Relative Bioavailability of Tipranavir (TPV)/Ritonavir (RTV) at Steady State Administered as Oral Solutions vs. Capsules in the Fed and Fasted State in Healthy Volunteers

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Study to establish the relative bioavailability of the TPV oral solution formulation (500 mg coadministered with RTV oral solution 200 mg) to the TPV capsule formulation (500 mg coadministered with RTV capsules 200 mg), with both treatments at steady-state under fasted and fed conditions in healthy male and female volunteers.

Official Title
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An Open-label, Single-site, One-sequence Cross-over Study to Assess the Relative Bioavailability of TPV/r 500 mg/200 mg at Steady State When TPV and RTV Are Administered as Oral Solutions vs. Capsules in the Fed and Fasted State.

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: TPV capsule
* Drug: TPV solution
* Drug: RTV capsule
* Drug: RTV solution
* Other: standard meal


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male and female subjects 18 to 65 years of age inclusive A Body Mass Index (BMI): ≥18.5 and ≤35 kg/m2 Signed informed consent prior to performance of any study procedures Ability to swallow multiple large capsules without difficulty Screening laboratory values within the normal range. Inclusion of any subject with an abnormal laboratory value was subject to approval by the BI trial clinical monitor Acceptable medical history, physical examination, and 12-lead ECG at screening Willingness to abstain from the following starting 5 days prior to administration of any study medication and up until the end of the study: Grapefruit or grapefruit juice, red wine, Seville oranges, St. John's Wort and Milk Thistle Willingness to abstain from the following starting 3 days prior to administration of any study medication up to the end of the study: Garlic supplements and methylxanthine containing foods or drinks (including coffee, tea, cola, energy drinks, chocolate, etc.), apples and apple juice Willingness to abstain from over-the-counter herbal medications for the duration of the study Are non-smokers Willingness to abstain from vigorous physical exercise during intensive pharmacokinetic days 10, 11, 14, 15 Reasonable probability for completion of the study Exclusion Criteria: Participation in another trial with an investigational medicine within 2 months prior to Day 0 of this study Female subjects of reproductive potential who: Have a positive pregnancy test Have not been using a barrier method of contraception for at least 3 months prior to participation in the study Are not willing to use a reliable method of barrier contraception (such as diaphragm with spermicidal cream/jelly or condoms with spermicidal foam), during and 60 days after completion/termination of the trial Are breast-feeding Use any pharmacological contraceptive (including oral, patch or injectable contraceptives) within 1 month prior to Day 0 and for the duration of the study. Due to long half-life, subjects using Depo-Provera® within 6 months prior to Day 1 are excluded from participation in this study Use of hormone replacement therapy within 1 month prior to Day 0 and anytime during the study Use of any medication listed in Protocol within 30 days prior to Day 0 of this study Administration of antibiotics within 15 days prior to Day 0 and anytime during the study History of acute illness within 60 days prior to Day 0 Subjects will be excluded for acute illnesses that occurred more than 60 days prior to Day 0 if, in the opinion of the investigator, the subject did not qualify as a healthy volunteer Serological evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) Serological evidence of exposure to HIV Alcohol or substance abuse within 1 year prior to screening or during the study Blood or plasma donations within 30 days prior to Day 0 or during the study Subjects with a history of any illness or allergy that, in the opinion of the investigator, might have confounded the results of the study or pose additional risk in administering TPV, or RTV to the subject Subjects who have taken (within 7 days prior to Day 0) any over-the-counter or prescription medication that, in the opinion of the investigator in consultation with the sponsor's clinical monitor, might have interfered with absorption, distribution, or metabolism of the study medications Known hypersensitivity to sulphonamide class of drugs Known hypersensitivity to TPV, RTV, or antiretroviral drugs (marketed or experimental use as part of clinical research studies) Known elevated liver enzymes in past trials with any compound Known allergy to nuts or nut products (A spoonful of peanut or hazelnut butter was taken immediately before administration of TPV or RTV oral solution, to help mask the taste of the solutions) Inability to adhere to the protocol Inability to consume a standard high-fat meal Cautions or warnings in the package insert which, in the opinion of the investigator, constituted grounds for subject exclusion

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: TPV/RTV capsules fed<br> | Drug: TPV capsule<br> <br> Drug: RTV capsule<br> <br> Other: standard meal<br> <br> |
| Experimental: TPV/RTV capsules fasted<br> | Drug: TPV capsule<br> <br> Drug: RTV capsule<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: TPV/RTV solutions fed<br> | Drug: TPV solution<br> <br> Drug: RTV solution<br> <br> Other: standard meal<br> <br> |
| Active Comparator: TPV/RTV solutions fasted<br> | Drug: TPV solution<br> <br> Drug: RTV solution<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Area under the concentration-time curve of TPV from time zero to 12 hours at steady state (AUC0-12) |  | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Area under the concentration-time curve of RTV from time zero to 12 hours at steady state (AUC0-12) |  | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 
| Maximum measured concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state (Cmax) |  | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 
| Drug concentration in plasma after 12 hours at steady state (Cp12h) | Drug concentration in plasma at last measurement (Cplast) if Cp12h is below limit of quantification (BLQ) | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 
| Apparent clearance of the analyte in plasma at steady state following extravascular administration (CL/F) |  | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 
| Volume of distribution at steady state (Vd) |  | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 
| Terminal half life at steady state (t1/2) |  | up to 12 hours after drug administration | 
| Number of subjects with adverse events |  | up to day 16 | 
| Number of subjects with clinically significant findings in vital signs | blood pressure, pulse rate | up to day 16 | 
| Number of subjects with clinically significant findings in ECG |  | up to day 16 | 
| Number of subjects with clinically significant findings in laboratory tests |  | up to day 16 |