Effects of Kinesio Taping in Addition to Routine Physical Therapy on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Patients With Upper Cross Syndrome

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Objective of the study is to compare the effects of kinesio taping and routine physical therapy on pain, range of motion and functional disability in patients with upper cross syndrome.It is a single blinded randomized controlled trial using non probability purposive sampling technique. ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS: There is a significant difference in the effects of routine physical therapy with and without kinesio taping on pain, range of motion and functional disability in patients with upper cross syndrome. NULL HYPOTHESIS: There is no significant difference in the effects of routine physical therapy with and without kinesio taping on pain, range of motion and functional disability in patients with upper cross syndrome.

Detailed Description
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It will be a prospectively registered ,parallel designed, randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation. Subjects will be selected from the outpatient Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Lahore Teaching Hospital,Lahore, Pakistan. Patients who met eligibility criteria will be informed about the aim of study.all the eligible participants who will agree to participate will sign a consent form. After baseline assessment selected participants will be divided into 2 groups by random allocation method.Subjects will be randomized into two groups using computer generated random numbers.The outcome assessor will be unaware of treatment given to both groups.The calculated sample size using Numeric pain rating scale as outcome measure is 28 in each group, but after adding 20% dropout, the sample size will be 28+6=34 in each group, allowing statistical power of 80%and alpha level of 5%.

Official Title
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Effects of Kinesio Taping in Addition to Routine Physical Therapy on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Patients With Upper Cross Syndrome

Conditions
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Cervical Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Kinesio Taping Technique
* Other: Routine Physical Therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Both gender Participants with an age between 18 to 40 Participants diagnosed with chronic upper cross syndrome by orthopedic department for physical therapy treatment Exclusion Criteria: Trauma, Tumor and Fracture of upper limb and shoulder Congenital deformities of upper limb History of any systemic disease History of any neurological disease (epilepsy &amp;seizure, Parkinson's disease) History of recent surgery of spine or shoulder

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group A/ kinesio taping group<br>Routine physical therapy along with Kinesio Taping | Other: Kinesio Taping Technique<br>* Kinesio taping is a thin, stretchy, elastic cotton strip with an acrylic adhesive that is approximately the same thickness as the epidermis of the skin. When the taping method is followed correctly, the tape effects on the muscle by facilitating a weakened muscle or relaxing an over-used muscle,decreasing pain, fatigue and increasing tissue recovery. Kinesio Taping facilitation technique will be used with fifty percent stretch on rhomboids bilaterally.<br>Other: Routine Physical Therapy<br>* routine physical therapy includes thermotherapy and Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), the strengthening exercises of lower and middle trapezius, rhomboids and deep neck flexors. Stretching exercises of upper trapezius, pectoralis major and minor. Mobilization of cervicothoracic junction and postural education. Thermotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation will be used for 10 minutes in each session. Each exercise will be performed in 3 sets of 10 repetitions. Treatment session will have a duration of 30-45 minutes.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Group B/ routine physical therapy<br>routine physical therapy | Other: Routine Physical Therapy<br>* routine physical therapy includes thermotherapy and Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), the strengthening exercises of lower and middle trapezius, rhomboids and deep neck flexors. Stretching exercises of upper trapezius, pectoralis major and minor. Mobilization of cervicothoracic junction and postural education. Thermotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation will be used for 10 minutes in each session. Each exercise will be performed in 3 sets of 10 repetitions. Treatment session will have a duration of 30-45 minutes.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Numeric pain rating scale( assessing change in pain at between baseline, at 1st week, 2nd week and at the end of 4th week of treatment) | This is 11 points scale ranges from 0-10, where 0 means no pain and 10 is the worst pain. The values ranges from 1-3 means mild pain; 4-6 is considered moderate pain; 7-10 is severe pain. the average of three readings is considered as pain value. | baseline, 1st week ,2nd week and 4th week | 
| Universal Goniometer (to assess change in range of motion at baseline,1st,2nd and 4th week.) | A universal goniometer is a device that measures an angle or permits rotation of an object to a definite position. It is designed like a protractor and may form a full or a half-circle from 0 to 180 degrees or 180 to 0 degrees for half circle models or 0 to 360 degrees on full circle.Normal range of motion of flexion 0-45 ₒ extension, 0-45 ₒ, side flexion 0-45 ₒ , rotation 0-80. | baseline, 1st week ,2nd week and 4th week | 
| Neck disability Index ( assessing change in neck functional activities at baseline, 1st,2nd and 4th week) | This is the Patient-completed, condition-specific functional status questionnaire with 10 items for measuring disability in patients with neck pain.It contains 10 pain-related questions scored from 0 (no pain) to 5 (most severe pain). | baseline, 1st,2nd and 4th week | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Upper Cross Syndrome, Neck disability index, goniometer, pain, kinesio taping