Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of SRT2104 in Type 2 Diabetic Human Subjects

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The primary purpose of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of SRT2104 (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/day) in type 2 diabetic subjects when administered once daily for 28 consecutive days, and to characterize the pharmacokinetic profile of SRT2104 after a single dose and multiple administrations in type 2 diabetic subjects. The secondary purpose of this study is to determine the effect of SRT2104 (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/day) when administered once daily for 28 consecutive days on fasting blood glucose and insulin and post-prandial blood glucose and insulin in type 2 diabetic subjects.

Detailed Description
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Study Objectives Primary: To determine the safety and tolerability of SRT2104 (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/day) in type 2 diabetic subjects when administered once daily for 28 consecutive days. To characterize the pharmacokinetic profile of SRT2104 (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/day) after a single dose and multiple administrations in type 2 diabetic subjects. Secondary: 1. To determine the effect of SRT2104 (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/day) when administered once daily for 28 consecutive days on fasting blood glucose and insulin and post-prandial blood glucose and insulin in type 2 diabetic subjects. Study Design: Prospective, multi-center, clinical study of SRT2104 administered orally once daily for 28 consecutive days; randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multiple-dose, inpatient/outpatient study to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of SRT2104 in type 2 diabetic male and female subjects on an existing, stable, background metformin therapy. Approximately 225 subjects aged 30-70, who fulfill the inclusion/exclusion criteria, will be enrolled in this study to ensure completion of forty (40) evaluable subjects within each of five dosing groups. Subjects will be evenly randomized to receive SRT2104 at one of five doses, placebo (A), 0.25 g/day (B), 0.5 g/day (C), 1.0 g/day (D), or 2.0 g/day (E), once a day for 28 consecutive days, approximately 15 minutes following consumption of a standardized meal. Subjects will remain on a fixed dose of test material for all dosing days in the study. Subjects will sign the informed consent form at the Screening Visit, and will undergo screening assessments over a 2-day period to verify eligibility for the study. If eligible and willing to participate, subjects will return to the clinic within 21 days of the Screening Visit to participate in the dosing phase of the study. Subjects will be randomized to receive SRT2104 or placebo, and will be required to stay overnight at the study center on Day -1 and Day 27 to gather required PK samples and to assess safety on Day 1 and Day 28 respectively. In addition, subjects will be asked to return to the study center on Days 2 and 29; for three interim weekly safety assessments (on Days 8, 15, 22); and for an End of Study safety assessment 7 days after they complete the 28-day dosing period. A follow-up safety call will be made to each subject 30 days following their final dose of SRT2104 or placebo.

Official Title
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A Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Multiple-Dose Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of SRT2104 in Type 2 Diabetic Human Subjects

Conditions
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Intervention / Treatment
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* Drug: SRT2104
* Drug: Placebo


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Subjects of any race and gender within the age range of 30 to 70 years. All female subjects must be of non-child-bearing potential. For the purposes of this study, this is defined as the subject being amenorrheic for at least 12 consecutive months, or at least 6 weeks post-surgical bilateral oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy, or women who underwent tubal ligation. Menopausal status will be confirmed by demonstrating levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 40 - 138 mIU/ml and oestradiol < 20 pg/ml at entry, unless this information is available in the subject's medical record. In the event a subject's menopause status has been clearly established (for example, the subject indicates she has been amenorrheic for 10 years), but FSH and/or oestradiol levels are not consistent with a post-menopausal condition, determination of subject eligibility will be at the discretion of the principal investigator following consultation with the sponsor and medical monitor All male subjects must agree with their partners to use double-barrier birth control or abstinence while participating in the study and for 12 weeks following the last dose of study drug. Willingness to provide written informed consent to participate in the study HbA1c ≥ 7.5 and ≤ 10.5 Fasting glucose ≥ 160 and ≤ 240 mg/dL Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m^2 and ≤ 40.0 kg/m^2 On stable metformin medication for at least 3 months (≥ 1.0 g/day) prior to Screening No prior history of HIV 1 or 2 Absence of disease markers for hepatitis B & C virus Absence of significant disease or clinically significant abnormal laboratory values on the laboratory evaluations, medical history or physical examination during the screening; normal end organ function Have a normal 12-lead ECG or one with abnormality considered to be clinically insignificant Have a normal chest X-ray (P. A. View) or one with abnormality considered to be clinically insignificant Comprehension of the nature and purpose of the study and compliance with the requirement of the entire protocol Exclusion Criteria: Any major illness in the past three months or any significant ongoing chronic medical illness not related to diabetes Renal or liver impairment, defined as serum