Preventive Sodium Lactate and Traumatic Brain Injury

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of preventive intravenous infusion of half molar sodium lactate on the onset of hypertensive intracranial episodes in severe head trauma. The investigators hypothesize that preventive intravenous administration of sodium lactate will decrease the number of treatments required to decrease intracranial pressure during 48 hours.

Detailed Description
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Intracranial hypertension is the most severe complication of severe head injury. This may lead to cerebral death or severe neurological outcome. To improve the prognosis of these patients,intracranial pressure must be maintained in normal range while maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure. Among numerous strategies, osmotherapy is frequently proposed to decrease intracranial pressure, using mannitol or hypertonic saline. Recently, it has been found that hypertonic sodium lactate infusion is more efficient to decrease intracranial hypertension compared with an equivalent volemic and osmotic mannitol administration.Thus, we hypothesized that a preventive sodium lactate infusion in severe head trauma could decrease the number of intracranial hypertensive episodes. Methods and Objectives : to compare in a randomized double-blind fashion two group of patients, i.e., those receiving a standard isotonic saline infusion (control group) with those receiving half-molar sodium lactate for 48 hours following admission in ICU. The primary endpoint is the number of any treatment required to control intracranial hypertensive episodes occurring during the first 48 hours following admission in ICU. Secondary endpoints are the effect of sodium lactate infusion on : intracranial pressure evolution;neurological outcome at 6 months (glasgow outcome scale); cerebral blood flow evaluated by transcranial doppler; and daily water balance Protocol consisted to measure as soon as possible baseline intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure, then immediately to begin the administration of 0.5 ml/kg/h intravenous isotonic saline perfusion or half-molar sodium lactate during 48 hours in a randomized double-blind fashion. Management of patients is the same for all patients. Treatment required for intracranial hypertensive episode is decided by a senior physician in charge of the patient. Sample size has been calculated considering that 50% of these patients will develop at least one intracranial hypertensive episode, each of them requiring at least 2 treatments. Based on previous results, we hypothesized that sodium lactate will decrease the number of required treatment by 2, leading to a sample size of 30 patients per group Follow up : 48 hours for treatments of intracranial hypertensive episodes; 6 months for the neurological outcome (glasgow outcome scale)

Official Title
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Effect of Preventive Sodium Lactate Infusion on Intracranial Hypertension in Severe Trauma Tic Brain Injury

Conditions
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Head Trauma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: half molar sodium lactate
* Drug: isotonic sodium chloride


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: severe head trauma with a glasgow coma scale less than 9 Exclusion Criteria: prehospital cardiac arrest severe hemorrhage shock severe circulatory or respiratory failure medullar trauma prehospital osmotherapy

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: half sodium lactate<br>infusion of 0.5 ml/kg/day during 48 hours | Drug: half molar sodium lactate<br>* intravenous infusion of 0.5 ml/kg during 48 hours<br>* Other names: sodium lactate;|
| Active Comparator: isotonic sodium chloride<br>infusion of 0.5 ml/kg during 48 hours | Drug: isotonic sodium chloride<br>* intravenous infusion of 0.5 ml/kg during 48 hours<br>* Other names: sodium chloride;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the number of treatments required for intracranial hypertensive episodes during the first 48 hours following ICU admission |  | 48 hours | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| the neurological outcome at six months evaluated by the glasgow outcome scale |  | 6 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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intracranial hypertension, neurological outcome, osmotherapy