The PLATINUM Clinical Trial to Assess the PROMUS Element Stent System for Treatment of De Novo Coronary Artery Lesions in Small Vessels

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the PROMUS Element™ Everolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System for the treatment of patients with up to 2 de novo atherosclerotic coronary artery lesions. The lesions can be located in vessels that are smaller than average-sized.

Detailed Description
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The wide-spread use of drug-eluting stents (DES) has evolved as standard of care in de novo lesions. The proposed study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of PROMUS Element for the treatment of de novo atherosclerotic lesions in native coronary arteries. The study design is consistent with the draft guidance for industry titled, Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents - Nonclinical and Clinical Studies (March 2008). During the trial, thienopyridines must be administered according to the 2007 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) guidelines, which recommended that clopidogrel (75 mg daily) or ticlopidine (250 mg twice daily) be prescribed after stent implantation for at least 6 months in all patients, and for at least 12 months in patients who are not at high risk of bleeding. For sites in the United States, the use of prasugrel is not allowed as part of the PLATINUM Clinical Trial. For sites in other countries, prasugrel may be prescribed according to its approved dosing in countries in which it is available. For patients taking aspirin daily a loading dose is recommended; for patients who have not been taking aspirin daily, aspirin must be administered as a loading dose. Patients continue to take aspirin indefinitely to reduce the risk of thrombosis. This PLATINUM Small Vessel study is a sub-trial associated with the PLATINUM Workhorse Randomized Controlled Trial, which is registered under NCT00823212.

Official Title
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PLATINUM: A Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Trial to Assess an Everolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System (PROMUS Element™) for the Treatment of up to Two De Novo Coronary Artery Lesions - Small Vessel Sub-trial

Conditions
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Coronary Artery Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: PROMUS Element Coronary Stent System


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patient must be at least 18 years of age Patient (or legal guardian) understands study requirements and treatment procedures and provides written informed consent before any study-specific tests or procedures are performed For patients less than 20 years of age enrolled at a Japanese site, patient and patient's legal representative must provide written informed consent before any study-specific tests or procedures are performed Patient is eligible for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) Patient has documented stable angina pectoris or documented silent ischemia; or unstable angina pectoris Patient is an acceptable candidate for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) Patient has a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >=30% as measured within 30 days prior to enrollment Patient is willing to comply with all protocol-required follow-up evaluations Angiographic Inclusion Criteria (visual estimate): - Target lesion must be a de novo lesion located in a native coronary artery with a visually estimated reference vessel diameter ≥2.25 mm and <2.5 mm. Target lesion length must measure ≤28 mm by visual estimate. Target lesion must be located in a major coronary artery or branch with visually estimated stenosis ≥50% and <100% with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow >1. Exclusion Criteria: Patient has clinical symptoms and/or electrocardiogram (ECG) changes consistent with acute myocardial infarction (MI) Patient has had a known diagnosis of recent MI (ie, within 72 hours prior to index procedure) and has elevated enzymes at time of index procedure as follows. Patients are excluded if any of the following criteria are met at time of the index procedure. If creatine kinase-myoglobin band (CK-MB) >2× upper limit of normal (ULN), the patient is excluded regardless of CK Total. If CK-MB is 1-2× ULN, the patient is excluded if the CK Total is >2× ULN. If CK Total/CK MB are not used and Troponin is, patients are excluded if the following criterion is met at time of index procedure. Troponin >1× ULN with at least one of the following. Patient has ischemic symptoms and ECG changes indicative of ongoing ischemia (eg, >1 mm ST segment elevation or depression in consecutive leads or new left bundle branch block [LBBB]); Development of pathological Q waves in the ECG; or Imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality. Note: For patients with unstable angina or patients who have had a recent MI, CK Total/CK MB (or Troponin