Healthy Beyond Pregnancy: Improving Postpartum Care

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Minority women and women of lower socioeconomic status are at significantly increased risk of unintended pregnancies, short inter-pregnancy interval, and short duration of breastfeeding. The consequences of poorly timed pregnancies and short duration of breastfeeding for the health of mothers, infants and children are well documented. To decrease rates of poorly timed pregnancies, increase breastfeeding duration and address other postpartum concerns women must be engaged in their postpartum care outside of the traditional postpartum visit. In addition to contraceptive counseling and breastfeeding support, providers discuss a number of important maternal and child health issues at the postpartum visit. These include (1) screening and referral for postpartum mood disorders (2) screening for cardiometabolic consequences of pregnancy complications, (3) discussing inter-conception care and (4) connecting women with a primary care provider. Thus, as recommended by numerous professional societies, the standard postpartum visit at 4 to 6 weeks after delivery has considerable value to women's postpartum care. Attendance rates for the postpartum visit are markedly lower for women with limited resources contributing to racial and economic health disparities. Despite receiving excellent prenatal care, only 40% of the economically disadvantaged women who receive prenatal care at the Magee outpatient clinic return for their postpartum visit. These parallel national trends, where 60% of women with Medicaid insurance return for a postpartum checkup compared with over 82% of women with private insurance. Medicaid programs serve pregnant women who are particularly vulnerable to poor health outcomes and thus this gap is critical. Additionally, minority women disproportionally receive Medicaid and thus interventions that focus on Medicaid recipients have the potential to address racial as well as economic disparities. These data demonstrate that the current care model does not engage all women to make good health care decision postpartum and is disproportionately failing our most vulnerable moms and babies. Empirically derived concepts from behavioral economics can be leveraged to design interventions that support participants to make better health decisions and may be particularly useful for postpartum care. The feasibility trial will focus on four tenants of behavioral economics-bounded rationality (information overload), status quo bias (lack of self-control), hovering (limited attention), and framed incentives-- that have been successfully used to tackle stubborn health problems such as smoking and obesity. Importantly, unlike tobacco cessation or weight loss, many aspects of postpartum care such as compliance with the visit or uptake of LARC, do not require on-going action on part of the patient and thus may be particularly amenable to the lessons of behavioral economics. Specific Aim 1: To conduct a pilot trial evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of a future randomized trial to determine the efficacy of Healthy Beyond Pregnancy on adherence with the postpartum visit. Specific Aim 2: To determine the impact of Healthy Beyond Pregnancy on adherence with the postpartum visit.

Official Title
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Healthy Beyond Pregnancy: A Pilot Usability and Feasibility Trial

Conditions
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Postpartum Care

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Healthy Beyond Pregnancy
* Behavioral: Usual Care


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Postpartum 6-72 hours from delivery, aged 18-50, receipt of prenatal care through the Magee-Womens Hospital outpatient clinic and UPMC for You Medicaid insurance. Exclusion Criteria: Delivery less than 24 weeks, fetal or neonatal death, non-English speaking, no text-enabled phone

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Usual Care<br>Usual postpartum care | Behavioral: Usual Care<br> <br> |
| Experimental: Healthy Beyond Pregnancy<br>Web-based program for postpartum care and education and scheduling. Incentive for committing and returning for postpartum care. | Behavioral: Healthy Beyond Pregnancy<br>* Web-based intervention grounded in behavioral economics and designed to improve adherence with postpartum care.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of eligible participants who consent and complete study intervention | Assess the feasibility of a larger randomized controlled trial | 1-4 days postpartum | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Adherence with postpartum visit- number of participants who return for postpartum visit. | Did participant come for postpartum visit | 21-56 days after delivery |