Correlation Between Trachebroncho Malacia/Hyperdynamic Airway Collapse And Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators hypothesize that there is a strong correlation between OSA and TBM/HDAC. Our hypothesis is based on the similarities in mechanism (airway collapse), symptoms (daytime and nocturnal dyspnea) predisposing conditions (obesity and neuromuscular abnormalities of the chest wall and the diaphragm), and effect of interventions (CPAP and BIPAP) in these diseases.

Detailed Description
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Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and HyperDynamic Airway Collapse (HDAC) are two distinct airway diseases that lead to airway collapse which can in turn lead to the symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and inability to expectorate sputum effectively. TBM entails flaccid tracheal and bronchial cartilages leading to airway collapse, emanating primarily from the anterior wall of the lumen. It is seen in conditions such as Relapsing Polychondritis and saber sheath tracheal deformity. HDAC on the other hand is the hyper-flaccidity of the membranous portion of the tracheobronchial tree leading to airway collapse. This condition is commonly seen with obesity and severe emphysema. TBM and HDAC frequently coexist. In patients with TBM/HDAC sleep disorders are common. Patients often complain of poor quality sleep, snoring, daytime fatigue, and somnolence. These patients are often diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) upon workup.

Official Title
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Correlation Between Trachebroncho Malacia/Hyperdynamic Airway Collapse And Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Conditions
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Trachebronchomalacia (TBM), Hyper Dynamic Airway Collapse (HDAC), Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Females and males ages 18-80 years old Able and willing to provide written informed consent Existing diagnosis of TBM or HDAC or both No pre-existing diagnosis of OSA No history of reconstructive surgery of chest wall or diaphragm Exclusion Criteria: Inability to provide informed consent Non-English speaking Poorly controlled congestive heart failure Untreated Insomnia Severe Coronary artery disease with active symptoms of angina Patient is pregnant, or plans to become pregnant in next 3 months Moderate to severe bronchiectasis Severe untreated gastroesophageal disease (GERD). Moderate to large hiatal hernia deemed to be atleast in part responsible for TBM/HDAC Airway obstruction not caused by TBM /HDAC or secondary TBM/HDAC caused by conditions such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Active or recent (with in last one year) cancer or cancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiation therapy or surgery) Inability to properly perform the home sleep test Unreliable test data after 2 attempts BMI>45

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale | The Epworth Sleepiness Scale is widely used in the field of sleep medicine as a subjective measure of a patient's sleepiness. The test is a list of eight situations in which you rate your tendency to become sleepy on a scale of 0, no chance of dozing, to 3, high chance of dozing. | Baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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TBM, Tracheobronchomalacia, HyperDynamic Airway Collapse, HDAC, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, OSA