Research Study on the Effects of Smoking on Arteries

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The current proposal, will elucidate the role of oxidant stress (OS) on arterial function as measured by flow mediated vasodilation. In addition, the investigators will address the hypothesis, that a pro-oxidant might have different degrees of effects on different biological targets, by performing quantitative assessment of the effects of OS on lipids, proteins and DNA.

Official Title
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The Dose Effect Of Cigarette-Smoking On Indices Of Arterial Function And Oxidative Stress

Conditions
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Smoking

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Chronic smokers (of between 4 and 20 years duration) and non-smokers will be recruited to the GCRC. Smokers will be allocated to a light group, smoking 4-10 cigarettes per day and a heavy smoking group who smoke 11-20 cigarettes per day. Non-smokers will be defined as those with a life time consumption of no more than 20 cigarettes, do not live or work in a smoky atmosphere. All individuals will have a normal history and clinical examination, including a normal EKG, urinalysis and serum chemistry, haemogram and negative urinary pregnancy test. Exclusion Criteria: previously suffered an acute major cardiovascular event those with a chronic disease those taking chronic medication those with a history of alcoholism or substance abuse Ex-smokers Subjects, who have less than or equal to 60% platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Light smokers<br>2 blood draws, 3 urine collections and a test called an FMD which tests the circulation in your arm via ultrasound will be performed on the study day. Subjects will bring their own cigarettes on that day and smoke their regular amount. Female subjects will also have a pregnancy test done on the test day. | |
| Heavy Smokers<br>2 blood draws, 3 urine collections and a test called an FMD which tests the circulation in your arm via ultrasound will be performed on the study day. Subjects will bring their own cigarettes on that day and smoke their regular amount. Female subjects will also have a pregnancy test done on the test day. | |
| Non Smokers<br>2 blood draws, 3 urine collections and a test called an FMD which tests the circulation in your arm via ultrasound will be performed on the study day. Female subjects will also have a pregnancy test done on the test day. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To assess the dose-related effects of cigarette smoking on flow mediated arterial function in humans. |  | Study Day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To assess the dose-related effects of cigarette smoking on COX activation. |  | Twice during study day | 
| To assess the dose-related effects of cigarette smoking on novel indices of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA modification by lipid adducts. |  | Study day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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smoking