment, 1 Week | 
| Change in Iowa Gambling Task | Risk-Taking Task | Baseline to Post-Treatment, 1 Week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Executive Function