Taste Perception Pre and Post Bariatric Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators wish to study the effects of three forms of bariatric surgery, gastric bypass lap banding, and sleeve gastrectomy. The surgery is not part of the clinical trial. If your insurance does not cover the procedure, then the patient is responsible for payment of the surgical process. The investigators are doing pre and post surgery testing to provide a better understanding of the effect of bariatric surgery-induced weight-loss on taste perception.

Detailed Description
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Bariatric surgery is the most effective weight loss therapy for obesity. However, the mechanisms responsible for decreased food intake are incompletely understood. One possible mechanism that could account for decreased food intake is changes in taste perception. Therefore, the primary goal of this proposal is to provide a better understanding of the effects of bariatric surgery-induced weight-loss on taste perception.

Official Title
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Effect of Bariatric Surgery-induced Weight Loss on Taste Perception

Conditions
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Morbid Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Gastric bypass
* Procedure: Gastric banding
* Procedure: Sleeve gastrectomy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI >=35 kg/m² on stable dose of medication for at least 4 weeks before the pre-surgery studies women Exclusion Criteria: smokes > 7 cigarettes per day previous malabsorptive or restrictive intestinal surgery pregnant or breastfeeding recent history of neoplasia (< 5 years ago) have malabsorptive syndromes and inflammatory intestinal disease diabetes mellitus show signs of oral disease or xerostomia (i.e. dry mouth) history of chronic rhinitis on medication that might affect taste severe organ disfunction

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Gastric Bypass<br>morbidly obese subjects undergoing gastric bypass surgery | Procedure: Gastric bypass<br>* Roux-en-Y gastric bypass<br>|
| Gastric banding<br>morbidly obese subjects undergoing laparoscopic gastric banding surgery | Procedure: Gastric banding<br>* Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding<br>|
| Sleeve gastrectomy<br>morbidly obese subjects undergoing sleeve gastrectomy surgery | Procedure: Sleeve gastrectomy<br>* Sleeve gastrectomy surgery<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes on Taste Detection Thresholds After Bariatric Surgery-induced Weight Loss (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic Adjustable Banding). | -Taste detection thresholds measures the lowest concentration of a tastant that can be detected (mili molar amounts). | we will measure the above outcomes before surgery and at 20% weight loss post surgery, which on average we expect will occur around 3 months post-surgery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes on Emotional, External and Restricted Eating Behavior and Food Craving After Bariatric Surgery-induced Weight Loss (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding). | -Eating behavior will be measured with validated questionnaires including among others the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and the Food Craving Inventory (FCI). The DEBQ measures three common psychological dimensions of eating behavior: 1) emotional eating , 2) external eating (an inclination to eat in response to external food cues such as the smell and taste of food), and 3) restrained eating (an inclination to consciously restrict food intake to control body weight). The FCI is a validated measure of the frequency of overall food cravings as well as cravings for specific types of foods (high fats, sweets, carbohydrates/ starches, and fast-food fats) during the past month. For the DEBQ and the FCI, subjects score their answers by using a 5-point Likert scale (1=never, 5=very often/always).Therefore, lower numbers means having less frequent food cravings (for FCI), or engaging less frequently in the particular type of eating behavior (for DEBQ). | we will measure the above outcomes before surgery and at 20% weight loss post surgery, which on average we expect will occur around 3 months post-surgery | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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obesity, gastric bypass, gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, weight loss, taste perception