The Effect of Nurse Training on the Improvement of Subcutaneous Heparin Applications

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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One of the most important duties and responsibilities of nurses is drug administration. During drug administration, the nurse uses appropriate administration techniques and ensures patient safety by knowing the drugs and their side effects. This study aimed to examine the effect of nurse training on the improvement of subcutaneous heparin applications. In this study, it was planned to train nurses by using two different training methods. These methods are online and face-to-face training. In both methods, it was planned to evaluate the subcutaneous drug administration knowledge and skill of nurses before and after the training.

Detailed Description
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Drug administration is a common nursing clinical intervention. The nurse ensures patient safety by using compatible administration techniques and being aware of the side effects of medications. Pharmacological agents such as heparins, vaccines, insulin, hormone drugs, etc., are generally inappropriate with oral, intravenous or intamuscular intake. Thereupon, they have to be administered by means of subcutaneous (SC) injection. Subcutaneous medications are injected into the tissue layer between the skin and the muscle that is called subcutaneous tissue where does not have a rich blood supply. Suitable areas for subcutaneous injction application are the lateral aspect of the upper arms, posterior aspect of the upper arms, anterior surface of the thigh, unders the scapulas and abdomen in the umbilical region. For the reason that abdominal region has an excess subcutaneous fat tissue, enough space for repeated injections and less muscle activity, it is highly preferred for subcutaneous injections. The angle of entry of the needle into the tissue depends on the needle length and the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue mass. A 90-degree angle is used if the subcutaneous tissue thicknes is about 5 cm. However, when it is 2.5 cm the angle of a 45-degree angle is recommended. To check whether the needle tip is in the vein or not during the application causes the needle movement in the tissue that then results in vascular damage, bleeding, ecchymosis and hematoma formation. Airlock technique in subcutaneous inections is recommended as it ensures that the entire drug is delivered to the tissue as well as preventing the escape of the drug.

Official Title
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Hamidiye Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences

Conditions
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Nursing Care

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Mobile-based video
* Other: Face-to-face


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: volunteering to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: not have administered subcutaneous heparin in the clinical practice

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: A randomized controlled, pre-post-test, mixed-method
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental<br>Nurses in the experimental group participated in mobile-based video learning. | Other: Mobile-based video<br>* Nurses in the experimental group participated in mobile-based video learning.<br>* Other names: SC Heparin Interventions;|
| Active Comparator: Control<br>Nurses in the experimental group participated in face-to-face learning. | Other: Face-to-face<br>* Nurses in the experimental group participated in face-to-face learning.<br>* Other names: SC Heparin Interventions;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Improvement of subcutaneous heparin applications | The primary outcome of this study is the improvement of nurses' subcutaneous heparin applications. The 25-item checklist prepared by the researchers based on the literature includes the application steps of subcutaneous heparin knowledge and skill. | Through study completion, an average of 1 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Comparision of two different method | The secondary outcome of this study is the comparison of the two different education methods.The 25-item checklist prepared by the researchers based on the literature includes the application steps of subcutaneous heparin knowledge and skill. | Through study completion, an average of 1 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Subcutaneous heparin injections, nursing, training