Exogenous Ketone Supplementation and Cognitive Function During Exercise

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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15 healthy trained males will volunteer to participate in this study. there will be 2 treatments: Ketone esters supplementation and iso-caloric carbohydrate. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of ketone esters on cognitive function during exercise after induced mental fatigue

Detailed Description
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mental fatigue is often seen in sports of moderate to long duration. its onset is associated with detriments in cognitive function which leads to poor decision making and detriments in specific sport skills. Ketones can serve as a powerful brain fuel source so they may have the potential to delay/ revert the onset of mental fatigue. in this experiment, we will induce mental fatigue in individuals who will be performing 45 minutes of intermittent exercise right after. During exercise cognitive function will be measured under 2 condition, Ketone supplementation and placebo. The purpose of this study is to see if ketones can play a role in reverting that initial mental fatigue during exercise, compared to placebo.

Official Title
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Effect of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation on Cognitive Function During Exercise After Induced Mental Fatigue

Conditions
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Ketonemia, Mental Fatigue, Ketosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: mental fatiguing task
* Behavioral: 45 - minute simulated soccer game
* Behavioral: cognitive function


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: In order to be eligible to participate in this study you must be a healthy male or female recreationally active individual, 18-35 year old. Exclusion Criteria: You will be excluded from this study if you: Are not involved in regular exercise (at least 2x week) Have symptoms or take medication for respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, neuromuscular disease Use any medications with side effects of dizziness, lack of motor control, or slowed reaction time Are taking part in another research study For women, if you are pregnant or become pregnant during the study. Have a history of concussion/head injuries. Have an excessive alcohol intake (>2 drinks/day) Are consuming a ketogenic diet (for at least 2 weeks) Are a smoker ** Cannabis use is not a exclusion criteria; however, it must be avoided on experimental days.**

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This will be a double blind repeated measures cross over study. There will be two treatments involved: Ketone esters supplements and iso-caloric carbohydrates (placebo). Participants will complete the protocol twice and the treatment order will be systematically rotated to avoid any order effect. Design of the study is composed of a mental fatiguing task, followed by a 45 minute simulated soccer game (second half). Cognitive function will be assessed during the 45 minutes of exercise. All participants will perform the protocol in a fed state (4 h after consumption of their last meal)
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Ketone esters<br>Ketone esters will be given to mentally fatigued individuals, prior to a 45 minute simulated soccer game in which cognitive function will be assessed. | Behavioral: mental fatiguing task<br>* a 30-minute computerized Stroop test will be used to induce mental fatigue before exercise intervention<br>Behavioral: 45 - minute simulated soccer game<br>* an intermittent running protocol using intensities and speeds seen in soccer will be used to simulate the physiological demands of the sport<br>Behavioral: cognitive function<br>* The Stroop test and a complex reaction time test will be used to assess cognitive function during exercise.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Placebo<br>Iso-caloric carbohydrate drink will be given to mentally fatigued individuals, prior to a 45 minute simulated soccer game in which cognitive function will be assessed. | Behavioral: mental fatiguing task<br>* a 30-minute computerized Stroop test will be used to induce mental fatigue before exercise intervention<br>Behavioral: 45 - minute simulated soccer game<br>* an intermittent running protocol using intensities and speeds seen in soccer will be used to simulate the physiological demands of the sport<br>Behavioral: cognitive function<br>* The Stroop test and a complex reaction time test will be used to assess cognitive function during exercise.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cognitive function | participants will be doing the Stroop test and a complex reaction test during exercise. | 30 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood Ketones | Ketones in blood will be measured using a ketone meter | 45 minutes | 
| Blood Glucose | blood glucose will be measured using a glucometer | 45 minutes | 
| Blood Lactate | blood lactate will be measured using a lactate meter | 45 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Ketone supplements, Cognitive function, Exercise