Goal Directed Mechanical Ventilation Aimed at Optimal Lung Compliance

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Patients with acute respiratory failure exhibiting decreased respiratory system compliance with hypoxemia or carbon dioxide retention are often difficult to ventilate with current guidelines that limit applied plateau pressure Yet, these guidelines do not take into consideration chest wall mechanics. The investigators sought to determine whether partition of the respiratory system into its components by measuring esophageal pressure and thus assessment of pleural pressure, would help in patients with acute respiratory failure to identify the factors contributing to low respiratory system compliance.

Detailed Description
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Identifying the dominant factor affecting respiratory system compliance by measuring transpulmonary pressure may better direct and optimize mechanical ventilation. Thus, instead of limiting mechanical ventilation by plateau pressure, PEEP and Inspiratory pressure adjustment would be individualized specifically for each patient's lung compliance as indicated by transpulmonary pressure. The main goal of this approach is to specifically target transpulmonary pressure instead of plateau pressure, and therefore achieve the best Lung compliance with the least transpulmonary pressure possible.

Official Title
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Goal Directed Mechanical Ventilation Aimed at Optimal Lung Compliance Approach Guided by Esophageal Pressure in Acute Respiratory Failure.

Conditions
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Acute Respiratory Failure, ARDS

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: esophageal balloon


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: To be included in the study a prerequisite of high peak Inspiratory pressure (plateau pressure of up to 30 cmH2O) had to be present, and at least one of the following four inclusion criteria had to be met. 1 - Low Total Respiratory system compliance (CT), defined as less than 50ml/cmH2O. 2 - P/F ratio of less than 300. 3 - Need for a PEEP greater than 10 cmH2O to maintain SaO2 of > 90%. 4 - PCO2 over 60 mmHg, or PH less than 7.2 that is attributed to respiratory acidosis. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with any of the following were excluded from the study. Previous lung or chest wall surgery, previous esophageal surgery, known Achalasia or any other esophageal motility or spasm disorder, presence of chest thoracostomy tube, and any significant chest wall abnormality such as kyphoskoliosis.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Esophageal balloon group<br>Esophageal balloon will be inserted, and esophageal pressure will be measured in patients with acute respiratory failure. Intervention - PEEP and Inspiratory pressure will be adjusted according to the measured esophageal pressure. | Other: esophageal balloon<br>* esophageal pressure as a surrogate for pleural pressure<br>* Other names: pleural pressure;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oxygenation |  | 1 year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| lung compliance, expressed as ml/cmH2O. |  | 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ARDS, Esophageal pressure, pleural pressure, pulmonary compliance