The Effect of the Glycemic Load of Meals on the Cognition and Mood of Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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A lower rather than a higher glycemic load (GL) meal has been shown to benefit cognition and mood, however, the data in older adults and those most prone to cognitive dysfunction, is limited and conflicting. One explanation is that the GL of a meal may interact with a person's pre-existing glucose tolerance (GT). As older adults have a higher incidence of glucose tolerance and are more likely to experience memory problems the present study considers the interaction between the GL of meal in those with better or poorer GT. The population studied will not have a history of diabetes or dementia. A battery of cognitive tests will be administered after meals sweetened with one of three sugars known to vary in the rate that they release glucose into the blood stream.

Detailed Description
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On day one subjects will take an oral glucose tolerance test and will then be divided into four groups depending on their glucose tolerance (how long values remain raised) and the tendency for values to subsequently fall to low values. On a second occasion 155 healthy older adults, aged 45-80 years, will be randomly assigned to receive either a glucose, sucrose or isomaltulose based meal. All meals are matched on macronutrient composition and differ only in glycemic load. Cognitive performance and mood will be assessed 30, 105 and 180 minutes after breakfast. Measures of memory, attention, reaction times and mood will be taken. The response to the three meals will be contrasted in those with different glucose profiles on day one

Official Title
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The Effect of the Glycemic Load of Meals on the Cognition and Mood of Older Adults With Differences in Glucose Tolerance

Conditions
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Dementia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Dietary Supplement: Isomaltulose
* Dietary Supplement: Sucrose
* Dietary Supplement: Glucose


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy adults of 45 to 80 years Exclusion Criteria: Type 1 or type 2 diabetes Dementia Liver disease Gastro-intestinal problems

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 45 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Better glucose tolerance<br>Take meals with isomaltulose, sucrose or glucose | Dietary Supplement: Isomaltulose<br>* Isomaltulose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Sucrose<br>* Sucrose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Glucose<br>* Glucose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>|
| Other: Better glucose tolerance / Levels fall<br>Take meals with isomaltulose, sucrose or glucose | Dietary Supplement: Isomaltulose<br>* Isomaltulose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Sucrose<br>* Sucrose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Glucose<br>* Glucose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>|
| Other: Poorer tolerance levels remain high<br>Take meals with isomaltulose, sucrose or glucose | Dietary Supplement: Isomaltulose<br>* Isomaltulose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Sucrose<br>* Sucrose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Glucose<br>* Glucose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>|
| Other: Poorer glucose tolerance / Levels fall<br>Take meals with isomaltulose, sucrose or glucose | Dietary Supplement: Isomaltulose<br>* Isomaltulose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Sucrose<br>* Sucrose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>Dietary Supplement: Glucose<br>* Glucose sweetened meal will be given to each of four groups who differ in their glucose tolerance<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in episodic memory | Episodic memory assessed by asking subjects to recall a list of words | 30, 105, 180 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in mood | Visual analogues scales used to report mood at six points during study | 30, 105, 180 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Glycemic load, memory, mood