Impact of Strength and Power Training on Golf Performance and Swing Biomechanics

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Assess the impact of 10 weeks of strength and power training on Golf performance and swing biomechanics as measured by Trackman radar device and 16-camera monitoring system.

Detailed Description
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Golf-specific exercise programs have been shown to improve strength, flexibility, and balance in golfers (1) and golf-specific plyometric training programs have been shown to significantly improve club head speed and ball carry distance in skilled adolescent golfers (2). Further, leg power, upper body strength, and arm strength have positively correlated with golf performance measures; most notably measures of distance and total score (3). The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of a 10-week strength and power training program on the biomechanics of the golf swing and golf performance. Participants will have anthropometric data taken, including height, weight, and body composition. Golf swing biomechanics will be assessed utilizing high-speed motion analysis cameras and software available in the Motion Analysis Laboratory in the McLean Health Sciences Building. The participant will don garments that fit snug to the skin and light-sensitive reflective markers will be placed on the subject. The motion of the swing will be captured utilizing the 14 camera Vicon Bonita 10 system with the Motion Monitor real-time Vicon plug-in. Club head speed will be assessed utilizing a Tracman 4 dual radar tracking system. Power output for participants will be measured by performing a countermovement vertical jump and a static vertical jump on the 4 Bertec non-conductive forceplate system. Strength assessments will be performed in the Nimocks Fitness Center by the Lead Investigator. Maximal strength will be assessed in the following lifts utilizing the parameters described by the National Strength and Conditioning Association (4): Back Squat; Flat Bench Press. Other maximal strength numbers for primary lifts involved in the program (Front Squat; Incline Bench; Power Cleans) will be prescribed as percentages of the tested lifts as follows: Maximal Front Squat = 80% of Maximal Back Squat; Maximal Incline Bench = 80% of Maximal Flat Bench; Maximal Power Clean = 70% of Maximal Back Squat.

Official Title
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Impact of Strength and Power Training on Golf Performance and Swing Biomechanics

Conditions
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Resistance Training With Traditional Periodization Model, Resistance Training With Conjugate Training Model

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Resistance Training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: college aged golfers with no contraindications to exercise as measured by PAR-Q+ No history of Heart condition or uncontrolled hypertension No history of chest pain at rest or with exertion No history of loss of balance or dizziness at rest or with exercise in previous 12 months No medications for chronic medical conditions No bone, joint, or soft tissue issue that could be made worse by becoming more physically active Exclusion Criteria: As indicated by PAR-Q+ History of arthritis, osteoporosis, or chronic back issues Current, or recent history of, cancer Diagnosed cardiovascular disease: CAD, heart failure, diagnosed abnormality of heart rhythm Uncontrolled high blood pressure (resting blood pressure of 160/90 or greater) Diagnosed Metabolic Condition: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Pre-diabetic

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Parallel groups participating in differing resistance training designs.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Standard Periodization Training<br>Utilization of traditional periodization strength training model | Behavioral: Resistance Training<br>* Standard barbell resistance training programs<br>|
| Active Comparator: Conjugate Training<br>Utilization of conjugate strength model | Behavioral: Resistance Training<br>* Standard barbell resistance training programs<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gold club head speed and radar predicted 5-iron distance | Trackman measured club head speed and predicted carry of 5 iron | 12 weeks | 
| Biomechanics of golf swing | Bonita 16 camera measured biomechanical swing analysis | 12 weeks |