Impact of Community Scabies Treatment on Head Lice Prevalence in the Solomon Islands

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is a pilot study evaluating if treatment for scabies also treats headlice in the same community

Detailed Description
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Background: Scabies and head lice are both ubiquitous ectoparasitic infections that have been identified as common public health problems in the Pacific Island Country Territories. Mass drug administration using ivermectin is increasingly recognised as an effective strategy for scabies treatment and control, however, its possible impact on prevalence of head lice has not been evaluated. Given that oral ivermectin is an effective treatment option for pediculosis capitis, we hypothesise that community treatment with ivermectin for scabies would also provide benefit by reducing prevalence of head lice infestation in the community. We aim to test this hypothesis with a small-scale pilot study in the Solomon Islands. Methodology: The study would be carried out at the Atoifi Adventist Hospital campus, on the North-Eastern coast of the island of Malaita. The campus houses an estimated 180 individuals and all residents would be invited to participate in the study and be offered treatment. At baseline all individuals would undergo a standardized examination to collect data on the presence of scabies, impetigo and head lice. Following examination individuals would be weighed and given directly observed standard treatment for scabies. Treatment for scabies consists of one oral dose of ivermectin (200 micrograms per kilogram) at day 1 and at day 8. Individuals with contra-indications (pregnancy, breast feeding, weight under 15kg) would be offered the alternative of 5% permethrin cream and malathion shampoo. Individuals would be re-examined at 48hours (to assess immediate killing of head lice) and again at 2 weeks. Final follow-up will be at 3 months to establish: 1) whether changes in head lice prevalence have been sustained 2) what the impact of treatment on scabies and impetigo with ivermectin is in this specific community.

Official Title
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Impact of Community Scabies Treatment on Head Lice Prevalence in the Solomon Islands

Conditions
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Scabies, Head Lice

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Ivermectin
* Drug: Permethrin 5%
* Drug: Malathion Shampoo 0.5%


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: All participants living in the community will be offered treatment Exclusion Criteria: Patients with a contradindication to study medication Patients unable to provide consent
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Intervention Arm<br>This study consists of a single treatment arm. Patients will receive Ivermectin or where contraindicated (Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, Weight <15kg) Permethrin Cream and Malathion shampoo | Drug: Ivermectin<br>* A single weight based dose of ivermectin<br>Drug: Permethrin 5%<br>* Permethrin cream is used in conjunction with Malathion shampoo when ivermectin is contra-indicated<br>Drug: Malathion Shampoo 0.5%<br>* Permethrin cream is used in conjunction with Malathion shampoo when ivermectin is contra-indicated<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of Participants With Headlice | Assessed in the study population by physical examination of hair | 2 Weeks after treatment | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of Participants With Headlice | Assessed in the study population by physical examination of hair | 48hrs after treatment | 
| Number of Participants With Headlice | Assessed in the study population by physical examination of hair | 3 Months after treatment |