The Effects of Trout Fed With a Vegetable Based Feed on Cardiovascular Risk Markers and Plasma Proteome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Fish from the aquaculture sector constitutes an increasing part of the fish consumption in Denmark. The most important farmed fish in Denmark is the rainbow trout. Due to limited access of wild fish for the feed production, alternative feeding regimes of vegetable origin such as vegetable proteins and rapeseed oil are used instead of marine feed. This change in feeding regime may affect flesh quality and health and nutritional properties as the content of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) will presumably decrease in the meat. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of vegetable based feed versus marine feed of farmed trout and its effect in healthy men on cardiovascular risk markers associated with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Detailed Description
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In a two month parallel study including 60 healthy men aged 40-70 years, the cardiovascular effect of one daily meal of trout fed with a vegetable based feed are compared with that of trout fed with marine feed (estimated intake of n-3 LCPUFA 2.6 g/day) and a standard Danish diet with poultry. Men are randomised to one of the three groups. Red blood cell fatty acid composition, classical cardiovascular disease (CVD)-risk markers (blood pressure and plasma lipid profile), newer CVD-markers (arterial compliance and plasma markers of endothelial function and inflammation) and plasma proteome analysis are measured at the beginning and end of the intervention period.

Official Title
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Healthy, Nutritious and Tasty Fish for the Future

Conditions
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Cardiovascular Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Effects of trout on CVD risk markers and plasma proteome


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 40-70 Body mass index 18,5 - 30 Exclusion Criteria: Exercise >10 h/week Chronical diseases (eg. cardiovascular and diabetes) Regular medication Fish oil supplementation Blood donation 2 month prior or during participation Above maximum recommended alcohol intake Blood pressure >160/100 mm Hg

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Marine trout<br>150 g/day of trout fed on marine based feed | Behavioral: Effects of trout on CVD risk markers and plasma proteome<br> <br> |
| Experimental: Vegetable trout<br>150 g/d of trout fed on vegetable based feed | Behavioral: Effects of trout on CVD risk markers and plasma proteome<br> <br> |
| Other: Poultry<br>150 g/d of poultry (for comparison) | Behavioral: Effects of trout on CVD risk markers and plasma proteome<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| plasma protein expression |  |  | 
| blood pressure |  |  | 
| pulse wave analysis |  |  | 
| pulse wave velocity |  |  | 
| cardiovascular risk markers |  |  | 
| markers of inflammation |  |  | 
| plasma lipids |  |  | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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nutrition, cardiovascular risk, inflammation, vascular function