Analysis of Gingival Crevicular Fluid

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare GCF interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) levels in patients with healthy (H), gingivitis (G) and chronic periodontitis (CP) status.

Detailed Description
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Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is formed when fluid exudes from the vessels of the microcirculation into the inflamed periodontal tissue and into the sulcus or pocket. As the fluid traverses the inflamed tissue, it is thought to pick up enzymes and other molecules that participate in the destructive process, as well as products of cell and tissue degradation. Efforts to develop diagnostic tests based on host factors have been focused almost entirely on analysis of GCF. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare GCF interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) levels in patients with healthy (H), gingivitis (G) and chronic periodontitis (CP) status. Systemically healthy and non-smokers 80 participants (30 males and 50 females) who were selected from among admitting to Dentistry Faculty of Selcuk University were included in this study. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded and GCF samples were obtained. Samples were stored in -80 ˚C until analysis with Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA).

Official Title
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Analysis of Gingival Crevicular Fluid IL-1β, IL-10, IL-36γ Cytokine Levels in Gingivitis and Periodontitis Patients

Conditions
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Periodontal Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Gingival crevicular fluid sampling


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Systemically healthy non-smokers, presence of at least 20 teeth in the mouth Exclusion Criteria: receiving periodontal therapy in the last 6 months; receiving antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 6 months; currently pregnant or breastfeeding using a removable partial denture and removable or fixed orthodontic appliances.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Healthy<br>bleeding on probing (BoP) ≤ 10% of the sites, probing depth (PD) ≤ 3 mm and no indication of clinical attachment level (CAL) or radiographic bone loss | Diagnostic Test: Gingival crevicular fluid sampling<br>* GCF sampling and clinical periodontal measurements were performed<br>|
| Gingivitis<br>gingival inflammation (BoP ≥ 10% of the sites, red-blue discoloration of the gingiva and edema) PD ≤ 4 mm and no clinical attachment or radiographic bone loss | Diagnostic Test: Gingival crevicular fluid sampling<br>* GCF sampling and clinical periodontal measurements were performed<br>|
| Periodontitis<br>PD ≤ 5 mm, radiographic bone loss, and 3-4 mm CAL in at least 30% of the sites | Diagnostic Test: Gingival crevicular fluid sampling<br>* GCF sampling and clinical periodontal measurements were performed<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) levels in GCF | GCF samples were obtained from one interproximal site in each quadrant | Baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Probing depth (PD) | PD; from six sites (mesio-buccal, mid-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual, mid-lingual, disto-lingual locations) of each tooth other than third molars. | Baseline | 
| Clinical attachment level (CAL) | CAL; from six sites (mesio-buccal, mid-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual, mid-lingual, disto-lingual locations) of each tooth other than third molars. | Baseline | 
| Bleeding on Probing (BoP) | BoP, from six sites (mesio-buccal, mid-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual, mid-lingual, disto-lingual locations) of each tooth other than third molars | Baseline | 
| IL-10 and IL-1β levels in GCF | GCF samples were obtained from one interproximal site in each quadrant | Baseline | 
| Plaque Index (PI) | PI; from six sites (mesio-buccal, mid-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual, mid-lingual, disto-lingual locations) of each tooth other than third molars | Baseline | 
| Gingival Index (GI) | GI; from six sites (mesio-buccal, mid-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual, mid-lingual, disto-lingual locations) of each tooth other than third molars | Baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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pathogenesis, Gingival crevicular fluid, cytokine