Evaluating the Effectiveness of Escitalopram to Prevent Depression in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Receiving Treatment

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will evaluate the effectiveness of escitalopram to prevent depression in head and neck cancer patients receiving treatment.

Detailed Description
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Most types of head and neck cancer develop in the lining of cells found within many parts of the head and neck. Each year, more than 40,000 adults are diagnosed with head and neck cancer in the United States. The leading cause of this type of cancer is tobacco use. Common signs and symptoms of head and neck cancer include blood in saliva; frequent nose bleeds; and difficulty chewing, swallowing, or breathing. Effective treatments for head and neck cancer are available if the cancer is found in its early stages. However, treatment is difficult, causing many people to become depressed within 3 months of being diagnosed. Unfortunately, depression can lead to delays in treatment, impair quality of life, and decrease long-term survival. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the use of antidepressant medication initiated prior to starting treatment will prevent the onset of depression during treatment in non-depressed head and neck cancer patients. This study will also determine if escitalopram will maintain quality of life during treatment, improve participation in treatment, decrease delays and premature discontinuation of treatment, and reduce alcohol and tobacco use in patients with head and neck cancer. All participants will attend an initial screening, followed by eight clinic visits. The first clinic visit will include completion of an interview and brief questionnaires regarding depression, mental and emotional health, alcohol and tobacco use, and quality of life. Participants will then be randomly assigned to receive 16 weeks of the antidepressant escitalopram or a placebo pill. Participants will take 10 mg of their assigned medication every day for the first week and then 20 mg of their assigned medication every day for the remaining 15 weeks. Participants will visit the clinic every 2 weeks during treatment, at which time they will answer questions similar to those asked at the initial visit. Any medication side effects will also be recorded at each visit. Once treatment has been completed, participants will visit the clinic three more times over a period of 12 weeks. Similar questions as those at treatment visits will be asked. Results from this study will be used to assess whether depression is preventable in head and neck cancer patients if antidepressant medication is initiated before treatment begins.

Official Title
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Prevention of Depression in Patients Being Treated for Head and Neck Cancer

Conditions
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Depression

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Escitalopram
* Drug: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Newly diagnosed or recurrent epidermoid cancer of the head and neck Requires more than minimal therapy for treatment Able to read and write in English Willing to use an effective form of birth control throughout the study Exclusion Criteria: Meets MINI criteria for major depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar illness or scores 24 or less Suicidal or psychotic Current allergy or hypersensitivity to citalopram or other SSRIs Treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors 14 days prior to study entry Use of antidepressants within 1 week of study entry Pregnant or breastfeeding History of an adequate cancer operation, radiation, or chemotherapy within 6 months of study entry Diagnosed with melanoma or lymphoma cancer of the head and neck Currently participating in another research study involving a therapeutic intervention

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Escitalopram<br>Participants will receive treatment with escitalopram | Drug: Escitalopram<br>* Participants take 10 mg for 1 week and then 20 mg for 15 weeks.<br>* Other names: Lexapro;|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>Participants will receive treatment with placebo | Drug: Placebo<br>* Placebo distribution matches the active medication.<br>* Other names: Inactive substance;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Depression as Assessed by the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Rated 16 (QIDS-SR-16) | Number of participants reaching pre-defined threshold on the QIDS-SR-16 of >/=11. The QIDS-SR-16 total score ranges from 0-27. Scores ranging from 0 to 10 correspond with no to mild depression, while scores >/= 11 correspond to moderate to severe depression. | Measured pre-treatment and at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Antidepressant, Major depression, Prevention, Head and neck cancer