Hemodialysis and Wanting for Protein-rich Foods

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A study conducted in the laboratory revealed the existence of a window during which patients with renal failure appreciate the protein-rich foods. This period, located immediately after the dialysis, is likely related to the purification of plasma products resulting from protein catabolism. It therefore appears necessary to understand the mechanisms that may explain these changes by measurements of ghrelin (orexigenic hormone), leptin (anorectic hormone) and plasma amino acids.

Detailed Description
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In 24 patients with renal failure treated by hemodialysis, it is evaluated (at 8:00 am and at 11:00 am), a day without hemodialysis and another day after the hemodialysis: Hunger sensation, Olfactory liking assessed separately for 6 foods (2 carbohydrate-, 2 fat- and 2 protein-rich foods) and 2 non-alimentary products, Food wanting evaluated by the sequential presentation of 18 images of food (6 fat-, 6 carbohydrate- and 6 protein-rich foods), Two blood samples for the assays of leptin, ghrelin, creatinine, albumin and pre-albumin as well as plasma amino acids. 24 healthy subjects are also evaluated in order to compare the results from patients to those of control subjects.

Official Title
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Influence of Chronic Renal Failure and Hemodialysis on Liking and Wanting for Foods

Conditions
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Renal Failure

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients and healthy subjects were included if they were aged between 18 and 80 years Exclusion Criteria: diabetes, advanced undernutrition (BMI < 17.5 kg m-2, prealbumin < 250 mg.L-1), congestive heart failure, acute or chronic infection, ongoing antibiotic treatment, active cancer, liver cirrhosis, smoking (more than 5 cigarettes/day), alcohol consumption (more than 3 units/day), aversion to the foods eaten or smelt during the study, impaired comprehension of the cognitive tasks

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Amount of wanting for protein-rich foods | The wanting is determined after the successive presentation (for ten seconds) of 18 pictures of food. For each food the question is at the present time, do you want to eat this food? . For each photo, subjects place a vertical line on a 10 cm horizontal line bounded at its ends by no desire and extremely envy (visual analog scale).The wanting for proteins is the mean score for the desire to eat protein-rich foods. | 20 min (from 8:00 to 8:20 am) and 20 min (from 11:00 to 11:20 am) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Concentrations of the plasma amino-acids | Variation in concentrations of amino-acids during the morning a day with hemodialysis and a day without hemodialysis, and comparison with plasma AAs from healthy subjects | 8:30 am and 11:30 am |