Experience With a Robot for Home Care and Its Acceptance by People With Dementia, Caregivers and Dementia Trainers

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Background: Dementia rates are increasing worldwide and consequently burden global healthcare resources to a serious degree. However, there is a declining number of caregivers to provide care. It is for this reason that many new technologies, such as socially assistive robots, have been developed because of their potential to support caregivers in promoting the independence of people with dementia. Most of the (socially assistive) robots have so far been tested for people without dementia in mainly laboratory or institutional settings, like nursing homes. Consequently, there is a lack of knowledge about the possible uses of robots from the perspective of those affected by dementia in real-life/care situations (e.g. at home). Testing in a laboratory setting cannot capture the complexity and high variability of everyday situations occurring during the care of persons with dementia. Methods The design is a mixed method intervention study of a refined socially assistive humanoid robot. In total, three people with dementia, three relatives, three dementia trainers and three professional caregivers were included in the study. Quantitative data of technology acceptance were collected using the Technology Usage Inventory. Qualitative data (main focus: experiences with the robot and handling the robot) were collected by means of observation and qualitative interviews. Movement data of people with dementia were collected by means of the eye camera of the robot. This study helps to further refine and test a socially assistive robot for people with dementia living at home.

Official Title
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Experience With a Socially Assistive Robot for Home Care and Its Acceptance by People With Dementia, Caregivers and Dementia Trainers. A Mixed-method Intervention Study

Conditions
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Dementia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Coach Pepper


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Persons with dementia: adults living at home all types of dementia light and moderate dementia (MMSE 10 and above) light dementia: living alone or with a relative at home (if alone: the relative should live in the neighborhood and be in daily contact with the person with dementia.) moderate dementia: living with a relative at home receive professional and/or non professional care or no care speak and understand German have no physical, auditory or visual restrictions, as this would make the application of the interventions impossible do not take any dementia-specific medication or have been taking dementia-specific medication for at least 3 months; condition stable and no change expected during the study period do not take antipsychotic and antidepressant medication or have been taking them for at least 14 days before study start children and pets in the household after previous individual discussion Relatives: relatives of the participating persons with dementia (adults) relatives means family members, like spouse, daughter, aunt, ... or significant others like friends and neighbors living or not living with the person with dementia in the same household (in the case of moderate dementia, relatives must live in the same household) person with dementia receives or receives no professional care the relative provides or does not provide care If the person with dementia receives paid 24-hour care (regardless of whether they have mild or moderate dementia), a relative still has to be recruited as a participant (This relative must live in the same house or household and be in daily contact with the person with dementia). speak and understand German Professional caregivers adults nurses speak and understand German Dementia trainers adults trained as M.A.S. (Morbus Alzheimer Syndrome) trainer train the participants with dementia at home speak and understand German ExclusioncCriteria: Persons with dementia: known aggressive behavior frontotemporal Dementia

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Interventional Model Description: a humanoid socially assistive robot will be tested for people with dementia
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Coach Pepper<br>Pepper is a humanoid socially assistive robot | Device: Coach Pepper<br>* Robot Peppers's height is 1.20 meters and it weighs 28 kilograms. Pepper will be called Coach Pepper, because it is connected, via web interfaces, with a theratainment app including cognitive and physical training<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Technology acceptance (all participants): Technology Usage Inventory | The questionnaire Technology Usage Inventory measures technology acceptance. It captures technology-specific and psychological factors contributing to the use of a technological device. The questionnaire has 8 dimensions (curiosity:4 items, anxiety:4 items, interest:4 items, usability/user-friendliness: 3 items, immersion:4 items, utility:4 items, skepticism:4 items and accessibility:3 items) with 30 items (7-point Likert scale). For every dimension 1- 21 or 28 points can be obtained. For all dimensions, higher levels on the respective dimension indicate a higher level of expression in the respective construct. | 1 week | 
| Experience with the robot (all participants) | Qualitative interviews with people with dementia. 1 qualitative focus group interview for all other participants. | 1 week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Handling the robot (people with dementia) | Open, 1-hour semi-structured participant observation of people with dementia using the robot at home conducted by nurses. | After 3 days of intervention | 
| Change of mobility (people with dementia) | Movement data collected by the eye camera of the robot. | 1 week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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acceptance, usability, home care, socially assistive robot, humanoid robot, caregivers, dementia trainers, cognitive training, physical training