Levels of Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Maastricht University's Undergraduate First Year Students

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
This study explores the levels of daily physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Maastricht University's undergraduate first year students. Furthermore, this study explores the correlations between the students' demographical background information with their levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour.

Detailed Description
-----------------
Participants are randomly recruited from the student population. The participants are invited to complete a demographics questionnaire, wear an ActivPAl accelerometer for 7 days, and complete daily diaries (modified International Physical Activity Questionnaire) throughout the 7 days.

Official Title
-----------------
Levels of Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Maastricht University's Undergraduate First Year Students

Conditions
-----------------
Physical Activity, Sedentary Lifestyle

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: No intervention


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Matriculated Maastricht University 2017-2018 First Year Student Exclusion Criteria: Student of Maastricht University's Maastricht Science Programme (MSP) course. This is because the MSP students are undergoing another intervention (i.e., long term use of standing desks) introduced by the same team of researchers.
Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Maastricht University First Year Students<br>Maastricht University 2017-2018 undergraduate first year students are invited to participate in the study. The participants are invited to complete a demographics questionnaire, wear an ActivPAL accelerometer for 7 days, and to complete daily diaries (modified International Physical Activity Questionnaire) for 7 days. | Other: No intervention<br>* No intervention is given to the participants. This is an observational study exploring the students' levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in their natural setting.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer | The ActivPAL accelerometer senses limb position and activity. From this information, it can reliably discriminate periods of upright activity from seated or lying activities. Furthermore, the cadence (stepping rate) of upright activities can be accurately recorded. Energy expenditure (estimated by the ActivPAL accelerometer using Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)) and cadence (step frequency, i.e., steps per minute) will be used to distinguish between sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping. The time spent sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping will be measured and compared against global recommendations of physical activity (e.g., WHO recommendations). | 7 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correlations (r) between age (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between age (days/months/years) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between gender (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between gender (gender variant/non-conforming or male or female or transgender male or transgender female or prefer not to answer or not listed (please specify)) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between height (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between height (metres) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between weight (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between weight (kilograms) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between race/ethnicity (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between race/ethnicity (White/Caucasian or African or Middle Eastern or South Asian or Latino/Hispanic or East Asian or Caribbean or Prefer not to answer or Other (please specify)) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between nationality (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between nationality (reported by name of nationality) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between living area (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between living area (coded as rural or urban by analysing postal code) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between education status (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between education status (years of study, years in tertiary education and hours of classes per day) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between commuting status (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between commuting status (i.e., mode of transportation, availability of transportation type, and travel duration in minutes) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between employment status (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between employment status (absence or presence of a part-time job secondary to being a student) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between living status (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between living status (Alone, With parent(s)/guardian(s), With siblings, With friend(s)/flatmate(s), With partner(s), With child(ren), and/or Other (please specify)) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between social class (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between social class (measured by the highest achieved level of education by parents(s)/guardian(s)) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between gym or sports club membership (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between gym membership (absence, presence or presence but inactive of a gym or sports club membership) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between sleep duration (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between sleep duration (hours) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between smoking status (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between smoking status (Yes, No, I stopped less than 6 months ago, No, I stopped more than 6 months ago, or No, I have never smoked) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between smoking type (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between smoking type (Pipe, Cigarettes/Shag, Cigar, E-cigarettes/Vaporizers or any other electronic devices, Not applicable or Other (please specify)) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between smoking frequency (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between smoking frequency (counts per day) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 
| Correlations (r) between alcohol consumption (measured with a Demographics Questionnaire) and time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping; measured by the ActivPAL accelerometer) | The correlations between alcohol consumption (Every day, 3-5 times a week, Once a week, Only on weekends, Only on special occasions or Never) and the time (minutes) spent in various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping) will be measured to explore the determinants of the various activities (sleeping, being sedentary, standing and stepping). | 7 days | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Physical activity, Sedentary behaviour, Undergraduate