Potentiating Rural Investment in Children's Eyecare (PRICE)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the project is to create, study and advocate for a model that can be adopted by the Chinese government to provide spectacles for all children sustainable.

Detailed Description
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Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is the leading cause of visual impairment among Chinese children, accounting for 90% or more of poor vision, and Chinese children have among the highest rates of myopia in the world. Despite the fact that the problem of URE is safely and inexpensively treated with glasses, only 15-40% of children needing them own and wear glasses sufficient to provide good vision in rural China. PRICE (Potentiating Rural Investment in Children's Eyecare) will use a randomized, controlled design across 4 groups of all 138 schools in Yunnan (one of China's poorest provinces) and Guangdong (one of the richest) to optimize the model of free glasses for all with an optional upgrade. The selection of free spectacles and cost of the upgrade options will be varied between groups in order to find the optimal balance between high rates of purchase of upgrade glasses on the one hand and good acceptance and wear of free spectacles among those selecting them on the other.

Official Title
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Potentiating Rural Investment in Children's Eyecare (PRICE)

Conditions
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Myopia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Free Glasses
* Other: Upgrade Glasses 1
* Other: Upgrade Glasses 2


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Randomly selected primary schools, which has all 3, 4 and 5 grades, in the 9 project counties. A class randomly selected from each grade of 3, 4, and 5 grades of the selected primary schools. All children in the selected classes. Exclusion Criteria: Those schools that the total number of students are more than 2000. Those schools that the total number of students of 3, 4, 5 grades are less than 80. Children suffering from eye diseases such as cataract, congenital ptosis, strabismus, congenital glaucoma will not be included in the study and will be recommended referral.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 7 Years
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Group 1: Pure Control<br>Provision of glasses prescription only | |
| Experimental: Group 2: Free Glasses<br>Free glasses for all, no upgrade glasses offered | Other: Free Glasses<br>* Provide free glasses<br>|
| Experimental: Group 3: Free + Upgrade Glasses 1<br>Free glasses for all, optional purchase from range of spectacles, cheapest RMB100 (Mean price paid for glasses by Control families in Seeing is Learning I, subtracting one SD) | Other: Free Glasses<br>* Provide free glasses<br>Other: Upgrade Glasses 1<br>* Provide optional purchase from range of spectacles, cheapest RMB100 (Mean price paid for glasses by Control families in Seeing is Learning I, subtracting one SD)<br>|
| Experimental: Group 4: Free + Upgrade Glasses 2<br>Free glasses for all, optional purchase from range of spectacles, cheapest RMB200 (Mean price paid for glasses by Control families in Seeing is Learning I, adding one SD) | Other: Free Glasses<br>* Provide free glasses<br>Other: Upgrade Glasses 2<br>* Provide optional purchase from range of spectacles, cheapest RMB200 (Mean price paid for glasses by Control families in Seeing is Learning I, adding one SD)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Glasses purchase proportion | Proportion of children in each group requiring glasses whose families select to purchase them. | 8 months after the start of the project. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Wearing spectacles proportion | Proportion of children who actually wearing glasses at an unannounced check at endline survey. | 8 months after the start of the project. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Myopia Prevalence, Proportion of Purchase of free Spectacles, Proportion of Purchase of update Spectacles, Proportion of Wearing Spectacles