Investigating the Efficacy of Rest-ZZZ Formula in Healthy Participants With Difficulty Falling Asleep or Staying a Sleep

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over pilot study to investigate the efficacy of Rest-ZZZ in healthy participants with difficulty falling asleep or staying a sleep. The study will have 3 study periods. During each study period, eligible participants will consume either Rest-ZZZ, comparator product, or placebo for 7 days during each study period (1 product per study period), with a 1-week washout period in between each period. The primary objective is the comparison in sleep quality using a sleep quality questionnaire from pre-supplement to Day 7 between the Rest-ZZZ, comparator, and placebo. Other study outcomes include the change in quality of life, profile of mood states (POMS), and safety outcomes such as vital signs, clinical chemistry and hematological markers

Official Title
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A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Cross-over, Pilot Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Rest-ZZZ Formula in Healthy Participants With Difficulty Falling Asleep or Staying a Sleep

Conditions
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Sleep, Healthy

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Rest-ZZZ
* Drug: Active Comparator - Diphenhydramine HCl
* Other: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Has given voluntary, written, informed consent to participate in the study Males and females 25-65 years of age, inclusive BMI of 18-32.5 kg/m2, inclusive Difficulty in falling asleep (taking longer than 30 minutes to fall asleep) or staying asleep, with 2 or more waking episodes in a 7-day period for at least 2 weeks Females participant is not of child bearing potential, defined as females who have had a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, total endometrial ablation or are post-menopausal (natural or surgically with > 1 year since last menstruation) or, Females of childbearing potential must agree to use a medically approved method of birth control and have a negative urine pregnancy test result. All hormonal birth control must have been in use for a minimum of three months. Acceptable methods of birth control include: Hormonal contraceptives including oral contraceptives, hormone birth control patch (Ortho Evra), vaginal contraceptive ring (NuvaRing), injectable contraceptives (Depo-Provera, Lunelle), or hormone implant (Norplant System) Double-barrier method Intrauterine devices Non-heterosexual lifestyle or agrees to use contraception if planning on changing to heterosexual partner(s) Vasectomy of partner at least 6 months prior to screening Healthy as determined by laboratory results and medical history and by QI assessment Willingness to complete questionnaires, records, and diaries associated with the study and to complete all clinic visits Agrees to maintain normal diet and exercise routine throughout the study Agrees to maintain current sleep schedule throughout the study Agrees to stay in the current time zone for the duration of the study Agrees to refrain from herbal teas within 2 hours of bedtime, unless currently a part of their night routine for more than 30 days Agrees to refrain from over-the-counter (OTC) products to help with sleep Agrees to refrain from caffeine intake after 3:00 pm during the study Agrees to comply with all study procedures Exclusion Criteria: Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the trial Anticipated problems or allergies to any active or inactive ingredients in the investigational products as well as other flowers in the Asteraceae/Compositae family Previous diagnosis of a sleep disorder or use of continuous positive air pressure (C-PAP) Menopausal women with hot flashes Registered with the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) and considered as legally blind Currently experiencing vivid nightmares or sleepwalking Have unstable medical conditions such as heart failure, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reflux/gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), restless leg syndrome, chronic pain, or disruptive sleep for medical reasons Chronic conditions such as asthma, heartburn, and migraines that consistently interfere with sleep Controlled and uncontrolled hypo- and hypertension Type I and Type II diabetes Current employment that calls for shift work or have worked shift work in the last 3 weeks Travel across 1 or more-time zones in the last 2 weeks and/or is anticipating more travel Clinically significant abnormal laboratory results at screening Use of prescribed medications or any other medications used to help with sleep Use of OTC medications, supplements, food, drinks or products similar to the comparator or Rest-ZZZ to help with sleep. Chamomile, passion flower, valerian root, lemon balm and hawthorn berry ingested as teas and part of daily routine may be included in the study. However, participants will be required to maintain their current routines of consumption until the completion of the study. Evidence or history of clinically significant hematological, renal, endocrine, hepatic, and neurological diseases within the last 5 years as assessed by the QI Autoimmune disease or if immune-compromised (i.e. HIV-positive, use of anti-rejection medication, rheumatoid arthritis, Hepatitis B/C-positive) Cancer, except skin cancers completely excised with no chemotherapy or radiation with a follow-up that is negative. Volunteers with cancer in full remission for more than 5 years after diagnosis are acceptable after review by QI Diagnosis of any pineal gland abnormalities or have undergone pinealectomy Diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease Current or history of bleeding disorders Surgical procedures which may impact the study outcomes within the past 3 months to be assessed by the QI Tobacco use (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, vaporizers, etc.) within 90 days prior to baseline Use of recreational marijuana within 30 days prior to baseline High alcohol intake (average of >2 standard drinks per day or > 10 standard drinks per week) Excessive habitual caffeine consumption (>2 cups coffee or >3 cups caffeinated tea or >2 energy drinks per day) or caffeine intake after 3:00 pm Illicit drug use in the past 6 months as assessed by the QI Participation in clinical trials within 30 days prior to enrollment Blood donation will be assessed on a case-by case basis depending on frequency of donation and hematological and clinical chemistry parameters History of any mental illness that might impair the ability of participants to provide written informed consent Any other condition, that, in the opinion of the QI, may adversely affect the participant's ability to complete the study or its measures, or pose significant risk to the participant

