Everolimus and Octreotide Acetate With or Without Bevacizumab in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors That Cannot Be Removed by Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This randomized phase II trial studies how well everolimus and octreotide acetate with or without bevacizumab works in treating patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that cannot be removed by surgery and have spread nearby or to other places in the body. Everolimus may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Octreotide acetate may interfere with and slow the growth of tumor cells. Monoclonal antibodies, such as bevacizumab, may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Bevacizumab and everolimus also may stop the growth of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors by blocking blood flow to the tumor. It is not yet known whether giving everolimus and octreotide acetate together is more effective with or without bevacizumab in treating pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Detailed Description
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PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: l. To assess the progression-free survival rate of patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with everolimus alone or everolimus plus bevacizumab. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To compare progression-free survival (PFS) among treatment arms shown to be efficacious. II. To estimate the overall tumor response rate in patients with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with one of two novel regimens. III. To estimate the overall biochemical response rate (as measured by plasma chromogranin A levels) in patients with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with these regimens. IV. To assess the toxicity of each regimen in patients with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. V. To assess the overall survival of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with these regimens. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. ARM I: Patients receive everolimus orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28 and octreotide acetate intramuscularly (IM) on day 1. ARM II: Patients receive everolimus and octreotide acetate as in Arm I. Patients also receive bevacizumab intravenously (IV) over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15. In both arms, courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3-6 months for 3 years.

Official Title
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Randomized Phase II Study of Everolimus Alone Versus Everolimus Plus Bevacizumab in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Conditions
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Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor, Locally Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor, Pancreatic Gastrinoma, Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor G1, Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor G2, Pancreatic Vipoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Biological: Bevacizumab
* Drug: Everolimus
* Drug: Octreotide Acetate


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients must have histologic documentation of well-differentiated or moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumor from either a primary or metastatic site If different histologic classification schemes are used, equivalent histologic classifications (for example grade 1, low-grade, or intermediate-grade) are allowed Patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma or small cell carcinoma are excluded Documentation from a metastatic disease site is sufficient if there is clinical evidence of a pancreatic primary site Locally unresectable or metastatic disease Patients must have either histologic documentation of a pancreatic primary site, or clinical evidence of a pancreatic neuroendocrine primary tumor as determined by the treating physician Patients with neuroendocrine tumors (e.g., gastrinoma, VIPoma) in whom a pancreatic or peripancreatic primary site is strongly suspected are also eligible Patients must have evidence of disease (measurable or non-measurable) with evidence of progression within the past 12 months Measurable disease: Lesions that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded) as >= 2 cm with conventional techniques or as >= 1 cm with spiral computed tomography (CT) scan Non-measurable disease: All other lesions, including small lesions (longest diameter < 20 mm with conventional techniques or < 10 mm with spiral CT scan) and truly non-measurable lesions; lesions that are considered non-measurable include the following: Bone lesions Leptomeningeal disease Ascites Pleural/pericardial effusion Inflammatory breast disease Lymphangitis cutis/pulmonis Abdominal masses that are not confirmed and followed by imaging techniques Cystic lesions No prior treatment with bevacizumab, everolimus, or other mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors Other prior treatments, including but not limited to prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, alpha interferon, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, external beam radiation therapy, and radiopeptide therapy are allowed There is no limit on the number of prior treatment regimens Any prior treatment (with the exception of octreotide) must be completed at least 4 weeks prior to initiation of treatment Prior treatment with embolization or ablative therapies is allowed if measurable disease remains outside of the treated area There is no limit on the prior number of procedures Treatment with somatostatin analogs is a requirement of the study Patients receiving octreotide at the time of study entry may continue at the same dose level for the duration of the study Patients not receiving octreotide will initiate treatment according to study guidelines Prior progression on somatostatin analogs or a negative octreotide scan does not exclude patient participation in this study Patients should have completed any major surgery >= 4 weeks from start of treatment Patients must have completed any minor surgery >= 2 weeks prior to start of treatment Patients must have fully recovered from the procedure Insertion of a vascular access device is not considered major or minor surgery Patients should not receive immunization with attenuated live vaccines within one week prior to registration or during protocol therapy No concurrent condition resulting in immune compromise, including chronic treatment with corticosteroids or other immuno suppressive agents No active or severe liver disease (e.g., acute or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis); no positive anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV); HBV seropositive patients (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] positive) are eligible if they are closely monitored for evidence of active HBV infection by HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) testing, and they agree to receive suppressive therapy with lamivudine or other HBV-suppressive therapy until at least 4 weeks after the last dose of everolimus; patients who are hepatitis C antibody positive are eligible provided that hepatitis C viral load (hepatitis C ribonucleic acid [RNA]) is undetectable No clinical evidence of brain metastases or carcinomatous meningitis No history of gastrointestinal (GI) perforation within 12 months prior to registration No history of clinically significant bleeding episodes Patients on therapeutic anticoagulation are eligible for the study provided that they are on a stable dose of anticoagulants No uncontrolled diabetes mellitus Patients with a history of severely impaired lung function as defined as spirometry and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) that is 50% of the normal predicted value and/or oxygen (O2) saturation that is 88% or less at rest on room air are excluded Patients with fasting serum cholesterol >= 300 mg/dL OR >= 7.75 mmol/L AND fasting triglycerides >= 2.5 X upper limit of normal (ULN) should initiate lipid-lowering medications with the goal of achieving levels below these thresholds No history of intolerance or allergies to octreotide Patients with a history of hypertension must be adequately controlled (baseline blood pressure [BP] < 150/90 mm Hg) on antihypertensives No current congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class II, III, or IV) No symptomatic arterial peripheral vascular disease No history of aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, or other arterial thrombotic events within 6 months of registration Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1 Women must not be pregnant or lactating; both men and women of childbearing potential must be advised of the importance of using effective birth control measures during the course of the study Granulocytes >= 1,500/uL Platelets >= 100,000/uL Creatinine =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal Bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 2.5 x upper limit of normal (=< 5 x upper limit of normal if liver metastases present) Urine protein =< 1+ OR urine creatinine ratio =< 1 (by urinalysis) If urine protein creatinine (UPC) ratio is > 1 on urinalysis, then 24-hour urine collection for protein must be obtained and level must be < 1,000 mg for patient enrollment

