Different Doses of Vitamin A Supplementation and Male and Female Morbidity and Mortality

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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We previously compared the effect on mortality of the half dose and the full dose currently recommended by WHO. Unexpectedly, the low dose was clearly better for girls, but not for boys. The girls' response might have depended on the last vaccine received before the OPV and VAS campaign. We believe that these findings call for confirmation. In connection with a new campaign, we will examine whether half the dose or the full dose has a more beneficial effect on mortality and morbidity in girls, and furthermore address the potential effect modification by the last vaccine received before the supplementation.

Detailed Description
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In Guinea-Bissau, a combined OPV and VAS campaign took place in November 2002. Given the uncertainty about the best dose of VAS, we examined whether the half dose compared with the full dose currently recommended by WHO gave an equally good protection against childhood morbidity and mortality. Mortality after supplementation was lower, though not significantly so, for children who had received the half dose. However, there was a highly significant inversion of the effect for boys and girls; while the low dose was clearly better for girls, the full dose might have been slightly better for boys. The girls' responses to the high versus the low dose of vitamin A might have depended on the last vaccine received before the OPV and VAS campaign. We believe that these findings call for confirmation. In connection with the OPV and VAS campaign in November 2004 in Guinea-Bissau, we intend to examined whether half the dose of the dose currently recommended by WHO as compared to the full dose has a more beneficial effect on mortality and morbidity in girls, and furthermore address the potential effect modification by the last vaccine received before the supplementation.

Official Title
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The Impact of Different Doses of Vitamin A Supplementation on Male and Female Childhood Morbidity and Mortality

Conditions
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Mortality, Morbidity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Vitamin A


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria:Between 6 mo and 5 years of age and thus eligible for vitamin A and OPV campaign - Exclusion Criteria:Overt signs of vitamin A deficiency -

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Months
Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Drug: Vitamin A|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mortality |  |  | 
| Morbidity |  |  | 
| All outcomes are investigated for interactions between vitamin A, sex, and last vaccine received |  |  | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Rota infection |  |  | 
| Measles infection |  |  | 
| Growth |  |  | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Vitamin A, Mortality, Morbidity, OPV, Sex