Acute Effects of Vinyasa Yoga on Vascular Function

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the acute effects of vinyasa yoga on arterial stiffness, wave reflection, and blood markers in normo- and hyper-tensive adults. To address this aim, fifteen normotensive adults and 15 adults with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension with a minimum of 3 months of yoga practice experience were enrolled. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index (AIx), lipid profile, and glucose concentrations were assessed at baseline and immediately following a 1-hour vinyasa yoga session.

Official Title
-----------------
Acute Effects of Yoga on Arterial Stiffness, Wave Reflection, and Blood Markers in Normotensive and Hypertensive Adults

Conditions
-----------------
Hypertension

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Yoga session


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Having normal (systolic blood pressure <120 mm Hg with a diastolic <80 mm Hg) or elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 120-129 mm Hg) or stage 1 hypertension (systolic blood pressure 130-139 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure 80-89 mm Hg). Must have had at least 3 months of prior yoga experience. Exclusion Criteria: A history of cardiovascular disease or cardiac events, pregnancy, infection within the last 4 weeks, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), endocrine or renal disease, metabolic disorders, or debilitating muscular, joint and bone injury.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 1-hour vinyasa yoga session<br>One hour of vinyasa yoga was completed by all participants while following a DVD. | Behavioral: Yoga session<br>* a 1-hour yoga session was completed by all participants following a DVD.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Arterial stiffness | Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity | Once before the yoga session | 
| Arterial stiffness | Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity | Once immediately after the 1-hour yoga session | 
| Wave reflection | Augmentation index | Once before the yoga session | 
| Wave reflection | Augmentation index | Once immediately after the 1-hour yoga session | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lipid profile | Blood samples obtained via finger stick and analyzed for total-, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations using reflectance photometry. | Once before the yoga session | 
| Lipid profile | Blood samples obtained via finger stick and analyzed for total-, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations using reflectance photometry. | Once immediately after the 1-hour yoga session |