Neurophysiological Examination in Patients With Brain Death

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study examines muscle movements of elecromyography in adults with brain death. Half of the participants will have brain death, the other half will be healthy volunteers.

Detailed Description
-----------------
In some of the patients who have brain death diagnosis, some movements may be seen. Because of these movements, the doctors sometimes avoid to make brain death diagnosis. So making brain death diagnosis may delay. And in these patients, even if the brain death diagnosis made the family members refuse to donate the organs of the patients because they think their patients may survive when they see muscle movements with touch. These patients with brain death are lost in a short time, so some of the patients can not be used as donors. In this study, the investigators aim to raise awareness the movements in brain death patients can be seen, to study the movements neurophysiologically by EMG, whether EMG can be used as auxiliary method or not in brain death diagnosis and to raise organ donation numbers from cadavers. Investigators will examine the motor response and F response in the facial nerve, median nerve, and tibialis posterior nerve with electromyography neurophysiologically.

Official Title
-----------------
Neurophysiological Study in Patients With Brain Death: A Single Center Prospective Study

Conditions
-----------------
Brain Death

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Adult patients with definite diagnosis of brain death, Patients with permission from their parents, Patients without trauma of medullaspinalis and peripheral nerve injuries, Patients without previously known muscle disease (Myasthenia gravis, myopathy, etc.), Patients with previously unknown neurological disease (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Multiple sclerosis, Guillain Barre syndrome, Poliomyelitis, etc.), Patients who have not previous systemic diseases (Connective Tissue Disease, Diabetes mellitus, Chronic renal failure, etc.). Exclusion Criteria: Uncertain brain death, Patients without permission of family members, Younger than 18 years old and older than 72 years, Patients with medulla spinalis and peripheral nerve injuries, Patients with known muscle disease (Myasthenia gravis, myopathy, etc.), Patients with neurological disease (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis, Guillain Barre Syndrome, Poliomyelitis, etc.), Patients with previous systemic diseases (Connective Tissue Disease, Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Failure, etc.)

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 72 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients with brain death<br>Ten patients with definite etiology, who were diagnosed with brain death because of Apnea test positive and / or cranial reflexes were not available and were male and female patients aged 18-72 years | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Axonal response | Measure of axonal response by electromyography | Within 72 hours from brain death diagnosis | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Brain Death, Spinal Reflex, Electromyography