Effect of Exercises on Computer Vision Syndrome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Computer vision syndrome characterized as a complex of eye and vision problem related with activities which increase stress for close to vision. It includes a group of visual symptoms which occur from the extended viewing of the digital screen, when the demands of the task exceed the abilities of the viewer. Computer vision syndrome is an umbrella term that envelops many eye and environment-related problem that happen when the viewing need of the task increase the visual capability of the computer user which cause inefficacy to focus appropriately on computer images. Computer vision syndrome is also known as Digital Eye Strain.

Detailed Description
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The continuous pandemic of COVID-19 has caused huge pressure in the medical services framework and adjusted the everyday way of life of normal individuals. Episodes of lockdown and social distancing have cut face to face connections, schooling, and working. During the lockdown time frame, individuals have depended on computers for data and entertainment, prompt a higher hazard to promote computer vision syndrome. Up to 90% of computer users whose spend 3 hours a day in front of computer screen suffers from computer vision syndrome. Computer vision syndrome symptoms include blurred vision, headaches, dry eye (Tearing), eye redness, burning eye sensation, neck and shoulder pain. Posture problem most commonly seen in computer users. Screen radiation is not good for eye and due to screen radiation eye muscle fatigue occurs and static posture causes neck muscle fatigue. In Computer vision syndrome, we guide the participate to follow preventive measures for example, use of antiglare filter, self-neck muscle stretching, keep the distance between eye and screen is approximately between 40 and 76 cm, Proper sleep, antiglare glasses, proper lightning, ergonomics positioning of computer monitor and taking breaks during work may help to avoid Computer vision syndrome related symptoms i.e. Neck and shoulder pain, Eye Redness, Blurred vision, dry eye (tearing), Headache, burning eye sensation.From this study, Participants become aware of the importance of neck stretching exercise during computer usage and distance from screen. Factor contributing in Computer vision syndrome include low screen brightness, no of hours of use per day, sitting position, position of screen, improper viewing distance, improper viewing angle, ocular diseases, medical diseases and aging and environment, imbalance of light between the computer screen and the surrounding. Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is the main world related problem of the 21st century and its side effects influence almost around 70% of all computer users. All around the world, Computer vision syndrome is one of the public health problems and decrease usefulness at work increased error rate, reduce job satisfaction and impair visual capacities. Given the low accessibility and uses of personal defensive instrument, the high responsibility and the restricted break time while work with computer in developing countries, the burden of Computer vision syndrome is very high. In the current quick time of innovation, our lives have become subject to computer utilization and limitless admittance to electronic devices, whether it is connected with our work, in instructive organizations, or for entertainment purposes. The proceeded and uncontrolled use has represented a threat to our wellbeing and a raised gamble for Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). The greater part of these manifestations is connected with eye vision, eye muscles, light awareness, outer muscle framework and other general body symptoms. Around 64%-90% of individuals experience these side effects because of abuse and aimless utilization of computers. The frequency of new cases every year mounts to a million. Computer vision syndrome is common phenomena amongst computer users. Computers have become necessary part of modern life. Now a day's computer is used in every field of work and everything converts hard to soft so computer users increase Computers are now extensively used in schools and at home as well. With increased popularity of notebooks, use of digital devices is no longer only limited to desktops. People use computer for work, web surfing, social networking and playing video games. In this techno-age, children as young as two years are given touch screen devices like iPads to play and learn with. Professional video game players in South Korea are known to spend as long as 18 hours per day in front of their screens at a stretch. The American Optometric Association defines computer vision syndrome as a group of eye and vision-related problems that occur due to prolonged computer usage. In current life today, it is assessed that worldwide around 60 million individuals suffer from computer vision syndrome, including kids and understudies are unfortunately acclimated with utilize the computerize screen and computer for extremely extended period of time. What make things worse are the new bad behavior patterns of the school and college students to study their subject using the computer rather than the book studies. The use of the internet which was now also increasingly popular causes workers to spend time in front of the computer at least 3 hours per day. The benefits gained from the use of computers were very numerous but not everyone was aware of the problems caused when using a computer, especially if working at the computer for too long and continuously.The rapid development of technology makes computers as a tool that facilitates work quickly and efficiently. Almost all fields of work today use computers as a tool to facilitate their work, there were around 100 million people use

Official Title
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Effect of Figure Eight Vision Exercise Combined With Chin Nodding and Neck Stretching Exercises on Computer Vision Syndrome

Conditions
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Neck Pain, Dry Eye Syndromes, Head Pain, Eye Strain, Asthenopia, Computer Vision Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: figure eight vision exercise
* Other: chin nodding
* Other: neck stretching


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: individuals who have been working on computer for at least 2 years for 3 hours per day. Exclusion Criteria: any individual diagnosed with head injury, head trauma, tumor, craniotomy, congenital eye disease and any other visual deficits like cataract and retinopathy.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: The study included two groups i.e. experimental and control group.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Control Group<br>in control group,33 participants (17=male, 16=female) performed figure eight vision exercise for 30 seconds once a day for 4 to 5 days per week for total duration of 4 week. | Other: figure eight vision exercise<br>* figure 8 vision exercise is performed in sitting position focus on a point 10 feet away, trace an imaginary horizontally figure 8 with eyes. keep tracing figure eight.<br>|
| Experimental: Experimental Group<br>in experimental group, 33 participants (17=male, 16=female) performed figure eight vision exercise for 30 seconds followed by chin nodding for 20 second and followed by self neck stretching for 20 seconds. All the exercises are performed once a day for 4 to 5 days per week for total duration of 4 week. | Other: figure eight vision exercise<br>* figure 8 vision exercise is performed in sitting position focus on a point 10 feet away, trace an imaginary horizontally figure 8 with eyes. keep tracing figure eight.<br>Other: chin nodding<br>* chin nodding performed in sitting for keeping head placed straight over spine, place finger on chin and tuck-in the chin while head straight back until a stretch is felt at base of head.<br>Other: neck stretching<br>* trapezius : neck flexion with opposite side bending and same side rotation for both sides. sternocleidomastoid : neck extension with opposite side bending and same side rotation for both sides.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| self administered questionnaire | self administered questionnaire is used to asses computer vision symptoms that comprises of six symptoms that are headache, blurred vision, burning eye sensation, dry eyes, eye redness and neck and shoulder pain with severity of mild, moderate and severe. | 4 weeks | 
| computer vision syndrome level instrument | It is used to assess symptoms and associated factors of computer vision syndrome and comprises of 10 questions.The scoring of questionnaire is as 0= never, 1=sometime and 2=always.The reliability of questionnaire is 0.986. | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Computer vision syndrome, Digital eye strain, visual display terminal