Smoking Cessation in Workplaces in Hong Kong [Phase II]

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study has the following objectives: To examine the employers'/managerial staff's knowledge, attitudes and practices in promoting smoking cessation in workplace. To evaluate the smoking behaviours of participants before and after attending a smoking cessation intervention.

Detailed Description
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Study design In Phase I of this study, a large scale cross-sectional survey will be sent to 3000 corporations in Hong Kong. The questionnaire will examine the employers' knowledge, attitudes and practices in promoting smoking cessation in the workplace. In Phase II, a longitudinal study will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention offered by the Department of Psychology, the University of Hong Kong. A total of 600 smokers from corporations will be recruited and interviewed before the intervention at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-, 4-, 12-, 26- and 52-week post-intervention follow-ups, in an attempt to evaluate their smoking behaviours, knowledge on smoking and satisfaction of the smoking cessation services. Self-reported quitters (did not smoke in the past 7 days) will be invited to participate in the bio-chemical validation by assessing their exhaled carbon monoxide level and the saliva cotinine level. Process evaluation: Qualitative interviews, including in-depth interviews and/or focus group will be conducted within 1 month after 12-month follow-up.

Official Title
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Assessing the Corporate Environment in Promoting Tobacco Control and Evaluation of a Smoking Cessation Programme in Workplaces in Hong Kong

Conditions
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Smoking

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: workshop (Motivational intervention)
* Behavioral: Health talk
* Behavioral: Face to Face counseling
* Behavioral: Phone counseling
* Behavioral: SMS
* Behavioral: Booklet


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Hong Kong residents aged 18 or above Cantonese speaker and able to read in Chinese characters Smoke at least one cigarette per day Stay at Hong Kong during the intervention and follow-up periods (12 months) Exclusion Criteria: Smokers who are psychologically or physically unable to communicate Smokers who are currently following other smoking cessation programme(s) Smokers with diagnosed psychiatric illnesses

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group A<br>Health talk + workshop (Motivational intervention) + booklet + Short Message Service (SMS) | Behavioral: workshop (Motivational intervention)<br>* Through intensive workshop which includes motivation of quitting enhancement, stress management, smoking triggers, cravings and relapse, to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: Health talk<br>* Health talk provided information about hazards of tobacco (active smoking, second- and third-hand smoke), benefits of quitting smoking and methods to quit smoking<br>Behavioral: SMS<br>* Use motivational interview strategies through telephone messages to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: Booklet<br>* A 26-page booklet included information about smoking and diseases, benefits of quitting smoking, methods to quit smoking, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, stress management, declaration of quitting smoking, decisional balance of smoking or quitting<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Group B<br>Face to Face counseling (Motivational intervention) + Booklet + SMS | Behavioral: Health talk<br>* Health talk provided information about hazards of tobacco (active smoking, second- and third-hand smoke), benefits of quitting smoking and methods to quit smoking<br>Behavioral: Face to Face counseling<br>* Use motivational interview strategies through face-to-face counseling to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: SMS<br>* Use motivational interview strategies through telephone messages to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: Booklet<br>* A 26-page booklet included information about smoking and diseases, benefits of quitting smoking, methods to quit smoking, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, stress management, declaration of quitting smoking, decisional balance of smoking or quitting<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Group C<br>Phone counseling (Motivational intervention) + Health talk + booklet + SMS | Behavioral: Health talk<br>* Health talk provided information about hazards of tobacco (active smoking, second- and third-hand smoke), benefits of quitting smoking and methods to quit smoking<br>Behavioral: SMS<br>* Use motivational interview strategies through telephone messages to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: Booklet<br>* A 26-page booklet included information about smoking and diseases, benefits of quitting smoking, methods to quit smoking, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, stress management, declaration of quitting smoking, decisional balance of smoking or quitting<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Group D<br>Phone counseling (Motivational intervention) + booklet + SMS | Behavioral: Phone counseling<br>* Use motivational interview strategies through telephone counseling to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: SMS<br>* Use motivational interview strategies through telephone messages to provide smoking cessation intervention<br>Behavioral: Booklet<br>* A 26-page booklet included information about smoking and diseases, benefits of quitting smoking, methods to quit smoking, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, stress management, declaration of quitting smoking, decisional balance of smoking or quitting<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline smoking quit rate at 6-month | Quit smoking rate is defined by the self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence. It is a binary type (yes/no) questionnaire and participants answer the question about their smoking status in the past 7 days at 6-month after the intervention. | 6 months after the intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline smoking reduction at 6-month | Smoking reduction is defined as reduced at least 50% of cigarette consumption. Participants were asked to respond to the daily cigarette consumption at 6-month after the intervention. Their daily cigarette consumption at 6-month were compared with baseline's daily cigarette consumption and determine whether they had reduced at least 50% cigarette consumption at 6-month. | 6 months after the intervention | 
| Change from baseline smoking reduction at 12-month | Smoking reduction is defined as reduced at least 50% of cigarette consumption. Participants were asked to respond to the daily cigarette consumption at 6-month after the intervention. Their daily cigarette consumption at 12-month were compared with baseline's daily cigarette consumption and determine whether they had reduced at least 50% cigarette consumption at 12-month. | 12 months after the intervention | 
| Change from baseline smoking quit rate at 12-month | Quit smoking rate is defined by the self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence. It is a binary type (yes/no) questionnaire and participants answer the question about their smoking status in the past 7 days at 12-month after the intervention. | 12 months after the intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Smoking cessation interventions