Cross Sectional Area of Umbilical Cord Versus Hadlock's Formula in Prediction of Neonatal Birth Weight

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Ultrasound measurement of cross sectional area of umbilical cord might offer advantage over Hadlock's formula for accurate estimation of actual birth weight at term gestation leading to prevention of large number of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Detailed Description
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Umbilical cord is a vital structure of maternal-fetal life that can be used to evaluate pregnancy outcomes. In the past, sonographic investigations of the umbilical cord were limited to identification of the number of vessels and Doppler evaluation of the blood flow. Various formulas have developed to calculate Estimated Fetal Weight (EFW) using fetal biometry. While it is being accurate to a degree, they are associated with error especially with extreme birth weight. In this study using the ultrasound to look for a relation between the umbilical cord cross sectional area and estimated birth weight, as it's easy to use and readily available, comparing the estimated birth weight obtained by this method with that of Hadlock's formula measures at term gestation. Trying to prove that the umbilical cord area formula might gave advocacy for future usage for birth weight prediction.

Official Title
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Comparison of the Efficacy Between Ultrasound Measurement of Cross Sectional Area of the Umbilical Cord and Hadlock's Formula in Prediction of Neonatal Birth Weight at Term Gestation:Cross Sectional Study

Conditions
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Birth Weight, Fetal Body Weight

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Obstetric ultrasound


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with: Age: 18-35 years. Singleton living fetus. Term gestation (37wks_ 41wks+6days). (Spong , 2013). Admitted at labor room or prepared for caesarean section Exclusion Criteria: o Intrauterine Dead fetus (IUFD). Structurally malformed fetus or umbilical cord (single umbilical artery; SUA). Multiple pregnancies. Oligohydraminos (AFI < 5cm or DVP <2 cm) or polyhydraminos (AFI > 25 cm or DVP > 8 cm) (Morteza et al., 2018). Uterine fibroid. Abnormal Doppler flowmetry of umbilical artery. Maternal diseases (Diabetes mellitus, Hypertensive disorders, renal diseases, Ischemic heart diseases), history of drug intake (Antihypertensive, antiepileptic, oral hypoglycemic drugs).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Cross sectional area of umbilical cord and Hadlock's formula<br>Ultrasound measurement of cross sectional area of umbilical cord within 1 cm from the umbilical cord insertion into the fetal abdomen And Fetal biometry using the standard Hadlock's formula | Device: Obstetric ultrasound<br>* ultrasound measurement of the cross sectional area of umbilical cord within 1 cm from the cord insertion in to fetal abdomen and the standard Hadlock's formula<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Estimated fetal weight calculation by hadlock's formula and by umbilical cord cross sectional area ,then correlation with actual birth weight measured with in 1st hour of delivary | correlation with actual birth weight measured | 1st hour of delivary | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Birth weight, Hadlock's formula, Cross sectional area of umbilical cord, Umbilical cord, Fetal biometry