New Predictors in Determining the Need for Invasive Treatment in Non-STEMI

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is a heterogeneous disease with a wide range of treatment options from the medical follow-up to early invasive treatment due to complete occlusion of the culprit artery. Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction acute coronary syndrome (NSTEMI-ACS) is one of the subcomponents of NSTE-ACS, which has an increased mortality rate, and for which early intervention can be vital. Yet, most of these patients require invasive treatment. In fact, some of them are patients who require very early invasive treatment and have a complete occlusion in the culprit artery. Unfortunately, risk scoring systems are not sufficient enough to differentiate these patients. Therefore, the discovery of markers that can be used in the differentiation of NSTEMI-ACS patients with an increased need for invasive treatment and/or complete occlusion of the culprit's vessels, especially during pandemic periods such as the COVID-19 pandemic, has gained importance. Inflammation is known to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of coronary artery disease. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of literature on the relationship between the need for invasive treatment strategy and/or complete occlusion of the culprit's vessel, and the hematological markers in patients diagnosed with NSTEMI-ACS.

Detailed Description
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Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is a heterogeneous disease with a wide range of treatment options from the medical follow-up to early invasive treatment due to complete occlusion of the culprit artery. Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction acute coronary syndrome (NSTEMI-ACS) is one of the subcomponents of NSTE-ACS, which has an increased mortality rate, and for which early intervention can be vital. In the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, NSTEMI-ACS is defined as a high-risk condition that requires diagnostic angiography within 2 hours at the latest in those with very high-risk criteria and within 24 hours at the latest in those who do not have high risk. However, the non-invasive approach has come to the fore for the NSTEMI-ACS disease due to the COVID-19 pandemic conditions. In the recently published national consensus report, during the COVID-19 pandemic period, medium-high risk NSTEMI-ACS patients are recommended optimal medical therapy as an alternative treatment method, even if the diagnosis of COVID-19 was excluded, especially in areas where pandemic effects are being experienced intensely. Yet, most of these patients require invasive treatment. In fact, some of them are patients who require very early invasive treatment and have a complete occlusion in the culprit artery. Unfortunately, risk scoring systems are not sufficient enough to differentiate these patients. Therefore, the discovery of markers that can be used in the differentiation of NSTEMI-ACS patients with an increased need for invasive treatment and/or complete occlusion of the culprit's vessels, especially during pandemic periods such as the COVID-19 pandemic, has gained importance. Inflammation is known to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of coronary artery disease. In recent years, it has been shown that hematological parameters closely associated with inflammation in people with coronary artery disease may be useful in distinguishing those with increased severity of atherosclerotic involvement and those with high mortality risk. The main markers used in studies are Leukocyte count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and mean platelet volume (MPV). To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of literature on the relationship between the need for invasive treatment strategy and/or complete occlusion of the culprit's vessel, and the hematological markers in patients diagnosed with NSTEMI-ACS.

Official Title
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New Predictors in Determining the Need for Invasive Treatment in Non-STEMI During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study

Conditions
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Myocard Infarctus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Coronary Angiography
* Diagnostic Test: Coronary Angiography


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: NonST elevated myocard ınfarctus Elder than 18 years Patients who were not have the exclusion criterias Exclusion Criteria: Under the age of 18, Recurrent or ongoing chest pain resistant to drug therapy, Hemodynamic instability, Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias or cardiac arrest, Development of mechanical complications and the presence of dynamic ST-T wave changes (intermittent ST-segment elevation), Heart failure, Ejection fraction <40, Severe anemia, Sepsis, Malignancy, Chronic hematological disease, Collagen tissue disease Obesity, Moderate to severe hepatic failure, Renal failure (Glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2), Severe valvular heart disease, Electrolyte disturbance, Chronic anti-inflammatory drug use, History of chronic inflammatory disease, A history of serious infection in the last month Patients with missing data

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Invasive treatment<br>Patients diagnosed with oclusive or nonoclusive coronary artery disease who were treated invasive techniques (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) | Diagnostic Test: Coronary Angiography<br>* Patients diagnosed with occlusive or nonocclusive coronary artery disease who were treated invasive techniques (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting)<br>* Other names: Invasive treatment;Diagnostic Test: Coronary Angiography<br>* Patients diagnosed with oclusive or nonoclusive coronary artery disease who were treated medically<br>* Other names: Medical treatment;|
| Medically treatment<br>Patients diagnosed with oclusive or nonoclusive coronary artery disease who were treated medically | Diagnostic Test: Coronary Angiography<br>* Patients diagnosed with occlusive or nonocclusive coronary artery disease who were treated invasive techniques (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting)<br>* Other names: Invasive treatment;Diagnostic Test: Coronary Angiography<br>* Patients diagnosed with oclusive or nonoclusive coronary artery disease who were treated medically<br>* Other names: Medical treatment;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Predictive factors for Non ST elevated MI Blood prarameters Predictive factors for Non ST eleveted MI | The relationship between inflammation markers such as red cell distribution width (%), mean platelet volume (fL), Systemic immune-inflammation index (platelet count (10^9/L)x neutrophil count (10^9/L)/ lymphocyte count (10^9/L)), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (neutrophil count (10^9/L)/ lymphocyte count (10^9/L)), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (neutrophil count (10^9/L)/ lymphocyte count (10^9/L)), and treatment strategy in patients diagnosed with Non-ST myocardial infarction was investigated. | Pretreatment period | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction acute coronary syndrome, Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, Systemic immune inflammation index, Invasive treatment strategy, Conservative strategy