Postoperative Pain in Adult Patients.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Each surgical intervention associated with even a minor tissue injury is a source of pain which needs to be effectively controlled. Although the Polish national guidelines for post-operative pain management have been published, many patients experience moderate and severe pain in the postoperative period. The aim of this study is (1) to assess pain severity among adult patients after different types of surgeries; (2) to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with postoperative pain.

Official Title
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Survey of Postoperative Pain Control in Adults After Different Types of Surgeries.

Conditions
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Pain, Postoperative, Surgical Procedures, Operative

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Observational study


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: adult elective surgery the American Society of Anesthesiologists score 1-3 Exclusion Criteria: diagnosed mental illness, alcohol abuse disorders, intellectual disability traumatic events within the last 6 months (e.g. death, breakdown of a relationship, job loss) problems with verbal communication

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| SURGICAL PROCEDURES ASSOCIATED WITH SLIGHT TISSUE DAMAGE<br> | Other: Observational study<br>* Pain assessment, Anxiety assessment, Depression assessment<br>|
| SURGICAL PROCEDURES ASSOCIATED WITH MODERATE TISSUE DAMAGE<br> | Other: Observational study<br>* Pain assessment, Anxiety assessment, Depression assessment<br>|
| SURGICAL PROCEDURES ASSOCIATED WITH SUBSTANTIAL TISSUE DAMAGE<br> | Other: Observational study<br>* Pain assessment, Anxiety assessment, Depression assessment<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain intensity scores at rest | Pain intensity is assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), where 0 meant no pain and 10 maximum pain. Numeric scores of 1-3, 4-6, and 7-10 corresponded to mild, moderate and severe pain. | first 24 hours after surgery | 
| Pain intensity scores on movement | Pain intensity is assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), where 0 meant no pain and 10 maximum pain. Numeric scores of 1-3, 4-6, and 7-10 corresponded to mild, moderate and severe pain. | first 24 hours after surgery | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Anxiety scores | Anxiety is evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS. It consists of 7 items grouped in sub-scales: anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). The answers describe the patient's well-being over the last week and are coded on a scale of 0-3 points. HADS-A: the total score amounts to 0-21 points (0-7 points = norm, 8-10 = borderline, ≥11 points = clinical levels of symptoms). | day prior to surgery | 
| Depression scores | Depression is evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS. It consists of 7 items grouped in sub-scales: anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). The answers describe the patient's well-being over the last week and are coded on a scale of 0-3 points. HADS-D: the total score amounts to 0-21 points (0-7 points = norm, 8-10 = borderline, ≥11 points = clinical levels of symptoms). | day prior to surgery | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Postoperative pain, Anxiety, Depression, Adult