Sensory Basis of Speech Motor Learning

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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These studies test the hypothesis that sensory areas of the brain participate in the consolidation of speech motor memory by using transcranial magnetic stimulation to suppress activity in somatosensory and auditory cortex following adaptation in order to block retention of learning.

Detailed Description
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Subjects will train using either altered somatosensory feedback or altered auditory feedback (different groups of subjects). Immediately following adaptation, continuous theta burst magnetic stimulation (cTBS) will be applied to either auditory or somatosensory or motor cortex with the goal of blocking consolidation of motor memory. The logic of applying cTBS to both sensory areas is to test the hypothesis that both areas are involved in motor memory consolidation. Subjects leave the laboratory following cTBS and return 24 hours later to assess retention of learning. Learning is assessed as percentage change in speech sounds or movements relative to baseline. Retention is measured on a 0 to 100 scale relative to the end of learning.

Official Title
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Brain Structures in Speech Motor Memory Consolidation

Conditions
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Speech, Consolidation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Adaptation
* Other: cTBS


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: right handed adults no known physical or neurological abnormalities Exclusion Criteria: patients with: cardiac pacemaker surgical clips or values on the heart implants metal or metallic fragments in any part of the body pregnancy claustrophobia a personal or family history of epilepsy currently taking antipsychotic drugs currently taking antidepressant drugs currently taking antianxiety drugs history of concussion.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 21 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + cTBS to S1<br>Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + cTBS to S1 | Behavioral: Adaptation<br>* Sensorimotor adaptation in speech<br>Other: cTBS<br>* continuous theta-burst stimulation<br>|
| Experimental: Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + cTBS to A1<br>Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + cTBS to A1 | Behavioral: Adaptation<br>* Sensorimotor adaptation in speech<br>Other: cTBS<br>* continuous theta-burst stimulation<br>|
| Experimental: Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + cTBS to M1<br>Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + cTBS to M1 | Behavioral: Adaptation<br>* Sensorimotor adaptation in speech<br>Other: cTBS<br>* continuous theta-burst stimulation<br>|
| Experimental: Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + Sham cTBS<br>Adaptation to Altered Sensory Feedback + Sham cTBS | Behavioral: Adaptation<br>* Sensorimotor adaptation in speech<br>Other: cTBS<br>* continuous theta-burst stimulation<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Motor Learning | Learning is assessed as percentage change in speech sounds (speech formant frequencies) or movements (movement curvature) relative to baseline. | Performance as measured at the end of learning (30 minute session) | 
| Retention of Learning | Retention is measured on a 0 to 100 scale relative to the end of learning. | 24 hours after learning (re-test lasts 30 minutes) |