Measurement of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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It is reported that optic nerve sheath diameter increases when higher volume of medication is injected during epidural anesthesia. This study is designed to compare the optic nerve sheath diameter using 10cc of nomal saline of different speed (3cc/sec vs. 1cc/sec).

Detailed Description
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It is known that insufficient intraoperative or postoperative management can lengthen the hospital stay with unwanted complications. Therefore, active and proper management using continuous thoracic epidural catheterization is suggested good option to prevent such potential complication. According to previous study, injection of different volume of local anesthetics (1.0 ml/kg vs. 1.5 ml/kg) during caudal anesthesia, high volume of local anesthetics resulted in significant increase of intracranial pressure (ICP). Increase of ICP can reduce regional cerebral flow and oxygen saturation causing the safety of patients. In addition, increase of ICP can result in headache, syncope, and transient loss of visual acuity. Although it is very invasive method, ICP can be measured directly at the brain parenchyme. Among methods to measure the ICP indirectly, measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter using ultrasound is known to reflect the degree of ICP. It is reported that optic nerve sheath diameter increases when higher volume of medication is injected during epidural anesthesia. This study is designed to compare the optic nerve sheath diameter using 10cc of nomal saline of different speed (3cc/sec vs. 1cc/sec).

Official Title
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Effect of Different Speed of Normal Saline Injection on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter During Thoracic Epidural Catheterization

Conditions
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Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: thoracic epidural catheterization


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: lung cancer liver cancer stomach cancer pancreas cancer Exclusion Criteria: coagulopathy infection previous spine fusion at thoracic level previous brain surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Rapid speed of injection<br>Rapid speed of injection (3cc/sec) during thoracic epidurography thoracic epidural catheterization | Other: thoracic epidural catheterization<br>* thoracic epidural catheterization with different speed of injection<br>|
| Active Comparator: Slow speed of injection<br>Slow speed of injection (1cc/sec) during thoracic epidurography thoracic epidural catheterization | Other: thoracic epidural catheterization<br>* thoracic epidural catheterization with different speed of injection<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| optic nerve sheath diameter change among 4 time period | optic nerve sheath diameter change among 4 time period using ultrasound | Baseline, 1 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes after the completion of the intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Injection Speed