Better Understand Children and Adolescents' Intrafamilial Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM 5) as: A pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months exhibited during interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling. The disturbance in behavior is associated with distress in the individual or others in his or her immediate social context (e.g., family, peer group, work colleagues), or it impacts negatively on social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Children with classic oppositional defiant disorder, except for mild forms, show symptoms in several settings (at home, at school, with peers). In this study, the investigators will consider the specifics of children presenting intrafamilial oppositional defiant disorder (IODD). These children's symptoms are confined to only one setting: the home. Therefore, the aim of this study will be to characterize children with intrafamilial oppositional defiant disorder. The investigators want to understand the differences between IODD and classical forms of ODD in terms of psychiatric comorbidities, medical histories and cognitive abilities. They also investigate what clinicians currently do to help these families.

Detailed Description
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Definition: Extended description of the protocol, including more technical information (as compared to the Brief Summary), if desired. Do not include the entire protocol; do not duplicate information recorded in other data elements, such as Eligibility Criteria or outcome measures. Limit: 32,000 characters. Child-to-parent violence was kept secret for a long time. Searchers don't know much about this type of domestic violence, however they recently tried to investigate more on the subject. Bousquet et al. carried out a review of literature on the subject, and grouped the articles that they found. There was only one study concerned with children with Intrafamilial Oppositional Defiant Disorder (IODD) which is called in the study Oppositional Defiant Disorder with family tyranny (Delaunay et al., 2008). IODD is described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM) as a mild form of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). This term characterizes children that meet the criteria for ODD (a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness) but their symptoms are confined to only one setting: the home. Therefore, the aim of this study is to characterize Intrafamilial ODD children and the particularities of their families. Nowadays, new treatment strategies exist in Montpellier, designed to be used as group therapies. In these groups, non-violent resistance methods are taught to the parents. The efficiency of this therapy is currently being studied. To improve this therapy and to offer appropriate therapies to the children themselves, it is important to improve the acknowledgement of these tyrannical children. This is the aim of this study. To reach this goal, the investigators will compare the medical records of the children with IODD to those of the children with classic ODD. On one hand, they expect children with IODD to be more anxious and smarter than children with classic ODD. On the other hand, they expect they will have had diseases that changed interactions with their parents. They also assume they will come from small families: i.e. they may be an only child, educated by a single parent, or they may have wealthy parents. Finally, they hypothesize that clinicians won't treat the children with IODD the same way as those with classic ODD.

Official Title
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Observational Study on Intrafamilial Oppositional Defiant Disorder (IODD) in Children and Adolescents

Conditions
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder With Familial Setting

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Semi-directive interview (Kiddy Sads)
* Other: SDQ questionnaires (strenghs and difficulties questionnaire)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: Child diagnosed with ODD with KSADS_PL Child who was evaluated during a day evaluation at one of our unit cares: UDS (Unité de Diagnostic et de Soins) or UPP (Unité de Prévention Pédosychiatrique) Child included in the REACT study 16 years old or under Exclusion criteria: Child who has not been diagnosed with ODD Missing data in the parent report SDQ or teacher report SDQ preventing the SDQ total score calculation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 5 Years
Maximum Age: 16 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| classic oppositional defiant disorder<br>CODD Group:  classic  oppositional defiant disorder SDQ total difficulties score and the parents report SDQ total difficulties score: Group CODD ( classic  oppositional defiant disorder): teacher report SDQ total difficulties score (≥ 12), parents report SDQ total difficulties score (≥14) | Other: Semi-directive interview (Kiddy Sads)<br>* semi-directive interview (Kiddy Sads) conducted as part of the care<br>Other: SDQ questionnaires (strenghs and difficulties questionnaire)<br>* SDQ questionnaires (strenghs and difficulties questionnaire) conducted as part of the care<br>|
| intrafamilial oppositional defiant disorder<br>IODD group: intrafamilial oppositional defiant disorder SDQ total difficulties score and the parents report SDQ total difficulties score: Group IODD (Intrafamilial Oppositional Defiant Disorder): teacher report SDQ total difficulties score normal (<12), parents report SDQ total difficulties score abnormal (>16) | Other: Semi-directive interview (Kiddy Sads)<br>* semi-directive interview (Kiddy Sads) conducted as part of the care<br>Other: SDQ questionnaires (strenghs and difficulties questionnaire)<br>* SDQ questionnaires (strenghs and difficulties questionnaire) conducted as part of the care<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Measure of the prevalence of the anxiety disorder diagnosis | The psychometric test used to characterize the specific primary outcome measure is the Kiddie-SADS-PL Schedule For Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children Present and Lifetime Version. The K-SADS-PL is a semi-structured interview aimed at early diagnosis of affective disorders such as anxiety disorder, depression, bipolar disorder. It generates reliable and valid child psychiatric diagnoses (1). It is specifically designed for school children aged 6 to 18. In this study, the K-SADS-PL test is performed by psychiatry residents or by psychologists. The interview is performed during the evaluation day (hospital day care) or during the pre-study visit for patients participating in the  react  protocole. | 1 day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Measure of Intellectual qQuotient | The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is an individually administered intelligence test for children aged 6 to 16. The test generates a Full Scale IQ (formerly known as an intelligence quotient or IQ score) that represents a child's general intellectual ability. In our study, both WISC IV and WISC V have been used. The Fifth Edition is the most current version, and has therefore been used for the most recent tests. The WISC IV provides four index scores: Verbal Comprehension Index, Processing speed Index,Working Memory Index, Perceptual Reasoning Index (see below). The WISC V provides 5 index scores: Verbal Comprehension Index, Visual Spatial Index, Fluid Reasoning Index, Working Memory Index, and Processing Speed Index (see below). For the measure of the intellectual quotient and for the measure of all the index scores, the average is 80-120. Bellow average values represents poorer outcome. | 1 day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Oppositional defiant disorder, Family, Disruptive, impulse control and conduct disorders, Anxiety disorder, Intrafamilial disruptive behaviours disorder