Assessment of Coagulation Profile and Haematopoietic Responses in Patients With Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure During Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIRS) and Sepsis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study attempts to clarify the pathophysiology of haemostasis and haematopoiesis in relation to the evidence of sepsis in liver disease, and compares the accuracy of various available laboratory tests in assessment of these patients. Further research is needed for proper understanding of the influence of sepsis on coagulation disorders in ACLF (Acute on Chronic Liver Failure) patients in particular, to correctly identify the type and optimal quantity of blood product requirement in at risk patients. Thromboelastography (TEG) /Sonoclot have been proposed as a superior tool to rapidly diagnose and help guide resuscitation with blood products. Secondly, the study of derangement in coagulopathy after the onset of sepsis is of paramount importance because of increased mortality after the onset of sepsis. In the present study, patients with ACLF (Acute on Chronic Liver Failure) without evidence of sepsis on admission will be included in the study cohort, and will undergo a baseline diagnostic workup as described. They will be followed for development of any signs of infection after hospitalization. Then the effect of sepsis on their coagulation and haematopoietic cellular responses will be assessed. Thus the effect of sepsis on the progression and outcome of patients with ACLF (Acute on Chronic Liver Failure) will be studied.

Official Title
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Assessment of Coagulation Profile and Haematopoietic Responses in Patients With Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure During Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIRS) and Sepsis

Conditions
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Acute on Chronic Liver Failure

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Sonoclot/TEG test


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age 18-65 years ACLF (Acute on Chronic Liver Failure), as diagnosed by APASL (Asian Pacific association of Study of Liver Disease) criteria mentioned above. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with evidence of sepsis at presentation. Current therapy: Recent blood or blood component transfusion in the last 2 days. HIV positive/ AIDS patients Patients requiring anti platelet therapy, Renal insufficiency requiring dialysis Active malignancy within the last 5 years Patient with other neurological disease and metabolic disorders, unbalanced heart failure and/or respiratory failure or end-stage renal disease Administration of anticoagulants, antifibrinolytics, Not willing to participate in the study Pregnancy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease<br>Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease patients will be enrol | Other: Sonoclot/TEG test<br>* The Sonoclot/TEG test will be done at the study time points. Within 12 hours of presentation in the emergency department, at 72 hours, and at 7 days, or when the patient meets the study criteria for suspected or proven sepsis<br>|
| Healthy Controls<br>Healthy Controls will be enrol | Other: Sonoclot/TEG test<br>* The Sonoclot/TEG test will be done at the study time points. Within 12 hours of presentation in the emergency department, at 72 hours, and at 7 days, or when the patient meets the study criteria for suspected or proven sepsis<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence and severity of coagulation profile derangement and haematopoietic responses, by sonoclot/ TEG, coagulation and hematological parameters, in acute- on-chronic liver failure with and without systemic inflammatory response. |  | 0 day, 3 day & 7 day after admission. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Utility of sonoclot/ TEG in predicting blood product utilization. | Reporting of blood product usage in 7 days of admission as per TEG R time, K time, Maximum amplitude of curve, angle, lysis at 30%. | 0 day, 3 day & 7 day after admission. | 
| Sonoclot/TEG result indicating hypocoagulability correlates with the patient's tendency to bleed in ACLF. | Reporting of number and site of bleed- skin, mucosa, urine, GI tract, CNS etc. | 0 day, 3 day & 7 day after admission. | 
| Changes in baseline coagulation profile can predict development of sepsis in patients of ACLF. | Correlation of PT/INR with TEG parameters and positive blood or urine culture. | 0 day, 3 day & 7 day after admission. | 
| Coagulation dysfunction (prothrombotic and anticoagulant tendencies) in patients with ACLF with or without evidence of sepsis. |  | 0 day, 3 day & 7 day after admission. | 
| Effect of sepsis on the haematopoietic response of patients with Acute on Chronic Liver Failure. | Measurement of reticulocyte count, and peripheral amear- presence of toxic granules. | 0 day, 3 day & 7 day after admission. |