Biomarkers to Predict the Response to Pembrolizumab in Chinese NSCLC Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Pembrolizumab is approved for advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. However, the response rate is low (around 10-15 %) in patients treated in Macau SAR, China. The investigators hypothesize CD38 expressing cells and/or other immune populations will help to predict response.

Detailed Description
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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, the overall survival rate is low. Recently, using anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy for treatment of cancer shows promising in some types of cancer, including melanoma, head and neck squamous cell cancer, and lung cancer etc. Pembrolizumab is a FDA-approved anti-PD-L1 drug for treatment of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. In China, it is approved for used in Macau and Hong Kong. Biomarkers associated with predictive response includes PD-L1 high expression, high mutational burden, and T-cell infiltration based on several clinical trial studies in the western countries. However, the response rate is low (around 10-15 %) in patients treated in Macau SAR, China. The investigators hypothesize that immunophenotying, molecular analysis and functional characterization of CD38 expressing cells and/or other immune populations CD38 will help to identify predictive, Progression and resistance markers associated with PDL1 treatment response. The investigators will collect the blood samples of Pembrolizumab response and non-response Chinese lung cancer patients and compare the imumnophenotypic and molecular dynamic changes during treatment courses. The investigators will also examine the role of CD38 and other molecular markers associated with Pembrolizumab response, functional characterize in vitro. The molecular mechanism controlling Pembrolizumab response will be better understood for designing a better treatment strategy.

Official Title
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Immunophenotyping, Molecular Analysis and Functional Characterization of Cluster of Differentiation Expressing Cells and/or Other Immune Populations in Response to Pembrolizumab in Chinese NSCLC Patients

Conditions
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NSCLC Stage IV

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Pembrolizumab


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Above 18 years of age Locally advanced (stage IIIB) or metastatic (stage IV) NSCLC, not amenable to curative surgery or radiotherapy With PD-L1test available Progressed on previous treatment, or treatment native patients. Patients may have also received additional lines of treatment Received pembrolizumab treatment in the participating site. Exclusion Criteria: Enrollment in studies that prohibit any participation in this observational study No serum samples available

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Pembrolizumab<br>Chinese lung cancer patients who will receive pembrolizumab will be enrolled in this study. Clinically, the treatment course of pembrolizumab is depended on the efficacy, but average cycle is about 3-4 weeks and patient will receive 6 treatment courses. | Drug: Pembrolizumab<br>* pembrolizumab is a PD-1 inhibitor. Treatment and follow up will be performed at Kiang Wu Hospital in their clinical oncology center. Clinically pathological related information will be recorded.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Overall response rate | To assess the real world effectiveness of pembrolizumab treatment in locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with PD-L1 positive in terms of response rate | Disease response is assessed every 3 weeks for the first 18 weeks and then every 12 weeks until disease progression (worsens) or study completion, an average of 24 months. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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NSCLC, PD-L1, Biomarkers