Group-based Positive Psychotherapy in Psychological Resilience of Only-Child-Lost People

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of group-based positive psychotherapy on psychological resilience, depression, well-being, sleep quality, dehydroepiandrosterone in only-child-lost people. A total of 80 only-child-lost people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were expected to recruit. There were six weeks in the intervention, including positive introduction, positive reaction, gratitude, meaningful, three good things, and using personal strength. The measurements were conducted at the baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention.

Official Title
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The Impact of Group-based Positive Psychotherapy in Psychological Resilience of Only-child-lost People: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Resilience, Psychological, Bereavement, Mental Health

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Positive Psychotherapy
* Other: Usual Care


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: having only one child or legally adopting; No surviving children; basic language expression and comprehension skills; the score of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale is lower than 82 Exclusion Criteria: in the acute bereavement period (<6 months); unable to participate in activities due to severe physical illness; having diagnosis of sever mental illness; receiving other psychological therapy.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 49 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Positive Psychotherapy group<br> | Behavioral: Positive Psychotherapy<br>* A 6-week group-based positive psychotherapy was conducted in this group. The themes of each week include positive introduction, three good things and positive reactions, gratitude, positive memory, identifying personal strengths and utilizing strengths.<br>|
| Other: Control group<br>Usual Care means treating as usual, including a regular home visit. | Other: Usual Care<br>* Usual Care means treating as usual, including a regular home visit.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of psychological resilience | It is assessed by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. A higher score suggests a higher level of psychological resilience. The range is 0-100. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change of depressive symptoms | It is measured by Zung Self-rating Depression Scale with a higher score suggesting a more severe of depressive symptoms | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention | 
| Change of index of well-being | It is measured by Campbell's Index of Well-being. A high score indicates a high level of well-being. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention | 
| Change of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in saliva | Saliva is collected using a saliva collector and assayed using the Elisa assay. After the specimens were collected, they were tested with the Elisa kit of Salimetrics® according to its instructions. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention | 
| Change of Sleep Quality | It is measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. If the total score is over 7, the sleep quality is normal, and if the score is over 7, it suggests a low sleep quality | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention | 
| Change of Social Avoidance and Social Distress | It is measured by Social Avoidance and Distress Scale. A high score indicates a high level of social avoidance and social distress. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3-month after the intervention |