Impact of the Information Leaflet on the Anesthesia Knowledge and Anxiety Levels of Children and Parents

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The study includes applying a questionnaire to each child and their parents who applied to the anesthesia outpatient clinic for the gastroenterological endoscopic procedure. Children and parents will be divided into two groups, those who received and those who did not receive information leaflet. With the questionnaire both groups will be compared in terms of knowledge level and anxiety level.

Detailed Description
-----------------
All children under the age of 18, who meet the inclusion criteria, applied to the outpatient clinic for the preoperative anesthesia evaluation will be included in the study. During the preoperative anesthesia examination, pediatric patients and their parents will be informed about the study, their consent will be obtained, and their demographic data will be recorded. Information leaflets will be given to the one group in that both the child and their parents will read it before the endoscopic procedure. Children will handed leaflet appropriate for their age. The other group will not receive information leaflets. Routine information about anesthesia will be given to both groups. Demographic data, m-YPAS(The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale), APAIS(Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale) will be evaluated for both groups before anesthesia induction. The anesthesiologist evaluate anxiety of children, will not know whether the patients received an information leaflets. Parents will be asked to fill out the questionnaire in the waiting room. Anxiety scores will be evaluated by APAIS. The source of their knowledge about anesthesia, how anesthesia applications are made during endoscopy procedures and what their fears about anesthesia are will be evaluated.

Official Title
-----------------
Impact of the Information Leaflet on the Preoperative Anesthesia Knowledge and Anxiety Levels of Children and Parents Before the Pediatric Endoscopic Procedures

Conditions
-----------------
Anxiety, Preoperative Anxiety, Pediatric Anesthesia

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: information leaflet


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: All children under the age of 18 and their parents who applied to the anesthesia outpatient clinic before the gastroenterological endoscopic procedure Knowing Turkish language Agreeing to participate in the research voluntarily Parent and child not having a diagnosed neuropsychiatric disease Literacy of the child and parent Not having verbal communication barrier Exclusion Criteria: Refusing to participate in the research Not knowing Turkish language Having a verbal communication barrier Parent and child have a diagnosed neuropsychiatric disease Illiteracy of the child or parent

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Patients and parents participating in the study will be divided into two groups by randomization. An information leaflets will be given to one group, but not to other group. Anesthesia knowledge level and anxiety level assessment questionnaires will be administered to both groups. These survey results will be compared between the two groups.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: not received information leaflet<br>During the preoperative anesthesia clinic examination, demographic data will be recorded and routine information about anesthesia will be provided. However, the information leaflet will not be handed to the patient and parents. The m-YPAS scale for pediatric patients will be evaluated and filled by the investigators before the anesthesia induction. Parents will be asked to fill out questionnaires for anxiety assessment and anesthesia knowledge level in the waiting room before the procedure. | |
| Active Comparator: received information leaflet<br>During the preoperative anesthesia evaluation, the children and their parents, who are included in the group who will receive information leaflets according to randomization, will be given information leaflets and both the child and their parents will be asked to read them before the procedure day. Age-appropriate brochures will be provided for children, and parent information leaflets will be provided for parents. The m-YPAS scale for pediatric patients will be evaluated and filled by the investigators before the anesthesia induction. Parents will be asked to fill out questionnaires for anxiety assessment and anesthesia knowledge level in the waiting room before the procedure. | Other: information leaflet<br>* Leaflets prepared to inform about anesthesia and endoscopic procedure will be given to both parents and pediatric patients. A standard leaflet has been prepared for parents. Two leaflets have been prepared for children under the age of 12 and for adolescent patients over the age of 12. Unlike routine hospital information forms, all leaflets designed and prepared as a cartoon book. It is narrated using photographs of the materials and toys in the endoscopy room. It was predicted that there would be a difference between the groups who read and did not read this information leaflet in terms of anxiety levels and anesthesia knowledge levels.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluation of preoperative anxiety scores of children with the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale | Leaflets have an effect on the anxiety score of children. Children who read information leaflet have lower anxiety scores than children who do not. Children's anxiety levels will be evaluated with the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS). This scale evaluates 22 items in 5 groups. The lowest score is 5, indicating the lowest level of anxiety. The highest score is 22, which indicates the most severe anxiety state. | Children's anxiety scale (m-YPAS) will be filled by the researcher observationally before the procedure. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluation of parents' knowledge and anxiety levels about anesthesia with the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) | Anxiety levels are lower in children of parents who have higher level of knowledge and lower level of anxiety about anesthesia. The APAIS is a six-item questionnaire used to for the rapid assessment of preoperative anxiety. The APAIS consists of two scales that include a four-item anxiety scale and a two-item information requirement scale. The items are rated on a Likert scale from 1 (not at all worrying) to 5 (extremely worrying). The score ranges of the anxiety subscale and information requirement subscale are 4-20 and 2-10, respectively. High scores are associated with high anxiety levels and information requirement. | Parents will be asked to fill out the anesthesia knowledge and anxiety level determination questionnaire in the waiting room before the endoscopy procedure. | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Anxiety; Anesthesia; Preoperative care; Child