Nanoparticles Analysis in Lung and Bronchi During Various Pulmonary Interstitial Diseases and Relationships With Their Aetiology

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Nanoparticles (NP) are particles whose length, width and height are less than 100 nanometres. Over the past decade, industrial applications of NP have increased dramatically. Despite their widespread use, their true impact on human health remains unknown and poorly studied. NP exposure in humans primarily occurs via inhalation through the respiratory system. The aim of this study is to estimate the relationships between the nanoparticle load in the lung and bronchi and some interstitial lung diseases. In the aftermath of human exposure to asbestos, the pathological consequences of environmental exposure to nanomaterials could be evaluated upon a mineralogical analysis of pulmonary samples.

Official Title
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Nanoparticles Analysis in Lung and Bronchi During Various Pulmonary Interstitial Diseases and Relationships With Their Aetiology. A Monocentric Study

Conditions
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Interstitial Lung Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: BAL
* Other: BW
* Other: EAC
* Other: blood specimen
* Other: Urine specimen


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with an interstitial lung disease assessed on clinical signs and CT scan, requiring a flexible bronchoscopy with a broncho-alveolar lavage. These patients suffer from: Idiopathic interstitial lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or sarcoidosis OR Interstitial lung diseases of known aetiologies such as hypersensibility pneumonitis, infectious or cancerous interstitial diseases and interstitial diseases caused by drug reactions. Written consent Exclusion Criteria: Flexible bronchoscopy or BAL not possible. Pregnant women Patients under legal protection. Patients with contagious disease (HIV infection, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis)

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Idiopathic interstitial diseases<br> Test group : patients suffering from idiopathic interstitial lung diseases including sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Nanoparticles (NP) loads will be measured on Bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL), bronchial washings (BW), exhaled air condensates (EAC), blood specimen and urine specimen. | Other: BAL<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: BW<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: EAC<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: blood specimen<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: Urine specimen<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>|
| Non idiopathic intertitial diseases<br> Control group : patients suffering from interstitial lung diseases of known aetiologies, such as hypersensibility pneumonitis, infectious or cancerous interstitial diseases and interstitial diseases caused by drug reactions. Nanoparticles (NP) loads will be measured on Bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL), bronchial washings (BW), exhaled air condensates (EAC), blood specimen and urine specimen. | Other: BAL<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: BW<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: EAC<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: blood specimen<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>Other: Urine specimen<br>* Patients with idiopathic and non idiopathic interstitial lung diseases<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| NP load | The load of NP is a composite outcome. It will be described according to their level of presence (high, moderate or low), their size and chemical analysis. Analysis: The presence of NP will be assessed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The elemental compositions of both the particulate (pellet) and the soluble (supernatant) fractions of each sample will be measured by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The samples for which DLS and ICP-OES corroborated a relatively stronger NP load will be observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field-emission electron microscopy (FESEM). | day 1 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correlation between NP load in the lung and observed lung interstitial diseases | The load of NP is a composite outcome. It will be described according to their level of presence (high, moderate or low), their size and chemical analysis. The accurate diagnosis of the disease will be determined in accordance to the latest international guidelines, including the past history of each patient, the professional courses with focus on potential NP exposure, environmental studies, tobacco or drug use and exhaustive research of collagen or vascular diseases. | Day 1 | 
| Correlation between NP load in the lung and NP load in blood specimen | The load of NP is a composite outcome. It will be described according to their level of presence (high, moderate or low), their size and chemical analysis. | Day 1 | 
| Correlation between NP load in the lung and NP load in urine specimen | The load of NP is a composite outcome. It will be described according to their level of presence (high, moderate or low), their size and chemical analysis. | Day 1 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Interstitial Lung Diseases, nanoparticles, lung, broncho-alveolar lavage, bronchial washings