ATEMPT 2.0: Adjuvant T-DM1 vs TH

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This research study is studying how well newly diagnosed breast cancer that has tested positive for a protein called HER2 responds using one of two different combination of HER2-directed therapies as a treatment after surgery. The name of the study drugs involved are: Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1, Kadcyla) Trastuzumab SC (Herceptin Hylecta) Paclitaxel

Detailed Description
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This is a randomized phase II adjuvant study for women and men with Stage I HER2-positive invasive breast cancer. Participants will be randomized into one of two treatment arms in this study and receive: Arm 1: trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1, Kadcyla) and trastuzumab SC (Herceptin Hylecta) Arm 2: paclitaxel and trastuzumab SC (Herceptin Hylecta) This research study is looking to see if the study drug T-DM1 followed by trastuzumab SC will have less side-effects than traditional HER2-positive breast cancer treatment of trastuzumab and paclitaxel.The study is also looking to learn about the long-term benefits and disease-free survival of participants who are treated with T-DM1 followed by trastuzumab SC. T-DM1 is an antibody-drug conjugate; it is made up of an antibody (trastuzumab) linked to a cytotoxic drug, DM1 (chemotherapy). T-DM1 functions as a targeted cancer therapy because it targets HER2-positive breast cancer cells directly, limiting exposure of the rest of the body to chemotherapy. More specifically, the trastuzumab in T-DM1 first binds to the HER2 protein on the surface of the breast cancer cells and the DM1 then enters the cells and can cause them to die, preventing tumor growth. The FDA (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) has not approved T-DM1 for use on its own in patients with stage I, II, or III breast cancer. However, it has been approved for use in (a) advanced or metastatic, previously treated breast cancer and (b) in some patients receiving postoperative treatment after preoperative chemotherapy and surgery have been completed. Trastuzumab SC is a subcutaneous form of trastuzumab.Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody, which are disease-fighting proteins made by cloned immune cells. Paclitaxel and trastuzumab are considered a standard-of-care regimen in early breast cancer. Trastuzumab is FDA-approved to be administered as an IV (intravenous) or subcutaneous (muscular injection). The research study procedures include screening for eligibility and study treatment including laboratory evaluations and follow up visits. Participants will receive study treatment for a year in total and will be followed for 5 years after treatment. It is expected that about 500 people will take part in this research study. Genentech is supporting this research study by providing funding for the study and supplying trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) and trastuzumab SC (subcutaneous).

Official Title
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A Randomized Phase II Trial of Adjuvant Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) Followed by Subcutaneous Trastuzumab Versus Paclitaxel in Combination With Subcutaneous Trastuzumab for Stage I HER2-positive Breast Cancer (ATEMPT 2.0)

Conditions
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Breast Cancer, HER2-positive Breast Cancer

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: trastuzumab-emtansine
* Drug: Trastuzumab SC
* Drug: Paclitaxel


