Risk Factors for Anxiety and Depression Among Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The article presents a protocol of a cross-sectional study of mental health of pregnant women in relation to the COVID 19 pandemic. The primary aim is to compare differences in anxiety and depression scores of pregnant women between countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary aim is to assess demographic, economic, and social aspects affecting maternal anxiety and depression scores among pregnant women worldwide in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, investigators will be able to compare differences in perception of the different aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic (social distancing, restrictions related to delivery) between countries and according to the epidemic status (number of infected patients, number of reported deaths). The comparisons will also be done according to COVID-19 status of the participants.

Official Title
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Risk Factors for Anxiety and Depression Among Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic - a Web-based Cross-sectional Survey

Conditions
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Anxiety, Depression, Pregnancy Related

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Pandemic control measures


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: declaration of being pregnant being able to complete the survey in the available languages answer the screening questions provide informed consent for participation Exclusion Criteria: not providing online informed consent for participation if the participant does not click on the submit button at the end of the survey not answer all the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scale questions

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Albania<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Australia<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Czech Republic<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| France<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Germany<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Hong Kong<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Israel<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Italy<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Lebanon<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Norway<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Poland<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Russia<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Spain<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Sweden<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Taiwan<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| Ukraine<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|
| United States<br> | Other: Pandemic control measures<br>* Population of different countries are exposed to different pandemic control measures, and everyday lives of pregnant women are affected on different levels. Investigators will measure influence their influence on mental health.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Anxiety | Anxiety measured by General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. Scoring:5-9 mild; 10-14 moderate; >15 severe. Minimum 0, maximum 21 points | 4 months | 
| Depression | Depression measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale. Scoring: 5-9 mild;10-14 moderate; 15-19 moderately severe; >20 severe. Minimum 0 maximum 27 points | 4 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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coronavirus, mental health, pregnancy, anxiety, depression, COVID-19, pandemic