Time-Restricted Feeding Plus Resistance Training in Active Females

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The objective of this study is to examine the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF; consuming all calories within an 8-hour period of time each day) and resistance training, with or without the addition of the dietary supplement HMB, on body composition, muscular performance and physiological outcomes in active females.

Official Title
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Time-Restricted Feeding Plus Resistance Training in Active Females: Effects on Body Composition, Muscular Performance and Physiological Variables

Conditions
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Healthy Active Females

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate
* Other: Resistance Training
* Dietary Supplement: Protein Supplementation
* Behavioral: Time-Restricted Feeding


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Female between 18 and 30 years of age Current university affiliation Weighing at least 110 pounds Generally healthy Resistance-trained Schedule availability to complete supervised resistance training Body fat percentage between 15 and 29% Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or trying to become pregnant Currently breastfeeding Any disease, condition or orthopedic limitation that would prevent safe participation in resistance training or time-restricted feeding Current smoker Presence of pacemaker or other electrical implant Allergic to dairy proteins

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Normal Diet<br>Participants in the normal diet (ND) group will follow a traditional dietary pattern, consisting of eating breakfast and continuing to eat throughout the day until the evening. Participants in this group will receive placebo capsules. Participants in all groups will follow an identical resistance training program and be provided with whey protein supplements. | Other: Resistance Training<br>* Performing supervised resistance training three times per week.<br>Dietary Supplement: Protein Supplementation<br>* Consuming a protein supplement daily.<br>|
| Experimental: Time-Restricted Feeding<br>Participants in the time-restricted feeding (TRF) group will consume all calories within an 8-hour period of time each day. Participants in this group will receive placebo capsules. Participants in all groups will follow an identical resistance training program and be provided with whey protein supplements. | Other: Resistance Training<br>* Performing supervised resistance training three times per week.<br>Dietary Supplement: Protein Supplementation<br>* Consuming a protein supplement daily.<br>Behavioral: Time-Restricted Feeding<br>* Consuming all calories within a specified 8-hour period of time each day.<br>* Other names: Intermittent Fasting;|
| Experimental: Time-Restricted Feeding plus HMB<br>Participants in the time-restricted feeding plus HMB (TRF+HMB) group will consume all calories within an 8-hour period of time each day. Participants in this group will receive HMB capsules. Participants in all groups will follow an identical resistance training program and be provided with whey protein supplements. | Dietary Supplement: Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate<br>* 3 grams per day of the calcium salt form of beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB).<br>* Other names: HMB;Other: Resistance Training<br>* Performing supervised resistance training three times per week.<br>Dietary Supplement: Protein Supplementation<br>* Consuming a protein supplement daily.<br>Behavioral: Time-Restricted Feeding<br>* Consuming all calories within a specified 8-hour period of time each day.<br>* Other names: Intermittent Fasting;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fat mass | Assessed using multi-compartment model | 8 weeks | 
| Fat-free mass | Assessed using multi-compartment model | 8 weeks | 
| Body fat percentage | Assessed using multi-compartment model | 8 weeks | 
| Upper body muscle hypertrophy | Muscle thickness of elbow flexor muscles | 8 weeks | 
| Lower body muscle hypertrophy | Muscle thickness of knee extensor muscles | 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lower body muscular strength | Assessed by 1RM on leg press | 8 weeks | 
| Lower body muscular power characteristics | Assessed during vertical jump and isometric squats | 8 weeks | 
| Lower body muscular endurance | Assessed by repetitions to failure on leg press | 8 weeks | 
| Upper body muscular strength | Assessed by 1RM on bench press | 8 weeks | 
| Upper body muscular endurance | Assessed by repetitions to failure on bench press | 8 weeks | 
| Cortisol awakening response | Assessed via analysis of saliva samples | 8 weeks | 
| Lipid panel | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks | 
| Blood glucose | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks | 
| Blood insulin | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks | 
| Blood C-reactive protein | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks | 
| Blood pressure | Measured using automated device | 8 weeks | 
| Arterial compliance | Assessed by applanation tonometry | 8 weeks | 
| Resting metabolic rate | Assessed by indirect calorimetry | 8 weeks | 
| Respiratory quotient | Assessed by indirect calorimetry | 8 weeks | 
| Mood | Assessed by questionnaire | 8 weeks | 
| Eating behavior | Assessed by three-factor eating questionnaire R18 | 8 weeks | 
| Sleep quality | Assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index | 8 weeks | 
| Physical activity level | Assessed by accelerometry. | 8 weeks |