Testing the Effectiveness of Adolescent Depression Prevention Programs (The OregonBlues Study)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will test the effectiveness of two programs for preventing depression in adolescents.

Detailed Description
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Major depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders experienced by adolescents. Even adolescents with depressive symptoms below the level of diagnosis are at increased risk of a range of future problems, such as psychiatric disorders, impaired social functioning, and substance abuse. Depression prevention therapies have had mixed results. Those that are implemented universally have shown little efficacy, although those that specifically target adolescents at risk of depression have shown greater efficacy. A large scale effectiveness trial-one that applies treatments outside of a lab in real world settings-of a targeted depression prevention therapy has not been conducted. This study will test the effectiveness of two therapies for preventing depression in adolescents. The first is a brief, group cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program, and the second is bibliotherapy, which involves giving participants a self-help book for depression. Bibliotherapy has shown efficacy in previous research but has not been examined in an effectiveness trial. Participation in this study will last 24 months. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a six-session, cognitive-behavioral depression prevention group; a bibliotherapy group; and an assessment only group. Participants in the cognitive-behavioral group will meet with a study therapist and other group members to learn strategies for preventing depression. Participants in the bibliotherapy group will be given a self-help book titled Feeling Good with information on preventing depression. Participants in the assessment only group will receive a pamphlet on depression symptoms and treatment. All participants will complete assessments at baseline; after the cognitive-behavioral group has been completed; and at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month follow-ups. These assessments will include an interview about depression symptoms and a survey about thoughts, feelings, actions, depression, and substance abuse.

Official Title
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Effectiveness Trial of an Adolescent Depression Prevention Program

Conditions
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Depression

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral group
* Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral bibliotherapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: High school student Subthreshold depressive symptoms Exclusion Criteria: Meets criteria for major depression or dysthymia

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 1<br>Participants will receive a cognitive-behavioral group intervention. | Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral group<br>* Six sessions of cognitive-behavioral depression prevention group intervention<br>|
| Active Comparator: 2<br>Participants will receive cognitive-behavioral bibliotherapy. | Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral bibliotherapy<br>* Cognitive-behavioral bibliotherapy, delivered from the book Feeling Good<br>|
| No Intervention: 3<br>Participants will only complete study assessments. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Depressive symptoms obtained from Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) |  | Measured at baseline; post-treatment; and after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Score on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) |  | Measured at baseline; post-treatment; and after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Adolescents, Prevention, Bibliotherapy