The Effect of Maintenance Fluids on Overall Fluid Balance in ICU Patients

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The amount of fluids characterized as non-resuscitation fluids given to ICU patients are likely to be high and will probably have a substantial impact on the total amount of fluid administered to ICU patients daily. It will most likely also influence on the total fluid balance and the negative outcome of fluid overload. The aim of our study is to investigate the amount of fluid given as maintenance fluids in the ICU and the impact of this fluid on total fluid balance.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Fluid therapy is an important part in both prevention and treatment of shock and multiple organ dysfunction in the ICU. However, the risks of giving patients too much fluids resulting in fluid has been gaining increased focus during recent years. Numerous studies regarding the amount of resuscitation fluid given to ICU patients have been performed, as well as investigations regarding factors that trigger the decision to deliver a fluid challenge to the patients. Likewise, multiple studies reveal that a more restrictive use of resuscitation fluids often lead to a better outcome for our patients. However, data regarding the amount of maintenance fluids and the effect of maintenance fluids on fluid balance and consequently outcome remain sparse. One major difficulty is that there is no universal definition of the term maintenance fluid. Some researchers include all fluids that is not considered resuscitation fluids, i.e. fluids given to administer drugs, to keep peripheral and central venous catheters functioning, administration of basal fluid needs and nutrition, while others exclude fluids covering basal needs and nutrition from the definition.

Official Title
-----------------
A Multi Center Observational Study on the Effects of Maintenance Fluids on Overall Fluid Balance in ICU Patients.

Conditions
-----------------
Fluid Overload, Fluid Therapy, Critical Care

Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: All ICU patients that spent one week or more in the ICU. - Exclusion Criteria: -

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------
What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fluid balance | To register the volume of fluid given to ICU patients categorized as resuscitation fluid, fluid to cover basal needs and nutrition and as fluid given to administer drugs and keeping intravenous accesses functioning. This will be measured i milliliters of fluid that the patients receive intravenously and orally by studying patient charts manually from their stay in the ICU. | One week | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fluid needs vs actual fluids given | To relate the quantity of maintenance fluid given to the patients with their theoretical fluid needs, by counting their needs (basal need of 30 mls/kg/day, previous losses and ongoing losses) and comparing it to the amount of fluid that the patient has actually received (by going through patient charts from their ICU stay). | One week | 
| Electrolyte | Total amount of electrolytes given to the patients intravenously or orally in the study, measured in mmol, by manually going through charts from patients ICU-stay. | One week |