Effect of Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
To investigate the effect of two different volumes of bupivacaine 0.25% used in ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block on dermatome spread and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing unilateral thoracotomy

Detailed Description
-----------------
The study will have a double-blind design and will be conducted after obtaining an approval from the local ethics committee. The study will include 50 patients planned for thoracotomy, aged 18-65 years with an ASA score of I-II. The patients will be randomized by sealed tender and will be divided into 2 groups with 25 patients each. Patients that will be transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) intubated after the surgery, patients with a body mass index of 35 or over, patients detected with infection in the intervention site, patients with hematological diseases, patients with a known allergy to local anesthetics, patients that will not provide a written or verbal consent, pregnant patients, and patients with an ASA score of III or IV will be excluded from the study. All the patients will undergo physical examination and their laboratory parameters will be evaluated one day prior to the procedure. Moreover, on the same day, each patient will be informed about dermatome testing (hot/cold), pain prick test (pain test), and pain pump set. Age, body height and weight, duration of block, and duration of surgery will be recorded for each patient

Official Title
-----------------
Effect of Two Different Volumes of Bupivacaine 0.25% Used in Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) Block on Dermatome Spread: A Volume Study

Conditions
-----------------
Thoracotomy

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Patients scheduled for elective thoracotomy Aged 18-65 years ASA score of I and II Exclusion Criteria: Patients that will be transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) intubated after the surgery, Patients with a body mass index of 35 or over, Patients detected with infection in the intervention site, Patients with hematological diseases, Patients with a known allergy to local anesthetics, Patients that will not provide a written or verbal consent, Pregnant patients Patients with an ASA score of III or IV will be excluded from the study

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| group I<br>with a total of 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine injection to be administered | |
| group II<br>with a total of 30 mL 0.25% bupivacaine injection to be administered | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| postoperative opioid consumption | Total opioid consumption as microgram/kg will be assessed in 24 hour surgery | First 24 hours total opioid consumption | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
thoracotomy, erector spine plan block, postoperative opioid consumption, analgesia, anesthesia