The Effect of Education and Counseling Based on HypnoBreastfeeding

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to determine the effect of education and counseling based on the hypno-breastfeeding philosophy given in the antenatal period on only breastfeeding status, breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding motivation.

Detailed Description
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This is a non-randomized experimental study. Data were collected from 80 women who attended hypno-breastfeeding-based education or standart breastfeeding education from Turkey between September 2021 and February 2022. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were informed about the purpose of the study and hypno-breastfeeding-based education or standart breastfeeding education, informed consent was obtained from those who agreed to participate. Data were collected at the time of consent to the study, pre-education, post-education, 1 week and 8 weeks after birth. Collected by the first author. The CONSORT directive was followed in the planning, implementation and writing of the research.

Official Title
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The Effect of Education and Counseling Based on HypnoBreastfeeding Philosophy on Breastfeeding Status, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Breastfeeding Motivation

Conditions
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Hypno-breastfeeding Education

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Hypno-breastfeeding Education
* Behavioral: Experimental: Standart Breastfeeding Education


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Must be able to a healthy pregnancy, Native language is Turkish, Have single fetus Must be able to breastfeeding with her baby Must be able to join wit education. Exclusion Criteria: Complications, Psychological or psychiatric disorder, Un-available follow-upps

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Hypno-breastfeeding Education<br>An announcement was made on social media platforms for hypno-breastfeeding education programme, and they were invited to the education. Pre-applicant women were informed about the education and research process and their informed consent was signed via e-mail. An average of 4-5 women were included in each group. this group, the training consisted of 4 sessions and a total of 12 hours. It included information about breastfeeding, hypnosis approaches and different techniques. In line with the demands of the group, the session days and hours were decided with together. The Hypno-Breastfeeding Education Programme was offered to each group in a maximum of 2 weeks. | Behavioral: Hypno-breastfeeding Education<br>* The hypnobreastfeeding education program consists of 4 sessions and 12 hours. It includes information about breastfeeding, mental preparation for the breastfeeding experience, emotional studies, motivational practices, awareness and self-compassion practices.<br>|
| Experimental: Standart Breastfeeding Education<br>An announcement was made on social media platforms for standart breatfeeding education programme, and they were invited to the education. Pre-applicant women were informed about the education and research process and their informed consent was signed via e-mail.This education was done in one go. In this group, the training consisted of 1 sessions and a total of 3 hours. It included only information about breastfeeding. | Behavioral: Experimental: Standart Breastfeeding Education<br>* The standard breastfeeding education program consists of 1 session and 3 hours. It contains only information and applications about breastfeeding.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Level of breastfeeding self-efficacy | Women's breastfeeding self-efficacy during pregnancy were evaluated with the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale. This scale was developed by Dennis et al (2003) for fear after childbirth. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were performed by Tokat et al. (2010). This scale consisting of 14 items is a 5-point Likert-type. The positive-meaning items are scored in reverse order. Therefore, the scores ranged from 14 to 70. The scale has no cutoff score, and high scores indicated higher breastfeedin self- efficacy. There are two versions of the scale used during pregnancy and postpartum. In both versions, the items are the same and the tenses change. In order to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of both antenatal and postnatal versions of the scale, language, structure and predictive validity analyzes were performed and the Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.87 for the antenatal measurement tool and 0.86 for the postnatal measurement tool. | Between 28-34 weeks of pregnancy | 
| Level of breastfeeding self-efficacy | Women's breastfeeding self-efficacy during pregnancy were evaluated with the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale. This scale was developed by Dennis et al (2003) for fear after childbirth. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were performed by Tokat et al. (2010). This scale consisting of 14 items is a 5-point Likert-type. The positive-meaning items are scored in reverse order. Therefore, the scores ranged from 14 to 70. The scale has no cutoff score, and high scores indicated higher breastfeedin self- efficacy. There are two versions of the scale used during pregnancy and postpartum. In both versions, the items are the same and the tenses change. In order to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of both antenatal and postnatal versions of the scale, language, structure and predictive validity analyzes were performed and the Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.87 for the antenatal measurement tool and 0.86 for the postnatal measurement tool. | Between 30-36 weeks of pregnancy | 
| Level of breastfeeding self-efficacy | Women's breastfeeding self-efficacy at the postpartum period were evaluated with the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale. This scale was developed by Dennis et al (2003) for fear after childbirth. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were performed by Tokat et al. (2010). This scale consisting of 14 items is a 5-point Likert-type. The positive-meaning items are scored in reverse order. Therefore, the scores ranged from 14 to 70. The scale has no cutoff score, and high scores indicated higher breastfeedin self- efficacy. There are two versions of the scale used during pregnancy and postpartum. In both versions, the items are the same and the tenses change. In order to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of both antenatal and postnatal versions of the scale, language, structure and predictive validity analyzes were performed and the Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.87 for the antenatal measurement tool and 0.86 for the postnatal measurement tool. | Postpartum 1st week | 
| Level of breastfeeding motivation | In order to improve the breastfeeding motivation of women in the postpartum period, Peleg et al. Breastfeeding Motivation Scale was developed by in 2015. The scale consists of 24 items and 5 sub-dimensions. The scale does not have a total score. The scores of the sub-dimensions are calculated by taking the average of the sub-dimension scores of the scale. As the score obtained from the scale sub-dimension increases, the motivation score representing that sub-dimension also increases. The Turkish adaptation of the scale was carried out by Mızrak and Özdoğan in 2017, and the cronbach alpha value was determined as 0.88. | Postpartum 1st week | 
| Breastfeeding Process Evaluation Form | The breastfeeding process evaluation form was created by the researchers as a result of the literature review in order to determine the status of exclusive breastfeeding in the first eight weeks and the factors affecting it. Breastfeeding processes evaluation form consists of 20 questions. | Postpartum 1st week | 
| Level of breastfeeding self-efficacy | Women's breastfeeding self-efficacy at the postpartum period were evaluated with the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale. This scale was developed by Dennis et al (2003) for fear after childbirth. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were performed by Tokat et al. (2010). This scale consisting of 14 items is a 5-point Likert-type. The positive-meaning items are scored in reverse order. Therefore, the scores ranged from 14 to 70. The scale has no cutoff score, and high scores indicated higher breastfeedin self- efficacy. There are two versions of the scale used during pregnancy and postpartum. In both versions, the items are the same and the tenses change. In order to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of both antenatal and postnatal versions of the scale, language, structure and predictive validity analyzes were performed and the Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.87 for the antenatal measurement tool and 0.86 for the postnatal measurement tool. | Postpartum 8 st week | 
| Level of breastfeeding motivation | In order to improve the breastfeeding motivation of women in the postpartum period, Peleg et al. Breastfeeding Motivation Scale was developed by in 2015. The scale consists of 24 items and 5 sub-dimensions. The scale does not have a total score. The scores of the sub-dimensions are calculated by taking the average of the sub-dimension scores of the scale. As the score obtained from the scale sub-dimension increases, the motivation score representing that sub-dimension also increases. The Turkish adaptation of the scale was carried out by Mızrak and Özdoğan in 2017, and the cronbach alpha value was determined as 0.88. | Postpartum 8 st week | 
| Breastfeeding Process Evaluation Form | The breastfeeding process evaluation form was created by the researchers as a result of the literature review in order to determine the status of exclusive breastfeeding in the first eight weeks and the factors affecting it. Breastfeeding processes evaluation form consists of 20 questions. | Postpartum 8 st week |