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Arm I (octreotide acetate and everolimus)<br>Patients receive 28-day cycles until progression or unacceptable toxicity consisting of: everolimus 10 mg PO QD on days 1-28 and octreotide acetate 20 mg IM on day 1. | Drug: Everolimus<br>* Given PO<br>* Other names: Zortress;Drug: Octreotide Acetate<br>* Given IM<br>* Other names: SMS 201-995 AC;|
| Experimental: Arm II (octreotide acetate, everolimus, and bevacizumab)<br>Patients receive 28-day cycles until progression or unacceptable toxicity consisting of: everolimus 10 mg PO QD on days 1-28, octreotide acetate 20 mg IM on day 1 and bevacizumab 10 mg/kg IV on days 1 and 15. | Biological: Bevacizumab<br>* Given IV<br>* Other names: Zirabev;Drug: Everolimus<br>* Given PO<br>* Other names: Zortress;Drug: Octreotide Acetate<br>* Given IM<br>* Other names: SMS 201-995 AC;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Progression Free Survival | Progression Free Survival (PFS) was defined as the time from study entry until disease progression or death, whichever occurs first. The median PFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Progression was assessed per RECIST criteria, and defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameters of target lesions (and an absolute increase of at least 0.5 cm) or the appearance of new lesions. | From study entry to the date of documented progression or death from any cause, up to 3 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Overall Response Rate | The proportion of patients who respond (completely or partially) to each combination regimen will be estimated. Response was defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria: Complete Response (CR): disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR) 30% decrease in sum of longest diameter of target lesions. | Up to 3 years | 
| Overall Survival (OS) | Overall survival (OS) is defined as the time from study entry to death from any cause. The median OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. | From registration to time of death, assessed up to 3 years |