Relationship Between Fungal Colonization and Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this study is to determine if fungal colonization is associated to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants less than 29 weeks of gestation, and to determine if an association exists between fungal colonization and complications of prematurity and death.

Detailed Description
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Fungal colonization is common in premature infants. Certain neonatal departments, routinely screen for fungal colonization by weekly cultures, while other departments perform fungal cultures solely in the presence of suggestive clinical or biological signs such as hyperleucocytosis, maternal vaginal candidiasis, sepsis and characteristic skin lesions. This neonatal colonization can progress to an invasive fungal infection leading to death and comorbidities. A relationship between fungal colonization and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia is suspected.

Official Title
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Relationship Between Fungal Colonization and Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Myth or Reality? Retrospective Study of Premature Infants Inferior to 29 Weeks of Gestation

Conditions
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Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Extreme Prematurity, Fungal Infection

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: biological


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Premature infants inferior to 29 weeks of gestation screened for fungal colonization, Admitted in the neonatal department of Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, Between January 1st 2018 and December 31st 2020, Holders of parental authority informed of the study that are unopposed Exclusion Criteria: Premature infants over 29 weeks of gestation, or term infants, Premature infants less than 29 weeks of gestation not screened for fungal colonization during their hospitalization, Premature infants with significant congenital malformations or genetic abnormalities, Premature infants inferior to 29 weeks of gestation deceased in delivery room.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 1 Day
Maximum Age: 29 Weeks

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Other: biological|fungal colonization by weekly cultures|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants inferior to 29 weeks of gestation | Need of nCPAP, NIPPV, or nasal cannula ≥3 L/min with more than 30% of fraction inspired in Oxygen. | at 36 weeks corrected age | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | Necrotizing enterocolitis | Day 0 | 
| Intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 or 44 | Intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 or 44 | Day 0 | 
| Retinopathy of prematurity | Retinopathy of prematurity | Day 0 | 
| Invasive fungal infection | Invasive fungal infection | Day 0 | 
| Death | Death | Day 0 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Extremely premature infants, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, fungal infection