Effect of Intrathecal Naloxone in the Incidence of Pruritis After C.S

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This randomized prospective double-blind trial will be conducted on 80 Full-term pregnant females aged 21- 30 years presented for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia where they will be randomly allocated into two equal groups:- Group F (40 Patients): Patients in this group will receive spinal anesthesia with 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) plus 25 ug of fentanyl (0.5 ml). Group FN (40 patients): Patients in this group will receive spinal anesthesia with 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) plus 25 ug of fentanyl (0.5 ml) plus 20 ug naloxone. The study aim is to evaluate the effect of adding an ultra-low dose of naloxone (20 ug) to hyperbaric bupivacaine (10 mg0 and fentanyl (25 ug) in spinal anesthesia for C.S. Primary outcome: The incidence of pruritis Secondary outcome: The onset, the duration, the site, and the severity of pruritis.

Detailed Description
-----------------
This prospective randomized double-blind study will be carried out on 80 female patients who will be presented for elective C.S in the Obstetric department in Tanta university hospitals. Full-term pregnant female aged 21- 30 years presented for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia will be included in the study. The patients will be randomly allocated into two groups by the aid of computer-generated software of randomization. All the local anesthetic mixtures will be prepared under complete aseptic precautions by an anesthesia resident who will not participate in the study and will be blinded to its groups in to: - Group F (40 Patients): Patients in this group will receive spinal anesthesia with 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) plus 25 ug of fentanyl (0.5 ml). Group FN (40 patients): Patients in this group will receive spinal anesthesia with 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) plus 25 ug of fentanyl (0.5 ml) plus 20 ugs naloxone. Once the patient will be admitted to the operating theatre, all monitors will be applied with introduction of 18-gauge peripheral venous cannula and starting fluid preload in the form of lactated ringer solution 7 ml/kg over 30 minutes. While the patient in a sitting position and under complete aseptic precautions, patients will receive spinal block at lumbar 3-4 or 4-5 intervertebral space with an injection of the pre-prepared local anesthetic mixture according to the group of patient. After giving anesthesia and positioning for surgery with a left lateral tilt of 15 degrees, supplemental oxygen at a rate of 4 liters/minute will be applied.

Official Title
-----------------
The Effect of Adding Ultra-low Dose of Naloxone to Fentanyl on the Incidence of Pruritis After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: Prospective Randomized Double-blind Study ÏÑÇÓÉ

Conditions
-----------------
Pruritis

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Drug: Fentanyl
* Drug: Naloxone


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Full-term pregnant female aged 21- 30 years presented for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with pregnancy less than 36 weeks or more than 40 weeks Patients with hypertension, pre-eclampsia, or eclampsia. Patients with diabetes Patients with cardiovascular disease and /or arrhythmia. Patients with placenta previa, accreta, percreta. Obese patients with BMI >36 Kg/m2 Patients with height less than 160 Cm Multigravida Polyhydramnious patients

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 21 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group F<br>Patients in this group will receive spinal anesthesia with 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) plus 25 ugs of fentanyl (0.5 ml). | Drug: Fentanyl<br>* Spinal anesthesia will be performed with injection of 2.5 ml which will be composed of 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) and 25 ugs fentanyl (0.5 ml)<br>* Other names: Intrathecal Fentanyl alone;|
| Experimental: Group FN<br>Patients in this group will receive spinal anesthesia with 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) plus 25 ugs of fentanyl (0.5 ml) plus 20 ugs naloxone. | Drug: Fentanyl<br>* Spinal anesthesia will be performed with injection of 2.5 ml which will be composed of 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) and 25 ugs fentanyl (0.5 ml)<br>* Other names: Intrathecal Fentanyl alone;Drug: Naloxone<br>* Spinal anesthesia will be performed with injection of 2.5 ml which will be composed of 10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (2 ml) and fentanyl 25 ug combined with 20 ugs naloxone in 0.5 ml<br>* Other names: Intrathecal fentanyl and naloxone;|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The incidence of pruritis | The percent of patients who will complain from pruritis in the first 24 hours after surgery | The first 24 hours postoperatively | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The onset of pruritis | The time interval in minutes from the intrathecal injection to the first incidence of pruritis | through study completion, average 4 months | 
| The duration of pruritis | the time interval from the first incidence to the last incidence of pruritis | through study completion, average 4 months | 
| The Severity of pruritis | pruritis VAS score (PVAS is a 10cm long line and a single question, it is most commonly used in clinical trials for measuring itch intensity and features high reliability and concurrent validity. The left end point represents gno itch h and the right end point the gworst imaginable itch). It can be interpreted as follows: VAS 0= No pruritus, VAS < 3 = Mild pruritus, VAS 3-6 = Moderate pruritus, VAS 7-8 = Severe pruritus, VAS . 9=Very severe pruritus. | through study completion, average 4 months | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Pruritis, Naloxone, Spinal anesthesia, Fentanyl, Cesarean section