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients must have HER2-positive Stage I histologically confirmed invasive carcinoma of the breast. Patients must have node-negative (N0) or micrometastases (N1mic) breast cancer according to the AJCC 8th edition anatomic staging table. If the patient has had a negative sentinel node biopsy, then no further axillary dissection is required, and the patient is determined to be node-negative. If an axillary dissection without sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed to determine nodal status, at least six axillary lymph nodes must be removed and analyzed, and determined to be negative, for the patient to be considered node-negative. Axillary nodes with single cells or tumor clusters ≤ 0.2 mm by either H&E or immunohistochemistry (IHC) will be considered node-negative. Any axillary lymph node with tumor clusters between 0.02 and 0.2 cm is considered a micrometastasis. Patients with a micrometastasis are eligible. An axillary dissection is not required to be performed in patients with a micrometastasis found by sentinel node evaluation. In cases where the specific pathologic size of lymph node involvement is subject to interpretation, the principal investigator will make the final determination as to eligibility. The investigator must document approval in the patient medical record. Patients who have an area of a T1aN0, ER+ (defined as >10%), HER2-negative cancer in addition to their primary HER2-positive tumor are eligible. HER2-positive: defined as 3+ by immunohistochemistry. FISH results will not be considered for eligibility. NOTE: HER-2 status must be confirmed to be positive by central review by NeoGenomics prior to patient starting protocol therapy. Patients previously having had HER2 immunohistochemical testing by NeoGenomics do not need to undergo retesting for central confirmation of HER2 status. NOTE: DCIS components will not be counted in the determination of HER2 status ER/PR determination is required. ER and PR assays should be performed by immunohistochemical methods according to the local institution standard protocol. Bilateral breast cancers that individually meet eligibility criteria are allowed. Patients with multifocal or multicentric disease are eligible, as long as each tumor individually meets eligibility criteria. Central confirmation is needed for any site of disease that is tested to be HER2-positive by local testing (unless testing was previously done by NeoGenomics). Patients with a history of ipsilateral DCIS are eligible if they were treated with wide excision alone, without radiation therapy. Patients with a history of contralateral DCIS are not eligible. ≤ 90 days between the planned treatment start date and the patient's most recent breast surgery for this breast cancer ≥ 18 years of age with any menopausal status. ECOG Performance Status 0 or 1 All tumor should be removed by either a modified radical mastectomy or a segmental mastectomy (lumpectomy), with either a sentinel node biopsy or axillary dissection All margins should be clear of invasive cancer or DCIS (i.e. no tumor on ink). The local pathologist must document negative margins of resection in the pathology report. If all other margins are clear, a positive posterior (deep) margin is permitted, provided the surgeon documents that the excision was performed down to the pectoral fascia and all tumor has been removed. Likewise, if all other margins are clear, a positive anterior (superficial; abutting skin) margin is permitted provided the surgeon documents that all tumor has been removed. Patients undergoing breast conservation therapy (i.e. lumpectomy) must not have any contraindications to radiation therapy. Radiation to the conserved breast is required. Patients may have received up to 4 weeks of tamoxifen therapy, or other hormonal therapy, for adjuvant therapy for this cancer. Patients cannot receive adjuvant hormonal therapy during protocol treatment for the first 12 weeks. Prior oophorectomy for cancer prevention is allowed. Patients who have undergone partial breast radiation (duration ≤ 7 days) prior to registration are eligible. Partial breast radiation must be completed prior to 2 weeks before starting protocol therapy. Patients who have undergone whole breast radiation are not eligible. Patients who have participated in a window study (treatment with an investigational agent prior to surgery for ≤ 2 weeks) are eligible. Patients must have discontinued the investigational agent at least 14 days before participation. Adequate bone marrow function: ANC ≥ 1000/mm3, Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dl Platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3 Adequate hepatic function: Total bilirubin ≤ 1.2mg/dL AST and ALT ≤ 1.5x Institutional ULN For patients with Gilbert syndrome, the direct bilirubin should be within the institutional normal range. Serum alkaline phosphatase should be ≤ 1.5x Institutional ULN. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% Premenopausal patients must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test, including women who have had a tubal ligation and for women less than 12 months after the onset of menopause. Women of childbearing potential and men with partners of childbearing potential must be willing to use one highly effective form of nonhormonal contraception or two effective forms of nonhormonal contraception by the patient and/or partner. Contraceptive use must be continued for the duration of the study treatment and for 7 months after the last dose of study treatment. Hormonal birth control methods are not permitted. Patients should have tumor tissue available, and a tissue block of sufficient size to make 15 slides, which must be sent to DFCI for correlative research. If a tissue block is unavailable, sites may send one H&E-stained slide and 15 unstained sections of paraffin-embedded tissue on uncharged slides. Slide sections should be 4-5 microns in thickness. It is also acceptable to submit 2 cores from a block of invasive tissue using a 1.2 mm diameter coring tool. If tumor is not available, the investigator must document why tissue is not available in the patient medical record, and that efforts have been made to obtain tissue. Willing and able to sign informed consent Must be able to read and understand English in order to participate in the quality of life surveys. If patient does not read and understand English, the patient is still eligible, but cannot participate in the quality of life surveys. Exclusion Criteria: Any of the following due to teratogenic potential of the study drugs: Pregnant women Nursing women Women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception (condoms, diaphragms, IUDs, surgical sterilization, abstinence, etc.). Men who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception (condoms, surgical sterilization, abstinence, etc.). Locally advanced tumors at diagnosis, including tumors fixed to the chest wall, peau d'orange, skin