Examining Genetic Differences Among People With 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder that affects the amount of steroids that the body forms. The most common form of CAH is 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD), which leads to cortisol deficiency. This, in turn, causes the development of mature masculine characteristics in newborn, prepubescent, and grown females and in prepubescent males. 21OHD is known to be caused by the mutation of a specific gene. However, symptom severity among people with 21OHD varies, and adults seem to be less affected than children. This study will examine participants' DNA to determine what other genes may affect the severity of 21OHD and may make the disease milder in adults than in children.

Detailed Description
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CAH is a genetic steroidogenesis disorder. The most common form, 21OHD, leads to cortisol deficiency and, in turn, an excess of androgen, a hormone that promotes the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics. As a result of this androgen excess, prepubescent males and newborn, prepubescent, and grown females exhibit mature masculine characteristics. The symptoms and severity of 21OHD vary among individuals with the disease and in adults versus children. The reasons for these differences are not yet known. Current therapy for 21OHD consists of administration of glucocorticoids to replace cortisol and suppress excessive pituitary function. With more information about what genes or factors contribute to the severity of 21OHD, researchers may be able to better treat children and adults with the disease. This study will examine participants' DNA to determine what other genes may affect the severity of 21OHD and may make the disease milder in adults than in children. People interested in participating in this 3-day inpatient study will first undergo a physical exam and provide a blood sample to determine eligibility. Eligible participants will be admitted to the study site in the morning on the first study day. A blood sample will be taken and participants will receive one 10-mg pill of hydrocortisone. Heart rates and blood pressures will be taken every 4 hours throughout the day. In the morning of Day 2, a blood sample will be taken and participants will be asked to urinate in the toilet. After this point and until the end of the study, participants will collect all urine in a jug. On the morning of Day 3, participants will complete urine collection and a blood sample will be taken. Participants will then receive intravenously a medicine called cosyntropin, a synthetic form of a hormone that the body makes. About 1 hour after this, participants will provide a final blood sample. Participants will receive one last pill of hydrocortisone prior to the end of the study.

Official Title
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Modifier Genes in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

Conditions
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21-hydroxylase Deficiency

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Hydrocortisone withdrawal


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of 21OHD with two severe alleles, excluding the A/C656G mutation OR participant consents to genetic testing and a CYP21A2 mutation is identified Currently a patient at one of the participating centers Currently taking less than 15mg/m² hydrocortisone per day and has been for at least the past 3 months Exclusion Criteria: History of adrenal crisis within 1 year prior to study entry Any coexisting condition requiring corticosteroid therapy (e.g., asthma, psoriasis) History of removal of both adrenal glands History of deficient pituitary gland function Current or past use of growth hormone therapy within 3 months prior to study entry Serum creatinine level greater than 2 mg/dL Systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg History of critical illness or surgery that required general anesthesia within 1 month prior to study entry

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 1<br> | Procedure: Hydrocortisone withdrawal<br>* This is considered a non-standard treatment. On Day 1, participants will receive one 10-mg pill of hydrocortisone. On Day 3, participants will receive intravenously a medicine called cosyntropin, a synthetic form of a hormone that the body makes. Participants will receive one last pill of hydrocortisone prior to the end of the study.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone/cortisol ratio |  | After cosyntropin administration | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Many other serum and urine steroids, metabolites, and precursors |  | Before and after cosyntropin administration | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital, Steroid Biosynthesis Disorders