Food Intake and the Adolescent Brain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The brain plays an integral role in how and what people eat. However, the brain's contribution to overeating is not well understood during sensitive developmental periods such as adolescence, when excessive weight gain and obesity prevalence are a significant concern.The proposed study will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine how the brain's response to excess energy is related to overeating in adolescents with and without obesity.

Official Title
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The Neural Underpinnings of Disinhibited Eating Behavior in Adolescents With and Without Obesity

Conditions
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Feeding Behavior, Brain, Adolescent

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Energy Stimulus


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: male or female 13-18 years-old resident of Colorado Exclusion Criteria: weigh less than 88 pounds or have a BMI% rank of <10% for age and sex; have a physician's diagnosis of metabolic syndrome or diabetes (Type 1 or 2); have a physician's diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa; currently taking anti-psychotic medications (not including anti-depressant or anti- anxiety medications); have a non-MRI safe device (e.g. pacemaker or defibrillator) or metal in the body (e.g. metal pins, shrapnel); experience symptoms of claustrophobia when in small or closed-off places; are pregnant or plan to become pregnant

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Sham Comparator: Energy Neutral<br>Bottled water (300 ml) with added fruit punch-flavored non-nutritive sweetener (aspartame) will be used as the energy neutral stimulus. | Dietary Supplement: Energy Stimulus<br>* Energy stimulus (energy surplus v. energy neutral) will be randomly assigned at the first brain imaging visit. At the second brain imaging visit, the participant will receive the alternate stimulus from what they received at the first brain imaging visit.<br>* Other names: glucose;|
| Active Comparator: Energy Surplus<br>300ml fruit punch-flavored Glucola (75-gram[g], Azer Scientific) will be used as the energy surplus stimulus. | Dietary Supplement: Energy Stimulus<br>* Energy stimulus (energy surplus v. energy neutral) will be randomly assigned at the first brain imaging visit. At the second brain imaging visit, the participant will receive the alternate stimulus from what they received at the first brain imaging visit.<br>* Other names: glucose;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Brain function | Brain function will be quantified via the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the hypothalamus, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and superior and inferior frontal gyri, and connectivity between these brain regions. | brain imaging visit 1 (study visit 1); 30 minutes | 
| Disinhibited eating behavior | Disinhibited eating behavior will be quantified via the kilocalories consumed during the test meal phase of the Eating in the Absence of Hunger laboratory protocol. | study visit 2; 1.5 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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pediatric obesity, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, disinhibited eating behavior