Nab-Paclitaxel and Bevacizumab or Ipilimumab as First-Line Therapy in Treating Patients With Stage IV Melanoma That Cannot Be Removed by Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This randomized phase II trial studies how well nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab or ipilimumab works as first-line therapy in treating patients with stage IV melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as nab-paclitaxel, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Bevacizumab may stop the growth of tumor cells by binding to a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and by preventing the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. Ipilimumab blocks a substance called cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) on the surface of T cells and may help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is not yet known whether nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab is more effective than ipilimumab in treating melanoma.

Detailed Description
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PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To assess whether the combination nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab (AB) prolongs progression-free status relative to ipilimumab as a treatment in patients with unresectable stage IV melanoma. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To estimate the hazard of death among those randomized to AB then ipilimumab relative to those randomized to ipilimumab then AB as treatment in patients with unresectable stage IV melanoma. II. To assess whether tumor response rate (as determined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] criteria 1.1) differs with respect to first (1st) treatment course. III. To estimate whether the tumor response rate differs with respect to second (2nd) treatment course for those who progressed during their first treatment course. IV. To further examine the safety profile of each of these regimens. CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES: I. To examine the pharmacokinetics of nab-paclitaxel when combined with bevacizumab therapy. II. To examine pharmacodynamic changes of blood-derived parameters (biomarkers) of angiogenesis and immunity as a function of therapy. III. To examine whether changes in serum biomarkers are also seen in the tumor. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. ARM A: Patients receive bevacizumab intravenously (IV) over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15 and nab-paclitaxel IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients experiencing progressive disease may cross-over to Arm B within 2-4 weeks. ARM B: Patients receive ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients experiencing progressive disease may cross-over to Arm A within 2-4 weeks. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for up to 5 years.

Official Title
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Randomized Phase II Study of AB (Nab-Paclitaxel [Abraxane?], Bevacizumab) Versus Ipilimumab for Therapy of Unresectable Stage IV Metastatic Malignant Melanoma

Conditions
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Metastatic Melanoma, Mucosal Melanoma, Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7, Stage IV Uveal Melanoma AJCC v7, Unresectable Melanoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Biological: Bevacizumab
* Biological: Ipilimumab
* Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
* Drug: Nab-paclitaxel
* Other: Pharmacological Study


