Effect of Protein From Animal and Vegetable Sources on Appetite

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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New Nordic diet guidelines advocate a reduction in consumption of protein from animal sources such as beef and pork, due to environmental concerns. Instead, intake of protein from vegetable sources such as legumes and pulses should be increased. However, little is known about the effect of protein from (Nordic grown) beans and peas on body weight and appetite regulation. The objective of this study is to examine if protein from vegetable sources (beans and peas) is comparable to protein from animal sources regarding acute meal-induced satiety.

Detailed Description
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Design: Single-blind randomized 3-way crossover meal study Subjects: 48 young healthy men (Age: 18-50 years; BMI: 19-30 kg/m2). Expected completers: n=42. End points: Subjective appetite (VAS) (every 30 min for 3 hours) Ad libitum energy intake (3 hours after test meal) Experimental diets: Iso-caloric breakfast meals (3.5 MJ) with same energy density: A. Fava beans + Split peas (20 protein E%) B. Fava beans + Split peas + potato (10 protein E%) C. Pork/beef + potato (20 protein E%)

Official Title
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Effect of Protein From Animal and Vegetable Sources on Appetite

Conditions
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Focus of Study: Appetite

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Vegetable Protein
* Other: Animal protein


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: healthy men 18-50 y body mass index (BMI) 18.5-30.0 Exclusion Criteria: smoking participation in other studies for 4 mo prior to entry weight gain/loss > 3 kg for to mo prior to entry Strenuous physical activity for > 10 h/wk Use of medication that can affect appetite food allergies or relevance for the test meals Psychiatric or metabolic disorders prohibiting participation

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 50 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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Male

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: Low Vegetable Protein<br>Meal with 10 E% protein from fava beans/split peas | Other: Vegetable Protein<br>* Vegetable protein in the form of fava beans/split peas<br>|
| Experimental: High Vegetable protein<br>Meal with 20 E% protein from fava beans/split peas | Other: Vegetable Protein<br>* Vegetable protein in the form of fava beans/split peas<br>|
| Experimental: High Animal Protein<br>Meal with 20 E% protein from pork/beef | Other: Animal protein<br>* Protein in the form of minced pork/beef<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Composite appetite score area under the curve (180 min) | Composite score calculated from 10 cm visual analogue scale ratings: (desire to eat + hunger + prospective food consumption + (100-fullnes) + (100-satiety))/5 | Assessed every 30 min for 180 min after each of the three test meals which are served 1 wk apart | 
| Ad libitum energy intake | 180 min after each test meal an ad libitum meal of spaghetti bolognese is served, and the total energy intake is recorded. | Assessed 180 min after each of the 3 test meals, which are served 1 wk apart | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Appetite ratings | Assessment of hunger, fulness, satiety, desire to eat and prospective food consumption from 10 cm visual analogue scale ratings every 30 min after meal consumption for 3 hours. | Assessed every 30 min for 180 min after each or the 3 test meals which are served 1 wk apart | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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protein, legumes, appetite, meat