The Effect of Oily Fish and Poultry on Children's Cardiometabolic Health and Cognitive Function

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of FiSK Junior is to investigate whether intake of oily fish compared to poultry affects cardiovascular risk markers, cognitive function, and behaviour in healthy children.

Detailed Description
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The FiSK Junior study compares the effects of consuming oily fish versus poultry (control) in healthy 8-9 year-old Danish children. The children will be randomized to consume approximately 300 g/week of either oily fish or poultry for 12 weeks. Measurements and biological sampling will be performed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. The main objective of the study is to investigate the effect on cardiovascular risk markers, primarily blood pressure and plasma triacylglycerol. Moreover, the effects on cognitive function, behaviour, emotions and physiological stress response will be assessed. In addition, change in n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status (compliance), anthropometry, body composition, vitamin D status, inflammatory markers, growth markers, physical activity and diet will be measured. Outcomes will be analysed with focus on potential gender- and genotype-specific effects.

Official Title
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The Effect of Oily Fish and Poultry on Children's Cardiometabolic Health and Cognitive Function

Conditions
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Cardiometabolic Health, Cognitive Function

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Oily fish
* Dietary Supplement: Poultry


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children must: Be 8 - 9 years of age at the start of the intervention Be healthy Like oily fish and chicken Be willing to be randomized to eat fish or chicken Not consume oily fish more than once per week 3 months prior to intervention start Not consume fish oil 3 months prior to intervention start Speak Danish in order to understand the study procedures Moreover: Parents must read and speak Danish, in order to be properly informed about the study procedures The child must live in a household with ≤5 persons Exclusion Criteria: Serious chronic illnesses and diseases that may interfere with study outcomes Diagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or other psychiatric illness Intake of medication that may affect study outcomes Concomitant participation in other studies involving dietary supplements or blood sampling Living in a household with another participating child

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 8 Years
Maximum Age: 9 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Oily fish<br> | Dietary Supplement: Oily fish<br>* A selection of oily fish, including salmon, herring and mackerel, provided for dinner and lunch<br>|
| Experimental: Poultry (control)<br> | Dietary Supplement: Poultry<br>* A selection of poultry, mainly chicken, provided for dinner and lunch<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood pressure |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Serum triacylglycerol concentration | Fasting blood level | At 12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Serum LDL cholesterol |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Serum HDL cholesterol |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Serum insulin |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Plasma glucose |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Blood glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Heart rate |  | At 12 weeks | 
| BMI z-score |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Waist circumference |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Fat mass index by bioimpedance |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Cognitive function measured by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Response inhibition measured by Flanker test |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Selective attention capacity measured by Stroop Test |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Attention measured by the D2 Test of Attention |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Saliva cortisol after cold-pressor task |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Hair cortisol |  | At 12 weeks | 
| Compliance measured by content of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in red blood cells |  | At 12 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Omega-3, Child nutrition, Dietary recommendations, Cardiovascular risk markers, Cognitive function, Mental health