Effects of White Rice, Brown Rice, and Black Rice on Postprandial Glucose and Lipid Profiles in Healthy Korean Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study was an open, 5-treatment, 5-sequence, 5-day cross-over randomized design clinical trial. The present study was carried out to compare the effects of white rice, brown rice, and black rice on postprandial glucose and lipid profiles in healthy human subjects, using a white bread as a positive control.

Detailed Description
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After a 12-hour fast, oral glucose and meal tolerance was measured with blood samples drawn at times 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes and TG was at time 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours. Serum levels of glucose, insulin, and TG were analyzed by biochemical autoanalyzer. The area under the curve (AUC) changes in blood glucose, TG were computed by the trapezoidal method. Glycemic index(GI): the area under the glucose response curve after consumption of a test food divided by the area under the curve after consumption of a control food containing the same amount of carbohydrate and calculated using 50 g glucose as the reference.

Official Title
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A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: White rice diet
* Dietary Supplement: Brown rice diet
* Dietary Supplement: Black rice diet
* Dietary Supplement: Bread
* Other: Glucose solution


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Males, 19 60years old Bodyweight was more than 50 kg with ideal body weight within ±30% triglyceride (TG) levels less than 200 mg/dL Fasting blood glucose levels less than 100 mg/dL and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) less than 140 mg/dL Able to give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Major medical illness such as cardiovascular, neurologic, psychiatric, renal, pulmonary and hepatic diseases History of disease that could interfere with the test products or impede their absorption such as gastrointestinal disease or gastrointestinal surgery Medical or psychological conditions deemed by the investigators to interfere with successful participation in the study Poor vital sign (systolic blood pressure: below 100 mmHg or above 150 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure: below 65 mmHg or above95 mmHg) Allergic or hypersensitive to any of the ingredients in the test products; treated with any drug within past 2 weeks Participation in any other clinical trials within past 2 months Alcohol consumption above 21 units per week or abnormal screening laboratory test Being judged by the responsible physician of the local study center as unfit to participate in the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 19 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: White rice<br> | Dietary Supplement: White rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Brown rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Black rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Bread<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>* Other names: control diet;Other: Glucose solution<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products.and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 10 min.<br>* Other names: Reference diet;|
| Experimental: Brown rice<br> | Dietary Supplement: White rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Brown rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Black rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Bread<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>* Other names: control diet;Other: Glucose solution<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products.and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 10 min.<br>* Other names: Reference diet;|
| Experimental: Black rice<br> | Dietary Supplement: White rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Brown rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Black rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Bread<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>* Other names: control diet;Other: Glucose solution<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products.and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 10 min.<br>* Other names: Reference diet;|
| Active Comparator: Bread<br> | Dietary Supplement: White rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Brown rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Black rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Bread<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>* Other names: control diet;Other: Glucose solution<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products.and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 10 min.<br>* Other names: Reference diet;|
| Active Comparator: Glucose solution<br> | Dietary Supplement: White rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Brown rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Black rice diet<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>Dietary Supplement: Bread<br>* All test foods contained 50 g available carbohydrate from the test food products. A glass of 250 ml water was served together with the clinical trial food, and the participants were instructed to ingest the breakfast with 15 min<br>* Other names: control diet;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. Glucose, insulin AUC(incremental area under the curve) 2. Glycemic index(GI) | Plasma glucose and insulin will be measured at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 minutes post ingestion of each test solution, and area under the curve will be calculated. Glycemic index (GI) was defined as the area under the glucose response curve after consumption of a test food divided by the area under the curve after consumption of a control food containing the same amount of carbohydrate and calculated using 50 g glucose as the reference. Plasma glucose will be measured at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post ingestion of each test solution. GI= (incremental blood glucose area of test meal/incremental area of glucose) × 100 | 2 hour postprandial blood glucose, insulin | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Triglyceride iAUC(incremental area under the curve) | Triglyceride will be measured at baseline, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours post ingestion of each test solution, and area under the curve will be calculated. | 6 hour postprandial blood triglyceride(TG) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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male, Glucose, Triglyceride, Glycemic index, White rice, Brown rice, Black rice, Bread