Effect of Carbohydrate Consumption on Fatigue and Muscle Damage in Jiu-Jitsu Athletes

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial that will include the participation of 14 Jiu-Jitsu athletes between 18 and 33 years. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of carbohydrate consumption on fatigue and exercise-induced muscle damage in Jiu-Jitsu athletes.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a sport characterized by intermittent high-intensity efforts separated by periods of low intensity. Muscular strength is considered one of the most important physical components to be developed, especially in the upper limbs through dynamic and static actions. The activities of high intensity (relation effort-pause) carried out by the upper and lower limbs during BJJ can induce muscle fatigue. In order to minimize the glycogen depletion and to guarantee the availability of energy substrate to the athlete during the physical exercise, the carbohydrate intake before moderate intensity exercises should be between 5-7 g / kg of weight / day. The intervention group will receive a 30g maltodextrin beverage and the placebo group a non-carbohydrate drink. There will be 3 combat simulations of 8 min each, with intervals of 10 min between fights. Athletes will be instructed to remain with their usual intake during the study. The outcomes will be: manual grip strength (dynamometer), upper limb strength (KGST), lower limb strength (vertical jump), subjective exertion perception (Borg scale), pain perception (Nilsson scale), blood markers of muscle damage (CK and LDH), lactate, and glycemia.

Official Title
-----------------
Effect of Carbohydrate Consumption on Fatigue and Muscle Damage in Jiu-Jitsu Athletes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Conditions
-----------------
Fatigue, Exercise-induced Muscle Damage

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate (maltodextrin)
* Other: Placebo


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Compete in the categories of weight between 70kg and 88,3kg (weight classification from light to medium heavy, belonging to the bands purple to brown). Age between 18 and 33 years. Be training at least three times a week, minimum of 1,5 hours per day, for at least 3 consecutive months. Have not used anabolic steroids in the last 6 months during the study period. Do not use any type of dietary supplement in the last 3 months. Self-declared healthy individuals. Exclusion Criteria: Recent muscle injury (within the last 3 months) that compromises and / or impedes the performance of the exercise requested in the study. Be in a time of rapid weight loss (pre-competition).

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 33 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Carbohydrate<br>30g of carbohydrate (maltodextrin) diluted in 300ml of water. Athletes will drink 100ml before and 100ml in the first and second interval between exercise. | Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate (maltodextrin)<br>* maltodextrin flavored<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>300 ml of a non-caloric drink. Athletes will drink 100ml before and 100ml in the first and second interval between exercise. | Other: Placebo<br>* non-caloric drink<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change in upper limbs strength | Kimono Grip Strength Test | Pre-exercise; at 2 intervals during exercise; 24hour and 48hour after exercise | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| change in lower limbs power | Horizontal Countermovement Jump | Pre-exercise; at 2 intervals during exercise; 24hour and 48hour after exercise | 
| change in hand grip strength | Grip Strength Test | Pre-exercise; at 2 intervals during exercise; 24hour and 48hour after exercise | 
| change in creatine kinase | 3 ml of blood samples | Pre-exercise; immediatly post-exercise; 24hour and 48hour after exercise | 
| change in glucose | fingertip blood measured by Accutrend® Active glucose-specific reagent tape | Pre-exercise; at 2 intervals during exercise; immediatly post-exercise | 
| change in lactate | fingertip blood measured by Accutrend Plus. | At 2 intervals during exercise; immediatly post-exercise | 
| change in lactate dehydrogenase | 3 ml of blood samples | Pre-exercise; immediatly post-exercise; 24hour and 48hour after exercise |