Use of Virtual Reality for Overdose Management Educational Trainings

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This cluster-randomized trial will compare changes in attitudes and knowledge on administering naloxone based on exposure to either a virtual reality educational training or the current standard educational trainings (e.g. on-line videos, printed information handouts) offered at local libraries. Individuals attending local library's naloxone training days will voluntarily complete an anonymous validated survey pre and post attending either the virtual reality or standard educational training.

Detailed Description
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This study will utilize a cluster-randomized trial design. Entire libraries will be randomized to either offer community members the virtual reality training or the standard educational offerings (e.g. handouts, online videos). Volunteers will be asked to complete the brief, anonymous, and validated Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale prior to receiving an education intervention (pretest) and then again immediately after (posttest). Neither participants nor investigators will be blinded. Library patrons who do not participate in the study will be offered current standard training materials. Regardless of the library's randomization, to either virtual reality or standard training, all patrons completing pre and post test surveys will have the opportunity to view the virtual reality training or other public health department materials.

Official Title
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Use of Virtual Reality for Overdose Management Educational Trainings

Conditions
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Drug Overdose, Virtual Reality

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Virtual Reality Education
* Other: Standard Education


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Able to complete paper surveys independently Provide verbal consent Exclusion Criteria: Unable to complete immediate post-training assessment Individuals under 18 years of age Individuals who cannot communicate in English and provide consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Standard Education<br>Standard Educational (Control): The public health department's training includes printed handouts on how to administer naloxone and youtube videos on how to spot signs and symptoms of overdose and administer naloxone. Additionally, staff are on hand to provide one on one verbal educational trainings to local community members voluntarily seeking education. | Other: Standard Education<br>* Standard Educational (Control): The public health department's training includes printed handouts on how to administer naloxone and youtube videos on how to spot signs and symptoms of overdose and administer naloxone. Additionally, staff are on hand to provide one on one verbal educational trainings to local community members voluntarily seeking education.<br>|
| Experimental: Virtual Reality<br>Virtual Reality Education (Intervention): The experimental group of libraries will receive the virtual reality simulation, which is guided by the NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory, and lasts 9 minutes. The virtual reality education is based on scenes and dialogue conducted during the hybrid high-fidelity simulation, from a script developed using the existing hybrid simulation on opioid overdose intervention. This virtual reality education is an educational intervention. | Other: Virtual Reality Education<br>* Virtual Reality Education (Intervention): The experimental group of libraries will receive the virtual reality simulation, which is guided by the NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory, and lasts 9 minutes. The virtual reality education is based on scenes and dialogue conducted during the hybrid high-fidelity simulation, from a script developed using the existing hybrid simulation on opioid overdose intervention. This virtual reality education is an educational intervention.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS) From Pre- to Post-training | Higher scores on the OOKS indicate greater knowledge on how to identify and appropriately intervene during an opioid related overdose, including proper use of naloxone. The tool has been validated with healthcare professionals and lay persons and used to assess changes in knowledge and attitudes after in-person naloxone trainings. This main outcome of this study is examining changes in the OOKS subscale for signs of an opioid overdose with scores ranging from 0 to 10. | Immediately Pre-Training and Within 1 Hour Post-training | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Opioid Overdose Attitudes Scale (OOAS) From Pre- to Post-training | The OOAS subscales assessing competencies to manage an opioid overdose (5 items). Study participants were given intranasal naloxone, so all items were adapted to refer to intranasal naloxone rather than injectable naloxone. OOAS items were scored on a Likert-type scale and higher scores suggested more favorable attitudes towards opioid overdose response, where 1=completely disagree, and 5=completely agree | Immediately Pre-Training and Within 1 Hour Post-training |