Artificial Intelligence to Assess the Association Between Facial Characteristics and Coronary Artery Diseases

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purposes of this study are 1) to explore the association between facial characteristics and the increased risk of coronary artery diseases; 2) to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of appearance factors for coronary artery diseases.

Detailed Description
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Several age-related appearance factors were described associated with increased risk of coronary artery diseases (CAD). However, several limitations made these facial risk factors hard to be utilized in clinical practice, including 1) low prevalence in CAD patients, 2) lack of specific definition, 3) poor reproducibility in artificial recognition. Thus, the investigators designed a multi-center, cross-sectional study to explore the association between facial characteristics and CAD and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of appearance factors for CAD. The investigators will recruit patients undergoing coronary angiography or coronary computer tomography angiography. Patients' baseline information and facial images will be collected. First, the investigators will explore the facial factors associated with CAD by using artificial intelligence technology to compare facial photographs between patients with CAD and without CAD. Secondary, the investigators will evaluate the dose-response relationship between facial characteristics and CAD. Third, the investigators will establish a CAD risk model based on facial factors, and evaluate the diagnostic effect of the model.

Official Title
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Artificial Intelligence to Assess the Association Between Facial Characteristics and Coronary Artery Diseases

Conditions
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Coronary Artery Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: No intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Undergoing coronary angiography or coronary computer tomography angiography Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) Prior coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) Screening coronary artery disease before treating other heart diseases Without blood biochemistry outcome With artificially facial alteration (i.e. cosmetic surgery, facial trauma or make-up) Other situations which make patients fail to be photographed

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Model establishment and test group<br>Patients undergoing coronary angiography or coronary computer tomography angiography will be enrolled. Patients data will be used to establish the facial based diagnostic model of coronary artery diseases, and to prospectively validate the diagnostic effectiveness of the model. | Other: No intervention<br>* No intervention<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sensitivity of diagnostic model | The sensitivity of coronary artery diagnostic model assessed in model test group | at the end of enrollment (6 months) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Specificity of diagnostic model | The specificity of coronary artery diagnostic model assessed in model test group | at the end of enrollment (6 months) | 
| Specificity of diagnostic model | Area under receiver operating curve (AUC) of diagnostic model assessed in model test group | at the end of enrollment (6 months) | 
| Positive predictive value (PPV) | PPV of diagnostic model assessed in model test group | at the end of enrollment (6 months) | 
| Negative predictive value (NPV) | NPV of diagnostic model assessed in model test group | at the end of enrollment (6 months) | 
| Diagnostic accuracy rate | Diagnostic accuracy rate of diagnostic model assessed in model test group | at the end of enrollment (6 months) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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artificial intelligence, facial characteristics