Effect of Nebulized Lidocaine on Postoperative Sore Throat

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that use of preoperative nebulized lidocaine is reduced the incidence of postoperative sore throat after endotracheal intubation.

Detailed Description
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Adult patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) requiring double lumen tube (DLT) endotracheal intubation for one-lung ventilation (OLV) were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomized by means of computer-generated order randomization into two groups: Group C (those who received a saline solution as placebo delivered by nebulization) and Group L (those who received lidocaine delivered by nebulization). At 1, 6 and 24 h after tracheal extubation, an observer blinded to treatments evaluated the patients in terms of sore throat and hoarseness. In addition, Patients' satisfaction, intraoperative and postoperative opioid and analgesics consumption and complaints such as dysphagia, nausea and vomiting were recorded. Hemodynamic variables such as blood pressure and heart rate were also recorded.

Official Title
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Effect of Preoperative Nebulized Lidocaine on Postoperative Sore Throat After Endotracheal Intubation

Conditions
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Sore Throat

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Saline
* Other: Lidocaine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery requiring double lumen tube endotracheal intubation for one-lung ventilation American Society of Anesthesiologists class 1,2 and 3 Ability to consent Exclusion Criteria: patients <18 years old body mass index (BMI) <20 or >35 kg/m2 Mallampati grade 3 or 4 mouth opening < 3 cm preexisting hoarseness or sore throat coagulopathy patient with upper respiratory tract infection

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Group C<br>In Control Group, 4 mL of saline solution was administered using a face mask and a compressed gas-powered jet nebulizer for 15 min | Other: Saline<br>* Effect of saline on postoperative sore throat<br>|
| Active Comparator: Group L<br>In Lidocaine Group 4 mL of 4% lidocaine was administered using a face mask and a compressed gas-powered jet nebulizer for 15 min | Other: Lidocaine<br>* Effect of nebulized lidocaine on postoperative sore throat<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in the incidence of postoperative sore throat | Sore throat was assessed using a 0-100 mm visual analog scale (VAS), where a score of 0 represents no pain and a score of 100 reflects the worst pain imaginable. | 24 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| whether the hoarseness was present or not | Hoarseness was defined as a change in voice quality and it was assessed by the patients themselves. The change in voice quality at any time during the observation period was defined as hoarseness was present. | 24 hours | 
| Intraoperative opioid consumption | Assessed in intraoperative period | 60 minutes | 
| Postoperative analgesic consumption | Assessed in postoperative period | 24 hours | 
| Changes in mean arterial pressure | Assessed every 5 minutes during the procedure | 60 minutes | 
| Changes in heart rate | Assessed every 5 minutes during the procedure | 60 minutes |