Pharmacogenomics of Antiplatelet Response - II (PARes-II)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This clinical trial is examining the effect of 4-week aspirin therapy on platelet transcriptome in persons at high-risk for myocardial infarction or stroke due to family history of early-onset coronary artery disease.

Detailed Description
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Platelet aggregation can initiate thrombosis on ulcerated arterial plaques resulting in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). There is large variation in platelet aggregation between individuals. As the genetic message to the cell machinery is conveyed through its transcriptome, we hypothesize that much of the variability in platelet function can be explained by transcriptome changes including differences in gene or isoform expression, altered splicing events, or allele-specific expression. Moreover, aspirin modifies gene expression in several cells, but whether it also affects platelet transcriptome has not yet been studied. Our goal is to characterize the platelet transcriptome and identify genes that are up- or down-regulated after 4-week aspirin therapy. A major strength of our study is that it enrolls individuals from European Americans and African Americans and thus will have the ability to study similarities and differences between the two. The study will produce innovative comparative genomic/platelet phenotype data and will provide a potential pharmacogenomic and diagnostic template for the future discovery of novel antiplatelet regimens to prevent thrombosis-related cardiovascular disease events.

Official Title
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Pharmacogenomics of Antiplatelet Response - II

Conditions
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Atherothrombosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Aspirin


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participants from the GeneSTAR cohort Unaffected with no overt coronary artery disease or serious vascular event (stroke or peripheral vascular disease diagnosis Women who are postmenopausal. Women who use a reliable contraceptive method; a reliable contraceptive method will be defined as personal history of tubal ligation, ongoing use of intra-uterine device, or ongoing use of oral contraceptive pills. Exclusion Criteria: Presence of any CAD or stroke, transient ischemic attacks, peripheral arterial disease Persons taking aspirin, NSAIDS, or any anti-coagulants who are medically unable to stop them for a two week pre-trial A history of allergy to aspirin or clopidogrel Weight < 60kg Age < 45 and > 75 years of age A history of recent or any active bleeding Serious or current co-morbidity (AIDS, cancer) Pregnant women as determined by urine dipstick pregnancy test Any aneurysms on cranial magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (obtained recently in the GeneSTAR participants) Blood pressure above >=159/95mmHg History of a gastric or duodenal ulcer, or significant gastrointestinal disease, like regional enteritis Mental incompetence to make a decision to participate (developmentally disabled, and persons with diagnosed psychiatric disorders-documented in primary care records).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 45 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Aspirin<br>Participants treated with aspirin - there is no control group. Participant's baseline will act as their control. | Drug: Aspirin<br>* 81 mg daily for 4 weeks<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in Platelet Transcriptome | Comparison of platelet transcriptome before aspirin therapy with platelet transcriptome after aspirin therapy. The expression levels of genes before aspirin therapy was compared with the expression level of the genes after aspirin therapy. The expression levels were measured using the FPKM unit (Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads). The gene with the highest difference (pre vs. post) in FPKM is being reported with name in the units area and the actual difference in the number area | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Aspirin, Platelet Transcriptome, Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Disease, Heart Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Arteriosclerosis, Arterial Occlusive Diseases, Vascular Diseases