Influence of Kinesiology Taping Application on Severity of Signs and Symptoms in Breast Engorgement.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the research is to asses the efficacy of kinesiology taping application in breast engorgement in early postpartum stage. Kinesiology application will be performed by women's health physiotherapist. Patient's perceived improvement and milk outflow following application will be assessed.

Official Title
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Influence of Kinesiology Taping Application on Severity of Signs and Symptoms in Breast Engorgement at Early Lactation Stage.

Conditions
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Lactation Disorders

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Kinesiology taping application


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: cesarian section or vaginal delivery delivery between 37 and 41 gestational week signs and symptoms of breast engorgement (significant increase of breast between 2nd and 10th day postpartum, pain, obstructed milk outflow) VAS 4 and more volume of milk outflow less than 20ml 6 point self-rated engorgement scale between 3 and 6 Exclusion Criteria: age less than 18 and more than 45 patients after extensive surgical breast intervention or having breast implants allergy to kinesiology taping

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Standard care and Kinesiology taping Group<br>Application of elastic cotton strip with an acrylic adhesive that is used with the intent of treating pain and disability from athletic injuries and a variety of other physical disorders. | Other: Kinesiology taping application<br>* Application of elastic cotton strip with an acrylic adhesive that is used with the intent of treating pain and disability from athletic injuries and a variety of other physical disorders<br>|
| No Intervention: Standard care Group<br>Assistance in baby feeding, manual of device-assisted (lactator) milk expression, cold compress, ibuprofen, gentle breast massage, breathing and shoulder girdle exercise. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) change from baseline till 24 hours after intervention | Pain assesment by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS scale), range 0-10, higher numbers represents worse outcome. | assessment at the baseline 24 hours after intervention | 
| Human milk outflow change from baseline till 24 hours after intervention | Assesment of milk outflow based on infant body mass increase | assessment at the baseline and 24 hours after intervention | 
| 6 point self-rated breast engorgement scale | assesment of breast engorgement, range 1-6, higher values represent worse outcomes | assessment at the baseline | 
| 5 point perceived improvement scale | assessment of improvement of signs and symptoms of breast engorgement range 1-5, higher values represent worse outcomes | assessment 24 hours after intervention | 
| The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale | assessment of mother's attitude to breastfeeding | assessment at the baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) change from baseline till 3 hours after intervention | Pain assesment by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS scale), range from 0-10, higher numbers represents worse outcome. | assessment at the baseline 3 hours after intervention | 
| Human milk outflow change from baseline till 3 hours after intervention | Assesment of milk outflow based on infant body mass increase | assessment at the baseline and 3 hours after intervention | 
| 5 point perceived improvement scale | assessment of improvement of signs and symptoms of breast engorgement, range 1-5, higher values represent worse outcomes | assessment 3 hours after intervention |