Impact of Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy on Postnatal Surfactant Use in Preterm Infants

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
No study has shown that two doses of corticosteroids are more effective than a single dose in lung maturation and prevention of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the number of doses on the severity of HMD.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), formerly known as hyaline membrane disease, is a common problem in preterm infants. This disorder is caused primarily by deficiency of pulmonary surfactant in an immature lung. RDS is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Surfactant therapy has been shown to significantly reduce neonatal and infant mortality. Corticosteroids are given antenatal, and then surfactant is given, along with corticosteroids, postnatal. A single course of corticosteroids is recommended for pregnant women between 24 weeks and 34 weeks of gestation who are at risk of preterm delivery within 7 days, including those with ruptured membranes and multiple pregnancies. Betamethasone is recommended as the steroid of choice, to be administered in two doses of 12 mg given intramuscularly 24 hours apart.

Official Title
-----------------
Impact of the Number of Doses of Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy on the Number of Doses of Surfactants Postnatal in Preterm Infants

Conditions
-----------------
Hyaline Membrane Disease (HMD)

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Impact of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on surfactants use postnatal


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Preterm infants ≤ 37 SA Hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2018 and December 2019 Having received at least one dose of corticosteroids antenatal Exclusion Criteria: Parental Opposition Congenital malformations that may cause neonatal respiratory distress.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Maximum Age: 37 Weeks

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Impact of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on surfactants use postnatal<br>Intervention Description: Retrospective study on preterm infants to evaluate the impact of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on surfactants use postnatal | Other: Impact of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on surfactants use postnatal<br>* Intervention Description: Retrospective study on preterm infants to evaluate the impact of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on surfactants use postnatal<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Assessment of the effect of a full course of antenatal corticosteroid therapy versus a half course on the number of postnatal surfactant doses in preterm infants. | Comparison of the number of doses of surfactants administered postnatal in preterm infants who received 2 doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy versus those who received a single dose | At the end of the study, an average of 2 month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Assessment of the influence of gestational age on the severity of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) | Radiological stage of HMD according to gestational age : Stage 1 : reticulo-granular appearance / borderline normal imaging of the lung, Stage 2 : diffuse reticulo-granular appearance / Visible mediastinal borders Stage 3 : global decrease in lung transparency / Bronchogram aerial / Blurred mediastinal borders Stage 4 : white lungs | At the end of the study, an average of 2 month | 
| Assessment of the influence of the cause of prematurity on the severity of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) | Radiological stage of HMD according to cause of prematurity : Stage 1 : reticulo-granular appearance / borderline normal imaging of the lung, Stage 2 : diffuse reticulo-granular appearance / Visible mediastinal borders Stage 3 : global decrease in lung transparency / Bronchogram aerial / Blurred mediastinal borders Stage 4 : white lungs | At the end of the study, an average of 2 month | 
| Assessment of the impact of the number of doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on the use of postnatal corticosteroid therapy | Prevalence of postnatal corticosteroid therapy by number of doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy | At the end of the study, an average of 2 month | 
| Assessment of the impact of the number of doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on the prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia | Prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as a function of the number of doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy | At the end of the study, an average of 2 month | 
| Assessment of the impact of the number of doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on the severity of intraventricular hemorrhage | Stage of intraventricular hemorrhage on transfontanellar ultrasound (FET) according to the number of doses of antenatal corticosteroid therapy : Stage 1 : Germline or subependymal hemorrhage (SEH), Stage 2 : Ventricular hemorrhage Stage 3 : Ventriculomegaly (VM) Stage 4 : Hemorrhage in the brain parenchyma | At the end of the study, an average of 2 month | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Corticosteroid therapy, Surfactants, Preterm infants