Increase in Temperature in Children Undergoing MRI

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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An increasing number of children undergo Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In MRI, radio waves and magnetism are used to form images of the body's interior, to diagnose and monitoring diseases in children. Many children are sedated to be able to collaborate with the MRI procedure. Sedation and general anesthesia cause the child to some extent to lose the ability to regulate his or her own bodytemperature. MRI rooms are most often cold due to the function of the magnet, leading to a risk of hypothermia in young children. Conversely, the MRI scanner generates radio frequencies that are absorbed by the body and converted to heat, which especially in small children due to their large surface area can potentially result in an increase in bodytemperature. In this study we therefore want to investigate changes in bodytemperature in children who are undergoing MRI- scanning within the Neuroanesthesiology Clinic. Furthermore, we want to define possible risk factors for possible temperature changes. Our hypothesis: Children undergoing MRI scanning increase in bodytemperature.

Detailed Description
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Ear temperature is measured as we are primarily interested in describing temperature changes in the individual child and because this method is less invasive than the alternatives.

Official Title
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Changes in Temperature in Children Undergoing MRI

Conditions
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Magnetic Field Exposure, Temperature Change, Body, Children, Only

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Braun thermoscan /, IRT 6520


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age from 12 weeks to 12 years Children undergoing MRI scans with the help of anesthesia staff from the Neuroanesthesiology Clinic under general anesthesia or awake The children are recruited via prescriptions or the anesthetist immediately before scanning and outside the MRI room. All children who meet the criteria for MRI scan can be included. Acute MRI children, children admitted to intensive care and children who came is directly from the operation if consent is obtained. Exclusion Criteria: Inability at present. and relatives to speak and understand Danish or English. An authorized interpreter may be used for a family that does not have a Danish background and only if written and oral information material is understood otherwise the patient is excluded No consent to the study Anatomically not possible to measure ear temperature Temperature above 39 ° C

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 12 Weeks
Maximum Age: 12 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Device: Braun thermoscan /, IRT 6520|The temperature will be measured in both ears with an ear thermometer. Practically, we will measure the temperature twice when generel anaesthsia is established, and immidiately before and after the MRI scan.|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Delta temperature ∆Tp = post-temperature - pre-temperature. Delta temperature is defined as the average temperature difference between pre-scan and post scan temperature measurement in right and left ear canal of the child before and after MRI scan. | The average of the temperature measured in the two ear canals is used if the difference is less than 0.5 degrees. If the temperature difference between the two ear canals exceeds 0.5 degrees, it is assumed that the lowest temperature is an error measurement e.g. due to physical block of the ear canal. In that case, the highest temperature measured in one of the two ear canals is used. | Ear temperature scan within 5 minuts before and after MRI right outside the MRI suite. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Childrens body surface area and temperature increase during MRI | Influence on body surface area calculated by weight in kilograms, height in centimeters. For calculation the Du Bois formula is used. | 20 minutes - 3 hours | 
| Confounders influence on intervention and temperature outcome | Age ( years), height (centimeters ) BMI (kg/m^2) < 18.5 underweight, 18.5 -25 normal weight, > 25 overweight. | 20 minutes | 
| MRI | Influence of MRI protocol: cerebrum, neuro axis, abdominal, heart and others. MRI duration (minutes) and MRI type (Tesla 1,5 or 3,0) | 20 minutes to 3 hours | 
| Influence on body temperature | Underlying diseases, infection, fever and use contrast. , use of contrast. | 5 minutes | 
| Medication | Use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) same day of MRI-scanning | 5 minutes | 
| External use of cover during MRI | Use of blankets to prevent heat loss in babies and children undergoing MRI-scan. | 20 minutes - 3 hours | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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magnetic resonance Imaging, paediatrics, temperature