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 25 Years
Maximum Age: 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Quadruple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Randomized to consume Rest-ZZZ, comparator, then placebo<br>Each study product will be consumed as 2 capsules daily for 7 days. Randomized to consume the Rest-ZZZ dietary supplement in Study Period 1, Comparator (Diphenhydramine HCl) in Study Period 2, and Placebo in Study Period 3. | Dietary Supplement: Rest-ZZZ<br>* A dietary supplement containing melatonin, valerian root, chamomile, passion flower, GABA, hawthorn berry, and lemon balm<br>Drug: Active Comparator - Diphenhydramine HCl<br>* DIN 02229960 encapsulated for blinding purposes<br>Other: Placebo<br>* No active ingredients<br>|
| Experimental: Randomized to consume comparator, placebo, then Rest-ZZZ<br>Each study product will be consumed as 2 capsules daily for 7 days. Randomized to consume the Comparator (Diphenhydramine HCl) in Study Period 1, Placebo in Study Period 2, and the Dietary Supplement, Rest-ZZZ in Study Period 3. | Dietary Supplement: Rest-ZZZ<br>* A dietary supplement containing melatonin, valerian root, chamomile, passion flower, GABA, hawthorn berry, and lemon balm<br>Drug: Active Comparator - Diphenhydramine HCl<br>* DIN 02229960 encapsulated for blinding purposes<br>Other: Placebo<br>* No active ingredients<br>|
| Experimental: Randomized to consume placebo, Rest-ZZZ, then comparator<br>Each study product will be consumed as 2 capsules daily for 7 days. Randomized to consume Placebo in Study Period 1, Dietary Supplement, Rest-ZZZ in Study Period 2, and Comparator (Diphenhydramine HCl) in Study Period 3. | Dietary Supplement: Rest-ZZZ<br>* A dietary supplement containing melatonin, valerian root, chamomile, passion flower, GABA, hawthorn berry, and lemon balm<br>Drug: Active Comparator - Diphenhydramine HCl<br>* DIN 02229960 encapsulated for blinding purposes<br>Other: Placebo<br>* No active ingredients<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Comparison of change in sleep quality assessed by the sleep quality (SQ) questionnaire between Rest-ZZZ, comparator, and placebo from pre-supplementation to after 7 days of supplementation | The SQ Questionnaire will provide an index for the following parameters: sleep efficiency, perceived sleep debt, and sleep difficulty. In the sleep difficulty section, there are 7 questions asking participants to rate on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = No Opinion, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly agree). There are 7 questions in the sleep-related quality of life asking participants to rate on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = No Opinion, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly agree). In both cases, a higher score corresponds to more sleep difficulty and worse sleep-related quality of life (one question in the sleep-related quality of life section has reverse scoring). | 7 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Comparison between Rest-ZZZ, comparator, and placebo in the change in quality of life assessed by a quality of life questionnaire from pre-supplementation to after 7 days of supplementation | The quality of life questionnaire will be used to measure discomfort and feelings of well being. This questionnaire has 31 questions assessing different areas in quality of life with various scales. | 7 days | 
| Comparison between Rest-ZZZ, comparator, and placebo in the change in Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire from pre-supplementation to after 7 of supplementation | The POMS index is used to measure mood states, with its validity well established as its methodology has been used in many clinical trials including other exercise related studies. POMS are a self-reported assessment of mood that is adaptable to capturing transient and fluctuating feelings, or relatively enduring affect states and contributes to a comprehensive assessment by providing indications of potential mood disturbance. Participants will be instructed by a clinic coordinator to respond to the questionnaire based on the past week. | 7 days | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Sleep, Healthy, Rest-ZZZ, randomized controlled trial, RCT, dietary supplement, natural health product