Structural and Metabolic Determinants of Sarcopenia and the Efficacy of Concentric vs. Eccentric Exercise Training

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The first goal of this study is the follow young and older people over a period of 8 weeks to define the processes responsible for loss of muscle length and width in age-related muscle wasting (sarcopenia) and allow us to look at age-related differences in tendon. Secondly, we will assess two different exercise interventions for reversing human sarcopenia; one which involves shortening of the muscle and the other which involves lengthening, whilst also studying why these exercises work the way they do. This project will have significant implications for our understanding of the control of skeletal muscle and tendon size in humans, particularly in relation to sarcopenia and the surrounding health issues.

Official Title
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Structural and Metabolic Determinants of Sarcopenia and the Efficacy of Concentric vs. Eccentric Exercise Training: a Novel Temporospatial Approach

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Concentric Exercise Training
* Behavioral: Eccentric Exercise Training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy male volunteers Body mass index 18-30 kg/m2 Aged 18-35 and 65-75 years Exclusion Criteria: Participation in a formal exercise regime, A BMI < 18 or > 30 kg/m2, Active cardiovascular disease, Taking beta-adrenergic blocking agents, statins or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Cerebrovascular disease, Respiratory disease, Metabolic disease, Active inflammatory bowel or renal disease, Malignancy, Recent steroid treatment (within 6 months) or hormone replacement therapy, Clotting dysfunction, Musculoskeletal or neurological disorders, Family history of early (<55y) death from cardiovascular disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Old Control<br>Older individuals (65-75 y) with no exercise intervention | |
| Experimental: Old Concentric<br>Older individuals (65-75 y) studied before and after 8 weeks concentric exercise training | Behavioral: Concentric Exercise Training<br>* 8 weeks concentric exercise training, 3 x per week, 60% 1-RM; 4 x 12-15 repetitions, 2 min rest between sets<br>|
| Experimental: Old Eccentric<br>Older individuals (65-75 y) studied before and after 8 weeks eccentric exercise training | Behavioral: Eccentric Exercise Training<br>* 8 weeks eccentric exercise training, 3 x per week, 60% 1-RM; 4 x 12-15 repetitions, 2 min rest between sets<br>|
| No Intervention: Young Control<br>Young individuals (18-30 y) with no exercise intervention | |
| Experimental: Young Concentric<br>Young individuals (18-30 y) studied before and after 8 weeks concentric exercise training | Behavioral: Concentric Exercise Training<br>* 8 weeks concentric exercise training, 3 x per week, 60% 1-RM; 4 x 12-15 repetitions, 2 min rest between sets<br>|
| Experimental: Young Eccentric<br>Young individuals (18-30 y) studied before and after 8 weeks eccentric exercise training | Behavioral: Eccentric Exercise Training<br>* 8 weeks eccentric exercise training, 3 x per week, 60% 1-RM; 4 x 12-15 repetitions, 2 min rest between sets<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Muscle protein synthesis | Comparison of muscle protein synthesis using D2O in young and older individuals and in response to 8 weeks concentric or eccentric exercise training | 0 - 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tendon protein synthesis | Comparison of tendon protein synthesis in young and older individuals and in response to 8 weeks concentric or eccentric exercise training | 0 - 8 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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volunteers, young (18-30 y), older (65-75 y), age groups