Diffusion-Weighted MRI for Liver Metastasis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The DREAM study will assess the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted MRI in combination with other imaging modalities (multiparametric MRI and CT Scan) in determining the true status of disappearing liver metastasis (DLM) detected after conversion systemic therapy for unresectable or borderline resectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM).

Detailed Description
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The advancements of systemic and local therapies for complex CRLM have led to the increased incidence of DLMs. It is hypothesized that DW-MRI imaging could distinguish between a metastasis not completely sterilized by conversion therapy and a sterilized scar (non-viable tumor). If this can be demonstrated, the use of DW-MRI could make a significant impact on the surgical decision making process by providing surgeons a more reliable guide to decide whether to leave behind or to resect/ablate a site of DLM. Most importantly, this surgical choice can also have a significant impact on patient outcomes as it may impact the risk of local recurrence and the need for re-operation.The possibility of improving surgical management of complex CRLM is foreseen if the benefit of observing or resecting small residual metastases and DLMs is clarified through a multi-center and international prospective study.

Official Title
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Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Liver Metastasis to Improve Surgical Planning

Conditions
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Colorectal Cancer, Colon Cancer Liver Metastasis, Malignant Neoplasm of Rectum Metastatic to Liver

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: DW-MRI


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria for Eligibility: Contrast-enhanced thorax, abdomen and pelvic CT scan (with at least portal venous phase for the liver) at diagnosis and right before surgery are available Multiparametric MRI at baseline and right before surgery are available (T1/T2, DW-MRI and contrast enhanced MRI). WHO performance status of 0 or 1 Previous treatments (chemotherapy, surgery) for primary, liver and extra-hepatic metastases are allowed. No other malignancies in the 3 years prior to study entry with the exception of surgically cured carcinoma in situ of the cervix, in situ breast cancer, incidental finding of stage T1a or T1b prostate cancer gleason score ≤ 6, and basal/squamous cell carcinoma of the skin Absence of any psychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; those conditions should be discussed with the patient before registration in the study Criteria for Enrollment Conversion therapy is either being given or completed Patient is suitable for hepatic resection based on the assessment of MDT composed of at least an expert liver/colorectal surgeon, Gastrointestinal (GI) radiologist and oncologist prior to any liver surgery Hepatic resection is scheduled to take place within 8 weeks of latest imaging Exclusion Criteria: Contraindications to any contrast agents for CT and MRI or MRI procedure Pregnancy Significant comorbidity that will preclude either conversion therapy or surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Procedure: DW-MRI|DW-MRI combined with Contrast Enhanced MRI will be used to confirm the status of disappearing liver metastasis prior to surgery and will be compared to findings from either histopathology of resected lesions (Rubbia-Brandt Classification of Tumor regression grading) or follow-up imaging of lesions left behind (either CT scan or MRI) after surgery. MRI will be used during the follow-up period to confirm recurrences from a previous site of DLM.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of the diagnostic imaging (DW-MRI) |  | 2 years after surgery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| NPV of diagnostic imaging among the group of resected confirmed DLMs |  | 2 years after the surgery | 
| NPV of diagnostic imaging in the group of confirmed DLMs that were left in place |  | 2 years after ther surgery | 
| NPV of DW-MRI in the group of cDLMs diagnosed by central imaging review |  | 2 years after the surgery | 
| Correlation between different types of morphologic and ADC changes and TRG to the type of conversion therapy |  | 2 years after the surgery | 
| Correlation between findings on DW-MRI to histopathology, recurrence rate, complication rates, PFS and OS |  | 2 years after initial surgery | 
| Long term outcomes of patients who underwent surgery in terms of: - recurrence rates for 2 years after surgery - progression free survival for 2 years after surgery - overall survival for 2 years after surgery |  | 2 years after initial surgery | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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unresectable colorectal liver metastasis, diffusion weighted MRI, disappearing liver metastasis