Female Football Players Stretching Training and Performance on the Dynamic Balance

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This research shows the effect of stretching exercises on dynamic balance. football players divided into 2 groups do different stretching exercises, dynamic and static. The control group does not do stretching exercises. The study should show which stretching exercises have a greater effect on the Y balance test than the dynamic balance test.

Detailed Description
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Injury prevention in sports is very important, and a lot of investigative time and effort is spent in this realm. Many different tools have been created that are designed to pinpoint the athlete's predisposition to or risk for injuries. Also, health professionals and coaches should work with athletes to attempt to reduce the number of injuries as much as possible. The objective of the prevention process is not to eliminate injuries, but rather to reduce them and keep them at an acceptable level. Many authors have shown that interventions that include balance exercises are very efficient in injury risk reduction as well as performance improvement after an injury. Poor balance, altered motor control, or lack of neuromuscular control have all been described as predictors of injury risk in the lower limbs of athletes. The Y-Balance Test (YBT), a validated derivation of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), is a functional screening tool that can be reliably administered for a variety of purposes: to assess lower extremity stability, monitor rehabilitation progress, understand deficits after injury, and identify athletes at high risk for lower extremity injury. For these reasons, we have decided to research whether stretching exercises can improve the Y Balance Test. The research was conducted on football players in the first league of Bosnia and Hercegovina. Comparisons were made between static and dynamic stretching and their effects on Y Balance Test performance while no stretching exercises were performed in the control group. Stretching improves body posture, achieves good muscular and joint mobility, has a positive effect on preventing injury, and reduces muscle pain, also regular stretching improves body balance. The aim is to explore which stretching exercises will increase the results on the Y Balance Test and whether this will happen at all. This study aimed to investigate the effects of stretching exercises on the Y-Balance Test (YBT, as a test for dynamic balance) performance and postural control in female football players.

Official Title
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Controlled, Randomized, Stretching Exercises for Improvement of Dynamic Balance

Conditions
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Stretch

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Static stretching exercise
* Other: Dynamic stretching exercise


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: No musculoskeletal injury within 10 days of the start of the study, Age over 14 years (The Official Gazette of the Football Federation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Women's Football League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, article 15. states that female players who have reached the age of 14 and who have a specialist medical examination can play for the first team, a maximum of 5 player's on the field in the same game) Voluntary participation in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Age below 14 years, Refusal to take the examination, Errors in keeping records of injuries by responsible persons, Lower legs injuries in the last 10 days, Vestibular disorders.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 14 Years
Maximum Age: 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Static exercise<br>The experimental group doing static exercises, three times with five repetitions for a period of three months lasting 15 to 20 minutes at the end of the training. | Other: Static stretching exercise<br>* Standing quadriceps stretch, Gastrocnemius stretch, Standing split, Adductor stretch, Half kneeling groin stretch, Hamstring stretch on the bench, Prayer squat, Seated adductor and hamstring stretch, Hurdle seat, Seated glute stretch, Lying glute stretch, Seated groin abduction, Soleus stretch, Half kneeling quad stretch, Split hamstring stretch<br>|
| Experimental: Dynamic exercise<br>This group doing dynamic exercises, three times with five repetitions for a period of three months lasting 15 to 20 minutes at the end of the training. | Other: Dynamic stretching exercise<br>* Downward dog to runner's lunge, Dynamic squat stretch, Crescent to hamstring stretch, Half kneeling hamstring stretch, Side to side lunge with reach, Standing calf and hamstring stretch, Hurdles, Side to side lunge with step, IT band stretch, Walking quad stretch, Swing the leg forward and back, Swing the leg cross, Knee pull, Standing quat stretch, Standing gluteus stretch<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>Control group doing not the stretching exercise | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| The leg length | The leg length was measured from the anterior superior iliac spine to the distal edge of the medial malleolus, in centimeter using a tape measure. | 2 minutes | 
| Y Balance Test | During the test, the football players place one foot on the stationary platform of the test set so that the tip of the foot does not exceed the starting line. The second foot, or the tip of the foot, will push the movable part of the platform down the measuring tube, which is marked by half-inch intervals. Any lifting of the standing leg to the heel, toes or loss of balance will be considered a mistake and the attempt will be repeated. Mobility will be tested through 3 trial and 3 valid measurements of the lower limbs in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The arms should rest on the hips. | 15 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Y Balance Test, Stretching, Dynamic balance