N-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate Injection Versus Band Ligation for Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis by comparing the efficacy of cyanoacrylate injection (GVO) and band ligation (GVL) in the treatment of acute GVH in liver cirrhotic patients with or without concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Detailed Description
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Gastric variceal hemorrhage (GVH) has a poorer prognosis than esophageal variceal hemorrhage. However, data on its optimal treatment are limited. We designed a prospective study to compare the efficacy of endoscopic band ligation (GVL) and endoscopic N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injection (GVO). Liver cirrhotic patients with or without concomitant hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) and patients presenting with acute GVH were randomized into two treatment groups. Forty-eight patients received GVL, and another 49 patients received GVO. Both treatments were equally successful in controlling active bleeding (14/15 vs. 14/15, P = 1.000). More of the patients who underwent GVL had GV rebleeding (GVL vs. GVO, 21/48 vs. 11/49; P = .044). The 2-year and 3-year cumulative rate of GV rebleeding were 63.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44.5%-81.7%), 72.3% (95% CI, 51.3%-93.3%) for GVL and 26.8% (95% CI, 12.5%-41.1%), 26.8% (95% CI, 12.5%-41.1%) for GVO; P = .0143, log-rank test. The rebleeding risk of GVL sustained throughout the entire follow-up period. Multivariate Cox regression indicated that concomitance with HCC (relative hazard: 2.453, 95% CI: 1.036-5.806, P = .041) and the treatment method (GVL vs. GVO, relative hazard: 2.660, 95% CI: 1.167-6.061, P = .020) were independent factors predictive of GV rebleeding. There was no difference in survival between the two groups. Severe complications due to these two treatments were rare. In conclusion, the efficacy of GVL to control active GVH appears to have no difference with GVO, but GVO is associated with a lower GV rebleeding rate.

Official Title
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A Randomized Trial of Endoscopic Treatment of Acute Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage: N-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate Injection Versus Band Ligation

Conditions
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Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: cyanoacrylate injection to treat gastric variceal hemorrhage


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: * Patients who were aged between 18 and 80 years and had endoscopy-proven acute gastric variceal hemorrhage (GVH) Exclusion Criteria: Cases with concomitant large GV and large EV, but without stigmata of recent bleeding Cases had previous endoscopic, surgical treatment or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for GVH Cases had a terminal illness of any major organ system, like heart failure, uremia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or nonhepatic malignancy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: cyanoacrylate injection to treat gastric variceal hemorrhage|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Comparing the efficacy of cyanoacrylate injection (GVO) and band ligation (GVL) in the treatment of acute gastric variceal hemorrhage (GVH) in liver cirrhotic patients |  |  | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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gastric varices, liver cirrhosis, hepatocelluar carcinoma, rebleeding, long-term