Anthocyanin & Phenolic Acids Bioavailability & Antioxidant Capacity After Consumption of Purple Wheat Products in Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will determine the bioavailability of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds from two purple wheat products, i.e. bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat crackers and bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat granola bars. Crackers are an example of a baked/ processed product. The purple wheat granola bars are an example of a food product that requires much less intensive preparation and cooking, compared to the crackers. A comparison of bioavailability between these two products should provide insights about how different processes and food matrix influence anthocyanin bioavailability and metabolism.

Detailed Description
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This study will determine the bioavailability of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds from two purple wheat products, i.e. bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat crackers and bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat granola bars. Crackers are an example of a baked/ processed product. The purple wheat granola bars are an example of a food product that requires much less intensive preparation and cooking, compared to the crackers. A comparison of bioavailability between these two products should provide insights about how different processes and food matrix influence anthocyanin bioavailability and metabolism. The study is a crossover investigation with 8 men and 8 women who will adhere to a low anthocyanin and low phenolic diet for the duration and complete 2 postprandial study visits where, in random order, they will consume either the crackers or granola bars. Blood and urine will be collected at baseline and postprandially for the analysis of anthocyanins and their metabolites and phenolic acids and determination of antioxidant capacity.

Official Title
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Bioavailability of Anthocyanins and Phenolic Acids and Changes in Blood Antioxidant Capacity After Consumption of Purple Wheat Anthocyanin-enriched Crackers and Granola Bars by Healthy Adult Participants

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Purple Wheat Crackers
* Other: Purple Wheat Granola Bars


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI of 18 - 27 kg/m2 Generally healthy as determined by screening questionnaire Non-smoking Non to moderate alcohol drinkers (Typical consumption less than 5 drinks per sitting and no more than 14 per week) Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or breast-feeding females History of any major disease or medical condition, including any disorder of the gastrointestinal system or food intolerances Taking any prescription medications (including hormonal contraceptives) or over the counter medications prescribed by a medical professional Taking any natural health products or dietary supplements, other than a multivitamin low in anthocyanins and phenolic acids Oral antibiotic use in the past 3 months Any food allergies, and any anaphylactic or life-threatening allergies - food or otherwise Smokers or use of recreational drugs (marijuana, magic mushrooms, etc) Elite or training athletes Following a vegan or vegetarian diet

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Purple Wheat Crackers<br>Bran-enriched purple wheat wholegrain crackers served in 120 g portion. | Other: Purple Wheat Crackers<br>* Whole grain crackers manufactured with purple wheat<br>|
| Experimental: Purple Wheat Granola Bars<br>Bran-enriched purple wheat wholegrain granola bars served in 160 g portion. | Other: Purple Wheat Granola Bars<br>* Whole grain granola bars manufactured with purple wheat<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Plasma concentrations of anthocyanin metabolites |  | 0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Plasma concentrations of phenolic acids |  | 0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8) | 
| Plasma antioxidant capacity |  | 0-8 hours (0, 2, 4, 6, 8) | 
| Urinary concentrations of phenolic acids |  | 0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8) | 
| Urinary concentrations of anthocyanin metabolites |  | 0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Bioavailability, adults