Drug Abuse Among Elective Surgeries: an Observational Study.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Drug abusers and addicts form a challenge to the anesthetist because of the added potential risks involved in the administration of anesthesia to this subset of patients, including potential unforeseen drug-drug interactions. In this study, we aimed at screening all patients scheduled for elective orthopedic or general surgeries at the Cairo University Teaching Hospital during a set period of time for the most commonly abused drugs in Egypt.

Detailed Description
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All patients included in the study consented to take part in this study. Each patient was asked to answer a questionnaire and submit a urine sample in order to be screened for the most commonly abused drugs in Egypt (hashish, tramadol, benzodiazepine, and morphine). Patients were then followed up both intra and post-operatively. Values of patient vital signs, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) scores as well as clinical recovery scores (CRS) were all diligently recorded and analyzed.

Official Title
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Incidence of Drug Abuse at the Cairo University Teaching Hospital Among Patients Who Underwent Elective Surgeries

Conditions
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Drug Abuse

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: urine analysis


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: male or female patients classified as American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) I or II patients patients between 15 and 60 years of age patients scheduled for elective surgery. Exclusion Criteria: emergency surgery those with disturbed conscious levels history of psychological illness who refused to give consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Diagnostic Test: urine analysis|Urine was then tested for evidence of substance abuse using the multi-drug screen panel dip steak ABONtm (Abon Biopharm (Hangzhou) CO., Ltd) which is a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay . It allowed for qualitative detection of multiple drugs in a single run. This kit was chosen for its ability to detect the most commonly abused substances in Egypt, namely: opioids, benzodiazepines, hashish, and tramadol. A single coloured line at region C for of a specific drug indicated a positive result, whilst two coloured lines at both regions C and T indicated a negative result. The absence of coloured lines was an indication of the invalidity of the particular kit, and the kit was discarded.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| urine analysis | multi-drug screen panel dip steak (Abon Biopharm (Hangzhou) , Ltd) | THREE MONTHS | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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drug abuse, Cairo Teaching Hospital, elective surgery