Influence of Periodontal Treatment During Pregnancy in Adverse Pregnant Outcomes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of treatment of periodontal disease during the second trimester of gestation in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnant patients during the 1st and 2nd trimesters at antenatal care in a Public Health Center will be divided into two groups: NIG- 'no intervention' or IG- 'intervention,' according to agreement in receive periodontal treatment during pregnancy. Treatment will be performed by a single periodontist consisting of scaling and root planning (SRP), professional prophylaxis (PROPH) and oral hygiene instruction (OHI). Patients at NIG will receive PROPH and OHI during pregnancy and will be referred for treatment after delivery. Periodontal evaluation will be performed by a single trained examiner, blinded to periodontal treatment, according to probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and sulcular bleeding index (SBI) at baseline and 35 gestational weeks-28 days post-partum. Primary adverse pregnancy outcomes to be addressed are: preterm birth (< 37 weeks), low birth weight (< 2.500 Kg), late abortion (14-24 weeks) or abortion (< 14 weeks). The results obtained will be statistically evaluated according to OR, unpaired t test and paired t test. It is expected that periodontal treatment during the second trimester of gestation will result in decreased rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Detailed Description
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All patients entering the study at the 1st and 2nd trimesters will be invited to participate in an oral health program, including oral hygiene instruction, caries diagnosis and treatment, and evaluation and treatment of periodontal conditions during the second trimester. Those who refuse to receive periodontal treatment during pregnancy will constitute the 'no intervention' control group (NIG), while those who agree in receiving dental and periodontal treatment during the second trimester of gestation will constitute the 'intervention' group (IG). Patients are going to be evaluated by a single calibrated periodontist blinded in relation to periodontal treatment, which will be performed by another periodontist. Treatment consists of scaling and root planning, professional prophylaxis and oral hygiene instruction. Obstetrical data, birth weight and gestation duration will be recorded after examination and recording by the responsible obstetrician and nursery staff.

Official Title
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Influence of Periodontal Treatment in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at a Public Health Center in Adverse Pregnant Outcomes: a Controlled Clinical Trial

Conditions
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Periodontal Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Scaling and root planning


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: confirmed singleton gestations pregnancy of 9-24 systemically healthy women age range: 16-39 years old Exclusion Criteria: non confirmed pregnancy age inferior to 16 years or superior to 39 years multiple gestations smoking alcohol or drugs abuse history of congenital heart disease current use of corticosteroids or antibiotics presence of systemic conditions (eg: diabetes, hypertension, or genitor-urinary infections)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 16 Years
Maximum Age: 39 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Periodontal treatment<br>Scaling and root planning | Other: Scaling and root planning<br>* Intervention will consist of supra and subgingival scaling and root planning performed by a single trained periodontist using Gracey curettes (Hu-Friedy, Chicago, USA) without local or general anesthesia during the second trimester of gestation, followed by professional prophylaxis and oral hygiene instruction. Treatment will be performed only once during study.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Primary outcome measures recorded are: preterm birth (PTB), defined as delivery < 37 weeks; low birth weight (LBW), defined as < 2.500Kg birth weight; preterm birth and low birth weight |  | Within 30 days after delivery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Secondary outcome measures are: late abortion (14-24 gestational weeks); and abortion (< 14 gestational weeks) |  | Within 30 days after development | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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periodontal disease, pregnancy, periodontal treatment