Erythrocytes and Skeletal-muscle Fatty Acids Are Positively Correlated After Caloric Restriction and Exercise

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim is compare and correlate skeletal muscle and erythrocytes fatty acids (FAs) profiles in adult healthy human after caloric restriction and acute exercise in order to validate erythrocyte FAs profile as marker of changes in muscle fatty acid composition.

Detailed Description
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The study was performed with 11 healthy sportsmen participating in a caloric restriction trial for 1 month. The participants follow a caloric restriction, 30-40% respect to the usual diet of each participant, three alternate days weekly along 4 weeks. After the caloric restriction period the participants realized an exercise stress test. For each participant one blood sample and muscular biopsy were obtained after acute exercise and caloric restriction intervention. All the participants were informed of the purpose and demands of the study before giving their written consent to participate. The study protocol was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for research on human participants and was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Consell Català de l'Esport.

Official Title
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Erythrocytes and Skeletal-muscle Unsaturated and Omega-6 Fatty Acids Are Positively Correlated After Caloric Restriction and Exercise

Conditions
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Dietary Modification

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Caloric restriction


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age (18-50 years old), sex (male), equilibrate diet and physical activity of 3 days weekly. Exclusion Criteria: sex (female), smokers.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Caloric restriction<br>three alternate days weekly along 4 weeks. | Other: Caloric restriction<br>* three alternate days weekly along 4 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in skeletal muscle FAs profiles in adult healthy human after caloric restriction and acute exercise | Muscular biopsy was obtained from vastus lateralis of the quadricipitalis muscle. The dermis was cut for to display muscular aponeurosis (<2.5 cm) after clean and sterilize the biopsy zone. Next the aponeurosis was cut and a puncture with Vacora® device (Bard Biopsy Systems, Tempe, AZ, USA) was realized. The injury was cleaned and sutured, and the muscular sample was stored at -80ºC until FA analyses..FA composition of skeletal muscle were determined by gas chromatography. | 8 weeks | 
| Changes in erythrocytes FAs profiles in adult healthy human after caloric restriction and acute exercise | Venous blood samples were obtained from the antecubital vein of participants with vacutainers containing EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) as anticoagulant (6 mL) to purify erythrocytes following an adaptation of the method described elsewhere (Boyum, 1964; Sureda et al., 2006). Erythrocyte fraction was obtained after centrifugation (900 x g, 30 min, 4ºC). Then, erythrocytes were cleaned with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), centrifuged (900 x g, 20 min, 4ºC) and lysed with water at initial blood volume. Cell lysates were stored at -80ºC until FA analyses. FA composition of erythrocytes were determined by gas chromatography. | 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Densitometry | Densitometry was performed by Lunar IDXA (General Electric, USA) | 8 weeks | 
| Exercise stress test energy efficiency | Standardized maximal treadmill exercise test | 8 weeks |