Evaluation of Green Dot a Primary Prevention Intervention

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the statewide application of Green Dot among high schools students. We hypothesize that students in high schools with Green Dot will over time report lower rates of sexual violence (SV) compared with students in comparable high schools randomized not to have Green Dot. This reduction in sexual violence will be mediated through a reduction in social norms supporting sexual violence (measured with violence acceptance scales) and an increase in bystander behaviors.

Detailed Description
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Green Dot is a bystander intervention program that empowers students to actively question peer support for sexual violence (SV) and become change agents who play a significant role in preventing sexual violence. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the statewide application of Green Dot among high schools students. We hypothesize that students in high schools with Green Dot will over time report lower rates of SV compared with students in comparable high schools randomized not to have Green Dot. A high school based controlled intervention trial is being used to test the efficacy of Green Dot. Both panel and cohort survey methods will be used to provide baseline and prospective data on student's attitudes supporting SV, bystander behaviors and violence victimization and perpetration. In 13 Kentucky regions, 2 demographically comparable high schools were recruited to participate in Green Dot intervention either as the intervention or control site. Schools were randomly assigned to the intervention. Study Population includes all students in participating high schools invited to complete anonymous panel surveys beginning spring 2010 through 2014. This state-wide, population-based, multi-site controlled intervention trial provides an empirical test of a promising intervention, which, if proven effective, could result in the primary prevention of SV and a reduction in the health and academic consequences of SV.

Official Title
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Green Dot Across the Bluegrass: Evaluation of a Primary Prevention Intervention

Conditions
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Sex Offenses

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Green Dot Bystander Intevention
* Behavioral: Control


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Only high school students attending the intervention or comparison high schools will be eligible. Two groups will be recruited: those receiving bystanding training and those not receiving such training who may or may not be in the social network of those receiving bystanding training. Exclusion Criteria: All other high school students in Kentucky

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 14 Years
Maximum Age: 19 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Green Dot Bystander Training<br>Green Dot intervention | Behavioral: Green Dot Bystander Intevention<br>* Intervention allocated at the school level<br>|
| Active Comparator: Control<br>Awareness Eduation | Behavioral: Control<br>* Awareness Education<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Average Number of Sexual Assault Events Used (Perpetrated) Per School. | Students self report of sexual assault perpetration averaged at the school level and adjusted for baseline and number of students. Adjustments were made by including baseline measure and number of students as a covariate in the model. Data will be collected at baseline and annually for 4 years. | up to 5 years follow up from baseline intervention | 
| Average Number of Sexual Assaults Experienced (Victimization) Events Per School. | Students self report of sexual assault victimization averaged at the school level and adjusted for baseline and number of students. Adjustments made by including baseline measure and number of students as covariates in models. Data will be collected at baseline and annually for 4 years. | Data will be collected at baseline and annually for 4 years. |