Effects and Mechanisms of n-3 PUFAs and Irisin on Abnormal Glucose Metabolism After GDM.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between n-3 PUFA and irisin in regulating the glucose metabolism in GDM patients.

Detailed Description
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes in women. Studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are associated with improving insulin resistance and prevent type 2 diabetes in the general population; a newly discovered myokine, irisin, is associated with reduced insulin resistance and plays an important role in human glucose metabolism; and results from cell studies suggested that n-3 PUFA might increase the expression of irisin. Therefore, the investigators hypothesize that n-3 PUFA could improve glucose metabolism via the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT insulin signaling pathway by increasing expression of irisin and thus improving postpartum glucose metabolism in women with GDM. In order to test this hypothesis, the investigators plan to establish a prospective GDM cohort and collect related information at 24-28 weeks' gestation, 42 days postpartum, 1 year postpartum and 2 years postpartum, respectively. Then the following would be tested: the changes of n-3 PUFA and irisin during pregnancy and after delivery, and their association with postpartum abnormal glucose metabolism; and the correlation of n-3 PUFA and irisin. Furthermore, using a cell model of insulin resistance the investigators would examine the dose-response and time-response relationships between n-3 PUFA and irisin, and next explore the role of irisin in n-3 PUFA regulation of IRS-1/PI3K/AKT insulin signaling pathway. This study would help to clarify the relationship between n-3 PUFA and irisin in regulating the glucose metabolism, and might provide scientific evidence for the prevention of type 2 diabetes after GDM.

Official Title
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Effects and Mechanisms of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Irisin on the Incidence of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism After Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Conditions
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: n-3 PUFAs consumption and irisin


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were screened by The Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus in China in 2014. Exclusion Criteria: age < 20 years or ≥ 45 years; women with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, blood disease and polycystic ovary syndrome before pregnancy; multiple pregnancy and assisted reproductive technology pregnancy; women with severe postpartum endocrine disorders and diseases, such as pancreatitis, hyperthyroidism, nephritis; infection during pregnancy.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 44 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| gestational diabetes mellitus<br>The investigators plan to establish a prospective GDM cohort and collect n-3 PUFAs consumption and irisin information at 24-28 weeks'gestation, 42 days postpartum, 1 year postpartum and 2 years postpartum, respectively. | Other: n-3 PUFAs consumption and irisin<br>* The investigators plan to collect n-3 PUFAs and irisin information at 24-28 weeks' gestation, 42 days postpartum, 1 year postpartum and 2 years postpartum<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| postpartum glucose metabolism | We will measure the glucose metabolism by OGTT. | during 2 years postpartum | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, irisin