How Much Can the Thoracic and Lumbar Skin Slide?

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators want to determine how much the skin on the back can move left to right of the midline and also up and down, in subjects presenting for procedure or in healthy volunteers. The investigators will do measurements on the back using samples of individuals in all age groups. It is hypothesized that an explanation to late epidural failure could be related to excess back motion in individual subjects.

Official Title
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How Much Can the Thoracic and Lumbar Skin Slide? Unrecognized Cause of Epidural Catheter Placement Failure

Conditions
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Movement of Thoracic and Lumbar Skin

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back
* Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children age 0-17 and Adults 18 and older may participate You agree to participate and sign the informed consent document Exclusion Criteria: Any type of back deformity Tumor on back Skin Disease on the back Any condition that prevents skin measurements such as scleroderma
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Age 11-15<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 16-20<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 21-25<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 26-30<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 31-35<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 36-40<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 41-45<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 46-50<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 51-55<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 56-60<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| age 61-65<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 66-70<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 71-75<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 76-80<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 81-85<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 86-90<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 91-95<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 96-100<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 0-5<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |
| Age 6-10<br> | Other: measure of skin movement on surface of the back<br> <br> Other: Measurement of skin movement on surface of back<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lumbar skin move greater than 4 cm laterally or cephala-caudal |  | Data entered day subject participates |