Brain-Shift Monitoring Using 3D Scanning

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A prospective non-invasive data/image collection for evaluation of the performance of the Advanced Scanners 3D scanner during brain surgery. The primary objective is to evaluate the performance of the scanner in determining the brain surface shape over multiple time points during craniotomies (surgical opening into the skull), and present those shapes in full color, with high resolution in all three coordinates of 3D space. A secondary objective is to use the measurements to determine brain shift as a function of time.

Detailed Description
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The scanner sterilization will largely follow procedures used currently for cameras and microscopes: the scanner will be draped in a disposable drape custom manufactured for the device by a leading instrument drape manufacturer (Medline). The drape will be windowed with a sterilized shatterproof plastic optical window. Standard hospital procedures will be followed for the disposal of instrument drapes. The drape will be sterile and wrapped in the conventional manner, and the drape itself will be disposable. Prior to surgery, the drape, window and frame will undergo the same sterilization procedure as other equipment. If window transparency is compromised during surgery, it can be cleaned with a cleaning agent. The scanner will illuminate the craniotomy region with light for the duration of its use, which may be for the duration of the surgery. The scanner will be anywhere from 8 to 12 inches away from the patient, illuminating the subject's brain by the scanner light for 2 minutes at a time, or continuously, either with or without maximum overhead lighting. For each patient, the duration of obtaining data will last for the duration of the clinical operation procedure. The 3D Scanner on and off time would add less than 5 minutes to the procedure, not including measurement time.

Official Title
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Pre-pilot Study of Brain-Shift Monitoring Using 3D Scanning

Conditions
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Craniotomy for Epilepsy and Malignant Tumor Removal

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Brain shift monitoring


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male or female ≥ 6 years of age at Visit 1. Clinically planned for craniotomy, including for malignant tumors, whether awake or under general anesthesia. Able to provide written informed consent (and assent when applicable) - by subject or subject's legal representative - and agrees to comply with the requirements of the study. Exclusion Criteria: Language problems that would prevent from properly understanding instructions. Requirement of an interpreter. Patients who are excluded from consideration for the clinical operation are therefore excluded from the research study. Special populations: pregnant women, prisoners.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 6 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| The study cohort<br>The study will enroll 10 subjects meeting the eligibility criteria, with the expectation to obtain complete data from at least 6 subjects. | Device: Brain shift monitoring<br>* For use to monitor brain shift during craniotomy<br>* Other names: 3D brain scanning;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Brain-shift measurement | Measure brain-shift in human subjects' brains with our scanning technology, and compare with preoperative MRI or CT, and, optionally, with inter-operative or postoperative MRI or CT scans. Measurements will include changes, measured in millimeters, of the surface anatomic features of the brain from the optical scans. Overall topological changes will also be measured between pre- and post-operative CT/MRI imaging of the patient with the optical scans. All these measurements will be performed using co-registered surfaces, reporting specifically computer-determined measurement of distances between those surfaces. | Throughout the surgical procedure | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Brain-shift measurement accuracy | Measurement of brain-shift in human subjects' brains with sub-mm accuracy using our scanning technology | Throughout the surgical procedure |