Prevalence of COPD in Our Lung Cancer Population, Compared to Controls

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients who are newly diagnosed with lung cancer and compare it to the prevalence of COPD in controls recruited from a smoking cessation clinic.

Detailed Description
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a breathing problem that some people develop. Usually it is caused by smoking. Damage to the lungs means that patients are at risk of more chest infections and are unable to exercise like healthy individuals. They may also have a long-standing cough. COPD is diagnosed by testing lung function, usually using a small device called a spirometer. COPD is becoming a better understood condition. It is known that the lungs of patients with COPD are sometimes inflamed. This is important because inflammation is associated with some types of cancer, including lung cancer. The investigators are interested in whether COPD puts people at higher risk of lung cancer. They would like to find out how common COPD is in patients who have lung cancer. The investigators would also like to find out how common COPD is in patients who are not known to have lung cancer (comparison group). This will help them interpret their results better as investigators will be able to compare the two groups.

Official Title
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Cross-sectional Study to Compare the Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Patients Newly Diagnosed With Lung Cancer, Compared to Controls

Conditions
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COPD, Lung Cancer, Smoking

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Informed consent Aged over 18 Lung cancer group: new diagnosis of lung cancer, with spirometry results available Control group: spirometry result available or obtained Exclusion Criteria: Patient refusal Age under 18 Control group: pre-existing lung cancer

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| With lung cancer<br>Patients who have a new diagnosis of lung cancer will be invited to undergo spirometry to enable us to gather data on the prevalence of COPD in this group. | |
| Without lung cancer<br>Smokers who are referred to the smoking cessation clinic will be invited to undergo spirometry to ascertain the prevalence of COPD in this group. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prevalence of COPD in lung cancer compared to controls, using spirometry to diagnose COPD. |  | Up to nine months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Comparison of the proportion of small cell tumours to non-small cell tumours in patients with lung cancer and COPD. | No change to routine care (no extra specimens to be taken or retained), but data on the histological subtypes will be recorded (as described above) to better inform the investigators about whether COPD-associated lung cancer demonstrates a different histological subtype. | Up to nine months | 
| Comparison of the proportion of individuals with an emphysematous phenotype to the proportion of individuals with a bronchitic phenotype. | No change to routine care (no extra investigations to be performed), but data on the radiological phenotype will be recorded to better inform the investigators about whether patients with COPD-associated lung cancer tend to have an emphysematous COPD pattern or a bronchitic one. | Up to nine months |