Sequential/Combination Therapy in Nucleoside or Nucleotide Analogue (NA)-Suppressed Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the prospective study is to determine whether combination/ sequential therapy with Entecavir, Peginterferon alfa-2b and immunomodulators Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GMCSF)+vaccine could induce HBsAg loss in chronic hepatitis B patients with maintained Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA suppression on long-term nucleoside or nucleotide analogue (NA).

Detailed Description
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Patents who were treated with NA at least one year and achieved HBV DNA suppression are enrolled in this study, they will receive Entecavir (ETV) for 60 weeks, HBV vaccine (60ug/month, every four weeks) for 24 weeks, GMCSF (75 μg/day, first 5 days each month, subcutaneous) from baseline to week 16 and from week 60 to week 84, and Y peginterferon alfa-2b (180 μg/week, subcutaneous) from week 16 to week 108.

Official Title
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Efficacy and Safety of Combination Therapy With Entecavir, Peginterferon Alfa-2b and Immunomodulators in Nucleoside or Nucleotide Analogue (NA)-Suppressed Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

Conditions
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Chronic Hepatitis b

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Entecavir
* Drug: Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor
* Drug: Y peginterferon alfa-2b
* Drug: HBV vaccine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male and female patients from 18 to 65 years of age; HBsAg positive, entecavir and or adefovir dipivoxil are used at least 1 year including patients with nucleotides or nucleoside resistance history; Before nucleotides or nucleosides treatment, ALT > 2 upper limit of normal value (ULN), HBV DNA >10000 copies/ml, HBsAg positive; Serum HBV DNA < 1000 copies/ml; 2000 IU/ml ≤HBsAg≤6000 IU/ml; HBsAg positive; Negative urine or serum pregnancy test (for women of childbearing potential) documented within the 24-hour period prior to the first dose of test drug; Absence of cirrhosis confirmed by ultrasonic test; Agree to participate in the study and sign the patient informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: Patients who had NAs resistance and HBV DNA > 1000 copies/ml, or treatment of drugs with interferon longer than 6 months; Other antiviral, anti-neoplastic or immunomodulatory treatment (including supra physiologic doses of steroids and radiation) 6 months prior to the first dose of randomized treatment (except for 7 days of acyclovir for herpetic lesions more than 1 month prior to first administration of randomized treatment). Patients who are expected to need systemic antiviral therapy other than that provided by the study at any time during their participation are also excluded; Women with ongoing pregnancy or breast-feeding; Co-infection with active hepatitis A, hepatitis C, hepatitis D(Those hospitals which have the ability to do the test will do) and/or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); ALT >10 ULN; Evidence of decompensated liver disease (Child-Pugh score > 5). Child-Pugh > 5 means, if one of the following 5 conditions are met, the patient has to be excluded: one of the following 5 conditions are met, the patient has to be excluded: Serum albumin < 3.5 g/L; Prothrombin time > 3 seconds prolonged; Serum bilirubin > 34 µ mol/L; History of encephalopathy; History of variceal bleeding; Ascites; History or other evidence of a medical condition associated with chronic liver disease other than viral hepatitis (e.g., hemochromatosis, autoimmune hepatitis, metabolic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, toxin exposures, thalassemia); Signs or symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma, patients with a value of alpha-fetoprotein > 100 ng/mL are excluded, unless stability (less than 10% increase) has been documented over at least the previous 3 months. Patients with values < 20 ng/mL but > 100 ng/mL may be enrolled, if hepatic neoplasia has been excluded by liver imaging; Neutrophil count < 1500 cells/mm3 or platelet count <90,000 cells/mm3 at screening; Hemoglobin < 11.5 g/dL for females and <12.5 g/dL for men; Serum creatinine level > 1.5 ULN in screening period. Phosphorus < 0.65 mmol/L; antinuclear antibody (ANA) > 1:100; History of severe psychiatric disease, especially depression. Severe psychiatric disease is defined as treatment with an antidepressant medication or a major tranquilizer at therapeutic doses for major depression or psychosis, respectively, for at least 3 months at any previous time or any history of the following: a suicidal attempt hospitalization for psychiatric disease, or a period of disability due to a psychiatric disease; History of a severe seizure disorder or current anticonvulsant use; History of immunologically mediated disease, (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis etc.); History of chronic pulmonary disease associated with functional limitation; Diseases that interferon and Nucleotides or nucleosides are not suitable.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Sequential combination arm<br>Drug: Entecavir for 60 weeks Drug: HBV vaccine (60ug/month, every four weeks) for 24 weeks Drug: Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (75 μg/day, first 5 days each month, subcutaneous) from baseline to week 16 and from week 60 to week 84 Drug: Y peginterferon alfa-2b (180 μg/week, subcutaneous) from week 16 to week 108 | Drug: Entecavir<br>* Entecavir is used for 96 weeks<br>* Other names: ETV;Drug: Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor<br>* Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor is used intermittently from baseline to week 16 and from 60 to week 84<br>* Other names: GMCSF;Drug: Y peginterferon alfa-2b<br>* Y peginterferon alfa-2b is used for 96 weeks<br>* Other names: peginterferon a-2b;Drug: HBV vaccine<br>* 60ug HBV vaccine is used every four week for 24 weeks<br>* Other names: vaccine;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| HBsAg loss rate | Percentages of patients who achieve HBsAg loss at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| HBsAg level | Dynamic change in HBsAg level from baseline to the end of treatment | at week 60 | 
| HBsAg level | Dynamic change in HBsAg level from baseline to the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| decline in HBsAg level | Decline in HBsAg level from baseline to the end of treatment | at week 60 | 
| decline in HBsAg level | Decline in HBsAg level from baseline to the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| HBsAb appearance rate | Percentages of HBsAb appearance at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| HBsAb seroconversion rate | Percentages of HBsAb seroconversion at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| HBeAg loss rate | Percentages of HBeAg loss in the HBeAg-positive patients at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| HBeAg seroconversion rate | Percentages of HBeAg seroconversion in the HBeAb-negative patients at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| Rate of HBV DNA level <1000 copies/mL | Percentages of HBV DNA level <1000 copies/mL at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| Rate of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalisation | Percentages of ALT normalisation at the end of treatment | at week 108 | 
| Sustained HBsAg loss rate | Percentages of sustained HBsAg loss at the end of follow-up | at week 156 | 
| The rate of progression to cirrhosis | The rate of progression to cirrhosis at the end of follow-up | at week 156 | 
| The incidence rate of hepatocarcinoma | The incidence rate of hepatocarcinoma at the end of follow-up | at week 156 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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HBsAg, HBV, ETV, PegIFN, Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), GMCSF