Evaluation of Upadacitinib in Adolescent and Adult Patients With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib for the treatment of adolescent and adult participants with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) who are candidates for systemic therapy.

Detailed Description
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This study includes a 35-day screening period, a 16-week double-blind period, a blinded extension period up to Week 260, and a 30-day follow-up visit. Participants who meet eligibility criteria in the main study will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive a daily oral dose of upadacitinib 30 mg or upadacitinib 15 mg or matching placebo. Upon completion of enrollment of 810 participants in the main study, a supplemental study will continue to enroll adolescents (adolescent sub-study) until a total of 180 adolescent participants are enrolled in the overall study (main study + adolescent sub-study). Randomization for the main study will be stratified by baseline disease severity (validated Investigator Global Assessment scale for Atopic Dermatitis [vIGA-AD] score of moderate [3] versus severe [4]), by geographic region (United States [US]/Puerto Rico/Canada, Japan, China, and Other), and by age (adolescent [ages 12 to 17] versus adult [ages 18 to 75]). The separate randomization for the adolescent sub-study will be stratified by baseline disease severity (moderate [vIGA-AD 3] vs. severe [vIGA-AD 4]) and by geographic region (US/Puerto Rico/Canada and Other). At Week 16 of the main study and the adolescent sub-study, participants in the placebo group will be re-randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive daily oral doses of upadacitinib 30 mg or upadacitinib 15 mg in the blinded extension period. In the main study the re-randomization at Week 16 will be stratified by Week 16 50% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI 50] responder [yes/no], geographic region [US/Puerto Rico/Canada, China [Mainland], Japan, and other], and age group [adolescent/adult]. For the adolescent sub-study, the re-randomization will be stratified by EASI 50 responder (Yes/No) and by geographic region (US/Puerto Rico/Canada and Other). Participants originally randomized to upadacitinib will continue upadacitinib in the extension period at the same dose. Starting at the Week 4 visit, rescue treatment for AD may be provided at the discretion of the investigator if medically necessary. The Primary Analysis for the main study will be conducted after all ongoing participants have completed Week 16. In addition, a Primary Analysis for the adolescent population (including the adolescent participants from the main study and the adolescent sub-study) will be conducted after all ongoing adolescent participants have completed Week 16.

Official Title
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A Phase 3 Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate Upadacitinib in Adolescent and Adult Subjects With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis

Conditions
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Atopic Dermatitis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Placebo for Upadacitinib
* Drug: Upadacitinib


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Body weight of ≥ 40 kg at Baseline Visit for participants between ≥ 12 and < 18 years of age Chronic atopic dermatitis (AD) with onset of symptoms at least 3 years before Baseline Visit and subject meets Hanifin and Rajka criteria. Active moderate to severe AD defined by: Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score ≥ 16 at the Screening and Baseline Visits; Validated Investigator's Global Assessment (vIGA) score ≥ 3 at the Screening and Baseline Visits; ≥ 10% Body surface area (BSA) of AD involvement at the Screening and Baseline Visits; Baseline weekly average of daily Worst Pruritus NRS ≥ 4. Candidate for systemic therapy or have recently required systemic therapy for AD Subject has applied a topical emollient (moisturizer) twice daily for at least 7 days before the Baseline Visit. Documented history of inadequate response to topical corticosteroids (TCS) or topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) or documented systemic treatment for AD within 6 months before Baseline Visit Exclusion Criteria: Prior exposure to any Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor Unable or unwilling to discontinue current atopic dermatitis treatments prior to the study Requirement of prohibited medications during the study Other active skin diseases or skin infections requiring systemic treatment or would interfere with appropriate assessment of atopic dermatitis lesions Female subject who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or considering pregnancy during the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 12 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo / Upadacitinib<br>Participants will receive placebo orally once a day (QD) for 16 weeks in the double-blind treatment period. At Week 16 participants will be re-randomized to receive either upadacitinib 15 mg or upadacitinib 30 mg QD up to Week 260. | Drug: Placebo for Upadacitinib<br>* Tablets taken orally once a day<br>Drug: Upadacitinib<br>* Tablets taken orally once a day<br>* Other names: RINVOQ™;|
| Experimental: Upadacitinib 15 mg QD<br>Participants will receive upadacitinib 15 mg orally once a day for up to 260 weeks. | Drug: Upadacitinib<br>* Tablets taken orally once a day<br>* Other names: RINVOQ™;|
