National Trends in Otitis Media in Children Under 5 Years of Age

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The rationale for this study is to assess the change in ambulatory care visit rates for acute otitis media between the period before (2001-2009) and after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPnC) (2011-2013) among children less than 5 years old in the United States.

Detailed Description
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NAMCS-The survey utilizes a three stage sampling design based on (1) probability of selecting a primary sampling unit (PSU) (2) probability of selecting a physician within the PSU and (3) probability of selecting a patient within the physician practice. This last probability is defined to be the exact number of office visits during physician's specified reporting week divided by the number of patient record forms completed. NHAMCS- For producing unbiased national estimate, this survey utilizes four stages (a) Probability of selecting a PSU (b) probability of selecting a hospital with in PSU (c) probability of selecting an emergency department (ED) or outpatient department (OPD) within the hospital (d) probability of selecting a visit within ED or OPD. The overall probability of selection is the product of the probabilities at each stage. The inverse of the overall selection probability is the basic inflation weight.

Official Title
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National Trends In Ambulatory Care Visits For Otitis Media In Children Under The Age Of Five In The United States

Conditions
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Otitis Media, Myringotomy Tube Insertion, Skin Rash, Trauma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: no intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Five years of age or under at the time of visit, ambulatory visit for otitis media, myringotomy tube insertion, skin rash or trauma during study period Exclusion Criteria: Age over 5 years, no ambulatory visits for the events listed in inclusion criteria

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Study population<br>All ambulatory visits for otitis media, myringotomy tube insertion, skin rash or trauma among children age 5 or under during the periods of study | Other: no intervention<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in ambulatory care visit rates for acute otitis media between the period before (2001-2009) and after the introduction of the 13vPnC vaccine (2011-2013) among children less than 5 years old |  | 1) 2001-2009 inclusive (9 years) and 2) 2011-2013 inclusive (3 years) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in ambulatory care visit rates for acute otitis media between: 1) 1997-99 to 2001-09; and 2) between 1997-99 to 2011-13 among children less than 5 years old. (Timeframes are retrospective) |  | 1) 1997-99 inclusive (3 yrs); 2) 2001-09 inclusive (9 yrs) and 3) 2011-13 inclusive (3 yrs) | 
| Change in ambulatory care visit rates for myringotomy tube insertion between: 1) 1997-99 to 2001-09; and 2) between 1997-99 to 2011-13 among children less than 5 years old. (Timeframes are retrospective |  | 1) 1997-99 inclusive (3 yrs); 2) 2001-09 inclusive (9 yrs) and 3) 2011-13 inclusive (3 yrs) | 
| Change in ambulatory care visit rates for rash between 2001-09 to 2011 -13 among children less than 5 years old. (Timeframes are retrospective) |  | 1) 2001-09 inclusive (9 yrs) and 2) 2011-13 inclusive (3 yrs) | 
| Change in ambulatory care visit rates for trauma between 2001-09 to 2011-13 among children less than 5 years old. (Timeframes are retrospective) |  | 1) 2001-09 inclusive (9 yrs) and 2) 2011-13 inclusive (3 yrs) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ecologic, cross sectional, trend analysis