The Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Timed 360° Turn Test in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the study is to investigate reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the timed 360° turn test in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Detailed Description
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At baseline, the timed 360° turn test, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, Four Square Step Test, and One-legged Stance Test is applied to the Multiple Sclerosis group. The timed 360° turn test is repeated after seven days from the first application in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Healthy controls are going to perform only the timed 360° turn test.

Official Title
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The Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Timed 360° Turn Test Test in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Conditions
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Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: The timed 360° turn test


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: at least 18 years, neurologist-diagnosed Multiple Sclerosis, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score < 7, able to walk 20 m with or without aids, no MS exacerbation within the last 2 months, use of stable medication in the last 2 months. Exclusion Criteria: other neurologic disorder, Pregnancy, orhopedic problems affecting gait and stance, visual, auditory, orientational problems that could affect study results, Cardiovascular, pulmonary, and humoral disease.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients with Multiple Sclerosis<br>The timed 360° turn test Berg Balance Scale Timed Up and Go test Functional Reach Test One-leg stance test Four square step test | Other: The timed 360° turn test<br>* The timed 360° turn test: Each participant turns around in place in a standing position for both sides. Berg Balance Scale: It has 14 items, each of which is scored from 0 (i.e, severely impaired balance) to 4 (i.e., no balance impairment). Timed Up and Go test: It requires individual to stand up from an armed chair, walk 3m, turn around, walk back to the armed chair, and sit down again. Functional Reach Test: It measures the maximum distance an individual is able to reach forward beyond arm's length in the standing position when maintaining a fixed base of support. One-leg stance test: Individuals were asked to stand on either their left or right leg. Four square step test: It requires an individual to step over obstacles in various directions including forward, backward, and sideways.<br>* Other names: Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, One-leg stance test, Four square step test;|
| Healthy Controls<br>-The timed 360° turn test | Other: The timed 360° turn test<br>* The timed 360° turn test: Each participant turns around in place in a standing position for both sides. Berg Balance Scale: It has 14 items, each of which is scored from 0 (i.e, severely impaired balance) to 4 (i.e., no balance impairment). Timed Up and Go test: It requires individual to stand up from an armed chair, walk 3m, turn around, walk back to the armed chair, and sit down again. Functional Reach Test: It measures the maximum distance an individual is able to reach forward beyond arm's length in the standing position when maintaining a fixed base of support. One-leg stance test: Individuals were asked to stand on either their left or right leg. Four square step test: It requires an individual to step over obstacles in various directions including forward, backward, and sideways.<br>* Other names: Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, One-leg stance test, Four square step test;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The timed 360° turn test | The timed 360° turn test evaluates turning ability. Higher durations indicate worse turning performance. | 1 minute | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Berg Balance Scale | Berg Balance Scale assesses functional balance. It consists of 14 functional tasks rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 4. The maximum score is 56 points. Higher scores indicate better functional balance. | 10 minutes | 
| Timed Up and Go test | Timed Up and Go test evaluates functional mobility. Higher durations indicate worse functional mobility. | 1 minute | 
| Functional Reach Test | Functional Reach Test is used to evaluate limits of stability. Higher distances indicate better limits of stability. | 1 minute | 
| Four Square Step Test | Four Square Step Test is used to assess dynamic balance. Higher durations indicate worse dynamic balance. | 1 minute | 
| One Leg Stance Test | One Leg Stance Test evaluates postural stability. Higher durations indicate better postural stability. | 3 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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The timed 360° turn test, Multiple sclerosis, reliability, validity