Improving Effectiveness: Treatment Outcome Research

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This proposal seeks to increase the effectiveness of an existing treatment strategy, cognitive processing therapy (CPT), for the remediation of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among crime victims by varying the duration and content of the intervention in accordance with participants' needs. A secondary goal is to identify predictors of duration of treatment necessary to achieve good end state functioning, including individual and trauma variables, cognitive and emotional variables, and Axis II pathology. Finally, by including a sample of male participants, the generalizability of CPT will be tested. It is anticipated that these modifications will speed the dissemination of CPT to community practice thus benefiting more trauma victims. Fifty subjects will be randomly assigned to either the modified CPT condition or to a symptom-monitoring, minimal attention condition designed to control for the effects of the daily monitoring and the passage of time. Utilizing a semicrossover design, the control condition will be crossed over to the active treatment, allowing for a replication within the study. The entire treated sample (N = 50) will be compared to a sample (N = 50) receiving strict 12-session protocol-driven CPT through the course of a recent study conducted at the same site using the same primary outcome measures. Conducting the proposed study will have important implications on advancing the ecological validity and effectiveness of applied research on PTSD.

Official Title
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Improving Effectiveness: Treatment Outcome Research

Conditions
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Cognitive Processing Therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participants will be survivors of interpersonal assault, who are at least three months post-crime at the time of their participation and who meet criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD. There is no upper time limit on time since crime for participation. Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria for participants include psychosis, mental retardation, active suicidality, parasuicidality, or current addiction to drugs or alcohol. In the case of apparent illiteracy, we will try to accommodate the individual as much as possible to maximize success in the program. In addition, participants cannot be in a currently abusive relationship or being stalked. For marital rape or domestic violence, the participant must have been out of the relationship for at least three months. Participants may continue the use of any medications throughout the study. However, participants must be willing to keep the medication usage stable for the duration of the study and must be stabilized on any new medication for one month prior to initial assessment. Participants will sign a contract to this effect. All medication use will be tracked throughout the course of the study on the daily symptom monitoring diaries, including over the counter medications. Finally, participants can have received any therapy in the past with the exception of CPT. They may be receiving concurrent therapy as long as it is not trauma-focused. Allowing subjects to continue with concurrent therapy offers them the option to continue with established supports and more closely mimics clinical practice and the generalizability of the results.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: 1<br>Cognitive Processing Therapy | Behavioral: Cognitive Processing Therapy<br>* Clients will receive between 4 and 20 sessions of Cognitive Processing Therapy.<br>|
| No Intervention: 2<br>Arm 2 participants will monitor their symptoms for a period of 10 weeks, prior to being crossed over into active treatment. This will allow investigators to account for the passage of time without intervention when tracking symptoms. | Behavioral: Cognitive Processing Therapy<br>* Clients will receive between 4 and 20 sessions of Cognitive Processing Therapy.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Good end-state functioning: Beck Depression Inventory-II and Posttraumatic Distress Scale Scores |  | 2 weeks post-treatment | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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PTSD, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Physical Assault, Physical Abuse, Sexual Assault, Sexual Abuse, Interpersonal Assault, Cognitive Processing Therapy