Rhinopharyngeal Retrograde Clearance is Effective to Adequate Upper Airways Function in Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Professionals working in polluted areas may present increased clinical airways symptoms and dysfunction. Rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (RRC) has been used to improve mucus clearance in infants with bronchitis and bronchiolitis, and instillation the nasal cavity with saline has been used to reduce nasal inflammation in rhinitis and sinusopathies. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of RRC and RCC combined with saline (RRC+S) on nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucus surface property, cellularity and airways symptoms in professional motorcyclists.

Detailed Description
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Male motorcyclists (mean age 36 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to RRC or RRC+S. Subjects were assessed at baseline and 15 days after interventions for saccharin test, mucus contact angle, cellularity in nasal lavage and airways symptoms with the use of SNOT-20 questionnaire. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for repeated measures with Bonferroni´s correction. A passive monitoring-system of nitrogen dioxide was used to assess the individual air pollution exposure along the study period. The association between nitrogen dioxide and the airways outcomes was analyzed by Spearman correlation test.

Official Title
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The Effectiveness of Rhinopharyngeal Retrograde Clearance on the Upper Airways Symptomatology and Function in Adults

Conditions
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Nasal Obstruction, Exposure to Pollution

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (RRC)


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Professional motorcyclists aged 18 years to 45 years Minimum of one year in that occupation Agreement with the written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Smokers Inability to understand and to follow commands Previous nasal surgery Respiratory infection in the previous 30 days

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: RRC<br>rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (RRC) isolated: First patient sits in a chair. Second: patient inhales air deeply and exhales making noise and vibration in the upper airway to facilitate swalling. Third patients finishes with another deep inhalation. This technique is new, simple to use and with no cost. No need of any material or equipment. | Other: rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (RRC)<br>* The rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance is a respiratory physical therapy technique that uses a forced inspiratory maneuver to clear the nasopharynx with the aid of saline instillation<br>* Other names: RCC+S;|
| Experimental: RRC+S<br>retrograde rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance combined with saline instillation (RRC+S): patient sits in a chair and inhaled air and make noise and vibrate the upper airway at the same instills saline into the nare to facilitate nose washing and swalling. This technique is new, simple to use and with low cost (only saline). | Other: rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (RRC)<br>* The rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance is a respiratory physical therapy technique that uses a forced inspiratory maneuver to clear the nasopharynx with the aid of saline instillation<br>* Other names: RCC+S;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Saccharine transit time test (STT) | To measure nasal mucociliary clearance. Subjects were asked to report the first perception of a sweet taste after 25 mg of saccharine powder was deposited in the free airflow nostril. | 15 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| mucus surface property | The contact angle of nasal mucus was measured. | 15 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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motorcyclist, nasal mucociliary clearance, physical therapy