Sleep and Girls' Emotions Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study evaluates whether increasing sleep duration can increase neural and behavioral response to rewards and decrease depressive symptoms in 18- to 22-year-old women with insufficient sleep and depressive symptoms.

Official Title
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The Contribution of Stressful Life Events and Insufficient Sleep to Reward-Related Brain Function and Depression in Adolescent Girls

Conditions
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Depression

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Typical sleep opportunity
* Behavioral: Extended sleep opportunity


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Insufficient sleep (total sleep time < 8 hours per night, with sleepiness scores ≥ 6 on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale OR ≥ 16 on the PROMIS Sleep Related Impairment Scale) Symptoms of depression (≥ 15 on the Center for Epidemiological Studies for Depression Scale) Exclusion Criteria: Current insomnia, hypersomnia, sleep disordered breathing, sleep movement disorder, or circadian rhythm disorder History of head injury with loss of consciousness within the past two years History of head injury with loss of consciousness two or more years ago and meet criteria for post concussion syndrome Neurological disorder Use of psychiatric medications Current psychotic symptoms Active suicidal ideation Conditions that are contraindicated for MRI (e.g., ferromagnetic material in the body) Meet criteria for current substance use disorder with greater than mild severity

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 22 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Extended sleep opportunity<br> | Behavioral: Extended sleep opportunity<br>* Extended sleep opportunity by 90 min per night with consistent sleep timing for 1 week<br>|
| Active Comparator: Typical sleep opportunity<br> | Behavioral: Typical sleep opportunity<br>* Typical sleep opportunity with consistent sleep timing for 1 week<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Depressive symptoms | Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale score. The CESD-R is a 20-item measure of the frequency of depressive symptoms, with each item rated on a scale from 0 (not at all or less than one day) to 5 (nearly every day). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater number and frequency of depressive symptoms. | 1 week | 
| Reward-related brain function | BOLD fMRI response during Reward Guessing Task | 1 week | 
| Sleep duration | Mean actigraphy-measured sleep duration | 1 week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Positive affect | International Positive and Negative Affect Scale Short Form - Positive Affect score. The I-PANAS-SF is a 10-item scale that asks participants to rate the extent to which 5 positive and 5 negative adjectives describe them on a scale of 1 (never) to 5 (always). Scores for each positive adjective are summed to produce a Positive Affect (PA) score ranging from 5 to 25, with higher scores indicating more positive affect. | 1 week | 
| Negative affect | International Positive and Negative Affect Scale Short Form - Negative Affect score. The I-PANAS-SF is a 10-item scale that asks participants to rate the extent to which 5 positive and 5 negative adjectives describe them on a scale of 1 (never) to 5 (always). Scores for each negative adjective are summed to produce a Negative Affect (PA) score ranging from 5 to 25, with higher scores indicating more negative affect. | 1 week | 
| Reward effort | Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task score | 1 week | 
| Reward-related functional connectivity | BOLD fMRI psychophysiological striatal-medial prefrontal cortex interaction | 1 week |