COVID-2019 Testing and Vaccination Among African American and Latinx Public Housing Residents

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This proposal seeks to enhance acceptability and uptake of COVID-19 testing and vaccination to engage African American and Latinx public housing residents in South Los Angeles. Given the multiple disparities experienced by public housing residents, the investigators will utilize a theoretically-based, multidisciplinary and culturally tailored intervention to reduce barriers and implement innovate strategies to engage this population in the uptake of COVID-19 testing and vaccination.

Detailed Description
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Through the engagement and empowerment of 15 trained COVID-19 health ambassadors, the investigators will jointly implement and evaluate a theoretically based and culturally-sensitive socio-behavioral intervention that will: a) reduce mistrust, fatalistic beliefs, and related psychosocial barriers that hinder COVID-19 testing and vaccination; b) increase receptivity and willingness for uptake of COVID-19 testing and vaccination; and c) assess perceived impact of psychosocial and health outcomes related to COVID-19 testing and vaccination for 310 African American and Latinx public housing residents.

Official Title
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Multilevel Participatory Intervention to Reduce Barriers and Promote Social and Behavioral Facilitators of COVID-19 Testing Among African Americans and Latinx Public Housing Residents

Conditions
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Coronavirus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Increasing Willingness and Uptake of COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Identify as Latino/Hispanic or African American/Black Reside in one of the six collaborating public housing 18 years old and older Speak either English or Spanish Exclusion Criteria: Does not self-identify as African American and/or Black Under the age of 18 Unable to speak English or Spanish Does not Reside in one of the six collaborating public housing

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Increasing Uptake of COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination<br>This is a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design to improve COVID-19 associated health outcomes and willingness and uptake toward testing and vaccination among 310 Hispanic and African American public housing residents in South Los Angeles. The proposed intervention will employ (1) culturally sensitive, (2) theoretically based intervention that will be jointly delivered by our COVID-19 health ambassadors and our researchers. We will use the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills (IMB) model and the Transtheoretical Model to implement the intervention. | Behavioral: Increasing Willingness and Uptake of COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination<br>* Provide/enhance knowledge, modify attitudes, motivate and provide skills and resources to reduce COVID-19 related risk and challenges and increase willingness and uptake in COVID-19 testing and vaccination.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence of COVID-19 testing, pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations Using Test History Self-Report | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and six-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 30% change in willingness and uptake for testing and vaccination. | Intervention: 3 months; Follow-up Point: 6 months post-intervention | 
| Percentage of Participants Achieving Decreased Levels of COVID-19 Risk Using the NIH Toolbox Surveys on COVID-19 | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and six-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 30% change in perceived COVID-19 risk. | Intervention: 3 months; Follow-up Point: 6 months post-intervention | 
| Percentage of Participants Achieving Decreased Levels of COVID-19 Mistrust and Barriers Using the NIH Toolbox Surveys on COVID-19 | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and six-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 40% change in mistrust and perceived barriers toward COVID-19 testing and vaccination, | Intervention: 3 months; Follow-up Point: 6 months post-intervention |