Adipocytokines, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Lipid Metabolism

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Apelin, Visfatin, Omentin and Resistin are adipocytokines derived from human adipose tissue as well as placental tissue and have been shown to be potential mediators of insulin resistance. In each pregnancy, a physiological Insulin resistance syndrome occurs to ensure that the fetus is sufficiently supplied with glucose. Due to their impact on glucose transport mechanisms adipocytokines play an important role for the development of insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy - associated diseases with a prevalence of 5-10% of all pregnancies and its prevalence is increasing. It is associated with severe hazards to both mother and fetus such as macrosomia, plexus palsy, premature delivery and intrauterine death. Furthermore, up to 50% of women with GDM develop Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) within the following ten years after pregnancy. GDM seems to be a potent risk factor for the development of DM2 in later life by sharing a number of epidemiological, physiological and genetic characteristics with DM2. Therefore, alterations in adipocytokine levels in women with GDM, if present, may resemble those observed with DM2. Furthermore, the exact pathogenesis of GDM is not completely understood, however, increased insulin resistance is a well demonstrated mechanism. Adipocytokines are known to alter insulin resistance through several mechanisms described in the literature. The investigators therefore expect a possible relationship between the above described adipocytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus. Results of the HAPO-Study have shown a significant association between fetal outcome and mean blood glucose levels in women suffering from GDM. The HAPO Study group supposed a possible relationship between GDM and fetal insulin levels and used C-Peptide to quantify fetal hyperinsulinemia. A recent study suggests that not only hyperglycemia but also altered maternal lipid metabolism may constitute a risk factor for macrosomia in GDM. In summary, the investigators aim to illuminate a possible association between the adipocytokines Apelin, Omentin, Resistin and Visfatin, lipid metabolism and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Official Title
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Influence of the Adipocytokines Apelin, Omentin, Resistin and Visfatin on Lipid Metabolism and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Conditions
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Blood draw


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Age above 18 years Informed consent Diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus Exclusion Criteria: Preexisting diabetes mellitus Any kind of immunodeficiency HIV, HCV, HBV Immunomodulating drugs (IF-Gamma, etc.) Cancer, chronic diseases

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Healthy (1)<br>Adipocytokine levels of patients suffering from GDM are compared to healthy pregnant women | Other: Blood draw<br>* During the routine blood sampling, a 10ml plasma sample as well as a 10ml serum sample will be obtained, spinned and stored at -80°C until the final assessment of adipocytokines.<br>|
| GDM (2)<br>Adipocytokine levels of patients suffering from GDM are compared to healthy pregnant women | Other: Blood draw<br>* During the routine blood sampling, a 10ml plasma sample as well as a 10ml serum sample will be obtained, spinned and stored at -80°C until the final assessment of adipocytokines.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Difference of adipocytokines between women with GDM and women with normal glucose tolerance. |  | 02/2015 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Adipocytokines