Effectiveness of Cosmetic Therapy on Self-esteem and Depression for Elderly Residents in Long-Term Care Institutions

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Cosmetic therapy provides a psychological effect on the elderly, improving their self-confidence and social participation. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cosmetic therapy to enhance the self-esteem and reduce depression of elderly residents in long-term care institutions. We expect that a 6-week cosmetic therapy will improve the elderly's mental health, including depression and self-esteem.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of Cosmetic Therapy on Self-esteem and Depression for Elderly Residents in Long-Term Care Institutions

Conditions
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Long-Term Care, Aged

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Cosmetic therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Aged over 65 years old. Having been admitted to a long-term care institution (conservation type) for three months. Be able to communicate in Mandarin, Taiwanese and written languages. The total score of Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) is higher than 24 points. The muscle strength of the left or right hand is 4 points (inclusive) or above, and the maintenance and makeup procedures can be operated with one or both hands. After the researcher's explanation, the participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Under the age of 65. The applicant has been admitted to a long-term care institution (conservation type) for less than three months. Unable to communicate in Mandarin, Taiwanese and written language. Participated in cosmetic therapy. Diagnosed with mental illness (except depression), dementia and delirium. Currently taking antidepressant drugs. Currently receiving depression-related treatment. The maintenance and makeup steps cannot be operated with assistance. Failure to sign the research consent form.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 100 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intervention group<br>The experimental group received 6-week cosmetic therapy. | Behavioral: Cosmetic therapy<br>* The cosmetic therapy in this study is once a week, 60 minutes each section for a total of 6-week. Cosmetic therapy uses the teaching materials to teach the subjects skincare and makeup operation steps and use the 10-minute limb stretching to relax their minds before the activity, and then lead the research subjects to use cotton pads to apply lotion and lotion. , female subjects used powder, eyebrow pencil, and lipstick (or lip balm) to complete weekly different-themed activities and hairstyling, while men performed weekly different theme activities and hairstyling.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The control group maintains the institution's original daily routine care. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Geriatric Depression Scale short-form (GDS-SF) | Geriatric Depression Scale short-form is a 15-item scale; each item on this scale uses a  Yes/ NO answer method, and the scoring method is 1 point and 0 points. The total score ranges from 0 to 15, with less than 5 indicating no depression symptoms, 5 to 9 indicating mild depression, greater than or equal to 10 indicating moderate to severe depression. | Pre-test before cosmetic therapy intervention and post-test at the end of six-week cosmetic therapy | 
| Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Chinese version) | Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Chinese version) is a 10-item scale that measures the respondent's self-esteem. Each item is scored on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); the minimum and maximum scores on the scale are 10 and 40, with lower scores suggesting better self-esteem. | Pre-test before cosmetic therapy intervention and post-test at the end of six-week cosmetic therapy | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Depression, Elderly Residents, Long-Term Care Institution, Self-esteem, Cosmetic Therapy