| Experimental: Upadacitinib 30 mg QD<br>Participants will receive upadacitinib 30 mg orally once a day for up to 260 weeks. | Drug: Upadacitinib<br>* Tablets taken orally once a day<br>* Other names: RINVOQ™;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving at Least a 75% Reduction in Eczema Area and Severity Index Score (EASI 75) From Baseline at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving Validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis (vIGA-AD) of 0 or 1 With a Reduction From Baseline of ≥ 2 Points at Week 16 | The vIGA-AD is a validated assessment instrument to rate the severity of atopic dermatitis globally, based on the following scale: 0 - Clear: No inflammatory signs of AD; 1 - Almost clear: Barely perceptible erythema, induration/papulation and/or lichenification; 2 - Mild: Slight but definite erythema, induration/papulation and/or minimal lichenification. No oozing or crusting; 3 - Moderate: Clearly perceptible erythema, induration/papulation and/or lichenification, oozing or crusting may be present; 4 - Severe: Marked erythema, induration/papulation and/or lichenification; Oozing or crusting may be present. | Baseline and Week 16 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) at Week 16 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a 90% Reduction From Baseline in EASI Score (EASI 90) at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 4 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 4 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving an EASI 75 Response at Week 2 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. An EASI 75 response is defined as at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from Baseline in EASI score. | Baseline and Week 2 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 1 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 1 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Day 2 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). The percentage of participants who had a 4-point or greater improvement from Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS score at Day 2 was pre-specified as a ranked secondary endpoint for participants in the upadacitinib 30 mg group versus placebo group only. | Baseline and Day 2 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Day 3 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). The percentage of participants who had a 4-point or greater improvement in Worst Pruritus NRS score from Baseline at Day 3 was pre-specified as a ranked secondary endpoint for participants in the upadacitinib 15 mg group versus placebo group only. | Baseline and Day 3 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Flare During the Double-blind Treatment Period | A flare, characterized as a clinically meaningful worsening in EASI, is defined as an increase in EASI score of ≥ 6.6 points from Baseline during the double-blind treatment period and prior to use of any rescue medication. Flare was assessed in participants with an EASI score of 65.4 or less at Baseline. | From first dose of study drug to Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 12 Points From Baseline in Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (ADerm-IS) Sleep Domain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-IS is a 10-item patient reported outcome (PRO) questionnaire designed to assess a variety of impacts that participants experience from their AD. The ADerm-IS sleep domain consists of 3 questions designed to assess the impact of AD on sleep on a daily basis over a 24-hour recall period. The items include difficulty falling asleep, impact on sleep, and waking at night. Each question is scored on an 11-point NRS from 0 (no impact) to 10 (extreme impact). The ADerm-IS sleep domain score is the sum of the 3 item scores and ranges from 0 (no impact) to 30 (worst impact). The ADerm-IS sleep domain was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-IS sleep domain score is 12. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Atopic Dermatitis Symptom Scale (ADerm-SS) Skin Pain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-SS is an 11-item PRO questionnaire designed to assess signs and symptoms that patients may experience due to AD using a 24-hour recall period. For the skin pain item participants were asked on a daily basis to indicate how bad their worst skin pain due to AD was in the past 24 hours on an NRS from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). The ADerm-SS skin pain score was analyzed using weekly rolling averages of daily scores. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-SS skin pain score is 4. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 28 Points From Baseline in ADerm-SS 7-Item Total Symptom Score (TSS-7) at Week 16 | The ADerm-SS is an 11-item questionnaire designed to assess signs and symptoms that participants may experience due to AD using a 24-hour recall period. The 7-item total symptom score includes 7 symptoms (items 1-7 of the ADerm-SS), each assessed on a NRS from 0 (no symptom) to 10 (worst imaginable). The 7 symptoms included in the score are itch while asleep, itch while awake, skin pain (each assessed daily), skin cracking, skin cracking pain, dry skin, and skin flaking (assessed weekly). The TSS-7 score ranges from 0 to 70, with higher scores indicating worsening symptoms. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-SS TSS-7 is 28. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 11 Points From Baseline in ADerm-IS Emotional State Domain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-IS is a 10-item PRO questionnaire designed to assess a variety of impacts that participants experience from their AD. ADerm-IS emotional state sums three items [Items 8-10] measuring self-consciousness, embarrassment, and sadness with a 7-day recall. Each question is scored on an 11-point NRS from 0 (no impact) to 10 (extreme impact). The emotional state domain score ranges from 0 to 30, where higher scores represent worst impact. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-IS emotional state domain score is 11. