The Effect of Additional Transforaminal Epidural Blocks in Percutaneous Epidural Neuroplasty

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Percutaneous epidural neuroplasty (PEN) is an effective interventional treatment for radicular pain. But in some cases with wire catheter like Racz catheter, contrast runoffs were not shown to the foramen. This study will show that contrast runoff will affect the results of PEN and in cases which contrast runoff are not shown, additional transforaminal epidural blocks will affect the results of PEN by reviewing medical record, retrospectively.

Detailed Description
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Medical records will be investigated in cases of PEN with wire type catheter from May 2016 to August 2018. About one hundred cases will be enrolled. Analysis will be performed. It will be compared 1) Success rate of Runoff group and Nonrunoff group in lumbar spine, 2) Success rate of Runoff group and Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group in lumbar spine. 3) Success rate of Runoff group with nonrunoff-transforaminal group and Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group in lumbar spine. 4) Success rate of Nonrunoff-Transforaminal group and Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group in lumbar spine.

Official Title
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The Effect of Additional Transforaminal Epidural Blocks in Percutaneous Epidural Neuroplasty With Wire Type Catheter in Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis Patients

Conditions
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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Transforaminal Block


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 20 to 80 years old Patients with a herniated disc, spinal stenosis Patients with chronic low back pain and lower extremity pain who did not respond to lumbar epidural steroid injections Patients who are performed percutaneous epidural neuroplasty with wire type catheter. Exclusion Criteria: Incomplete medical record Contraindication to percutaneous epidural neuroplasty

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Runoff Group<br>Runoff group are the patients whose images were shown root shadow by contrast media. | |
| Nonrunoff-Transforaminal group<br>Nonrunoff-Transforaminal group are the patients whose images are not shown root shadows by contrast media, so additional transforaminal blocks are done. | Procedure: Transforaminal Block<br>* Epidural block via neural foramen of lumbar spine<br>|
| Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminla group<br>Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group are the patients whose images are not shown root shadows by contrast media, but no additional transforaminal blocks are done. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Success rate of three groups | Success rate of three groups(Runoff group, Nonrunoff-foraminal group, Nonrunoff-Nonforaminal group) will be compared each other. Success is defined as a 50% or greater reduction in pain score on the pre-procedural Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) score. | 1 month |