Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Correctional Institutions

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The aim of this project is to promote and evaluate a smoking cessation intervention through the Quit to Win Contest organised in correctional institutions in Hong Kong. The aim of this project is to promote and evaluate a smoking cessation intervention through the Quit to Win Contest organised in correctional institutions in Hong Kong. The specific objectives of the study are: To test the effectiveness of face-to-face brief cessation advice and video education for smoking cessation among current smokers at the correctional institutions in Hong Kong; To evaluate the process and outcome of the recruitment of smokers through qualitative interviews; and To conduct qualitative interviews with quitters and non-quitters to examine their experience on the intervention.

Detailed Description
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Although smoking prevalence is decreasing in Hong Kong, there are still 615,000 daily cigarette smokers in Hong Kong in 2017 and half will be killed by smoking [5] which accounts for over 7,000 deaths per year. Smoking is a highly addictive behavior and it is difficult for smokers with strong nicotine dependence to quit without assistance. Despite the low smoking rate in the general population, smoking prevalence remain high in the correctional institutions. Incarcerated prisoners suffer disproportionately from mental illness, substance use disorders and disease infections. They are in need of health care such as treatment or prevention for smoking. There is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention in the correctional setting. More work is required to provide smoking cessation assistance to these high risk and underserved population. The aim of this project is to promote and evaluate a smoking cessation intervention through the Quit to Win Contest organised in correctional institutions in Hong Kong. The specific objectives of the study are: To test the effectiveness of face-to-face brief cessation advice and video education for smoking cessation among current smokers at the correctional institutions in Hong Kong; To evaluate the process and outcome of the recruitment of smokers through qualitative interviews; and To conduct qualitative interviews with quitters and non-quitters to examine their experience on the intervention.

Official Title
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Building Capacity and Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Correctional Institutions

Conditions
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Smoking Cessation

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: AWARD advice
* Behavioral: Video-based health education


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Hong Kong residents aged 18 or above Smoke at least 1 cigarette per day in the past 3 months Able to communicate in Cantonese (including reading Chinese) Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) 4 ppm or above, assessed by a validated CO smokerlyzer Intent to quit / reduce smoking Exclusion Criteria: Smokers who have difficulties (either physical or cognitive condition) to communicate Currently following other smoking cessation programs

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Group A<br>CSD participants will receive a combined intervention: Brief intervention using AWARD advice at baseline, Video-based health education | Behavioral: AWARD advice<br>* Ask about smoking history, Warn about the high risk of smoking, Advise to quit as soon as possible, Refer to the smoking cessation services, and Do it again (if the smokers refused to set quit date)<br>Behavioral: Video-based health education<br>* Educational videos on smoking and health will be developed to improve the knowledge of CSD smokers. The videos aim to raise their awareness on these important health topics and acquire effective cessation methods. The effectiveness of the educational videos will be evaluated by pre- and post-tests through a self-administered survey that assess the changes in knowledge related to smoking hazards, benefits of quitting, and methods to quit smoking.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Biochemical validated quit rate at 6-month follow-up | The primary outcome is biochemically validated quit rates (exhaled CO < 4 ppm and salivary cotinine < 10 ng/ml) at 6-month | 6-month follow-up | 
| Biochemical validated quit rate at 3-month follow-up | The primary outcome is biochemically validated quit rates (exhaled CO < 4 ppm and salivary cotinine < 10 ng/ml) at 3-month | 3-month follow-up | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Smoking quit rate change from baseline at 3-month follow-up | Self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 3-month | 3-month follow-up | 
| Smoking quit rate change from baseline at 6-month follow-up | Self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 6-month | 6-month follow-up | 
| Smoking reduction rate change from baseline at 3-month follow-up | Rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount | 3-month follow-up | 
| Smoking reduction rate change from baseline at 6-month follow-up | Rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount | 6-month follow-up | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Smoking cessation, Brief intervention, Correctional institution