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 14 Points From Baseline in in ADerm-IS Daily Activities Domain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-IS is a 10-item PRO questionnaire designed to assess a variety of impacts that participants experience from their AD. ADerm-IS daily activities sums four items measuring limitations of household, physical, and social activities, and difficulty concentrating with a 7-day recall. Each question is scored on an 11-point NRS from 0 (no impact) to 10 (extreme impact). The daily activities domain score ranges from 0 to 40, where higher scores represent worst impact. The minimal clinically important difference for the ADerm-IS daily activities domain score is 14. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a 100% Reduction From Baseline in EASI Score (EASI 100) at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percent Change From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 16 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. A negative change from Baseline indicates improvement. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percent Change From Baseline in EASI Score at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1)] moderate [2], or severe [3]) for Redness (erythema, inflammation), Thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), Scratching (excoriation), and Lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease; a negative change from Baseline indicates improvement. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Patient Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) Total Score at Week 16 | The POEM is a 7-item, validated questionnaire used to assess disease symptoms in both children and adults. Participants respond to 7 questions, including dryness, itching, flaking, cracking, sleep loss, bleeding, and weeping, each scored on a 5-point scale based on frequency of occurrence during the previous week: 0 = no days, 1 = 1 to 2 days, 2 = 3 to 4 days, 3 = 5 to 6 days, and 4 = all days. Item scores are added to provide a total score ranging from 0 (clear) to 28 (very severe atopic eczema). A change in POEM score of 3.4 points is considered the minimal clinically important difference. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at Week 16 | The DLQI is a 10-item validated questionnaire used to assess the impact of AD disease symptoms and treatment on quality of life (QoL). It consists of 10 questions evaluating impact of skin diseases on different aspects of a participant's QoL over the prior week, including symptoms and feelings, daily activities, leisure, work or school, personal relationships, and the side effects of treatment. Each item is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all/not relevant; 1 = a little; 2 = a lot; and 3 = very much). Item scores are added to provide a total score, ranging from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater impairment of QoL. the DLQI was administered to participants who were ≥ 16 (16 to 75) years old at the time of the Screening visit. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percent Change From Baseline in Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) Score at Week 16 | SCORAD is a clinical tool used to assess the extent and severity of eczema (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis). The extent is assessed using the rule of 9 to calculate the affected area (A) as a percentage of the whole body (0-100%). The intensity part of the SCORAD (B) consists of 6 items: erythema, oedema/papulation, excoriations, lichenification, oozing/crusts and dryness, each graded on a scale from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), for a total score of 0 to 18. Subjective items (C) include daily pruritus and sleeplessness, each scored on a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 (total score 0-20). SCORAD is calculated as A/5 + 7B/2 + C, and ranges from 0 to 103 (worst). A negative change from Baseline indicates improvement. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A) Score and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression (HADS-D) Score of < 8 at Week 16 | The HADS is a 14-item questionnaire, with seven items related to anxiety (HADS-A) and seven items related to depression (HADS-D). Each item is scored from 0 to 3; scores for each subscale range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more distress. For each domain, scores 7 or lower are considered normal, 8 to 10 are borderline, and 11 or higher indicate clinical anxiety or depression. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Main Study: Percentage of Participants Achieving a DLQI Score of 0 or 1 at Week 16 | The DLQI is a 10-item validated questionnaire used to assess the impact of AD disease symptoms and treatment on quality of life (QoL). It consists of 10 questions evaluating impact of skin diseases on different aspects of a participant's QoL over the prior week, including symptoms and feelings, daily activities, leisure, work or school, personal relationships, and the side effects of treatment. Each item is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all/not relevant; 1 = a little; 2 = a lot; and 3 = very much). Item scores are added to provide a total score, ranging from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater impairment of QoL. A score of 0 or 1 means that the disease has no effect at all. the DLQI was administered to participants who were ≥ 16 (16 to 75) years old at the time of the Screening visit. | Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving an EASI 75 Response at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. An EASI 75 response is defined as at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from Baseline in EASI score. