An Alternative Approach to Improve Hyperglycemia Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The study compared the effect of bitter melon intake and moderate exercise on postprandial glucose levels as measured by incremental area under the curve (iAUC) in eight patients with type 2 diabetes.

Detailed Description
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Background: This study compared the effects of bitter melon intake and moderate-intensity physical activity on postprandial glucose responses in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: A total of 8 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to two sequences (AB, BA) with two treatments (A or B) using a 2 x 2 randomized cross-over design: A) 100 ml of bitter melon juice administered 15 minutes prior to the 75-g oral glucose load; B) 30 minutes walking at moderate-intensity performed 15 minutes after the oral glucose load.

Official Title
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Effects of Bitter Melon Intake and Moderate-Intensity Physical Activity on Postprandial Glucose Responses in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Conditions
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Type2 Diabetes

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Bitter melon juice (100 ml)
* Behavioral: Exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: An age of 20 to 79 years Physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes Medical clearance for physical activity from their healthcare provider Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or were receiving insulin treatment An allergy to bitter melon Medical conditions that impacted the normal the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract Contraindications to physical activity

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 79 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Bitter Melon<br>The participants were asked to consume 100 ml of bitter melon juice 15 minutes prior to the 75-g oral glucose intake. Participants drank the juice within 5 minutes. Participants remained seated throughout the following 2 hours. | Dietary Supplement: Bitter melon juice (100 ml)<br>* Fresh bitter melon fruits were purchased from certified local groceries. The seeds of bitter melon were removed, and the juice was obtained from the raw fruit using a blender. Every 140 g of bitter melon fruit produced approximately 100 ml bitter melon juice.<br>|
| Experimental: Exercise<br>Participants performed 30 minutes of treadmill walking at 65% of the age-predicted maximum heart rate. The exercise started 15 minutes after the 75-g oral glucose intake. | Behavioral: Exercise<br>* The walking exercise was started 15 minutes after the glucose load. Walking speed was determined to elicit 65% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax) during exercise for each participant. HRmax was estimated using the America College of Cardiology prediction model, HRmax=208 - 0.7 × age. All participants wore a heart rate monitor (Polar, Vantage, XL) around the chest to assess exercise intensity. A rate of perceived exertion was assessed every 2 minutes based on the Borg's scale.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| mean glucose | mean glucose values | 2-hour postprandial period | 
| incremental area under the curve | 2-hour postprandial glucose incremental area under the curve | 2-hour postprandial period |