Breakfast and Energy Expenditure in Young Women

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this research is to determine if body composition influence the effect of breakfast composition on postprandial (post-meal) hunger, metabolic and energy expenditure response in normal weight, overweight, and obese young women.

Official Title
-----------------
The Effect of Breakfast Intake on Energy Expenditure and Hunger in Young Women

Conditions
-----------------
Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Dietary Supplement: Control
* Dietary Supplement: Omega 3 fatty acids


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: BMI over 18.5 No medication Exclusion Criteria: Food allergies Habitual breakfast skipping (> 5 times per week) Picky eater Dietary restrictions

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Normal Weight<br>This group will be administered two breakfast beverages with a one- to two-week washout period between beverages. The beverages will be a control or an isocaloric, macronutrient matched breakfast beverage with omega-3 fatty acids. | Dietary Supplement: Control<br>* Beverage provided and a four hour postprandial assessment of energy metabolism using a metabolic cart and appetite using a visual analog scale follows.<br>Dietary Supplement: Omega 3 fatty acids<br>* Beverage provided and a four hour postprandial assessment of energy metabolism using a metabolic cart and appetite using a visual analog scale follows.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Overweight and Obese<br>This group will be administered two breakfast beverages with a one- to two-week washout period between beverages. The beverages will be a control or an isocaloric, macronutrient matched breakfast beverage with omega-3 fatty acids. | Dietary Supplement: Control<br>* Beverage provided and a four hour postprandial assessment of energy metabolism using a metabolic cart and appetite using a visual analog scale follows.<br>Dietary Supplement: Omega 3 fatty acids<br>* Beverage provided and a four hour postprandial assessment of energy metabolism using a metabolic cart and appetite using a visual analog scale follows.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Energy metabolism/expenditure | Energy expenditure and thermic effect of feeding will be measured using a TrueMax 2400 metabolic cart | Four hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Appetite | Postprandial appetite will be assessed using visual analog scales | Four hours |