Attention Bias Modification Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this study, we test whether a two-week 8-session neutral attention bias modification (ABM) training and a two-week 4-session positive ABM could reduce depressive symptoms relative to placebo controls in adolescents with major depressive disorder at posttraining and follow-ups during one year.

Detailed Description
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Depression is a common health problem in adolescents. Negative attentional bias has been theorized to play a critical role in the onset and maintenance of depression, suggesting that reduction of such biases may treat symptoms of depression. Recent studies have shown that attention bias modification(ABM) training could reduce depressive symptoms in both dysphoria and previously depressed adult patients.To test the effectiveness of ABM training on the treatment of depressive symptoms in depressed adolescents, we designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial in adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD).

Official Title
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Attention Bias Modification Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, Unspecified

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: ABMT


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Meet the major depression disorder's criteria Exclusion Criteria: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or organic mental disorder; any concurrent psychotherapy; any concurrent psychotropic medication.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 11 Years
Maximum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Attentional bias modification training<br>Attention bias modification training (ABMT) is a a variation of attention tasks to modify attentional biases, in which a probe always appears in the location of relatively positive stimuli after the two stimuli, one neutral and one emotional, were simultaneously presented. Participants complete 8 sessions (320 trials each with 20 minutes) over two weeks of neutral ABMT to shift attention toward neutral, in which a probe appeared in the location of neutral with 90% probability, and sadness-related with 10% probality. At a 9-week follow-up, participants completed 4 more sessions (480 trials each with 30 minutes)over two weeks of positive ABMT to shift attention toward positive words,in which a probe appeared in the location of 67% positive or 33% neutral. | Behavioral: ABMT<br>* During a two-week period, 8 sessions of a modified dot probe task for attentional bias modification training (ABMT) condition, 8 sessions of a classic dot probe task for placebo training (PT) condition.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Placebo control<br>The placebo ABMT was identical to the active ABMT, but shifted toward neutral (50%) or sad (50%) stimuli equally often (i.e., 50/50 training). | Behavioral: ABMT<br>* During a two-week period, 8 sessions of a modified dot probe task for attentional bias modification training (ABMT) condition, 8 sessions of a classic dot probe task for placebo training (PT) condition.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in depressive symptom number | Depressive symptom accounts measured by Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. | baseline, 7-week, 6-month follow-up | 
| Changes in depressive severity | depressive severity measured by the construct interview of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children(K-SADS) | baseline, 7-week, 6-month follow-up | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of Self-report symptoms | symptoms measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait(STAI-T)，Rumination Response Style（RRS)，Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire（SIQ） | baseline, 7-week, 6-, 12-month follow-up | 
| Diagnostic status of major depressive disorder | Assessed by the diagnostic interview of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children | baseline, 7-week, 6-month follow-up | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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depression，adolescent，attention bias，modification