The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on High-sugar Meal Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to determine if postprandial (after a meal) endothelial (inner lining of blood vessels) dysfunction induced by a high sugar meal improves with a bout of exercise

Detailed Description
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Endothelial dysfunction is due to an imbalance between vasodilating and vasoconstricting substances produced by the endothelium. An imbalance in these substances limits the ability of the blood vessel to relax in response to a shear stress stimulus. Endothelial dysfunction is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. High-sugar intakes result in postprandial hyperglycemia and endothelial dysfunction. Exercise may attenuate the endothelial dysfunction induced by a high-sugar meal. There are only two studies that have examined the effect of exercise on endothelial dysfunction induced by high-sugar intake. Both studies found that a bout of aerobic exercise attenuated the impaired flow mediated dilation induced by high-sugar ingestion. Neither study measured important markers of endothelial dysfunction such as blood nitric oxide, endothelin I, and angiotensin II concentrations, however. In addition, whether the same results apply to older post-menopausal women is unknown. Understanding how acute exercise affects meal-induced endothelial dysfunction in older women is important given that age is related to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.

Official Title
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The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on High-sugar Meal Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

Conditions
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Endothelial Dysfunction

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Exercise Condition
* Other: Control Condition


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Post-menopausal women Must be 45-70 years Exclusion Criteria: Use of medications or supplements to lose weight Following a weight loss diet Smoking Heavy alcohol consumption Diabetes Heart disease Stroke Liver disease Kidney disease Untreated thyroid disease Anemia Uncontrolled hypertension Pulmonary disease that prevents exercise Orthopedic problems that prevents exercise Arthritis problems that prevent exercise Musculoskeletal problems that prevent exercise.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 45 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Exercise Condition<br> | Other: Exercise Condition<br>* A bout of exercise in the evening followed by high-sugar meal consumption the following morning<br>|
| Active Comparator: Control Condition<br> | Other: Control Condition<br>* Rest in the evening followed by high-sugar meal consumption the following morning<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in brachial artery flow mediated dilation |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in blood nitric oxide concentration |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 
| Change in blood endothelin-1concentration |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 
| Change in blood angiotensin II concentration |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 
| Change in blood glucose concentration |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 
| Change in blood insulin concentration |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 
| Change in blood lipoprotein particle numbers |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes | 
| Change in blood lipid concentration |  | 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes |