A Study of the Effects of Fish Protein Intake on Glucose Regulation in Overweight and Obese Adults.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to compare the possible health benefits of intake of proteins from salmon, herring, cod and milk on glucose tolerance in overweight and obese adults. Overweight and obese subjects often have reduced glucose tolerance, and previous findings from a study on cod proteins suggested that glucose tolerance was improved.

Detailed Description
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Participants receive 2.5g protein per day for 8 weeks as tablets.

Official Title
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A 8 wk Study to Compare the Effects of Proteins Various Fish Species (Salmon, Herring, Cod) and Milk on Glucose Regulation in Overweight and Obese Adults.

Conditions
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Obesity, Overweight

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Salmon protein hydrolysate
* Dietary Supplement: Herring protein hydrolysate
* Dietary Supplement: Cod protein
* Dietary Supplement: Milk protein


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI above 27 kg/m2 healthy Exclusion Criteria: fasting blood glucose above 7 mM medication that affects blood glucose, lipids and inflammatory status pregnancy or breastfeeding allergies to fish or milk intentional weight loss and large fluctuation in body weight a high consumption of fish an extreme diet use of fish oil, n-3 or multivitamin supplements

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 69 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Salmon protein hydrolysate<br> | Dietary Supplement: Salmon protein hydrolysate<br>* 2.5g salmon protein hydrolysate per day for 8wk.<br>|
| Experimental: Herring protein hydrolysate<br> | Dietary Supplement: Herring protein hydrolysate<br>* 2.5g herring protein hydrolysate per day for 8wk.<br>|
| Sham Comparator: Cod protein<br> | Dietary Supplement: Cod protein<br>* 2.5g cod protein per day for 8wk.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Milk protein<br> | Dietary Supplement: Milk protein<br>* 2.5g milk protein per day for 8wk.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Glucose regulation | Glucose will be measured in fasting and postprandial samples | 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in serum insulin, insulin C-peptide, non-esterified fatty acids, lipids, adiponectin, leptin and fatty acid composition |  | 8 weeks | 
| Changes in serum and urine concentrations of amino acids and their metabolites |  | 8 weeks | 
| Changes in serum concentrations of vitamins |  | 8 weeks | 
| Comparisons of metabolites and co-factors involved in one-carbon metabolism in serum and urine | Concentrations of relevant metabolites and co-factors were measured in serum and urine | 8 weeks |