Recollection Training in Healthy Older Adults and Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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We have developed a training intervention that successfully improves older adults' memory. We have also shown that older adults whose memory is as good as younger adults' memory (Hi-Old) use an altered pattern of memory-related brain activity compared to younger adults, whereas healthy older adults with poorer memory (Lo-Old) do not. We have also shown that individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) have impairments of conscious, effortful, Recollection-based memory processes, whereas their automatic, Familiarity-based memory processes are intact. Our primary current goal is to investigate whether our successful memory intervention will improve Recollection and produce induce altered patterns of brain activity in the Lo-Old and aMCI. Young, Lo-Old, Hi-Old, and aMCI will be scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing two memory tasks. Half of the Lo-Old and half of the aMCI will then receive the memory intervention, while the other half in each group will receive a control program consisting of information and games about aging. The Lo-Old and aMCI will then be rescanned while performing the two memory tasks. We predict that the memory intervention will improve performance on a number of memory tasks, and will induce altered patterns of brain activity. In the Lo-Old, their brain activity after the memory intervention will look more like the Hi-Old, while brain activity will become more focal in the aMCI.

Official Title
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Memory Interventions for Older Adults

Conditions
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Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, Aging

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Recollection Training
* Behavioral: Control


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 65-90 years old English as a first language or learned before kindergarten Right handed Exclusion Criteria: Neurologic disorder Major medical disorder affecting cognition Psychiatric disorder Metal in the body that poses a hazard in the MRI scanner

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 1<br>Recollection training via graduated increases in task difficulty, carried out over 36 sessions over 9 training days | Behavioral: Recollection Training<br>* Participants are exposed to long lists of words. Each word is presented either visually or auditorily, and each word is repeated after a variable number of intervening words (the lag), in each the same modality, or the other modality. Participants are instructed to respond yes only to words repeated in the same modality. If a performance criterion is met, the lag is increased for the next session; if the performance criterion is not met, the same lag is repeated in the next session.<br>* Other names: Memory training;|
| Active Comparator: 2<br>Computer-delivered information sessions about memory and aging with Jeopardy-like games to engage participants | Behavioral: Control<br>* Participants view PowerPoint presentations on various topics related to memory and aging (e.g., structural brain changes, diet, stress, depression) and how each of these topics affect memory, and after each presentation, play a Jeopardy-like game to test their knowledge gain<br>* Other names: Educational Control;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Recollection estimates | Recollection, defined as Correct yes responses to Same repetitions minus Incorrect yes responses to Different repetitions, as a function of condition (trained versus control), lag (3, 16) and time (pre-, post-, and 3 month follow-up) | Immediately post-training and three months post-training | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Brain activation as assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging | Prefrontal (inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri) activation for Different Repetitions minus Same Repetitions, as a function of group (trained versus control), lag (3, 16), and time (pre, post). Additional analyses will compare trained versus control older adults with younger adults on these measures at baseline (pre). Analyses will include an exploration of prefrontal laterality of the effects (left minus right), to see whether training induces greater bilaterality of activation. | Immediately post-training | 
| Transfer to other recollection-dependent task and to subjective memory measures | Source memory, self-ordered pointing, n-back, a Sternberg task, CVLT, an AB-AC test of proactive interference, the Memory Controllability Inventory, Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (Ability and Contentment subscales), Meta-Memory in Adulthood questionnaire (locus of control, anxiety, and capability subscales), and an in-house measure of the efficacy of the control program | Immediately post-training and three months post-training | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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recollection training, aging, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, fMRI