The Role of TLR-4 Polymorphisms in Children With Urinary Track Infections

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Purpose So far anatomical abnormalities (mostly congenital) were, in the majority of the patients, associated with urinary track infections. In this study the researchers will try to investigate the role of TLRs as molecular interactions between bacterial virulence and host response. TLRs are important mediators in the development of the natural immunity against bacteria. They recognize microbial pathogen associated molecular patterns and alert the host's immune system to the presence of invading microbes

Detailed Description
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The aim of his observational case-control study is to : investigate if the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mediate in the development of the natural immunity of the uroepithileal cells against bacteria. evaluate the effect of the TLR-gene Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms on the development and clinical severity of urinary tract infections (UTI) in children. determine the association of the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 and TLR-4 polymorphisms with the formation of renal scar in children. investigate the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 and TLR-4 polymorphisms in healthy children and elaborate the results to the possible carriers of these polymorphisms.

Official Title
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The Role of TLR-4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile Polymorphisms in Children With Urinary Tack Infections

Conditions
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Urinary Tract Infection

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: For the patients 6months -14 years of age unrelated male and female children with one episode of acute urinary track infection (positive urine culture and clinical symptoms ) with/without anatomic genitourinary anomalies . children with upper UTI or children with lower UTI Sign written informed consent Inclusion Criteria: For the controls 6 months-14 years of age age and gender matched with the patients unrelated male and female children with no recorded history of urinary track infection and negative urine cultures . Sign written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: For the patients Subjects who do not meet the criteria above Severe or chronic illness Symptoms of acute infection Immune deficiency or immune suppressor therapy Medication Exclusion Criteria: For the controls Subjects who do not meet the criteria above Severe or chronic illness Symptoms of acute infection Immune deficiency or immune suppressor therapy Medication

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Months
Maximum Age: 14 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients<br>60 children with a recorded episode of acute Urinary Track infection who attended 4th Department of Pediatrics of Medical School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. | |
| Controls<br>100 children with no history of Urinary Track Infection who attended 4th Department of Pediatrics of Medical School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| frequency of TLR-4 299, 399 polymorphism and expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 by monocytes in children with urinary track infection and healthy controls. |  | 4 years | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Toll like Receptors, TLR 4, Urinary track infections in children, TLR 4 polymorphisms, Innate immunity, Defence mechanisms, Immune responses