Evaluation of the Impact on Swallowing of Non Invasive Ventilation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Neuromuscular disorders can be associated with swallowing dysfunction secondary to a dysfunction of the airway muscles involved in swallowing. The investigators have shown that respiratory failure may contribute to swallowing dysfunction in patients with neuromuscular respiratory failure. Furthermore, although tracheostomy has been reported as impairing swallowing, the investigators have shown that when a tracheostomy is performed in neuromuscular patients, swallowing improves because it allows the patient to feed while ventilated. The investigators now want to evaluate whether non invasive ventilation may have a beneficial impact on swallowing by making some adjustments to ensure a good synchronisation between ventilation and swallowing. This could allow avoiding the necessity of a tracheostomy or a gastrostomy due to swallowing dysfunction and/or malnutrition in neuromuscular patients. Swallowing improvement under mechanical ventilation depends on improving the synchronisation between the patient and the ventilator during swallowing. For that purpose, the investigators developed a prototype ventilator able to temporarily suspend pressurisation under the patient's control so that when the patient needs to swallow under mechanical ventilation he may do so with an inadequate insufflation of the ventilator. Our objective is to to demonstrate that swallowing is more adapted and easier under nasal noninvasive ventilation than during spontaneous breathing in neuromuscular patients requiring prolonged noninvasive ventilation. In an open monocentric pilot study, the investigators will study 10 neuromuscular patients usually noninvasively ventilated. The patients will be their own control and their swallow will be studied during spontaneous breathing and under ventilation with the adapted ventilator while swallowing boluses of different volumes.

Detailed Description
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Neuromuscular disorders can be associated with swallowing dysfunction secondary to a dysfunction of airway muscles involved in swallowing. We have shown that respiratory failure may also contribute to swallowing dysfunction and that, although tracheostomy has been reported as impairing swallowing, when a tracheostomy was performed in neuromuscular patients, swallowing was improved because it allowed the patient to feed while ventilated. We now want to evaluate whether non invasive ventilation may have a beneficial impact on swallowing considering some adjustments to ensure a good synchronisation between ventilation and swallowing. This could allow avoiding the necessity of a tracheostomy or a gastrostomy due to swallowing dysfunction and/or malnutrition. Improving swallowing under mechanical ventilation depends on improving the synchronisation between the patient and the ventilator during swallowing. For that purpose, we developed a prototype ventilator able to temporarily suspend pressurisation under the patient's control so that when the patient needs to swallow under mechanical ventilation he may do so with an inadequate insufflation of the ventilator. Our objective is to to demonstrate that swallowing is more adapted and easier under nasal noninvasive ventilation than during spontaneous breathing in neuromuscular patients requiring prolonged noninvasive ventilation. In an open monocentric pilot study, we will study 10 neuromuscular patients usually noninvasively ventilated. The patients will be their own control and their swallow will be studied during spontaneous breathing and under ventilation with the adapted ventilator while swallowing boluses of different volumes. Swallowing will be evaluated by measuring swallowing duration, numbers of swallows required for a bolus, number of respiratory cycles required for the swallow of a bolus. Order ventilation mode and bolus volume will be randomized

Official Title
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Evaluation of Nasal Ventilation on Optimizing Swallowing in Ventilated Neuromuscular Patients

Conditions
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Neuromuscular Disorder, Respiratory Failure, Swallowing, Mechanical Ventilation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Spontaneous breathing
* Device: Elysée 150®


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: Neurologic or Neuromuscular restrictive respiratory failure, excluding bulbar involvement Hospitalization in the home ventilation unit of the Raymond Poincaré Hospital day and night non invasive ventilation during >14hours/day respiratory autonomy of at least one hour of during the day Ventilation with an assisted and controled mode Adults ≥18 years Stable patient upon inclusion prior Medical examination Signed consent form Exclusion Criteria: Unstable hemodynamics Respiratory decompensation Unable to cooperate Person under guardianship or trusteeship Pregnant women Refusal of study participation Non covered by the social security system

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: neuromuscular patients<br>Neuromuscular non invasively ventilated patients in stable at the time of the study | Other: Spontaneous breathing<br>* study of the swallowing of boluses of water and yogurt under spontaneous breathing<br>Device: Elysée 150®<br>* Study of the swallowing of boluses of water and yogurt while under mechanical ventilation<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| impact of non invasive ventilation on swallowing efficiency | Swallowing efficiency under non invasive ventilation will be evaluated by the duration of swallowing of bolus, number of swallow per bolus, number of respiratory cycles per swallowed bolus | 2 Hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Swallow and respiration synchronisation | Number of swallows followed by expiration | 2 Hours | 
| Respiratory comfort | Evaluation of the respiratory comfort by the Borg dypnea scale | 2 Hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Neuromuscular disorder, Respiratory failure, Swallowing, Mechanical ventilation