Reference Values and Determinants of Hydration in Children 3-13 y

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Purpose: Develop reference values for hydration biomarkers for children of 3 to 13 years old Explore the association between children's and parents' hydration markers and fluid intake habits in children aged 3-13 y Evaluate the equivalence of spot urine osmolality to 24h urine osmolality in children aged 3-13 y Evaluate the differences in hydration markers between school and non-school days in children aged 3-13 y Examine the role of different foods and fluids on hydration in children (3-13 y) and parents

Detailed Description
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Recent studies in children have indicated that greater water intake and/or lower urine concentration are associated with better overall nutrition, increased physical activity, improved mood state, and enhanced cognition; which is specifically related to superior attention and memory when compared to sub-optimally hydrated children. Separately, ancillary water is being investigated as a potential treatment possibility for pediatric obesity. Although, causality cannot be directly confirmed, it is apparent that ample water intake in children, above and beyond the body's compensatory mechanisms, is preferable for psychological and physiological health. However, the prevalence of failure to meet water recommendations and hypohydration in children remains high. Still it is unclear if elevated hypohydration reports within the pediatric population are due to a general failure of children to meet water recommendations, or due to inadequacy of the published guidelines

Official Title
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Reference Values and Determinants of Hydration in Children 3-13 y

Conditions
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Dehydration

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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INCLUSION CRITERIA: Boys and girls aged 3-13 years old Parent willing to participate as a subject as well Parents: aged 20-50 Children and parents willing to collect urine samples and store them at room temperature Avoid strenuous exercise on day of collection Parent: included if >50% of grocery shopping, food preparation, and feeding is handled by this parent EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Parents & Children: Evidence of clinically relevant metabolic, cardiovascular, hematologic, hepatic, gastrointestinal, renal, pulmonary, endocrine or psychiatric history of disease, based on the medical history questionnaire Use of medication that interferes with water metabolism Surgical operation on digestive tract (e.g. bariatric surgery), except possible appendectomy Regular drug treatment within 15 days prior to start of the study Not willing to refrain from exercise on the day before and during urine collection Unwilling to collect urine Inability to participate in the entire study Pregnancy for females Children: Use of Diapers Enuresis or use of nappies during the day or during the night

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 3 Years
Maximum Age: 13 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Healthy Kids 3-13 y<br>Healthy boys and girls of 3-13 y of age | |
| Parents 20-50 y<br>One of their Parents 20-50 y of age | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Urine Hydration Biomarkers | 24 h urine osmolality (mmol/kg water) for children (3-13 y) and one of their parents's | May 2019 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Physical Activity | Physical activity levels assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for both kids and parents, expressed as MET-min/week | May 2019 | 
| Anthropometric Assessment | Body mass index (kg/m2) | May 2019 | 
| Socioeconomic Assessment | Family information for: Income ($) Ethnicity Education Employment status | May 2019 | 
| Water intake | Dietary water intake (L) | May 2019 | 
| Energy intake | Caloric Intake (kcal) | May 2019 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Urine Biomarkers, Child Nutrition, Hydration, Parent Nutrition Habits