An Efficacy and Safety Study of Itraconazole Sequential Therapy (Intravenous Injection Followed by Oral Solution) in Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infections

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole sequential therapy (intravenous injection/oral solution) in participants with invasive pulmonary fungal infections ([IPFI]; lung diseases caused by fungal infection).

Detailed Description
-----------------
This is an open-label (all people know the identity of the intervention), single arm, multicenter (when more than one hospital or medical school team work on a medical research study) study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole sequential therapy in participants with IPFI. The study duration will be 4 to 6 weeks. The treatment will be divided into the intravenous (into a vein) injection period and the oral solution administration (giving) period. During the intravenous injection period 200 milligram (mg) twice daily loading dose (large initial dose) will be given for first 2 days, 200 mg once daily for the subsequent 12 days. Then sequential itraconazole oral solution 200 mg twice daily will be given as maintenance therapy (treatment designed to help the original primary treatment to succeed) for 2-4 weeks. Participant's clinical, mycological and comprehensive efficacy will be assessed at Week 6. Participants' safety will be monitored throughout the study.

Official Title
-----------------
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Itraconazole Injection/Oral Solution Sequential Therapy for Treatment of Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infections

Conditions
-----------------
Pulmonary Fungal Infection

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Drug: Itraconazole


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Probable or proven invasive pulmonary infectious participants (IPFI) - Hospitalized participants (at least hospitalized treatment and observation could be ensured during the intravenous injection period) - The participants (or legal representatives) have signed the informed consent forms. Exclusion Criteria: Currently taking taboo drugs, such as terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride and HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (for example simvastatin, lovastatin, oral or intravenous midazolam or triazolam) - History of allergy or intolerance to imidazoles or pyrrole drugs (for example fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole) - Pregnant and breast feeding women, or women of child bearing age not taking effective contraception measures - Participants with pure oral, urinary tract, and vaginal candidiasis (yeast infection) - Participants with fungal meningitis (inflammation of the meninges), active liver disease, renal insufficiency with the serum creatinine clearance rate less than 30 milliliter per minute (ml/min), and current abnormal cardiac function such as congestive heart failure (condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body), or participants with history of congestive heart failure

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Itraconazole Sequential Therapy<br> | Drug: Itraconazole<br>* Itraconazole 200 milligram (mg) intravenous injection will be given twice daily for first 2 days, 200 mg once daily for the subsequent 12 days, then sequential itraconazole oral solution 200 mg twice daily will be given for 2 to 4 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of Participants With Clinical Efficacy | Clinical efficacy was assessed as cured: the signs and symptoms of invasive fungal infections (IFI) completely disappeared or full or nearby resolution of radiographic manifestations; markedly improved: the signs and symptoms of IFI were improved or disappeared and at least 50 percent improvement of radiographic findings; improved: the signs and symptoms of IFI were moderately improved and less than 50 percent improvement of radiographic findings; failed: the clinical symptoms and signs of IFI were not changed or worsened. | Week 6 | 
| Number of Participants With Mycological Efficacy | Mycological efficacy was assessed as fungi cleared: negative for fungal microscopic examination and culture (test for infection or organisms that could cause infection); fungi not cleared: positive for fungal microscopic examinations and/or culture. | Week 6 | 
| Number of Participants With Comprehensive Efficacy | Comprehensive efficacy was assessed as cured: the symptoms, signs, laboratory examination and pathogenic examination were return to normal; markedly improved: the disease condition was markedly improved but symptoms, signs, laboratory examination and pathogenic examination were not return to normal; improved: the disease condition was improved to some extent after drug administration, but the improvement was not significant enough; failed: the disease condition was not improved significantly or worsened after drug administration. | Week 6 | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infection, Itraconazole