Omega 3 and Vitamin D Dosage in a Population With Moderate to High Risk of AMD

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Objectives: The investigators conducted a prospective study in Belgium with the objective to determine the proportion of subjects identified at moderate-to-high risk for AMD, based on the STARS® questionnaire, in need of nutritional supplementation by assessing their vitamin D, zinc oxide and fatty acid profile status. Methods: This multicentre epidemiological intervention pilot study involved 50 Belgian subjects with no AMD or early AMD, aged over 55, at moderate-to-high risk for AMD based on a simplified AMD risk assessment scale (STARS®) score ≥ 10, not taking vitamin D or trace nutrient containing supplements. Outcome data was collected during a one-time subject interview comprising of clinical eye examinations (typically visual acuity), the STARS® questionnaire, visual acuity assessment, an OCT scan on the macula, and fundus photography. Blood samples were collected from the patients and serum analysis was performed to determine the levels of omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, EPA and DHA, zinc and cupric oxide, and vitamin D, recognised as key nutrients involved in AMD pathophysiology.

Detailed Description
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Study population This pilot study is a multicentre epidemiological intervention study of exploratory nature, hence no power calculation was performed, aiming to demonstrate trends. The study includes 50 subjects without a control group. The inclusion criteria of the 50 subjects are: people over 55 years old, with a STARS® score ≥10 (moderate-to-high risk for AMD). Individuals with a STARS® score <10, or taking nutritional supplements containing vitamin D or trace nutrients in the 4 months prior to enrolment, and people with grade-3 or grade-4 AMD scores according to the AREDS simplified scale, were excluded from the study. Study Design and Procedures The study was conducted in accordance to the GCP and Declaration of Helsinki principles, and the study protocol and all relevant study documents were submitted for review to the UZ Leuven Ethics Committee. Informed consent form was obtained from the subjects prior to their enrolment in the study. All information collected was kept confidential and anonymized and used exclusively for the purposes of this study in compliance with the applicable personal data protection and processing laws. The study was completed within a single visit. Outcome data was collected during a one-time subject interview comprising of clinical eye examinations (typically visual acuity), the STARS® questionnaire, visual acuity assessment, an OCT scan on the macula, and fundus photography. Blood samples were collected using a Vacutainer system with 1 purple EDTA tube and 2 red tubes to assay for omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA as well as omega-6 for the calculation of the omega-6:omega-3 (Ω6:Ω3) ratio, vitamin 25(OH)D, zinc oxide and cupric oxide. Samples were analysed by the RP Lab, Rue Emile Francqui 7, 1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium (www.rplab.be). Data Analysis The data were tested for normality using the Chi-Squared Goodness-of-Fit test. Data distribution was not normal for some of the assayed micronutrients, thus all data were analysed to identify trends using subject proportions (%) and descriptive statistics for not normally distributed data: median ± MAD (median absolute deviation).

Official Title
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Omega 3 and Vitamin D Dosage in a Population With Moderate to High Risk of Age-related Macular Degeneration

Conditions
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Age-related Macular Degeneration, Vitamin D Deficiency

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: blood sample


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age over 55 STARS score > or = 10 (moderate to high risk for AMD) Exclusion Criteria: STARS score < 10 persons taking nutritional supplements containing vitamin D or trace nutrients in the 4 months prior to enrollment persons with grade-3 or grade-4 AMD scores according to the AREDS simplified scale

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: epidemiological intervention pilot study
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: pilot study 1 arm<br>50 subjects with no AMD or early AMD, aged over 55, at moderate-to-high risk for AMD based on a simplified AMD risk assessment scale score > or = 10, not taking vitamin D or trace nutriënt containing supplements | Diagnostic Test: blood sample<br>* blood sample to determine omega6/omega 3 ratio, EPA, DHA, zinc, cupric oxide, vitamine D<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| concentration of vitamin D | vitamin D deficiency | at the time of the procedure | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| concentration of fatty acids | omega 6/omega 3 ratio, DHA, EPA | at the time of the procedure | 
| concentration of zinc oxide | in µg/L | at the time of the procedure | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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micronutrients