Effect of a Mixed Macronutritional Meal With Medium Chain Triglycerides on the Oxidation of Postprandial Macronutrients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The main aim of this study is to determine the effect of the addition of medium chain triglycerides to a mixed macro nutritional meal on postprandial macronutrients oxidation (i.e. fat oxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, change in respiratory quotient, peak respiratory quotient, etc.).

Detailed Description
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A mixed meal characterized by a high quantity of carbohydrates could develop an increment in the postprandial carbohydrate oxidation. Medium chain triglycerides could be absorbed and metabolized immediately. It is plausible that its addition to a mixed meal unchains the decrement in the carbohydrate oxidation and increment in fat oxidation. If this hypothesis it is correct, its lower postprandial carbohydrate oxidation could develop a higher postprandial exposure to hyperglycemia, being of clinical interest. 20 young adults will be randomized into two conditions (experimental and control conditions) with 7 days of separation between conditions. Each evaluation day will conform to the following tests: Basal metabolic rate assessment through indirect calorimetry. Intake of the corresponding mixed meal (experimental or control) Postprandial nutrient oxidation and energy expenditure through indirect calorimetry Blood samples assessment in 9 time points during the evaluation day. Post-prandial sensations related to appetite in 11 time points during the evaluation day

Official Title
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Effect of the Addition of Medium Chain Triglycerides to a Mixed Macronutritional Meal on the Oxidation of Postprandial Macronutrients

Conditions
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Metabolic Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Mixed meal with medium chain triglycerides
* Dietary Supplement: Mixed meal with the replacement of medium chain triglycerides with unsaturated tryglicerides


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy male or female Ages 18-30 years BMI: 18-27.5 kg/m2 Stable weight over the last 3 months (body weight changes<35kg) Participant must be capable and willing to provide consent, understand exclusion criteria, instructions and protocols. Exclusion Criteria: History of cardiovascular disease Diabetes or hypertension Pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding Have been treated previously or during the study period with prescription drugs: antihypertensive, lipid lowering, acid uric lowering, glucose lowering, beta blockers or any drug that under the investigator's judged could influence the results. Hematological pathology Have had a blood transfusion or severe blood loss within the last 3 months Allergy/intolerance to milk proteins, fish, soy, and/or any ingredient of the mixed meal Any non-controlled medical condition which could influence results or could be worsened by the participation in the study Claustrophobia Needle phobia Are deemed unsuitable by the investigator for any other reason, that prevent data collection.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Meal with medium chain triglycerdies first<br>Arm 1: participants randomized to receive the mixed meal with medium chain triglycerides first. | Dietary Supplement: Mixed meal with medium chain triglycerides<br>* Mixed macronutrient liquid meal (1.6kcal/ml, 15% protein, 47% carbohydrates, 35% fat, 3% fiber) with medium chain triglycerides (3g/100 kcal). An amount with energy supply equivalent to their 50% basal metabolic rate.<br>Dietary Supplement: Mixed meal with the replacement of medium chain triglycerides with unsaturated tryglicerides<br>* Mixed macronutrient liquid meal (1.6kcal/ml, 15% protein, 47% carbohydrates, 35% fat, 3% fiber) without medium chain triglycerides (replaced it with long chain triglycerides). An amount with energy supply equivalent to their 50% basal metabolic rate.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Meal with medium chain triglycerdies second<br>Arm 2: participants randomized to receive the mixed meal without medium chain triglycerides first.te | Dietary Supplement: Mixed meal with medium chain triglycerides<br>* Mixed macronutrient liquid meal (1.6kcal/ml, 15% protein, 47% carbohydrates, 35% fat, 3% fiber) with medium chain triglycerides (3g/100 kcal). An amount with energy supply equivalent to their 50% basal metabolic rate.<br>Dietary Supplement: Mixed meal with the replacement of medium chain triglycerides with unsaturated tryglicerides<br>* Mixed macronutrient liquid meal (1.6kcal/ml, 15% protein, 47% carbohydrates, 35% fat, 3% fiber) without medium chain triglycerides (replaced it with long chain triglycerides). An amount with energy supply equivalent to their 50% basal metabolic rate.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Post-prandial nutrient oxidation | Fat or carbohydrate oxidation measured by indrect calorimetry | 4 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Post-prandial blood glucose concentrations | Measures of blood glucose concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial blood insulin concentrations | Measures of blood insulin concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial blood non-esterified fatty acid concentrations | Measures of blood non-esterified fatty acid concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial blood tryglicerides concentrations | Measures of blood tryglicerides concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial blood cholesterol concentrations | Measures of blood cholesterol concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial blood glycerol concentrations | Measures of blood glycerol concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial blood lactate concentrations | Measures of blood lactate concentrations | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial energy expenditure | Measured by indrect calorimetry | 4 hours | 
| Post-prandial sensations related to appetite | Measured by visual analogue scales (VAS). Score ranging from 0 to 100mm. Higher values mean the most positive rating, while lower values mean the most negative rating. | 4 hours |