Management of Childhood Pancytopenia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Pancytopenia is an important hematologic Problem.it is a decrease in all three cellular elements of peripheral blood leading to aneamia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia.

Detailed Description
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Pancytopenia usually presents with symptoms of bone marrow failure such as pallor, dysnea, brusing and increased tendency to infections. The incidence of various disorders causing pancytopenia varies according to Geographical distribution and genetic mutations. It can result from : Failure of production of hematopoietic progenitors in bone marrow as in aplastic aneamia. Bone marrow infiltration by malignant cells as in acute leukemia. Antibodies mediated bone marrow suppression as in systemic lupus. Ineffective hematopoiesis and dysplasia as in nutrition deficiency. Peripheral sequestration of blood cells in over active reticuloendothelial system as in hypersplenism. Pancytopenia is not a disease entity but a triad of findings that may result from primary or secondary bone marrow involvement. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy evaluation along with clinical correlation are important to evaluate the causes of pancytopenia and plan further investigations and treatment. Pancytopenia can result from damage to bone marrow evidanced by low reticulocyte count, or increased destruction of the peripheral blood with increased reticulocyte count. Bone marrow examination is a simple and safe invasive procedure for evaluating the causes of pancytopenia. The hypoplastic marrow which occurs in 2% of pediatrics acute lymphoblastic leukemia may be misdiagnosed as aplastic aneamia. Studies done have shown leukemia to be the second most common cause of pancytopenia in pediatrics, marginally behind aplastic aneamia.

Official Title
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Management of Childhood Pancytopenia in Heamatology Unit in Assiut University Hospital

Conditions
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Pancytopenia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Complete blood picture


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: All childrens and adolescents suffering from pancytopenia attending heamatology unit of pediatric department Assiut University Hospital will be included. Exclusion Criteria: childrens and adolescents suffering from pancytopenia due to malignancy.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 4 Weeks
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| One group of children below 18 years old<br> | Diagnostic Test: Complete blood picture<br>* Iaboratory investigation<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Availability | Bone marrow examination for all cases [evaluate the causes of pancytopenia and plan further investigations and treatment.] | One year | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Modification | Guidelines for management of pancytopenia modified or not? [Strategy of blood elements transfusion in treatment] | One year | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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MCP