Elastography and FNAC in Thyroid Nodule

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Evaluate the accuracy of USE in comparison with FNAC in characterization of solitary thyroid nodule and assessment the risk of malignancy

Detailed Description
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Thyroid nodules occur commonly in the general population, mostly as incidental findings, with a prevalence of 19-68% at ultrasound (US) evaluation . However, although US is an established and very sensitive method for detecting thyroid nodule , it has a relatively low diagnostic performance when it comes to differentiating between benign and malignant nodules. Therefore, when a patient presents with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels but US shows suspicious signs , a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is advised, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is not a conclusive diagnostic method in all cases, considering its specificity, which ranges from 60 to 98%, and its variable sensitivity, which ranges from 54 to 90%, as well as the frequent eventual clinical need to repeat the test. However, in consideration of the financial burden on health services, and to avoid unnecessary anxiety for patients, it is unrealistic to biopsy every thyroid nodule to obtain histological diagnosis. In recent years, several studies have proposed the potential use of (US-elastography)to increase the accuracy of baseline US. Moreover, ultrasound elastography (USE) is emerging as a promising additional tool to discern malignant thyroid nodules, allowing increased diagnostic accuracy, especially in comparison with TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems). A firm or hard nodule consistency at palpation is associated with a high risk of malignancy. Due to its ability to assess stiffness as an indicator of malignancy, USE has recently become an additional tool for thyroid nodule differentiation, in combination with conventional US and FNA. In particular, strain ratio elastography (SRE) has shown high sensitivity and specificity, leading the EFSUMB (European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology) to recommend that it should be part of the work-up of thyroid nodule characterization.

Official Title
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Role of US Elastography Compared With FNAC in Diagnosis of Solitary Thyroid Nodule

Conditions
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Thyroid Nodule

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Ultrasound elastography


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: all patients referred to radiology department presented clinically with solitary thyroid nodule . Exclusion Criteria: patients previously underwent thyroid surgery patients with severe uncorrectable bleeding diathesis. Patients refused to sign consent.
Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Intervention/Treatment |
| --- |
|Device: Ultrasound elastography|ultrasound elastography (USE) is emerging as a promising additional tool to discern malignant thyroid nodules, allowing increased diagnostic accuracy, Due to its ability to assess stiffness as an indicator of malignancy, USE has recently become an additional tool for thyroid nodule differentiation, in combination with conventional US and FNA [18].|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluate the accuracy of USE in comparison with FNAC in characterization of solitary thyroid nodule and assessment the risk of malignancy. | Patients will be scanned with SWE The thyroid gland carefully examined in the transverse and longitudinal dimensions with an 8-12 MHz linear array transducer. | Base line |