Difficult Intubation and Anthropometric Measurement

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of various anatomic measurements alone or in combination in predicting difficult intubation. The investigators hypothesized that goniomastoid distance, thyrogonial distance and tongue movements are sensitive and specific tests for predicting difficult intubation MATERIALS AND METHODS: The investigators included the data of 170 patients (85 difficult intubation and 85 easy intubation) who underwent an abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Patients in difficult intubation (n=85) and easy intubation (n=85) groups were matched by age, BMI, and gender. Intubation difficulty scale (IDS) scores were recorded. Upward and downward maximal protrusions of tongue (UMPT and DMPT, respectively) were evaluated in all patients. Anthropometric measurements were measured.

Detailed Description
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To define the tongue protrusion tests, anatomic landmarks and horizontal lines were used. The first horizontal line (lower target line) was passing through the midpoint of the distance between stomion to mentum (mandible height) and the second horizontal line (upper target line) was passing through the midpoint of the distance from subnasal to stomion (upper lip height). The horizontal lines were drawn with an erasable marker pen on the each patient's face. In the sitting position, patients were asked to make maximal tongue protrusion upward (UMPT) and downward (DMPT) in anatomical neutral position. The inability of the tip of the tongue to reach to the target line was scored 1 and ability of the tongue tip to reach or pass the target line was scored 2

Official Title
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Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Edirne, Turkey

Conditions
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Difficult Intubation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: difficult intubation
* Other: easy intubation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Undergoing abdominal surgery with general anesthesia Able to sit Exclusion Criteria: Enable to sit, Patients had head or neck surgery, Patients with unstable cardiological and respiratory hemodynamic symptoms, Dental prosthesis

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: difficult intubation<br>Intubation difficulty score >5 | Other: difficult intubation<br>* Goniomastoid Distance: The distance between gonion and mastoid while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open. Thyrogonial Distance: The distance between thyroidea and gonion while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open.<br>Other: easy intubation<br>* Goniomastoid Distance: The distance between gonion and mastoid while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open. Thyrogonial Distance: The distance between thyroidea and gonion while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open.<br>|
| Other: Easy intubation<br>Intubation difficulty score >5 | Other: difficult intubation<br>* Goniomastoid Distance: The distance between gonion and mastoid while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open. Thyrogonial Distance: The distance between thyroidea and gonion while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open.<br>Other: easy intubation<br>* Goniomastoid Distance: The distance between gonion and mastoid while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open. Thyrogonial Distance: The distance between thyroidea and gonion while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| thyrogonial distance | thyrogonial distance in centimeter (cm)The distance between thyroidea and gonion while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open. | 5 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Goniomastoid distance | goniomastoid distance in centimeter(cm) The distance between gonion and mastoid while the neck is fully extension and the mouth maximally open. | 5 months |