Warm Patch Decrease Propofol Injection Pain

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Propofol causes injection pain is still a common clinical unsolved problem. Mixing a small amount of lidocaine with propofol or injecting lidocaine in advance can reduce the pain caused by propofol injection. Using an air warmer to warm the arm can also reduce the pain caused by propofol injection. Investors suspect that treatment with a warming patch (covering the injection site) can also reduce the pain caused by propofol injection.

Detailed Description
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This is a single-center randomized controlled clinical study. Purpose of this study is to explore whether the coverage of the warming patch (for 5min before injection) can reduce the pain induced by propofol injection. The patients included in the study were randomly divided into two groups. The group W used a warming patch to cover the injection site, and the group C used a cotton pad to cover the injection site. After 5 minutes of coverage, the propofol injection was induced, and the patient's complaint of pain (calling or arm withdrawal) during propofol injection was observed, and the patient's recall of the pain score during induction after the patient recovered. After the patients regained consciousness, the data of the two groups were compared to determine whether the use of the warming patch could reduce the pain caused by propofol injection.

Official Title
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Will Warm Patch on the Injecting Site Decrease the Injection Pain Induced by Propofol

Conditions
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Injection Site Irritation, Pain Syndrome, Propofol Infusion Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Warming patch
* Device: Cotton patch


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: No peripheral phlebitis No history of Raynaud's syndrome No history of smoking or alcoholism Body mass index BMI<28 kg/cm2 Exclusion Criteria: Refusal of anesthesia Previous injection pain caused by propofol Difficulty in exposing the veins on the back of the hand or difficulty in venipuncture Complained of pain after normal saline infusion.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 20 Years
Maximum Age: 40 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Group W : the injection site was covered with warm patch. Group C: the injection site was covered with Cotton patch.
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Warm patch<br>the injection site was covered with warm patch. | Device: Warming patch<br>* The warming patch can increase the temp of injection site, result in a blood vessels to dilate, which may have some contribute to decreasing injection pain.<br>|
| Placebo Comparator: Cotton patch<br>the injection site was covered with cotton patch. | Device: Cotton patch<br>* The Cotton patch will cover the injection site as placebo. It dose not have the function of heating comparing to Warming patch.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Arm withdrawn | When propofol was injected, the arm was withdrawn due to injection pain. | 5min | 
| Complaints of pain | The patient complained about the pain of the propofol injection | 5min | 
| Pain score after awakening from propofol | Let the patients give a score when they recoved from propofol induced anesthesia. | 10min | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Respiratory depression | those ases when pulse oxygen saturation is less than 90% | 5min | 
| Temperature of injection site after injecting of propofol. | Get the temperature of the back of the hand with an infrared thermometer | 10min | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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propofol,injection,pain