Kinesiophobia in Patients With Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Chronic Neck Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Kinesiophobia which is described as fear of movement reduces physical activity levels and increases the risk of chronic pain. We consider that kinesiophobia levels were higher in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain so that physical activity levels were lower in this patients groups. Because there are not enough studies, we aimed to evaluate kinesiophobia and physical activity levels in this patients.

Detailed Description
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Objective: To evaluate pain, kinesiophobia, physical activity, depression, disease severity, and fatigue in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome or chronic neck pain and healthy controls. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Health Care Center, Aksaray, Turkey Participants: 30 patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (Group 1), 30 patients with chronic neck pain (Group 2), and 30 healthy individuals (Group 3) were included. Main Outcome Measures: Outcome measures were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)-pain and fatigue, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Neck Pain Disability Index (NPDI).

Official Title
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Evaluation of Kinesiophobia and Physical Activity Levels in Patients With Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Chronic Neck Pain

Conditions
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Fibromyalgia, Neck Pain, Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: disease duration more than three years for patient groups no pain and additional disease for healthy controls Exclusion Criteria: malignancy systemic infectious and rheumatic diseases history of operation having received physical therapy or intra-articular or intra-ligamentary injection within the last three months previous diagnosis of a psychological or cognitive disorder history of pregnancy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| fibromyalgia syndrome<br>Thirty patients with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia syndrome according to the 2016 revised American College of Rheumatology Fibromyalgia Syndrome diagnostic criteria and a disease duration of longer than three months | Diagnostic Test: fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain<br>* We assessed pain intensity, kinesiophobia, fatigue, depression, physical activity level and disability in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain, and healthy individuals in this cross-sectional study.<br>* Other names: depression;|
| chronic neck pain<br>30 patients with chronic neck pain lasting for more than three months and didn't meet 2016 revised American College of Rheumatology Fibromyalgia Syndrome diagnostic criteria. | Diagnostic Test: fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain<br>* We assessed pain intensity, kinesiophobia, fatigue, depression, physical activity level and disability in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain, and healthy individuals in this cross-sectional study.<br>* Other names: depression;|
| healthy controls<br>30 healthy controls without pain or additional disease | Diagnostic Test: fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain<br>* We assessed pain intensity, kinesiophobia, fatigue, depression, physical activity level and disability in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic neck pain, and healthy individuals in this cross-sectional study.<br>* Other names: depression;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia | Based on a four-point Likert type, this scale contains 17 items that evaluate fear and anxiety related to physical activity. A total score of greater than 37 is accepted as statistically significant and interpreted as a high level of kinesiophobia. minimal and maximal scores could be between 17-68 points. higher scores indicate higher levels of kinesiophobia. | 4-8 minutes | 
| International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form | It consists of seven items that measure the duration of the participants' physical activity, walking and sitting within the last seven days in the metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week unit. 3 or more days of vigorous activity of at least 20 minutes per day or 5 or more days of moderate-intensity activity and/or walking of at least 30 minutes per day or 5 or more days of any combination of walking, moderate-intensity or vigorous intensity activities achieving a minimum of at least 600 metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes/week are proposed to be moderate level. Vigorous-intensity activity on at least 3 days and accumulating at least 1500 metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes/week or 7 or more days of any combination of walking, moderate- or vigorous-intensity activities accumulating at least 3000 metabolic equivalent (MET)-minutes/week are proposed to be high level. Some activity is reported but not enough to meet categories of moderate or high levels. | 5-10 minutes | 
| Beck Depression Inventory | This is a 21-item questionnaire that investigates the characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression. A score of 10 or higher indicates depression. Minimal and maximal scores can be 0-63 points. Higher scores indicate higher levels of depression. | 10 minutes | 
| Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire | It aims to evaluate the arthritis symptoms and functional status of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome through 21 questions that inquire about physical functions, work-related situations, depression, anxiety, waking up tired, pain, stiffness, and fatigue. Higher scores indicate greater impact of fibromyalgia on functioning. Final score should range from 0 to 80. | 5 minutes | 
| Neck Pain Disability Index | This index consists of 20 questions that assess severity of neck pain and the extent to which the pain affects the social, professional and daily activities of patients.Final score should range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater levels of disability. | 5-8 minutes | 
| Visual Analog Scale for the Evaluation of Pain and Fatigue | For this evaluation, the patient is asked to mark his/her severity of pain and fatigue on a horizontal 10-cm line with number 0 on one end representing no pain or no fatigue and number 10 on the other end indicating very severe pain or very severe fatigue. Higher scores indicate higher levels of pain intensity or fatigue. | 0.5 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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kinesiophobia, physical activity, disability