if CK Total/CK MB are not used) must be documented prior to enrolling/randomizing the patient. Patient has received an organ transplant or is on a waiting list for an organ transplant Patient is receiving or scheduled to receive chemotherapy within 30 days before or after index procedure Patient is receiving oral or intravenous immunosuppressive therapy (ie, inhaled steroids are not excluded) or has known life-limiting immunosuppressive or autoimmune disease (eg, human immunodeficiency virus, systemic lupus erythematosus, but not including diabetes mellitus) Patient is receiving chronic (>=72 hours) anticoagulation therapy (eg, heparin, coumadin) for indications other than acute coronary syndrome Patient has platelet count <100,000 cells/mm3 or >700,000 cells/mm3 Patient has white blood cell (WBC) count <3,000 cells/mm3 Patient has documented or suspected liver disease, including laboratory evidence of hepatitis Patient is on dialysis or has known renal insufficiency (ie, estimated creatinine clearance <50 ml/min by the Cockcroft Gault formula, or [(140-age)*lean body weight (in kg)]/[plasma creatinine (mg/dl)*72]) Patient has history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy or will refuse blood transfusions Patient has had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) within past 6 months, or has any permanent neurologic defect that may cause non-compliance with the protocol Target vessel(s) or side branch has been treated with any type of PCI (eg, balloon angioplasty, stent, cutting balloon, atherectomy) within 12 months prior to index procedure Target vessel(s) has been treated within 10 mm proximal or distal to target lesion (by visual estimate) with any type of PCI (eg, balloon angioplasty, stent, cutting balloon, atherectomy) at any time prior to index procedure Non-target vessel or side branch has been treated with any type of PCI (eg, balloon angioplasty, stent, cutting balloon, atherectomy) within 24 hours prior to index procedure Planned or actual target vessel(s) treatment with an unapproved device, directional or rotational coronary atherectomy, laser, cutting balloon, or transluminal extraction catheter immediately prior to stent placement Planned PCI or CABG after index procedure Patient previously treated at any time with coronary intravascular brachytherapy Patient has a known allergy to the study stent system or protocol-required concomitant medications (eg, stainless steel, platinum, cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, acrylic, fluoropolymers, everolimus, thienopyridines, aspirin, contrast) that cannot be adequately premedicated Patient has active peptic ulcer or active gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding Patient has one of the following. Other serious medical illness (eg, cancer, congestive heart failure) that may reduce life expectancy to less than 24 months Current problems with substance abuse (eg, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, etc.) Planned procedure that may cause non-compliance with protocol or confound data interpretation Patient is participating in another investigational drug or device clinical trial that has not reached its primary endpoint Patient intends to participate in another investigational drug or device clinical trial within 12 months after index procedure Patient with known intention to procreate within 12 months after index procedure (Women of child-bearing potential who are sexually active must agree to use a reliable method of contraception from the time of screening through 12 months after the index procedure.) Patient is a woman who is pregnant or nursing (A pregnancy test must be performed within 7 days prior to the index procedure in women of child-bearing potential) Patient has more than 2 target lesions, or more than 1 target lesion and 1 non-target lesion, which will be treated during the index procedure

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: PROMUS Element<br>Patients enrolled in the study to receive treatment with the PROMUS Element everolimus-eluting stent | Device: PROMUS Element Coronary Stent System<br>* PROMUS Element is a device/drug combination product composed of two components, a device (coronary stent system including a platinum chromium stent platform) and a drug product (a formulation of everolimus contained in a polymer coating)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Target Lesion Failure (TLF) | Defined as any ischemia-driven revascularization of the target lesion, myocardial infarction (Q-wave and non-Q-wave) related to the target vessel, or cardiac death related to the target vessel. The primary analysis set for the non-inferiority testing of the primary endpoint is the per-protocol analysis set. All randomized participants who received their assigned treatment are included in the per-protocol analysis set. | 12 Months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Target Lesion Failure (TLF) | Defined as any ischemia-driven revascularization of the target lesion, myocardial infarction (Q-wave and non-Q-wave) related to the target vessel, or cardiac death related to the target vessel. | 6 Months | 
