Manikin Study on Different Protocols of CPR (MANI-CPR)

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of the study is to verify whether the inclusion of breaks of different frequency and duration during the hands-only cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) could increase chest compressions quality during an 8-minutes scenario.

Detailed Description
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Background: The focus on the hands-only CPR has grown a lot in the last years. The reasons for this are that it's more accepted by lay rescuers, it's easier to remember and to perform, and, above all, it has been demonstrated that it has the same efficacy than standard CPR at least in the first minutes after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), which are the minutes in which it is more probably that a lay rescuer can intervene. For these reasons ILCOR 2010 and also 2015 guidelines recommended this technique for untrained bystanders or for bystanders who are unwilling to give rescue breaths. ILCOR 2010 and 2015 guidelines have also pointed out that it's not sufficient to perform only a CPR immediately after an OHCA. In fact they have stressed that this CPR must be an high-quality CPR, that is a CPR with compressions of adequate rate (between 100 and 120 per minute) and adequate depth (between 5 and 6 cm), with complete chest recoil between compressions and minimizing interruptions between compressions. This because it has been shown that an high-quality CPR can improve the survival after an OHCA. It has also been demonstrated that the quality of hands-only CPR decades after 1 minute, and considering that the mean time intervention of Emergency Medical System (EMS) on a cardiac arrest scenario in Europe is about 8 minute, it's easy to comprehend that it is very difficult to perform an high-quality CPR with the hands-only technique. It has also been shown that a 10-seconds pause in the hands-only CPR protocol can increase its quality, but, at the moment, there is not a shared protocol to recommend to lay rescuers who are unwilling to give rescue breaths, except to perform chest compressions continuously until EMS arrival. Purpose: The aim of the study is to verify whether the inclusion of breaks of different frequency and duration during CPR could increase chest compressions quality during an 8-minutes scenario compared with the hands-only CPR technique. Materials and Methods: The study involves multiple training center in Italy and in Europe, that organise Basic Life Support with Automated External Defibrillators (BLS/AED) courses according to ILCOR 2015 guidelines, with an instructor:attendees:manikin ratio of 1:5:1, maximum 1:6:1, and with 1 minute training per participant with real-time feedback using a Laerdal QCPR or Resusci Anne Wireless Skill Reporter manikin connected with a QCPR software. At the end of each course the performance of 1-min of compression-only CPR on the QCPR/Resusci Anne Wireless Skill Reporter manikin without visual feedback for the attendee will be recorded for each participant. In order to eliminate any bias due to heterogeneity of the individual quality of CPR, will be asked to participate in the study to all those who, at the end of this test, will have done the compressions at a rate between 100 and 120 per minute with a result> = 75% in the parameters percentage of compressions with correct depths (between 5 and 6 cm), percentage of correctly released compressions, percentage of compressions with correct hand position Those who are between 18 and 80 years old and agree to participate in signing the informed consent, will be randomized to one of four arms of the study. The arms of the study are the 4 different CPR protocols: 30 compressions and 2 seconds of pause (30c2s), 50 compressions and 5 seconds of pause (50c5s), 100 compressions and a 10 seconds of pause (100c10s) and continuous chest compressions without any pauses (hands-only). The subjects were asked to carry out an 8-minutes performance following the protocol assigned to them on the Laerdal QCPR or Resusci Anne Wireless Skill Reporter manikin connected to the QCPR software without any type of feedback or help.

Official Title
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Multicenter internAtional raNdomized Controlled manIkin Study on Different Protocols of CPR (MANI-CPR)

Conditions
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Quality of Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Quality of chest compressions


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Lay people over 18 years old Exclusion Criteria: Lay people over 80 years old

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 80 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: 30 compressions and 2 seconds of pause<br>After the randomization the participant will be asked to perform 8 minutes of CPR following the 30 compressions and 2 seconds of pause protocol (30 chest compressions followed by 2 seconds of pause) on a manikin connected to the Personal Computer. | Other: Quality of chest compressions<br> <br> |
| Experimental: 50 compressions and 5 seconds of pauses<br>After the randomization the participant will be asked to perform 8 minutes of CPR following the 50 compressions and 5 seconds of pause protocol (50 chest compressions followed by 5 seconds of pause) on a manikin connected to the Personal Computer. | Other: Quality of chest compressions<br> <br> |
| Experimental: 100 compressions and 10 seconds of pause<br>After the randomization the participant will be asked to perform 8 minutes of CPR following the 100 compressions and 10 seconds of pause protocol (100 chest compressions followed by 10 seconds of pause) on a manikin connected to the Personal Computer. | Other: Quality of chest compressions<br> <br> |
| Experimental: hands-only<br>After the randomization the participant will be asked to perform 8 minutes of CPR following the hands-only protocol (continuous chest compressions without any pauses) on a manikin connected to the Personal Computer. | Other: Quality of chest compressions<br> <br> |

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Chest compressions depth | Difference in the percentage of compressions with correct depth (50-60 mm) among the groups | The whole 8 minutes of the performance carried out by each subject. | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Correctly released compressions | Differences in the percentage of correctly released compressions among the groups | The whole 8 minutes of the performance carried out by each subject. | 
| Compressions with correct hand position | Differences in the percentage of compressions with correct hand position among the groups | The whole 8 minutes of the performance carried out by each subject. | 
| Number of compressions per minute | Difference in the percentage of compressions with correct rythm among the groups | The whole 8 minutes of the performance carried out by each subject. | 
| Pauses to rest | Lengths of the pauses taken to rest | The whole 8 minutes of the performance carried out by each subject. | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation, Cardiac Arrest, Training