OC and ICTP in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Piezocision Accelerated Orthodontic Treatment

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the tooth movement with and without piezocision with regard to the levels of osteocalcin and cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen in the gingival crevicular fluid.

Detailed Description
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15 systemically healthy subjects requiring extraction of the maxillary 1. premolars with distalization of the maxillary canines were enrolled to the study. Piezocisions were performed on the distal and mesial sides of the right maxillary canines while the left maxillary canines served as controls. Canine distalization was performed via closed-coil springs applying 150 g of force per side by using miniscrews as anchorage. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from both mesial and distal sides of right and left maxillary canines at 0, 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. The gingival crevicular fluid levels of osteocalcin and cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen were determined by using ELISA. The rate of tooth movement was measured on 14 and 28 days.

Official Title
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Osteocalcin and Cross-Linked C-Terminal Telopeptides of Type I Collagen in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Piezocision Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Conditions
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Tooth Movement

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Piezocision
* Procedure: Control


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Class I, Class II or Class III malocclusion, Proclined incisors requiring extraction of the maxillary first premolars with subsequent retraction of the maxillary canines No previous orthodontic treatment Good oral hygiene and periodontal health (plaque and gingival indices less or equal 1, probing depth less or equal 3 mm, no radiographic bone loss). Exclusion Criteria: having systemic diseases that could affect bone and tooth movement smoking

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Piezocision<br>Piezocision was performed on the mesial and distal side of the maxillary right canine tooth which was served as the piezocision group. Then canine distalization was performed via closed-coil springs applying 150 g of force by using mini-screws as anchorage. | Procedure: Piezocision<br>* Piezocisions were performed on the mesial and distal sides of the right maxillary canines. Then canine distalization was performed via closed-coil springs applying 150 g of force by using mini-screws as anchorage.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Control<br>Maxillary left canine served as the control group and canine distalization was performed via closed-coil springs applying 150 g of force by using mini-screws as anchorage. | Procedure: Control<br>* The mesial and distal sides of the left maxillary canines served as controls and canine distalization was performed via closed-coil springs applying 150 g of force by using mini-screws as anchorage.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gingival crevicular fluid osteocalcin level (ng/ml) | Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from mesial and distal sides of the maxillary right and left canines.The gingival crevicular fluid level of osteocalcin was determined by using ELISA | 28 days after canine distalization | 
| Gingival crevicular fluid cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I level (ng/ml) | Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from mesial and distal sides of the maxillary right and left canines.The gingival crevicular fluid level of cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen was determined by using ELISA. | 28 days after canine distalization | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The amount of canine movement (mm) | All measurements were performed on the dental cast model using a digital caliper. The amount of space closure was based on the measurements of the distance between the contact points of the distal surface of canine and the mesial surface of second premolar. The change of distance between the three observation periods represented the amount of canine movement. | Baseline (day 0) before canine distalization and, 14 and 28 days after canine distalization | 
| Retraction rate (mm/day) of canine movement | All measurements were performed on the dental cast model using a digital caliper. The amount of space closure was based on the measurements of the distance between the contact points of the distal surface of canine and the mesial surface of second premolar. The change of distance between the three observation periods represented the amount of canine movement, which was divided by the number of days between two sessions to obtain the retraction rate on daily basis | 14 and 28 days after canine distalization | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Tooth movement, Piezocision, Gingival crevicular fluid, Osteocalcin