Epidemiology of Post-influenza Bacterial Pneumonia Due to a Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Positive Staphylococcus Aureus

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Secondary bacterial influenza pneumonia caused by Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Positive Staphylococcus aureus is a rare complication but with poor prognosis. This pathology seems to affect young patients (20-40 years) without any medical history. Since the influenza pandemic of 2009, this complication is more and more mentioned, sought and diagnosed. However, the literature is poor, consisting of case reports, experimental studies on murine models, and low-power studies. The main objective is to evaluate the mortality in intensive care units of patients post-influenza bacterial pneumonia due to a Panton-Valentine Leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus

Official Title
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Epidemiology of Post-influenza Bacterial Pneumonia Due to a Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Positive Staphylococcus Aureus

Conditions
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Influenza, Staphylococcus Aureus Pneumonia, PV Leukocidin

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patient treated for post-influenza bacterial pneumonia due to a Panton-Valentine Leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus in intensive care unit Exclusion Criteria: Minor patient Patient under protective measurement Absence of bacteriological and / or virological documentation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of dead patients | All cause of mortality | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Demographic data relating to age | age | Baseline | 
| Demographic data relating to sex | sex | Baseline | 
| Respiratory failure | PaO2/iFO2 value | Baseline | 
| Demographic data relating to immunosuppression | Amount of polynuclear neutrophils (G/L) | Baseline | 
| risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | hospitalization | Baseline | 
| risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | dialysis | Baseline | 
| risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | surgery | Baseline | 
| risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | presence of percutaneous or long-term catheter | Baseline | 
| Clinical data relating to pre-admission antibiotics | type of antibiotic prescribed | Baseline | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to SAPS 2 score | Simplified acute Physiology score (SAPS2) score between 0 and 163 and a predicted mortality between 0% and 100% | Baseline | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to SOFA admission | Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) | Baseline | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to neutropenia | neutropenia | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to neutropenia | thrombocytopenia | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to metabolic acidosis | metabolic acidosis | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to oxygen dependence | oxygen dependence | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to hyperthermia | hyperthermia | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to chills | chills | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to headhache | headache | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to productive cough | productive cough | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to dyspnoea | dyspnoea | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to acute respiratory failure | acute respiratory failure | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to hemoptysis | hemoptysis | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to uni - or multi - lobar infiltration on chest X - ray or CT scan | uni - or multi - lobar infiltration on chest X - ray or CT scan | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to pleural effusion | pleural effusion | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase | necrotizing pneumonitis | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Clinical data in the initial phase relating to renal failure | renal failure according to KDIGO classification | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Prognostic factors for this pathology | Time to diagnosis of influenza infection and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Positive Staphylococcus aureus Haemoptysis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), PaO2 / Fi02, inotropic support | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Complications | Complications related to Septic shock ARDS: according to Berlin 2009 classification Extra corporeal vein-venous or veino-arterial oxygenation membrane (ECMO VV or ECMO VA) Ischemic limb Pneumothorax Acute renal failure according to Kdigo classification Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (2) Cardiogenic shock / cardiogenic pulmonary acute edema Multi visceral failure syndrome (3) Use of surgery: abscess drainage, lobectomy, amputation, laparotomy and colonic resection ... | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Collection of infectious samples | Bacteriological, Parasitological, Virological | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Probabilistic antibiotherapy | Collection of probabilistic antibiotherapy | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Probabilistic antibiotherapy | Duration of probabilistic antibiotherapy | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Prescribed antibiotic therapy | Collection of Prescribed antibiotic therapy | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Prescribed antibiotic therapy | Duration for the appropriate anti-toxin treatment | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Collection of the date of introduction of adapted antibiotic therapy | Collection of the date of introduction of adapted antibiotic therapy | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Number of patients with Influenza type A | Number of patients with Influenza type A | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Number of patients with Influenza type B | Number of patients with Influenza type B | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Date of initiation of anti-viral treatment in relation to the onset of symptoms and duration of anti-viral treatment | Date of initiation of anti-viral treatment in relation to the onset of symptoms and duration of anti-viral treatment | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Dosage of antiviral treatment | Dosage of antiviral treatment | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 
| Number of serious influenza infections per year and per center with early and late deaths | Mortality caused by serious inflenza infections | During Length of stay in intensive care unit (an average of 2 weeks) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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ICU, influenza, Staphylococcus Aureus, Pneumonia, PV leukocidin