Exercise, Oxidative Stress and HIV

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to compare oxidative stress markers and the immunologic characteristics of HIV-infected and non-HIV subjects during a bout of moderate aerobic exercise followed by resistance exercises

Official Title
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A Case-control Study to Test the Effects of a Bout of Aerobic Exercise Followed by Resistance Training on Antioxidant System in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected and Non-HIV Subjects

Conditions
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HIV Infections

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: HIV Group:without contraindications for exercise training; to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for at least 6 months before enrollment; be classified as low level of physical activity by international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and did not use antioxidant supplements. Control Group:negative result for HIV-1 test and the other criteria described above Exclusion Criteria: Subjects with previous history of cardiovascular and neurological disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, tobacco using, physical disability and pregnant women were excluded from the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| HIV Group<br>HIV infected persons | |
| Control Group<br>Non HIV-infected persons | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Total Glutathione | The total glutathione content in erythrocyte concentrate at three moments: baseline, aerobic and resistance exercise. | 3 times - baseline (before the peak oxygen uptake test), aerobic (immediately after aerobic exercise) and resistance (immediately after resistance exercise). | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Catalase Activity | Antioxidant activity of the catalase enzyme at three moments: baseline, aerobic and exercise. | 3 times - baseline (before the peak oxygen uptake test), aerobic (immediately after aerobic exercise) and resistance (immediately after resistance exercise). | 
| Glutathione S-transferase (GST) | Antioxidant activity of the Glutathione S-transferase enzyme at three moments: baseline, aerobic and resistance exercise. | 3 times - baseline (before the peak oxygen uptake test), aerobic (immediately after aerobic exercise) and resistance (immediately after resistance exercise). | 
| Lipid Peroxidation | Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay was used as an index of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes, at three moments: baseline, aerobic and resistance exercise. | 3 times - baseline (before the peak oxygen uptake test), aerobic (immediately after aerobic exercise) and resistance (immediately after resistance exercise). | 
| T CD4 | T CD4 lymphocytes counts at three moments: baseline, aerobic and resistance exercise. | 3 times - baseline (before the peak oxygen uptake test), aerobic (immediately after aerobic exercise) and resistance (immediately after resistance exercise). | 
| Neutrophil Count | Neutrophil count at three moments: baseline, aerobic and resistance exercise. | 3 times - baseline (before the peak oxygen uptake test), aerobic (immediately after aerobic exercise) and resistance (immediately after resistance exercise). | 
| Peak Oxygen Uptake | Is the maximum capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise. | 1 time, before the exercise protocol |