Exercise Training in Coronary Artery Disease Patients After Stenting

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To determine the effect of exercise training on cardiac outcomes in coronary artery disease patients after Stenting. There is a need to develop strategies, not only to prevent restenosis but also to improve patients' functional status and perception of well-being. In particular, it is not well defined whether exercise training can reduce the restenosis rate and improve the outcome after PCI.

Detailed Description
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Based on an analysis of literature reviews, psychological symptoms (such as depression and anxiety), angina, vital exhaustion, and dyspnea have been observed to have the most significant influence on the quality of life in people with CAD. Almost half of the patients, after an initial encouraging improvement in functional capacity and quality of life (QOL) after the PCI, deal with recurrent chest pain that requires medical attention, reduces functional capacity, and creates a status of psychological distress.

Official Title
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Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiac Parameters in Coronary Artery Disease Patients After Stenting

Conditions
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Stent Restenosis, Coronary Artery Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Structured In-Patient and Home plan
* Other: Conventional Therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: GCS = 15 Disease chronicity: 1-3 years Elective / stenting procedure Single or Double vessel stunting EF: 35 above Exclusion Criteria: Unwilling to participate in research Known cases of Uncontrolled DM or HTN Known cases of Cognitive/memory/neurological disorders Known cases of any Systemic disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Structured In-patient and Home plan<br>Structured In-patient and Home plan | Other: Structured In-Patient and Home plan<br>* A patient education session and a protocol comprise of 3 days. It consists of three different levels having progressive activities. The in-patient protocol will start from the day of the procedure. Each level contains 2 to 6 tasks, performed in sets of 5-10 repetitions 3 times a day. Home plan: Walking 3 days a week starting from normal pace ((RPE: 8-9) for10 minutes and progressively increased intensity and duration over the period of 12 weeks (RPE: 13-14).<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Conventional therapy<br>Conventional protocol as per guidelines | Other: Conventional Therapy<br>* In-Patient: Wound care, Bed mobility: AROMS (10 Reps*3sets*TD), Breathing Exercise (10 Reps*3sets*TD), Mobilization (Walk as per patient tolerance) Patient Education: To keep the heart healthy Diet Avoid strenuous exercise and lifting heavy objects Avoid valsalva manure, Quit smoking Lower cholesterol levels, Maintain a healthy weight Control other conditions, such as diabetes and high blood pressure Take medications as prescribed by your doctor Get regular exercise: Walking at a normal pace as per tolerance (RPE up to 10)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 6 min walk test: Distance (meters) | Changes from the baseline,6th week and 12th week, 6 min walk test (6 MWT) was used to measure Functional capacity. It is a sub maximal exercise test which can aid in assessing functional capacity of patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, in this test we find out the maximum distance in meters which an individual covers in 6 min without any support. | 12 weeks | 
| Mindfulness | Changes from the Baseline,6th week and 12th week, measured through MAAS. The MAAS is a 15-item scale designed to assess a core characteristic of dispositional mindfulness, namely, open or receptive awareness of and attention to what is taking place in the present. The scale shows strong psychometric properties and has been validated with college, community, and cancer patient samples.Higher scores reflect higher levels of dispositional mindfulness | 12 weeks | 
| Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) | Changes from the Baseline,6th week and 12th week, measured through Borg RPE scale which measures a person's perception of their effort and exertion breathlessness, and fatigue during physical work rating between 6 and 20. The higher the number, the more intense the exercise. An RPE of 6 is often referred to as just above rest, hardly any exertion, while an RPE of 20 is a maximal effort. | 12 weeks | 
| Dyspnea | Changes From the Baseline,6th week and 12th week, measured through Rose Dyspnea Scale. The scale consists of four items, with scores ranging from 0 to 4, where 0 indicates no dyspnea with activity, and increasing scores indicate greater limitations because of dyspnea. | 12 weeks | 
| Mean arterial pressure | Changes From the Baseline, measured through cardiac monitor. Normal range is between 70 and 100 mm Hg. | 3-5 days | 
| Heart Rate | Changes From the Baseline, measured through Cardiac monitor/Pulse-oximeter. Normal Resting Heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. | 3-5 days | 
| Respiratory rate | Changes From the Baseline, measured through cardiac monitor. Normal Resting Respiratory rate is12 to 20 breaths per minute | 3-5 days | 
| Transcutaneous oxygen saturation [SpO2] | Changes From the Baseline, measured through Cardiac monitor/Pulse-oximeter. Normal Resting SpO2 ranges 95% or higher. | 3-5 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Coronary artery diseases, Exercise training, Stenting