5G-based Telerobot-assisted Spine Surgery

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study retrospectively analyzed cases of remote robot-assisted spine surgery performed jointly by the Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Spinal Surgery and partner hospitals, with cases of local orthopedic robot-assisted spine surgeries performed by Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between April 2021 and December 2021.

Detailed Description
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Local orthopedic robot-assisted spine surgeries were performed according to the guidelines for thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement assisted by orthopedic surgical robots. Based on the 5G network, the orthopedic robotic remote surgery platform is built at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, providing primary hospitals with a platform for preoperative consultation, intraoperative communication and surgical robot teleoperation, and postoperative follow-up. With the support of the 5G network, equipment and surgical robots are integrated into the remote surgery service platform, building a high-speed transmission channel between Beijing Jishuitan Hospital and other hospitals.

Official Title
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Clinical Application of 5G-based Telerobot-assisted Spine Surgery

Conditions
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Surgery

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: remote robot-assisted spine surgery


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: patients received remote robot-assisted spinal surgery or local orthopedic robot-assisted spinal surgery; patients had complete medical records and imaging data; patients provided informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: revision surgery; more than four surgical segments; patients with severe comorbidities.
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| remote group<br>Based on the 5G network, the orthopedic robotic remote surgery platform is built at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, providing primary hospitals with a platform for preoperative consultation, intraoperative communication and surgical robot teleoperation, and postoperative follow-up. With the support of the 5G network, equipment and surgical robots are integrated into the remote surgery service platform, building a high-speed transmission channel between Beijing Jishuitan Hospital and other hospitals. | Procedure: remote robot-assisted spine surgery<br>* Based on the 5G network, the orthopedic robotic remote surgery platform is built at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, providing primary hospitals with a platform for preoperative consultation, intraoperative communication and surgical robot teleoperation, and postoperative follow-up. With the support of the 5G network, equipment and surgical robots are integrated into the remote surgery service platform, building a high-speed transmission channel between Beijing Jishuitan Hospital and other hospitals.<br>|
| local group<br>Local orthopedic robot-assisted spine surgeries were performed according to the guidelines for thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement assisted by orthopedic surgical robots. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The accuracy of guide-wire placement or positioning | according to the Gertzbein and Robbins scale, including grade A (screw was completely within the pedicle), grade B (pedicle cortical breach <2 mm), grade C (pedicle cortical breach <4 mm), grade D (pedicle cortical breach <6 mm), and grade E (pedicle cortical breach >6 mm). | 1 month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| operation time | Time from start to finish of surgery | 1 day | 
| complication | Nerve injury, epidural hematoma, and infection | 1 month | 
| network interruptions | failure to establish connection, the interruption of connection and severe delays in connection, and remote surgery abandonment. | 1 day |