Accuracy of Handheld and Non-contact Tonometry

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Monitoring the intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the most important tests used in follow-up among glaucoma suspects and confirmed glaucomatous patients.

Detailed Description
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In tertiary hospitals, IOP screening is an important tool to confirm glaucomatous eyes. Inaccurate measurements may lead to missed diagnosis or false positive results that may affect patients' quality of life. There are many devices produced to measure IOP, the commonest one is Goldman contact tonometry, the aim of this study is to compare the results of new developed tonometers to the standard applanation tonometer.

Official Title
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Accuracy of Handheld and Non-contact Tonometry in Clinical Practice

Conditions
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Glaucoma, Intraocular Pressure, Glaucoma, Suspect

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Intraocular pressure


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: All subjects seeking regular check-up in glaucoma clinic at banha university hospital. Glaucoma suspects and glaucomatous patients that visit glaucoma clinic for regular IOP measurements. Exclusion Criteria: Patients that will refuse to measure IOP again with other devices. patients with previous corneal surgeries or scar that may alter the measurements of the tonometer s (as previous keratoplasty, trauma or opacities).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Contact goldman applanation tonometry<br>The standard contact tonometer | Diagnostic Test: Intraocular pressure<br>* Measurements of intraocular pressure in millimeter mercury (mmHg).<br>|
| Active Comparator: Handheld digital contact tonometer<br>A contact digital tonometer's pen. | Diagnostic Test: Intraocular pressure<br>* Measurements of intraocular pressure in millimeter mercury (mmHg).<br>|
| Active Comparator: Non-contact air-puff tonometer<br>A non-contact tonometer based on air-puff and corneal hysteresis. | Diagnostic Test: Intraocular pressure<br>* Measurements of intraocular pressure in millimeter mercury (mmHg).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Accuracy of air-puff tonometry | Comparing IOP measurements in (mmHg) between standard goldman applanation tonometry and air-puff non-contact tonometry. | Immediately after goldman applanation tonometry test for each eye. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Accuracy of handheld tonometry | Comparing IOP measurements in (mmHg) between standard goldman applanation tonometry and handheld contact tonometry. | Immediately after goldman applanation tonometry test for each eye. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Glaucoma, Suspect, Tonometer, Air-puff