Evaluation of Adam's Forward Bend Test and Smartphone Application in Screening of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine when the Cobb´s angle more than 10˚ on the frontal plane. Curve detection before skeletal maturation gives a good opportunity for early treatment or prevention of curve progression. Purpose of this study was to evaluate Adam's Forward Bend Test and Scoliometer HD in screening of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Detailed Description
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The student was asked to stand erect, knees straight, feet at the same level and hands freely hanging. They was observed from the back for shoulders, pelvic, and knees level. Student was asked to bend forward with his knees straight, feet together and hands freely and loosely hanged(Forward Bend Test). Scoliosis was detected with rib cage rotation and hump appearance (positive test). Absence of hump appearance means negative test. After Forward Bend, the students were screened using the Scoliometer HD Application. The students were asked to bend forward with arms dangling and palms pressed together. The smart phone (Scoliometer HD) was placed on the student back with the central dark area in the application placed on the spinous processes of the lumber and thoracic regions to measure the angle of trunk rotation. Students with a scoliometer HD reading ≥7 degrees (≥20 ̊ Cobb's angle) were referred to orthopedic consultation and their parents were informed about the findings of the screening by the school manager and social worker. Then the data were collected for statistical analysis

Official Title
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Evaluation of Adam's Forward Bend Test and Smartphone Application in Screening of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Conditions
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Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age range from 10 to 15 year. Males ( parents of girls refused their participation). Students who have structural scoliosis. Exclusion Criteria: Congenital deformities. Neuromuscular disorder (Cerebral palsy and spinal muscle atrophy). Syndromic disorders (Muscular dystrophy, Osteogenesis imperfect and spinabifida).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 10 Years
Maximum Age: 15 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Appearance of hump measured by Forward Bend Test | Students were asked to bend forward with his knees straight, feet together and hands freely and loosely hanged. Scoliosis were detected with rib cage rotation and hump appearance (positive test). Absence of hump appearance means negative test. | 20 minutes | 
| Angle of trunk rotation (ATR) measured by Scoliometer HD application | The students were asked to bend forward with arms dangling and palms pressed together. The smart phone (Scoliometer HD) was placed on the student back with the central dark area in the application placed on the spinous processes of the lumber and thoracic regions to measure the angle of trunk rotation. | 20 minutes |