10 Minutes Prewarming and Warmed Intravenous Fluid on Core Temperature

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Hypothermia occurs frequently during general anesthesia. This study is to evaluate the efficacy of 10 minutes of prewarming and warmed fluid during urologic surgery.

Detailed Description
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During general anesthesia, vasodilation distributes body heat and leads to hypothermia. Especially during urologic operation (transurethral resection of bladder and prostate), bladder irrigation worsens hypothermia. Hence, various methods are used to maintain core temperature during operation. Previous studies have demonstrated that prewarming of the patient is effective in maintaining core temperature perioperatively. However, more than 50% of patients who have applied prewarming for more than 30 minutes preoperatively are reported to fall in hypothermia. Hence, developing simple and effective method to prevent hypothermia is expected. Hence, the investigators planned to examine the effect of active warming (10 minutes of prewarming preoperatively and prewarmed intravenous fluid intraoperatively) on hypothermia in patients undergoing urologic operation under general anesthesia.

Official Title
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Effect of 10 Minutes Prewarming and Warmed Intravenous Fluid on Core Temperature in Patients Undergoing Urologic Surgery Under General Anesthesia

Conditions
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Urologic Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: prewarming and warmed fluid infusion


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients undergoing urologic surgery(transurethral resection of bladder, prostate) Exclusion Criteria: moderate to severe cardiopulmonary, renal impairment thyroid disease any infection sign abnormal temperature prior to induction of general anesthesia (<36'C or >37.5'C) refusal to participate in the study unable to understand the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: warming group<br>Warming group patients are applied prewarming with bair-hugger (43'C)(warm touch, COVIDIEN, full body blanket) for 10 minutes in the preanesthetic unit prior to induction of anesthesia. During operation, prewarmed intravenous fluid which was stored in the warming cabinet for more than 8 hours is connected and infused. Forced air blanket (warm touch, COVIDIEN, upper body blanket) with 38'C is applied for all patients during the operation. | Other: prewarming and warmed fluid infusion<br>* prewarming with forced air warming system and warmed fluid infusion.<br>|
| No Intervention: no warming group<br>No warming group patients are not applied prewarming devices. Intravenous fluid stored in room air is connected and infused during the operation. Forced air blanket (warm touch, COVIDIEN, upper body blanket) with 38'C is applied for all patients during the operation. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| incidence of hypothermia at the end of the operation | after completion of the operation, number of patients with hypothermia (<36'C) using esophageal stethoscope will be recorded. | approximately 1-2hours after induction (at the end of operation) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change in temperature before and end of operation | change in core temperature will be calculated and compared | on arrival at the OR upto 1-2hours after induction (at the end of the operation) | 
| incidence of shivering | shivering will be evaluated using 4 point shivering scale (0=none, 1=core and neck shivering, 2= upper extremity 3= whole body) | upto 1 hour after end of the operation (on arrival at the postanesthesia care unit) | 
| thermal comfort | thermal comfort will be evaluated using thermal comfort scale ( 0= very cold, 5= fine, 10= very hot and uncomfortable) | upto 1hour after end of the operation (at discharge of postanesthesia care unit) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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hypothermia