Effect of Different Fiber Breakfasts on Appetite and Weight Change in Overweight Subjects

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Regular breakfast consumption may help lower body weight reduce body fatness and improve cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the best kind of breakfast to consume to achieve these effects is unclear. We hypothesized that a high fiber breakfast would suppress appetite, lower body weight and improve cardiovascular disease risk factors compared with a no-fiber breakfast.

Detailed Description
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Participants will report to the hospital cafeteria between 0800 and 0900h following an overnight fast every weekday for 4 consecutive weeks. On arrival, participants will be provided will the allocated breakfast and will be given 15 min to consume all the foods provided. The oatmeal breakfast will consist of 80g dry oatmeal (Quaker Quick Oats) prepared with 120mL fat-free milk and 230mL water. The frosted flakes breakfast will consist of 62g frosted flakes and 160mL whole milk and 190mL water served on the side. The No-breakfast (control) will consist of only 350mL plain water. All participants will also receive 200mL decaffeinated coffee with 12mL non-dairy creamer and 1g packet of non-caloric sweetener. On Friday of each week participants will be provided with two portions of the breakfasts to take home at consume on the weekend days. On the first day of the intervention and weekly thereafter participants will complete 3hr subjective appetite ratings responses to the breakfast. Laboratory assessments including body weight, composition, blood pressure and a fasting blood sample will be collected before the start of the intervention and at the end of the intervention.

Official Title
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The Effect of Ingesting Breakfasts Varying in Fiber on Appetite and Weight Change in Overweight Subjects

Conditions
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Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Oatmeal
* Dietary Supplement: Frosted Flakes
* Dietary Supplement: No Breakfast


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI >27kg/m2 Weight stable (<5% weight change in past 3 months) Exclusion Criteria: Smokers Regular use of medications Currently undertaking a weight-loss or exercise program Females who are pregnant or lactating

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Oatmeal Breakfast<br>Participants will consume oatmeal breakfast daily for 4 weeks | Dietary Supplement: Oatmeal<br>* A breakfast consisting of oatmeal<br>* Other names: Quaker Quick Oats;|
| Experimental: Frosted Flakes<br>Participants will consume a frosted flakes breakfast daily for 4-weeks | Dietary Supplement: Frosted Flakes<br>* A breakfast consisting of Frosted Flakes and milk<br>* Other names: Kelloggs Frosted Flakes;|
| Placebo Comparator: No Breakfast<br>Participants will consume no breakfast for a 4-week period | Dietary Supplement: No Breakfast<br>* A breakfast consisting of plain water<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in body weight | Body weight will be measured at baseline and following 4-week breakfast intervention | Change in body weight over 4 week intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Subjective appetite | Ratings of hunger and Fullness will be collected on a 6 point rating scale with 0 labelled not at all, 40 moderately, 60 quite, 80 very and 100 extremely. | Appetite ratings in response to breakfast will be collected for 3hs on the first day of the study and after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of the intervention | 
| Change in plasma metabolic risk factors | A fasting blood sample will be collected and analyzed for glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, leptin and cholesterol | At baseline and following 4-week intervention | 
| Resting Energy Expenditure | Resting energy expenditure measurements will be collected whilst subjects are fasting, resting in a semi-supine position under thermoneutral conditions with a ventilated hood and metabolic cart. | Resting energy expenditure will be measured at baseline and following the 4 week intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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breakfast, oatmeal, appetite, cholesterol