Contrast Bath and Sympathetic Skin Response

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study evaluates the effects of contrast bath on sympathetic skin response in stroke patients with complex regional pain syndrome .

Detailed Description
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Contrast bath(CB) is a thermal modality. It is usually performed by keeping hands in hot and cold water for certain periods of time. CB is a mostly advised intervention in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) altough there is no certain evidence The investigators will study on stroke patients. Change in sympathetic skin response after the contrast bath will be evaluated. Stroke patients who admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation programme in Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital were evaluated for this study. Patients who had CRPS after stroke were included in the study (CRPS group). Also patients who had not CRPS and had similar age, gender and stroke duration with CRPS group were included in control group. Stroke patients with pacemaker, polyneuropathy, neglect, sensory or motor aphasia, peripheral nerve injury, hand surgery and reynauld disease were excluded from the study. Age, gender, dominant arm, comorbidities, stroke side, aetiology and duration were recorded. Brunnstrom stages were used to evaluate arm and hand. Spasticity of upper extremity was assed by modified aschworth scale. In CRPS group, CRPS severity scale was performed to evaluate the CRPS severity. This scale includes sensorial, autonomic and motor function. Also, neuropathic pain was assesed by Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) Questionnaire and visual analog scale(VAS). Contrast bath was performed to patients' plegic side . There were two baths , one include hot water and other had cold degrees. Patients hold their plegic hands in hot water for 4 minutes, in cold water for 1 minute after hot water. Hot and cold bath were repeated four times. Sympathetic skin response (SSR) was measured before the contrast bath and 30 minutes after the contrast bath finished. SSR was recorded from plegic side and contralateral side. The active electrode was placed at the palm of the hand and the reference electrode at dorsum of the hand to record the median nerve SSR. The latency and the amplitude of SSR was measured.

Official Title
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Effects of Contrast Bath on Sympathetic Skin Response in Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1

Conditions
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Stroke, Sympathetic Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Contrast bath


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: stroke both gender Exclusion Criteria: peripheral neuropathy pace maker skin lesion in hands anxiety sensory or motor aphasia peripheral nerve injury hand surgery and reynauld disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome(CRPS) group<br>Stroke patients with complex regional pain syndrome | Other: Contrast bath<br>* Contrast bath (hot and cold therapy)<br>|
| Other: Control Group<br>Stroke patients without complex regional pain syndrome | Other: Contrast bath<br>* Contrast bath (hot and cold therapy)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| sympathetic skin response | microvolts | 1 day |