Does the Response to a Mini-fluid Challenge of 3ml/kg in 2 Minutes Predict Fluid Responsiveness for Pediatric Patient?

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To predict fluid responsiveness in anesthetized pediatric patient is not an easy task although anesthesia provider has to deal with this question on their daily practices. Today, very few parameters can help anesthesia provider to predict fluid responsiveness in the pediatric anesthetized patient. Therefore anesthesia provider are let with fluid challenge with high volume of fluid boluses to see if patient were fluid responsive or not. This could lead to fluid overload and it's associated morbidity. We would like to investigate if the cardiac output response to a mini fluid challenge of 3 ml/kg in 2 minutes would be predictive of the response to an usual fluid challenge of 15 ml/kg in 10 minutes in elective pediatric anesthetized patients.

Detailed Description
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The main objective is to determine whether the new test the stroke volume variation after fluid challenge of 3ml/Kg provides information about fluid responsiveness namely increased cardiac output. This new test will be compared to gold standard that is, the stroke volume variation after standard fluid challenge of 15ml/Kg. It is the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of a diagnostic test based on an index obtained by transthoracic cardiac echocardiography for diagnosing fluid responsiveness. This index is the stroke volume variation measured by transthoracic cardiac echography. The study will include anesthetized patients undergoing scheduled surgery. For hemodynamic optimization, these patients will benefit, early after anaesthetic induction, before the surgical procedure has started, from a fluid challenge of 15ml/kg achieved in two stages (3 ml/Kg then 12 ml/kg) separated by an interval of one minute. Three-time hemodynamic will be analyzed. T0: basal T1: one minute after first vascular filling with 3ml/Kg in 2 minutes T2: one minute after second vascular filling with 12 ml/Kg in 8 minutes which is performed one minute after the end of the first filling (a total of 15 ml/kg) At each time, we will retrieve a collection of hemodynamic data (stroke volume, cardiac output) obtained by transthoracic echocardiography, standard method to assess fluid responsiveness. And at the same times, the PVI and hemodynamic parameters obtained by esophageal Doppler will be noted.

Official Title
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Does the Response to a Mini-fluid Challenge of 3ml/kg in 2 Minutes Predict Fluid Responsiveness for Elective Pediatric Anesthetized Patient?

Conditions
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Anesthesia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: fluid challenge


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: pediatric patient for scheduled surgery from 8 to 30 kg of weight Exclusion Criteria: denied from the child or their parents congenital cardiopathy cardiovascular shunt respiratory dysfunction hepatic dysfunction renal dysfunction intracranial hypertension

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Months
Maximum Age: 11 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Pediatric patient for general anesthesia<br>Pediatric patients for general anesthesia elected for scheduled surgery Patients weight between 8 and 30 kilograms | Drug: fluid challenge<br>* fluid challenge realized after induction of anesthesia at a steady state, to assess fluid responsiveness and correct hypovolemia. The usual fluid bolus of 15ml/kg in 10 minute will be fragmented in 2 fluid boluses (3ml/kg in 2 minutes followed by measurement of hemodynamic parameter after 1 minute of the end of the 1st fluid bolus and followed by 12 ml/kg in 8 minutes then followed by measurement of hemodynamic parameters after one minute after the end of the 2nd fluid fragmented fluid challenge. Total administered: 15 ml/kg in 11 minutes. end of the study at 12 minutes.<br>* Other names: fluid bolus;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Stroke volume variation | The main objective is to determine whether the new test the stroke volume variation after fluid challenge of 3mL/Kg provides information about fluid responsiveness namely increased cardiac output. This new test will be compared to gold standard that is, the stroke volume variation after standard fluid challenge of 15mL/Kg. It is evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of a diagnostic test based on an index obtained by transthoracic echocardiography for diagnosing fluid responsiveness. This index is the stroke volume variation. | 12 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correlations between stroke volume variation after expansion of 3mL/Kg and after 15mL/Kg | To compare the correlations between stroke volume variation after volume expansion of 3 mL/kg and after volume expansion of 15 mL/kg | 12 minutes | 
| Diagnostic capacity of PVI and esophageal doppler | To assess the capacity of the PVI and of common parameters obtained by esophageal Doppler in diagnosing fluid responsiveness | 12 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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pediatric, anesthesia, fluid responsiveness, hemodynamic