Pistachios, Performance, Metabolomics

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Ingestion of 3 ounces of pistachio nuts per day for two weeks before and the day of cycling intensely for 75 kilometers will support substrate utilization during exercise (as determined through metabolomics) and improve performance compared to water only, and attenuate inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune dysfunction during 24 hours of recovery.

Official Title
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Influence of Pistachios on Performance and Exercise-induced Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Immune Dysfunction in Athletes: a Metabolomics-based Approach.

Conditions
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Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Immune Dysfunction

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Pistachios


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male endurance cyclists Capable of exercising for 2.5 h at a high intensity in the lab Ages 18-55 Agree to train normally and stay weight stable. Agree to avoid the use of large dose vitamin/mineral supplements Agree to avoid herbs and medications that influence inflammation Exclusion Criteria: Regularly take supplements or medicines known to effect inflammation. At moderate or high risk for cardiovascular disease. Younger than 18 or older than 55 years of age. No history of competing in cycling races.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Pistachios<br>Pistachio treatment (3 oz/d) for two weeks; 3 oz pistachio nuts and water (1.5 oz. before, and 1.5 oz during) cycling 75 km. | Other: Pistachios<br> <br> |
| No Intervention: No pistachios<br>No pistachios for two weeks, or before and during 75 km cycling. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Shifts in metabolites (metabolomics) | Shifts in metabolites pre-and post-14-days supplementation, and then after 75-km cycling, and the next morning. | 14-day period | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Inflammation | Pre- and post-14 d supplementation, and following 75-km cycling; plasma IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, G-CSF, MCP-1; C-reactive protein | 14-day period | 
| Immune Function | Pre- and post-14 days supplementation, and following 75-km cycling; granulocyte and monocyte phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity; leukoycte differential | 14-day period | 
| Oxidative Stress | Pre- and post-14 days supplementation, and following 75-km cycling; RBC glutathione, protein carbonyls, ORAC, FRAP, F2-isoprostanes | 14-day period | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Inflammation, Oxidative stress, Immune dysfunction, Metabolites