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Histologic or cytologic proof of surgically unresectable stage IV malignant melanoma - including that of uveal and mucosal origin Note: biopsy can be of locoregional disease in setting of clinically evident stage IV disease; a biopsy of the primary tumor alone does not fulfill this requirement No more than 2 prior courses of systemic therapy for metastatic melanoma For patients with metastatic melanoma not of uveal origin, v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) V600 mutation determination using a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-approved testing method on metastatic tumor tissue NOTE: patients with metastatic melanoma of uveal origin do not need to have formal BRAF testing due to low probability of a BRAF V600 mutation in their metastatic tumor Measurable disease; note: disease that is measurable by physical examination only is not eligible Life expectancy of >= 4 months Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0 or 1 Absolute neutrophil count >=1500/mL (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization) Platelet count >= 100,000 x 10^9/L (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization) Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization) (patients may be transfused to meet this requirement) Creatinine =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization); institutional norms are acceptable Total bilirubin =< 1.5 mg/dL (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization) (exception: patients with documented Gilbert?s syndrome are allowed to participate despite elevated bilirubin) Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) =< 2.5 x ULN and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) =< 2.5 x ULN (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization) Alkaline phosphatase =< 2.5 x ULN (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization); if bone metastasis is present in the absence of liver metastasis then =< 5 x ULN Urine dipstick for proteinuria < 2+ (obtained =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization) (patients discovered to have >= 2+ proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo a 24 hour urine collection and must demonstrate =< 1 g of protein in 24 hours to be eligible) Negative serum pregnancy test done =< 7 days prior to registration/randomization, for women of childbearing potential only Note: Females: adequate contraception must be used by both patient and partner while receiving study drug and for 12 weeks after the last dose of study drug Males: adequate contraception must be used by both patient and partner while receiving study drug; men who have a partner of childbearing age should also avoid fathering a child for 6 months after the last dose of study drug Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document Mayo Rochester patients only: willingness to provide mandatory blood samples for research purposes Exclusion Criteria: Brain metastases per magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) Note: patients who have had therapy for brain metastasis (i.e., surgical resection, whole brain radiation, or stereotactic radiosurgery [SRS] even if stable) are not eligible Other investigational agents =< 4 weeks prior to registration/ randomization Anti-cancer therapy (including immunotherapy) =< 4 weeks prior to registration/randomization; exception: adjuvant Leukine =< 14 days prior to registration/randomization Prior treatment in the adjuvant or metastatic setting with any of the following: Agents disrupting VEGF activity or targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR); Ipilimumab; Or taxane based chemotherapy regimens (including paclitaxel, docetaxel, cabazitaxel or nab-paclitaxel) Major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury =< 4 weeks prior to registration/randomization; (port-a-cath placement does not count as a major surgical procedure and patients can be enrolled at any time after placement) Fine needle aspirations or core biopsies =< 7 days prior to registration/ randomization Planned/or anticipated major surgical procedure during the course of the study Other medical conditions including but not limited to: History of liver disease such as cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis, chronic persistent hepatitis or hepatitis B or C Active infection requiring parenteral antibiotics Poorly controlled high blood pressure (>= 150 mmHg systolic and/or 100 mmHg diastolic) despite treatment New York Heart Association class II-IV congestive heart failure Serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication Myocardial infarction or unstable angina =< 6 months prior to registration/randomization Clinically significant peripheral vascular disease Deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolus =< 1 year of registration/randomization Ongoing need for full-dose oral or parenteral anticoagulation Ongoing anti-platelet treatment other than low-dose aspirin (i.e., aspirin 81 mg by mouth daily) Active bleeding or pathological conditions that carry high risk of bleeding (e.g., known esophageal varices, etc.) Serious, non-healing wound (including wounds healing by secondary intention), ulcer or bone fracture History of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation or intra-abdominal abscess =< 6 months prior to registration/randomization History of central nervous system (CNS) disease (e.g., vascular abnormalities, etc.), clinically significant stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) =< 6 months prior to registration/randomization, seizures not controlled with standard medical therapy Radiographically documented tumor invading major blood vessels History of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy Any of the following: Pregnant women Nursing women Men and women of reproductive potential who are not using effective birth control methods Note: women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test =< 7 days prior to registration/randomization; adequate contraception must be used while receiving study drug and for 12 weeks after the last dose of study drug, by both women and men and by both patient and partner; men who have a partner of childbearing potential should also avoid fathering a child for 6 months after the last dose of study drug Existence of peripheral sensory neuropathy >= grade 2 (from any cause) History of other malignancy =< 5 years with the exception of basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, treated with local resection only, or carcinoma in situ (e.g. of the cervix, breast, prostate, etc.) Radiation therapy (other than palliative) =< 2 weeks prior to randomization; note: patients who have had > 25% of their functional bone marrow irradiated are not eligible for this trial Active or recent history of hemoptysis (>= 1/2 teaspoon of bright red blood per episode) =< 30 days prior to registration/randomization Known hypersensitivity to any of the components of ipilimumab, bevacizumab, or nab-paclitaxel History of inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn?s, ulcerative colitis) - note patients with irritable bowel syndrome are eligible Diagnosis of autoimmune disease (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], autoimmune vasculitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, etc.), regardless if patient is currently receiving treatment at time of registration/randomization Systemic corticosteroids use =< 2 weeks, regardless of indication; note: patients who are on inhaled corticosteroids are eligible

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Arm A (bevacizumab and nab-paclitaxel)<br>Patients receive bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15 and nab-paclitaxel IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients experiencing progressive disease may cross-over to Arm B within 2-4 weeks. | Biological: Bevacizumab<br>* Given IV<br>* Other names: rhuMab-VEGF;Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis<br>* Correlative studies<br>Drug: Nab-paclitaxel<br>* Given IV<br>* Other names: Protein-bound Paclitaxel;Other: Pharmacological Study<br>* Correlative studies<br>|
| Experimental: Arm B (ipilimumab)<br>Patients receive ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients experiencing progressive disease may cross-over to Arm A within 2-4 weeks. | Biological: Ipilimumab<br>* Given IV<br>* Other names: Yervoy;Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis<br>* Correlative studies<br>Other: Pharmacological Study<br>* Correlative studies<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Progression-free Survival (PFS) | Progression free survival (PFS) is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of disease progression or death resulting from any cause, whichever comes first. Progression is defined according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. The median and 95% confidence intervals are estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1), as at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions. | From randomization to the earliest documentation of progression as defined by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria (version 1.1) or death from any cause without the documentation of progression, assessed up to 4 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Overall Survival (OS) | Overall survival time is defined as the time from randomization to death due to any cause. The median and 95% confidence intervals are estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. | From registration to death due to any cause, assessed up to 4 years | 
| Number of Patients With Tumor Response | Tumor response defined as complete or partial response using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. Complete response (CR): Disappearance of all evidence of disease, Partial response (PR): Regression of measurable disease and no new sites. | Up to 4 years | 
| The Number of Patients Who Experienced Toxicity | The number of patients who experienced toxicity (grade 3 or higher adverse events considered at least possibly related to treatment) are reported below. | Up to 4 years |