Intra-surgical Evaluation of CATS Tonometer Prism and Abbott Medical Optics Versus Alcon Phacoemulsification Machines

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study will measure the dynamic real-time intraocular pressure (IOP) in the anterior chamber during standard phacoemulsification surgery. What is known: Fluidics control is determined to be one of the primary drivers of physician decision making in choosing phacoemulsification equipment. Active pressure system fluidic control has a perceived and possibly real (based upon recent literature) improvement in intra-cameral IOP stability and reduced pressure fluctuations. Improved fluidics can allow for reduced dynamic IOP fluctuations, in-the-bag positioned phaco tip, and intra-cameral fluid flow all of which will likely improve corneal health post-operatively.

Official Title
-----------------
Intra-surgical Evaluation of CATS Tonometer Prism and AMO Versus Alcon Phacoemulsification Machines

Conditions
-----------------
Cataract Surgery

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Device: Alcon phacoemulsification equipment
* Device: AMO phacoemulsification equipment


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: • Age 18 or greater Bilateral cataracts for which phacoemulsification extraction and posterior IOL implantation has been planned for both eyes Subjects able to give informed consent Nuclear Sclerotic cataract graded 2+ or 3+ Naturally dilated pupil size (in dim light) > 4.0 mm (with no dilation medications) for both eyes Preoperative corneal astigmatism of 2.5 D or less Ages between 55 and 80 Availability, willingness, and sufficient cognitive awareness to comply with examination procedures Exclusion Criteria: • Uncontrolled systemic disease that in the opinion of the Investigator would put the subject's heath at risk Intraoperative complications Subjects with only one functional eye Those with one eye having poor or eccentric fixation Mild or severe cataracts, predominantly posterior subcapsular cataracts High corneal astigmatism (i.e. those eyes displaying an oval contact image) Those with corneal scarring or who have had corneal surgery including corneal laser surgery Microphthalmos Buphthalmos Severe Dry eyes Blepharospasm Nystagmus Keratoconus Any other corneal or conjunctival pathology or infection. Central corneal thickness greater than 0,600 mm or less than 0,500 mm (2 standard deviations about the human mean) Acute or chronic disease or illness that would increase risk or confound study results (e.g. diabetes mellitus, immunocompromised, etc.) Uncontrolled systemic or ocular disease History of ocular trauma or prior ocular surgery Fuchs Dystrophy Subjects who may be expected to require retinal laser treatment or other surgical intervention, including LRI's Capsule or zonular abnormalities that may affect postoperative centration or tilt of the lens (e.g. pseudoexfoliation syndrome) Pupil abnormalities (non-reactive, tonic pupils, abnormally shaped pupils, or pupils that do not dilate at least 4.0 mm under mesopic/scotopic conditions) Contact lens usage within 6 months for PMMA contacts lenses, 1 month for gas permeable lenses or 1 week for extended-wear and daily-wear soft contact lens

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Alcon phacoemulsification equipment<br>cataract surgery performed with the Alcon phacoemulsification equipment | Device: Alcon phacoemulsification equipment<br>* cataract surgery with Alcon phacoemulsification equipment.<br>|
| Active Comparator: AMO phacoemulsification equipment<br>cataract surgery with the AMO phacoemulsification equipment | Device: AMO phacoemulsification equipment<br>* cataract surgery with AMO phacoemulsification equipment.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of Eyes With Stable IOP | Determine comparative IOP stability between Abbott and Alcon phacoemulsification equipment. | intraoperative |