Substrate Oxidation in Children in Response to High and Low Dairy Intake

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators propose a randomized trial comparing higher levels of dairy intake compared to lower levels of dairy intake. Participants will be 20 boys and girls, age 10-13, overweight (>85%) who are currently consuming 1 or fewer servings of dairy per day. Each participant will be randomized to either higher or lower levels of dairy intake. A baseline calorimeter stay will determine 24-hour energy needs. Participants will then receive the diet they have been randomized to receive for 6 days and will then have a second calorimeter stay. During this 2nd stay, each participant will continue to receive the diet they were randomized to receive and will achieve a 300 kcal energy deficit through physical activity. The investigators hypothesize that children who receive a 300 kcal energy deficit from the energy expenditure of exercise and receive 3 to 4 servings of dairy products will show greater increases in fat oxidation compared to children who receive a 300 kcal energy expenditure of exercise and receive 1 or fewer servings of dairy products.

Detailed Description
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The study objective was to conduct a randomized clinical trial comparing enhanced levels of dairy consumption to lower levels of dairy consumption during an energy deficit resulting from 300 kcal of exercise. Participants were 24 sedentary and overweight boys, 13-15 years of age and girls, 12 to 14 years of age, and consuming 1 or fewer servings of dairy and less than 600 mg calcium per day at baseline. Participants were randomly assigned to either higher or lower dairy for 6 days and then crossed over to the opposite treatment subsequent to 2 weeks of wash out. The investigators provided all meals and snacks for the participants during the higher and lower dairy conditions. During the wash out period, participants were instructed to consume their normal diet as assessed at baseline which consisted of 1 or fewer servings of dairy and less than 600 mg calcium. Participants stayed in the calorimeter at baseline, day 7, and day 28 (end of study), after crossover. The calorimeter measured substrate oxidation under the condition of a 300 kcal energy deficit due to exercise.

Official Title
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Substrate Oxidation in Children in Response to Exercise With High and Low Dairy Intake

Conditions
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Childhood Obesity

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Dairy Products
* Dietary Supplement: Dairy Servings


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Must be overweight and 10-13 years old currently consuming 1 or fewer servings of dairy less than 600 mg calcium per day Exclusion Criteria: not meeting the above criteria must be present for duration of the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 10 Years
Maximum Age: 13 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Recommended dairy diet<br>Recommended servings of dairy products per day | Dietary Supplement: Dairy Products<br>* See the effect dairy product has on fat oxidation in overweight individuals expending the same amount of energy<br>* Other names: Recommended dairy servings per day;|
| Experimental: Low dairy diet<br>One or fewer dairy servings per day | Dietary Supplement: Dairy Servings<br>* Continue baseline consumption of one or fewer servings of dairy per day<br>* Other names: One or fewer servings of dairy per day;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 24hr fat oxidation | Fat oxidation over a 24 hr period will be measured using whole room indirect calorimetry. | 24 hrs | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 24hr energy expenditure | Energy Expenditure over a 24 hr period will be measured using whole room indirect calorimetry. | baseline, 7 days after each diet | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Dairy, obesity