Use Determinants of Smoking Cessation App

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The development of mobile applications (mobile apps) is steadily increasing and appears to be a promising treatment method to help people change unwanted behaviors or maintain a regular relationship with the medical system. Mobile apps aimed at smoking cessation have been shown to be effective. However, if a treatment is not used regularly, it will not have the desired effect. The main objective of this study is to identify what makes a person decide to use a smoking cessation app and to do so regularly. The second objective is to determine what is necessary to achieve long-term change with a mobile app.

Detailed Description
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Despite the significant decrease in tobacco consumption in France (30% in 2000 vs. 25.4% in 2018), the prevalence of smokers aged 18 to 75 years is still a public issue. Among the new solutions proposed, mobile applications (mobile apps) seem to be a promising treatment modality. Several advantages to their use are recognized for patients, health professionals and the health system itself. Mobile applications allow accessibility to care and information, the possibility of transposing several proven effective therapeutic principles, the possibility of integrating certain forms of information transmission such as messaging, behavioural feedback and audiovisual media. Although mobile app development is a growing market, knowledge about the determinants of intention to use this type of technology is very limited, especially for smoking cessation apps. The investigators propose a theoretical model to examine what determines the regular use of mobile apps for smoking cessation among those who want to quit. The investigators use the TAMII model and the operational variables used in a more general study on e-health applications. A chronological organisation based on a three-part behavioural model (antecedent, target behaviour and outcome) is added to the TAMII model. The main objective is to identify the factors of Mobila App Sustain Use (MASU). All definitions of TAM-II will be used : perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU) and social norm (SN), as well as the definitions proposed by Choi et al (2014) on the predictors of PU, PEOU and SN.

Official Title
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Determinants of Use of Mobile Apps for Smoking Cessation

Conditions
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CBT, Smoking Cessation, Technology Acceptance Model, Engagement

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Kwit SAS - smoking cessation app


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Participants must meet four inclusion criteria for the study: Inclusion criteria Age: Be 18 years of age or older, Smoking Status: consider themselves an active smoker Motivation to quit: be willing to quit smoking, in the short and medium term. Agreement to participate: They must also agree to participate in the study. They will have read the information note where the procedure is described; the researchers presented and their rights to withdraw from the study are recalled. Exclusion criteria: Participants must have a smartphone with an iOS or Android operating system Access to the internet to complete the questionnaires Download the application and receive the updates it offers.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: mobile app users<br> | Device: Kwit SAS - smoking cessation app<br>* Kwit is a mobile app for smoking cessation. Different CBT techniques are used by the app already been proved as effective : Case analysis craving tool, Achievements badges,Diary, Goal (outcome) setting, A 9-steps preparation program, psychological education, Emotional monitoring, Access to groups on social networks, different strategies ( NRT/water/meditation), Motivational cards.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| First Use | The ratio of people accessing the app after giving them access to it. | Day 1 - First use | 
| Mobile App Sustain Use (MASU) | The ratio of times the application is accessed per week.. | 90 days post firs use of the mobile apps | 
| Mobile App Intention Use (MAIU): | Questionaire : please specify by selecting a number from 1 to 3, with 1 being Just once, 2 being Daily and 3 being Several times a day, how often you expect to use this application in the course of : In the next week In the next month | Day 15 | 
| Mobile App Intention Use (MAIU): | Questionaire : please specify by selecting a number from 1 to 3, with 1 being Just once, 2 being Daily and 3 being Several times a day, how often you expect to use this application in the course of : In the next week In the next month | Day 30 | 
| Mobile App Intention Use (MAIU): | Questionaire : please specify by selecting a number from 1 to 3, with 1 being Just once, 2 being Daily and 3 being Several times a day, how often you expect to use this application in the course of : In the next 15 days In the next month | Day 60 | 
| Mobile App Intention Use (MAIU): | Questionaire : Please specify by selecting a number from 1 to 3, with 1 being Just once, 2 being Daily and 3 being Several times a day, how often you expect to use this application in the course of : In the next week In the next month | Day 90 | 
| Mobile App Satisfaction assessment (MAS): | The Mobile App Ratting Scale (MARS) scale is a multidimensional metric that ranks and assesses the quality of mobile apps. The MARS total score can be used to evaluate and compare the quality of an application with others. The total score is calculated as the average of its five categories: user engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information and subjective quality. Each category is rated on a five-point scale ranging from inadequate-1 to excellent-5 (25).This scale has been used previously to assess the quality of smoking cessation apps in the Australian market with high inter-rater reliability (ICC =0.807) | Day 15 | 
| Mobile App Satisfaction assessment (MAS): | The Mobile App Ratting Scale (MARS) scale is a multidimensional metric that ranks and assesses the quality of mobile apps. The MARS total score can be used to evaluate and compare the quality of an application with others. The total score is calculated as the average of its five categories: user engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information and subjective quality. Each category is rated on a five-point scale ranging from inadequate-1 to excellent-5 (25).This scale has been used previously to assess the quality of smoking cessation apps in the Australian market with high inter-rater reliability (ICC =0.807) | Day 30 | 
| Mobile App Satisfaction assessment (MAS): | The Mobile App Ratting Scale (MARS) scale is a multidimensional metric that ranks and assesses the quality of mobile apps. The MARS total score can be used to evaluate and compare the quality of an application with others. The total score is calculated as the average of its five categories: user engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information and subjective quality. Each category is rated on a five-point scale ranging from inadequate-1 to excellent-5 (25).This scale has been used previously to assess the quality of smoking cessation apps in the Australian market with high inter-rater reliability (ICC =0.807) | Day 60 | 
| Mobile App Satisfaction assessment (MAS): | The Mobile App Ratting Scale (MARS) scale is a multidimensional metric that ranks and assesses the quality of mobile apps. The MARS total score can be used to evaluate and compare the quality of an application with others. The total score is calculated as the average of its five categories: user engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information and subjective quality. Each category is rated on a five-point scale ranging from inadequate-1 to excellent-5.This scale has been used previously to assess the quality of smoking cessation apps in the Australian market with high inter-rater reliability (ICC =0.807). | Day 90 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Smoking profile (SP) | The degree of dependence is assessed by the Fagerström Test, which is widely used. | 1 day before the first use of the mobile app | 
| Craving intensity (CI) | The visual analog scale or VAS was used to measure the average craving intensity . | 1 day before before the first use of the mobile app | 
| Craving intensity (CI) | The visual analog scale or VAS was used to measure the average craving intensity . | Day 15 | 
| Craving intensity (CI) | The visual analog scale or VAS was used to measure the average craving intensity . | Day 30 | 
| Craving intensity (CI) | The visual analog scale or VAS was used to measure the average craving intensity . | Day 60 | 
| Craving intensity (CI) | The visual analog scale or VAS was used to measure the average craving intensity . | Day 90 | 
| Behavior change : Smoking cessation | Self-reported 15-day point prevalence smoking status. Since your first use of the app have you smoked a cigarette (even a puff)? | Day 15 | 
| Behavior change : Smoking cessation | Self-reported 30-day point prevalence smoking status. Since your first use of the app have you smoked a cigarette (even a puff)? | Day 30 | 
| Behavior change : Smoking cessation | Self-reported 60-day point prevalence smoking status. Since your first use of the app have you smoked a cigarette (even a puff)? | Day 60 | 
| Behavior change : Smoking cessation | Self-reported 90-day point prevalence smoking status. Since your first use of the app have you smoked a cigarette (even a puff)? | Day 90 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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E health, smoking cessation, engagement determinants, intention to use, TAM model