Effect of Power Wheelchairs on the Development and Function of Young Children With Severe Physical Disabilities

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Self-produced locomotion often is limited in children with cerebral palsy and other conditions that cause severe motor impairments. As a result, these children may be at risk for secondary impairments in spatial cognition, communication, social development, and other domains influenced by independent mobility. To compensate, power mobility has increasingly been advocated for young children with severe motor impairments. The study hypotheses were: Children with severe disabilities that prevent independent locomotion who learn to use power mobility devices when they are 14- to 30-months-of-age will have greater communication, social, and cognitive development over a 12-month period, and will demonstrate more competent coping skills than children with the same characteristics who do not use power mobility. Parents of children who use power mobility will view it as a positive influence on their children's lives, and will perceive their children's development to be more mature than the parents of children who do not use power mobility will perceive their children's development.

Detailed Description
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More extensive description is not desired.

Official Title
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Learning Early Travel Skills: Effects of Power Mobility on the Development of Young Children With Severe Motor Impairments

Conditions
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Cerebral Palsy, Child, Preschool

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Power wheelchair
* Other: No power wheelchairs


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 14 to 30 months Motor impairment that prevents functional independent mobility Vision and hearing adequate to use a power mobility device safely. Cognitive abilities assessed to be at least equivalent to a 12-month level or alertness and interest in the environment that suggests a trial of power mobility is warranted.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 14 Months
Maximum Age: 30 Months

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Power wheelchair<br> | Other: Power wheelchair<br>* Children used power wheelchairs for one year. They continued to receive their usual early intervention services.<br>* Other names: Invacare Power Tiger wheelchairs;|
| Other: Control group<br> | Other: No power wheelchairs<br>* Children in the control group did not use power wheelchairs. They continued to receive their usual early intervention services.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory | Items measure mobility, self-care, and social function using a 2-point scale (0 = unable or limited ability; 1 = capable in most situations). Items measure caregiver assistance on a 6-point scale (0 = total assistance; 5 = independent). We used the change in scaled scores in each area and total scores for analyses. Worst possible scaled score is 0 and the best possible score is 100. | Baseline and 12 months | 
| Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) | Items measure adaptive, cognitive, communication, motor, and personal-social development using 3-point ordinal scales (0 = does not complete; 1 = partially completes; 2 = completes item). We used change in age equivalent scores for each area and the total scores for analyses. The worst possible scores are 0 months age equivalent and the best possible scores are 95 months age equivalent. | Baseline and 12 months | 
| Early Coping Inventory | We used the reactive and self-initiated behavior scales. We used change in raw scores for analyses. The worst possible raw score for each scale is 16 and the best possible score is 80. | Baseline and 12 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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cerebral palsy, wheelchair, disabled children