creatinine level of ≥ 1.4 mg/dL for females and ≥ 1.5 mg/dL for males, and greater than two times the upper limit of normal for liver enzymes, respectively. History of or current gastro-intestinal diseases influencing drug absorption, except for appendectomy History, within 3 years, of drug abuse (including Benzodiazepines, opioids, amphetamine, cocaine, and THC) History of alcoholism (more than two years), moderate drinkers (more than three drinks per day) or having consumed alcohol within 48 hrs prior to dosing [one drink is equal to one unit of alcohol (one glass wine, half pint beer, one measure of spirit)] Participation in any clinical trial within the past three months History of difficulty in donating blood or accessibility of veins in left or right arm Donation of blood (one unit or 350 ml) within three months prior to receiving the first dose of test material Use of any prescription drug therapy, with exception of any prescription medication administered at a stable dose for at least 6 weeks prior to Screening, provided the medication is not contraindicated by the metformin label Use of any alternate anti-diabetic therapy, except metformin, within three months of enrollment

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 30 Years
Maximum Age: 70 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Placebo Comparator: Placebo<br>The Placebo treatment group will be administered eight placebo capsules per day. Placebo will be administered orally once daily for twenty-eight consecutive days. Dosing will take place at approximately the same time every morning, approximately 15 minutes following consumption of a standardized meal and should be administered with approximately 1 to 2 glasses of water. | Drug: Placebo<br>* Placebo will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing an appropriate amount of placebo.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Arm1 - 0.25g<br>The 0.25g SRT2104 treatment group will be administered one SRT2104 capsules with 7 placebo capsules, for a total of 8 capsules per day. 0.25g SRT2104 will be administered orally once daily for twenty-eight consecutive days. Dosing will take place at approximately the same time every morning, 15 minutes following consumption of a standardized meal and should be administered with approximately 1 to 2 glasses of water. | Drug: SRT2104<br>* SRT2104 will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing 250 mg.<br>Drug: Placebo<br>* Placebo will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing an appropriate amount of placebo.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Arm2 - 0.5g<br>The 0.5g SRT2104 treatment group will be administered two SRT2104 capsules with 6 placebo capsules, for a total of 8 capsules per day. 0.5g SRT2104 will be administered orally once daily for twenty-eight consecutive days. Dosing will take place at approximately the same time every morning, 15 minutes following consumption of a standardized meal and should be administered with approximately 1 to 2 glasses of water. | Drug: SRT2104<br>* SRT2104 will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing 250 mg.<br>Drug: Placebo<br>* Placebo will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing an appropriate amount of placebo.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Arm3 - 1g<br>The 1g SRT2104 treatment group will be administered four SRT2104 capsules with four placebo capsules, for a total of 8 capsules per day. 1g SRT2104 will be administered orally once daily for twenty-eight consecutive days. Dosing will take place at approximately the same time every morning, 15 minutes following consumption of a standardized meal and should be administered with approximately 1 to 2 glasses of water. | Drug: SRT2104<br>* SRT2104 will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing 250 mg.<br>Drug: Placebo<br>* Placebo will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing an appropriate amount of placebo.<br>|
| Active Comparator: Arm4 - 2g<br>The 2g SRT2104 treatment group will be administered eight SRT2104 capsules per day. 2g SRT2104 will be administered orally once daily for twenty-eight consecutive days. Dosing will take place at approximately the same time every morning, 15 minutes following consumption of a standardized meal and should be administered with approximately 1 to 2 glasses of water. | Drug: SRT2104<br>* SRT2104 will be supplied as hard gelatin capsules, with each containing 250 mg.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Number of Participants With Any Adverse Event (AE), Serious Adverse Event (SAE), AE Related to Study Medication, AE Leading to Discontinuation and Fatal AE of Death | An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. An SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, results in death, is life-threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, or is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, may jeopardize the participant or may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the other outcomes listed in this definition. AE's were classified as related to the study medication, based on the investigator's judgment. | Up to Follow-up (58 days) | 
| Number of Participants With AE by Intensity of Mild, Moderate and Severe | Intensity for each AE was categorized as mild, moderate and severe. Mild was defined as awareness of sign or symptom, but easily tolerated; moderate was defined as discomfort enough to cause interference with normal daily activities; severe was defined as inability to perform normal daily activities. | Up to Follow-up (58 days) | 
