A Multimodal Exercise Program in Musculoskeletal System of the Community Elderly

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The number of elderly has been increasing in recent decades. Current studies focused on the risk factors of poor physical performance, poor daily activity performance, and even disability in the elderly. We planned to evaluate the physical performance of elderly dwelling in the community and designed a multimodal exercise program which can improve physical performance, prevent disability and promote quality of life.

Official Title
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A Multimodal Exercise Program in Musculoskeletal System of the Community Elderly

Conditions
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Elderly Exercise

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: multimodal exercise program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: >= 65 year old Exclusion Criteria: cognitive impairment and poor understanding for orders the elderly has medical problems that the elderly can't perform exercise

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: intervention group: receive multimodal exercise program for half year control group: participate community activity
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: multimodal exercise program<br>Elderly in this group will receive multimodal exercise program. The duration of exercise is 60 minutes and frequency is 2 times/week. | Other: multimodal exercise program<br>* warm-up, strengthening exercise, aerobic exercise, cool-down<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Elderly in this group will continue to attend community activity as usual. The activity includes active activity is 60 minutes and frequency is 2 times/week. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gait speed | measure gait speed as usual | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Gait speed | measure gait speed as usual | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Muscle mass | Measure by body composition study | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Level (mild, moderate, maximal) of daily activity | Use pedometer | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Level (mild, moderate, maximal) of daily activity | Use pedometer | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Zipper test | use for evaluation of flexibility | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Zipper test | use for evaluation of flexibility | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Sit and reach test | use for evaluation of flexibility | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Sit and reach test | use for evaluation of flexibility | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Biceps strength | Times of biceps curls within 30 seconds | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Biceps strength | Times of biceps curls within 30 seconds | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Strength of lower limbs | Times of sit and stand test within 30 seconds | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Strength of lower limbs | Times of sit and stand test within 30 seconds | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| One leg stand test | measure the duration when standing on one leg | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| One leg stand test | measure the duration when standing on one leg | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Timed up and go test | measure the time spent for standing up, walking for 3 meter, turning around, going back and sitting down | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Timed up and go test | measure the time spent for standing up, walking for 3 meter, turning around, going back and sitting down | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Endurance | 6 minutes walking test | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Endurance | 6 minutes walking test | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Range of motion of knee | measure by goniometer | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Range of motion of knee | measure by goniometer | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Pain, stiffness, physical function of knee | WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) questionnaire is used for evaluation of pain, stiffness, physical function of patients with knee osteoarthritis. It includes 5 questions for pain, 2 questions for stiffness and 17 questions for physical function. The score of every question is from 0 to 4. The larger the number, the discomfort becomes more servere. We use the difference of change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) to measure the benefit of the exercise. | change between two time points (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Pain, stiffness, physical function of knee | WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) questionnaire is used for evaluation of pain, stiffness, physical function of patients with knee osteoarthritis. It includes 5 questions for pain, 2 questions for stiffness and 17 questions for physical function. The score of every question is from 0 to 4. The larger the number, the discomfort becomes more servere. We use the difference of change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) to measure the benefit of the exercise. | change between two time points (baseline, 6 months later) | 
| Grip strength | measure grip strength by Camry EH101 | change between two time (baseline, 3 months later) | 
| Grip strength | measure grip strength by Camry EH101 | change between two time (baseline, 6 months later) |