Multiple Joint, Structural Barbell Resistance Exercise Improves Information Processing Speed

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study investigated the effect of acute multiple joint, structural barbell resistance exercise on information processing speed and conflict-related neural activity in older adults via a crossover, sham control, randomized control trial.

Official Title
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Acute Multiple Joint, Structural Barbell Resistance Exercise Improves Information Processing Speed and Decreases Conflict-related Neural Activity in Older Adults: A Crossover, Sham Control, Randomized Control Trial With REP

Conditions
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Cognitive Decline, Aging

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Resistance exercise
* Behavioral: Stretching exercise (sham exercise)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: male adults aged 50-65 years old exercise ≥ 150 minutes/week normal or corrected-to-normal vision right-handed Exclusion Criteria: dementia (MMSE ≥ 24) any medical condition listed on PARQ depression (BDI-II score ≤ 13) any diagnostic cardiovascular, neurological and other chronic diseases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Resistance exercise<br>The experimental intervention is a session of resistance exercise described in the intervention section. | Behavioral: Resistance exercise<br>* Barbell back squat, press, and deadlift for three sets of five repetitions with the weight closest to 75% of their estimated 1 repetition max. The participants were instructed to execute the movement with moderate speed (2s eccentric, 2s concentric, no pause in between). The rest period between sets and exercise movements was two to three minutes.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Stretching exercise<br>The active control intervention is a session of stretching exercise described in the intervention section. | Behavioral: Stretching exercise (sham exercise)<br>* Participants completed a passive stretching exercise session for a similar duration of time as the resistance exercise (≈ 30 min) as sham intervention, which included 15-20 stretching movements twice, holding each for 30 seconds as recommended by ACSM.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of Information processing speed between resistance and stretching exercises | Choice reaction time of the Stroop test congruent condition. Unit: millisecond. Shorter reaction time means a better outcome. | 5-30 minutes before and 10-35 minutes after each intervention. | 
| Change of Inhibitory control between resistance and stretching exercises | Interference score of the Stroop test. Unit: millisecond. Smaller interference score means a better outcome. | 5-30 minutes before and 10-35 minutes after each intervention. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of Conflict-related neural activity between resistance and stretching exercises | N2b (event-related potential) | 5-30 minutes before and 10-35 minutes after each intervention. | 
| Change of Neural activity related to locus coeruleus phasic response between resistance and stretching exercises | P3 (event-related potential) | 5-30 minutes before and 10-35 minutes after each intervention. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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exercise, resistance training, kinesiology, cognition, ERP, neuroimage