MRI in BPD Subjects

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators are wanting to learn more about early development of the lungs and to help them better understand prematurity and the development of a breathing disorder call BPD (Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia)

Detailed Description
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This is an observational case study involving up to three MRI visits. The first MRI will be complete after the infant's clinical initial evaluation. The second image will be obtained approximately 1 month later and the third MRI will be complete prior to discharge. Infants will be imaged at various ages, based up their initial evaluation. The investigators will collect urine and obtain clinically collected remnant blood around time of MRI, tracheal/endotracheal aspirate at time of the MRI when available and BAL samples as clinically available. MRI findings will be correlated with laboratory findings and outcomes from the medical record, and a research database will be built for the data. The investigators will also obtain a one-time MRI visit in non-BPD NICU patients to acquire data related to normal vasculature and pulmonary alveolar development. Sub-study 1: Inpatient polysomnography Patients with the same inclusion/exclusion criteria as reported below will be approached for a brief inpatient polysomnogram. The population will include patients with and without BPD. The polysomnography (PSG) will be performed in the NICU within 1 week from the MRI that is obtained prior to discharge.

Official Title
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MRI for Quantitative Measurement of Pulmonary Growth and Development in Term and Extremely Pre-Term Babies in the BPD Center of Excellence

Conditions
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Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: NICU MRI
* Diagnostic Test: Polysomnography


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: any term age NICU patient Exclusion Criteria: - ECMO, Evidence of congenital diseases that may affect lung development, such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Suspected muscular dystrophy or neurologic disorder that may affect lung development. Significant genetic or chromosomal abnormalities that may affect lung development Evidence of any respiratory infection at the time of imaging (imaging may be rescheduled for a common viral infection such as a cold). Standard MRI exclusion criteria as set forth by the CCHMC Department of Radiology. This includes any contraindications from tracheostomy tubes that are not MR compatible.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 4 Months

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| BPD<br>Infants born premature requiring oxygen | Diagnostic Test: NICU MRI<br>* MRI device that is not FDA approved.<br>Diagnostic Test: Polysomnography<br>* Polysomnography to better determine obstruction index in the airway.<br>|
| Controls<br> | Diagnostic Test: NICU MRI<br>* MRI device that is not FDA approved.<br>Diagnostic Test: Polysomnography<br>* Polysomnography to better determine obstruction index in the airway.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Anatomic phenotypes using MRI | Investigate parenchymal and vascular structures, regional cardiopulmonary function, and dynamic airway collapse in BPD infants during quiet unsedated breathing. | baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Polysomnography | Determine the correlation between upper airway MRI and the obstruction index in the polysomnography. | within a week of baseline MRI |