Effect of Olive Leaves as Hypoglycemic Agents in Diabetic Subjects

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Background: Animal studies indicate that olive leaf extract normalizes blood glucose. We hypothesized that olive leaf extract might be of benefit in human subjects. Methods: A total of 79 adults with diabetes were randomly assigned to treatment with olive leaf extract capsules or matched placebo. Measures of glucose homeostasis including glucose, insulin and HbA1c were measured and compared by treatment group.

Detailed Description
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The present study is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, clinical trial with a 14 week duration. Patients were randomized to treatment with a tablet of olive leaves or matching placebo in 1:1 ratio. Patients were instructed to consume a diet consistent with ADA recommendations and an exercise training program was prescribed. Weight, height, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured in all subjects at the beginning and at the end of the study. Venous blood samples were drawn after an overnight fast of not less than 12 hours. Laboratory tests included fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, insulin, lipid panel and liver and renal function. A total of 79 subjects (51 men, 28 women) aged 18-79 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus, were recruited from and followed up at an outpatient clinic. The subjects were selected from a series of 93 consecutive diabetic patients. Eligible patients had been diagnosed with T2DM for at least 1 year. Subjects were randomized to treatment with olive leaf extract pills (1 500 mg pill daily taken orally) or matching placebo. The intervention was prepared as follows: olive leaves were picked from the Barnea cultivar in the Jezreel Valley region of Israel and immediately freeze-dried on dry ice. After the leaves were thoroughly rinsed with sterile distilled water to remove dust, insecticides, and contaminating material, the leaves were ground and successively Soxhlet extracted with hexane for 3 h and 80% aqueous ethanol for 6 h. The alcoholic extract was concentrated under reduced pressure at 25 °C, and reconstituted with 30% ethanol in water. Olive leaves or placebo tablet was taken once daily orally throughout the study. All subjects continue their stable treatment to diabetes. Data were analyzed using SPSS v10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). Continuous data were described a mean ± standard deviation and compared by treatment assignment using the t-test for independent samples. Associations between continuous variables were described by calculating the Pearson's correlation coefficients. Nominal variables such as sex and treatment assignment are described using frequency counts and compared by treatment assignment using the chi square test (exact as appropriate). All tests are two-sided and considered significant at p<0.05.

Official Title
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A Phase Three Clinical Intervention Trial of Olive Leaves and Their Extracts in Human Diabetic Subjects

Conditions
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Diabetes

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: olive leaf extract
* Other: placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: adults type 2 diabetes Exclusion Criteria: type 1 diabetes

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: olive leaf extract<br>Olive leaf polyphenol concentrate (OLPC) extraction OLPC was prepared from olive leaves as follows (Zaslave et al, 2005) : The leaves were randomly picked from the Barnea cultivar in the Jezreel Valley region of Israel and immediately freeze-dried on dry ice. After the leaves were thoroughly rinsed with sterile distilled water to remove dust, insecticides, and contaminating material, the leaves were ground and successively Soxhlet extracted with hexane for 3 h and 80% aqueous ethanol for 6 h. The alcoholic extract was concentrated under reduced pressure at 25 °C, and reconstituted with 30% ethanol in water. | Dietary Supplement: olive leaf extract<br>* olive leaf extract, 1 pill daily, 500 mg, for a duration of 14 wks<br>* Other names: Olife;|
| Placebo Comparator: placebo<br>matched placebo | Other: placebo<br>* placebo<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Serum glucose | serum glucose | 14 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Plasma insulin | Plasma insulin | 14 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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diabetes, blood glucose, olive leaf extract