Tibialis Posterior Fatigue and Plantar Pressure

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to find out the changes in the measurable parameters of the dynamic and static position of the foot, caused by the tibialis posterior muscle which is activated by the fatigue protocol. The study includes 30 healthy patients whose socio-demographic and descriptive characteristics are held. The changes in the dynamic and static position of foot were measured by pedobarography whereas the level of fatigue was measured by Borg Fatigue Scale.

Detailed Description
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The purpose of this study is to find out the changes in the measurable parameters of the dynamic and static position of the foot, caused by the tibialis posterior muscle which is activated by the fatigue protocol. The study includes 30 healthy patients whose socio-demographic and descriptive characteristics are held. The changes in the dynamic and static position of foot were measured by pedobarography whereas the level of fatigue was measured by Borg Fatigue Scale. The variables were investigated using Shapiro-Wilk's test to determine the normality. The student's t-test for paired samples were used to analyse, means (X), standard deviations (SD), 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), mean difference and Cohen's d-effect size were calculated. The significance level was set at .05. The effect size was considered 'small' if d= .20; 'medium' if .d=.5; 'large' if d= .8.

Official Title
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The Effect of Tibialis Posterior Muscle Fatigue on Plantar Pressure Characteristics

Conditions
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Muscle Fatigue

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Muscle fatigue protocol


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: All participants were currently free from congenital or traumatic deformity to either lower extremity, A history of foot pain, Prior history of surgery to the foot and lower extremity A traumatic injury to the ankle or foot 12 months prior to the start of data collection. Exclusion Criteria: Participants were excluded from this study if they had any orthopedic or neurological disorder, need to use an assistive device or orthoses.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Screening
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: One group<br>Only one group was assessed before and after performing muscle fatigue protocol. | Other: Muscle fatigue protocol<br>* Tibialis posterior was fatigued using 2 exercises: Unilateral heel raise exercise Close chain resisted foot adduction exercise<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peak Plantar Pressures of the foot | The plantar pressure profiles were divided into 10 anatomical regions by using software support. These regions corresponded to followings : hallux (toe1), toes 2-5, first to fifth metatarsals (Meta1, Meta2, Meta3, Meta4, and Meta5), mid foot (MF), medial heel (MH), and lateral heel (LH). Peak pressure (PP, Newton-N) was analysed for all regions separately. | 1 month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Contact area of the foot | The percentage of the contact area (CA%) of forefoot (FF), midfoot (MF) and hindfoot (HF) was recorded. The right foot of each subjects was chosen to be analysed to maintain independence of data. In line with this, all tests' first and third trials were exculeded from statistical analysis, because of avoiding acclimatization and boredom or tiredness. | 1 month | 
| Foot axis angle | Foot axis angle (FAA) was recorded in unit of degree (o). The right foot of each subjects was chosen to be analysed to maintain independence of data. In line with this, all tests' first and third trials were exculeded from statistical analysis, because of avoiding acclimatization and boredom or tiredness. | 1 month | 
| Subtalar angle | Minimum and maximum value of the subtalar angle (STA) was recorded in unit of degree (o). The right foot of each subjects was chosen to be analysed to maintain independence of data. In line with this, all tests' first and third trials were exculeded from statistical analysis, because of avoiding acclimatization and boredom or tiredness. | 1 month | 
| Static plantar pressure | The plantar pressure profiles were divided into 10 anatomical regions by using software support. These regions corresponded to followings : hallux (toe1), toes 2-5, first to fifth metatarsals (Meta1, Meta2, Meta3, Meta4, and Meta5), mid foot (MF), medial heel (MH), and lateral heel (LH). Peak pressure (PP, Newton-N) was analysed for all regions separately. | 1 month | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Plantar pressure distribution, muscle fatigue, tibialis posterior