The Microenvironment in Barrett's Esophagus

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to elucidate the relationship between the microbiome, inflammation, and the microenvironment in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), with the end goal of developing a non-endoscopic testing strategy based on pathogenic factors to identify patients at highest risk for EAC. To accomplish this the investigators will enroll 100 patients with known BE (50 with dysplasia or EAC) and 50 subjects without BE undergoing upper endoscopy. Prior to endoscopy each subject will undergo three minimally invasive potential screening and surveillance tests: saliva (oral microbiome), breath test (exhaled volatile organic compounds), and tethered capsule sponge sampling (methylated DNA markers). The study will evaluate these novel tests in combination with clinical and anthropometric factors to describe an optimal strategy for BE screening and monitoring.

Detailed Description
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The investigators will perform a multi-center cross-sectional study of patients with Barrett's esophagus, with and without associated dysplasia or cancer, and controls without BE. Enrollment of controls will be stratified based on use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The investigators plan to enroll an approximate total of 150 subjects: 100 BE patients (with or without associated dysplasia or cancer) 50 subjects with non-dysplastic BE 50 subjects with BE and dysplasia or EAC 50 controls 25 controls on PPIs (at least once daily) 25 controls not taking PPIs Various tests will be performed and samples collected on the day of endoscopy. These tests include: saliva samples, electronic nose device testing, tethered capsule sponge testing, dietary questionnaires, and collection of blood and gastrointestinal biosamples. Analyses of this data and samples will then be performed to address the specific aims above.

Official Title
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Application of the Microbiome and Microenvironment to Novel Non-Endoscopic Screening and Surveillance in Barrett's Esophagus

Conditions
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Barrett Esophagus, Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Tethered capsule sponge
* Device: Electronic nose device


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: (for BE patients) History of histologically confirmed BE, defined as endoscopically-suspected BE with intestinal metaplasia with goblet cells on esophageal biopsies BE length M≥2 Taking proton pump inhibitors at least once daily for 3 months prior to enrollment Age ≥18 Exclusion Criteria: History of gastric cancer or esophageal squamous cell cancer History of gastric or esophageal surgery Use of antibiotics or systemic immunosuppressants within three months prior to the date of endoscopy (intranasal and inhaled steroids are allowed) Known untreated esophageal stricture or uninvestigated dysphagia Inability to give informed consent (BE patients only) History of prior endoscopic therapy for BE except a history of prior endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of focal lesions without subsequent ablative therapy is permitted

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Barrett's esophagus<br>Barrett's esophagus, without or with dysplasia or adenocarcnoma | Device: Tethered capsule sponge<br>* Subjects swallow a tethered capsule sponge sampling device, which is then withdrawn through the mouth after an interval of 5 minutes.<br>* Other names: EsophaCap;Device: Electronic nose device<br>* Subjects breathe into the device, which then records an exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOC) signature.<br>* Other names: Aeonose;|
| Controls<br>Non-BE endoscopic controls | Device: Tethered capsule sponge<br>* Subjects swallow a tethered capsule sponge sampling device, which is then withdrawn through the mouth after an interval of 5 minutes.<br>* Other names: EsophaCap;Device: Electronic nose device<br>* Subjects breathe into the device, which then records an exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOC) signature.<br>* Other names: Aeonose;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oral and esophageal 16S rRNA gene sequencing | Oral and esophageal microbiome | 1 day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Esophageal tissue RNA-Seq | Esophageal tissue transcriptome | 1 day | 
| Gastric aspirate mass spectrometry | Gastric aspirate bile acid composition | 1 day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Barrett Esophagus, Microenvironment, Microbiome, Screening, Esophageal Adenocarcinoma