lianghsun/bird-text2sql-bench huggingface dataset:
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
What is the local name of Ukraine that they are also known for?

### Hint
Ukraine is a name of country;

### SQL
SELECT LocalName FROM Country WHERE Name = 'Ukraine'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
How many countries have Socialistic Republic form of government?

### Hint
Socialistic Republic form of government refers to GovernmentForm = 'Socialistic Republic';

### SQL
SELECT COUNT(Code) FROM Country WHERE GovernmentForm = 'Socialistic Republic'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
What is the official language of China?

### Hint
official language refers to IsOfficial = 'T'; China is a name of country;

### SQL
SELECT T2.Language FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Name = 'China' AND T2.IsOfficial = 'T'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
How many percent of the population of China used Chinese as their language?

### Hint
percent refers to Percentage; China is a name of country; use Chinese as their language refers to Language = 'Chinese';

### SQL
SELECT T2.Percentage FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Name = 'China' AND T2.Language = 'Chinese'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
What is the form of government that the city of Manila has?

### Hint
form of government refers to GovernmentForm;

### SQL
SELECT T1.GovernmentForm FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN City AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T2.Name = 'Manila'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
What is the capital city of the Philippines?

### Hint
capital city refers to Capital; Philippines is a name of country;

### SQL
SELECT T1.Capital FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN City AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Name = 'Philipiines'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
List all the languages used in Europe.

### Hint
Europe refers to Continent = 'Europe';

### SQL
SELECT T2.Language FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Continent = 'Europe'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
Who is the head of state of the country where the city of Pyongyang is under?

### SQL
SELECT T1.HeadOfState FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN City AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T2.Name = 'Pyongyang'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
How many unofficial languages are used in Italy?

### Hint
unofficial languages refers to IsOfficial = 'F'; Italy is a name of country;

### SQL
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN T2.IsOfficial = 'F' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Name = 'Italy'
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
What city in Russia has the least population?

### Hint
Russia is a name of country; least population refers to MIN(Population);

### SQL
SELECT T2.Name FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN City AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Name = 'Russian Federation' ORDER BY T2.Population ASC LIMIT 1
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
List all the cities in the country where there is high life expectancy at birth.

### Hint
high life expectancy at birth refers to MAX(LifeExpectancy);

### SQL
SELECT T2.Name FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN City AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode ORDER BY T1.LifeExpectancy DESC LIMIT 1
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
List all the official and unofficial languages used by the country that declared its independence in 1830.

### Hint
official language refers to IsOfficial = 'T'; unofficial language refers to IsOfficial = 'F'; declared independence in 1830 refers to IndepYear = 1830;

### SQL
SELECT T2.Language, T2.IsOfficial FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.IndepYear = 1830 GROUP BY T2.Language, T2.IsOfficial
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
What is the capital city of the country with largest population?

### Hint
capital city refers to Capital; largest population refers to MAX(Population);

### SQL
SELECT T1.Capital FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN City AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode ORDER BY T1.Population DESC LIMIT 1
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
List all the countries in the continent of Asia that use English as their unofficial language.

### Hint
use English as unofficial language refers to Language = 'English' WHERE IsOfficial = 'F';

### SQL
SELECT T1.Name FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T1.Continent = 'Asia' AND T2.IsOfficial = 'F' GROUP BY T1.Name
### Database Schema
CREATE TABLE sqlite_sequence(name,seq)

CREATE TABLE `City` (
  `ID` INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `District` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `Country` (
  `Code` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Name` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Continent` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Asia',
  `Region` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `SurfaceArea` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00,
  `IndepYear` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Population` INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  `LifeExpectancy` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNP` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `GNPOld` REAL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LocalName` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `GovernmentForm` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `HeadOfState` TEXT DEFAULT NULL,
  `Capital` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
  `Code2` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Code`)
)

CREATE TABLE `CountryLanguage` (
  `CountryCode` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Language` TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `IsOfficial`TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'F',
  `Percentage` REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.0,
  PRIMARY KEY (`CountryCode`,`Language`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`CountryCode`) REFERENCES `Country` (`Code`)
)

### Question
Calculate the average GNP of all countries that use Arabic language.

### Hint
average GNP = AVG(GNP); use Arabic language refers to Language = 'Arabic';

### SQL
SELECT AVG(T1.GNP) FROM Country AS T1 INNER JOIN CountryLanguage AS T2 ON T1.Code = T2.CountryCode WHERE T2.Language = 'Arabic'