Evaluation of Efficiency for Three Different Aligning Archwires During Initial Orthodontic Leveling

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The present prospective clinical study was directed to evaluate the efficiency of three different aligning archwires during initial orthodontic leveling.

Detailed Description
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The present prospective clinical study was directed to evaluate efficiency of three different aligning arch wires during initial orthodontic leveling. The sample of present study included 30 patients, 15 females and 15 males; with a mean age was 17.81 ± 1.96 years. They were randomly allocated into three equal groups, according to the type of the aligning arch wire as follows: Group A: in which 10 patients, with a mean age was 17.27 ± 1.95 years, were treated with conventional singlestrand NiTi arch wires. Group B: in which 10 patients, with a mean age was 17.33 ± 2.42 years, were treated with Niobium-titanium-tantalum-Zirconium (Gummetal) arch wires. Group C: in which 10 patients, with a mean age was 18.70 ± 1.49 years, were treated with multistrand NiTi arch wires. Mandibular orthodontic study models were taken every 4 weeks and laser scanned to obtain 3D digital models during the 3 months observation period of the study. The changes in LII were determined at every 4 weeks observation intervals. Moreover, the changes in inter-canine, inter-1st premolar and inter-molar widths before and after three months were evaluated and compared among the three groups of aligning arch wires. Data were collected and statistically analyzed via Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 23). One Way ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests were used to assess the difference among the three studied groups and paired t-test was used to assess the difference and percent of changes within each group before and after three months observation period.

Official Title
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Evaluation of Efficiency for Three Different Aligning Archwires During Initial Orthodontic Leveling: A Prospective Clinical Study

Conditions
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Dental Malocclusion, Dental Crowding

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: fixed orthodontic appliance and arch wires


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: An age range from 15 to 20 years All permanent teeth have erupted (3rd molar not included) Angle class I malocclusion with normal facial proportions. Moderate crowding in the lower dental arch that required treatment with fixed appliance using the non-extraction approach. Good oral hygiene with healthy periodontium, good general health without any systematic disease that could affect the treatment. Exclusion Criteria: Severe crowding that requires an extraction approach. A blocked-out tooth that prevent the easy placement of the bracket at the initial bonding appointment. Poor oral hygiene or periodontal compromised teeth. Relevant medical history and/or regular medication that contraindicates and/or interferes with orthodontic treatment. Craniofacial anomalies or previous history of trauma, bruxism, or parafunction. Previous orthodontic treatment.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 20 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group A singlestrand NiTi arch wires<br>in which 10 patients (5 males and 5 females) were treated with round singlestrand NiTi arch wires in a sequence of 0.012, 0.014, and 0.016 inch. | Device: fixed orthodontic appliance and arch wires<br>* leveling and aligning stages in orthodontics<br>|
| Experimental: Group B Gummetal arch wires<br>in which 10patients (6 males and 4 females) were treated with niobium-titanium-tantalum-Zirconium arch wires (Gummetal arch wires) in a sequence of 0.014, 0.016, and 0.018 inch. | Device: fixed orthodontic appliance and arch wires<br>* leveling and aligning stages in orthodontics<br>|
| Experimental: Group C multistrand NiTi arch wires<br>in which 10 patients (4males and 6females) were treated with multistrand NiTi arch wires in a sequence of 0.016, 0.018, and 0.020 inch. | Device: fixed orthodontic appliance and arch wires<br>* leveling and aligning stages in orthodontics<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| evaluation of the alignment efficiency | evaluation of the alignment efficiency among the three investigated arch wires via the measurement of the scores of Little's Irregularity Index | three months of leveling and alignment | 
| comparison of the alignment efficiency | comparison of the alignment efficiency among the three investigated arch wiresvia the measurement of the scores of Little's Irregularity Index | three months of leveling and alignment | 
| evaluation of the alignment rate | evaluation of the alignment rate among the three investigated arch wiresvia the measurement of the scores of Little's Irregularity Index | three months of leveling and alignment | 
| comparison of the alignment rate among the three investigated arch wiresvia the measurement of the scores of Little's Irregularity Index | comparison of the alignment rate among the three investigated arch wiresvia the measurement of the scores of Little's Irregularity Index | three months of leveling and alignment | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| evaluation of the transverse mandibular arch dimensions changes among the three investigated arch wires. | evaluation of the transverse mandibular arch dimensions changes among the three investigated arch wires. | three months of leveling and alignment | 
| comparison of the transverse mandibular arch dimensions changes among the three investigated arch wires. | comparison of the transverse mandibular arch dimensions changes among the three investigated arch wires. | three months of leveling and alignment | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Orthodontic arch wire, alignment, Gummetal arch wire, multistrand arch wire