Effect of Mindfulness Education in Primiparous Pregnant Women

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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While adaptation is generally achieved to the psychological changes that develop during pregnancy, some women may experience psychological changes such as contradiction, uncertainty, introversion, passive personality, addiction, fear, and anxiety in different periods of pregnancy. During this period, the fear of childbirth may also be experienced in pregnant women. Fear of childbirth or tokophobia is a phobic condition in which a woman avoids giving birth despite desperately wanting a baby. While fear of childbirth can have a negative impact on women's psychological health during pregnancy and birth experience, it is associated with negative obstetric outcomes and postpartum mental health problems. It is possible that the fear of childbirth reduces the mother's attachment to the fetus. Fear increases avoidant attachment and anxiety, which may be associated with lower commitment scores. There is a strong relationship between fear of childbirth and negative birth outcomes. Both affect the psychological well-being of the mother, adjustment to motherhood, and the quality of the mother's relationship with the baby. Knowing the fear of childbirth is important as it is associated with various health problems such as certain physiological and obstetric disorders and they can increase the possibility of emergency cesarean section. Mindfulness-based interventions combine elements of established cognitive behavioral therapy and psychoeducational content to support a self-effective approach to reduce stress-related symptoms and improve mental and physical well-being. Mindfulness-based practices that involve focusing on the present moment and accepting life without judgment are one of the effective ways to prepare for childbirth, help women feel more empowered and aware of their motherhood processes, and give mothers the opportunity to share knowledge and emotions. Mindfulness-based birth education intervention appears to be applicable for women and is associated with improvements in women's sense of control and confidence in giving birth.

Official Title
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Effect of Mindfulness Education on Fear of Childbirth, Mode of Delivery, Childbirth Experience and Prenatal and Maternal Attachment in Primiparous Pregnant Women

Conditions
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Pregnancy Related, Mindfulness, Fear of Childbirth, Attitude

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Mindfulness education


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: over 18 years 28-32. in gestational week First pregnancy Understands and speaks Turkish Single pregnancy Having at least primary school education Exclusion Criteria: Having a high-risk pregnancy Receiving psychotherapy or medication in the last six months before the study with chronic disease Participating in childbirth preparation courses Planning a cesarean delivery with a diagnosed psychiatric illness Pregnant women with previous yoga and meditation experience Pregnant women with a high gestational age will be excluded from the study due to the possibility of giving birth before the end of the follow-up period
Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control group<br>44 pregnant women won't receive mindfulness training | |
| Experimental: experimental group mindfulness education<br>mindfulness education 44 pregnant women will receive mindfulness training | Behavioral: Mindfulness education<br>* 44 primiparous pregnant women will receive mindfulness education<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire A (W-DEQ A) | determining the level fear of childbirth | 28-32. pregnant women | 
| Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire A (W-DEQ A) | determining the level fear of childbirth | After 32 weeks of pregnancy | 
| Prenatal Attachment Inventory | determine prenatal mother-infant attachment | 28-32. pregnant women | 
| Prenatal Attachment Inventory | determine prenatal mother-infant attachment | After 32 weeks of pregnancy | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale | determine maternal fetal attachment | postpartum 1st month | 
| Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire B (W-DEQ B) | determining the level fear of childbirth | postpartum 1st month | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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primiparous, pregnant women, fear of childbirth, prenatal attachment, mindfulness education, childbirth experiences, mode of birth, maternal attachment, nursing