Normal Parameters of Cranial Vessels Using Cranial Vascular Duplex Among Egyptian Population

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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the study will be carried out to standardize normal parameters of vascular duplex ultrasound of the cranial vessels in the Egyptian population.

Detailed Description
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Atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic stroke and a significant proportion of strokes are thromboembolic in nature, arising from atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have reported racial differences in the severity and distribution of carotid atherosclerosis. In the United States and Western communities, Extra-cranial carotid artery disease was estimated to be responsible for 20-30% of strokes. Little is known about the prevalence and distribution of carotid disease among the populations in the developing countries. Vascular duplex ultrasound is a useful, cheap and available diagnostic tool for assessing cranial vascular disease. Duplex ultrasound can be highly reliable with proper technique, without the risk of radiation in other imaging modalities, is well tolerated by all patients including those who are claustrophobic in MRI machines, and has much less risks compared to conventional angiography studies. Although vascular duplex has been used for years yet there is little researches had been done on normal population in the developing countries to collect results and compare it to the parameters that was collected and reviewed in the western developed populations. The parameters that would be used in this study include both the data collected by static and dynamic duplex scan which are the intimal-medial thickness, the vessels' diameter, peak flow velocity and peak flow volume both systolic and diastolic for either extra- or intra-cranial vessels.

Official Title
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Standardization of Normal Parameters of Cranial Vessels by Using Extra and Trans Cranial Vascular Duplex Among Egyptian Population

Conditions
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Atherosclerosis, Atheroma of Cerebral Arteries, Atheroma; Carotid Artery, Atheroma; Cerebral

Intervention / Treatment
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* Radiation: vascular duplex ultrasound imaging


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Normal subjects between 20-40 years Exclusion Criteria: Diabetic patients, hypertensive patients, any evidence of vascular disease either peripheral or central, subjects refusing to participate

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Radiation: vascular duplex ultrasound imaging|Duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive evaluation of blood flow through cranial arteries and veins.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Normal intimal-medial thickness measured in millimeter | Estimation of the intimal-medial thickness for cranial vessels. | 24 months | 
| Normal vessels' diameter measured in millimeter | Estimation of the vessels' diameter | 24 months | 
| Normal peak flow velocity measured in cm/sec | peak flow velocity both systolic and diastolic for cranial vessels | 24 months | 
| Normal indices | pulsatility index and resistance index for cranial vessels | 24 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Early detection of subjects at risk of atherosclerosis | detection of subjects with early atherosclerotic changes for further management | 24 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Cranial vessels, Normal parameters, Carotid Duplex, Egyptian