Ascorbic Acid on Restenosis of Dysfunctional Hemodialysis Vascular Access

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To investigate the effect of ascorbic acid on angiographic restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for dysfunctional dialysis vascular access.

Detailed Description
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Vascular access dysfunction is the leading cause of treatment insufficiency or interruption among hemodialysis (HD) patients, and it is responsible for a large portion of the cost of any end-stage renal disease (ESRD) program. Intimal hyperplasia at the venous segment of vascular access is the characteristic lesion, which leads to dysfunction or failure of both arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and prosthetic grafts (AVG). Although percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is effective in treating these stenotic lesions, the effect seems not permanent and restenosis after PTA remains a major problem. A number of studies have examined the clinical, anatomical, and technical factors for restenosis, the causes of restenosis are still not fully understood.This highlights a possible role of non-traditional risk factors to explain the high restenosis rate at the venous segment of vascular access, which includes oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a potent antioxidant used for a long time. Hemodialysis patients had been shown to be deficient in antioxidant defense, which resulted in increasing requirement of ascorbic acid supplement. Currently, intravenous 300-mg ascorbic acid supplementation three times a week after hemodialysis had been used to overcome erythropoietin resistance in patients with iron deficiency. Theoretically, ascorbic acid scavenges reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species and may thereby prevent oxidative injuries. Investigators reported that administration of high dose ascorbic acid could prevent lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in patients with ESRD. In this study, the investigators investigated whether ascorbic acid could decrease venous restenosis after PTA for dysfunctional hemodialysis vascular access.

Official Title
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Effect of Ascorbic Acid Administration on Restenosis of Dysfunctional Hemodialysis Vascular

Conditions
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Hemodialysis Access Failure

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Ascorbic Acid 300 MG
* Drug: Ascorbic Acid 600 MG
* Drug: Normal saline


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: clinical signs, i.e., decreased thrill, development of collateral veins, limb swelling, and prolonged bleeding from puncture sites, suggesting vascular access dysfunction reduction of flow rate more than 25% from baseline total access blood flow rate less than 500 mL/min by ultrasound dilution method increased venous pressure during dialysis, as dynamic venous pressure exceeding threshold levels of 150 mmHg in AVF and 160 mmHg in AVG, respectively, under dialysis blood flow 250 ml/min for three consecutive times Exclusion Criteria: hospitalized for infection, heart failure, or acute coronary syndrome in recent 3 months unable to comply with follow-up visits already under ascorbic acid or other antioxidant supplements
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This was a prospective randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled study
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Ascorbic acid 300 mg<br>Ascorbic acid 300 mg was administered intravenously for 5 minutes after each dialysis session, three times per week for 12 weeks. | Drug: Ascorbic Acid 300 MG<br>* Ascorbic acid 300 mg was administered intravenously for 5 minutes after each dialysis session, three times per week for 12 weeks.<br>* Other names: Vitamin C;|
| Active Comparator: Ascorbic acid 600 mg<br>Ascorbic acid 600 mg was administered intravenously for 5 minutes after each dialysis session, three times per week for 12 weeks. | Drug: Ascorbic Acid 600 MG<br>* Ascorbic acid 600 mg was administered intravenously for 5 minutes after each dialysis session, three times per week for 12 weeks.<br>* Other names: Vitamin C;|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>Normal saline was administered intravenously for 5 minutes after each dialysis session, three times per week for 12 weeks. | Drug: Normal saline<br>* Normal saline was administered intravenously for 5 minutes after each dialysis session, three times per week for 12 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the extent of restenosis after angioplasty | the extent of restenosis defined by the late loss of minimal vessel diameter and late loss of percentage stenosis at follow-up angiograms | 12 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Ascorbic acid, hemodialysis vascular access, restenosis