Mechanical Ventilation Controlled by the Electrical Activity of the Patient's Diaphragm - Effects on Cardiac Performance

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a new concept of mechanical ventilation. NAVA delivers assist to spontaneous breathing based on the detection of the electrical activity of the diaphragm. We study the effect of NAVA on cardiac performance in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients.

Official Title
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Short Term Effects of Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist and Pressure Support Ventilation on Cardiac Performance

Conditions
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Respiratory Failure, Cardiac Failure

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) provided by a commercially available mechanical ventilator (Servo i, Maquet Critical Care, Solna, Sweden).


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Male or female patients aged 18 - 85 years (extremes included) Mechanical ventilation (tracheally intubated or tracheotomized) Relevant interaction between the ventilator and the cardiac performance defined as an inspiratory deflection in central venous pressure or pulmonary diastolic pressure of ≥ 5 mmHg in 10 patients with impaired cardiac performance defined as either a left ventricular ejection fraction of < 40% and/or treatment with dobutamine ≥2μg/kg/min, or adrenaline ≥ 3μg/kg/min and/or a cardiac index of ≤ 2.2 L•min-1•m2 and/or a pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) ≥ 18 mmHg in 10 patients with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and delayed triggering-ON / cycling-OFF and/or evidence for wasted inspiratory efforts as evidenced by: limitation of expiratory air flow and intrinsic PEEP as assessed by observation of the expiratory air flow curve and measurement of the airway pressure during an expiratory hold maneuver and/or excessive activation of inspiratory and / or expiratory muscles as assessed by observation of the patient Presence of a pulmonary artery catheter and an arterial pressure line Subject itself or its next of kin has given written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Patient is less than 18 years or more than 80 years of age The attending physician refuses to allow enrollment The patient refuses informed consent Next of kin is unavailable or refuses informed consent Pregnant or breast-feeding female. A pregnancy test will be performed in all female patients less than 60 years of age. The patient will not be enrolled in the study if the test result is positive. Any contraindication to insertion/exchange a nasogastric tube, including (but not limited to): severe oropharyngeal malformation or bleeding; esophageal varices, tumor, infection, stenosis, or rupture Presence or suspicion of diaphragm injury Hemophilia or other severe bleeding disorder Presence or suspicion of a central nervous system (CNS) disorder, including (but not limited to): CNS infarction, bleeding, tumor, or infection History of heart and/or lung transplantation Any mechanical cardiac assist device (including intraaortic balloon pump) Any contraindication to reduce sedation or to stop neuromuscular blockage in order to allow spontaneous breathing The patient needs to be ventilated with a mode of MV controlling for tidal volume or for airway pressure as per attending physician. Severe hemodynamic instability as judged by the attending physician Planned or anticipated intervention within the study period necessitating either transfer out of the ICU or requiring prolonged interaction with the patient. a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of > 0.8 The patient currently participates in another interventional clinical trial

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: NAVA<br> | Device: Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) provided by a commercially available mechanical ventilator (Servo i, Maquet Critical Care, Solna, Sweden).<br>* Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) and pressure support ventilation (PSV)<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cardiac stroke volume index. |  | end of experimental periods | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Global delivery of oxygen |  | end of experimental period | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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respiratory insufficiency, respiration, ventilators, diaphragm, electromyography, mechanical ventilation