Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block in Pneumothorax Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A prospective randomized controlled study was undertaken to compare the postoperative analgesic effect between ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block and intercostal nerve block after single port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Detailed Description
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Post-thoracotomy pain is one of the most notorious postsurgical pains that one can experience. The pain is known to last for an extensive period of time with significantly high intensity. In field of thoracic surgery, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been played an important role in alleviating the postoperative pain. Furthermore, single-port thoracoscopic surgery, which reduces the number of surgical incision, is increasingly carried out by many institutions world widely. In field of anesthesiology, various attempts to alleviate post-thoracotomy pain have been tried along advancement of thoracic surgical techniques. It began with postoperative medication of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids and progressed into implementations such as local analgesia, thoracic epidural block, paravertebral block, intercostal nerve block, interpleural block and serratus anterior plane block. Many analgesic methods have been applied to alleviate postoperative pain in patients who have undergone thoracoscopic surgeries. However, there are no prospective randomized controlled studies between intercostal nerve block and serratus anterior plane block in single port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries. The main purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the effects between conventional intercostal nerve block and newly introduced serratus anterior plane block in primary spontaneous pneumothorax patients who have undergone single port video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection. This prospective study will discover the efficacy and differences between two methods.

Official Title
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Comparison of the Analgesic Effect Between Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block and Intercostal Nerve Block After Single Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery in Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Conditions
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Analgesia, Postoperative Pain, Pneumothorax

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Single Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 or 2 primary spontaneous pneumothorax elective single port video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of the lung. Exclusion Criteria: secondary spontaneous pneumothorax reoperation in ipsilateral thorax a history of drug allergy for analgesics participants who have difficulty understanding the study protocol refusal of participants

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Intercostal Nerve Block<br>Intercostal Nerve Block was performed just before closing the surgical incision while looking directly at the affected intercostal space. 10ml of 0.375% ropivacaine was delivered evenly at anterior and posterior intercostal spaces from the port site. | Procedure: Single Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery<br>* Single Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic wedge resection was performed for primary spontaneous pneumothorax.<br>|
| Experimental: Serratus Anterior Plane Block<br>Serratus Anterior Plane Block was performed just before the start of surgery after anesthetic induction through ultrasound-guidance. 20ml of 0.375% ropivacaine was slowly injected between the fascia of serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi near 5th rib. | Procedure: Single Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery<br>* Single Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic wedge resection was performed for primary spontaneous pneumothorax.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Postoperative pain: numeric rating scale | Postoperative pain will be evaluated using a numeric rating scale (0 being no pain, 10 being worst pain imaginable) | 3 hours later operation | 
| Postoperative pain: numeric rating scale | Postoperative pain will be evaluated using a numeric rating scale (0 being no pain, 10 being worst pain imaginable) | 6 hours later operation | 
| Postoperative pain: numeric rating scale | Postoperative pain will be evaluated using a numeric rating scale (0 being no pain, 10 being worst pain imaginable) | 12 hours later operation | 
| Postoperative pain: numeric rating scale | Postoperative pain will be evaluated using a numeric rating scale (0 being no pain, 10 being worst pain imaginable) | After removal of chest tube | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of analgesics consumption | If the participant has additional analgesic requirement postoperatively, ketorolac 30mg will be injected intravenously when numeric rating scale score is measured as 4-5, and fentanyl 50㎍ is injected when numeric rating scale score is over 6. | through study completion, an average of 1 year | 
| Amount of analgesics consumption | If the participant has additional analgesic requirement postoperatively, ketorolac 30mg will be injected intravenously when numeric rating scale score is measured as 4-5, and fentanyl 50㎍ is injected when numeric rating scale score is over 6. | through study completion, an average of 1 year |