Echocardiographic Findings in Infants of Diabetic Mothers and Its Relation to Maternal Glycemic Control

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this work was to: Evaluate the use of echocardiography in the assessment of hemodynamic stability in newborns. Determine the prevalence of congenital heart diseases or any cardiac abnormalities in infants born to diabetic mother in relation to the glycemic control of their mothers

Official Title
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Echocardiographic Findings in Infants of Diabetic Mothers and Its Relation to Maternal Glycemic Control

Conditions
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Infant of Diabetic Mother

Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Infant of diabetic mother (IDM) (pregestational and gestational diabetes) born in Alexandria University Children 's Hospital (AUCH) whatever their weight or their gestational age Exclusion Criteria: Neonates aged more 7 days. Patient born outside the tertiary center of Alexandria University Children 's Hospital.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 0 Days
Maximum Age: 7 Days

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Neonates born to diabetic mothers<br> | |
| Neonates born to non-diabetic mothers (control)<br> | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Detection of incidence of congenital heart disease in infants of diabetic mothers | This was done using echocardiography: two-dimensional study, color Doppler, pulsed and continuous wave Doppler as well as m-mode study. | First week | 
| Hemodynamic significance of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)and patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) | This was done using echocardiography: two-dimensional study, color Doppler, pulsed and continuous wave Doppler as well as m-mode study for assessments of PDA and PFO in infants of diabetic mothers in comparison with healthy controls. | First two months of life | 
| Assessment of left ventricular dimensions in infants of diabetic mothers in comparison to healthy controls. | Using M-mode images under guidance of two dimensional echocardiography in parasternal long axis view was done for all participants measuring of the following: Left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVDs). Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd). Inter ventricular septal diameter (IVSd). Left ventricular posterior wall thickness during diastole (LVPWd). Left ventricular posterior wall thickness during systole (LVPWs) those measures are compared in infant of diabetic mothers and healthy controls. | First two months of life | 
| Assessment of left ventricular dimensions in infants of diabetic mothers in comparison to healthy controls. | Using M-mode images under guidance of two dimensional echocardiography in parasternal long axis view was done for all participants measuring of the following: Ejection fraction (EF) . Fractional shortening (FS). those measures are compared in infant of diabetic mothers and healthy controls. | First two months of life |