The Relationship Between Q Angle and Quadriceps Muscle Activation on Dynamic Balance in Women

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The quadriceps angle (Q angle) is significant for the lower extremity alignment. Anatomical alignment of Q angle is related to Quadriceps muscle strength. Women have consistently been found to have larger Q angles than men and are more often affected due to patellofemoral problems. Quadriceps muscle activation and lower extremity alignment affect musculoskeletal health in women.The aim of this study wa s to determine the relationship between Q angle and quadriceps muscle activation on dynamic balance in women.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Objective: To determine the relationship between Q angle and quadriceps muscle activation on dynamic balance in women. Design: Correlational Study. Setting: University. Participants: Forth women will be included in the study. Interventions: Q angle in standing and supine positions, quadriceps muscle activation, static and dynamic balance and functionality were measured. Main Outcome Measurements: Q angle will measured with a tape measure; muscle activation will measured with Surface Electromyography (EMG) static balance will measured with Flamingo Balance Test (FBT); dynamic balance will measured with ProKin 252 Techno Body device; and, functionality will measured with Short Form Musculoskeletal Assessment (SFMA). Before the evaluation of EMG amplitude on dynamic balance position, the Q angle will measured in supine and standing positions. The EMG signals collected by measuring the muscle activation of the Vastus Medialis and Vastus Lateralis during dynamic balance position on the ProKin device will recorded.

Official Title
-----------------
The Relationship Between Q Angle and Quadriceps Muscle Activation on Dynamic Balance in Women

Conditions
-----------------
Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Evaluation of Q angle and Quadriceps muscle activation on dynamic balance position


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: The inclusion criteria were being women, being aged 19-25, and not having musculoskeletal or neurological problems. Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria were having an operation in the past year, taking medicine related to lower limb problems, persistent pain and discomfort of the lower extremity.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 19 Years
Maximum Age: 25 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental group<br>Before the evaluation of EMG amplitude on dynamic balance position, the Q angle was measured in supine and standing positions. The EMG signals collected by measuring the muscle activation of the Vastus Medialis and Vastus Lateralis during dynamic balance position on the ProKin device were recorded. Q angle evaluations, static and dynamic balance and functional status of all participants were evaluated. | Other: Evaluation of Q angle and Quadriceps muscle activation on dynamic balance position<br>* Evaluation of Q angle, Quadriceps muscle activation, static and dynamic balance and functionality of all individuals was done.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Q angle evaluation | The Q angle was measured with a standard universal goniometer. It was measured by drawing a line from the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine to the center of the patella and a second line from the center of the tibial tubercle to the center of the patella. | 5 minutes | 
| Electromyographic (EMG) measurements | EMG biofeedback is a device that detects neuromuscular contractions and provides feedback signals to the subject. During the ProKin 252 Techno Body balance system, Vastus Medialis and Vastus Lateralis muscles activity levels were recorded at 1000-Hz sample data-regulating Surface EMG device and analyzed using the Biometrics Datalog (UK) system. | 15 minutes | 
| Dynamic Balance Evaluation | Dynamic balance was evaluated by ProKin 252 Techno Body balance device. The participants were taken to the balance platform on the right foot with their eyes open, after determining the reference interval and setting the test time as 30 seconds.They were instructed to stay balanced on the platform | 15 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Static Balance Evaluation | Static balance was assessed with Flamingo Balance Test (FBT) in open and closed eyes conditions.The subjects stood on the beam which was 50 cm long, 5 cm in height and 3 cm wide. Then the instructor started the stopwatch and the subjects tried to stand in this position for one minute. When the time was over, the subjects' attempts after they fell were counted and this score was recorded | 5 minutes | 
| Functionality Assessment | The functional status of subjects was evaluated with the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment Questionnaire (SMFA). | 5 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Q angle, Quadriceps muscle activation, EMG, Balance