Glucocorticoid in Treatment of Adult Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome：a Prospective Observational Study

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study is to assess the efficacy and safety of 8-weeks full-dose induction protocol (prednisone 1mg/kg, maximum 60mg/day) and protracted tapering protocol in the treatment of adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Detailed Description
-----------------
In full-dose induction period, patients scheme to visit at the 4th and 8th week, and in protracted tapering period at 10th , 22nd, 42nd and 66th week. If the patients reach complete remission within 4 weeks, prednisone may be decreased at the 6th week, otherwise keep on the course to the 8th week. All patients reach complete remission will shift to protracted tapering period and follow up until prednisone withdrawal, except the cases that relapse and drop out the study. If proteinuria reappears in someone, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor（ACEI） or angiotensin receptor blocker（ARB） will be considered combination, on the premise of the blood pressure is affordable.

Official Title
-----------------
A Prospective Observational Study to Assess the Efficacy an Safety of Glucocorticoid Therapy in the Treatment of Adult Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Conditions
-----------------
Nephrotic Syndrome，Idiopathic

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Drug: prednisone


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Patients who signed written informed consent form Age between 18-65 years, female or male Patients with diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome ( proteinuria ≥3.5 g/24h, and serum albumin ≤30g/L ), Pathological diagnosis with minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and podocyte disease Serum creatinine < 3mg/dl ( 265.2umol/L), estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) no less than 30 ml/min.1.73 m2 Exclusion Criteria: Patients who didn't sign written informed consent form Patients who have received full-dose prednisone treatment for more than 2 weeks, or pulsed methylprednisolone (>7.5mg/kg.day) within 2 weeks Patients who have taken immunosuppressants within 3 months, as Cyclosporine A, Tacrolimus, Mycophenolate Mofetil, Cyclophosphamide, or Leflunomide etc. Patients who have impaired liver function, with Alanine aminotransferase(ALT) or Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) twice more than the normal upper limit, or who have viral hepatitis B with hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg) positive or hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA) reduplicative Patients who have contraindications to glucocorticoid, for example diabetes, obesity (BMI>28kg/m2 before disease onset), femoral head necrosis, or active infection. Patients who have family history of kidney disease Patients who have definite secondary facts of this disease.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: prednisone<br>First,full-dose induction period, then protracted tapering period. | Drug: prednisone<br>* Full-dose induction period: Prednisone 1mg/kg.day, maximum 60mg/day, orally, divided into 3 times; Protracted tapering period: orally, no ask for fract. dos.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the cumulative complete remission rate of 8-weeks full-dose induction protocol |  | 8 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the relapse rate of complete remission participants protracted tapering protocol |  | 66 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Prednisone, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, prospective