Music Therapy for Women, Delivered Via Cesarean Section

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Musical therapy is a type of therapy which is performed under a regular method by adjusting the physiological and psychological effects of musical tones and melodies in accordance with various situations. Therefore, the study was carried out as a randomized controlled trial in order to evaluate the effect of music therapy on the level of pain and anxiety in the postpartum period in women who delivered via cesarean section.

Detailed Description
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Objectives: The study was carried out in order to determine the effect of music therapy on the level of postpartum pain and anxiety in women who delivered via cesarean section. Design, setting and subjects: The randomized controlled trial was conducted on 126 women who delivered via cesarean section in a tertiary hospital. The subjects were allocated to three groups (n=42 each) Interventions: In the experimental group 1 (once a day) and group 2 (twice a day) were made to listen to music for 30 minutes for two consecutive days. The control group routine care of 30 min a day in bed rest. The Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to participants. In the analysis of the data, one-way ANOVA, paired t-test, Kruskal Wallis-H and Wilcoxon tests were used. Main outcome measures: State anxiety level and pain level.

Official Title
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The Effect of Turkish Classical Music on Postpartum Pain and Anxiety in Women Who Delivered Via Cesarean Section

Conditions
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Cesarean Section, Postpartum Period

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Music Therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: being at the age of 18 and above, being healthy, having given a live birth, having no hearing impairment, complication not having developed either in the mother or the baby Exclusion Criteria: being at the age of 17 and below, being unhealthy, having given a stillbirth, having hearing impairment, complication having developed either in the mother or the baby

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 49 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Design, setting and subjects: The randomized controlled trial was conducted on 126 women who delivered via cesarean section in a tertiary hospital. The subjects were allocated to three groups (n=42 each) Interventions: In the experimental group 1 (once a day) and group 2 (twice a day) were made to listen to music for 30 minutes for two consecutive days. The control group routine care of 30 min a day in bed rest. The Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to participants.
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: music therapy group 1<br>The mothers in the experimental group 1 received music therapy for 30 minutes a day.They listened music for two consecutive days, considering the first day after the C-section as the beginning day. | Behavioral: Music Therapy<br>* Music Therapy<br>* Other names: musicotherapy;|
| Experimental: music therapy group 2<br>The mothers in the experimental group 1 received music therapy for 30 minutes twice a day. They listened music for two consecutive days, considering the first day after the C-section as the beginning day. | Behavioral: Music Therapy<br>* Music Therapy<br>* Other names: musicotherapy;|
| No Intervention: control group<br>the control group were made to rest in bed for 30 minutes a day for two consecutive days, considering the first day after the C-section as the beginning day. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | Anxiety level by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | On the first and second days after C-section, change from first anxiety level at 30 minutes.The inventory has a Likert type scale of 20 items which aim to measure the state anxiety level.Higher scores indicate greater anxiety | 
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | Pain Level by Visual Analog Scale | On the first and second days after C-section, change from first pain level at 30 minute.The patient marks the pain he/she feels on a scale of 10 cm (100 mm), pain point 1 means no pain, pain point 10 means worst pain possible. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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cesarean section, Music therapy, Anxiety, Pain