Promoting an incLUsive Society Towards Older Adults With Physical Disabilities

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To improve secondary school students' positive attitudes towards older adults with physical disabilities via a Promoting an incLUsive Society towards older adults with physical disabilities through disability simulation education (PLUS) project.

Detailed Description
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A pretest-posttest and qualitative study design will be adopted. 1,000 junior secondary students will be recruited from six secondary schools in Hong Kong by convenience sampling to participate in a 3-day PLUS Convention. Changes in students' attitudes towards older adults with physical disabilities and satisfaction with life, and their satisfaction with the disability simulation experience will be assessed. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with students, facilitators, teachers, and older adults with physical disabilities to gain further feedback.

Official Title
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Promoting an incLUsive Society Towards Older Adults With Physical Disabilities Through Disability Simulation Education (PLUS)

Conditions
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Disability Physical, Social Acceptance, Respect

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: 3-day PLUS Convention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: currently a secondary 1 to secondary 3 student studying in a secondary school in Hong Kong communicable in Cantonese willing to attend all of the activities of the 3-day PLUS Convention Exclusion Criteria: have a physical or learning disability diagnosed with a severe psychiatric illness

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 12 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: All recruited participants will receive the intervention.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 3-day PLUS Convention<br>Participants will participate in a 3-day PLUS Convention, comprising an inclusivity education workshop, service-learning seminar, disability simulation workshop, and two community contact sessions. | Behavioral: 3-day PLUS Convention<br>* Participants will participate in a 3-day PLUS Convention, comprising an inclusivity education workshop, a service-learning seminar, a disability simulation workshop, and two community contact sessions which will consist of a 60-minute interview with an older adult with a physical disability and an outdoor experience. Discussion sessions will be facilitated throughout to consolidate learning.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in the participants' attitudes towards older adults with physical disabilities | The 47-item Students' Attitudes toward People with a Disability Scale will be used. It was developed locally in the Baseline Survey of Students' Attitudes towards People with a Disability, a study conducted by the Equal Opportunities Commission in Hong Kong. It encompasses four attitude sub-scales, namely social acceptance, behavioural misconceptions, pessimism-hopelessness, and optimism-human rights. Participants will rate their agreement with each item on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly agree - 4 = Strongly disagree). The four attitude sub-scale scores will then be converted along a scale between 1-100. A higher score will indicate a more positive attitude towards people with a disability. All sub-scales had Cronbach's Alpha scores ranging from 0.69 to 0.85, which support their respectable reliability. | Change from baseline to immediately after completion of the intervention (2 months) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in the participants' level of life satisfaction | The 5-item Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) will be adopted. Participants will rate their overall judgement of their life on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly disagree - 7 = Strongly agree). The total score ranges from 5 to 35 points, with a higher score indicating a higher satisfaction with life. The SWLS has a Cronbach's Alpha score of 0.87, supporting its internal consistency and reliability. | Change from baseline to immediately after completion of the intervention (2 months) | 
| The participants' level of satisfaction with the disability simulation workshop | The 18-item Satisfaction with Disability Simulation Experience Scale (SDSES) will be used. Participants will rate their extent of agreement with the simulations using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly disagree - 5 = Strongly agree) to indicate their satisfaction with them. A higher score will indicate higher satisfaction with the simulation experience. The survey will have one open-ended question asking students to provide additional comments about their simulation experience. The scale's internal consistency reliability is supported as its whole Cronbach's coefficient values ranged from 0.70 to 0.88. | Immediately after completion of the disability simulation workshop (within 1 day) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Physical disability, Social inclusion, Disability simulation, Education