Comparative Study of Gender Identity Disorder Versus Control

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Gender dysphoria is manifested by an internal tension between biological sex and gender, that is, by a non-congruence, in the subjects who suffer from it, between their sex of birth and their social gender identity.

Detailed Description
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Gender dysphoria is manifested by an internal tension between biological sex and gender, that is, by a non-congruence, in the subjects who suffer from it, between their sex of birth and their social gender identity. Gender dysphoria is accompanied by the often overwhelming need for a hormonal or even hormone-surgical transition. Gender dysphoria is very often characterized by fluctuating mood sadness, irritability, obsessionality. An improvement in the quality of life after medical treatment (hormone therapy) and gender reassignment surgery has been described in the literature. Morphological similarities have been found between the brains of women and the brains of so-called transgender women, as well as between the brains of transgender men and men. These morphological data are only very fragmentary and have not been supported by neuro-functional data. Self-awareness, which refers to the awareness that an individual has of his body, his image and his own identity, is partly underpinned, at the brain level, by the activation of the Default Mode Network (DMN) at rest, in non-pathological conditions. The conflict between the internal perception of the own body and its objective representation could result in a change in brain connectivity within the DMN, due in particular to changes in the activation of the temporo parietal junction.

Official Title
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Comparative Study of Gender Dysphoria Phenomenology and Neurophysiology: Clinical and Experimental Exploration of Gender Identity Disorder

Conditions
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Gender Dysphoria, Adult

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Psychiatric evaluations


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients with gender dysphoria Without psychotropic Without hormono-therapy Without sexual surgery assignation Exclusion Criteria: Any depression Any addiction

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Male patients with gender dysphoria<br>male patients with gender dysphoria according to DSM-V criteria (axis I), confirmed by MINI evaluation patients without psychotropic treatments patients who do not benefit of hormone therapy patients who have not yet received gender reassignment surgery patients aged 18 to 60 years patients with normal or corrected vision patients without mental defect patients without neurological impairment | Other: Psychiatric evaluations<br>* At different time points, several psychiatric evaluations will be performed on patients and volunteers for study purposes<br>* Other names: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression;|
| Female patients with gender dysphoria<br>female patients with gender dysphoria according to DSM-V criteria (axis I), confirmed by MINI evaluation patients without psychotropic treatments patients who do not benefit of hormone therapy patients who have not yet received gender reassignment surgery patients aged 18 to 60 years patients with normal or corrected vision patients without mental defect patients without neurological impairment | Other: Psychiatric evaluations<br>* At different time points, several psychiatric evaluations will be performed on patients and volunteers for study purposes<br>* Other names: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression;|
| Male volunteers without gender dysphoria<br>male volunteer without gender dysphoria according to DSM-V criteria (axis I), confirmed by MINI evaluation volunteer aged 18 to 60 years volunteer with normal or corrected vision volunteer without mental defect volunteer without neurological impairment | Other: Psychiatric evaluations<br>* At different time points, several psychiatric evaluations will be performed on patients and volunteers for study purposes<br>* Other names: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression;|
| Female volunteers without gender dysphoria<br>female volunteer without gender dysphoria according to DSM-V criteria (axis I), confirmed by MINI evaluation volunteer aged 18 to 60 years volunteer with normal or corrected vision volunteer without mental defect volunteer without neurological impairment | Other: Psychiatric evaluations<br>* At different time points, several psychiatric evaluations will be performed on patients and volunteers for study purposes<br>* Other names: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Contribution of temporal parameters of microstates C, D, E and F | The proportion of the total time spent in microstates of class C,D,E and F | Week 1 to Week 24 | 
| Duration of temporal parameters of microstates C, D, E and F |  | Week 1 to Week 24 | 
| Mean-Global Field Power temporal parameters of microstates C, D, E and F |  | Week 1 to Week 24 | 
| Occurrence of temporal parameters of microstates C, D, E and F |  | Week 1 to Week 24 | 
| Cortical voxel activity from source reconstruction analysis, using electroencephalogram during Double Mirror Test (D.M.T). |  | Week 1 to Week 24 |