Photobiomodulation for the Management of Temporomandibular Disorder Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Photobiomodulation (PBM), is FDA-approved for temporary relief of muscle and joint pain, but there is no indication for TMD. Our goal in this study is to conduct a clinical trial of multimodal PBM for TMD pain. Also, we propose to determine if PBM-induced changes in inflammation contribute to PBM's analgesic effects. This study will be a double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized trial testing the efficacy of PBM for pain related to TMD.

Official Title
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Photobiomodulation for the Management of Temporomandibular Disorder Pain

Conditions
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Pain Related to TMD

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: THOR® laser system
* Device: sham THOR® laser system


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Provides a signed and dated informed consent form Is at least 18 years of age (male or female and any race or ethnicity) Meets diagnostic criteria for TMD, ( Masticatory Muscle Disorders, 1A: Myalgia) Has experienced facial pain for at least 3 months At Screening and Baseline Visit (Visit 0), reports an average pain intensity rating over the past week of ≥ 30 on a numerical rating scale (0-100) Exclusion Criteria: Starting a new daily prescription medication for the management of pain within 30 days prior to treatment session; Use of any injection therapy (e.g., tender or trigger point injections, steroid injections) for the management of pain within 2 weeks prior to the CATI; Starting occlusal appliance therapy within 30 days prior to CATI; d) history of facial trauma or orofacial surgery within 6 weeks prior to CATI; Active orthodontic treatment; Psychiatric hospitalization within one year prior to screening. Has known hypersensitivity to laser therapy. Currently being treated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy Has been treated with another investigational drug or treatment within 30 days prior to the Screening and Baseline Visit Is pregnant or nursing Anything that, in the opinion of the investigator, would place the participant at increased risk or preclude the participant's full compliance with or completion of the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Active PBM<br>PBM has been used clinically in the treatment of musculoskeletal and other pain conditions for over 30 years. Despite the low quality of the existing evidence, PBM has been increasingly used in other countries for the treatment of TMD. However, in the US PBM is not widely used for the treatment of TMD pain. Due to the multifactorial nature of chronic TMD pain, we propose that a multimodal PBM protocol targeting multiple pathophysiological mechanisms will be the optimal approach for PBM implementation in patients with TMD. | Device: THOR® laser system<br>* We chose the THOR® laser system given because their active treatment arm uses both coherent laser and monochromatic LED light. Therefore, we will use three types of active probes in this investigation including, A) Single Laser 810 NM 200 mw; B) Laser Cluster of 810 NM equivalent to 1 WATT and; C) LED Cluster, 34 X 660nm at 10 mw and 35 850nm, 30mw 1390mw total. As detailed in Table 3. We propose to use these three PBM probes in concert for the treatment of TMD pain. Laser A (Single Diode Laser) is designed for isolated trigger points and superficial muscles. Laser B (Cluster Laser) is designed for a more diffuse treatment area,targeting analgesia, anti-inflammatory, and deep tissue repair. Laser C (LED Cluster) is purportedly designed for the presence of diffuse inflammation.<br>|
| Sham Comparator: Sham PBM<br>When applying PBM therapy, there are some heating elements in the treatment device, and most of the sham treatment devices available do not offer this feature, which increases the likelihood of unblinding both the patient and the interventionist. The THOR® LX2.3 PBM machine includes this new feature, such that the sham condition mimics the heating activity of the active treatment. | Device: sham THOR® laser system<br>* sham THOR® laser system<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain Level Change With PBM Treatment Using a Numerical Rating Scale 0=no Pain and 100=the Most Intense Pain Imaginable | Using a numerical rating scale (NRS) requires the patient to rate their pain on a defined scale 0=no pain and 100=the most intense pain imaginable to rate the average daily pain from Daily Pain & Symptom Dairy over one week prior to V1 will be compared to the average daily pain one week prior to V8. | Through study completion; an average of 10 weeks |