Health Related Quality of Life of Patients With Abdominal Wall Defects

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Examination of the health-related quality of life of patients operated on due to congenital defects of the abdominal wall after birth with the questionnaires KINDL, SDQ and SF-36.

Detailed Description
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Data of all patients with a congenital abdominal wall defect (CAWD) undergoing surgical repair between 1996 and 2011 in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery of the Saarland University Medical Center in Homburg were retrieved from surgical health records. Up to 2001 these records were paper based and later on electronically available (SAP enhancement package 7 for SAP ERP 6.0: 2013, Walldorf, Germany). Except epidemiological data the type of disease, data concerning birth details, pre- and postnatal course, treatment, weight and growth development have been collected electronically. Gastroschisis or omphalocele can be simple or complex. The investigators defined complex as involvement of stenosis, atresia, ischemia, volvulus or perforation, closed or vanishing gastroschisis, and chromosomal anomalies. Giant omphalocele was considered as complex as well. The type of the primary operative procedure, primary closure of the defect or other (patch plastic etc.), was also noted. The implementation of silo technique with delayed primary closure was regarded as primary closure. A prospective analysis was conducted by a survey with age-related questionnaires to investigate the patient´s HrQoL. The study protocol was approved by the ethical board of Aerztekammer of Saarland (Nr. 206/2013). Informed consent was given by all participating patients or their guardians. The data collection was carried out by telephone interview, personal interview or by regular mail. The interview was always conducted by the same person, a medical student (KK). The data was collected using age related questionnaires. Together with the collection of clinical data the investigators used the validated questionnaires KINDL, SDQ and SF-36. The KINDL questionnaire (www.KINDL.org) is a specifically developed questionnaire for children, which was developed to assess the HrQoL of life of children and adolescents. The reference values were published as part of the study The Children and Youth Health Survey (KIGGS) by the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany and covers the health data of 17.641 children and adolescents in Germany aged 0-17 years. The SDQ (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) is the second questionnaire that was used. The investigators used the Woerner adjustment of the SDQ as it was transferred to a German cohort. Since there are also some adult patients in the patient collective, the investigators have also integrated the SF-36, which was developed for adolescents and adult patients. The SF-36 is an internationally recognized and widely used questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life. It records eight different dimensions (= subscales) of quality of life: physical functioning, physical role function, pain, general health perception, vitality, social functioning, emotional role function and psychological well-being. Additionally, the overall physical sum score and overall psychological sum score are listed. German reference values are available as a reference for the SF-36. In addition, disease specific questions were asked. These included somatic and clinical data about gastrointestinal function, cosmetic aspects and scars, problems during pregnancy of the child, actual clinical health status and psycho-social development. Answers were given as precise numbers or rated according to the following LIKERT-scale with these possibilities never-seldom-sometimes-often-always. All data were collected and processed in an Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft® Excel®, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, USA). The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS (IBM® SPSS® Statistics, Version 25, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), Armonk, New York, USA) and Excel as well.

Official Title
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Health Related Quality of Life of Patients With Abdominal Wall Defects

Conditions
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Quality of Life, Abdominal Wall Defect, Gastroschisis, Omphalocele

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: questionnaire


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Congenital abdominal wall defect Surgically corrected in our department Survivor Exclusion Criteria: Not surgically corrected in our department Non-Survivor

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 1 Day
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: questionnaire|questionnaire to assess the quality of life of children using KINDL, SDQ and SF-36|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Differences of Kindl test results of participants with congenital wall defects compared to a norm sample of German healthy children | Kindl test for measuring the quality of life of participants with congenital wall defects compared to a norm sample of German healthy children | Day 1. For one participant all of the questionnaires were administered in one day and for that participant the study lasted one day. | 
| Differences of SDQ test results of participants with congenital wall defects compared to a norm sample of German healthy children | SDQ test for measuring the quality of life of participants with congenital wall defects compared to a norm sample of German healthy children | Day 1. For one participant all of the questionnaires were administered in one day and for that participant the study lasted one day. | 
| Differences of SF-36 results of participants with congenital wall defects compared to a norm sample of German healthy adults | SF-36 test for measuring the quality of life of participants with congenital wall defects compared to a norm sample of German healthy adults | Day 1. For one participant all of the questionnaires were administered in one day and for that participant the study lasted one day. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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KINDL, SDQ, SF-36