Origin and Function of Eosinophilic Polynuclear During DRESS Syndrome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome or DRESS for Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms is a serious drug allergy which can be life-threatening for patients with serious organ damage. The pathophysiology of DRESS is still not fully understood. In particular, no study has focused on the characterization of eosinophils, while paradoxically eosinophilia is one of the diagnostic criteria. Likewise, there is no data about the origin of eosinophils and few data are available concerning immune polarization of T-cells or the involvement of innate lymphoid cells type 2 in the recruitment of eosinophils. Our preliminary data on increase activation markers membrane expression of cutaneous eosinophils suggest that this approach could allow the identification of endotypes in which eosinophils are involved and contribute to organ damages. The correlation between tissue infiltration of eosinophils and their degree of activation would then justify the development of targeted therapeutic strategies in DRESS syndrome (anti-IL-5 therapy?). The aim of the project is: 1) Evaluate the activation status of circulating and cutaneous eosinophils in patients with DRESS compared with drug induced maculopapular exanthema without or with eosinophilia (but do not fulfill DRESS criteria) and healthy subjects; 2) Understand the pathophysiological mechanisms at the origin of this eosinophilia.

Official Title
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Origin and Function of Eosinophilic Polynuclear During Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome

Conditions
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Drug Hypersensitivity, DRESS Syndrome

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Group 1 (DRESS): adult with a diagnosis of DRESS based on the following four criteria: Cutaneous rash occurring at least 24 hours and at most 2 months after continuous medication use Fever over 38 degre celcius At least one organ dysfunction among: Lymphadenopathy hepatitis Pulmonary involvement Cardiac involvement: myocarditis, pericarditis Renal impairment At least one of the following hematological anomalies: Eosinophilia ≥ 500 / mm3 . RegiSCAR Score ≥ 4 Groups 2 and 3 (Drug induced maculopapular exanthema without or with eosinophilia). Adult with drug-induced rash Without clinical criteria of severity defined by Djien among : An evolution of more than 21 days with organ damage as defined in group 1 Group 2 (MPE without eosinophilia): blood eosinophils < 500 / mm3 Group 3 (MPE with eosinophilia): blood eosinophils ≥ 500 / mm3 Exclusion Criteria: Other cause of eosinophilia including cancer, blood disease before the introduction of suspected molecule(s). On going oral or local corticosteroid therapy, anti-leukotriene therapy (MONTELUKAST) by the month preceding the study; Anti-IgE therapy (OMALIZUMAB, LIGELIZUMAB), anti-IL-5 therapy (MEPOLIZUMAB, BENRALIZUMAB) or anti-IL4 and / or anti-IL13 therapy (DUPILUMAB, TRALOKINUMAB) in the 6 months preceding the study. Any pregnant or lactating woman. Contraindication related to the blood volume taken for the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| 20 patients with DRESS syndrome<br> | |
| 20 patients with drug induced MPE with eosinophilia<br>patients with drug induced maculopapular exanthema (MPE) with eosinophilia | |
| 20 patients with drug induced MPE without eosinophilia<br> | |
| 20 Healthy subjects<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Activation status of circulating eosinophils by flow cytometry |  | Baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mean fluorescence intensity of CCR3 and IL-5R markers |  | Baseline | 
| Percentage of Th2 polarized T cells |  | Baseline | 
| Percentage of ILC2 |  | Baseline | 
| Serum levels (ELISA) of inflammatory markers |  | Baseline | 
| Correlation between the number of activated circulating eosinophils, area degranulation and severity of DRESS |  | Baseline | 
| Density of extracellular granules (degranulation area and number / mm2) on skin biopsies |  | Baseline | 
| NGS analysis of rearrangements of TCR (T cell receptor) |  | Baseline and 3 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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DRESS syndrome, Drug hypersensitivity, eosinophils, allergy