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a vIGA-AD of 0 or 1 With a Reduction From Baseline of ≥ 2 Points at Week 16 | The vIGA-AD is a validated assessment instrument to rate the severity of atopic dermatitis globally, based on the following scale: 0 - Clear: No signs of AD; 1 - Almost clear: Barely perceptible erythema, induration/papulation and/or lichenification; 2 - Mild: Slight but definite erythema, induration/papulation and/or minimal lichenification. No oozing or crusting; 3 - Moderate: Clearly perceptible erythema, induration/papulation and/or lichenification, possible oozing or crusting; 4 - Severe: Marked erythema, induration/papulation and/or lichenification; possible oozing or crusting. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 16 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Worst pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving an EASI 90 Response at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. An EASI 90 response is defined as at least a 90% reduction (improvement) from Baseline in EASI score. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 4 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Worst pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 4 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving an EASI 75 Response at Week 2 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. An EASI 75 response is defined as at least a 75% reduction (improvement) from Baseline in EASI score. | Baseline and Week 2 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 1 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Worst pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 1 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Day 2 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). | Baseline and Day 2 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Day 3 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). | Baseline and Day 3 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Flare During the Double-blind Treatment Period | A flare, characterized as a clinically meaningful worsening in EASI, is defined as an increase in EASI score of ≥ 6.6 points from Baseline during the double-blind treatment period and prior to use of any rescue medication. Flares were assessed in participants with an EASI score of 65.4 or less at Baseline. | From first dose of study drug to Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 12 Points From Baseline in ADerm-IS Sleep Domain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-IS is a 10-item patient reported outcome questionnaire designed to assess a variety of impacts that participants experience from their AD. The ADerm-IS sleep domain consists of 3 questions designed to assess the impact of AD on sleep on a daily basis over a 24-hour recall period. The items include difficulty falling asleep, impact on sleep, and waking at night. Each question is scored on an 11-point NRS from 0 (no impact) to 10 (extreme impact). The ADerm-IS sleep domain score is the sum of the 3 item scores and ranges from 0 (no impact) to 30 (worst impact). The ADerm-IS sleep domain was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-IS sleep domain score is 12. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in ADerm-SS Skin Pain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-SS is an 11-item PRO questionnaire designed to assess signs and symptoms that patients may experience due to AD using a 24-hour recall period. For the skin pain item participants were asked to indicate on a daily basis how bad their worst skin pain due to AD was in the past 24 hours on an NRS from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-SS skin pain score is 4. The ADerm-SS skin pain score was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 28 Points From Baseline in ADerm-SS TSS-7 at Week 16 | The ADerm-SS is an 11-item questionnaire designed to assess signs and symptoms that participants may experience due to AD using a 24-hour recall period. The 7-item total symptom score includes 7 symptoms (items 1-7 of the ADerm-SS), each assessed on a NRS from 0 (no symptom) to 10 (worst imaginable). The 7 symptoms included in the score are itch while asleep, itch while awake, skin pain (each assessed daily), skin cracking, skin cracking pain, dry skin, and skin flaking (assessed weekly). The TSS-7 score ranges from 0 to 70, with higher scores indicating worsening symptoms. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-SS TSS-7 is 28. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 11 Points From Baseline in ADerm-IS Emotional State Domain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-IS is a 10-item PRO questionnaire designed to assess a variety of impacts that participants experience from their AD. ADerm-IS emotional state sums three items [Items 8-10] measuring self-consciousness, embarrassment, and sadness with a 7-day recall. Each question is scored on an 11-point NRS from 0 (no impact) to 10 (extreme impact). The emotional state domain score ranges from 0 to 30, where higher scores represent worst impact. The minimal clinically important difference for ADerm-IS emotional state domain score is 11. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 14 Points From Baseline in ADerm-IS Daily Activities Domain Score at Week 16 | The ADerm-IS is a 10-item PRO questionnaire designed to assess a variety of impacts that participants experience from their AD. ADerm-IS daily activities sums four items measuring limitations of household, physical, and social activities, and difficulty concentrating with a 7-day recall. Each question is scored on an 11-point NRS from 0 (no impact) to 10 (extreme impact). The daily activities domain score ranges from 0 to 40, where higher scores represent worst impact. The minimal clinically important difference for the ADerm-IS daily activities domain score is 14. