Resistance Exercise, Metabolism and Time of Day

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the current study is to determine the effect of time of day on the muscle and metabolic responses to resistance exercises in obese or overweight adults. To achieve this aim we have the following objectives: Compare the effects of resistance exercise training performed in the morning vs the evening on insulin sensitivity Compare the effects of resistance exercise training performed in the morning vs the evening on gains in muscle mass and strength Compare the acute glucose responses to resistance exercise performed in the morning vs the evening

Official Title
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The Impact of the Time of Day on Metabolic Responses to Resistance Exercise in Adults Who Are Obese or Overweight: a Randomised Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Metabolic Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Exercise training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: pass the physical activity readiness questionnaire body mass index (BMI) >27kg/m² and limited to 40 kg/m². Exclusion Criteria: Prior surgery for weight loss Prior history of heart, lung, cancer, endocrine or liver disease Participating in more than 1 hour structured exercise training per week

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 45 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control<br>Habitual physical activity | |
| Experimental: Morning exercise<br>Exercise training in the morning (6:00-10:00am) | Behavioral: Exercise training<br>* Exercise will consist of 1 set x 9 exercises x 3 sessions per week x 6 weeks. The load to be used during training will be calculated as 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) with each set performed to failure. 1RM will be re-tested on week 3, and the load adjusted accordingly, and upon completion of the study. During the training period, all sessions of training will be supervised by the researcher. The following exercises will be performed: Bench press, biceps curl, lat pull down, overhead press, lateral raise, leg extension, leg curl and calf raise.<br>|
| Experimental: Evening exercise<br>Exercise training in the evening (4:00-8:00pm) | Behavioral: Exercise training<br>* Exercise will consist of 1 set x 9 exercises x 3 sessions per week x 6 weeks. The load to be used during training will be calculated as 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) with each set performed to failure. 1RM will be re-tested on week 3, and the load adjusted accordingly, and upon completion of the study. During the training period, all sessions of training will be supervised by the researcher. The following exercises will be performed: Bench press, biceps curl, lat pull down, overhead press, lateral raise, leg extension, leg curl and calf raise.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in insulin sensitivity | Insulin sensitivity calculated via the Matsuda Index during an oral glucose tolerance test | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in vastus lateralis muscle thickness | Muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis muscle measured via ultrasound | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in whole body lean mass | whole body lean mass measured via bio-electrical impedance | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in whole body fat mass | whole body fat mass measured via bio-electrical impedance | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in one-repetition maximum muscle strength | Sum of one-repetition maximum of Bench press, biceps curl, lat pull down, overhead press, lateral raise, leg extension, leg curl and calf raise exercise | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in knee extensor maximal isometric torque | Knee extensor maximal isometric torque measured during a maximal voluntary contraction | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in grip strength | Grip strength measured with a hand held dynamometer | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in mean glucose levels | Mean glucose levels measured via continuous glucose monitors | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 
| Change in glucose variability | Glucose variability measured via continuous glucose monitors | Change from baseline to 6 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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exercise, muscle, metabolism, circadian