Alternative Blood Pressure Measurements in OB Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The incidence of obesity has been increasing worldwide. In women with obesity, the anthropometric differences in the distribution of subcutaneous tissue can make accurate measurement of blood pressure difficult. A large upper arm circumference can prevent the use of a brachial artery blood pressure cuff and often prompts the use of alternative methods for blood pressure measurement, including measurements on the wrist or forearm. Outside of the obstetric population, there is evidence that if measurement of the blood pressure at the upper arm is not possible then measurement at the wrist can be used. Despite this evidence in non-pregnant patients, there is limited evidence in pregnancy regarding the accuracy of blood pressure measurements on the forearm or wrist. Accurate measurement of blood pressure is especially important in pregnancy to allow for prompt treatment of severe hypertension and for accurate diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Error in measurement could lead to iatrogenic preterm birth or under treatment of severe hypertension, both which can lead to severe maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Additionally, it is biologically plausible that an increase in subcutaneous edema and vascular changes in pregnancy could lead to a larger discrepancy in blood pressure measurements between upper arm, forearm and wrist measurements. Due to the increasing epidemic of obesity and the increasing need for accurate alternative blood pressure measurements the investigators propose a prospective observational study of pregnant women ≥18 years old admitted to labor and delivery for any indication or seen for prenatal care in OBGYN clinic. A total of 20 women in each BMI class (normal, overweight (25-29.9), class 1 (30-34.9), class 2 (35-39.9), class 3 (>40) will be enrolled (100 total). Participation will include a total of 9 blood pressure measurements, biometric measurements on the patient's upper arm, forearm, and wrist and a brief questionnaire. The investigators hypothesize that there will be a discrepancy between blood pressure measurements on the upper arm and forearm or wrist.

Official Title
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Assessing the Use of Alternative Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement in Obstetric Patients

Conditions
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Obesity, Blood Pressure

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: Blood pressure measurement


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: >=18 years old prenatal care at study hospital english speaking Exclusion Criteria: Age <18 Active upper extremity DVT Inability to measure blood pressure on arm Unable to give consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 89 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Normal weight<br> | Diagnostic Test: Blood pressure measurement<br>* Study subjects will have a total of 9 blood pressure measurements taken (3 on upper arm, 3 on lower arm, and 3 on wrist)<br>|
| Other: Obesity Class 1<br> | Diagnostic Test: Blood pressure measurement<br>* Study subjects will have a total of 9 blood pressure measurements taken (3 on upper arm, 3 on lower arm, and 3 on wrist)<br>|
| Other: Obesity Class 2<br> | Diagnostic Test: Blood pressure measurement<br>* Study subjects will have a total of 9 blood pressure measurements taken (3 on upper arm, 3 on lower arm, and 3 on wrist)<br>|
| Other: Obesity Class 3<br> | Diagnostic Test: Blood pressure measurement<br>* Study subjects will have a total of 9 blood pressure measurements taken (3 on upper arm, 3 on lower arm, and 3 on wrist)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood pressure brachial |  | 1 day | 
| Blood pressure radial |  | 1 day | 
| Blood pressure wrist |  | 1 day |