Virtual Reality by Mobile Phone: Improving Child Pedestrian Safety

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The investigators will conduct a non-inferiority clinical trial to evaluate whether children trained in pedestrian safety amidst a Google Cardboard virtual environment achieve equivalent levels of pedestrian safety to children trained in a full semi-immersive virtual pedestrian environment

Official Title
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Virtual Reality by Mobile Phone: Improving Child Pedestrian Safety

Conditions
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Child Pedestrian Safety

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: pedestrian safety training in pedestrian virtual environment


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: children ages 7-8 and their families one sibling per family, randomly chosen if multiple siblings are eligible children and parent speak English Exclusion Criteria: disabilities that prohibit participants from valid understanding of or participation in the experimental protocol families that plan to move more than 50 miles away over the next year families unable to commit to frequent visits required in the study protocol

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 7 Years
Maximum Age: 8 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Google Cardboard virtual environment<br>pedestrian safety training using the Google Cardboard device and delivery of a pedestrian virtual environment by mobile smartphone. Note that children in this arm will be trained using an immersive virtual environment delivered by smartphone, which is different from the other arm that is trained using a semi-immersive virtual environment delivered in a kiosk. The intervention is pedestrian safety training for both arms. | Behavioral: pedestrian safety training in pedestrian virtual environment<br>* pedestrian safety training<br>|
| Active Comparator: semi-immersive virtual environment<br>pedestrian safety training using a semi-immersive virtual pedestrian environment kiosk. Note that children in this arm will be trained using a semi-immersive virtual environment delivered in a kiosk, which is different from the other arm that is trained using an immersive virtual environment delivered by smartphone. The intervention is pedestrian safety training for both arms. | Behavioral: pedestrian safety training in pedestrian virtual environment<br>* pedestrian safety training<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| participants' number of risky crossings in virtual pedestrian environment | risky crossings in virtual environment setting, indicated by hits/close calls while crossing virtual street | 3.5 months after baseline (about 1 week after completion of all training) |