Individualized Studies of Triggers of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The I-STOP-Afib study will test the comparative effectiveness of using N-of-1 trials vs. symptom surveillance alone to reduce Atrial Fibrillation (AF) episode frequency and severity and improve quality of life for AF patients. The study will involve randomizing almost 500 paroxysmal AF patients to either AF episode tracking versus engaging in testing the relationship between participant-selected triggers and AF episodes utilizing a mobile-app based N-of-1 study design. Both groups will complete a validated survey to assess AF severity, essentially a measure of quality of life while living with AF, before and after a 3 month testing period.

Detailed Description
-----------------
N-of-1 Trial arm: Participants will use the Eureka mobile application and AliveCor device to execute at least one N-of-1 trial with the goal of identifying and better controlling their AF triggers. Each N-of-1 trial will last a total of 6 weeks and will include up to 3 periods of trigger exposure and 3 periods of trigger elimination with each exposure/elimination period lasting 1 week. Participants will be randomly assigned to start their trial with a period of either trigger exposure or elimination. During each N-of-1 trial, participants will track daily AF duration and severity, daily mood and sleep quality, daily AliveCor tracings and daily trigger exposure. At the end of each trial, participants will be able to review their trial results which will include visualizations of their daily AF symptom and trigger tracking over time. After completing a trial, participants will be instructed to implement any lifestyle changes they deem appropriate based on what they learned from the results of their trial. Participants will implement these changes for a period of 4 weeks during which they will continue to track AF episode duration and severity via the app. At the end of the 4-week lifestyle change period, participants will complete the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy of Life survey (AFEQT) and will then have the option of testing another trigger or ending their study participation. Symptom Surveillance arm: Participants will use the Eureka app and AliveCor device to record daily AF duration and severity, daily AliveCor readings and daily mood and sleep quality for a period of 10 weeks. Participants will be able to visualize their AF, sleep and mood data in real time and will receive a weekly summary of their data via the Eureka app.At the end of the 10-week data tracking period, participants will complete the AFEQT survey and will then have the option of either ending their study participation or crossing over to the N-of-1 trial arm to test their triggers.

Official Title
-----------------
Using N-of-1 Experiments to Answer Patient Generated Research Questions

Conditions
-----------------
Atrial Fibrillation Paroxysmal

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: N-of-1
* Behavioral: Data Tracking


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: symptomatic paroxysmal AF a smartphone Exclusion Criteria: Non-English speakers Children (age < 18 years) Patients with plans to substantially change AF management (such as with ablation or change in antiarrhythmic drugs) over the ensuing 6 months Unwillingness to test AF triggers. Patients who have had an AV node or AV Junction ablation

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: N-of-1<br>Participants in the N-of-1 arm will use the Eureka mobile application and AliveCor device to tracking their AF episode frequency and severity and execute at least one N-of-1 trial with the goal of identifying and better controlling their AF triggers. | Behavioral: N-of-1<br>* Participants in the N-of-1 arm will use the Eureka mobile application and AliveCor device to tracking their AF episode frequency and severity and execute at least one N-of-1 trial with the goal of identifying and better controlling their AF triggers.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Data Tracking<br>Participants in the data tracking arm will use the Eureka app and AliveCor device to record daily AF frequency and severity and daily AliveCor readings for a period of 10 weeks. | Behavioral: Data Tracking<br>* Participants in the data tracking arm will use the Eureka app and AliveCor device to record daily AF frequency and severity and daily AliveCor readings for a period of 10 weeks.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy of Life Survey (AFEQT) | Change in Atrial fibrillation quality of life will be measured by the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy of Life survey (AFEQT). The primary outcome will be change in AFEQT score from baseline measurement to measurement at 10 weeks. Change in the AFEQT will compared between the N-of-1 arm and the data tracking arm. The Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-life Questionnaire (AFEQT) evaluates symptoms, daily activities and treatment concerns patients have related to atrial fibrillation (AF or AFib). Patients score 0 (worst) to 100 (best). | 10 weeks |