Type 2 Diabetes Affect Exercise Induced Improvement in Insulin Sensitivity

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study investigates weather a family history of type 2 diabetes affects exercise induced improvements in insulin sensitivity in the hispanic population

Detailed Description
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A family history of T2D (FH+) is a risk factor for developing insulin resistance (which precedes T2D) and T2D (Ryder et al., 2003). Exercise training on the other hand has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and is highly effective to prevent/manage T2D. However it is not known if early signs of insulin resistance appear before being clinically diagnosed and if the benefits of exercise which prevent/cure T2D, are limited to the offspring of Hispanic T2D parents. Therefore, the proposed study will determine 1) if normoglycemic (normal blood glucose) offspring of T2D parents are insulin resistant, using the gold standard method to measure insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility (ability to switch between carbohydrate and fat oxidation) 2) if 8 weeks of exercise training improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility to the same extent in FH+ compared to normoglycemic offspring of parents without any history of T2D (FH-) and 3) if 8 weeks of exercise training will change the blood, lipid and molecular profiles relevant to insulin sensitivity to same extent in FH+ compared to offspring of parents without family history of T2D (FH-).

Official Title
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Does a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Affect Exercise Induced Improvement in Insulin Sensitivity in a Hispanic Population?

Conditions
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Insulin Sensitivity/Resistance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: 8 weeks of combined exercise intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 18 ≤ Age ≤ 40 years 18 ≤ BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2 Both parents are Mexican/Mexican-American) Sedentary lifestyle Less than 60 minutes/wk. of structured exercise Physical activity level ≤ 1.4 Exclusion Criteria: Evidence of significant cardiovascular disease or diabetes A fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL Screening blood pressure >140/90 Hyperlipidemia Use of drugs affecting energy metabolism or body weight Excess alcohol, drug abuse, and smoking Eating disorder or eating attitudes interfering with study Unwillingness to be abide by randomization

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Family history of T2D<br>The participants will undergo 8 weeks of combined exercise | Other: 8 weeks of combined exercise intervention<br>* The subjects will undergo an 8 week combined exercise intervention<br>|
| Experimental: No Family history of T2D<br>The participants will undergo 8 weeks of combined exercise | Other: 8 weeks of combined exercise intervention<br>* The subjects will undergo an 8 week combined exercise intervention<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Insulin sensitivity |  | 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Myokine concentrations |  | 8 weeks |