Dual-task Augmented Reality Treatment for Parkinson's Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Activities of daily living (ADL) frequently involve the simultaneous performance of two or more tasks, such as crossing the street while holding a conversation, commonly referred to as dual tasking. The simultaneous performance of a motor and a cognitive task increases postural instability, gait dysfunction, and may increase fall rates in Parkinson's disease (PD). The goal of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of utilizing a digital therapeutic, Dual-task Augmented Reality Treatment (DART) protocol, for the treatment of postural instability and gait dysfunction (PIGD) in individuals with PD. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted at the Main Campus of the Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland, OH). A total of 50 individuals with Parkinson's disease will be randomized into 1) a traditional multi-modal training group, or 2) multi-modal training administered via an augmented reality headset. Multi-modal therapy is where the participant practices performing two things at once (i.e. marching while answering math questions). Augmented reality is a type of head-worn technology that allows the individual to see the real world and places holograms in the space. Both groups will exercise 2x/week for a total of 8 weeks. Assessments involving walking, balancing, and turning will be completed to assess the efficacy of the treatment.

Detailed Description
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Individuals with Parkinson's disease who qualify for the study will come to the Cleveland Clinic for an informed consent visit. At the informed consent visit, the participant will receive an activity monitor and a fall diary. Following a 4-week period where activity and falls are monitored, the participant will come to the Cleveland Clinic for a comprehensive physical and cognitive assessment primarily using a virtual reality treadmill system. During that baseline assessment, the individual will be randomized to either 1) traditional multi-modal training, or 2) augmented reality multi-modal training. Regardless of group allocation, the participant will complete a total of 16 treatment sessions (2x/week for 8 weeks). The traditional multi-modal treatment will be administered 1:1 by a physical therapist. The augmented reality multi-modal training will be overseen by a physical therapist and administered via the Microsoft HoloLens 2 augmented reality device. Follow-up assessments will be conducted at the end of the 16 treatment sessions and 8 weeks after the treatment sessions have ceased. Falls and activity data will be monitored throughout the study.

Official Title
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Dual-task Augmented Reality Treatment for Parkinson's Disease (DART)

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Augmented Reality Multi-Modal Training
* Behavioral: Traditional Multi-Modal Training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Adult with a diagnosis of idiopathic PD Self-reported gait or balance deficits Hoehn and Yahr stage I-III Ability to ambulate >10 minutes continuously Exclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of dementia or any neurocognitive impairment that compromises the ability to provide informed consent >2 errors on the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire Implanted deep brain stimulation electrodes Musculoskeletal or cardiopulmonary issue that limits one's ability to engage in exercise Neurological disease other than Parkinson's disease that impacts motor or cognitive function

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: 50 individuals with Parkinson's disease will be randomized to either 1) traditional multi-modal training, or 2) augmented reality multi-modal training.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Traditional Multi-Modal Training<br>A physical therapist will provide 1:1 multi-modal training. Multi-modal training is the simultaneous performance of a motor and a cognitive task (i.e. marching while answering math questions) | Behavioral: Traditional Multi-Modal Training<br>* Training administered via a 1:1 physical therapy session<br>|
| Experimental: Augmented Reality Multi-Modal Training<br>Multi-modal training will be administered via the Microsoft HoloLens 2 augmented reality head set. Augmented reality allows user to see the real world, and inserts holograms into the environment. For example, the user could see boxes on the ground that they need to step around when walking. The boxes are not real, but rather a hologram that only the user can see. The augmented reality device will instruct the participant on the motor and cognitive task that should be performed simultaneously in a similar manner to the physical therapist in the traditional multi-modal training group. The intervention will be overseen by a physical therapist. | Behavioral: Augmented Reality Multi-Modal Training<br>* Training administered via an augmented reality headset.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gait velocity | Walking speed (m/s) on a self-paced treadmill during single and dual task conditions | From baseline assessment to the end of the 8-week training session | 
| MDS-UPDRS III score | Global score of motor function in Parkinson's disease; 18 items scored on a 0-4 scale; lower score indicates fewer PD motor symptoms | From baseline assessment to the end of the 8-week training session | 
| Fall frequency | number of falls in the previous 30 day period | From baseline assessment to the end of the 8-week training session | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Parkinson disease, dual task, postural instability, gait dysfunction