Effectiveness of a Home Based Exercise Program on Temporomandibular Dysfunction Syndrome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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patients with chronic refractory temporomandibular dysfunction were prescribed home exercise and were followed for 6 months. Pain , mouth opening and Fonseca's were done at day 1 and after 6 months of the study.

Detailed Description
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Each patient was seen by the rheumatologist who did the following; Full history taking including special habits like chewing gums or biting nails, Pain level measured by visual analogue scale 100 (both at rest and during temporomandibular joint movement) Clinical Examination of the temporomandibular joint including localized tenderness and amount of mouth opening After that the patients were prescribed the rehabilitation program in the form of heat modalities and Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on the on the temporomandibular joint, given an individual demonstration of the home based exercises and were given a reminding handout. The rehabilitation program consisted of the following exercises: lateral deviation, protrusion/retraction and mandibular opening. Isometric cervical muscle strengthening exercises were also prescribed for the patients. Assessment of the severity of temporomandibular joint affection using the Fonseca's questionnaire were done twice; the first at the entry point to the study and once again after 6 months.

Official Title
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Effectiveness of a Home Based Exercise Program on Temporomandibular Dysfunction Syndrome: A Pilot Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Conditions
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Temporomandibular Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: exercises


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients suffering painful temporomandibular joint Exclusion Criteria: Patients with history of face trauma Patients with surgery at the temporomandibular joint Dental procedure in the last 6 months period Patients with rheumatic diseases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 16 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: exercises|stretching exercises - physiotherapy modalities - self care instructions|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| visual analogue scale for pain during rest and on moving the jaw | visual analogue scale 0-100 with higher score indicating more pain. | 6 months | 
| mouth opening | Distance between the edges of central incisors was measured. Measures are compared pre and post exercises. | 6 months | 
| Fonseca's scale. | It is composed of 10 questions, which include checking for the presence of pain in temporomandibular joint, head, back, and while chewing, parafunctional habits, movement limitations, joint clicking, perception of malocclusion, and sensation of emotional stress. The volunteers were informed that the 10 questions should be answered with yes, no and sometimes and that only one answer should be marked for each question. Scoring ranges between 0-50 with higher score indicating worse results. | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Temporomandibular dysfunction, Exercise, treatment, pain