Proenkephalin for Prediction of Contrast-Associated Kidney Events

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Currently, contrast-induced kidney injury cannot be diagnosed on the day of cardiac catheterization. Recently, proenkephalin (penKid) was introduced as a new glomerular filtration marker. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the change in penKid level allows for early detection of affected patients.

Detailed Description
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Use of contrast media is necessary for diagnostic imaging and percutaneous coronary intervention. However, contrast-induced kidney injury, a complication of contrast use, has been identified as the most frequent cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury and is associated with poor prognosis. Currently, contrast-induced kidney injury cannot be diagnosed on the day of cardiac catheterization or on the following day, when the majority of patients who undergo elective cardiac catheterization are discharged from the hospital in the real-world setting. Recently, proenkephalin (penKid) was introduced as a new glomerular filtration marker, which is capable of identifying normal subjects at high risk of future decline in renal function. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the change in penKid level on the day following cardiac catheterization can predict kidney injury before hospital discharge and thus allows for early detection of affected patients. For this purpose a total of 214 consecutive patients who undergo routine cardiac catherization will be recruited, and blood will be drawn at three time-points: immediately before catherization, 12-24 hours after catheterization and 4-8 weeks after discharge. Creatinine will be measured for endpoint definition, while the markers urea, CRP (C-reactive protein), NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), KIM-1 (kidney injury marker-1), cystatin C, suPAR (soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor), and penKid will be measured as biomarkers of interest. The main outcome measure is sustained kidney injury (SKI), which is defined as an increase above 20% in serum creatinine between time-points 1 and 3. The main test is whether the change in biomarkers between baseline and immediately before discharge (time-points 1 and 2) can predict the development of sustained kidney injury.

Official Title
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Proenkephalin ANd Creatinine in the Prediction of Cardiac Contrast-Associated Kidney Events

Conditions
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Contrast-induced Nephropathy, Acute Kidney Injury, Coronary Artery Disease

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: blood-draw for biomarker analyses


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: > 18 years of age Planned elective or urgent coronary or non-coronary angiography with iodinated contrast media Ability to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Current use of renal replacement therapy/hemodialysis life expectancy < 6 months

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Cohort<br>214 consecutive patients undergoing contrast-enhanced diagnostic and/ or therapeutical intervention in the cath lab of the University Heart Center Hamburg | Diagnostic Test: blood-draw for biomarker analyses<br>* Blood will be drawn at three time-points: immediately before catherization, 12-24 hours after catheterization and 4-8 weeks after discharge. Creatinine will be measured for endpoint definition, while the markers urea, CRP (C-reactive protein), NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), KIM-1 (kidney injury marker-1), cystatin C, suPAR (soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor), and penKid will be measured as biomarkers of interest.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sustained kidney injury | defined as an increase above 20% in serum creatinine | Time period between the two time-points: immediately before catherization and 4-8 weeks after discharge | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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CIN, Coronary Angiography, Contrast, Angiography