Effects of Diaphragm and Abdominal Muscle Training on PFT and Dyspnea Among COPD Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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It will be a randomized control trial at Services Hospital Lahore through convenience sampling technique which will be allocated through simple random sampling through sealed opaque enveloped in to Group A and Group B . Group A: patients will be treated with basic breathing technique whereas Group B: will be treated by will be breathing technique along with diaphragm and abdominal training. The study will be completed within 6 months after synopsis approval from ethical Committee of RCRS & AHS . Data will be entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25. After assessing the normality of data , it will be decided either parametric or non-parametric test will be use within a group or between two groups.

Detailed Description
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a set of diseases that cause airflow obstruction, breathing difficulties, wheezing and chest tightness. Risk factors are smoking and non-tobacco-smoking, the use of biomass fuel and open fires for domestic purposes in poorly ventilated households. Physiotherapy is an important component of multidisciplinary therapies. Airway clearing, pulmonary rehabilitation, inspiratory muscle training, and non-invasive ventilation is the prior treatment .The aim of this study will be to find the effects of diaphragm and abdominal muscle training on pulmonary function testing and dyspnea among COPD patients . It will be a randomized control trial at Services Hospital Lahore through convenience sampling technique which will be allocated through simple random sampling through sealed opaque enveloped in to Group A and Group B . Group A: patients will be treated with basic breathing technique whereas Group B: will be treated by will be breathing technique along with diaphragm and abdominal training. The study will be completed within 6 months after synopsis approval from ethical Committee of RCRS & AHS . Data will be entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25. After assessing the normality of data , it will be decided either parametric or non-parametric test will be use within a group or between two groups.

Official Title
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Effects of Diaphragm and Abdominal Muscle Training on Pulmonary Function Testing and Dyspnea Among Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.

Conditions
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: • Diaphragmatic breathing technique
* Other: basic breathing technique


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age group of 35-60 years Moderate COPD patients. Cognitive no previous surgery clinically stable COPD patients with reduced inspiratory muscle strength [Pi and persistent activity-related dyspnea Exclusion Criteria: Acute attack Severe copd Inability to perform physiological testing active cardiovascular comorbidity (i.e., severe heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiomyopathy, recent acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, or stroke), Unstable Red Flags Like: Fever, Night Sweats, Malaise

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 35 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group A<br>Group A: will be treated with basic breathing technique. | Other: basic breathing technique<br>* Deep Breathing for 15 minutes<br>|
| Experimental: Group B<br>Group B: will be treated by will be breathing technique along with diaphragm and abdominal training. | Other: • Diaphragmatic breathing technique<br>* In supine position, the participant inhales through the mouth for 5 s to expand the abdomen to the maximal level, minimizing movement of the thorax, and performs a long exhalation to maintain a lower abdominal contraction and retroversion of the pelvis<br>* Other names: • Abdominal breathing technique;Other: basic breathing technique<br>* Deep Breathing for 15 minutes<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| • Spirometer for pulmonary function testing FVC | The most effective and common method for diagnosing COPD is spirometry. Its also known as a pulmonary function test or PFT. This easy, painless test measures lung function and capacity. To perform this test, you will exhale as forcefully as possible intoThe most effective and common method for diagnosing COPD is spirometry. Its also known as a pulmonary function test or PFT. This easy, painless test measures lung function and capacity. To perform this test, you will exhale as forcefully as possible into a tube connected to the spirometer, a small machine. a tube connected to the spirometer, a small machine. | 4 months | 
| • Spirometer for pulmonary function testing FVC1 | The most effective and common method for diagnosing COPD is spirometry. Its also known as a pulmonary function test or PFT. This easy, painless test measures lung function and capacity. To perform this test, you will exhale as forcefully as possible intoThe most effective and common method for diagnosing COPD is spirometry. Its also known as a pulmonary function test or PFT. This easy, painless test measures lung function and capacity. To perform this test, you will exhale as forcefully as possible into a tube connected to the spirometer, a small machine. a tube connected to the spirometer, a small machine. | 4 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| • Dyspnea MDP | Use these scales to rate the intensity of the breathing sensations you feel [felt] (like the loudness of sound, regardless of whether the sensation is pleasant or unpleasant; for example a sensation could be intense without being unpleasant.) | 4 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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dyspnea, pulmonary function testing, diaphragmatic training, abdominal training