Exercises and Performance Anxiety Among Young Instrumentalists.

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of an original exercise program intended for students of the University of Music on dealing with stage fright and its psychophysical symptoms.

Detailed Description
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The study group covers students of a music university who play various musical instruments. Participants will be divided into the experimental and control groups. The study duration is scheduled to be 6 weeks. The control group will not have any intervention. The experimental group will undertake 45 mins exercise classes twice a week. Each exercise session will consist of an initial part (warm-up), a main part with exercises designed to strengthen the postural muscles and stretch the contracted muscle groups that are especially prone to pain in musicians (back and upper limbs), and a final part of calming and breathing exercises. At the beginning and at the end of the study, participants of both groups will be asked to complete a Polish version of validated psychological questionnaires: Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory-Revised, Ogińska-Bulik's & Juczyński's Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP-25), Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians of the Polish Population (MPIIQM-P) and one original questionnaire assessing the stress level before, during and after a performance. All participants will also undergo physical examination. A measurement of the range of motion of trunk flexion in standing (cm) and the algometric measurement of the pain threshold (kg/cm2) of selected back muscles (trapezius muscles, upper and lower and levator scapula) on the right and left sides of the body. Algometric measurements will be made using the Pain Test FPX algometer Algometer (Wagner). Statistical analysis. The variables will be coded and analyzed using the STATISTICA program. Baseline demographics will be compared between groups (independent t-tests, chi-square tests). Two-way mixed-model analyses of variance (ANOVA) will explore the effect of the exercise program on symptoms and anxiety.

Official Title
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The Effect of an Exercise Program Designed for Young Instrumentalists (Musicians) on Music Performance Anxiety

Conditions
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Performance Anxiety, Musculoskeletal Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Physical Exercises


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: playing on a musical instrument for at least 5 years age 18 to 35 consent to participate in the study participation in at least 8 meetings (exercise) within 6 weeks Exclusion Criteria: current (last 3 months) locomotor injuries (fractures, sprains, dislocations), medical contraindications to exercise, confirmed by a medical opinion neurological and oncological diseases confirmed by a medical diagnosis previous spine surgeries, scoliosis confirmed by radiograph (<10ᵒ Cobb) regular intake of muscle relaxants, painkillers, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-depressants age under 18 or over 35 no consent to participate in the study to participate in the study.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: There will be two groups: study group (taking a part in the exercise program) and control (no intervention).
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental group<br>The participants of the study will take part in exercises (proprietary exercise program), 2 times per week, 45 minutes, for 6 weeks. They will be measured before and after the 6-week exercise program. | Other: Physical Exercises<br>* An original, noninvasive exercise program<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The study participants will not be subjected to any intervention, they will be measured twice, 6 weeks apart. They will be asked to lead their habitual lifestyle. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Anxiety level - total | Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory - Certified Polish translation; the total score in the questionnaire shows the strength of stage fright; the higher the score, the greater the stage fright; from 0 to 240; | Before starting the study | 
| Anxiety level - specific psychological predispositions (SPP) | Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory - Certified Polish translation; the higher the score, the worse the specific psychological predispositions; from 0 to 96; | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 
| Pain Interference | The Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for professional orchestra Musicians of the Polish Population (MPIIQM-P); from 0 to 50, the higher the score, the greater the pain interference; | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 
| Pain Intensity | The Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for professional orchestra Musicians of the Polish Population (MPIIQM-P); from 0 to 40, the higher the score, the greater the pain intensity; | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 
| Anxiety level - biological predisposition (BP) | Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory - Certified Polish translation; the higher the score, the worse the biological predisposition; from 0 to 30; | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Flexibility level | Trunk flexion assessment in standing in centimeters | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 
| Resilience level | The Polish Version of the Resilience Scale 25; The higher the score obtained on the scale, the higher it is resilience is presented by the person completing the questionnaire (from 0 to 100; 0-65 - means low resilience, 66-77 - means medium resilience, and 78-100 means high resilience); | Before starting the study | 
| Changes in algometric measurements | The algometric measurement concerns the assessment of muscle pressure sensitivity - pain threshold in kg/cm2 made using the Pain Test FPX Algometer (Wagner). | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 
| Anxiety level - general psychological predisposition (GPP) | Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory - Certified Polish translation; the higher the score, the worse the general psychological predisposition; from 0 to 114; | Before starting the study | 
| Anxiety level during last performance | Authors own questionnaire; the higher the score, the greater the stage fright; from 5 to 30; | Change between Baseline and post-treatment, 6 weeks | 
| Assessment of exercises an program | Authors own questionnaire; the higher the score, the higher the rating of the original exercise program; from16 to 96; | After 6 weeks of exercise program | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Occupational Stress, Musculoskeletal Pain, Performance anxiety, Occupational Diseases, Exercise Therapy