Adequate Sock to Avoid Hiking Injuries

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Foot lesions can be developed during hiking because of external factors. This makes it important to study the effect of hiking equipment on lesion development. This study analyzes the extrinsic factors involved in the appearance of injuries at the feet during the realization of a route of low difficulty and short travel. 33 participants wore cotton not technicians socks in his two feet, were used like control socks and 76 participants wore technical socks Tierra and Set one on each foot.

Detailed Description
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Socks it used as an indispensable element to protect the foot of injuries during sports practice. The different compositions of socks can influence the appearance of injuries. The technical socks are designed for high-performance sports use (Lurbel brand, models Tierra and Set), and non-technical socks (cotton) for everyday use. The socks had different composition: Tierra (50% regenerative, 25% cool-teak, 17% polyamide ions, 8% lycra); Set (75% cotton, 17% polyamide, 8% lycra) and cotton (98% cotton, 2% elastane). The technical socks had reinforced weave in the toe, metatarsal and heel areas.

Official Title
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Importance of Sock Type in the Development of Foot Lesions on Low-difficulty, Short Hikes

Conditions
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Skin Lesion

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Technical sock


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: The admission criteria were: be of legal age, have no current health problems that would hinder or prevent participation in the hike, and carry a backpack weighing less than 3 kg. Participants were asked to use specific hiking footwear (light, flexible, soft-soled, with good grip and breathable material) (low top hiking shoes), based on earlier studies 38-40. They were also asked to do the entire hike following the instructions of an experienced guide and to not remove their footwear or socks before examination by a podiatrist. Exclusion Criteria: Not meet any inclusion criteria.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Thermometer FTN Medisana, precision 0.18º C),<br>Temperatures were taken with an infrared thermometer FTN Medisana, precision 0.18º C. The temperature will be taken into account to see if it will vary according to the socket used as the temperature is a favoring element of dermic injuries on the feet. | |
| No Intervention: Non-elastic tape measure<br>Perimeter was measured with a flexible, non-elastic tape measure Lawton 18-0160, precision 1 mm. The measurement of the feet perimeters will be taken into account to see if it will vary according to the socket used and related to injuries in the feet. | |
| No Intervention: Bascule<br>Weight was measured using scales (Tanita UM-076, precision 0.1kg). The scale is used to control the weight of the participants in order to find out their body mass index since the weight can influence the appearance of lesions on the feet. | |
| No Intervention: Altimeter<br>Height was measured using the weight rod of different scales SECA 704, precision 1 mm) The altimeter is used to measure the participants in order to find out their body mass index. | |
| Experimental: Socks<br>Socks were of two types: technical socks, designed for high performance sports use Lurbel brand, models Tierra and Set, and non-technical socks for everyday use. The socks had different composition: Tierra:50% regeneractiv, 25% cool-teak, 17% polyamide ions, 8% lycra; Set:75% cotton, 17% polyamide, 8% lycra and cotton: 98% cotton, 2% elastane. Different socks were given to the participants to see if the different compositions influenced the appearance of injuries in a short route route and little difficulty | Device: Technical sock<br>* Socks were of two types: technical socks, designed for high performance sports use (Lurbel brand, models Tierra and Set), and non-technical socks for everyday use. The socks had different composition: Tierra (50% regeneractiv, 25% cool-teak, 17% polyamide ions, 8% lycra); Set (75% cotton, 17% polyamide, 8% lycra) and cotton (98% cotton, 2% elastane).<br>|
| No Intervention: Geographical Position System Garmin ETREX 20<br>The height range and the pace hikers were controlled with a Garmin ETREX 20X Geographical Position System | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| lesions in foot developed during the hike | All dermal lesions that developed during the walk (both keratopathies with keratinization disorder and dermatopathies without keratinization disorder) Blister, Injury, (Erosion & chafing), Reddened skin, Urticaria, Crevice, Heloma, all the muscle injuries that developed during the walk (Pain, Inflammation, Muscle discomfort or Sprain) and all the lesions in the skin were analyzed. the nails that developed during the walk, both traumatic and non-traumatic (onycopathies) Onychocryptosis, Subungual hematoma. | The development of the injuries in a single day of sport activity was observed: kilometer 0 of the route, kilometer 14.5 of the route and kilometer 29.6 of the route. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Temperature | Were mearusedTemperatures in different parts of foot with an infrared thermometer (FTN Medisana, precision 0.18º C). Three measurements were done and their media was calculated. | The temperature was measured in three occasions in a single day: kilometer 0 of the route, kilometer 14.5 of the route and kilometer 29.6 of the route | 
| Perimeter | Perimeter in different parts of foot with a flexible, non-elastic tape measure (Lawton 18-0160, precision 1 mm).Three measurements were done and their media was calculated. Three measurements were done and their media was calculated. | The perimeter was measured in three occasions in a single day: kilometer 0 of the route, kilometer 14.5 of the route and kilometer 29.6 of the route | 
| Weight | Weight was measured using scales (Tanita UM-076, precision 0.1kg).Three measurements were done and their media was calculated. | The weight was measured in three occasions in a single day: kilometer 0 of the route, kilometer 14.5 of the route and kilometer 29.6 of the route | 
| Height at the start of the route for calculate BMI | Height was measured using the weight rod of differents scales (SECA 704, precision 1 mm). Three measurements were done and their media was calculated. | The height onli was measured at the start of the walk in a single day: kilometer 0 of the route | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Sport Injury; Technical socks; Temperature; Hiking