Effects of Whey Protein and Collagen Supplementation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The present project aims to investigate the effects of high-quality protein (whey protein) vs. low-quality protein (collagen) on muscle mass and function (e.g., strength and power) during a 10-wk resistance training program in young adults. It will be tested the hypothesis that leucine-matched collagen should promote similar gains on muscle function and mass compared to whey protein supplementation.

Detailed Description
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The purpose of this study will be to investigate the effects of whey protein vs. leucine-matched collagen supplementation on muscle mass and function after a 10-wk resistance training program. Initially, all participants will be submitted for a 2-wk familiarization period, and then randomized into two groups (N = 11 / group): whey protein group and leucine-matched collagen group. The following variables will be assessed from pre-to post-training: anthropometric, muscle thickness from vastus lateralis and biceps brachii muscles using ultrasound, training load, mean power and peak torque for unilateral arm flexion exercise using a isokinetic dynamometer, countermovement vertical jump, nutritional intake, and testosterone-to-cortisol ratio . Shapiro-Wilk and Levine tests will be used to test the normality and homogeneity of the measurements, respectively. Two-way ANOVA (group x time) tests for repeated measures will be performed to assess changes over time and between groups for all dependent variables. Violation of sphericity will adjust using Greenhouse- Geyser correction. The Bonferroni post-hoc test will detect specific differences between groups. When appropriate, the percentage of change (∆%) will be reported according to the following equation: ∆% = [(pre-average post average) / pre-average mean] × 100. Values will be express as mean ± standard deviation. O significance level α will be 0.05.

Official Title
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Effects of Whey Protein and Collagen Supplementation on Muscle Mass and Function During Training in Young Adults

Conditions
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Exercise, Nutrition Therapy, Resistance Training, Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Whey protein supplementation
* Dietary Supplement: Collagen supplementation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Men and women aged 18-35 years To be eutrophic (not overweight or obese) Exclusion Criteria: To present a history of musculoskeletal disorders Be attending a systematized weight training program for at least six months To make use of medicines that could affect muscle function. To have used ergogenic supplements and anabolic steroids for at least six months before study To have restrictions for exercises practice considering Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) responses.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Whey Protein<br>Each participant will be supplemented with whey protein (7 d/wk) during 10 weeks. | Dietary Supplement: Whey protein supplementation<br>* 35 g of whey protein (7 d/wk) during a 10-wk resistance training program (3 d/wk; 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with an interval of 1-2 minutes between sets and exercises) involving the leg press, leg extension, and arm flexion exercises. The load will be adjusted weekly.<br>|
| Experimental: Leucine-matched collagen<br>Each participant will be supplemented with collagen (7 d/wk) during 10 weeks. | Dietary Supplement: Collagen supplementation<br>* 35 g of collagen (7 d/wk) + 2 g of leucine during a 10-wk resistance training program (3 d/wk; 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with an interval of 1-2 minutes between sets and exercises) involving the leg press, leg extension, and arm flexion exercises. The load will be adjusted weekly.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in biceps brachii thickness | Measured by ultrasonography pre- and post-training | Baseline and after 10 weeks | 
| Change in muscle strength by training load | Training load for leg press, knee extension, and arm flexion exercises | Baseline, 5 and 10 weeks | 
| Change in vertical jump | Countermovement vertical jump performance will be assessed using the Smart Jump instrument | Baseline and after 10 weeks | 
| Change in mean power | Mean power using a isokinetic dynamometer (BIODEX) | Baseline and after 10 weeks | 
| Change in peak torque | Peak torque using a isokinetic dynamometer (BIODEX) | Baseline and after 10 weeks | 
| Change in vastus lateralis thickness | Measured by ultrasonography pre- and post-training | Baseline and after 10 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in testosterone-to-cortisol ratio | Blood samples will be collected for analyse of the testosterone-to-cortisol ratio | Baseline and after 10 weeks | 
| Dietary intake | Dietary intake to be assessed using 3-day diet recalls. | Baseline, 2, 5, 10 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Protein supplementation, Amino acids, Resistance exercise, Muscle strength, Muscle hypertrophy