Bone Quality and Quantity Following Guided Bone Regeneration

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Edentulism refers to a state of full or partial lack of teeth. This situation may interfere with essential functions such as mastication, speech and even appearance. Dental implants inserted to the mandible or maxilla is a common treatment modality aiming to restore edentulus alveolar ridges by providing support and anchorage for removable or fixed dental prosthesis.There are cases which in addition to a lack of teeth suffer from lack of sufficient bone tissue volume to support the dental implant.A situation like this may originate from a variety of reasons such as residual bone atrophy, prior alveolar bone destruction due to periodontal disease and even a traumatic tooth extraction. In such cases, a routine alveolar bone augmentation is done to enable a dental implant installation at this site.Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a widely used technique used to augment edentulus bone ridges. It relies on an inert membrane covering a bone substitute placed over the bony site requiring augmentation. The bone substitute provides a scaffold to alveolar regeneration by the host's osteoblasts while the membrane prevents unwanted epithelial cells to migrate to the bony defect area. The investigators research is a aimed to preform a follow up after patients who already went through a GBR procedure and before inserting a dental implant. Patients answering the inclusion but not the exclusion criteria will go through an alveolar computerized tomography (C.T) done routinely before inserting dental implants.At the day of Dental implantation - residual bone left from the site of implantation (after preparing the site with a trephine bur) will be taken to a histological analysis. The results from the C.T and the histological examination will be analyzed for bone quantity (volume) and quality and will allow a comparison of bone characteristics obtained by using different routinely used bone substitutes.

Official Title
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Examining Bone Quantity and Quality Following Standard Guided Bone Regeneration Procedures

Conditions
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Alveolar Ridge Augmentation

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy men and women over 18 years of age, eligible for signing Patients who went through a GBR procedure previous to an insertion of a dental implant which hasn't been inserted yet Patients who understand the meaning of the treatment (routine dental implant insertion) and the follow up study, and approves participation in booth of them Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or nursing women. children or non judgemental patients Patients with uncontrolled diabetas mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis or osteoporosis. Patients with a pathology present near the site of dental implantation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| patients after GBR procedure<br>The study will comprise of patients who already underwent a routine Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) procedure in order to augment a bony ridge before dental implant insertion. The patients will be followed up in order to determine bone quality and quantity formed after the usage of routinely used bone substitutes during GBR procedure. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Volume of the new bone formed after a GBR procedure | Bone volume obtained following a GBR procedure will be detemined through a comparison of a 3 dimensional analysis of computed tomography images done before and after the GBR procedure. | Volume of the new bone formed after the GBR procedure will be determined 6-7 months after the GBR procedure and before the insertion of dental implants. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bone quality | The collected bone sample will be subjected to histo-morphometric analysis in order to determine the size, shape and orientation of the bony trabeculae,the size and porosity of the bony cortex in addition to the new bone/ bone substitute ratio. | Bone quality will be assesed through histological analysis that will be carried out at the time of implants insertion 7-8 months after the GBR procedure. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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follow up, Guided bone regeneration, Micro computerized tomography, histological examination