ulcerations/nodules, or clinical inflammatory changes (diffuse brawny cutaneous induration with an erysipeloid edge) Patients with a history of previous invasive breast cancer. History of prior chemotherapy in the past 5 years. History of paclitaxel therapy Patients with active liver disease, for example due to hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, autoimmune hepatic disorder, or sclerosing cholangitis Individuals with a history of a different malignancy are ineligible except for the following circumstances: Individuals with a history of other malignancies are eligible if they have been disease-free for at least 5 years and are deemed by the investigator to be at low risk for recurrence of that malignancy. Individuals with the following cancer are eligible regardless of when they were diagnosed and treated: cervical cancer in situ, and non-melanoma cancer of the skin. Intercurrent illness including, but not limited to: ongoing or active, unresolved systemic infection, renal failure requiring dialysis, active cardiac disease, prior myocardial infarction (asymptomatic changes on EKG suggestive of old MI is not an exclusion), history of CHF, current use of any therapy specifically for CHF, uncontrolled hypertension, significant psychiatric illness, or other conditions that in the opinion of the investigator limit compliance with study requirements.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: participants are randomized in a 2-1 fashion to Arm A vs. Arm B
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Arm A. T-DM1 followed by Trastuzumab SC<br>Randomized participants will receive intravenous T-DM1 every 3 weeks for 6 cycles (18 weeks) and then Trastuzumab SC (subcutaneous) every 3 weeks for 11 cycles | Drug: trastuzumab-emtansine<br>* intravenous infusion<br>* Other names: Kadcyla;Drug: Trastuzumab SC<br>* Muscular injection<br>* Other names: Herceptin Hylecta;|
| Experimental: Arm B: Paclitaxel with Trastuzumab SC, followed by Trastuzumab SC alone<br>Randomized participants will receive weekly intravenous Paclitaxel for 12 weeks (4 cycles) and Trastuzumab SC (subcutaneous) every 3 weeks for 17 cycles. The first 4 doses Trastuzumab SC are given with Paclitaxel. | Drug: Trastuzumab SC<br>* Muscular injection<br>* Other names: Herceptin Hylecta;Drug: Paclitaxel<br>* intravenous infusion<br>* Other names: Onxal;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Incidence of clinically relevant toxicities (CRT) | Compare the incidence of clinically relevant toxicities (CRT) in patients with Stage I HER2-positive breast cancer treated with trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC to the incidence in those treated with paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC as assessed by PRO-CTCAE | First 18 weeks of treatment | 
| Disease Free Survival (DFS) | Evaluate disease-free survival in the T-DM1 followed by trastuzumab SC arm | Time from randomization to first Disease Free Survival (DFS) event up to 72 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Grade 3 and 4 adverse events | Compare the incidence of all grade 3 and 4 adverse events in patients treated with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC to the incidence in those receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Quality of Life Assessment: FACT B | Compare responses to FACT-B quality of life (QOL) questionnaire in patients receiving trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC to that experienced by patients receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC. | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Symptoms related to therapy | Evaluate symptoms related to therapy in patients receiving trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC compared to those receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC using the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Symptoms related to therapy | Evaluate symptoms related to therapy in patients receiving trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC compared to those receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC using the Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire (PNQ) | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Effects of therapy on work productivity | Evaluate effects of therapy on work productivity and activity using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI-SHP) in patients receiving trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC compared to those receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Effect of alopecia on patients | Evaluate the effects of alopecia on patients receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC using an alopecia questionnaire | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Incidence of Side Effects | Compare incidence of sensory neuropathy, headache, arthralgia and myalgia using PRO-CTCAE criteria in patients receiving trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC to that experienced by patients receiving paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab SC | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Incidence of grade 3-4 cardiac left ventricular dysfunction | Evaluate the incidence of grade 3-4 cardiac left ventricular dysfunction in patients treated with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC compared to those receiving paclitaxel with trastuzumab SC | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Incidence of trastuzumab-emtansine-induced grade 2-4 thrombocytopenia | Evaluate the incidence of trastuzumab-emtansine-induced grade 2-4 thrombocytopenia | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Percentage of patients with amenorrhea | Investigate the percentage of patients with amenorrhea at various time points after the start of treatment in premenopausal women receiving treatment with trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC and paclitaxel with trastuzumab SC | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Evaluation of gene predictors of trastuzumab-emtansine-induced grade 2-4 | Evaluate gene biomarkers predictive of trastuzumab-emtansine-induced grade 2-4 thrombocytopenia | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Gene Profiling | Utilize genomic profiling to query a large panel of cancer gene mutations and gene expression in patients with Stage I HER2-positive breast cancer | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Radiation therapy Toxicity | Evaluate the incidence of toxicities attributed to radiation therapy when given concurrently with trastuzumab SC after receipt of either trastuzumab emtansine or paclitaxel | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 
| Overall survival | Describe overall survival in patients with Stage I HER2-positive breast cancer treated with trastuzumab emtansine followed by trastuzumab SC | Enrollment to end of treatment up to 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Breast Cancer, HER2-positive Breast Cancer