A Chart Review of Rituximab Plus Repeated Cycles of Dexamethasone

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this prospective and retrospective chart review, investigators will evaluate the response rates and duration of response for patients with relapsed and refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who have been treated with rituximab and repeated courses of dexamethasone. Investigators will also evaluate observed toxicities of the combination, and characteristics associated with response.

Detailed Description
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Patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) usually respond with an increase in platelet count after treatment with steroids, but most patients will experience recurrence.Rituximab has been a useful treatment for patients with recurrent ITP; many hundreds of patients have been treated. 30-40% of patients will achieve a complete remission (CR: platelet count >150 x 109/l) with initial treatment. However, most patients will relapse between 1 and 3 years from initial treatment suggesting that long-term cures only occur in 20% of the initial patients. An increased rate of durable CRs is therefore a desirable goal. One approach would be to use rituximab maintenance; however, this strategy results in long term B cell suppression. Dexamethasone has also been used to achieve cure in ITP, especially in adults at or near diagnosis. An initial study suggested that approximately 50% of patients would achieve a long-term response with only one 4-day cycle of high dose (40 mg/day) dexamethasone. A follow up study suggested that 3-4 cycles of dexamethasone would be better than 1 cycle. Finally, a recent publication suggested that rituximab plus one cycle of dexamethasone was superior to dexamethasone alone, with a > 50% CR rate at 6 months. Based on the published activity of rituximab and dexamethasone in this disorder, some patients have received treatment with combined dexamethasone and rituximab. We will review the data of those patients who have received more than one course of dexamethasone together with rituximab for relapsed or refractory ITP in order to determine the response rate, duration of response, toxicity of the combination, and clinical predictors of response in this group.

Official Title
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A Chart Review of Rituximab Plus Repeated Cycles of Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory ITP:

Conditions
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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Subjects must be diagnosed with ITP. Subjects must be 3 years old or older Subjects must have a platelet count less than 40,000/uL at initiation of treatment regimen or inability to discontinue maintenance treatments such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), corticosteroids, azathioprine, and/or a thrombopoietin receptor agonist. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Subjects who have not been diagnosed with ITP. 2 Subjects who are younger than 3 years old 3. Subjects who have a medical condition that would be adversely affected by high dose steroids

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| An increase in Platelet count | An increase in Platelet count after 8 weeks on treatment | 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Achieve a complete or partial response to treatment | Investigators hope patients will achieve a complete response (a platelet count greater than or equal to 100,000/uL) or a partial response (a platelet count between 50,000/uL and 99,000/uL) not due to rescue medication within an average of 12 weeks | Within an average of 12 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Platelets are a part of the blood hat helps with clotting, ITP idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura low platelet count