Steno Diabetes Dialogue Cards Teaching on Group Education on Blood Sugar Control in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The Type 1 diabetes is the autoimmunity system produces the antibody which starts to attack the B lymphocytes while the autoimmunity is also been attacked. When the autoimmunity system has been destoyed, the insulin couldn't be secreted normally. thus, the hyperglycaemia is caused. Then, the patients need to rely on the insulin injection throughout the lifetime. The main symptoms are the three mores （eat more, drink more and urinate more）, weight loss, urine sugar, lethargy, ketone bodies and ect. The most serious complications of the diabetes type 1 is the Diabetic ketoacidosis, DKA. It is caused by the severe infection or poor Glycemic Control. If the DKA happened, the patients need to be rescued in the ICU. is because it sometimes endager life. The diabetes type 1 patients rely on the insulin injection throughout the lifetime and a good habbit of diet, boold sugar controlling and exercise. The DKA happens when the boold sugar is not well controlled.

Official Title
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Effect of Steno Diabetes Dialogue Cards Teaching Instrument on Diabetes in Group Education on Blood Sugar Control in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Conditions
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Type 1 Diabetes, HbA1c, Self-management

Intervention / Treatment
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* Other: Education


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: 10-18years ord Type 1 DM. Able to read and write Chinese. Exclusion Criteria: Communication and cognitive impairments.

Ages Eligible for Study
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Minimum Age: 10 Years
Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Prevention
Intervention Model: Sequential Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Steno Diabetes Dialogue Cards<br> | Other: Education<br>* Common Education<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| HbA1c | The subjects were 83 adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The experiment group intervened with the Steno Balance Card method was better than the control group which received only general health education in terms of blood sugar control after 3 months . | 3 months | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| self management | There was in scores between the experimental and the control groups three months after intervention which means both health education methods improved the level of self-management in patients. | 3 months | 

 Terms related to the study
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Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
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type 1 diabetes mellitus, Steno Balance Card, group health education, blood sugar control, self-management