Antioxidant in Patients HIV+ Supplemented With Microencapsulated of Red Pomegranate

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a pandemic, Mexico has around 184,000 people infected by this virus. A common metabolic problem for these patients is oxidative stress (OS), which has been related with the progression of the disease and the presence of comorbidities. Pomegranate is a fruit rich in antioxidants, which potentially can inhibit or reduce deleterious metabolic compounds resulting from OS; however; it has never been tested in patients infected with HIV. The present project was done in patients HIV+ from state of Hidalgo in order to see the effects of microencapsulated red pomegranate juice (MRPJ) and ascorbic acid (AA) on antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation both biomarkers of oxidative stress. Sixty subjects were recruited, 30 HIV positive (HIV+) and 30 HIV negative (HIV-). Three subgroups (n=10) were formed from each group: 1) supplemented with (1g/d) MRPJ; 2) supplemented with 1g/d AA; and 3) control group (unsupplemented). The intervention lasted 90 days and blood samples were taken four times: at the beginning and every 30 days. Antioxidant activity in the blood serum was measured by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS + (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) methods while lipid peroxidation by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels which was measured by TBARS method. The baseline results showed a significant decrease of antioxidant activity in HIV+ groups compared to the HIV- groups, although there was no significant difference in lipid peroxidation, as measured by MDA assay levels. Several studies suggest that the reduction of antioxidant activity is a consequence of the infection and the antiretroviral treatment, although the organism tries to reestablish it unbalance it usually fails, thus (OS) is significant in these patients. The groups that received AA had antioxidant activity greater than the MRPJ treated. MRPJ treatment, however, the groups that received MRPJ had significantly reduced lipid peroxidation. Reduced lipid peroxidation could have more beneficial effects on HIV+ subjects since the reduction of markers of OS, such as lipid peroxidation, has been associated with reductions in the risk of death from HIV.

Detailed Description
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Since Patients HIV+ suffer oxidative stress, microencapsulated of red pomegranate juice will be evaluated for decreasing oxidative stress in HIV+ patients it will be compared with patients treated with ascorbic acid. The supplementation will take 90 days and blood samples were taken four times: at the beginning of the study and every 30 days thereafter. Antioxidant activity in the blood serum was measured by the DPPH and ABTS+ methods lipid peroxidation was measured as stress oxidative markers

Official Title
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Antioxidant Activity and Lipid Peroxidation Status in Patients HIV+ Supplemented With Microencapsulated of Red Pomegranate

Conditions
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HIV Positive

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: HIV+ MRPJ
* Dietary Supplement: HIV+ ascorbic acid


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: Over 18 years Having a positive HIV diagnosis Having antiretroviral treatment Status of one of the following clinical categories A1, A2, B1 and B2 at the time of the study start, Residents of the city of Pachuca Exclusion Criteria: Subjects taking antioxidants Pregnant women. Subjects taking of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g.captopril or enalapril). subjects who do not comply with at least 95% of the adherence of the supplementation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: A prospective double-blind randomized clinical trial
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: HIV+ MRPJ<br>Supplementation with microencapsulated (1g/d) for 90 days | Dietary Supplement: HIV+ MRPJ<br>* supplemented with (1g/d) MRPJ<br>|
| Experimental: HIV+ ascorbic acid<br>Supplementation with ascorbic acid (1g/d) for 90 days | Dietary Supplement: HIV+ ascorbic acid<br>* Supplemented with (1g/d) AA<br>|
| Experimental: HIV- MRPJ<br>Supplementation with microencapsulated (1g/d) for 90 days | Dietary Supplement: HIV+ MRPJ<br>* supplemented with (1g/d) MRPJ<br>|
| Experimental: HIV- ascorbic acid<br>Supplementation with ascorbic acid (1g/d) for 90 | Dietary Supplement: HIV+ ascorbic acid<br>* Supplemented with (1g/d) AA<br>|
| No Intervention: HIV- Control<br>Unsupplemented | |
| No Intervention: HIV+ Control<br>Unsupplemented | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Biochemical analyses to determine antioxidant capacity | Four different tests for antioxidant activity were utilized. Plasma antioxidant capacity, catalase, H2O2, and TBARS | At 0 time (baseline) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Biochemical analyses to determine antioxidant capacity | Four different tests for antioxidant activity were utilized. Plasma antioxidant capacity, catalase, H2O2, and TBARS | 30 days after intervention |