Comparing the Efficacy of a Dual-Frequency LLLT Device With a Sham Device as a Therapy for Adipose Tissue Loss

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The trial was designed to provide empirical evidence with which to compare the efficacy and safety of the invisa-RED Technology Elite Low-level Laser Therapy (LLLT) device with a sham device as a placebo, when both are used in the treatment of individuals to reduce body fat and improve body aesthetics. At the conclusion of the trial; the change in body fat percentage, the change in total body fat in pounds, and total inches lost of the two groups were statistically analyzed to determine the efficacy of the invisa-RED Technology Elite when used for body fat (adipose tissue) loss and/or aesthetics therapy.

Detailed Description
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The trial was designed to prove the efficacy and safety of the invisa-RED Technology Elite Low-level Laser Therapy (LLLT) device. The trial compared results between two groups; the first group was treated using a fully functional invisa-RED Technology Elite device; this group was designated the Usual Care Group. The second, a control group, was treated utilizing a nonfunctional invisa-RED Technology Elite device; this group is referred to as the Sham Group.The sham device consisted of an invisa-RED Technology Elite device that will appear to operate as the Usual Care Group device to the operator and participants, but the laser diodes will be disabled and will receive no power providing a placebo effect. If staff or a participant questions the efficacy of the sham device, an assertion may be made that only a near infrared, non-visible frequency of light, is being employed. The trial was conducted employing a double blind study methodology; participants were randomly assigned to each group through a drawing, neither participants nor clinicians knew to which trial group they were assigned. To ensure the double blind; treatment for the two groups occurred separately using clinicians exclusive to each group. A simplified weight loss protocol was employed based on the Consultation Protocol from the invisa-Red Training Manual. All study participants received nine (9) therapy sessions of 20 minutes each; power settings were based on the participants Fitzpatrick Scale skin type. For skin types i and ii a power setting of 7 was used, for skin types iii and iv a power setting of 6, for skin types v and vi a power setting of 4 was employed. At the conclusion of the nine (9) therapy sessions; the change in weight of body fat, body fat as a percentage of total body weight, and inches lost of the two groups were statistically analyzed to determine the efficacy of the invisa-RED Technology Elite as a therapy to reduce adipose tissue. The occurrence of any medical errors were documented and included in the statistical analysis.

Official Title
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Comparing the Efficacy of a Dual-Frequency Laser-Emitting Device, the Invisared-RED Elite, With a Sham Device as Therapy for the Loss of Adipose Tissue (Body Fat) and Aesthetics in Overweight Individuals

Conditions
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Obesity, Body Weight, Fat Burn, Cellulite, Abdominal Fat, Adipose Tissue Atrophy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Care as Usual Group
* Device: Sham Group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Any healthy individual. Exclusion Criteria: If you are pregnant, trying to get pregnant or nursing laser light therapy should be received only after the end of these conditions. There is no evidence of harm to a an unborn baby however there have been no safety tests either, so for medical legal reasons we recommend never treating areas directly over a developing child. Individuals with hypertension, light sensitive epilepsy, cancer, heart disease, infectious skin disease, and severe varicose veins should not use this device. People suffering from infectious and acute disease such as a fever should not use this device. People who have hemorrhagic disease, vascular ruptures, skin inflammation, or any disease of the skin should not use this device. People who have immune system dysfunction such as Leukemia, Hemophilia, etc., and light sensitive persons should not use this device. Individuals with a history of melanoma, raised moles, suspicious lesions, keloid scar formation, or healing problems should not undergo laser light therapy. Individuals with active infections, open lesions, hives, herpetic lesions, cold sores, or tattoos and permanent make-up in the area of treatment should not undergo laser light therapy. People who have used isotretinoin (commonly known as Accutane), tetracycline, St. John's Wort, or any photo sensitizing drugs in the last year should not undergo laser light therapy. Individuals with autoimmune diseases such as Lupus, Scleroderma, or Vitiligo should not undergo laser light therapy. Individuals who have pacemakers or other electro-stimulation devices surgically implanted should not undergo laser light therapy. Any insulin dependent individual should consult their physician before undergoing laser light therapy. All individuals considered vulnerable such as children, pregnant women, nursing home residents or other institutionalized persons, students, employees, fetuses, prisoners, and persons with decisional incapacity.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: The trial compared results between two groups of participants; the first group was treated using a fully functional device. The second, a control group, was treated utilizing a nonfunctional device. At the conclusion of nine (9) therapy sessions; the change in body fat percentage, the change in body fat in pounds, and inches lost of the two groups will be statistically analyzed to determine the efficacy of the invisa-RED Technology Elite as a weight loss therapy. Any medical errors will be included in the statistical analysis.
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Care as Usual Group<br>A randomly selected group of 20 participants who received treatment per the prescribed trial protocol using a fully functional invisa-RED Technology Elite device. Treatment protocol was as follows: Participants will undergo nine (9) therapy sessions of 20 minutes each over a three week period; using a singular LLLT protocol setting for pulse (3.5s) and delay (0.2s), however power settings will be based on the participants Fitzpatrick Scale skin type. For skin types i and ii a power setting of 7 will be used, for skin types iii and iv a power setting of 6, for skin types v and vi a power setting of 4 will be employed. | Device: Care as Usual Group<br>* Each participant randomly assigned to the Care As Usual Group will undergo nine therapy sessions over three weeks using a fully functioning invisa-RED Technology Elite device.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Sham Group<br>A randomly selected group of 20 participants who will receive treatment per the prescribed trial protocol using a non functional invisa-RED Technology Elite device. (The sham device will be disabled and will deliver no low laser light energy during therapy.) Treatment protocol is as follows: Participants will undergo nine (9) therapy sessions of 20 minutes each over a three week period; using a singular protocol setting for pulse (3.5s) and delay (0.2s), however power settings will be based on the participants Fitzpatrick Scale skin type. For skin types i and ii a power setting of 7 will be used, for skin types iii and iv a power setting of 6, for skin types v and vi a power setting of 4 will be employed. | Device: Sham Group<br>* Each participant randomly assigned to the Sham Group will undergo nine therapy sessions over three weeks using a non functioning invisa-RED Technology Elite device.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Body Fat Percentage | Measured change in body fat as a percentage of total weight. | In order to determine change over time, body fat as a percentage of body weight will be measured before any treatment at first therapy session and measured again for comparison at the end of three weeks therapy. | 
| Change in Body Circumference Measurements | The prescribed body circumference measurements of the chest, right arm, upper-waist, mid-waist, hips, and right thigh are summed for each participant and recorded. | In order to determine change over time, the prescribed body measurements will be summed for each participant and recorded before any treatment at first therapy session and recorded again for comparison at the end of three weeks therapy. | 
| Change in Weight of Body Fat | The percentage of body fat for each participant was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). That percentage is then multiplied by the total body weight of the participant in order to calculate the weight in pounds of the participants body fat. | In order to determine change over time, each participants body fat weight will be calculated before any treatment at the first therapy session and calculated again to determine if there exists any change at the end of three weeks therapy. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Adipose, Fat, Aesthetics, Skin, Weight Reduction,