Consequences of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Health and Well-being of Patients With Parkinson Disease and Post-stroke

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study aimed at describing the effects of the COVID-19 social distancing on function, health and well-being of patients with Parkinson's disease or post-stroke, and test the association between the patient activation level and these effects.An anonymous survey was distributed through social media and patient associations.Community-living patients with Parkinson's disease or post-stroke were invited to answer the survey.

Detailed Description
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People with chronic diseases like Parkinson's disease or post-stroke rely on routine medical and rehabilitative care to maintain daily function and health. These are important aspects of self-management. However, this was challenged by the social distancing due to COVID-19, which limited participation in regular routines. The study objectives were: To (1) describe the effects of the COVID-19 social distancing on function, health and well-being of patients with Parkinson's disease or post-stroke, and (2) test the association between the patient activation level and these effects. Community-living patients with Parkinson's disease or post-stroke were invited to answer an anonymous survey through social media and patient associations. Part 1 included 27 multiple-choice questions regarding current status and changes in function, health, medical care and well-being. Part 2 consisted of the Patient Activation Measure, describing people's knowledge, skill, and confidence in managing their own health.

Official Title
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Consequences of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Health and Well-being of Patients With Parkinson Disease and Post-stroke

Conditions
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Parkinson Disease, Stroke

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: exposure


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: People diagnosed with Parkinson's disease or their caregivers, or people post-stroke or their caregivers Live in the community If a family member or caregiver completed the survey, we asked them to answer in reference to the patient. Exclusion Criteria: diagnosis of COVID-19 hospitalization in the last 3 months.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: exposure|Exposure to social distancing due to COVID-19|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Patient Activation Measure (PAM®) | The PAM is a self-reported validated, licensed tool to measure a patient's knowledge, skills and confidence for self-management. The overall score captures the extent to which people feel engaged and confident in taking care of their health condition. It consists of 13 statements rated on a Likert scale according to agreement. Scores are divided into 4 levels, where 1 represents patients who tend to be passive and feel overwhelmed managing their own health, and 4 represents patients who have effectively adopted self-management behaviors. We used a validated licensed Hebrew and version of the PAM supplied by Insignia Health (https://www.insigniahealth.com/products/pam-survey), which holds the copyright to the questionnaire. | 1 hour | 
| Answers to multiple-choice questions | participants were asked to answer 27 multiple-choice questions regarding status and change in status of mobility, mood (depression, anxiety), tiredness, social support, body weight, physical activity, rehabilitative treatments and disease symptoms | 1 hour |