Dose Response of Whey and Soy Protein Ingestion With and Without Resistance Exercise in Elderly Men

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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When we age, we lose muscle. It is not exactly clear why this happens, but we do know that this muscle loss can increase health risks and lead to health problems. Lifting weights (i.e. performing resistance exercise) and proper nutrition, in particular eating enough high quality protein, can help slow the loss of muscle mass or potentially even reverse it. Protein and resistance exercise are thought to do this by stimulating your muscle to make more proteins and/or potentially by slowing down the rate at which your body breaks proteins down. Whey protein is a high quality protein isolated from milk and is known to stimulate new protein synthesis for all proteins in your body. However, to date, the effect that whey protein has on muscle protein synthesis, particularly in the elderly has yet to be determined. Thus the purposes of this study are: 1) to determine if whey is an effective source of protein that will stimulate muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, similar to what we have previously seen in young persons; 2) to determine the smallest amount of whey protein to consume to maximally stimulate your muscle to make new proteins; 3) to see if performing resistance exercise will augment the increase in new muscle protein synthesis with whey consumption; and 4) to try and found out if whey is more effective than soy protein in stimulating new muscle protein synthesis and suppressing muscle protein breakdown in the elderly, similar to what we have previously seen in young persons

Official Title
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Responses of Muscle and Whole-body Protein Turnover to Ingestion of Differing Doses of Whey and Soy Protein With and Without Resistance Exercise in Elderly Men

Conditions
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Sarcopenia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male Aged 60 to 80 years old Non-smoker Generally healthy and can tolerate the resistance exercise and protein drink Exclusion Criteria: Allergies to whey, casein or soy Health problems such as: heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis of the knee joint, diabetes, poor lung function, uncontrolled hypertension, or any health conditions that might put participants at risks for this study Failed clearance for exercise participation by their medical doctor Failed an exercise stress test Taking metformin and/or other medications for the control of blood glucose even though one might not be classified as diabetic Taking prescribed blood thinners such as warfarin and heparin but excluding aspirin Taking medications for lung and kidney conditions but excluding medication for asthma that is under control

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 60 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Control group 0 g protein<br>Control group in which a placebo drink containing no protein is given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|
| Experimental: 10g whey<br>10g whey protein given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|
| Experimental: 20g whey<br>20g whey protein given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|
| Experimental: 30g whey<br>30g whey protein given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|
| Experimental: 40g whey<br>40g whey protein given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|
| Experimental: 20g soy<br>20g soy protein given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|
| Experimental: 40g soy<br>40g soy protein given following unilateral knee extension exercise | Dietary Supplement: Whey or soy protein<br>* Whey and casein are isolated milk proteins<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Muscle protein synthesis |  | Acute within the day | 
| whole body amino acid oxidation |  | acute within the day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| muscle protein breakdown |  | Acute within the day | 
| serum insulin |  | acute within the day | 
| plasma amino acid concentrations |  | acute within the day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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soy, sarcopenia, muscle, protein, muscle protein synthesis, muscle protein breakdown, whey, casein, dose response, resistance exercise, unilateral, knee extension, whole body protein