How Future Surgery Will Benefit From Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Related Measures Perspective From Italian Young Surgeon Society (SPIGC)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The coronavirus 2019 pandemic (COVID-19) strongly affected clinical care worldwide. Due to a shortage of hospitals and beds in intensive care units (ICU), in Italy during outbreaks, surgical resources were temporarily and partially shifted to COVID-19 patients. In addition, the risk of cross-infection could have determined a shit in surgical perioperative care. To counterbalance these limitations, many centers routinely changed their clinical practice, which could be maintained by surgeons across Italy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic determined a change in daily clinical practice among all specialties.

Detailed Description
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The purpose of this investigation, organized by the Italian Young Surgeon Society (S.P.I.G.C.), is to establish the impact of the coronavirus 2019 pandemic (COVID-19) on clinical care in Italy. There will be collected from any Italian surgeon (resident, Fellow, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) candidate, attending surgeon, professor) impressions by completing a survey on this topic. The analysis is divided into three study periods. For each question, participants must answer for each period. Time frames were divided according to three distinct phases of the pandemic: pre-COVID-19 period, COVID-19 pandemic period, COVID-19 Endemic period. The pre-COVID-19 period was defined between eighth March 2019 and seventh March 2020, whereas the COVID-19 pandemic period was identified between the declaration of Italian lockdown measures (eighth March 2020) until the release of this questionnaire (sixteenth March 2022) with the periodic pandemic outbreaks. Finally, COVID-19 endemic period was described as a future phase where lockdown measures and social distancing will be removed.

Official Title
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How Future Surgery Will Benefit From Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Related Measures Perspective From Italian Young Surgeon Society (SPIGC)

Conditions
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COVID-19, Health Behavior

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: COVID-surg-SPIGC questionnaire


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Resident, Fellow, PhD candidate, consultant or attending surgeon in Italy in the following surgical specialties: cardiothoracic surgery, colon and rectal surgery, general surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, gynecologic oncology, neurological surgery, ophthalmic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthopedic surgery, otorhinolaryngology, pediatric surgery, plastic and maxillofacial surgery, urology, and vascular surgery Exclusion Criteria: undergraduate students Non-Surgical consultant

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Surgeon<br>Any Resident, Fellow, PhD candidate, consultant or attending surgeon in any surgical specialty in Italy | Behavioral: COVID-surg-SPIGC questionnaire<br>* The questionnaire aimed to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic determined a shift in daily practice through a multidimensional assessment of surgical clinical care in three different time frames.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The measure of the Italian surgical daily practice before coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) | Analysis of this outcome will be held through COVID-surg-SPIGC questionnaire. Variables will be collected as absolute numbers (e.g., number of procedures in a month) or percentages (e.g., percentage of elective surgery compared to total procedures). A sub-analysis will be held regarding the different surgical subspecialties, Italian medical centers, and academic grades. | 12 months before the beginning of COVID-19 emergency in Italy (between eighth March 2019 and seventh March 2020) | 
| The measure of the Italian surgical daily practice during coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) | Analysis of this outcome will be held through COVID-surg-SPIGC questionnaire. Variables will be collected as absolute numbers (e.g., number of procedures in a month) or percentages (e.g., percentage of elective surgery compared to total procedures). A sub-analysis will be held regarding the different surgical subspecialties, Italian medical centers, and academic grades. | COVID-19 pandemic (between eighth March 2020 and sixteenth March 2022) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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COVID-19, Survey, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, perioperative management