Comparing Acute Aerobic and Resistance Exercise

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of age and fitness level on the physiological response to an acute bout of resistance or aerobic exercise.

Detailed Description
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Young and middle-aged to older adults who are physically active or not physically active will participate in two moderate to vigorous intensity exercise bouts: aerobic exercise and resistance training exercise. Blood will be collected to assess immune function and metabolism.

Official Title
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Effects of Age, Fitness Level, and Modality on Physiological Response to Acute Exercise

Conditions
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Exercise Physiology

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Resistance training exercise
* Other: Aerobic training exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Young Adults: ages 18-30 Older Adults: ages 55-75 and if a female postmenopausal Participants classified as trained must participate in at least 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity cardiovascular activity at least 3 days per week and engage in resistance training for all of the major muscle groups approximately 2 days / week. They must have upheld this activity for the past 3 months Participants classified as untrained must be participating in less than 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity cardiovascular activity and less than 2 days of resistance training per week for at least the last 3 months. Exclusion Criteria: Have any contraindications to moderate to vigorous exercise Range of motion restrictions that would prevent them from participating in aerobic or resistance training with proper form (they must be ambulatory) aking medications (prescription or over the counter) known to influence immune function, including daily NSAID's, beta blockers, statins, bisphosphonates, or steroids. Have known cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, or renal disease, with the exception of controlled hypertension (as defined by resting BP below 140/90) and/or controlled asthma (self-reported). Be pregnant Be unable to complete all visits (i.e. must not be planning to leave the Houston area long-term before concluding their participation in the study which will span several weeks) Fall outside of a BMI range of (18.5 - 30) Consume alcohol or recreational drugs for 24h prior to visits Older women cannot be pre-menopausal (must have not had a menses for at least 12 months) Unable to speak or read English Participants must not have scheduling conflicts that would prevent them from reporting to the laboratory of integrated physiology 4 times over the course of the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: resistance training exercise<br>All participants complete one session of resistance training exercise | Other: Resistance training exercise<br>* randomized complete crossover for acute resistance training exercise session<br>|
| Experimental: aerobic training exercise<br>All participants complete one session of aerobic training exercise | Other: Aerobic training exercise<br>* randomized complete crossover for acute aerobic exercise training exercise session<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Monocyte subset and function | Flow cytometry to classify monocyte subsets and in vitro LPS stimulation to assess monocyte function | Pre-resistance training (RT) exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to immediately post-RT exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise, change from immediately post-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise | 
| Monocyte subset and function | Flow cytometry to classify monocyte subsets and in vitro LPS stimulation to assess monocyte function | Pre-aerobic training (AT) exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to immediately post-AT exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise, change from immediately post-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise | 
| Monocyte subset and function | Flow cytometry to classify monocyte subsets and in vitro LPS stimulation to assess monocyte function | compare pre-RT to pre-AT | 
| Monocyte subset and function | Flow cytometry to classify monocyte subsets and in vitro LPS stimulation to assess monocyte function | compare immediately post-RT to immediately post-AT | 
| Monocyte subset and function | Flow cytometry to classify monocyte subsets and in vitro LPS stimulation to assess monocyte function | compare 1hr post-RT to 1hr post-AT | 
| NK cell function | Flow cytometry to identify NK cells and in vitro activity to assess NK activity | Pre-resistance training (RT) exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to immediately post-RT exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise, change from immediately post-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise | 
| NK cell function | Flow cytometry to identify NK cells and in vitro activity to assess NK activity | Pre-aerobic training (AT) exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to immediately post-AT exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise, change from immediately post-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise | 
| NK cell function | Flow cytometry to identify NK cells and in vitro activity to assess NK activity | compare pre-RT to pre-AT | 
| NK cell function | Flow cytometry to identify NK cells and in vitro activity to assess NK activity | compare immediately post-RT to immediately post-AT | 
| NK cell function | Flow cytometry to identify NK cells and in vitro activity to assess NK activity | compare 1hr post-RT to 1hr post-AT | 
| Circulating relative and absolute counts of T cell subsets | Flow cytometry to identify T cell subsets | Pre-resistance training (RT) exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to immediately post-RT exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise, change from immediately post-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise | 
| Circulating relative and absolute counts of T cell subsets | Flow cytometry to identify T cell subsets | Pre-aerobic training (AT) exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to immediately post-AT exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise, change from immediately post-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise | 
| Circulating relative and absolute counts of T cell subsets | Flow cytometry to identify T cell subsets | compare pre-RT to pre-AT | 
| Circulating relative and absolute counts of T cell subsets | Flow cytometry to identify T cell subsets | compare immediately post-RT to immediately post-AT | 
| Circulating relative and absolute counts of T cell subsets | Flow cytometry to identify T cell subsets | compare 1hr post-RT to 1hr post-AT | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Serum cortisol | ELISA to measure circulating cortisol (serum) | Pre-resistance training (RT) exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to immediately post-RT exercise, change from pre-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise, change from immediately post-RT exercise to 1hr post-RT exercise | 
| Serum cortisol | ELISA to measure circulating cortisol (serum) | Pre-aerobic training (AT) exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to immediately post-AT exercise, change from pre-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise, change from immediately post-AT exercise to 1hr post-AT exercise | 
| Serum cortisol | ELISA to measure circulating cortisol (serum) | compare pre-RT to pre-AT | 
| Serum cortisol | ELISA to measure circulating cortisol (serum) | compare immediately post-RT to immediately post-AT | 
| Serum cortisol | ELISA to measure circulating cortisol (serum) | compare 1hr post-RT to 1hr post-AT |