Age Stereotype Priming and Social Participation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Memory performance is shown to be affected by age stereotypes among older adults. The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of age stereotype primes on episodic memory using priming intervention. The moderating effects of social participation is also examined.

Detailed Description
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All participants are community-dwelling older adults residing in Hong Kong. They are invited to review their social participation profile and given a brief psycho-education about memory. They are then randomly allocated to one of the two following conditions. Participants are primed either with age stereotypes or non-age stereotypes words by implicit priming intervention in the context of a reaction task prior to the episodic memory tasks. Other measures such as demographic variables and social participation rate are collected by questionnaire during the delayed recall interval.

Official Title
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Age Stereotype Priming and Moderating Effects of Social Participation

Conditions
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Aging Well, Memory Loss

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Age-related stereotyping priming
* Other: Non age-related stereotype priming


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Indication of largely normal cognitive functioning as screened on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with Hong Kong norms - Exclusion Criteria: Sensory deficits and evidence of cognitive impairment as screened on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with Hong Kong norms -

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 55 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Age-related priming<br>Participants received a review of the profile of their social participation. They also received psycho-education about memory components. They were give given memory tests with age-related primes. | Other: Age-related stereotyping priming<br>* The priming intervention was performed using the E-prime 2.0 software (Psychology Software Tools, Pittsburgh, PA). To ensure the primes flashed on screen were beyond awareness, the similar adjustment procedure was taken (see Levy, 1996; Stein et al., 2002). After the trial block, participants were asked to try to report any words viewed during each trial. The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) will be reduced or enhanced whenever 2 words or above were correctly reported or no single word could be reported respectively. The priming SOA for this study ranged from 32 ms to 208 ms (M = 98.70 ms. SD = 48.60).<br>|
| Active Comparator: Non-age related priming<br>Participants received a review of the profile of their social participation. They also received psycho-education about memory components. They were give given memory tests with NON age-related primes. | Other: Non age-related stereotype priming<br>* he priming intervention was performed using the E-prime 2.0 software (Psychology Software Tools, Pittsburgh, PA). To ensure the primes flashed on screen were beyond awareness, the similar adjustment procedure was taken (see Levy, 1996; Stein et al., 2002). After the trial block, participants were asked to try to report any words viewed during each trial. The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) will be reduced or enhanced whenever 2 words or above were correctly reported or no single word could be reported respectively. The priming SOA for this study ranged from 32 ms to 208 ms (M = 98.70 ms. SD = 48.60).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hong Kong List Learning Test | The Hong Kong List Learning is a validated tool for assessing episodic memory for aged Chinese speaking adults (Chan, 2006). It was further taken for investigating differences among older adults with normal cognitive ability and older adults with mild cognitive impairment (Yeung et al., 2016). The random control list was taken in this study. It comprises 16 words formed by four categories: | Change from baseline through study completion, an average of 2 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Age stereotypes, episodic memory, social participation