The POWERED Study: Prophylaxis With Metformin to Prevent PTDM

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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PrOphylaxis With mEtformin to pREvent PTDM: a single site, placebo controlled, double blind randomised clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of metformin to prevent post-transplant diabetes in a cohort of patients undergoing renal transplantation.

Detailed Description
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Renal transplantation is the optimal form of renal-replacement therapy in end-stage kidney disease. However, up to 30% of new renal transplants develop post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). The development of PTDM is associated with adverse graft and patient survival outcomes and represents an increased financial burden. There is an urgent clinical need to discover therapies which could decrease the risk of developing PTDM. Metformin offers a safe and cheap therapeutic option which has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a high-risk non-transplant patient group. The investigators propose to study its safety and efficacy in preventing the development of PTDM. POWERED is a single site, placebo-controlled, double- blind randomised clinical trial of metformin in patients without pre-existing diabetes mellitus who have received a new renal transplant. Eligible, consented patients are randomised to a 3 month course of either active drug or placebo within 10 days post-transplant. All patients will receive the usual standard of care for transplant patients. Clinical and laboratory data will be collected and assessed at baseline and throughout their participation in the study. The primary endpoint is the development of PTDM as defined by a positive oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Secondary endpoints include graft outcomes, pancreatic b-cell function and safety endpoints. The study began recruitment in January 2019 and plans to enrol 60 patients. There are no interim analyses planned. Ethical approval was obtained from the London - Brighton and Sussex Ethics Committee (REC 18/LO/0958) prior to commencing the study. All study-related data will be used by the Sponsor in accordance with local data protection law. Results of the trial will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Official Title
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A Single Site, Placebo Controlled, Double Blind Randomised Clinical Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of Metformin to Prevent Post-transplant Diabetes in a Cohort of Patients Undergoing Renal Transplantation

Conditions
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Post-transplant Diabetes Mellitus, New Onset Diabetes After Transplant, New Onset Diabetes After Transplantation, Kidney Transplant; Complications, Renal Transplantation, End Stage Renal Disease, Metformin

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: Metformin
* Drug: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients (male or female) undergoing renal transplantation under the care of the Barts Health NHS Trust Renal Department Aged 18-75 inclusively Willing to comply with study schedule Exclusion Criteria: History of Type 1 or type 2 diabetes Clinically significant history of abnormal physical and/or mental health as judged by the investigator other than conditions related to chronic kidney disease Participation in an investigational drug trial in the 3 months prior to administration of the initial dose of study drug Subject with a known hypersensitivity or contraindication to Tacrolimus Subject with a known hypersensitivity or contraindication to Metformin Pregnant or breast feeding

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Single site, placebo controlled, double blind randomised clinical trial
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: Metformin<br>metformin 500mg OD | Drug: Metformin<br>* metformin 500mg OD for 3 months to start within 10 days post-renal transplant<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>placebo 500mg OD | Drug: Placebo<br>* placebo 500mg OD for 3 months to start within 10 days post-renal transplant<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Diagnosis of post-transplant diabetes | Positive 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test (i.e. 2 hour sugar >11.1 mol/L) | 12 months post-renal transplant | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pancreatic beta cell function | change in calculated HOMA-IR using C-peptide measurement between baseline and month 3 using | 12 months | 
| HbA1c | HbA1c | 12 months | 
| impaired glucose tolerance | impaired glucose tolerance as per 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test (i.e. 2 hour glucose 7.9-11.1 mmol/L) | 12 months | 
| patient and graft survival | patient survival, kidney transplant (graft) survival | 12 months | 
| incidence of treatment emergent adverse events | patient safety: adverse events, serious adverse events | 12 months | 
| rejection | episodes of acute transplant rejection | 12 months | 
| eGFR | renal transplant function | 12 months | 
| diagnosis of PTDM in OGTT screen fails | incidence of PTDM in patients not randomised to study due to positive OGTT at screening: defined by appearance of PTDM on problem list or prescription of an anti-diabetic drug | 12 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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post-transplant diabetes mellitus, new onset diabetes after transplant, renal transplant, kidney transplant, end-stage kidney disease, metformin, PTDM, NODAT