Investigation of Oral Microflora of Infants

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The placement of cariogenic microorganisms in oral microflora is an important factor in dental caries. The aim of this study is to research from whom, when and how the cariogenic microorganisms are first transmitted to the infant. The investigators investigated of colonization of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp., and Candida spp. in oral cavities of infants and their transmission to the infants.

Detailed Description
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Study sample size and design: When α = 0.05, 1-β (power) = 0.80 were taken to determine the sample volume, it was calculated that at least 46 babies should be sampled for 6 months to have an average amount of S. mutans change of 1.87 units. Considering the losses that may occur during the follow-up, the study was started by taking samples from 60 systemically healthy newborns. The study commenced with 60 newborns and was completed with 47 infants due to losses during the follow-up. Oral swab samples were taken from 47 healthy infants within the first 24 hours after birth, at 1 month old and during the first tooth eruption. Saliva samples were taken from the mothers of all the infants and from the fathers of 20 of the infants in the last meeting. Last interview with the parents, their oral examinations were performed, and their findings were processed as decayed (D), filled (F) and missing (M) teeth in accordance with the World Health Organization criteria, with the DMF (decayed, missing and filled) index being calculated. Furthermore, saliva samples were taken from the parents at the last interview. A questionnaire form including the sex of the infant, type of delivery, birth weight, and nutritional habits of the infant during the follow-up was filled in by gaining information from the parents on the first day and during the follow-ups. Swab samples taken from infants with sterile swabs were transferred to the laboratory by placing sterile saline solution into dispensed 2 ml screw cap tubes. Sterile urine collection containers of 50 ml were used to collect saliva samples from the parents.

Official Title
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Investigation of Colonization of Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacillus Spp. and Candida Spp. in Oral Microflora in Infancy and Transmission From the Parent to the Infant

Conditions
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Streptococcus Mutans

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: none of the infants or their families had systemic disease Exclusion Criteria: the infants or their families have systemic disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 30 Minutes
Maximum Age: 2 Hours

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Acquisition of the oral streptococcus mutans in infants | Counts of oral streptococcus mutans | first 24 hours after birth | 
| Acquisition of the oral streptococcus mutans in infants | Counts of oral streptococcus mutans | at 1 month old | 
| Acquisition of the oral streptococcus mutans in infants | Counts of oral streptococcus mutans | 4 to 12 months depending on the first tooth eruption.This period changed according to the growth rate of the baby | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Acquisition of the oral Lactobacillus and candida spp. in infants | Counts of oral Lactobacillus and candida spp | first 24 hours after birth | 
| Acquisition of the oral Lactobacillus and candida spp. in infants | Counts of oral Lactobacillus and candida spp | at 1 month old | 
| Acquisition of the oral Lactobacillus and candida spp. in infants | Counts of oral Lactobacillus and candida spp | 4 to 12 months depending on the first tooth eruption.This period changed according to the growth rate of the baby | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Familial transmission, Candida, Lactobacillus, S. mutans, newborn