Practical Health Co-operation - The Impact of a Referral Template on Quality of Health Care

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The purpose of this study is to examine whether the implementation of a referral template will increase quality of health care delivered and the quality of health care co-operation. The investigators intent to implement a referral template, at the level of the general practitioner (GP), for the referral of patients within 4 separate diagnostic groups: dyspepsia/upper GI symptoms colonic cancer investigation/lower GI symptoms chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) chest pain Local GP clinics will be randomised to use the referral template or to use standard referral practice. Using a predefined set of quality criteria the investigators will score the process of care in each patient, and compare intervention and control groups. In addition other criteria will be collected and compared between the two groups, e.g. time to diagnosis/treatment quality of referral more appropriate referrals patient satisfaction (as measured by a questionnaire) The investigators hypothesize that the implementation of a referral template will lead to a measurable increase in the quality of health care delivered.

Detailed Description
-----------------
There is a continuous work to improve the quality of health care delivered to an individual patient, both in primary and secondary care. The referral from primary to secondary care represents a key component in the communication between the levels of care, and therefore an important tool in developing the quality of care. There has been many attempts at improving the quality of referrals, but less work has been focussed on the consequence of such improvement on quality of health care. This study is designed as a randomised controlled intervention study where we intent to implement a referral templates, at the level of the general practitioner (GP). These templates will be for the referral of patients within 4 separate diagnostic groups: dyspepsia/upper GI symptoms colonic cancer investigation/lower GI symptoms chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) chest pain Following the course of the health care process we will assess the quality of the care process by using predefined quality of care criteria, together with patient satisfaction (as measured by questionnaire) and other health process indicators. Our primary hypothesis is that the implementation of a referral template in the communication between primary and secondary care, will lead to a measurable increase in the quality of health care delivered. Secondary hypothesis include: the use of a referral template in the communication between the GP and secondary care, will lead to better patient satisfaction. the use of a referral template in the communication between the GP and secondary care, will lead to a change (up or down) in the amount of patients defined as being in need of prioritisation (as defined pr. national guidelines for prioritisation in health care) the use of a referral template in the communication between the GP and secondary care, will lead to a measurable referral quality improvement the use of a referral template in the communication between the GP and secondary care, will increase the appropriateness of the referrals

Official Title
-----------------
Practical Health Co-operation - a Randomised Controlled Intervention Study. The Impact of a Referral Template on Quality of Care and Health Care Co-operation Between Primary and Secondary Care

Conditions
-----------------
Referral, Quality of Health Care

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Implementation of referral template


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: referral to medical department of University Hospital of North Norway, Harstad Exclusion Criteria: children (< 18 years of age) patients with reduced capacity to consent

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Referral template<br>Implementation of the referral templates at the GP office | Other: Implementation of referral template<br>* Implementation of referral template at the GP office<br>|
| No Intervention: Control<br>Normal referral pattern | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Collated quality indicator score | Based on treatment guidelines and international quality assessment tools we have developed quality indicators score sets for each of the 4 diagnostic groups in the study. The scores will be compared between intervention and control GP offices to assess the effect of the referral template. | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Improved referral quality | The investigators will evaluate each referral against the referral template, and then compare between intervention and control groups. | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 
| Waiting time from referral to appointment |  | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 
| Time from referral to initiation of treatment | Compare the time from referral to initiation of treatment/decision no treatment necessary between intervention and control groups | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 
| Percentage of patients seen within investigation deadline | Compare the number of patients in the two groups seen within the limit set in national prioritisation guidelines | Assessed at end of study - approx 2 years | 
| Number of patients designated with investigation deadline | Compare the number of patients in the intervention vs. control group that were designated with a investigation deadline according to national prioritisation guidelines | Assessed at end of study - approx 2 years | 
| Patient satisfaction | Patient satisfaction as measured by self report questionnaire | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 
| Positive predictive value of referral | Compare the percentage of referrals between the intervention and control groups which have lead to a diagnostic clarification, or a histological diagnosis, or a change in medical management | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 
| Number of appointments needed for diagnostic clarification | Compare the number of appointments needed to clarify diagnosis between intervention and control groups | The care period for each patient (approx. 3 weeks up to 1 year) | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Referral, Quality of Health Care