| Mean Change From Baseline in Weight Over Time | Participant's body weight was assessed in the beginning of the study (at Day 1) and at the end of the study (Day 28 and Day 35). The clinical staff was instructed to use calibrated scales for weight measurement. The same scale was used at the clinical site for all participants at each specified time point during the study. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Vital Sign Parameter of Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) Over Time | Vital sign assessment of SBP and DBP was done at Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose), Day 2 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 8 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 27, Day 28 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose) and Day 35. A window of plus or minus 5 minutes was allowed during the active treatment visit vital sign assessments. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1 (pre-dose). The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1, pre-dose) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 1, Day 2, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 27, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1, pre-dose) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Vital Sign Parameter of Heart Rate (HR) Over Time | Vital sign assessment of HR was done at Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose), Day 2 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 8 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 27, Day 28 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose) and Day 35. A window of plus or minus 5 minutes was allowed during the active treatment visit vital sign assessments. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1 (pre-dose). The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1, pre-dose) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 1, Day 2, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 27, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1, pre-dose) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Vital Sign Parameter of Respiratory Rate (RR) Over Time | Vital sign assessment of RR was done at Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose), Day 2 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 8 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 27, Day 28 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose) and Day 35. A window of plus or minus 5 minutes was allowed during the active treatment visit vital sign assessments. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1 (pre-dose). The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1, pre-dose) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 1, Day 2, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 27, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1, pre-dose) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Vital Sign Parameter of Temperature Over Time | Vital sign assessment of temperature was done at Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose), Day 2 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 8 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose, 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour post-dose), Day 27, Day 28 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours post-dose) and Day 35. A window of plus or minus 5 minutes was allowed during the active treatment visit vital sign assessments. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1 (pre-dose). The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1, pre-dose) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 1, Day 2, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 27, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1, pre-dose) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Electrocardiogram (ECG) Values Over Time | 12-lead ECG was obtained in the rested state. Participants lied in supine position with ECG leads on for at least 5 minutes prior to ECG recording. The ECG was performed at Day 1 (pre-dose and post-dose), Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 (pre-dose and pre-dose) and Day 35, and included the assessment of PR interval, QRS interval, QT interval and QTc interval. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1 (pre-dose). The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1, pre-dose) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 1 [post-dose], Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1, pre-dose) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameters of Basophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Platelet and White Blood Cell (WBC) Count Over Time | Assessment for basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, platelet and white blood cell (WBC) count were performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameter of Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count Over Time | Assessment for RBC count was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameter of Hematocrit Over Time | Assessment for hematocrit was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameter of Hemoglobin Over Time | Assessment for hemoglobin was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameter of Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Over Time | Assessment for mean corpuscular hemoglobin was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameter of Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration Over Time | Assessment for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Hematology Parameter of Mean Corpuscular Volume Over Time | Assessment for mean corpuscular volume was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Coagulation Parameters of Activated Partial Thromplastin Time (aPTT) and Prothrombin Time (PT) Over Time | Assessment for aPTT and PT were performed on Day 1, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1), Day 28 and Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Coagulation Parameter of International Normalized Ratio Over Time | Assessment for international normalized ratio was performed on Day 1, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1), Day 28 and Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Chemistry Parameters of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotrasferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Creatinine Phosphokinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Over Time | Assessment for ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine phosphokinase and LDH were performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Chemistry Parameter of Bicarbonate, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Calcium, Chloride, Magnesium, Phosphate, Potassium and Sodium Over Time | Assessment for bicarbonate, BUN, calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphate, potassium and sodium were performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Chemistry Parameter of Direct Bilirubin, Indirect Bilirubin, Serum Creatinine, Total Bilirubin and Uric Acid Over Time | Assessment for direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, serum creatinine, total bilirubin and uric acid were performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Chemistry Parameter of Lipid Profile Over Time | Assessment for lipid profile was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. The parameters included high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol and triglycerides. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Chemistry Parameter of Albumin and Total Protein Over Time | Assessment for albumin and total protein were performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Urinalysis Parameter of Specific Gravity Over Time | Urinary specific gravity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in urine. It measures the ratio of urine density compared with water density and provides information on the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. The assessments were performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in Urinalysis Parameter of pH Over Time | Urinalysis parameter included urine pH. pH was calculated on a scale of 0 to 14, such that, the lower the number, more acidic the urine and higher the number, more alkaline the urine with 7 being neutral. The assessment was performed on Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Area Under Plasma Concentration Curve From Time 0 to Last Measurable Time Point (AUC 0-t), From Time 0 to Infinity (AUC 0-infinity) and From Time 0 to Trough Concentration (AUC 0-τ) of SRT2104 on Day 1 and Day 28 | The pre-dose blood samples were collected within one hour prior to study medication administration. The post-dose blood samples were collected within 2 minutes of the scheduled time. AUC values reported in the analysis of AUC 0-infinity of Day 28 versus Day 1 included AUC 0-infinity on Day 1 and AUC 0-τ on Day 28. Participants fasted for at least 10 hour overnight on Day 1, 2 and 29. The AUC 0-t was determined using the linear trapezoidal rule for increasing concentrations and the logarithmic trapezoidal rule for decreasing concentrations. AUC0-infinity was estimated by linear trapezoidal rule and was sum of the AUC0-t and extrapolated to infinity by dividing the estimated last measurable plasma concentration by elimination rate constant lambda z. Where lambda z is the terminal phase rate constant estimated by linear regression analysis of the log10 transformed concentration-time data after each single dose. The AUC0-infinity was the sum of the estimated and extrapolated parts. | Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8, 15 and 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28) | 
| Observed Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of SRT2104 at Day 1 and Day 28 | Blood samples were collected on Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8 (pre-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose). The pre-dose sample was collected within one hour prior to study medication administration. On Day 1, Day 2 and Day 29, participants fasted for at least 10 hour overnight. The post-dose sample was collected within 2 minutes of the scheduled time. The first occurrence of the Cmax was determined directly from the raw concentration-time data. | Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8, 15 and 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose) | 
| Time to Cmax (Tmax) at Day 1 and Day 28 | Blood samples were collected on Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8 (pre-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose). The pre-dose sample was collected within one hour prior to study medication administration. The post-dose sample was collected within 2 minutes of the scheduled time. The time at which Cmax was observed was determined directly from the raw concentration-time data. | Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8, 15 and 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose) | 
| Terminal Elimination Half Life (T1/2) of SRT2104 at Day 1 and Day 28 | Blood samples were collected on Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8 (pre-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose). The pre-dose sample was collected within one hour prior to study medication administration. The post-dose sample was collected within 2 minutes of the scheduled time. On Day 1 Day 2 and Day 29, participants fasted for at least 10 hour overnight. The t1/2 was obtained as the ratio of ln2/λz, where λz is the terminal phase rate constant estimated by linear regression analysis of the concentration-time data. | Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8, 15 and 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose) | 
| Apparent Total Clearance of SRT2104 From Plasma After Oral Administration (CL/F) on Day 1 and Day 28 | Blood samples were collected on Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8 (pre-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose). The pre-dose sample was collected within one hour prior to study medication administration. The post-dose sample was collected within 2 minutes of the scheduled time. On Day 1 Day 2 and Day 29, participants fasted for at least 10 hour overnight. | Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8, 15 and 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose) | 
