Gastric Ultrasound for Preoperative Assessment of Gastric Content in Diabetic Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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ASA fasting guidelines are only applicable to healthy elective surgery patients. Measuring gastric volume now is not easy, and scintigraphy has remained the gold standard technique for many years. This prospective observational study aim to explore the gastric emptying of type 2 diabetic patients.

Detailed Description
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ASA fasting guidelines are only applicable to healthy elective surgery patients. Measuring gastric volume now is not easy, and scintigraphy has remained the gold standard technique for many years. Ultrasound has progressively emerged as a useful substitute due to its reduced cost and ease of performance. Using gastric ultrasound measure gastric antrum cross-sectional area to determine whether patients are empty stomach, help anesthesiologists in preoperative evaluation of diabetic patients with the risk of aspiration, so as to guide the anesthesiologist take effective interventions, this prospective observational study aim to explore the gastric emptying of type 2 diabetic patients.

Official Title
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Bedside Gastric Ultrasound for Preoperative Assessment of Gastric Content in Diabetic Patients Following ASA Fasting Guidelines

Conditions
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Aspiration Pneumonia, Gastric Volume

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Ultrasound


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Ages >18 years old Diabetes (I or II) Following American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) fasting guidelines before surgery Undergoing general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant Gastric Intestinal Tract (GIT) diseases or surgeries affect gastric emptying Diagnosed with liver dysfunction or renal insufficiency Patients who are unable to cooperate or understand the process

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Diabetic patients<br>Diagnosed as diabetes | Device: Ultrasound<br>* Use ultrasound to assess gastric contents in diabetic patients before anesthesia<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gastric contents | using ultrasound to evaluate antral cross-sectional area | before anesthesia | 
| Risk factors | by analysisng full stomach of patients to find risk factors | before anesthesia | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Perlas grading scale | This is a 3-point grading system (grades 0, 1, and 2) based exclusively on qualitative sonographic assessment of the gastric antrum.If a patient's antrum appears empty in both supine and right lateral positions (grade 0), it is likely truly empty. If it appears only mildly distended in the right lateral decubitus position, but not in the supine position (grade 1), the patient likely has a very small volume of gastric fluid within the limits of what is known to be safe. An antrum that is distended in both supine and right lateral decubitus positions (grade 2) denotes a gastric fluid volume beyond the limits of what is considered safe. | before anesthesia |