Sarcopenia, Obesity, and Resistance Training

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of resistance training on sarcopenic obesity in older women.

Detailed Description
-----------------
To examine the effects of resistance training on sarcopenic obesity in older women, a representative sample of older women from Brasília, Brazil (n>244 subjects), will be recruited and invited to undergo body composition measurement using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Moreover, the Sarcopenic Obesity index and isokinetic strength evaluations will be performed. It will be a single-blind randomized, controlled 24-week clinical trial, in which experimental group will receive a progressive resistance training program, meanwhile control group will receive instructions to maintain their lifestyle habits. Randomization will be conducted by computer-generated list in blocks of 10. Additionally, body composition, strength assessment, and sarcopenic index will collected and compared after the intervention period.

Official Title
-----------------
Effects of Resistance Training on Sarcopenic Obesity Index in Older Women: a RCT.

Conditions
-----------------
Sarcopenia, Aging, Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Resistance Training


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Community older women (aged between 60 and 80 years). Exclusion Criteria: individuals with any metallic implant or artificial pacemaker, who had undergone hip surgery, who were unable to walk without assistance and those affected by metabolic or endocrine disorders that affect the muscular system.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 60 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Control Group<br>These participants will be instructed to maintain their habits during 24 weeks. Before and after the aforementioned period, they will be asked to perform body composition and strength assessments, using DXA and isokinetic dynamometer, respectively. | |
| Experimental: Experimental group<br>Participants from the experimental group will assign to the resistance training program undergo physician screening at rest and under cardiopulmonary exercise test conditions before starting the program. Following a three-week familiarization process, participants undergo one repetition maximum (1-RM) testing for each of the exercises of the training program. This procedure intended to determine exercise load and will be systematically repeated in four-week intervals. Volunteers will train thrice per week during 24 weeks. The training program will involve the following exercises: chest press, lat pulldown, knee extension, hamstrings curl, leg press, hip abduction. | Behavioral: Resistance Training<br>* 24-weeks of progressive strength training<br>* Other names: Strength Training;|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Laboratorial Body Composition assessment (DXA) | DXA-derived body fat and DXA-derived fat free mass | 30 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Isokinetic peak torque of leg extension (dynamometer isokinetic) | Dominant leg extension peak torque will be recorded in three sets of maximal effort | 20 minutes |