Controlled Trial: 5-day Course of Rifampin Versus Doxycycline for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Scrub Typhus

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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New antibiotics are required to have not only the antibacterial activity against doxycyline-resistant O. tsutsugamushi but also lower risk for resistance or any cross-resistance to others. In this prospective, open-label, randomized trial, we enroll patients with mild-to-moderate scrub typhus. We compared the efficacy and safety of a 5-day rifampin therapy with those of a 5-day doxycycline therapy at Chosun University Hospital, or one of its two community-based affiliated hospitals which are all located in southwestern Korea between 2006 and 2009.

Official Title
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Controlled Trial: 5-day Course of Rifampin Versus Doxycycline for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Scrub Typhus

Conditions
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Scrub Typhus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: doxycycline
* Drug: rifampin


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria were: Adults aged 18 years or older A fever of higher than 37.5°C The concurrent presence of eschar or a maculopapular skin rash; and the clear presence of more than two symptoms such as headache, malaise, myalgia, coughing, nausea and abdominal discomfort. Patients were hospitalized at Chosun University Hospital in Kwangju, Korea or one of its two community-based affiliated hospitals which are all located in southwestern Korea between 2006 and 2009. Exclusion Criteria: The exclusion criteria were: An inability to take oral medications Pregnancy Hypersensitivity to the trial drugs Previous drug therapy with potential antirickettsial activity (e.g., rifampicin, chloramphenicol, macrolides, fluoroquinolones or tetracyclines) within 48 h prior to admission Severe scrub typhus (shock requiring vasopressor therapy for more than one hour A stuporous or comatose level of consciousness Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation or renal failure requiring immediate dialysis) (4, 10). For the differential diagnosis of scrub typhus from other diseases with similar symptoms (e.g., murine typhus, leptospirosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus), patients underwent diagnostic tests. We thus excluded patients with concurrent infections who had the risk of causing different outcomes.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: 1<br>a 5-day course of daily 200-mg doses of doxycycline | Drug: doxycycline<br>* a 5-day course of 100 mg bid doses of doxycycline<br>|
| Active Comparator: 2<br>a 5-day course of daily 600-mg doses of rifampin | Drug: rifampin<br>* a 5-day course of daily 600-mg doses of rifampin<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The primary end point was the fever clearance time |  | 4 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The secondary end point was evaluated according to the following definitions. Cure , Failure, Relapse |  | 4 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Doxycycline,, Rifampin, Scrub typhus.