Isometric Exercises in Healthy Elderly Individuals

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A total of 58 participants were selected and divided into two groups equally, namely, elderly, and young groups with the age groups of 60-80 years and 20-30 years, respectively. The Heart Rate (HR), Respiratory Rate (RR), Blood Pressure (BP), Oxygen Saturation (SaO2), and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) for each participant were assessed before and after the treatment session.

Detailed Description
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The elderly participants in the experimental group and the young participants in the control group underwent a single session of 5-minute quadriceps isometric exercise. The participant was asked to take rest of 10 minutes before performing the exercise. After that, the exercise was performed from a long-sitting position.

Official Title
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Effects of a Single Session of Knee Isometric Exercises on Blood Pressure in Healthy Elderly: A Clinical Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Exercises
* Other: Young isometric exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: The inclusion criteria were normotensive males and females in the above age groups. Exclusion Criteria: Participants with a chronic history of alcohol, smoking, resting tachycardia (>100 beats per min), hypertension, history of any other cardiovascular disorders, any peripheral vascular disease, those on a regular exercise program, and uncooperative participants.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Elderly isometric exercise<br>Quadriceps isometric exercise. | Other: Exercises<br>* The elderly participants in the experimental group underwent a single session of 5-minute quadriceps isometric exercise. The participant was asked to take a rest of 10 minutes before performing the exercise. After that, the exercise was performed from a long-sitting position.<br>* Other names: Elderly isometric exercise;|
| Active Comparator: Young isometric exercise<br>Quadriceps isometric exercise. | Other: Young isometric exercise<br>* The young participants in the experimental group underwent a single session of 5-minute quadriceps isometric exercise. The participant was asked to take a rest of 10 minutes before performing the exercise. After that, the exercise was performed from a long-sitting position.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Blood Pressure (BP) | Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured by a trained physiotherapist in the right upper arm using an appropriate-sized cuff at the baseline and the end of the intervention using an automated Dinamap MPS Select device (Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ). | Change from baseline blood pressure at 1 day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Respiratory Rate (RR) | Respiratory rate was assessed by visually observe for 30 seconds and multiply observed breaths by 2 to obtain breaths per minute (BPM). | Change from baseline respiratory rate at 1 day | 
| Oxygen Saturation (SaO2) | Oxygen saturation was recorded using a finger pulse oximeter. The sensor was placed on the right index finger, and the values were recorded after at least two minutes. | Change from baseline oxygen saturation at 1 day | 
| Heart Rate (HR) | Heart rate was recorded using a finger pulse oximeter. The sensor was placed on the right index finger, and the values were recorded after at least two minutes. | Change from baseline heart rate at 1 day | 
| Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) | Mean arterial pressure was calculated MAP as diastolic blood pressure (DBP) + 1/3 [systolic blood pressure (SBP) - DBP]. | Change from baseline mean arterial pressure at 1 day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Blood pressure, Isometric exercise