The Impact of Background Music in Reducing Stress in Preclinical Dental Labs

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study was designed to evaluate students' level of stress and impact of background music on their efficiency of work, performance and learning ability during pre-clinical lab.

Detailed Description
-----------------
The reported high level of stress among dental students and its consequences, considering the known benefits of background music. This study was designed to evaluate students' level of stress and impact of background music on their efficiency of work, performance and learning ability during pre-clinical lab. METHODOLOGY: In this cross-sectional questionnaire study, 61 preclinical students from the college of dentistry, Ajman university-Fujairah campus who met the defined inclusion criteria participated. After a semester of the normal lab without BM (Background Music), various genres of BM were introduced in the lab. Psychological stress assessment was done using P.S.S (Perceived Stress Scale).Students were asked to fill up a written feedback questionnaire at the end of six weeks of BM. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used in order to study the statistical relationships among groups.

Official Title
-----------------
The Impact of Background Music in Reducing Stress in Preclinical Dental Labs

Conditions
-----------------
Stress-related Problem

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: Questionnaire


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Students were not taking any medication for anxiety did not suffer from depression did not have any systemic illness; and they had no aversion towards music. Exclusion Criteria: Students who were taking medication for anxiety had depression had systemic illness they had aversion towards music

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 23 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active<br>Evaluate stress among dental students by Questionnaire | Other: Questionnaire<br>* students were involved in the pre-clinical prosthodontic lab. Participation in these labs were mandatory and it involved crown and bridge preparations on typodont models. There were 2 sessions of these labs per week, one for each gender. Each session lasted for 3 hours. The study was conducted in 2 phases. At the beginning of the first phase of the study, the labs were conducted without any BM for 4 weeks. PSS(perceived stress scale), a standardized and validated, self-reporting international test was used for measuring the level of psychological stress were administered to all participants.<br>|
| the present level of stress, comfort zone & coping with stress<br>Evaluate how stress was coped, the coping mechanisms used through Questionnaire | Other: Questionnaire<br>* students were involved in the pre-clinical prosthodontic lab. Participation in these labs were mandatory and it involved crown and bridge preparations on typodont models. There were 2 sessions of these labs per week, one for each gender. Each session lasted for 3 hours. The study was conducted in 2 phases. At the beginning of the first phase of the study, the labs were conducted without any BM for 4 weeks. PSS(perceived stress scale), a standardized and validated, self-reporting international test was used for measuring the level of psychological stress were administered to all participants.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| coping mechanisms practiced by pre-clinical dental students to cope up stress. | How students cope with the stress they experience by answering a questionnaire | From baseline to 5 months | 
| PSS ((perceived stress scale) internationally used psychological scale for measuring the level of stress, it measures how stressful are the situations in one's life.) | It consist of ten questions, each question has five answers arranged from zero to four. Each number has a point which reveals the level of stress for each question. Points were calculated according to the calculation system of the scale. | From baseline to 5 months | 
| PSS scale range from 0-4,with 0-no stress,1-mild stress,3-moderate stress and 4-severe stress | The students were graded on their response to the questionnaire | From baseline to 5 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Feedback of music of male and female pre-clinical dental students. | What type of music students feel more relaxed while working in dental labs by answering certain questions in the form of questionnaire | From baseline to 5 months | 
| PSS scale range from 0-4,with 0-no stress,1-mild stress,3-moderate stress and 4-severe | What type of music students feel more relaxed while working in dental labs by asking certain questions in a questionnaire a measurement tool in the form of questionnaire | From Baseline to 5 months | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Dental labs, genre, music, perceived stress scale, stress