Motivation and Skills for Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol/Ethanol (THC/ETOH+) Teens in Jail

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will focus on treating substance abusing incarcerated teens using individually administered Motivational Interviewing (MI) followed by group Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). The control group receives individualized Relaxation Training (RT) followed by group Treatment as Usual (TU). Currently, there is little research regarding effective group treatments for incarcerated teens and this study will address this gap in our knowledge base. We seek to reduce substance use and associated risky behaviors post-release (including driving under the influence, risky sexual behaviors, etc.)

Detailed Description
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This proposal is in response to RFA-DA-04-008, Group Treatment for Individuals in Drug Abuse or Alcoholism Treatment. Of particular interest to the agencies are group therapies for Conduct Disordered adolescents, reducing the spread of infectious disease, and mechanisms of action. This proposal targets these areas of interest. This study will focus on treating substance abusing incarcerated teens using 2 individually administered Motivational Interviewing (MI) sessions followed by 10 group sessions of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). MI is conceptualized as preparation for group CBT. The control group receives individualized Relaxation Training (RT) followed by group Treatment as Usual (TU). Currently, t here is little research regarding effective group treatments for incarcerated teens and this study will address this gap in our knowledge base. In this proposed randomized trial, a one-way design (MI/CBT vs RT/TU) will be used to determine whether MI/CBT enhances group therapy participation and reduces substance use and related problems (such as crime, injuries and unprotected sex) post discharge in substance-involved juvenile delinquents. RT/TU is based on the 12-step model and includes psycho-educational components. Participant are followed during incarceration and for 6 months post incarceration. Primary outcome variables include alcohol and marijuana use, as well as related behaviors (illegal activities, sex or injuries while drunk or high). It is hypothesized that in comparison to teens in RT/TU, youth receiving MI/CBT will participate more in therapy (according to teen, facility staff, and counselor ratings) and will show lower levels of substance use and related problems after discharge. Frequently, substance abuse treatment is unavailable to youths in the juvenile justice system, and when treatment is available, it may be provided in group format using untested therapies. A motivation/skills-based intervention (delivered in group format) may prove efficacious in enhancing motivation and in reducing substance abuse and related problems. This study extends previous research by rigorously evaluating group treatment for incarcerated teens. We will examine processes contributing to the efficacy of group MI/CBT, and the influence of race and ethnicity on treatment effects. The development of effective interventions for substance using juvenile offenders has the potential to reduce substance abuse and crime in this population.

Official Title
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Prison Study: Motivation and Skills for THC/ETOH+ Teens in Jail

Conditions
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Alcohol Drinking, Marijuana Smoking

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: MI/CBT
* Behavioral: RT/SU


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Adolescents will be eligible if in the year prior to incarceration they either a) drank alcohol or used marijuana at least once per month or b) binge-drank (> 5 for boys, > 4 for girls) during any two week period; or they drank or used marijuana in the four weeks before the offense for which they were incarcerated; or they used alcohol or marijuana in the four weeks before they were incarcerated. Exclusion Criteria: Those teens sentenced for less than 4 months or greater than 12 months, those who are younger than 14 years or older than 19 years, and those for whom have inability to consent/assent (example, language barrier) are not obtained will be excluded from participation.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 14 Years
Maximum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: MI/CBT<br>Motivational Interviewing followed by Cognitive Behavior Therapy | Behavioral: MI/CBT<br>* Motivational Interviewing followed by Cognitive Behavior Therapy<br>* Other names: Motivation Interviewing,Cognitive Behavior Therapy;|
| Experimental: RT/TU<br>Relaxation Training followed by Treatment as Usual | Behavioral: RT/SU<br>* Relaxation Training followed by Treatment as Usual<br>* Other names: Relaxation Training, Treatment as Usual;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Alcohol Use, Average # of Drinks Per Week | using Time-Line Follow-back, we collected average # of drinks per week for a 3 month period at Baseline, 3 months and 6 months post release | Baseline, 3 months post release and 6 months post release | 
| Marijuana Use | using Time-Line Follow-back, we collected average number of joints per smoking day | Baseline, 3 months post release and 6 month post release | 
| Crime: General Predatory Aggression | using the Misbehaviors Questionnaire, we collect 12 items that assess the average number of times crimes involving predatory aggression were committed at Baseline, 3 months and 6 month post release. | Baseline, 3 months post release and 6 months post release | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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substance abuse