Autologous or Donor Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Recurrent Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (BMT CTN 0202)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study is designed as a Phase II/III, multi-center trial, comparing two transplant strategies to determine whether non-myeloablative allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) will improve long-term progression-free survival compared to autologous HSCT. Recipients will be biologically assigned to the appropriate treatment arm depending on the availability of a Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) matched sibling.

Detailed Description
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BACKGROUND: Although patients with follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) typically experience a relatively indolent course, the disease is rarely curable with conventional chemotherapy. Patients with follicular NHL are usually treated only when symptoms require palliation or if bulky disease exists since no survival advantage has been shown as compared to administering conventional treatment at initial diagnosis. While most patients achieve a remission with initial chemotherapy, a continuous pattern of relapse occurs, resulting in progressively shorter remission durations. Additionally, the increased response rates conferred by anthracycline-containing regimens have not translated into improved survival and thus the median survival time of 6 to 10 years has not been significantly impacted over the last decade. DESIGN NARRATIVE: The overall study design is a comparison of two treatment arms determined by biologic assignment, based on the availability of an HLA-matched sibling, in patients diagnosed with relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Patients without an HLA-matched sibling will receive an autologous HSCT. Patients with an HLA-matched sibling will receive a non-myeloablative allogeneic HSCT. The overall study design is that of biologic assignment, based on the availability of an HLA-matched sibling, to one of two strategies to improve the outcome for follicular lymphoma patients with chemosensitive disease. All patients will undergo cytoreduction with cyclophosphamide 4 gm/m^2 and rituximab 375 mg/m^2 x 2 doses. Rituximab will be given in two doses, approximately 1 week apart, with the cyclophosphamide administered the day after the first dose of rituximab. Patients assigned to the autologous arm will have their hematopoietic stem cells mobilized from this cytoreductive regimen. Patients with an HLA-matched sibling will undergo a non-myeloablative allogeneic HSCT. Pre-transplant conditioning will consist of fludarabine 30 mg/m^2/day and cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m^2/day x 3 days with rituximab 375 mg/m^2/day on Days -13 and -6 pre-HSCT and on Days +1 and +8 post-HSCT. The immunosuppressive regimen will consist of tacrolimus and methotrexate (MTX) to control graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft reactions. Patients without an HLA-matched sibling who have collected an adequate autologous hematopoietic cell graft, defined as at least 2.0 * 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg, will receive a preparative regimen of total body irradiation (TBI) 1200 cGy or Carmustine (BCNU) 15 mg/kg. In addition, VP-16 60 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg will be given for both autologous preparative regimens. Post-autologous HSCT therapy with rituximab 375 mg/m^2 weekly x 4 doses will commence between Days 42-75 post-HSCT.

Official Title
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Autologous Versus Non-Myeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) for Patients With Chemosensitive Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Beyond First Complete Response or First Partial Response (BMT CTN #0202)

Conditions
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Recurrent Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma, Recurrent Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma, Recurrent Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma, Follicular Lymphoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab
* Drug: Filgrastim
* Radiation: Chemotherapy or Radiation therapy
* Drug: Non-myeloablative Conditioning regimen
* Procedure: Allogeneic transplant
* Procedure: Autologous transplant
* Drug: Rituximab maintenance therapy
* Drug: GVHD Prophylaxis


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Initial Patient Inclusion Criteria: Histologically confirmed recurrent Revised European American Lymphoma (REAL) classification follicle center lymphoma, follicular grades I and II, OR histologically confirmed World Health Organization (WHO) classification follicular lymphoma grades 1, 2, 3a or 3b; for either classification, the diffuse component or presence of large cleaved cells (if present) cannot be more than 50% of high power field; patients do not have to express t(14;18) to be eligible Received three or fewer prior regimens of chemotherapy; monoclonal antibody therapy and involved field radiation therapy will not be counted as a prior therapy Beyond first Complete Remission (CR) or first Partial Remission (PR) AND demonstrate chemosensitive disease; chemosensitive disease will be defined as less than 20% bone marrow involvement in the aspirate or core biopsy with follicular lymphoma AND lymph node size in axial diameter of less than 3 cm or a greater than 50% reduction in estimated lymph node volume to be measured as product of bi-dimensional measurements; Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanning will not be used for staging or response purposes Patients with adequate organ function as measured by: Cardiac: left ventricular ejection fraction at rest at least 45% Hepatic: bilirubin less than 2 times the upper limit of normal and alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) less than 3 times the upper limit of normal Renal: creatinine clearance greater than 40 mL/min Pulmonary: Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and Forced vital capacity (FVC) greater than 50% of predicted (corrected for hemoglobin) If the patient is younger than 18 years of age and they have reached the age of assent, then they must have completed the local Institutional Review Board (IRB) assent process. Able to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab mobilization chemotherapy no earlier than 3 weeks from the beginning of the most recent cycle of salvage chemotherapy and no later than 6 weeks from enrollment Patient Inclusion Criteria for Proceeding to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT): Collection of an autologous or allogeneic graft of at least 2.0 * 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg Blood count recovery defined as Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) greater than 1000/mm3 and platelets greater than 100 * 10^9/L Patient Inclusion Criteria for Maintenance Therapy: Liver and renal function tests within the inclusion criteria for initial autograft Off intravenous antibiotics and off amphotericin B formulations for proven, probable or possible fungal infections No active Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections or for patients with CMV infection post-autograft, treated with ganciclovir, valganciclovir, or foscarnet per institutional guidelines and CMV antigenemia negative Mucositis resolved and off hyperalimentation Exclusion Criteria: Karnofsky performance score less than 70% Follicular lymphoma that show histologic evidence of transformation Uncontrolled hypertension Patients with uncontrolled bacterial, viral or fungal infection (currently taking medication and progression without clinical improvement). Prior malignancies except resected basal cell carcinoma or treated cervical carcinoma in situ; cancer treated with curative intent more than 5 years previously will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis by a Protocol Chair or Medical Monitor. Pregnant (positive Beta Human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG)) or breastfeeding Seropositive for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Unwilling to use contraceptive techniques during treatment Prior autologous or allogeneic HSCT Known anaphylactic reaction to rituximab

