Effect of Aerobic Exercise Associated With Abdominal Radiofrequency on on Adipose Tissue in Women:

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of one session of aerobic exercise associated with radiofrequency in lipolytic activity and lipid profile.

Detailed Description
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The adipose tissue is the main energetic reserve, being constituted by adipocytes, cells that accumulate lipids inside its cytoplasm, in the form of triglycerides. Fat deposition can occur both in the subcutaneous compartment and in the visceral compartment and is the result of a positive energy balance in which there is an imbalance between the amount of calories consumed and the amount of calories expended. Thus, an excess of energy storage occurs in the form of triglycerides in adipose tissue, which results from a sedentary lifestyle and a diet based on lipid rich nutrients. When fat deposition occurs in abdominal adipose tissue may favor the development of metabolic disorders. Recently the effectiveness of an innovative physiotherapeutic intervention - radiofrequency on adipose tissue has been studied. This therapeutic modality stimulates the lipolytic cascade, converting the triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol. In this way, radiofrequency seems to aid in the reduction of adiposity. In addition, it assists in the reduction of the inflammatory process related to obesity, by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aerobic exercise, due to its low-moderate intensity, enhances the stimulation of lipolysis, by decreasing plasma insulin concentration and elevating the level of catecholamines. In this way, it influences the lipid metabolism, seeming to improve the lipid profile, through the degradation of the triglycerides as energetic substrate. In addition, the regular practice of physical exercise seems to promote a decrease in the inflammation state due to metabolic changes, through the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin-6 and, consequently, C-reactive protein. This study purpose understanding whether an aerobic exercise session associated with abdominal radiofrequency increases the level of lipolytic activity; To analyse the effect of four intervention sessions on abdominal adipose tissue

Official Title
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Effect of Aerobic Exercise Associated With Abdominal Radiofrequency on on Adipose Tissue in Women: Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Cardiovascular Risk Factor, Metabolic Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Radiofrequency
* Device: Radiofrequency without power
* Device: Aerobic exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Body Mass Idex between 18,5 Kg/cm2 and 29,9 Kg/cm2 Exclusion Criteria: pregnant or intending to be in a period of an year participants with smoking habits participants with neoplasias, metabolic dysfunctions, renal pathologies, dermatological alterations participants with electronic devices participants with a condition that makes it impossible to practice physical exercise (disabling skeletal muscle pathologies and severe cardiorespiratory pathologies) participants under the effect of beta-blockers or other drugs which influence heart rate participants submitted to other fat reduce procedure

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental group<br>This group performed aerobic exercise just after radiofrequency therapy in the abdominal region. | Device: Radiofrequency<br>* Radiofrequency protocol - The radiofrequency protocol was performed in dorsal decubitus, with the head elevated at 45º. The application was in capacitive mode, with a 5 cm electrode, always in movement. The duration of the application was established in 20 minutes, maintaining the local temperature between 40ºC to 42 ºC at the epidermis.<br>Device: Aerobic exercise<br>* Aerobic exercise protocol - 40 minutes of aerobic moderate-intensity exercise (45-55% of reserve heart rate) using Karvonen´s formula, performed on a cycloergometer. The duration of the exercise was divided into three parts: warm-up (from 0 to 5 minutes); body (from 5 to 35 minutes); and cooling (from 35 to 40 minutes). The entire protocol was monitored through the Polar® brand heart rate monitor and watch.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo group<br>This group performed aerobic exercise just after radiofrequency therapy in the abdominal region but the radiofrequency device was switched off- Radiofrequency without power. | Device: Radiofrequency without power<br>* Radiofrequency protocol - The radiofrequency protocol was performed in dorsal decubitus, with the head elevated at 45ºC (Celsius degrees). The application was in capacitive mode, with a 5 cm electrode, always in movement. The duration of the application was established in 20 minutes, maintaining the local temperature between 40ºC to 42 ºC at the epidermis. In this group, the radiofrequency device was switched off.<br>Device: Aerobic exercise<br>* Aerobic exercise protocol - 40 minutes of aerobic moderate-intensity exercise (45-55% of reserve heart rate) using Karvonen´s formula, performed on a cycloergometer. The duration of the exercise was divided into three parts: warm-up (from 0 to 5 minutes); body (from 5 to 35 minutes); and cooling (from 35 to 40 minutes). The entire protocol was monitored through the Polar® brand heart rate monitor and watch.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in glycerol concentration | Blood analysis collection was carried out with help from an clinical analysis technician. | 10 minutes before the intervention and 5 minutes after the intervention | 
| Subcutaneous abdominal tissue thickness | Measurement of the subcutaneous adipose fold by ultrasonography | before intervention and 2 week after (after 4 sessions of intervention ) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in lipid profile (LDL, HDL and triglyceride concentrations) | Blood analysis collection was carried out with help from an clinical analysis technician. | 10 minutes before the intervention and 5 minutes after the intervention |