Executive Function Performance in Children Who Stutter

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study aims to asses the executive function in children who stutter for better management of those children

Detailed Description
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It is a case control study which will be done on 30 child who stutter and 15 normal child as a control group. Executive function testing will be done using computerized program called PEPL . Also, total intelligence quation(IQ) , verbal IQ, non verbal IQ will be assessed in both groups. stuttering severity will be assessed in case group.

Official Title
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Executive Function Performance in Children Who Stutter

Conditions
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Stuttering, Childhood, Executive Dysfunction

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Executive function testing


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patient and volunteers age between 7 years and 15 years. IQ ≥ 85. Exclusion Criteria: History of secondary stuttering. Language impairment and other speech problem. Concurrent or history of psychiatric, cognitive, neurological disorders or hearing impairment.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 7 Years
Maximum Age: 15 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| children who stutter<br>assessment executive function and stuttering severity in 30 child with stuttering | Diagnostic Test: Executive function testing<br>* Assessment of executive function subdivision<br>|
| children who don't stutter<br>assessment executive function in 30 child with stuttering | Diagnostic Test: Executive function testing<br>* Assessment of executive function subdivision<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| PEPL numerical stroop test | Using the Psychological Experimental Building Language (PEBL) current version 2.1 released at 2018 (Muller & Piper, 2014). The test measuring inhibitory function It asses the reaction time in seconds, the total numbers of errors ranging between 0-200 | one year | 
| Cognitive flexibility function (sub-division of executive function testing) | PEPL Berg's Card Sorting Test 64 version of Berg's (1948) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The child is asked to sort multi-attribute cards into piles according to an unknown and changing rule. It provides an indication of which rule (shape, color or number) is easiest for the individual. It aims to asses Number of Correct Responses: ranging between 0-64 Number of Total Errors ranging between 0-64 Percent of Perseverative Responses Percent of Perseverative Errors Percent of Non-Perseverative Errors Number of Unique Errors | one year | 
| Working memory score | Sub-test of Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, 5th Edition (SB5) The score ranging between 40-130 | one year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Non word Repetation score(Fawzy et al., 2012) | To test the working memory abilities. the child is asked to repeat a number of non sense words. The score ranges between 0 to 30 | one year | 
| Backward digit span score (Aboras et al., 2008) | It test the working memory. The child is asked to retell a number of digit in backward manner. The score ranges between 0 to 14. | one year |