Behavioral Processes Underlying Reward Processing in Depression

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this project is to use behavioral techniques to investigate emotional processing in subjects with major depression and healthy comparison subjects.

Detailed Description
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A promising strategy for parsing the heterogeneity of Major Depressive Disorder is to identify phenotypes characterized by reliable functional abnormalities. Anhedonia, the lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli, is considered a trait marker for depression. Using an objective behavioral task this project aims to investigate hedonic capacity in subjects meeting a DSM-IV diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder.

Official Title
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Behavioral Processes Underlying Reward Processing in Depression

Conditions
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Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Depressed participants: Right-handed DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD Score of at least 17 on the 21-item HAM-D scale Absence of any psychotropic medications for at least 2 weeks (6 months for dopaminergic drugs (including methylphenidate), 6 weeks for fluoxetine, and 4 weeks for neuroleptics and benzodiazepines because of longer half-lives.) No current or past history of MDD with psychotic features Absence of any other Axis I or Axis II diagnosis (Including bipolar disorder and current or lifetime history of alcohol or substance abuse or dependence.) Particularly, subjects with a history of alcoholism and substance abuse will be excluded, since dopaminergic alterations have been reported in these conditions. Exclusion of patients with comorbid Axis I or Axis II diagnoses will be necessary as evidence exists of alteration in dopamine receptor density in detached personality and social phobia. The alteration of dopamine in the brain may in turn alter behavior. Absence of significant medical conditions Absence of ECT in the previous 6 months Ability to provide informed consent/authorization Bipolar participants: Both genders and all ethnic origins Age between 18 and 64 Right-handed DSM-IV diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder I or II Score of at least 17 on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) Absence of any psychotropic medications for at least 2 weeks (6 months for dopaminergic drugs (including methylphenidate), 6 weeks for fluoxetine, and 4 weeks for neuroleptics and benzodiazepines because of longer half-lives.) No current or past history of MDD with psychotic features Absence of any other Axis I or Axis II diagnosis (Including current or lifetime history of alcohol or substance abuse or dependence.) Particularly, subjects with a history of alcoholism and substance abuse will be excluded. Absence of significant medical conditions Absence of ECT in the previous 6 months Ability to provide informed consent/authorization Control Participants: Right-handed Absence of medical, neurological, and psychiatric illness (including alcohol and substance abuse), as assessed by the SCID Absence of any medications for at least 2 weeks Informed consent/authorization Exclusion Criteria: Left-handed/ambidextrous Evidence of neurological illness Current alcohol or substance abuse Serious suicide or homicide risk

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 64 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Reward Processing