Early Identification of Persons at Risk for Sick-leave Due to Work-related Stress

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A vital question for society in general and primary health care in particular is early identification of persons at risk of sickness absence due to work-related stress. Even though both the individual and society can gain a lot from the prevention of absence, not the least since return to work is costly once a person is sick-listed. There is, surprisingly enough, no established method to do this. This project is a randomized controlled study of people with mental disorders and physical complaints consulting primary care. The purpose is to evaluate if a systematic use of early identification of work-related stress, combined with feedback at consultation, at the primary health care centers can prevent sickness absence among employed women and men with common mental disorders and subjective physical health complaints.

Detailed Description
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There is no method or established practice in primary health care when it comes to the important issue of early identification of people at risk of sickness absence due to work-related stress. But work-related stress is common and can cause ill-health and sick-listing. Therefore it is a vital question for society in general and primary health care in particular finding methods to early identify persons at such risk. Both the individual and society can gain a lot from the prevention of absence, not the least since return to work is costly once a person is sick-listed. Both women and men see a doctor due to the symptoms, and a majority often goes to the primary health care, and this long before sick-listing comes into question. It could very well be that neither patient, nor doctor is aware that the symptoms the patient describes are caused by work and the stress the patient is subject to there. There is, though, a questionnaire, the Work Stress Questionnaire (WSQ), that has been developed to early identify people at risk. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate if systematic use of the WSQ can reduce the number of sick-days twelve months on in women and men consulting a primary health care GP due to physical and mental complaints. The intervention consists of giving the GPs the WSQ as a tool for systematic use to early identify people at risk, and then be able to refer the patients to preventive health care and other measures within the primary health care or the patient's occupational health service. The project will be carried out within the Region Västra Götaland and engage around 40 general practitioners, who will in all recruit 420 participants (210 to intervention group and 210 to control group). A register follow-up on sick-leave, healthcare treatment and the use of medicines will be made 12 months later. Three studies are planned to evaluate the intervention. Yet another study, a focus group study, is planned to make process evaluation of how the participating health care center staff perceive systematic use of the WSQ.

Official Title
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Early Identification of People at Risk for Sick-leave Due to Work-related Stress - A Randomized Controlled Study of People With Mental Disorders and Physical Complaints Consulting Primary Health Care

Conditions
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Occupation-related Stress Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Questionnaire and feedback


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Employed women and men, aged 18 - 64 years Seeking care for: depression anxiety musculoskeletal disorders gastrointestinal and cardio-vascular symptoms other stress-related symptoms Exclusion Criteria: Currently on sick-leave or have been on sick-leave with doctor's certificate the last month Have been absent from work due to illness more than 7 days the last month (without doctor's certificate) On sickness or activity payments Pregnant women Patients seeking care for: allergy diabetes urinary tract infection infections (whooping cough, tonsillitis) COPD fractures lumps and spots psychiatric diagnoses such as schizophrenia, other psychoses or bipolar diagnoses prolonging of sick-leave certificate check up of chronic disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 64 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Screening
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Questionnaire and feedback<br>Patients that will see a doctor randomized to the intervention group will fill in the Work Stress Questionnaire prior to the visit. The doctor gets the results from the questionnaire and then gives consultation to the patient based on the results. | Other: Questionnaire and feedback<br> <br> |
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Patients that will see a doctor randomized to the control group get the usual treatment/consultation and after the visit fill in the Work Stress Questionnaire. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of sick-leave days. | Differences in number of sick-leave days between intervention group and control group. | 12 months after inclusion | 
| Number of periods of sick-leave, full-time or part-time. | Differences in number of sick-leave periods, full-time or part-time between intervention group and control group. | 12 months after inclusion | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of health care treatments. | Differences in healthcare treatment between the intervention group and the control group. | 12 months after inclusion | 
| Types of health care treatments. | Differences in healthcare treatment between the intervention group and the control group. | 12 months after inclusion | 
| Number of medicines prescriptions. | Differences in the use of medicines between the intervention group and the control group. | 12 months after inclusion | 
| Types of medicines prescriptions. | Differences in the use of medicines between the intervention group and the control group. | 12 months after inclusion | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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work related stress, questionnaire, early identification