Cognitive Appraisals and Team Performance Under Stress in Simulated Trauma Care

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Medical teams work in demanding situations that are often uncertain, changeable and require accurate decision-making, skilled movement and coordinated action. How teams perform matters for patient outcomes. In addition to medical expertise, how individuals and the team collectively respond and manage the psychological stress of the situation has a significant impact on performance. One approach, which attempts to explain the facilitating and debilitating effects of stress on performance is the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat. A challenge state occurs when perceived personal resources meet or exceed the situation's demands, whereas threat occurs when demands exceed resources. Challenge states have been consistently associated with improved performance in a range of environments and activities, including medical settings. In a recent study conducted during a national simulation-based training event for residents (the SIMCUP Italia 2018) it was found that a high level of resources is associated with better performance until demands become very high. The present study builds on previous work to explore how challenge and threat states are linked to performance. It includes a more recently developed and robust measure of demands and resource appraisals. In addition, secondary aims include the exploration of how psychological variables, specifically cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, self-confidence and social identity (connection with other members of the medical team) are linked to challenge and threat and performance. Understanding the psychological determinants of performance in critical care can provide the basis for individual and team-based interventions to improve critical care team performance.

Official Title
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Cognitive Appraisals and Team Performance Under Stress in Simulated Trauma Care

Conditions
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Trauma, Stress, Emotional, Cognitive Change

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: European Trauma Course


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Learners of the European Trauma Course in Italy Exclusion Criteria: Age < 18 years

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Learners of the European Trauma Course<br>Learners attending the European Trauma Course | Other: European Trauma Course<br>* Structured learning program specifically focused on Trauma management. The course provides frontal lessons, workshops for the technical skills and simulated scenarios. Please see https://www.erc.edu/courses/european-trauma-course for additional details<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Performance in simulated emergency trauma care | Composite outcome measure taking into account both technical and non technical skills evaluation from the course instructors | 3 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| participants' perceptions of task demands vs. personal resources | Evaluation of the evolution of the participants' perceptions of task demands vs. personal resources throughout the course | 3 days | 
| mental readiness | Evaluation of the evolution of the participants' mental readiness throughout the course | 3 days | 
| Social identity | Evaluation of the evolution of the participants' social identity throughout the course | 3 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Medical simulation, Cognitive appraisal, Stress psychology