Effect of Remote Cognitive Intervention in Patients With Parkinson's Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Retrospective study to evaluate the effect of a remote cognitive-rehabilitative intervention during the Covid outbreak in subjects with Parkinson's disease.

Detailed Description
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Mild cognitive impairment is frequent among people with Parkinson's disease. Cognitive training seems effective on cognitive status and for mitigating anxiety and depression. With COVID-19 outbreak, such therapeutic interventions were delivered online. This retrospective study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of an online cognitive treatment, carried out in COVID times and based on the Parkinson's-Adapted Cognitive Stimulation Therapy, on cognitive domains and mood in 18 older people with Parkinson's disease.

Official Title
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Effect of Remote Cognitive Intervention in Patients With Parkinson's Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease, COVID-19, Mild Cognitive Impairment

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Cognitive digital treatment


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Parkinson disease: Hoehn & Yahr's scale: 1-3 based on the UK PD Society Brain Bank mild cognitive impairment no cognitive training between March and October 2020 presence of a family caregiver to access and use the online platform Exclusion Criteria: other neurological diseases deep brain stimulation schizophrenia depression sensory deprivations that could interfere with the treatment
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Cognitive digital treatment<br>Cognitive digital treatment in patients with Parkinson's disease | Other: Cognitive digital treatment<br>* The remote cognitive-rehabilitation treatment was based on Parkinson's adapted cognitive stimulation therapy (CST). Fourteen twice-weekly sessions were planned, followed by one session per week for a duration of six months for maintenance therapy. The treatment took place in groups of 4 patients in remote mode through the Microsoft-Teams platform. All subjects maintained the prescribed drug therapy and regular physiotherapy activity during the intervention.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| changes in cognitive status | The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate the cognitive status.The test consists of 2 parts: language (time orientation, registration and attention) and performance (recall, response to written/verbal commands, sriting ability and reproduction of complex polygons); the total score can range from 0 to 30, with a higher score indicating better function. | This evaluation was performed in the pre-COVID-19 period, at the beginning of the remote treatment (8 months from the pre-COVID evaluation), and at the end of the remote treatment (7 weeks from the start of the treatment) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| changes in cognitive domains | The Addembrooke's Cognitive Examination Battery (ACE-R) was used to evaluate the cognitive domains. The ACE-R consists of six components evaluating separate cognitive domains. A maximum score of 100 is weighted as follows: orientation (10), attention (8), memory(35), verbal fluency (14), language (28), and visuospatialability (5). | This evaluation was performed in the pre-COVID-19 period, at the beginning of the remote treatment (8 months from the pre-COVID evaluation), and at the end of the remote treatment (7 weeks from the start of the treatment) | 
| changes in thymic state | The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 items (GDS-15 items) was used to evaluate the tymic state.This instrument evaluated depressive symptoms using yes/no answers. Scores range between 0 and 15 points. Higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms. | This evaluation was performed in the pre-COVID-19 period, at the beginning of the remote treatment (8 months from the pre-COVID evaluation), and at the end of the remote treatment (7 weeks from the start of the treatment) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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COVID-19, cognitive telerehabilitation, Parkinson's disease, Cognition