Focus Groups to Determine Surrogates Views Regarding Patient Preference Predictors

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Background: Some people cannot make medical treatment decisions on their own. The people who make decisions on their behalf are called medical surrogates. Sometimes surrogates cannot predict which treatment course the person or their loved ones would have chosen. The surrogates often become distressed because of making these decisions. Researchers think a tool called a Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) may be able to make the process easier. The PPP would predict what treatment the person would want. This is based on treatment preferences of similar people in a similar circumstance. Researchers want to interview surrogates to explore their views on the PPP. Objective: To explore surrogates views on incorporating a PPP into shared medical decision-making. Eligibility: People 18 years or older who: Have acted as a surrogate medical decision-maker within the past 3 years. This includes decisions about treatment, medication, hospice care, hospital admission, or discharge. Are not pregnant Design: Participants will be screened by meeting with clinicians in person or by phone to discuss the study. Participants will take part in a focus group. This is a small group of people discussing their thoughts and opinions. This will last for about 2 hours. Participants will be served a light meal. Participants will provide information about themselves and their views. They will talk about their past experiences making medical decisions for someone. They will discuss how they felt about these decisions. The PPP will be explained to participants. They will give their views on it. The research team will audio record the focus group and take notes. Participants will fill out questionnaires.

Detailed Description
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Current clinical practice relies on shared decision-making between clinicians and surrogates to make treatment decisions for patients who cannot decide on their own. This decision-making process is meant to promote medical care that accords with the patient s own preferences and values. However, empirical data suggest that this model faces two significant challenges. First, both surrogates and clinicians have trouble predicting which treatment course patients would have chosen. Second, given the nature of the decisions, surrogates often experience significant emotional distress as a result of making treatment decisions. To address these concerns it has been suggested that the shared decision-making process might be supplemented with a Patient Preference Predictor (PPP). A PPP would provide a prediction of which treatment a given patient would want based on the treatment preferences of similar patients in similar circumstances. The present study proposes to interview surrogates who have been involved in making decisions for an incapacitated patient to explore their perspectives on the PPP and how to incorporate it into medical decision-making for incapacitated patients..

Official Title
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Focus Groups to Determine Surrogates' Views Regarding Patient Preference Predictors

Conditions
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Normal Physiology

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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INCLUSION CRITERIA: 18 years or older Experience making at least one medical decision on behalf of an incompetent patient within the past 3 years. A medical decision for the purposes of this study is defined as making a decision in a context in which there was more than 1 feasible or reasonable option. Ability to provide informed consent EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Inability to speak, understand, or read English The patient on behalf of whom the individual acted as surrogate is deceased for less than two months. In the view of the referring clinician, participation in the study is deemed excessively burdensome. Candidate for study is pregnant Court appointed surrogate

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| 1/Patient Surrogates<br>Any eligible participant who have acted as a surrogate medical decision-maker. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Views of participants on PPP | Level of acceptance regarding Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) | Prior to, during, and immediately following the focus group session | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Views of Participants on PPP as patients | Level of acceptance regarding PPP | Prior to, during, and immediately following the focus group | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Surrogate Decision-making, Health Care, Medical Decisions, End of Life Care, Natural History