The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic Among Operated Patients

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This project covers several research aims. In a cohort study, the investigators aim to compare confirmed COVID-19 patients with non-COVID-19 patients who undergo surgical treatment and study factors associated with good or bad outcomes.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Background A novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in the Hubei Province in China in December, 2019. The virus causes a severe respiratory disease (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) that has rapidly spread worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic is prognosed to affect a majority of the world's population before the end of 2020. Throughout the course of the pandemic, patients will continuously need essential healthcare, such as for acute surgical conditions. How the clinical course and management of surgical conditions is influenced by concomitant COVID-19 is largely unknown. There is an acute need for an improved evidence base to inform treatment strategies and guide the management of this patient group. Objectives of initial analyses 1. To compare confirmed COVID-19 patients with non-COVID-19 patients who undergo surgical treatment and study factors associated with good or bad outcomes. Methods The study will enroll consecutive patients that undergo surgical treatment in the Stockholm Region. Data will be extracted from a series of linked electronic systems, such as electronic healthcare records systems, and regional data systems. Collected data will include routine clinical data, such as baseline characteristics, previous medical history, details on care given at the hospital and data from follow-up visits. Endpoints include death, length of hospital stay and complications, such as readmission, reoperation, sepsis, respiratory failure, and number of days in the intensive care unit. Outcome data of patients with confirmed COVID-19 will be compared to those of patients without COVID-19. Dissemination and relevance To the best of the investigators knowledge, there has been no previous comprehensive comparative research on patients with and without confirmed COVID-19 that undergo surgical treatment. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, aiming for journals with a rapid editorial process, preferably open access journals. The findings are expected to increase the knowledge to establish best-treatment strategies and improve outcomes, both for patients affected by COVID-19 and by future epidemics.

Official Title
-----------------
What Are the Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic Among Operated Patients? A Hospital Based Cohort in Stockholm, Sweden

Conditions
-----------------
Covid19, Surgery

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: COVID-19 infection status


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Patients that undergo surgical treatment in the Stockholm Region during the study period Exclusion Criteria: -
Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| COVID-19<br>Patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection | Other: COVID-19 infection status<br>* We will compare patients with/without confirmed COVID-19 infection<br>|
| Non-COVID-19<br>Patients without confirmed COVID-19 infection | Other: COVID-19 infection status<br>* We will compare patients with/without confirmed COVID-19 infection<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Death | Mortality | 30 days post surgery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Length of stay | Length of hospital stay | Through study completion, an average of 1 month | 
| Complications | Includes readmission, reoperation, infection, sepsis, respiratory failure, and number of days in the intensive care unit | 3 months post surgery |