Effectiveness of the Spirometry Test as a Motivational Tool for Quitting Tobacco in Primary Care

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is analyze if spirometry is a motivational element for changes in the cessation phases of the tobacco habit, compared with not done spirometry.

Detailed Description
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According to data from the last INE health survey carried out in 2006, 31.4% of males and 22.3 % of females smoked, in other words more than 26% of the population were smokers. In the Region of Murcia, according to the same Health Survey, the data are even higher than those of Spain, with figures for male smokers at 36.25% and 23.31% for women, with an overall prevalence rate of nearly 30%. In light of these data, it is necessary to carry out intervention to help tobacco cessation and in this regard,the 98% of smokers trying to quit on their own without any specific support do not achieve their goal. Interventions at Primary Care Consultations we have two useful tools at our disposal: One of these is brief advice It should be firm, understandable, individualized, verbal and direct. It should last between 3 and 5 minutes and be eminently positive, highlighting the advantages of becoming an ex-smoker. This intervention vs non intervention have an OR=1.69 (IC 95%1.45-1.98). The other intervention we have in an intensive. This includes providing systematic anti-tobacco advice accompanied by written documentation and psychological support as well as the follow-up of patients in their dishabituation process, with a periodicity which varies according to different studies, although to do this more time will have to be dedicated in the consultation. As more intense intervention on these patients as efficacy obtained is higher, increasing abstinence rates significantly. Appropriate interventions based on stage of change are based on the transtheoretical model of Prochaska and DiClemente. Smokers are at one stage or another in terms of lesser or greater degree of motivation to quit being closely related to the phases of abandonment of tobacco. In addition to these tools, two other interventions have been studied which could be useful for increasing cessation rates. In this regard, a Cochrane review determined the efficiency of the evaluation of biomedical risks and different levels of assessment used as a cessation tool for quitting the tobacco habit. The information from eleven trials was analyzed and in three of them spirometry and co-oximetry were used as motivational elements for tobacco cessation. However, the results were inconclusive due to the heterogeneity of the studies, but concludes that it is possible to further improve the methodological quality of studies aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of biomedical risk assessment, including spirometry, as an aid to quit smoking. Other studies also seen as a considerable number of smokers get smoking quit after learning their spirometric results. For all of these reasons, it is necessary to carry out interventions which help to encourage tobacco habit cessation and in this regard this study has been designed, in which it is intended to assess spirometry , as a motivational element in the phase of tobacco cessation.

Official Title
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Randomized Clinical Trial About the Effectiveness of the Spirometry Test as a Motivational Tool for Quitting Tobacco in Primary Care

Conditions
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Tobacco Cessation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: spirometry


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: An active smoker Aged between 40 and 75 years No diagnosis of acute or chronic respiratory disease Exclusion Criteria: Serious or terminal diseases Limiting osteoarticular diseases Serious mental diseases: Psychosis Serious depressive disorder Neurosis Addiction to drugs/alcohol Displaced patients (not habitual residents) Pregnancy Spirometry carried out for any reason in the year prior to inclusion in the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: anti-smoking therapy<br>All patients will be given only an intervention for tobacco cessation which will depend on the individual's cessation phase | |
| Experimental: anti-smoking therapy + spirometry<br>All patients will be given an intervention for tobacco cessation which will depend on the individual's cessation phase. In addition, in this group will be given a spirometry test as a motivational element for dishabituation. | Diagnostic Test: spirometry<br>* All patients will be given an intervention for tobacco cessation which will depend on the individual's cessation phase and will be given a spirometry test as a motivational element for dishabituation.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| - Number of cessations of the tobacco habit (%) |  | 2-3 weeks, 3 month and 6 months | 
| - Cessation phase of the tobacco habit (%) |  | 2-3 weeks, 3 month and 6 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Score on the Richmond test for assessing motivation to quit smoking. |  | 2-3 weeks, 3 month and 6 months | 
| Fagerström test score to assess dependency. |  | 2-3 weeks, 3 month and 6 months | 
| Carbon monoxide levels (CO) (co-oximetry). |  | 2-3 weeks, 3 month and 6 months | 
| Anthropometric variables: weight, size and body mass index Exposure to tobacco: nº packets/day. |  | 2-3 weeks, 3 month and 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Spirometry, Primary care, Smoking Cessations