COVID-19 Health Messaging Efficacy and Its Impact on Public Perception, Anxiety, and Behavior

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Effective communication is a critical component of managing pandemic outbreaks like COVID-19. This study explores COVID-19 related public knowledge, perceptions, belief in public health recommendations, intent to comply with public health recommendations, trust in information sources and preferred information sources. Participants are invited to include detailed free-text answers to make sure their COVID-19 experiences are heard.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The survey is available online in 23 languages. Free-text responses in native languages are highly encouraged. A robust global response will not only provide invaluable information to inform clinicians, healthcare institutions and governments about how to optimize the content and venue of COVID-19 messaging, but will help write a Story of COVID in the words and languages of people from all over the world.

Official Title
-----------------
COVID-19 Health Messaging Efficacy and Its Impact on Public Perception, Anxiety, and Behavior

Conditions
-----------------
Public Health, Demography, Pandemics, Corona Virus Infection, News, Global Health, Perception

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: 18 years of age Exclusion Criteria: Below 18 years of age

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------
What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Knowledge and Confidence in Knowledge of COVID-19 | Binary knowledge measures (true/false questions pertaining to COVID-19) each have a corresponding 5-point confidence score, the inverse of which generates a weighting variable. Weighted knowledge scores will be analyzed via a generalized linear mixed-methods effects model with a logistic link function and a random effect for the participant, generating a probability of correct response from 0 to 1.0. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Beliefs about the effectiveness of public health recommendations | Participants are asked, Do you think that following these CDC recommendations will decrease the spread of COVID-19 in your community? and select from a 5-point scale, Minimum: 1=certainly not; Maximum: 5 = most certainly. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Intent to comply with public health recommendations | Participants are asked, Will you follow these recommendations? and select from a 5-point scale, Minimum: 1=certainly not; Maximum: 5 = most certainly. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Perception of Risk of COVID-19 and other health threats | Participants are asked, How likely is it that you will be diagnosed with any of the following diseases over the next year? and rate their perceived likelihood of diagnosis for Measles, Flu, Lung Cancer, Ebola and COVID-19 on a 5 point scale. Minimum: 1, very unlikely; Maximum: 5, very likely. Participants are asked, How serious do you think infection with any of the following diseases would be (or is) to your own personal health? and rate their perceived seriousness of diagnosis for Measles, Flu, Lung Cancer, Ebola and COVID-19 on a 5 point scale. Minimum: 1, Not at all Serious; Maximum: 5, Very Serious | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Perceptions of trust in common health information sources | Participants are asked the extent to which they trust common information sources: The World Health Organization, The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the European Commission, the participant's national government, the participant's local government, and the participant's personal healthcare provider. Participants rate on a 5 point scale. Minimum: 1, Not at all; Maximum: 2, Completely. (As these sources are not recognized in all places, participants may select Not Applicable in lieu of ranking. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Single most trusted news source | Participants are asked to identify their single most trusted source of news through selection from a pre-generated list or via free-text. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Intention to change consumption of news because of COVID-19 (yes/no) | Participants are asked if COVID-19 will change how they consume news (y/n) | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| For participants who will change their news consumption, in what way will they change? | Participants who answer, Yes to Outcome 7 are asked to provide a free-text response to describe how their consumption of news will change. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Secondary information sources | Participants are asked to identify all other sources of information via selection from pre-generated menu or free-text. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 
| Concerns about COVID-19 | Free-text response invited to describe their concerns regarding COVID-19. | Through study completion, an average of 3 months. | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Penn State, CHIME, COVID-19 Messaging Study