Normal Vascular Doppler Pattern of Abdominal Organ in Children

Study Overview
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Brief Summary
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The following ultrasonic findings are obtained at both time points before and after induction of anesthesia (T1) and after induction (T2) in normal children . Positive pressure ventilation (Tidal volume of 6-8 ml/kg and a positive exhalation pressure of 5 cmH2O) is applied after anesthetic induction. Inferior vena cava diameter and distensibility Hepatic vein Doppler Portal vein Doppler Splenic artery and vein Doppler Renal artery and vein Doppler Based on this, the reference values for Doppler findings before and after anesthesia in normal children are obtained.

Official Title
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Normal Vascular Doppler Pattern of Abdominal Organ in Children

Conditions
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Normal Children

Intervention / Treatment
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* Diagnostic Test: abdominal Doppler


Participation Criteria
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria: Children undergoing simple surgery Exclusion Criteria: thoracic/abdominal surgery surgery for congenital heart disease disease involving liver, kidney, spleen vascular disease

Ages Eligible for Study
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Maximum Age: 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study
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All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers
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No

Study Plan
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How is the study designed?
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Design Details

Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)


Arms and Interventions

| Participant Group/Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
| --- | --- |
| Experimental: Normal children<br>normal children undergoing simple surgery | Diagnostic Test: abdominal Doppler<br>* Inferior vena cava diameter and distensibility Hepatic vein Doppler Portal vein Doppler Splenic artery and vein Doppler Renal artery and vein Doppler<br>|

What is the study measuring?
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Primary Outcome Measures

| Outcome Measure | Measure Description | Time Frame |
| --- | --- | --- |
| portal vein flow velocity (cm/s) during self respiration |  | just before anesthesia induction (about 5 minutes before anesthetic induction) | 
| portal vein flow velocity (cm/s) during general anesthesia |  | during positive pressure ventilation (within 5 - 60 minutes after anesthetic induction) | 
| splenic vein flow velocity (cm/s) during self respiration |  | just before anesthesia induction (about 5 minutes before anesthetic induction) | 
| inferior vena cava diameter (mm) during self respiration |  | just before anesthesia induction (about 5 minutes before anesthetic induction) | 
| inferior vena cava diameter (mm) during general anesthesia |  | during positive pressure ventilation (within 5 - 60 minutes after anesthetic induction) | 
| hepatic vein flow velocity (cm/s) during self respiration |  | just before anesthesia induction (about 5 minutes before anesthetic induction) | 
| hepatic vein flow velocity (cm/s) during general anesthesia |  | during positive pressure ventilation (within 5 - 60 minutes after anesthetic induction) | 
| renal artery/vein flow velocities (cm/s) during self respiration |  | just before anesthesia induction (about 5 minutes before anesthetic induction) | 
| renal artery/vein flow velocities (cm/s) during general anesthesia |  | during positive pressure ventilation (within 5 - 60 minutes after anesthetic induction) |