Effects of a Whole Grain Cereal Product on Blood Glucose Response After 3 Consecutive Meals

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this pilot study it will be investigated if a whole grain product will improve the glucose response not only when it is eaten at breakfast, but also at the two following meals; lunch and dinner (2nd and 3rd meal effect) in a healthy population.

Official Title
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Effects of a Whole Grain Cereal Product on Blood Glucose Response After 3 Consecutive Meals

Conditions
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Blood Glucose

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Breakfast product: Whole grain
* Other: Breakfast product: Reference


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male or Female, 35 to 65 years of age BMI 22-29 (±0.5) kg/m2 Agree to maintain consistent dietary habits and physical activity levels for the duration of the study. Healthy as determined by medical history and information provided by the volunteer. Willingness to complete questionnaires and follow instructions associated with the study and to complete all visits. Has given voluntary, written, informed consent to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Elevated fasting blood glucose (above 6.1 mmol/L at fasting on visit 1 or 2) Women who are pregnant or breast feeding Any medical condition(s) or medication(s) known to significantly affect glucose metabolism. Significance to be assessed by the QI Use of medication, over-the-counter medication, natural health products or dietary supplements/probiotics that may affect glucose metabolism is prohibited during this study. Significance to be assessed by the QI. Participants who are taking allowed prescribed medications must agree to maintain their current method and dosing regimen during the course of the study unless other is recommended by their physician. Known Type I or Type II diabetes, including women who previously have had gestational diabetes. Use of antibiotics within 2 weeks of enrollment Metabolic diseases and/or chronic gastrointestinal diseases (IBS, Crohns etc.) Allergy to ingredients included in investigational product, placebo, or standardized meal Participants restricted to a vegetarian or vegan diet Intolerance to gluten Individuals who are averse to capillary blood sampling Currently active smokers (or using other tobacco products, and e-cigarettes) Unstable medical conditions as determined by QI Participation in other clinical research trials Individuals who are cognitively impaired and/or who are unable to give informed consent Acute infection Any other condition which in the QI's opinion may adversely affect the individual's ability to complete the study or its measures or which may pose significant risk to the individual

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 35 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Whole grain breakfast product<br> | Other: Breakfast product: Whole grain<br>* This intervention is a whole grain-based breakfast product containing oats and barley.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Reference<br> | Other: Breakfast product: Reference<br>* This intervention is a rice-based breakfast product.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The difference in capillary blood glucose between whole grain product and reference in the total incremental area under the curve iAUC(0-120 min) for all three meals (Breakfast iAUC0-120 min + Lunch iAUC0-120 min.+ Dinner iAUC0-120 min). |  | Outcome measures will be assessed just before and immediately after the intervention (glucose measurements at 0-180 min after breakfast (intervention products), 0-180 min after lunch (standardized meal) and 0-120 min after dinner (standardized meal)) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The difference in capillary blood glucose between whole grain product and reference in the 1, 2 and 3-hour incremental area under the curve (iAUC0-60 min, iAUC0-120 min and iAUC0-180 min) after the breakfast meal. |  | Outcome measures will be assessed just before and immediately after the intervention (glucose measurements at 0-180 min after breakfast (intervention products) | 
| The difference in capillary blood glucose between whole grain product and reference in the 1, 2 and 3-hour incremental area under the curve (iAUC0-60 min, iAUC0-120 min and iAUC0-180 min) after the lunch meal. |  | Outcome measures will be assessed just before and immediately after the intervention (glucose measurements at 0-180 min after breakfast (intervention products) and 0-180 min after lunch (standardized meal)) | 
| The difference in capillary blood glucose between whole grain product and reference in the 1 and 2-hour incremental area under the curve (iAUC0-60 min and iAUC0-120 min) after the dinner meal. |  | Outcome measures will be assessed just before and immediately after the intervention (glucose measurements at 0-180 min after breakfast (intervention products), 0-180 min after lunch (standardized meal) and 0-120 min after dinner (standardized meal)) | 
| The difference in capillary blood glucose between whole grain product and reference in 2-hour Cmax(0-120 min) (maximum concentration) after the breakfast, lunch and dinner meals respectively. |  | Outcome measures will be assessed just before and immediately after the intervention (glucose measurements at 0-180 min after breakfast (intervention products), 0-180 min after lunch (standardized meal) and 0-120 min after dinner (standardized meal)) | 
| The difference in capillary blood glucose between whole grain product and reference in 2-hour Tmax(0-120 min) (the time to maximum concentration) after the breakfast, lunch and dinner meals respectively. |  | Outcome measures will be assessed just before and immediately after the intervention (glucose measurements at 0-180 min after breakfast (intervention products), 0-180 min after lunch (standardized meal) and 0-120 min after dinner (standardized meal)) |