DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic challenging health systems worldwide. While there is a clear correlation between oxidative stress markers and the severity of many viral diseases such as hepatitis C, for SARS-CoV clinical data is limited. The investigators aim at 1.) investigating DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging markers in COVID-19 patients and compare them with age and gender matched healthy controls and patients with influenza; and 2.) investigating all aforementioned parameters during cytokine storm via repeated blood sampling.

Official Title
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DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Compared to Healthy Controls: A Case-control Study

Conditions
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Covid19

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: No intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Covid 19 group: Inclusion Criteria: gender: female/male age: ≥40 years patients admitted at the emergency department COVID-19 suspected patients able to give written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: children (≤ 18 years) and adults 19-39 years not hospitalized, but confirmed COVID-19 patients (outpatients) patients without definitive COVID-19 confirmation Control group: Inclusion criteria: gender: female/male age: ≥40 years absence of severe illnesses/serious diseases able to give written informed consent Exclusion criteria: children (≤ 18 years) and adults 19-39years any current or past clinically significant pathology/disease (comorbidity) such as: Malignancies Cardiovascular diseases Diabetes mellitus (I and II) Obesity class III (BMI >40) Other severe diseases (e.g. renal, hepatic, thyroid disease, bone metabolic diseases, rheumatoid osteoarthritis, human immunodeficiency syndrome, …) Influenza group: Inclusion criteria: gender: female/male age: ≥40 years patients admitted at the emergency department influenza suspected patients able to give written informed consent Exclusion criteria: children (≤ 18 years) and adults 19-39 years patients without definitive influenza confirmation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Covid-19<br>Covid-19 patients | Other: No intervention<br>* Case-control design, one single investigation<br>|
| Influenza<br>Influenza patients | Other: No intervention<br>* Case-control design, one single investigation<br>|
| Cotrol<br>Control group | Other: No intervention<br>* Case-control design, one single investigation<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| DNA damage | Compare DNA damage (% of DNA in the tail; measured by the comet assay) between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The investigators will consider further DNA damage parameter | Compare other DNA damage endpoints measured with the comet assay (i.e. tail length, tail moment and damage index) between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 
| The investigators will consider oxidative stress marker | Compare oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde, FRAP, GSH, GSSG (all µmol/L) and the ration GSH/GSSG between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 
| The investigators will consider inflammatory marker | Compare inflammatory marker Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha (all rfU) and CRP (mg/dl) between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 
| The investigators will consider the phenotypic age marker | Compare the phenotypic age marker between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 
| The investigators will consider RDA and DNA gene expression | Compare RNA and DNA gene expression between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 
| The investigators will consider clinical biochemistry marker | Compare clinical biochemistry (Total cholesterol (mg/dl), LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl), triglycerides (mg/dl), blood glucose (mg/dl), uric acid (mg/dl)) between hospitalized COVID-19 patients to influenza patients and healthy controls. | Baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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DNA damage, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation