Facial Demodicosis and Ocular Demodicosis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To understand the association between facial demodicosis and ocular demodicosis, we plan to enroll patients with facial demodicosis, ocular demodicosis, or both, in order to analyze their clinical presentations, the density of Demodex infestation over facial skin and eyelashes, and possible risk factors of the two diagnoses.

Detailed Description
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Although facial demodicosis and ocular demodicosis are described in a variety of clinical presentations, the association between the two diagnoses is not clearly identified. Clinically, we plan to enroll 120 patients with facial demodicosis, ocular demodicosis. We will obtain their basic information, medical history, medication, and lifestyle. We will evaluate their clinical features. We will also perform quantitative tests including direct microscopic examination and cilia epilation test: Direct microscopic examination: On glabella and bilateral cheeks, follicular contents in the 1-cm × 1-cm area will be squeezed out. The contents are transferred onto a glass slide, covered with mineral oil and a cover slide, and examined under the microscope. Epilation: Four (4) non-adjacent cilia will be pulled from each upper eyelid and examined under the microscope. The total Demodex counts are recorded. We will analyze the clinical presentations, the density of Demodex infestation, and possible risk factors of the two diagnoses.

Official Title
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Clinical Correlation Between Facial Demodicosis and Ocular Demodicosis

Conditions
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Demodex Infestation, Rosacea, Blepharitis, Meibomian Gland Dysfunction, Pityriasis Folliculorum

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patient with a diagnosis of facial demodicosis or ocular demodicosis. A. Facial demodicosis defined as both 1 and 2: Clinical presentation of facial skin matches any of the followings: Pityriasis folliculorum. Papulopustular lesion. Rosacea. Demodex infestation detected by direct microscopic examination ≥ 5 mites/cm2. B. Ocular demodicosis defined as both 3 and 4: Clinical presentation of ocular region matches any of the followings: Chronic blepharitis. Eyelash abnormalities: trichiasis, distichiasis, madarosis. Meibomian gland dysfunction. Recurrent chalazion. Ocular rosacea. Demodex infestation detected by cilia epilation test ≥ 1 mite/eyelid. Exclusion Criteria: Usage of oral Ivermectin, topical Ivermectin or topical tea tree oil in the past 1 month. Patient who cannot tolerate direct microscopic examination or cilia epilation test.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Facial Demodicosis<br>Clinical presentation of facial skin matches any of the followings: Pityriasis folliculorum. Papulopustular lesion. Rosacea. Demodex infestation detected by direct microscopic examination ≥ 5 mites/cm2. | |
| Ocular Demodicosis<br>Clinical presentation of ocular region matches any of the followings: Chronic blepharitis. Eyelash abnormalities: trichiasis, distichiasis, madarosis. Meibomian gland dysfunction. Recurrent chalazion. Ocular rosacea. Demodex infestation detected by cilia epilation test ≥ 1 mite/eyelid. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Quantitative tests of facial and ocular demodicosis | Association between the results of direct microscopic examination and cilia epilation test | On initial evaluation | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Clinical features and quantitative tests of facial demodicosis | Association between the clinical features and the result of direct microscopic examination | On initial evaluation | 
| Clinical features and quantitative tests of ocular demodicosis | Association between the clinical features and the result of cilia epilation | On initial evaluation | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Demodex, Facial Demodicosis, Ocular Demodicosis, Direct Microscopic Examination, Rosacea, Blepharitis, Meibomian Gland Dysfunction, Pityriasis Folliculorum