COVID-19 Impact on the Lombardy Region's Emergency System

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study has 3 main goals: to quantitavely describe the Covid-19 impact on the organization and functioning of the Lombardy's emergency system; to create statistical model able to predict the flow of patients to the emergency room during the epidemic period and their destination (ex: discharge, hospitalization, death); to value the impact on the non Covid-19 patients, both for their possibility to receive medical treatment and as an outcome on their health

Detailed Description
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact that Covid-19 had on the Emergency System of Lombardy. For instance, it affected the job organization and the possibility of responding to general health needs. First of all, the study will consider the calls to the Emergency Medical Service, the number of accesses to the Emergency Department, the waiting time before hospitalization, the ED output home (discharge, hospitalization, death, self-discharge before the end of the visit). Secondly, a statistical model will be implemented, in order to predict the number of patients in need of hospitalization for each day during the pandemic period. This model could help the re-organization of the hospital itself in case of a new Covid-19 outbreak. Finally, it will evaluate the impact on non-Covid patients, to see the difference in the mortality trends and their possiblity to be cured in a proper way.

Official Title
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Tsunami Project - Description and Prediction of COVID-19 Impact on the Lombardy Region's Emergency System

Conditions
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Covid19

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: over 18y Exclusion Criteria: none

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Users of Lombardy Emergency System 2018-2020<br>Adults (affected or not affected by Covid-19) who asked for assistance to the Lombardy region's emergency system during the pandemic period and the previous two years | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Daily calls to the Emergency System | The number of calls to the Lombardy Emergency System will be evaluated daily during the study period | jan 2020 - dec 2020 | 
| Daily count of Emergency Department visits | The number of people accessing to each ED will be evaluated daily | jan 2020 - dec 2020 | 
| Daily average boarding time | The average time between the end of the ED visit and the hospital admission will be measured daily | jan 2020 - dec 2020 | 
| Outcome at ED discharge | Distribution of the ED outcome (home discharge, hospitalization, death, self-discharge before the end of the visit) | jan 2020 - dec 2020 | 
| Mortality | Daily mortality for any cause | jan 2020 - dec 2020 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services