Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) in OSCC Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has the highest annual increase in the rate of death among the top 10 leading cancers in Taiwan. This research aimed to explore whether increased anti-tumor immunity for OSCCs reduces the recurrence rate or improves survival. We first identified CD33+/CD11b+/HLA-DR-/low/CD14+/- as myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) surface markers by using flow cytometry to compare the MDSC frequency of OSCCs with blood samples from healthy donors (HDs). We then re-confirmed the suppression of T cell proliferation and function achieved by co-culturing with OSCC-educated MDSCs. We subsequently explore whether using particulate β-glucan as a food-grade supplement promotes the human immune system via subversion of immune modulatory MDSCs. Lastly, we correlated clinicopathological parameters with MDSCs and β-glucan administration to examine anti-tumor immunity, and to predict the therapeutic effect and prognosis in OSCC patients..

Detailed Description
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has the highest annual increase in the rate of death among the top 10 leading cancers in Taiwan. This research aimed to explore whether increased anti-tumor immunity for OSCCs reduces the recurrence rate or improves survival. We first identified CD33+/CD11b+/HLA-DR-/low/CD14+/- as myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) surface markers by using flow cytometry to compare the MDSC frequency of OSCCs with blood samples from healthy donors (HDs). We then re-confirmed the suppression of T cell proliferation and function achieved by co-culturing with OSCC-educated MDSCs. Clinically, we enrolled 100 OSCC patients and 30 HDs to demonstrate a significantly higher MDSC frequency in OSCC candidates than HDs. To determine whether using β-glucan as a food-grade supplement promotes the immune system of OSCC patients, we further allocated OSCC patients with and without pre-surgical administration of whole glucan particle β-glucan to groups II and III, respectively (with group I being the HDs). We will explore whether using particulate β-glucan as a food-grade supplement promotes the human immune system via subversion of immune modulatory MDSCs. Lastly, we correlated clinicopathological parameters with MDSCs and β-glucan administration to examine anti-tumor immunity, and to predict the therapeutic effect and prognosis in OSCC patients.

Official Title
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Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) Detection Before and After Beta-glucan Administration in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Conditions
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: β-glucan


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) subjects without other cancer diagnosis healthy donors (HDs) Exclusion Criteria: pregnant woman

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) subject and healthy donors (HDs) subject
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: OSCC subjects with β-glucan supplement<br>Oral squamous cell carcinoma subjects with pre-surgical administration of whole glucan particle β-glucan | Dietary Supplement: β-glucan<br>* β-glucan, a biological response regulator, derived from yeast has been known for more than 45 years, and has anti-infective and anti-tumor activities. β-glucan is a molecule with a β-1,3-linked D-glucose backbone and β-1,6-linked side chains. Thus far, at least 4 receptors for β-glucan have been discovered in humans, which are surface antigens associated with macrophages or myeloid precursor cells as complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18, Mac-1, αMβ2 integrin) (Vetvicka et al. 1996; Xia et al. 1999), lactosylceramide (Zimmerman et al. 1998), scavenger receptor (Rice et al. 2002) and dectin-1 (Brown et al. 2003; Taylor et al. 2007; Saijo et al. 2007).<br>|
| No Intervention: Healthy donors<br>healthy donors without pre-surgical administration of whole glucan particle β-glucan | |
| No Intervention: OSCC subjects without β-glucan supplement<br>Oral squamous cell carcinoma subjects without pre-surgical administration of whole glucan particle β-glucan | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| recurrence-free survival rate or overall survival rate | This research aimed to explore whether particulate β-glucan as a crucial preoperative adjuvant increasing anti-tumor immunity for OSCCs reduces the recurrence rate or improves survival. Clinically, we enrolled 100 OSCC patients and 30 HDs, and further allocated OSCC patients with and without pre-surgical administration of whole glucan particle β-glucan to groups II and III, respectively (with group I being the HDs). we correlated clinicopathological parameters with MDSCs and β-glucan administration to examine anti-tumor immunity, and to evaluate recurrence-free survival rate or overall survival rate in OSCC patients. | 2 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), whole glucan particle (WGP) β-glucan, flow cytometry, recurrence, prognosis