Self-Acupressure on Pain, Fatigue and Sleep Quality in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Self-acupressure application on pain, fatigue and sleep quality in sle patients.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Acupressure is a therapy method performed with an instrument or hand, fingertip, palm, elbow, knee, thumb relaxation and wrist bands on various points representing the waist organs in our body in order to ensure the continuation and balance of the energy in our body.

Official Title
-----------------
The Effect of Self-Acupressure on Pain, Fatigue and Sleep Quality in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Randomized Controlled Study

Conditions
-----------------
Sleep Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Self-Acupressure


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Being over the age of 18, Not using acupressure and similar integrative treatment methods, Not having a verbal communication disability (hearing and speaking), Not having a diagnosed psychiatric disorder, Not having a cognitive problem, Getting a score between 1-10 on the Piper Fatigue Scale, Getting a score between 1-10 on the VAS pain scale Agree to participate in the research. Not being in the active period of SLE (exacerbation in the last 3 months or not using steroids for 3 months) Not using other complementary and integrated health practices in the treatment process Exclusion Criteria: -

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This study is an experimental study with pre-test and post-test control groups
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Self-Acupressure<br>Each application to the acupressure points (H17, L14, ST36, SP6) will be done in 2 minutes and right and left) | Other: Self-Acupressure<br>* Acupressure is a therapy method performed with an instrument or hand, fingertip, palm, elbow, knee, thumb relaxation and wrist bands on various points representing the waist organs in order to ensure the continuation and balance of the energy in our body.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Routine maintenance will be applied. | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analog Scale | The patients were asked to mark their level of pain during relaxation or activities on a 10 cm vertical or horizontal line. In addition, there were forms which were numbered from 1-10 or from 1-100. The number 0 is found at the beginning of the line, and the number 10 is located at the end of the line. A value of 0 shows that there is no pain, and the value 10 expresses unendurable pain. GAS is a common scale in the assessment of pain level. A patient is asked to mark the perceived pain on this line, and the marked point is measured in cm. | At the end of Sessions 1 (each Session 2 days a week). | 
| Visual Analog Scale | The patients were asked to mark their level of pain during relaxation or activities on a 10 cm vertical or horizontal line. In addition, there were forms which were numbered from 1-10 or from 1-100. The number 0 is found at the beginning of the line, and the number 10 is located at the end of the line. A value of 0 shows that there is no pain, and the value 10 expresses unendurable pain. GAS is a common scale in the assessment of pain level. A patient is asked to mark the perceived pain on this line, and the marked point is measured in cm. | At the end of Sessions 16 (each Session 2 days a week). | 
| The Piper Fatigue Scale | The Piper Fatigue Scale is a 22-item, self-reported scale. A total score of fatigue was recorded. | At the end of Sessions 1 (each Session 2 days a week). | 
| The Piper Fatigue Scale | The Piper Fatigue Scale is a 22-item, self-reported scale. A total score of fatigue was recorded. | At the end of Sessions 16 (each Session 2 days a week). | 
| The Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire | This brief five-item questionnaire was used to evaluate perceived sleep depth, sleep latency (time to fall asleep), number of awakenings, efficiency (percentage of time awake), and sleep quality. It also includes a sixth item evaluating perceived night-time noise. Each item is evaluated on a scale of 0-100 with a visual analogue scale technique. A score of 0-25 indicates very poor quality sleep, whereas a score of 76-100 indicates very good sleep quality. | At the end of Sessions 1 (each Session 2 days a week). | 
| The Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire | This brief five-item questionnaire was used to evaluate perceived sleep depth, sleep latency (time to fall asleep), number of awakenings, efficiency (percentage of time awake), and sleep quality. It also includes a sixth item evaluating perceived night-time noise. Each item is evaluated on a scale of 0-100 with a visual analogue scale technique. A score of 0-25 indicates very poor quality sleep, whereas a score of 76-100 indicates very good sleep quality. | At the end of Sessions 16 (each Session 2 days a week). | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Fatigue, Pain, Sleep quality, Systematic lupus erythemasus