Diet Quality Among U.S.-Born and Foreign-born Non-Hispanic Blacks

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study compares the diet quality between U.S.-born and foreign-born non-Hispanic Blacks using pooled NHANES data.

Detailed Description
-----------------
This study uses the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores to compare diet quality between U.S.-born (n=3,837) and foreign-born (n=406) non-Hispanic Black adults aged 22-79y, based on pooled nationally representative data (NHANES 2003-2012); as well as by length of U.S. residency. Association between nativity and diet quality was done using multivariable-adjusted linear regression for the continuous total diet quality scores and their components, or multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression for categorical tertiles (low, medium, or high) of the total scores and their components. The study found that foreign-born Blacks had significantly higher AHEI-2010 and DASH scores compared to U.S-born Blacks, and more favorable intakes for many of the score components. Among foreign-born Blacks, diet quality did not significantly differ by length of residency. Foreign-born Blacks were more likely to be in the high than low tertile for fruit (including and excluding fruit juice), vegetables (excluding starchy vegetables), percent whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids. Overall, the study suggests that foreign-born Blacks have better diet quality compared to their U.S.-born counterparts. Considering nativity among U.S. Blacks in nutrition research and public health efforts may therefore improve accuracy of characterizing dietary intakes and facilitate development of targeted nutrition interventions to reduce diet-related diseases in the diverse Black population in the U.S.

Official Title
-----------------
Diet Quality Among U.S.-Born and Foreign-born Non-Hispanic Blacks: NHANES 2003-2012 Data

Conditions
-----------------
Diet Habit

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: 22-79 Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant subjects Energy intakes of ≤600 kcal and ≥ 4800 kcal No dietary data available

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 22 Years
Maximum Age: 79 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------
What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adapted AHEI-2010 | Components include: fruit (excluding fruit juice) (s/d); vegetables (excluding white potatoes) (s/d); whole grains (oz-equivalents/d); sugar-sweetened beverages (s/d); nuts, legumes, and vegetable protein (oz-equivalents/d); red/processed meat (s/d); long-chain omega-3 fats (EPA+DHA; mg/d); polyunsaturated fats (PUFA; % kcal/d); sodium (mg/d); and alcohol (drinks/d). Potential range of 0-100 points and higher scores indicative of higher diet quality | 2003-2012 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adapted DASH score | Quintile-, food-based dietary score assessing adherence to the DASH diet, which was developed as a dietary approach to prevent and treat hypertension. Components of the revised score include vegetables, fruit, whole grains, nuts and legumes, sodium, red and processed meat, and sugar-sweetened beverages. | 2003-2012 | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
diet quality, health disparities, immigrants, foreign-born, Blacks/African Americans, place of birth/nativity, length of residency, NHANES, acculturation