Factors Involved in Obesity-related Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this project, we propose to recruit lean and obese subjects with different ethnic background (African Americans and Caucasians) to study the alterations of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and determine whether these disturbances are linked to genetic, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and/or nutritional factors. Because systemic inflammation and insulin resistance are frequent features of obesity, we postulate that an unbalanced diet with high saturated- and low omega 3-fatty acids is linked to obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance. We propose to investigate fatty acid metabolism and determine the links between fatty acid composition and oxidative stress in tissues of lean and obese subjects. We propose the following aims: Specific Aim 1: Evaluate nutrient intake in lean and obese subjects using the standard NHANES Food Questionnaire. Specific Aim 2: Evaluate the fatty acid composition, including omega-3, in adipose tissue depots, blood monocytes and skeletal muscle, and examine the relationship between omega-3 content and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Specific Aim 3: Compare the effects of omega-3 and saturated FA supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in vitro in adipose tissue explants, preadipocytes and monocyte culture.

Official Title
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Genetic and Nutritional Factors Involved in Obesity-related Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

Conditions
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Obesity, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 18-65 years of age Undergoing elective abdominal or bariatric surgery Exclusion Criteria: Intercurrent infections Active cancer diagnosis within 5 years Use of medications for diabetes or hyperlipidemia Use of glucocorticoids or anti-inflammatory drugs

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Normal weight: abdominal surgery<br>Lean individuals undergoing elective abdominal surgery | |
| Obese: abdominal or bariatic surgery<br>Obese subjects undergoing elective abdominal or bariatric surgery | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Examine the relationship between omega-3 content and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers | We will evaluate fatty acid composition in adipose tissues depots, blood monocytes, and skeletal muscle to examine the relationship between omega-e content and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. | 5 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluate nutrient intake | Using the NHANES Food Questionnaire, we will evaluate nutrient intakes of lean and obese individuals | 5 years | 
| Compare effects of omega-3 and saturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers (in vitro) | Compare the effects of omega-3 and saturated FA supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in vitro in adipose tissue explants, preadipocytes and monocyte culture. | 5 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Obesity, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation