Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Arteriovenous Fistula

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered the gold standard for safe and effective vascular access during hemodialytic treatment. It is known that systemic aerobic exercise is capable of promoting peripheral vasodilation, however, its effects on AVF are unknown. For this reason, we will evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on a stationary bicycle over the AVF caliber.

Detailed Description
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Hemodialysis is a method responsible for filtering blood and helping to control excess blood fluid and impurities in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. The vascular accesses commonly used in this procedure is atribute catheter, which is placed in a large caliber vein, usually jugular or femoral vein, and arteriovenous fistula (AVF). In order to use the AVF in the hemodialysis procedure, a maturation process of the AVF is necessary, characterized by the increase of its caliber, which is accelerated by force exercises located in the AVF region, whose purpose is to promote the vasodilation of the AVF. Systemically performed aerobic exercises are also capable of promoting peripheral vasodilation and their effects on AVF are still unknown. Therefore, this study proposes to evaluate the behavior of the AVF through ultrasound before, during and after performing aerobic exercise on a stationary bicycle. For this, all patient will sign the informed consent form, respond to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and questionnaire Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL-SFTM), and use a pedometer for 7 days to measure the number of steps per day to characterize the sample. Patients will remain in supine position for 5 minutes to measure their vascular caliber of the AVF by echography. After, will be instructed to perform 30 minutes on stationary bike (Model Monark). The AVF vascular caliber will be measured during aerobic exercise. Because it is a cross-over trial, participants will perform the other arm after 7 days.

Official Title
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Effects of Aerobic Exercise on the Vascular Caliber of the Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis: a Randomized Cross-over Study

Conditions
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Chronic Kidney Diseases

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Exercise group
* Other: Control group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients who use AVF hemodialysis for at least 1 month. Patients on hemodialysis 3 times a week at the HCPA Nephrology Service. Age equal to or greater than 18 years. Physical conditions to perform exercises proposed in this study. Stability of chronic kidney disease for at least 30 days, defined by absence of hospitalization. Exclusion Criteria: Acute myocardial infarction in the last 3 months. Acute infectious or inflammatory process. Decompensated coronary artery disease. Symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Arteriovenous fistula in lower limbs.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Exercise group<br>Patients will remain in supine position for 5 minutes to measure their vascular caliber of the AVF by echography. After, will be instructed to perform 30 minutes on stationary bicycle (Model Monark). The AVF vascular caliber will be measured during aerobic exercise. Because it is a cross-over trial, participants will perform the other arm after 7 days. | Other: Exercise group<br>* Aerobic exercise on a stationary bicycle<br>Other: Control group<br>* In a rest<br>|
| Active Comparator: Control group<br>The patients will perform 30 minutes of rest in a chair and the measurements will be performed in the same moments established by the exercise group. Because it is a cross-over trial, participants will perform the other arm after 7 days. | Other: Exercise group<br>* Aerobic exercise on a stationary bicycle<br>Other: Control group<br>* In a rest<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Arteriovenous fistula caliber | The arteriovenous fistula caliber will be measured using ultrasound. | 30 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) | Gasometry | after 30 minutes of exercise or rest | 
| Arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) | Gasometry | after 30 minutes of exercise or rest | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Exercise, Vasodilation