Preoperative Gastric Ultrasound in Paediatric

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The presence of gastric contents makes an aspiration event more likely , and as a result, preoperative fasting guidelines are designed to provide adequate time for gastric emptying in patients undergoing surgery. this study will be conducted to assess the gastric volume and content with the help of ultrasound in fasted pediatric patients scheduled for elective surgeries

Detailed Description
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it is unknown how many patients have gastric volumes that place them at increased risk of aspiration despite adequate fasting. There is a growing interest in the use of bedside ultrasonography to assess gastric content and volume. It has been suggested that the gastric antrum in particular can be assessed reliably by sonography. hence, this study will be conducted to assess the gastric volume and content with the help of ultrasound in fasted pediatric patients scheduled for elective surgeries which will help to detect accuracy of preoperative fasting hours.

Official Title
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Validation of Gastric Ultrasound for Assessment of Accuracy of Preoperative Fasting Hours in the Pediatric Patients: a Prospective Observational Study

Conditions
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Anesthesia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: gastric ultrasound


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: paediatric patients aged 6-12 years old ASA physical status I and II scheduled for elective surgeries the anticipated duration of 30-60 min Exclusion Criteria: parents' refusal overweight or obesity expected difficult airway management increased abdominal pressure diabetes mellitus congenital diseases GERD or esophageal disease uncooperative patients, mental retardation or neurological disease upper airway surgeries.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| gastric ultrasound<br>Patients will be asked to fast not less than 6 hours and preoperative bedside gastric ultrasound will be done | Diagnostic Test: gastric ultrasound<br>* preoperative gastric ultrasound will be done for all patients to estimate gastric volume by measuring the antral cross sectional area and also, know the type of gastric content<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| gastric volume | bedside ultrasound to estimate the gastric volume in milliliter | immediately preoperative | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| gastric content | bedside ultrasound to determine the nature of gastric content (solid or fluid) | immediately preoperative | 
| fasting hours | patients will not be allowed to fast less than 6 hours | fasting hours preoperative which should be more than 6 hours | 
| type of last meal | last meal (heavy solid,light solid,non clear fluid,or clear fluid) | last meal in the last 6 hours preoperative | 
| episodes of gastric regurgitation | whether gastric content regurgitation occured or not if regurgitation happened patients will be followed up postoperative clinically and radiologically | from time of emergence from anesthesia until discharge from PACU( at least 2 hours postoperative) |