Protein Ingestion Timing on Body Composition and Biochemical Markers in Resistance-trained Males

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Protein ingestion timing is an important component for muscle accretion. We hypothesized that protein ingestion timing could affect muscular adaptations and performance in resistance-trained men.

Official Title
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Comparison of Protein Ingestion Timing on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Biochemical Markers in Resistance-trained Males

Conditions
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Hypertrophy, Physical Performance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: isolate whey protein prior to and immediately after resistance training
* Dietary Supplement: isolate whey protein 3 hours prior to and 3 hours after resistance training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: performing resistance training at least three times a week for 1 year prior to the start of the study not taking any steroids or any illegal agents known to increase muscle size for at least 1 year prior to the start of the study no known medical issues sleeping for at least seven to eight hours during the 24-hour day Exclusion Criteria: non-willingness to continue protein ingestion or exercise protocols participation in exercise other than the prescribed resistance training program consumption of dietary supplement (other than the protein intervention) during the study period Missing more than one resistance training session or protein ingestion throughout the study period

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Protein ingestion immediately prior to and immediately after resistance training<br>This arm involved protein ingestion immediately prior to and immediately after resistance training for 12 weeks. Participants will consume 40 g of isolate whey protein at their recommended timing. | Dietary Supplement: isolate whey protein prior to and immediately after resistance training<br>* This arm involved protein ingestion immediately prior to and immediately after resistance training for 12 weeks. Participants will consume 40 g of isolate whey protein at their recommended timing.<br>|
| Experimental: Protein ingestion 3 hours prior to and 3 hours after resistance training<br>This arm involved protein ingestion 3 hours prior to and 3 hours after resistance training for 12 weeks. Participants will consume 40 g of isolate whey protein at their recommended timing. | Dietary Supplement: isolate whey protein 3 hours prior to and 3 hours after resistance training<br>* This arm involved protein ingestion 3 hours prior to and 3 hours after resistance training for 12 weeks. Participants will consume 40 g of isolate whey protein at their recommended timing.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Body Composition | Total Lean mass, fat mass, and estimated VAT (g) will be assessed using whole-body DXA | 12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Muscular Strength | Using 1 repetition maximum | 12 weeks | 
| Muscular Endurance | Using leg- and chest press exercises at 75% of the 1-RM | 12 weeks | 
| Jump testing | Using the vertical and broad jump tests | 12 weeks | 
| Pull-ups | Using the pull-up test | 12 weeks | 
| Liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT) | Using Fasting blood samples | 12 weeks | 
| Creatinine and Urea Nitrogen | Urine samples will be collected using standard procedures | 12 weeks | 
| Cholesterol Levels | Using Fasting blood samples | 12 weeks |