Balance Training With Stroboscopic Vision

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Balance training with stroboscopic vision in patients with chronic ankle instability.

Detailed Description
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This study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups consisted in multimodal balance training, multimodal balance training in addition to stroboscopic glasses and control group who received no intervention.

Official Title
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Influence of Stroboscopic Vision on Balance in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability

Conditions
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Ankle Inversion Sprain, Proprioceptive Disorders

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Neuromuscular training
* Other: Stroboscopic glasses


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: a previous episode of ankle sprain in at least 6 months before the beginning of the study a score of 25 or less in the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool no history of others musculoskeletal injuries in the lower limbs Exclusion Criteria: an acute ankle sprain within the last six weeks Recent lower limb surgery

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups consisted in multimodal balance training, multimodal balance training in addition to stroboscopic glasses and control group.
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Neuromuscular training<br>Neuromuscular training consisting of: Single limb balance task. Balance training on an unstable surface. Hop drills. | Other: Neuromuscular training<br>* This intervention consisted of a supervised multimodal exercise protocol addressing different aspects of balance including static and dynamic tasks on the injured ankle. The training program comprised 6 exercises that were progressively adapted depending on the patient's execution controlled by an expert physiotherapist<br>|
| Experimental: Stroboscopic glasses group<br>This group performed the same neuromuscular training with the addition of stroboscopic glasses during the training performance. Single limb balance task. Balance training on unstable surfaces. Hop drills. | Other: Stroboscopic glasses<br>* Patients included in this group performed the same protocol described in the balance training group with the addition of the stroboscopic glasses during the intervention.<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>This group received no intervention | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ankle range of motion | Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was assessed by the weight-bearing lunge test. The patient is positioned in a standing position facing a wall with the involved foot parallel with a tape measure which has been attached to the floor and the opposite leg placed behind in a tandem stance. A forward lunge is performed until the anterior knee tries to make contact with the wall with the heel firmly planted on the ground. | From baseline to six weeks. | 
| Dynamic balance | Dynamic balance has been measured by a simplified version of the Star Excursion Balance Test where the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral reach directions were collected for statistical analysis. | From baseline to six weeks. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Self-reported instability and function | To determine the severity of ankle instability the Cumberland ankle instability tool. This questionnaire is a nine items questionnaire ranged from 0 to 30 (0 related with severe impairment and 30 no subjective instability feeling) and has been reported to be a valid tool with high internal consistency and reliability. | From baseline to six weeks. |