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving an EASI 100 Response at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1], moderate [2], or severe [3]) for redness (erythema, inflammation), thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), scratching (excoriation), and lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease. An EASI 100 response is defined as a 100% reduction (improvement) from Baseline in EASI score. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percent Change From Baseline in Worst Pruritus NRS at Week 16 | Participants were asked to rate itch (pruritus) intensity at its worst during the past 24 hours on a daily basis using an 11-point scale from 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst imaginable itch). Pruritus NRS was analyzed based on weekly rolling averages of daily scores. A negative change from Baseline indicates improvement. | Baseline (last available rolling average before the first dose of study drug) and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percent Change From Baseline in EASI Score at Week 16 | EASI is a tool used to measure the extent (area) and severity of atopic eczema based on assessments of the head/neck, trunk, upper limbs and lower limbs. For each region the area score is recorded as the percentage of skin affected by eczema. For each region, the severity score is calculated as the sum of the intensity scores (scored as none [0], mild [1)] moderate [2], or severe [3]) for Redness (erythema, inflammation), Thickness (induration, papulation, swelling - acute eczema), Scratching (excoriation), and Lichenification (lined skin, prurigo nodules - chronic eczema). The total EASI score for each region is calculated by multiplying the severity score by the area score, with adjustment for the proportion of the body region to the whole body. The final EASI score is the sum of the 4 region scores and ranges from 0 to 72 where higher scores represent worse disease; a negative change from Baseline indicates improvement. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in POEM Total Score at Week 16 | The POEM is a 7-item, validated questionnaire used to assess disease symptoms in both children and adults. Participants respond to 7 questions, including dryness, itching, flaking, cracking, sleep loss, bleeding, and weeping, each scored on a 5-point scale based on frequency of occurrence during the previous week: 0 = no days, 1 = 1 to 2 days, 2 = 3 to 4 days, 3 = 5 to 6 days, and 4 = all days. Item scores are added to provide a total score ranging from 0 (clear) to 28 (very severe atopic eczema). A change in POEM score of 3.4 points is considered the minimal clinically important difference. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a Reduction of ≥ 4 Points From Baseline in DLQI Score at Week 16 | The DLQI is a 10-item validated questionnaire used to assess the impact of AD disease symptoms and treatment on quality of life (QoL). It consists of 10 questions evaluating impact of skin diseases on different aspects of a participant's QoL over the prior week, including symptoms and feelings, daily activities, leisure, work or school, personal relationships, and the side effects of treatment. Each item is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all/not relevant; 1 = a little; 2 = a lot; and 3 = very much). Item scores are added to provide a total score, ranging from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater impairment of QoL. the DLQI was administered to participants who were ≥ 16 (16 to 75) years old at the time of the Screening visit. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percent Change From Baseline in SCORAD Score at Week 16 | SCORAD is a clinical tool used to assess the extent and severity of eczema (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis). The extent is assessed using the rule of 9 to calculate the affected area (A) as a percentage of the whole body (0-100%). The intensity part of the SCORAD (B) consists of 6 items: erythema, oedema/papulation, excoriations, lichenification, oozing/crusts and dryness, each graded on a scale from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), for a total score of 0 to 18. Subjective items (C) include daily pruritus and sleeplessness, each scored on a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 (total score 0-20). SCORAD is calculated as A/5 + 7B/2 + C, and ranges from 0 to 103 (worst). A negative change from Baseline indicates improvement. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving HADS-A Score and HADS-D Score of < 8 at Week 16 | The HADS is a 14-item questionnaire, with seven items related to anxiety (HADS-A) and seven items related to depression (HADS-D). Each item is scored from 0 to 3; scores for each subscale range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more distress. For each domain, scores 7 or lower are considered normal, 8 to 10 are borderline, and 11 or higher indicate clinical anxiety or depression. | Baseline and Week 16 | 
| Adolescents: Percentage of Participants Achieving a DLQI Score of 0 or 1 at Week 16 | The DLQI is a 10-item validated questionnaire used to assess the impact of AD disease symptoms and treatment on quality of life (QoL). It consists of 10 questions evaluating impact of skin diseases on different aspects of a participant's QoL over the prior week, including symptoms and feelings, daily activities, leisure, work or school, personal relationships, and the side effects of treatment. Each item is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all/not relevant; 1 = a little; 2 = a lot; and 3 = very much). Item scores are added to provide a total score, ranging from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater impairment of QoL. A score of 0 or 1 means that the disease has no effect at all. the DLQI was administered to participants who were ≥ 16 (16 to 75) years old at the time of the Screening visit. | Baseline and Week 16 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Atopic Dermatitis, Upadacitinib