Promoting Color Brave Conversations in Families

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The objective of this research is to evaluate a multi-module color brave app-based intervention for parents of children in K-2nd grade, that guides them in how to initiate and proactively engage their children in productive, critical discussions around race/racism and anti-racism. This study will recruit a national sample of parents and their K-2nd grade children. The impact of the intervention will be tested using a rigorous randomized wait-list controlled trial design. The design of the intervention is based on research indicating that among children, positive intergroup contact with outgroup members, including vicarious engagement, can prevent or reduce anti-outgroup bias, in particular, when contact is based on common goals, cooperation rather than competition, and supported by external authorities. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, a mixed-methods design will be utilized involving collection of a broad range of outcome measures through online questionnaire surveys, one-on-one interviews with parents and children, and parent-child dyadic interviews.

Official Title
-----------------
Promoting Color Brave Conversations in Families: A Public Health Strategy to Advance Racial Equity

Conditions
-----------------
Parents, Racism, Child Development

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Color Brave Program


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Residence in the US US born Parent aged 22 years old or older AND child aged 5-8 years old Ability to read and understand English Exclusion Criteria: Residence outside the US Non-US born Eligible parents or children without eligible and consenting counterpart Inability to read and understand English

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 5 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Color Brave Program<br>The experimental group will be asked to download and complete a 6-week multi-module mobile app program designed to enhance and encourage critical conversations about race and racism among parents and their young children. | Behavioral: Color Brave Program<br>* The intervention will consist of a 6-week multi-module program that will be delivered via a mobile application. This program is designed for parents of children in K-2nd grade. Each module in the program will take approximately 30 minutes to complete, with lessons facilitated through interactive storytelling, videos, and games.<br>|
| Other: Wait-list Control<br>The wait-list control group will be placed on the wait-list for the first 6-weeks, the period in which the experimental group will complete the intervention program. Following the 6-week wait-list period they will receive the color brave program. | Behavioral: Color Brave Program<br>* The intervention will consist of a 6-week multi-module program that will be delivered via a mobile application. This program is designed for parents of children in K-2nd grade. Each module in the program will take approximately 30 minutes to complete, with lessons facilitated through interactive storytelling, videos, and games.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Racial Socialization Frequency Scale | Parents will report the frequency with which they engage in racial socialization practices with their K-2nd grade child. | 0-12 months | 
| Racial Socialization Competency Scale | Parents will report the degree of comfort, skills, and stress in engaging in different processes related to racial socialization with their K-2nd grade child. | 0-12 months | 
| Cross-race Friendships | Parents will report the race of their K-2nd grade child's 5 closest friends - the number of cross-race friendships will consist of the number of friends that are race discordant to their child. | 0-12 months | 
| Colorblind Racial Attitudes (CoBRAS) Scale | Color-blind racial attitudes among parents will be assessed using the COBRAS Scale. | 0-12 months | 
| Child Prosocial Behavior Questionnaire (CPBQ) | Parents will report on the degree to which their K-2nd grade child engages in various prosocial behaviors, including those surrounding helping, sharing, and comforting. | 0-12 months | 
| Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Parent Proxy - Peer Relationships - 7a | Parents will report on the degree to which their K-2nd grade child engages in positive relationships with their peers. | 0-12 months | 
| Anti-racism in Children Measure | Children (ages 5-8 years old) will be introduced to a child and told scenarios in which that child must choose other children to engage in various activities with, among a group of diverse children. Children will be asked (1) whether they liked or disliked how that child chose the children to participate in the activity with and (2) if there is anything they would like to say to that child about their choice in children. | 0-12 months | 
| Child Bystander Response Questionnaire | Children will report the frequency with which they engage in different bystander behaviors when they see someone being treated poorly or unfairly due to their race, ethnicity, or cultural background. | 0-12 months |