Effects of the Breath Stacking Technic in Healthy Individuals

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to Analyze and compere the hemodynamic and respiratory variables before, during and after the applying of technic as well as evaluate respiratory pressures generated during applying of this same technic and correlate them with the effort noticed by device user.

Detailed Description
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The breath stacking technic (BS) is an inspiratory maneuver used for recruitment of collapsed alveoli and, consequently, improves oxygenation and, therefore, used by respiratory physiotherapy aiming promoting lung re-expansion being. The BS was described by Marini as an attempt of optimizing vital capacity in little co-operative individuals and hemodynamics has been considered a way of incentive spirometry that provides high lung volume, in situations, in which, inspiratory maneuver duration can be as important as the volume reached, composing an alternative incentive of inspiration technic4. The system used is composed by an interface (facial mask) connected to the patient, an inspiratory unidirectional valve and the respiratory branch which is kept occluded during the carrying out of maneuvers.

Official Title
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Effects of the Breath Stacking Technic in Healthy Individuals

Conditions
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Hemodynamic Instability

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Breath stacking


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age of 18 to 30, sedentary, absence of neuromuscular and/or cardiac respiratory diseases Exclusion Criteria: the smokers, overweight, claustrophobic or the ones with difficulty in carrying out the technic

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Breath stacking<br>During initial rest period, the volunteer remained seated for 10' in spontaneous breathing. During carrying out of the breath stacking technic, the volunteer remained seated, being requested to hold the mask on his/her face not allowing air scape, The volunteer was oriented to inhale normally and exhale all the air during expiration for 20 seconds. During the 20 seconds of applying of technic, in the three series the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures reached during the carrying out of technic. In the final rest period, right after technic end, the volunteers remained seated for 10 minutes in spontaneous breathing and again the same variables of control at the 10th minute were assessed. | Other: Breath stacking<br>* During initial rest period, the volunteer remained seated for 10' in spontaneous breathing. Right after, the measurement of arterial pressure, of SpO2 (%), of heart rate, of respiratory frequency and applied to a modified effort perception Borg. During carrying out of the breath stacking technic, the volunteer remained seated, being requested to hold the mask on his/her face not allowing air scape, The volunteer was oriented to inhale normally and exhale all the air during expiration for 20 seconds, and the variables were assessement again the same variables of control. In the final rest period, right after technic end, the volunteers remained seated for 10 minutes in spontaneous breathing and again the same variables of control at the 10th minute were assessed.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures | connected to a manometer from brand Commercial Medica (Brazil) used to measure maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures generated during carrying out of technic. The volunteer was oriented to inhale normally and exhale all the air during expiration for 20 seconds. | During the intervention. They will be used to verify the average pressures generated during the execution of the technique. Time of the technique equal to 20 seconds. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| modified effort perception Borg scale | applied to a modified effort perception Borg scale with a score from 0 to 10, considering 0 the smallest effort noticed and 10 the biggest effort reported | Before, during and after the intervention. They will be used to compare the variation before, during and after the technique. Valuation time was 1 minute. | 
| heart rate | by palpation method of radial artery, of respiratory frequency by direct counting of thoracic movement | Before, during and after the intervention. They will be used to compare the variation before, during and after the technique. Valuation time was 1 minute. | 
| peripheral oxygen saturation | through a pulse oximeter | Before, during and after the intervention. They will be used to compare the variation before, during and after the technique. Valuation time was 1 minute. | 
| systolic arterial pressure | the measurement of systolic arterial pressure were assessed using an aneroid-type sphygmomanometer | Before, during and after the intervention. They will be used to compare the variation before, during and after the technique. Valuation time was 1 minute. | 
| diastolic arterial pressure | the measurement of systolic arterial pressure were assessed using an aneroid-type sphygmomanometer from the brand Lamedial Commercial | Before, during and after the intervention. They will be used to compare the variation before, during and after the technique. Valuation time was 1 minute. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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hemodynamics, physiotherapy, breath stacking