Validation of the Hospital Frailty Score in France

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Older people are increasing users of health care globally. Constraints in bed capacity and resources raise important challenges with regards to management of older people with complex needs, which usually require assertive and holistic assessment. It is important, therefore, to identify aged patients most likely to benefit from such frailty-attuned approaches of care. A previous study using national Hospital Episodes Statistics conducted in the United Kingdom (UK) showed that patients aged over 75 years with characteristics of frailty and at risk of adverse health-care outcomes can be identified using routinely collected data (Gilbert T et al., Lancet 2018). This study lead to the development of the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS), which is based on International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10 (ICD-10) diagnosis codes and has the potential to be used in other countries worldwide, using the ICD-10 coding framework, to identify patients at risk of frailty at the hospital and commissioners levels, as well as for database research purposes. This score has successfully been validated in Canada, Australia and Switzerland. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the ability of the HFRS to predict 30-day in-patient mortality of patients aged 75 years and older admitted to French hospitals as an emergency.

Official Title
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Validation of the Hospital Frailty Risk Score in Combination With Charlson/Elixhauser Comorbidity Coding Algorithms on French Hospital Databases

Conditions
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Elderly, Emergency Hospitalization, Frailty

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: None (retrospective observational study)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age 75 years or over (on the day of the index admission) hospitalized as an emergency (i.e. after visit to ED) Exclusion Criteria: none

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients aged 75 years and older hospitalized as an emergency<br>Patients considered will be all patients aged 75 years and older (on the day of the index admission) hospitalized as an emergency (i.e. after visit to ED) between january 2017 and december 2017. | Other: None (retrospective observational study)<br>* This multi-centric retrospective observational cohort study is conducted using the PMSI. Predictive ability of HFRS estimated on the basis of 3 binary outcomes: 30-day in-patient mortality (main outcome), 30-day emergency and potentially avoidable readmission, length of stay >15 days. Odds ratios (ORs) and c-statistics calculated and compared to the original UK results in order to validate the use of the HFRS in France. Other secondary objectives include: Evaluate agreement between HFRS and Charlson or Elixhauser comorbidity indices Evaluate ability of HFRS combined with comorbidity indices (Charlson on one hand, and Elixhauser on other hand), to predict 30-day in-patient mortality, 30-day emergency and potentially avoidable readmissions, and long length of stay Identify specific risk associations in France of a high risk of frailty (as assessed by the HFRS) with individual, organizational and territorial factors<br>* Other names: Validation of the HFRS in Combination With Charlson/Elixhauser Comorbidity Coding Algorithms on the French national PMSI database;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 30-day in-patient mortality | The main outcome measure will be 30-day in-patient mortality. Mortality data will be limited to in-hospital mortality, which will be directly available from the PMSI database. | In-patient mortality within 30 days from admission (index hospitalization) |