Surveillance of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Cameroonian Garrison

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Purpose: The objective of our study was to assess the cardiovascular risk of a Cameroonian military population and compare it to the cardiovascular risk of the neighboring civilian population. Patients and methods: We will conduct a cross-sectional study that involved subjects aged from 18 to 58 years, recruited from October 2017 to November 2018 at the Fifth Military Sector Health Center in Ngaoundéré. Data collection and assessment was done according to World Health Organization STEPS manual for surveillance of risk factors of Non-communicable chronic diseases; and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Five cardiovascular risk factors were assessed, smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, obesity/overweight, hypertension and diabetes. Cardiovascular risk was considered high in subjects with three or more cardiovascular risk factors. Univariates analysis and multivariate logistic regression were carried out according to their indications.

Official Title
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Surveillance of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Cameroonian Garrison

Conditions
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Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: STEPS and AUDIT questionnaires


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: agree to participate, had to be aged between 18 and 58 years old, representing ages of enrollment and retirement for Cameroonian soldiers respectively. Exclusion Criteria: -

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 58 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Soldiers<br>any soldier who attended the Military Medical Center of Sector N°5 for the annual re-engagement medical visit during the period from January 1, 2017 to November 13, 2018. | Diagnostic Test: STEPS and AUDIT questionnaires<br>* assessment was done according to World Health Organization STEPS manual for surveillance of risk factors of Non-communicable chronic diseases; and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Five cardiovascular risk factors were assessed, smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, obesity/overweight, hypertension and diabetes. Cardiovascular risk was considered high in subjects with three or more cardiovascular risk factors.<br>|
| Civilians<br>The civilian populations were recruited from two free cardiovascular risk factors screening campaigns carried out from January 04, 2017 to January 10, 2017 and from November 12, 2018 to November 18, 2018 | Diagnostic Test: STEPS and AUDIT questionnaires<br>* assessment was done according to World Health Organization STEPS manual for surveillance of risk factors of Non-communicable chronic diseases; and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Five cardiovascular risk factors were assessed, smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, obesity/overweight, hypertension and diabetes. Cardiovascular risk was considered high in subjects with three or more cardiovascular risk factors.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cardiovascular risk factor | evaluated by summing the participant's cardiovascular risk factors. The cardiovascular risk factors used for the cardiovascular risk assessment were smoking, excessive alcohol consumption (defined by an AUDIT score ≥ 8), overweight or obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. The cardiovascular risk was considered high if the subject had a combination of at least 3 cardiovascular risk factors. | At inclusion | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Smoking | answering yes to the question do you smoke? | At inclusion | 
| Alcoholism | answering yes to the question do you consume alcohol? | At inclusion | 
| Body mass index | 3 modalities was defined according to BMI. Underweight (BMI < 18.5 Kg/m2), normal weight (18 ≤ BMI < 25 Kg/m²), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30 Kg/m²), obesity (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²). | At inclusion | 
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or taking a hypotensive treatment. | At inclusion | 
| Glycaemia (mmol/L) | Fasting blood glucose ≥ 7 mmol/l or taking a hypoglycemic treatment | At inclusion | 
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg or taking a hypotensive treatment. | At inclusion | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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prevention, non-communicable disease, cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular risk, soldiers