Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood in Preeclampsia and IUGR

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The objective of this study is to determine whether there are alterations in the population of endothelial progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood samples of infants born in the setting of maternal preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction.

Detailed Description
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Preeclampsia remains a significant cause of neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. This disorder is found in 5-7% of pregnancies and its incidence is increased in gravid patients with multiple gestations, chronic hypertension, renal disease, autoimmune disease, and at extremes of maternal age. It is responsible for 15% of preterm births which is accompanied by a resultant increase in neonatal morbidity and mortality. In developing countries, it is responsible for approximately 50,000 maternal deaths each year. No widespread intervention to prevent this disease has been found effective and the only effective treatment remains delivery of the fetus. To date, the cause of preeclampsia is not known although many agree that preeclampsia is a two-stage disease as described by Roberts et al. with the placenta of central importance. The first stage involves poor placental perfusion usually a result of impaired vascular remodeling in early pregnancy or from maternal disease. This leads to the second stage, which is the maternal syndrome of preeclampsia and involves both endothelial and leukocyte activation. Preeclampsia is associated with an increased maternal cardiovascular risk later in life. Women with a history of preeclampsia demonstrate altered expression of angiogenesis-related proteins and increased insulin resistance as measured by the homeostasis model of insulin resistance. Additionally, preeclampsia is associated with an increase in future cardiovascular risk in the fetus. Endothelial dysfunction and abnormal regulation of vascular tone that is present in preeclampsia suggests abnormal development of vascular cells such as endothelial progenitor cells. The increased cardiovascular risk of neonates born in the setting of IUGR and preeclampsia also suggests the possibility of abnormal development of endothelial progenitor cells in the fetal compartment in these disease states. The purpose of this pilot project is to determine the effects of preeclampsia/IUGR on endothelial progenitor cells derived from fresh umbilical cord blood.

Official Title
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood in Preeclampsia and IUGR

Conditions
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Preeclampsia, IUGR

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women 18-45 Gestational age between 30-40 weeks plus: Uncomplicated pregnancy or Fetal estimated weight <10% for gestational age or abdominal circumference <5% or Preeclampsia by ACOG criteria: HTN > 140/90 on two occasions Proteinuria > 300mg on 24 hour urine specimen or 1+ on urine dip Exclusion Criteria: Non-reassuring fetal status Congenital abnormalities Multiple gestations Clinical Chorioamnionitis Recent infectious disease (within 2 weeks)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Complicated<br>Women with pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction or preeclampsia | |
| Normal<br>Women with normal pregnancies | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Proportions of endothelial progenitor cells present in umbilical cord |  | After birth | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Endothelial progenitor cells, Endothelial dysfunction