Focused Power Ultrasound Mediated Inferior Perirenal Adipose Tissue Modification Therapy for Essential Hypertension

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This randomized, double blinded, sham-control trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel focused power ultrasound mediated inferior perirenal adipose tissue modification therapy for essential hypertension.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The increase of visceral fat is closely related to the occurrence of hypertension, and it is one of the main independent risk factors of hypertension. Visceral fat has been recognized as an important endocrine organ, and a variety of factors secreted by visceral fat lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Peri-renal fat is a special type of visceral fat which is different from other type of visceral fat in histology, physiology, and functions. The positon of peri-renal fat is more stable than other visceral fat, which might be influenced by breath or body position changes.Studies have found that perirenal fat is an early predictor of ASCVD, and its accumulation is closely related to the occurrence and development of ASCVD.Therefore, the reduction or modification of visceral fat,especially peri-renal fat , has a sufficient scientific basis for the treatment of hypertension. In our previous experiments, this novel focused power ultrasound can rapidly and efficiently promote the perirenal adipse tissue fibrosis and control the blood pressure in the model of swine. Moreover, we performed a single arm, small sample study to investigate the feasibility of the novel focused power ultrasound to modify the inferior perirenal adipose tissue in human volunteers, showing that this kind of method was feasible and safe. In this study, we aim to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel focused power ultrasound mediated inferior perirenal adipose tissue modification therapy for essential hypertension.

Official Title
-----------------
Focused Power Ultrasound Mediated Inferior Perirenal Adipose Tissue Modification Therapy for Essential Hypertension: a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded Controlled Trial. PARADISE Study

Conditions
-----------------
Hypertension, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Device: focused power ultrasound mediate inferior perirenal adipose tussue modification
* Device: sham-control group


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Individual has office systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and <180 mmHg when receiving a medication regimen of one, two, or three antihypertensive medication classes； Individual has 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) average SBP≥135 mmHg； The anteroposterior, transverse and axial diameters of inferior perirenal fat pad measured by ultrasound should be at least 20mm； Individual is willing to sign the informed consent of the study. Exclusion Criteria: Individual is diagnosed as secondary hypertension (e.g. renal parenchymal hypertension, renal artery stenosis, primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, Cushing's syndrome, aortic coarctation, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome)； Individual has history of kidney and or kidney surrounding tissue surgery; Individuals has impairment of liver or kidney function (ALT, AST or creatinine is greater than 2 times of the upper limit of normal reference); Individual has myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack within 6 months of enrollment; Individual has type 1 diabetes or poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes； Individual has uncontrolled thyroid dysfunction; Individual has urinary calculi and/or hematuria； Individual has atrial fibrillation; Individual has severe structural heart disease (e.g. heart valve disease, cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease); Individual has second degree and above atrioventricular block； Individual has abnormal coagulation function; Individual has infected waist skin; Individual has malignant tumor; Individual is pregnant, nursing or planning to be pregnant; Individual is unwilling to sign informed consent; Individual fails to complete the screening period.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This is a ramdomized, double-blinded, and sham-control study. The ratio of the intervention group versus sham-control group is 1:1
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: intervention group<br>In intervention group, participants will receive the whole peri-renal fat modification therapy (including peri-renal fat ultrasonic measurement and localization,focused ultrasound treatment parameters setting and initiating) | Device: focused power ultrasound mediate inferior perirenal adipose tussue modification<br>* This novel focused power ultrasound is an externally delivered, completely noninvasive focused therapeutic ultrasound device. It is capable of focusing the resulting ultrasound beam to a small cigar-shaped volume and monitoring the temperature of the target area, which leads to the rapid elevation of the peri-renal adipose tissue temperature and the destruction of target tissue eventually.<br>|
| Sham Comparator: sham-control group<br>In sham control group, participants will receive the sham control therapy(including peri-renal fat ultrasonic measurement and localization,focused ultrasound treatment parameters setting),however,without initiating the focused ultrasound equipment. | Device: sham-control group<br>* participants will receive the sham control therapy(including peri-renal fat ultrasonic measurement and localization,focused ultrasound treatment parameters setting),however,without initiating the focused ultrasound equipment.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Office Systolic Blood Pressure | Changes of office systolic blood pressure at 1-month compared with baseline | From baseline to 1 month post-procedure | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Office Systolic Blood Pressure | Changes of office blood pressure at 3-month compared with baseline | From baseline to 3 months post-procedure | 
| Ambulatory Blood Pressure | Changes of mean systolic blood pressure measured by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at 1-month compared with baseline | From baseline to 1 month post-procedure | 
| Ambulatory Blood Pressure | Changes of mean systolic blood pressure measured by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at 3-month compared with baseline | From baseline to 3 months post-procedure | 
| Heart Rate | Changes of the heart rate at 1-month compared with baseline | From baseline to 1 month post-procedure | 
| Mean Heart Rate | Changes of the mean heart rate measured by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at 1-month compared with baseline | From baseline to 1 month post-procedure | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Hypertension, Cardiovascular disease, Focused ultrasound, Novel method