Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSB)- Effects on Metabolism

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of sugar sweetened beverages on the fat metabolism of healthy young men. It is well known that consumption of beverages sweetened with fructose is associated with different health risks such as type 2 diabetes. The present study has been designed to dissect differences in the metabolic pathways of fructose and glucose, but also metabolic adaptations during fructose, glucose and sucrose diets. During a period of seven weeks subjects will consume either fructose, glucose or sucrose sweetened beverages or continue their usual drinking habits. During these seven weeks there will be different metabolic investigations using stable isotope tracers. First, the rate of lipolysis and beta-oxidation will be determined. Second, the rates of fatty acid synthesis will be measured. During all examinations there will also be substrate- and energy-utilization measurements by indirect calorimetry, blood analysis and morphometric measurements. Based on the literature main hypotheses are: Fructose enhances de novo lipogenesis postprandially and also in the fasting state significantly more than glucose by enhanced expression of lipogenic enzymes. Fructose decreases beta oxidation via downregulation of oxidative enzymes.

Official Title
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Effects of Carbohydrate Containing Diets on Lipid Metabolism & Fatty Acid Oxidation in Healthy Young Men - a Randomized, Double-Blinded Study.

Conditions
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Metabolism

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Soft drink consumption


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion criteria: Healthy male volunteers aged 18-30 BMI between 19-24 kg/m2 Non-smoker Exclusion criteria: Acute or chronic infections, malignant disease, renal, hepatic (more than two-fold increased transaminases), pulmonary, neurological (epilepsy) or psychiatric diseases, manifested atherosclerosis, or any other disease precluding participation in the study. Diabetes Known alcohol, substance or drug abuse, concomitant medication More than three hours of physical exercise per week Consumption of more than 2 times 3 dl SSB daily Subjects likely to fail to comply with the study protocol Subjects who do not give informed consent

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: fructose sweetened beverage<br>Soft drink consumption: Subjects have to drink a fructose sweetened beverage (3x 200ml per day, 13.3g fructose/100ml) during 7 weeks | Procedure: Soft drink consumption<br> <br> |
| Experimental: glucose sweetened beverage<br>Soft drink consumption: Subjects have to drink a glucose sweetened beverage (3x 200ml per day, 13.3g glucose/100ml) during 7 weeks | Procedure: Soft drink consumption<br> <br> |
| Experimental: sucrose sweetened beverage<br>Soft drink consumption: Subjects have to drink a sucrose sweetened beverage (3x 200ml per day, 13.3g sucrose/100ml) during 7 weeks | Procedure: Soft drink consumption<br> <br> |
| Experimental: No change of eating habits<br>No Soft drink consumption (no soft drink diet): Subjects do not change their eating habits during 7 weeks | Procedure: Soft drink consumption<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lipogenesis | Measurement of lipogenesis is based on i. v. administration of stable isotope labelled acetate (1,2-13C-acetate). 13C incorporation into palmitate is quantified by mass-spectrometry. 13C incorporation correlates to the rate of fatty acid synthesis. | After total 6 weeks dietary intervention | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lipolysis | Measurements using stable isotopes | After total 6 weeks dietary intervention | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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sugar sweetened beverages, fructose, lipogenesis, beta-oxidation