Comparison of Sensory Cuing Modalities for Freezing of Gait

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators intend to compare the effects on the resolution of visual and auditory sensory cues on the resolution of freezing of gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Detailed Description
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As Parkinson's disease progresses, the patients develop 'Freezing of gait', which make it difficult to initiate gait, turn at the corner, and enter a narrow space. This is considered to be a very important symptom, as it is related to the performance of daily activities, independence of life, and serious injuries caused by falls while walking in Parkinson's disease patients. It has been found that the use of external sensory stimulation (visual, auditory) can reduce the symptoms of Freezing of Gait, and is used as rehabilitation treatment and instant symptomatic resolution. However, the relative effectiveness of sensory stimulation is not studied yet. Accordingly, the investigators intend to compare the effects of visual and auditory sensory cues on the resolution of freezing of gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Official Title
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Comparison of Sensory Cuing Modalities for Freezing of Gait in Patients With Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease : a Pilot Study

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Laser shoes
* Device: Metronome


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait according to the United Kingdom (UK) Brain Bank. Scored more than 15 points of Korean version of mini-mental status exam (K-MMSE). Independent gait for at least a minute without walking assistance device. Exclusion Criteria: History of concomitant brain disease other than idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Other neurologically deteriorated states, such as neuromuscular disease, which can cause gait disturbance. Other psychiatric disorders.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This study is a single group pre-post intervention comparison study.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Parkinson disease group<br>A total of 10 patients in this group will walk under the same conditions (off- state of antiparkinson drugs). Participants will be instructed to walk three laps on a 10-meter track under each of the following three conditions : 1) without stimulation, 2) with visual cues using a laser shoe, 3) with auditory cues using a metronome. | Device: Laser shoes<br>* Path Finder® is a device that is fixed to the noses of the patient's shoes using a rubber strap, and laser-marks the place to be stepped on the ground of the opposite foot when walking. It is installed on both feet to relieve the symptoms of freezing of gait.<br>* Other names: Path Finder®;Device: Metronome<br>* The metronome, which makes a sound with a constant beat, is known to have an effect on the symptoms of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's disease patients. At a rate of 80 beats per minute, the volume of sound that the patient can fully recognize is set to resolve the freezing of gait using the metronome sound.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of freezing of gait episodes | The number of occurrences of freezing of gait will be measured in each of the three situations (no sensory stimulation, visual stimulation, and auditory stimulation). | 30 minutes | 
| Duration of freezing of gait episodes | The average duration per occurrence of freezing of gait in each of the three situations (no sensory stimulation, visual stimulation, and auditory stimulation) will be measured. | 30 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Freezing of gait, Parkinson Disease, functional near-infrared spectroscopy