Cognitive Impairments in Psychotic Disorders

Study Overview
=================
Brief Summary
-----------------
Patients with Psychotic disorders (Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder and Schizoaffective disorder) often suffer from significant cognitive impairments, however how these develop and change over time before and after the first psychotic break is unclear. While there are data by several groups, showing that many future patients have significant cognitive impairments years before the onset of psychosis, many future patients seem to be doing well before the manifestation of psychosis, and decline steeply in functioning after their first psychotic episode. Hence the timing of the onset of cognitive impairment in patients with psychotic disorders requires further exploration. The current study will investigate the timing of cognitive impairment by using IQ tests before and after the first psychotic break

Detailed Description
-----------------
In this study the investigators aim to use the DAPAR tests (A cognitive assessment which all 17 year old Jewish adolescents in Israel undergo to participate in mandatory military service), which measures intelligence, and is equivalent to the IQ test. The subjects will be persons who had their first psychotic break, at least one year following the DAPAR tests. As part of the study, the participants will re-take the DAPAR tests, after the onset of the psychotic illness.

Official Title
-----------------
The Timing of Cognitive Impairments in Psychotic Disorders

Conditions
-----------------
Psychotic Disorders, Cognitive Impairment

Intervention / Treatment
-----------------
* Diagnostic Test: DAPAR Tests (IQ equivalent test)


Participation Criteria
=================
Eligibility Criteria
-----------------
Inclusion Criteria - Study Group: Patients between the ages 27-18 who had first psychotic break in the last ten years, and more than a year from the date of the DAPAR tests. Diagnoses of schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder or Schizoaffective disorder according to DSM-5 criteria. Previous DAPAR tests at the age of 17. Inclusion Criteria - Control group: Participants between the ages of 27-18. No history of psychotic break. Previous DAPAR tests at the age of 17. Exclusion Criteria - Both groups: Participants who did not perform the full battery of the DAPAR tests. Participants who have been appointed a guardian. Exclusion Criteria - Control group: - Participants who have a first-degree relative who suffers from a psychotic disorder.

Ages Eligible for Study
-----------------
Minimum Age: 18 Years
Maximum Age: 30 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
-----------------
All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
-----------------
Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Study Plan
=================
How is the study designed?
-----------------

Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Study Group<br>Patients diagnosed with psychotic disorder. | Diagnostic Test: DAPAR Tests (IQ equivalent test)<br>* This study will compare DAPAR scores before and after the onset of the psychotic illness.<br>|
| Control Group<br>Healthy Controls | Diagnostic Test: DAPAR Tests (IQ equivalent test)<br>* This study will compare DAPAR scores before and after the onset of the psychotic illness.<br>|

What is the study measuring?
-----------------
Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Changes in DAPAR (An Israeli cognitive test) scores | Cognitive changes in both groups (lowest 10 - highest 90) | 1 day (During recruitment visit) | 

Secondary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Psychotic Symptoms | PANSS-6 (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - Abbrevieted) scores (lowest 0- highest 36) | 1 day (During recruitment visit) | 
| Social Functioning | PSP (Personal and Social Performance Scale) Scores (lowest 0- highest 100) | 1 day (During recruitment visit) | 
| Cognitive Functioning | WAIS-III (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) (4 specific sub-tests) | 1 day (During recruitment visit) | 
| Coping strategies | COPE (Assessing Coping Strategies) scores (lowest 0 - highest 90) | 1 day (During recruitment visit) | 

 Terms related to the study
=================
Keywords Provided by Centre Hospitalier Valida
-----------------
IQ Tests, Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, Psychotic Disorders, Cognition