Laparoscopic Recurrent Inguinal Hernia Repair

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Laparoscopic management of recurrent inguinal hernia in children has been recently introduced in surgical practice. One of the most important advantages of using the laparoscopic approach in cases with recurrent inguinal hernia (RIH) is that it avoids the previous operation site thus avoiding injuries to the vas and vessels [19]. Some authors designed a study to compare laparoscopic hernia repairs with classical open repairs for pediatric RIH following the ﬁrst open repair. They stated that avoiding the scarred tissue the former operation area with the laparoscopic approach facilitates the procedure and decreases both the operative time and complication rate. [5]. Further, it is as simple as a fresh hernia repair because the time taken for the repair of recurrent hernia laparoscopically was the same as the fresh laparoscopic repair with no added complication [5,20]. In laparoscopic surgery, approaching the hernia defect from within the abdomen, makes the area of interest bloodless, and the magnification renders anatomy very clear, making surgery precise [6,7].

Detailed Description
-----------------
Abstract: Background: Open repair of recurrent inguinal hernias [RIH] in infancy and childhood is difficult and there is definite risk of damaging the vas deferens and testicular vessels. Laparoscopic repair of RIH has the benefit of avoiding the previous operative site. The aim of this study is to present the investigator's experience with laparoscopic repair of RIH either after open or laparoscopic hernia repair with stress on technical refinements to prevent recurrence. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study of laparoscopic repair of recurrent inguinal hernia. Records of patients that have been subjected to laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair for RIH were reviewed and evaluated. All patients were subjected to laparoscopic repair of 42 recurrent hernial defects. The primary outcome measurements of this study include; operative time. The secondary outcomes include; hydrocele formation, iatrogenic ascent of the testis and testicular atrophy.

Official Title
-----------------
Laparoscopic Management of Recurrent Inguinal Hernia in Children

Conditions
-----------------
Congenital Hernia

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Other: hernia repair


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria: Recurrent inguinal hernia Exclusion Criteria: complicated inguinal hernia

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 6 Months
Maximum Age: 4 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
No

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Design Details

Primary Purpose: Treatment
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Other: lap. recurent inguinal hernia repair<br>After induction of general anesthesia, the patient was placed supine in Trendelenburg's position. Insertion of the main umbilical port. Laparoscopic hernia repair was done by intracorporeal insertion of purse string technique with some modifications | Other: hernia repair<br>* Two 3-mm needle holders were used for stitching the wide IIR. Then the suture was continued along the upper margin of IIR, but in a deeper plane to include the peritoneum and the deeper fascia transversalis.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Operative time | The operative time is estimated by minutes. The estimated operative time for unilateral and bilateral recurrent hernia are estimated | From the incision time to the closure of the wound | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hydrocele formation | Clinical and ultrasound examination of the scrotum. Hydrocele is diagnosed by the presence of fluids in the tunica albugenia around the testis. It is measured by ml liter | one month postoperatively | 
| Testicular atrophy | Clinical and ultrasound examination of the testis for estimation of testicular size in cm. | three months postoperatively | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
Laparoscopy, Recurrent inguinal hernia, Children