Ghrelin in Patients With a Rare Disease Associated With Intellectual Disability, and Hyperphagia, and/or Overweight, and/or Obesity

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A significantly higher proportion of patients with rare diseases (RD) with intellectual disability (ID), present hyperphagia, overweight or obesity, compared to the general population. Prader-Willi syndrome is the only genetic obesity identified to date associated with hyperghrelinemia, while ghrelin levels are lower than in controls in other situations of obesity. The aim of the study is to find out whether the levels of ghrelin, which are abnormally high in PWS throughout life, are also high in these RD when people have hyperphagia and/or overweight.

Detailed Description
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A significantly higher proportion of patients with rare diseases (RD) with intellectual disability (ID), present hyperphagia, overweight or obesity, compared to the general population. Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) and related syndromes (PWS-like) represent the most well-known causes of eating disorders with early and severe obesity. Other known RD with ID have been described as being associated with eating disorders with overweight or obesity, which appear later in adolescence : Angelman's syndrome (approximately 40% of patients are overweight or obese, and 32% of children have hyperphagia), Fragile X syndrome (over 30% are obese), Smith-Magenis syndrome (50 to 60% are obese). Prader-Willi syndrome is the only genetic obesity identified to date associated with hyperghrelinemia, while ghrelin levels are lower than in controls in other situations of obesity. The aim of the study is to find out whether the levels of ghrelin, which are abnormally high in PWS throughout life, are also high in these pathologies when people have hyperphagia and/or overweight. The study involves a single visit carried out during a routine follow-up in the CRMR, in which the blood sample will allow the dosage of the ghrelin hormon. The visit will also involves a data collection and some questionnaires.

Official Title
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Circulating Levels of Ghrelin in Patients With a Rare Disease Associated With Intellectual Disability, and Hyperphagia, and / or Overweight, and / or Obesity

Conditions
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Angelman Syndrome, Smith-Magenis Syndrome, X Fragile Syndrome, Epilepsy, Prader-Willi Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Biological: acylated and unacylated ghrelin dosages


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with one of the following rare diseases associated with : Angelman syndrome, Smith-Magenis syndrome, X Fragile syndrome, rare diseases of the cerebellum, rare epilepsies, PW-like syndromes or other rare diseases with eating disorders Patients aged minimum 3 years and maximum 50 years. Patients with overweight (or obesity) and/or hyperphagic behavior. Exclusion Criteria: Administrative problems: impossibility of giving parents or legal guardians informed information ; no coverage by a Social Security scheme.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Biological: acylated and unacylated ghrelin dosages|realization of plasma samples to evaluate of levels of ghrelin and collection of plasma and cells|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Levels of ghrelin in blood sample | dosage of ghrelin (pmol /l) | Day 1 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Overeating | Dykens overeating questionnaire | Day 1 | 
| Overeating | eating behavior assessment scale | Day 1 | 
| Behavioral disorder description | CBCL questionnaire for patients under 18 years old | Day 1 | 
| Behavioral disorder description | Developmental Behavior Checklist-Adult questionnaire for patients over 18 years old | Day 1 | 
| Social vulnerability of parents and / or legal guardians | EPICES questionnaire (Assessment of Precariousness and Health Inequalities for the Health Examination Centers). | Day 1 | 
| Family quality of life (for patients under 18) | Parental-Developmental Disabilities Quality of Life questionnaire | Day1 | 
| Burden of parents and / or legal guardians | ZBI questionnaire (Zarit Burden Interview). | Day 1 |