Responses to Information on Treatments for Depression

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of different messages about depression treatments.

Detailed Description
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Participants recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) will complete a screening questionnaire and provided the opportunity to consent to participate. Upon entry to the study, eligible participants will complete several questionnaires pre- and post-randomization. Randomization will be to view either a video detailing a type of depression treatment (cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressant medication, or the combination of both treatments) with and without an emphasis on personalization. A no video condition is also included.

Official Title
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Responses to Information on Treatments for Depression

Conditions
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Depressive Symptoms

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: CBT without Personalization
* Other: CBT with Personalization
* Other: ADM without Personalization
* Other: ADM with Personalization
* Other: Combined Treatment without Personalization
* Other: Combined Treatment with Personalization


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: PHQ-9 Score indicating a history of elevated depression symptoms A high MTurk completion rate Must pass all attention checks inserted into the questionnaires No history of treatment for depression Exclusion Criteria: none

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: No video<br>This condition involves no video presentation. | |
| Experimental: CBT without Personalization<br>Video provides information about cognitive behavioral therapy. | Other: CBT without Personalization<br>* Intervention involves a video describing CBT without a message about personalization.<br>|
| Experimental: CBT with Personalization<br>Video provides information about cognitive behavioral therapy and describes how treatment can be personalized. | Other: CBT with Personalization<br>* Intervention involves a video describing CBT with a message about personalization.<br>|
| Experimental: ADM without Personalization<br>Video provides information about antidepressant medications. | Other: ADM without Personalization<br>* Intervention involves a video describing antidepressant medication without a message about personalization.<br>|
| Experimental: ADM with Personalization<br>Video provides information about antidepressant medications and describes how treatment can be personalized. | Other: ADM with Personalization<br>* Intervention involves a video describing antidepressant medication with a message about personalization.<br>|
| Experimental: Combined Treatment without Personalization<br>Video provides information on the combined treatment of cognitive behavioral therapy with antidepressant medications. | Other: Combined Treatment without Personalization<br>* Intervention involves a video describing the combination of cognitive behavior therapy and antidepressant medication without a message about personalization.<br>|
| Experimental: Combined Treatment with Personalization<br>Video provides information on the combined treatment of cognitive behavioral therapy with antidepressant medications and describes how treatment can be personalized. | Other: Combined Treatment with Personalization<br>* Intervention involves a video describing the combination of cognitive behavior therapy and antidepressant medication with a message about personalization.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Regressed change from baseline in expectations on the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) | The CEQ is a validated, commonly used measure assessing views of the credibility and expectations for benefit from a treatment. | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed immediately pre- and post-intervention (on the same day) | 
| Regressed change from baseline in prognostic pessimism on an adapted version of the Perceptions of Depression Scale (PDS) | Measured using an adapted version of the PDS, a validated scale measuring general prognostic pessimism. Minor changes to wording were made to directly address the three different interventions in the study (CBT, ADM, Combined Treatment). | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed immediately pre- and post-intervention (on the same day) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Regressed change from baseline in affect on the Positive and Negative Affectivity Scale (PANAS) | The PANAS is a widely used measure for positive and negative affect, and has been shown to be valid and reliable. | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed immediately pre- and post-intervention (on the same day) | 
| Regressed Change from baseline on the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) | The BHS is the most widely used measure for hopelessness, and has been shown to be valid and reliable. | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed immediately pre- and post-intervention (on the same day) | 
| Regressed change from baseline in personal and perceived depression stigma on the Depression Stigma Scale (DSS). | The DSS is a valid and reliable measure for assessing personal and perceived stigma related to depression. The scale contains two subscales: personal stigma and perceived stigma. | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed immediately pre- and post-intervention (on the same day) | 
| Regressed change from baseline in beliefs on the etiology of depression on the Reasons for Depression Questionnaire (RFD). | The RFD is a valid and reliable measure for assessing one's beliefs on the etiology of depression. | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed immediately pre- and post-intervention (on the same day) | 
| Willingness to take a next step. | Participants are given the option to learn more about finding cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressant medications, or combination therapy. Based on their responses, they are provided links to relevant websites. This approach has been adopted from traditional marketing research to assess participants' responsiveness to a message. | Up to 90 minutes to complete assessment. Assessed at the end of the study questionnaires (same day) | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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depression, treatment preference, treatment information