Visual Function Abnormalities in Strabismus and Amblyopia and Response to Therapy

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Amblyopia and strabismus are characterized by a reduction in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, grating acuity, vernier acuity, reading difficulties and binocular visual function deficits. Treated patients have residual visual function deficits. The purpose of the current study is to quantify various visual functions in amblyopic and strabismic participants at baseline, during and at the completion of treatment.

Detailed Description
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To examine the response of therapy on visual functions in amblyopic and strabismic participants. The following visual functions will be measured prior to treatment. Eye movements, contrast sensitivity, grating acuity, visual acuity, vernier acuity, binocular visual functions, reading and visual scanning will be measured. The testing will comprise of one or more of the above paradigms depending on participant's cooperation and understanding as majority of the study participants will be children. The above measurements will be repeated during amblyopia therapy ( which comprises of glasses, patching and/or atropine eye drops) and at the completion of treatment. For participants with strabismus requiring strabismus surgery the measurements will be repeated after strabismus surgery.

Official Title
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Oculomotor Disorders: Experimental and Clinical Study

Conditions
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Amblyopia, Strabismus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Patching therapy, Glasses


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: History of amblyopia or presence of amblyogenic risk factors. Exclusion Criteria: History of neurologic disorders

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Months
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Control subjects<br>Subjects who state they have no eye or neurologic problems or disease other than perhaps wearing glasses or contact lenses and upon review of medical history. | |
| Amblyopia<br>Clinical diagnosis of amblyopia | Behavioral: Patching therapy, Glasses<br>* Patching, glasses and strabismus surgery are commonly employed measures in treatment of amblyopia and strabismus.<br>* Other names: Strabismus surgery;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Functions | contrast sensitivity | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment | 
| Visual Functions | visual acuity | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment | 
| Visual functions | vernier acuity | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment | 
| Visual functions | grating acuity | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment | 
| Visual functions | binocular functions- stereopsis, inter-ocular functions | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment | 
| Visual functions | eye movement measurements | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment | 
| Visual functions | reading- reading speeds, eye movement measurements | 0-3 years depending on duration of treatment |