Effect of Aerobic Training on Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Parkinson's disease is a chronic, neurodegenerative disorder characterized with the loss of dopamine-producing neurons. This loss is likely to be related with several environmental and genetic factors. One of the most important factor that is responsible for the initation and progression of the disease is oxidative stress. Exercise training, especially aerobic training, can change the levels of oxidative markers because exercise can lead to decrease oxidative stress in patients with Parkinson's disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate (1) the effect of aerobic training on total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, glutathione, oxidative glutathione, and zonulin levels, (2) the relationship between the change of motor symptoms and disease severity and the change of total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, glutathione, oxidative glutathione, and zonulin levels.

Official Title
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The Effect of Aerobic Training on Total Antioxidant Status, Total Oxidant Status, Glutathione, Oxidative Glutathione and Zonulin Levels in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Exercise training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: at least 40years of age diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease Hoehn and Yahr stage of 1 and 3 Exclusion Criteria: any other neurologic disorders, any cardiovascular, orthopedic, vestibular or rheumatic conditions that impact exercise training visual, auditory, and perception problems.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Aerobic exercise<br>This group will participate in an aerobic training program (8-week, 3 times weekly, and 30-min each time) and conventional physiotherapy program (8-week, 3 times weekly, and 45-min each time). | Other: Exercise training<br>* People with Parkinson's Disease will be received a supervised physiotherapy and rehabilitation program.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Conventional physiotherapy<br>This group will participate in a conventional physiotherapy program (8-week, 3 times weekly, and 45-min each time). | Other: Exercise training<br>* People with Parkinson's Disease will be received a supervised physiotherapy and rehabilitation program.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Total antioxidant status | Total antioxidant status is an important marker of total antioxidant capacity and it indicates an overall measure for the cumulative action of all antioxidants. | 10 minutes | 
| Total oxidant status | Total oxidant status is an significant marker of total oxidant capacity and it indicates an overall measure for the cumulative action of all oxidants. | 10 minutes | 
| Glutathione | Glutathione is an important intracellular antioxidant that protects against a variety of different antioxidant species. | 10 minutes | 
| Oxidative glutathione | Oxidative glutathione generated by glutathione reductase should be provided as decreased glutathione to the site. | 10 minutes | 
| Zonulin | The levels of zonulin can reflect systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. | 10 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale | The Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale is the most commonly used scale to assess disease severity in Parkinson's Disease. It consists of four parts: (1) non-motor experiences of daily living, (2) motor experiences of daily living, (3) motor examination, and (4) motor complications. | 15 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Parkinson Disease, exercise, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, glutathione, oxidative glutathione, zonulin