A Better Way to Decrease Knee Swelling in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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In this study, we compared the effects of intermittent pneumatic compression along with conventional treatment and cold-pack treatment along with conventional treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Official Title
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A Better Way to Decrease Knee Swelling in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Osteoarthritis, Knee

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression
* Other: Cold-pack


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients diagnosed with knee OA according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), and were considered as stage 2 and 3 according to Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria were previous knee surgery, malignancy, circulation disorder, and conditions preventing exercise or causing muscle weakness, pregnancy, diagnosis of mental disorder, scar tissue, or metal implants.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 35 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Cold-pack Group<br>One group received ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, electrical stimulation, exercise, and cold packs | Other: Cold-pack<br>* The group received ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, electrical stimulation, exercise, and cold packs.<br>|
| Experimental: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression<br>The second group received ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, electrical stimulation, exercise, and intermittent pneumatic compression | Other: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression<br>* The group received ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, electrical stimulation, exercise, and intermittent pneumatic compression.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knee Swelling | Knee swelling was measured with a tape measure. | 3 minutes | 
| Pain Intensity | A Visual Analogue Scale was used to measure pain intensity. | 3 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Range of Motion | A universal goniometer was used to measure range of knee flexion. | 3 minutes | 
| Muscle Strength | A digital dynamometer (J-TECH Power Track II Commander, USA) was used to measure quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscle strength. | 10 minutes | 
| Functional Status | The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis (WOMAC) Index was used to evaluate pain, stiffness and physical function. | 10 minutes |