Creative Dance Effects on Community-dwelling Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of present study is to analyze the effect of a Creative Dance program on well-being, physical function, body awareness, and rhythm perception and reproduction of community-dwelling older adults. This quasi-experimental study is a controlled trial. Participants will be allocated to two groups: experimental group (who attend the Creative Dance program) and control group (who maintain usual activity). The Creative Dance program will run for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week of 60 minutes). Participants will be assessed 1) at baseline and at 2) at 12 weeks.

Detailed Description
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An healthspan life obey older adults to adhere to an active ageing lifestyle because it combat the natural cognitive and physical losses associated with ageing (1-3). Exercise programs have shown to be effective interventions for healthspan (2) and its attendance is high recommended by health organizations (4). Several studies have analyzed the beneficial effects of exercise programs on physical and cognitive performance of older adults, and they concluded that multimodal programs involving both physical and cognitive stimulation are more benefic than single physical or cognitive program interventions (5). Dance involves both physical and cognitive stimulation, since the participants are engaged physical, intellectually, and emotionally tasks(6). Dance explore the movement elements (body, space, time, dynamic, and relationships) and particularly the Creative Dance explore it through tasks that allow the participants to create their own movements and express ideas and feelings through body language (7). In Creative dance, tasks can be simplified according to specificities/limitations of participants and considering a holist approach (6). This dance do not require any dance technique or prior training, and promote socioemotional interactions, stimulating positive feelings, joy, and pleasure; furthermore, is a safe practice, not requiring expensive resources (6). For these reasons, Creative Dance is becoming gradually recommended for older people by investigators (6-9). In fact, Creative Dance seems to increase proprioception (8), several physical fitness parameters (7, 9), mobility (9) and life satisfaction (7) of older people. Thus, although there are only few studies in Creative Dance for older adults, this form of dance seems to be a pertinent practice to revert their usual process of loss and decline of motor and mental skills (6). We hypnotized, that a Creative Dance program may contribute to the community-dwelling older adults' healthspan, particularly we hypnotized that such program may induce improvements on physical fitness, on body awareness, and on rhythm perception and reproduction, as well to promote improvements on well-being indicators.

Official Title
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The Effect of a Creative Dance Program on Well-being, Physical Function, Body Awareness, and Rhythm Perception and Reproduction of Community-dwelling Older Adults

Conditions
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Community-dwelling Older Adults

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Active Dance Program


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Participants aged ≥60 years; Community-dwelling older adults living independently. Exclusion Criteria: Presence of cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination) (11); Presence of motor impairment, neurological problems or diseases compromising the program participation; Participation in regular physical exercise during the previous 6 months; Unavailability to participate in the program.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 60 Years
Maximum Age: 100 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Experimental Creative Dance group<br>The experimental group intervention will attend the creative dance program. The program integrates 3 sessions / week of 60 minutes on alternated days. | Other: Active Dance Program<br>* All Creative Dance sessions comprised five phases: 1) opening ritual (5 min), in which participants will be welcomed and will be informed about the objectives and structure of the session; 2) warm-up (15 min), in which body muscle groups will be activated through the introduction of basics elements of movement; 3) main phase (30 min), will be proposed individual, pair and group activities, in order to achieve the objectives described above. This phase will end with a choreography composition; 4) cool-down (5 min) with stretching and physiological parameters normalization; and 5) ending ritual (5 min), in which the participants will be invented to share their sessions' experience and they will fill a sheet with attendance, exercise intensity perception (Borg Scale) and satisfaction's (Caregiver Treatment Satisfaction questionnaire).<br>|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The control group will maintain the usually daily activities, not attending any exercise program. After study end, the control group will have the opportunity to participate on an exercise program. | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Life satisfaction | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in well-being outcome measure Life Satisfaction assessed by Satisfaction With Life Scale, ranging from 5 (worst) to 25 (best) points (10), Portuguese version (11). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Affects | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in well-being outcome measure Positive Affects assessed by Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), ranging from 10 (worst) to 50 (best) points (12), Portuguese version (13). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Affects | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in well-being outcome measure Negative Affects assessed by Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), ranging from 10 (best) to 50 (worst) points (12), Portuguese version (13). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Depressive Status | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in well-being outcome measure Depressive Status assessed by the Short Form of Geriatric Depression Scale, ranging from 0 (best) to 15 (worst) points (14), Portuguese version (15). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Balance | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Physical Fitness outcome measure Balance assessed by the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale, ranging from 0 (worst) to 40 (best) points (16, 17). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Agility | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Physical Fitness outcome measure Agility and Balance assessed by Timed Up and Go test (18). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Coordination | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Physical Fitness outcome measure Coordination assessed by an adapted form for older adults of the Rhythm Test de Evaluación de la Habilidad Motora from Ortega and Blázquez, ranging from 3 (worst) to 12 (best) points (19) while counting backward by one from 100. | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Rhythm perception and reproduction | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in rhythm perception and reproduction assessed by an adapted form for older adults of the Rhythm Test of Batterie d'évaluations des fonctions neuro-psychomotrices, ranging from 0 (worst) to 6 (best) points (20)(21). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 
| Body Awareness | Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Body Awareness assessed by the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (22), ranging from 0 (worst) to 165 (best) points, Portuguese version (23). | [ 0, 12 weeks] | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Older adults, Creative dance, Well-being, Life satisfaction, Affects, Physical function, Body awareness, Rhythm