Development and Validation of Creatinine-Based Estimates of the Glomerular Filtration Rate Equation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aim to recruit all Electronic Medical Record of patients who underwent for 51chromium ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (51Cr-EDTA) imaging at the Nuclear Medicine Centre, University Malaya Medical Centre from September 2016 to September 2021. The data that collected will be analyzed to develop and validate a new equation to estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate that specifically for Malaysian multiracial population.

Detailed Description
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List of patients who underwent for 51Cr EDTA imaging at the Nuclear Medicine Centre, University Malaya Medical Centre from September 2016 to September 2021 will be obtained from relevant department. All patient's Electronic Medical Record (EMR) will be evaluated for recruitment into the study. Demographics data of the patients that will be collected include age, gender, height, weight, and ethnicity. The clinical data that will be collected include CKD aetiology, background comorbidities, and vitals sign and laboratory data includes the renal function test. The 51Cr- EDTA readings were also recorded. If there are multiple measurements of scans performed, the latest 51Cr-EDTA taken. The renal function test must be within three months of when the 51Cr-EDTA imaging was conducted. Patients will be randomized into a development and validation cohort using a random number generated in Microsoft Excel. In the development cohort, a new equation will be developed using a nonlinear regression model utilizing a generalized least squares algorithm. Internal validation will be performed in the validation cohort, by comparing the bias, precision, and accuracy of the new equations and the other established equations to the measured GFR.

Official Title
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Development and Validation of Creatinine-Based Estimates of the Glomerular Filtration Rate Equation From Chromium EDTA Imaging in the Multi-racial Malaysian Population

Conditions
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Renal Function Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Development of new estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equation
* Other: Validation of new estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Electronic Medical Records of patient scheduled for 51Cr EDTA imaging at the Nuclear Medicine Centre, University Malaya Medical Centre from September 2016 to September 2021 Age 16-year-old and above Exclusion Criteria: Electronic Medical Records of patients with missing data.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 16 Years
Maximum Age: 100 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Development Cohort<br>Half of the data will be randomized into development cohort by using a random number generated in Microsoft Excel. This cohort aim to develop a new estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equation that produce accurate eGFR specifically in Malaysian multiracial population. | Other: Development of new estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equation<br>* Development Cohort: A new estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate(eGFR) equation will be developed by using a nonlinear regression model utilizing a generalized least squares algorithm.<br>|
| Validation Cohort<br>Half of the data will be randomized into development cohort by using a random number generated in Microsoft Excel. This cohort aim to validate the newly developed estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equation. | Other: Validation of new estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) equation<br>* Validation Cohort: Internal validation will be performed by comparing bias, precision and accuracy of the new equations and the other established equations to the measured GFR.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| New equation to estimate GFR that can be used specifically in Malaysian multiracial population | New equation that has its own ethnic coefficient that can produce accurate result in Malaysia multiracial population | From 1st December 2021 to 31st December 2022 |