E-Drone: Transforming the Energy Demand of Supply Chains Through Integrated UAV-to-land Logistics for 2030

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Vans are the fastest-growing category of licensed road vehicle in the UK with growing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The proposed research into how Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and land logistics systems can be combined and managed will provide fundamental new understanding into the impacts of regulation and operating criteria on energy efficiency and costs. Medical logistics could be the first domain to utilise UAVs on a commercial scale, with preliminary analysis on pathology logistics within Southampton indicating that UAVs would significantly reduce CO2 emissions. With the National Health Service (NHS) spending an estimated £2.5 billion annually on pathology logistics and with patient numbers rising, there is a need to re-think how logistics costs could be reduced whilst improving bleed-to-diagnosis times for patients and energy demand. The research vision is to examine the energy reduction potential of logistics solutions involving UAVs operating alongside sustainable last-mile delivery solutions (cargo cycles and walking porters via micro-consolidation points). This involves understanding UAV operations in airspace shared with manned aircraft. The project focuses on a case study and trials based around NHS pathology sample transportation in the Solent and Dorset region. The key research objectives are to: Investigate the collective transport and energy impacts of current 'business-as-usual' NHS pathology logistics across the Solent region; Develop new simulation tools to quantify the energy consumption of UAVs and land logistics systems resulting from new types of traffic regulation for shared airspace and the operating requirements of UAVs; Evaluate the impact on air space and energy use of a large scale take-up of UAVs for medical logistics across the Solent region; Understand stakeholder concerns about UAVs; Understand the regulatory and governance needs associated with UAV interventions that will lead to energy benefits in logistics.

Official Title
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E-Drone: Transforming the Energy Demand of Supply Chains Through Integrated UAV-to-land Logistics for 2030

Conditions
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Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Work Package 1 Task 1.1: key informants in appropriate job roles, with attention purposefully paid to gender and age balance of participants. Task 1.2: Interviews - a purposeful recruitment strategy will seek participants with a range of socio-demographic characteristics. Questionnaire - Prolific (or a similar commercial company) will distribute the questionnaire (n 1000) to achieve a representative sample of the UK population. Task 1.3: key informants in appropriate job roles, with attention purposefully paid to gender and age balance of participants. Work Package 5 • Stakeholders with an interest in UAV use with a purposeful selection of participants with a range of socio-demographic characteristics. Work Package 6 • Anyone interacting with the serious game in dissemination events. Exclusion Criteria: • There are no specific exclusion criteria, though clearly some tasks require key informants with specific knowledge.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 99 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Questionnaire to a representative panel of the public | To explore representations of UAVs | 1 - 33 months | 
| Questionnaire to a representative panel of the public | To understand public concerns | 1 - 33 months | 
| Questionnaire to a representative panel of the public | To determine how UAVs empower or constrain pathways to adoption | 1 - 33 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Energy demand, Un-crewed aerial vehicles, Integrated logistics, Healthcare, Social practices, Governance