Kinesio Taping on Trapezius Trigger Points After Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this research is to see the effects of kinesio taping after integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique on pain, disability, pain-pressure threshold and muscle length in patients with upper trapezius trigger points. There will be two groups experimental and control. One study group will receive kinesiotaping after integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique and the other group will only receive integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique.

Detailed Description
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This study is Randomized controlled trail done at physiotherapy department of Railway General Hospital Rawalpindi. The sample size of 26 individuals calculated using open epi tool. Sampling technique applied was convenience sampling. Randomization in groups by sealed envelope method. The subjects were divided into two groups with 13 patients each. Both groups were treated with Integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique (Muscle energy Technique, sustain pressure, Strain counter-strain) while Kinesio tape was applied after INIT in only experimental group. Study duration was of 6 months. Individuals having age between 20-40 years, upper trapezius active or latent trigger points, limited side bending were included in this study. Tools used in the study were neck disability index (NDI), algometry, numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and muscle length (side bending through inclinometer). Assessments were taken on 1st day pre and post intervention and on 4th day.

Official Title
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Effects of Kinesio Taping on Upper Trapezius Trigger Points After Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT)

Conditions
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Trigger Points

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Kinesiotaping
* Other: Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Upper Trapezius Active or latent trigger points Limited range of motion (cervical Side Bending) Exclusion Criteria: Radiculopathies Malignancy Infection Trauma

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Kinesiotape Group and INIT<br>Kinesiotaping and Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (KT + INIT ) | Other: Kinesiotaping<br>* Total of 4 sessions on upper trapezius trigger points on alternate days.<br>Other: Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique<br>* Sustain Pressure. Strain Counter-strain (for 90 sec) Passive Isometric Relaxation (PIR) (6-10 sec hold, 4 reps)<br>|
| Active Comparator: INIT Group<br>Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) | Other: Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique<br>* Sustain Pressure. Strain Counter-strain (for 90 sec) Passive Isometric Relaxation (PIR) (6-10 sec hold, 4 reps)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Neck disability index | Changes from the baseline, The NDI is a modification of the neck disability index and it was developed by Vernon and Mior. It was designed to measure the neck pain and disability over time. It consists of 10 items, five parts sections. At the end, score is calculated by dividing the obtained score by total 50 multiplied by 100. | 4th Day | 
| Pain-Pressure threshold (PPT) | Changes from the baseline, Pain-pressure threshold was measured with the help of an algometer. | 4th day | 
| NPRS | Changes from the baseline, Numeric Pain rating scale is a scale for pain intensity starting from 0-10. Where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicate severe pain. | 4th Day | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Muscle length measure | Changes from the baseline, Muscle length of upper trapezius was measured with the help of Inclinometer | 4th Day | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Myofascial trigger points, Kinesiotaping, Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique