Treatment of Uterine Fibroids With Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of MR-HIFU for the treatment of uterine fibroids in Northwestern Ontario, which is a rural and remote setting.

Detailed Description
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Uterine fibroids are benign smooth muscle tumours of the muscular wall of the uterus that affect 40 per cent of women. While the majority of fibroids are asymptomatic, fibroids may cause menorrhagia, bulk symptoms (i.e. ureteric obstruction, urinary frequency and urgency, bowel dysfunction), pain and in certain instances infertility. Magnetic resonance image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) treatment of fibroids is an established method for symptom alleviation with over 3000 women receiving treatment worldwide. MR-HIFU is a non-invasive, non-surgical procedure that uses ultrasound energy to thermally ablate the fibroid leading to a reduction in bleeding and in the size of uterine fibroids over time. MR-HIFU it is not currently being used for the treatment of symptomatic fibroids in Canada. The Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute has one of the first clinically available MR-HIFU equipment in Canada. In order to bring this technology into clinical practice, a knowledge translation study is needed to demonstrate that MR-HIFU can treat symptomatic uterine fibroids as successfully in Northwestern Ontario compared to urban centres where all of the clinical trials have been conducted. The ability to screen and follow up women treated with MR-HIFU with ultrasound rather than MRI would allow participants to receive follow up in regional centres in Northwestern Ontario and it would be more cost effective from a health system perspective. In addition, more research is needed to broaden the scope of treatment to include fibroids greater than 8 cm such that more women could benefit from this non-surgical fibroid management option.

Official Title
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Treatment of Uterine Fibroids With Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound

Conditions
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Uterine Leiomyoma

Intervention / Treatment
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* Device: Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound
* Drug: leuprolide acetate for depot suspension


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Women aged 18 to 50 years Weight <140kg Pre or perimenopausal Uterine size <24 weeks Cervical screen by Pap test: Normal, Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, or Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance as per Cancer Care Ontario guidelines Transformed symptom severity score ≥40 Willing to attend all study visits Willing to complete evaluation forms Willing and able to use reliable contraception; MR-HIFU Criteria Trial Arm 1: Minimum of 50% of fibroid volume accessible for treatment Dominant fibroid ≤8 cm Uterine volume <900 cc Total fibroid treatment volume <250 cc No more than 5 fibroids planned for ablation Completely non-enhancing fibroids should not be treated MR-HIFU Criteria Trial Arm 2: Minimum of 50% of fibroid volume accessible for treatment Dominant fibroid >8 cm or uterine volume >900 cc Total fibroid treatment volume <250 cc No more than 5 fibroids planned for ablation Completely non-enhancing fibroids should not be treated Exclusion Criteria: Other pelvic disease (endometriosis, ovarian tumor, acute pelvic disease, other mass) Significant systemic disease even if well controlled Positive pregnancy test Abnormal uterine bleeding (participant can be included if an endometrial biopsy confirms no hyperplasia or malignancy in the past 6 months) Extensive scarring along anterior abdominal wall (>50% of area) Surgical clips or scar tissue in the path of the MR-HIFU beam MRI contraindicated according to standard operating procedure MRI contrast contraindicated (including renal insufficiency) Calcifications around or throughout uterine tissues Fibroids not quantifiable on MRI Highly perfused or brighter than myometrium in T2-weighted MRI fibroids (Type 3 fibroids).

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Fibroid dimension < 8 cm<br>Women with a maximum fibroid dimension less than 8 cm and a total uterine volume less than 900 cc. Intervention: Treatment of fibroids with Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound. | Device: Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound<br>* Direct treatment of uterine fibroids with MR-HIFU<br>* Other names: MR-HIFU;|
| Experimental: Fibroid dimension > 8 cm<br>Women with a maximum fibroid dimension greater than 8 cm or a total uterine volume greater than 900 cc. Intervention A: Pre-treated with 11.25mg leuprolide acetate for depot suspension for 3 months to reduce size of fibroids. Intervention B: Treatment with Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound if fibroids decrease to treatable size of less than 8cm and uterine volume less than 900cc. | Device: Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound<br>* Direct treatment of uterine fibroids with MR-HIFU<br>* Other names: MR-HIFU;Drug: leuprolide acetate for depot suspension<br>* Treatment of uterine fibroids with leuprolide acetate prior to MR-HIFU<br>* Other names: Lupron Depot;|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in uterine fibroid symptom severity scale | Assessing change from baseline value | 3, 6, and 12 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Change in short form McGill pain questionnaire | Assessing change from baseline value | 24h, 72h, 6week, 3, 6, and 12 month | 
| Change in pictorial blood loss assessment chart | Assessing change from baseline value | 3, 6, and 12 months | 
| Change in uterine fibroid symptom and health-related quality of life questionnaire | Assessing change from baseline value | 12 months | 
| Participant use of alternative therapies for treatment of fibroids | Questionnaire to assess if participants are selecting to use alternative treatments for relief of symptoms of uterine fibroids. | 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months | 
| MR Imaging to assess change in fibroid volume. | Assessing change from baseline value | 3, 6, and 12 months | 
| MR Imaging to assess change in perfusion. | Assessing change from baseline value | 3, 6, and 12 months | 
| Ultrasound imaging to assess change in fibroid volume. | Assessing change from baseline value | 3, 6, and 12 months | 
| Ultrasound imaging to assess change in fibroid perfusion. | Assessing change from baseline value | 3, 6, and 12 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Magnetic Resonance Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound, MR-HIFU, Fibroids, Leuprolide Acetate