| Target Lesion Failure (TLF) | Defined as any ischemia-driven revascularization of the target lesion, myocardial infarction (Q-wave and non-Q-wave) related to the target vessel, or cardiac death related to the target vessel. | 30 Days | 
| Target Vessel Failure (TVF) | Target vessel failure (TVF) is defined as any ischemia-driven revascularization of the target vessel, myocardial infarction (MI;Q-wave and non-Q-wave) related to the target vessel or death related to the target vessel. For the purposes of this protocol, if it cannot be determined with certainty whether the MI or death was related to the target vessel, it will be considered a TVF. | 12 Months | 
| Target Vessel Failure (TVF) | Target vessel failure (TVF) is defined as any ischemia-driven revascularization of the target vessel, myocardial infarction (MI;Q-wave and non-Q-wave) related to the target vessel or death related to the target vessel. For the purposes of this protocol, if it cannot be determined with certainty whether the MI or death was related to the target vessel, it will be considered a TVF. | 6 Months | 
| Target Vessel Failure (TVF) | Target vessel failure (TVF) is defined as any ischemia-driven revascularization of the target vessel, myocardial infarction (MI;Q-wave and non-Q-wave) related to the target vessel or death related to the target vessel. For the purposes of this protocol, if it cannot be determined with certainty whether the MI or death was related to the target vessel, it will be considered a TVF. | 30 Days | 
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) Related to the Target Vessel | New Q-waves in ≥2 leads lasting ≥0.04 sec with creatine kinase myoglobin band(CK-MB) or troponin >upper limit of normal(ULN); if no new Q-waves total CK levels >3×ULN (peri-percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) or >2×ULN (spontaneous) with elevated CK-MB or troponin >3×ULN (peri-PCI) or >2×ULN (spontaneous) plus ≥one of the following: ECG changes indicating new ischemia (new ST-T changes, left bundle branch block), imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium, new regional wall motion abnormality. Similar for MI diagnosis post coronary artery bypass graft with CK-MB or troponin >5×ULN | 12 Months | 
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) Related to the Target Vessel | New Q-waves in ≥2 leads lasting ≥0.04 sec with creatine kinase myoglobin band(CK-MB) or troponin >upper limit of normal(ULN); if no new Q-waves total CK levels >3×ULN (peri-percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) or >2×ULN (spontaneous) with elevated CK-MB or troponin >3×ULN (peri-PCI) or >2×ULN (spontaneous) plus ≥one of the following: ECG changes indicating new ischemia (new ST-T changes, left bundle branch block), imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium, new regional wall motion abnormality. Similar for MI diagnosis post coronary artery bypass graft with CK-MB or troponin >5×ULN | 6 months | 
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) Related to the Target Vessel | New Q-waves in ≥2 leads lasting ≥0.04 sec with creatine kinase myoglobin band(CK-MB) or troponin >upper limit of normal(ULN); if no new Q-waves total CK levels >3×ULN (peri-percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) or >2×ULN (spontaneous) with elevated CK-MB or troponin >3×ULN (peri-PCI) or >2×ULN (spontaneous) plus ≥one of the following: ECG changes indicating new ischemia (new ST-T changes, left bundle branch block), imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium, new regional wall motion abnormality. Similar for MI diagnosis post coronary artery bypass graft with CK-MB or troponin >5×ULN | 30 days | 
| All Cause Mortality |  | 12 months | 
| All Cause Mortality |  | 6 months | 
| All Cause Mortality |  | 30 days | 
| Cardiac Death Related to the Target Vessel | Defined as death due to any of the following: acute myocardial infarction (MI); cardiac perforation/pericardial tamponade; arrhythmia or conduction abnormality; cerebrovascular accident (CVA) through hospital discharge or CVA suspected of being related to the procedure; complication of the procedure including bleeding, vascular repair, transfusion reaction, or bypass surgery or any death in which a cardiac cause cannot be excluded; see definition of MI above. | 12 months | 
| Cardiac Death Related to the Target Vessel | Cardiac death is defined as death due to any of the following: acute myocardial infarction (MI); cardiac perforation/pericardial tamponade; arrhythmia or conduction abnormality; cerebrovascular accident (CVA) through hospital discharge or CVA suspected of being related to the procedure; complication of the procedure including bleeding, vascular repair, transfusion reaction, or bypass surgery or any death in which a cardiac cause cannot be excluded; see definition of MI above | 6 months | 
