Student Behavior in School Accident Precautions

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Accidents are an important public health problem due to temporary or permanent disability and deaths. Injuries are among the most important causes of death and lifelong disability between the ages of 5-14. Children at these ages spend long hours at school and are physically very active in school. It is reported that 15% of child accidents occur at school. For this reason, it is important to increase the standard of knowledge of children to improve their behavior towards safety precautions. Purpose of this study is to research the impact of the education that has given towards the health belief model, for the behavior of children about precautions against school accidents. This study is Quasi-experimental study. There will a experiment and a control group in the study. Within the scope of the study, the researcher will train students about school accidents and how to prevent them for 30 minutes a week at the total of 4 weeks. No intervention will be applied to the control group. The scale will be applied to the students, before the training and afterwards to determine the behaviors of students towards safety precautions in school accidents.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The behavior score averages and standard deviations of the two groups in a previous study (Dilek, 2018) and the effect size were calculated to determine the sample size of the study. Power analysis (significance level 0.05 for type 1 error, effect size 0.50, and power 0.95). (Gpower 3.1 version) was carried out. In the power analysis, the minimum number of participants was 87 in the experimental group and 87 in the control group. In this context, the research will be conducted with 100 participants in each group, taking into account the possibility that non-parametric statistics may need to be used due to the non-normal distribution of the dependent variable, incomplete and erroneous data, and absenteeism. Experimental and control groups will be selected from the branches 3rd and 4th grade. 3 branches will be selected for the experimental group and 3 branches for the control group. Branches will be determined by drawing. In order not to interfere with the education of students during the training, the groups will be designated as class branches. Ethical permission was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi (Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University) (date: 03.June 2022; Number: 2022/340)

Official Title
-----------------
The Effect of the Health Belief Model-Based Intervention in Primary School 3rd and 4th Grade Students' Behavior on Safety Precautions for Preventing Accidents at School

Conditions
-----------------
Health Behavior

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Behavioral: Education


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Being educated in 3rd and 4th grade Volunteer to participate in the research Consent of the student's parent Speak and understand Turkish Exclusion Criteria: Being visually and hearing impaired Using a language other than Turkish Not willing to participate in the study

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 9 Years
Maximum Age: 11 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: intervention group<br>Experimental group will be selected from the branches 3rd and 4th grade. 3 branches will be selected for the experimental group. Branches will be determined by drawing. In order not to interfere with the education of students during the training, the groups will be designated as class branches. | Behavioral: Education<br>* Students selected for the experimental group will be trained by the researcher for school accidents prepared in line with the components of the Health Belief Model.The training program will be planned as 30 minutes per week for 4 weeks. Before the training and at the end of the training (at the end of the 4th week), the students will be applied personal information form and a behavior scale for safety precautions in school accidents.<br>|
| No Intervention: control group<br>Control group will be selected from the branches 3rd and 4th grade. 3 branches for the control group. Branches will be determined by drawing. In order not to interfere with the education of students during the training, the groups will be designated as class branches. After the training of the experimental group is completed and the final data are obtained, a 40-minute training will be given to the control group about prevention from school accidents. This training was planned so that the control group would not be devoided of the intervention. | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Behavior Towards The Security Precautions Against School Accidents | Scale of Behavior Towards The Security Precautions Against School Accidents: Student behaviors will be determined with this scale. It is a 5-point Likert-type scale consisting of 40 items and was developed by Gür and Yıldız (2009). The scale's Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient is .81. There are Always, Often, Sometimes, Rarely, Never options for each item in the scale. For each question, Always receives 5 points, Often receives 4 points, Sometimes 3 points, Rarely 2 points, and Never receives 1 point. 2., 3., 4., 5., 7., 10., 12., 20., 21., 22., 26., 32., 34., 36., 37., 38., 39. questions are scored in the opposite direction. Each student can get a minimum of 40 points and a maximum of 200 points. The highest score obtained from the scale shows that the student takes the security measures for school accidents at the highest level. | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
schools, accident, students, health belief model