Comparison of the Effects of Green Exercise Programs on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Elderly Individuals

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
The aim of this study is to compare the effects of exercise programs that only aerobic exercise and combination aerobic exercise and resistance exercises on the metabolic syndrome parameters in the green exercise concept.

Detailed Description
-----------------
One hundred twenty volunteer participants aged 65 years over will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly divided into three groups as aerobic, aerobic and resistance and control group. While a group will receive only aerobic exercise, the other group group will receive both aerobic and resistance exercises and one of the group will receive no exercise. Exercises will be held in an open and green area. At the beginning of the treatment and at the end of the twelfth week Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Triglyceride, Hdl cholesterol, Ldl cholesterol, total cholesterol and blood glucose will be evaluated.

Official Title
-----------------
Comparison of the Effects of Green Exercise Programs Including Resistance Exercises and Aerobic Exercises on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Elderly Individuals

Conditions
-----------------
Metabolic Syndrome

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: green exercise with aerobic exercise


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: people aged over 65 years Be fit to participate in exercise program after the first cardiac examination by the physician Individuals whose blood lipids, Hg a1c and glucose values were checked within 3 months According to the International Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire, those who are physically inactive Having a score above 24 in the Minimental Test Exclusion Criteria: Having neuromuscular disease Serious medical condition (for example, advanced malignancy or major neurological, psychiatric or endocrine disease, respiratory failure, etc.) Having an orthopedic disease that interferes with walking Having a score below 24 in the Minimental Test

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 65 Years
Maximum Age: 85 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Interventional Model Description: Parallel Assignment Randomized
Masking: Single


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: green exercise group-1 (aerobic)<br>Forty participants who meet the inclusion criteria will first be given warm-up exercises for 10 minutes, then walking at a moderate intensity (65% of heart rate) for 40 minutes and then stretching exercises for 5 minutes | Other: green exercise with aerobic exercise<br>* Green exercise is a type of exercise done outdoors. It is an advantageous type of exercise in benefiting from sunlight and reducing anxiety. It is mostly applied in the form of brisk walking in the open air.<br>* Other names: green exercise with aerobic and resistance exercises;|
| Experimental: green exercise group-2 (aerobic+resistance)<br>For 40 participants who met the inclusion criteria, first 10 minutes of warm-up exercises, then 20 minutes of moderate-intensity (65% of heart rate) walking, followed by 10 minutes of low-intensity (50% of the maximum repetitions) and 10 minutes of high-intensity (80% of the maximum repetitions) resistance exercises will be applied in the presence of a physiotherapist. resistance exercises; shoulder flexors and abductors, elbow flexors and extensors, hip flexors and extensors, knee flexors and extensors, hip abductor muscle group will be performed. At the end of each session, 5 minutes of stretching exercises will also be applied. | Other: green exercise with aerobic exercise<br>* Green exercise is a type of exercise done outdoors. It is an advantageous type of exercise in benefiting from sunlight and reducing anxiety. It is mostly applied in the form of brisk walking in the open air.<br>* Other names: green exercise with aerobic and resistance exercises;|
| No Intervention: Control group<br>The exercise program will not be implemented. Evaluations will be made at the beginning and end of the study. | |

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| physical activity level | physical activity level will be evaulated with international physical activity questionnairre (IPAQ). The questionnaire is based on calculating the MET (metabolic equivalent) value spent by evaluating at least 10 minutes of physical activity in the last seven days in terms of frequency, duration (minutes) and intensity. According to this questionnaire, physical activity level is categorized into 4 classes: inactive, not active enough, active, very active. | Change from baseline physical activity level at week 12. | 
| blood pressure | Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured using a standard semi-automatic sphygmomanometer. | Change from baseline blood pressure at week 12. | 
| hemoglobin A1c | After 12-14 hr of fasting, a 10 cc blood sample will be collected from each participant. HbA1c will be measured using the Chromatography method with a com-mercial kit . | Change from baseline hemoglobin A1c at week 12. | 
| lipid profile | HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride serum levels will be measured to evaluate the lipid profile.HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride will be assessed using enzymatic colorimetry with commercial kits. | Change from baseline lipid profile at week 12. | 
| fasting blood glucose | After 12-14 hr of fasting, a 10 cc blood sample will be collected from each participant. Fasting blood samples from the antecubital vein will be collected by vacuum tubes. For biochemical analysis, Fasting blood glucose will be assessed with a commercial kit. | Change from baseline fasting blood glucose at week 12. | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
metabolic syndrome, exercise, geriatrics