5 Year Follow-up of Adolescents With Knee Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The prevalence of adolescent knee pain is 33%, and patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the most common diagnosis with a nontraumatic onset. The 5-year prognosis of adolescent PFP compared with other types of knee pain is unknown. In 2011, a cohort of 2200 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years answered an online questionnaire on musculoskeletal pain. Of these, 504 reported knee pain, and 153 of these were clinically diagnosed with PFP. Now, after 5 years, the 504 adolescents, as well as 252 randomly selected adolescents who did not report knee pain in 2011, will be contacted again to gain insights into their prognosis.

Official Title
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5 Year Follow-up of Adolescents With Knee Pain - a Prospective Cohort Study of 504 Adolescents

Conditions
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Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Knee Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: No intervention


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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From the 504, 153 were diagnosed with PFP, the criteria for which included: - insidious onset of anterior knee or retropatellar pain for longer than 6 weeks that was provoked by at least 2 of the following: prolonged sitting or kneeling, squatting, running, hopping, or stair climbing; tenderness on palpation of the patella; pain when stepping down; or double-leg squatting. Exclusion criteria were: concomitant injury or pain from the hip, lumbar spine, or other knee structures self-reported patellofemoral instability knee joint effusion.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| The APA2011 cohort<br>In September 2011, students at 4 upper secondary schools in Aalborg were invited to answer an online questionnaire and to be part of the APA2011 cohort. From 2846 potential responders, 2200 adolescents responded to the questionnaire, corresponding to a response rate of 77%. A total of 504 adolescents indicating knee pain at least monthly were successfully contacted (a response rate of 83% of those who reported their telephone numbers) and were asked standardized questions on the telephone. This forms the cohort of 504 adolescents with knee pain. In addition a random selected group of adolescents without knee pain in 2011 will be contacted and asked the same questions as those with knee pain. | Other: No intervention<br>* No intervention<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knee pain during the last week | All subjects are asked if they experienced knee pain during the last week | 5 years | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knee pain during the last 30 days | Did you experience knee pain during the last 30 days? | 5 years | 
| Frequency of knee pain | Frequency of knee pain divided into (almost daily, several times per week, weekly, monthly, rarely, never | 5 years | 
| When did your knee pain resolve |  | 5 years | 
| Pain in other regions of the body |  | 5 years | 
| Seeking medical attention for your knee pain |  | 5 years | 
| Previous treatments for your knee pain |  | 5 year | 
| Use of pain medication |  | 5 years | 
| Worst pain last week | Measured on a numeric rating scale | 5 years | 
| Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome score |  | 5 years | 
| Health-related quality of life | Measure with the EQ-5D-3L | 5 years | 
| The influence of knee pain on choice of activity level, mood, choice of education and professional career |  | 5 years | 
| Physical activity level | Measured with the IPAQ | 5 years | 
| Number of sports participation per week |  | 5 years | 
| The effect of knee pain on sports participation |  | 5 years | 
| Self-reported sleep problems | Assessed by asking three questions related to: trouble falling asleep, wake several times per night and trouble staying asleep. | 5 years |