Effects of Distraction Methods on Pain Perceptions and Anxiety Levels in Children During the Blood Collection

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Aim:This study was conducted to investigate the effects of music, kaleidoscope and video watching methods on children's pain perception and anxiety level during the blood collection procedures. Methods: This randomized controlled experimental study was carried out with 134 children in the 5-10 age group in the pediatric blood collection unit of a Training and Research Hospital between August and November 2018. In the study, nonpharmacological methods were applied to the children in the experimental groups (Music Group (n=33), Kaleidoscope Group (n=36), Video Group (n=31). The routine blood collection procedure was used for the children in the control group (n=34). The data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Children's Fear and Anxiety Scale (CFAS), and the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WB-FPRS).

Official Title
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Effects of Distraction Methods on Pain Perceptions and Anxiety Levels in Children During the Blood Collection

Conditions
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Acute Pain, Nursing Caries

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: music group
* Other: kaleidoscope group
* Other: video group


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: being healthy ability to express himself/herself verbally no analgesic taken in the last 6 hours having no visual or auditory problems Exclusion Criteria: chronic disease mental disease neurological disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 5 Years
Maximum Age: 10 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: music group<br>The children in the groups were distracted by listening music 2 minutes before venipuncture, until the process was over. | Other: music group<br>* The children in the groups were distracted by music 2 minutes before venipuncture, until the process was over<br>|
| Experimental: kaleidescope group<br>The children in the groups were distracted by kaleidoscope 2 minutes before the blood collection, until the process was over. | Other: kaleidoscope group<br>* The children in the groups were distracted by kaleidoscope 2 minutes before venipuncture, until the process was over<br>|
| Experimental: video group<br>The children in the groups were distracted by watching cartoon 2 minutes before the blood collection, until the process was over. | Other: video group<br>* The children in the groups were distracted by watching video 2 minutes before venipuncture, until the process was over<br>|
| No Intervention: control group<br>No intervention was made to children in the control group | |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Children Fear Scale | The Children Fear Scale was used to evaluate the children's fear and anxiety. Children Fear Scale is a 0-4 scale, showing five faces that range from a neutral expression (0 = no anxiety) to a frightened face (4 = severe anxiety). Preprocedural and procedural pain, and anxiety were evaluated | 1 minute | 
| Wong Baker Face Pain Scale | The Wong Baker Faces scale is a 0-10 scale. Six faces on the cards show a range of emotions from a smiling face (0 very happy/no pain) to a crying face (10 'hurts worst'). | 1 minute | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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acute pain, anxiety, children, blood collection, nursing