Pharmacodynamic Effects of Sibutramine on Gastric Function in Obesity

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Control of food intake, size and frequency of meals are critical to the development of obesity. The stomach signals feelings of fullness after a meal and therefore plays a role in control of calorie intake. It is unclear whether the approved appetite reducing drug sibutramine changes the function of the stomach. Differences in the way individuals respond to treatment with the appetite suppressant sibutramine may also explain why some people lose weight while others do not. This single center clinical study aims to compare functions of the stomach in healthy, overweight and obese individuals, and to evaluate the effects of the FDA-approved appetite suppressing medication sibutramine on weight loss and stomach functions in patients who are overweight or obese. The effect of individual differences in inherited genes on weight reduction with sibutramine will be tested.

Detailed Description
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Background: Control of food intake, size and frequency of meals are critical to the development of obesity. The stomach signals satiation in response to calories and volume ingested, playing a role in control of calorie intake. It is unclear whether the approved appetite reducing drug sibutramine alters gastric physiology. Genetic variations are potentially key to inter-individual differences in responses to treatment with the appetite suppressant sibutramine. Aims: 1. To compare gastric functions in healthy, overweight and obese individuals. 2. To evaluate effects of sibutramine on gastric functions and weight in patients who are overweight or obese. 3. To obtain preliminary data on the effect of genetic variation on responses to sibutramine. Methods: We shall measure gastric emptying, fasting and postprandial gastric volumes (using validated, non-invasive imaging methods), postprandial satiation and satiety, and integrated plasma ghrelin, leptin, insulin, GLP-1 and peptide YY levels before and after 12 weeks of sibutramine 15mg vs. placebo. We shall also collect DNA, to eventually study effects of candidate genes on response to sibutramine. Significance: Our study will provide the first evidence of the effects of sibutramine on gastric function.

Official Title
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Pharmacodynamic Effects of Sibutramine on Gastric Function in Obesity

Conditions
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Obesity, Overweight

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: sibutramine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria Normal weight, overweight and obese subjects with BMI> 18 Kg/m2 residing in Olmsted County, MN: Otherwise healthy individuals who are not currently on treatment for cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, hematological, neurological, endocrine (other than hyperglycemia not requiring medical therapy) and unstable psychiatric disease. Age: 18-65 years Gender: Men or women. Women of childbearing potential will have negative pregnancy test within 48 h of enrollment and before each radiation exposure. Exclusion Criteria Weight exceeding 300 pounds or 137 kilograms (due to limitations regarding SPECT imaging studies). Abdominal surgery other than appendectomy, Caesarian section or tubal ligation. Positive history of chronic gastrointestinal diseases, systemic disease that could affect gastrointestinal motility or use of medications that may alter gastrointestinal motility, appetite or absorption e.g., orlistat (Xenical&#61650;). Significant psychiatric dysfunction based upon screening with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] self-administered alcoholism screening test (substance abuse) and the questionnaire on eating and weight patterns (binge eating disorders and bulimia). If such a dysfunction is identified by a HADS score >8 or difficulties with substance or eating disorders, the participant will be excluded and given a referral letter to his/her primary care doctor for further appraisal and follow-up. Intake of medication, whether prescribed or OTC medication (except multivitamins) within 7 days of the study. Exceptions are birth control pill, estrogen replacement therapy, and thyroxine replacement. Concomitant use of MAOI inhibitors and other centrally acting appetite suppressants (since this would make them ineligible for sibutramine treatment). Hypersensitivity to sibutramine (since this would make them ineligible for sibutramine treatment).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Drug: sibutramine|nan|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| T1/2 gastric emptying of solids and liquids |  |  | 
| Fasting whole gastric volume |  |  | 
| Maximum volume of Ensure ingested (satiety testing) |  |  | 
| weight loss in kg |  |  | 
| effect of candidate SNPs/gene deletions on response to sibutramine |  |  | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ghrelin, leptin, insulin, GLP-1, and PYY levels integrated over the 8 hours after the meal. |  |  | 
| Aggregate symptom score 30 min after ingestion of Ensure |  |  | 
| Body fat |  |  | 
| Gastric residual at 2 and 4 hours; gastric emptying T10%, and parameters from power exponential analysis will also be described |  |  | 
| Caloric intake from a standard ad libitum meal |  |  |