Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immunologic response of the kidney to infection, characterized by the sudden appearance of edema, hematuria, proteinuria and hypertension . It is essentially a disease of childhood that accounts for approximately 90% of renal disorders in children. The disease occurs especially in children between the ages of 2 and 12 years and young adults, and more often in male than in female .

Detailed Description
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Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis are caused by group A beta haemolytic streptococci and follow upper airway infections such as pharyngitis or tonsillitis, by 14 to 21 days and 3-6 weeks after skin infection especially in warmer climates . In recent decades the number of patients with post streptococcal glomerulonephritis has decreased considerably in the United States and Europe industrialized countries. In other parts of the world ,some developing communities. the incidence of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis has remained high. post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is one of the leading cause requiring hospital admissions in children , and it is also an important cause of acute renal failure in developing countries. Though deaths due to this disease are rare, it can cause serious complications such as hypertensive emergency, congestive cardiac failure, renal failure, encephalopathy and retinopathy . Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis can also progress to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis which is defined as''a syndrome that progresses rapidly within a few weeks or months to renal failure and is accompanied by urinary findings of nephritis.'' The clinical concept of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis includes various renal diseases that cause renal function to deteriorate over a subacute course. Necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis is often observed in histopathological findings . Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in the presence of : features of acute nephritic syndrome. evidence of recent streptococcal infection. lower serum complement three levels. Anti streptolysin o titre >200 units/ml was considered as evidence of recent streptococcal infection

Official Title
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Clinical Spectrum and Outcome of Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children .

Conditions
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PSGN - Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: anti streptolysin o titre and serum complement test


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children in the age groups of 2-15 years. presenting with clinical manifestation of acute nephritic syndrome will be included in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Children having history suggestive of chronic renal and cardiac disease in the past Children with congenital renal anomalies . Children with clinical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome . Children with clinical manifestation of acute nephritic syndrome due to other causes .

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 2 Years
Maximum Age: 15 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Diagnostic Test: anti streptolysin o titre and serum complement test|diagnostic lab test|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| number of patients with full recovery or having complication at time of discharge and after 8 week | serum complementary test by ELISA | one year |