More Individualized Care: Assessment and Recovery Through Engagement

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The MI-CARE trial tests 12 months of telephone-based nurse care management for patients with depressive symptoms who take or have taken opioids at some time. The study tests whether offering nurse support to the patient and their primary care team that addresses these things and related issues can improve patients' health and well-being. Eligible subjects are identified automatically using health system data and randomly assigned 50:50 to either a no-contact usual care arm or to the arm offered the MI-CARE program.

Official Title
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Patient-centered Team-based Primary Care to Treat Opioid Use Disorder, Depression, and Other Conditions

Conditions
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Depression, Anxiety, Opioid-Related Disorders, Pain, Chronic

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: More Individualized Care: Assessment and Recovery through Engagement (MI-CARE)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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INCLUSION CRITERIA Eligible patients must meet all 4 criteria: ≥1 in person or virtual encounter in a primary care setting in the 365 days prior to the data extraction date (pull date); Age ≥18 years at the pull date; ≥1 PHQ-9 depression screening score of ≥10 within the 7 days prior to the pull date. Evidence of potential OUD in the 365 days prior to and including the date of the qualifying PHQ-9 score. Any 1 of the following qualifies as evidence of potential OUD: ≥1 active OUD ICD-10 diagnosis code in any setting except labs; ≥1 prescription (orders or dispensed) for buprenorphine (oral formulations indicated for OUD, extended release injectable, and implant); ≥1 procedure code for buprenorphine (oral formulations indicated for OUD, extended release injectable, and implant); ≥1 ICD-10 codes for opioid overdose; ≥1 OUD ICD-10 code, including remission, and prescription (orders or dispensed) or procedure code for injectable naltrexone. EXCLUSION CRITERIA Patients are ineligible who meet any of the criteria below: The only indication of OUD or only PHQ available to determine eligibility came from data protected under 42 CFR Part 2; The patient has already been randomized to the trial or was outreached in the pilot study (including outreach to the primary care provider only); English interpreter required (per health system records). Any one of the following conditions in the 2 years prior to and including the date of the qualifying PHQ: Alzheimer's disease or dementia diagnosis. Medication to treat Alzheimer's or dementia. (b) Severe cognitive limitations. Current active treatment for cancer with chemotherapy or radiation therapy in the past 3 months (not including non-melanoma skin cancers). Previously requested to not participate in research studies at the health system; Documentation of hospice care in the 2 years prior to and including the date of the qualifying PHQ score; Patient is actively being outreached for (or is participating in) depression care management (Kaiser Permanente Washington only)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: MI-CARE program<br>Those automatically identified as eligible and randomized to the MI-CARE arm are outreached by a study nurse care manager and offered the 12-month long virtual Collaborative Care program by telephone or video visits. Individuals are free to accept or decline the offer (e.g., stop/restart, not accept right away) during the 12 months after their randomization date. | Behavioral: More Individualized Care: Assessment and Recovery through Engagement (MI-CARE)<br>* This study evaluates whether offering nurse collaborative care management for 12 months by telephone or video can improve depression-related symptoms, increase access to evidence-based medication treatment for opioid use problems, as well as decreasing adverse health events. Participants randomized to the nurse support arm can work with the nurse at no cost for up to 12 months via phone or video visits. The nurse asks questions about stress, mood, worry, pain, sleep, and medication and substance use; participants choose what to focus on. The nurse meets weekly with clinical consultants who may recommend treatment options, tailored to the patient. The participant and their regular provider(s) can discuss the options and decide which to try. The nurse and primary care provider can then help the patient access selected options. The nurse can also offer behavioral activation to help build skills to increase day-to-day positive adaptive experiences and support broader treatment gains.<br>|
| No Intervention: Usual care<br>Those identified as eligible and randomized to the usual care arm have no contact with the study. All outcome data for both study arms are collected from secondary, electronic sources. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Days of buprenorphine medication treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) | A continuous measure of days of OUD treatment with buprenorphine in the 365 days after randomization from secondary electronic data sources. | days 1-365 after randomization | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in depressive symptoms | Change in depressive symptoms from the study qualifying Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) score to follow-up PHQ score documented as part of routine clinical care 3-13. months later from secondary electronic data sources. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) has a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 27. the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ2) has a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 6. An increasing PHQ score indicates an increase in depressive symptoms. | 3-13 months after randomization | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Primary health care, Primary care, Primary care nursing, Evidence-based care, Depressive symptoms, Anxiety disorders and symptoms, Mental Health, Mental Health disorder, Opioid use, Opioid misuse, Opioid use disorder, Opioid dependence, Buprenorphine, Substance use disorders, Overdose, Overdose of opiate, Opioid overdose, Motivational Interviewing, Brief psychotherapy