Effect of Football on the Musculoskeletal System and Hormonal System

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Several studies have shown that football practice regulates bone remodeling, producing an increase of bone mineral density and reducing the risk of fractures. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of football practice on the regulation of bone turnover in Spanish adult football players. Thanks to the collaboration agreement Aula Endavant the Villarreal CF participates as a collaborator in this Project. This agreement allows us to use their facilities and to analyze several football players' data.

Detailed Description
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Several studies have shown that football practice regulates bone remodeling, producing an increase of bone mineral density and reducing the risk of fractures. These studies are mainly performed in adolescents and there are few results obtained from European adults subjects. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of football practice on the regulation of bone turnover in Spanish adult football players. Secondary objectives include: describing bone mineral density values, evaluating percentage of total lean mass and body fat, describing dietary and physical habits and analyzing blood tests of professional football players. As well as, they include updating the current state of knowledge of the influence of sports on bone. Thanks to the collaboration agreement Aula Endavant the Villarreal CF participates as a collaborator in this Project. This agreement allows us to use their facilities and to analyze several football players' data. In addition, different members of the club will directly participate as researchers during the development of this study. One of the strengths of this study is that the data were obtained from two consecutive seasons of an elite soccer team. One of the potential limitations that we have faced in this study is that in order to obtain a large sample, it is necessary to analyse the soccers from two consecutive seasons, which makes the study temporarily longer than desired.

Official Title
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Study of the Effect of Football Practice on Bone Remodeling.

Conditions
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Regional Body Composition, Cortisol and Testosterone Levels

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: male gender aged between 18 and 40 years who practice soccer for more than 6 hours / week from the age of 10 to the present. Exclusion Criteria: play other elite sports than soccer play 6 or more hours of recreational sports per week smokers individuals with chronic cardiovascular diseases, hypo and hyperthyroidism, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Diagnostic Test: Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan|Longitudinal changes in body composition are examined over four consecutive seasons (2017-2018, 2018-2019, 2019-2020, 2020-2021), four times per season in the following stages: start-preseason, start-season, mid-season and end-season.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| to examine the evolution of total and regional body composition and cortisol and testosterone levels of Spanish elite soccer players during a soccer season | to examine the evolution of total and regional body composition and cortisol and testosterone levels of Spanish elite soccer players during a soccer season | 3 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Regional body composition, Testosterone, Cortisol