Comparasion of the Immediate Effect of Myofascial Relaxation Technique and Kinesiology Taping

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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As a result of glycation of collagen fibers in diabetes mellitus, an increase in thickness and stiffness is observed in the plantar fascia, which is a connective tissue. These changes in the plantar fascia affect the windlass mechanism of the foot, normal range of motion and foot plantar pressure distribution. These biomechanical effects may cause the development of diabetic foot ulcers in the later stages of the disease. We hypothesis that myofascial release technique and kinesiology taping methods have an effect on plantar fascia stiffness and plantar pressure distribution in diabetic patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the immediate effects of the two methods on the stiffness of the plantar fascia and foot sole pressure distribution in diabetic patients.

Official Title
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Comparasion of the Immediate Effect of Myofascial Relaxation Technique and Kinesiology Taping on Biomechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of Plantar Fascia and Plantar Pressure Distribution in Diabetes Patients

Conditions
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Diabetes Mellitus, Plantar Fascia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Kinesiology Taping Appliying
* Other: Myofascial Release Technique Appliying


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Those with diabetic foot ulcer development risk groups 1 and 2 according to the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) Those who have diabetes for at least 5 years Ambulation independently without using an assistive device Exclusion Criteria: Those with foot posture deformity Having another disease that will affect connective tissue properties Presence of orthopedic or neurological disorders that will affect plantar load distribution History of surgery and fractures from the ankle-foot in the last 6 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Diabetes Mellitus Kinesiology Taping Group<br>Kinesiology tape will be applied to the left foot of the participants in diabetes mellitus group. | Other: Kinesiology Taping Appliying<br>* Kinesiology tape will be applied to left foot plantar fascia of the participants in diabetes mellitus and control group. During taping, participants will lie in the prone position while the knee joint will be kept 90 degrees of flexion and the ankle joint in a neutral position. A Palm Shape taping procedure will be applied to the plantar fascia.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Kinesiology Taping Control Group<br>Kinesiology tape will be applied to the left foot of the healthy participants in the control group. | Other: Kinesiology Taping Appliying<br>* Kinesiology tape will be applied to left foot plantar fascia of the participants in diabetes mellitus and control group. During taping, participants will lie in the prone position while the knee joint will be kept 90 degrees of flexion and the ankle joint in a neutral position. A Palm Shape taping procedure will be applied to the plantar fascia.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Diabetes Mellitus Myofascial Release Group<br>Myofascial Release Technique will be applied to the right foot of the participants in diabetes mellitus group. | Other: Myofascial Release Technique Appliying<br>* Myofascial release technique will be applied (during 5 minutes) to right foot plantar fascia of the participants in diabetes mellitus and control group During appliying technique, participants will lie in the prone position while the knee joint will be kept 90 degrees of flexion and the ankle joint in a neutral position.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Myofascial Release Control Group<br>Myofascial Release Technique taping will be applied to the right foot of the healthy participants in the control group. | Other: Myofascial Release Technique Appliying<br>* Myofascial release technique will be applied (during 5 minutes) to right foot plantar fascia of the participants in diabetes mellitus and control group During appliying technique, participants will lie in the prone position while the knee joint will be kept 90 degrees of flexion and the ankle joint in a neutral position.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluation of foot plantar pressure distribution | Plantar pressure distrubution (gr/ cm²) on the force platform will be measured. | Change from baseline plantar presure distrubution at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 
| Evaluation of stiffness | Stiffness (N/m) of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline stiffness of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 
| Evaluation of decrement | Decrement of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline decrement properties of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 
| Evaluation of creep | Creep of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline creep properties of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 
| Evaluation of relaxation time | Relaxation time of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline relaxation time properties of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluation of range of motion of ankle | Range of motion of ankle was measured with goniometer | Change from baseline range of motion at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 
| Evaluation of foot sole pain | Pain was evaluated by Visual Analog Scale between 0 (no pain) and 10 (the most severe pain). | Change from baseline foot sole pain at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 
| Evaluation of skin temperature | Plantar skin temperature will be measured by thermal imaging machine (Flir Sistem, ThermaCAM, Sweden) | Change from baseline foot sole temperature at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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stiffness, creep, plantar fascia, diabetes mellitus