Effectiveness of Video-based Yoga Practices for Sedentary Women in Pandemic Days

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is an observational study aiming to Examine the effects of video-based yoga compared to face-to-face yoga and physical exercise practices on the physical features, respiratory capacity and sleep quality of sedentary women in pandemic days. The pranayama (respiration), asana (poses), and meditation were given to the face-to-face yoga group, and the same exercises of the face-to-face yoga group were recorded in the video for the video-based yoga group. The exercises for respiration, muscle strengthening, stabilization, and flexibility were given face-to-face to the physical exercise group.

Detailed Description
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This is an observational study aiming to Examine the effects of video-based yoga compared to face-to-face yoga and physical exercise practices on the physical features, respiratory capacity and sleep quality of sedentary women in pandemic days. The respiration, poses, and meditation were given to the face-to-face yoga group, and the same exercises of the face-to-face yoga group were recorded in the video for the video-based yoga group. The exercises for respiration, muscle strengthening, stabilization, and flexibility were given face-to-face to the physical exercise group. The sessions for each group were given for a total of 6 weeks (2days/week) as 12 sessions, and 60 min. Their respiration (spirometer Pony-Fx), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), posture (New York Posture Rating Chart), balance (Single Leg Stance Assessment, Functional Reach Distance), functional strength (5X Sit-to-Stand test), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) were evaluated at the beginning and end of the 6 weeks. The data were assessed statistically.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of Video-based Yoga Practices on the Physical Features, Respiratory Capacity and Sleep Quality of Sedentary Women in Pandemic Days

Conditions
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Women

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Sociodemographic profile, quality of life, sleep, fatigue, physical function and balance assessments
* Other: Video-based yoga
* Other: Face-to-face yoga
* Other: physical exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: being between the age of 18 - 60 years, not having any history of a systemic disease, such as musculoskeletal or neurological problems, cardiac or lung diseases, diabetes and no history of recent surgery not having participated in a regular exercise program in the last 6 months and not having a history of active sports engagement Exclusion Criteria: not being voluntary to join the study and missing more than three sessions during the study period

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Video-based yoga group<br>The pranayama (respiration), asana (poses), yoga exercises and meditation were given to by means of video at home for 6 weeks (2days/week) as 12 sessions, and 60 min. | Behavioral: Sociodemographic profile, quality of life, sleep, fatigue, physical function and balance assessments<br>* Respiratory functions are assessed with a portable spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Measures the physical, mental, social, and environmental well-being were tested to understand the quality of life. The quality of sleep, delayed sleep, sleep disorders, usage of sleeping pills, and loss of functionality during the day were assessed. The balance and static standing capability of the participants were tested. The functional reach of participants were tested by expecting them to lean forwardly as far as they can without taking a step, nor rising their heels. The fatigue feeling of the participants as everyday life were assessed. The posture of the participants was assessed on 13 regions at anterior, posterior and lateral views.<br>Other: Video-based yoga<br>* Video-based yoga<br>|
| Face-to-face yoga group<br>The pranayama (respiration), asana (poses), yoga exercises and meditation were given to face to face at Volunteer Training and Consultation Centre for 6 weeks (2days/week) as 12 sessions, and 60 min. | Behavioral: Sociodemographic profile, quality of life, sleep, fatigue, physical function and balance assessments<br>* Respiratory functions are assessed with a portable spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Measures the physical, mental, social, and environmental well-being were tested to understand the quality of life. The quality of sleep, delayed sleep, sleep disorders, usage of sleeping pills, and loss of functionality during the day were assessed. The balance and static standing capability of the participants were tested. The functional reach of participants were tested by expecting them to lean forwardly as far as they can without taking a step, nor rising their heels. The fatigue feeling of the participants as everyday life were assessed. The posture of the participants was assessed on 13 regions at anterior, posterior and lateral views.<br>Other: Face-to-face yoga<br>* Face-to-face yoga<br>|
| physical exercise<br>The exercises for respiration, muscle strengthening, stabilization, and flexibility were given face-to-face at Volunteer Training and Consultation Centre for 6 weeks (2days/week) as 12 sessions, and 60 min. | Behavioral: Sociodemographic profile, quality of life, sleep, fatigue, physical function and balance assessments<br>* Respiratory functions are assessed with a portable spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Measures the physical, mental, social, and environmental well-being were tested to understand the quality of life. The quality of sleep, delayed sleep, sleep disorders, usage of sleeping pills, and loss of functionality during the day were assessed. The balance and static standing capability of the participants were tested. The functional reach of participants were tested by expecting them to lean forwardly as far as they can without taking a step, nor rising their heels. The fatigue feeling of the participants as everyday life were assessed. The posture of the participants was assessed on 13 regions at anterior, posterior and lateral views.<br>Other: physical exercise<br>* physical exercise<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Respiratory Function Tests | Respiratory Function (portable spirometer; Pony Fx, Rome, Italy) assessed according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. The deep expiration after maximal inspiration aForced Vital capacity-FVC(lts), the air volume released in the first second during forced expiration - Forced Expiratory Volume 1-FEV1(lts), the ratio of forced expiratory volume to the forced vital capacity in the first second - FEV1/FVC (%), peak expiratory flow during forced expiration - PEF (lt/sec) and vital capacity - VC (lts) are evaluated. | 2 months | 
| The demographic data of the participants | The demographic data of the participants as gender, age, dominant hand, educational background, smoking status, and the number of cigarettes per day were recorded by means of a specially prepared questionnaire for this study. | 2 months | 
| body weight, height and body mass index of the participants | The body weight (kilograms), height (meters) will be measured and the body mass index (kg/m2) of each participant will be recorded. | 3 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-PSQI | It is a self-reporting scale that is comprised of 19 items. Each element of the scale is evaluated on a score of 0 to 3 equally. Questions are assigned a score between 0 and 3 and higher scores reflect bad sleep quality.The total PSQI score (0-21) as scale is acquired after the addition of the sub scales in the questionnaire. High values indicate bad sleep quality and a higher level of sleep disturbance. A total score above 5 indicates that the quality of sleep is poor clinically. | 2 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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video-based yoga, Posture, Vital capacity, Exercise, Fatigue