Hysterosalpingography and Comfort Theory

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the radiological evaluation of the uterine cavity and tubules by giving radiopaque material from the cervical canal to the uterine cavity. HSG is an invasive procedure and is often described by women as uncomfortable, anxiety-inducing and painful, which indicates impaired comfort .Physical, emotional, sociocultural and environmental factors contribute to the formation of this condition. Comfort Theory is a nursing model that makes it easier for the caregivers to see their problems more systematically and to plan more easily. In the literature review, no studies have been found to determine the effect of Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory in Reducing Pain and Comfort on Women Undergoing Hysterosalpingography. It was aimed to determine the effect of Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba Comfort Theory on Pain and Comfort Level in Women Undergoing Hysterosalpingography Procedure. Method. The universe of the research will form women applying for hysterosalpingography procedure in Turkey's northern province of the Health Research and Application Center between. The sample size to be taken from the universe was determined by power analysis based on the reference values of a similar study in the literature. According to the Power analysis, it was decided to include a total of 126 women, including 42 women, in each group (Control group, Intervention 1: Mobile-assisted education and counseling group, Intervention 2: Virtual reality glasses group). In this study, standard nursing care will be applied to the control group, and nursing care based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory will be applied to the intervention groups.The data will be collected with the Visual Analog Scale(VAS) and General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ)

Detailed Description
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In this study, Nursing care based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory will be applied for women undergoing HSG. Before the HSG , the women will be met at the appointment time and the women will be given care during the procedure.Up to 15 minutes after the procedure will be with women. There will be 2 intervention groups and one control group. In the first intervention group, virtual reality glasses will be applied during the procedure, Mobile-assisted education and consultancy will be provided in the 2nd intervention group. This mobile assisted education and consultancy starts 48 hours before HSG shooting.The hsg capture will continue until it ends. Hospital care standards will be applied to the control group, the third group.

Official Title
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The Effect of Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory in Reducing Pain and Comfort on Women Undergoing Hysterosalpingography

Conditions
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Nursing Caries

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Volunteering to participate in research Being over 18 years old To be at least a primary school graduate To be able to read and write Turkish Not having a diagnosed psychiatric disease No mental deficiency and communication problems. Drug sensitivity and lack of allergy Regular menstrual cycle Getting a diagnosis of primary infertility Not having received infertility treatment before Having a mobile phone capable of receiving and playing video messages Exclusion Criteria: Being illiterate Being under the age of 18 Having a diagnosed psychiatric illness Having mental deficiency and communication problems Finding drug sensitivity and allergy Diagnosing secondary infertility Having an active genital infection The absence of a mobile phone with the ability to receive and play video messages

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Type of intervention, testing the comfort and components of women undergoing Hysterosalpingography with Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory<br>In this study, nursing care based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory will be applied to the intervention groups. Care will given when women after receiving the HSG attendance appointment. Care will terminated on the 15 minutes after the end of HSG undergoing. The time of the study 1-3 days for each women. Intervention Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory | Other: Nursing Care Based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory<br>* In this study, Nursing care based on Kolcaba's Comfort Theory will be applied for women undergoing HSG.<br>* Other names: Comfort-oriented care , Mobile-assisted education and counselling, virtual reality glasses;|
| No Intervention: Routine hospital schedule<br>The researcher sincerely answered all questions asked by the control group during the HSG period. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Visual Analog Scale(VAS) | After completing the HSG procedure, participants were asked to evaluate their pain in order to characterize pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Patients indicated the maximum pain intensity experienced during the HSG by making a vertical line on the VAS. A standard ten-point visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0 to 10 was designed and used to assess the patients' perceptions of discomfort during the procedure. A high score on the scale indicated a high level of discomfort and a score of 0 denoted no discomfort at all. Patients indicate the degree of pain they feel between 0-10. | 10 minutes | 
| General Comfort Questionaire (GCQ) | The scale, which was developed by Katharine Kolcaba in 1992 in order to determine the comfort needs of individuals, to evaluate the nursing initiatives that can provide comfort and the increase in comfort, was adapted to Turkish society by Kuğuoğlu and Karabacak in 2004.The scale, which is a four-point Likert-type scale with 48 items, was created by guiding the taxonomic structure consisting of the theoretical components of comfort, including 3 levels and 4 dimensions. Level; While the dimension is evaluated as relief (16 items), relief (17 items) and overcoming the problems (15 items); It is evaluated in three parts: physical (12 items), psychospritual (13 items) and socio-cultural (10 items). Negative expressions in the scale are calculated by reverse coding during the evaluation phase. While the lowest total score that can be obtained from the scale is 48, the highest total score is 192. | 30 minutes |