Cyclosporine A Plus Low-steroid Treatment in COVID-19 Pneumonia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Methods: Single-center pilot study included PCR+ SARS-CoV2-patients, hospitalized from April to May 2020 in Puebla, Mexico. Comparative treatment with steroids plus CsA or steroids. Mild, moderate or severe pneumonia was measured by clinical, laboratory tests, lung damage score by computed tomography, and score for clinical improvement. Death rate was evaluated at 28 days.

Detailed Description
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This is a pilot study done in a single center (ISSSTE Regional Hospital, Puebla, Mexico). Consecutive patients with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were assigned, in an unblinded and non-randomized fashion, to receive either steroids plus CsA (intervention group) or steroids only (standard of treatment in this hospital, control group), as per individual clinical judgment. The primary outcome was the number of days to clinical improvement until hospital discharge or death. The secondary outcome was the improvement of patients, defined by the following parameters: lower oxygen requirements (2 liters per minute, or less), absence of fever by three consecutive days, respiratory rate <22, a decrease of 50% or more in the C reactive protein on admission, and length of hospital stay. Adult patients attending to the hospital between April 15, to May 31, 2020, fulfilling symptoms compatible with COVID-19 pneumonia, according to the WHO guidance, were invited to participate and all the patients gave their written informed consent.

Official Title
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Utility of Low Doses of Corticosteroids and Cyclosporine Combined With Enoxaparin, in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia at the ISSSTE Regional Hospital, Puebla, During the Contingency Period Due to the SARS-Cov2 Pandemic

Conditions
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COVID 19 Pneumonia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Cyclosporin A


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Confirmed COVID 19 pneumonia by clinical, lung computed Tomography and RT-PCR nasopharyngeal swabs. Exclusion Criteria: Influenza infection.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Consecutive patients with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were assigned, in an unblinded and non-randomized fashion, to receive either steroids plus CsA (intervention group) or steroids only (standard of treatment in this hospital, control group), as per individual clinical judgment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: COVID-19 Pneumonia control group<br>COVID-19 pneumonia patients with standar treatment: enoxaparin 0.5 mg/kg S.C. once, Clarithromycin 500 mg twice an metylprednisolone 0.5 mg/kg once endovenous. | Drug: Cyclosporin A<br>* COVID-19 pneumonia patients treated with oral CsA at a dose of 1-2 mg /kg / day divided into two doses, for 7 days, since entering to hospitalization.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of days to clinical improvement until hospital discharge or death. | Improvement of patients, defined by the following parameters: lower oxygen requirements (2 liters per minute, or less), absence of fever by three consecutive days, respiratory rate <22, a decrease of 50% or more in the C reactive protein on admission, and length of hospital stay. | 28 days. |