Application of Ultrasonic Gray-scale Ratio in Differentiating Benign From Malignant Thyroid Nodules.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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According to the grades of echogenicity to evulated thyroid nodules is a subjective process and is thus influenced by the observer's judgement. The investigators first proposed the ultrasound gray-scale ratio (UGSR) to explore its efficacy for differentiating papillary thyroid microcarcinomas from small nodular goiters.

Detailed Description
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Echogenicity is a common ultrasonic parameter to evaluate thyroid nodules. The echogenicity of the thyroid nodule was divided into 5 grades according to gray scale. Of the five categories, the diagnostic values of the hypoechoic and markedly hypoechoic categories have been widely accepted for thyroid malignant nodules. However, distinguishing between hypoechoic and markedly hypoechoic categories is a subjective process and is thus influenced by the observer's judgement. A more objective method should be proposed to differentiate papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC) from small nodular goiter(NG). The investigators suspect the echo intensity of nodules could be reflected by values, as CT values reflecting the nodule density. The investigators first proposed the ultrasound gray-scale ratio (UGSR), namely, the ratio of lesion gray-scale value to surrounding normal thyroid tissue, and the previous study showed UGSR can better display the relationship of gray scale of PTMC or NG with surrounding normal thyroid tissue, and can make objective judgment of the nodules through quantitative results. As the absolute ultrasound grayscale value is affected by the apparatus, scan gain, dynamic range, frequency, and operators. The investigators would collected different data acquired from different parameters to explore their potential relations.

Official Title
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Application of Ultrasonic Gray-scale Ratio in Differentiating Benign From Malignant Thyroid Nodules.

Conditions
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Thyroid Nodule

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: ultrasound gray-scale ratio


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients diagnosed as thyroid nodule. homo-echogenicity of normal thyroid tissue. able and willing to comply with all study requirements. Exclusion Criteria: nodules are mainly cystic or calcified. pathology confirmed Hashimoto's thyroiditis. unable or unwilling to comply with all study requirements.
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| pathologically results<br>finally proved by pathologically results | |
| evaluate by ultrasound gray-scale ratio<br>the results confirmed by the cut-off value of ultrasound gray-scale ratio | Diagnostic Test: ultrasound gray-scale ratio<br>* RADinfo radiograph reading system was used to measure the gray-scales of PTMC, NG, and thyroid tissues at the same gain level, the UGSR values of the PTMC, NG, and thyroid tissue were calculated.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The diagnostic value of UGSR in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules. | The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of UGSR in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules. | All the data will be uploaded in 1 year. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The best UGSR in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules. | The cut-off value of UGSR in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules. | All the data will be uploaded in 1 year. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Thyroid Nodule, differential diagnosis