A Technology-based Intervention With Retired People

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The main objective of the study is to understand retired people's perception of retirement, to know their personal experience and to jointly seek solutions to the needs and problems encountered. Secondarily, the aim is to understand the impact that an active aging program intervention implemented in retired people, based on the use of technology and considering the basis for the adaptation of the Prochaska and Diclemente Trans-Theoretical Model, can have in their quality of life.

Detailed Description
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The present study has been approached from a mixed-methods research. Mainly, the study is focused on a Research-Action-Participation method in order for empowering and to people having more control over their lives. This approach was used taking into account the many changes caused by leaving working life to begin the stage of retirement. In reference to participatory methods, techniques such as brainstorming, and consensus-building and visual techniques have been included. The quantitative approach is a complementary method to the qualitative approach based on a quasi-experimental study, as no control group has been introduced. From this approach, a descriptive and comparative study has been carried out on quality of life and the behavior adopted in the adaptation to retirement, both measured before and after the intervention. The intervention program developed consists of a brief-intervention about 5 sessions lasting between 45-60 minutes. It was intended to address the concerns and needs that emerge from the participants' interviews. The intervention is based on the principles of the process of adaptation to retirement defined by Atchley and the Prochaska and Diclemente Model on the phases of preparation for retirement. The material to be used will be based on existing resources for retired people, awareness through multimedia material and knowledge of possible contributions of different technological devices to healthy-lifestyle.

Official Title
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Mixed Study on the Impact of a Technology-based Intervention With Retired People

Conditions
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Aging, Retirement

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Technology-based-Intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: People retired recently (since 10 years maximum) People who attend regularly the institution selected for recruitment, which is attended by retired people over the age of 60 years old. Exclusion criteria: People who present cognitive and psychological alterations that may interfere in the interview People who have not had paid employment People who have completed previously a preparation for retirement's program.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 61 Years
Maximum Age: 74 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Retired people<br>People who are either ordinarily or early retired and who have previously held a paid employment. | Behavioral: Technology-based-Intervention<br>* The intervention is intended to address the concerns and needs that emerge from the participants' interviews. The intervention is based on the principles of the process of adaptation to retirement defined by Atchley and the Prochaska and Diclemente Model on the phases of preparation for retirement. The material to be used will be based on existing resources for retired people, awareness through multimedia material and knowledge of possible contributions of different technological devices to the retirement process. The sessions consisted of showing different exercises and devices to perform physical activities, cognitive training, relaxation activities, counselling about healthy eating and leisure-time activities.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in quality of life | EuroQol-5D: To measure the quality of life variable before and after intervention. This tool allows exploring the perception of each participant about their health status and quality of life. This scale measures three elements: A descriptive dimension divided into 5 dimensions: mobility, personal care, daily activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The person must choose between one of the following levels of severity: 1 or absence of problems, 2 or presence of some problems, 3 or presence of serious or moderate problems. A visual analogue scale: the person indicates in a rule of 0 or worse health, to 100 or better health. | Baseline and immediately after intervention (two months) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Behavioural adopted in terms of retirement | It was measured according to the phase in which the person is at the beginning of the intervention, be it pre-contemplation in which the person is unaware of or uninterested in preparing and training for retirement, so he or she has no intention of changing his or her behavior; contemplation in which the person is aware of the possible difficulties he or she will have to face in the retirement stage, but does not assimilate the need to change his or her behavior; or action in which the person begins to think about different ideas for retirement and puts them into practice. | One month before intervention | 
| Changes in behavioural adopted in terms of retirement | It was measured according to the phase in which the person is at the end of the intervention, be it pre-contemplation in which the person is unaware of or uninterested in preparing and training for retirement, so he or she has no intention of changing his or her behavior; contemplation in which the person is aware of the possible difficulties he or she will have to face in the retirement stage, but does not assimilate the need to change his or her behavior; or action in which the person begins to think about different ideas for retirement and puts them into practice. | Baseline and immediately after intervention (two months) | 
| Individual-interviews | To know the individual experience about the stage before retirement, the moment of retirement, the present life, future expectations and the meaning of retirement. | One month before intervention | 
| Group-interviews | To know the experience at group level of how they have lived the intervention, what it has brought them, how they have felt with the technology and what sense they give to it after carrying out the intervention. | Immediately after intervention (1 month) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Quality of life, Older adults, Technological devices, Technology, Healthy Lifestyle