KPT-9274 in Patients With Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of oral KPT-9274 for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia.

Detailed Description
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KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.

Official Title
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A Phase 1 Open-label Study of KPT-9274 in Patients With Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Conditions
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Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, in Relapse, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Refractory

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: KPT-9274


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Written informed consent obtained prior to any study related procedures required solely for this research study. Age ≥18 years. Patients with WHO-confirmed non-APL AML who have not responded to or relapsed after at least one prior therapy and for whom no standard therapy that may provide clinical benefit is available. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤ 2. Adequate hepatic function: Total bilirubin < 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) (except patients with Gilbert's syndrome [hereditary indirect hyperbilirubinemia]; in the case of Gilbert's syndrome the direct bilirubin must be ≤2.0 times the ULN). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 times ULN (except patients with known liver involvement of their AML who must have AST and ALT ≤ 5.0 times ULN). Adequate renal function: estimated creatinine clearance of ≥ 60 mL/min, calculated using the formula of Cockroft and Gault (140-Age) • Mass (kg)/(72 • creatinine mg/dL); multiply by 0.85 if female. Female patients of child-bearing potential must agree to use dual methods of contraception (including one highly effective and one effective method of contraception) and have a negative serum pregnancy test at Screening. For both male and female patients, effective methods of contraception must be used throughout the study and for 3 months following the last dose. Male patients must use an effective barrier method of contraception if sexually active with a female of child-bearing potential. For both male and female patients, effective methods of contraception must be used throughout the study and for 3 months following the last dose. Exclusion Criteria: Female patients who are pregnant or lactating. Radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy or any other anticancer therapy, including investigational anti-cancer therapy ≤ 2 weeks prior to C1D1. Hydroxyurea is not considered an anti-cancer therapy. Patients who have not recovered or stabilized (Grade 1 or to their baseline for non-hematologic toxicities) from toxicities related to their previous treatment, except for alopecia. White blood cell count ≥25x109/L (hydroxyurea or leukapheresis permitted to reduce to below the exclusion criteria threshold and allow eligibility) Patients with known active central nervous system (CNS) disease Clinically significant severe heart disease Subjects with uncontrolled systemic fungal, bacterial, viral or other infection despite appropriate antibiotics or other treatment. Known, active hepatitis A, B, or C infection; or known to be positive for HCV RNA or HBsAg (HBV surface antigen). Testing is not required. Patients with significantly diseased or obstructed gastrointestinal tract or uncontrolled vomiting or diarrhea that could interfere with the absorption of KPT-9274. Serious psychiatric or medical conditions that, in the opinion of the Investigator, could interfere with treatment, compliance, or the ability to give consent.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
Interventional Model Description: During dose escalation, patients will receive oral KPT-9274 three times a week every other day (Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, and 26) during each 28-day cycle, and the first dose cohort will be 30 mg. Subsequent dose escalation cohorts, as well as a de-escalation cohort, will be administered. Dose escalation will continue until the MTD is determined. The MTD is defined as the highest dose at which ≤1 patient experiences a DLT in Cycle 1. A RP2D equal to or less than the MTD will be declared and used for the Dose Expansion Phase, if conducted.
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Active Comparator: De-escalation Cohort; 20mg<br>For the purposes of dose escalation decisions, a standard 3+3 dose escalation design will be used.The initial cohort, Cohort 1, will consist of 3 enrolled patients who will be treated at 30 mg. If the MTD is exceeded at cohort 1, de-escalation to cohort 0 (20 mg) will occur. If the MTD is not exceeded in cohort 1, dose escalation will continue based on a standard 3+3 design at the dose levels. | Drug: KPT-9274<br>* KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Cohort 1; 30 mg<br>The initial cohort, Cohort 1, will consist of 3 enrolled patients who will be treated at 30 mg. | Drug: KPT-9274<br>* KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Cohort 2; 40mg<br>Dose escalation to 40 mg after initial cohort (Cohort 1) after a minimum of 1 cycle of treatment, defined as receiving ≥75% of KPT-9274 doses during Cycle 1 (e.g., ≥9 of 12 doses in the 3 doses/week schedule), or have a DLT within the first cycle of treatment to be evaluable for dose escalation decisions. | Drug: KPT-9274<br>* KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Cohort 3; 60mg<br>Dose escalation to 60 mg after initial cohort (Cohort 1) after a minimum of 1 cycle of treatment, defined as receiving ≥75% of KPT-9274 doses during Cycle 1 (e.g., ≥9 of 12 doses in the 3 doses/week schedule), or have a DLT within the first cycle of treatment to be evaluable for dose escalation decisions. | Drug: KPT-9274<br>* KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Cohort 4; 80mg<br>Dose escalation to 80 mg after initial cohort (Cohort 1) after a minimum of 1 cycle of treatment, defined as receiving ≥75% of KPT-9274 doses during Cycle 1 (e.g., ≥9 of 12 doses in the 3 doses/week schedule), or have a DLT within the first cycle of treatment to be evaluable for dose escalation decisions. | Drug: KPT-9274<br>* KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Cohort 5; 100mg<br>Dose escalation to 100 mg after initial cohort (Cohort 1) after a minimum of 1 cycle of treatment, defined as receiving ≥75% of KPT-9274 doses during Cycle 1 (e.g., ≥9 of 12 doses in the 3 doses/week schedule), or have a DLT within the first cycle of treatment to be evaluable for dose escalation decisions. | Drug: KPT-9274<br>* KPT-9274 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable, non-competitive, small molecule, dual modulator of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase /PBEF/visfatin (NAMPT). NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic scavenging pathway that utilizes nicotinamide to replenish nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), an essential metabolic cofactor and second messenger. Recent investigations have shown that in in vitro and in vivo models, NAMPT is uniquely essential for relapsed or refractory AML stem cells. Targeting relapsed AML stem cells, through targeting of NAMPT, may allow for a promising therapeutic opportunity for patients with relapsed or refractory AML.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) | Dose escalation will continue until the MTD is determined. The MTD is defined as the highest dose at which ≤1 patient experiences a DLT in Cycle 1. | 28 days | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Establish Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) | A RP2D equal to or less than the MTD will be declared after the MTD is determined and will be used for the Dose Expansion Phase, if conducted. After the RP2D is determined, a dose expansion phase, of up to 10 additional patients, might be conducted, in which a preliminary determination of efficacy will be conducted, using the ELN criteria. | 28 days |