Ethnic Differences in Iron Absorption (FeGenes)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to; 1) investigate population differences in iron absorption between East Asians and Northern Europeans; 2) assess population differences in hormonal and biochemical determinants of Fe absorption between East Asians and Northern Europeans; and 3) to investigate genetic contributions to Fe absorption, Fe status and Fe regulatory hormones between East Asians and Northern Europeans.

Detailed Description
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Detailed description: This study will utilize a multidisciplinary approach to identify genetic variation in genes that control iron utilization in order to shed light on the genetic basis of population differences in iron status and disease susceptibility with a long-term goal of informing population-specific dietary iron intake recommendations to minimize the risk of chronic diseases. To evaluate iron utilization, we will employ an in vivo, functional approach using an oral stable iron isotope method. Each participant will have genetic ancestry and genotyping evaluated using the Illumina Global Diversity Array-8. Study participants (n=504, aged 18-50 y) will consume 57Fe (as ferrous sulfate) in the fasted state and will then ingest a standardized breakfast and lunch meal. Two weeks after iron dosing, a blood sample will be collected from each participant and the amount of 57Fe incorporated into red blood cells will be measured using magnetic sector thermal ionization mass spectrometry. This project will fundamentally advance our understanding of ethnic differences in nutrient metabolism and iron status. It will also provide information to assist with the long-term goal of reducing the public health burden of Fe-related diseases.

Official Title
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Ethnic Differences in Iron Absorption

Conditions
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Anemia, Iron Deficiency, Iron Overload

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy adults Age between 18- 50y Non-smoking Not taking vitamin or mineral supplements. Females: premenopausal and not pregnant or lactating No preexisting medical complications (such as eating disorders, hemoglobinopathies, malabsorption diseases, steroid use, substance abuse history, or taking medications known to influence iron homeostasis) Body mass index (BMI) between 18 - 30 kg/m2. Exclusion Criteria: BMI <18 or > 30 kg/m2, Age <18 y or > 50y, Not of Northern European or East Asian ancestry Smoking Pregnancy, lactating Have gastrointestinal disorders/malabsorption diseases/hemoglobinopathies/dietary restrictions/steroid use/ medication use of medications known to impact iron status, iron utilization or inflammatory status Take vitamin and mineral supplementations

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The percent of non-heme iron absorption | The percent of non-heme iron absorption will be determined by red blood cell iron incorporation of stable 57Fe | 2-week | 
| The concentrations of iron and micronutrient status indicators | The concentrations or serum folate, B12, hemoglobin, hematocrit, transferrin receptor, hepcidin, erythropoietin, erythroferrone, ferritin, interleukin-6, and c-reactive protein | baseline and two-weeks post dosing | 
| Genetic ancestry and characterization of iron-related genotypes | The DNA will be extracted from whole blood samples and each participant will have genetic ancestry and genotyping evaluated using the Illumina Global Diversity Array-8. | baseline | 
| Habitual dietary information | Habitual dietary information will be obtained from Diet History Questionnaire III . | baseline | 
| Dietary information on the study day | Detailed dietary information about all foods and beverages consumed on the study day will be obtained from the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool. | baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Iron absorption, Genetics