Comparison of Static & Dynamic Back Extensor Endurance Exercises in LBP

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study will help to find the effects of static and dynamic back extensors exercises for chronic low back pain.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Low back pain (LBP) is a very common health problem worldwide and a major cause of disability which affecting performance at work and general well-being. Determine the effects of static and dynamic back extensors exercises for chronic low back pain.

Official Title
-----------------
Comparison of Static & Dynamic Back Extensor Endurance Exercises For Chronic Low Back Pain

Conditions
-----------------
Back Pain

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Static extension endurance exercise
* Other: Dynamic extension endurance exercise


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Females 25-55 years Low back pain > 3 month Postural dysfunction Exclusion Criteria: Red flags indicative of serious spinal pathology with signs and symptoms of nerve root compromise (with at least two of dermatomal sensory loss, myotomal muscle weakness and reduced lower limb reflexes) Individuals with any obvious spinal deformity or neurological disease; Pregnancy Previous spinal surgery Previous experience of static and dynamic endurance exercise.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 25 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Static extension endurance exercise<br>static back extension endurance exercise | Other: Static extension endurance exercise<br>* Static extension endurance exercise were performed, 10 repetitions with 10 sec hold of each of exercises Heating pad:15 mins TENS: 15 mins 35 min/session, 3 sessions/week for 6 weeks<br>|
| Active Comparator: Dynamic extension endurance exercise<br>dynamic back extension endurance exercise | Other: Dynamic extension endurance exercise<br>* Dynamic extension endurance exercise with 10 repetitions of each of exercises which has been performed Heating pad:15 mins TENS: 15 mins 35 min/session, 3 sessions/week for 6 weeks<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire | The Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ) is a self-administered disability measure in which greater levels of disability are reflected by higher numbers on a 24-point scale. The RMQ is a 24-item patient-reported outcome measure that inquires about pain-related disability resulting from LBP. Items are scored 0 if left blank or 1 if endorsed, for a total RMQ score ranging from 0 to 24; higher scores represent higher levels of pain-related disability | 6th week | 
| Modified Biering-Sorensen test of Static Muscular Endurance (BSME) | The BSME is used to assess the static back endurance. During the test the participant lay down on the plinth in the prone position with the upper edge of the iliac crests aligned with the edge of the plinth with their hands held by their sides. The lower body is fixed to the plinth by two non elastic straps located around the pelvis and ankles. Horizontality in the test position is ensured by asking the participant to maintain contact between his/her back and a hanging weighted ball. Once a loss of contact for more than 10 seconds is noticed, the participant is encouraged once to immediately maintain contact again. Once the participant could not immediately correct or hold the position or claimed to be fatigued the test is terminated. This test is time based, as long as the patient hold the position | 6th week | 
| Repetitive Arch-Up Test (RAUT) | Repetitive Arch-Up Test (RAUT) is used to assess the static back endurance. During the test, the participant lay in a prone position on the plinth with the arms positioned along the sides. The iliac crest is positioned at the edge of the plinth. The lower body is fixed to the plinth by two nonelastic straps located around the pelvis and ankles. With the arms held along the sides touching the body, the subject was asked to flex the upper trunk downward to 45∘ as indicated by a board. The participant then raised the upper trunk upwards to the horizontal position followed by returning back downward to 45 degrees to complete a cycle. The repetition rate is one repetition per two to three seconds. Once the movement becomes jerky or nonsynchronous, or do not reach the horizontal level, the subject is encouraged once to immediately correct the motion again. The test is terminated once the participant could not go on with the tempo of the motion or reported fatigue or exhaustion. | 6th week | 
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) | The NPRS is a segmented numeric version of the visual analog scale (VAS) in which a respondent selects a whole number (0-10 integers) that best reflects the intensity of pain. '0' usually represents 'no pain at all' whereas the upper limit represents 'the worst pain ever possible | 6th week | 
| Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), | Oswestry Disability Index is used to assess pain-related disability in persons with low back pain (LBP). The (ODI) is calculated based on each score of the ODQ, which consists of ten items. Each of the ten items is scored from 0 to 5, and the total is added and multiplied by 2. Therefore, the ODI ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score on the ODI indicates a more severe disability caused by LBP | 6th week | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Low Back Pain, Endurance, Static, Dynamic, Exercises, Pain