Repeated Sweet Breakfasts and Subsequent Sweet Food Preferences and Intakes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This study will assess the impact of repeated sweet breakfast consumption versus repeated non-sweet breakfast consumption on subsequent sweet and non-sweet food preferences and intakes

Detailed Description
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Participants will be randomized to receive either sweet or non-sweet breakfasts for three consecutive weeks, and impacts on food preferences and intakes will be assessed at baseline (day 0), after 1 week (day 7), and after three weeks (day 21). Preferences for sweet and non-sweet foods will be assessed during two taste tests at each assessment time, where six different foods will be rated. Sweet and non-sweet food consumption will also be measured at two meals at each assessment time - breakfast and lunch. Identical buffet meals composed of sweet and non-sweet foods suitable for consumption at breakfast and lunch will be provided ad-libitum. Intervention breakfasts will only be consumed on the days between test days.

Official Title
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Impact of Repeated Sweet Breakfasts on Subsequent Sweet Food Preferences and Intakes

Conditions
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Repeated Sweet Food Consumption

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Sweet food consumption
* Behavioral: Non-sweet food consumption


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: No known food allergy No known taste or appetite abnormalities Non-smoker Habitually eats breakfast Able to provide consent and complete all study measures

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Sweet food consumption<br>Sweet breakfasts. Participants are asked to consume a sweet breakfast every day for three weeks (excepting on three days when outcomes will be assessed (days 0, 7 and 21, day 21 reported). All foods will be provided. | Behavioral: Sweet food consumption<br>* Sweet food consumption at breakfast<br>|
| Active Comparator: Non-sweet food consumption<br>Non-sweet breakfasts. Participants are asked to consume a non-sweet breakfast every day for three weeks (excepting on three days when outcomes will be assessed (days 0, 7 and 21, day 21 reported). All foods will be provided. | Behavioral: Non-sweet food consumption<br>* Non-sweet food consumption at breakfast<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Food Preferences | Ratings of three sweet and three non-sweet foods during a taste test at breakfast. Ratings measured using 100mm VAS scales for different hedonic factors - pleasure, sweetness, desire to eat). Scores range from 0-100 where 0=least and 100=greatest for each hedonic factor. Assessments made on Day 0, 7 and 21, Day 21 reported. | 3 weeks from baseline | 
| Food Intake | Amount of sweet and non-sweet foods consumed during breakfast on test days (days 0, 7 and 21, day 21 reported) | 3 weeks from baseline | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hunger Ratings | Ratings of subjective perceptions (two meals). Ratings measured using 100mm VAS scales for different subjective factors - hunger, thirst, fullness. Scores range from 0-100 where 0=least and 100=greatest for each subjective factor. Assessments made on Day 0, 7 and 21, Day 21 reported. | 3 weeks from baseline | 
| Food Preferences at Lunch | Ratings of three sweet and three non-sweet foods during a taste test at lunch. Measures are the same as those used at breakfast. Ratings measured using 100mm VAS scales for different hedonic factors - pleasure, sweetness, desire to eat). Scores range from 0-100 where 0=least and 100=greatest for each hedonic factor. Assessments made on Day 0, 7 and 21, Day 21 reported. | 3 weeks from baseline | 
| Food Intake at Lunch | Amount of sweet and non-sweet foods consumed during lunch on test days (days 0, 7 and 21, day 21 reported). | 3 weeks from baseline | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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sweet taste, food preferences, food intake