Effects of HIIT Integrated in PE Classes, on Physical Condition, Physical Activity and Motivation for Exercise

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Levels of activity and physical condition among adolescents are low, increasing the risk of chronic diseases. The most recent literature suggests that physical activity and physical condition are correlated with improved biopsychosocial variables of the young. The School and, concretely, the Physical Education classes are privileged spaces, promoters of positive changes for the rest of the life. HIIT is an efficient alternative to the invested time compared to aerobic training, being a powerful stimulus in improving cardiorespiratory performance, muscles oxidative capacity and sensitivity to insulin. This study intends to verify the effectiveness and feasibility in the implementation of HIIT in High-School Physical Education classes. The activity levels and physical condition of the adolescents will be evaluated and identified, before and after 16 weeks of implementation of the training program, as well as their effects on the motivation for the practice.

Official Title
-----------------
Effects of a High-Intensity Interval Training Program Integrated in High-School Physical Education Classes, on Physical Condition, Physical Activity and Motivation for Exercise

Conditions
-----------------
Adolescents

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: High-Intensity Interval Training


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Students enrolled in years 10-12 Exclusion Criteria: Students will be ineligible if they do not provide parental consent to participate

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 15 Years
Maximum Age: 17 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: HIIT Group<br>Two HIIT sessions delivered at the beginning of Physical education classes | Other: High-Intensity Interval Training<br>* The program will be applied in the first 10-15 minutes of each PE class, twice a week, including a brief warm-up, ranged from 14 to 20 intervals, adopting a 2:1 work to rest ratio (ie, 30-s work, followed by 30-s rest) A cut-point of >=90% of maximal heart rate was used as our criterion for satisfactory compliance to high-intensity exercise In order to estimate effort, fatigue and training load, a subjective effort scale will be used throughout each session. The heart rate will be monitored throughout the session in real time through Bluetooth technology. Actigraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT), randomly distributed by the students in each session, will be used to characterize the intensity of the sessions.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control Group<br>Usual programmed Physical education classes | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline Cardio-respiratory fitness at 4 months | Assessed by Yo-Yo Intermitent Recovery Test 1(Tanner & Gore, 2014) | 4 months | 
| Change from 4 months Cardio-respiratory fitness at 6 months | Assessed by Yo-Yo Intermitent Recovery Test 1(Tanner & Gore, 2014) | 6 months | 
| Change from baseline Muscular Strength at 4 months | Assessed using push-up and curl-up tests (Plowman, 2013) | 4 months | 
| Change from 4 months Muscular Strength at 6 months | Assessed using push-up and curl-up tests (Plowman, 2013) | 6 months | 
| Change from baseline Body Mass Index (BMI) at 4 months | Assessed by Height and Weight (Dobbelsteyn, Joffres, MacLean, & Flowerdew, 2001) | 4 months | 
| Change from 4 months Body Mass Index (BMI) at 6 months | Assessed by Height and Weight (Dobbelsteyn, Joffres, MacLean, & Flowerdew, 2001) | 6 months | 
| Change from baseline Physical Activity at 4 months | Assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (iPAQ), and accelerometry (Actigraph - wGT3X-BT) | 4 months | 
| Change from 4 months Physical Activity at 6 months | Assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (iPAQ), and accelerometry (Actigraph - wGT3X-BT) | 6 months | 
| Change from baseline Motivation at 4 months | Assessed by Behavioral Regulation In Exercise Questionnaire (Cid et al., 2018). | 4 months | 
| Change from 4 months Motivation at 6 months | Assessed by Behavioral Regulation In Exercise Questionnaire (Cid et al., 2018). | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
HIIT, Adolescents, Physical Exercise, Health, Motivation