Development of a Positive Psychology Intervention to Reduce Suicide Risk

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This pilot study will recruit patients admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit at MGH for suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt. Inclusion criteria will be broad to increase enrollment rates and obtain information for patients with a wide range of diagnoses and illness severity. Enrolled subjects will complete randomly-selected positive psychology exercises daily (on weekdays) until discharge and will rate the exercises in multiple domains. Subjects' participation will be complete at the end of their admission or when all exercises have been completed, whichever comes first. Overall, our goal is to assess the acceptability and utility of eight possible positive psychology interventions related to gratitude, optimism, kindness, mindfulness, recollection, and forgiveness in suicidal inpatients. This is a single-arm study, completed with patients who have been admitted to the hospital for suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt. It is aimed at developing a positive psychology treatment aimed at suicidal patients. The study consists of serial completion of different positive psychology exercises, once daily, during admission, to get subjects' input on their feasibility and impact. This will allow us to work collaboratively to identify the specific exercises that best fit this population. Subjects' participation ends when they are discharged from the hospital. The investigators plan to enroll 30 subjects at MGH (and total) in this study.

Official Title
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Development of a Positive Psychology Intervention to Reduce Suicide Risk

Conditions
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Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Positive Psychology Exercises


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Adult (age 18 and older) admitted to inpatient psychiatric unit at Massachusetts General Hospital Suicidal ideation at time of admission OR Admission occurring in context of suicide attempt Ability to read and write in English Exclusion Criteria: Psychotic symptoms Cognitive disorder

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Positive Psychology Exercises<br> | Other: Positive Psychology Exercises<br>* At each session, the interventionalist will prepare the subject to complete a randomly-selected positive psychology exercise, lasting approximately 20 minutes, within the next 24 hours. He or she will describe the rationale for the exercise and the details of the exercise, and will answer any questions. A sheet with written instructions (matching the verbal instructions) for the exercise will be provided, with space for recording the exercise and an area to provide ratings on the exercise. On the following day, the interventionalist will review the prior day's exercise (and record whether it was completed). The exercises will be completed daily on weekdays for a maximum of 8 days.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Completion of exercises | Exercises assigned each day and assessed for completion the next day (a total of eight exercises) | Every 24 hours until all exercises administered or discharge occurs | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Optimism | Life Orientation Test-Revised | Baseline and on the date of discharge (average length of admission= 2 weeks) | 
| Feasibility and utility of exercises | Self-report using Likert scale | Assessed within 24 hours of exercise completion | 
| Hopelessness | Beck Hopelessness Scale | Baseline and on the date of discharge (average length of admission=2 weeks) |