Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep Habits

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study aims to observe if consistency in a young adult's schedule is related to health factors and outcomes, such as diet quality, amount of physical activity and sleep, and weight.

Detailed Description
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During young adulthood, patterns regarding physical activity,1,2 dietary intake,3 and weight status4 are established that track into later life and can impact health. Social and physical cues also impact patterns-particularly those cues that may influence biological and behavioral rhythms which can influence the Circadian Timing System (CTS).5 Chronotype, the timing of sleep patterns, is closely tied to the CTS as it reflects sleep in relation to the light and dark cycle, with morning-type (MT) having a pattern that should assist with better entrainment (sleep better entrained to the physical cues of light/dark).6 Research has found that chronotype is related to several areas important to health, including diet,6-11 physical activity,12-14 weight regulation.15-18. As a whole, research in this area suggests that MT individuals are more likely to consume a healthier eating pattern, be more physically active, and more successfully manage their weight. However, the research in this area for young adults is limited. While there has been research regarding chronotype and diet, activity, and weight management, there is a paucity of research on the relationship between social cues and social rhythms, which also influence the CTS, and health related outcomes. Social rhythms, as measured by the Social Rhythm Metric (SRM), are related to chronotype, such that MT is related to a higher SRM.19-21 Due to the relationship between SRM and chronotype, and chronotype and diet, physical activity, and weight management, it would be anticipated that SRM is also related to these health outcomes. Specifically, it would be anticipated that more consistent social rhythms (higher SRM) would be related to a healthier eating pattern, greater physical activity, and weight management. However, this relationship has never been investigated. Therefore, to better understand how social rhythms, which are triggered by social cues, are related to health, this investigation will be assessing both chronotype and SRM and collecting measures on diet quality, via food records, physical activity and sleep, via accelerometers, and anthropometrics, via BMI. The population of interest for this study is specifically young adults because young adulthood is a time period when health patterns are established for the rest of life. This study aims to observe if consistency in a young adult's schedule is related to health factors and outcomes, such as diet quality, amount of physical activity and sleep, and weight.

Official Title
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Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep Habits

Conditions
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Diet Habit

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Between the ages of 18-35 years Able to pass the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) indicating that they have no health conditions that limit their ability to engage in physical activity Access to an email address and internet each day during their participation An town when all measures are collected Taking classes and/or working a job when all measures are collected Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant Allergy to stainless steel, making the participant unable to wear Body Media Armband Dietary restrictions of any kind Shift work, here defined as having to work a shift for any period of time between the hours of 12 am and 6 am

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Diet Quality 1 | Healthy Eating Index Score calculated using a three-day food record | Through study completion, 1 week | 
| Diet Quality 2 | Total energy intake will be assessed using a three-day food record | Through study completion, 1 week | 
| Physical Activity 1 | Minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands | Through study completion, 1 week | 
| Physical Activity 2 | Energy expenditure from moderate to vigorous physical activity will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands | Through study completion, 1 week | 
| Sleep 1 | Length of sleep will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands | Through study completion, 1 week | 
| Sleep 2 | Sleep efficiency will be assessed using SenseWear Armbands | Through study completion, 1 week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | BMI will be calculated using height and weight measurements | Baseline appointment | 
| Body Composition | Body fat percentage will be assessed using the Body Composition Analyzer TBF-300 (TANITA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) | Baseline appointment | 
| Chronotype | Chronotype will be assessed using the Composite Score for Morningness | Baseline appointment | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Social Rhythm Metric, Chronotype, Young adult