Feasibility of Whole-body Drumming Classes for People With Parkinson's Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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People with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience difficulty with gait, postural instability, and lack of movement coordination and rhythmic timing. Non-motor functions affected by PD include time perception, feelings of apathy, depression, decreased self-efficacy, and decrease self-reported quality of life. There is currently a lack of information on how a therapeutic drumming class that uses whole-body large-amplitude movements to music would impact these motor and non-motor impairments in individuals with PD. The primary purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of a 10-week whole-body drumming class to music specifically selected for its rhythmic structure, and effects on movement rhythm and time perception in individuals with PD. The secondary purpose is to assess the effects of the drumming class on apathy, depression, self-efficacy and health-related quality of life. Participants will be included if they have a diagnosis of PD and are able to move for an hour with rests, either standing or seated. Participants are tested before and after the class series and one month following.

Official Title
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Feasibility and Effects of Whole-body Drumming Classes on Walking in People With Parkinson's Disease: a Pilot Study

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: diagnosed with PD independent walking short community and household distances with or without assistive device able to participate in a 1-hour class once a week for ten weeks Exclusion Criteria: change of Parkinson's medication or deep brain stimulation parameters within 2 weeks prior to or during the study inability to grasp 2-inch diameter drum sticks any conditions with contraindications to lift upper extremities overhead any medical restrictions to exercise

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 21 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: single group, pre- post-test design
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Single Group<br>A single group of subjects with pretest, posttest, and one-month follow-up testing relative to 10-week drumming exercise classes | Other: exercise<br>* 10 weekly hour-long classes of drumming to music using large-amplitude, whole-body movements<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Step Cadence Variability | Variability (SD) of step cadence | within 7 days before the intervention | 
| Step Cadence Variability | Variability (SD) of step cadence | within 7 days after intervention | 
| Step Cadence Variability | Variability (SD) of step cadence | 1-month following intervention | 
| Stride Length Variability | Variability (SD) of stride length | within 7 days before the intervention | 
| Stride Length Variability | Variability (SD) of stride length | within 7 days after intervention | 
| Stride Length Variability | Variability (SD) of stride length | 1-month following intervention | 
| Change in repeated finger-tapping | change in inter-tapping intervals (ms) change from pre- to post-intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| Change in repeated finger-tapping | change in inter-tapping intervals (ms) change from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and 1-month following end of intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Nine-hole peg test (NHP) duration (s) | change in speed of manual dexterity (s on NHP) from pre- to post-intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| Change in Nine-hole peg test (NHP) duration (s) | change in speed of manual dexterity (s on NHP) from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention, and 1-month following intervention | 
| Change in Physical Performance Test (PPT) score | change in whole-body functional mobility (PPT score; 0-36; higher is better) from pre- to post-intervention. | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| Change in Physical Performance Test (PPT) score | change in whole-body functional mobility (PPT score; 0-36; higher is better) from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention, and 1-month following intervention | 
| Change in Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) | change in disease-related quality of life (PDQ-39 score; 0-100, lower is better with improved quality of life) from pre- to post-intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| Change in Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) | change in disease-related quality of life (PDQ-39 score; 0-100, lower is better with improved quality of life) from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention, and 1-month following intervention | 
| Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) | change in depression (GDS score; 0-15, higher is worse with more depression) from pre- to post-intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) | change in depression (GDS score; 0-15, higher is worse with more depression) from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention, and 1-month following intervention | 
| General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE) | change in self-efficacy (GSE score; 10-40, higher is better with more self-efficacy) from pre- to post-intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE) | change in self-efficacy (GSE score; 10-40, higher is better with more self-efficacy) from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention, and 1-month following intervention | 
| Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS) | change in apathy (LARS score; -36 to +36, lower is better with less apathy) from pre- to post-intervention | within 7 days before the intervention and within 7 days after intervention | 
| Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS) | change in apathy (LARS score; -36 to +36, lower is better with less apathy) from pre- to 1-month following end of intervention | within 7 days before the intervention, and 1-month following intervention |