Measurement of Oncostatin M, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Interleukin-11 Levels of Patients With Periodontal Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to determine Oncostatin M (OSM), Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and Interleukin-11 (IL-11) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum in periodontally healthy individuals and those with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal treatment and to evaluate the relationship between these cytokine levels and clinical periodontal parameters.

Official Title
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Measurement of Oncostatin M, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Interleukin-11 Levels in Serum, Saliva, and Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Periodontal Disease

Conditions
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Chronic Periodontitis, Generalized, Gingivitis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Initial Periodontal Therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: systemically healthy non-smokers Exclusion Criteria: smokers pregnancy or lactation individuals with any systemic disease individuals who have had periodontal treatment in the last six months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 56 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Screening
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Healthy<br>included individuals with probing depth (PD) ≤3mm, no sites with attachment loss, and no radiographic evidence of alveolar bone resorption. They exhibited no sign of inflammation (GI=0). | |
| Experimental: Gingivitis<br>had varying degrees of gingival inflammation (GI≥1), PD≤3mm with no clinical attachment loss or with no alveolar bone destruction. | Procedure: Initial Periodontal Therapy<br>* Oral hygiene education, including the use of toothbrushes and dental floss and/or interproximal brushes, was given to them. After one week Chronic Periodontitis group received nonsurgical periodontal therapy consisting of scaling and root planing (quadrant by quadrant) using manual scalers and curettes under local anesthesia. No antibiotics or any medications were prescribed during the treatment. Periodontal treatment was performed by the same investigator<br>|
| Experimental: Chronic Periodontitis<br>was defined as those who were with PD ≥ 4mm, clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 2mm, and who had bone loss affecting >30% of the existing teeth on clinical and radiographic examination. | Procedure: Initial Periodontal Therapy<br>* Oral hygiene education, including the use of toothbrushes and dental floss and/or interproximal brushes, was given to them. After one week Chronic Periodontitis group received nonsurgical periodontal therapy consisting of scaling and root planing (quadrant by quadrant) using manual scalers and curettes under local anesthesia. No antibiotics or any medications were prescribed during the treatment. Periodontal treatment was performed by the same investigator<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Clinical attachment level baseline | As described by Silness&Löe 1964; The measurement of the state of oral hygiene by Silness-Löe plaque index is based on recording both soft debris and mineralized deposits on the following teeth. Each of the four surfaces of the teeth (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal) is given a score from 0-3. Scores 0: No plaque. scores 1: A film of plaque adhering to the free gingival margin and adjacent area of the tooth. The plaque may be seen in situ only after application of disclosing solution or by using the probe on the tooth surface. Scores 2: Moderate accumulation of soft deposit s within the gingival pocket, or the tooth and gingival margin which can be seen with the naked eye. Scores 3: Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pocket and/or on the tooth and gingival margin. Score 0 considered good oral hygiene, score 3 bad oral hygiene habits. plaque index for a tooth=scores from 4 areas/4 plaque index individual= scores from 28 tooth/28 | baseline (before treatment) | 
| Plaque index baseline | As described by Silness&Löe 1964; The measurement of the state of oral hygiene by Silness-Löe plaque index is based on recording both soft debris and mineralized deposits on the following teeth. Each of the four surfaces of the teeth (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal) is given a score from 0-3. Scores 0: No plaque. scores 1: A film of plaque adhering to the free gingival margin and adjacent area of the tooth. The plaque may be seen in situ only after application of disclosing solution or by using the probe on the tooth surface. Scores 2: Moderate accumulation of soft deposit s within the gingival pocket, or the tooth and gingival margin which can be seen with the naked eye. Scores 3: Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pocket and/or on the tooth and gingival margin. Score 0 considered good oral hygiene, score 3 bad oral hygiene habits. plaque index for a tooth=scores from 4 areas. plaque index individual= scores from 28 tooth | baseline (before treatment) | 
| Gingival index baseline | As described by Löe&Silness 1963; The bleeding is assessed by probing gently along the wall of soft tissue of the gingival sulcus. Each of the four surfaces of the teeth (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal) is given a score from 0-3. Score 0 - Normal, healthy gingival with sharp, non-inflamed margins. score 1 - Marginal gingivitis with minimal inflammation and edema at the free gingival. No bleeding on probing. Score 2 - Moderate gingivitis with a wider band of inflammation and bleeding upon probing. Score 3 - Advanced gingivitis with inflammation clinically reaching the mucogingival junction usually with ulceration. Score 0 considered healthy gingiva, score 3 assessed advanced gingival disease. gingival index for a tooth=scores from 4 areas/4 gingival index individual= scores from 28 tooth/28 | baseline (before treatment) | 
| Probing of depth baseline | Measurement to the nearest millimeter from the gingival margin to the base of the clinical pocket by Williams periodontal probe | baseline (before treatment) | 
| Biochemical outcomes baseline | In this study, biochemical parameters including OSM,LIF, IL-11 were measured (pg/ml) by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) measured (pg/ml) by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) methods on Gingival Crevicular Fluid, saliva and serum at baseline | baseline (before treatment) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Clinical attachment level after 8 weeks | Calculation as distance in millimeters from cement-enamel junction to the bottom of the pocket by Williams periodontal probe | 8 weeks after treatment | 
| Plaque index after 8 weeks | As described by Silness&Löe 1964; The measurement of the state of oral hygiene by Silness-Löe plaque index is based on recording both soft debris and mineralized deposits on the following teeth. Each of the four surfaces of the teeth (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal) is given a score from 0-3. Scores 0: No plaque scores 1: A film of plaque adhering to the free gingival margin and adjacent area of the tooth. The plaque may be seen in situ only after application of disclosing solution or by using the probe on the tooth surface. Scores 2: Moderate accumulation of soft deposit s within the gingival pocket, or the tooth and gingival margin which can be seen with the naked eye. Scores 3: Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pocket and/or on the tooth and gingival margin. Score 0 considered good oral hygiene, score 3 bad oral hygiene habits. plaque index for a tooth=scores from 4 areas/4 plaque index individual= scores from 28 tooth/28 | 8 weeks after treatment | 
| Gingival index after 8 weeks | As described by Löe&Silness 1963; The bleeding is assessed by probing gently along the wall of soft tissue of the gingival sulcus. Each of the four surfaces of the teeth (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal) is given a score from 0-3. Score 0 - Normal, healthy gingival with sharp, non-inflamed margins. score 1 - Marginal gingivitis with minimal inflammation and edema at the free gingival. No bleeding on probing. Score 2 - Moderate gingivitis with a wider band of inflammation and bleeding upon probing. Score 3 - Advanced gingivitis with inflammation clinically reaching the mucogingival junction usually with ulceration. Score 0 considered healthy gingiva, score 3 assessed advanced gingival disease. gingival index for a tooth=scores from 4 areas/4 gingival index individual= scores from 28 tooth/28 | 8 weeks after treatment | 
| Probing of dept after 8 weeks | Measurement to the nearest millimeter from the gingival margin to the base of the clinical pocket by Williams periodontal probe | 8 weeks after treatment | 
| Biochemical outcomes after 8 weeks | In this study, biochemical parameters including OSM,LIF, IL-11 were measured (pg/ml) by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) measured (pg/ml) by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) methods on Gingival Crevicular Fluid, saliva and serum at 8 weeks | 8 weeks after treatment | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Chronic Periodontitis, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Oncostatin M, Interleukin-11, Periodontal Therapy, Gingivitis