| Cardiac Death Related to the Target Vessel | Cardiac death is defined as death due to any of the following: acute myocardial infarction (MI); cardiac perforation/pericardial tamponade; arrhythmia or conduction abnormality; cerebrovascular accident (CVA) through hospital discharge or CVA suspected of being related to the procedure; complication of the procedure including bleeding, vascular repair, transfusion reaction, or bypass surgery or any death in which a cardiac cause cannot be excluded; see definition of MI above | 30 days | 
| Target Lesion Revascularization (TLR) | Defined as any ischemia-driven repeat percutaneous intervention to improve blood flow of the successfully treated target lesion or bypass surgery of the target vessel with a graft distally to the successfully treated target lesion. | 12 months | 
| Target Lesion Revascularization (TLR) | Defined as any ischemia-driven repeat percutaneous intervention to improve blood flow of the successfully treated target lesion or bypass surgery of the target vessel with a graft distally to the successfully treated target lesion. | 6 months | 
| Target Lesion Revascularization TLR) | Defined as any ischemia-driven repeat percutaneous intervention to improve blood flow of the successfully treated target lesion or bypass surgery of the target vessel with a graft distally to the successfully treated target lesion. | 30 days | 
| Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) | Defined as any ischemia-driven repeat percutaneous intervention to improve blood flow, or bypass surgery of not previously existing lesions with diameter stenosis ≥50% by quantitative coronary angiography in the target vessel, including the target lesion. | 12 months | 
| Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) | Defined as any ischemia-driven repeat percutaneous intervention to improve blood flow, or bypass surgery of not previously existing lesions with diameter stenosis ≥50% by quantitative coronary angiography in the target vessel, including the target lesion. | 6 months | 
| Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) | Any ischemia-driven repeat percutaneous intervention to improve blood flow, or bypass surgery of not previously existing lesions with diameter stenosis ≥50% by quantitative coronary angiography in the target vessel, including the target lesion. | 30 days | 
| Definite + Probable Stent Thrombosis (ST) Rate Based on Academic Research Consortium (ARC)Definition | DEFINITE ST: acute coronary syndrome and angiographic or pathologic evidence of stent thrombosis; PROBABLE ST: unexplained death within 30 days or target-vessel infarction without angiographic information ARC ST is reported as a cumulative value at different time points and within the different separate time points. Time 0 is the time point after the guide catheter has been removed. Acute ST: 0-24 hours after stent implantation; Subacute ST: >24 hours to 30 days post; late ST: >30 days to 1 year post; Very late ST: >1 year post; NOTE: Acute/subacute can be replaced by early ST (0-30 days) | 24 hours | 
| Definite + Probable Stent Thrombosis (ST) Rate Based on Academic Research Consortium (ARC) Definition | DEFINITE ST: acute coronary syndrome and angiographic or pathologic evidence of stent thrombosis; PROBABLE ST: unexplained death within 30 days or target-vessel infarction without angiographic information ARC ST is reported as a cumulative value at different time points and within the different separate time points. Time 0 is the time point after the guide catheter has been removed. Acute ST: 0-24 hours after stent implantation; Subacute ST: >24 hours to 30 days post; late ST: >30 days to 1 year post; Very late ST: >1 year post; NOTE: Acute/subacute can be replaced by early ST (0-30 days) | >24 hr-30 days | 
| Definite + Probable Stent Thrombosis (ST) Rate Based on Academic Research Consortium (ARC) Definition | DEFINITE ST: acute coronary syndrome and angiographic or pathologic evidence of stent thrombosis; PROBABLE ST: unexplained death within 30 days or target-vessel infarction without angiographic information ARC ST is reported as a cumulative value at different time points and within the different separate time points. Time 0 is the time point after the guide catheter has been removed. Acute ST: 0-24 hours after stent implantation; Subacute ST: >24 hours to 30 days post; late ST: >30 days to 1 year post; Very late ST: >1 year post; NOTE: Acute/subacute can be replaced by early ST (0-30 days) | >30 days-1 year | 
| Acute Technical Success | Defined as successful delivery and deployment of the study stent to the target vessel, without balloon rupture or stent embolization; expressed per stent | During the index procedure (minutes) | 
| Clinical Procedural Success | Defined as mean lesion diameter stenosis <30% with visually assessed TIMI 3 flow and without the occurrence of in-hospital MI, TVR, or cardiac death. | Duration of Hospital Stay (average 1-2 days) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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drug-eluting stents, DES, atherosclerotic