8-stage Model and Its Implications in National Pakistani Tennis Players

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of structured exercises for tennis serve performance by using 8-stage model.

Detailed Description
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Tennis serve stroke is the most crucial component of tennis. 8-stage model like other training programs has proven to be effective in improving performance. This exercise program has yet not been implemented in Pakistani tennis players and remain to be tested in local population. This randomized controlled trial has been designed to assess the effectiveness of 8-stage model based exercise program in Pakistani national tennis players. The present study has hypothesized that there will be a significant difference between the effects of 8-stage model and conventional training program. There are two arms of intervention in this study: experimental and control group. Experimental group would follow the 8-stage model based exercise training program while control group would follow their conventional exercise training program. Outcome measurements (speed, flexibility, strength) has been carried out at baseline and after 12 weeks.

Official Title
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Performance Evaluation of the Tennis Serve Using 8-stage Model and Its Implications in National Pakistani Tennis Players

Conditions
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Sports Physical Therapy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: 8-stage model based exercise program
* Other: Conventional exercise program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: National level tennis players Players who are playing tennis from last one year continuously Exclusion Criteria: Players with any MSK injury Any systemic disease affecting players performance Any inflammatory conditions.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 8-stage model based exercise training<br>8-stage model based exercise training | Other: 8-stage model based exercise program<br>* The experimental group would follow exercises related to 8 phases of tennis serve, which would be based on 8-stage model. The participants would follow this program for three days per week for 12 weeks.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Conventional exercise training<br>Conventional exercise training | Other: Conventional exercise program<br>* The control group would follow conventional exercise program advised by coaches. The participants of this group would also follow this program for three days per week for 12 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Serve speed | Serve speed will be measured using Bushnell's Velocity Speed Gun. Speed gun is used to measure the speed of tennis ball in tennis court. It measures around 6-200 miles speed of ball with accuracy along with distance of ball as far as 90 feet away. | Change from Baseline at 12th week | 
| Upper limbs' flexibility | Shoulder flexibility will be measured based on recommendations by International Tennis Federation (ITF) and range of motion through Goniometer. The overall upper limb flexibility was measured using shoulder and wrist flexibility test recommended by ITF. The range of motion measurement would include combined range of motion of external and internal rotation. | Change from Baseline at 12th week | 
| Upper limbs' strength | Shoulder strength will be measured based on recommendations by International Tennis Federation (ITF) and wrist strength through hand held dynamometer. The overall upper limb strength was measured using shoulder push up test recommended by ITF. The wrist strength measurement would include maximum force produced using hand held wrist dynamometer. | Change from Baseline at 12th week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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8-Stage Model, Flexibility, Strength, Tennis Serve