Online Suicide Prevention Campaign Aimed at Men

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to examine whether the online suicide prevention campaign for men could increase openness about emotions and help-seeking behavior, and decrease hopelessness and adherence to traditional gender norms concerning self-reliance among men. The effectiveness of the campaign will be evaluated in adult men using a pre-post questionnaire study design.

Official Title
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Evaluation of an Online Suicide Prevention Campaign Aimed at Men to Promote Help-seeking and Peer Support

Conditions
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Help-Seeking Behavior, Suicide

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Online suicide prevention campaign


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Gender identity: male ≥ 18 years old Have access to internet and a computer/tablet/smartphone Speak Dutch Exclusion Criteria: Gender identity: female or other < 18 years old No acces to internet and a computer/tablet/smartphone Non-Dutch speaking

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group<br>Participants in this group (all participants) were asked to complete a questionnaire and then received access to the online prevention campaign during three days, after which they were asked to complete another questionnaire. | Behavioral: Online suicide prevention campaign<br>* The online prevention campaign consists of two campaign videos, a website with information about suicide prevention and mental health tailored to men, and testimonials of men who struggled with their mental health.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in self-reliance: self-reliance factor of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI) | The CMNI is a 22 item scale to measure adherence to traditional Western masculine norms and values across 11 domains. The self-reliance scale consists of 5 items measured on a 4-point Likert scale (1= strongly disagree to 4= strongly agree). | Change from Baseline (before intervention) to post-test (after three days of access to the campaign) | 
| Change in Help-seeking behaviour: General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ) | The GHSQ measures two aspects of help-seeking, namely when facing personal or emotional problems and when facing suicidal ideation. For each aspect participants indicate how likely (1= extremely unlikely, 7= extremely likely) it is that they would seek help from different kind of sources (10 types). | Change from Baseline (before intervention) to post-test (after three days of access to the campaign) | 
| Change in Openness about emotions: scales Communication and Expression of Emotions and Normative Restrictions of Affectivity of the Dimensions of Openness to Emotions (DOE) | The Dimensions of Openness to Emotions is a 36 item questionnaire measuring emotional openness. The Communication and Expression of Emotions and Normative Restrictions of Affectivity consist of, respectively, 7 and 5 items to be scored on a 5-point Likert scale (0=not at all, 4= completely) | Change from Baseline (before intervention) to post-test (after three days of access to the campaign) | 
| Change in Hopelessness: Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), 4-item version | A 4-item self-report questionnaire to measure hopelessness in adolescents and adults. Each item is rated as 'true' (score = 1) or 'false' (score = 0) for them over the past week, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating higher levels of hopelessness. | Change from Baseline (before intervention) to post-test (after three days of access to the campaign) |