the Effect of Three Different Analgesic Techniques on the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a distressing adverse effect that may result in postoperative complications including bleeding, wound dehiscence, aspiration pneumonitis, as well as fluid and electrolyte imbalances Incidence of PONV after general anesthesia is about 30% in all post-surgical patients but up to 80% in high-risk patients despite advances in anesthetics and anesthesia techniques

Detailed Description
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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a distressing adverse effect that may result in postoperative complications including bleeding, wound dehiscence, aspiration pneumonitis, as well as fluid and electrolyte imbalances. The incidence of PONV after general anesthesia is about 30% in all post-surgical patients but up to 80% in high-risk patients despite advances in anesthetics and anesthesia techniques. Despite new antiemetic drugs the overall incidences remain high especially in subjects with increased patient-related risk-factors such as in female gender, non-smoking status, a history of motion sickness or previous PONV, inhalational anesthetics, certain types of surgery, and opioid use. Scleral buckling (SB) which is still thought to be the most efficacious and cost-effective primary procedure for the treatment of uncomplicated retinal detachment is often associated with postoperative pain as well as nausea and vomiting. Preoperative injections of local anesthetics via retrobulbar, peribulbar, or subtenon routes in patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery under general anesthesia (GA) have been reported to reduce postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. Topical lidocaine drops have also has been used intraoperatively to decrease the incidence and severity of the OCR and to prevent pain and PONV after strabismus surgery and vitrectomy without scleral buckling . The current study was designed to compare the effect of three different analgesic techniques ; IV analgesia , peribulbar block and topical xylocaine jel on the incidence of ponv after scleral buckling under general anesthesia.

Official Title
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Comparative Study of the Effect of Three Different Analgesic Techniques on the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Scleral Buckling Under General Anesthesia

Conditions
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Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Dexmedetomidine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: males or females aged between 18-80 years ASA physical status Ι&II -indicated for repair of retinal detachment with scleral buckling. - Exclusion Criteria: Patients with cardiac, liver and/or kidney diseases coagulation defects or receiving anticoagulants hypersensitivity to the used drugs history of motion sickness or PONV diabetes mellitus gastrointestinal disease smokers menstruating ladies ASA status more than II

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Group 1<br>GA and Dexmedetomidine | Drug: Dexmedetomidine<br>* Dexmedetomidine will be given with GS<br>* Other names: Dexmedetomidine with scleral buckling;|
| group 2<br>GA and peribulbar | |
| group3<br>GA and xylocaine gel | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| PONV | incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting | 8 hours post operative | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Nausea, vomiting