Effect of Thermomechanical Stimulation Device and Virtual Reality Glasses During Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of Thermomechanical Stimulation Device (Buzzy®) and Virtual Reality Goggles (VRG) applied during peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIC) on pain and patient satisfaction in adult patients.

Detailed Description
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The research was carried out at the Emergency Department of the Etimesgut Şehit Sait Ertürk State Hospital in Ankara from April 2021 to February 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 126 adult patients. The patients were divided into three groups by randomization method. VRG was applied to the first group, Buzzy to the second group and the control group which was the third group using the standard procedure. Before the procedure of PIC, Introductory Characteristics Form for Patients was prepared by the researcher containing the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants (gender, marital status, age, educational status, etc. as such). This form was filled out by asking the patient by face-to-face interview method. After catheterization, the Visual Comparison Scale for Pain was used by the nurse practitioner to determine the pain of the patients and the Visual Comparison Scale for Satisfaction was used to determine the satisfaction status of the patients regarding the application to be performed. It is expected that pain and patient satisfaction scores in groups where a VRG and Buzzy® were used during PIC in adult patients will result more positively than in the control group. It is thought that the results obtained from the research will contribute to the literature.

Official Title
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The Effect of Using a Thermomechanical Stimulation Device and Virtual Reality Glasses During Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Administration on Pain and Patient Satisfaction in Adult Patients

Conditions
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Catheterization

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Virtual Reality Glasses
* Other: Thermomechanical Stimulation Device


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Shold be a volunteer to participate in the research Should be in the age of between 18-65 years old Should not use drugs that will have an analgesic effect in the last 24 hours before admission Should have successful of the first intravenous catheterization attempt Absence of any psychiatric illness Absence of any oncology and hematology disease Should have the ability to read and write in Turkish, Absence of vision, hearing and perception problems Should not have a febrile illness at the time of applications Should not have thin and damaged vascular structure Absence of a history of fainting during blood removal Should be conscious, fully oriented and cooperative, and open to communication Exclusion Criteria: Failure of the first attempt to administer intravenous catheterization The unwillingness of the patient to continue the research Removing the virtual reality glasses before and during the procedure Discontinuing of Buzzy ® before and during the procedure Deterioration of the patient's health status during the procedure

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Virtual Reality Glasses (VRG) Group<br>The participants in this group were started to watch videos by wearing virtual reality glasses about 2 minutes before the catheterization process was started and the process was continued until the end. Then, catheterization was performed by detecting the tourniquet by the emergency department nurse. Upon completion of the catheterization procedure, VRG was removed from the procedure area by the researcher. This process took an average of 5 minutes. After the procedure was completed, the pain and satisfaction status of the patients were scored on the VAS by the same nurse. | Other: Virtual Reality Glasses<br>* Group 1<br>* Other names: VRG;|
| Experimental: Thermomechanical Stimulation Device (Buzzy ®) Group<br>1 minute before starting the catheterization procedure in this group, a cold and vibration application was placed in the operation area by the researcher using the apparatus of the Buzzy ® device and started. The procedure was performed after evaluating the vein and determining the appropriate right or left arm. At the end of this time, the Buzzy ® has been shifted approximately 5 cm above the processing zone. Then, catheterization was performed. Upon completion of the catheterization procedure, Buzzy ® was removed from the procedure area by the researcher. This process took an average of 4 minutes. After the procedure was completed, the pain and satisfaction status of the patients were scored on the VAS by the same nurse. | Other: Thermomechanical Stimulation Device<br>* Group 2<br>* Other names: Buzzy;|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Peripheral intravenous catheterization was performed by the same emergency department nurse in accordance with the procedure. The process took an average of 3 minutes. There was no application to the patients in the control group except for the standard procedure. After the procedure was completed, the pain and satisfaction status of the patients were scored on the VAS by the same nurse. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain of the patient during the peripheral intravenous catheterization | In the study, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain of the patients. There is a 10 cm ruler on this scale. Patients were asked to rate the pain felt during the procedure on a 10 cm ruler. This scoring was done with a number between 1 and 10. The patient gave a score of 0 if he does not feel pain and 10 if he feels unbearable pain. After the completion of the procedure, the patients were asked to rate the pain they felt during catheterization on a visual comparison scale. At the end of the research, the scale results will be compared and evaluated for all three groups. | 6 month | 
| Satisfaction of the patients about intervention during the peripheral intravenous catheterization | In the study, another visual comparison scale was used to determine the satisfaction levels of the patients regarding the application to be made. After the completion of the procedure, the patients were asked to rate their satisfaction with the procedure on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The scale was scored between 1 and 10, 0 was evaluated as ''I am not satisfied at all'', 10 was evaluated as ''I am very satisfied''. At the end of the research, the scale results will be compared and evaluated in three groups. | 6 month | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Nursing, pain, patient satisfaction, peripheral intravenous catheterization, thermomechanical stimulation, virtual reality