Orphans and Vulnerable Children Risk Screening Tool Research Study (Zimbabwe)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Investigators propose to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of an HIV Risk Screening Tool in identifying the risk of being HIV-infected among Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) aged 2-18 years in a community setting.

Detailed Description
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In the first phase of the study, investigators will identify an optimal set of screening questions with acceptable sensitivity and false positive rate, based on the draft 11-question pilot tool. Using the identified questions, investigators will develop a composite screening tool and determine criteria that should be used for identifying children for testing with minimally acceptable sensitivity and false positive rates. In the second phase of the study, investigators will select optimal questions to create a composite screening tool and validate it in a similar study population. Investigators anticipate the accuracy of the tool will be much improved compared to the individual questions. Investigators will also assess the usability of the HIV Risk Screening Tool as measured by the time taken to administer the tool, and perceptions of its ease and simplicity.

Official Title
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Orphans and Vulnerable Children Risk Screening Tool Research Study (Zimbabwe)

Conditions
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Orphans, Children, Adolescents, Vulnerable Children, Adolescents, Community-based

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children/adolescents ages 2 up to 18 years living in a household and enrolled in WEI/Zimbabwe and/or partners program; Children/adolescents ages 2 up to 18 years with HIV status unknown, or who tested negative three or more months ago; Children/adolescents ages 2 up to 18 years who are healthy or ill (unless they are ill enough to require immediate hospitalization). Exclusion Criteria: Children/adolescents aged 2 up to 18 years tested HIV positive Children/adolescents ages 2 up to 18 years who require immediate hospitalization; Children/adolescents ages 2 up to 18 years who refuse/are refused participation.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 2 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Phase 1: Validity of various questions in predicting the probability of HIV among OVC (Screening tool) | Sensitivity and specificity of eleven questions in predicting HIV among OVC | Four weeks | 
| Phase 2: Validation of combined questions in predicting HIV among OVC (Validating Screen tool) | Validation of combined questions assessed from Phase 1 in predicting HIV among OVC | Six weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Usability of screening tool | CHWs who participate in the screening will be invited to participate in a short survey, offered in either Shona or English (depending on participant choice), on the ease, simplicity, and usability of the screening tool, as well as perceptions of the process | Two weeks |