Effects of Parmigiano Reggiano on Muscle and Inflammatory Response to Eccentric Resistance Training in Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Aging is associated with the loss of muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) and reduced tissue regenerative capacity. Eccentric exercise (ECC) is a model of RET that can be used with the elderly, due to the ability of the muscle to combine high muscle strength production with low energy cost. ECC contractions are significantly more damaging to the muscles and produce greater muscle strength, for these reasons there is a greater risk of inducing muscle damage before the muscle is able to adapt. Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) has some peculiar bromatological characteristics. The proteins contained in it, and in particular the potentially bioactive peptide sequences, can rapidly provide the amino acids necessary to promote muscle growth and repair during exercise. Furthermore, PR can be an important source of fatty acids, of which a significant amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) which are known to have important clinical effects on body composition and metabolic health and can have a systemic anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, the central hypothesize is that PR consumed while being engaged in a RET can provide more energy substrates and improve muscle recovery, redcue inflammatory markers and improve lipid metabolism. To date, no studies have studied its function on recovery from exercise nor in the elderly.

Official Title
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Effects of Parmigiano Reggiano on Muscle and Inflammatory Response to 12 Weeks of Eccentric Resistance Training in Older Adults

Conditions
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Atrophy, Muscular, Aging, Inflammation, Cholesterol Deposition

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Parmigiano Reggiano
* Dietary Supplement: Whey Protein


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: age >60 years BMI >18 and <30 kg/m2 stable body weight in the past 3 months valid medical certifacate for practice of physical activity Exclusion Criteria: diabetes or pre-diabetes as for ADA guidelines chronic diseases (cardiovascular, liver, respiratory, cancer, etc) acute inflammatory status regular practice of intense physical activity (>2 sessions/week) treatment with steroids in the past 3 months regular use of >50g/die of Parmigiano Reggiano

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Parmigiano Reggiano<br>participants will consume 50 g/die of the dietary supplement and undergo to eccentric exercise training 3 times/week | Dietary Supplement: Parmigiano Reggiano<br>* subjects will receive 50 g/die of the dietary supplement<br>|
| Active Comparator: Whey Protein<br>participants will consume 20 g/die of the dietary supplement and undergo to eccentric exercise training 3 times/week | Dietary Supplement: Whey Protein<br>* subjects will receive 20 g/die of the dietary supplement<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Leg lean Mass | kg of lean mass measured via DEXA | Change from baseline to up to 12 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| inflammatory marker: IL-6 | levels of plasma IL-6 (mg/dL) | Change from baseline to up to 12 weeks | 
| cholesterol | levels of plasma cholesterol (mg/dL) | Change from baseline to up to 12 weeks |