Echocardiography, Adherence to Mediterranean Diet (AMDS) and Physical Exercise in Fatty Liver

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
NAFLD is associated with unhealthy lifestyle and obesity, without alcohol habits. An association of NAFLD with coronary artery disease and with impaired heart function was reported, but without considering severity of NAFLD and with the bias of including diabetes. Aim: to challenge if severity of liver steatosis assessed by UltraSound Bright Liver Score (BLS) can predict the impairment of systolic heart function, assessed by echocardiography (Ejection Fraction, EF), diastolic function (assessed by E/A ratio), Left Ventricular Mass, Left atrial diameter.

Detailed Description
-----------------
METHOD and measures: Age, obesity (BMI) , dietary profile (assessed as Adherence to Mediterranean Diet Score, AMDS), physical activity profile, assessed by the Baecke's physical exercise questionnaire, Insulin resistance (assessed by HOMA) were all taken into account for their confounding and synergic effect. Multiple regression analysis and Odds ratio will be the statistical tools that will be used.Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis will be applied in order to find the cut-off, if any, of the considered measures vs. NAFLD and significant abnormalities of echocardiography measures.

Official Title
-----------------
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Physical Exercise Profile in NAFLD: Relationship With Echocardiography Measures in Non-diabetic Subjects.

Conditions
-----------------
Fatty Liver

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Clinical diagnosis on fatty liver Exclusion Criteria: Diabetes Cancer virus hepatitis alcohol habits above 20 g/day (140 g/week) and any binge drinking myocardial infarction, valvular or congenital heart disease heart failure respiratory or renal insufficiency rheumatic or autoimmune disease.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------
What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Left Ventricular Myocardial mass: the measurement described below is echo-cardiographic, taken according to the joint guidelines of the American and European Societies of Echocardiography with appropriate equipments. | left ventricular mass indexed by body surface area g/m2. | through study completion, an average of 4 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| assessment of diastolic function: the measurement described below is echo-cardiographic, taken according to the joint guidelines of the American and European Societies of Echocardiography with appropriate equipments. | Doppler transmitral E/A ratio | through study completion, an average of 4 years | 
| assessment of systolic function: the measurement described below is echo-cardiographic, taken according to the joint guidelines of the American and European Societies of Echocardiography with appropriate equipments. | ejection fraction (%) | through study completion, an average of 4 years | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
diet