Intra-oral Camera in Gingival Health

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Evaluate the effects of using an intra-oral camera (IOC) during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), on the psychological, behavioral and clinical parameters of patients with gingivitis, outlined by evidence and a theory-based framework.

Detailed Description
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A group of 78 adult patients with gingivitis receiving an SPT was randomized into two groups: IOC and control. Bleeding on Marginal Probing (BOMP), self-reported dental hygiene behaviors, and psychological determinants of behavior change (outcome expectancies, self-efficacy and planning) and IOC opinion were evaluated one week before or during the consultation and four months later.

Official Title
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Psychological, Behavioral and Clinical Effects of Intra Oral Camera: a Randomized Control Trial on Adults With Gingivitis

Conditions
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Gingival Hemorrhage, Gingivitis, Health Behavior, Communication

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: SPT consultation
* Device: SOPROCARE®


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: >18 years old. + 20 teeth (minimum 5 per quadrant) BOMP > 0.5 Exclusion Criteria: periodontitis (pockets >4), smoking patients orthodontic patients pregnant 1 removable partial denture

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intra Oral Camera<br>Dental appointment, one hour and included activities that are normally part of a SPT consultation (Bardet et al. 1999), as well as specific behavior change techniques, such as the use of reinforcement, goal-setting and feedback as described by Newton and Asimakopoulou (2015). Special attention was given to patient communication and words such as 'cleaning' and 'hygiene' were replaced by therapeutic synonyms (e.g. inflamed areas and controlling the inflammation). In this group, the device SOPROCARE® by Acteon was used in the examination and diagnosis and also for the establishment of therapeutic goals, strategies and skills. | Behavioral: SPT consultation<br> <br> Device: SOPROCARE®<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: No Intra Oral camera<br>Dental appointment, one hour and included activities that are normally part of a SPT consultation (Bardet et al. 1999), as well as specific behavior change techniques, such as the use of reinforcement, goal-setting and feedback as described by Newton and Asimakopoulou (2015) and considered crucial to the accomplishment of long term behavior change. Moreover, special attention was given to patient communication and words such as 'cleaning' and 'hygiene' were replaced by therapeutic synonyms (e.g. inflamed areas and controlling the inflammation) in order to focus patients´ attention on the varied facets of oral health care and increase their perception of the treatment needs. In this group, the device SOPROCARE® by Acteon was not used. | Behavioral: SPT consultation<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The gingival condition was assessed using the BOMP (Bleeding on Marginal Probing) index , as described by Van der Weijden et al. (1994). | In this index, bleeding is scored during 30 seconds of probing using a 3 point scale from 0 to 2 (0 - no bleeding, 1 - point bleeding, 2 - excess bleeding). | Baseline to 4 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dental Hygiene (Flossing and tooth-brushing habits) | In order to assess dental hygiene, two questions were asked on brushing and flossing habits. Individual scores for brushing and flossing were calculated and a composite score was also computed for both (referred to as Dental Hygiene). A 5 point Likert-scale was used. Item example: In the last two weeks/four months how often have you flossed your teeth? | Baseline to 4 months | 
| Measuring Health Behavior Change: Health Action Process Approach Model (HAPA, Schwarzer, 2008) | Measures adapted to oral health from previous studies with the HAPA model (Godinho et al. 2015) were used. All the psychological variables were evaluated using a 7 point Likert-type scale, ranging from totally disagree (1) to totally agree (7). | Baseline to 4 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Gingivitis, Oral Hygiene, Intra oral camera, Self regulation, bleeding