Effects of Sugar Sweetened Beverage on Metabolic Health in Male and Female Adolescents

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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We examined the effects of short-term (2-wk) consumption of HF- and HG-sweetened beverages in adolescents (15-20 yr of age) on insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, insulin clearance, triacylglycerol (TAG), and cholesterol concentrations.

Detailed Description
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This counterbalanced study consisted of two trials including 1) high fructose (HF) trial and, 2) a high glucose (HG) trial. Each trial was blind to the participant, performed in a random order, and was 15 d in length. During days 1-14 of each trial, the participants consumed either 710 ml per day of a HF-sweetened beverage (sweetened with 50 g fructose and 15 g glucose) for 2-wk (HF trial) or 710 ml per day of a HG-sweetened beverage (sweetened with 50 g glucose and 15 g fructose) for 2-wk (HG trial) on top of their normal diet. In addition, the participants were instructed to maintain their normal physical activity levels during each trial (which were measured with an accelerometer). On day 15 of each trial, the participants reported to the lab after a   11 h overnight fast for metabolic testing. During this testing day, the participants remained in the lab for 12 h and consumed three liquid meals (one meal every 4 h and HF meals during HF trial and HG meals during HG trial), while blood samples were taken every 15 or 30 min throughout the 12 h testing day. During testing, the participants remained physically inactive (< 3,000 steps).

Official Title
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Moderate Amounts of High Fructose- or High Glucose-sweetened Beverages do Not Differentially Alter Metabolic Health in Male and Female Adolescents

Conditions
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Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Tolerance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: high fructose sweetened beverage
* Dietary Supplement: High Glucose sweetened beverage


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: males and females 15-20 years of age not participating in an organized sport (non-athletes) no history of heart, lung, kidney, endocrine, or gastrointestinal disease no medications known to alter glucose or lipid metabolism normal fasting blood glucose concentrations (< 100 mg/dL) normal fasting triglyceride concentrations (< 150 mg/dL) average daily fructose consumption < 90th percentile for age and sex Exclusion Criteria: athlete type 1 diabetic type 2 diabetic consuming high quantities of fructose

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: high fructose sweetened beverage<br>710 ml per day of a HF-sweetened beverage (sweetened with 50 g fructose and 15 g glucose) | Dietary Supplement: high fructose sweetened beverage<br>* 710 ml per day of a HF-sweetened beverage<br>|
| Active Comparator: High Glucose sweetened beverage<br>HG-sweetened beverage (sweetened with 50 g glucose and 15 g fructose) | Dietary Supplement: High Glucose sweetened beverage<br>* HG-sweetened beverage<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| glucose concentrations |  | baseline and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 255, 270, 285, 300, 315, 330, 360, 390, 420, 450, 480, 495, 510, 525, 540, 555, 570, 600, 630, 660, 690, and 720 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Triglycerides |  | baseline and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 255, 270, 285, 300, 315, 330, 360, 390, 420, 450, 480, 495, 510, 525, 540, 555, 570, 600, 630, 660, 690, and 720 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Sugar sweetened beverages, metabolism, endocrine, lipids, blood glucose