WalkIT Arizona: Walking Interventions Through Texting

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to develop adaptive (AI) and micro-incentive (MI) interventions and test them against static (SI) and delayed-incentive (DI) interventions in a 4-arm randomized factorial trial to increase MVPA adoption and maintenance among inactive adults. Using neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic status, participants will be recruited from four neighborhood types: high walkable/high SES, high walkable/low SES, low walkable/high SES, and low walkable/low SES. We will evaluate synergistic or antagonistic effects of interventions and neighborhood factors on MVPA adoption by 12 months and maintenance by 24 months.

Official Title
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WalkIT: Neighborhood Walkability and Moderation of Adaptive Walking Interventions

Conditions
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Physical Activity, Behavior, Goals

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Adaptive Goals
* Behavioral: Static Goals
* Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives
* Behavioral: Immediate Micro-Incentives


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: women and men of all races/ethnicities living in Maricopa County, Arizona Exclusion Criteria: Live in one of the eligible neighborhood quadrants in Maricopa County, Arizona Adult men and women between 18 and 60 years old Inactive as screened by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form and confirmed by baseline accelerometer measures No history of heart failure or type 2 diabetes No contraindications to exercise testing or requirement for medically supervised exercise (assessed by Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire+ (PAR-Q+). Not currently pregnant and not planning to becoming pregnant in the next 2 years Not currently participating in physical activity, diet, or weight loss programs Daily access to a mobile phone with text messaging capabilities or an iOS or Android smartphone Willing to wear a small accelerometer on the wrist daily for 1 year Willing to send and receive 2-3 text messages per day for 1 year Not planning to be outside of Maricopa County for > 30 days consecutively in the next 2 years Not planning to move from their current home in the next 2 years

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 60 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Static goals with delayed incentives<br>Participants will receive static physical activity goals with delayed, non-contingent incentives | Behavioral: Static Goals<br>* Prescribed goals remain the same throughout study<br>Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives<br>* Incentives are provided on bi-monthly basis for participation<br>|
| Experimental: Adaptive goals with delayed incentives<br>Participants will receive adaptive physical activity goals with delayed, non-contingent incentives | Behavioral: Adaptive Goals<br>* Prescribed goals change daily based on participant's performance<br>Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives<br>* Incentives are provided on bi-monthly basis for participation<br>|
| Experimental: Static goals with immediate rewards<br>Participants will receive static physical activity goals with immediate rewards | Behavioral: Static Goals<br>* Prescribed goals remain the same throughout study<br>Behavioral: Immediate Micro-Incentives<br>* Incentives are provided immediately for each goal attained<br>|
| Experimental: Adaptive goals with immediate rewards<br>Participants will receive adaptive physical activity goals with immediate rewards | Behavioral: Adaptive Goals<br>* Prescribed goals change daily based on participant's performance<br>Behavioral: Immediate Micro-Incentives<br>* Incentives are provided immediately for each goal attained<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) between study arms. |  | 12 months | 
| Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) across high walkable (vs. low walkable) neighborhoods by 12 months. |  | 12 months | 
| Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) across high walkable (vs. low walkable) neighborhoods by 24 months |  | 24 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in mean fitness (VO2max measured by treadmill test) between study arms. |  | 12 months | 
| Change in self-reported physical activity measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). |  | 12 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Reinforcement, Walking, Exercise, Built Environment, Adaptive, Financial incentive, Walkability