Tobacco Approach Avoidance Training for Adolescent Smokers-1

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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This is a two part study. Study 1 will compare Approach Avoidance Training (AAT) responses in smokers and nonsmokers in order to confirm that adolescent smokers experience cognitive bias towards tobacco-related stimuli.

Official Title
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Tobacco Approach Avoidance Training for Smoking Cessation in Adolescent Smokers-Study 1

Conditions
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Tobacco Use Disorder

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: AAT experiment


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Between ages 13-18 years Able to read and write in English. Smokers: Smoking 5 or more cigarettes daily for at least 6 months; Baseline urine cotinine levels > 500 ng/ml Nonsmokers: Never smokers; Baseline urine cotinine levels < 50 ng/ml Exclusion Criteria: Current criteria for dependence on another psychoactive substance Current diagnosis of psychosis, major depression or panic disorder Regular use of any psychoactive drugs including anxiolytics and antidepressants unless the medication has been taken consistently for 2 months, is currently being monitored by a physician, and the condition for which the medication is taken is considered to be stable Pregnant or lactating girls, based on self report.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 13 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Approach Avoidance Task experiment<br>Approach Avoidance Task experiment | Behavioral: AAT experiment<br>* Smokers and nonsmokers complete AAT experiment<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli | For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expect that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses. | at end of AAT at Day 1 | 
| automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli | For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses. | at end of AAT at Day 8 | 
| automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli | For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses. | at end of AAT at Day 15 | 
| automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli | For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses. | at end of AAT at Day 22 | 
| automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli | For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses. | at end of AAT at Day 29 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Nicotine, Smoking, Adolescent, Tobacco