A Study of Chromosomal Abnormalities as a Predictor of Staging and Prognosis in Patients With Liver Cancer

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide with high morbidity and mortality, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histological subtype. So far, liver resection is the most effective treatment but the postoperative recurrence rate is high at five years, and the prognosis is difficult to estimate. Microvascular invasion (MVI) and postoperative minimal residual disease (MRD) are crucial prognostic factors for patients undergoing hepatectomy. Although many laboratory and imaging methods have been established to estimate the recurrence risk, their stability and accuracy are still not high. To date, no unified conclusion is achieved. It's eagerly to screen out a batch of individualized staging and prognosis-related biological indicators for early warning and prediction of prognosis, having good stability and high precision. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) molecular detection technology is an emerging detection technology of tumor gene profiling in recent years, which can be used to predict and monitor tumor recurrence. In this study, by detecting genomic chromosomal abnormalities in plasma and tumor tissues of patients before and after surgery, the investigators hope to construct a preoperative MVI prediction model and a postoperative MRD monitoring model, so as to provide reference for the precise treatment of HCC.

Detailed Description
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MVI and MRD confirmed by postoperative pathology are important prognostic factors for recurrence after liver resection, but current assessment methods have low sensitivity and specificity. cfDNA refers to the partially degraded endogenous DNA in the circulating blood that is free from the extracellular part of the body. When derived from dead and lysed tumor cells, it is called ctDNA, having a high chromosomal instability and relating to the tumor subtype and process. By low coverage whole genome sequencing, cfDNA and ctDNA in plasma were extracted and sequenced and chromosomal instability analysis is realized through UCAD pipeline. Therefore, the investigators can predict the trend of tumor by detecting cfDNA in patients, indicate MVI and MRD, carry out individualized staging of patients, predict recurrence and prognosis, and verify the prediction efficiency through follow-up, so as to establish corresponding prediction models.

Official Title
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A Prospective Study of Early Warning and Predictive Indicators Related to the Individualized Staging and Prognosis in Liver Cancer Patients

Conditions
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Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Liver resection method


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 18 to 80 years old; clinical diagnosis of liver cancer; intend to perform surgical treatment; postoperative pathological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma; signed informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: Not diagnosed with liver mass; Not undergo liver resection; Postoperative pathological diagnosis of non-hepatocellular carcinoma; Under the age of 18 or over 80; Concomitant pregnancy; Concomitant serious complications, including end-stage lung disease, unstable coronary heart disease or congestive heart failure grade 3-4, chronic kidney disease stage 4-5, cirrhosis (Child-Pugh) grade C, immunodeficiency; Incomplete data records.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Anatomical resection group<br>Anatomical resection of liver cancer tissue | Procedure: Liver resection method<br>* undergo anatomical or non-anatomical resection of liver cancer<br>|
| Non-anatomical resection group<br>Non-anatomical resection of liver cancer tissue | Procedure: Liver resection method<br>* undergo anatomical or non-anatomical resection of liver cancer<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| MVI model | Establish a preoperative prediction model of MVI by detecting chromosomal abnormalities in peripheral blood cfDNA | 4 years | 
| MRD monitor | Monitor postoperative MRD in postoperative patients and predict the recurrence risk and prognosis by detecting chromosomal abnormalities in peripheral blood cfDNA. | 4 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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microvascular invasion, minimal residual disease, circulating cell-free DNA, chromosomal abnormalities