Mindfulness Mediation Intervention in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and potential impact of an eight week program of meditation on expiratory time, anxiety and dyspnea in people with COPD.

Detailed Description
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a progressive multi-dimensional disease with a complex network of somatic and affective components. Anxiety is a common experience for persons with COPD both as a reaction to dyspnea (48) and as a separate co-morbid condition (10, 26). The presence of anxiety magnifies COPD symptoms and further impairs physical functioning (53). Both anxiety and COPD alter breathing patterns similarly causing irregular rapid shallow breathing at rest, which is inefficient and cannot adequately respond to increases in ventilatory demands from physical or emotional activity (121). Both COPD and anxiety are also associated with changes in neurological functioning. Whereas anxiety tends to be associated with increased amygdala activity (54), COPD is associated with a decrease in frontal cortex functioning (25, 28, 122). Persons with COPD who experience anxiety are less able to correctly process the level of physical and emotional demand for any given situation and their ability to meet that demand (46, 123). Pulmonary rehabilitation addresses both the physical and emotional symptoms of COPD, however gains in function are quickly lost over time (4). Evidence suggests that mindfulness based meditation can alter neural pathways to facilitate processing of emotions and increase quality of life for persons with COPD. The overall objective of this study is to assess the ability of persons with COPD to participate in a mindfulness meditation intervention and to examine the impact of mindfulness meditation on their anxiety levels and global sense of coherence. A modified version of Antonovsky's sense of coherence model will be used as the framework for this study. We will address the specific aims: 1) to determine the effects of mindfulness meditation on breathing patterns; 2) To determine the effects of mindfulness meditation on anxiety levels; 3) To determine self-reported adherence rates following an eight-week small group instructional course on mindfulness meditation, and 4) To determine the effects of mindfulness meditation on global sense of coherence levels in persons with COPD. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine identifies meditation as a form of CAM that focuses on the interaction among the brain, body, mind and behavior that is already practiced by 8% of persons who participate in CAM therapy. Meditation is rated a special priority research area by NCCAM.

Official Title
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Mindfulness Mediation Intervention in COPD

Conditions
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Mindfulness meditation


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Any stage of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Able to read and write English Exclusion Criteria: Severe mental disability Inability to attend

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 99 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: mindfulness meditation class<br>Group class on mindfulness meditation. One hour weekly class led by nurse expert on meditation that includes mindfulness skills, body awareness skills and emotional awareness skills. Homework is assigned. | Behavioral: Mindfulness meditation<br>* Group class on mindfulness meditation. One hour weekly class led by nurse expert on meditation that includes mindfulness skills, body awareness skills and emotional awareness skills. Homework is assigned.<br>|
| No Intervention: wait list<br>Subjects assigned to the control group will continue with medical treatment as usual and be allowed to attend the mindfulness meditation class after week eight. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in Respiratory Rate | Breathing patterns will be measured at baseline using inductive plethysmography at baseline and at week eight. During that eight week time period the treatment group will have been exposed to a once a week mindfulness meditation class and the control group will have been exposed to health care as usual. | baseline and at week eight | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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meditation, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Mindfulness, Anxiety, Breathing Patterns