The Reliability and Validity of the L-test in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Walking safely inside or outside is an important function in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) that affects their daily life activity and participation. Loss of functional mobility is the major component of walking disorders in PwMS. Therefore, it is important to evaluate functional mobility. Many functional mobility tests have been used for PwMS; however, these tests generally focus on walking speed and endurance. On the other hand, the L test, a variation of the timed up and go test (TUG), is a functional mobility measurement tool that extends the total walking distance to 20 meters and also requires the patients to turn both clockwise and counterclockwise. Although L the test is an easy-to-use, short-term test method that evaluates higher-level components of functional mobility such as turns and transfers, to our knowledge, no study has systematically examined the reliability and validity of the L test in PwMS yet. In addition, the cut-off times that best discriminate PwMS from healthy people and fallers with non-fallers with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have not been reported. Therefore, this study planned to investigate the reliability, validity, and discrimination of the L test in PwMS.

Detailed Description
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At baseline, the L test, Timed Up and Go test, 10 meter walk test, six minute walk test, and the timed 360 turn test will be applied to the Multiple Sclerosis group. The L test will be repeated after seven days after the first application in PwMS. Healthy controls are going to perform only the L test.

Official Title
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The Reliability and Validity of the L-test in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Conditions
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Multiple Sclerosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: L test
* Other: Timed Up and Go test
* Other: 10 meter walk test
* Other: Six Minute Walk Test
* Other: The timed 360° turn test


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age at least 18 years, Neurologist-diagnosed Multiple Sclerosis, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 0-5, No MS exacerbation within the last 3 months, Use of stable medication in the last 3 months. Exclusion Criteria: Having any vision, hearing, or perception problems that may affect the research results, Having an orthopedic problem that will prevent walking and standing Having a cardiovascular, pulmonary, or hormonal disorder

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| multiple sclerosis<br>Patients with Multiple Sclerosis | Other: L test<br>* The test includes standing up from a chair, walking in a straight line for 3 m, turning to the right, walking in a straight line for 7 m, turning around, walking back 7 m along the same line, turning to the left, walk 3 m in a straight line to the chair, and then sit down.<br>Other: Timed Up and Go test<br>* The test requires the individual to stand up from an armed chair, walk 3m, turn around, walk back to the armed chair, and sit down again.<br>Other: 10 meter walk test<br>* In the test, the clinician measures the time taken to walk a distance of 10 m from a standing position. Participants are asked to walk along a 14 m long walkway.<br>Other: Six Minute Walk Test<br>* This test measures the distance (in m) that an individual is able to walk at a comfortable speed for 6 minutes. Starting from a standing position, participants walk continuously around two pylons placed 30 m apart for 6 minutes. The distance is recorded end of the test.<br>Other: The timed 360° turn test<br>* Each participant turns around in place in a standing position for both sides.<br>|
| healthy controls<br>healthy controls | Other: L test<br>* The test includes standing up from a chair, walking in a straight line for 3 m, turning to the right, walking in a straight line for 7 m, turning around, walking back 7 m along the same line, turning to the left, walk 3 m in a straight line to the chair, and then sit down.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| L test | The L test evaluates functional mobility. Higher durations indicate worse functional mobility performance. | baseline | 
| L test-second assessment | The L test evaluates functional mobility. Higher durations indicate worse functional mobility performance. | the second assessment will be conducted after the seven days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Timed Up and Go test | Timed Up and Go test evaluates functional mobility. Higher durations indicate worse functional mobility. | Baseline | 
| 10 meter walk test | 10 meter walk test is a performance measure used to assess walking speed in meters per second over a short distance. It can be employed to determine functional mobility and gait. | Baseline | 
| 6 minute walk test | This test measures the distance (in m) that an individual is able to walk at a comfortable speed for 6 minutes. Starting from a standing position, participants walk continuously around two pylons placed 30 m apart for 6 minutes. The distance is measured end of the test. | Baseline | 
| the timed 360° turn test | The timed 360° turn test is an easily administered, not time-consuming, and specific measurement tool to assess turning ability. It measures the time taken for an individual to 360° turn around in a standing position. The timed 360° turn test is also correlated with balance and functional mobility. | Baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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L test, multiple sclerosis, functional mobility, reliability, validity