Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Conditions in Mainland China

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The China SCORE study is a prevalence study of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) in 14 regions in mainland China. It will include the following steps: Large population-based screening This study will be conducted in urban areas but not rural areas across mainland China. One city of each region will participate, and in total there will be 14 cities for screening. Within each city, a number of 40 to 60 ordinary primary schools will be randomly selected from the defined region. All the students who are in 1st to 4th grade will asked to participate in order to form a sample of approximately 20,000 students. Screening questionnaires The screening pack includes the Chinese CAST, the AQ-Child, the AQ-Adult short version (10 items), and risk factors questionnaire. An information sheet and consent form will be included in the pack as well. Further assessments We expect approximately 5% on the CAST will score positive in ordinary school population. Thus, for a 20,000 sample, we would expect 900 positives (90% response rate). All the screen-positives and a random selected 5% from borderline group will be invited for clinical assessment. The diagnosis of clinical assessment will be divided into three categories: definite ASC, suspected ASC, and non-ASC. Then all the children with clinical assessment results as definite ASC and suspected ASC and a randomly selected 10-20 non-ASC will be invited for research diagnostic assessment using the ADOS and ADI-R, as well as RPM as IQ test. After that, the consensus diagnosis between ADOS/ADI-R assessment and the clinical diagnosis will be the final diagnosis. Case identification in special schools All the children in special schools or training institutes in study region will be asked to fill in the screening pack. The children who do not attend any ordinary or special schools will be identified according to their residential ID in the studied regions. All screen-positives in special education will be assessed using the ADOS and ADI-R. Then those who met the criteria of ASC on ADOS or/and ADI-R will be assessed by psychiatrists and the clinical diagnosis will be the final diagnosis. If we combine the prevalence of ordinary schools and special schools together, we will get an estimate of the prevalence of ASC in school-population in China. If we combine all the cases identified from schools and from residential records, we will generate an estimate of the prevalence of ASC in the general population in mainland China.

Official Title
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Social Communication Research and Epidemiological Study in China

Conditions
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Autism Spectrum Conditions/Disorders

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: All children who are in study region will be recruited for this study. All children aged 6-11 years old. Exclusion Criteria: Children who are not in the study region. Children who are not found from ordinary schools, private training centres, public special schools and community household with the help of local residence records will not be included for this study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 11 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Beijing group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Guangdong group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Shenzhen group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Shanxi group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Liaoning group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Jilin group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Heilongjiang group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Jiangsu group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Zhejiang group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Fujian group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Henan group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Hubei group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| Hunan group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |
| 'Shanxi group<br> | Behavioral: ADOS/ADI-R/Clinical assessment<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Three-staged consensus diagnosis | The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Conditions will be measured using screening and diagnostic instruments including the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test , the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, and Clinical diagnosis. | The assessments will be finished in one year. |