Observational Cohort of Pancreatic Echo-endoscopy

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Metabolic syndrome is defined by the presence of at least two of the following five criteria: abdominal perimeter> 94 cm in men, 80 cm in women, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, HTA and hyperglycemia. The metabolic syndrome can lead to ultrasound hepatic steatosis in 20 to 40% of cases depending on the population studied (overweight vs obesity). What is the impact of this syndrome on pancreatic echogenicity?

Detailed Description
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Little is known about the pathogenesis of the fatty pancreas. Fat can replace acinar cells and / or pancreatic endocrine cells (1). To date, there are no biomarkers allowing the detection of a fatty pancreas. It appears that older age, male, obesity, alcohol consumption, high triglycerides, high ALT, diabetes or insulin resistance, fatty liver and metabolic syndrome are risk factors for a fatty pancreas (2,3,4).To the investigator's knowledge, these different factors have not been evaluated on the impact of pancreatic echogenecity in endosonography. The objective of this study is to correlate the factors making up the metabolic syndrome with pancreatic echogenecity.

Official Title
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Score of Echogenicity and Pancreatic Echo-endoscopy

Conditions
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Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, Hepatic Steatosis

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Endoscopic ultrasound


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: any consecutive patient, having a high echo-endoscopy for an extra pancreatic cause, such as the search for a cholelithiasis, (the pancreas will be studied completely) for esophageal pathologies, (the pancreas will be studied completely) for gastric pathologies, (the pancreas will be studied completely) for cystic lesions of the pancreas (pancreas studied upstream and downstream) for submucosal tumors (esophageal / gastric / duodenal) for abdominal pain of undetermined origin Exclusion Criteria: Patients with pancreatic and / or tissue damage with dilated wirsung canal and / or acute or chronic pancreatitis. Patients having contraindication to general anesthesia

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Patients with echo-endoscopic ultrasound of the pancreas<br>Patients requiring endoscopic ultrasound of the pancreas were included in the cohort. | Procedure: Endoscopic ultrasound<br>* Echo-endoscopy ultrasound is an examination that presents little risk. However, any medical act, exploration, intervention even conducted under conditions of competence and safety in accordance with current data of medicine and the regulations in force, conceals a risk of complications. In particular, esophageal perforations can occur. They are often favored by underlying lesions (tumor, diverticulum, anatomical variants ...). Other complications are possible such as cardiovascular, respiratory or infectious disorders, as with any anesthesia.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correlation of the pancreatic echogenicity by endoscopic ultrasound with the metabolic syndrome | Three categories of echogenicity have been defined. The presence of one or more factors of the metabolic syndrome was correlated with the category of pancreatic echogenicity defined by the experts | During the reading of the echo-endoscopic procedure | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Comparaison of the echogenicity of the pancreas with respect to the liver and to the spleen will be made. | The pancreatic echogenicity score will be assessed with the following criteria The visibility of Wirsung in three categories: excellent, average, poor that of the contours in 3 categories good or average or poor visualization of the splenic vein that of the parenchyma in 3 categories: normal, brilliant, not too obstructing the visualization of the Wirsung and the splenic vein, very promising embarrassing the visualization of the Wirsung and the splenic vein with in addition a -heterogeneous or - homogeneous item for the parenchyma. | During the reading of the echo-endoscopic procedure | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Obesity, pancreatic echogenecity, Hepatic Steatosis, Metabolic Syndrome