Temperature Recording in Lungs of Volunteers With and Without Pulmonary Diseases

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of the project is to estimate the air temperature in the lungs after a change from room temperature (25℃) to an environment with a constant temperature of 88-92℃ in resp. lung-healthy persons and persons with bronchiectasis.

Detailed Description
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Heat is a widely available therapeutic modality and is often used for recovery after physical activity and pain treatment, and sauna bathing is a form of whole body thermotherapy ranging from 80-100 ℃ and low humidity of 10-20%. The heat load in a sauna has been shown to activate several beneficial physiological effects, and no adverse effects on the lungs have been demonstrated. It is unknown how much the air temperature in the lower respiratory tract (bronchial tree) in humans rises to under surroundings of 88-92℃. This is an observational, clinical trial investigating the changes in air temperature at different bronchial segments in both lungs under surroundings of 88-92℃ resp. in lung-healthy persons and persons with bronchiectasis.

Official Title
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Temperature Recording in Lungs of Volunteers With and Without Pulmonary Diseases

Conditions
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Temperature Change, Body, Bronchiectasis, Heat Exposure, Heat

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Temperature-measurement in lungs under sauna bath


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Lung-healthy group: Inclusion criteria: Age ≥ 18 years Competent and capable Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)>1,0 L Does not suffer from bronchiectasis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, active lung infection (past 30 days) or lung cancer Exclusion criteria: Allergy to lidocaine and/or midazolam Contraindications to bronchoscopy* Previous severe laryngospasm (intubation requiring) Pregnancy/breastfeeding Severe linguistic problems or inability to give informed consent Severe mental illness that is not controlled with medication. NB: Patients with controlled mental illness can be included and will be asked on an equal footing as others Bronchiectasis group: Inclusion criteria: Age ≥ 18 years Competent and capable FEV1>1,0 L Have diagnosed bronchiectasis [radiology verified and evaluated by pulmonary specialist] Exclusion criteria: Allergy to lidocaine and/or midazolam Contraindications to bronchoscopy* Previous severe laryngospasm (intubation requiring) Pregnancy/breastfeeding Severe linguistic problems or inability to give informed consent Severe mental illness that is not controlled with medication. NB: Patients with controlled mental illness can be included and will be asked on an equal footing as others

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Lung-healthy group<br> | Other: Temperature-measurement in lungs under sauna bath<br>* Through a bronchoscopy procedure under an 88-92℃ environment, the air temperature is measured in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd bronchial segment, at 4th and 5th bronchial segment and at 6th-10th bronchial segment in resp. the right and left lung. The temperature is measured at time: 0 seconds (s), 15 s, 30 s, 45 s, 60 s, 75 s, 90 s, 105 s, 120 s, 135 s and 150 s.<br>|
| Bronchiectasis group<br> | Other: Temperature-measurement in lungs under sauna bath<br>* Through a bronchoscopy procedure under an 88-92℃ environment, the air temperature is measured in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd bronchial segment, at 4th and 5th bronchial segment and at 6th-10th bronchial segment in resp. the right and left lung. The temperature is measured at time: 0 seconds (s), 15 s, 30 s, 45 s, 60 s, 75 s, 90 s, 105 s, 120 s, 135 s and 150 s.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in air temperature | Changes in air temperature (under 88-92℃ surroundings) measured in both lungs at 1st, 2nd and 3rd bronchial segment, at 4th and 5th bronchial segment and at 6th-10th. bronchial segment at times 0 s, 15 s, 30 s, 45 s, 60 s, 75 s, 90 s, 105 s, 120 s, 135 s, and 150 s. | 1 day |