Validity and Reliability of Smartphone Use in Measuring Joint Position Sense in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will investigate the concurrent validity and intra-rater reliability of using smartphone in assessing joint position sense in patient with knee osteoarthritis.

Detailed Description
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Knee osteoarthritis is the most common arthritis. Such disease is complicated by many musculoskeletal dysfunction such as disturbed joint position sense, which impairs their ability to perform their regular daily activities. As rehabilitation should target impairment in function, it is essential that therapists assess joint sense during baseline and follow-up evaluation of patients to decide on needed therapeutic interventions. Joint position sense can be assessed by various methods such as motion tracking systems and the isokinetic dynamometer, yet these equipment are expensive and are not readily available at regular clinical settings. Smartphone has been introduced as an assessment tool in rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders. For the knee joint, smartphone has been validated for measuring range of motion and joint position sense in healthy population, yet it has never been validated in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Therefore, this study will investigate smartphone validity and reliability as an assessment tool of knee position sense in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Official Title
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Validity and Reliability of Smartphone Use in Measuring Joint Position Sense in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

Conditions
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Knee Osteoarthritis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Smartphone application (Goniometer Pro )


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patient must be referred to the outpatient clinic of the faculty of Physical Therapy and Medicine, Cairo University with a confirmed diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral osteoarthritis of the knee and having one or more of the following criteria (ASo, 2000). Morning stiffness for less than 30 minutes. Crepitus on active knee movement. Bony enlargement either palpable or visible in radiographs. Bony tenderness at joint margins. Age 40-60 years old. Exclusion Criteria: Steroid injection within 2 months prior to inclusion. Presence of neurologic disorders (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease, or poliomyelitis). •Presence of other rheumatoid or orthopedic disorders in the lower extremity or spine. •A recent history of a lower extremity fracture with in the past year. History of ligament deficiency, such as anterior cruciate ligament or meniscal injury. Severe pain with active movement. Poor memory or cognitive function.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Osteoarthritis<br>Thirty symptomatic knee with osteoarthritis will be recruited according to the following criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA: Referred with a confirmed diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral OA of the knee based on the following criteria. 1.1. Morning stiffness < 30 minutes, 1.2. Crepitus on active knee movement. 1.3. Bony enlargement either palpable or visible in radiographs. 1.4. Bony tenderness. Age 40-60 years old. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Steroid injection within the past 2 months. Presence of neurologic disorders. Presence of of orthopedic diseases or trauma in the lower extremity or spine within the past year. 6. Severe pain with active movement 7. Poor memory or cognitive function | Device: Smartphone application (Goniometer Pro )<br>* Knee repositioning error will be measured simultaneously by smartphone and Biodex isokinetic dynamometer by a single blind assessor. All assessments will be done with eyes closed and repeated over two separate sessions, with one-week interval in-between. For active repositioning, the participant will actively extend the knee to reach a predetermined target position45° flexion at an angular velocity of 10°/sec. For passive knee repositioning, the isokinetic dynamometer will move the knee at 5°/s to a predetermined angle between 5° and 80° of flexion and the participant should stop the movement when the predetermined angle is reached.<br>|
| Control<br>Thirty asymptomatic knee will be recruited for this study. Control group participants will be age-matched to the osteoarthritis group, and should have no pain or other relevant clinical symptoms in lower quadrant. | Device: Smartphone application (Goniometer Pro )<br>* Knee repositioning error will be measured simultaneously by smartphone and Biodex isokinetic dynamometer by a single blind assessor. All assessments will be done with eyes closed and repeated over two separate sessions, with one-week interval in-between. For active repositioning, the participant will actively extend the knee to reach a predetermined target position45° flexion at an angular velocity of 10°/sec. For passive knee repositioning, the isokinetic dynamometer will move the knee at 5°/s to a predetermined angle between 5° and 80° of flexion and the participant should stop the movement when the predetermined angle is reached.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| concurrent validity of smartphone against isokinetic dynamometry in measuring joint position sense. | The extent to which a measure by Goniometer Pro application related to an outcome which is joint position sense in isokinetic dynamometer | One day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Intrarater reliability of smartphone measurements | same investigator will repeat joint position sens assessment using smartphone application | 1 week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Reliability, Position sense, Smartphone, Validity, Knee osteoarthritis