Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy for TMJ Dysfunction After Facial Penetrating Injury

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study is aiming to investigate the effect of magnetic therapy in combination with traditional physical therapy on the pain and mouth opening, after facial penetrating wound injury with no facial fractures, that treated conservatively

Official Title
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Efficacy of Adding Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy to Mobilization and Exercises in Patients With TMJ Dysfunction After Facial Penetrating Injury: Randomized Single-blinded Study

Conditions
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TMJ Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field therapy (PEMFT)
* Other: TMJ physical therapy program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: TMJ pain and mouth opening limitation after 1 month of facial penetrating wound injury as the wound is fully healed. TMJ pain (in 1 or both joints) after facial penetrating wound injury. Exclusion Criteria: Patient excluded from the study if they had one of the following: TMJ fracture or dislocation Previous TMJ surgeries Dental diseases Infectious or systemic diseases Pregnancy Malignancy Pacemaker or metal implants Systemic diseases that affect joint function such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 22 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Control Group<br>Control group patients received traditional physical therapy treatment. The traditional physical therapy treatment program consisted of TMJ mobilization techniques include distraction, anterior glide, anterior glide with pre-positioned mouth opening, medial/lateral glides, caudal-anterior-medial (CAM) glide, and CAM glide with pre-positioned mouth opening and isometric exercises against resistance for muscles of mastication. | Other: TMJ physical therapy program<br>* TMJ manual physical therapy program (mobilization and gentle isometric exercises) for 30, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks.<br>|
| Experimental: Study Group<br>Study group patients received PEMFT, using EMG 8400 PEMF device (made in Italy, by EME) in addition to physical therapy treatment program. | Device: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field therapy (PEMFT)<br>* PEMFT was connected to electrical mains supplying 220v. Pair of applicators sized 16x10x3 cm was adjust to be over TMJ, on both sides of the face; the appliance was adjusted to the frequency of 50 HZ and intensity of 90 Gauss. Twelve PEMF treatment sessions of 30 min duration were provided 3 times per week TMJ mobilization techniques and isometric exercises against resistance for muscles of mastication<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in the Maximum mouth opening in millimeter (mm) before and after intervention. | Each participant was asked to open his or her mouth as wide as possible after that the examiner used a digital Vernier caliper to measure the maximum vertical distance from the incisal edge of the upper central incisors to the incisal edge of the lower central incisors at the midline | Change between baseline and 4 weeks of treatment measures. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in TMJ pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain intensity. VAS is a subjective pain measurement method consisting of a straight line of 100 mm on which patients scored their pain intensity where 0 corresponds to no pain and 10 corresponds to the worst maximum pain | Change between baseline and 4 weeks of treatment measures. |