The Next Generation Longitudinal Birth Cohort Diabetes Study

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The overall aim of this project is to understand the independent roles of maternal factors, intrauterine exposures, genetic factors, and postnatal environment on the development of obesity and youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in childhood.

Detailed Description
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Our primary objective for the study is to clinically and metabolically phenotype parents and their offspring to identify risk factors for obesity, T2D, and cardiometabolic risk in childhood and adolescence in a prospective birth cohort by reporting: Maternal and/or paternal factors including anthropometrics, metabolic parameters, HNF1a genotype, lifestyle (diet and physical activity), and socioeconomic environment. Infant factors including anthropometrics, early infant nutrition, and metabolism. Secondary Objectives: To evaluate if children born to mothers with T2D prior o pregnancy are at increased risk of obesity and T2D. To determine the modifiable risk factors which contribute to the increased risk of obesity and T2D. To evaluate the differential risk between mothers and fathers with T2D in terms of somatic and genetic contributions to risk compared to intrauterine environmental contributions to risk. To plan a large-scale, randomized, controlled community-based breastfeeding intervention with intensive breastfeeding counseling and support for the prevention of T2D development in offspring of mothers or fathers with youth onset T2D. To explore potential new research questions and feasibility studies for epigenetic studies using cord blood under the umbrella of the new research theme on T2D at the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba.

Official Title
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Genetic and Environmental Influences on Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Childhood: The Next Generation Longitudinal Birth Cohort.

Conditions
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Type 2 Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Observational screening study


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, or no diabetes. From self-identified Indigenous heritage (e.g., Cree, Oji-Cree, Métis, Anishinaabe, etc.). Are delivering and residing in Manitoba. Mother/Father and children must be biological family members. Exclusion Criteria: Mothers or children with type 1 diabetes. Residing outside of Manitoba.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Next Generation Cohort<br>We will follow the children from mothers who either have T2D, GDM, or are controls. | Other: Observational screening study<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Obesity | Development of obesity defined by the International task force on obesity cut offs for age and gender. | 18 years | 
| Type 2 Diabetes | Development of type 2 diabetes defined by diagnostic criteria in the Canadian Diabetes association 2008 guidelines in childhood (≤ 7 years) or adolescence (12-16 years). | 18 years |