Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Level

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Vitamin D plays a pivotal but still not well understood role in the immune response to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and vaccination. Many studies also showed a high negative correlation between the severity of inflammatory disease and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Patients with acne vulgaris often had deteriorated skin condition after COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of COVID-19 vaccination with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and severity of acne vulgaris.

Detailed Description
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Vitamin D is known to be related with calcium and bone metabolism. Recently, vitamin D has been shown to play an important role in innate and acquired immunity, cytokine release, inflammatory response, and may be associated with a reduced risk of infection. Studies have reported that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are significantly lower in COVID-19 infected patients than in uninfected patients. In addition, it has been shown that people with higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level would produce significantly more antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination.Thus, it is clear that vitamin D plays a pivotal but still not well understood role in the immune response to COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Patients with inflammatory skin diseases (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, hair loss, idiopathic urticaria, etc.) are often observed to have deteriorated skin condition after COVID-19 vaccination, which not only affects the patient's quality of life, but also seriously affects the patient's willingness to complete vaccination. Since many studies have shown a high negative correlation between the severity of inflammatory disease and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, it is likely that the COVID-19 vaccination also impacts serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and acne severity in patients with acne vulgaris before and after the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine.

Official Title
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Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Level

Conditions
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Acne Vulgaris, Vitamin D Deficiency, COVID-19

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Blood test and skin evaluation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age of ≥ 20 years and < 65 years Diagnosis of acne vulgaris The one will receive the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine Signing informed consent Exclusion Criteria: History of COVID-19 infection Currently taking vitamin-D, steroid, or any drugs for acne vulgaris. Coagulopathy Having any chronic inflammation disease, immunity-related disease, diabetes, mellitus, kidney disease, or liver disease. Have acute inflammation disease, for example, upper respiratory infection or urinary tract infection Pregnancy or lactation History of cancer or any major systematic disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 64 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Acne cohort<br>Adults with acne vulgaris who are going to receive the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine. | Diagnostic Test: Blood test and skin evaluation<br>* The patients received blood tests for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and skin evaluation for severity of acne vulgaris and lesion counts.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level | Blood test for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level | 7 days before and 28 days after the third dose of COVID-10 vaccine | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in acne severity | Skin evaluation by the Global Acne Grading System | 7 days before and 28 days after the third dose of COVID-10 vaccine | 
| Change in acne acne lesion counts | Counts of acne lesion | 7 days before and 28 days after the third dose of COVID-10 vaccine |