The Effect of Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Block and Intraoperative Intercostal Nerve Block on Postoperative Analgesia in Thoracic Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to compare the effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block and interthoracic intercostal nerve block in thoracic surgery. Interthoracic intercostal nerve block is a routine procedure during the surgery by the surgeon in our hospital, and ultrasound-guide erector spinae plane block is a relative new developed regional analgesia technique introduced since 2016 and mainly done by anesthesiologists. Both technique provide analgesic effect to some extent and reduce opiate consumption and side effects. However, no previous literature or research compare the effect of these two technique in thoracic surgery. The primary endpoint of our study is compare morphine consumption and pain score between patients undergo ESP block and patients undergo ICNB after thoracic surgery; the second endpoint is to compare the recovery condition evaluated by QoR-15 questionaire 24 hours after surgery.

Detailed Description
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Sample size estimation is based on our APS team data, in which the average cumulative morphine consumption in patients underwent VATS surgery with ICNB was calculated. The mean cumulative morphine consumption was 15±8 mg of patients underwent VATS with ICNB. We assume the difference between ICNB and ESPB group reach 5 mg and aim for a power of 95 % and a risk of 0.05 for a type-1 error, at least 42 for each group needing to be recruited. 50 patients for each group, total 100 patients will be collected to avoid dropouts. Patient will be allocated to one of the trial groups using a computer-generated random number table once the consent was approved. First group is ICNB group and the second group is ESPB group. The general anesthesia agents, induction process and routine care are the same for both groups. Once aforementioned routine cares are done, the patient will be turn into lateral decubitus position. Echo-guided ESP block will be performed after patients are turned into lateral decubitus position in ESP group; on the other side, local anesthetics will be injected at incision site and intrathoracic intercostal nerve block will be performed in ICNB group right after the surgeon makes the incision site and get into chest cavity. Pain score (VAS) and cumulative morphine consumption will be recorded in PACU, postoperative 24H, 48H, and before discharge. Recovery condition will be evaluated via QoR-15 questionnaire in postoperative 24H, furthermore, we will follow up the patient's pain and recovery status 3 months after the operation. After collecting above data, the effect of ESP group and ICNB group on acute pain relieve, chronic pain control and recovery enhancement will be evaluated.

Official Title
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The Effect of Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Block and Intraoperative Intercostal Nerve Block on Postoperative Analgesia in Thoracic Surgery

Conditions
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Anesthesia, Postoperative Pain, Ultrasound Therapy; Complications

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Intrathoracic Intercostal Nerve Block
* Procedure: Erector Spinae Plane Block


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patient receive thoracic surgery BMI between 18.5 30.0 kg.m-2 Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant woman Patient with any one of following chronic organ dysfunction: Heart failure (NYHA score =III、IV); Renal failure (eGFR< 60 ml.min-1.1.73m-2) Arrhythmia Ongoing infection or septic patient Chronic use of analgesic with addiction Coagulopathy that is not suitable for regional anesthesia performance Thoracic surgery that is not suitable for placement of endotracheal blocker tube Redo surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: ICNB group<br>After patient was turned to lateral decubitus position, local anesthetics is injected around incision site and ICNB is performed once after surgeon geys into chest cavity. | Procedure: Intrathoracic Intercostal Nerve Block<br>* Injection of local anesthetic into the subcostal groove, to achieve analgesia for chest region.<br>* Other names: ICNB;|
| Experimental: ESPB group<br>After patient was turned to lateral decubitus position, ESPB is performed via ultrasound guided technique before sound incision. | Procedure: Erector Spinae Plane Block<br>* Injection of local anesthetic in the plane deep to the erector spinae muscles and superficial to the transverse processes, to achieve analgesia for chest region.<br>* Other names: ESPB;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain intensity | Pain intensities in two category, namely static and dynamic, gauged by a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale, (no pain to severe pain) | Postoperative 48 hours | 
| Postoperative analgesic consumption | Cumulative morphine consumption in postoperative two days | Postoperative 48 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Recovery quality: questionnaire | Postoperative recovery quality assessed by Quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) questionnaire, with a score range of 0-150, (poor recovery to excellent recovery) | Postoperative 24 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Erector Spinae Plane Block, ESPB, Intercostal Nerve Block, ICNB, Thoracic surgery, Postoperative pain, Quality of recovery