Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is technique based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). In this study, the investigators evaluate the use of IVIM in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Detailed Description
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Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is technique based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), it is achieved through an MRI acquisition with multiple small b value to extract perfusion data. It has been shown to be a promising technique in evaluation of many brain conditions. This study seeks to assess intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters in characterizing plaques and specific tissues in multiple sclerosis.

Official Title
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Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis

Conditions
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Multiple Sclerosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients who are 18 years or older. Relapsing-remitting MS diagnosed as per Macdonald criteria Exclusion Criteria: Contraindication to MRI. For example, metal implantation in the body, claustrophobia and pregnancy. Patients who are unable to tolerate the scans without moving the head as a result of symptoms such as tremor, spasticity, involuntary movements and spasms, cognitive impairment, coughing, and shortness of breath.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Intravoxel Incoherent Motion(IVIM) MRI<br>Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) | Other: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging<br>* Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging<br>* Other names: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast in MR images.;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| IVIM parameters (including ADC,D,D*,f) in Multiple Sclerosis brain regions. | Primary Outcome Measure: 1. IVIM parameters (including ADC,D,D*,f) in Multiple Sclerosis brain regions. The parameters are calculated based on a IVIM model bi-exponential model represented by: S(b)/S(0)=f ×exp(-bD*)+ (1-f)×exp(-bD), and the mono-exponential model for ADC calculation as represented by: S(b)/S(0)=exp(-bADC), where S(b) and S (0) are the MRI signal intensities at a given b value and b = 0, respectively. ADC: apparent diffusion coefficient. ADC is expressed in units of mm2/s. f: the perfusion or (micro) vascular volume fraction which depends on capillary geometry and blood velocity. f is expressed in units of mm2/s. D*: pseudo diffusion coefficient that resembles the perfusion related incoherent microcirculation. D* is expressed in units of mm2/s. D: pure diffusion coefficient which is related to pure molecular diffusion. D is expressed in units of mm2/s. | Up to 2 months |