Incidence of Postoperative Sore-throat Incidence

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Postoperative sore throat is a distressing but frequent symptom presented by the patients on the floor upon awakening from General Anesthesia, where endotracheal intubation is part of the Anesthetic protocol. Its incidence ranges between 21-71.8%. Good skills and availability of trained staff to cause minimal tissue damage are expected to reduce the incidence. Risks factors associated will be analyzed.

Detailed Description
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Post-operative sore throat (POST) is a common complication of endotracheal intubation. It ranges from 21 to 71.8 %. Various factors contribute to the development of POST, like, female sex, smoking, intubation difficulty and Suxamethonium use, high endotracheal cuff pressure, airway suctioning, long duration of surgery, mucosal injury with laryngoscopy, or pharyngeal airway use and larger size endotracheal tubes [9]. POST has also been associated with laryngeal masks, injury with laryngoscopy, or pharyngeal airway use and larger size endotracheal tubes. Basically it is mucosal damage of the throat and trachea which releases inflammatory mediators and produces soreness. POST leads to postoperative dissatisfaction. Patients of POST are uncontended following general anesthesia. Its preemptive amelioration, has been studied using various pharmacological interventions. The list includes, but is not limited to, Benzydamine hydrochloride (BH), aspirin, ketamine, lidocaine and dexamethasone. There is limited evidence based literature available about the incidence of POST in the investigator's locality in the country. The investigators plan to collect data in General OT of Rehman Medical institute (RMI), Peshawar. The city of Peshawar is the largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a province of Pakistan, having a population of approximately 2 million. The objectives of our study is to know the magnitude of the problem and ascertain factors associated with postoperative sore throat among patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.

Official Title
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Incidence of Postoperative Sore Throat and Risks Analysis in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia With Endotracheal Intubation: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study

Conditions
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Sore-throat

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: endotracheal intubation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Any patient of either gender aged 18- 60 years Patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 and 2 receiving General Anesthesia with ETT Exclusion Criteria: Patients having ASA 3 or above physical status Recent or ongoing Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) Patients going to ICU intubated

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: endotracheal intubation|Consenting healthy patients of either sex will be endotracheally intubated under controlled environment|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Incidence rate of sorethroat | Incidence= Those who developed Postoperative sorethroat / All recruited participants who recieve General anesthesia through endotracheal tubes *100 | Six hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Risk factors assessment | Associated risk factors for postoperative Sore throat will be assessed for presence or absence through a structured performa | Six hours |