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Autologous Transplant<br>Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab with Filgrastim conditioning and chemotherapy or radiation therapy prior to autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT). Rituximab maintenance therapy following HSCT. | Drug: Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab<br>* Prior to undergoing HSCT, all patients will receive Cyclophosphamide 4 gm/m2 with Rituximab 375 mg/m2 x 2 doses and G-CSF support.<br>* Other names: Cytoxan® and Rituxan;Drug: Filgrastim<br>* Autologous HSCT patients will receive 10 mcg/kg/day and allogeneic HSCT patients will receive 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous (SQ) or intravenous (IV) starting 2 days after the initiation of Cyclophosphamide.<br>* Other names: G-CSF;Radiation: Chemotherapy or Radiation therapy<br>* Chemotherapy - BCNU 15 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 2 hours on Day -6 pre-HSCT. VP-16 60 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 4 hours on Day -4. Radiation - administered at a rate of < 20 cGy/min in one of the following doses; 120 cGy/fraction are administered at no less than 4-hour intervals three times/day or 2 times/day for a total of 10 doses (1200 cGy) over 4 days (Day -8, -7, -6 and -5), or doses of 150 cGy/fraction twice daily for a total of 8 doses (1200 cGy) over 4 days (Day -8, -7, -6 and -5). VP-16 60 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 4 hours on Day -4 pre-HSCT. Cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 2 hours on Day -2 pre-HSCT. G-CSF 5 mcg/kg SQ or IV to start on Day +5 post-HSCT and continue until ANC > 500/mm3 x 3 days.<br>* Other names: BCNU and VP-16;Procedure: Autologous transplant<br>* Infusion of G-CSF mobilized autologous hematopoietic stem cells<br>* Other names: HSCT;Drug: Rituximab maintenance therapy<br>* Patients must have sufficiently recovered from autologous HSCT in order to receive rituximab maintenance therapy as specified below: Dose #1: Day +42 post-autologous HSCT Dose #2: Day +49 post-autologous HSCT Dose #3: Day +56 post-autologous HSCT Dose #4: Day +63 post-autologous HSCT<br>* Other names: Rituxan;|
| Active Comparator: Allogeneic Transplant<br>Non-myeloablative conditioning regimen followed by allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT). Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) Prophylaxis therapy following HSCT. | Drug: Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab<br>* Prior to undergoing HSCT, all patients will receive Cyclophosphamide 4 gm/m2 with Rituximab 375 mg/m2 x 2 doses and G-CSF support.<br>* Other names: Cytoxan® and Rituxan;Drug: Filgrastim<br>* Autologous HSCT patients will receive 10 mcg/kg/day and allogeneic HSCT patients will receive 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous (SQ) or intravenous (IV) starting 2 days after the initiation of Cyclophosphamide.<br>* Other names: G-CSF;Drug: Non-myeloablative Conditioning regimen<br>* Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 IV x 3 doses total to be administered daily over 30 minutes on Days -6, -5 and -4 pre-HSCT. Cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m IV x 3 doses total to be administered daily over 1 hour on Days -6, -5 and -4 pre-HSCT. Administer cyclophosphamide approximately 4 hours after start of fludarabine infusion. Rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV x 4 doses total to be administered on Days -13 and -6 pre HSCT and Days +1 and +8 post HSCT.<br>* Other names: Fludara, Cytoxan®, and Rituxan;Procedure: Allogeneic transplant<br>* Infusion of G-CSF mobilized allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells<br>* Other names: HSCT;Drug: GVHD Prophylaxis<br>* Tacrolimus 0.09 mg/kg/day PO, based on body weight formulas will start on Day -2 and continue until Day +90 post-HSCT. Tacrolimus (or cyclosporine, if applicable) will be given orally in a twice-daily divided dose. Methotrexate 5 mg/m2 Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) will be administered on Days +1, +3 and +6 post-HSCT.<br>* Other names: Prograf® and MTX;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lymphoma Progression-free Survival |  | Three years post-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) |