Quality of Diet in Preschool Population

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Childhood obesity is a problem of high prevalence and repercussions in adulthood. It is mostly due to inadequate life habits, modifiable through preventive strategies. The objective was to evaluate in the medium term the effectiveness of an intervention on adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern in preschoolers. Method: Community trial with two groups, in children between 3-5 years. The experimental group conducted a school garden and the usual contents on human body and health were taught in the control. Two schools were selected by cluster sampling, whose first unit of randomization were the educational areas followed by schools. The adaptation to the Mediterranean diet pattern was evaluated using the KIDMED questionnaire and weight, height, BMI and sociodemographic variables were controlled.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of a Multicompetent Intervention on the Quality of the Diet in the Preschool Population

Conditions
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Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Education food


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age between 3 and 5 years Oral comprehension of Spanish. Exclusion Criteria: Existence of language barriers in parents defined as not understanding spoken or written Spanish. Treatment with glucocorticoids. Having chronic diseases that could interfere with somatometry.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: The experimental group conducted 10 weekly sessions, with an approximate duration of 45 minutes per session, which consisted of the presentation of food education content while conducting an orchard with seasonal vegetables. Simple recipes were also described in which these vegetables were included to be made at home, along with information from children's books that dealt with the topic of food and were available in the public library. The control group received the usual training corresponding to the contents of the human body module that is currently taught in each center. All children in the experimental groups were given written instructions so that they could perform at their home, together with their parents, the manipulative activities suggested each week. All these contents were common for all the participants in the study.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental<br>The experimental group conducted 10 weekly sessions, with an approximate duration of 45 minutes per session, which consisted of the presentation of food education content while conducting an orchard with seasonal vegetables. Simple recipes were also described in which these vegetables were included to be made at home, along with information on children's books that dealt with the topic of food and were available in the public library. All children in the experimental groups were given written instructions so that they could perform at their home, together with their parents, the manipulative activities suggested each week. All these contents were common for all the participants in the study. Session material was renewed weekly. | Device: Education food<br>* The intervention consisted of the presentation of food education content while conducting an orchard with seasonal vegetables<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>The control group received the usual training corresponding to the contents of the human body module that is currently taught in each center. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of KIDMED questionnaire | Mediterranean diet adherence assessment questionnaire, 16 items, scored of 1 point per item, minimun 0 points (worse) to 16 points (better). | During the procedure; baseline, 1 year and 2 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of Weight | Changes of Weight in kilograms (Kg), were collected in children using approved scale at baseline, al 1 year and 2 years. | During the procedure; baseline, 1 year and 2 years | 
| Educational level of parents | A survey will assess the level of education of parents; primary, secondary, university or without education, expressed in %. | Baseline | 
| Employment status of parents | The parents' purchasing level will be evaluated in percentages (%); low, medium and high employement status. | Baseline | 
| Change of Height | Changes of Height in meters, were collected in children using approved scale at baseline, al 1 year and 2 years. | During the procedure; baseline, 1 year and 2 years | 
| Change of BMI (body mass index) | Change of weight and height outcomes will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2, upper 20 is considered obesity. | During the procedure; baseline, 1 year and 2 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Nutritional Status, Child Nutrition Sciences, Nutrition Therapy, Nutrition Assessment, Diet, Food, and Nutrition