Exercise Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Quality of Life, Muscle Function in Type 2 Diabetes and Healthy Persons

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A sedentary lifestyle is known to be a risk factor to developing type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of adding regular Nordic walking to daily physical activity. Effects on quality of life, cardiovascular risk factors and functions in muscle cells will be determined.

Detailed Description
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Regular physical activity is known to have a beneficial effect on several factors affecting the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Implementing and maintaining changes of lifestyle is, however, known to be difficult. In this study we wished to investigate the effects of an exercise intervention that is feasible to most people with type 2 diabetes or at risk of developing that disease. The intervention was Nordic walking (with walking poles) for five hour per week, during four months. We chose to determine effects on health related quality of life, clinical parameters related to body weight/body composition, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, blood lipids, oxygen uptake and physiological effects in skeletal muscle cells related to glucose metabolism. On inclusion and after four months the participants were therefore subject to clinical measurements, blood samples, maximal oxygen uptake tests on an ergometer cycle and muscle biopsies at inclusion and after four months of participation. They also answered an extensive questionnaire focusing on health related quality of life.

Official Title
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Exercise - Effects on Health Related Quality of Life, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Cellular Functions With Respect to Glucose Metabolism, in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Impaired Glucose Tolerance and in Healthy Individuals.

Conditions
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Type 2 Diabetes, Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: BMI>25 Exclusion Criteria: Physical impairment Symptomatic angina pectoris Insulin treatment

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 45 Years
Maximum Age: 69 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Exercise<br>Five hours of Nordic walking per week, during four months | Behavioral: Exercise<br>* Nordic walking, with walking poles, five hours per week during four months<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Control group asked not to alter lifestyle during study | Behavioral: Exercise<br>* Nordic walking, with walking poles, five hours per week during four months<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| HbA1c |  | at inclusion and after four months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| waist circumference |  | at inclusion and after four months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Exercise, Risk factors, Primary health care