Clinical Features of Smoker Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Smoking is the most important factor in the etiology of COPD. Some of the patients with COPD continue to smoke despite knowing this situation or they cannot quit even if they want. The aim of this study is; To examine patients with COPD who continue to smoke in terms of perception of dyspnea, exercise capacity, psychological symptoms and quality of life.

Detailed Description
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The study was designed prospectively. Patients with COPD who apply to the pulmonary rehabilitation outpatient clinic will be included. The data of patients with COPD who are eligible for PR and have been pre-evaluated will be scanned. Respiratory function test, arterial blood gas analysis, six-minute walking test (6-MWT), mMRC Dyspnea Scale, St George Quality of Life Questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale will be used in the study. Patients with COPD who smoke will constitute the study group, and those who quit smoking will constitute the control group.

Official Title
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Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Patients Who Continue to Smoke

Conditions
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Copd, Smoking

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Clinical Tests


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Smoker COPD Patients who smoker Exclusion Criteria: Not volunteer to participate the study

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 90 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Smoker COPD Ex Smoker COPD
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Smoker COPD<br>Patients who continue to smoke | Other: Clinical Tests<br>* Respiratory function test, arterial blood gas analysis, six-minute walking test (6-MWT), mMRC Dyspnea Scale, St George Quality of Life Questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale<br>|
| Active Comparator: Ex-smoker COPD<br>Patients who quit smoking. | Other: Clinical Tests<br>* Respiratory function test, arterial blood gas analysis, six-minute walking test (6-MWT), mMRC Dyspnea Scale, St George Quality of Life Questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Exercise Capacity | Six minutes walk test | 6 minutes | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Respiratory Functions | Pulmonary Function Test Pulmonary function test (PFT) which is noninvasive tests that show how well the lungs are working. The tests will measure FEV1; It is the volume of air (in liters) exhaled in the first second during forced exhalation after maximal inspiration. FVC: It s the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from your lungs after taking the deepest breath possible, as measured by spirometry FEV1/FVC: It represents the proportion of a person's vital capacity that they are able to expire in the first second of forced expiration (FEV1) to the full, forced vital capacity (FVC). | 30 minutes | 
| Dyspnea Sensation | Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale, which consists of 5 items ranging between 1 and 5, to determine the severity of patients' shortness of breath. | 20 minutes | 
| Disease Specific Quality of Life | St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) to determine disease-specific quality of life. At this scale, high scores define worsened disease and increased symptoms. | 20 minutes | 
| Anxiety | Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Inventory for assessment of anxiety and depression. In this scale; scores of anxiety and depression are calculated separately. The maximum score for both is 21 and high scores correspond to high degree anxiety and depression. Cut-off scores for anxiety and depression were determined as 10/11 and 7/8 respectively. | 20 minutes | 
| Depression | Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Inventory for assessment of anxiety and depression. In this scale; scores of anxiety and depression are calculated separately. The maximum score for both is 21 and high scores correspond to high degree anxiety and depression. Cut-off scores for anxiety and depression were determined as 10/11 and 7/8 respectively. | 20 minutes | 
| Body Mass Index | Body mass index is calculated by dividing body mass by the square of length in meters. | 5 minutes | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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copd, smoking