Effects of Resistance and Endurance Training on Synthesis of Individual Muscle Proteins in Young and Older Adults

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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Loss of skeletal muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass occurs with of aging. This are-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle strength is a major underlying factor contributing to many of the metabolic disorders and frailty of the investigators rapidly expanding aging population. Endurance (aerobic) and resistance exercise training programs have been shown to effectively reverse the age-related decline in metabolic and contractile muscle functions. The investigators will measure synthesis rates of individual muscle proteins in 36 each of young (18-30 yrs) and 36 older (> 65 yrs) people to determine their response to 8 weeks each of endurance, resistance, combined endurance and resistance training, or placebo exercise training. Hypotheses. to measure fractional synthesis rates of multiple muscle proteins and identify those that are enhanced by an endurance exercise program to determine whether changes in protein synthesis in response to endurance exercise programs are dependent on age to measure fractional muscle synthesis rates of multiple muscle proteins and to identify those that are enhanced by a resistance exercise program to determine whether changes in protein synthesis in response to resistance exercise programs are dependent on age

Official Title
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Effects of Resistance and Endurance Training on Synthesis of Individual Muscle Proteins in Young and Older Adults

Conditions
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Sarcopenia

Intervention / Treatment
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* Behavioral: Endurance exercise
* Behavioral: Resistance exercise
* Behavioral: Control/Combined training


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Healthy 18 to 30 or >65 years Males and Females Exclusion Criteria: Regular Exercise Program Smoking Cardiometabolic Disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disorders) Drugs known to impair metabolic function (beta blockers, steroids) Allergies to lidocaine Physical disability that precludes exercise

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Endurance Exercise<br>Participants will perform 8-weeks of moderate intensity endurance (cycling) exercise | Behavioral: Endurance exercise<br>* Participants will perform 8-weeks of endurance exercise training. Participants will train 5 days per week for 60 min at 65% of VO2 peak.<br>|
| Experimental: Resistance Exercise<br>Participants will perform 8-weeks of whole-body resistance exercise training. | Behavioral: Resistance exercise<br>* Participants will perform 8-weeks of resistance exercise training. Participants will train 4 days per week for  60 min. Two days will focus on lower body resistance training and two days will focus on upper body.<br>|
| Experimental: Control / Combined Training<br>Participants will perform 8-weeks of no exercise, followed by an additional 8-weeks of combined endurance plus resistance exercise training. | Behavioral: Control/Combined training<br>* Participants will perform 8-weeks of no exercise (control), followed by 8-weeks of combined endurance and resistance training. Participants will endurance train 5 days per week for 30 min at 65% of VO2 peak and resistance train 4 days per week for 30 min.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis | The investigators will determine the change from baseline in skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Measurments will be performed at baseline and following 8 weeks of exercise training. | Measured at week 0 (baseline) and week 8 | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mitochondrial Function | The investigators will determine the change from baseline in mitochondrial function. Measurments will be performed at baseline and following 8 weeks of exercise training. | Measured at week 0 (baseline) and week 8 | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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Aging, Exercise, Sarcopenia, Mitochondria