Central Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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An observational cohort study will be conducted to non-invasively investigate central blood pressure and pulse wave velocity in children with kidney disease and controls. Using an oscillometric monitor, the investigators aim to non-invasively obtain the central blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV), or arterial stiffness, of children with kidney disease. The investigators will also enroll age- and race-matched healthy controls and measure the same parameters for comparison. In addition, the investigators will measure PWV by standard arterial tonometry method in a subset of patients.

Detailed Description
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The specific aims of the study are as follows: Using an oscillometric blood pressure monitor, the investigators aim to non-invasively obtain the central blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV), or arterial stiffness, of children with kidney disease. Measure oscillometric central blood pressure and PWV in age and race matched healthy children. Measure PWV by standard arterial tonometry method in a subset of patients, and compare these measurements to the PWV measured using the oscillometric device. Measure body composition of patients and controls (Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Height ratio, %body fat, and mid-arm muscle circumference) to see how this relates to central blood pressure and PWV.

Official Title
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Central Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity in Children With and Without Kidney Transplants

Conditions
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End Stage Renal Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: there is no intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: kidney transplant recipients who are at least 6 months post-transplant healthy children matched for age sex and race Exclusion Criteria: age less than 3 years

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 21 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| children with kidney disease<br>Kidney transplant recipients age 3 to 21 years | Other: there is no intervention<br>* There is no intervention in this study. It is observational only.<br>|
| healthy control<br>Healthy children age 3 to 21 years | Other: there is no intervention<br>* There is no intervention in this study. It is observational only.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oscillometric central blood pressure | Central blood pressure as measured by oscillometric blood pressure device | cross-sectional measurement performed in patients who are between 6 months to 10 years post-transplant | 
| Oscillometric pulse wave velocity | Pulse wave velocity as measured by oscillometric blood pressure device | cross-sectional measurement performed in patients who are anywhere between 6 months to 10 years post-transplant | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Body mass index (BMI) in kg/m2 | weight measured in kg and height measured in cm will be combined to determine BMI (kg/m2) | cross-sectional measurement performed in patients who are anywhere between 6 months to 10 years post-transplant | 
| Waist circumference (cm) | waist circumference will be measured in cm using a flexible tape measure | cross-sectional measurement performed in patients who are anywhere between 6 months to 10 years post-transplant | 
| Mid arm circumference (cm) | Mid arm circumference will be measured in cm using a flexible tape measure | cross-sectional measurement performed in patients who are anywhere between 6 months to 10 years post-transplant |