Determination of Anatomic Variations of the Internal Jugular and Femoral Veins Using Ultrasound in the Emergency Department

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Central venous catheterization is a common and important procedure done in the emergency department. The internal jugular vein (IJV), subclavian vein (SV) and femoral vein (FV) are commonly used for central venous access. Unfortunately, this procedure has high-risk complications. Traditionally, physicians have relied on the use of anatomic landmarks and physical manipulation such as moving the head or rotating the leg in order to place central catheters; however, studies have demonstrated that significant anatomic variations exist within large percentages of study populations. In addition, although studies have demonstrated that the use of ultrasonography for placement of femoral catheters leads to lower rates of complications, no previous studies have specifically determined anatomic variations in the femoral triangle. Therefore, this study will examine the anatomic variation of the IJV vs. carotid artery and the femoral vein vs. femoral artery in the emergency room setting. The investigators will study the variation as a function of sex, age, race, body habitus and degree of head rotation (measured using a goniometer) and in doing so, the investigators will demonstrate the utility of using ultrasound to place central lines in order to decrease morbidity.

Official Title
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Determination of Anatomic Variations of the Internal Jugular and Femoral Veins Using Ultrasound in the Emergency Department

Conditions
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Vascular Anatomy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Observational ultrasonography of venous anatomy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients being cared for in the Tampa General Hospital Emergency Department 18 yrs or older male or female have the anatomy that will be examined (lateral neck and femoral regions) speak either English or Spanish alert and oriented to person, place, time and situation stable vital signs Exclusion Criteria: under 18 yrs incarcerated individuals those with acute changes in mental status (intoxicated, encephalopathy, psychosis) those from whom consent could not be obtained those requiring intensive care monitoring persons having pathologies that would interfere with the ultrasound investigation persons who do not speak English or Spanish persons with acute or severe mental or cognitive disabilities individuals in a sedated, traumatized or crisis state

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| ER patients<br>Subjects must be 18 yrs or older, male or female, and must have the anatomy that we will be examining. Patients will be given the option of enrolling in the study whilst being cared for in Tampa General Hospital Emergency Room. We anticipate enrolling normal, healthy volunteers, elderly persons (>65) not cognitively impaired, persons with social, economic or educational disadvantages , and persons who do not understand English fluently. | Other: Observational ultrasonography of venous anatomy<br>* The patient will have ultrasound images obtained of the right and left internal jugular veins as a function of the degree of head rotation and of the right and left femoral veins. Our study is an observational study<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To determine the variability that exists within the vascular anatomy of the lateral neck and femoral regions |  | Within the timeframe of the study | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ultrasound, femoral vein, internal jugular vein