Efficiency of Different Modes of Universal Adhesive

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of a Universal adhesive's different application modes.

Detailed Description
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Class 2 composite restorations will be placed using a bulk-fill composite resin restorative on two posterior teeth with proximal caries, in a split mouth design. 25 patients will be included in the study. The teeth will be randomized into two groups according to the application mode of universal adhesive material. Group 1: the universal adhesive will be used in etch-and-rinse mode Group 2: the universal adhesive will be used in self-etch mode. The US Public Health Service criteria (secondary caries, anatomical form, surface roughness, marginal integrity, marginal discoloration and retention) will be used for clinical evaluation of atraumatic resin restorations. The restorations will be evaluated at baseline and 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th months. Intra-oral photos will be taken directly after treatment and at control appointments to evaluate discoloration and seconder caries under magnification. The data will be analysed statistically using Fisher's Exact Test; and the Kaplan-Meier and Wilcoxon method will be used to estimate survival percentages.

Official Title
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Clinical Evaluation of Universal Adhesive's Different Application Modes

Conditions
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Adhesion, Dental Caries

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Self-etch
* Device: Total-etch


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: a need for at least two but not more than four posterior tooth-colored restorations the presence of teeth to be restored in occlusion teeth that were symptomless and vital a normal periodontal status a good likelihood of recall availability. Exclusion Criteria: partly erupted teeth absence of adjacent and antagonist teeth poor periodontal status adverse medical history potential behavioral problems

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Self-etch<br>Self-etch mode of the universal adhesive will be used | Device: Self-etch<br>* Universal adhesive with self-etch mode<br>|
| Active Comparator: Total-etch<br>Total etch mode of the universal adhesive will be used | Device: Total-etch<br>* Universal adhesive with total-etch mode<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Marginal adaptation | Observers will evaluate the restorations will be performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding marginal adaptation. Marginal adaptation will evaluated by 2 independent clinicians. Visual inspection with a mirror at 18 inches will be performed . A score means the higher score of clinical acceptability while C and D score means that the restoration has failed and needs to be replaced. Alpha 1: Harmonious outline Alpha 2: Marginal gap (max 100μ) with discoloration (removable) Bravo: Marginal gap (> 100μ) with discoloration (unremovable) Charlie: The restoration is fractured or missed. | From baseline to 6 year the change of restorations will be evaluated | 
| Marginal discoloration | Observers will evaluate the restorations will be performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding marginal discoloration. Marginal discoloration will be evaluated by 2 independent clinicians. Visual inspection with a mirror at 18 inches will be performed . A score means the higher score of clinical acceptability while C score means that the restoration has failed and needs to be replaced. Alpha: No discoloration anywhere along the margin between the restoration and the adjacent tooth. Bravo: Slight discoloration along the margin between the restoration and the adjacent tooth. Charlie: The discoloration penetrated along the margin of the restorative material in a pulpal direction. | From baseline to 6 year the change of restorations will be evaluated | 
| Retention | Observers will evaluate the restorations will be performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding retention rate. Retention rate will be evaluated by 2 independent clinicians. Visual inspection with a mirror at 18 inches was performed . A score means the higher score of clinical acceptability while C and D score means that the restoration has failed and needs to be replaced. Alpha 1:Clinically excellent Alpha 2: Clinically good with slight deviations from ideal performance, correction possible without damage of tooth or restoration Bravo: Clinically sufficient with few defects, corrections or repair of the restoration possible Charlie: Restoration is partially missed Delta: Restoration is totally missed | From baseline to 6 year the change of restorations will be evaluated. | 
| Anatomic form | Observers will evaluate the restorations will be performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding anatomic form. Anatomic form will be evaluated by 2 independent clinicians. Visual inspection with a mirror at 18 inches was performed . A score means the higher score of clinical acceptability while C score means that the restoration has failed and needs to be replaced. Alpha 1: Continuous with existing anatomical form Alpha 2: Slightly discontinuous due to some chipping on the proximal ridge Bravo: Discontinuous with existing anatomical form due to material loss but proximal contact still present Charlie: Proximal contact is lost with ridge fracture. | From baseline to 6 year the change of restorations will be evaluated. | 
| Color change | Observers will evaluate the restorations will be performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding color change. Color changes will be evaluated by 2 independent clinicians. Visual inspection with a mirror at 18 inches was performed . A score means the higher score of clinical acceptability while C score means that the restoration has failedand needs to be replaced. Alpha: The restoration matches the adjacent tooth structure in color and translucency. Bravo: Light mismatch in color, shade or translucency between the restoration and the adjacent tooth. Charlie: The mismatch in color and translucency is outside the acceptable range of tooth color and translucency. | From baseline to 6 year the change of restorations will be evaluated. |