AR Enhanced Pictorial Warnings on Smoking Cessation

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This pilot randomized controlled trail aims to test the effects of AR enhanced pictorial effects in harms of smoking and benefit of smoking cessation.

Detailed Description
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Conventional health warnings on smoking harms mostly include pictures showing smoking consequences such as lung diseases, peripheral vascular diseases, aging, skin lesions, and benefit of quitting such as improved cardiopulmonary functions, skin conditions and risk of diseases, etc. The effects of the information are limited by the generic messages, unattractive images, and lack of interaction. This proposal aims to enhance the Warn and Advice materials using mobile phone-based augmented reality (AR) technologies to provide personalized, interactive, and attractive images to encourage smokers to quit smoking.

Official Title
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Mobile Phone Based Personalized and Interactive Augmented Reality (AR) Pictures on Enhancing Brief Advice Model for Smoking Cessation: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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Smoking Cessation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Brief AWARD advice and active referral to somking cessation services
* Behavioral: Chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps
* Other: Leaflet
* Behavioral: AR images


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Hong Kong adults aged 18 or above; Smoke at least 1 cigarette daily in the past 30 days; Own a smartphone and familiar with instant messaging apps; Able to read and communicate in Chinese. Exclusion Criteria: Participate in other smoking cessation services or projects

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: AR group<br>Brief AWARD advice + active referral + leaflet + 3 months chat-based support with AR pictures | Behavioral: Brief AWARD advice and active referral to somking cessation services<br>* The AWARD advice includes: (1) Ask about smoking history; (2) Warn about the high risk of smoking; (3) Advise to quit or reduce smoking as soon as possible; (4) Refer smokers to smoking cessation services (with a referral card); (5) Do it again: to repeat the intervention.<br>Behavioral: Chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps<br>* Participants in the intervention group will receive 3 months of chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps (e.g., WhatsApp, WeChat). The support mainly includes (1) regular messages on health warnings, benefits and methods of quitting, coping craving approach, and promotion to use the SC services; (2) real-time, personalized, and interactive behavioral and psychosocial support through Instant Messaging apps.<br>Other: Leaflet<br>* Leaflet on harms of smoking<br>Behavioral: AR images<br>* AR images of the harms of smoking and the benefit of abstinence.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Control group<br>Brief AWARD advice + active referral + leaflet + 3 months chat-based support | Behavioral: Brief AWARD advice and active referral to somking cessation services<br>* The AWARD advice includes: (1) Ask about smoking history; (2) Warn about the high risk of smoking; (3) Advise to quit or reduce smoking as soon as possible; (4) Refer smokers to smoking cessation services (with a referral card); (5) Do it again: to repeat the intervention.<br>Behavioral: Chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps<br>* Participants in the intervention group will receive 3 months of chat-based support through Instant Messaging apps (e.g., WhatsApp, WeChat). The support mainly includes (1) regular messages on health warnings, benefits and methods of quitting, coping craving approach, and promotion to use the SC services; (2) real-time, personalized, and interactive behavioral and psychosocial support through Instant Messaging apps.<br>Other: Leaflet<br>* Leaflet on harms of smoking<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Self-reported past 7-day point prevalence abstinence | Abstain from smoking in the past 7 days | 3 months after baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Self-reported past 7-day point prevalence abstinence | Abstain from smoking in the past 7 days | 1 months after baseline | 
| Self-reported smoking reduction by at least 50% | Defined by at least 50% reduction in baseline daily cigarette consumption | 3 months after baseline | 
| Self-reported smoking reduction by at least 50% | Defined by at least 50% reduction in baseline daily cigarette consumption | 1 months after baseline | 
| Self-reported quit attempts | Defined by abstinence for at least 24 hours | 3 months after baseline | 
| Self-reported quit attempts | Defined by abstinence for at least 24 hours | 1 months after baseline | 
| Recall of pictorial warnings | Defined by the recall of the quitline on warning pictures | 3 months after baseline | 
| Recall of pictorial warnings | Defined by the recall of the quitline on warning pictures | 1 months after baseline | 
| Attention of pictorial warnings | Defined by notice of pictorial warning | 1 months after baseline | 
| Attention of pictorial warnings | Defined by notice of pictorial warning | 3 months after baseline | 
| Self-reported intention to quit | Defined by readiness to quit in 30 days | 1 months after baseline | 
| Self-reported intention to quit | Defined by readiness to quit in 30 days | 3 months after baseline | 
| Reactions to the pictorial warnings | Defined by behaviors to avoid seeing pictorial warnings | 3 months after baseline | 
| Reactions to the pictorial warnings | Defined by behaviors to avoid seeing pictorial warnings | 1 months after baseline | 
| Perceived effectiveness of AR images | Defined by ratings on the effectiveness of AR images to encourage quitting | 1 months after baseline | 
| Perceived effectiveness of AR images | Defined by ratings on the effectiveness of AR images to encourage quitting | 3 months after baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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smoking cessation, randomized controlled trial, augmented reality, mobile health