Clinical Significance of Retinal Emboli During Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Retinal emboli is a common phenomenon in cardiac catheterization. In this study the investigators evaluate the incidence of retinal emboli post diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization over 300 patients. The incidence was 6.3% and had no clinical sequel on visual acuity and visual field.

Detailed Description
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Background and Purpose Cardiac catheterization may cause retinal embolization, a risk factor for cerebrovascular emboli and stroke. We describe the incidence of clinically silent and apparent retinal emboli following diagnostic and interventional coronary catheterization and associated risk factors. Methods Three hundred selected patients attending a tertiary referral center for diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization were studied. Direct retinal examination and examination of the visual field and acuity were done before and after catheterization by a retinal specialist.

Official Title
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Clinical Significance of Retinal Emboli During Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization

Conditions
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Cardiac Catheterization, Retina, Embolism

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: diagnostic cardiac catheterization
* Procedure: therapeutic cardiac catheterization


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: every patient with diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization Exclusion Criteria: patient refusal to follow up ophthalmology abscence of coronary disease in angiogram abnormal retinal angiogram prior to study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 52 Years
Maximum Age: 68 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: diagnostic cardiac catheterization<br>patients with diagnostic cardiac catheterization | Procedure: diagnostic cardiac catheterization<br>* coronary intervention: angiography<br>|
| Active Comparator: therapeutic cardiac catheterization<br>patient with angioplasty | Procedure: therapeutic cardiac catheterization<br>* cardiac catheterization: angioplasty<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| retinal emboli | retinal emboli detected by retinal especialist by direct examination |  | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| visual field | visual field detected by ophthalmologist |  | 
| visual acuity | snellen chart by ophthalmologist |  | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Catheter, coronary artery disease, embolus, stroke, retinal emboli