Role of Flexible Cystoscopy in Laparoscopic Stone Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Authors want to investigate the usefulness of flexible cystoscopy in performing laparoscopic pyelolithotomies and ureterolithotomies by comparing operative results of a single surgeon's experience.

Detailed Description
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Previous trials to increase stone clearance rates have been recently reached using flexible equipment in laparoscopic surgery, however, it is not clear whether using flexible equipment is really helpful in performing pyelolithotomies and the clearance rates using flexible equipment varies 71% to 100%. Therefore, authors plan to investigate the usefulness of flexible cystoscopy in performing laparoscopic pyelolithotomies and ureterolithotomies by comparing operative results of a single surgeon's experience.

Official Title
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The Role of Flexible Cystoscopy in Laparoscopic Stone Surgery: a Single Surgeon Experience

Conditions
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Kidney Calculi; Ureteral Calculi

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients with complex renal stones and large or impacted ureter stones patients who underwent laparoscopic pyelolithotomies with concomitant calyceal stone removal or ureterolithotomy using a flexible cystoscopy or not Exclusion Criteria: active infection, uncontrolled bleeding tendency, previous abdominal surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| surgery without using a flexible cystoscopy<br>surgery without using a flexible cystoscopy: patients who did not undergo a flexible cystoscopy during laparoscopic stone surgery | |
| surgery with using a flexible cystoscopy<br>surgery with using a flexible cystoscopy: patients who underwent a flexible cystoscopy during laparoscopic stone surgery | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the presence of residual stones | We judged the success when there is no residual stone in the intravenous pyelogram at 12 weeks postoperatively | intravenous pyelogram at 12 weeks postoperatively | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| stone numbers and sizes, surgical approach, insertion of a DJ ureteral catheter, and use of a flexible cystoscopy, etc | Preoperative evaluation included a complete history, physical examination, and imaging work-up such as X-ray or computed tomography (CT). Mean preoperative stone numbers and sizes were evaluated and we also evaluated operative information such as surgical approach, insertion of a DJ ureteral catheter, and use of a flexible cystoscopy | Retrospective review of data | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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kidney calculi, ureteral calculi, cystoscopes, laparoscopes