A Retrospective Investigation of Local Anesthetic Concentrations in Femoral Nerve Block

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to retrospectively compare perioperative pain relief and safety in pediatric patients who have received a femoral nerve block with varying concentrations of local anesthetic.

Official Title
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A Retrospective Investigation of Safety and Efficacy From Increasing Concentrations of Local Anesthetic in Pediatric Femoral Nerve Blocks

Conditions
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Postoperative Pain

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Femoral nerve block with ropivacaine or bupivacaine


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: ASA physical status I or II Age < or equal to 18 years of age at time of femoral nerve block Femoral nerve block performed from 2010-2015 Exclusion Criteria: ASA physical status > II Co-morbid diseases (cardiac, pulmonary, neurological disease) Use of adjunctive medications in femoral nerve block (except for epinephrine), such as dexamethasone

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Femoral Nerve Blocks<br>Patients who receive ropivacaine or bupivacaine during femoral nerve block. | Procedure: Femoral nerve block with ropivacaine or bupivacaine<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Concentration of Local Anesthetic Injected for Femoral Nerve Block |  | length of surgery | 
| Total mg of Local Anesthetic Injected for Femoral Nerve Block |  | length of surgery | 
| Intraoperative Tylenol Administered | Amount of Tylenol administered based on if got ropivacaine or bupivacaine femeral nerve block. | length of surgery | 
| Post-operative Opioids Administered | Amount of opioid consumption in the post operative anesthesia care unit depending on if the patient received femoral nerve block with ropivacaine or bupivacaine | in PACU (1 hr post-op) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Time to Discharge From PACU |  | Conclusion of surgery until admission to assigned unit or to phase, an expected average of 1 hour | 
| Post-operative Pain Scale Using FLACC | The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale or FLACC scale is a measurement used to assess pain for children between the ages of 2 months and 7 years or individuals that are unable to communicate their pain. The scale is scored in a range of 0-10 with 0 representing no pain. | 1 hour post-op | 
| Post-operative Pain Scale Using VAS | The visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain is a validated, subjective measure where scores are recorded by making a handwritten mark on a 10-cm line that represents a continuum between no pain and worst pain. | 1 hour post-op | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Femoral nerve blocks, children, knee and thigh surgery