PREDICT Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The overall objective of this study is to establish a personalized test to measure individualized cytomegalovirus (CMV) specific immunity in lung transplant recipients in an effort to guide antiviral prophylaxis duration in clinical practice. Targeted participants are those: enrolled in clinical research study CTOT-20 (Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT02631720) who are CMV recipient positive by serology as determined using methods in accordance with current local organ procurement organization policies.

Detailed Description
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus. The virus is spread from one person to another through infected body fluids. In those with a normal immune system, CMV does not cause much of a problem. The immune system keeps the virus under control so most people do not have any symptoms. Once infected, the virus usually stays dormant (inactive) in the body for a person's entire life. This means some of the cells in the body are infected and the virus can become active again. Lung transplant recipients take anti-rejection medicines to prevent the body from rejecting the transplanted lung(s). Although anti-rejection medications help protect the transplanted lung(s) from the body's immune system, these medications also decrease the body's ability to fight infections. This reduces the immune system's ability to control viruses like CMV. Many transplant recipients take an antiviral medication early after transplant to help the body control the CMV virus. This is the time that risk of infection would be highest. Sometimes recipients get an active CMV infection after stopping these medicines. If this happens, the infection is treated and monitored. In this study, investigators are trying to determine whether a blood test can predict development of active CMV infection in lung transplant recipients. Specifically, the clinical research study will prospectively assess the performance of an immune signature based on the ex vivo measurement of T cell CMV specific immunity in predicting freedom from future CMV infections among recipient positive (R+) lung transplant participants receiving standard durations of valganciclovir prophylaxis.

Official Title
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Prospective Multicenter Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Specific Immune Monitoring to Predict Patient Risk After Lung Transplantation (CTOT-22)

Conditions
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Lung Transplant

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Procedure


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Individuals who meet all of the following criteria are eligible for enrollment as study participants: Must be able to understand and provide written informed consent; Anticipated listing for lung transplantation OR listed for lung transplant OR is within 45 days of having received a single or bilateral cadaveric donor lung transplant; Undergoing first lung transplant operation; Transplant surgery to be performed or performed at enrolling center; Concurrent participation in CTOT-20 (Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT02631720); and CMV-seropositive lung transplant recipient, using methods in accordance with current local organ procurement organization policies. Note: Concurrent participation in immune monitoring studies or interventional device trials are permitted. Exclusion Criteria: Individuals who meet any of the following criteria are not eligible for enrollment as study participants: Unwilling to enroll in CTOT-20 (Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT02631720); Multi-organ recipient; Prior recipient of any solid organ transplant, including prior lung transplant; Prior or concurrent recipient of bone marrow transplant; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection; Pregnant or planned pregnancy; Any condition that, in the investigator's opinion, would make it unlikely for the recipient to complete follow up procedures or complete the study; or Participation in an investigational drug trial at the time of enrollment visit.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| CMV+ First Lung Transplant Recipients<br>Participants enrolled in one of four North American sites in clinical research study CTOT-20 (Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT02631720) who are cytomegalovirus positive by serology (e.g., CMV Recipient positive). | Other: Procedure<br>* Serial blood draws. Participants will be enrolled either pre-transplant or within 45 days post-transplant and will be followed over the course of 18 months post transplant. Protocol mandated serial measurement of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific immune signature will occur pre-transplant (as applicable) and at post-transplant timepoint months 2, -3, -6, -9, -12 and -18.<br>* Other names: Venipuncture;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Time from CMV Prophylaxis Discontinuation Post-Transplant to First Detection of CMV Infection or CMV Disease within 6 months Post CMV Prophylaxis Discontinuation | Participants will be evaluated for CMV infection or disease according to each center's standard of care clinical protocol. All centers have aligned their clinical practice to include, at a minimum, a CMV infection and a CMV disease assessment at the time of prophylaxis discontinuation, monthly for the first 6 months after discontinuation, and quarterly after that up to 18 months post transplantation. | From CMV Prophylaxis Discontinuation to 6 Months Post CMV Prophylaxis Discontinuation | 
| Time from CMV Prophylaxis Discontinuation Post-Transplant to First Detection of CMV Infection or CMV Disease Within 18 Months Post-Transplant | Participants will be evaluated for CMV infection or disease according to each center's standard of care clinical protocol. All centers have aligned their clinical practice to include, at a minimum, a CMV infection and a CMV disease assessment at the time of prophylaxis discontinuation, monthly for the first 6 months after discontinuation, and quarterly after that up to 18 months post transplantation. | From CMV Prophylaxis Discontinuation to 18-Months Post-Transplant | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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cytomegalovirus (CMV), CMV seropositive positive recipient, CMV infection, CMV-specific immunity, Study co-enrollment (CTOT-20 and CTOT-22), immunologic monitoring