The Effect of the DASH Diet Containing Meat on Muscle and Metabolic Health in Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Age-related changes in body composition, muscular fitness, and metabolic health resulting in the onset of obesity, sarcopenia, and chronic diseases are profound public health issues that are in need of immediate attention. Effective and feasible methods, such as dietary therapies, are needed to improve health in older adults that in turn lead to independence, enhanced quality of life and reduced hospitalizations. Diet quality and dietary protein intake are vital for maintaining body composition, muscle mass and improved physical performance. Malnutrition in dietary protein intake is a major cause of reduced muscle mass, strength, and function in older adults. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern is a high-quality therapeutic diet known to improve health status in various diverse and at-risk populations resulting in improved heart health, maintained cognitive function and reductions in metabolic diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The primary protein recommendations of the DASH diet are poultry and fish and it is recommended to decrease or exclude red meats from the diet. However, studies have demonstrated that lean red meat incorporated into a DASH-like diet doesn't exacerbate cardiovascular health indices in adults, indicating that lean red meat can be included in the DASH diet without negative effects on heart health. Although studies have reported on the DASH diet in older adults, no studies have investigated the effect of the DASH diet containing lean red meat on measures of body composition, muscle mass or metabolic health under controlled-feeding conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the DASH diet containing daily intakes of lean red meat on indicators of body composition, muscular fitness and biomarkers of metabolic health in adults 65 and older using controlled-feeding and systems biology approaches.

Official Title
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The Effect of Meat Intake as a Part of the DASH Diet on Indices of Muscular Fitness, Body Composition and Metabolic Health in Adults 65 and Older: A Controlled-Feeding Systems-Biology Study

Conditions
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Obesity, Sarcopenia, Aging

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: DASH diet containing daily intakes of red meat


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 65 and older Upward mobile ability Exclusion Criteria: Under the age of 65 Immobility

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Meat assignment in DASH intervention<br>Participants consumed 3 ounces of red meat per day as a part of the DASH diet. | Other: DASH diet containing daily intakes of red meat<br>* Each participant was randomized to consume 3 or 6 ounces of red meat as a part of the DASH dietary pattern for 12-weeks.<br>|
| Experimental: Meat allocation in DASH intervention<br>Participants consumed 6 ounces of red meat per day as a part of the DASH diet. | Other: DASH diet containing daily intakes of red meat<br>* Each participant was randomized to consume 3 or 6 ounces of red meat as a part of the DASH dietary pattern for 12-weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Body weight | Measured by bioelectrical impedance | Change in body weight from baseline to 3 months | 
| Hand grip strength | Measured by a hand-held dynamometer | Change in strength from baseline to 3 months | 
| Glucose | Measure serum glucose using colorimetry assay | Change in glucose concentrations from baseline to 3 months |