Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in COVID-19 Era

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of this retrospective cohort study is to to scrutinize the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on incidence, demography and patient characteristics in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease comparing with the equal time duration, before and after lockdown was initiated in the country. The main aim of this study was to compare the demographic and clinical parameters between two cohorts before the onset of lockdown and within the pandemic.

Official Title
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Factors Associated With an Unfavorable Clinical Course in Hospitalized Patients With Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Post Covid 19 Era: a Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study

Conditions
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: impact of COVID-19 on Health-Seeking Behaviors


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pelvic Inflammatory disease Exclusion Criteria: Pregnancy Oncologic disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Complicated Pelvic Inflammatory Disease<br>The development of complicated Pelvic Inflammatory Disease diagnosed during laparoscopy or by pre-operative image study | Other: impact of COVID-19 on Health-Seeking Behaviors<br>* The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on medical services is overwhelming due to limited medical resources. During its initial surge in 2020, Italy's government rapidly established diverse public actions, which helped maintain the medical supply. However, whether the fear of being infected with COVID-19 interfered with health-seeking behavior (HSB) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate whether pelvic inflammatory disease rates were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.<br>|
| Non-Complicated Pelvic Inflammatory Disease<br>No development of complicated Pelvic Inflammatory Disease diagnosed during laparoscopy or by pre-operative image study | Other: impact of COVID-19 on Health-Seeking Behaviors<br>* The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on medical services is overwhelming due to limited medical resources. During its initial surge in 2020, Italy's government rapidly established diverse public actions, which helped maintain the medical supply. However, whether the fear of being infected with COVID-19 interfered with health-seeking behavior (HSB) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate whether pelvic inflammatory disease rates were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of PID defined as abscess observed in computed tomography or a description of gangrenous salpingitis assessed by pathological reports. | baseline, pre-surgery |