Community Epidemiology and Typology of Third-generation Cephalosporins Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Reunion Island

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In its report dated april 2014, World Health Organization confirms antibiotic resistance dissemination in all parts of the world, in hospitals and in community and worries about a possible comeback to a pre-antibiotic era during the 21st century. For the last 15 years, third-generation cephalosporins resistant enterobacteriaceae (3GCREB) prevalence is continuously increasing. Community 3GCREB prevalence has not been studied whereas several observations made in Reunion Island hospital suggest a diffusion in community. In this situation of world-wide and regional extension of bacterial resistance, the investigator offers to study bacterial resistance to antibiotic in Reunion Island community.

Detailed Description
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The investigator is focused on E. coli species exhibiting BLSE or metallo-betalactamases production that could be encountered du to the increasing level of migratory flow in Reunion Island. Fecal sample collection will be used for further investigations on bacterial typology.

Official Title
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Community Epidemiology and Typology of Third-generation Cephalosporins Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Prevalence, Resistance Mechanisms and Risk Factors) in Reunion Island

Conditions
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Bacterial Resistance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: stool sample


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients: aged over 18 years old admitted in emergency ward or intensive care of the university hospital of Reunion Island who received the patient information notice and who gave their consent who have a stool sample performed in the 48 hours following admission who understand and can read French Exclusion Criteria: Patients: transferred from a short-term, middle-term or long-term stay health facility who have a stool sample performed more than 48 hours following admission.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| stool sampled community patients<br>community patients entering emergency ward or intensive care unit in Reunion Island university hospital and having the stools sampled for bacterial analysis. | Procedure: stool sample<br>* study will be proposed to all patients entering emergency ward or intensive care unit in Reunion Island university hospital. Upon consent, a stool sample will be taken (either directly on emitted stools or by rectal sampling) and analysed for enterobacteriaceae.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Digestive prevalence rate of 3GCREB | estimate of digestive prevalence rate of 3GCREB in participating patients and extrapolation to Reunion Island community population. | through study completion, an average of 1 day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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bacterial multi-resitance