Effectiveness of a Brief Cognitive and Behavioral Skills Program on Stage Transitions for Chronic Ketamine Abusers

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In recent years ketamine abuse becomes prevalent in youth in some Asian countries. Chronic ketamine abuse may lead to uropathology and cognitive impairments. No pharmacological interventions have been identified as effective for treating ketamine abuse or helpful in achieving or maintaining abstinence from ketamine. Cognitive-behavioral treatment is currently an important psychosocial intervention for addictive problems. This study aimed to test whether a brief cognitive-behavioral training program has a positive influence on stage transitions among ketamine abusers.

Detailed Description
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409 ketamine abusers were recruited in this study, with 285 ketamine abusers participated in a 6-hour brief cognitive-behavioral intervention and 124 ketamine abusers attended educational lectures on ketamine abuse. A brief cognitive-behavioral intervention was applied to teach ketamine abusers about stimulus control, refusal skills, communication skills, decisional balance, and infectious diseases prevention. Stage of Change and knowledge about ketamine were assessed before and after the intervention.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of a Brief Cognitive and Behavioral Skills Program on Stage Transitions for Chronic Ketamine Abusers

Conditions
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Substance Use Disorders

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Cognitive behavioral skills training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: ketamine use in 30 days more than 18 years old Exclusion Criteria: no brain damage

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Two arms were used to examine the relative effect of the cognitive behavioral skills training (CBSR) and a time slot for education as usual (EAU). The CBST consists of six sessions. The first session is intended to establish rapport, build therapeutic cohesion through ice-breaking activities, and educate participants about the drug regulations stated in the Statute for Drug Hazard Prevention and Control. The following four sessions are devoted to interactively practicing refusal skills, communication skills, decision-making skills, and positive conflict resolution skills. The final session is to review what has been learned and reminds participants about the association of drug use with HIV/HCV.
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Cognitive behavior skills training<br>The first session is intended to establish rapport, build therapeutic cohesion through ice-breaking activities, and educate participants about the drug regulations stated in the Statute for Drug Hazard Prevention and Control. The following four sessions are devoted to interactively practicing refusal skills, communication skills, decision-making skills, and positive conflict resolution skills. The final session is to review what has been learned and reminds participants about the association of drug use with HIV/HCV. | Behavioral: Cognitive behavioral skills training<br>* A brief cognitive behavioral skills training was applied to teach ketamine abusers about stimulus control, refusal skills, communication skills, decisional balance, and infectious diseases prevention.<br>|
| No Intervention: Education as usual<br>The EAU group received six hours of informational lectures about ketamine, its effects on the brain, relevant regulations and laws, and the risks and modes of transmission of infectious diseases, including HIV and hepatitis C. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Motivation to change | Stage of Change Scale: Have you thought of abstaining from Ketamine? In 30 days? In six months? | 15 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knowledge about ketamine | 5 items questionnaire about consequences of using ketamine: micturition, perception distortion, depression, behavioral inhibition and memory | 3 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Substance Abuse, Cognitive behavioral treatment, Ketamine, Stage of Change