Does Meal Timing Affect Energy Expenditure

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to find out if meal timing affects calories burned and blood sugar levels.

Detailed Description
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10 overweight adult men and women will eat according to two different eating schedules: grazing and time-restricting feeding (early eating). While on each eating schedule, metabolism (calories burned) will be measured during a 24-hour stay in a respiratory chamber. Glucose levels-as well as key diurnal rhythms such in heart rate-will also be measured continuously. This study requires two 1-week periods of participation.

Official Title
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Does Meal Timing Affect Energy Expenditure

Conditions
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Meal Timing

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Grazing
* Behavioral: Time-restricted feeding (early eating)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Are 20-45 years of age Have a weight between 150 and 220 lbs Have a body mass index between 25 and 35 kg/m2 inclusive (a number calculated from your height and weight) If you are a female, have a regular menstrual cycle that is between 25 and 35 days long If you are female, had your period within the last 35 days Regularly go to sleep between 9:30 pm and 12:00 am Regularly eat dinner 9 or more hours after eating breakfast Are willing to have about 2/3 cup of your blood stored for future research related to this study Exclusion Criteria: Have diabetes or are on anti-diabetes medication Suffer from significant cardiovascular, renal (kidney), cardiac (heart), liver, lung or nervous system disease Have stomach or intestinal problems Regularly use medications such as steroids, beta blockers, adrenergic-stimulating agents, and laxatives Take any medications or supplements known to affect sleep, circadian rhythms, or metabolism (with the exception that certain forms of birth control are allowed) Have abnormal lab work that is clinically significant in the opinion of the study physician Are pregnant or lactating Take the Depo Provera shot, or use an Interuterine Device (IUD) or hormone patch for birth control If you are on hormonal birth control, have been on a stable dose for less than 3 months Have smoked or used nicotine/tobacco products within the last 3 months Regularly do competitive sport training Perform overnight shift work an average of one or more times per week Have an irregular sleep schedule Have an irregular eating schedule Regularly drink 3 or more drinks of alcohol per day Are not able or are unwilling to eat only the food and drink served to you by Pennington Biomedical, while in the study Are not able or are unwilling to refrain from strenuous exercise while participating in the study Are not able to spend 2 separate full days (for about 25 hours each) at Pennington Biomedical Are not able to maintain a consistent sleep schedule while participating in the study Are not able to maintain a consistent eating schedule while participating in the study Are not able to stop drinking coffee and other caffeine-containing drinks on the day of and day prior to testing

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Grazing<br>Participants will eat meals spread over the course of the day (grazing). | Behavioral: Grazing<br> <br> |
| Experimental: Time-restricted feeding (early eating)<br>Participants will eat meals only in the early part of the day (early lunch and very early dinner). | Behavioral: Time-restricted feeding (early eating)<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Energy expenditure (calories burned) |  | 2 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood sugar levels |  | 2 days |