Tracking Our Lives Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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College women are at risk for eating disorders, which have profound health impacts. Cross-sectional studies have shown that the use of dietary self-monitoring is associated with eating disorder risk among college students. However, causality cannot be established with cross-sectional studies. This study utilizes a randomized controlled trial design to examine how the use of a popular dietary self-monitoring smartphone application impacts college females' well-being, including eating disorder risk. We hypothesize those who are randomized to dietary self-monitoring will have a greater increase in eating disorder risk compared to the control group.

Official Title
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Impact of Using Self-monitoring Smartphone Applications on College Students' Well-being

Conditions
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Health Behavior, Eating Disorders, Mental Health Wellness 2

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Dietary self-monitoring


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: University of Michigan Ann Arbor undergraduate student Daily access to a smartphone Female gender At least 18 years of age Fluent in English Exclusion Criteria: Self-reported history of any medical condition that impacts the types or amount of food eaten Self-reported recent use of dietary self-monitoring Self-reported history of an active or past eating disorder Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form (EDE-QS) score ≥ 2, indicating high eating disorder risk

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention<br>Participants are instructed to use a popular dietary self-monitoring application on their smartphone for one month. | Other: Dietary self-monitoring<br>* Participants use a popular smartphone application to track their food and drink intake for one month.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Participants are not asked to use the smartphone application. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Eating Disorder Risk | Eating disorder risk will be measured on a survey via the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form (EDE-QS). The EDE-QS is a validated 12 question scale. Each question has a score range 0-3, and the average of all scores is the overall score. A higher score indicates higher risk. | 30 days | 
| Eating Disorder Risk | Measured via survey using the validated SCOFF questionnaire which consists of five questions. Each question is a yes/no and a yes receives one point with a total score ranging from 0-5. Higher scores indicate higher risk. Modified to ask about pounds instead of stone as a measure of weight. | 30 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Weight-Related Self-Monitoring | Measured via survey that includes single item measures asking about physical activity self-monitoring and self-weighing frequency. | 30 days | 
| Body Image | Assessed via survey using the validated 6 question Body Image States Scale (BISS). Scores are the mean of the six items, three of which are reverse coded. Higher scores mean better body image states. | 30 days | 
| Weight Stigma | Measured via survey using five single item questions. | 30 days | 
| Dietary Intake | Single item survey questions adapted from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System | 30 days | 
| Physical Activity | Single item survey questions adapted from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and an open ended question for amount of time physically active. | 30 days | 
| Weight perception | Assessed using two questions on a survey pertaining to BMI category and weight. | 30 days | 
| Body changing intentions | Assessed using single item question on a survey asking how, if at all, participants wanted to change their body. | 30 days | 
| Social Media Use | Use of common social media sites assessed using five single item measures on a survey. | 30 days | 
| Weight | Blind weights taken on research grade laboratory scale. | 30 days | 
| Subjective Quality of Life | Assessed using the Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Scale (BBQ) on a survey. The BBQ has 12 questions, each ranging from 0-4. Higher scores indicate higher subjective quality of life. | 30 days | 
| Anxiety | State anxiety as measured via survey using the short-form of the state scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The scale consists of 6 questions with a range of scores 1-4 for each question. Three positive questions are reverse coded and scores are added together with higher scores indicating higher state anxiety. | 30 days | 
| Depression Symptoms | Measured via survey using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-10). The CESD-R-10 is a 10 item scale with each question having the possibility of a score 0-3. Two questions are reverse coded, then scores from each question are added to give an overall score. Higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms. | 30 days |