The Effect of Long-pulsed 1064 nm nd: Yag Laser-assisted Hair Removal on Some Skin Flora and Pathogens: an in Vivo Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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To evaluate the effect of ND-YAG laser hair removal on some skin flora and pathogens: an in vivo study. To determine the immediate and long term effect of ND-YAG laser on total viable bacterial count, some skin flora and pathogens of laser-assisted hair removal in axilla. To assess the relation between this effect and bromohidrosis.

Detailed Description
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This Quasi-experimental interrupted time series study will be conducted on 30 female participants who will be recruited from the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the Alexandria Main University Hospital. Four sessions of laser assisted hair removal at 4 weeks intervals (S1, S2, S3 and S4) using long pulsed ND: YAG (Cynosure Elite+™, Westford, USA). The following parameters will be used according to the nature of hair (1064 nm, 15-18 mm spot size, fluence of 24-35 J/cm2, pulse duration 30-40 ms). 4. Swabs will be collected immediately and after each session

Official Title
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The Effect of Long-pulsed 1064 nm nd: Yag Laser-assisted Hair Removal on Some Skin Flora and Pathogens: an in Vivo Study

Conditions
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Changes in Bacterial Count in Axilla After Laser Hair Removal

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: ND;YAG 1064NM LASER


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: No previous laser hair removal sessions involving axilla. Fitzpatrick skin type III-VI. Exclusion Criteria: Skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, fungal or herpetic infections. Systemic diseases such as diabetes or endocrinal dysfunction. Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Pregnant or lactating females.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: ND;YAG 1064 NM LASER<br>monthly sessions of laser hair removal | Device: ND;YAG 1064NM LASER<br>* laser hair removal sessions<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| to compare changes in bacterial count and composition of axillary flora after laser hair removal | counting bacterial colonies (aerobic,anaerobic,lipophyllic and staphylococcal) using colony counter | 4 month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| To determine the immediate and long term effect of ND-YAG laser on total viable bacterial count, some skin flora and pathogens of laser-assisted hair removal in axilla | counting bacterial colonies immediately before and immediately after each laser session | 4 month | 
| To assess the relation between this effect and bromohidrosis. | using a questionnaire that is categorized into better , worse or unchanged sweat odour. | 4 month |