Safety and Efficacy Study of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Painful Acute Osteoporotic Spine Fractures

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is now a therapeutic option for individuals for whom medical management has not been successful or for those who are at risk for developing complications due to long-term immobilization. Recently, three randomized controlled trials (RCT) concerning PVP have been published with conflicting results. Two RCTs with a sham control intervention failed to show an advantage of vertebroplasty over placebo for participants with acute, subacute, and chronic fractures or severe pain. In the third RCT, PVP compared to optimal conservative treatment showed significant immediate postoperative pain relief in the vertebroplasty group, but not at 3 and 12 months. To examine these issues, this study is initiated to compare PVP with conservative therapy in patients with osteoporotic VCFs. Moreover, this study addresses concerns about the possibility that PVP increases the incidence of new compression fractures in adjacent vertebrae.

Detailed Description
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Osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVCFs) are common in the elderly population, with an estimated 1.4 million new fractures occurring every year worldwide. Patients may present with pain and frequently require hospital admission for analgesia, bed rest, and physical support (bracing). While their back pain may last for 6-12 weeks, complications such as pneumonia, decubitus ulcers, venous thromboembolism, and even death may occur. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is now a therapeutic option for individuals for whom medical management has not been successful or for those who are at risk for developing complications due to long-term immobilization. Recently, three randomized controlled trials (RCT) concerning PVP have been published with conflicting results. So this study is to compare PVP with conservative therapy in patients with osteoporotic VCFs. Moreover, this study addresses concerns about the possibility that PVP increases the incidence of new compression fractures in adjacent vertebrae. This study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT), Participants in this study will be allocated randomly to PVP or conservative treatment.All Participants will be asked to fill out standard questionnaires to provide clinical information at baseline (the day of randomization), and at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the treatment. Cross-over will not be offered before 12 months after randomization. All standard questionnaires (except the 1-day questionnaire) consist of the VAS score, Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO), EQ-5D, and Roland-Morris Disability (RMD) Questionnaire. Furthermore,additional questions about pain treatment, hospital stay, outpatient visits,medical aids, and medical costs will be completed with the help of a nurse practitioner.

Official Title
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Investigational Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Efficacy and Safety Trial

Conditions
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Acute Osteoporotic Spinal Fractures

Intervention / Treatment
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* Procedure: Percutaneous vertebroplasty
* Other: Conservative therapy


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 50 Years and older have a confirmed diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteopenia. acute, painful OVCFs from T4-L5 clinical onset < 6 weeks vertebral compression fracture on spine radiograph (minimum 15% height loss) Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] score ≥ 4 for pain Exclusion Criteria: severe cardio-pulmonary condition untreatable coagulopathy active local or systemic infection current malignancy, or radicular or caudal compression syndrome

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Percutaneous vertebroplasty<br> | Procedure: Percutaneous vertebroplasty<br>* Percutaneous vertebroplasty Placement of PMMA into vertebral compression fracture<br>|
| Active Comparator: Conservative therapy<br> | Other: Conservative therapy<br>* Conservative therapy mainly consists of optimal pain medication. Pain management is titrated according to patients' needs, including analgesia, bed rest, and physical support (bracing).<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| VAS score | Pain assessment is based on the VAS scale, a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain ever), for which a decrease of 3.0 or more points from baseline is considered to be clinically significant pain relief. | at 1 month | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| QUALEFFO total score | QUALEFFO total score is measured with the Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO). This questionnaire consists of 41 items and includes five domains: pain, physical function, social function, general health perception, and mental function. | at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the treatment. | 
| ED-5Q score | EQ-5D is a standardized instrument utilized as a measure of health-related quality of life outcomes. Furthermore, EQ-5D is one of a few measures recommended for use in cost-effectiveness analyses by the Washington Panel on Cost Effectiveness in Health & Medicine as well as in National guidelines in economic evaluation. | at baseline, 1-week, and 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12- month | 
| RMD score | The RMD questionnaire is a disability questionnaire that measures the functional status of patients with back pain. RMD scores range from 0 to 24, with higher numbers indicating worse physical functioning. | at baseline, 1-week, and 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12- month | 
| New vertebral fractures | New vertebral fractures are defined as a decrease (compared with baseline radiographs) of 20% or more, and at least 4 mm, in any of the three vertebral heights (anterior, middle, or posterior) on follow-up. | at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year. | 
| Total medical costs | This study will calculate total medical costs through summarizing all costs of drugs,family doctor,physiotherapist, hospital stay, and outpatient visits, etc. | at 1-month, 12-month | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Percutaneous vertebroplasty