Genetic Basis of Primary Immunodeficiencies

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders to identify patients with mutations of the genes for the following proteins: Jak3, STAT1, STAT4, interleukin-7, interleukin-7 receptor, interleukin-12 receptor subunits, and others. Patients will undergo screening history, physical examination, and clinical laboratory evaluation at referring institutions and tissue samples, or cell lines will be sent to the NIH. We will establish cell lines if necessary, prepare DNA and RNA for molecular genetic analysis and study cytokine signal transduction in patient cell lines.

Detailed Description
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders to identify patients with mutations of the genes for the following proteins: Jak3, STAT1, STAT4, interleukin-7, interleukin-7 receptor, interleukin-12 receptor subunits, and others. Patients will undergo screening history, physical examination, and clinical laboratory evaluation at referring institutions and tissue samples, or cell lines will be sent to the NIH. We will establish cell lines if necessary, prepare DNA and RNA for molecular genetic analysis and study cytokine signal transduction in patient cell lines.

Official Title
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Molecular Basis of Primary Immunodeficiencies

Conditions
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Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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INCLUSION CRITERIA: Samples from patients with known or suspected primary immunodeficiencies, including those treated with stem cell transplants or gene correction therapy, and their families will be accepted worldwide primarily from tertiary care centers that treat patients with such immunodeficiencies. Such patients will have documented evidence of either opportunistic infection, recurrent infection, or unusually severe responses to infectious agents that cause mild illness in unaffected individuals. In selected cases, at the discretion of the investigators, samples for testing will be obtained from consenting adult relatives of affected individuals. Either patient-derived B cell lines or primary blood samples will be accepted although in some cases buccal swabs will also be accepted. Blood samples may be obtained from unaffected children. Additionally; patients with particularly interesting clinical presentations (e.g. adults with possible attenuated immunodeficiency) may be seen for outpatient visits at the NIH Clinical Center for evaluation. Infants with SCID or other primary immunodeficiency will not be seen; their physicians will care them for and only clinical material will be sent on such patients. Medically stable patients with mild to moderate immunodeficiency may be seen at the NIH. We will encourage the participation of women and members of minority groups in this study. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Inability to provide informed consent. A presence of any medical condition that would, in the opinion of the investigators, confuse the interpretation of the study.
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| 1<br>patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Natural History of Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome | The objectives of the study are: (1) To identify new patients with Jak3 deficiency to determine the range of mutations that occur, to study these mutations in in vitro assays and to relate these findings to the clinical presentation. We will also try to develop improved assays for the diagnosis of Jak3 deficiency. (2) To analyze the function of lymphoid and myeloid cells from patients who have undergone stem cell transplants for Jak3- and XSCID (3) To analyze patients with TB+SCID without mutations of Jak3 and c for mutations in IL- 7, IL-7 receptor genes. (4) To analyze patients with defects in cell-mediated immunity to try to identify patients with mutations of the genes encoding IL-12 subunits, IL-12 receptor subunits and the transcription factors Stat1, Stat 4 and IRF. | Enrollment with follow-up | 
| Natural History of Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome | The objectives of the study are: (5) To analyze patients, including their tissues and cells, with defects in innate immunity, adaptive immunity, or both who clinically present with features suggestive of NEMO Syndrome or NEMO-like syndrome to identify individuals with mutations in IKK (NEMO), IB, and other genes that modify the expression and function of NFB family members. | Enrollment with follow-up | 
| Natural History of Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome | The objectives of the study are: (6) To perform whole genome, exome, or chemical analysis of genes in selected patients and family members to discover new primary immunodeficiency related genes. Whole genome, exome, or other gene analysis will be done to determine which particular genetic variations can cause the various primary immunodeficiencies such as JAK3 deficiency or NEMO Syndrome. We also seek to study whether particular variations are associated with more or less severe illness, or with specific types of symptoms, to understand the basic mechanism by which these altered genes cause cells to function differently, and to identify other genes causing SCID or NEMO-like syndrome. In order to do this, we need blood specimens (or cells from inside the cheek) from patients and their families. We will use these samples to identify which, if any, abnormality is present in the patient s genes, and to study the behavior of immune cells in vitro. | Enrollment with follow-up | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Jak, Cytokine, Stat, IL-12, Mutation, Immunodeficiency