Antibiotic Prescribing Behavior Among French Intensivist: Construction and Validation of a Questionnaire

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Antibiotic resistance is a major threat in modern medicine. Overuse of antibiotics is an important driver of antibiotic resistance. However, some authors have shown that up to 50% of antibiotic treatments in critically ill patients are inappropriate, mostly because they are used in patients with non-bacterial infections. In order to improve antibiotic use, several antibiotic stewardship programs have been implemented worldwide. However, only few of them have taken into account the determinants of prescribing behaviors. Yet, these determinants have been shown to play a role among general practitioners of hospital doctors. Nevertheless, none of these factors have been studied among intensivists. The current project represent phase 1 of the study : construction and validation of a questionnaire.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Antibiotic resistance is a major threat in modern medicine. Overuse of antibiotics is an important driver of antibiotic resistance. In critical care setting, antibiotic therapies are widely used due to the high number of patients presenting with sepsis. However, some authors have shown that up to 50% of antibiotic treatments in critically ill patients are inappropriate, mostly because they are used in patients with non-bacterial infections. In order to improve antibiotic use, several antibiotic stewardship programs have been implemented worldwide. However, only few of them have taken into account the determinants of prescribing behaviors. Yet, these determinants have been shown to play a role among general practitioners of hospital doctors. Nevertheless, none of these factors have been studied among intensivists. The study is designed to investigate social, cultural, contextual and personal factors influencing antibiotic prescribing among French intensivists. The design will consist of three phases: Phase 1: construction and validation of a questionnaire Phase 2: the questionnaire will be sent to all intensivist, including residents, in France Phase 3: qualitative study, based on semi-structured interviews. The current project represent phase 1 of the study.

Official Title
-----------------
Antibiotic Prescribing Behavior Among French Intensivist: Construction and Validation of a Questionnaire

Conditions
-----------------
Antibiotic Reaction

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Content Validity


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Physicians with predominant intensive care practice Resident, with a minimum of two-month experience in the intensive care unit Exclusion Criteria: Refusal to participate

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: Content Validity|For the validity of built, it is generally advisable to include a ratio of 100 participants for 30 questionnaire items. In order to have a suitable questionnaire, we will limit ourselves to 30 items which will be the size of our questionnaire. It was therefore planned to include 100 participants The selection of experts will be based on experience in this area, knowledge and availability. It will be a rescimant physician and an infectious disease doctor. Each expert will be invited in isolation to comment on the items in the questionnaire|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Content validity | Construction and validation of a questionnaire by 2 experts in reanimation and infectiology. This questionnaire will include these items: demographic datas, medical data concerning the use of antibiotics, social data exploring the collective and social components of antibiotic prescription, personal data in search of individual factors, attitude to antibiotic therapy. | months 18 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Face validity | the questionnaire will be sent to all intensivist, including residents, in France | months 18 | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Antibiotic prescribing, questionnaire, Antibiotic resistance, behavior