Efficacy of Manual Therapy in Migraine

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of suboccipital inhibitory manual therapy treatment in migraine compared to treatment based on Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) and their stretching, often being hypersensitive in patients with migraine. Material and methods: 27 patients in two groups participated in the study: a) the control group received combined techniques based on MTrPs and bilateral stretching in the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM); b) the experimental group was applied the same techniques as those applied in the control group plus suboccipital inhibition. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks and the impact, disability and quality of life were assessed in both groups.

Detailed Description
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Introduction Migraine is a highly prevalent disorder entailing substantial costs. Manual therapy offers an attractive option as an alternative to medical treatment or used in combination therewith. Treatment focused on the soft tissues of the suboccitpital region has been studied in other types of headaches but not in migraine. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of suboccipital inhibitory manual therapy treatment in migraine compared to treatment based on Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) and their stretching, often being hypersensitive in patients with migraine. Material and methods: 27 patients in two groups participated in the study: a) the control group received combined techniques based on MTrPs and bilateral stretching in the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM); b) the experimental group was applied the same techniques as those applied in the control group plus suboccipital inhibition. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks and the impact, disability and quality of life were assessed in both groups.

Official Title
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DO SOFT TISSUE TECHNIQUES HAVE A POSITIVE EFFECT ON DISABILITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN MIGRAINE SUFFERERS?: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Conditions
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MIGRAINE

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Sternocleidomastoid MTRP and stretching
* Other: Trapezius MTRP and stretching


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Patients were diagnosed according to the criteria established by the IHS Exclusion Criteria: Patients were excluded if they presented with other headache types, if their headache was triggered by neck movement, or if they presented with dizziness, hypertension, emotional stress, psychological disorders, cardiovascular disease or pregnancy.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 55 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Sternocleidomastoid MTRP and stretching<br>The sternocleidomastoid was treated with ischemic compression. | Other: Trapezius MTRP and stretching<br>* The central MTRP of the trapezius was treated as described above for the sternocleidomastoid. Subsequently stretching was performed, whereby the therapist supported the patient's head and performed passive contralateral inclination and ipsilateral rotation of the head. The therapist placed one hand over the patients shoulder while the other hand performed the stretching and simultaneously controlled the position of the head to achieve suitable stretching<br>|
| Experimental: Trapezius MTRP and stretching<br>The central MTRP of the trapezius was treated as described above for the sternocleidomastoid. | Other: Sternocleidomastoid MTRP and stretching<br>* The sternocleidomastoid was treated with ischemic compression. The patient's head was passively moved into contralateral rotation and the patient was asked to relax completely. Sustained pressure was then applied to the sternocleidomastoid muscle until the pain threshold was reached. During the application of pressure, pain decreases so the pressure was gradually increased over a duration of 1 minute. The pressure was then reduced progressively.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Pain intensity | The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)25 was used to rate the patients average pain intensity using a 0-10 scale (0=no pain, 10=the most severe pain). | 4 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The impact of headache (HIT-6) | The Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) (Yang et al., 2011) provides an overall measure of the adverse impact of headaches. This questionnaire consists of 6 items measuring the impact of pain on social functioning, role functioning, vitality, cognitive functioning and psychological distress, and provides a measure of the severity. | 4 weeks | 
| Disability (MIDAS) | . Disability caused by migraine was assessed by the MIDAS questionnaire (Adenis Silva et al., 2008) based on 5 questions and the score obtained from the sum of the days lost due to headaches registered in the questions. | 4 weeks | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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efficacy, manual therapy, migraine, quality of life