Is the Decrease in the Bispectral Index Correlated With a Decrease in Cardiac Output During the Induction of Anaesthesia?

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Monitoring the bispectral index (BIS) as a peri-operative hemodynamic tool appears to be justified by the agreement between various clinical situations in which BIS monitoring appears to be of value: the prognosis in traumatic head injury, the diagnosis of brain death , and the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism. The current controversy concerning the triple low state reinforces the need for an accurate study in this field. Furthermore, the recent review by Bidd argues in this sense.

Official Title
-----------------
Is the Decrease in the Bispectral Index Correlated With a Decrease in Cardiac Output During the Induction of Anaesthesia? A Observational, Single-centre Study

Conditions
-----------------
Thoracic Surgery

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Device: recording of cardiac output
* Device: other parameters


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Adult (over-18) patients presenting an indication for general anaesthesia during elective cardiac surgery and being monitored for sedation depth Good echogenicity Social security coverage Exclusion Criteria: Pregnancy Subjects with black skin (a known technical limitation of plethysmography) Cardiac arrhythmia Sepsis Poor echogenicity Legal guardianship or incarceration Complications of anaesthesia during induction (anaphylactic shock, cardiac arrest, arrhythmia, or intubation not possible)

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| patients<br>patients presenting an indication for general anaesthesia during elective cardiac surgery and being monitored for sedation depth recording of cardiac output other parameters | Device: recording of cardiac output<br> <br> Device: other parameters<br>* BIS (bispectral index ), PI (perfusion index ), etCO2 (end-tidal carbon dioxide ), and brain NIRS (near-infrared spectroscopy)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| correlation between variations in the BIS and variations in cardiac output | as measured by transthoracic echocardiography | Day 0 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| correlation between cardiac output and the perfusion index (PI) during the induction of anaesthesia. | measured by transthoracic echocardiography | Day 0 | 
| correlation between cardiac output and end-tidal carbon dioxide (etCO2) during the induction of anaesthesia. | measured by transthoracic echocardiography | Day 0 | 
| correlation between the cardiac output and the value of brain tissue oxygenation (measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)) during the induction of anaesthesia | measured by transthoracic echocardiography | Day 0 | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
anaesthesia