Long-Term Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses of Benazepril and Losartan in Chronic Renal Insufficiency

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The primary goal of the trial was to evaluate whether the optimal antiproteinuric doses of benazepril (an ACE inhibitor) or losartan (an ARB), as compared with their conventional doses, can safely improve the long-term renal outcome in nondiabetic patients with proteinuria and chronic renal insufficiency. The second aim was to compare the long-term renal protection between benazepril and losartan at similar clinical setting.

Conditions
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Renal Insufficiency,Chronic, Disease Progression, Proteinuria, Dose-Response Relationship,Drug, ACE Inhibitor, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Benazepril
* Drug: Losartan


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Serum creatinine concentration of 1.5 to 5.0 mg per deciliter (133 to 442 µmol/L) Creatinine clearance of 20 to 70 ml per minute per 1.73m2, with variations of less than 30 percent in the three months before screening evaluation nondiabetic renal disease Persistent heavier proteinuria (defined by urinary protein excretion of more than 1.0 g per day for three or more months without evidence of urinary tract infection or overt heart failure [a New York Heart Association class of Ⅲ or Ⅳ]) Exclusion Criteria: Immediate need for dialysis Treatment with corticosteroids, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive drugs Hyper-or hypokalemia (serum potassium concentration 5.6 mmol per liter or more，or 3.5 mmol per liter or less) Renovascular disease Myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident in the year preceding the trial Connective-tissue disease; and obstructive uropathy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Drug: Benazepril|nan|
|Drug: Losartan|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The primary efficacy measure was the time to the first event of the composite endpoint of a doubling of the serum creatinine concentration, ESRD or death. |  |  | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Secondary endpoints included changes in urinary protein excretion rate and the progression of renal disease assessed by creatinine clearance and glomerular filtration rate as calculated by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation-4. |  |  | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Renal Insufficiency,Chronic, Disease Progression, Proteinuria, Dose-Response Relationship,Drug, Benazepril, Losartan