Surgical Intervention for Refractory Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) belongs to a group of benign diseases, which is mainly treated with glucocorticoids and surgical treatment. Nowadays, in China, surgical treatment has gradually become the mainstream, but the timing and the extent of surgery are still controversial, and different literatures report that the recurrence rate after surgery is 20-50%. Empirical lesion resection is generally used. We believe that the main reason for the high recurrence rate is the incomplete removal of the breast lesions. Because GLM is often characterized with microabscesses formation, empirical resection is likely to have residual lesions that are not visible to the naked eye. In order to reduce the postoperative recurrence rate and protect the breast appearance as much as possible, we propose a surgical plan : granulomatous lobular mastitis lesion removal + whole breast exploration and flushing + one-stage microplastic surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare this surgical scheme of granulomatous lobular mastitis with existing surgical schemes, and to compare the overall benefits of the two for patients with GLM. We aim to protect the breast appearance on the premise of low recurrence, improve the quality of life of GLM patients, and standardize GLM surgical schemes.

Official Title
-----------------
Randomized Controlled Trial for 'Focus Clearing + Whole Breast Exploration and Washing + One-Stage Micro Plastic Surgery' Treatment for Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis

Conditions
-----------------
Refractory Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Procedure: Focus clearing + whole breast exploration and washing + one-stage micro plastic surgery No Intervention: Extensive lesion excision


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Patients aged 18 years or older with granulomatous lobular mastitis Patients without surgical treatment; Extensive lesions involving two or more quadrants of the breast, or accompanied by abscess, sinus fistula formation, skin rupture and other complex lesions; Patients volunteered to participate in the study after informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: Patients were diagnosed with mastitis with other definite etiology confirmed by pathology Patients who chose conservative treatment and did not receive surgical treatment Combined with other basic diseases, unable to tolerate surgery Patients in pregnancy.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Specific surgical Intervention<br>Focus clearing + whole breast exploration and washing + one-stage micro plastic surgery | Procedure: Focus clearing + whole breast exploration and washing + one-stage micro plastic surgery No Intervention: Extensive lesion excision<br>* Only visible lesions and necrotic tissues, such as abscess cavity, sinus tract and fistula, were removed intraoperatively, while normal glands and fat were retained. Preoperative ultrasound was used to locate the lesion area and then the surgical incision was designed. Intraoperative ultrasound examination of latent small lesions, resection of lesions visible under ultrasound, and then a full breast exploration, one finger page incision interval.Radially cut from the base to the subcutaneous, lesions were found and treated locally. After removal of lesion, fully using the syringe, in turn, use of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, 1% eniodine, saline water is widely jet pulse washing, and around the lesions base. After rinsing, soak in 1% active iodine for 10min, then rinse with normal saline until the liquid is clear. Breast tumor Surgery (Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, OBS) core technology (volume replacement and volume replacement).<br>|
| No Intervention: Extensive lesion excision<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Recurrence rate | Inflammatory changes, mass, abscess or fistula formation, nodular erythema of the upper and lower extremities and joint pain occurred in the ipilateral breast within one year after surgery was defined as recurrence. | Up to 2 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Breast appearance and cosmetic effect score | Refer to Harris standard to evaluate postoperative cosmetic effect. Specify the breast appearance and cosmetic effect rating table. | Up to 2 years | 
| Surgical incision healing time | Surgical incision healing time was defined as the time from the first day after the operation to the healing time of the surgical incision. The wound surface was dry, there was no effusion, and no surgical incision complications occurred | Up to 2 months | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
granulomatous lobular mastitis ；refractory；surgery