Standard Motorcycle Child Safety Helmet Initiative (MCHI) Program

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The main aim of this intervention study is to test the hypothesis if helmet initiative program will significantly increase helmet usage in primary school students. The secondary aim of this intervention is to evaluate the behavioral change in standard child safety helmet usage among the parent/adult riders. The study was conducted in 23 primary school in Selangor from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2018 in three different phases.

Detailed Description
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In Malaysia, the road traffic plans estimated that the number of death on road traffics might increase almost 23% from 2014-2020 (Royal Police of Malaysia, 2017). The main road crash involved the motorcyclist and the main cause of death was due to the severe head injuries. Previous study in Malaysia had reported only 20% of proper helmet usage among the adult riders (Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, 2015). This highlights the need to transfer the knowledge to the parent/adult riders on the importance, proper usage and availability of the standard child safety helmet and hence increase the prevalence of standard helmet usage for the pillion riders especially for the children.

Official Title
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Standard Motorcycle Child Safety Helmet Initiative Program for the Safety of Child Pillion Riders in Malaysia

Conditions
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Head Injuries

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Standard motorcycle child safety helmet


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: primary school students from selected school aged 7 - 12 years old Travel to school by motorcycle. the adult rider able to speak/read Malay and English Exclusion Criteria: Students who are travelling to school using mode of transport other than motorcycle. pre school students

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 7 Years
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Screening
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: intervention<br>the group assessed for proper helmet usage (type, chinstrap, standard helmet usage) evaluated for the behavioral of helmet usage underwent the educational session under helmet initiative program received one standard motorcycle child safety helmet per family assessed for proper helmet usage (type, chinstrap, standard helmet usage) 3 months after educational session and after received standard motorcycle child safety helmet evaluated for the behavioral of helmet usage 3 months after educational session and after received standard motorcycle child safety helmet | Behavioral: Standard motorcycle child safety helmet<br>* Educational session followed by demonstration on proper helmet wearing how to differentiate non-standard and standard helmets how to keep motorcycle safe using ABCD concept importance of wearing bright clothes police summon for not wearing helmets live demo on poor performance of non-standard helmet giving away standard motorcycle child safety helmets oath taking by parents and children distribution and placement of VEM on parents' motorcycles<br>|
| No Intervention: control<br>the group assessed for proper helmet usage (type, chinstrap, standard helmet usage) evaluated for the behavioral of helmet usage assessed for proper helmet usage after 3 months 4 evaluated for the behavioral of helmet usage after 3 months do not receive any educational session or standard motorcycle child safety helmet | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| There will be increase in the prevalence of standard motorcycle child safety helmet usage in post intervention compared to pre-intervention | There will be increase in the prevalence of standard motorcycle child safety helmet usage among primary school students after the educational session under helmet initiative program as well as after the distribution of standard motorcycle child safety helmets. The educational session under helmet initiative program will provide important information about the risks of riding without standard helmet include the severity of injury to children. This will be an effective effort for continuous usage of standard helmet among child pillion riders Distribution of standard motorcycle child safety helmets will be able to increase the ownership of standard child helmet especially among those who; hence will increase the prevalence of standard motorcycle child safety helmet usage | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| There will be increase in the prevalence of proper standard motorcycle safety helmet usage in post intervention compared to pre-intervention | Wearing a properly fitted, safety-approved motorcycle helmet will able to reduce head injuries. The educational session under helmet initiative program will provide important information about the severity of injury to children due to improper helmet usage. This will be an effective effort to reduce the prevalence of head injuries among child pillion riders | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| There will be increase in mean score of parents' knowledge measured using questionnaire in standard motorcycle child safety helmet usage in post intervention compared to pre-intervention | The usage of standard child motorcycle helmet among child pillion riders will be more successful when they receive consistent messages from their parents. The educational session under helmet initiative program will provide important information on the law, proper usage, risk of non-usage and the consequences to the parents which further will develope a positive attitude toward helmet wearing for children. parents' practice in helmet usage will significantly motivates the children to wear a helmet | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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standard motorcycle child safety helmet, chinstrap, toy/game helmet