Use of Conjugated Linoleic Acid as a Nutraceutical for Weight Loss in Humans

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of the study is to examine how a naturally occurring fat found in meats, such as beef and lamb and milk, called conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), will affect your body weight and body fat content, blood fat levels, as well as selected safety parameters. The CLA will be supplemented in an oil form and will be added to solid foods as provided by the metabolic kitchen at the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN).

Detailed Description
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In order to investigate the effectiveness of CLA on body weight and composition, as well as blood lipids, a double-blinded, 3-phase crossover trial will be conducted in moderately overweight (BMI=25-40 kg/m2), borderline hypercholesterolemic (LDL-C ≥ 2.5 mmol/L) men between the ages of 18-60 years. During three 8-week phases separated by 4-week washout periods, and under supervision to ensure compliance, 28 subjects will consume in random order (i) Control: 3.5 g/d of safflower oil, (ii) Clarinol G-80®: 3.5 g/d of 50:50 mixture of t10, c12 and c9, t11 CLA and (iii) c9, t11: 3.5 g/day of c9, t11 CLA. Body weight, fat mass and lean body mass will be measured at beginning and end of each phase by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Baseline and endpoint blood samples will collected to determine blood lipid profile, and different safety parameters, including insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR index), and concentrations of inflammatory (hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) and oxidative (Oxidized-LDL) biomarkers. Effect of CLA consumption on fatty acid oxidation will also be measured.

Official Title
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Use of Conjugated Linoleic Acid as a Nutraceutical for Weight Loss in Humans

Conditions
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Body Weight, Body Composition, Hyperlipidemia, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Clarinol G-80 ® treatment
* Dietary Supplement: Safflower oil
* Dietary Supplement: G-c9, t11


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Study subjects will be defined as overweight or obese, hyperlipidemic males, with a LDL-C level of greater than 2.5 mmol/L.Subjects will be between 18-60 years old and must have a body mass index (BMI) of 25-36 kg/m2. Subjects with thyroid diseases will be included in the study as long as they have been shown to be stable in response to their medications and thyroid therapy will have to be maintained at a stable dose throughout the study. Exclusion Criteria: subjects taking medications and/or natural health products known to affect lipid metabolism (cholestyramine, colestipol, niacin, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, probucol, HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, high dose dietary supplements or fish oil capsules (> 4 g/day), guggul, lecithin, evening primrose oil within the last six months. In addition subjects will no be allowed to consume any of these medications during the study; subjects who have taken plant sterol supplements within the past six weeks and consume plant sterol supplements during the trial; subjects who currently have diabetes, kidney, heart or liver disease or have had any of these diseases at any time during the past 3 months. In addition any development of diabetes mellitus, kidney, heart or liver disease during the trial will lead to exclusion from the trial; subjects who smoke or consume large amounts of alcohol (> 2 drinks/day); subjects who have any major food allergies or are vegetarian; subjects that use natural or pharmaceutical weight loss supplements or products known to affect lipid metabolism at the beginning and end of each treatment period as well as the washout periods; subjects who are sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family (e, g., ragweed, marigolds, daisies).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Safflower oil<br>This arm of the study constitutes the control phase | Dietary Supplement: Safflower oil<br>* 3.5 g/d of safflower oil<br>|
| Experimental: Clarinol G-80®<br> | Dietary Supplement: Clarinol G-80 ® treatment<br>* dietary supplement of 3.5g/day 50-50 mixture of t10, c12 and c9, t11 CLA. In addition, the amount of mixed natural tocopherols is 5mg/g (0.05%).<br>|
| Experimental: G-c9, t11<br> | Dietary Supplement: G-c9, t11<br>* 3.5 g/day of c9, t11 CLA<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in body weight, body fat mass, and lean body mass |  | At baseline and endpoint of each phase | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in inflammation and oxidation markers |  | At baseline and endpoint of each phase | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Conjugated linoleic acid, Body weight, Body composition, Blood lipid profile, Body inflammatory and oxidative status