Effect of Beet Juice on Elite Swimmers.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Objective: To investigate whether an acute intake of Beetroot Juice (BJ) improved performance factors in a repeated swimming effort at maximum speed in elite swimmers. Methods: A total of 13 elite swimmers (6 girls and 7 boys) participated in this randomised, double-blind study. In 2 different trials, the swimmers ingested an injection of Beet-It (70 ml placebo (PL) or an injection of Beet-It 70 ml beetroot juice (BJ)) 3 hours before undergoing a 6x100m crawl intermittent maximal speed performance test.

Official Title
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Effects of Beetroot Juice Intake on Repeated Performance of Elite Swimmers. A Randomized Controlled Study

Conditions
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ergogéniques

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Beetroot Juice


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: national and international level swimmers healthy swimmers no breakfast 48 hours with restricted diet of: other sports supplements and beetroot-rich foods Exclusion Criteria: be on medication having had breakfast have brushed your teeth

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 25 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Parallel allocation was carried out in the two groups
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Beetroot juice<br>The swimmers ingested a shot of Beet-It 70 ml beetroot juice (BJ)) 3 hours before undergoing a 6x100m crawl intermittent maximal speed performance test. | Dietary Supplement: Beetroot Juice<br>* The swimmers drank 3 hours before the test, mL70 of BJ (containing mmol6.4 of NO-3) (Beet-It-Pro Elite Shot, James White Drinks Ltd., Ipswich, UK) or PLA (0.04 mmol of NO-3)<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>The swimmers ingested a shot of Beet-It (70 ml placebo (PL)) 3 hours before undergoing a 6x100m crawl intermittent maximal speed performance test. | Dietary Supplement: Beetroot Juice<br>* The swimmers drank 3 hours before the test, mL70 of BJ (containing mmol6.4 of NO-3) (Beet-It-Pro Elite Shot, James White Drinks Ltd., Ipswich, UK) or PLA (0.04 mmol of NO-3)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lactate concentration | After the swimmers exited the water, their finger was wiped dry and their blood lactate concentration was measured with a portable Lactate Pro2 analyzer 1 minute after completing each 100-meter set. | 3 hours post-dose of Beetroot juice or Placebo | 
| Rate of Perceived Exertion | During the break between 100 and 100, they were asked how hard the effort had been using the subjective RPE scale as in other studies with BJ and swimming. | 3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice | 
| Recovery Total Quality Scale | Just before these same swimmers performed the next 100, they were asked how recovered they felt, using another subjective TQR scale | 3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice | 
| Total Time | The complete 6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the total times, with the program KINOVEA 0.9.5. | 3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice | 
| Parcial Time | The complete 6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the split times, with the KINOVEA 0.9.5 program. | 3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice | 
| Counter Movement Jump | Swimmers completed three repetitions of CMJ with hands on waist using an infrared jumping system (Optojump Next, Microgate, Bolzano, Italy) | 3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Stroke rate | The complete 6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the stroke rate, with the KINOVEA 0.9.5 program. | from the day of randomization to the last day of the intervention: up to day 18 | 
| Underwater distance | The complete 6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the distances of the underwater swim at the start and the second turn, with the program KINOVEA 0.9.5. | from the day of randomization to the last day of the intervention: up to day 18 | 
| Underwater time | The complete 6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the underwater time, with the KINOVEA 0.9.5 program. | from the day of randomization to the last day of the intervention: up to day 18 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Swimming, Beetroot juice, Performance, Ergogenic aid