Motivational Interviewing to Improve Self Management in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A brief, nurse-led educational intervention using motivational interviewing substantially improved general and disease-specific self-management skills in youth with type 1 diabetes.

Detailed Description
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Introduction and Objectives: For youth with chronic health conditions, adolescence is associated with a deterioration of disease self-management and poor health outcomes. Effective interventions are needed to prepare youth for transition to adulthood and adult care. To prospectively assess the impact of an education program based on motivational interviewing on self-management skills and glycemic control in youth with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: After parental consent and youth assent, investigators prospectively randomized 66 adolescents 13-18 years old with type 1 diabetes to either usual care (regular medical consultation) or usual care supplemented by sessions with a nurse educator using a motivational interviewing (MI) approach and goal setting based on responses to the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) and T1D specific self-management skills. Primary outcomes were TRAQ change scores and HbA1c levels between baseline and 6 months.

Official Title
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A RCT Using Motivational Interviewing to Improve Self Management in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Conditions
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type1diabetes

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Motivational interviewing


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes Having an age between 13 and 18 years Exclusion Criteria: Having a neurological disability (epilepsy, autism) Having a significant intellectual delay, which might have affected their ability to understand the content of the program

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: 78 were screened and 66 youth were randomized to 2 groups of 33 each and followed for 6 months with data collection at time zero, 3 months and 6 months.
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group<br>Youth in this group received usual care, consisting of medical consultations, in combination with a health education program based on motivational interviewing provided by a nurse | Other: Motivational interviewing<br>* a health education program based on motivational interviewing provided by a nurse<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Youth in this group received usual care only consisting of medical consultations | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) scores | The TRAQ includes 20 items divided into five subscales: 1) Appointment keeping (7 questions; e.g., Do you call the doctor's office to make an appointment?) 2) Tracking health issues (4 questions; e.g., Do you keep a calendar or list of medical and other appointments?); 3) Managing medications (4 questions; e.g., Do you know what to do if you are having a bad reaction to your medications?); 4) Talking with healthcare providers (2 questions; e.g. Do you tell the doctor or nurse what you are feeling?); 5) Managing daily activities (3 questions; e.g. Do you help plan or prepare meals/food?). Each question has the same Liker response set from 1 to 5 using the Stages of Change Transtheoretical Model as a framework. A minimum score of ''1'' is assigned to the responses 'No, I don't know how' while a maximum score of '' 5 '' is assigned to responses labeled Yes, I always do it when I need it. Higher scores mean better outcome. | Change from Baseline TRAQ score at 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hemoglobin glycated values | Hemoglobin glycated values | Change from Baseline Hemoglobin glycated values at 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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adolescent, transition to adult care, type 1 diabetes