| Apparent Volume of Distribution After Oral Administration (Vd/F) at Day 1 and Day 28 | Blood samples were collected on Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8 (pre-dose), Day 15 (pre-dose), Day 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose). The pre-dose sample was collected within one hour prior to study medication administration. The post-dose sample was collected within 2 minutes of the scheduled time. On Day 1 Day 2 and Day 29, participants fasted for at least 10 hour overnight. | Day 1 (pre-dose, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose), Day 2 (24 hour post-Day 1 dose), Day 8, 15 and 22 (pre-dose), Day 28 (pre-dose, and 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 hour post-dose) and Day 29 (24 hour post-Day 28 dose) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mean Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Levels Over Time | The assessments were done at Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35 weekly at central laboratory. The analysis was reported for Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. | Up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in FPG Levels Over Time | The assessments were done at Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35 weekly at central laboratory. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The analysis was reported for Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Mean Fasting Plasma Insulin (FPI) Levels Over Time | The assessments were done at Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35 weekly at central laboratory. The analysis was reported for Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. | Up to Day 35 | 
| Change From Baseline in FPI Over Time | The assessments were done at Day 1, Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35 weekly at central laboratory. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The analysis was reported for Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, Day 28 and Day 35) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and up to Day 35 | 
| Mean Post-prandial Glucose (PPG) and Post-prandial Insulin (PPI) Levels at Day 28 | The assessment of PPG and PPI was performed on Day 28 at 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 2 hour after the participant consumed the standardized meal (morning breakfast). | Day 28 | 
| Change From Baseline in PPG and PPI Levels at Day 28 | The assessment of PPG and PPI was performed at 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 2 hour after the participant consumed the standardized meal (morning breakfast) on Day 1 and Day 28. Baseline for PPG was defined as the assessment value of FPG done on Day 1 and Baseline for PPI was defined as the assessment value of FPI done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (30 min, 60 min and 2 h at Day 28) values. | Baseline (Day 1) and Day 28 | 
| Mean Glycosylated Hemoglobin A (HbA1c) Levels on Day 28 | The sample for HbA1c assessment was collected on Day 28. HbA1c is used to show how well their diabetes is being controlled in participants with diabetes. The HbA1c test gives the average blood glucose levels over the pervious two to three months. | Day 28 | 
| Change From Baseline in HbA1c Levels at Day 28 | HbA1c is used to show how well their diabetes is being controlled in participants with diabetes. The HbA1c test gives the average blood glucose levels over the pervious two to three months. The sample for HbA1c assessment was collected on Day 1 and Day 28. Baseline value was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28) value. | Baseline (Day 1) and Day 28 | 
| AUC From Time 0 to 1 h (AUC 0-1) and AUC From Time 0 to 2 h (AUC 0-2) for PPG and PPI at Day 1 and Day 28 | The assessment of PPG and PPI was performed at 30 minutes, 60 minnutes and 2 hour after the participant consumed the standardized meal (morning breakfast) on Day 1 and Day 28. AUC with respect to these time interval was calculated using the linear trapezoidal rule by the sum of the areas between each chronological pair of assessments (using observed times) for PPG and PPI. | Day 1 (30 minutes, 60 minutes and 2 hour) and Day 28 (30 minutes, 60 minutes and 2 hour) | 
| Mean Fructosamine Levels at Day 1 and Day 28 | Fructosamine (a glycated protein) level enables assessment of long-term glycemic control in participants with diabetes mellitus. The blood samples for fructosamine assessment was obtained at Day 1 and Day 28. | Day 1 and Day 28 | 
| Change From Baseline in Fructosamine Levels at Day 28 | Fructosamine (a glycated protein) level enables assessment of long-term glycemic control in participants with diabetes mellitus. The blood samples for fructosamine assessment was obtained at Day 1 and Day 28. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28) value. | Baseline (Day 1) and Day 28 | 
| Mean Homeostatic Model Assessment-insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) at Day 1 and Day 28 | HOMA-IR was derived from FPG and FPI as: FPI (micro units [mU]/mL)*FPG (mmol per liter) divided by 22.5. HOMA-IR was calculated from the Day 1 and Day 28 FPG and FPI values at Day 1 and Day 28. | Day 1 and Day 28 | 
| Change From Baseline in HOMA-IR at Day 28 | HOMA-IR was derived from FPG and FPI as: FPI (mU/mL)*FPG (mmol per liter) divided by 22.5. HOMA-IR was calculated from the Day 1 and Day 28 FPG and FPI values at Day 1 and Day 28. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28) value. | Baseline (Day 1) and Day 28 | 
| Mean HOMA-percentage Cell Beta Function at Day 1 and Day 28 | HOMA-percentage cell beta function was derived from FPG and FPI as: 20*FPI (mU/mL) divided by FPG (mmol per liter) minus 3.5. HOMA-percentage cell beta function was calculated from the Day 1 and Day 28 FPG and FPI values at Day 1 and Day 28. | Day 1 and Day 28 | 
| Change From Baseline in HOMA-percentage of Beta Cell Function at Day 28 | HOMA-percentage cell beta function was derived from FPG and FPI as: 20*FPI (mU/mL) divided by FPG (mmol per liter) minus 3.5. HOMA-percentage cell beta function was calculated from the Day 1 and Day 28 FPG and FPI values at Day 1 and Day 28. Baseline was defined as assessment done on Day 1. Baseline was defined as the assessment done on Day 1. The change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value (Day 1) from the individual post-Baseline (Day 28) value. | Baseline (Day 1) and Day 28 |