Waist Circumference Versus Body Mass Index to Predict Severity of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common and important disorder. Previous studies have demonstrated the association of obesity with GERD, and now obesity is regarded as a risk factor for GERD. Moreover, body mass index (BMI), an indicator of general obesity, correlates with severity of symptoms and degree of erosive esophagitis. Waist circumference, an indicator of abdominal obesity, has stronger correlation with intra-abdominal pressure and low-grade inflammatory state when compared with BMI. Nevertheless the association of waist circumference with severity of GERD has not been studied. The primary aim of this study is to compare BMI with waist circumference for their independent association with severity of GERD. The secondary aim is to evaluate independent risk factors of severity of GERD.

Detailed Description
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This is a cross-section observational study. Outpatients presenting with acid reflux or heart burn are interviewed with standardized questionnaire to quantify severity of symptoms. The eligible patients undergo upper endoscopy to diagnose erosive esophagitis and further classify the degree of erosions according to Los-Angels classification. Enrolled patients receive anthropometric measurements to record body weight, body height and waist circumference on the day of enrollment. Two outcomes are studied: the severity of GERD symptoms and the Los-Angels Classification of erosive esophagitis.

Official Title
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Waist Circumference Versus Body Mass Index to Predict Severity of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Conditions
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Anthropometric measurements


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age more than 20 years old and less than 70 years old typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (heart burn and acid reflux) outpatient complete upper gastrointestinal endoscopy Exclusion Criteria: age less than 20 years or more than 70 years old receive medication for reflux disease (including proton pump inhibitor, histamine type 2 receptor blocker, prokinetic agents) in previous one month pregnant women history of abdominal surgery severe comorbidity with cirrhosis, end-stage renal disease, heart failure no written informed consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| NERD<br>patients with typical gastro-reflux symptoms but no erosions were discernible on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy | Other: Anthropometric measurements<br>* All patients undergo anthropometric measurements to record body weight, body height and waist circumference on the day of enrollment<br>|
| EE<br>Patients with both typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and characteristic flam-like erosions as demonstrated on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy | Other: Anthropometric measurements<br>* All patients undergo anthropometric measurements to record body weight, body height and waist circumference on the day of enrollment<br>|
| FD<br>Patients report no typical reflux symptoms but fulfill diagnostic criteria of functional dyspepsia, whose upper gastrointestinal endoscopy are negative. | Other: Anthropometric measurements<br>* All patients undergo anthropometric measurements to record body weight, body height and waist circumference on the day of enrollment<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the degree fo erosive esophagitis according to Los-Angels classification |  | on the day of endoscopy examination | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| gastro-reflux severity score as evaluated by standardized questionnaire |  | at enrollment (before upper GI endoscopy) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Waist circumference, Body mass index, Obesity