Interactions Between Fibre and Polyphenols on Colonic Phenolic Acid Production and Biomarkers of Health ( 6 Weeks)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators have studied the acute interactions of polyphenols and NDC in a single meal in a human study containing tomatoes, lovage & onions, with and without inulin. The investigators now wish to study the longer-term interactions of these foods over 6 weeks as well as their impact on biomarkers of human health, the gut microbiome, human proteome and markers of risk of chronic disease. This may allow better targeted evaluation of foods which influence health through the gut microbiome.

Detailed Description
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Polyphenol rich plant foods have been associated with several health benefits but their bioavailability is generally low. The majority of plant polyphenols are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and enter the colon where the colonic microbiota metabolise them to release a range of phenolic acids, which are now thought to be the main bioactive components related to the reduction in disease risk. Very little is known about the impact of other constituents of the diet on the metabolism and bacterial catabolism of these polyphenols. Colonic bacteria are key agents in the release of the bioactive molecules from polyphenols but also ferment non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) such as inulin to short chain fatty acids. It is likely that there are key interactions in the colonic bacterial metabolism of NDC and phenolics. The investigators hypothesize that combination of polyphenolics (in onions, tomatoes and lovage) with inulin (NDC) will increase the urinary output of bioactive phenolic acids over a 6 week feeding trial and impact on biomarkers of cardiometabolic health.

Official Title
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6 Week Feeding Study of Interactions Between Fibre and Polyphenols Sources on Colonic Phenolic Acid Production and Biomarkers of Health

Conditions
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Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Tomato, onion and lovage soup (TOL)
* Other: TOL soup with inulin


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Generally healthy BMI>=25 Not on antibiotics within 3 months of starting of study No medication likely to influence gut function, colonic bacterial activity. Exclusion Criteria: Antibiotics Pregnancy lactation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 40 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: This intervention study will be carried out using a parallel design, with three arms (foods containing polyphenol+NDC, foods with polyphenol alone, and habitual diet control)
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| No Intervention: Habitual diet<br>participants remain on their habitual diet | |
| Experimental: Tomato, onion and lovage soup (TOL)<br>One tin of soup containing Tomato onion and lovage daily for 6 weeks | Other: Tomato, onion and lovage soup (TOL)<br>* Soup<br>|
| Experimental: TOL soup with inulin<br>One tin of Tomato, onion and lovage soup with added inulin for 6 weeks | Other: TOL soup with inulin<br>* Soup<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change from baseline of total amount of phenolic acids (umoles/24 hours) in urine (3 wk) | Profile and amounts of phenolic acids in urine derived from the colonic bacterial metabolism of polyphenols | 3 weeks | 
| Change from baseline of total amount of phenolic acids (umoles/24 hours) in urine (6 wk) | Profile and amounts of phenolic acids in urine derived from the colonic bacterial metabolism of polyphenols | 6 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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age 40-70, self-reported healthy adults, BMI > 25