Immune and Scfa Profile of Stunting Children

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Type and Research Design A cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach will be conducted. Cross-sectional research design is one-time research to find a relationship between the independent variable (risk factor) and the dependent variable (effect). Time and Location of Research The research will be conducted for approximately six months in 2020 at Banten Regency (namely Tegal Ongok and Pasirkarang) and Sumedang Regency. Population and Research Sample The population is children between three and five years old in the village of stunting locus. The sampling method to be used in this research was quota sampling, namely 50 stunting and 50 healthy children from each Regency.

Detailed Description
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The variables studied will be the nutritional status of children between three and five years old, the characteristics of these children (age, sex, LBW, birth length, history of immunization, history of diarrhea, history of upper respiratory tract infection, food intake), mother and family characteristics (mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation, father's occupation), home environment (aspects of the components of the house, aspects of sanitation facilities, aspects of occupant behavior), the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Data will be obtained through measurements, interviews using a questionnaire, and direct observation using a checklist. Stunting anthropometric measurements are measured based on parameters of length/height according to age compared to the WHO anthropometric standards 2005 and the Indonesian Minister of Health Decree No. 1995 / MENKES / SK / XII / 2010. The nutritional status of each child included in this study will be quantified using the WHO recommended three nutritional Z-scores namely, height for age (referred to in this study as Zscore weight for age (referred as Z-score and weight for height (referred as Z-score .A structured questionnaire was used for face-to-face interviews with the respective child mother to collect sociodemographic information. In addition, age and anthropometric measurements (height, weight) based on the Department of Health Ministry of Indonesia The regulation will be recorded. For stunting, the thresholds for height-for-age are: 'severely stunted' (<-3 SD); 'stunted' (-3 SD to < -2 SD); 'normal' (-2 SD to +3 SD); 'tall' (> +3 SD). Furthermore, in order to obtain an overall measure of the nutritional status of these children, the children will be classified into weight-for-height categories: 'severely wasted' (<-3 SD); 'wasted' (-3 SD to < -2 SD); 'normal' (-2 SD to +1 SD); 'possible risk of overweight' (+1 SD to +2 SD); 'overweight' (> +2 SD to +3 SD); 'obese' (> +3 SD)

Official Title
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Differences in Immune Status and Fecal SCFA Between Indonesian Stunted Children and Children With Normal Nutritional Status

Conditions
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Immune Deficiency, Stunting, Fatty Acid

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: No Intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children age : 3 - 5 years old (36-60 months) Live in the research area Apparently healthy children, after examination by a physician Involved in a research study (informed consent signed by parent or guardian) Exclusion Criteria: Children age < 36 month and > 60 month Live outside research area Unhealthy, after examination by a physician

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Stunted subject<br>Children with stunted status condition based on Z score criteria | Other: No Intervention<br>* no Intervention<br>|
| Normal subject<br>Children with normal status condition based on Z score criteria | Other: No Intervention<br>* no Intervention<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| TGF beta | Unit : pg/mL from serum | 1 week analysis | 
| sIgA | Unit : ul/ml from feses extract | 1 week analysis | 
| IL -10 | unit pg/ml from serum | 1 week analysis | 
| TNF alfa | unit pg/mL from serum | 1 week analysis | 
| LBP | Unit ul/ml from serum | 1 week analysis | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Short Chain Fatty Acid | Acetate, Propionate, Butyrate, Isobutyric, Isopropionic , unit mM | 1 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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immune status, stunting, Normal Nutritional Status, Indonesian Children, Gut Microbiota, SCFA